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Nanoor Assembly constituency

2026-05-06T16:03:39Z

Heymfaizanali:

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Nanoor
| type= SLA

| map_image = {{Maplink |frame=yes |plain=y |frame-width=300|frame-height=300 |frame-align=center |type=shape|from= Vidhan Sabha constituencies/West Bengal/Nanoor.map}}
| map_caption = Interactive Map Outlining Nanoor Assembly Constituency
| map_alt =

| state = [[West Bengal]]
| district = [[Birbhum district|Birbhum]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Bolpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bolpur]]
| constituency_no = 287
| established = 1951
| reservation = SC
| abolished =
| mla = [[Bidhan Chandra Majhi]]
| party = [[All India Trinamool Congress]]
| alliance =
| latest_election_year = [[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2026]]
| electors = 218,071
}}
'''Nanoor''' is an [[Vidhan Sabha|assembly]] constituency in [[Birbhum district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]]. It is reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|scheduled castes]].

==Overview==
As per orders of the Delimitation Commission, No. 287, Nanoor Assembly constituency (SC) is composed of the following: [[Nanoor (community development block)|Nanoor]] [[Community Development Block in India|CD Block]], and Bahiri Panchshowa, [[Kankalitala]], Kasba, Sarpalehana Albandha, Sian Muluk and Singhee [[gram panchayat]]s of [[Bolpur Sriniketan]] CD Block.<ref name=delimitation>{{cite web|url=http://ceowestbengal.nic.in/news_pdf/gazette123.pdf |title=Delimitation Commission Order No. 18 |access-date=2010-09-26 |publisher=Government of West Bengal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918130255/http://ceowestbengal.nic.in/news_pdf/gazette123.pdf |archive-date=2010-09-18 }}</ref>

Nanoor Assembly constituency is part of No. 41 [[Bolpur (Lok Sabha constituency)]] (SC).<ref name =delimitation/>

== Members of Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
!Year
!Name
!Party
|-
|[[2001 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2001]]
|Ananda Gopal Das
|{{Party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[2006 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2006]]
|Joyeb Hazra
|-
|[[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2011]]
|Gadadhar Hazra
|{{Party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress|rowspan=}}
|-
|[[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2016]]
|[[Shyamali Pradhan]]
|{{Party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|rowspan=}}
|-
|[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2021]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Bidhan Chandra Majhi]]
|{{Party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2026]]
|}

==Election results==

===2026===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]: Nanoor<ref>https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMay2026/candidateswise-S25287.htm</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[Bidhan Chandra Majhi]]
|party = Trinamool Congress
|votes = {{formatnum:119910}}
|percentage = 47.37
|change =-0.27
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Khokan Das|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes=111,788{{formatnum:}}|percentage=44.16%|change=-0.65}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Shyamali Pradhan]]|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|votes=10,589{{formatnum:}}|percentage=4.18%|change=-1.29}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Abhay Das|party=Indian National Congress|votes=3,040{{formatnum:}}|percentage=1.2%|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Chiran Das|party=Janata Unnayan Party|votes=2994{{formatnum:}}|percentage=1.18%|change=New}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Ram Thandar|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|votes=1,673{{formatnum:}}|percentage=0.66%|change=-.0.5}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Joyshri Hazra|party=Independent|votes=1,260{{formatnum:}}|percentage=0.5%|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]|party=None of the above (India)|votes=1,865{{formatnum:}}|percentage=0.74%|change=-0.17}}
{{Election box majority||votes=8,122{{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=253,119{{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Trinamool Congress
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2021===
In the 2021 elections, Bidhan Chandra Majhi of Trinamool Congress defeated his nearest rival, Tarakeswar Saha of BJP.
{{Election box begin | title=[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]: Nanoor}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = Bidhan Chandra Majhi
|votes = 112,116
|percentage = 47.64
|change = +9.91
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Tarakeswar Saha
|votes = 105,446
|percentage = 44.81
|change = +35.93
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = [[Shyamali Pradhan]]
|votes = 12,878
|percentage = 5.47
|change = -44.60
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Chandipada Das
|votes = 2,739
|percentage = 1.16
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above]]
|votes = 2,149
|percentage = 0.91
|change = -1.17
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 235,238
|percentage = 85.02
|change = +2.29
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|loser = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2016===
In the 2016 elections, [[Shyamali Pradhan]] of CPI(M) defeated her nearest rival Gadhadar Hazra of Trinamool Congress.
{{Election box begin | title=[[2016 West Bengal state assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections, 2016]]: Nanoor (SC)}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = [[Shyamali Pradhan]]
|votes = 1,04,374
|percentage = 50.07
|change = +4.00
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = Gadadhar Hazra
|votes = 78,644
|percentage = 37.73
|change = -11.48
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Tarakeswar Saha
|votes = 18,502
|percentage = 8.88
|change = +4.16
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above (India)
|candidate = [[None of the above]]
|votes = 4,342
|percentage = 2.08
|change = +2.08
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 208,464
|percentage = 82.73
|change = -2.83
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|loser = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2011===
In the 2011 elections, Gadhadar Hazra of Trinamool Congress defeated his nearest rival [[Shyamali Pradhan]] of CPI(M).
{{Election box begin | title=[[2011 West Bengal state assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections, 2011]]: Nanoor (SC)<ref name="Nanoor">{{cite web|url = http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS25287.htm|title = Nanoor|work = Assembly Elections May 2011 Results|publisher = Election Commission of India|access-date = 2011-05-28|archive-date = 19 May 2011|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110519005653/http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS25287.htm|url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=287| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120526072737/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=287| url-status = usurped| archive-date = 26 May 2012|title = West Bengal Assembly Election 2011 |work =Nanoor| publisher =Empowering India |access-date = 2011-04-20 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.ceowestbengal.nic.in/mis_pdf/election_2011/canddtl_2nd_phase.pdf |title = West Bengal Assembly Election 2011 |work = Nanoor |publisher = Election Commission of India |access-date = 2011-04-20 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110912030419/http://www.ceowestbengal.nic.in/mis_pdf/election_2011/canddtl_2nd_phase.pdf |archive-date = 2011-09-12 }}</ref> }}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = Gadadhar Hazra
|votes = 91,818
|percentage = 49.21
|change = +8.77#
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = [[Shyamali Pradhan]]
|votes = 85,955
|percentage = 46.07
|change = -12.49
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Rajkumar Fulmali
|votes = 8,811
|percentage = 4.72
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 186,584
|percentage = 85.56
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|loser = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|swing = +21.26#
}}
{{Election box end}}
.# Swing calculated on Congress+Trinamool Congress vote percentages taken together in 2006.

===1977–2006===
In the 2006 state assembly elections, Joydeb Hazra of [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] won the Nanoor (SC) seat defeating his nearest rival Gadadhar Hazra of [[All India Trinamool Congress|Trinamool Congress]]. Contests in most years were multi cornered but only winners and runners are being mentioned. Ananda Gopal Das of CPI(M) defeated Krishnagopal Majhi of Trinamool Congress in 2001, Sibkinkar Saha of [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] in 1996 and 1991, and Adhir Kumar Saha of Congress in 1987. Banamali Das of CPI(M) defeated Sibkinkar Saha of Congress in 1982 and Dulal Saha of Congress in 1977.<ref>{{cite web| URL = http://eci.nic.in/archive/ElectionAnalysis/AE/S25/Partycomp283.htm | title = 283 – Nanoor (SC) Assembly Constituency | work = Partywise Comparison Since 1977 | publisher = Election Commission of India| access-date = 2010-10-01 }}</ref>

===1951–1972===
Dulal Saha of Congress won in 1972. Banamali Das of CPI(M) won in 1971 and 1969. S.Jash of Congress won in 1967. The Nannor constituency was not there in 1962 and 1957. It was a joint seat in 1951. It was won by Sisir Kumar Saha and Basanta Lal Murarka, both of Congress.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/electionstatistics.asp | title = Statistical Reports of Assembly Elections | access-date = 2010-10-01 | work = General Election Results and Statistics | publisher = Election Commission of India | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101005110118/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp | archive-date = 2010-10-05 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Birbhum topics}}
{{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of West Bengal}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Politics of Birbhum district]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]
[[Category:1951 establishments in West Bengal]]

Khogen Singh Wangkhem

2026-05-01T20:15:58Z

Heymfaizanali:

{{short description|Indian footballer and coach}}
{{Notability|1=Sports|date=September 2025}}
{{Western name order|Wangkhem Khogen Singh}}
{{Meitei name|Wangkhem|Khogen|Singh}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Infobox football biography
| name = Khogen Singh
| image =
| caption =
| fullname = Khogen Singh Wangkhem
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|1971|2|1}}
| birth_place = [[Manipur]], India
| height =
| position = [[Defender (association football)|Left back]]
| currentclub =
| youthyears1 =
| youthclubs1 =
| years1 =
| clubs1 = [[Air India F.C.|Air India]]
| caps1 =
| goals1 =
| years2 =
| clubs2 = [[ITI Sports Club|ITI]]
| caps2 =
| goals2 =
| years3 =
| clubs3 = [[Salgaocar F.C.|Salgaocar]]
| caps3 =
| goals3 =
| years4 =
| clubs4 = [[Mumbai F.C.|Mumbai]]
| caps4 =
| goals4 =
| years5 =
| clubs5 = [[Tollygunge Agragami F.C.|Tollygunge Agragami]]
| caps5 =
| goals5 =
| totalcaps =
| totalgoals =
| nationalyears1 =
| nationalteam1 =
| nationalcaps1 =
| nationalgoals1 =
| manageryears1 = 2017–2018
| managerclubs1 = [[Minerva Punjab FC|Minerva Punjab]]
| manageryears2 = 2021–2023
| managerclubs2 = [[NEROCA FC|NEROCA]]
| manageryears3 = 2023–2024
| managerclubs3 = Kshetri Iril Mapal
| manageryears4 = 2024–2025
| managerclubs4 = [[Southern Sporting Union]]
| manageryears5 = 2026–
| managerclubs5 = [[Karbi Anglong Morning Star FC|Karbi Anglong Morning Star]]
}}

'''Khogen Singh Wangkhem''' ({{langx|mni|Wangkhem Khogen Singh}}, born 1 February 1971) is an Indian [[association football|football]] coach and former player,<ref>{{cite web|first=Sourav|last=Modak|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/i-league-new-look-neroca-fc-ready-to-change-the-script-this-season/articleshow/88508733.cms|title=I-League: New-look NEROCA FC ready to change the script this season|date=26 December 2021|website=The Times of India|access-date=27 December 2021|archive-date=26 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226153345/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/i-league/i-league-new-look-neroca-fc-ready-to-change-the-script-this-season/articleshow/88508733.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> who serves as the head coach of [[Karbi Anglong Morning Star FC|Karbi Anglong Morning Star]].

==Playing career==
Born in [[Manipur]], Singh has played for a variety of clubs including [[Air India F.C.|Air India]], [[Salgaocar F.C.|Salgaocar]], [[Mumbai F.C.|Mumbai]], and [[Tollygunge Agragami F.C.|Tollygunge Agragami]].<ref name="NIE">{{cite news |title=Minerva Punjab FC become King of the North with I-League crown |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/football/2018/mar/09/minerva-punjab-fc-become-king-of-the-north-with-i-league-crown-1784314.html |access-date=3 November 2018 |work=The New Indian Express |date=9 March 2018 |archive-date=3 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103170530/http://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/football/2018/mar/09/minerva-punjab-fc-become-king-of-the-north-with-i-league-crown-1784314.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Indian Football Transfers 2003 |url=http://www.indianfootball.de/transfers2003.html |website=IndianFootball.de |access-date=3 November 2018 |archive-date=17 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200217030450/http://www.indianfootball.de/transfers2003.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Coaching career==
===Minerva Punjab: 2017–2018===
Prior to the start of the [[2017–18 I-League]] season, Singh was appointed head coach of [[Minerva Punjab F.C.|Minerva Punjab]].<ref name="NIE"/> By the end of the campaign, Singh had led the club to their first ever national league title in only their second season in India's top flight.<ref name="NIE"/> Despite the success however, Singh left the club on 22 May 2018 after being told he would be demoted to a youth coaching role.<ref>{{cite news |title=Khogen Singh quits I-League champions Minerva Punjab |url=https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/khogen-singh-quits-i-league-champions-minerva-punjab/7rp1q4ij49kt1kkab5em7n2n4 |access-date=3 November 2018 |publisher=Goal |date=22 May 2018 |archive-date=3 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181103132825/https://www.goal.com/en-us/news/khogen-singh-quits-i-league-champions-minerva-punjab/7rp1q4ij49kt1kkab5em7n2n4 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===NEROCA FC: 2021–present===
In July 2021, He is appointed as the head coach of inleague club [[NEROCA FC|NEROCA]] for the upcoming season. In 2022, he guided NEROCA in "Imphal Derby" at the Group-C opener during the [[2022 Durand Cup|131st edition]] of [[Durand Cup]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/durand-cup-2022-neroca-fc-vs-trau-fc-preview-prediction|title=Durand Cup 2022: NEROCA FC vs TRAU FC preview, prediction and more|website=sportskeeda.com|publisher=Sportskeeda|date=18 August 2022|access-date=18 August 2022|location=Imphal, Manipur|first=Azhar|last=Mohamed|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818142049/https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/durand-cup-2022-neroca-fc-vs-trau-fc-preview-prediction|archive-date=18 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://assamtribune.com/north-east/rajnath-singh-to-attend-opening-match-of-manipur-edition-of-durand-cup-today-1434174|title=Rajnath Singh to attend opening match of Manipur edition of Durand cup today|website=assamtribune.com|publisher=[[The Assam Tribune]]|first=5:31 AM|last=TAT Correspondent|date=18 August 2022|access-date=18 August 2022|location=Imphal, Manipur|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818144814/https://assamtribune.com/north-east/rajnath-singh-to-attend-opening-match-of-manipur-edition-of-durand-cup-today-1434174|archive-date=18 August 2022}}</ref> clinching a thrilling 3–1 win.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/north-east-india/manipur/manipur-to-host-first-durand-cup-match-thursday-8096099/|title=Durand Cup: Ahead of Manipur derby between TRAU and Neroca, state government declares half holiday|work=The Indian Express|first=Jimmy|last=Leivon|date=17 August 2022|access-date=18 August 2022|location=Imphal, Manipur|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220817162007/https://indianexpress.com/article/north-east-india/manipur/manipur-to-host-first-durand-cup-match-thursday-8096099/|archive-date=17 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/durand-cup-neroca-fc-vs-trau-fc-live-streaming-score-nfc-vs-tfc-when-where-to-watch-india-telecast-highlights/article65782344.ece|title=Highlights Durand Cup, NFC 3-1 TRAU: Neroca beats TRAU FC 3-1 in the Imphal Derby {{!}} Full Time! Neroca beats TRAU FC with a two-goal margin of victory|website=sportstar.thehindu.com|publisher=[[Sportstar]]|date=18 August 2022|access-date=18 August 2022|location=Imphal, Manipur|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818145621/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/durand-cup-neroca-fc-vs-trau-fc-live-streaming-score-nfc-vs-tfc-when-where-to-watch-india-telecast-highlights/article65782344.ece|archive-date=18 August 2022}}</ref>

==Statistics==
===Managerial statistics===
{{updated|3 November 2018}}.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
!rowspan=2! width=150|Team
!rowspan=2! width=120|From
!rowspan=2! width=120|To
!colspan=7|Record
|-
!width=40|G
!width=40|W
!width=40|D
!width=40|L
!width=50|Win %
|-
|align=left|{{flagicon|IND}} [[Minerva Punjab F.C.|Minerva Punjab]]
|align=left|{{nowrap|2017}}
|align=left|{{nowrap|22 May 2018}}
{{WDL|19|11|3|5}}
|-
!colspan="3"|Total
{{WDLtot|19|11|3|5}}
|}

==Honours==
;Minerva Punjab
*[[I-League]]: [[2017–18 I-League|2017–18]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.eurosport.com/football/wangkhem-khogen-singh_prs494432/person.shtml Profile] at Eurosport

{{NEROCA F.C. managers}}
{{Minerva Academy FC managers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Singh, Khogen}}
[[Category:1971 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian men's footballers]]
[[Category:Footballers from Manipur]]
[[Category:Air India FC players]]
[[Category:Salgaocar FC players]]
[[Category:Men's association football defenders]]
[[Category:National Football League (India) players]]
[[Category:Indian football managers]]
[[Category:Minerva Academy FC managers]]
[[Category:I-League managers]]
[[Category:NEROCA FC managers]]
[[Category:Tollygunge Agragami FC players]]

{{India-footy-defender-stub}}

Chhattisgarh Board of Secondary Education

2026-04-26T01:00:50Z

Heymfaizanali: Done

{{Short description|Indian educational organization}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2013}}
{{more footnotes needed|date=March 2013}}
{{Infobox organization
| name = Chhattisgarh Board of Secondary Education
| abbreviation = CGBSE
| logo_size = 500
| image_size = 200px
| formation = {{Start date and age|df=yes|2000|11|01}}<ref name="Chhattisgarh State Open School (CGSOS)">{{cite web | url=http://cgbse.nic.in/contact_us/cgbse_aboutus.aspx?theme=blue&fnt=large | title=Chhattisgarh State Open School (CGSOS) | access-date=2013-04-15 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054016/http://cgbse.org.in/contact_us/cgbse_aboutus.aspx?theme=blue&fnt=large | archive-date=4 March 2016 | url-status=dead }}</ref>
| logo = CGBSE logo.png
| type = Governmental Board of School Education
| headquarters = [[Raipur]], Chhattisgarh, India
| location = Chhattisgarh, India
| membership =
| language = Hindi
| website = https://cgbse.org.in/
}}

'''Chhattisgarh Board of Secondary Education''' (abbreviated as CGBSE) is a board of education in the state of Chhattisgarh, India. CGBSE is a state agency of the [[Government of Chhattisgarh]], it is responsible for promotion and development of secondary education in Chhattisgarh. The Board has conducted its exams independently from the year 2002, and conducts High School, Higher Secondary and Diploma Courses.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://cgbse.nic.in/about_us.aspx|title=Learn About US|website=Chhattisgarh Board of Secondary Education, Raipur}}</ref> The board is responsible for training of education professionals, operation of examinations, and the curriculum in the state.

== Establishment ==
After the formation of Chhattisgarh state on 1 November 2000, Chhattisgarh government School Education Department was upgraded to Chhattisgarh Board of Secondary Education on 20 September 2001 under Legislative Notification No. 10-5-/13/2001-Raipur-20-7-2001.<ref name="Chhattisgarh Board of Secondary Education">{{cite web | url=http://cgbse.org.in/contact_us/cgbse_aboutus.aspx?theme=blue&fnt=large | title=Chhattisgarh Board of Secondary Education, Rampur | access-date=2013-04-15 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054016/http://cgbse.nic.in/contact_us/cgbse_aboutus.aspx?theme=blue&fnt=large | archive-date=4 March 2016 | url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Examinations ==
CGBSE conducts the examinations for Class 10 and Class 12 every year in the month of March. The results are declared by the end of May.
* High School leaving certificate exam (regular / self study / correspondence)
* Higher Secondary School leaving certificate exam<ref>{{cite web |title=Chhattisgarh Board |date=11 April 2024 |url=https://schools.aglasem.com/76408/}}</ref> (regular / self study / correspondence)
* Higher Secondary (Professional) School leaving certificate exam (regular / self study)
* Diploma in Education (regular / correspondence)
* Diploma in Physical Education

== See also ==
* [[Education in Chhattisgarh]]
* [[Central Board of Secondary Education]] (CBSE), India
* [[National Institute of Open Schooling]] (NIOS), India
* [[Indian Certificate of Secondary Education]] (ICSE), India
* [[Indian School Certificate]] (ISC), India
* [[Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations]] (CISCE), India
* [[Secondary School Leaving Certificate]] (SSLC), India

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|http://www.cgbse.org.in/}}

{{School education in India}}

[[Category:State secondary education boards of India]]
[[Category:State agencies of Chhattisgarh]]
[[Category:Education in Chhattisgarh]]
[[Category:2000 establishments in Chhattisgarh]]
[[Category:Government agencies established in 2000]]

{{Chhattisgarh-stub}}

Bonela Vijaya Chandra

2026-04-24T23:17:59Z

Heymfaizanali: Stub

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Bonela Vijaya Chandra
| office = Member of the [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start = 2024
| predecessor = [[Alajangi Jogarao]]
| constituency = [[Parvathipuram Assembly constituency|Parvathipuram]]
| party = [[Telugu Desam Party]]
| birth_date =
}}
'''Bonela Vijaya Chandra''' is an Indian politician from [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pativada |first=Sreenu Babu |date=2023-09-06 |title=Young aspirants pose challenge to TDP seniors in Andhra |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2023/Sep/06/young-aspirants-pose-challenge-to-tdp-seniors-in-andhra-2612165.html |access-date=2024-06-06 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> He is a member of the [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] representing the [[Telugu Desam Party]] from [[Parvathipuram Assembly constituency]]. He was elected in the [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]s.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-04 |title=Parvathipuram, Andhra Pradesh Assembly Election Results 2024 Highlights: TDP's Bonela Vijaya Chandra defeats YSRCP's Alajangi Jogarao with 24414 votes |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/assembly/story/parvathipuram-andhra-pradesh-assembly-election-results-2024-live-updates-2548194-2024-06-04 |access-date=2024-06-06 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-04 |title=Parvathipuram Election Result 2024 LIVE Updates Highlights: Assembly Winner, Loser, Leading, Trailing, MLA, Margin |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/parvathipuram-election-result-2024-live-updates-highlights-assembly-winner-loser-leading-trailing-mla-margin-8917078.html |access-date=2024-06-06 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life ==
Chandra is from Parvathipuram, Andhra Pradesh. He completed his B.Tech degree in biotechnology and environmental science in 2009 at ANITS, Visakhapatnam, which is affiliated with Andhra University.<ref>https://www.anits.org/</ref> He belongs to Madiga community and is fluent in English, Telugu, Hindi, Kannada, and Tamil.

== Career ==
Bonela Vijaya Chandra was elected as a MLA for the first time from Parvathipuram Assembly constituency in the [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]. He polled 83,905 votes and defeated his nearest rival and former MLA, [[Alajangi Jogarao]] of the YSR Congress Party, by a margin of 24,414 votes.

He played a pivotal role in securing a stop for the Visakhapatnam-Durg Vande Bharat Express at Parvathipuram. Initially, the train was set to halt only at Vizianagaram within Andhra Pradesh. Responding to local concerns, Vijaya Chandra met with Union Minister of State for Railways, V. Somanna, and the Railway Board, ensuring the addition of the halt. This development is expected to spur economic activity in Parvathipuram and benefit both local traders and devotees traveling to nearby temples.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-09-14 |title=Halt Vizag-Durg Vande Bharat express at Parvatipuram, MLA urges Minister |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/mla-seeks-halt-at-parvatipuram-for-vizag-durg-vande-bharat-express/article68642213.ece |access-date=2024-09-30 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== References ==

{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Vijaya Chandra, Bonela}}
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Telugu Desam Party politicians]]
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2024–2029]]
[[Category:Telugu politicians]]

Dilip Jaiswal (politician)

2026-04-23T07:29:09Z

Heymfaizanali: New - done

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Distinguish|text=[[Dilip Kumar Jaiswal]], This article is about a Madhya Pradesh politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| office = Member of [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency = [[Kotma Assembly constituency|Kotma]]
| term_start = 2008
| term_end = 2013
| profession = Politician
| predecessor = Jai Singh Maravi
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| constituency_AM = [[Kotma Assembly constituency|Kotma]]
| term_start1 = 2023
| predecessor1 = [[Suneel Saraf]]
}}

'''Dilip Jaiswal''' is an Indian politician from Madhya Pradesh. He is a two time elected [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Member of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] from [[2008 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2008]] and [[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2023]], representing [[Kotma Assembly constituency]] as a Member of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kotama, Election Result 2023 Live: Winning And Losing Candidates & Parties, 2019 vs 2024 Results, Voting Percentage, Exit Polls-News18 Assembly Election 2023 Result News |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/madhya-pradesh/kotma-assembly-constituency-s12aed2008a086/ |access-date=2024-11-03 |website=www.news18.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kotma Lok Sabha Election 2024 Live: Get Kotma Lok Sabha Election Results and Candidate List |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/madhya-pradesh-assembly-election/kotma-constituency/ |access-date=2024-11-03 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[List of chief ministers of Madhya Pradesh]]
* [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jaiswal, Dilip}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Madhya Pradesh MLAs 2023–2028]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Haradhan Banerjee

2026-04-22T17:51:59Z

Heymfaizanali: Starting a article and citations

{{Short description|Indian actor and freedom fighter}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Haradhan Bandopadhyay
| image =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1926|11|06|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Kushtia]], Nadia, [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|2013|1|5|1926|11|06|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]]
| occupation = Actor
| yearsactive = 1948–2013
| children = Prasad Banerjee (Son), [[Kaushik Banerjee]] (Son)
}}

'''Haradhan Bandopadhyay''' (6 November 1926 – 5 January 2013) was a [[Bengali people|Bengali]] [[India]]n actor of [[Television in India|television]] and [[Indian cinema|films]]. He made his debut in the 1948 Bengali film ''Devdut'', directed by Atanu Bandopadhyay. He worked with some of the most prominent directors of Bengali cinema, like [[Satyajit Ray]] and [[Mrinal Sen]].<ref name="Times of AP Veteran actor Haradhan Bandhopadhyay passes away" />

==Early life==
Bandopadhyay started his schooling from [[Kushtia High School|Kushtia Municipal School]] in East Bengal, now Bangladesh. He passed matriculation in 1944. In 1946, he finished his IA exam from [[City College, Kolkata]], an affiliate of the [[University of Calcutta]]. He worked in Gun & Shell factory. In 1946, he joined The Oriental Insurance Company Limited, and he continued there until his retirement . He was even sent to jail for his involvement in the freedom struggle movement of India.<ref name="Times of AP Veteran actor Haradhan Bandhopadhyay passes away" /><ref name="Bengali actor Haradhan Bandopadhyay no more" />

==Career==
He made his debut in director Atanu Bandopadhay's film ''Devdut'' in 1948. He was a celebrated stage artiste who acted in hundreds of plays, working with famous names like Ahindra Choudhury, [[Chhabi Biswas]] and [[Utpal Dutt]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=140735 |title=Over 150 reel roles later, this actor gets real recognition |author=Sabyasachi Bandopadhyay |date= 25 July 2005 |access-date=10 March 2009}}{{dead link|date=February 2023|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} </ref>

==Death==
Bandopadhyay died on 5 January 2013 at the age of 86. He had developed [[pneumonia]] and was admitted to hospital 15 days before his death. Bandopadhyay is survived by his wife and two sons.<ref name="Bengali actor Haradhan Bandopadhyay no more">{{cite news|title=Bengali actor Haradhan Bandopadhyay no more|url=http://www.firstpost.com/fwire/bengali-actor-haradhan-bandopadhyay-no-more-578999.html|access-date=5 January 2013|newspaper=First Post|date=5 January 2013|archive-date=8 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151108224436/http://www.firstpost.com/fwire/bengali-actor-haradhan-bandopadhyay-no-more-578999.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Veteran Bengali actor Haradhan Bandopadhyay passes away in Kolkata">{{cite news|title=Veteran Bengali actor Haradhan Bandopadhyay passes away in Kolkata|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/veteran-bengali-actor-haradhan-bandopadhyay-passes-away-in-kolkata/314060-8-73.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130107223525/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/veteran-bengali-actor-haradhan-bandopadhyay-passes-away-in-kolkata/314060-8-73.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 January 2013|access-date=5 January 2013|newspaper=IBNLive|date=5 January 2013}}</ref> After his death, Bengali film actors [[Paran Bandopadhyay]] and [[Soumitra Chatterjee]] said that his death was a great loss for the Bengali film industry. Another Bengali director, [[Srijit Mukherji]], stated: "I'm devastated by his death... The embodiment of affection passes away."<ref name="Times of AP Veteran actor Haradhan Bandhopadhyay passes away">{{cite news|title=Veteran actor Haradhan Bandhopadhyay passes away|url=http://timesofap.com/cinema/veteran-actor-haradhan-bandopadhyay-passes-away.html|access-date=5 January 2013|newspaper=Times of AP|date=5 January 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131120020306/http://timesofap.com/cinema/veteran-actor-haradhan-bandopadhyay-passes-away.html|archive-date=20 November 2013}}</ref>

==Selected filmography==
{{Div col}}
* ''Michael Madhusudhan'' (1950) as David Hare
* ''Barjatri'' (1951)
* ''Pandit Mashai'' (1951)
* ''Niyoti'' (1951)
* ''Mriter Marte Agaman'' (1959)
* ''Megh'' (1959)
* ''Bhagini Nivedita'' (1962)
* ''[[Mahanagar]]'' (1963) as Himangshu Mukherjee
* ''Barnali'' (1963) as S.P.Mukherjee - General Manager
* ''[[Momer Alo]]'' (1964) as Ananta Chatterjee
* ''Ghoom Bhangar Gaan'' (1965)
* ''[[Kapurush]]'' (1965) as Bimal Gupta
* ''[[Akash Kusum]]'' (1965) as Monica's father
* ''[[Antony Firingee (film)|Antony Firingee]]'' (1967) as Kelly Antony
* ''Kheya'' (1967)
* ''Chhotto Jignasa'' (1968)
* ''[[Chowringhee (film)|Chowringhee]]'' (1968) as Jimmy
* ''[[Aparichita (1969 film)]]'' (1969)
* ''[[Deshbandhu Chittaranjan]]'' (1970)
* ''[[Seemabaddha]]'' (1971) as Talukdar
* ''Nishachar'' (1971)
* ''Chinna Patra'' (1972)
* ''[[Padi Pishir Barmi Baksha]]'' (1972)
* ''[[Sonar Khancha]]'' (1973)
* ''Nani Gopaler Biye'' (1973)
* ''[[Jadi Jantem]]'' (1974) as Government lawyer
* ''[[Debi Chowdhurani (1974 film)|Devi Chaudhurani]]'' (1974)
* ''[[Sonar Kella]]'' (1974) as Tapesh's father, Felu's uncle
* ''[[Asati]]'' (1974)
* ''Nagar Darpane'' (1975)
* ''[[Chorus (1974 film)|Chorus]]'' (1975) as Committee Member
* ''Raag Anurag'' (1975) as Mr. Dutt
* ''Priyo Bandhabi'' (1975)
* ''Seyi Chokh'' (1976)
* ''[[Hotel Snow Fox]]'' (1976)
* ''Nidhiram Sardar'' (1976)
* ''Sudur Niharika'' (1976) - Dr. Arunendu Sen
* ''[[Joi Baba Felunath (film)|Joi Baba Felunath]]'' (1979) - Umanath Ghoshal
* ''[[Jharh]]'' (1979)
* ''Dadar Kirti'' (1980) - Kedar's father
* ''[[Ogo Bodhu Shundori]]'' (1981) - Loola Bose's Husband
* ''Father'' (1981)
* ''Jawalaa Dahej Ki'' (1982) - Haradhan Banerjee
* ''Pratiksha'' (1982)
* ''Jake Ghoosh Dite Hoy'' (1982)
* ''Sansarer Itikatha'' (1983)
* ''Agamikal'' (1983)
* ''[[Phatik Chand (film)|Phatik Chand]]'' (1983) - Saradindu Sanyal, Advocate / father of Phatik Chand / Bablu / Nikhil Sanyal
* ''Din Jai'' (1983)
* ''Aparupa'' (1983)
* ''Lal Golap'' (1984)
* ''Agni Shuddhi'' (1984)
* ''Dujane'' (1984)
* ''Pratigna'' (1985)
* ''Shyam Saheb'' (1986)
* ''Shapmukti'' (1986)
* ''[[Pathbhola]]'' (1986) as Radhabinode Babu
* ''[[Mangaldeep]]'' (1989)
* ''Pronami Tomai'' (1989)
* ''Mangal Deep'' (1989)
* ''Kari Diye Kinlam'' (1989)
* ''Amar Prem'' (1989)
* ''Aakrosh'' (1989) as Mili's father, Police Officer
* ''[[Shakha Proshakha]]'' (1990) as Probodh
* ''Papi'' (1990)
* ''Neelimay Neel'' (1991)
* ''Sadharan Meye'' (1991)
* ''[[Goopy Bagha Phire Elo]]'' (1991) as King of Anandapur
* ''Surer Bhubane'' (1992)
* ''Shet Patharer Thala'' (1992) as Bandana's Father-in-Law
* ''[[Mayabini (1992 film)|Mayabini]]'' (1992)
* ''Pratham Dekha'' (1992)
* ''Duranta Prem'' (1993)
* ''Rajar Raja'' (1994)
* ''Dhusar Godhuli'' (1994)
* ''Bhalobasar Ashroy'' (1994)
* ''Sansar Sangram'' (1995)
* ''Baksha Rahasya'' (1966) as Dinanath Lahiri
* ''Puja'' (1996)
* ''Lathi'' (1996)
* ''Boro Bou'' (1997) as Haradhan Bandyopadhyay
* ''[[Lal Darja]]'' (1997)
* ''Neoti'' (1999)
* ''[[Jibon Niye Khela]]'' (1999) as Dr.Sen
* ''Madhur Milan'' (2000)
* ''[[Dekha]]'' (2001) as Sarama's father
* ''[[Swapner Feriwala]]'' (2002) as Turni's grandfather
* ''Adorini'' (2003) as Boren / Dadubhai
* ''[[Parineeta (2005 film)|Parineeta]]'' (2005) as Chatterjee
* ''[[Krantikaal]]'' (2005) as Zamindar
* ''Anuranan'' (2006) as Mr. Sen 'Colonel'
* ''[[Kailashe Kelenkari (film)|Kailashe Kelenkari]]'' (2008) as Sidhu Jyatha
* ''Chander Bari'' (2007)
* ''Khela'' (2008)
* ''Josh'' (2010) - Indra's Grandpa
* ''Ogo Bodhu Sundari'' (2010)
* ''Lajja -The Shame'' (2010)
* ''[[Gorosthaney Sabdhan (film)|Gorosthaney Sabdhan]]'' (2010) as Sidhu Jyatha
* ''[[Shotru]]'' (2011) as Dadu
* ''[[8:08 Er Bongaon Local]]'' (2012) as Doctor
* ''[[Barfi!]]'' (2012) as Daaju
* ''[[Khoka 420]]'' (2013) as dadubhai (final film role)
{{div col end}}

==Awards==
* Best Stage artist award by Ulto Rath Magazine [1961]
* [[National Film Award for Best Supporting Actor]] [2005]
* [[Banga Bibhushan]] by [[Government of West Bengal]] [2011]
* Kalakar Awards<ref name="Kalakar award winners">{{cite web|title=Kalakar award winners|url=http://kalakarawards.co/images/listofawardees.pdf|publisher=Kalakar website|access-date=16 October 2012|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425155216/http://kalakarawards.co/images/listofawardees.pdf|archive-date=25 April 2012}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb name|id=0052329}}

{{NationalFilmAwardBestSupportingActor}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Banerjee, Haradhan}}
[[Category:1926 births]]
[[Category:2013 deaths]]
[[Category:Bengali male actors]]
[[Category:Male actors in Bengali cinema]]
[[Category:Best Supporting Actor National Film Award winners]]
[[Category:City College, Kolkata alumni]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:Indian male television actors]]
[[Category:Kalakar Awards winners]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:People from Kushtia]]
[[Category:Victoria Jubilee Government High School alumni]]
[[Category:Kushtia High School alumni]]
[[Category:Male actors from Khulna Division]]
[[Category:Actors from Kushtia District]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]

Shreedhar Swami

2026-04-22T10:46:30Z

Heymfaizanali: created some entry needs work

{{Short description|Marathi-Kannada saint and religious poet}}
{{Distinguish|text = [[Bhakti Rakshak Sridhar]], also known as Swami B. R. Sridhar}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{religious text primary|article|date=November 2015}}
{{More citations needed|date=December 2009}}
}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Infobox Hindu leader
|name=Shreedhar Swami
|image=Shreedhar Swami.jpg
|caption = Sadguru Bhagwan Shreedhar Swami Maharaj
| religion = [[Hinduism]]
|birth_date= {{birth date |1908|12|07|df=y}}
|birth_place=Ladchincholi
|death_date= {{death date and age|1973|04|19|1908|12|07|df=y}}
|death_place= Varadpur, [[Sagara, Karnataka|Sagar]]
|guru= [[Samarth Ramdas Swami]]
|philosophy= Sanātana Dharma
|honors= ''Santh''
|literary_works = Swatm Nirupam (स्वातं निरुपम), Moksha Sandesh (मोक्ष)
|footnotes=
}}

'''Sri Shreedhara Swami Maharaj''' (7 December 1908 – 19 April 1973) was an Indian prominent [[Kannada language|Kannada]]-[[Marathi language|Marathi]] saint and religious poet in the [[Hindu]] tradition. Shreedhar Swami was a devotee of Lord [[Rama|Ram]] and a disciple of [[Samarth Ramdas]]. Recognised as the incarnation of Adi Guru Sri [[Dattatreya]]

==Early life==
Sri Shreedhara Swami Maharaj was born in a [[Brahmin]] family to Narayan Rao and Kamalabai Deglurkar on 7 December 1908 in [[Lad Chincholi]], Karnataka. He was born on Datta jayanti in the evening when the chariot carrying Guru Datta was passing by the house. He was born as a boon given by Adi guru [[Dattatreya]] to his parents, as they prayed to adi guru [[Dattatreya]] to be born as their child. He was a devotee of Lord [[Rama|Ram]] and a disciple of [[Samarth Ramdas]]. When Shreedhara Swami was 3 years old he lost his father and thereafter his mother and elder brother Trimbak took care of the family. Young Shreedhara was admitted to a school in [[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]] for his primary education. Since the very early days he was spiritually inclined. One recorded incident from his early childhood is as follows: He had once fallen very ill and had lost a lot of days at school because of it. Thus he feared that he might fail in the examinations. His mother then told him to constantly chant the name of Lord Ram and that he would see him through the exams. He solemnly started doing that so much so that he finally did not do any studies at all and all the time chanted the name of Ram. On the day of examination he went without reading anything and to the surprise of everybody he answered every question so nicely that he did secure first rank.
Shreedhar Swami's elder brother died when he (Shreedhar) was just ten. His mother, unable to cope with the shock and prolonged illness, soon followed him. After her death Shreedhar Swami went to [[Gulbarga]] to live with his aunt and continued his education there. After spending a few years in Gulbarga, he headed for Pune where he lived in an [[orphanage]] for sometime. Here his urge for spiritual enlightenment grew and on the suggestion of one Mr. Palnitkar, he embarked on a journey to [[Sajjangad]] with the intent of seeking spiritual knowledge at the place where Shri Samarth Ramdas had resided nearly three hundred years ago.

==Sajjangad and Spiritual Awakening==
During the course of time, he got well-acquainted with one of his teachers at school, Shri palnitkar Guruji. Discovering Sridhar's intense inclination towards spiritualism, he advised him to solicit the blessings of Samartha Ramdas Swamiji. [[Sajjangad]] was the abode of Swami [[Samarth Ramdas]] for the last six years of his life. Legend has it that a stone structure (his Samadhi) surged out of its own at the cremation place of Shri Samartha on the very next day of his nirvana.
His yearning for a spiritual awakening at this point can be gauged by the fact that he started to dispose all his money to the poor and the remaining he just threw. He liked a particular sweet dish, so he bought it, kept it in front of Lord Ram's idol and then mixed cow dung in it and ate it. Now he could not even think about the dish he once liked so much. On the day of departure to Sajjangad, Which also coincided with Vijayadashmi, he suddenly felt that he was going there to find out the creator of the universe who had control over the living, nonliving things and also time and space.
After one and a half years of having arrived at Sajjangad, [[Samarth Ramdas]] himself blessed Shreedhar Swami. Later, he directed him to go south to Karnataka and spread the real message of [[Sanatan Vedic Dharma]].

==Touring India for religious Revival==
For the next thirteen years, Shreedhar Swami toured most of south India on foot. He used to halt at temples and Mathas where he would deliver discourses on Sanatan Vedic Dharma for religious upheaval. During his travels he made acquaintances with many other well known [[Hindu]] religious leaders and saints. The most significant of these was with Sivananda Swami of [[Shigehalli]]. He also visited the [[Vivekananda Rock Memorial]] and performed meditation there. In 1942, Shreedhar Swami took [[Sannyasa]] at Shigehalli and was accorded the title, 'Shreemat Paramhans Parivrajakacharya Bhagwan Shreedhar Swami'. After this till 1967, he extensively toured all over India and through his speeches, writings and spiritual initiatives, spread the core messages of the Vedas among common people. He, returned south to [[Varadapura]] in 1967 where he set up an ashram. He practised, held Hindu exorcism in various holy places, temples including Kolgibis (Kumta road), to drive ghosts, spirits out of any hosts body they have taken over, using his mantradanada staff.

==Final Days==
On the first day of the second half of the first month of the Hindu calendar, Swamiji's health deteriorated. The disciples again pleaded for bringing a doctor, but Swamiji again refused and told them that [[Samarth Ramdas]] had told that the bodily pains should be considered as pleasures. He enquired what day was the next one and when told about that he knew that it was a day for very auspicious things, but didn't tell it to anyone. Then as usual he took bath thrice, had a little milk and rested for a while in the night and spent the rest of the time in sahaj Samadhi avastha.
Swamiji got up the next morning at 5 am. After the morning chores he sat in meditation for a while. He came out of the meditation room at 8 am. The disciples requested him to have some milk, to which he agreed and again sat in meditation. Swamiji in sitting position and in meditation twice said 'Om, Om' and then from the upper side of his body through the head he made his soul leave his body to be eternally unified with the Parbramha. Despite this his posture didn't change nor did his facial expressions. In fact the aura around his face became brighter for a while. This was at 9 am. on 19 April 1973.
After a while Swamiji had attained the Ultimate [[Samadhi]]. On hearing this all hell broke loose over the ashram. The news spread like a wild fire as it was announced over the [[All India Radio]] and Swamiji's disciples started coming to Varadpur. His body was placed on a specially made bed of flowers.

== Writings—Spreading The Message ==
Shreedhar Swami was a gifted composer and fluent in [[Marathi language|Marathi]], [[Sanskrit]], [[Kannada]], [[Hindi]] and English. All through his extensive travelling, he managed to spare some time for religious writing. His aim was to simplify the complex nuances of vedic teaching into a form that would be easily digestible to the common man.
{{blockquote|Unclutter the day and create windows of silence for the mind. Windows which catch the light of peace and clarity. Windows which let oxygen into the mind.<ref name=times>{{cite news|last=Space|first=Sacred|title=Avoid Clutter |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-07-06/edit-page/28193097_1_nature-attachments-real-challenge|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103081153/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-07-06/edit-page/28193097_1_nature-attachments-real-challenge|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|accessdate=20 September 2012 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=6 July 2009}}</ref>}}
He wrote prolifically and wrote over twenty books in Marathi, Kannada and English.

==Landmarks==
Here's a brief overview of the key milestones in his life:<ref name="scribd">{{cite web|last=scribd.com|title=Milestones|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/16885616/Shri-Shridhar-Swami-Biography-English |publisher=SCRIBD online library, Sanfransisco|accessdate=20 September 2012}}</ref>
*7 December 1908: Birth at Lad Chincholi, Gulbarga, Karnataka
*1912-1923: Education at [[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]]
*1923-1927: Spent time at Pune and [[Sajjangad]]
*1927: Received blessings from Samarth Ramadas
*1942: Became a [[Sanyasi]] at Shigehalli and began touring South India and later North India, giving spiritual discourses and sparking a religious upheaval
*1958-1973: Undertook sadhana and settled at [[Varadapura]], [[Sagara, Karnataka|Sagar]], Karnataka, established [[ashram]]
*19 April 1973: Passed away at Varadapur, Sagar, fulfilling his own wish

==References==
{{reflist}}
* Sri Sridhar Charita [https://shridharsahitya.wordpress.com/3660-2/]
* The Dharma Dispatch [https://www.dharmadispatch.in/culture/the-daily-routine-of-sadguru-sri-sridhara-swami-maharaj-as-a-student]
* Sri Kshetra Varadapura official website [https://sridharashrama.org/sri-sridhara-swamiji/]

==External links==
*[http://www.sadgurubhagwanshreedharswamimaharaj.com/ Website]
*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/43453489@N07/ Photos]
*[https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=appinventor.ai_rasucha.Shreedhara_Sarvaswam Free Android App on Shri Shreedhara Swamiji]
*[https://shridharsahitya.wordpress.com/ Online books, songs, stotras and pravachans of Shri Shreedhara Swami ji]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJCSdfZPE5A Very rare video of Shrimat PP Bhagwan Shri Shridhar Swami Maharaj]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shreedhar}}
[[Category:Marathi-language writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Hindu religious leaders]]
[[Category:1908 births]]
[[Category:1973 deaths]]
[[Category:Vaishnava saints]]
[[Category:Marathi Hindu saints]]

Kakraban Assembly constituency

2026-04-16T04:31:00Z

Heymfaizanali: Starting basic stub added tags

{{Short description|Constituency of the Tripura legislative assembly in India}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Kakraban
| type= SLA
| state = [[Tripura]]
| established = 1971
| abolished = 2008
| electors = 30,203
| mla = Kashab Chandra Majumder
| party = {{Party index link|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
| constituency_no =
| latest_election_year = [[2008 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|2008]]
| district =
| loksabha_cons =
| reservation =
}}
'''Kakraban Assembly constituency''' was an assembly constituency in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Tripura]].

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
| [[1972 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|1972]] || Ajit Ranjan Ghosh || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1977 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|1977]] || rowspan=7 | Kashab Chandra Majumder || {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|rowspan=7}}
|-
| [[1983 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|1983]]
|-
| [[1988 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|1988]]
|-
| [[1993 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|1993]]
|-
| [[1998 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|1998]]
|-
| [[2003 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|2003]]
|-
| [[2008 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|2008]]
|}
== Election results ==
===Assembly Election 2008 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2008 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]] : Kakraban<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2008 to the Legislative Assembly of Tripura |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-TRI98.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006160344/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-TRI98.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Kashab Chandra Majumder |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=16,659 |percentage=58.87% |change={{decrease}}3.93 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Rajib Samaddar |party=Indian National Congress |votes=10,638 |percentage=37.60% |change={{increase}}3.38 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Uttam Deb |party=Independent politician |votes=521 |percentage=1.84% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Basana Adhikari |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=478 |percentage=1.69% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=6,021 |percentage=21.28% |change= {{decrease}}7.31 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=28,296 |percentage=93.81% |change= {{increase}}9.51 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 30,203 |ref = |change= {{increase}}1.46 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= {{decrease}}3.93 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2003 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2003 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]] : Kakraban<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Tripura|title=Form 20 {{!}} Final Result Sheet {{!}} General Election to the Tripura Legislative Assembly - 2003 |url=http://ceotripura.nic.in/sites/default/files/2024-01/Form20_2003.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240228165918/http://ceotripura.nic.in/sites/default/files/2024-01/Form20_2003.pdf|archive-date=28 February 2024 |access-date = 20 June 2020}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Kashab Chandra Majumder |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=15,736 |percentage=62.80% |change={{increase}}6.76 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Rajib Samaddar |party=Indian National Congress |votes=8,573 |percentage=34.21% |change={{decrease}}4.96 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Barun Kumar Jamatia |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes=297 |percentage=1.19% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Rati Ranjan Das |party=Independent politician |votes=256 |percentage=1.02% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Dilip Debnath |party=Independent politician |votes=195 |percentage=0.78% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=7,163 |percentage=28.59% |change= {{increase}}11.72 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=25,057 |percentage=84.21% |change= {{increase}}2.69 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 29,768 |ref = |change= {{increase}}12.38 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= {{increase}}6.76 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1998 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1998 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]] : Kakraban<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1998 to the Legislative Assembly of Tripura |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-TRI98.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006160344/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-TRI98.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Kashab Chandra Majumder |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=12,096 |percentage=56.04% |change={{increase}}1.94 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gouranga Dhar |party=Indian National Congress |votes=8,455 |percentage=39.17% |change={{increase}}11.25 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Hirudhan Deb |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=746 |percentage=3.46% |change={{increase}}2.29 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Manindra Murasingh |party=Independent politician |votes=127 |percentage=0.59% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=3,641 |percentage=16.87% |change= {{decrease}}9.31 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=21,584 |percentage=82.94% |change= {{decrease}}0.43 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 26,489 |ref = |change= }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= {{increase}}1.94 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1993 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1993 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]] : Kakraban<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1993 to the Legislative Assembly of Tripura |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1993/Statistical%20Report%201993%20Tripura.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006065326/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1993/Statistical%20Report%201993%20Tripura.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Kashab Chandra Majumder |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=11,202 |percentage=54.10% |change={{decrease}}2.91 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Subrata Dhar |party=Indian National Congress |votes=5,782 |percentage=27.93% |change={{decrease}}14.24 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Lakshmi Nag (Bagman) |party=Independent politician |votes=3,193 |percentage=15.42% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Hirudhan Deb |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=241 |percentage=1.16% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Jitendra Majumder |party=Independent politician |votes=126 |percentage=0.61% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=5,420 |percentage=26.18% |change= {{increase}}11.32 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=20,705 |percentage=83.02% |change= {{decrease}}5.16 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 25,276 |ref = |change= }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= {{decrease}}2.91 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1988 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1988 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]] : Kakraban<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1988 to the Legislative Assembly of Tripura |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1988/Statistical%20Report%20Tripura%201988.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006100546/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1988/Statistical%20Report%20Tripura%201988.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Kashab Chandra Majumder |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=10,372 |percentage=57.01% |change={{increase}}5.01 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Subrata Dhar |party=Indian National Congress |votes=7,670 |percentage=42.16% |change={{decrease}}5.21 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Lalit Dutta |party=Independent politician |votes=150 |percentage=0.82% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=2,702 |percentage=14.85% |change= {{increase}}10.22 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=18,192 |percentage=88.21% |change= {{increase}}1.07 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 20,893 |ref = |change= {{increase}}13.18 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1983 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1983 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]] : Kakraban<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1983 to the Legislative Assembly of Tripura |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/StatisticalReport%20Tripura%201983.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006044341/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/StatisticalReport%20Tripura%201983.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Kashab Chandra Majumder |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=8,256 |percentage=52.00% |change={{decrease}}1.70 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Nanik Chandra Das |party=Indian National Congress |votes=7,521 |percentage=47.37% |change={{increase}}23.57 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Shibu Chandra Debnath |party=Independent politician |votes=99 |percentage=0.62% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=735 |percentage=4.63% |change= {{decrease}}25.26 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=15,876 |percentage=87.28% |change= {{increase}}5.29 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 18,460 |ref = |change= {{increase}}17.99 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1977 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1977 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]] : Kakraban<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1977 to the Legislative Assembly of Tripura |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReport%201977%20Tripura.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613130016/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReport%201977%20Tripura.pdf|archive-date=13 June 2018|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Kashab Chandra Majumder |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=6,781 |percentage=53.70% |change={{increase}}17.37 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ajit Ranjan Ghosh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=3,006 |percentage=23.80% |change={{decrease}}19.39 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Tapan Kumar Sarkar |party=Tripura Pradesh Congress Committee |votes=1,087 |percentage=8.61% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gajendra Mura Sing |party=Tripura Upajati Juba Samiti |votes=1,036 |percentage=8.20% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Amalendu Majumder |party=Janata Party |votes=718 |percentage=5.69% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=3,775 |percentage=29.89% |change= {{increase}}23.03 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=12,628 |percentage=82.71% |change= {{increase}}13.81 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 15,646 |ref = |change= {{increase}}33.48 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}10.51 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1972 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1972 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]] : Kakraban<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1972 to the Legislative Assembly of Tripura |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_TP_72.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006023438/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_TP_72.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Ajit Ranjan Ghosh |party=Indian National Congress |votes=3,387 |percentage=43.19% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Kashab Chandra Majumder |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=2,849 |percentage=36.33% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Kamini Kumar Das |party=Independent politician |votes=861 |percentage=10.98% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Manik Chandra Das |party=Independent politician |votes=745 |percentage=9.50% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=538 |percentage=6.86% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=7,842 |percentage=69.40% |change= }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 11,722 |ref = |change= }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Indian National Congress |loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Tripura}}

{{coord missing|Tripura}}

[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Tripura]]
[[Category:Politics of Tripura]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1971]]
[[Category:1971 establishments in Tripura]]
[[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 2008]]
[[Category:2008 disestablishments in India]]
[[Category:Long stubs with short prose]]
{{Tripura-geo-stub}}

List of Malayalam films of 2023

2026-04-15T06:23:18Z

Heymfaizanali: Starting initial post from scratch

{{Short description|None}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2024}}
{{Malayalam films}}
This is a list of [[Malayalam film]]s that released in [[2023 in film|2023]].

250 Malayalam films released in 2023, most of them in [[Movie theater|theatres]] and some directly on [[Over-the-top media service|OTT]] platforms.

==Box office collection==
The highest-grossing [[Malayalam cinema]] films released in 2023, by worldwide [[box office]] [[gross revenue]], are as follows:

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Highest worldwide gross of 2023
! Rank
! Title
! Production company
! Gross
! Ref
|-
|1
|''[[2018 (film)|2018]]''
|Kavya Film Company
|{{INR|177 crores}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Jatinder |date=16 June 2023 |title=2018 worldwide closing box office collections; Biggest Malayalam film of all time |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/2018-worldwide-closing-box-office-collections-biggest-malayalam-film-of-all-time-1226013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618065618/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/2018-worldwide-closing-box-office-collections-biggest-malayalam-film-of-all-time-1226013 |archive-date=18 June 2023 |access-date=5 October 2023 |website=Pinkvilla |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2
|''[[Neru (film)|Neru]]''
| [[Aashirvad Cinemas]]
|{{INR|86 crores}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=honey |title=മഞ്ഞുമ്മല്‍ ബോയ്സും, പ്രേമലുവും കുതിച്ച് കയറി; പിന്നിലേക്ക് പോയത് മമ്മൂട്ടിയുടെയും ലാലിന്‍റെയും ഹിറ്റുകള്‍.! |url=https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment/box-office/mammootty-mohanlal-hits-out-from-5-highest-grossing-malayalam-films-list-after-entry-of-manjummel-boys-and-premalu-vvk-sabyh3 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204062449/https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment/box-office/mohanlal-starrer-neru-overseas-collection-report-out-earns-more-than-32-4-crore-hrk-s7pq9q |archive-date=4 February 2024 |access-date=4 February 2024 |website=[[Asianet News]] |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-01-18 |title='Neru' box office collections day 27: Mohanlal's film dominates overseas; mints more than Rs 32 crores |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/neru-box-office-collections-mohanlals-film-dominates-overseas/articleshow/106949938.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2024-01-21 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
|3
|''[[RDX: Robert Dony Xavier]]''
|[[Weekend Blockbusters]]
|{{INR|84.55 crores}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=nirmal |title=ഒടുവില്‍ 'കുറുപ്പും' വീണു, മുന്നിലുള്ളത് 'ഭീഷ്‍മ'; മലയാളത്തിലെ എക്കാലത്തെയും അഞ്ചാമത്തെ ഹിറ്റ് ആയി ആര്‍ഡിഎക്സ് |url=https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment/box-office/rdx-now-5th-all-time-biggest-hit-in-malayalam-cinema-surpassed-kurup-next-is-bheeshma-parvam-dulquer-salmaan-mammootty-nsn-s160ki |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926030731/https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment/box-office/rdx-now-5th-all-time-biggest-hit-in-malayalam-cinema-surpassed-kurup-next-is-bheeshma-parvam-dulquer-salmaan-mammootty-nsn-s160ki |archive-date=26 September 2023 |access-date=19 September 2023 |website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=18 September 2023 |title='RDX' box office collection day 24: Shane Nigam's film roars past Rs 84 crores |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/box-office/rdx-box-office-collection-day-24-shane-nigams-film-roars-past-rs-84-crores/articleshow/103751455.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live |access-date=19 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231004082555/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/box-office/rdx-box-office-collection-day-24-shane-nigams-film-roars-past-rs-84-crores/articleshow/103751455.cms?from=mdr |archive-date=4 October 2023 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=honey |title=ചെറിയ ബജറ്റ്, വമ്പൻ ജയം, കോടികളുടെ ബിസിനസ്, ആര്‍ഡിഎക്സിന്റെ ലാഭക്കണക്കുകള്‍ അമ്പരപ്പിക്കും |url=https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment/box-office/shanes-rdx-crosses-100-crores-worldwide-business-neeraj-madhav-starrer-film-budget-profit-details-hrk-s1hivt |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101194750/https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment/box-office/shanes-rdx-crosses-100-crores-worldwide-business-neeraj-madhav-starrer-film-budget-profit-details-hrk-s1hivt |archive-date=1 November 2023 |access-date=1 November 2023 |website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|4
|''[[Kannur Squad]]''
|Mammootty Kampany
|{{INR|82 crores}}
|<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/top-highest-grossing-mollywood-films-worldwide-2018-tops-with-143-crores-in-20-days-1222765|title=Top highest grossing Mollywood films worldwide; 2018 tops with 143 crores in 20 days|date=25 May 2023|website=PINKVILLA}}</ref>
|-
|5
|''[[Romancham]]''
|Guppy Cinemas
|{{INR|70 crores}}
|<ref name="auto1"/>
|-
|6
|''[[King of Kotha]]''
| Warfare films
[[Zee Studios]]
|{{INR|38.33 crores}}
|<ref name="auto1"/>
|-
|7
|''[[Garudan (2023 film)|Garudan]]''
| Magic Framce
|{{INR|27 crores}}
|<ref name="auto1"/>
|-
|8
|''[[Voice of Sathyanathan]]''
| Badhusha Cinemas & 2 production companies
|{{INR|23 crores}}
|<ref name="auto1"/>
|-
|9
|''[[Pachuvum Athbutha Vilakkum]]''
|Full moon cinemas
|{{INR|17.20 crores}}
|<ref name="auto1"/>
|-
|10
|''[[Falimy]]''
| Cheere Entertainment
|{{INR|17.10 crores}}
|<ref name="auto1"/>
|}

== January – March ==
{| class="wikidiv"
|-
| rowspan= 2 style="text-align:center; background:#ecfeff;"| *
| Film released directly on OTT platform(s).
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="2" class="unsortable" |Opening
!Title
!Director
!Cast
!Production company / Studio
!Ref
|-
| rowspan="15" style="text-align:center; background:#C19A6B; textcolor:#000;" |'''J A N U A R Y'''
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#F5DEB3;"|'''1'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Choodu''
|Arun Kishore
|Yamuna Chungapalli, Vijilesh Karayad
|BG9 Film House
|<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=vinay_ops |title=Choodu on Saina Play |url=https://www.binged.com/streaming-premiere-dates/choodu-streaming-online-watch/ |access-date=2023-01-03 |website=Binged |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=www.ayyo.in |title=മോഹത്തിന്റെ കഥ പറയുന്ന 'ചൂട് ' |url=http://ayyo.in/Cinema_more.php?page=508 |access-date=2023-01-03 |website=ayyo.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Dinesh |first=A. S. |date=2022-12-31 |title=ചൂട് ട്രെയിലർ സൈന പ്ലേയിലൂടെ.. |url=https://www.4starnews.in/choodu-trailer-by-Saina-Play |access-date=2023-01-03 |website=Four star news |language=ml |archive-date=2023-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103050315/https://www.4starnews.in/choodu-trailer-by-Saina-Play |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;background:#F5DEB3;" |'''6'''
|''[[Djinn (2023 film)|Djinn]]''
|[[Sidharth Bharathan]]
|[[Soubin Shahir]], [[Sharaf U Dheen]], [[Shine Tom Chacko]], [[Santhy Balachandran]], [[Leona Lishoy]], [[Jaffar Idukki]]
|Straightline Cinemas
|<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment-news/djinn-releasing-tomorrow-soubin-shahir-sidharth-bharathan-ro0v2b |title=തടസങ്ങള്‍ ഒഴിവായി; 'ജിന്ന്' നാളെ മുതല്‍ |date=5 January 2023 |access-date=5 January 2023 |work=Asianet News}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Ennalum Ente Aliya]]''
| Bash Mohammed
| [[Suraj Venjaramoodu]], [[Gayatri Arun]], [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]], [[Lena (actress)|Lenaa]]
| [[Magic Frames]]
| <ref>{{cite news|url=https://m.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2022/dec/08/suraj-venjaramoodus-ennalum-nte-aliya-gets-release-date-37521.amp |title=Suraj Venjaramoodu's Ennalum Nte Aliya gets release date |date=8 December 2022 |work=Cinema Express |access-date=2 January 2023}}</ref>
|-
| ''Theru''
| S. J. Sinu
| [[Amith Chakalakkal]], [[Kalabhavan Shajon]], [[Baburaj (actor)|Baburaj]], [[Sanju Sivram]], [[Sminu Sijo]]
| Blue Hill Nael Communications, Nile and Blue Hill Motion Pictures
| <ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/theru-teaser-amith-chakalakkal-starrer-promises-a-pulsating-thriller/articleshow/91703731.cms |title='Theru' teaser: Amith Chakalakkal starrer promises a pulsating thriller |date=21 May 2022 |access-date=2 January 2023 |work=The Times Of India}}</ref>
|-
| ''Iru''
| Fr. Varghese Lal
| Rajeev Rajan, Nayana Elza, [[Dain Davis]], [[Renji Panicker]]
| Shakesphere Pictures
| <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2022/12/26/first-feature-film-kerala-priest-set-for-release.html |title=First feature film by a Kerala priest all set for release |date=26 December 2022 |access-date=2 January 2023 |work=OnManorama}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Othello adaptation Iru is a tale of caste politics |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/jan/06/othello-adaptation-iru-is-a-tale-of-caste-politics-38454.html |access-date=2023-04-10 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=6 January 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Chasing Days''
|Paul Aantonn
|Laison John, Raghunath, Sajeev Ashtami, Anjaly
|Maipapa Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chasing Days (2023) - Movie {{!}} Reviews, Cast & Release Date in kochi - BookMyShow |url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/chasing-days/ET00349274 |access-date=2023-01-07 |website=in.bookmyshow.com}}</ref>
|-
|''Sofi''
|Joby Vayalumkal
|Swati Tyagi, Dhanuja Reddy, Dibin V, Aneesh Ravi, Khadeeja Shareef
|Vayalumkal Films
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sofi (2023) - Movie {{!}} Reviews, Cast & Release Date in kochi - BookMyShow |url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/sofi/ET00349351 |access-date=2023-01-06 |website=in.bookmyshow.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sofi {{!}} സോഫി: Madeness of Love (2023) - Mallu Release {{!}} Watch Malayalam Full Movies |url=https://www.mallurelease.com/2022/11/sofi-madeness-of-love.html |access-date=2023-01-06 |language=english}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#F5DEB3;"| '''19'''
| ''[[Nanpakal Nerathu Mayakkam]]''
| [[Lijo Jose Pellissery]]
| [[Mammootty]], [[Ashokan (actor)|Ashokan]], [[Ramya Pandian]], [[Kainakary Thankaraj]]
| Mammootty Kampany, Amen Movie Monastery
| <ref>{{cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/mammoottys-film-nanpakal-nerathu-mayakkam-gets-release-date-8366013|title=Mammootty's film Nanpakal Nerathu Mayakkam gets release date |date=6 January 2023 |work=The Indian Express |access-date=13 January 2023}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;background:#F5DEB3;" | '''20'''
| ''[[Ayisha (2023 film)|Ayisha]]''
| Aamir Pallikkal
| [[Manju Warrier]], [[Krishna Sankar]], [[Radhika (Malayalam actress)|Raadhika]]
| Feather Touch Movie Box, Cross Border Camera, Imagin Cinemas Last Exit
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 December 2022 |title= Manju Warrier's 'Ayisha' gets a release date |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2022/dec/10/manju-warriers-ayishagets-a-release-date-2526629.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221224090537/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2022/dec/10/manju-warriers-ayishagets-a-release-date-2526629.html |archive-date=24 December 2022 |access-date=24 December 2022 |website= [[The New Indian Express]] |language=English
}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Poovan]]''
| Vineeth Vasudevan
| [[Antony Varghese]], [[Sajin Cherukayil]], Vineeth Vasudevan, Vineeth Vishwam, [[Akhila Bhargavan]], Anishma Anilkumar
| Shebin Backer Productions Stuck Cows
| <ref>{{Cite web |date=20 December 2022 |title= Antony Varghese's Upcoming Film Poovan's New Song Palli Medayil Out Now |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/antony-vargheses-upcoming-film-poovans-new-song-palli-medayil-out-now-6658129.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221224091633/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/antony-vargheses-upcoming-film-poovans-new-song-palli-medayil-out-now-6658129.html |archive-date=24 December 2022 |access-date=24 December 2022 |website= [[News18 India]] |language=English
}}</ref>
|-
|''Premika''
|Sajeev Kilikulam
|Sajeev Kilikulam
|Jayendranath Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/rewa/movies/premika/ET00350495|title=Premika (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in rewa- BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://filmgappa.com/premika-malayalam-film-upcoming/|title=Premika - Malayalam Film - Upcoming|date=30 January 2020}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Thel''
|Shafi SS
|Dayana Hameed, Nandu Anand, Sajan Palluruthy
|Tanveer Creations
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Admin |date=2021-10-23 |title=വിഭ ജയപ്രകാശിന്‍റെ സ്വരസിദ്ധിയിൽ മറ്റൊരു മെലഡി ഇന്ദ്രജാലം....-Song from the movie Thel |url=https://silma.in/song-from-the-movie-thel/ |access-date=2023-01-21 |website=Silma.in |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://malayalam.filmibeat.com/movies/thel.html|title=Thel (2023) Movie: കാസ്റ്റ് & ക്രു, റിലീസ് ഡേറ്റ്, ട്രൈലെർ, സോങ്‌സ്, നിരൂപണം, തേള്‍ വാർത്തകൾ, ഫോട്ടോസ്, വീഡിയോസ് - Filmibeat Malayalam|website=FilmiBeat}}</ref>
|-
| ''Vanitha''
| Rahim Khadder
| [[Lena (actress)|Lena]], [[Salim Kumar]], [[Seema G. Nair]], Navas Vallikunnu
| Shutter Sound Entertainment
| <ref>{{cite news|url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/photo-gallery/cinema/actress-lena-new-pics-goes-viral-on-social-media/amp_photoshow/96917475.cms |title=കരിയറിലെ ശക്തമായ കഥാപാത്രം; വീണ്ടും പൊലീസ് വേഷത്തിൽ ലെന |date=12 January 2023 |access-date=13 January 2023 | work=Malayalam Samayam}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#F5DEB3;"| '''26'''
| ''[[Alone (2023 film)|Alone]]''
| [[Shaji Kailas]]
| [[Mohanlal]]
| [[Aashirvad Cinemas]]
| <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/mohanlals-alone-trailer-out-shaji-kailas-film-to-release-on-january-26-2316126-2023-01-02|title=Mohanlal's Alone trailer out. Shaji Kailas' film to release on January 26 |date=2 January 2023 |access-date=2 January 2023 |work=India Today}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Thankam (film)|Thankam]]''
|Saheedh Arafath
|[[Biju Menon]], [[Vineeth Sreenivasan]], [[Girish Kulkarni]], [[Aparna Balamurali]], [[Kalaiyarasan]]
|Working Class Heros, Fahadh Fasil and Friends
|<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2023/Jan/05/vineeth-sreenivasan-biju-menon-film-thankam-gets-release-date-2534694.html |title=Vineeth Sreenivasan-Biju Menon film 'Thankam' gets release date |date=5 January 2023 |access-date=6 January 2023 |work=The New Indian Express}}</ref>
|- February!
| rowspan="24" style="text-align:center; background:#8DB600; textcolor:#000;" |'''F E B R U A R Y'''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#A8E4A0;" | '''1'''
|''The Hope''
|Joy Kallukaran
|[[Lenaa|Lena]], [[Srikant Murali]], [[Sijoy Varghese]], [[Sunil Sukhada]]
|Logos Films
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Hope (2023) - Movie {{!}} Reviews, Cast & Release Date |url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/the-hope/ET00351335?utm_source=FBLIKE&fbrefresh=1 |access-date=2026-04-15 |website=BookMyShow |language=en-IN}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="6" style="text-align:center; background:#A8E4A0;" | '''3'''
| ''[[Iratta]]''
| Rohith M. G.
| [[Joju George]], [[Anjali (actress)|Anjali]], Meenakshi Dinesh, [[Arya Salim]], [[Srinda]], [[Pooja Mohanraj]], [[Srikant Murali]]
| Appu Paathu Pappu Productions, Martin Prakkat Films
| <ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/joju-george-starrer-iratta-to-release-on-february/articleshow/96939514.cms |title=Joju George starrer 'Iratta' to release on February |date=12 January 2023 |work=The Times Of India | access-date=13 January 2023}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Romancham]]''
|Jithu Madhavan
|[[Soubin Shahir]], [[Arjun Ashokan]], [[Chemban Vinod Jose]], [[Sajin Gopu]], [[Siju Sunny]]
|Johnpaul George Productions, Guppy Productions
|<ref>{{cite news|url=https://zeenews.india.com/malayalam/movies/romancham-movie-release-date-announced-soubin-shahir-starrer-movie-set-to-release-on-2023-february-3-123509 |title=Romancham Movie: ഇനി വൈകില്ല!!! സൗബിന്റെ 'രോമാഞ്ചം' തിയേറ്ററുകളിലേക്ക്; റിലീസ് പ്രഖ്യാപിച്ചു |date=21 January 2023 |access-date=3 February 2023 |work=Zee News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Soubin Shahir, Arjun Ashokan-starrer Romancham gets a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/jan/20/soubin-shahir-arjun-ashokan-starrer-romancham-gets-a-release-date-39042.html |access-date=2023-02-03 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=20 January 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''[[Vasanthi (2021 film)|Vasanthi]]''
|Shinos Rahman & Sajas Rahman
|[[Swasika]], [[Siju Wilson]], [[Shabareesh Varma]]
|Wilson Pictures
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=2019ലെ മികച്ച ചിത്രം റിലീസായത് ഇന്നലെ; വൈകിയത് എന്തുകൊണ്ടെന്നു നായിക പറയുന്നു |url=https://malayalam.indianexpress.com/entertainment/swasika-vijay-says-about-the-delay-to-release-vasanthi-movie-best-feature-film-kerala-state-750551/ |access-date=2023-02-06 |website=Indian Express Malayalam |date=5 February 2023 |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Vedikettu (2023 film)|Vedikkettu]]''
|[[Vishnu Unnikrishnan]], [[Bibin George]]
|[[Vishnu Unnikrishnan]], [[Bibin George]], Aishwarya Anil Kumar, Samad Sulaiman
|Sree Gokulam Movies
|<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/vedikkettu-trailer-vishnu-unnikrishnan-and-bibin-george-to-lock-horns-in-this-action-drama/articleshow/97242480.cms |title='Vedikkettu' trailer: Vishnu Unnikrishnan and Bibin George to lock horns in this action drama |date=23 January 2023 |access-date=3 February 2023 |work=The Times Of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://m.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/jan/15/vishnu-unnikrishnan-bibin-george-starrer-vedikettu-gets-a-release-date-38778.amp |title=Vishnu Unnikrishnan-Bibin George starrer Vedikettu gets a release date |date=15 January 2023 |access-date=3 February 2023 |work=Cinema Express}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Momo In Dubai]]''
| Ameen Aslam
| [[Anu Sithara]], [[Johny Antony]], [[Aju Varghese]], [[Hareesh Kanaran]], [[Aneesh G. Menon]], Albert Gayo
| Imagine Cinemas, Cross Border Camera
| <ref>{{cite news|url=https://m.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/jan/05/momo-in-dubai-in-gets-a-release-date-38437.amp |title=Momo in Dubai gets a release date |date=5 January 2023 |access-date=13 January 2023 |work=The Cinema Express}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/regional/malayalam/momo-in-dubai-gets-a-release-date/videoshow/96834027.cms |title='Momo in Dubai' gets a release date |date=6 January 2023 |access-date=13 January 2023 |work=The Times Of India}}</ref>
|-
|''IPC 302''
|Shaju R
|Aristo Suresh, Ramesh Valiyasala
|Halfmoon Cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/ipc-302/ET00351522|title=IPC 302 (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#A8E4A0;"| '''9'''
| ''[[Christopher (film)|Christopher]]''
| [[B. Unnikrishnan]]
| [[Mammootty]], [[Vinay Rai]], [[Sneha (actress)|Sneha]], [[Amala Paul]], [[Aishwarya Lekshmi]], [[Shine Tom Chacko]]
| [[RD Illuminations]]
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=Mammootty starrer 'Christopher' gets a release date! |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/mammootty-starrer-christopher-gets-a-release-date/articleshow/97514707.cms |access-date=2023-02-01 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#A8E4A0;"| '''10'''
| ''[[Rekha (2023 film)|Rekha]]''
| Jithin Issac Thomas
| [[Vincy Aloshious]], Unni Lalu
| Stone Bench Films and Originals
| <ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/rekha-teaser-vincy-aloshious-unni-lalus-crackling-chemistry-will-keep-you-hooked/articleshow/97244746.cms |title='Rekha' teaser: Vincy Aloshious - Unni Lalu's crackling chemistry will keep you hooked |date=23 January 2023 |access-date=3 February 2023 |work=The Times Of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment-news/vincy-aloshious-movie-rekha-official-teaser-rowa5k |title=കാര്‍ത്തിക് സുബ്ബരാജ് അവതരിപ്പിക്കുന്ന 'രേഖ'; രസിപ്പിച്ച് ടീസർ, റിലീസ് ഫെബ്രുവരിയിൽ |date=22 January 2023 |access-date=3 February 2023 |work=Asianet News}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#A8E4A0;" | '''17'''
| ''[[Enkilum Chandrike]]''
| Aadithyan Chandrashekaran
|[[Suraj Venjaramoodu]], [[Basil Joseph]], [[Saiju Kurup]], [[Niranjana Anoop]], [[Tanvi Ram]]
| [[Friday Film House]]
| <ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/enkilum-chandrike-release-date-suraj-venjaramoodu-starrer-to-hit-the-big-screens-on-this-date/articleshow/97371980.cms |title='Enkilum Chandrike' release date: Suraj Venjaramoodu starrer to hit the big screens on THIS date |date=27 January 2023 |access-date=3 February 2023 |work=The Times Of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://m.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/jan/19/basil-josephs-enkilum-chandrike-gets-a-release-date-38995 |title=Basil Joseph's Enkilum Chandrike gets a release date |date=19 January 2023 |access-date=3 February 2023 |work=Cinema Express }}{{Dead link|date=December 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Christy (2023 film)|Christy]]''
| Alvin Henry
| [[Malavika Mohanan]], [[Mathew Thomas]]
| Rocky Mountain Cinemas
| <ref>{{Cite web |title='Christy' is not 'Malena', clarifies Malavika Mohanan |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2023/jan/29/christy-is-not-malena-clarifies-malavika-mohanan-2542488.html |access-date=2023-01-29 |website=The New Indian Express|date=29 January 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Teaser of Malavika Mohanan and Mathew Thomas' 'Christy' out! |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/teaser-of-malavika-mohanan-and-mathew-thomas-christy-out/articleshow/97419439.cms |access-date=2023-01-29 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Dear Vaappi]]''
| Shan Thulaseedharan
| [[Lal (actor)|Lal]], Niranjan Raju, Anagha Narayanan
| Crown Films
| <ref>{{Cite news |title=Dear VaappiU |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movie-details/dear-vaappi/movieshow/93347763.cms |access-date=2023-02-18 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Her Story''
|K S Karthik
|Anuroop O A, Anjali Devi, Ajayan Madakkal, Sujeesh
|Moviola Studios, FN Entertainments
|<ref>{{Cite web |title= Her Story release poster|url=https://mott-img.b-cdn.net/q100-efalse-ptrue-fauto-w500/https://cdn6.mogiio.com/62e8c67b6034ef4376b9a054/2023/02/16/vertical-thumbnails/herstory620x877.jpeg}}</ref>
<ref>{{Cite web |title=Prime Video: Her Story - Malayalam Full Movie |url=https://www.primevideo.com/detail/Her-Story---Malayalam-Full-Movie/0U7VHO782SR78RUQ5O8P9C9UWR |access-date=2024-01-01 |website=www.primevideo.com |language=en-us}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#A8E4A0;" | '''22'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Pathimoonnu''
|B N Shajeer Sha
|Fariya Hussain, Gauri, Shabeer, Rajesh Nair, Sabu Thiruvalla, Deepu Chris
|ShaBroz Entertainers
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pathimoonnu {{!}} പതിമൂന്ന് (2023) - Mallu Release {{!}} Watch Malayalam Full Movies |url=https://www.mallurelease.com/2018/06/pathimoonn.html |access-date=2024-01-01 |language=english}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Sha |first=B. N. Shajeer |title=Pathimoonnu |date=2023-02-18 |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8704562/ |type=Drama, Fantasy |access-date=2024-01-01 |others=Chriz Deepu, Fariya, Jeeza}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Varghese |first=Jisha |date=2023-02-14 |title='പതിമൂന്ന്' വ്യത്യസ്ത കഥയും അവതരണവുമായി എത്തുന്നു {{!}} General, Latest News, NEWS, 13 Movie |url=https://www.eastcoastdaily.com/movie/2023/02/14/pathimunnu-comes-with-a-different-story-and-presentation/ |access-date=2024-01-01 |website=East Coast Movies & Entertainments News |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Kadal Munambu''
|Prathap Joseph
|[[Jeo Baby]], Yamuna Chungappally, S Pradeep, Devaki Bhagi
|New Wave Film School
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=കിസ്സ് ഓഫ് ലവ് കഥ പറഞ്ഞ് 'കടൽ മുനമ്പ്'.. കൂടെ ഒടിടിയിൽ സ്ട്രീമിങ് ആരംഭിച്ചു |url=https://malayalam.indiatoday.in/cinema/story/kadal-munambu-movie-in-koode-ott-516844-2023-02-22 |access-date=2024-08-14 |website=India Today Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=കടൽ മുനമ്പ് |url=https://m3db.com/film/kadal-munambu |access-date=2024-08-14 |website=M3DB |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kadal Munambu [2023] |url=https://en.msidb.org/m.php?9738 |access-date=2024-08-14 |website=en.msidb.org}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="9" style="text-align:center; background:#A8E4A0;" | '''24'''
| ''[[Pranaya Vilasam]]''
| Nikhil Murali
| [[Arjun Ashokan]], Manoj K U, [[Anaswara Rajan]], [[Mamitha Baiju]], [[Miya (actress)|Miya]]
| Green Room Productions
| <ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/pranaya-vilasam-release-date-anaswara-rajan-starrer-to-hit-the-big-screens-on-this-date/articleshow/97479159.cms |title=Pranaya Vilasam' release date: Anaswara Rajan starrer to hit the big screens on THIS date |date=31 January 2023 |access-date=3 February 2023|work=The Times Of India}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Boomerang (2023 film)|Boomerang]]''
| Manu Sudhakaran
| [[Samyuktha Menon]], [[Shine Tom Chacko]], [[Chemban Vinod Jose]], [[Baiju Santhosh]]
|Easy Fly Productions
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=Samyuktha starrer 'Boomerang' gets a release date |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/samyuktha-menon-starrer-boomerang-gets-a-release-date/articleshow/97947932.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-02-21 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-28 |title=ബൂമറാങ്ങ് മേയ് മാസത്തിൽ വരുന്നു |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/boomerang-malayalam-movie-will-be-released-in-may-1.7384122 |access-date=2024-06-25 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Dharani''
|B. Sreevallabhan
|Ratheesh Ravi, [[M. R. Gopakumar]]
|Parallax Film House
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=കുട്ടികൾക്കു വേണ്ടി ധരണി |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/dharani-movie-for-children-1.6082237 |access-date=2023-02-27 |website=Mathrubhumi |date=12 October 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/dharani/ET00353257|title=Dharani (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-02 |title=പുതുമുഖങ്ങള്‍ അണിനിരക്കുന്ന ധരണി 17ന് തിയേറ്ററിലെത്തും |url=https://www.malayalamnewsdaily.com/node/742351/entertainment/dharani-hits-theatres-february-17 |access-date=2024-06-25 |website=Malayalam News}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Oh My Darling (2023 film)|Oh My Darling]]''
| Alfred D' Samuel
| [[Anikha Surendran]], Melvin G Babu
|Ash Tree Ventures
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=Anikha Surendran: 'Oh My Darling' does not glamourize the consumption of alcohol - EXCLUSIVE! |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/anikha-surendran-oh-my-darling-does-not-glamourize-the-consumption-of-alcohol-exclusive/articleshow/98187101.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-02-25 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-24 |title=പ്രണയവും ലിപ് ലോക്കും വമ്പൻ ട്വിസ്റ്റുകളും;മലയാള സിനിമ ഇതുവരെ പറയാത്ത വിഷയവുമായി ഓ മൈ ഡാർലിങ് |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/special-pages/oh-my-darling/o-my-darling-movie-review-anikha-surendran-oh-my-darling-alfred-d-samuel-1.8338775 |access-date=2024-06-25 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Ekan''
|Netto Christopher
|Aldrin, Anjali Krishna, Saji Sopanam
|La Frames
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/ekan/ET00353357|title=Ekan (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Daily |first=Keralakaumudi |title=Amidst the big movie rush, Ekan set for February 24th |url=https://keralakaumudi.com/en/news/news.php?id=1007368 |access-date=2023-02-27 |website=Keralakaumudi Daily |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ഡെസ്ക് |first=വെബ് |date=2023-02-13 |title='ഏകൻ' ഫെബ്രുവരി 24 ന് തീയറ്ററുകളിൽ {{!}} Madhyamam |url=https://www.madhyamam.com/entertainment/movie-news/ekan-movie-february-24-release-1128504 |access-date=2024-06-25 |website=www.madhyamam.com |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=newskairali |date=2022-09-25 |title=Ekan: ഏകന്‍ സിനിമ ഉടന്‍ തിയേറ്ററുകളില്‍ |url=https://www.kairalinewsonline.com/2022/09/25/558234.html |access-date=2024-06-25 |website=Kairali News {{!}} Kairali News Live |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Ntikkakkakkoru Premondarnn|Ntikkakkakkoru Premandaarnnu]]''
| Adhil M Asharaf
| [[Bhavana (actress)|Bhavana]], [[Sharaf U Dheen]], [[Ashokan (actor)]], Anarkali Nazar
|Bonhomie Entertainments, London Talkies
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=Bhavana starrer 'Ntikkakkakkoru Premandaarnnu' release postponed |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/bhavana-starrer-ntikkakkakkoru-premandaarnnu-release-postponed/articleshow/98000863.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-02-21 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Web Desk |date=2023-02-24 |title=ആറ് വര്‍ഷത്തിനു ശേഷം ഭാവനയുടെ തിരിച്ചുവരവ്; ന്‍റിക്കാക്കാക്കൊരു പ്രേമണ്ടാർന്ന് ഇന്ന് തിയേറ്ററുകളില്‍ |url=https://www.mediaoneonline.com/entertainment/bhavana-back-to-malayalam-film-after-five-years-209637 |access-date=2024-06-25 |website=www.mediaoneonline.com |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-11 |title=ഭാവനയുടെ തിരിച്ചുവരവ്; 'ന്റിക്കാക്കാക്കൊരു പ്രേമണ്ടാർന്ന്' ഫെബ്രുവരി 17-ന് തിയേറ്ററുകളിൽ |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/bhavana-sharafudheen-movie-ntikkakkakkoru-premandarn-release-date-announced-1.8301392 |access-date=2024-06-25 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Divorce (2023 film)|Divorce]]''
|Mini IG
|Shibala Farah, Akhila Naath, Priyamvatha, Aswathi
| [[Kerala State Film Development Corporation]]
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nagarajan |first=Saraswathy |date=2023-02-25 |title='Divorce' movie review: A sensitive take on what happens when a spouse turns into a stranger |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/divorce-movie-review-a-sensitive-take-on-what-happens-when-a-spouse-turns-into-a-stranger/article66552427.ece |access-date=2023-02-26 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Santhosham (2022 film)|Santhosham]]''
|Ajith V Thomas
|[[Anu Sithara]], [[Mallika Sukumaran]], [[Kalabhavan Shajohn]], [[Amith Chakalakkal]]
|Mise-En-Scene Entertainment
|<ref>{{Cite news |title='Santhosham' trailer: Anu Sithara starrer promises an emotional family entertainer |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/santhosham-trailer-anu-sithara-starrer-promises-an-emotional-family-entertainer/articleshow/97940381.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-02-26 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
| ''Pallimani''
|Anil Kumbazha
|[[Nithya Das]], [[Kailash (actor)|Kailash]], [[Shwetha Menon]]
|LA Menon Productions
|<ref>{{Cite news |title='Pallimani' gets a release date |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/pallimani-gets-a-release-date/articleshow/97837078.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-02-26 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-23 |title=Pallimani movie {{!}} വീണ്ടും നായികയായി നിത്യ ദാസ്, ശ്വേതാ മേനോന്റെ ശക്തമായ മടങ്ങിവരവ്; 'പള്ളിമണി' തിയേറ്ററുകളിലേക്ക് |url=https://malayalam.news18.com/news/film/movies-pallimani-movie-releasing-on-february-24-2023-mm-585399.html |access-date=2024-06-25 |website=News18 മലയാളം |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="26" style="text-align:center; background:#dcc7df; textcolor:#000;" |'''M A R C H'''
| rowspan="7" style="text-align:center;background:#ede3ef;" |'''3'''
| ''[[Pakalum Paathiravum]]''
|Ajai Vasudev
|[[Kunchacko Boban]], [[Rajisha Vijayan]], [[Guru Somasundaram]], [[Seetha (actress)]]
|Sree Gokulam Movies
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kunchako Boban, Rajisha Vijayan's Pakalum Paathiravum to hit screens on this date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/feb/13/kunchako-boban-rajisha-vijayan-starrer-pakalum-paathiravum-to-hit-screens-on-this-date-39944.html |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=13 February 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Krithi''
|Suresh UPRS
|Irshad, Meera Vasudev, Ajin Shaji
|Rain Drops Cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/krithi/ET00354042|title=Krithi (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Krithi (2019) |url=https://www.malayalachalachithram.com/movie.php?i=6066 |access-date=2023-03-06 |website=www.malayalachalachithram.com}}</ref>
|-
|''Mariyam''
|Bibin Joy, Shiha Bibin
|Mrinalini Susan George, Joseph Chilamban, Rekha Lakshmi
|AMK Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/mariyam/ET00353941|title=Mariyam (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mariyam Malayalam Movie Trailer, Mariyam Malayalam Movie Song |url=https://www.thrissurkerala.com/movies2/Mariyam-Malayalam-Movie-Trailer-Songs.html |access-date=2023-03-06 |website=www.thrissurkerala.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ഇരട്ട സംവിധായകര്‍ ഒരുക്കുന്ന മറിയം പൂര്‍ത്തിയായി, ഇത് മറിയത്തിന്റെ കഥ!! |url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/malayalam-cinema/movie-news/shooting-of-the-film-mariyam-compleated/articleshow/88372976.cms |access-date=2023-03-06 |website=Samayam Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|''Pathirakattu''
|Najeeb Madavoor
|Sriram Karthick, Aavani, Sharon, [[Saju Navodaya]]
|Sana Niya Production House LLP
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/pathirakattu/ET00353976|title=Pathirakattu (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 December 2022 |title=ശ്രീറാം കാർത്തിക് നായകനാകുന്ന ഫാമിലി സസ്പെൻഡ് ത്രില്ലർ; പാതിരാകാറ്റിന്റെ ചിത്രീകരണം പൂർത്തിയായി |url=https://www.doolnews.com/the-shooting-of-pathirakat-has-been-completed-64-116.html |website=Dool News |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Uru (2023 film)|Uru]]''
|[[E. M. Ashraf]]
|[[Mamukkoya]], [[Manju Pathrose]]
|Zams Production House
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/uru-2023/ET00353630|title=Uru (2023) (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=UruU |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movie-details/uru/movieshow/98282498.cms |access-date=2023-03-06 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Lovefully Yours Veda]]''
|Praghesh Sukumaran
|[[Rajisha Vijayan]], Venkitesh V.P, [[Sreenath Bhasi]]
|R2 Entertainments
|<ref>{{Cite news |title='Lovefully Yours Veda' trailer: All things campus, politics, and romance |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/lovefully-yours-veda-trailer-all-things-campus-politics-and-romance/articleshow/98211355.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-03-03 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[1921: Puzha Muthal Puzha Vare]]''
|[[Ramasimhan]]
|[[Joy Mathew]], [[Thalaivasal Vijay]], [[Kozhikode Narayanan Nair|Narayanan Nair]], [[Santhosh (actor)|Santhosh]], Agna Suresh
|Mamadharma Productions
|<ref>{{Citation |title=1921: Puzha Muthal Puzha Vare (2023) - IMDb |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt18233116/ |access-date=2023-03-04 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-25 |title=Puzha Muthal Puzhavare To Hit The Silver Screen On March 3 This Year |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/ramasimhan-directorial-1921-puzha-muthal-puzhavare-to-release-on-this-date-7166077.html |access-date=2023-03-04 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;background:#ede3ef;" |'''10'''
| ''[[Thuramukham (2023 film)|Thuramukham]]''
|[[Rajeev Ravi]]
|[[Nivin Pauly]], [[Indrajith Sukumaran]], [[Joju George]], [[Arjun Ashokan]], [[Darshana Rajendran]], [[Nimisha Sajayan]]
|Thekkepat Films, Pauly Jr. Pictures, Collective Phase One, Queen Mary Movies
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-28 |title=After many delays, Nivin Pauly's Thuramukham gets release date |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/after-many-delays-nivin-paulys-thuramukham-gets-release-date-8471022/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Aalankam]]''
|Shani Khader
|[[Lukman Avaran]], [[Jaffar Idukki]], Sharanya R Nair
|Ziad India Entertainments
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/aalankam/ET00351854|title=Aalankam (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-10 |title=യുവതാരങ്ങൾ ഒന്നിക്കുന്ന ത്രില്ലർ 'ആളങ്കം' ഇന്ന് തീയറ്ററിലേക്ക് |url=https://janayugomonline.com/thriller-alangam-in-which-young-actors-come-together-to-theaters-today/ |access-date=2024-06-25 |website=Janayugom Online |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Khali Purse of Billionaires]]''
|Maxwell Jose
|[[Dhyan Sreenivasan]], [[Tanvi Ram]], [[Aju Varghese]], [[Sarayu Mohan]]
|Royal Banjas Entertainment
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/khalipurse-of-billionaires/ET00354475|title=Khalipurse of Billionaires (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ഡെസ്ക് |first=വെബ് |date=2023-02-28 |title=ധ്യാൻ - അജു വർഗീസ് കൂട്ടുകെട്ടിൽ 'ഖാലി പേഴ്സ് ഓഫ് ബില്യനേഴ്സ്' തിയറ്ററുകളിലേക്ക് {{!}} Madhyamam |url=https://www.madhyamam.com/entertainment/movie-news/khali-purse-of-billionaires-release-date-1134094 |access-date=2024-06-25 |website=www.madhyamam.com |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Maheshum Marutiyum]]''
|Sethu
|[[Asif Ali (actor)|Asif Ali]], [[Mamta Mohandas]], [[Maniyanpilla Raju]]
|VSL Film House
|<ref>{{Cite web |title='Maheshum Maruthiyum' to release on March 10 |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2023/feb/28/maheshum-maruthiyumto-release-on-march-10-2551489.html |access-date=2023-03-01 |website=The New Indian Express|date=28 February 2023 }}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#ede3ef;" |'''12'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''3 Days''
|Zakir Ali
|Mansoor Mohammad, Gafoor Koduvally, Zakir Ali, Kiran Raj, Raja Sahib, [[Neena Kurup]], [[Kanakalatha]], Vijayan Karanthoor, Prakash Payyanakkal, Unni Raja, Salim Marimayam
|Wama Entertainment
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=3 Days {{!}} 3 ഡേയ്സ് (2023) - Mallu Release {{!}} Watch Malayalam Full Movies |url=https://www.mallurelease.com/2021/08/3-days-movie.html |access-date=2024-01-01 |language=english}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-22 |title=ഇൻവെസ്റ്റിഗേഷൻ ത്രില്ലർ ചിത്രം 3 ഡേയ്സ്'; ഫസ്റ്റ്ലുക്ക് പോസ്റ്റർ പുറത്തിറങ്ങി.... |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/three-days-malayalam-movie-investigation-thriller-first-look-poster-1.7283720 |access-date=2024-01-01 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Ali |first=Zakir |title=3 Days |date=2023-03-12 |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt15238886/ |type=Crime |access-date=2024-01-01 |others=Manzur Muhammed, Raja Sahib, Kiran Raj |publisher=Wama Entertainment}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;background:#ede3ef;" |'''17'''
| ''Chaana''
| [[Bheeman Raghu]]
| [[Bheeman Raghu]], Meenakshi Chandran, Raman Vishwanath
|Sweety Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bheeman Raghu's directorial debut Chaana gets a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/mar/09/bheeman-raghus-directorial-debut-chaana-gets-a-release-date-40845.html |access-date=2023-03-15 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=9 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/chaana/ET00354920|title=Chaana (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Web Desk |date=2022-07-09 |title=ഭീമന്‍ രഘുവിന്‍റെ 'ചാണ'; ട്രയിലര്‍ കാണാം |url=https://www.mediaoneonline.com/entertainment/chana-trailer-out-184033 |access-date=2024-06-25 |website=www.mediaoneonline.com |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|''Love Revenge''
|K Mehmood
|Binu Adimali
|Silver Sky Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=S |first=Sneha |date=2022-06-04 |title=മൂന്നാറിൻ്റെ പശ്ചാത്തലത്തിൽ ത്രില്ലർ ചിത്രം: ലൗ റിവഞ്ച് ഒരുങ്ങുന്നു {{!}} Cinema, General, Indian Cinema, Latest News, Mollywood, Love Revenge, Malayalam film, Munnar |url=https://www.eastcoastdaily.com/movie/2022/06/04/love-revenge-movie-to-release-soon/ |access-date=2023-03-17 |website=East Coast Movies & Entertainments News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/love-revenge/ET00355158|title=Love Revenge (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=S |first=Sneha |date=2022-06-04 |title=മൂന്നാറിൻ്റെ പശ്ചാത്തലത്തിൽ ത്രില്ലർ ചിത്രം: ലൗ റിവഞ്ച് ഒരുങ്ങുന്നു {{!}} Cinema, General, Indian Cinema, Latest News, Mollywood, Love Revenge, Malayalam film, Munnar |url=https://www.eastcoastdaily.com/movie/2022/06/04/love-revenge-movie-to-release-soon/ |access-date=2024-06-25 |website=East Coast Movies & Entertainments News |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|''Puliyattam''
|Santhosh Kallat
|[[Sudheer Karamana]], Meera Nair
|Seven Masters Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/puliyattam/ET00355047|title=Puliyattam (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ഡെസ്ക് |first=വെബ് |date=2023-02-25 |title=നിരവധി അന്താരാഷ്ട്ര പുരസ്കാരങ്ങൾ നേടിയ 'പുലിയാട്ടം' മാർച്ച് 10ന് {{!}} Madhyamam |url=https://www.madhyamam.com/entertainment/movie-news/puliyattam-malayalam-movie-release-date-1132995 |access-date=2024-06-25 |website=www.madhyamam.com |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|''90:00 Minutes''
|Nithin Thomas Kurisingal
|Arya Babu, Arun Kumar, [[Santhosh Keezhattoor]], Sunil Sugatha
|Phoenix International
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/9000-minutes/ET00341533|title=90:00 Minutes (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-23 |title=ആര്യ ബാബു ആദ്യമായി നായികയാകുന്ന ചിത്രം '90: 00 മിനിറ്റ്സ്' |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/arya-babu-debut-as-heroine-in-90-00-minutes-1.6027791 |access-date=2023-04-07 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;background:#ede3ef;" |'''24'''
| style="background:#ecfeff;" |''[[Purusha Pretham]]''
| [[Krishand RK]]
| [[Alexander Prasanth]], [[Darshana Rajendran]], [[Jagadish Kumar|Jagadish]], [[Jeo Baby]], Devaki Rajendran
|Mankind cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Purusha Pretham Movie Review: Gritty procedural with an even blend of the comic and morbid |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/review/2023/mar/24/purusha-pretham-movie-review-gritty-procedural-with-an-even-blend-of-the-comic-and-morbid-41450.html |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=24 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Experiment 5''
|Manoj Thanath
|Melvin Thanath, Devi Nanda, Rishi Suresh, Sree Padma, Manoj Thanath, Sona Philip
|Esthep Star Creations
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/experiment-5/ET00355480|title=Experiment 5 (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Experiment 5UA |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movie-details/experiment-5/movieshow/98861741.cms |access-date=2023-04-11 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=മലയാളത്തിലും സോംബി സിനമകള്‍ എത്തുന്നു; ഫസ്റ്റ് ലുക്ക് പോസ്റ്റര്‍ പുറത്തുവിട്ട് 'എക്സ്പിരിമെന്റ് 5' |url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/malayalam-cinema/movie-news/first-zombi-movie-in-malayalam-experiment-5-first-look-poster-released/articleshow/96717212.cms |access-date=2024-06-25 |website=Samayam Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|''Granny''
|K Kaladharan
|Shobha Mohan, ''Master'' Nivin, ''Baby'' Parvathy, Jayakrishnan, Ranji Panicker
|Katho Movie Makers
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=Back with a bang:'Granny' marks the much-awaited return of director Kaladharan |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/back-with-a-banggranny-marks-the-much-awaited-return-of-director-kaladharan/articleshow/97393079.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-03-24 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/granny/ET00355522|title=Granny (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Vellari Pattanam]]''
| Mahesh Vettiyar
| [[Manju Warrier]], [[Soubin Shahir]], [[Salim Kumar]], [[Shabareesh Varma]]
| Fullon Studios
|<ref>{{Cite news |title='Vellaripattanam' movie review: Manju Warrier, Soubin Shahir in a stale political satire |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/vellaripattanam-movie-review-manju-warrier-soubin-shahir-in-a-stale-political-satire/article66656985.ece |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=The Hindu|date=24 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;background:#ede3ef;" |'''31'''
| ''[[Higuita (film)|Higuita]]''
| Hemanth G Nair
| [[Suraj Venjaramoodu]], [[Dhyan Sreenivasan]], [[Manoj K. Jayan]]
|Second Half Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-14 |title=Suraj Venjaramoodu's Higuita gets release date |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/suraj-venjaramoodus-higuita-gets-a-release-date-8496902/ |access-date=2023-03-15 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Laika''
|Ashad Sivaraman
|[[Biju Sopanam]], [[Nisha Sarang]]
|VPS & Sons media
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/laika/ET00355869|title=Laika (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Jawanum Mullapoovum]]''
| Raghu Menon
| Sumesh Chandran, [[Sshivada]], [[Rahul Madhav]]
| 2 Creative Minds
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=സുമേഷും രാഹുലും ശിവദയും ഒന്നിക്കുന്ന 'ജവാനും മുല്ലപ്പൂവും'; പുതിയ പോസ്റ്റർ |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/jawanum-mullappoovum-new-poster-released-jawanum-mullappoovum-relasing-on-march-31-sshivada-1.8367952 |access-date=2023-03-15 |website=Mathrubhumi |date=6 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Thuruth''
|Suresh Gopal
|[[Sudheesh]], Keerthi Sreejith
|YES BE Creative
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-23 |title='തുരുത്ത് ' മാർച്ച് 31 ന് തിയേറ്ററുകളിലേക്ക് |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/thuruth-film-releases-on-march-31-sudheesh-1.8416373 |access-date=2023-04-11 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Ottayan''
|Nishad Kattoor
|Ginu Vaikath, Anju Ginu, TK Balaram
|AG Talkies
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/movies/movie-news/2023/03/30/ottayan-movie-release.html|title=കുവൈത്തിൽ ചിത്രീകരിച്ച സസ്പെൻസ് ത്രില്ലർ: ഒറ്റയാൻ 31 ന് തിയറ്ററിൽ|website=ManoramaOnline}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Kallanum Bhagavathiyum]]''
| [[East Coast Vijayan]]
| [[Vishnu Unnikrishnan]], Mokksha, [[Anusree]]
| East Coast Communication Pvt Ltd
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=Vishnu Unnikrishnan starrer 'Kallanum Bhagavathiyum' gets a release date |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/vishnu-unnikrishnan-starrer-kallanum-bhagavathiyum-gets-a-release-date/articleshow/99110058.cms |access-date=2023-03-31 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|}

== April – June ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="2" class="unsortable" |Opening
!Title
!Director
!Cast
!Production company / Studio
!Ref
|-
| rowspan="20" style="text-align:center; background:#808080; textcolor:#000;" |'''A P R I L'''
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#C0C0C0;" |'''6'''
| ''[[Corona Papers]]''
| [[Priyadarshan]]
| [[Shane Nigam]], [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]], [[Shine Tom Chacko]], [[Gayathrie]]
| Four Frames Sound Company
|<ref>{{Cite news |title='Corona Papers' censored with a U/A certificate; Film to release on April 6 |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/corona-papers-censored-with-a-u/a-certificate-film-to-release-on-april-6/articleshow/99111339.cms |access-date=2023-03-30 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
|''[[B 32 Muthal 44 Vare]]''
|Shruthi Sharanyam
|[[Remya Nambeesan]], [[Anarkali Marikar]], Aswathy Babu
| [[Kerala State Film Development Corporation]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/b-32-muthal-44-vare/ET00356303|title=B 32 Muthal 44 Vare (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#C0C0C0;" |'''7'''
|''Kaipola''
|K G Shyju
|[[Indrans]], [[Kalabhavan Shajohn]], Anju Krishna
|VMR Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/kaipola/ET00356462|title=Kaipola (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-28 |title=Malayalam Film Kaipola To Release On This Date; Watch The Indrans-Starrer's Trailer |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/malayalam-film-kaipolas-trailer-promises-an-emotional-sports-drama-watch-it-here-7406851.html |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Nannayikoode''
|Janet J Biju
|Sooraj Thelakkad, Arathy Biju, Mejo Joseph, Priya Mariya
|Daiwik Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/nannaikoode/ET00356620|title=Nannaikoode (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;background:#C0C0C0;" |'''8'''
| ''[[Enthada Saji]]''
| Godfy Xavier Babu
| [[Nivetha Thomas]], [[Kunchacko Boban]], [[Jayasurya]], [[Arya (actress)]]
| [[Magic Frames]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jayasurya-Kunchacko Boban film Enthada Saji censored |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/apr/03/jayasurya-kunchacko-boban-film-enthada-saji-censored-41872.html |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=3 April 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Pookkaalam]]''
|Ganesh Raj
|[[Vijayaraghavan]], [[Vineeth Sreenivasan]], [[Basil Joseph]], K. P. A. C. Leela, [[Annu Antony]]
|CNC Cinemas, Thomas Thiruvalla Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/pookkaalam/ET00355010|title=Pookkaalam (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Section 306 IPC''
|Sreenath Shiva
|[[Rahul Madhav]], [[Renji Panicker]], [[Shanthi Krishna]]
|Sree Varma Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/section-306-ipc/ET00355453|title=Section 306 IPC (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;background:#C0C0C0;" |'''14'''
|''[[Adi (film)|Adi]]''
| Prashob Vijayan
| [[Shine Tom Chacko]], [[Ahaana Krishna]], [[Dhruvan]], [[Anu Joseph]]
| Wayfarer Films
|<ref>{{Cite news |title='Adi' teaser out, Ahaana Krishna-Shine Tom Chacko starrer to hit the big screens on April 14 |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/adi-teaser-out-ahaana-krishna-shine-tom-chacko-starrer-to-hit-the-big-screens-on-april-14/articleshow/99080163.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-03-30 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Thaaram Theertha Koodaram]]''
|Gokul Ramakrishnan
|Karthik Ramakrishnan, Nainita Maria, [[Parvathi T.]]
|Two Friends Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/thaaram-theertha-koodaram/ET00356713|title=Thaaram Theertha Koodaram (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Uppumavu''
|Syam Shivarajan
|[[Kailash (actor)|Kailash]], [[Sarayu Mohan]], [[Shivaji Guruvayoor]], [[Seema G. Nair]]
|Kattoor films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/uppumaavu/ET00357286|title=Uppumaavu (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Uschool''
|PM Thomas Kutty
|Abijith Ravi, Archana Vinod
|Bodhi Movie Works
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/uschool/ET00357309|title=Uschool (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Madanolsavam (2023 film)|Madanolsavam]]''
| Sudheesh Gopinath
| [[Suraj Venjaramoodu]], [[Rajesh Madhavan]], [[Babu Antony]], Bhama Arun
|Saina Movies
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=New single from Suraj Venjaramoodu's Madanolsavam out |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/apr/05/new-single-from-suraj-venjaramoodus-madanolsavam-out-41983.html |access-date=2023-04-11 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=5 April 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| ''Made in Caravan''
| Jomy Kuriakose
| [[Annu Antony]], [[Anson Paul]], [[Mithun Ramesh]], [[Indrans]]
| Cinema Cafe Productions
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/made-in-caravan-movie-got-u-certificate-annu-antony-movie-1.8410502|title=മെയ്ഡ് ഇൻ കാരവാന് ക്ലീൻ യു, ചിത്രം വിഷു റിലീസ്|date=21 March 2023|website=Mathrubhumi}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#C0C0C0;"|'''20'''
|''[[Neelavelicham (film)|Neelavelicham]]''
| [[Aashiq Abu]]
| [[Tovino Thomas]], [[Rima Kallingal]], [[Roshan Mathew]], [[Shine Tom Chacko]]
| OPM Cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=Aashiq Abu's 'Neelavelicham' gets a release date |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/aashiq-abus-neelavelicham-gets-a-release-date/articleshow/99083475.cms |access-date=2023-03-30 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;background:#C0C0C0;" |'''21'''
|''[[Ayalvaashi]]''
| Irshad Parari
| [[Soubin Shahir]], [[Binu Pappu]], [[Nikhila Vimal]], [[Lijomol Jose]], [[Naslen K. Gafoor]]
|Ashiq Usman Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Soubin Shahir's Ayalvaashi gets a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/feb/21/soubin-shahirs-ayalvaashi-gets-a-release-date-40218.html |access-date=2023-03-15 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=21 February 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Kadina Kadoramee Andakadaham]]''
|Muhashin Nalakath
|[[Basil Joseph]], Fara Shiblah
|Naisam Salam Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/kadina-kadoramee-andakadaham/ET00357517|title=Kadina Kadoramee Andakadaham (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-21 |title=ഒരു ഇമോഷണൽ പടം, കഠിന കഠോരമീ അണ്ഡകടാഹം റിവ്യൂ |url=https://malayalam.indianexpress.com/entertainment/review/kadina-kadoramee-andakadaham-movie-review-rating-798009/ |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=Indian Express Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Sulaikha Manzil]]''
|[[Ashraf Hamza]]
|[[Lukman Avaran]], [[Chemban Vinod Jose]], [[Anarkali Marikar]]
|Chembosky Motion Pictures
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/sulaikha-manzil/ET00357432|title=Sulaikha Manzil (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#C0C0C0;" |'''24'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Antharam''
|P Abhijith
|Kannan Nair, Negha, Nakshathra Manoj
|Group Five Entertainments
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=ലേഖകൻ |first=മാധ്യമം |date=2023-04-24 |title=ട്രാൻസ് വുമൺ നേഹ നായികയായ 'അന്തരം' ഒ.ടി.ടിയിൽ! ചിത്രം റിലീസായി {{!}} Madhyamam |url=https://www.madhyamam.com/entertainment/celebrities/antharam-movie-released-on-ott-1153189 |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=www.madhyamam.com |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='നമ്മളെ ജീവിക്കാന്‍ സമ്മതിക്കുമോ ഈ സമൂഹം'.... ട്രാന്‍സ്‌ജെന്‍ഡര്‍ സമുഹത്തിന്റെ രാഷ്ട്രീയം പറഞ്ഞ് 'അന്തരം'; കാണാം കൂടെ ഒടിടിയിൽ |url=https://malayalam.indiatoday.in/cinema/story/antharam-movie-in-koode-ott-550111-2023-04-28 |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=India Today Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=സേനൻ |first=സാന്ദ്ര |date=2023-04-21 |title='അന്തരം' ഒരു വേറിട്ട ട്രാൻസ് ചിത്രം; സെറ്റിൽ ആ സമൂഹത്തെ കുറിച്ച് ഒന്നും അറിയാത്തവരും ഉണ്ടായിരുന്നതായി സംവിധായകൻ |url=https://www.thefourthnews.in/entertainment/malayalam-movie-antharams-director-p-abhijith-opens-about-his-cinema |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=The Fourth |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#C0C0C0;" |'''28'''
|''Makottan''
|Rajeev Naduvanad
|[[Biju Kuttan]], Prarthana Nair
|Remyam Creation
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/makkottan/ET00358210|title=Makkottan (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Daily |first=Keralakaumudi |title=ബിജുക്കുട്ടൻ നായകനാവുന്ന മാക്കൊട്ടൻ |url=https://keralakaumudi.com/news/news.php?id=1048452 |access-date=2023-04-28 |website=Keralakaumudi Daily |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Pachuvum Athbutha Vilakkum]]''
| Akhil Sathyan
| [[Fahadh Faasil]], [[Anjana Jayaprakash]], [[Mukesh (actor)|Mukesh]], [[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]], [[Vineeth]], [[Indrans]], [[Ahaana Krishna]]
| Fullmoon Cinemas, Akhil Sathyan Films
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=Fahadh Faasil starrer 'Paachuvum Albhuthavilakkum' gets a release date! |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/fahadh-faasil-starrer-paachuvum-albhuthavilakkum-gets-a-release-date/articleshow/97937906.cms |access-date=2023-03-15 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="15" style="text-align:center; background:#f64a8a;" |'''M A Y'''
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ffb5da;"|'''5'''
|''[[2018 (film)|2018]]''
| [[Jude Anthany Joseph]]
| [[Kunchako Boban]], [[Tovino Thomas]], [[Asif Ali (actor)|Asif Ali]], [[Vineeth Sreenivasan]], [[Aparna Balamurali]]
| Kavya Film Company, P.K. Prime Production
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jude Anthany Joseph's 2018 release postponed to this date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/apr/10/jude-anthany-josephs-2018-release-postponed-to-this-date-42161.html |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=10 April 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Anuragam (2023 film)|Anuragam]]''
| Shahad
| [[Ashwin Jose]], [[Gouri G. Kishan]], [[Gautham Vasudev Menon]], [[Devayani (actress)|Devayani]]
| Lakshminath Creations Satyam Cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-26 |title=Gautham Vasudev Menon's Malayalam Film Anuragam To Be Released On This Date |url=https://www.news18.com/entertainment/regional-cinema/gautham-vasudev-menons-malayalam-film-anuragam-to-be-released-on-this-date-7646269.html |access-date=2023-04-30 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;background:#ffb5da;"|'''12'''
| ''[[Neymar (film)|Neymar]]''
| Sudhi Maddison
| [[Mathew Thomas]], [[Naslen K. Gafoor]], [[Johny Antony]], [[Shammi Thilakan]], [[Vijayaraghavan]]
| V Cinemas International
| <ref>{{cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/mathew-thomas-naslen-k-gafoor-latest-film-neymar-8591967 |title=Hit duo Mathew Thomas and Naslen K Gafoor set to return with Neymar |date=4 May 2023 |access-date=7 May 2023 |work=The Indian Express}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Janaki Jaane]]''
| Aneesh Upasana
| [[Saiju Kurup]], [[Navya Nair]], [[Johny Antony]], [[Sharaf U Dheen]], Sminu Sijo, Pramod Velliyanad, [[Anarkali Marikar]]
| Grihalakshmi Productions, S Cube Films
| <ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/navya-nair-saiju-kurup-starrer-janaki-jaane-gets-a-release-date/articleshow/99812046.cms |title=Navya Nair - Saiju Kurup starrer 'Janaki Jaane' gets a release date |date=27 April 2023 |access-date=7 May 2023 |work=The Times Of India}}</ref>
|-
| ''Chathi''
| Sharathchandran Wayand
| [[Jaffar Idukki]], Akhil Prabhakarn, Akhil Nath, [[Abu Salim (actor)|Abu Salim]], [[Lal Jose]]
|WM Movies
|<ref>{{cite news|url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/malayalam-cinema/movie-news/chathi-movie-hits-theaters-this-month/articleshow/96791478.cms |title=പ്രണയവും പ്രതികാരവും നിറച്ച് 'ചതി'; ചിത്രം ഈ മാസം തീയേറ്ററുകളിലേക്ക് |date=6 January 2023 |access-date=7 May 2023 |work=Samayam News}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#ffb5da;" |'''19'''
| ''[[Charles Enterprises]]''
| Subhash Lalitha Subrahmanian
| [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]], [[Balu Varghese]], [[Guru Somasundaram]]
| Joy Movie Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Charles Enterprises gets a new release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/may/02/charles-enterprises-gets-a-new-release-date-42949.html |access-date=2023-05-05 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=2 May 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Jackson Bazaar Youth]]''
| Shamal Sulaiman
| [[Lukman Avaran]], [[Jaffar Idukki]], [[Indrans]], Chinnu Chandini, [[Fahim Safar]]
| Cross Boarder Camera, Imagine Cinema
| <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/jackson-bazar-youth-release-date-announced-lukman-avaran-movie-1.8526635 |title=മെയ്‌ 19-ന് തിയേറ്ററുകളിൽ ബാൻഡ്‌ മേളം; ജാക്സൺ ബസാർ യൂത്ത് റിലീസ് തീയതി പ്രഖ്യാപിച്ചു |date=3 May 2023 |access-date=6 May 2023 |work=Mathrubhumi News}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#ffb5da;" |'''23'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Paseena''
|Rajan Kuduvan
|[[Shobi Thilakan]], [[Rajesh Hebbar]], Sini Abraham, [[Pannyan Raveendran]], [[C. K. Janu]]
|Chirakkal Movies
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-23 |title=Movie {{!}} 'പസീന' പ്രദര്‍ശനത്തിനെത്തുന്നു; റിലീസ് ഒടിടി പ്ലാറ്റ് ഫോം വഴി |url=https://www.kasargodvartha.com/2023/03/paseena-releases-on-ott.html |access-date=2024-01-01 |website=KasargodVartha: Kasaragod News paper Live, Kannur, Mangalore, Malabar ചുറ്റുവട്ടം കാസർഗോഡ് വാർത്തകൾ |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ബൂലോകം |date=2023-03-20 |title='പസീന' പ്രദർശനത്തിനെത്തുന്നു {{!}} Boolokam |url=https://boolokam.com/paseena-movie/,%20https://boolokam.com/paseena-movie/ |access-date=2024-01-01 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-01 |title=സി.കെ. ജാനു സിനിമാ നടിയാകുന്നു, 'പസീന' റിലീസിംഗിന് |url=https://www.malayalamnewsdaily.com/node/558846/kerala/c-k-janu-film-actor |access-date=2024-01-01 |website=Malayalam News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Instagram |url=https://www.instagram.com/p/CqFFejUpvGl/?ref=hvper.com |access-date=2024-01-01 |website=www.instagram.com}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="7" style="text-align:center;background:#ffb5da;" |'''26'''
|''Binary''
|Jasik Ali
|[[Joy Mathew]], [[Sijoy Varghese]]
|VOC Media
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/binary/ET00360479|title=Binary (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''God`s Own Players''
|AKB Kumar
|AKB Kumar
|AKB Movies International
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/gods-own-players/ET00360670|title=God's Own Players (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Live (2023 film)|Live]]''
| [[V. K. Prakash]]
| [[Mamta Mohandas]], [[Priya Prakash Varrier]], [[Soubin Shahir]], [[Shine Tom Chacko]]
| Films24
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=First look of VK Prakash's Live out |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2023/mar/16/first-look-of-vk-prakashs-live-out-2556365.html |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=The New Indian Express|date=16 March 2023 }}</ref>
|-
|''Missing Girl''
|Abdul Rasheed
|Sanuja Somanath, Ashika Ashokan, Afsal Aziz
|Fine Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/missing-girl/ET00359060|title=Missing Girl (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Picasso''
|Sunil Kariattukara
|Siddharth Rajan, [[Krishna (Tamil actor)|Krishna]]
|Ayaana Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/picasso/ET00360106|title=Picasso (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[The Great Escape (2023 film)|The Great Escape]]''
|Sandeep JL
|[[Babu Antony]], Sandeep JL, [[Simon Kuke]], Arthur Babu Antony
|South Indian US Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/the-great-escape/ET00360294|title=The Great Escape (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Thrishanku]]''
| Achyuth Vinayak
| [[Arjun Ashokan]], [[Anna Ben]]
| Matchbox Shots, Lacuna Pictures, Clocktower Pictures & Co.
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Panjimittai song from Thrishanku is out |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/may/24/panjimittaisong-fromthrishankuis-out-43802.html |access-date=2023-05-25 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=24 May 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="21" style="text-align:center; background:#93CCEA; textcolor:#000;" |'''J U N E'''
| rowspan="9" style="text-align:center;background:#d9e4f1;" |'''2'''
|''[[Neeraja]]''
|Rajesh Raman
|[[Guru Somasundaram]], Shruti Ramachandran, [[Jinu Joseph]], [[Govind Padmasoorya]]
|Suraj Production
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/neeraja/ET00359358|title=Neeraja (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Chakkala''
|Jain Christopher
|Pramod Veliyanadu, Shaji Mavelikkara
|IDAM Theatre
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/chakkala/ET00359647|title=Chakkala (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Dark Shades of a Secret''
|Vidya Mukundan
|Rajeevan Vellur, Nebula M P, Vidya Mukundan
|Zaga International
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/dark-shades-of-a-secret/ET00360698|title=Dark Shades Of A Secret (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://janmabhumi.in/2023/05/16/3078235/entertainment/mollywood/dark-shades-of-a-secrets/|title='ഡാര്‍ക്ക് ഷെയ്ഡ്‌സ് ഓഫ് എ സീക്രെട്' ജൂണ്‍ 2ന് തിയേറ്ററുകളിലെത്തും|date=16 May 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ചന്ദ്ര |first=അനു |date=2023-06-06 |title='ഡാർക്ക് ഷെയ്ഡ്സ് ഓഫ് എ സീക്രട്ട്': വെല്ലുവിളികൾക്കിടയിൽ പൂർത്തിയാക്കിയ സിനിമ -വിദ്യ മുകുന്ദൻ {{!}} Madhyamam |url=https://www.madhyamam.com/entertainment/filmy-talk/vidya-mukundan-interview-1167943 |access-date=2023-10-11 |website=www.madhyamam.com |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|''Nombarakkoodu''
|Joshy Mathew
|Somu Mathew, Harshitha Pisharody, Devanandhini Krishna
|Civilian X Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/nombarakoodu/ET00361015|title=Nombarakoodu (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Manorama Online |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/movies/movie-news/2023/05/31/watch-nombarakoodu-movie-trailer.htmlo5I&opi=89978449 |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=www.manoramaonline.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-21 |title=നൊമ്പരക്കൂട് റിലീസ് ജൂണ്‍ രണ്ടിന് |url=https://www.malayalamnewsdaily.com/node/808361/entertainment/nombarakkoodu-release-june-2 |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=Malayalam News}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Within Seconds]]''
|Vijesh P Vijayan
|[[Indrans]], [[Sarayu Mohan]]
|Ball entertainment
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/within-seconds/ET00358963|title=Within Seconds (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Snehambaram''
|Johnson Mash Engandiyur
|[[Neena Kurup]]
|Pulikkottil films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/snehambaram/ET00361106|title=Snehambaram (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Pappa''
|Shibu Andrews
|Anil Anto, Sharol Sunny, Nyga Sanu
|Vin WIn Entertainment
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/pappa/ET00361055|title=Pappa (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Scene Number 36 Malavika Veedu''
|Suresh sopanam
|[[Appani Sarath]], Vamika suresh
|Manju Suresh Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/scene-number-36-malavika-veedu/ET00360989|title=Scene Number 36 Malavika Veedu (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Mea Culpa''
|Navaz Ali
|[[Appani Sarath]], [[Kailash (actor)|Kailash]], Teena Sunil
|AMA Group
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mea Culpa {{!}} മിയ കുൽപ്പ: Through My Fault (2023) - Mallu Release {{!}} Watch Malayalam Full Movies |url=https://www.mallurelease.com/2021/03/mea-culpa-through-my-fault.html |access-date=2023-06-05 |language=english}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Mea Culpa - Official Trailer |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/regional/malayalam/mea-culpa-official-trailer/videoshow/100063581.cms |access-date=2023-06-05 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;background:#d9e4f1;" |'''9'''
|''[[Kolla (2023 film)|Kolla]]''
|Suraj Varma
|[[Rajisha Vijayan]], [[Priya Prakash Varrier]], [[Vinay Forrt]]
|Ravi Mathew Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/kolla/ET00361323|title=Kolla (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Azhaku Machan''
|J Francis Raja
|Kollam Siraj, Ancy Varghese
|Sudev & Surya Entertainments
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/azhaku-machan/ET00361565|title=Azhaku Machan (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[O.Baby (film)|O.Baby]]''
|[[Ranjan Pramod]]
|[[Dileesh Pothan]], [[Raghunath Paleri]]
|Turtle Vine Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/obaby/ET00361266|title=O.Baby (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;background:#d9e4f1;" |'''16'''
|''Amala''
|Nishad Ebrahim
|[[Srikanth (actor, born 1979)|Srikanth]], [[Rajisha Vijayan]], [[Anarkali Marikar]], [[Appani Sarath]]
|Mascot Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/amala/ET00358424|title=Amala (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Flush''
|Aisha Sulthana
|Pranav Prasanth, Dimple Paul
|Beena Kasim Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/flush/ET00362016|title=Flush (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Madhura Manohara Moham]]''
|Stephy Zaviour
|[[Sharaf U Dheen]], [[Rajisha Vijayan]], [[Aarsha Chandini Baiju]], [[Saiju Kurup]]
|B3M Creations
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/madhura-manohara-moham/ET00361737|title=Madhura Manohara Moham (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Pendulum (2023 film)|Pendulum]]''
|Rejin S. Babu
|[[Vijay Babu (actor, born 1976)|Vijay Babu]], [[Indrans]], [[Anumol]], [[Ramesh Pisharody]]
|Lights On Cinemas, BAT Bros International
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/pendulum/ET00361564|title=Pendulum (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#d9e4f1;" |'''23'''
|''Aadiyum Ammuvum''
|Wilson Thomas
|Aadi S, Avani Anjali, [[Jaffar Idukki]], [[Madhupal]]
|Akhil Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/aadiyum-ammuvum/ET00362371|title=Aadiyum Ammuvum (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Dhoomam (2023 film)|Dhoomam]]''
|[[Pawan Kumar (director)|Pawan Kumar]]
|[[Fahadh Faasil]], [[Aparna Balamurali]], [[Roshan Mathew]]
|[[Hombale Films]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/dhoomam/ET00341470|title=Watch Dhoomam Movie Online | Buy Rent Dhoomam On BMS Stream}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;background:#d9e4f1;" |'''30'''
|''[[Nalla Nilavulla Rathri]]''
|Murphy Devasy
|[[Baburaj (actor)|Baburaj]], [[Chemban Vinod Jose]], [[Jinu Joseph]], [[Binu Pappu]]
|Sandra Thomas Productions, Million Dreams
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/nalla-nilaavulla-rathri/ET00362557|title=Nalla Nilaavulla Rathri (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Njaanum Pinnoru Njaanum''
|[[Rajasenan]]
|Rajasenan, [[Indrans]], Meera Nair
|Clapin Movie Makers
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/njanum-pinnoru-njanum/ET00362750|title=Njanum Pinnoru Njanum (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Rajasenan's bold transformation shocks audience on film's release day |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2023/07/01/director-rajasenan-njanum-pinnoru-njanum-movie-transformation.html |access-date=2023-07-04 |website=OnManorama}}</ref>
|-
|''Salmon''
|Shalil Kalloor
|[[Vijay Yesudas]], Jonita Doda
|MJS Media
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/salmon-3d/ET00341368|title=Salmon (3D) (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-10 |title=Salmon {{!}} വിജയ് യേശുദാസ് നായകനാവുന്ന 'സാൽമൺ' പ്രേക്ഷകരിലേക്ക്; റിലീസ് തിയതി ഇതാ |url=https://malayalam.news18.com/news/film/movies-vijay-yesudas-movie-salmon-3d-gearing-up-for-june-release-mm-607508.html |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=News18 Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref>
|}

== July – September ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="2" class="unsortable" |Opening
!Title
!Director
!Cast
!Production company / Studio
!Ref
|-
| rowspan="15" style="text-align:center; background:#FFD600; textcolor:#000;" |'''J U L Y'''
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#FFFF8D;" |'''7'''
|''[[Journey of Love 18+]]''
|[[Arun D. Jose]]
|[[Naslen K. Gafoor]], Meenakshi Dinesh, [[Nikhila Vimal]], [[Mathew Thomas]]
|Falooda Entertainments
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/journey-of-love-18/ET00363669|title=Journey of Love 18+ (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Honeymoon Trip''
|Sathyadas Kanjiramkulam
|Jean Anto, Akshaya, Devika, Vismaya, Lijo Joseph
|Matha Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/honeymoon-trip/ET00363840|title=Honeymoon Trip (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-28 |title=K Sathyadas Kanjiramkulam's Psycho-thriller Honeymoon Trip To Hit Cinemas On July 7 |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/k-sathyadas-kanjiramkulams-psycho-thriller-honeymoon-trip-to-hit-cinemas-on-july-7-8196223.html |access-date=2023-07-07 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#FFFF8D;" |'''10'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Aavegam''
|Vaisakh Sivaraman
|Naveen, Rajesh, Visakh
|V A Motion Pictures
|<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hxP4tJW0CVc |title=Aavegam Malayalam Full Movie {{!}} Vaisakh Sivaraman {{!}} Rajesh Heavans {{!}} Latest Malayalam Full Movie |date=2023-07-10 |last=Speed Audio Video Dubai |access-date=2025-01-07 |via=YouTube}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#FFFF8D;" |'''14'''
|''[[Padmini (2023 film)|Padmini]]''
|[[Senna Hegde]]
|[[Kunchacko Boban]], [[Madonna Sebastian]], [[Aparna Balamurali]], [[Vincy Aloshious]], [[Malavika Menon]], [[Anaswara Rajan]]
|Little Big Films
|<ref>Padmini release | 'പദ്മിനി' വരുന്ന തിയതി കുറിച്ചു; കുഞ്ചാക്കോ ബോബൻ ചിത്രം റിലീസ് ചെയ്യുക ഈ ദിവസം | Release of Kunchacko Boban movie announced after it was postponed earlier – News18 Malayalam</ref>
|-
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;background:#FFFF8D;" |'''21'''
|''Abhyuham''
|Akhil Sreenivas
|[[Ajmal Ameer]], [[Rahul Madhav]], [[Athmiya Rajan]]
|Movie Wagon Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/abhyuham/ET00364410|title=Abhyuham (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Akasham Kadann''
|Sidhique Kodiyathur
|[[Maqbool Salmaan]], Bhuvansewari Biju, Priya Sreejith
|Dawn Cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/akasham-kadann/ET00364475|title=Akasham Kadann (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Bhagavan Dasante Ramarajyam''
|Rasheed Parambil
|[[T. G. Ravi]], Akshay Radhakrishnan, Nandana Rajan, [[Irshad Ali (actor)|Irshad]]
|Robin Reels Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/bhagavan-dasante-ramarajyam/ET00364767|title=Bhagavan Dasante Ramarajyam (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Kirkkan]]''
|Josh Bal
|[[Kani Kusruti]], [[Anarkali Marikar]], [[Maqbool Salmaan]]
|Mampra Cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/kirkkan/ET00364630|title=Kirkkan (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Valatty]]''
|Devan Jayakumar
|[[Vijay Babu (actor, born 1976)|Vijay Babu]], [[Mahima Nambiar]], [[Rohini (actress)|Rohini]]
|Friday Film House
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/valatty/ET00361166|title=Valatty (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;background:#FFFF8D;" |'''23'''
| style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Njaan Karnan''
|Srichithra Pradeep
|T. S. Raju, Tony, Srichithra Pradeep, Pradeep Raj
|Sriya Creations
|<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pZaZT9604dA |title=ഞാന്‍ കര്‍ണ്ണന്‍ {{!}} Njan Karnan {{!}} Malayalam movie |date=2023-07-22 |last=Sriya Creations |access-date=2026-01-11 |via=YouTube}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;background:#FFFF8D;" |'''27'''
|''[[Kurukkan]]''
|Jayalal Divakaran
|[[Vineeth Sreenivasan]], [[Sreenivasan]], [[Shine Tom Chacko]], [[Malavika Menon]], [[Gowri Nandha]]
|Varnachitra
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-22 |title=Kurukkan movie {{!}} ശ്രീനിവാസനും വിനീത് ശ്രീനിവാസനും; കുറുക്കന് ക്ലീൻ U; റിലീസ് തിയതിയും പ്രഖ്യാപിച്ചു |url=https://malayalam.news18.com/news/film/movies-kurukkan-movie-of-sreenivasan-and-vineeth-sreenivasan-gets-a-release-date-mm-615169.html |access-date=2023-07-27 |website=News18 Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;background:#FFFF8D;" |'''28'''
|''[[Article 21 (film)|Article 21]]''
|Lenin Balakrishnan
|[[Lena (actress)|Lena]], [[Aju Varghese]], [[Joju George]], Nandan Rajesh
|Walk With Cinema
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/article-21/ET00365289|title=Article 21 (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Article 21U |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movie-details/article-21/movieshow/102165937.cms |access-date=2023-07-27 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Njaan Ippo Enthaa Cheyya''
|Vijay Menon
|Abhimanyu Gowtham, Deepa Thomas
|Menon Stories
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-07-25 |title=Malayalam director Vijay Menon: 'Njaan Ippo Entha Cheyya' is about urban angst |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/director-vijay-menon-on-his-movie-njaan-ippo-entha-cheyya/article67109051.ece |access-date=2023-07-31 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Vijay Menon's Njaan Ippo Entha Cheyya is about urban angst |url=https://www.indulgexpress.com/entertainment/cinema/2023/jul/28/vijay-menons-njaan-ippo-entha-cheyya-is-about-urban-angst-51496.html |access-date=2023-07-31 |website=www.indulgexpress.com |date=28 July 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Sheela''
|Balu Narayanan
|[[Ragini Dwivedi]]. [[Riyaz Khan]], [[Chitra Shenoy]]
|Priya Lakshmi Media
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-27 |title=Sheela Marks Ragini Dwivedi's Return To Malayalam Cinema After 11 Years, Trailer Out |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/sheela-marks-ragini-dwivedis-return-to-malayalam-cinema-after-11-years-trailer-out-8436301.html |access-date=2023-07-27 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Voice of Sathyanathan]]''
|[[Rafi-Mecartin|Rafi]]
|[[Dileep]], [[Veena Nandakumar]], [[Joju George]], [[Jagapathi Babu]]
|Pen & Paper Creations, Badusha Cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-26 |title='വോയിസ് ഓഫ് സത്യനാഥൻ' ജൂലൈ 28ന് തിയേറ്ററുകളിലേക്ക് |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/voice-of-sathyanathan-to-release-on-july-28-dileep-joju-george-film-veena-nandakumar-1.8763351 |access-date=2023-07-27 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="27" style="text-align:center;background:#FF5722; textcolor:#000;" |'''A U G U S T'''
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#FF8A65;" |'''1'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Laala''
|Sathish P Babu
|Pranav Mohan, Yamuna Chungappalli, Gargi Gangan
|Reel Carnival entertainment
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=ഡെസ്ക് |first=എന്റർടെയ്ൻമെന്റ് |date=2023-07-31 |title='പെണ്ണിന് ആണുങ്ങള്‍ കൊടുക്കുന്ന ഔദാര്യത്തിന്റെ പേരല്ലേ സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം'; 'ലാല' ആഗസ്റ്റ് ഒന്നിന് |url=https://www.thefourthnews.in/entertainment/malayalam-movie-lala-releasing-on-august-one |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=The Fourth |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-29 |title=സോഷ്യൽ പൊളിറ്റിക്കൽ സറ്റയർ ചിത്രം 'ലാല' പ്രദർശനത്തിനൊരുങ്ങുന്നു |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/political-satire-movie-laala-ott-release-1.8772533 |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="8" style="text-align:center;background:#FF8A65;" |'''4'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Anakku Enthinte Keda''
|Shameer Bharathanoor
|Akhil Prabhakar, Sneha Ajith, Veena Nair
|BMC Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/anakku-enthinte-keda/ET00365394|title=Anakku Enthinte Keda (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ഡെസ്ക് |first=വെബ് |date=2023-08-02 |title='അനക്ക് എന്തിന്റെ കേടാ' ആഗസ്റ്റ് നാലിന് തിയറ്ററുകളിലേക്ക് {{!}} Madhyamam |url=https://www.madhyamam.com/entertainment/movie-news/anakku-enthinte-keda-movie-released-on-august-4-1187772 |access-date=2023-08-03 |website=www.madhyamam.com |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Corona Dhavan]]''
|Nithin CC
|[[Lukman Avaran]], [[Sreenath Bhasi]], [[Sruthy Jayan]]
|James and Jerome Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/corona-dhavan/ET00365979|title=Corona Dhavan (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Kenkemam''
|Shamon B Parelil
|[[Bhagath Manuel]], [[Salim Kumar]]
|On Demands In
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/kenkemam/ET00318629|title=Kenkemam (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Nila (2023 film)|Nila]]''
|Indu Lakshmi
| [[Shanthi Krishna]], [[Mamukkoya]], [[Vineeth]]
|[[Kerala State Film Development Corporation]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/nila/ET00365406|title=Nila (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Olam''
|VS Abhilash
|[[Arjun Ashokan]], [[Lena (actress)|Lena]]
|Punathil Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/olam/ET00365521|title=Olam (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Purple Poppins''
|MBS Shine
|Nissa Sumai, MBS Shine, Tapan Dev
|Siyaram Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/purple-poppins/ET00363736|title=Purple Poppins (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Pullu''
|Praveen Kelikkoden
|Reina Maria
|First Clap Film
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/pullu/ET00366180|title=Pullu (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Pappachan Olivilanu]]''
|Sinto Sunny
|[[Saiju Kurup]], [[Srinda]], [[Vijayaraghavan]], [[Aju Varghese|Aju Varghese, Darshana S Nair]]
|Thomas Thiruvalla Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/pappachan-olivilanu/ET00363949|title=Pappachan Olivilanu (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#FF8A65;" |'''8'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Kalliyankattu Mana''
|Unnikrishnan Maruthorvattom
|[[Boban Alummoodan]], Sariga Sreekumar
|Hercules india services
|<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nuIZUDjlHKs |title=Kalliyankattu Mana Malayalam Full Movie {{!}} Latest Malayalam Horror Movie {{!}} New Released Full Movie |date=2023-08-09 |last=Speed Audio Video Dubai |access-date=2025-01-07 |via=YouTube}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;background:#FF8A65;" |'''11'''
|''[[Baakki Vannavar]]''
|Amal Prasi
|Salmanul, Anekh Bozs, Mirshan Khan, Nithin Babu
|Blue Collar Cinemas, Collective Phase One
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/baakki-vannavar/ET00366879|title=Baakki Vannavar (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Jaladhara Pumpset Since 1962]]''
|Ashish Chinnappa
|[[Indrans]], [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]], [[Sanusha]], [[Jayan Cherthala]], [[T. G. Ravi]]
|Wonderframes Filmland
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/jaladhara-pumpset-since-1962/ET00366398|title=Jaladhara Pumpset Since 1962 (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Kunjamminis Hospital]]''
|Sanal V Devan
|[[Indrajith Sukumaran|Indrajith]], [[Nyla Usha]], [[Sarayu Mohan]], [[Baburaj (actor)|Baburaj]]
|Wow Cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/kunjamminis-hospital/ET00365209|title=Kunjamminis Hospital (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Munna''
|Surendran Kallur
|[[Jagadish]], [[Indrans]]
|Chandrothveettil Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/munna/ET00366310|title=Munna (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Samara (2023 film)|Samara]]''
|Charles Joseph
|[[Rahman (actor)|Rahman]], [[Bharath (actor)|Bharath]]
|Peacock Art House
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/samara/ET00366005|title=Samara (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#FF8A65;" |'''17'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Avakashikal''
|N Arun
|[[Irshad Ali (actor)]], [[T. G. Ravi]], [[Anju Aravind]], Kukku Parameswaran
|Real View Creations
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Avakasikal {{!}} ഒടിടി റിലീസായി 'അവകാശികൾ' നാളെയെത്തും; ശ്രദ്ധയാകര്‍ഷിച്ച് ട്രെയിലർ |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/malayalam/kerala/entertainment/movie/n-arun-avakasikal-movie-release/kerala20230816205723063063795 |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=ETV Bharat News |date=16 August 2023 |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-07 |title=ടി.ജി രവിയും ഇര്‍ഷാദും പ്രധാന വേഷത്തില്‍; ചലച്ചിത്ര അക്കാദമി അംഗം എൻ.അരുണിന്‍റെ 'അവകാശികള്‍' ഒടിടി റിലീസിന് |url=https://malayalam.news18.com/news/film/tj-ravi-irshad-starring-movie-avakashikal-ott-release-director-n-arun-ak-618425.html |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=News18 മലയാളം |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ഡെസ്ക് |first=ന്യൂസ് |date=2023-08-08 |title=ടി ജി രവിയുടെ ഇരുനൂറ്റി അൻപതാം സിനി‌മ; അവകാശികൾ ഓഗസ്റ്റ് 17ന് പ്രദർശനത്തിനെത്തും |url=https://www.southlive.in/movie/avakasikal-movie-will-release-on-augest-17-th |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=Southlive |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;background:#FF8A65;" |'''18'''
|''August 27''
|Ajit Ravi
|Shiju Rasheed, Sushmitha Gopinadh, Jaseela Parveen
|Pegasus Global Private Limited
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/august-27/ET00366930|title=August 27 (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Digital Village''
|Ulsav Rajeev
|Rishikesh P, Amrith Sanath, Vyshnav Kunju
|Yulin Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/digital-village/ET00367000|title=Digital Village (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Jailer (2023 Malayalam film)|Jailer]]''
|Sakkir Madathil
|[[Dhyan Sreenivasan]], [[Manoj K. Jayan]], [[Divya Pillai]]
|Golden Village Production
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/jailer-malayalam/ET00365786|title=Jailer (Malayalam) (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Irattachanakan''
|Johny Asamsa
|Varun Dev, [[Tomichan Mulakuppadam]], [[N. Jayaraj]], [[Job Maichil]], Jince Joseph, Praveen Neelambaran
|Himuchri Creations
|<ref>https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/kochi/irattachankan/ET00364560</ref>
|-
|''Sasiyum Sakunthalayum''
|Bichal Muhammed
|Shaheen Siddique, Aami, [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]]
|Aami Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/sasiyum-sakunthalyum/ET00367037|title=Sasiyum Sakunthalyum (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-22 |title='ശശിയും ശകുന്തളയും' പ്രദർശനത്തിന് |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/sasiyum-sakunthalayum-malayalam-film-rs-vimal-1.8333136 |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''[[1001 Nunakal|Aayirathonnu Nunakal]]''
|Thamar K V
|Vishnu Agastya, Ramya Suresh, Shamla Hamsa,
|Allens Media
|<ref>{{Cite web |title='ആയിരത്തൊന്ന് നുണകൾ'; ഒടിടി റിലീസ് നാളെ |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/malayalam/kerala/entertainment/movie/aayirathonnu-nunakal-to-stream-on-sonyliv-from-tomorrow/kerala20230817164305267267287 |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=ETV Bharat News |date=17 August 2023 |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#FF8A65;" |'''24'''
| ''[[King of Kotha]]''
| Abhilash Joshiy
| [[Dulquer Salmaan]], [[Prasanna (actor)|Prasanna]], [[Aishwarya Lekshmi]]
| [[Wayfarer Films]], [[Zee Studios]]
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-08-17 |title=Dulquer Salmaan: 'King Of Kotha' is my most expensive film to date! |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/dulquer-salmaan-king-of-kotha-is-my-most-expensive-film-to-date/articleshow/102803657.cms |access-date=2023-08-17 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;background:#FF8A65;" |'''25'''
|''[[Ramachandra Boss & Co]]''
|[[Haneef Adeni]]
|[[Nivin Pauly]], [[Mamitha Baiju]], [[Aarsha Chandini Baiju]], [[Vinay Forrt]]
|Magic Frames
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-22 |title=Ramachandra Boss and Co trailer: Nivin Pauly film promises an exciting blend of action, suspense and humour |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/ramachandra-boss-and-co-trailer-nivin-pauly-film-blend-action-suspense-humour-watch-8903237/ |access-date=2023-08-22 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''[[RDX: Robert Dony Xavier]]''
|[[Nahas Hidhayath]]
|[[Shane Nigam]], [[Antony Varghese]], [[Neeraj Madhav]], [[Mahima Nambiar]]
|Weekend Blockbusters
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=7 Onam 2023 Malayalam releases on OTT, theatres: King of Kotha, RDX to Dhoomam |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/7-must-watch-onam-2023-malayalam-releases-on-ott-theatres-king-of-kotha-rdx-to-madhura-manohara-moham/6eec14a388556 |access-date=2023-08-22 |website=OTTPlay |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Onnam Sakshi Parethan''
|Arun Vanja Raju
|Visakh, Harikrishnan Sanu, Nikhita, VInaya
|AVR Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=honey |title='ഒന്നാം സാക്ഷി പരേതന്' ഡയറക്‍ട് ഒടിടി റിലീസ് |url=https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment-news/onnam-sakshi-parethan-film-ott-release-hrk-rzw7dh |access-date=2023-08-31 |website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Onnaam Sakshi Parethan [2023] {{!}} ഒന്നാം സാക്ഷി പരേതൻ [2023] |url=https://malayalasangeetham.info/m.php?2120 |access-date=2023-08-31 |website=malayalasangeetham.info}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pavithran |first=Suja |date=2023-08-22 |title='ഒന്നാം സാക്ഷി പരേതൻ' ഓണം റിലീസായി ഓ ടി ടി യിൽ എത്തുന്നു {{!}} Coming Soon, New Release, Onam release, Onnam Sakshi Parethan, ott |url=https://www.eastcoastdaily.com/movie/2023/08/22/onnam-sakshi-parethan-coming-in-ott-as-an-onam-release/ |access-date=2023-08-31 |website=East Coast Movies & Entertainments News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ബൂലോകം |date=2023-08-27 |title='ഒന്നാം സാക്ഷി പരേതൻ', ഒരു വട്ടം കണ്ടിരിക്കാവുന്ന ഒരു കൊച്ചു ചിത്രം {{!}} Boolokam |url=https://boolokam.com/onam-sakshi-parethan-review/,%20https://boolokam.com/onam-sakshi-parethan-review/ |access-date=2023-08-31 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|style="text-align:center;background:#FF8A65;" |'''26'''
|''Achanoru Vazha Vechu''
|Saandeep
|[[Niranj Maniyanpilla Raju]], [[Athmiya Rajan]], [[A. V. Anoop]], [[Dhyan Sreenivasan]], [[Appani Sarath]], [[Johny Antony]], [[Mukesh (actor)|Mukesh]], [[Lena (actress)|Lena]], [[Shanthi Krishna]]
|AVA Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Achan Oru Vazha Vechu (2023) - Movie {{!}} Reviews, Cast & Release |url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/achan-oru-vazha-vechu/ET00367625 |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=in.bookmyshow.com}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="19" style="text-align:center; background:#FF8F00; " |'''S E P T E M B E R '''
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#FFCA28;" |'''8'''
|''[[Mukalparappu]]''
|Siby Padiyara
|Sunil Surya, Aparna Janardhanan
|Jyothis Vision
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mukalparappu Official Trailer തെയ്യങ്ങളുടെ പശ്ചാത്തലത്തിൽ പാരിസ്ഥിതിക വിഷയങ്ങള്‍ പ്രമേയമാക്കി 'മുകൾപ്പരപ്പ്'; കയ്യടിനേടി ട്രെയിലർ |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/malayalam/kerala/entertainment/movie/mukalparappu-official-trailer/kerala20230828123907131131324 |access-date=2023-08-31 |website=ETV Bharat News |date=28 August 2023 |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|''Nerchappetty''
|Babu John
|Athul Suresh, Naira Nihar
|Sky Gate Movies
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/nerchappetty/ET00364598|title=Nerchappetty (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; background:#FFCA28;" | '''15'''
|''[[Kasargold]]''
| Mridul Nair
| [[Asif Ali (actor)|Asif Ali]], [[Sunny Wayne]], Malavika Sreenath, [[Vinayakan]], Anjana Mohan
| [[Yoodlee Films]], Mukhari Entertainment LLP
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-07-29 |title=Asif Ali's 'Kasargold' all set to unleash breathtaking thrills upon its release on September 15 |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/asif-alis-kasargold-all-set-to-unleash-breathtaking-thrills-upon-its-release-on-september-15/articleshow/102234429.cms |access-date=2023-08-19 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Nadhikalil Sundari Yamuna]]''
|Vijesh Panathur, Unni Vellora
|[[Dhyan Sreenivasan]], [[Pragya Nagra]], [[Aju Varghese]]
|Cinematica Films
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-08-27 |title=Makers of 'Nadikalil Sundari Yamuna' recreates Mohanlal's 'Vellarapoomala Mele' |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/makers-of-nadikalil-sundari-yamuna-recreates-mohanlals-vellarapoomala-mele/articleshow/103101413.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-08-31 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
|''Praavu''
|Navaz Ali
|[[Amith Chakalakkal]], Yami Sona, Jamsheena Jamal
|CET Cinema Pvt. Ltd.
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/praavu/ET00368928|title=Praavu (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#FFCA28;" | '''20'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Thottampatturayunna Malepothi''
|Firose
|Manoj Guninness, [[Meenakshi Anoop]], [[Saju Kodiyan]]
|Single Bridge Films
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=ഡെസ്ക് |first=വെബ് |date=2023-09-16 |title=മീനാക്ഷിയും മനോജ്‌ ഗിന്നസും പ്രധാനവേഷത്തിൽ എത്തുന്ന 'തോറ്റംപാട്ടുറയുന്ന മലേപൊതി' ഒ. ടി.ടി റിലീസിനൊരുങ്ങുന്നു {{!}} Madhyamam |url=https://www.madhyamam.com/entertainment/movie-news/thottampatturayunna-malepothy-movie-release-date-out-1203777 |access-date=2023-09-24 |website=www.madhyamam.com |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Thottampatturayunna Malepothi OTT Release മീനാക്ഷിയും മനോജ് ഗിന്നസും പ്രധാന വേഷങ്ങളില്‍, ഒടിടി റിലീസിനൊരുങ്ങി തോറ്റംപാട്ടുറയുന്ന മലേപൊതി |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/malayalam/kerala/entertainment/movie/thottampatturayunna-malepothi-ott-release-date-announced/kerala20230916154213996996908 |access-date=2023-09-24 |website=ETV Bharat News |date=16 September 2023 |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-15 |title=തോറ്റംപാട്ടുറയുന്ന മലേപൊതി സെപ്റ്റംബര്‍ 20ന് എച്ച്ആര്‍ ഒടിടിയില്‍ റിലീസ് |url=https://www.malayalamnewsdaily.com/node/882326/entertainment/malepothi-releasing-20th-september-hr-ott |access-date=2023-09-24 |website=Malayalam News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-16 |title=Thottampatturayunna Malepothy: 'തോറ്റംപാട്ടുറയുന്ന മലേപൊതി'; സെപ്റ്റംബർ 20ന് എച്ച്ആർ ഒടിടിയിൽ റിലീസ് |url=https://zeenews.india.com/malayalam/movies/thottampatturayunna-malepothy-movie-released-soon-on-hr-ott-159505 |access-date=2023-09-24 |website=Zee News Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#FFCA28;" | '''21'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Athirayude Makal Anjali - Chapter 1''
|[[Santhosh Pandit]]
|Santosh Pandit, Nimisha, Twinkle, Thejaswini
|Sree Krishna Films
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=അഞ്ച് ലക്ഷം ബഡ്ജറ്റില്‍ സന്തോഷ് പണ്ഡിറ്റിന്റെ പുതിയ സിനിമ; ആതിരയുടെ മകള്‍ അഞ്ജലി! |url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/malayalam-cinema/movie-news/santosh-pandits-new-film-athirayude-makal-anjali-is-about-to-release/articleshow/103753767.cms |access-date=2023-09-21 |website=Samayam Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=nithya |title='ആതിരയുടെ മകള്‍ അഞ്ജലി' എത്തുന്നത് രണ്ട് ഭാഗങ്ങളിൽ, ബജറ്റ് 5ലക്ഷം: സന്തോഷ് പണ്ഡിറ്റ് |url=https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment-news/santhosh-pandit-says-his-athirayude-makal-anjali-movie-released-in-2-part-nrn-s10y25 |access-date=2023-09-21 |website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='ഇത് പാൻ കോഴിക്കോട് ചിത്രം'; സന്തോഷ് പണ്ഡിറ്റിന്റെ 'ആതിരയുടെ മകൾ അഞ്ജലി' ഇന്ന് മുതൽ |url=https://malayalam.indiatoday.in/cinema/story/santosh-pandits-athirayude-makal-anjali-from-today-681840-2023-09-21 |access-date=2023-09-21 |website=India Today Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Rani: The Real Story]]''
|[[Shanker Ramakrishnan]]
|Niyathi Kadambi, [[Indrans]], [[Honey Rose|Urvashi]], [[Guru Somasundaram]], Bhavana, [[Honey Rose]]
|Magictail Works
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/rani-the-real-story/ET00370120|title=Rani - The Real Story (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="7" style="text-align:center; background:#FFCA28;" | '''22'''
|''Akkuvinte Padachon''
|Murukan Melery
|Master Vinayak, [[Mamukkoya]], [[Shivaji Guruvayoor]]
|Vinayakananda Cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/akkuvinte-padachon/ET00370016|title=Akkuvinte Padachon (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''La Tomatina''
|Sajeevan Anthikkad
|[[Joy Mathew]], Maria Thompson, [[Sreejith Ravi]]
|Freethought Cinema
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/la-tomatina/ET00369767|title=La Tomatina (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Mister Hacker''
|Harris Kallar
|Harris Kallar, [[Anna Rajan]], Almas Motiwala
|CFC Films
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-19 |title=ഹാരിസും അന്ന രാജനും ഒന്നിക്കുന്ന 'മിസ്റ്റർ ഹാക്കർ' സെപ്തംബർ 22ന് |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/mister-hacker-movie-release-date-reshma-anna-reshma-rajan-new-malayalam-movie-1.8917346 |access-date=2023-09-21 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/mister-hacker/ET00370236|title=Mister Hacker (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Oruvattam Koodi''
|Sabu James
|[[Senthil Krishna]], Manoj Nandam, Amala Rose, [[Urmila Mahanta]]
|Three Bells International
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/oruvattam-koodi/ET00369416|title=Oruvattam Koodi (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Theeppori Benny]]''
|Raajesh Joji
|[[Arjun Ashokan]], Femina George, [[Jagadish]]
|Shebin Backer Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/theeppori-benny/ET00370130|title=Theeppori Benny (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Vaathil''
|Sarju Ramakanth
|[[Vinay Forrt]], [[Anu Sithara]], [[Krishna Sankar]]
|Spark Pictures
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/vaathil/ET00368432|title=Vaathil (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Vallicheruppu''
|Sreebharathi
|Bijoy Kumar, Finn Bijoy, Chinnusree Valsalan
|Sreemuruka Movie Makers
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/vallicheruppu/ET00370377|title=Vallicheruppu (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Web Desk |date=2023-09-19 |title=വള്ളിച്ചെരുപ്പ് സെപ്തംബര്‍ 22ന് തിയറ്ററുകളില്‍ |url=https://www.mediaoneonline.com/entertainment/vallicheruppu-malayalam-movie-release-on-22nd-september-231194 |access-date=2023-09-21 |website=www.mediaoneonline.com |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#FFCA28;" | '''25'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Janvi''
|Rajendran Thevassery
|Rahul Radhakrishnan, Preethi Jino, [[Joy Mathew]], [[Pradeep Kottayam]], [[Devan (actor)|Devan]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Janvi {{!}} ജാൻവി - Mallu Release {{!}} Watch Malayalam Full Movies |url=https://www.mallurelease.com/2022/10/janvi-movie.html |access-date=2023-09-26 |language=english}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Jhaanvi [2023] |url=https://en.msidb.org/m.php?568 |access-date=2023-09-26 |website=en.msidb.org}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#FFCA28;" | '''28'''
|''[[Kannur Squad]]''
|[[Roby Varghese Raj]]
|[[Mammootty]], [[Rony David]], [[Shabareesh Varma]], [[Azees Nedumangad]]
|Mammootty Kampany
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-09-21 |title=Mammootty's 'Kannur Squad' censored with a U/A; the film to release on September 28 |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/mammoottys-kannur-squad-censored-with-u/a-the-film-to-release-on-september-28/articleshow/103828712.cms |access-date=2023-09-23 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#FFCA28;" |'''29'''
|''8''
|Roshin A Rahman
|Irfan Imam, Aneesha Ummer, Lekshmi Devan, Aritha Babu
|Violet Films
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=8 (Malayalam) (2023) - Movie {{!}} Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow |url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/8-malayalam/ET00370670 |website=}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Ennivar''
|[[Sidhartha Siva]]
|[[Sarjano Khalid]], [[Sudheesh]]
|1:1.3 Entertainments
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-27 |title='എന്നിവരു'മായി സിദ്ധാർഥ് ശിവ; ട്രെയ്‌ലർ കാണാം |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/ennivar-official-ott-trailer-sidhartha-siva-sarjano-khalid-sooraj-s-kurup-saina-play-1.8939898 |access-date=2023-10-03 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-28 |title=Ennivar {{!}} സംവിധായകന്റെ കുപ്പായത്തിൽ സിദ്ധാർഥ ശിവ വീണ്ടും; 'എന്നിവർ' ട്രെയ്‌ലർ |url=https://malayalam.news18.com/news/film/movies-trailer-for-the-movie-ennivar-directed-by-sidharth-siva-mm-628378.html |access-date=2023-10-03 |website=News18 Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref>
|}

== October – December ==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="2" class="unsortable" |Opening
!Title
!Director
!Cast
!Production company / Studio
!Ref
|-
| rowspan="20" style="text-align:center; background:#aa00ff; textcolor:#000;" |'''O C T O B E R'''
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#d580ff;" |'''5'''
| ''[[Chaaver]]''
| Tinu Pappachan
|[[Kunchacko Boban]], [[Antony Varghese]], [[Arjun Ashokan]]
| Arun Narayanan Productions, Kavya Films
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tinu Pappachan's Chaaver locks a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/sep/28/tinu-pappachanschaaverlocks-a-release-date-48096.html |access-date=2023-09-29 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=28 September 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''[[Acid (2023 Malayalam film)|''Acid'']]''
|Gokul K
|Madhav Chandran, Nikhil Jayan, Sneha Treesa, Prabisha Prem
|Moonglade Films
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-06 |title=Acid OTT Release Date: Where to Watch the Malayalam Film |url=https://pricebaba.com/blog/acid-ott-release-date |access-date=2023-10-06 |website=Pricebaba.com Daily |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://malayalam.filmibeat.com/movies/acid.html|title=Acid (2023) Movie: കാസ്റ്റ് & ക്രു, റിലീസ് ഡേറ്റ്, ട്രൈലെർ, സോങ്‌സ്, നിരൂപണം, ആസിഡ് വാർത്തകൾ, ഫോട്ടോസ്, വീഡിയോസ് - Filmibeat Malayalam}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#d580ff;" |'''6'''
|''Aaromalinde Adhyathe Pranayam''
|Mubeen Rauf
|Siddique Zaman, Amana Sreeni, [[Salim Kumar]]
|Frame 2 Frame Motion Pictures
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/aaromalinde-adhyathe-pranayam/ET00371515|title=Aaromalinde Adhyathe Pranayam (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ആരോമലിന്റെ ആദ്യത്തെ പ്രണയം പൂര്‍ത്തിയായി |url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/malayalam-cinema/movie-news/upcoming-movie-aromalinte-aadyathe-pranayam-shooting-finished/articleshow/96177833.cms |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=Samayam Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=webAdminCanhelp |date=2022-12-13 |title=കന്നട നടന്‍ സിദ്ദിഖ് സാമന്‍ ആദ്യമായി മലയാളത്തില്‍. ചിത്രം ആരോമലിന്റെ ആദ്യത്തെ പ്രണയം - Kannada actor Siddique Saman for the first time in Malayalam. Movie Aromalinte Adyathe Pranayam |url=https://www.canchannels.com/kannada-actor-siddique-saman-for-the-first-time-in-malayalam-movie-aromalinte-adyathe-pranayam/ |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=Canchannels |language=en-GB}}</ref>
|-
|''Innalekal Thalirkkumbol''
|Sadanandan M V
|Stephy Leon, Joyson Jose, Sarath Krishnan, Pramod Veliyanad,
|S & S Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/innalekal-thalirkkumbol/ET00371359|title=Innalekal Thalirkkumbol (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Kopam''
|K Mahendran
|[[Nedumudi Venu]], Alif Sha, Anjali Krishna, Allen Bleseena
|BMK Cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/kopam/ET00371360|title=Kopam (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Somante Krithavu''
|Rohith Narayanan
|[[Vinay Forrt]], Fara Shibila, Sruthy Suresh
|On Stage Cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/somante-krithavu/ET00371585|title=Somante Krithavu (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="6" style="text-align:center; background:#d580ff;" |'''13'''
|''14 February''
|Vijay Chambath
|Harith Vijayakrishnan, Aishwarya Nambiar, Apoorva Sasikumar
|Cloud 9 Film International
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-03 |title=14 February: പ്രണയ ആവിഷ്കാരമായി 14 ഫെബ്രുവരി; ചിത്രം ഉടൻ തിയേറ്ററുകളിലേക്ക് |url=https://zeenews.india.com/malayalam/movies/14-february-trailer-out-14-february-malayalam-movie-release-date-announced-162830 |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=Zee News Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/14-february/ET00372200|title=14 February (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Kondotty Pooram''
|Majeed Maranchery
|Hashim Abbas, Savanthika, Neha saxena, [[Mamukkoya]]
|Takeoff cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite web |title='കൊണ്ടോട്ടി പൂരം' 13ന് തിയറ്ററുകളിൽ |url=https://www.deshabhimani.com/news/kerala/news-malappuramkerala-05-10-2023/1121402 |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=Deshabhimani |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-26 |title=Kondotty Pooram {{!}} നായകനായി അറബ് വംശജൻ ഹാഷിം അബ്ബാസ്; 'കൊണ്ടോട്ടി പൂരം' ഒക്ടോബറിൽ തിയേറ്ററിലെത്തും |url=https://malayalam.news18.com/news/film/movies-malayalam-movie-kondotty-pooram-features-an-arab-as-its-protagonist-mm-627927.html |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=News18 Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|''KL 58S 4330 Ottayan''
|Rejin Naravoor
|[[Devan (actor)|Devan]], [[Santhosh Keezhattoor]], [[Anju Aravind]], Nirmal Palazhi, Aristo Suresh
|Ramyam Creations
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://janmabhumi.in/2023/09/26/3115447/entertainment/mollywood/new-malayalam-movie-8/|title=കെ എൽ-58 S-4330 ഒറ്റയാൻ" എന്ന സിനിമയുടെ വീഡിയോ ഗാനം റിലീസായി.|date=26 September 2023 }}</ref>
|-
|''[[Little Miss Rawther]]''
|Vishnu Dev
|[[Gouri G. Kishan]], Jishnu Sreekumar, Shersha Sherief, Nandini Goplakrishnan
|S Originals
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/little-miss-rawther/ET00371335|title=Little Miss Rawther (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-10 |title=ഗൗരി കിഷൻ നായികയാകുന്ന പ്രണയകഥ; 'ലിറ്റിൽ മിസ്സ്‌ റാവുത്തർ' റിലീസ് തീയതി പ്രഖ്യാപിച്ചു |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/gauri-kishan-movie-little-miss-rawther-release-date-announced-1.8974615 |access-date=2023-10-11 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Rahel Makan Kora''
|Ubaini Ebrahim
|[[Anson Paul]], [[Sminu Sijo]], Merin Philip, Althaf Salim, [[Vijayakumar (Malayalam actor)|Vijayakumar]]
|SKG Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/rahel-makan-kora/ET00372138|title=Rahel Makan Kora (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-11 |title=Rahel Makan Kora: 'റാഹേൽ മകൻ കോര' ഉടൻ തിയേറ്ററുകളിലേക്ക്; ട്രെയിലർ എത്തി |url=https://zeenews.india.com/malayalam/movies/rahel-makan-kora-trailer-out-now-movie-to-hit-theatres-on-october-13-164250 |access-date=2023-10-11 |website=Zee News Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://janamtv.com/80758089/|title=കെഎസ്ആർടിസി ജീവനക്കാരുടെ കഷ്ടതകൾ സ്‌ക്രീനിൽ; 'റാഹേൽ മകൻ കോര' തിയേറ്ററിലേക്ക്}}</ref>
|-
|''Velutha Madhuram''
|Jiju Orappadi
|[[Shwetha Menon]], [[Sudheer Karamana]], [[Santhosh Keezhattoor]], Surya Kiran, Afsana Lakshmi, Navani Karthi, Devika S Dev, Sabitha Ramith
|Vaikhari Creations
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/velutha-madhuram/ET00372149|title=Velutha Madhuram (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-06 |title=വെളുത്ത മധുരം 13ന് തീയേറ്ററിലേക്ക് |url=https://janayugomonline.com/velutha-maduram-hits-theaters-on-13th/ |access-date=2023-10-11 |website=Janayugom Online |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#d580ff;" |'''19'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Athirayude Makal Anjali - Chapter 2''
|[[Santhosh Pandit]]
|Santosh Pandit, Nimisha, Twinkle, Thejaswini
|Sree Krishna Films
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=anil |first=resmi |date=2023-10-04 |title='ആതിരയുടെ മകൾ അഞ്ജലി' രണ്ടാം ഭാഗം ഒക്ടോബർ അഞ്ചിനെത്തില്ല!! കാരണം വ്യക്തമാക്കി സന്തോഷ് പണ്ഡിറ്റ് {{!}} General, Latest News, Mollywood, NEWS, WOODs, santhosh pandit |url=https://www.eastcoastdaily.com/movie/2023/10/04/santhosh-pandit-about-athirayude-makal-anjali-chapter-2/ |access-date=2023-10-19 |website=East Coast Movies & Entertainments News |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#d580ff;" |'''20'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Oru Thulli Thaappa''
|Vivek Ramachandran
|[[Lal Jose]], Jamshi Kannur, Rohith Krishna, Ambili, Nakshathra, Anusree Pothan
|Richness Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-16 |title=Oru Thulli Thaappa OTT Release Date: Where and When to Watch the Malayalam Film |url=https://pricebaba.com/blog/oru-thulli-thaappa-ott-release-date |access-date=2023-10-19 |website=Pricebaba.com Daily |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.msidb.org/m.php?2257|title=Oru Thulli Thaappa [2023]|website=en.msidb.org}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:#d580ff;" |'''26'''
| ''[[Pulimada]]''
| [[A. K. Sajan]]
| [[Joju George]], [[Aishwarya Rajesh]], [[Chemban Vinod Jose]], [[Lijomol Jose]]
| Einstin Media, Lant Cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Joju's Pulimada gets a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/oct/06/jojus-pulimada-gets-a-release-date-48357.html |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=6 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center; background:#d580ff;" |'''27'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Don Vasco''
|Jojo Cyriac George
|Jojo Cyriac George, Ida Naja Becker, [[Jagadish]]
|DV Films
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Don Vasco on Saina Play |url=https://www.binged.com/streaming-premiere-dates/don-vasco-malayalam-movie-streaming-online-watch/ |access-date=2023-10-30 |website=Binged |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Don Vasco {{!}} ഡോൺ വാസ്കോ - Mallu Release {{!}} Watch Malayalam Full Movies |url=https://www.mallurelease.com/2023/10/don-vasco-movie.html |access-date=2023-10-30 |language=english}}</ref>
|-
|''Imbam''
|Sreejith chandran
|[[Deepak Parambol]], [[Meera Vasudevan]], [[Lalu Alex]], Darshana Sudarshan
|Mampra Cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/imbam/ET00371096|title=Imbam (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-23 |title=ടോട്ടൽ ഫാമിലി എന്റർടെയ്‌നർ;ലാലും അലക്സും ദീപക് പറമ്പോലും ഒന്നിക്കുന്ന 'ഇമ്പം' പ്രേക്ഷകരിലേക്ക് |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/imbam-malayalam-movie-to-be-released-soon-lalu-alex-starring-after-bro-daddy-1.8928432 |access-date=2023-10-26 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Otta (film)|Otta]]''
| [[Resul Pookutty]]
| [[Asif Ali (actor)|Asif Ali]], [[Arjun Ashokan]], [[Indrajith Sukumaran]]
| Children Reunited LLP, Resul Pookutty Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Otta trailer: Resul Pookutty's star-studded directorial debut promises some intense drama |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/oct/20/otta-trailer-resul-pookuttys-star-studded-directorial-debut-promises-some-intense-drama-48804.html |access-date=2023-10-25 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=20 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
<ref>{{Cite web |title= Rasool Pookutty talk about his new movie Otta|url=https://www.doolnews.com/rasool-pookutty-talk-about-his-new-movie-otta-136-64.html|website=Dool News}}</ref>
|-
|''Rani Chithira Marthanda''
|Pinku Peter
|Josekutty Jacob, Keerthana Sreekumar, [[Kottayam Nazeer]], Sini Abraham
|Once Upon A Time Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/rani-chithira-marthanda/ET00371558|title=Rani Chithira Marthanda (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-17 |title=പ്രണയം പറയാൻ ആൻസൺ എത്തുന്നു! റോംകോം ജോണറിലെത്തുന്ന 'റാണി ചിത്തിര മാർത്താണ്ഡ' |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/rani-chithira-marthanda-movie-first-look-poster-josekutty-jacob-1.8650648 |access-date=2023-10-26 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Thirayattam''
|Sajeev Kilikulam
|Jijo Gopi, Sreelakshmi Aravindakshan, Nadam Murali
|AR Mainland Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/thirayattam/ET00366961|title=Thirayattam (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ഡെസ്ക് |first=വെബ് |date=2023-06-24 |title=മലബാറിന്റെ പശ്ചാത്തലത്തിലുള്ള തെയ്യത്തിന്റെ കഥ; 'തിറയാട്ടം'- ടീസർ {{!}} Madhyamam |url=https://www.madhyamam.com/entertainment/movie-news/thirayattam-movie-teaser-went-viral-1174294 |access-date=2023-10-26 |website=www.madhyamam.com |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='തിറയാട്ടം' ഒക്ടോബർ 27ന് തിയറ്ററിൽ |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/movies/movie-news/2023/10/26/thirayattam-release-on-october-27th.html |access-date=2023-10-26 |website=www.manoramaonline.com |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="20" style="text-align:center;background:#00E676; textcolor:#000;" |'''N O V E M B E R'''
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;background:#69F0AE;" |'''3'''
|''[[Garudan (2023 film)|Garudan]]''
|Arun Varma KP
|[[Suresh Gopi]], [[Biju Menon]], [[Abhirami (actress, born 1983)|Abhirami]], [[Divya Pillai]]
|Magic Frames
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/garudan/ET00374574|title=Garudan (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Oru Srilankan Sundari in AUH''
|Krishna Priyadarshan
|[[Anoop Menon]], Krishna Priyadarshan, Padmaraj Ratheesh
|Manhar Cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/oru-srilankan-sundari-in-auh/ET00371044|title=Oru Srilankan Sundari in AUH (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Oru Srilankan Sundari In Abu Dhabi Trailer Out{{!}} മലയാളത്തില്‍ ഒരു സംവിധായിക കൂടി, ഒരു ശ്രീലങ്കൻ സുന്ദരി ഇൻ അബുദാബിയുടെ ഓഡിയോ ട്രെയിലർ പുറത്തിറങ്ങി |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/malayalam/kerala/entertainment/movie/oru-srilankan-sundari-in-abu-dhabi-trailer-out/kerala20231009221952099099830 |access-date=2023-11-02 |website=ETV Bharat News |date=9 October 2023 |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-01 |title=Oru Sreelankan Sundari: അനൂപ് മേനോൻ ചിത്രം ഒരു ശ്രീലങ്കൻ സുന്ദരി നവംബർ മൂന്നിന് തിയേറ്ററുകളിലെത്തും |url=https://zeenews.india.com/malayalam/movies/oru-sreelankan-sundari-malayalam-movie-release-on-november-third-167838 |access-date=2023-11-02 |website=Zee News Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Oru Sadhachara Premakadha''
|Jayaraj Vijay
|[[Santhosh Keezhattoor]], [[Manikandan Pattambi]], Nayana, Jeeja Surendran, [[Thesni Khan]]
|Silver Movies International
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-03 |title=OTT Movie: ഒരു സദാചാര പ്രേമകഥ സൈന ഒടിടി പ്ലാറ്റ്ഫോമിൽ നവംബർ മൂന്നിന് സ്ട്രീമിങ് ആരംഭിക്കുന്നു |url=https://zeenews.india.com/malayalam/movies/oru-sadhachara-premakadha-movie-ott-streaming-starts-on-november-3-168066 |access-date=2023-11-06 |website=Zee News Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://janmabhumi.in/2023/11/03/3129936/entertainment/mollywood/malayalam-movie-28/|title=ഒരു സദാചാര പ്രേമകഥ എന്ന സിനിമ,സൈന ഒ ടി ടി പ്ലാറ്റ്ഫോമിൽ ഇന്ന് മുതൽ.|date=3 November 2023 }}</ref>
|-
|''[[Tholvi F.C.]]''
|George Kora
|[[Sharaf U Dheen]], [[Johny Antony]], Meenakshi Raveendran, Poonam Gurung
|Nationwide Pictures
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/tholvi-fc/ET00370585|title=Tholvi F.C. (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-31 |title='തോൽവി എഫ്‌സി' ചിത്രം നവംബർ മൂന്നിന് പ്രദർശനത്തിന് എത്തും |url=https://keralaonlinenews.com/entertainment/tholvi-fc-november-3/cid12602856.htm |access-date=2023-11-02 |website=keralaonlinenews.com |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;background:#69F0AE;" |'''10'''
|''Artharaathri Panthrandu Muthal Aaru Vare''
|Anto Titus, Krishna Prasad
|Robin Stephen, Reshma Maneesh, Gowri Krishna
|Arangam Studios
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=ഫാമിലി ത്രില്ലർ 'അർദ്ധരാത്രി പന്ത്രണ്ട് മുതൽ ആറ് വരെ'; ഉദ്വേഗമുണർത്തി ടീസർ |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/malayalam/kerala/entertainment/movie/artharaathri-panthrandu-muthal-aaru-vare-teaser/kerala20231031223131828828914 |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=ETV Bharat News |date=31 October 2023 |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/artharaathri-panthrandu-muthal-aaru-vare/ET00375546|title=Artharaathri Panthrandu Muthal Aaru Vare (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://janmabhumi.in/2023/11/05/3130885/entertainment/mollywood/ardharathri-panthrandu-muthal-aaru-vare-film-release-on-nov-10/|title='അര്‍ദ്ധരാത്രി പന്ത്രണ്ട് മുതല്‍ ആറ് വരെ'; ആന്റോ ടൈറ്റസ്, കൃഷ്ണ പ്രസാദ് സിനിമ 10ന് തീയേറ്ററുകളിലേക്ക്|date=5 November 2023 }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Bandra (film)|Bandra]]''
| Arun Gopy
| [[Dileep]], [[Tamannaah Bhatia]], [[Dino Morea]]
|Ajith Vinayaka Films
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-10-27 |title=Dileep's 'Bandra' gets a release date! |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/dileeps-bandra-gets-a-release-date/articleshow/104759234.cms |access-date=2023-11-02 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Vela (film)|Vela]]''
| Syam Sasi
| [[Shane Nigam]], [[Sunny Wayne]]
| Cyn-Cyl Celluloid
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shane Nigam-Sunny Wayne film Vela gets a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/oct/20/shane-nigam-sunny-wayne-film-vela-gets-a-releasedate-48795.html |access-date=2023-11-04 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=20 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="7" style="text-align:center;background:#69F0AE;" |'''17'''
|''[[Falimy]]''
|Nithish Sahadev
|[[Basil Joseph]]. [[Jagadish]], [[Manju Pillai]]
|Cheers Entertainments, Sooper Dooper films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/falimy/ET00376040|title=Falimy (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://janamtv.com/80776855/|title='ഫാലിമി'ക്ക് ക്ലീൻ യു സർട്ടിഫിക്കറ്റ്; ചിത്രം നവംബർ 17ന് പ്രദർശനത്തിനെത്തും}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ഡെസ്ക് |first=വെബ് |date=2023-11-09 |title=വീണ്ടും ഹിറ്റടിക്കാൻ ബേസിൽ; ഫാമിലി എന്റർടെയ്നറായ 'ഫാലിമി'യുടെ ട്രെയിലർ പുറത്ത് {{!}} Madhyamam |url=https://www.madhyamam.com/entertainment/movie-news/falimy-official-trailer-basil-joseph-nithish-sahadev-1223607 |access-date=2023-11-16 |website=www.madhyamam.com |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|''In the Rain''
|Aadhi Balakrishnan
|Abeni Aadhi
|Light f Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/in-the-rain/ET00375883|title=In The Rain (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-16 |title=In The Rain (2023) {{!}} In The Rain Malayalam Movie {{!}} Movie Reviews, Showtimes |url=https://www.nowrunning.com/movie/28910/in-the-rain/ |access-date=2023-11-20 |website=NOWRUNNING |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-04 |title='ഒരു വ്യക്തി ഒറ്റയ്ക്ക് സൃഷ്ടിച്ച സിനിമ, പോസ്റ്റർ പോലും ഉണ്ടാകണമെന്നില്ല; ലാഭം മുഴുവൻ ഭിന്നശേഷിക്കാരായ കുട്ടികളുടെ ക്ഷേമത്തിന്' സംവിധായകന്റെ കുറിപ്പ് |url=https://malayalam.news18.com/news/film/in-the-rain-malayalam-movie-director-aadhi-balakrishnan-facebook-post-rv-617742.html |access-date=2023-11-20 |website=News18 Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-05 |title=Malayalam Film In the Rain Weaves Nature Conservation With Stellar Performances |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/malayalam-film-in-the-rain-weaves-nature-conservation-with-stellar-performances-8513065.html |access-date=2023-11-20 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Neethi''
|Dr. Jessy
|Kunhikannan Cheruvathur, Binoj Kulathoor, Babu Athani, Aneesh Sreedhar
|Alwin Creation
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=ഡെസ്ക് |first=വെബ് |date=4 November 2023 |title=നീതി നിക്ഷേധിക്കപ്പെട്ട മനുഷ്യരുടെ പോരാട്ടത്തിന്റെ കഥ 'നീതി'; റിലീസിങ് തീയതി പുറത്ത് {{!}} Madhyamam |url=https://www.madhyamam.com/entertainment/movie-news/neethi-movie-releasing-date-out-1221840 |access-date=16 November 2023 |website=Madhyamam |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|''Ottamaram''
|Benoy Velloor
|[[Babu Namboothiri]], [[Neena Kurup]], Anjana Appukuttan
|Sooryaa Event Team
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ottamaram (2023) - Movie {{!}} Reviews, Cast & Release Date |url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/thrissur/movies/ottamaram/ET00376218 |website=BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Web Desk |date=15 November 2023 |title=ബന്ധങ്ങൾക്കിടയിൽ ശ്വാസം മുട്ടുന്നവരുടെ, നേർക്കാഴ്ച്ച; ഒറ്റമരം നവംബർ 17ന് റിലീസാകും |url=https://www.mediaoneonline.com/entertainment/movies/the-israeli-army-destroyed-the-medicine-warehouse-of-al-shifa-hospital-236885 |access-date=16 November 2023 |website=MediaOne |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Phoenix (2023 film)|Phoenix]]''
| Vishnu Bharathan
| [[Chandhunadh]], [[Aju Varghese]], [[Anoop Menon]], Abhirami Bose, Aradhya Ann
| Front Row Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Phoenix gets a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/oct/26/phoenix-gets-a-release-date-48977.html |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=26 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Sesham Mike-il Fathima]]''
| Manu C Kumar
| [[Kalyani Priyadarshan]], [[Shaheen Siddique]], Femina George, [[Gautham Vasudev Menon]]
| Passion Studios, The Route
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kalyani Priyadarshan's Sesham Mikel Fathima gets a new release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/oct/30/kalyani-priyadarshans-sesham-mikel-fathima-gets-a-new-release-date-49106.html |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=30 October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''[[The Face of the Faceless]]''
|Shaison P Ouseph
|[[Vincy Aloshious]], Jeet Matharru, Sonali Mohanty, Anjali Sathyanath, Ajeesh Joseph
|Tri Light Creations
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/the-face-of-the-faceless/ET00374284|title=The Face of the Faceless (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie - The Face of the Faceless by Tri Light Creations |url=http://thefaceofthefaceless.com/ |access-date=2023-11-16 |website=thefaceofthefaceless.com |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#69F0AE;" |'''23'''
| ''[[Kaathal – The Core]]''
| [[Jeo Baby]]
| [[Mammootty]], [[Jyothika]], Anagha Maya Ravi, [[Pooja Mohanraj]], Sudhi Kozhikode
| Mammootty Kampany
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mammootty: Let review and cinema go their own way |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/nov/20/mammootty-let-review-and-cinema-go-their-own-way-49718.html |access-date=2023-11-20 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=20 November 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;background:#69F0AE;" |'''24'''
|''[[Adrishya Jalakangal]]''
|[[Dr. Biju]]
|[[Tovino Thomas]], [[Nimisha Sajayan]], [[Indrans]]
|Ellanar Films, Mythri Movie Makers, Tovino Thomas Production
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-20 |title=Tovino Thomas starrer Adrishya Jalakangal creates history as it becomes first Malayalam film screened at TBNFF |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/tovino-thomas-starrer-adrishya-jalakangal-creates-history-as-it-becomes-first-malayalam-film-screened-at-tbnff-1259880 |access-date=2023-11-23 |website=PINKVILLA |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Class by a Soldier''
|Chinmayi Nair
|[[Vijay Yesudas]], [[Meenakshi Anoop]], [[Shwetha Menon]], [[Kalabhavan Shajohn]]
|Zaphenath Paneah International
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/class-by-a-soldier/ET00376580|title=Class by a Soldier (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Edwinte Namam''
|Arun Raj
|Master Farhan, Jennifer Mathew, Suresh Chitrasala, Rishi Suresh, Manju Yohannan
|Friends Film Production House
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Network |first=Express Kerala |date=2023-11-15 |title=സെന്‍സര്‍ ബോര്‍ഡിന്റെ ഇടപെടലില്‍ പേരുമാറ്റിയ 'എഡ്വിന്റെ നാമം' നവംബര്‍ 24ന് തിയേറ്ററുകളില്‍ |url=https://www.expresskerala.com/edwins-name-renamed-after-censor-board-intervention-hits-theaters-on-november-24.html |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=Express Kerala |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=ഡെസ്ക് |first=വെബ് |date=2023-11-14 |title=വിവാദത്തിനൊടുവിൽ 'കുരിശ്' എന്ന പേരുമാറ്റി; 'എഡ്വിന്‍റെ നാമം' 24ന് റിലീസ് ചെയ്യും |url=https://www.madhyamam.com/entertainment/movie-news/after-the-controversy-the-name-was-changed-to-kurish-edwin-namam-will-release-on-24th-1225671 |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=madhyamam.com |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Daily |first=Keralakaumudi |title='എഡ്വിന്റെ നാമം' പ്രദർശനത്തിന് |url=https://keralakaumudi.com/news/news.php?id=1189074 |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=Keralakaumudi Daily |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Edwinte Namam Movie (Nov 2023) - Trailer, Star Cast, Release Date |website=Ticketnew.com |url=https://ticketnew.com/movies/edwinte-namam-movie-detail-168093 |access-date=2023-11-24 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Maharani (2023 film)|Maharani]]''
|[[G. Marthandan]]
|[[Roshan Mathew]], [[Shine Tom Chacko]], Lizabeth Tomy, [[Sruthy Jayan]]
|SB Films, Badusha Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shine Tom Chacko, Roshan Mathew's Maharani, gets a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/oct/01/shine-tom-chacko-roshan-mathews-maharani-gets-a-release-date-48183.html |access-date=2023-11-23 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=October 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Pazhanjan Pranayam]]''
|Bineesh Kalarikkal
|[[Rony David Raj]], [[Vincy Aloshious]], [[Azees Nedumangad]]
|Ithihasa Movies
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/pazhanjan-pranayam/ET00373566|title=Pazhanjan Pranayam (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="30" style="text-align:center;background:#DA1884; textcolor:#000;" |'''D E C E M B E R'''
| rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;background:#FF91AF;" |'''1'''
|[[Antony (2023 film)|''Antony'']]
|[[Joshiy]]
|[[Joju George]], [[Kalyani Priyadarshan]], [[Chemban Vinod Jose]], [[Nyla Usha]]
|Einstin Media, Nextel Studios, Ultra Media Entertainments
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 November 2023 |title=ജോഷി-ജോജു ടീമിന്റെ 'ആന്റണി' ഡിസംബർ 1 മുതൽ തിയറ്ററുകളിൽ |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/movies/movie-news/2023/11/25/antony-movie-release-on-december-1st.html |website=Manorama Online |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=23 November 2023 |title=Bazooka To Antony, 3 Upcoming Malayalam Thrillers To Look Out For |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/bazooka-to-antony-3-upcoming-malayalam-thrillers-to-look-out-for-8673865.html |access-date= |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Asthra''
|Azaad Alavil
|[[Amith Chakalakkal]], Suhasini Kumaran, [[Senthil Krishna]]
|Porus Cinemas
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/asthra/ET00377487|title=Asthra (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Asthra lyrical video song 'അസ്‌ത്രാ' ആദ്യ ലിറിക്കൽ ഗാനം പുറത്ത്; ചിത്രം സെപ്റ്റംബർ 29ന് തിയേറ്ററുകളില്‍ |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/malayalam/kerala/entertainment/movie/asthra-lyrical-video-song-release-date-out/kerala20230820091822495495541 |access-date=2023-11-30 |website=ETV Bharat News |date=20 August 2023 |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|''Dance Party''
|Sohan Seenulal
|[[Shine Tom Chacko]], [[Vishnu Unnikrishnan]], [[Prayaga Martin]], Shraddha Gokul
|Olga Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/dance-party/ET00376141|title=Dance Party (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Krishna Kripa Sagaram''
|Anish Vasudevan
|[[Jayakrishnan]], Athira Murali, [[Kalabhavan Navas]], Aishwarya Sanjay
|Devidasan Creations
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-23 |title=കൃഷ്ണ കൃപാസാഗരം: വീടിനെ നെഞ്ചോടു ചേർക്കുന്ന എയർ ഫോഴ്സ് ഉദ്യോഗസ്ഥനായി ജയകൃഷ്ണൻ |url=https://malayalam.news18.com/news/film/movies-jayakrishnan-plays-lead-in-the-movie-krishnakripa-sagaram-mm-609944.html |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=News18 മലയാളം |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=honey |title=ജയകൃഷ്‍ണൻ നായകനായെത്തുന്ന കൃഷ്‍ണകൃപാ സാഗരം |url=https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment-news/actor-jayakrishnan-starrer-new-film-krishnakripa-sagaram-to-release-on-24-november-hrk-s44k2h |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-20 |title=Krishna Kripa Sagaram: എയർഫോഴ്സ് ഉദ്യോഗസ്ഥനായി ജയകൃഷ്ണൻ എത്തുന്നു; കൃഷ്ണ കൃപാസാഗരം നവംബർ 24 ന് തിയേറ്ററുകളിലേക്ക് |url=https://zeenews.india.com/malayalam/movies/krishna-kripa-sagaram-movie-will-be-released-on-november-24th-170660 |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=Zee News Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-29 |title=എയർഫോഴ്സ് ഉദ്യോഗസ്ഥനായി ജയകൃഷ്ണൻ; 'കൃഷ്ണ കൃപാസാഗരം' ഫസ്റ്റ് ലുക്ക് |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/krishna-kripa-sgaram-movie-firstlook-poster-released-jayakrishnan-1.8685686 |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-14 |title=ജയകൃഷ്ണന്‍ പ്രധാന വേഷത്തിലെത്തുന്ന 'കൃഷ്ണകൃപാസാഗരം' നവംബര്‍ 24ന് |url=https://www.malayalamnewsdaily.com/node/917226/entertainment/jayakrishnan-lead-role-krishna-kripasagaram-november-24 |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=Malayalam News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/krishna-kripasagram/ET00377707|title=Krishna Kripasagram (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Ochu''
|Sarjulan
|[[Sudheer Karamana]], Hima shankar, [[Kalabhavan Navas]]
|Roofland Production
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/ochu/ET00377710|title=Ochu (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-29 |title=സുധീർ കരമനയും നടിയും ബിഗ് ബോസ് താരവുമായ ഹിമ ശങ്കരിയും; 'ഒച്ച്' ചിത്രീകരണം ആരംഭിച്ചു |url=https://malayalam.news18.com/news/film/movies-sudheer-karamana-and-hima-shankari-in-the-movie-ochu-mm-605074.html |access-date=2023-11-30 |website=News18 മലയാളം |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Philip's (film)|Philip's]]''
| Alfred Kurian Joseph
| [[Mukesh (actor)|Mukesh]], [[Noble Babu Thomas]], [[Charle]], Navani Devanand, [[Sreedhanya]]
| Little Big Films
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-11-05 |title=Mukesh starrer 'Philips' set to release on November 24 |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/mukesh-starrer-philips-set-to-release-on-november-24/articleshow/104987730.cms |access-date=2023-11-17 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="9" style="text-align:center;background:#FF91AF;" |'''8'''
|''[[A Ranjith Cinema]]''
|Nishanth Sattu
|[[Asif Ali (actor)|Asif Ali]], [[Namitha Pramod]], [[Saiju Kurup]], [[Jewel Mary]]
|Luminous Film Factory
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/a-ranjith-cinema/ET00378097|title=A Ranjith Cinema (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Cheena Trophy]]''
|Anil Lal
|[[Dhyan Sreenivasan]], Kendy Zirdo, Devika Ramesh, [[Jaffar Idukki]]
|Presidential Movies Pvt Ltd
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/cheenatrophy/ET00373729|title=Cheenatrophy (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Kadhikan]]''
|[[Jayaraj]]
|[[Unni Mukundan]], [[Mukesh (actor)|Mukesh]], [[Ketaki Narayan]], Gopu Krishna
|Wide Screen Media Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/kadhikan/ET00378312|title=Kadhikan (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Nona''
|Rajesh Irulam
|[[Indrans]], Sisira Sebastian
|Mystical Rose Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/nona-the-truth-unravelled/ET00377481|title=Nona The Truth Unravelled (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Ohh... Cinderella''
|Renolze Rehman
|[[Anoop Menon]], Dilsha Prasannan
|Anoopmenon Storyz
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/ohh-cinderella/ET00378114|title=Ohh... Cinderella (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Pulli''
|Jiju Ashokan
|[[Dev Mohan]], Meenakshi Dinesh, [[Indrans]], [[Kalabhavan Shajohn]]
|Kamalam Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/pulli-2023/ET00377287|title=Pulli (2023) (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Rajni (film)|Rajni]]''
|Vinil Scariah Varghese
|[[Kalidas Jayaram]], [[Namitha Pramod]]
|Navarasa Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/kochi/movies/rajni/ET00375815|title=Rajni (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date in kochi- BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-11-17 |title='Aval Peyar Rajni' trailer: Kalidas Jayaram stars in an eerie mystery thriller |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/aval-peyar-rajni-trailer-kalidas-jayaram-stars-in-an-eerie-mystery-thriller/article67543941.ece |access-date=2023-11-27 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
|-
|''Rani''
|Nizamudeen Nazar
|[[Biju Sopanam]], Shivani Menon, [[Maqbool Salmaan]]
|SMT Productions
|<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/rani/ET00370017|title=Rani (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Thaal''
|Raja saagar
|[[Rahul Madhav]], [[Anson Paul]], [[Devi Ajith]]
|Great American Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/thaal/ET00378282|title=Thaal (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#FF91AF;" |'''11'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Heart of A Dog''
|Sreekrishnan K P
|Ramachandran Mokeri, Dhanya Ananya, Sanju Madhav
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |title='ഹാർട്ട് ഓഫ് എ ഡോഗ്' iStream OTT-ൽ: സ്ട്രീമിംഗ് ആരംഭിച്ചു |url=https://malayalam.indiatoday.in/cinema/story/heart-of-a-dog-on-istream-ott-streaming-has-started-724507-2023-12-11 |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=India Today Malayalam |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#FF91AF;" |'''14'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Aarodu Parayan Aaru Kelkkan''
|Sainu Chavakkadan
|[[Saju Navodaya]], Ranjini George
|High Hopes Film Factory
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-24 |title=നായകനായി സാജു നവോദയ; 'ആരോട് പറയാൻ ആരു കേൾക്കാൻ' സിനിമയുടെ ട്രെയിലർ പുറത്ത് |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/aarodu-parayan-aaru-kelkkan-movie-trailer-saju-navodaya-as-hero-1.9011788 |access-date=2024-01-01 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Aaroduparayan Aarukelkan {{!}} ആരോടുപറയാൻ ആരുകേൾക്കാൻ - Mallu Release {{!}} Watch Malayalam Full Movies |url=https://www.mallurelease.com/2021/12/aaroduparayan-aarukelkan.html |access-date=2024-01-01 |language=english}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=vipinvk |title=റൊമാൻ്റിക് ത്രില്ലർ 'ആരോട് പറയാൻ ആര് കേൾക്കാൻ' ട്രെയിലര്‍ എത്തി |url=https://www.asianetnews.com/trailer/aarodu-parayan-aaru-kelkkan-offical-trailer-sainu-chavakkadan-vvk-s31m0a |access-date=2024-01-01 |website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd |language=ml}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="7" style="text-align:center;background:#FF91AF;" |'''15'''
|''Achuthante Avasana Swasam''
|Ajay Ravi
|Joseph Chilaban, [[Pauly Valsan]], Anil Shivram
|Presto Movies
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/achuthante-avasana-swasam/ET00378432|title=Achuthante Avasana Swasam (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Bullet Diaries''
|Santhosh Mandoor
|[[Dhyan Sreenivasan]], [[Prayaga Martin]], [[Renji Panicker]]
|B3M Creations
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/bullet-diaries/ET00379111|title=Bullet Diaries (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Far''
|Praveen Peter
|Irena Mihalkovich, Praveen Peter, Abhinav Manikantan, Nila Cheviri
|Tioh Creative
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/far-2023/ET00379571|title=Far (2023) (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-14 |title=ഫാര്‍ 15ന് തിയേറ്ററുകളിലേക്ക് |url=https://www.malayalamnewsdaily.com/node/934386/entertainment/far-cinema-theatres-15th |access-date=2023-12-15 |website=Malayalam News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-14 |title=ട്രാവൽ ഡ്രാമാ 'ഫാർ' നാളെ മുതൽ തീയേറ്ററുകളിലേക്ക് |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/far-malayalam-movie-releases-travel-drama-1.9154690 |access-date=2023-12-15 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|''Kaathu Kaathoru Kalyanam''
|Jain Christopher
|Tony Sigimon, Christee Bennet
|Cherukara Films
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/kaathu-kaathoru-kalyanam/ET00379064|title=Kaathu Kaathoru Kalyanam (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Mothathi Kozhappa]]''
|Sony P Jose
|Sony P Jose, Sneha Unnikrishnan, [[Sunil Sukhada]]
|Manmiyas Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/mothathi-kozhappa/ET00379246|title=Mothathi Kozhappa (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Ora Para Kalyana Vishesham''
|Aneesh Puthenpura
|[[Kailash (actor)|Kailash]], [[Bhagath Manuel]], Ashkar Soudan
|Screen View Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/orapara-kalyana-vishesham/ET00378252|title=Orapara Kalyana Vishesham (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
|''Vaasam''
|Charles M
|[[M. R. Gopakumar]], [[Kailash (actor)|Kailash]]
|Sai Krishna Movies
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/movies/vaasam/ET00379551|title=Vaasam (2023) - Movie | Reviews, Cast & Release Date - BookMyShow}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#FF91AF;" |'''16'''
|''Pachappu Thedi''
|Kavil Raj
|[[Vinod Kovoor]], Mikku Kavil
|Cine Friends Creations
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pachappu Thedi Movie (Jul 2023) - Trailer, Star Cast, Release Date {{!}} Paytm.com |url=https://paytm.com/movies/pachappu-thedi-movie-detail-164499?tab=about&frmtid=z7gnz~l22&fromdate=2023-12-16 |access-date=2023-12-15 |website=Paytm |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sankari |date=2023-12-13 |title='പച്ചപ്പ് തേടി': ഡിസംബർ 15-ന് തിയേറ്ററിലേക്ക് {{!}} Cinema, Latest News, Mollywood, WOODs, PAHAPTHEDI |url=https://www.eastcoastdaily.com/movie/2023/12/13/pachapp-thedi-movie/ |access-date=2023-12-15 |website=East Coast Movies & Entertainments News |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#FF91AF;" |'''17'''
|style="background:#ecfeff;" |''Viral Sebi''
|[[Vidhu Vincent]]
|Sudeep Koshy, Mira Hamid, [[Namitha Pramod]]
|Badusha Productions
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Viral Sebi [2023] {{!}} വൈറൽ സെബി [2023] |url=https://ml.msidb.org/m.php?9596 |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=ml.msidb.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Viral Sebi on OTT: When, where to watch this Vidhu Vincent film |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/viral-sebi-on-ott-when-where-to-watch-this-vidhu-vincent-film/45534a0f12876 |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=OTTPlay |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-03-24 |title='Viral Sebi' explores the physical and psychological definition of boundaries: director Vidhu Vincent |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/news/malayalam/viral-sebi-explores-the-physical-and-psychological-definition-of-boundaries-director-vidhu-vincent/articleshow/90418615.cms |access-date=2023-12-19 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;background:#FF91AF;" |'''21'''
|[[Neru (film)|''Neru'']]
|[[Jeethu Joseph]]
|[[Mohanlal]], [[Anaswara Rajan]], [[Priyamani]], Santhi Mayadevi
|[[Aashirvad Cinemas]]
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-12-10 |title='Neru' trailer: Mohanlal, Jeethu Joseph promise a riveting legal thriller |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/neru-trailer-mohanlal-jeethu-joseph-promise-a-riveting-legal-thriller/article67624380.ece |access-date=2023-12-20 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;background:#FF91AF;" |'''29'''
|''Adiyanthiravasthakalathe Anuragam''
|Alleppey Ashraf
|Nihal Ahmed, Gopika Girish, [[Krishna Praba]]
|Olive Productions
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bureau |first=BookMyShow|date=2023-12-29 |title=Adiyanthiravasthakalathe Anuragam Malayalam movie |language=en-IN |work=Book My Show |url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/kochi/movies/adiyanthiravasthakalathe-anuragam/ET00380499 |access-date=2023-12-29 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
|-
|''Neela Rathri''
|Ashok Nair
|[[Manikandan Pattambi]], [[Hima Shankar]], [[Jayaraj Warrier]]
|WJ Productions
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bureau |first=BookMyShow|date=2023-12-29 |title=Neela Rathri Malayalam movie |language=en-IN |work=Book My Show |url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/kochi/movies/neela-rathri/ET00381789 |access-date=2023-12-29 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Queen Elizabeth (2023 film)|Queen Elizabeth]]''
|M. Padmakumar
|[[Narain (actor)|Narain]], [[Meera Jasmine]], [[Ramesh Pisharody]], [[Mallika Sukumaran]], [[Shweta Menon]]
|Blue Mount Productions
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bureau |first=The Times of India|date=2023-12-29 |title=Queen Elizabeth Malayalam movie |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movie-details/queen-elizabeth/movieshow/99236038.cms |access-date=2023-12-29 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

{{Malayalam films|horiz}}
{{2023 films}}
{{Indian film list}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Malayalam films of 2023}}
[[Category:Lists of Malayalam films by year|2023]]
[[Category:Lists of 2023 films by language]]
[[Category:2023 Malayalam-language films| 2023]]

Byndoor Assembly constituency

2026-04-14T03:48:24Z

Heymfaizanali: Article - done

{{short description|Legislative Assembly constituency in Karnataka State, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Byndoor
| type = SLA
| constituency_no = 118
| map_image = 118-Byndoor constituency.svg
| established = 1956
| state = [[Karnataka]]
| district = [[Udupi district|Udupi]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Shimoga Lok Sabha constituency|Shimoga]]
| reservation = None
| electors = {{formatnum:235716}}<ref name=election2023>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/15163-karnataka-2023/ |title=Karnataka Legislative Assembly Election - 2023 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |website=eci.gov.in |access-date=24 July 2023}}</ref>{{update after|2028|7}}
| mla = Gururaj Gantihole
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| latest_election_year = [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
| preceded_by = B. M. Sukumar Shetty
}}

'''Byndoor Assembly constituency''' is one of the 224 [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] constituencies of [[Karnataka]] state in [[India]].<ref name=electors2019>{{cite web |url=https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/PCELE2019/GE2019_VOTERS_COUNT.pdf |title=Karnataka Loksabha Elections - 2019 - Voters Count |website=ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in |accessdate= 10 February 2021}}</ref>

It is part of [[Udupi district]]. It consists of parts of [[Byndoor Taluk]] and [[Kundapura Taluk]].<ref name=delimitation2008>{{cite web |url=https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/showfile?actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510&type=order&filename=Delimitation%20Order,2008.pdf |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008 |date=26 November 2008 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 24 June 2021}}</ref>

==Members of the Legislative Assembly==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" | [[1957 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1957]] || rowspan="2" | Y. Manjayya Shetty || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" | [[1962 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" | [[1967 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1967]] || S. R. Halsnad || {{Full party name with color|Praja Socialist Party}}
|-
| bgcolor="#FFF58A" | [[1972 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election|1972]] || A. G. Kodgi || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1978 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1978]] || Gopalrishna Kodgi || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress (I)}}
|-
| [[1983 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1983]] || Appanna Hegde. B || {{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}
|-
| [[1985 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1985]] || rowspan="2" | G. S. Achar || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[1989 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1989]]
|-
| [[1994 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1994]] || [[I. M. Jayarama Shetty]] || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| [[1998 elections in India#Karnataka|1998 By-election]] {{efn|Resigned on 23/03/1998}} || rowspan="3" | [[K Gopala Poojary]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
| [[1999 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|1999]]
|-
| [[2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2004]]
|-
| [[2008 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2008]] || K. Laxminarayana || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| [[2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2013]] || [[K Gopala Poojary]] || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2018]] || B. M. Sukumar Shetty || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|2023]] || [[Gururaj Gantihole]]
|}
{{notelist}}

==Election results==
=== Assembly Election 2023 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Byndoor <ref name=election2023/><ref name="Karnataka Assembly Elections 2023: Byndoor">{{cite news |title=Karnataka Assembly Elections 2023: Byndoor |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMay2023/ConstituencywiseS10118.htm?ac=118 |access-date=6 May 2025 |publisher=Election Commission of India |date=13 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506091137/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMay2023/ConstituencywiseS10118.htm?ac=118 |archive-date=6 May 2025}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[Gururaj Gantihole]] |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 98,628 |percentage = 53.12% |change = {{decrease}}1.22 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[K Gopala Poojary]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 82,475 |percentage = 44.42% |change = {{increase}}3.88 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 1,208 |percentage = 0.65% |change = {{decrease}}0.28 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 16,153 |percentage = 8.70% |change = {{decrease}}5.10 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 185,829 |percentage = 78.84% |change = {{decrease}}0.65 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 185,683}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 235,716 |ref = |change = {{increase}}5.96 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{decrease}}1.22 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2018 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Byndoor <ref name=election2018>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/6933-karnataka-2018/ |title=Karnataka Legislative Assembly Election - 2018 |website=Election Commission of India |accessdate= 4 February 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = B. M. Sukumar Shetty |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 96,029 |percentage = 54.34% |change = {{increase}}17.55 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[K Gopala Poojary]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 71,636 |percentage = 40.54% |change = {{decrease}}18.66 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Suresh Kallagar |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 2,415 |percentage = 1.37% |change = {{decrease}}0.76 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ravi Shetty |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 1,911 |percentage = 1.08% |change = {{increase}}0.34 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = None of the above |party = None of the above |votes = 1,647 |percentage = 0.93% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 24,393 |percentage = 13.80% |change = {{decrease}}8.61 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 176,841 |percentage = 79.49% |change = {{increase}}3.48 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 176,726}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 222,468 |ref = |change = {{increase}}14.13 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}4.86 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2013 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Byndoor <ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2013 : To the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2013/StatReports2013.pdf |website=eci.nic.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=2014-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220034253/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2013/StatReports2013.pdf |archive-date=2013-12-20 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[K Gopala Poojary]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 82,277 |percentage = 59.20% |change = {{increase}}16.80 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = B. M. Sukumar Shetty |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 51,128 |percentage = 36.79% |change = {{decrease}}11.85 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Naveenchandra Uppunda |party = Karnataka Janata Paksha |votes = 4,177 |percentage = 3.01% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = K. Shanker |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 2,960 |percentage = 2.13% |change = {{decrease}}0.14 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = H. Suresh Poojray |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,611 |percentage = 1.16% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Udaya Kumar Tallur |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 1,515 |percentage = 1.09% |change = {{decrease}}0.63 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Surayya Banu |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 1,023 |percentage = 0.74% |change = {{decrease}}0.50 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Sridhar Pedemane |party = Independent politician |votes = 957 |percentage = 0.69% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 31,149 |percentage = 22.41% |change = {{increase}}16.18 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 148,159 |percentage = 76.01% |change = {{decrease}}0.59 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 138,983}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 194,920 |ref = |change = {{increase}}16.68 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{increase}}10.56 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2008 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2008 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Byndoor <ref>{{cite web |title=General Election Karnataka Legislative Assembly 2008 Election Statistics |url=https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/PDFS/Previous%20Elections/Election%20Statistics%202008%20Final.pdf |publisher=Government of Karnataka |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201232433/https://www.ceokarnataka.kar.nic.in/PDFS/Previous%20Elections/Election%20Statistics%202008%20Final.pdf |archive-date=1 February 2021 |url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = K. Laxminarayana |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 62,196 |percentage = 48.64% |change = {{increase}}4.71 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[K Gopala Poojary]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 54,226 |percentage = 42.40% |change = {{decrease}}4.75 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = U. Dasa Bhandary |party = Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes = 2,908 |percentage = 2.27% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = H. Suresh Poojray |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,265 |percentage = 1.77% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Udaya Kumar Tallur |party = Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 2,195 |percentage = 1.72% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Subbanna Shetty |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,648 |percentage = 1.29% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Shiriyara Muddanna Shetty |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 1,587 |percentage = 1.24% |change = {{decrease}}1.02 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Manjappa Kamalaksha |party = Independent politician |votes = 856 |percentage = 0.67% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 7,970 |percentage = 6.23% |change = {{increase}}3.01 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 127,959 |percentage = 76.60% |change = {{increase}}9.10 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 127,881}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 167,054 |ref = |change = {{increase}}11.61 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{increase}}1.49 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 2004 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Byndoor <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2004 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2004/StatisticalReports_KT_2004.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006204912/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2004/StatisticalReports_KT_2004.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[K Gopala Poojary]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 47,627 |percentage = 47.15% |change = {{decrease}}5.63 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Lakshminarayana. K |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 44,375 |percentage = 43.93% |change = {{decrease}}2.69 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[I. M. Jayarama Shetty]] |party = Janata Dal (United) |votes = 3,071 |percentage = 3.04% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Adiga Srikantha. K. N |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 2,288 |percentage = 2.26% |change = {{increase}}1.66 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Billava. N. K |party = Kannada Nadu Party |votes = 1,758 |percentage = 1.74% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Syed Beary |party = Independent politician |votes = 856 |percentage = 0.85% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 3,252 |percentage = 3.22% |change = {{decrease}}2.95 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 101,028 |percentage = 67.50% |change = {{decrease}}0.69 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 101,016}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 149,678 |ref = |change = {{increase}}14.19 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}5.63 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1999 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1999 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Byndoor <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1999 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-KT99.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006053217/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-KT99.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[K Gopala Poojary]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 46,075 |percentage = 52.78% |change = {{decrease}}7.00 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = K. Laxminarayana |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 40,693 |percentage = 46.62% |change = {{increase}}15.15 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Shrikantha Adiga |party = Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 527 |percentage = 0.60% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 5,382 |percentage = 6.17% |change = {{decrease}}22.14 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 89,383 |percentage = 68.19% |change = {{increase}}9.22 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 87,295}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 2,023 |percentage = 2.26% |change = {{increase}}1.18 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 131,083 |ref = |change = {{increase}}1.89 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}7.00 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly By-election 1998 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1998 elections in India#Karnataka|1998 Karnataka Legislative Assembly by-election]] : Byndoor <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eci.gov.in/byeelection/BE98/Bye-June1998.htm |title=Bye Elections - Jun. 1998 - Election Commission of India |access-date=21 December 2025 |website=www.eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |archive-date= 29 October 2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041029185359/http://www.eci.gov.in:80/byeelection/BE98/Bye-June1998.htm}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[K Gopala Poojary]] |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 44,864 |percentage = 59.78% |change = {{increase}}36.50 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Appanna Hegde. B |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 23,620 |percentage = 31.47% |change = {{decrease}}6.00 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Prakashchandra Shetty. S |party = Janata Dal |votes = 5,805 |percentage = 7.74% |change = {{decrease}}8.85 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Ganapa Ganiga |party = Independent politician |votes = 477 |percentage = 0.64% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 21,244 |percentage = 28.31% |change = {{increase}}14.12 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 75,861 |percentage = 58.97% |change = {{decrease}}6.38 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 75,044}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 817 |percentage = 1.08% |change = {{decrease}}0.29 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 128,649 |ref = |change = {{increase}}4.09 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing = {{increase}}22.31 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1994 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1994 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Byndoor <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1994 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1994/StatisticalReport-KT94.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006211324/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1994/StatisticalReport-KT94.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = [[I. M. Jayarama Shetty]] |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 29,841 |percentage = 37.47% |change = {{increase}}34.83 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Mani Gopal |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 18,541 |percentage = 23.28% |change = {{decrease}}24.79 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Appanna Hegde. B |party = Janata Dal |votes = 13,211 |percentage = 16.59% |change = {{decrease}}30.78 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = [[K Gopala Poojary]] |party = Karnataka Pradesh Congress Committee |votes = 10,436 |percentage = 13.10% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Alponse Lobo |party = Independent politician |votes = 6,517 |percentage = 8.18% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 11,300 |percentage = 14.19% |change = {{increase}}13.49 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 80,767 |percentage = 65.35% |change = {{decrease}}1.07 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 79,643}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 1,109 |percentage = 1.37% |change = {{decrease}}2.75 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 123,589 |ref = |change = {{increase}}5.41 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}10.60 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1989 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1989 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Byndoor <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1989 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/Statistical%20Report%20karnataka%201989.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007070737/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1989/Statistical%20Report%20karnataka%201989.pdf|archive-date=7 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = G. S. Achar |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 35,892 |percentage = 48.07% |change = {{decrease}}0.74 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Mani Gopal |party = Janata Dal |votes = 35,373 |percentage = 47.37% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = B. Mahabaleshwara Holla |party = Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 1,970 |percentage = 2.64% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Suresha |party = Janata Party |votes = 768 |percentage = 1.03% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 519 |percentage = 0.70% |change = {{decrease}}0.01 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 77,879 |percentage = 66.42% |change = {{decrease}}0.58 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 74,667}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 3,212 |percentage = 4.12% |change = {{increase}}2.79 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 117,251 |ref = |change = {{increase}}33.25 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}0.74 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1985 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1985 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Byndoor <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1985 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Karnataka%201985.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006143216/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Karnataka%201985.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = G. S. Achar |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 28,393 |percentage = 48.81% |change = {{decrease}}0.41 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Mani Gopal |party = Janata Party |votes = 27,979 |percentage = 48.10% |change = {{decrease}}1.16 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Varkey Devasya |party = Independent politician |votes = 898 |percentage = 1.54% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Girija |party = Independent politician |votes = 496 |percentage = 0.85% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = P. Ramakrishna |party = Independent politician |votes = 407 |percentage = 0.70% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 414 |percentage = 0.71% |change = {{increase}}0.66 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 58,956 |percentage = 67.00% |change = {{increase}}0.17 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 58,173}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 783 |percentage = 1.33% |change = {{decrease}}1.03 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 87,995 |ref = |change = {{increase}}9.76 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Janata Party |swing = {{decrease}}0.45 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1983 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1983 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Byndoor <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1983 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/Statistical%20Report%201983%20karnatkaa.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007124742/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/Statistical%20Report%201983%20karnatkaa.pdf |archive-date=7 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Appanna Hegde. B |party = Janata Party |votes = 25,771 |percentage = 49.26% |change = {{increase}}13.95 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = G. S. Achar |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 25,747 |percentage = 49.22% |change = {{increase}}45.41 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = B. G. Mohandas |party = Independent politician |votes = 796 |percentage = 1.52% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 24 |percentage = 0.05% |change = {{decrease}}23.88 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 53,579 |percentage = 66.83% |change = {{decrease}}0.04 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 52,314}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 1,265 |percentage = 2.36% |change = {{decrease}}0.25 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 80,169 |ref = |change = {{increase}}4.42 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Janata Party |loser = Indian National Congress (I) |swing = {{decrease}}9.98 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1978 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1978 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election]] : Byndoor <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1978 to the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%20Karnataka%201978.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007164123/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%20Karnataka%201978.pdf |archive-date=7 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Gopalrishna Kodgi |party = Indian National Congress (I) |votes = 29,622 |percentage = 59.24% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Elwin. P. Crasto |party = Janata Party |votes = 17,655 |percentage = 35.31% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = N. S. Parameshwaraiah |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 1,905 |percentage = 3.81% |change = {{decrease}}67.98 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = K. Sachidananda Shetty |party = Independent politician |votes = 819 |percentage = 1.64% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 11,967 |percentage = 23.93% |change = {{decrease}}33.00 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 51,339 |percentage = 66.87% |change = {{increase}}14.28 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 50,001}}
{{Election box rejected |votes = 1,338 |percentage = 2.61% |change = {{increase}}2.61 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 76,775 |ref = |change = {{decrease}}4.32 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress (I) |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}12.55 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1972 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1972 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Byndoor <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1972 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatisRep_Mysore_72.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006074555/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatisRep_Mysore_72.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = A. G. Kodgi |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 29,496 |percentage = 71.79% |change = {{increase}}33.83 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = D. Ganapayya |party = Independent politician |votes = 6,104 |percentage = 14.86% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = S. V. Pai |party = Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes = 5,489 |percentage = 13.36% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 23,392 |percentage = 56.93% |change = {{increase}}46.90 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 42,200 |percentage = 52.59% |change = {{decrease}}4.15 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 41,089}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 80,244 |ref = |change = {{increase}}9.23 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Praja Socialist Party |swing = {{increase}}23.80 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1967 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1967 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Byndoor <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Mysore%201967.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006083645/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Mysore%201967.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = S. R. Halsnad |party = Praja Socialist Party |votes = 18,700 |percentage = 47.99% |change = {{increase}}4.41 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = A. G. Kodgi |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 14,791 |percentage = 37.96% |change = {{decrease}}11.05 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = J. K. Hegde |party = Swatantra Party |votes = 3,468 |percentage = 8.90% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = H. G. Narasimhayya |party = Independent politician |votes = 1,162 |percentage = 2.98% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = U. K. Shet |party = Independent politician |votes = 844 |percentage = 2.17% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 3,909 |percentage = 10.03% |change = {{increase}}4.60 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 41,682 |percentage = 56.74% |change = {{increase}}6.30 }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 38,965}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 73,464 |ref = |change = {{increase}}4.51 }}
{{Election box gain |winner = Praja Socialist Party |loser = Indian National Congress |swing = {{decrease}}1.02 }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1962 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1962 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Byndoor <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1962 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Mysore_1962.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006093153/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Mysore_1962.pdf |archive-date=6 October 2010|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate = Y. Manjayya Shetty |party = Indian National Congress |votes = 16,591 |percentage = 49.01% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = H. Subba Rao |party = Praja Socialist Party |votes = 14,752 |percentage = 43.58% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate = Vishweshwaraya |party = Independent politician |votes = 2,508 |percentage = 7.41% |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 1,839 |percentage = 5.43% |change = }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 35,454 |percentage = 50.44% |change = }}
{{Election box total valid |votes= 33,851}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 70,291 |ref = |change = }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |swing = }}
{{Election box end}}

=== Assembly Election 1957 ===
{{Election box begin |title = [[1957 Mysore State Legislative Assembly election]] : Byndoor <ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 to the Legislative Assembly of Mysore |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Mysore_1957.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111195053/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Mysore_1957.pdf |archive-date=11 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link |candidate = Y. Manjayya Shetty |party = Indian National Congress |percentage = |change = ''New'' }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 65,128 |ref = |change = }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = |swing = }}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[List of constituencies of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Udupi district]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Karnataka}}

{{coord|13.87|74.63|display=title}}

[[Category:Udupi district]]
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Karnataka]]
[[Category:Politics of Karnataka]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1956]]
[[Category:1956 establishments in Mysore State]]

Online pharmacy laws in India

2026-04-01T15:43:32Z

Heymfaizanali: put up a data first draft

{{short description|none}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}

'''Online pharmacy laws in India''' are still in nascent stage and there are no dedicated online pharmacy laws in India. The [[Information Technology Act 2000]] governs some of the legal issues pertaining to online dealings but it is silent on the aspect of [[online pharmacy]]. As a result, illegal online pharmacies have been increasing in India.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.livemint.com/Home-Page/NFIWys7sX5w4TX7RzrqrKI/Lax-regulation-sees-India-becoming-a-haven-for-illegal-onlin.html|title= Lax regulation sees India becoming a haven for illegal online pharmacies|work= Live Mint|date=14 September 2008|accessdate=10 November 2014}}</ref> It has been said that, if properly regulated, [[online pharmacies in India]] could prove beneficial to various stakeholders.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://pharma.financialexpress.com/20090731/market01.shtml|title= Online pharmacies: Reach vs risk|work= Express Pharma|date=31 July 2009|accessdate=10 November 2014}}</ref>

==Deficient Indian laws==

The Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940, and the Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945, have guidelines on the sale of [[Schedule H]] and [[Schedule X]] drugs. These can be sold only on prescription and there are specific rules, including for labeling. {{As of|2013}} most of the online pharmacies in India were not complying with the laws of India or of other jurisdictions, and faced regulatory sanctions.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/state-to-crack-down-on-online-pharmacies/article4663917.ece|title= State to crack down on online pharmacies|work= The Hindu|date=20 June 2013|accessdate=10 November 2014}}</ref> Media reports claim that some online pharmacies are controlled by organized criminal networks.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.indiatoday.in/india/west/story/websites-selling-illegal-drugs-are-controlled-by-underworld-194019-2014-05-22|title= Websites selling illegal drugs are controlled by underworld|work= India Today|date=22 May 2014|access-date=10 November 2014}}</ref>

The anti-narcotics cell (ANC) of India has witnessed widespread addiction and rampant sale of a new chemical drug, MD (chemical "[[mephedrone]]"), that can be bought online from online pharmacies without restriction. In 2014 ANC was expecting an amendment in the Narcotics Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act (NDPSA) of 1985 to tackle this nuisance.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.asianage.com/mumbai/anti-narcotics-cell-sees-rise-addiction-md-382|title= Anti Narcotics Cell sees rise in addiction to MD|work= The Asian Age|date=10 November 2014|accessdate=10 November 2014}}</ref>

==Developments since 2013==

Patients would be able to book online a bed in All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) very soon.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/AIIMS-decides-to-let-patients-book-bed-online/articleshow/45084881.cms|title= AIIMS decides to let patients book bed online |work= The Times of India|date=9 November 2014|accessdate=10 November 2014}}</ref> The [[King George's Medical University]] (KGMU) of India was preparing an inventory of all generic medicines available across the country, later to be uploaded on the patient information management system; prescriptions would also be issued online, and medicines not in the inventory will not be accepted by the system.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/City/Lucknow/Only-generic-medicines-to-be-prescribed-inKGMU/articleshow/45091842.cms|title= Only generic medicines to be prescribed in KGMU|work= The Times of India|date=10 November 2014|accessdate=10 November 2014}}</ref> India is also promoting the traditional medicines and practices of [[Ayurveda]], yoga, [[naturopathy]], Unani, Siddha and [[homeopathy]]. A telemedicine application has been launched that connects patients in remote clinics with the doctors in tertiary hospitals via a video conference, launched through BlackBerry Messenger. The doctor then performs live face-to-face consultation for the patient by means of a video session.<ref>{{cite news|url= http://www.informationweek.in/informationweek/case-study/298608/indian-hospital-mobility-improve-healthcare-rural|title= Indian hospital shows how mobility can improve healthcare in rural areas|work= Information Week|date= 10 November 2014|accessdate= 10 November 2014|archive-date= 12 November 2014|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141112211851/http://www.informationweek.in/informationweek/case-study/298608/indian-hospital-mobility-improve-healthcare-rural|url-status= dead}}</ref>

==Medicine exports==

Indian medicines are exported, and the United States has taken a tough stand against Indian medicines supplied through online pharmacies. In 2014, the U.S. [[FDA]], in partnership with other federal and international agencies, took action against websites, some based in India, that were selling drugs to U.S. consumers against U.S. laws.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm398499.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510041624/http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm398499.htm|archive-date=10 May 2015|title=FDA targets illegal online pharmacies in globally coordinated action|work=U.S. Food and Drug Administration|date=22 May 2014|access-date=10 November 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Indian Internet Pharmacies Association(IIPA)/Digital Health Platforms (DHP)==

The IIPA now renamed as DHP is a consortium of entrepreneurs in the Online Pharmacy and Health Space. The first IIPA meeting was convened in Bangalore with a Common Minimum Compliance Model that online pharmacies in India have to follow to be part of this consortium.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pharmabiz.com/NewsDetails.aspx?aid=91089&sid=1|title=Online pharmacy retailers unite to form Indian Internet Pharmacy Association|access-date=7 March 2018|archive-date=7 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180307215149/http://www.pharmabiz.com/NewsDetails.aspx?aid=91089&sid=1|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The IIPA Secratry, Kiran Divakaran had put out an interview <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/healthcare/biotech/pharmaceuticals/private-players-in-e-pharmacy-space-form-association/articleshow/49351757.cms|title = Private players in e-pharmacy space form association|newspaper = The Economic Times}}</ref> which said that the member pharmacies will self regulate until the law of the land catches up to advancements in technology with the following conditions<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/info-tech/code-of-conduct-for-epharmacy-sector-launched/article9370894.ece|title=Code of conduct for e-pharmacy sector launched|date=21 November 2016 }}</ref>

# No Sale without prescription.
# No Sale of Schedule X drugs.
# Final Packing in a tamper-proof cover under the personal supervision of registered Pharmacist of the pharmacy.
# Valid Bill for Every sale.
# Facilitate Medicine Recall in case directed by the Govt.

The IIPA also is working actively with the Central Government to bring in changes to the regulations including the use of AADHAAR<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uidai.gov.in/|title=Language Selection - Unique Identification Authority of India | Government of India|website=uidai.gov.in}}</ref> Number linked prescriptions to ensure there is no misuse <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.governancenow.com/gov-next/egov/a-bitter-pill-epharmacies|title = A bitter pill for e-pharmacies|date = 21 January 2017}}</ref>

== E-Pharmacy Draft (28 August 2018) ==

The Union Health Ministry of India has come out with draft rules on sale of drugs by online / e-pharmacies with an aim to regulate online sale of medicines across India and provide patients access to genuine drugs from authentic online portals. The draft rules on "sale of drugs by e-pharmacy" states the following points<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/healthcare/biotech/healthcare/health-ministry-comes-out-with-draft-rules-on-sale-of-drugs-by-e-pharmacy/articleshow/65637924.cms|title=Health Ministry comes out with draft rules on sale of drugs by e-pharmacy|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref>

a. No person will distribute or sell, stock, exhibit or offer for sale of drugs through e-pharmacy portal unless registered.

b. Any person who intends to conduct the business of e-pharmacy shall apply for the grant of registration to the Central Licensing Authority in Form 18 (AA) through the online portal of the Central Government.

c. The application of registration of e-pharmacy will have to be accompanied by a sum of INR Rs. 50,000 while asserting that an e-pharmacy registration holder will have to comply with provisions of Information Technology Act, 2000 (21 of 2000).

d. The details of the patient shall be kept confidential and not be disclosed to any person other than the central government or the state government concerned, as the case may be.

e. The supply of any drug shall be made against a cash or credit memo generated through the e-pharmacy portal and such memos shall be maintained by the e-pharmacy registration holder as a record.

f. New e-pharmacies have to be registered with the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO), India's apex drug regulator and central licensing authority.

g. E-pharmacies have to take only one license in any state and can sell drugs all over the country even if they have one license.

h. The sale of tranquilizers, psychotropic drugs, narcotics and habit-forming drugs have been prohibited through e-pharmacies portals.

i. The premises of e-pharmacy shall be inspected, every 2 years by a team of officers authorized by the Central Licensing Authority, with or without the experts in the relevant field or the officers authorised by the concerned State Licensing Authority.

j. The registration issued to any person for e-pharmacy will remain valid for a period of 3 years from the date of its issuance and a renewal of registration will have to be done in case it wants to continue.

k. No e-pharmacy shall advertise any drug on radio or television or internet or print or any other media for any purpose.

l. The e-pharmacies portals are mandatory required to have at least 12 Hours and all seven days a week customer support and grievance readdress of all stakeholders. The customer support should have a registered pharmacist in place to answer the queries of customers through such customer helpline.

==See also==

*[[Online pharmacy]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

*
*
*
*

[[Category:Law of India]]

Seethalakshmi Prakash

2026-03-29T15:27:11Z

Heymfaizanali: created a details needs work

{{Short description|Indian Singer, Winner TopSinger}}
{{BLP sources|date=May 2021}}


{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}

{{Use Indian English|date=May 2021}}
{{Indian name|Seethalakshmi|Prakash}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Seethalakshmi Prakash
| image = Seethalakshmi_Prakash.jpg
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2005|05|07|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Changanassery]], [[Kottayam district|Kottayam]], [[Kerala]], India
| occupation = Singer
}}
'''Seethalakshmi Prakash''' (born 7 May 2005) is an Indian singer. She rose to fame in 2020 when she was crowned Flowers TV "Top Singer", winning the marathon first season of the popular [[Flowers (TV channel)|Flowers TV]] series, "[[Top Singer (TV series)|Top Singer"]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Top Singer winner: Seethalakshmi bags the trophy and wins Rs 50 lakh worth house|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/malayalam/top-singer-winner-seethalakshmi-bags-the-trophy-and-wins-rs-50-lakh-worth-house/articleshow/77860425.cms|access-date=2021-10-21|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=September 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-01 |title=Flowers Top Singer Winner Is Seethalakshmi - Malayalam Musical Reality Show |url=https://www.keralatv.in/flowers-top-singer-winner/ |access-date=2022-03-02 |language=en-US}}</ref>

She has recorded over 20 songs in [[Malayalam]] and made guest television and video-link concert appearances in India and abroad. She has performed on multiple albums, collaborating with musicians like [[Vidyadharan|Vidyadharan Master]] and [[Abhijith Kollam]]. She has over 300,000 followers on social media.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2021-05-05 |title=പാട്ടിന്റെ 'സീതായനം' |url=https://ml.oppammagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Oppam_May.pdf |access-date=2021-11-16 |website=Oppam Magazine |language=ml |archive-date=3 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703194951/https://ml.oppammagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Oppam_May.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Career ==
During the 22-month, daily primetime run of the ''Top Singer'' premiere, Seethalakshmi competed in a total of 82 episodes and was judged "best performer of the day" in 38 of these. With the grand prize for the season, her prizes – a house and a scholarship – amounted to some {{currency|95000|USD}}.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Malayalam Top Singer Winner Name Seethalakshmi 31st August Results Grand Finale Highlights|url=https://www.dekhnews.com/entertainment/top-singer-winner-name-seethalakshmi-grand-finale-highlights/|access-date=2021-10-20|website=www.dekhnews.com}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Flowers Top Singer Seethalakshmi ഫ്‌ളവേഴ്‌സ് ടോപ് സിംഗറായി സീതാലക്ഷ്മി |url=https://www.twentyfournews.com/2020/08/31/flowers-top-singer-seethalakshmi.html |access-date=2022-04-14 |website=www.twentyfournews.com |date=31 August 2020 |language=ml}}</ref>

After her win in ''Top Singer'', Seethalakshmi has performed concerts by video-link for audiences in [[London]], UK,<ref>{{Citation|title=KALA Silver Jubilee inauguration, Kerala Arts & Literary Assn, registered UK Charity| date=28 March 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WZWa3CfkPM8#t=49m02s|language=en|access-date=2021-10-20}}</ref> [[Philadelphia]], USA<ref>{{Cite web|title=കലയുടെ പ്രവര്‍ത്തനോദ്ഘാടനവും സീതാലക്ഷ്മി നയിക്കുന്ന സംഗീതനിശയും മാര്‍ച്ച് 27 ന്|url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/nri/america/news/kala-1.5543653|access-date=2021-10-20|website=[[Mathrubhumi]]|language=ml|archive-date=15 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115002535/https://www.mathrubhumi.com/nri/america/news/kala-1.5543653|url-status=dead}}</ref> and [[Kuwait]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Seva Darshan Kuwait|url=https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=908947596675671#t=0m25s|access-date=2021-11-16|website=[[Service club|Service Organization]] [[Facebook|Facebook Page]]|language=en}}</ref> She made multiple guest appearances on the new season of "Top Singer" and on Flowers TV, and recorded a music video, "Varavelpu", directed by award-winning director Rajesh Irulam<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=2021-10-30|title=Professional theatre awards declared|language=en-IN|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/professional-theatre-awards-declared/article37254423.ece|access-date=2021-11-11|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Flowers TV|date=2021-08-21|title=വിദ്യാധരന്‍ മാസ്റ്റിന്റെ സംഗീതത്തില്‍ സീതാലക്ഷ്മി പാടി; മനോഹരം ഈ ഓണപ്പാട്ട് -|url=http://flowersoriginals.com/2021/08/onam-song-by-flowers-top-singer-seethalakshmi/|access-date=2021-10-25|language=ml}}</ref>

She received the Prem Nazir Memorial Award for the best female singer in Malayalam Television for 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-05 |title=ഫ്ലവേഴ്സ് ചാനല്‍ ടോപ് സിംഗറില്‍ ഒന്നാം സമ്മാനം നേടിയ സീതാലക്ഷ്മിക്ക് പ്രേംനസീർ സുഹൃത് സമിതിയുടെ ആദരവ് |url=https://www.malayalamdailynews.com/?p=621221 |access-date=2022-08-21 |website=Malayalam Daily News |language=ml-IN}}</ref>

== Family ==
Seethalakshmi's parents are Prakash Puthunilam and Bindu Prakash.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-01|title=Seethalakshmi Prakash Biography, Age, Family & Movies|url=https://www.mixindia.com/seethalakshmi-prakash-biography-age-family-movies/|access-date=2021-10-21|website=Mix India|language=en-US}}</ref>

== Discography (Selected) ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Year
!Song
!Film/Album/Publisher
!Comments
|-
|2025
|"Radheyam"
|Music Video - February 2026 , Abundance Productions
|Composer: Santhosh Kumar
|-
|2025
|"Kalabham Charthiya"
|Film - Avani , (Malayalam ) ,Solo , Nov 6,2025,
|lyrics: Karthikapally Rajan
Music & Orchestration: Binoj & Binoy,
|-
|2023
|"Pachathullan"
|Album - Swaraj Films
|Lyrics: [[P. K. Gopi|P K Gopi]] Music: [[:ml:വിക്കിപീഡിയ:SANGEETHA SHREE T. S. JAIRAJ|TS Jairaj]]
|-
|2022
|"Kalvari Kunnil"
|Jeremias Creations- Publisher
|Lyrics & Music: Jaison Joy Karukachal
|-
|2021
|"Varavelpu"
|Album - ''Seethayanam'', Solo
|Music Director [[Vidyadharan|Vidyadharan Master]], Video Director Rajesh Irulam
|-
|2021
|"[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwbRA3qgnHQ Uyire Oru Janmam"]
|Film - ''[[Minnal Murali]]'', Solo, Not Credited; Netflix release did not include the song<ref>{{Citation|title=UYIRE {{!}} MINNAL MURALI {{!}} SEETHALAKSHMI| date=27 January 2022 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwbRA3qgnHQ|language=en|access-date=2022-01-27}}</ref>
|Music Director [[Shaan Rahman]], One million views on Utube
|-
|2021
|"Shravanam Varavay"
|Album - ''Eanapookkalam,'' Duet with [[Abhijith Kollam|Abhijit Kollam]]
|Music Director Jayan B
|-
|2021
|"Onathumbi"
|Publisher - [[Manorama Music]], Duet with Vipin Nath
|Music Director Madhu Anchal
|-
|2021
|"Ponnonakkalam"
|Publisher - Sebin Seba Music
|Music Director - Bindhu Saji
|-
|2020
|"Rakshrakan Yesuvin"
|Publisher - Movie World LLC
|Malayalam Christian Devotional Song
|-
|2019
|"Swarga Noopura Nadayil"
|Album name : Devasangeetham
|Music : Girish Dev Lyrics : Suku CR Chanjikkal
|}

== See also ==
*[[List of Top Singer episodes|List of ''Top Singer'' episodes]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{official website|https://seethasmusic.com/}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Prakash, Seethalakshmi}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:2005 births]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women singers]]
[[Category:Singers from Kerala]]
[[Category:Singing talent show winners]]
[[Category:Malayalam-language singers]]
[[Category:People from Changanassery]]

Bread

2026-03-28T16:55:48Z

Heymfaizanali: cleaned up lead as per guidelines for clarity

{{Short description|Food made of flour and water}}
{{other uses}}
{{pp-semi-indef}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox food
| name = Bread
| image = [[File:Korb mit Brötchen.JPG|alt=Loaves of bread in a basket|250px]]
| caption = Various [[Bread roll|leavened breads]]
| main_ingredient = [[Flour]], [[water]]
}}

'''Bread''' is a [[Baking|baked]] food product made from water, [[flour]], and often [[yeast]]. It is a [[staple food]] across the world, particularly in [[Europe]] and the [[Middle East]]. Throughout [[recorded history]] and around the world, it has been an important part of many cultures' diets. It is one of the oldest human-made foods, having been of significance since the dawn of [[Agriculture#History|agriculture]], and plays an essential role in both religious rituals and [[secular]] culture.

Bread may be [[Leavening agent|leavened]] by naturally occurring [[microbes]] (e.g. [[sourdough]]), chemicals (e.g. [[baking soda]]), industrially produced [[Baker's yeast|yeast]], or high-pressure aeration, which creates the gas bubbles that fluff up bread. Bread may also be [[Unleavened bread|unleavened]]. In many countries, mass-produced bread often contains [[Food additive|additives]] to improve flavor, texture, color, shelf life, nutrition, and ease of production.

==Etymology==
The word ''bread'' is a [[cognate]] of [[Old Norse]] and several other [[Germanic languages]] first used in English around year 1200.<ref>{{cite web|work=[[Oxford English Dictionary]]|url=https://www.oed.com/dictionary/bread_n?tl=true|title=Bread, noun: Meaning and use|publisher=[[Oxford University]]|date=2026|access-date=1 February 2026|archive-date=17 May 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250517153133/https://www.oed.com/dictionary/bread_n?tl=true|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="oed">{{cite web |title=Bread |url=https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=bread |publisher=Online Etymology Dictionary |access-date=1 February 2026 |date=2026 |archive-date=2 June 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250602055611/https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=bread |url-status=live }}</ref> Its meaning was ''bit, crumb, or morsel''.<ref name=oed/> The [[Old English]] name was ''brēotan'' or ''brēad''.<ref name=UOM01022026>{{cite web|url=https://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/middle-english-dictionary/dictionary/MED5873|title=Middle English Compendium|publisher=[[University of Michigan]]|date=2026|access-date=1 February 2026}}</ref>

==History==
{{Main|History of bread}}

Bread is one of the oldest prepared foods.{{citation needed|date=July 2025}} Evidence from 30,000 years ago in Europe and Australia revealed starch residue on rocks used for pounding plants.<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 October 2010 |title=Prehistoric man ate flatbread 30,000 years ago: study |work=phys.org |publisher=Science X |agency=Agence France-Presse |url=http://www.physorg.com/news/2010-10-prehistoric-ate-flatbread-years.html |access-date=19 October 2010 |archive-date=5 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805165329/http://www.physorg.com/news/2010-10-prehistoric-ate-flatbread-years.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Behrendt |first=Larissa |date=22 September 2016 |title=Indigenous Australians know we're the oldest living culture – it's in our Dreamtime |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/sep/22/indigenous-australians-know-were-the-oldest-living-culture-its-in-our-dreamtime |access-date=8 February 2020 |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=24 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240924053721/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/sep/22/indigenous-australians-know-were-the-oldest-living-culture-its-in-our-dreamtime |url-status=live }}</ref> It is possible that during this time, starch extract from the roots of plants, such as [[cattails]] and [[ferns]], was spread on a flat rock, placed over a fire and cooked into a primitive form of [[flatbread]]. The oldest evidence of bread-making has been found in a 14,500-year-old [[Natufian culture|Natufian]] site in Jordan's northeastern desert.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Briggs |first=Helen |date=17 July 2018 |title=Prehistoric bake-off: Scientists discover oldest evidence of bread |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-44846874 |access-date=17 July 2018 |website=BBC News |archive-date=16 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716234918/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-44846874 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>Amaia Arranz-Otaegui, Lara Gonzalez Carretero, Monica N. Ramsey, Dorian Q. Fuller, and Tobias Richter: ''Archaeobotanical evidence reveals the origins of bread 14,400 years ago in northeastern Jordan''. PNAS, 11 July 2018 ([http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/07/10/1801071115 online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181019005930/http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/07/10/1801071115 |date=19 October 2018 }})</ref> Around 10,000 BC, with the dawn of the [[Neolithic]] age and the spread of agriculture, grains became the mainstay of making bread. Yeast spores are ubiquitous, including on the surface of [[cereal|cereal grains]], so any dough left to rest leavens naturally.<ref>{{cite book | first=Harold| last=McGee | year=2004 | title=On food and cooking | publisher=Scribner | isbn=978-0-684-80001-1 |page=517}}</ref>

[[File:Woman baking bread-E 25213-IMG 4514-gradient.jpg|thumb|left|''Woman baking bread'' ({{circa|2200 BC}}); [[Louvre]]]]
An early leavened bread was baked as early as 6000 BC in southern Mesopotamia, cradle of the [[Sumerians|Sumerian]] civilization, who may have passed on the knowledge to the Egyptians around 3000 BC. The Egyptians refined the process and started adding [[yeast]] to the [[flour]]. The Sumerians were already using [[ash]] to supplement the dough as it was baked.<ref name=arzani11>Arzani A.: ''Emmer (Triticum turgidum spp. dicoccum) flour and breads''. In Preedy V.R., Watson R.R., Patel V.B. (Eds. 2011), Flour and Breads and their Fortification in Health and Disease Prevention, Academic Press, California, pp. 69–78.</ref>

There were multiple sources of [[leavening]] available for early bread. Airborne yeasts could be harnessed by leaving uncooked dough exposed to air for some time before cooking. [[Pliny the Elder]] reported that the [[Gauls]] and [[Iberians]] used the foam skimmed from [[beer]], called [[barm]], to produce "a lighter kind of bread than other peoples" such as [[barm cake]]. Parts of the ancient world that drank wine instead of beer used a paste composed of [[grape]] juice and flour that was allowed to begin fermenting, or wheat bran steeped in [[wine]], as a source for [[yeast]]. The most common source of leavening was to retain a piece of dough from the previous day to use as a form of sourdough [[Bread starter|starter]], as Pliny also reported.<ref>{{cite book | first=Reay | last=Tannahill | year=1973 | title=Food in History | publisher=Stein and Day | isbn=978-0-8128-1437-8 |pages=68–69}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Pliny the Elder |title=Natural History |date=1938 |publisher=Loeb Classics |pages=1.255 |url=http://www.loebclassics.com/view/pliny_elder-natural_history/1938/pb_LCL371.255.xml?readMode=recto |quote=Generally however they do not heat it up at all, but only use the dough kept over from the day before; manifestly it is natural for sourness to make the dough ferment |archive-date=30 May 2023 |access-date=30 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530151907/https://www.loebclassics.com/view/pliny_elder-natural_history/1938/pb_LCL371.255.xml?readMode=recto |url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[ancient Egypt]]ians, [[Ancient Greece|Greeks]], and [[Ancient Rome|Romans]] all considered the degree of refinement in the bakery arts as a sign of civilization.<ref name=arzani11/>

The [[Chorleywood bread process]] was developed in 1961; it uses the intense mechanical working of dough to dramatically reduce the [[fermentation (food)|fermentation]] period and the time taken to produce a loaf. The process, whose high-energy mixing allows for the use of grain with a lower protein content, is now widely used around the world in large factories. As a result, bread can be produced very quickly and at low costs to the manufacturer and the consumer. However, there has been some criticism of the effect on nutritional value.<ref>{{Cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120522022319/http://www.allotment.org.uk/recipes/bread-making/chorleywood-process|url=http://www.allotment.org.uk/recipes/bread-making/chorleywood-process|url-status=dead|title=Chorleywood Industrial Bread Making Process|website=allotment.org.uk|archive-date=22 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-13670278|website=BBC|title=Chorleywood: The bread that changed Britain|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613131117/https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-13670278|archive-date=13 June 2018|date=7 June 2011|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.fob.uk.com/about-the-bread-industry/history-of-bread-antiquity/history-bread-20th-century/ |title=fob.co.uk: "History of bread – 20th century" |access-date=14 May 2018 |archive-date=19 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419215109/https://www.fob.uk.com/about-the-bread-industry/history-of-bread-antiquity/history-bread-20th-century/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Types==
{{main|List of breads}}
{{multiple image
|total_width=350
|image1=Breadindia.jpg|caption1=Brown bread (left) and whole grain bread
|image2=Essene Bread Spelt Sproud cut.JPG|caption2=Dark [[sprouted bread]]
|image3=Reikäleipä view from above.jpg|caption3=[[Ruisreikäleipä]], a flat [[rye]] flour loaf with a hole
}}
Bread is the [[staple food]] of the [[Middle East]], [[Central Asia]], [[North Africa]], [[Europe]], and in European-derived cultures such as those in the [[Americas]], [[Australia]], and [[Southern Africa]]. This is in contrast to parts of South and East Asia, where [[rice]] or [[noodles]] are the staple. Bread is usually made from a [[wheat]]-[[flour]] [[dough]] that is cultured with yeast, allowed to rise, and baked in an [[oven]]. Carbon dioxide and ethanol vapors produced during yeast fermentation result in bread's air pockets.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mietton |first1=Lauriane |last2=Samson |first2=Marie-Françoise |last3=Marlin |first3=Thérèse |last4=Godet |first4=Teddy |last5=Nolleau |first5=Valérie |last6=Guezenec |first6=Stéphane |last7=Segond |first7=Diego |last8=Nidelet |first8=Thibault |last9=Desclaux |first9=Dominique |last10=Sicard |first10=Delphine |date=July 2022 |title=Impact of Leavening Agent and Wheat Variety on Bread Organoleptic and Nutritional Quality |journal=Microorganisms |language=en |volume=10 |issue=7 |pages=1416 |doi=10.3390/microorganisms10071416 |pmid=35889135 |pmc=9317705 |issn=2076-2607 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Owing to its high levels of [[gluten]] (which give the dough sponginess and elasticity), [[common wheat|common or bread wheat]] is the most common grain used for the preparation of bread, which makes the largest single contribution to the world's food supply of any food.<ref name="FAO">{{cite web |last1=Peña |first1=R. J. |title=Wheat for bread and other foods |url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/006/y4011e/y4011e0w.htm |publisher=[[Food and Agriculture Organization]] |access-date=1 October 2016 |quote=Wheat, in the form of bread, provides more nutrients to the world population than any other single food source. |archive-date=27 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190127205040/http://www.fao.org/docrep/006/y4011e/y4011e0w.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

Bread is also made from the flour of other wheat species (including [[spelt]], [[emmer]], [[einkorn]] and [[kamut]]).<ref>{{cite web |title=Wheat |url=http://www.glnc.org.au/grains/types-of-grains/wheat/ |publisher=Grains & Legumes Nutrition Council |access-date=1 October 2016 |quote=Aside from bread wheat and durum, other types of wheat include spelt, emmer, einkorn and kamut. These wheat varieties are commonly referred to as ‘ancient’ grains and are increasingly being used in the manufacture of niche wheat-based food products. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005085940/http://www.glnc.org.au/grains/types-of-grains/wheat/ |archive-date=5 October 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Non-wheat cereals including [[rye]], [[barley]], [[maize]] (corn), [[oat]]s, [[sorghum]], [[millet]] and [[rice]] have been used to make bread, but, with the exception of rye, usually in combination with wheat flour as they have less gluten.<ref>{{cite book |last=Cauvain |first=Stanley |title=Technology of Breadmaking |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y6q3BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA376 |date=2015 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-319-14687-4 |page=377 |quote=In the past, maize (corn), barley, oats, sorghum, millet and rice have all found their way into bread products at some time, usually when wheat and rye have been in short supply.}}</ref>

[[Gluten-free diet|Gluten-free]] breads are made using flours from a variety of ingredients such as almonds, rice, sorghum, corn, legumes such as beans, and tubers such as cassava. Since these foods lack gluten, dough made from them may not hold its shape as the loaves rise, and their crumb may be dense with little aeration. Additives such as [[xanthan gum]], [[guar gum]], [[hydroxypropyl methylcellulose]] (HPMC), [[corn starch]], or [[egg as food|eggs]] are used to compensate for the lack of gluten.<ref name=LamacchiaCamarca2014>{{cite journal |vauthors=Lamacchia C, Camarca A, Picascia S, Di Luccia A, Gianfrani C |title=Cereal-based gluten-free food: how to reconcile nutritional and technological properties of wheat proteins with safety for celiac disease patients |journal=Nutrients |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=575–90 |year=2014 |pmid=24481131 |pmc=3942718 |doi=10.3390/nu6020575 |type=Review|doi-access=free | issn = 2072-6643 }}</ref>{{bsn|date=October 2025}}<ref name=VoltaCaio2015Quotation>{{cite journal |vauthors=Volta U, Caio G, De Giorgio R, Henriksen C, Skodje G, Lundin KE|title=Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: a work-in-progress entity in the spectrum of wheat-related disorders |journal=Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol |volume=29|issue=3|pages=477–91|date=June 2015|pmid=26060112 |doi=10.1016/j.bpg.2015.04.006|quote= After the confirmation of [[non-celiac gluten sensitivity|NCGS]] diagnosis, according to the previously mentioned work-up, patients are advized to start with a GFD [49]. (...) NCGS patients can experience more symptoms than CD patients following a short gluten challenge [77]. ''(NCGS=non-celiac gluten sensitivity; CD=coeliac disease; GFD=gluten-free diet)''}}</ref><ref name=MulderWanrooijQuotation>{{cite journal |vauthors=Mulder CJ, van Wanrooij RL, Bakker SF, Wierdsma N, Bouma G |title=Gluten-free diet in gluten-related disorders |journal=Dig. Dis. |volume=31|issue=1|pages=57–62|date=2013|pmid=23797124|doi=10.1159/000347180 |s2cid=14124370 |type= Review |quote= The only treatment for [[coeliac disease|CD]], [[dermatitis herpetiformis]] (DH) and [[gluten ataxia]] is lifelong adherence to a [[gluten-free diet|GFD]].}}</ref><ref name=HischenhuberCrevelQuotation>{{cite journal |vauthors=Hischenhuber C, Crevel R, Jarry B, Mäki M, Moneret-Vautrin DA, Romano A, Troncone R, Ward R|title=Review article: safe amounts of gluten for patients with wheat allergy or coeliac disease |journal=Aliment Pharmacol Ther |volume=23|issue=5|pages=559–75|date=1 March 2006|pmid =16480395|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.02768.x|s2cid=9970042 |quote=For both [[wheat allergy]] and coeliac disease the dietary avoidance of wheat and other gluten-containing cereals is the only effective treatment.|doi-access=}}</ref>


<gallery mode=packed heights=160>
File:Sangak 17.jpg|[[Sangak]], an Iranian flatbread
File:Strucla sweet bread02.jpg|Strucia — a type of European sweet bread
</gallery>

==Ingredients==
===Physical-chemical composition===
In [[wheat]], [[natural phenol|phenolic]] compounds are mainly found in [[Hull (botany)|hulls]] in the form of insoluble bound [[ferulic acid]], where it is relevant to wheat resistance to fungal diseases.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.01057.x |title=Effect of wheat variety, farming site, and bread-baking on total phenolics |year=2006 |last1=Gelinas |first1=Pierre |last2=McKinnon |first2=Carole M. |journal=International Journal of Food Science and Technology |volume=41 |issue=3 |page=329}}</ref>

[[Rye bread]] contains [[phenolic acid]]s and [[ferulic acid dehydrodimer]]s.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1007/s00217-001-0417-6 |title=Changes in dietary fibre, phenolic acids and activity of endogenous enzymes during rye bread-making |year=2002 |author=Boskov Hansen, H. |author2=Andreasen, M.F. |author3=Nielsen, M.M. |author4=Melchior Larsen, L. |author5=Bach Knudsen, K.E. |author6=Meyer, A.S. |author7=Christensen, L.P. |author8=Hansen, Å. |name-list-style=amp |journal=European Food Research and Technology |volume=214 |page=33|s2cid=85239461 }}</ref>

Three [[natural phenol]]ic glucosides, [[secoisolariciresinol diglucoside]], [[p-coumaric acid glucoside]] and ferulic acid glucoside, can be found in commercial breads containing [[flaxseed]].<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.02.088 |pmid=26047292 |title=Phenolic glucosides in bread containing flaxseed |year=2008 |last1=Strandås |first1=C. |last2=Kamal-Eldin |first2=A. |last3=Andersson |first3=R. |last4=Åman |first4=P. |journal=Food Chemistry |volume=110 |issue=4 |pages=997–99 }}</ref>

[[File:Small home made bread with pumpkin and sunflower seeds.jpg|thumb|upright|Small homemade bread with [[Pumpkin seed|pumpkin]] and [[sunflower seed]]s]]

[[Glutenin]] and [[gliadin]] are functional proteins found in wheat bread that contribute to the structure of bread. Glutenin forms interconnected gluten networks within bread through interchain [[disulfide]] bonds.<ref name=Wieser>{{cite journal |last1=Wieser |first1=Herbert |title=Chemistry of gluten proteins |journal=Food Microbiology |date=April 2007 |volume=24 |issue=2 |pages=115–119 |doi=10.1016/j.fm.2006.07.004 |pmid=17008153 }}</ref> Gliadin binds weakly to the gluten network established by glutenin via intrachain disulfide bonds.<ref name=Wieser/> Structurally, bread can be defined as an elastic-plastic [[foam]] (same as [[Expanded polystyrene|styrofoam]]). The glutenin protein contributes to its [[Elasticity (physics)|elastic]] nature, as it is able to regain its initial shape after deformation. The gliadin protein contributes to its [[Plasticity (physics)|plastic]] nature, because it demonstrates non-reversible structural change after a certain amount of applied force. Because air pockets within this gluten network result from carbon dioxide production during leavening, bread can be defined as a foam, or a gas-in-solid solution.<ref>{{Cite book|title=On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen|last=McGee|first=Harold|publisher=Scribner|year=2004|location=New York|pages=515–80}}</ref>

[[Acrylamide]], like in other starchy foods that have been heated higher than 120 °C (248 °F), has been found in recent years to occur in bread. Acrylamide is [[Neurotoxicity|neurotoxic]], has adverse effects on male reproduction and developmental toxicity and is [[carcinogen]]ic. A study has found that more than 99 percent of the acrylamide in bread is found in the crust.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Surdyk |first1=Nicolas |last2=Rosén |first2=Johan |last3=Andersson |first3=Roger |last4=Åman |first4=Per |title=Effects of Asparagine, Fructose, and Baking Conditions on Acrylamide Content in Yeast-Leavened Wheat Bread |journal=Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry |date=April 2004 |volume=52 |issue=7 |pages=2047–2051 |doi=10.1021/jf034999w |pmid=15053550 |bibcode=2004JAFC...52.2047S }}</ref>

A study by the [[University of Hohenheim]] found that industrially produced bread typically has a high proportion of [[FODMAP]] carbohydrates due to a short rising time (often only one hour). The high proportion of FODMAP carbohydrates in such bread then causes [[flatulence]]. This is particularly problematic in intestinal diseases such as [[irritable bowel syndrome]]. While in traditional bread making the dough rises for several hours, industrial breads rise for a much shorter time, usually only one hour. However, a sufficiently long rising time is important to break down the indigestible FODMAP carbohydrates. Some flours (for example, [[spelt]], [[emmer]] and [[Einkorn wheat|einkorn]]) contain fewer FODMAPs, but the difference between grain types is relatively small (between 1 and 2 [[Weight percent|percent by weight]]). Instead, 90% of the FODMAPs that cause discomfort can be broken down during a rising time of four hours. In the study, whole-grain yeast doughs were examined after different rising times; the highest level of FODMAPs was present after one hour in each case and decreased thereafter. The study thus shows that it is essentially the baking technique and not the type of grain that determines whether a bread is well tolerated or not. A better tolerance of bread made from original cereals can therefore not be explained by the original cereal itself, but rather by the fact that traditional, artisanal baking techniques are generally used when baking original cereals, which include a long dough process. The study also showed that a long rising time also breaks down undesirable [[phytates]] more effectively, flavors develop better, and the finished bread contains more biologically accessible [[trace element]]s.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lange Teigführung ? Besser verträgliches Brot|website=dhz.net|publisher=|url=https://www.deutsche-handwerks-zeitung.de/backtechnik-so-ist-brot-besser-vertraeglich-147357/|url-status=live|format=|access-date=16 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220813173439/https://www.deutsche-handwerks-zeitung.de/backtechnik-so-ist-brot-besser-vertraeglich-147357/|archive-date=13 August 2022|last=|date=6 September 2016|language=de-DE|pages=|quote=}}</ref><ref>{{citation|surname1=Jochen U. Ziegler, Deborah Steiner, C. Friedrich H. Longin, Tobias Würschum, Ralf M. Schweiggert|periodical=Journal of Functional Foods|title=Wheat and the irritable bowel syndrome – FODMAP levels of modern and ancient species and their retention during bread making|volume=25|at=pp. 257–266|date=August 2016|language=German|doi=10.1016/j.jff.2016.05.019|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1756464616301463|access-date=16 June 2022|url-access=subscription|archive-date=15 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220615234736/https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1756464616301463|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Culinary uses===
[[File:Rew13c05-745a Bread Pudding.JPG|thumb|[[Bread pudding]]]]
[[File:Baked Bread Rolls.jpg|thumb|Diner baked [[Bread rolls|bread rolls]].|240px]]

Bread can be served at many [[temperature]]s; once baked, it can subsequently be [[Toast (food)|toast]]ed. It is most commonly eaten with the hands, either by itself or as a carrier for other foods. Bread can be spread with [[butter]], dipped into liquids such as [[gravy]], [[olive oil]], or [[soup]];<ref>{{cite news|last1=Grotts|first1=Lisa Mirza|title=Bread and Butter Etiquette|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/lisa-mirza-grotts/bread-and-butter-etiquette_b_880967.html|work=Huffington Post|access-date=2 October 2016|date=21 June 2011|archive-date=5 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005094128/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/lisa-mirza-grotts/bread-and-butter-etiquette_b_880967.html|url-status=live}}</ref> it can be topped with various sweet and savory spreads, or used to make [[sandwich]]es containing [[meat]]s, cheeses, vegetables, and [[condiments]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Sandwich Recipes|url=http://www.simpltrecipes.com/recipes/course/sandwich/|website=Simply Recipes|access-date=2 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160930084046/http://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/course/sandwich/|archive-date=30 September 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Bread is used as an ingredient in other culinary preparations, such as the use of [[breadcrumb]]s to provide crunchy crusts or thicken sauces; toasted cubes of bread, called [[croutons]], are used as a salad topping; seasoned bread is used as [[stuffing]] inside roasted turkey; sweet or savoury [[bread pudding]]s are made with bread and various liquids; egg and milk-soaked bread is fried as [[French toast]]; and bread is used as a binding agent in [[sausage]]s, [[meatball]]s and other ground meat products.<ref>{{cite news|title=Our 10 best bread recipes|url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2014/sep/06/10-best-bread-as-an-ingredient-recipes|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=2 October 2016|date=6 September 2014|quote=Our most dutiful mealtime companion becomes the main ingredient in this inventive array of recipes, from a hearty clam chowder to a luxurious take on a pudding favourite...}}</ref>

===Nutritional significance===
Bread is a good source of [[carbohydrates]] and micronutrients such as magnesium, iron, selenium, and B vitamins. Whole grain bread is a good source of dietary fiber and all breads are a common source of protein in the diet, though not a rich one.<ref>[http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2010/DietaryGuidelines2010.pdf Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160901170759/https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2010/dietaryguidelines2010.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2010/dietaryguidelines2010.pdf |archive-date=9 October 2022 |url-status=live |date=1 September 2016 }}. U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Shewry |first1=Peter R. |last2=Hey |first2=Sandra J. |date=October 2015 |title=The contribution of wheat to human diet and health |journal=Food and Energy Security |language=en |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=178–202 |doi=10.1002/fes3.64 |pmc=4998136 |pmid=27610232}}</ref>

===Crust and crumb===
[[File:Weißbrot-1.jpg|thumb|Bread with crust crack (half left at the top) and (lighter) crumb inside]]
The mass of bread consists of two primary components: the ''crust'' and ''crumb''.<ref name = "Wrigleyetal2015p404">{{cite book |last1=Wrigley |first1=C.W. |last2=Corke |first2=H. |last3=Seetharaman |first3=K. |last4=Faubion |first4=J. |title=Encyclopedia of Food Grains |publisher=Elsevier Science |year=2015 |isbn=978-0-12-394786-4 |page=404}}</ref>

'''Bread crust''' is formed from surface dough during the cooking process. It is hardened and browned through the [[Maillard reaction]] using the sugars and amino acids due to the intense heat at the bread surface. The crust of most breads is harder, and more complexly and intensely flavored, than the rest. [[Old wives' tale]]s suggest that eating the bread crust makes a person's hair curlier.<ref>''The Longevity List: Myth Busting the Top Ways to Live a Long and Healthy Life'' {{ISBN|978-1-921966-73-6}} p. 156</ref> Additionally, the crust is rumored to be healthier than the remainder of the bread. Some studies have shown that this is true as the crust has more [[dietary fiber]] and [[antioxidants]] such as pronyl-[[lysine]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Winkler |first=Sarah |url=http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/food-nutrition/facts/eating-bread-crust.htm |title=Discovery Health "Is eating bread crust really good for you?" |publisher=Health.howstuffworks.com |date=29 July 2009 |access-date=26 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024023233/http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/food-nutrition/facts/eating-bread-crust.htm |archive-date=24 October 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

'''Bread crumb''' is the internal porous material consisting of bubbles with elastic walls. As the bread ages (becomes stale), the crumb becomes more firm.<ref name = "Wrigleyetal2015p404"/>

==Preparation==
{{anchor|Composition and chemistry|Chemistry and composition}}
[[File:Tortillas de rescoldo.jpg|thumb|Steps in bread making, here for an unleavened Chilean tortilla]]

Doughs are usually [[baked]], but in some cuisines breads are [[steamed bread|steamed]] (e.g., [[mantou]]), fried (e.g., [[puri (food)|puri]]), or baked on an unoiled [[frying pan]] (e.g., [[tortilla]]s). It may be [[leavening agent|leavened]] or unleavened (e.g. [[Matzah|matzo]]). [[Edible salt|Salt]], [[fat]] and [[leavening agent]]s such as [[yeast (baking)|yeast]] and [[baking soda]] are common ingredients, though bread may contain other ingredients, such as [[milk]], [[egg (food)|egg]], [[sugar]], [[spice]], [[fruit]] (such as [[raisin]]s), [[vegetable]]s (such as [[onion]]), [[nut (fruit)|nuts]] (such as [[walnut]]) or [[seed]]s (such as [[poppy seed|poppy]]).<ref>{{cite web|title=Bread recipes (45 results found)|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/search|publisher=[[British Broadcasting Corporation]]|access-date=2 October 2016|archive-date=24 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924091333/http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/search|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Methods of processing dough into bread include the [[Straight dough|straight dough process]], the [[Sourdough|sourdough process]], the [[Chorleywood bread process]] and the [[Sponge and dough|sponge and dough process]].

===Formulation===
[[File:Brot - Outubro 2013 - Covalima.jpg|thumb|Baking bread in [[East Timor]]]]
Professional bread recipes are stated using the [[baker percentage|baker's percentage]] notation. The amount of flour is denoted to be 100%, and the other ingredients are expressed as a percentage of that amount by weight. Measurement by weight is more accurate and consistent than measurement by volume, particularly for dry ingredients. The proportion of water to flour is the most important measurement in a bread recipe, as it affects texture and crumb the most. Hard wheat flours [[Farinograph#Method|absorb]] about 62% [[water]], while softer wheat flours absorb about 56%.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Finley, John H. |author2=Phillips, R. O. |title=Protein quality and the effects of processing |publisher=M. Dekker |location=New York |year=1989|page=See Figure 2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cYjWtWt5O9IC&pg=PA371 |isbn=978-0-8247-7984-9}}</ref> Common table breads made from these doughs result in a finely textured, light bread. Most [[artisan bread]] formulas contain anywhere from 60 to 75% water. In yeast breads, the higher water percentages result in more CO2 bubbles and a coarser crumb.

Dough recipes commonly call for 500 [[gram]]s (about 1.1 pounds) of flour, which yields a single loaf of bread or two [[baguette]]s.

[[Calcium propanoate]] is commonly added by commercial bakeries to retard the growth of molds.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nysaes.cornell.edu/necfe/pubs/pdf/Venture/venture3_chemical.html |title=NYSAES|FST|FVC|Venture 3| Chemical Food Preservatives |access-date=2010-02-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100412155551/http://www.nysaes.cornell.edu/necfe/pubs/pdf/Venture/venture3_chemical.html |archive-date=2010-04-12 }}</ref>

===Flour===
{{Main|Flour}}

Flour is grain ground into a powder. Flour provides the primary structure, starch and protein to the final baked bread. The [[protein]] content of the flour is the best indicator of the quality of the bread [[dough]] and the finished bread. While bread can be made from all-purpose wheat flour, a specialty bread flour, containing more protein (12–14%), is recommended for high-quality bread. If one uses a flour with a lower protein content (9–11%) to produce bread, a shorter mixing time is required to develop gluten strength properly. An extended mixing time leads to oxidization of the dough, which gives the finished product a whiter crumb, instead of the cream color preferred by most artisan bakers.<ref>{{cite book |author=Hamelman, Jeffrey |title=Bread: a baker's book of techniques and recipes |publisher=John Wiley |location=New York |year=2004 |pages=7–13 |quote=A high gluten white flour will require more mix time than a white flour with a lower gluten content,... |isbn=978-0-471-16857-7 }}</ref>

Wheat flour, in addition to its starch, contains three water-soluble protein groups ([[albumin]], [[globulin]], and [[proteose]]s) and two water-insoluble protein groups ([[glutenin]] and [[gliadin]]). When flour is mixed with water, the water-soluble proteins dissolve, leaving the glutenin and gliadin to form the structure of the resulting bread. When relatively dry dough is worked by [[kneading]], or wet dough is allowed to rise for a long time (see [[no-knead bread]]), the glutenin forms strands of long, thin, chainlike molecules, while the shorter gliadin forms bridges between the strands of glutenin. The resulting networks of strands produced by these two proteins are known as [[gluten]]. Gluten development improves if the dough is allowed to [[autolyse]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hunter |first1=Gary |last2=Carey |first2=Patrick |last3=Tinton |first3=Terry |last4=Walpole |first4=Steven |title=Professional Chef: Level 2 Diploma |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2iGHqXWigQ4C&pg=RA17-PA10 |year=2007 |publisher=Cengage Learning EMEA |isbn=978-1-84480-706-2 |pages=10–11}}</ref>

====Fortification====

Processing of flours usually involves removal of the outer layers, which contain important nutrients. Such flours, and bread made from them, may be fortified by adding nutrients. Fortification with added calcium, iron, thiamine (Vitamin B1) and niacin (Vitamin B3) is a legal requirement in the UK ([[wholemeal flour]]s, from which the nutrients have not been stripped, are exempt).<ref>{{cite web | title=Bread and Flour Regulations | publisher=UK Flour Millers | date=October 2023| url=https://www.ukflourmillers.org/bread-and-flour-regulations | access-date=5 January 2025}}</ref> The unregulated term "wheatmeal" is used to describe flour containing some but not all of the outer covering and central part of the wheat grain.<ref>{{cite dictionary | title=wheatmeal | dictionary=Cambridge Dictionary | url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/wheatmeal | access-date=5 January 2025 | archive-date=27 August 2025 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250827220323/https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/wheatmeal | url-status=live }}</ref>

===Liquids===

Water, or some other liquid, is used to form the flour into a paste or dough. The weight or ratio of liquid required varies between recipes, but a ratio of three parts liquid to five parts flour is common for yeast breads.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://food.laurieashton.com/2009/06/bakers-percentages-and-bread-hydration/ |title= Hydration ratio for breads |author= Laurie |date= 5 June 2009 |publisher= food.laurieashton.com
|access-date= 28 March 2026 |url-status=dead
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130114151320/http://food.laurieashton.com/2009/06/bakers-percentages-and-bread-hydration/ |archive-date= 14 January 2013 }} </ref> Recipes that use steam as the primary leavening method may have a liquid content in excess of one part liquid to one part flour. Instead of water, recipes may use liquids such as milk or other [[dairy product]]s (including [[buttermilk]] or [[yogurt]]), fruit juice, or eggs. These contribute additional sweeteners, fats, or leavening components, as well as water.<ref>{{cite web|title=Yeast & Baking Lessongs. Liquids|url=http://redstaryeast.com/yeast-baking-lessons/common-baking-ingredients/liquids/|publisher=Red Star Yeast|access-date=2 October 2016|archive-date=5 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005090340/http://redstaryeast.com/yeast-baking-lessons/common-baking-ingredients/liquids/|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Fats or shortenings===
Fats, such as butter, vegetable oils, lard, or that contained in eggs, affect the development of gluten in breads by coating and lubricating the individual strands of protein. They also help to hold the structure together. If too much fat is included in a bread dough, the lubrication effect causes the protein structures to divide. A fat content of approximately 3% by weight is the concentration that produces the greatest leavening action.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Young, Linda |author2=Cauvain, Stanley P. |title=Technology of Breadmaking |publisher=Springer |location=Berlin |year=2007 |page=54 |isbn=978-0-387-38563-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HXtJivmeDfcC&pg=PA54}}</ref> In addition to their effects on leavening, fats also serve to tenderize breads and preserve freshness.

===Bread improvers===
{{Main|Dough conditioner}}

Bread improvers and dough conditioners are often used in producing commercial breads to reduce the time needed for rising and to improve texture and volume and to give [[staling|antistaling]] effects. The substances used may be oxidising agents to strengthen the dough or reducing agents to develop gluten and reduce mixing time, emulsifiers to strengthen the dough or to provide other properties such as making slicing easier, or enzymes to increase gas production.<ref name=Tenbergen>{{cite web |last=Tenbergen |first=Klaus |title=Dough and Bread Conditioners |url=http://www.foodingredientsonline.com/doc.mvc/Dough-and-Bread-Conditioners-0001?VNETCOOKIE=NO |work=Food and Product Design Magazine |date=1999 |access-date=2 October 2016}}</ref>

===Salt===
Salt ([[sodium chloride]]) is very often added to enhance flavor and restrict yeast activity. It also affects the crumb and the overall texture by stabilizing and strengthening<ref>Silverton, Nancy (1996) ''Breads From The La Brea Bakery'', Villard, {{ISBN|0-679-40907-6}}</ref> the gluten. Some artisan bakers forego early addition of salt to the dough, whether wholemeal or refined, and wait until after a 20-minute rest to allow the dough to [[autolyse]].<ref>Reinhart, Peter (2001) ''The Bread Baker's Apprentice: Mastering the Art of Extraordinary Bread'', Ten Speed Press, {{ISBN|1-58008-268-8}}</ref>

Mixtures of salts are sometimes employed, such as employing [[potassium chloride]] to reduce the sodium level, and [[monosodium glutamate]] to give flavor ([[umami]]).

==Leavening==
{{See also|Unleavened bread}}

[[File:Aberdour Castle - Dough Trough.jpg|thumb|A dough trough, located in [[Aberdour Castle]], once used for leavening bread]]

[[Leavening]] is the process of adding gas to a dough before or during baking to produce a lighter, more easily chewed bread. Most bread eaten in the West is leavened.<ref name=BAC>{{cite web|title=The Bread Leavening Process|url=https://becomingachef.co.uk/bread-leavening-agents-sourdough-starter/|website=Becoming a Chef|access-date=2 October 2016|date=15 August 2016}}</ref>

===Chemicals===
A simple technique for leavening bread is the use of gas-producing chemicals. There are two common methods. The first is to use [[baking powder]] or a [[self-raising flour]] that includes baking powder. The second is to include an acidic ingredient such as [[buttermilk]] and add [[baking soda]]; the reaction of the acid with the soda produces gas.<ref name=BAC/> Chemically leavened breads are called ''[[quick bread]]s'' and ''[[soda bread]]s''. This method is commonly used to make [[muffin]]s, [[pancake]]s, American-style [[biscuits]], and quick breads such as [[banana bread]].

===Yeast===
{{Main|Baker's yeast}}
[[File:Compressed fresh yeast - 1.jpg|right|thumb|Compressed fresh yeast]]

Many breads are leavened by [[yeast]]. The yeast most commonly used for leavening bread is ''[[Saccharomyces cerevisiae]]'', the same species used for brewing cereal-based alcoholic beverages. This yeast [[Fermentation|ferments]] some of the sugars producing [[carbon dioxide]]. Commercial bakers often leaven their dough with commercially produced [[baker's yeast]]. Baker's yeast has the advantage of producing uniform, quick, and reliable results, because it is obtained from a [[pure culture]].<ref name=BAC/> Many artisan bakers produce their own yeast with a growth culture. If kept in the right conditions, it provides leavening for many years.<ref name="isbn0-387-38563-0-cite4">{{cite book |author1=Young, Linda |author2=Cauvain, Stanley P. |title=Technology of Breadmaking |publisher=Springer |location=Berlin |year=2007 |page=79 |isbn=978-0-387-38563-1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HXtJivmeDfcC&pg=PA79}}</ref>

The baker's yeast and [[sourdough]] methods follow the same pattern. Water is mixed with flour, salt and the leavening agent. Other additions (spices, herbs, fats, seeds, fruit, etc.) are not needed to bake bread, but are often used. The mixed dough is then allowed to [[Proofing (baking technique)|rise]] one or more times (a longer rising time results in more flavor, so bakers often "punch down" the dough and let it rise again), loaves are formed, and (after an optional final rising time) the bread is baked in an [[oven]].<ref name=BAC/>

Many breads are made from a "[[straight dough]]", which means that all of the ingredients are combined in one step, and the dough is baked after the rising time;<ref name=BAC/> others are made from a "[[pre-ferment]]" in which the leavening agent is combined with some of the flour and water a day or so ahead of baking and allowed to ferment overnight. On the day of baking, the rest of the ingredients are added, and the process continues as with straight dough. This produces a more flavorful bread with better texture. Many bakers see the starter method as a compromise between the reliable results of baker's yeast and the flavor and complexity of a longer fermentation. It also allows the baker to use only a minimal amount of baker's yeast, which was scarce and expensive when it first became available. Most yeasted pre-ferments fall into one of three categories: "[[poolish]]" or "pouliche", a loose-textured mixture composed of roughly equal amounts of flour and water (by weight); "[[biga (bread baking)|biga]]", a stiff mixture with a higher proportion of flour; and "pâte fermentée", which is a portion of dough reserved from a previous batch.<ref>{{cite web|title=Artisan bread baking tips: Poolish & biga|url=https://www.weekendbakery.com/posts/more-artisan-bread-baking-tips-poolish-biga/|website=Weekend Bakery|access-date=2 October 2016|archive-date=5 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005090024/https://www.weekendbakery.com/posts/more-artisan-bread-baking-tips-poolish-biga/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.kingarthurbaking.com/pro/reference/preferment |title= Preferments |author= |publisher=
King Arthur Flour
|access-date=November 10, 2025 |url-status=live
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251110130614/https://www.kingarthurbaking.com/pro/reference/preferment |archive-date=November 10, 2025 }}</ref>

<gallery mode="packed">
File:Breaddough1.jpg|Before first rising
File:Breaddough2.jpg|After first rising
File:Risen bread dough in tin.jpg|After [[proofing (baking technique)|proofing]], ready to bake
</gallery>

===Sourdough===
{{Main|Sourdough}}
[[File:Sour dough loaves03.jpg|thumb|Sourdough loaves]]

Sourdough is a type of bread produced by a long fermentation of dough using naturally occurring yeasts and [[Lactobacillus|lactobacilli]]. It usually has a mildly sour taste because of the [[lactic acid]] produced during [[Anaerobic respiration|anaerobic]] [[fermentation]] by the lactobacilli. Longer fermented sourdoughs can also contain [[acetic acid]], the main non-water component of vinegar.<ref name=DavidsonSourdough>{{cite book | first=Alan | last=Davidson | year=1999 | title=The Oxford Companion to Food | publisher=Oxford University Press | isbn=978-0-19-211579-9 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00davi_0/page/756 756–57] | url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00davi_0/page/756 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | editor1=Gobbetti, Marco |editor2=Gänzle, Michael |date=2012 |title=Handbook on Sourdough Biotechnology |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-4899-9189-8}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ng |first=Henry |date=June 1972 |title=Factors Affecting Organic Acid Production by Sourdough (San Francisco) Bacteria |journal=Applied Microbiology |language=en |volume=23 |issue=6 |pages=1153–1159 |doi=10.1128/am.23.6.1153-1159.1972 |issn=0003-6919 |pmc= 380523 |pmid=5042265}}</ref>

Sourdough breads are made with a sourdough starter. The starter cultivates yeast and lactobacilli in a mixture of flour and water, making use of the microorganisms already present on flour; it does not need any added yeast. A starter may be maintained indefinitely by regular additions of flour and water. Some bakers have starters many generations old, which are said to have a special taste or texture.<ref name=DavidsonSourdough/> At one time, all yeast-leavened breads were sourdoughs. Recently there has been a revival of sourdough bread in artisan bakeries.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Mesure|first1=Susie|title=Supermarkets cash in on sourdough bread craze as popularity surges|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/food-and-drink/news/supermarkets-cash-in-on-sourdough-bread-craze-as-popularity-surges-a6844101.html|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|access-date=2 October 2016|date=30 January 2016|archive-date=4 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160904072925/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/food-and-drink/news/supermarkets-cash-in-on-sourdough-bread-craze-as-popularity-surges-a6844101.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Traditionally, peasant families throughout Europe baked on a fixed schedule, perhaps once a week. The starter was saved from the previous week's dough. The starter was mixed with the new ingredients, the dough was left to rise, and then a piece of it was saved to be the starter for next week's bread.<ref name=BAC/>

===Steam===
The rapid expansion of steam produced during baking leavens the bread, which is as simple as it is unpredictable. Steam-leavening is unpredictable since the steam is not produced until the bread is baked. Steam leavening happens regardless of the raising agents (baking soda, yeast, baking powder, sour dough, beaten egg white) included in the mix. The leavening agent either contains air bubbles or generates carbon dioxide. The heat vaporises the water from the inner surface of the bubbles within the dough. The steam expands and makes the bread rise. This is the main factor in the rising of bread once it has been put in the oven.<ref>{{cite book |author=Edwards, W.P.|title=The science of bakery products |publisher=Royal Society of Chemistry |location=Cambridge |year=2007 |page=68 |isbn=978-0-85404-486-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oCVPjK0mSfkC&pg=PA68|quote=When bread expands in the oven the resulting expansion is known as oven spring. It has been calculated that water expansion was responsible for some 60% of the expansion. |access-date=8 December 2012}}</ref> [[Carbon dioxide|CO2]] generation, on its own, is too small to account for the rise. Heat kills bacteria or yeast at an early stage, so the CO2 generation is stopped.

===Bacteria===
[[Salt-rising bread]] does not use yeast. Instead, it is leavened by ''[[Clostridium perfringens]]'', one of the most common sources of food-borne illness.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://home.comcast.net/~petsonk/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120630212428/http://home.comcast.net/~petsonk/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=30 June 2012 |title=Susan R. Brown's Salt Rising Bread Project |publisher=Home.comcast.net |access-date=3 June 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Juckett |first1=Gregory |last2=Bardwell |first2=Genevieve |last3=McClane |first3=Bruce |last4=Brown |first4=Susan |date=2008 |title=Microbiology of salt rising bread |journal=The West Virginia Medical Journal |volume=104 |issue=4 |pages=26–27 |issn=0043-3284 |pmid=18646681 }}</ref>

===Aeration===
[[Aerated bread]] is leavened by carbon dioxide being forced into dough under pressure. From the mid-19th to mid-20th centuries, bread made this way was somewhat popular in the United Kingdom, made by the [[Aerated Bread Company]] and sold in its high-street [[Aerated Bread Company#Tea shops and early women's issues|tearooms]]. The company was founded in 1862, and ceased independent operations in 1955.<ref name=memoir>[[Benjamin Ward Richardson|Richardson MD FRS, Benjanmin Ward]]. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=5gEAAAAAQAAJ&q=%22john+dauglish%22 On the Healthy Manufacture of Bread: A Memoir on the System of Dr. Dauglish]''. Baillière, Tindall, & Cox, 1884. pp. 18, 20–21, 34, 62–63, 67–70, 74.</ref>

The Pressure-Vacuum mixer was later developed by the Flour Milling and Baking Research Association for the [[Chorleywood bread process]]. It manipulates the gas bubble size and optionally the composition of gases in the dough via the gas applied to the headspace.<ref>{{cite book |editor1=Kilcast, D. |editor2=McKenna, B. M. |title=Texture in food |publisher=Woodhead |year=2003 |page=448 |isbn=978-1-85573-724-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u-K8UuyKT48C&pg=PA448}}</ref>

== Cultural significance ==
{{main|Bread in culture}}
[[File:Rapid Trident 2014 03.jpg|thumb|upright=.7|A Ukrainian woman in national dress welcoming with [[bread and salt]]]]

[[Bread in culture|Bread plays an important role in many cultures]] because of its historical role and contemporary importance. Bread is also [[sacramental bread|significant in Christianity]] as one of the elements (alongside [[wine]]) of the [[Eucharist]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9033174/Eucharist |title=Eucharist (Christianity) – Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=2 June 2022 |archive-date=19 May 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080519053204/http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9033174/Eucharist |url-status=live }}</ref> and in other religions including [[Paganism]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Sabrina, Lady |title=Exploring Wicca: The Beliefs, Rites, and Rituals of the Wiccan Religion |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZeRKlCbOdnIC&pg=PA100 |year=2006 |publisher=Career Press |isbn=978-1-56414-884-1 |pages=100–}}</ref>

In many [[culture]]s, bread is a [[metaphor]] for basic necessities and living conditions in general. For example, a "bread-winner" is a household's main economic contributor and has little to do with actual bread-provision. This is also seen in the phrase "putting bread on the table". The Roman poet [[Juvenal]] satirized superficial politicians and the public as caring only for "''panem et circenses''" ([[bread and circuses]]).<ref>[[Juvenal#Literary and cultural influence|Juvenal's literary and cultural influence (Book IV: Satire 10.81)]]</ref> In [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Russia]] in 1917, the Bolsheviks promised "peace, land, and bread."<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/513251/Russia/38557/The-Civil-War-and-War-Communism-1918-21 |title=Russia |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=3 June 2010 |archive-date=29 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100129170228/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/513251/Russia/38557/The-Civil-War-and-War-Communism-1918-21 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sparknotes.com/biography/lenin/section6.rhtml |title=Vladimir Lenin: From March to October. SparkNotes |publisher=Sparknotes.com |access-date=3 June 2010 |archive-date=31 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171231202103/http://www.sparknotes.com/biography/lenin/section6.rhtml |url-status=live }}</ref> The term "[[breadbasket]]" denotes an agriculturally productive region. In parts of [[Northern Europe|Northern]], [[Central Europe|Central]], [[Southern Europe|Southern]] and [[Eastern Europe|Eastern]] Europe [[bread and salt]] is offered as a welcome to guests.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hayward |first=Tim |date=2020 |title=Loaf Story |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hrP1DwAAQBAJ |publisher=Hardie Grant Publishing |language=English |access-date=25 January 2021 |isbn=9781787134782}}</ref> In [[India]], life's basic necessities are often referred to as "roti, kapra aur makan" (bread, clothes, and house).<ref>{{cite book |last=Patel |first=K.V. |title=The Foundation Pillars for Change |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lC_8AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA54 |year=2014 |publisher=Partridge |isbn=978-1-4828-1563-4 |page=54}}</ref>

Words for bread, including "dough" and "bread" itself, are used in [[English language|English]]-speaking countries as [[synonym]]s for [[money]].<ref name=etym>{{OEtymD|bread}}</ref> A remarkable or revolutionary innovation may be called the best thing since "[[sliced bread]]".<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Molella |first1=Art |title=How the Phrase 'The Best Thing Since Sliced Bread' Originated |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2012/02/how-the-phrase-the-best-thing-since-sliced-bread-originated/252674/ |magazine=The Atlantic |access-date=30 September 2016 |date=8 February 2012 |archive-date=29 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160929225916/http://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2012/02/how-the-phrase-the-best-thing-since-sliced-bread-originated/252674/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The expression "to break bread with someone" means "to share a meal with someone".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/break+bread+with |title=Break bread with |publisher=The Free Dictionary |access-date=1 January 2017 |archive-date=1 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170101091439/http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/break+bread+with |url-status=live }}</ref> The English word "lord" comes from the Anglo-Saxon ''hlāfweard'', meaning "bread keeper."<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lord |title=Lord |dictionary=Merriam-Webster |access-date=1 January 2017 |archive-date=3 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170103153220/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lord |url-status=live }}</ref>

Bread is sometimes referred to as "the staff of life", although this term can refer to other staple foods in different cultures: the ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'' defines it as "bread (or similar staple food)".<ref name="camb">{{cite web|title=The staff of life|url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/staff-of-life|website=Cambridge Dictionary|access-date=20 April 2018|archive-date=20 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180420202928/https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/staff-of-life|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Fraud==
Bread has been subject to [[food fraud]] and [[adulteration]] with fillers. In [[medieval times]], sand was used as a filler.<ref>{{cite book |title=Truth and Tales: Cultural Mobility and Medieval Media |date=2015 |publisher=The Ohio State University Press |isbn=9780814273739|chapter=Chapter 9. Toward the Common Good: Punishing Fraud among the Victualers of Medieval London|chapter-url=https://muse.jhu.edu/pub/30/oa_edited_volume/chapter/1445387/pdf}}</ref>
The [[Russo-Ukrainian war]] has made sourcing [[wheat flour]] more challenging and raised concerns of bread [[flour fraud]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Looking for fraud in wheat flour |url=https://www.foodmanufacture.co.uk/Article/2023/09/21/wheat-flour-fraud |access-date=19 May 2024 |work=foodmanufacture.co.uk |date=21 September 2023 |archive-date=20 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240520100401/https://www.foodmanufacture.co.uk/Article/2023/09/21/wheat-flour-fraud |url-status=live }}</ref>

==See also==
{{portal|Food}}
{{div col}}
* {{annotated link|Bark bread}}
* {{annotated link|Bread bowl}}
* {{annotated link|Bread clip}}
* {{annotated link|Breading}}
* {{annotated link|Bread machine}}
* {{annotated link|Bread pan}}
* {{annotated link|Crouton}}s
* {{annotated link|List of breads}}
* {{annotated link|List of bread dishes}}
* {{annotated link|List of toast dishes}}
* {{annotated link|Quick bread}}
* {{annotated link|Sliced bread}}
* {{annotated link|Slow Bread}}
* {{annotated link|Sop}}
* {{annotated link|Stuffing}}
* {{annotated link|White bread}}
{{div col end}}


==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* Kaplan, Steven Laurence: ''Good Bread Is Back: A Contemporary History of French Bread, the Way It Is Made, and the People Who Make It''. Durham/ London: Duke University Press, 2006. {{ISBN|978-0-8223-3833-8}}
* Jacob, Heinrich Eduard: ''Six Thousand Years of Bread: Its Holy and Unholy History''. Garden City / New York: Doubleday, Doran and Comp., 1944. New 1997: New York: Lyons & Burford, Publishers (Foreword by Lynn Alley), {{ISBN|1-55821-575-1}} &lt
* Spiekermann, Uwe: "Brown Bread for Victory: German and British Wholemeal Politics in the Inter-War Period", in: Trentmann, Frank and Just, Flemming (ed.): ''Food and Conflict in Europe in the Age of the Two World Wars''. Basingstoke / New York: Palgrave, 2006, pp. 143–71, {{ISBN|1-4039-8684-3}}
* {{cite book | first = Marion | last = Cunningham | year = 1990 | title = The Fannie Farmer cookbook | others = illustrated by Lauren Jarrett | edition = 13th | publisher = Alfred A. Knopf |location = New York | isbn = 978-0-394-56788-4}}
* {{cite book | first=James | last=Trager | year=1995 | title=The food chronology: a food lover's compendium of events and anecdotes from prehistory to the present | publisher=Henry Holt | isbn=978-0-8050-3389-2 | url=https://archive.org/details/foodchronologyf00trag }}
* {{cite book | first=Alan | last=Davidson | year=1999 | title=The Oxford Companion to Food | publisher=Oxford University Press | isbn=978-0-19-211579-9 | url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00davi_0 }}
* {{cite conference | author=D. Samuel | title=Brewing and baking | book-title=Ancient Egyptian materials and technology. | editor=P. T. Nicholson | editor2=I. Shaw | location=Cambridge | publisher=Cambridge University Press | year=2000 |pages=537–76| isbn=0-521-45257-0}}
* {{cite book | first=E. J. | last=Pyler | year=1988 | title=Baking Science & Technology 3rd Ed. vols. I & II | publisher=Sosland Publishing Company | isbn=978-1-882005-02-4 }}
{{div col end}}

==External links==
{{Wiktionary}}
{{Wikiquote}}
* {{Wikivoyage inline|Bread and confectionery}}

{{Bread}}
{{Wheat}}
{{Cereals}}
{{Cuisine}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Breads| ]]
[[Category:Ancient dishes]]
[[Category:Staple foods]]
[[Category:Types of food]]
[[Category:Wheat dishes]]
[[Category:World cuisine]]
[[Category:Romani cuisine]]

Khalistan movement

2026-03-19T22:29:22Z

Heymfaizanali: Minor edits and structural improvements

{{Short description|Sikh separatist movement in the Punjab region}}
{{Pp-extended|small=yes}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2025}}
[[File:Flag-of-Khalistan.svg|thumb|The proposed flag of Khalistan is often used as a symbol of the Khalistan movement.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Shah |first=Murtaza Ali |date=27 January 2022 |title=Khalistan flag installed on Gandhi Statue in Washington |work=Geo News |url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/395548-khalistan-flag-installed-on-gandhi-statue-in-washington |access-date=31 July 2022 |archive-date=31 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220731125523/https://www.geo.tv/amp/395548-khalistan-flag-installed-on-gandhi-statue-in-washington |url-status=live }}</ref>]]

The '''Khalistan movement''' is a [[Separatism|separatist movement]] seeking to create a homeland for [[Sikhs]] by establishing an ethno-religious [[sovereign state]] called '''Khalistan'''{{Efn|Also known as ''Sikhistan'' from the 1940s to 1970s.}} ({{lit|[[-stan|land of]] the [[Khalsa]]}}) in the [[Punjab|Punjab region]].<ref>{{Cite book |last = Kinnvall |first = Catarina |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=XJzUzWDwZ4kC |title = Globalization and Religious Nationalism in India: The Search for Ontological Security |chapter = Situating Sikh and Hindu Nationalism in India |date = 24 January 2007 |publisher=Routledge |isbn = 978-1-13-413570-7 |language = en |access-date = 14 August 2015 |archive-date = 30 March 2023 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072123/https://books.google.com/books?id=XJzUzWDwZ4kC |url-status = live}}</ref> The proposed boundaries of Khalistan vary between different groups; some suggest the entirety of the Sikh-majority Indian state of [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], while larger claims include [[Punjab, Pakistan|Pakistani Punjab]] and other parts of [[North India]] such as [[Chandigarh]], [[Haryana]], and [[Himachal Pradesh]].<ref name="Crenshaw">Crenshaw, Martha (1995). ''Terrorism in Context'', [[Pennsylvania State University]], {{ISBN|978-0-271-01015-1}}. p. 364.</ref>

The call for a separate Sikh state began during the 1930s, when [[British Raj|British rule in India]] was nearing its end.<ref name="keith-call-homeland"/> In 1940, the first explicit call for Khalistan was made in a pamphlet titled "Khalistan".<ref>{{cite book|last1=Shani|first1=Giorgio|title=Sikh Nationalism and Identity in a Global Age|date=2007|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-10189-4|page=51|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HKu66SixH6AC&q=bhatti |quote=However, the term Khalistan was first coined by Dr V.S. Bhatti to denote an independent Sikh state in March 1940. Dr Bhatti made the case for a separate Sikh state in a pamphlet entitled 'Khalistan' in response to the Muslim League's Lahore Resolution.|access-date=19 March 2023|archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072134/https://books.google.com/books?id=HKu66SixH6AC&q=bhatti|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bianchini |first1=Stefano |last2=Chaturvedi |first2=Sanjay |last3=Ivekovic|first3=Rada|last4=Samaddar|first4=Ranabir|title=Partitions: Reshaping States and Minds |date=2004 |publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-27654-7 |page=121 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=32h_AgAAQBAJ&q=pamphlet%20forty%20pages|quote=Around the same time, a pamphlet of about forty pages, entitled 'Khalistan', and authored by medical doctor, V.S. Bhatti, also appeared. |access-date=19 March 2023|archive-date=30 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072124/https://books.google.com/books?id=32h_AgAAQBAJ&q=pamphlet%20forty%20pages|url-status=live}}</ref> In the 1940s, a demand for a Sikh country called 'Sikhistan' arose.<ref name=":6">{{Cite book |last=Larson |first=Gerald James |title=India's Agony Over Religion: Confronting Diversity in Teacher Education |date=16 February 1995 |publisher=SUNY Press |isbn=9780791424124 |edition=Reprint |pages=190}}</ref> With financial and political support from the [[Sikh diaspora]], the movement flourished in the Indian state of Punjab – which has a [[Demographics of Punjab, India|Sikh-majority population]] – continuing through the 1970s and 1980s, and reaching its zenith in the late 1980s. The Sikh separatist leader [[Jagjit Singh Chohan]] said that during his talks with [[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]], the latter affirmed his support for the Khalistan movement in retaliation for the [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1971|1971 Indo-Pakistan war]], which resulted in the secession of Bangladesh from Pakistan.<ref name="ChohanIT22">{{cite news |last1=Gupta |first1=Shekhar |last2=Subramanian |first2=Nirupaman |date=15 December 1993 |title=You can't get Khalistan through military movement: Jagat Singh Chouhan |language=en |work=India Today |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/interview/story/19931215-you-cant-get-khalistan-through-military-movement-says-jagat-singh-chouhan-811922-1993-12-15 |url-status=live |access-date=29 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204070745/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/interview/story/19931215-you-cant-get-khalistan-through-military-movement-says-jagat-singh-chouhan-811922-1993-12-15 |archive-date=4 February 2021}}</ref>

The [[Insurgency in Punjab, India|insurgency in Punjab]] started in the early 1980s after [[1978 Sikh–Nirankari clash]].<ref name="HT_New2018" /><ref name="india-canada-list">{{cite news |date=22 February 2018 |title=India gives Trudeau list of suspected Sikh separatists in Canada |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-india-canada-trudeau/india-gives-trudeau-list-of-suspected-sikh-separatists-in-canada-idUSKCN1G61K7 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203234341/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-india-canada-trudeau/india-gives-trudeau-list-of-suspected-sikh-separatists-in-canada-idUSKCN1G61K7 |archive-date=3 February 2021 |access-date=22 May 2018 |publisher=Reuters |quote=The Sikh insurgency petered out in the 1990s. He told state leaders his country would not support anyone trying to reignite the movement for an independent Sikh homeland called Khalistan.}}</ref> Several [[Groups of Khalistan movement|Pro-Khalistan groups]] were involved in the armed insurgency, including [[Babbar Khalsa]] and [[Khalistan Commando Force]], among others.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Fair |first1=C. Christine |title=Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies: Insights from the Khalistan and Tamil Eelam Movements |journal=Nationalism and Ethnic Politics |date=2005 |volume=11 |pages=125–156 |doi=10.1080/13537110590927845|s2cid=145552863|issn = 1353-7113 }}</ref> In 1986, [[Khalistan Commando Force]] took responsibility for the assassination of General [[Arun Vaidya]], in retaliation for 1984's [[Operation Blue Star]].<ref name="topgeneralassasinated">Weisman, Steven R. "A Top Indian General Is Assassinated", ''[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]]'', 11 August 1986.</ref><ref name="vaidyamurdercase">"The Vaidya Murder Case: Confirming Death Sentences", ''[[India Abroad]]'' (New York edition). New York: 24 July 1992. Vol. XXII, Issue 43. p. 20.</ref> By the mid-1990s, the
insurgency petered out, with the last major incident being the [[Beant Singh (politician)#Assassination|assassination of Chief Minister Beant Singh]], who was killed in a bomb blast by a member of [[Babbar Khalsa International|Babbar Khalsa]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Punjab on edge over hanging of Beant Singh's killer Bhai Balwant Singh Rajoana |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/punjab-on-edge-beant-singh-balwant-singh-rajoana-97331-2012-03-27 |access-date=28 March 2012 |newspaper=India Today |date=28 March 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329042658/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/punjab-on-edge-beant-singh-balwant-singh-rajoana/1/179691.html |archive-date=29 March 2012 }}</ref> The movement failed to reach its objective for multiple reasons, including violent police crackdowns on separatists, factional infighting, and disillusionment from the Sikh population.<ref name="HT_New2018" />{{sfnp|Van Dyke, The Khalistan Movement|2009|p=990}}

There is some support within India and the Sikh diaspora, with yearly demonstrations in protest of those killed during [[Operation Blue Star]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ali|first1=Haider |title=Mass protests erupt around Golden Temple complex as pro-Khalistan Sikhs mark Blue Star anniversary |url=https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/world/mass-protests-erupt-around-golden-temple-complex-as-pro-khalistan-sikhs-mark-blue-star-anniversary/ |work=Daily Pakistan|date=6 June 2018|access-date=25 June 2018|archive-date=6 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706201236/https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/06-Jun-2018/mass-protests-erupt-around-golden-temple-complex-as-pro-khalistan-sikhs-mark-blue-star-anniversary|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=UK: Pakistani-origin lawmaker leads protests in London to call for Kashmir, Khalistan freedom|url=https://scroll.in/latest/866573/uk-pakistani-origin-lawmaker-leads-protests-in-london-to-call-for-kashmir-khalistan-freedom|website=Scroll|date=27 January 2018 |access-date=29 June 2018|archive-date=3 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203233201/https://scroll.in/latest/866573/uk-pakistani-origin-lawmaker-leads-protests-in-london-to-call-for-kashmir-khalistan-freedom|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Bhattacharyya|first1=Anirudh|title=Pro-Khalistan groups plan event in Canada to mark Operation Bluestar anniversary|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/pro-khalistan-groups-plan-event-in-canada-to-mark-operation-bluestar-anniversary/story-g6TtIBu1JXinwhvaQe0F5N.html|work=Hindustan Times|access-date=6 July 2018|date=5 June 2017|archive-date=4 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204024553/https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/pro-khalistan-groups-plan-event-in-canada-to-mark-operation-bluestar-anniversary/story-g6TtIBu1JXinwhvaQe0F5N.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In early 2018, some militant groups were arrested by police in Punjab, India.<ref name="HT_New2018">{{cite news|title=New brand of Sikh militancy: Suave, tech-savvy pro-Khalistan youth radicalised on social media|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/opinion/a-new-brand-of-sikh-militancy-rears-its-head/story-JH3XbAGk6sSxlYrVEDyISK.html|newspaper=Hindustan Times|access-date=27 April 2018|archive-date=4 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304040341/https://www.hindustantimes.com/opinion/a-new-brand-of-sikh-militancy-rears-its-head/story-JH3XbAGk6sSxlYrVEDyISK.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Former [[List of chief ministers of Punjab, India|Chief Minister of Punjab]] [[Amarinder Singh]] claimed that the recent extremism is backed by Pakistan's [[Inter-Services Intelligence]] (ISI) and "Khalistani sympathisers" in [[Canada]], [[Italy]], and the [[United Kingdom|UK]].<ref name="OutlookAmarinder">{{cite news|last1=Majumdar|first1=Ushinor|title=Sikh Extremists in Canada, The UK And Italy Are Working With ISI Or Independently|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/sikh-extremists-in-canada-the-uk-and-italy-are-working-with-isi-or-independently/299753|newspaper=Outlook India|quote=Q. Is it clear which "foreign hand" is driving this entire nexus? A. Evidence gathered by the police and other agencies points to the ISI as the key perpetrator of extremism in Punjab. (Amarinder Singh Indian Punjab Chief Minister)|access-date=8 June 2018|archive-date=20 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190720213325/https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/sikh-extremists-in-canada-the-uk-and-italy-are-working-with-isi-or-independently/299753|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar)]] is currently the only pro-Khalistan party recognised by the [[Election Commission of India]]. As of 2024, two seats in the Indian Parliament are held by [[Amritpal Singh]], an incarcerated pro-Khalistan activist, and [[Sarabjeet Singh Khalsa]], who is the son of the assassin of former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.<ref name="Dedicates">{{citation |title=Simranjit Singh Mann stokes row, dedicates Sangrur win to Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale: Know about pro-Khalistan leader |url=https://www.firstpost.com/politics/simranjit-singh-mann-stokes-row-dedicates-sangrur-win-to-jarnail-singh-bhindranwale-know-about-pro-khalistan-leader-10840911.html |access-date=27 June 2022 |work=[[Firstpost]] |date=27 June 2022 |language=en |archive-date=27 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627072635/https://www.firstpost.com/politics/simranjit-singh-mann-stokes-row-dedicates-sangrur-win-to-jarnail-singh-bhindranwale-know-about-pro-khalistan-leader-10840911.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{citation |date=26 June 2022 |title=Sangrur Bypoll Results Live: AAP loses Bhagwant Mann's seat, SAD-A wins by 6,800 votes |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/sangrur-by-election-results-2022-live-updates-counting-of-votes-lok-sabha-bypoll-results-in-punjab-101656210234523.html |access-date=26 June 2022 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en |archive-date=26 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626091844/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/sangrur-by-election-results-2022-live-updates-counting-of-votes-lok-sabha-bypoll-results-in-punjab-101656210234523.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Pre-1950s ==
[[File:Map showing Sikh Empire's territory at the time of Ranjit Singh’s passing away.jpg|thumb|[[Maharaja Ranjit Singh]]'s [[Sikh Empire]] in c. 1839.]]

Sikhs have been concentrated in the [[Punjab|Punjab region]] of [[South Asia]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wallace |first1=Paul |title=The Sikhs as a "Minority" in a Sikh Majority State in India |journal=Asian Survey |date=1986 |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=363–377 |doi=10.2307/2644197 |jstor=2644197 |issn=0004-4687|quote=Over 8,000,000 of India's 10,378,979 Sikhs were concentrated in Punjab}}</ref> Before its conquest by the British, the region around Punjab had been ruled by the confederacy of [[Sikh Misl]]s in the 18th century and a [[Sikh Empire]] and [[Cis-Sutlej states|kingdoms]] in the first half of the 19th century. The Misls ruled over the eastern Punjab from 1733 to 1799,{{sfnp|Jolly, Sikh Revivalist Movements|1988|p=6}} until their confederacy was unified into the [[Sikh Empire]] by [[Maharajah Ranjit Singh]] from 1799 to 1849.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Purewal |first1=Navtej K. |title=Living on the Margins: Social Access to Shelter in Urban South Asia |date=2017 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-351-74899-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JFM8DwAAQBAJ&dq=Maharaja+Ranjit+Singh+unified&pg=PT68 |language=en |quote=The wrangling between various Sikh groupings were resolved by the nineteenth century when Maharajah Ranjit Singh unified the Punjab from Peshawar t the Sutluj River. |access-date=19 March 2023 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072117/https://books.google.com/books?id=JFM8DwAAQBAJ&dq=Maharaja+Ranjit+Singh+unified&pg=PT68 |url-status=live }}</ref>

At the end of the [[Second Anglo-Sikh War]] in 1849, the Sikh Empire was dissolved into separate [[princely state]]s and the [[Punjab Province (British India)|British province of Punjab]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Panton |first1=Kenneth J. |title=Historical Dictionary of the British Empire |date=2015 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-0-8108-7524-1 |pages=470 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WdFbCQAAQBAJ&dq=sikh+empire+british&pg=PA470 |language=en |quote=A second conflict, just two years later, led to complete subjugation of the Sikhs and the incorporation of the remainder of their lands |access-date=19 March 2023 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072126/https://books.google.com/books?id=WdFbCQAAQBAJ&dq=sikh+empire+british&pg=PA470 |url-status=live }}</ref> In newly conquered regions, "religio-nationalist movements emerged in response to British {{'}}[[divide and rule]]{{'}} administrative policies, the perceived success of Christian missionaries converting Hindus, Sikhs and Muslims, and a general belief that the solution to the downfall among India's religious communities was a grassroots religious revival."{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=127}}

As the British Empire began to dissolve in the 1930s, Sikhs made their first call for a Sikh homeland.<ref name="keith-call-homeland">{{cite book |last1=Axel |first1=Brian Keith |title=The Nation's Tortured Body: Violence, Representation, and the Formation of a Sikh "Diaspora" |date=2001 |publisher=Duke University Press |isbn=978-0-8223-2615-1 |pages=84 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gj8yJsixw8QC&dq=akali+dal+khalistan+1930s&pg=PA84 |language=en |quote=The call for a Sikh homeland was first made in the 1930s, addressed to the quickly dissolving empire. |access-date=19 March 2023 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072138/https://books.google.com/books?id=Gj8yJsixw8QC&dq=akali+dal+khalistan+1930s&pg=PA84 |url-status=live }}</ref> When the [[Lahore Resolution]] of the [[All-India Muslim League|Muslim League]] demanded Punjab be made into a Muslim state, the [[Akali movement|Akalis]] viewed it as an attempt to usurp a historically Sikh territory.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Axel |first1=Brian Keith |title=The Nation's Tortured Body: Violence, Representation, and the Formation of a Sikh "Diaspora" |date=2001 |publisher=Duke University Press |isbn=978-0-8223-2615-1 |pages=85 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gj8yJsixw8QC&dq=akali+dal+khalistan+1930s&pg=PA84 |language=en |quote=The Akalis viewed the Lahore Resolution and the Cripps Mission as a betrayal of the Sikhs and an attempt to usurp what, since the time of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, was historically a Sikh territory. |access-date=19 March 2023 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072138/https://books.google.com/books?id=Gj8yJsixw8QC&dq=akali+dal+khalistan+1930s&pg=PA84 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{citation |last1=Tan |first1=Tai Yong |author-link1=Tan Tai Yong |last2=Kudaisya |first2=Gyanesh |author-link2=Gyanesh Kudaisya |year=2005 |orig-year=First published 2000 |title=The Aftermath of Partition in South Asia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aPOBAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA100 |publisher=Routledge |page=100 |isbn=978-0-415-28908-5 |quote=The professed intention of the Muslim League to impose a Muslim state on the Punjab (a Muslim majority province) was anathema to the Sikhs ... the Sikhs launched a virulent campaign against the Lahore Resolution ... Sikh leaders of all political persuasions made it clear that Pakistan would be 'wholeheartedly resisted'.}}</ref> In response, the Sikh party [[Shiromani Akali Dal]] argued for a community that was separate from Hindus and Muslims.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Axel |first1=Brian Keith |title=The Nation's Tortured Body: Violence, Representation, and the Formation of a Sikh "Diaspora" |date=2001 |publisher=Duke University Press |isbn=978-0-8223-2615-1 |pages=84 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gj8yJsixw8QC&dq=akali+dal+khalistan+1930s&pg=PA84 |language=en |quote=Against the nationalist ideology of a united India, which called for all groups to set aside "communal" differences, the Shiromani Akali Dal Party of the 1930s rallied around the proposition of a Sikh panth (community) that was separate from Hindus and Muslims. |access-date=19 March 2023 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072138/https://books.google.com/books?id=Gj8yJsixw8QC&dq=akali+dal+khalistan+1930s&pg=PA84 |url-status=live }}</ref> The Akali Dal imagined Khalistan as a [[theocracy|theocratic]] state led by the [[Maharaja of Patiala]] with the aid of a cabinet consisting of the representatives of other units.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shani |first1=Giorgio |title=Sikh Nationalism and Identity in a Global Age |date=2007 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-10189-4 |pages=52 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HKu66SixH6AC&dq=shani+theocratic+state+khalistan&pg=PA52 |language=en |quote=Khalistan was imagined as a theocratic state, a mirror-image of 'Muslim' Pakistan, led by the Maharaja of Patiala with the aid of a cabinet consisting of representing federating units. |access-date=19 March 2023 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072207/https://books.google.com/books?id=HKu66SixH6AC&dq=shani+theocratic+state+khalistan&pg=PA52 |url-status=live }}</ref> The country would include parts of present-day [[Punjab, India]], present-day [[Punjab, Pakistan]] (including [[Lahore]]), and the [[Shimla|Simla]] [[Hill States of India|Hill States]].<ref>{{citation |title=The Foreign Policy of Pakistan: Ethnic Impacts on Diplomacy 1971–1994 |last=Shah |first=Mehtab Ali |date=1997 |publisher=I.B.Tauris |isbn=978-1-86064-169-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7czT4fipTyoC&q=khalistan+lahore&pg=PA25 |access-date=5 October 2020 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072122/https://books.google.com/books?id=7czT4fipTyoC&q=khalistan+lahore&pg=PA25 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Azad Punjab, 1943 ===
[[File:Punjab 1909.jpg|thumb|[[Punjab (British India)|British Punjab Province]], in 1909]]
Azad Punjab was a proposal of a redrawing of the boundaries of Punjab to excise the overwhelmingly Muslim-majority northwestern-areas west of the Jhelum river out of, which the Akali Dal claimed were not actually part of Punjab proper but had been added administratively to Punjab earlier by Maharaja Ranjit Singh.<ref name=":7">{{Cite journal |last=Yong |first=Tan Tai |date=July–December 1994 |title=Prelude to Partition: Sikh Responses to the Demand for Pakistan, 1940–47 |url=https://giss.org/pdf/1_2_Punjab_F.pdf |journal=International Journal of Punjab Studies |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=174–183}}</ref> The Azad Punjab proposal was a redrawing of borders in-order to demographically balance the religious make-up of the Punjab to around 40% Muslim, 40% Hindu, an 20% Sikh so that no single religious community would demographically dominate overall whilst also ensuring the Sikhs would remain the power-brokers between the equally-numbered Muslims and Hindus.<ref name=":7" /> The Azad Punjab proposal was never intended to be a separate Sikh state.<ref name=":7" /> The areas claimed for Azad Punjab were Ambala, Jullunder, and Lahore divisions, Lyallpur district of the Multan division, and parts of Montgomery and Multan districts.<ref name=":7" /> However, the Azad Punjab proposal was not popular outside of the Akali Dal.<ref name=":7" />

=== Sikhistan, 1944–1946 ===
Sikhistan was a proposal taken up by Master Tara Singh for an "independent Sikh nation" in the 1940s.<ref name=":6" /> In 1940, V. S. Bhatti proposed the creation of a Sikh nation called 'Sikhistan' to be led by the [[Maharaja of Patiala]]. He envisioned a "Khalistan" where the Maharaja would be aided by a cabinet comprising representatives from various federating units.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Shani |first=Giorgio |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780203937211/sikh-nationalism-identity-global-age-giorgio-shani |title=Sikh Nationalism and Identity in a Global Age |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-134-10189-4 |doi=10.4324/9780203937211 |access-date=15 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221014214039/https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780203937211/sikh-nationalism-identity-global-age-giorgio-shani |archive-date=14 October 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Shani |first=Giorgio |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ckd8AgAAQBAJ&dq=The+Khalistan+proposed+by+Bhatti+was+meant+to+include+three+main+areas%3A+the+central+districts+of+Punjab+province+then+directly+administered+by+the+British%2C+including+Ludhiana%2C+Jullunder%2C+Ambala%2C+Ferozpur%2C+Amritsar+and+Lahore%3B+the+%27princely+states%27+of+the+Cis-Sutlej%2C+including+Patiala%2C+Nabha%2C+Faridkot+and+Malerkolta%3A+and+the+Shimla+Group%27+of+states.+Khalistan+was+imagined+as+a+theocratic+state%2C+a+mirror-image+of+%2AMuslim%27+Pakistan%2C+led+by+the+Maharaja+of+Patiala+with+the+aid+of+a+cabinet+consisting+of+representative+federating+units+%28Riar+1996%3A+233%29+The+Khalistan+demand+proposed+by+Bhatti+appealed+to+those+Sikhs+outside+of+the+Sikh+%27political+system%27%2C&pg=PT70 |title=Sikh Nationalism and Identity in a Global Age |date=6 December 2007 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-10188-7 |language=en |access-date=21 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221118065625/https://books.google.com/books?id=ckd8AgAAQBAJ&dq=The+Khalistan+proposed+by+Bhatti+was+meant+to+include+three+main+areas%3A+the+central+districts+of+Punjab+province+then+directly+administered+by+the+British%2C+including+Ludhiana%2C+Jullunder%2C+Ambala%2C+Ferozpur%2C+Amritsar+and+Lahore%3B+the+%27princely+states%27+of+the+Cis-Sutlej%2C+including+Patiala%2C+Nabha%2C+Faridkot+and+Malerkolta%3A+and+the+Shimla+Group%27+of+states.+Khalistan+was+imagined+as+a+theocratic+state%2C+a+mirror-image+of+%2AMuslim%27+Pakistan%2C+led+by+the+Maharaja+of+Patiala+with+the+aid+of+a+cabinet+consisting+of+representative+federating+units+%28Riar+1996%3A+233%29+The+Khalistan+demand+proposed+by+Bhatti+appealed+to+those+Sikhs+outside+of+the+Sikh+%27political+system%27%2C&pg=PT70 |archive-date=18 November 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Archives |first=The National |title=The National Archives - Homepage |url=https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/indian-independence/liberator/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221014224123/https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/indian-independence/liberator/ |archive-date=14 October 2022 |access-date=14 October 2022 |website=The National Archives |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pathak |first=Ritika |date=12 December 2020 |title=Khalistan movement: Origin and the two different narratives |url=https://www.newshour.press/blogs/khalistan-movement-origin-and-the-two-different-narratives/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221014225743/https://www.newshour.press/blogs/khalistan-movement-origin-and-the-two-different-narratives/ |archive-date=14 October 2022 |access-date=14 October 2022 |website=Newshour Press |language=en-US}}</ref> These units included the central districts of Punjab province directly administered by the British at that time, including [[Ludhiana]], [[Jalandhar]], [[Ambala]], [[Firozpur]], [[Amritsar]], and [[Lahore]]. It also encompassed the princely states of the [[Cis-Sutlej states|Cis-Sutlej]] region, including Patiala, [[Nabha State|Nabha]], [[Faridkot State|Faridkot]], and [[Malerkotla State|Malerkotla]], as well as the states in the 'Shimla Group'.

Sikhistan was further proposed in mid-1944 at the All-Parties Sikh Conference in Amritsar in-response to the [[C. R. formula]], which the Sikhs of the Akali Dal felt betrayed by as the proposal would divide the Sikh population at the time into two halves.<ref name=":7" /> Sikhistan differed from the Azad Punjab scheme that the Akali Dal had previously supported in 1943, as while Sikhistan demanded a separate Sikh state and was marked by a "Sikh complexion", Azad Punjab was on the other hand was a call for a more demographically religiously-balanced Punjab (albeit to still give Sikhs an upper-hand politically).<ref name=":7" /> However, Sikhistan did not feature in the election of campaign of the Akali Dal in 1946.<ref name=":7" /> On 22 March 1946, the Akali Dal pressed the demand for Sikhistan to the Cabinet Mission.<ref name=":7" /> Another name used for the proposed Sikh country was Khalistan.<ref name=":7" />

Sikhistan was envisioned to be a Sikh federation, where regions in central and eastern Punjab with large amounts of Sikhs, alongside territory held by the Sikh-ruled princely states of Patiala, Nabha, Jind, Faridkot, Kalsia, and Kapurthala, would form a country.<ref name=":7" /> According to Giani Kartar Singh, Sikhistan would comprise the entirety of Lahore, Karnal, Simla, Montgomery, and Lyallpur districts.<ref name=":7" /> Meanwhile, Baldev Singh envisioned Sikhistan as comprising Ambala, Jullunder, and Lahore divisions.<ref name=":7" /> Master Tara Singh vaguely mentioned that a future Sikhistan would reserve the right to federate with either Pakistan or India.<ref name=":7" /> According to Tan Tai Yong, the demand for Sikhistan was a sign of the desperation of the Sikh leaders, who wanted to communicate to the British their fears of being under a "Muslim Raj" and their hope for representation in post-colonial Punjab.<ref name=":7" /> Therefore, the Sikhs copied the Muslim League in their demand for Pakistan by making a demand for Sikhistan in-order to achieve their aims for future political representation and power, although the Sikh leaders knew the demand for Sikhistan would not be taken seriously.<ref name=":7" /> The Cabinet Mission dismissed the Sikhistan demand as unrealistic and impossible.<ref name=":7" />

=== Partition of India, 1947 ===
[[File:Partition map of Punjab, showing the India and Pakistan border boundaries, Geographical Section, General Staff, 1947 (with markups including irrigation information).jpg|thumb|Partition map of Punjab, showing the India and Pakistan border boundaries, Geographical Section, General Staff, 1947 (with a region marked as the "Sikh Homeland")]]
Before the 1947 [[partition of India]], Sikhs were not in majority in any of the districts of pre-partition [[Punjab Province (British India)|British Punjab Province]] other than [[Ludhiana]] (where Sikhs formed 41.6% of the population).<ref>{{citation|last1=Hill|first1=K.|title=A Demographic Case Study of Forced Migration: The 1947 Partition of India|date=2003|url=http://paa2004.princeton.edu/download.asp?submissionId=41274|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206171954/http://paa2004.princeton.edu/download.asp?submissionId=41274|publisher=Harvard University Asia Center|archive-date=6 December 2008|last2=Seltzer|first2=W.|last3=Leaning|first3=J.|last4=Malik|first4=S.J.|last5=Russell|first5=S. S.|last6=Makinson|first6=C.}}</ref> Rather, districts in the region had a majority of either the Hindus or Muslims depending on its location in the province.

[[Presidencies and provinces of British India|British India]] was partitioned on a religious basis in 1947, where the Punjab province was divided between India and the newly created Pakistan. As result, a majority of Sikhs, along with the Hindus, migrated from the Pakistani region to India's Punjab, which included present-day [[Haryana]] and [[Himachal Pradesh]]. The Sikh population, which had gone as high as 19.8% in some Pakistani districts in 1941, dropped to 0.1% in Pakistan, and rose sharply in the districts assigned to India. However, they would still be a minority in the Punjab province of India, which remained a Hindu-majority province.<ref name="WHM_Sikhs_1991">{{citation |last=McLeod |first=W. H. |title=The Sikhs: History, Religion, and Society |url=https://archive.org/details/sikhshistoryreli00mcle |year=1989 |publisher=Columbia University Press |isbn=978-0-231-06815-4}}</ref>{{page needed|date=December 2018}}

After the [[Partition of India]] in 1947, a Sikh publication called ''The Liberator'' advocated for Khalistan, proposing that it should include [[East Punjab]] merged with the [[Patiala and East Punjab States Union]] (PEPSU), with the Maharaja of Patiala as its monarch.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Amar |title=LET PATIALA LEAD THE PANTH TO GLORY |url=https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/indian-independence/liberator/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221014224123/https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/indian-independence/liberator/ |archive-date=14 October 2022 |access-date=15 October 2022 |website=National Achieves UK}}</ref>

=== Sikh relationship with Punjab (via Oberoi) ===

[[File:Punjab district map.png|thumb|A map of the present-day Indian state of [[Punjab]]. Following the partition, [[East Punjab]] (including [[Patiala and East Punjab States Union|PEPSU]]) was divided in 1966 with the formation of the new states of [[Haryana]] and [[Himachal Pradesh]] as well as the current state of Punjab. Punjab is the only state in India with a majority Sikh population.]]
Sikh historian [[Harjot Oberoi|Harjot Singh Oberoi]] argues that, despite the historical linkages between Sikhs and Punjab, territory has never been a major element of Sikh self-definition. He makes the case that the attachment of Punjab with Sikhism is a recent phenomenon, stemming from the 1940s.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=129}} Historically, [[Sikhism]] has been pan-Indian, with the [[Guru Granth Sahib]] (the main scripture of Sikhism) drawing from works of saints in both North and South India, while several major seats in Sikhism (e.g. [[Takht Sri Patna Sahib]] in [[Bihar]] and [[Hazur Sahib]] in [[Maharashtra]]) are located outside of Punjab.<ref>{{Cite web|date=30 November 1999|title=Gurudwaras Outside of Punjab State|url=https://www.allaboutsikhs.com/gurudwaras/gurudwaras-in-india/gurudwaras-outside-of-punjab-state-v15-2736/|access-date=17 October 2020|website=Gateway To Sikhism|language=en-US|archive-date=2 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302180228/https://www.allaboutsikhs.com/gurudwaras/gurudwaras-in-india/gurudwaras-outside-of-punjab-state-v15-2736/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Oberoi makes the case that Sikh leaders in the late 1930s and 1940s realised that the dominance of [[Islam in Pakistan|Muslims in Pakistan]] and of [[Hinduism in India|Hindus in India]] was imminent. To justify a separate Sikh state within the Punjab, Sikh leaders started to mobilise meta-commentaries and signs to argue that Punjab belonged to Sikhs and Sikhs belong to Punjab. This began the territorialisation of the Sikh community.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=129}}

This territorialisation of the Sikh community would be formalised in March 1946, when the Sikh political party of [[Shiromani Akali Dal|Akali Dal]] passed a resolution proclaiming the natural association of Punjab and the Sikh religious community.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=130}} Oberoi argues that despite having its beginnings in the early 20th century, Khalistan as a separatist movement was never a major issue until the late 1970s and 1980s when it began to militarise.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=128}}

==1950s to 1970s==

There are two distinct narratives about the origins of the calls for a sovereign Khalistan. One refers to the events within India itself, while the other privileges the role of the [[Sikh diaspora]]. Both of these narratives vary in the form of governance proposed for this state (e.g. [[theocracy]] vs [[democracy]]) as well as the proposed name (i.e. Sikhistan vs Khalistan). Even the precise geographical borders of the proposed state differs among them although it was generally imagined to be carved out from one of various historical constructions of the Punjab.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=134}}

=== Emergence in India ===
{{see also|Punjabi Suba movement}}
Established on 14 December 1920, [[Shiromani Akali Dal|Akali Dal]] was a Sikh political party that sought to form a government in Punjab.<ref name=":1">Jetly, Rajshree. 2006. "The Khalistan Movement in India: The Interplay of Politics and State Power." ''International Review of Modern Sociology'' 34(1):61–62. {{JSTOR|41421658}}.</ref>

Following the 1947 independence of India, the [[Punjabi Suba movement]], led by the Akali Dal, sought the creation of a province (''[[Subah|suba]]'') for [[Punjabis|Punjabi people]]. The Akali Dal's maximal position of demands was a [[sovereign state]] (i.e. Khalistan), while its minimal position was to have an [[Autonomous administrative division|autonomous state]] within India.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=134}} The issues raised during the Punjabi Suba movement were later used as a premise for the creation of a separate Sikh country by proponents of Khalistan.

As the religious-based partition of India led to much bloodshed, the Indian government initially rejected the demand, concerned that creating a Punjabi-majority state would effectively mean yet again creating a state based on religious grounds.<ref name="Tribune_Relations_2003">{{cite news |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20031103/edit.htm#5 |title=Hindu-Sikh relations – I |newspaper=The Tribune |location=Chandigarh, India |publisher=Tribuneindia.com |date=3 November 2003 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605231120/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20031103/edit.htm#5 |archive-date=5 June 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Chawla, Muhammad Iqbal. 2017. ''The Khalistan Movement of 1984: A Critical Appreciation''.
</ref>

On 7 September 1966, the [[Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966|''Punjab Reorganisation Act'']] was passed in Parliament, implemented with effect beginning 1 November 1966. Accordingly, Punjab was divided into the state of Punjab and [[Haryana]], with certain areas to [[Himachal Pradesh]]. [[Chandigarh]] was made a centrally administered [[Union territory]].<ref name="india_gov_PRA_1966">{{cite web |url=http://india.gov.in/allimpfrms/allacts/474.pdf |title=The Punjab Reorganisation Act, 1966 |publisher=Government of India |date=18 September 1966 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119110225/http://india.gov.in/allimpfrms/allacts/474.pdf |archive-date=19 January 2012 }}</ref> While the [[Government of India|Union Government]] led by [[Indira Gandhi]] agreed with the creation of Punjab state but refused to make Chandigarh as its capital and also refused to make it autonomous. The outcome of the Punjabi Suba movement failed to meet demands of its leaders.<ref>{{cite book | author=[[Stanley Wolpert]] | title=India | publisher=[[University of California]] Press | year=2005 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HmkL1tp2Nl4C | page=216 | isbn=978-0-520-24696-6 | access-date=11 March 2023 | archive-date=30 March 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072125/https://books.google.com/books?id=HmkL1tp2Nl4C | url-status=live }}</ref>

====Anandpur Resolution====
{{see also|Anandpur Sahib Resolution}}
As Punjab and Haryana now shared the capital of Chandigarh, resentment was felt among Sikhs in Punjab.<ref name=":1" /> Adding further grievance, a canal system was put in place over the rivers of [[Ravi River|Ravi]], [[Beas River|Beas]], and [[Sutlej]], which flowed through Punjab, in order for water to also reach Haryana and [[Rajasthan]]. As result, Punjab would only receive 23% of the water while the rest would go to the two other states. The fact that the issue would not be revisited brought on additional turmoil to Sikh resentment against Congress.<ref name=":1" />

The Akali Dal was defeated in the [[1972 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1972 Punjab elections]].<ref name="Mitra_Puzzle">{{citation|last1=Mitra|first1=Subrata K.|title=The Puzzle of India's Governance: Culture, Context and Comparative Theory|date=2007|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GuILNHwcT4AC&pg=PA94|page=94|location=Advances in South Asian Studies|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-27493-2|access-date=6 March 2018|archive-date=30 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072125/https://books.google.com/books?id=GuILNHwcT4AC&pg=PA94|url-status=live}}</ref> To regain public appeal, the party put forward the [[Anandpur Sahib Resolution]] in 1973 to demand radical devolution of power and further autonomy to Punjab.<ref>{{citation|last=Singh|first=Khushwant|title=A History of the Sikhs: Volume 2: 1839–2004|year=2004|chapter=The Anandpur Sahib Resolution and Other Akali Demands|publisher=Oxford University Press|doi=10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195673098.001.0001|isbn=978-0-19-567309-8}}</ref> The resolution document included both religious and political issues, asking for the recognition of Sikhism as a religion separate from Hinduism, as well as the transfer of [[Chandigarh]] and certain other areas to Punjab. It also demanded that power be radically devolved from the central to state governments.<ref name="Jayanta484">{{citation|last1=Ray|first1=Jayanta Kumar|title=Aspects of India's International Relations, 1700 to 2000: South Asia and the World|date=2007|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nyk6oA2nOlgC&q=khalistan|page=484|publisher=Pearson Education India|isbn=978-81-317-0834-7|access-date=16 August 2019|archive-date=30 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072148/https://books.google.com/books?id=Nyk6oA2nOlgC&q=khalistan|url-status=live}}</ref>

The document was largely forgotten for some time after its adoption until gaining attention in the following decade. In 1982, the Akali Dal and [[Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale]] joined hands to launch the Dharam Yudh Morcha in order to implement the resolution. Thousands of people joined the movement, feeling that it represented a real solution to such demands as larger shares of water for irrigation and the return of Chandigarh to Punjab.<ref name="Akshay1991">{{cite book|author=Akshayakumar Ramanlal Desai|title=Expanding Governmental Lawlessness and Organized Struggles|year=1991|pages=64–66|publisher=Popular Prakashan|isbn=978-81-7154-529-2}}</ref>

===Emergence in the diaspora===
According to the 'events outside India' narrative, particularly after 1971, the notion of a sovereign and independent state of Khalistan began to get popularised among Sikhs in [[North America]] and [[Europe]]. One such account is provided by the Khalistan Council which had moorings in [[West London]], where the Khalistan movement is said to have been launched in 1970.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=134}}

Davinder Singh Parmar migrated to London in 1954. According to Parmar, his first pro-Khalistan meeting was attended by less than 20 people and he was labelled as a madman, receiving only one person's support. Parmar continued his efforts despite the lack of following, eventually raising the Khalistani flag in [[Birmingham]] in the 1970s.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=135}} In 1969, two years after losing the Punjab Assembly elections, Indian politician [[Jagjit Singh Chohan]] moved to the [[United Kingdom]] to start his campaign for the creation of Khalistan.<ref name="NYT_Chohan_Dies">{{cite news|last=Pandya|first=Haresh|date=11 April 2007|title=Jagjit Singh Chauhan, Sikh Militant Leader in India, Dies at 80|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/11/world/asia/11chauhan.html|access-date=17 February 2017|archive-date=20 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220150041/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/11/world/asia/11chauhan.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Chohan's proposal included Punjab, Himachal, Haryana, as well as some parts of [[Rajasthan]].<ref name=":2">{{harvp|Axel, The Nation's Tortured Body|2011|pp=101–}}</ref>

Parmar and Chohan met in 1970 and formally announced the Khalistan movement at a London press conference, though being largely dismissed by the community as fanatical fringe without any support.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=135}}

==== Chohan in Pakistan and US ====
[[File:Pakistan - Punjab - Nankana Sahib.svg|thumb|Location of [[Nankana Sahib]] in [[Punjab, Pakistan]], that was proposed as the capital of Khalistan by Z. A. Bhutto.]]
Following the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]], Chohan visited [[Pakistan]] as a guest of such leaders as [[Chaudhry Zahoor Elahi|Chaudhuri Zahoor Elahi]]. Visiting [[Nankana Sahib]] and several historical gurdwaras in Pakistan, Chohan utilised the opportunity to spread the notion of an independent Sikh state. Widely publicised by Pakistani press, the extensive coverage of his remarks introduced the international community, including those in India, to the demand of Khalistan for the first time. Though lacking public support, the term ''Khalistan'' became more and more recognisable.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=135}} According to Chohan, during a talk with Prime Minister [[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]] of Pakistan, Bhutto had proposed to make Nankana Sahib the capital of Khalistan.<ref name="ChohanIT">{{cite news|last1=Gupta|first1=Shekhar|last2=Subramanian|first2=Nirupaman|date=15 December 1993|title=You can't get Khalistan through military movement: Jagat Singh Chouhan|language=en|work=India Today|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/interview/story/19931215-you-cant-get-khalistan-through-military-movement-says-jagat-singh-chouhan-811922-1993-12-15|access-date=29 November 2019|archive-date=4 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204070745/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/interview/story/19931215-you-cant-get-khalistan-through-military-movement-says-jagat-singh-chouhan-811922-1993-12-15|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 13 October 1971, visiting the United States at the invitation of his supporters in the [[Sikh diaspora]], Chohan placed an advertisement in the ''[[New York Times]]'' proclaiming an independent Sikh state. Such promotion enabled him to collect millions of dollars from the diaspora,<ref name="NYT_Chohan_Dies" /> eventually leading to charges in India relating to [[sedition]] and other crimes in connection with his separatist activities.

==== Council of Khalistan ====
After returning to India in 1977, Chohan travelled to Britain in 1979. There, he would establish the [[Council of Khalistan]],<ref>{{cite news |first=Jo |last=Thomas |title=London Sikh Assumes Role of Exile Chief |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/06/14/world/london-sikh-assumes-role-of-exile-chief.html |work=The New York Times |date=14 June 1984 |language=en |access-date=24 October 2018 |archive-date=24 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181024074249/https://www.nytimes.com/1984/06/14/world/london-sikh-assumes-role-of-exile-chief.html |url-status=live }}</ref> declaring its formation at [[Anandpur Sahib]] on 12 April 1980. Chohan designated himself as President of the Council and Balbir Singh Sandhu as its Secretary General.

In May 1980, Chohan travelled to [[London]] to announce the formation of Khalistan. A similar announcement was made in [[Amritsar]] by Sandhu, who released stamps and currency of Khalistan. Operating from a building termed "Khalistan House", Chohan named a Cabinet and declared himself president of the "Republic of Khalistan," issuing symbolic Khalistan 'passports,' 'postage stamps,' and 'Khalistan dollars.' Moreover, embassies in Britain and other European countries were opened by Chohan.<ref name="NYT_Chohan_Dies" /> It is reported that, with the support of a wealthy Californian peach magnate, Chohan opened an Ecuadorian bank account to further support his operation.<ref name=":2" /> As well as maintaining contacts among various groups in Canada, the US, and Germany, Chohan kept in contact with the Sikh leader [[Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale]] who was campaigning for a [[Theocracy|theocratic]] Sikh homeland.<ref name="NYT_Chohan_Dies"/>

The globalised Sikh diaspora invested efforts and resources for Khalistan, but the Khalistan movement remained nearly invisible on the global political scene until the Operation Blue Star of June 1984.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=135}}

====Operation Blue Star and impact====
In later disclosures from former special secretary G.B.S. Sidhu of the [[Research and Analysis Wing]] (R&AW), the foreign-intelligence agency of India, R&AW itself helped "build the Khalistan legend," actively participating in the planning of [[Operation Blue Star]]. While posted in [[Ottawa]], Canada in 1976 to look into the "Khalistan problem" among the Sikh diaspora, Sidhu found "nothing amiss" during the three years he was there,<ref name=dulat>{{cite news |last1=Dulat |first1=A. S. |author-link=A. S. Dulat |title=Genesis of tumultuous period in Punjab |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/reviews/story/genesis-of-tumultuous-period-in-punjab-183639 |website=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]] |location=Chandigarh, India |access-date=13 June 2021 |date=13 December 2020 |quote=Bhindranwale never raised the demand for Khalistan or went beyond the Akali Anandpur Sahib Resolution, while he himself was prepared for negotiations to the very end. |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624195655/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/reviews/story/genesis-of-tumultuous-period-in-punjab-183639 |url-status=live }}</ref> stating that "Delhi was unnecessarily making a mountain of a molehill where none existed," that the agency created seven posts in West Europe and North America in 1981 to counter non-existent Khalistan activities, and that the deployed officers were "not always familiar with the Sikhs or the Punjab issue."<ref name=dulat/> He described the secessionist movement as a "chimera" until the army operation, after which the insurgency would start.<ref name=dulat/>

According to a ''New York Times'' article written just a few weeks after the operation, "Before the raid on the Golden Temple, neither the Government nor anyone else appeared to put much credence in the Khalistan movement. Mr. Bhindranwale himself said many times that he was not seeking an independent country for Sikhs, merely greater autonomy for Punjab within the Indian Union.... One possible explanation advanced for the Government's raising of the Khalistan question is that it needs to take every opportunity to justify the killing in Amritsar and the invasion of the Sikhs' holiest shrine."<ref name=stevens>{{cite news |last1=Stevens |first1=William K. |title=Punjab Raid: Unanswered Questions |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/06/19/world/punjab-raid-unanswered-questions.html |access-date=12 June 2021 |work=The New York Times |date=19 June 1984 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624205941/https://www.nytimes.com/1984/06/19/world/punjab-raid-unanswered-questions.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Khushwant Singh had written that "considerable Khalistan sentiment seems to have arisen since the raid on the temple, which many Sikhs, if not most, have taken as a deep offense to their religion and their sensibilities," referring to the drastic change in community sentiments after the army attack.<ref name=stevens/>

== Late 1970s to 1983 ==

{{main|Dharam Yudh Morcha}}

===Delhi Asian Games (1982)===

The Akali leaders, having planned to announce a victory for Dharam Yudh Morcha, were outraged by the changes to the agreed-upon settlement. In November 1982, Akali leader [[Harchand Singh Longowal]] announced that the party would disrupt the [[1982 Asian Games|9th annual Asian Games]] by sending groups of Akali workers to Delhi to intentionally get arrested. Following negotiations between the Akali Dal and the government failed at the last moment due to disagreements regarding the transfer of areas between Punjab and Haryana.<ref name="JSChima">{{citation|last1=Chima|first1=Jugdep S|title=The Sikh Separatist Insurgency in India: Political Leadership and Ethnonationalist Movements|date=2008|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qJaHAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA72|pages=71–75|place=India|publisher=Sage Publications|isbn=978-81-321-0538-1|access-date=5 October 2020|archive-date=30 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072133/https://books.google.com/books?id=qJaHAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA72|url-status=live}}</ref>

Knowing that the Games would receive extensive coverage, Akali leaders vowed to overwhelm Delhi with a flood of protestors, aiming to heighten the perception of Sikh "plight" among the international audience.<ref name="JSChima" /> A week before the Games, [[Bhajan Lal Bishnoi|Bhajan Lal]], Chief Minister of Haryana and member of the [[Indian National Congress|INC]] party, responded by sealing the Delhi-Punjab border,<ref name="JSChima" /> and ordering all Sikh visitors travelling from to Delhi from Punjab to be frisked.<ref>{{cite news|last=Sharma|first=Sanjay|date=5 June 2011|title=Bhajan Lal lived with 'anti-Sikh, anti-Punjab' image|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Bhajan-Lal-lived-with-anti-Sikh-anti-Punjab-image/articleshow/8731824.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110610094016/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-06-05/india/29622770_1_bhajan-lal-syl-punjab|url-status=live|work=[[The Times of India]]|archive-date=10 June 2011}}</ref> While such measures were seen as discriminatory and humiliating by Sikhs, they proved effective as Akali Dal could only organise small and scattered protests in Delhi. Consequently, many Sikhs who did not initially support Akalis and Bhindranwale began sympathising with the Akali Morcha.<ref name="JSChima" />

Following the conclusion of the Games, Longowal organised a convention of Sikh veterans at the [[Golden Temple|Darbar Sahib]]. It was attended by a large number of Sikh ex-servicemen, including {{Abbr|retd.|retired}} [[General (India)|Major General]] [[Shabeg Singh]] who subsequently became Bhindranwale's military advisor.<ref name="JSChima" />

== 1984 ==

===Increasing militant activity===
Widespread murders by followers of Bhindranwale occurred in 1980s' Punjab. Armed Khalistani militants of this period described themselves as ''[[kharku]].''<ref name="Kharku">{{citation|last1=Stepan|first1=Alfred|first2=Juan J.|last2=Linz|first3=Yogendra|last3=Yadav|title=Crafting State-Nations: India and Other Multinational Democracies|date=2011|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kGUuOdeCiXQC&q=Kharku&pg=PA97|page=97|edition=Illustrated|publisher=JHU Press|isbn=978-0-8018-9723-8|access-date=5 October 2020|archive-date=30 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072140/https://books.google.com/books?id=kGUuOdeCiXQC&q=Kharku&pg=PA97|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1984, there were 775 violent incidents, resulting in 298 people killed and 525 injured, during a six month period alone.<ref name="Ghosh">Ghosh, Srikanta. 1997. ''Indian Democracy Derailed – Politics and Politicians.'' APH Publishing. {{ISBN|978-81-7024-866-8}}. p. 95.</ref>

Though it was common knowledge that those responsible for such bombings and murders were taking shelter in [[gurdwara]]s, the [[Indian National Congress|INC]] [[Government of India]] declared that it could not enter these places of worship, for the fear of hurting Sikh sentiments.<ref name="Akshay1991" /> Even as detailed reports on the open shipping of arms-laden trucks were sent to [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Indira Gandhi]], the Government choose not to take action.<ref name="Akshay1991" /> Finally, following the murder of six Hindu bus passengers in October 1983, emergency rule was imposed in Punjab, which would continue for more than a decade.<ref name="GusMartin2011">Sisson, Mary. 2011. "Sikh Terrorism." pp. 544–545 in ''The Sage Encyclopedia of Terrorism'' (2nd ed.), edited by G. Martin. Thousand Oaks, CA: [[SAGE Publishing|Sage Publications]]. {{ISBN|978-1-4129-8016-6}}. {{doi|10.4135/9781412980173.n368}}.</ref>

=== Constitutional issues ===
The Akali Dal began more agitation in February 1984, protesting against Article 25, clause (2)(b), of the [[Constitution of India|Indian Constitution]], which ambiguously explains that "the reference to Hindus shall be construed as including a reference to persons professing the Sikh, [[Jainism|Jaina]], or [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] religion," while also implicitly recognising Sikhism as a separate religion: "the wearing and carrying of [[Kirpan|kripans]] [''[[sic]]''] shall be deemed to be included in the profession of the Sikh religion."<ref name=":3">Sharma, Mool Chand, and A.K. Sharma, eds. 2004. "[https://nhrc.nic.in/sites/default/files/discriminationsexcastereligion.pdf#page=122 Discrimination Based on Religion] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024145050/https://nhrc.nic.in/sites/default/files/discriminationsexcastereligion.pdf#page=122 |date=24 October 2020 }}." pp. 108–110 in ''Discrimination Based on Sex, Caste, Religion, and Disability''. New Delhi: [[National Council for Teacher Education]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20100602202700/http://nhrc.nic.in/Publications/documents/chapter5.htm Archived] from the original on 2 June 2010. Retrieved 17 May 2020.</ref>{{Rp|109}} Even today, this clause is deemed offensive by many religious minorities in India due to its failure to recognise such religions separately under the constitution.<ref name=":3" />

Members of the Akali Dal demanded that the removal of any ambiguity in the Constitution that refers to Sikhs as Hindu, as such prompts various concerns for the Sikh population, both in principle and in practice. For instance, a Sikh couple who would marry in accordance to the [[Anand Karaj|rites of their religion]] would have to register their union either under the ''[[Special Marriage Act, 1954]]'' or the ''[[The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955|Hindu Marriage Act, 1955]]''. The Akalis demanded replacement of such rules with laws specific to [[Sikhism]].

=== Operation Blue Star ===

[[Operation Blue Star]] was an Indian military operation ordered by [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Indira Gandhi]], between 1 and 8 June 1984, to remove militant religious leader [[Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale]] and his armed followers from the buildings of the [[Golden Temple|Harmandir Sahib]] complex (aka the Golden Temple) in [[Amritsar]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]{{snd}}the most sacred site in Sikhism.<ref name="TH_Mi6">{{cite news |title=RAW chief consulted MI6 in build-up to Operation Bluestar |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/raw-chief-consulted-mi6-in-buildup-to-operation-bluestar/article5579516.ece |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=16 January 2014 |location=Chennai, India |first=Praveen |last=Swami |access-date=9 August 2018 |archive-date=18 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140118044721/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/raw-chief-consulted-mi6-in-buildup-to-operation-bluestar/article5579516.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>

In July 1983, [[Shiromani Akali Dal|Akali Dal]] President [[Harchand Singh Longowal]] had invited Bhindranwale to take up residence at the sacred temple complex,<ref>Singh, Khushwant. 2004. ''A History of the Sikhs, Volume II: 1839–2004''. New Delhi: [[Oxford University Press]]. p. 337.</ref> which the government would allege that Bhindranwale would later make into an [[arsenal|armoury]] and headquarters for his armed uprising.<ref>{{Cite journal |last = Subramanian |first = L. N. |date = 12 October 2006 |title=Operation Bluestar, 05 June 1984 |journal = Bharat Rakshak Monitor |volume = 3 |issue = 2 |url = http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/ARMY/history/siachen/283-Operation-Bluestar.html |access-date = 17 May 2020 |archive-date = 30 June 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200630015541/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/ARMY/history/siachen/283-Operation-Bluestar.html |url-status = live}}</ref><ref name="LA_accord">{{cite news|date=21 August 1985|title=Sikh Leader in Punjab Accord Assassinated|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|agency=Times Wire Services|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1985-08-21-mn-1021-story.html|access-date=9 August 2018|archive-date=29 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129025949/http://articles.latimes.com/1985-08-21/news/mn-1021_1_sikh-militants|url-status=live}}</ref>

Since the inception of the Dharam Yudh Morcha to the violent events leading up to Operation Blue Star, Khalistani militants had directly killed 165 [[Hindus]] and [[Nirankari]]s, as well as 39 Sikhs opposed to Bhindranwale, while a total of 410 were killed and 1,180 injured as a result of Khalistani violence and riots.<ref name="ms_casualty_terror">{{Cite book |last1 = Tully |first1 = Mark |author-link1 = Mark Tully |last2 = Jacob |first2 = Satish |date = 1985 |title = Amritsar: Mrs Gandhi's Last Battle |publisher = J. Cape |edition = 5 |page = 147 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=bxhuAAAAMAAJ&q=editions:drN_lbMXXJMC|language=en|access-date=14 January 2023|archive-date=30 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072209/https://books.google.com/books?id=bxhuAAAAMAAJ&q=editions:drN_lbMXXJMC|url-status=live |isbn = 978-0-22-402328-3}}</ref>

As negotiations held with Bhindranwale and his supporters proved unsuccessful, Indira Gandhi ordered the [[Indian Army]] to launch Operation Blue Star.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia
|title =India
|encyclopedia = Encyclopædia Britannica
|editor-last = Wolpert
|editor-first = Stanley A.
|year = 2009 }}
</ref> Along with the Army, the operation would involve [[Central Reserve Police Force]], [[Border Security Force]], and [[Punjab Police (India)|Punjab Police]]. Army units led by [[Lieutenant general|Lt. Gen.]] [[Kuldip Singh Brar]] (a Sikh), surrounded the temple complex on 3 June 1984. Just before the commencement of the operation, Lt. Gen. Brar addressed the soldiers:<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last1 = Gates |first1 = Scott |author-link = Scott Gates (academic) |last2 = Roy |first2 = Kaushik |date = 4 February 2014 |title = Unconventional Warfare in South Asia: Shadow Warriors and Counterinsurgency |chapter = Insurgency and Counter-Insurgency in Punjab |publisher = [[Ashgate Publishing]] |page = 167 |chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=VWN6BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA163 |access-date = 14 January 2023 |archive-date = 30 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072138/https://books.google.com/books?id=VWN6BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA163|url-status=live |isbn = 978-1-40-943706-2}}</ref>

{{Blockquote|text=The action is not against the Sikhs or the Sikh religion; it is against terrorism. If there is anyone amongst them, who have strong religious sentiments or other reservations, and do not wish to take part in the operation he can opt out, and it will not be held against him.|sign=Lieutenant General [[Kuldip Singh Brar]]|source=|title=}}

However, none of the soldiers opted out, including many "Sikh officers, junior commissioned officers and other ranks."<ref name=":4" /> Using a [[public address system]], the Army repeatedly demanded the militants to surrender, asking them to at least allow pilgrims to leave the temple premises before commencing battle.

Nothing happened until 7:00 pm ([[Indian Standard Time|IST]]).<ref name="rediff_interview_limit">{{cite web|title=There is a limit to how much a country can take|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2004/jun/04inter1.htm|last=Diwanji|first=Amberish K.|date=4 June 2004|work=The Rediff Interview/Lieutenant General Kuldip Singh Brar (retired)|publisher=[[Rediff.com]]|access-date=26 December 2011|archive-date=3 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203125051/https://www.rediff.com/news/2004/jun/04inter1.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The Army, equipped with [[tank]]s and heavy [[artillery]], had grossly underestimated the firepower possessed by the militants, who attacked with [[Anti-tank warfare|anti-tank]] and [[Machine gun|machine-gun]] fire from the heavily fortified [[Akal Takht]], and who possessed Chinese-made, [[Rocket-propelled grenade|rocket-propelled grenade launchers]] with [[Armor-piercing shell|armour-piercing]] capabilities. After a 24-hour [[shootout]], the army finally wrested control of the temple complex.

Bhindranwale was killed in the operation, while many of his followers managed to escape. Army casualty figures counted 83 dead and 249 injured,<ref>{{Cite news |last = Walia |first = Varinder |date = 20 March 2007 |title = Army reveals startling facts on Bluestar, says Longowal surrendered |work = [[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]] |publication-place = Amristar |url = https://www.tribuneindia.com/2007/20070320/punjab1.htm |access-date=14 January 2023 |archive-date = 4 August 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200804165011/https://www.tribuneindia.com/2007/20070320/punjab1.htm |url-status = live}}</ref> although Rajiv Gandhi would later admit that over 700 Indian soldiers died.<ref name="Chima2008">{{cite book|author=Jugdep S Chima|title=The Sikh Separatist Insurgency in India: Political Leadership and Ethnonationalist Movements|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sxpBDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT114|date=2008|publisher=Sage Publishing India|isbn=978-93-5150-953-0|pages=114–|access-date=13 March 2023|archive-date=30 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072225/https://books.google.com/books?id=sxpBDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT114|url-status=live}}</ref> According to the official estimate presented by the Indian Government, the event resulted in a combined total of 493 militant and civilian casualties, as well as the apprehension of 1592 individuals.<ref name="WhitePaper1984">{{Cite book |date = 1984 |title = White Paper on the Punjab Agitation |publisher = Government of India Press |publication-place = New Delhi |page = 40 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=wqSAngEACAAJ&q=493 |access-date = 14 January 2023 |archive-date = 30 March 2023 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072248/https://books.google.com/books?id=wqSAngEACAAJ&q=493 |url-status = live |ol = 1839009M}}</ref> Independent estimates say over 5,000 civilians and only 200 militants were killed.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Karim |first1=Afsir |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QoqwQb38SQEC |title=Counter Terrorism, the Pakistan Factor |date=1991 |publisher=Lancer Publishers |isbn=978-81-7062-127-0 |pages=33–36 |access-date=13 March 2023 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072148/https://books.google.com/books?id=QoqwQb38SQEC |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs|UK Foreign Secretary]] [[William Hague]] attributed high civilian casualties to the Indian Government's attempt at a full frontal assault on the militants, diverging from the recommendations provided by the [[British Army|UK Military]].<ref>Hague, William. 2014. "[https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/alleged-uk-link-to-operation-at-sri-harmandir-sahib-amritsar-1984 Allegations of UK Involvement in the Indian Operation at Sri Harmandir Sahib, Amritsar 1984] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200116061623/https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/alleged-uk-link-to-operation-at-sri-harmandir-sahib-amritsar-1984 |date=16 January 2020 }}." ([[White paper|Policy paper]]). Available as a [https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/277292/Cabinet_Secretary_report_to_PM_on_allegations_of_UK_involveme....pdf PDF] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304094158/https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/277292/Cabinet_Secretary_report_to_PM_on_allegations_of_UK_involveme....pdf |date=4 March 2016 }}. Retrieved 17 May 2020.

"The FCO files (Annex E) record the Indian Intelligence Co-ordinator telling a UK interlocutor, in the same time-frame as this public Indian report, that some time after the UK military adviser's visit the Indian Army took over lead responsibility for the operation, the main concept behind the operation changed, and a frontal assault was attempted, which contributed to the large number of casualties on both sides."</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-26027631 |title=Golden Temple attack: UK advised India but impact 'limited' |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303173430/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-26027631 |archive-date=3 March 2020 |publisher=[[BBC News]] |date=7 June 2014 |access-date=17 May 2020 |quote=The adviser suggested using an element of surprise, as well as helicopters, to try to keep casualty numbers low – features which were not part of the final operation, Mr Hague said.}}</ref> Opponents of Gandhi also criticised the operation for its excessive use of force. Lieutenant General Brar later stated that the Government had "no other recourse" due to a "complete breakdown" of the situation: state machinery was under the militants' control, declaration of Khalistan was imminent, and [[Pakistan]] would have come into the picture declaring its support for Khalistan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2004/jun/03inter.htm |title=Pakistan would have recognised Khalistan |work=Rediff.com |date=3 June 2004 |access-date=20 June 2006 |archive-date=29 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090129052453/http://www.rediff.com/news/2004/jun/03inter.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

Nonetheless, the operation did not crush Khalistani militancy, as it continued.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=128}}

According to the [[Mitrokhin Archive]], in 1982 the Soviets used a recruit in the New Delhi residency named "Agent S" who was close to Indira Gandhi as a major channel for providing her disinformation regarding Khalistan. Agent S provided Indira Gandhi with false documents purporting to show Pakistani involvement to create religious disturbances and allegedly initiate a Khalistan conspiracy. After [[Rajiv Gandhi]]'s visit to Moscow in 1983, the Soviets persuaded him that the US was engaged in secret support for the Sikhs. By 1984, according to Mitrokhin, the disinformation the Soviets provided had influenced Indira Gandhi to pursue Operation Blue Star.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Andrew |first1=Christopher M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QoclAQAAMAAJ |title=The Mitrokhin Archive II: The KGB and the World |last2=Mitrokhin |first2=Vasili |date=2005 |publisher=Allen Lane |isbn=978-0-7139-9359-2 |pages=336 |language=en |access-date=30 September 2022 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072147/https://books.google.com/books?id=QoclAQAAMAAJ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Andrew |first=Christopher |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nn2oJQAACAAJ |title=The World Was Going Our Way: The KGB and the Battle for the Third World |date=2008 |publisher=DIANE Publishing Company |isbn=978-1-4223-9312-3 |language=en |access-date=30 September 2022 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072134/https://books.google.com/books?id=nn2oJQAACAAJ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Swamy19922">{{cite book |author=Subramanian Swamy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wQBIAAAAMAAJ |title=Building a New India: An Agenda for National Renaissance |publisher=UBS Publishers' Distributors |year=1992 |isbn=978-81-85674-21-6 |page=18 |quote=The 1984 Operation Bluestar became necessary because of the vast disinformation against Sant Bhindranwale by the KGB, and repeated inside Parliament by the Congress Party of India. |access-date=6 September 2022 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072222/https://books.google.com/books?id=wQBIAAAAMAAJ |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Assassination of Indira Gandhi and anti-Sikh riots ===
{{Main|Indira Gandhi assassination}}
[[File:Indira Gandhi 1977.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Indira Gandhi]]]]

On the morning of 31 October 1984, [[Indira Gandhi]] was assassinated in [[New Delhi]] by her two personal security guards [[Satwant Singh]] and [[Beant Singh (assassin)|Beant Singh]], both Sikhs, in retaliation for [[Operation Blue Star]].{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=128}} The assassination triggered the [[1984 anti-Sikh riots]] across [[North India]]. While the ruling party, [[Indian National Congress]] (INC), maintained that the violence was due to spontaneous riots, its critics have alleged that INC members themselves had planned a [[pogrom]] against the Sikhs.<ref name="JohnMichael2000">Guidry, John A., Michael D. Kennedy, and Mayer N. Zald, eds. 2000. Globalizations and Social Movements: Culture, Power, and the Transnational Public Sphere. Ann Arbor: [[University of Michigan Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-472-06721-3}}. p. 319.</ref>

The [[Nanavati Commission]], a special commission created to investigate the riots, concluded that INC leaders (including [[Jagdish Tytler]], [[H. K. L. Bhagat]], and [[Sajjan Kumar]]) had directly or indirectly taken a role in the rioting incidents.<ref>[[G. T. Nanavati|Nanavati, G. T.]] 9 February 2005. "[https://www.mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/Nanavati-I_eng_3.pdf Report of the Justice Nanavati Commission of Inquiry (1984 Anti-Sikh Riots)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203231408/https://www.mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/Nanavati-I_eng_3.pdf |date=3 February 2021 }}" 1. New Delhi: [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20141127130507/http://www.mha.nic.in/hindi/sites/upload_files/mhahindi/files/pdf/Nanavati-I_eng.pdf Archived] from the original 27 November 2014. Retrieved 18 May 2020.

Also available via [https://ruralindiaonline.org/library/resource/report-of-the-justice-nanavati-commission-of-inquiry-1984-anti-sikh-riots-volumes-i-and-ii/ People's Archive of Rural India] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200507133202/https://ruralindiaonline.org/library/resource/report-of-the-justice-nanavati-commission-of-inquiry-1984-anti-sikh-riots-volumes-i-and-ii/ |date=7 May 2020 }}.</ref><ref name="tehelka_fish">{{cite news|date=25 August 2005|title=What about the big fish?|work=Tehelka|publisher=Anant Media|url=http://www.tehelka.com/story_main13.asp?filename=Ne082005_What_about.asp|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120913061657/http://www.tehelka.com/story_main13.asp?filename=Ne082005_What_about.asp|archive-date=13 September 2012}}</ref> [[Union Council of Ministers|Union Minister]] [[Kamal Nath]] was accused of leading riots near [[Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib|Rakab Ganj]], but was cleared due to lack of evidence.<ref name="tehelka_fish" /> Other political parties strongly condemned the riots.<ref>Singh, Swadesh Bahadur. 31 May 1996. "Cabinet berth for a Sikh." ''[[The Indian Express|Indian Express]].''</ref> Two major civil-liberties organisations issued a joint report on the anti-Sikh riots, naming 16 significant politicians, 13 police officers, and 198 others, accused by survivors and eyewitnesses.<ref>Kumar, Ram Narayan, et al. 2003. ''[[Reduced to Ashes (book)|Reduced to Ashes: The Insurgency and Human Rights in Punjab]]''. [[South Asia Forum for Human Rights]]. p. 43.

[https://web.archive.org/web/20060705030307/http://www.punjabjustice.org/report/report.htm Available] via Committee for Information and Initiative on Punjab.</ref>

== 1985 to present day ==

=== 1985 ===

====Rajiv-Longowal Accord====
{{main|Punjab accord}}
{{More citations needed section|talk=Rajiv-Longowal_Accord_missing_citations|date=September 2019}}

Many Sikh and Hindu groups, as well as organisations not affiliated to any religion, have attempted to establish peace between the Khalistan proponents and the Government of India.{{Citation needed|date=September 2019}} Akalis continued to witness radicalisation of Sikh politics, fearing disastrous consequences.<ref name=":1" /> In response, President [[Harchand Singh Longowal]] reinstated the head of the Akali Dal and pushed for a peace initiative that reiterated the importance of Hindu-Sikh amity, condemning Sikh extremist violence, and therefore declaring that the Akali Dal was not in favour of Khalistan.

In 1985, the Government of India sought a political solution to Sikh grievances through the [[Rajiv-Longowal Accord]], which was concluded between Longowal and Prime Minister [[Rajiv Gandhi]]. The Accord—recognising the religious, territorial, and economic demands of the Sikhs that were thought to be non-negotiable under Indira Gandhi's tenure—agreed to establish commissions and independent tribunals in order to resolve the Chandigarh issue and the river dispute, laying the basis for Akali Dal's victory in the coming elections.<ref name=":1" />

Though providing a basis for a return to normality, Chandigarh evidently remained an issue, and the agreement was denounced by Sikh militants who refused to give up the demand for an independent Khalistan. Extremists, who were left unappeased, reacted by assassinating Longowal.<ref name="LA_accord" /> Such behaviour led to the dismissal of negotiations, whereby both Congress and the Akali parties accused each other of aiding terrorism.<ref name=":1" />

The Indian government pointed to the involvement of a "foreign hand," referring to Pakistan's abetting of the movement. Punjab noted to the Indian government that militants were able to obtain sophisticated arms through sources outside the country and by developing links with sources within the country.<ref name=":1" /> As such, the government believed that large illegal flows of arms were flowing through the borders of India, with Pakistan being responsible for trafficking arms. India claimed that Pakistan provided sanctuary, arms, money, and moral support to the militants, though most of the accusations were based on circumstantial evidence.<ref name=":1" />

====Air India Flight 182====
[[File:Irish Naval Service recovering bodies from the Air India Flight 182 disaster.jpg|thumb|Irish Naval Service recovering bodies from the Air India Flight 182 bombing]]
[[File:1985-06-10 VT-EFO Air India EGLL.jpg|thumb|The aircraft involved, VT-EFO, seen on 10 June 1985, less than two weeks before the bombing of [[Air India Flight 182]]]]
[[Air India Flight 182]] was an [[Air India]] flight operating on the [[Montreal]]-[[London]]-[[Delhi]]-[[Bombay]] route. On 23 June 1985, a [[Boeing 747]] operating on the route was blown up by a bomb mid-air off the coast of [[Ireland]]. A total of 329 people aboard were killed,<ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/airindia/victims.html In Depth: Air India] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050318220743/http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/airindia/victims.html |date=18 March 2005 }} – The Victims, CBC News Online, 16 March 2005</ref> including 268 Canadian citizens, 27 British citizens, and 24 Indian citizens, including the flight crew. On the same day, an explosion arising from a luggage bomb linked to the terrorist operation occurred at the [[Narita International Airport]] in [[Tokyo, Japan]], intended for Air India Flight 301, killing two baggage handlers. The entire event was intercontinental in scope, killing 331 people in total and affecting five countries on different continents: [[Canada]], the [[United Kingdom]], [[India]], [[Japan]], and [[Ireland]].

The main suspects in the bombing were members of a Sikh separatist group called the [[Babbar Khalsa]], and other related groups who were at the time agitating for a separate Sikh state of Khalistan in [[Punjab, India]]. In September 2007, the Canadian Commission of Inquiry investigated reports, initially disclosed in the Indian investigative news magazine ''[[Tehelka]]'',<ref>{{cite web|title=Free. Fair. Fearless|url=http://www.tehelka.com/story_main33.asp?filename=Ne040807operation_silence.asp|publisher=Tehelka|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120912212106/http://www.tehelka.com/story_main33.asp?filename=Ne040807operation_silence.asp|archive-date=12 September 2012}}</ref> that a hitherto unnamed person, [[Lakhbir Singh Rode]], had masterminded the explosions. However, in conclusion, two separate Canadian inquiries officially determined that the mastermind behind the terrorist operation was in fact a Canadian named [[Talwinder Singh Parmar]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=15 March 2018|title=Jagmeet Singh now rejects glorification of Air India bombing mastermind|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/jagmeet-singh-air-india-bombing-accepts-1.4578030|website=CBC News|access-date=4 August 2020|archive-date=2 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201002032159/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/jagmeet-singh-air-india-bombing-accepts-1.4578030|url-status=live}}</ref>

Several men were arrested and tried for the Air India bombing. Inderjit Singh Reyat, a [[Canadians|Canadian]] national and member of the [[International Sikh Youth Federation]], who pleaded guilty in 2003 to [[manslaughter]], was the only person convicted in the case.<ref name="ISYFlink" /><ref>{{cite news|last=Bolan|first=Kim|date=9 February 2008|title=Air India bombmaker sent to holding centre|newspaper=Ottawa Citizen|url=http://www.canada.com/ottawacitizen/news/story.html?id=9bfcf081-3b29-45ea-8bb3-ad82c051bcbb|url-status=live|access-date=31 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121109171020/http://www.canada.com/ottawacitizen/news/story.html?id=9bfcf081-3b29-45ea-8bb3-ad82c051bcbb|archive-date=9 November 2012}}</ref> He was sentenced to fifteen years in prison for assembling the bombs that exploded on board Air India Flight 182 and at Narita International Airport.<ref>{{cite news|date=9 July 2008|title=Convicted Air India bomb-builder Inderjit Singh Reyat gets bail|publisher=CBC News|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/convicted-air-india-bomb-builder-inderjit-singh-reyat-gets-bail-1.732447|url-status=live|access-date=10 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080710234916/http://www.cbc.ca/canada/british-columbia/story/2008/07/09/bc-air-india-reyat-bail.html|archive-date=10 July 2008}}</ref>

=== Late 1980s ===
{{Main|Punjab insurgency}}
In 1986, when the insurgency was at its peak, the [[Golden Temple]] was again occupied by militants belonging to the [[All India Sikh Students Federation]] and [[Damdami Taksal]]. The militants called an assembly ([[Sarbat Khalsa]]) and, on 26 January, they passed a resolution (''gurmattā'') in favour of the creation of Khalistan.<ref>"Sikh Temple Sit-In Is a Challenge for Punjab." ''The New York Times.'' 2 February 1986.</ref> However, only the [[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee]] (SGPC) had the authority to appoint the ''[[jathedar]]''—the supreme religio-temporal seat of the Sikhs. The militants thus dissolved the SGPC and appointed their own ''jathedar'', who also refused their bidding. Militant leader [[Gurbachan Singh Manochahal]] thereby appointed himself by force.{{sfnp|Van Dyke, The Khalistan Movement|2009|p=990}}

On 29 April 1986, an assembly of separatist Sikhs at the [[Akal Takht]] made a declaration of an independent state of Khalistan,<ref>{{cite web|title=Sarbat Khalsa and Gurmata|url=http://www.sikhnet.com/news/sarbat-khalsa-and-gurmata|last=Singh|first=I.|website=SikhNet|date=10 July 2012|access-date=15 March 2013|archive-date=12 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130612091254/http://www.sikhnet.com/news/sarbat-khalsa-and-gurmata|url-status=live}}</ref> and a number of rebel militant groups in favour of Khalistan subsequently [[Insurgency in Punjab|waged a major insurgency]] against the Government of India. A decade of violence and conflict in Punjab would follow before a return to normality in the region. This period of insurgency saw clashes of Sikh militants with the police, as well as with the [[Nirankari]]s, a mystical Sikh sect less conservative in its aims to reform Sikhism.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nirankari.org/|title=Sant Nirankari Mission|website=nirankari.org|access-date=13 January 2023|archive-date=13 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113222644/https://www.nirankari.org/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The Khalistani militant activities manifested in the form of [[List of terrorist incidents in Punjab (India)|several attacks]], such as the [[1987 Lalru bus massacre]] near [[Lalru]] and the [[1991 Punjab killings]] in [[Ludhiana]].<ref>"Gunmen Slaughter 32 on Bus in India in Bloodiest Attack of Sikh Campaign". [[The Philadelphia Inquirer]], 7 July 1987. Page A03.</ref> Such activities continued into the 1990s as the perpetrators of the 1984 riots remained uncaught; many Sikhs also felt that they were being discriminated against and that their religious rights were being suppressed.<ref name="nytenvoy">{{cite news|last=Gargan|first=Edward|date=10 October 1991|title=Envoy of Romania Abducted in India|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/10/10/world/envoy-of-romania-abducted-in-india.html|access-date=17 February 2017|archive-date=23 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181023034904/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/10/10/world/envoy-of-romania-abducted-in-india.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the 1989 parliamentary elections, Sikh separatist representatives won 10 of Punjab's 13 national seats and had the most popular support.{{sfnp|Gurharpal Singh, Ethnic Conflict in India|2000|loc=Chapters 8 & 9}}{{request quotation|date=December 2018}} The [[Indian National Congress]] cancelled those elections and instead hosted a [[Khaki election]]. The separatists boycotted the poll. The voter turnout was 24%. The Congress won this election and used it to further its anti-separatist campaign. Most of the separatist leadership was wiped out, and the moderates were suppressed by the end of 1993.{{sfnp|Gurharpal Singh, Ethnic Conflict in India|2000|loc=Chapter 10}}{{request quotation|date=December 2018}}

=== 1990s ===
Indian security forces suppressed the insurgency in the early 1990s, while Sikh political groups such as the [[Khalsa Raj Party]] and [[Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar)|SAD (A)]] continued to pursue an independent Khalistan through non-violent means.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGASA200022003?open&of=ENG-IND |title=Amnesty International report on Punjab |publisher=Amnesty International |date=20 January 2003 |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20061203184445/http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGASA200022003?open&of=ENG-IND |archive-date = 3 December 2006}}</ref><ref name="tribuneindia2006">{{cite web |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060310/punjab1.htm#2 |title=The Tribune, Chandigarh, India – Punjab |publisher=Tribuneindia.com |access-date=27 September 2015 |archive-date=5 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605221542/http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060310/punjab1.htm#2 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.punjabnewsline.com/content/view/22588/38/ |title=SAD (A) to contest the coming SGPC elections on Khalistan issue: Mann |publisher=PunjabNewsline.com |date=14 January 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715132020/http://www.punjabnewsline.com/content/view/22588/38/ |archive-date=15 July 2011 }}</ref> The Sandhu family in [[Bhikhiwind]], Tarn Taran, fought terrorists daily, defeating them multiple times. On September 30, 1990, about 200 terrorists attacked Balwinder Singh's house. In response, the family, with police weapons, killed several terrorists, forcing the rest to flee. They were awarded the [[Shaurya Chakra]] for their bravery.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Balwinder Singh Sandu|url=https://www.gallantryawards.gov.in/Awardee/balwinder-singh-sandhu|access-date=29 October 2020|website=Gallantry Awards|archive-date=31 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031093504/https://www.gallantryawards.gov.in/Awardee/balwinder-singh-sandhu|url-status=live}}</ref>

In August 1991, [[Julio Ribeiro (Indian police officer)|Julio Ribeiro]], then the Indian ambassador to [[Romania]], was attacked and wounded at [[Bucharest]] in an assassination attempt by gunmen identified as [[Punjab (India)|Punjabi]] Sikhs.<ref name="Latshot">{{cite news|date=21 August 1991|title=Gunmen Wound India Ambassador|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|url=http://articles.latimes.com/keyword/india-foreign-relations-romania|access-date=26 December 2011|archive-date=10 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010195745/http://articles.latimes.com/keyword/india-foreign-relations-romania|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="nytenvoy" /> Sikh groups also claimed responsibility for the 1991 kidnapping of [[Liviu Radu]], the Romanian [[chargé d'affaires]] in New Delhi. This appeared to be in retaliation for Romanian arrests of [[Khalistan Liberation Force]] members suspected of the attempted assassination of Ribeiro.<ref name="nytenvoy" /><ref name="TIME">{{Cite magazine |date = 21 October 1991 |title = World Notes India |magazine = [[Time (magazine)|Time]] |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,974111,00.html|access-date=14 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930063744/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,974111,00.html |archive-date=30 September 2007 }}</ref> Radu was released unharmed after Sikh politicians criticised the action.<ref>{{cite news |date = 17 September 2003 |title = Secret Injustice: The Harpal Singh Case {{!}} Part 1: Flashback |work = The Sikh Sentinel |url = http://www.sikhsentinel.com/sikhsentinel0309/harpalsingh1.htm |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120308211709/http://www.sikhsentinel.com/sikhsentinel0309/harpalsingh1.htm |archive-date = 8 March 2012}}</ref>

In October 1991, ''[[The New York Times]]'' reported that violence had increased sharply in the months leading up to the kidnapping, with Indian security forces or Sikh militants killing 20 or more people per day, and that the militants had been "gunning down" family members of police officers.<ref name="nytenvoy" /> Scholar Ian Talbot stated that all sides, including the Indian Army, police, and the militants, committed crimes like murder, rape, and torture.{{sfnp|Talbot, India and Pakistan|2000|p=272}}

From 24 January 1993 to 4 August 1993, Khalistan was a member of the [[NGO]] [[Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization]]. The membership was permanently suspended on 22 January 1995.<ref name="UNPO_yearbook_Khalistan">{{cite book|last1=Simmons|first1=Mary Kate|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rWB3Bv3vuyMC&q=Khalistan%20Unrepresented%20Nations%20and%20Peoples%20Organisation&pg=PA187|title=Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization: yearbook|publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishers|year=1998|isbn=978-90-411-0223-2|page=187|access-date=3 August 2018|archive-date=30 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072134/https://books.google.com/books?id=rWB3Bv3vuyMC&q=Khalistan%20Unrepresented%20Nations%20and%20Peoples%20Organisation&pg=PA187|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 31 August 1995, Chief Minister [[Beant Singh (chief minister)|Beant Singh]] was killed in a [[suicide bombing]], for which the pro-Khalistan group [[Babbar Khalsa]] claimed responsibility. Security authorities, however, reported that the group's involvement was doubtful.<ref name="babarkilledsingh">{{cite web |url=http://www2.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/research/ndp/ref/index_e.htm?docid=173&cid=0&sec=CH03 |title=Issue Paper INDIA: Sikhs in Punjab 1994–95 |date=February 1996 |publisher=Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada |access-date=31 May 2009 |archive-date=1 January 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130101025437/http://www2.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/research/ndp/ref/index_e.htm?docid=173&cid=0&sec=CH03 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A 2006 press release by the [[Embassy of the United States, New Delhi]] indicated that the responsible organisation was the [[Khalistan Commando Force]].<ref name="KCFconvict" />

While the militants enjoyed some support among Sikh separatists in the earlier period, this support gradually disappeared.<ref>Mahmood, Cynthia. 5 May 1997. "Fax to Ted Albers." Orono, Maine: Resource Information Center.</ref> The insurgency weakened the Punjab economy and led to an increase in violence in the state. With dwindling support and increasingly-effective Indian security troops eliminating anti-state combatants, Sikh militancy effectively ended by the early 1990s.<ref>Documentation, Information and Research Branch. 17 February 1997. "India: Information from four specialists on the Punjab, Response to Information Request #IND26376.EX." Ottawa: [[Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada]].</ref>

=== 2000s ===

==== Retribution ====
Human rights activists have leveled serious charges against Indian Security forces (headed by Sikh police officer [[Kanwar Pal Singh Gill]]){{when|date=January 2026}}, claiming that thousands of suspects were killed in staged shootouts and thousands of bodies were cremated/disposed of without proper identification or post-mortems.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://hrw.org/reports/2007/india1007/1.htm |title=Protecting the Killers: A Policy of Impunity in Punjab, India: I. Summary |publisher=Human Rights Watch |date=9 October 2006 |access-date=11 January 2010 |archive-date=12 October 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012184325/http://hrw.org/reports/2007/india1007/1.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>[http://news.sbs.com.au/dateline/india__who_killed_the_sikhs_130052 Special Broadcasting Service:: Dateline – presented by George Negus] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828164401/http://news.sbs.com.au/dateline/india__who_killed_the_sikhs_130052 |date=28 August 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/2005/09/09/stories/2005090903181100.htm |title=The Hindu: Opinion / News Analysis: Is justice possible without looking for the truth? |work=The Hindu |date=9 September 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080522062426/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2005/09/09/stories/2005090903181100.htm |archive-date=22 May 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amnestyusa.org/document.php?lang=e&id=F072BE8A8A0506C08025690000692C86 |title=India: A vital opportunity to end impunity in Punjab |publisher=Amnesty International USA |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090625031306/http://www.amnestyusa.org/document.php?id=F072BE8A8A0506C08025690000692C86&lang=e |archive-date=25 June 2009 }}</ref> [[Human Rights Watch]] reported that, since 1984, government forces had resorted to widespread human rights violations to fight the militants, including: [[Arbitrary arrest and detention]], [[indefinite detention]] without trial, [[torture]], and [[summary execution]]s of civilians and suspected militants. Family members were frequently detained and tortured to reveal the whereabouts of relatives sought by the police.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/1992/WR92/ASW-07.htm |title=ASW |publisher=Human Rights Watch |year=1992 |access-date=11 January 2010 |archive-date=12 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121012082133/http://www.hrw.org/reports/1992/WR92/ASW-07.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=18 October 2007|title=India: Time to Deliver Justice for Atrocities in Punjab|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2007/10/18/india-time-deliver-justice-atrocities-punjab|access-date=14 January 2023|publisher=Human Rights Watch|language=en|archive-date=13 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113222558/https://www.hrw.org/news/2007/10/18/india-time-deliver-justice-atrocities-punjab|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Amnesty International]] has alleged several cases of disappearances, torture, rape, and unlawful detentions by the police during the [[Punjab insurgency]], for which 75–100 police officers had been convicted by December 2002.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/ASA20/002/2003/en/uvSEW2lMY-gJ |title=Document – India: Break the cycle of impunity and torture in Punjab | Amnesty International |publisher=Amnesty International |year=2003 |access-date=11 January 2010 |archive-date=12 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612055224/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/ASA20/002/2003/en/uvSEW2lMY-gJ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==== 2010s ====
Activities in the 2010s by Khalistani militants include the [[Tarn Taran Sahib]] blast, in which a police crackdown arrested 4 terrorists, one of whom revealed they were ordered by [[Sikhs for Justice]] to kill multiple Dera leaders in India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/punjab-four-khalistan-zindabad-force-terrorists-arrested-in-taran-taran-1602155-2019-09-23|title=Punjab: Four Khalistan Zindabad Force terrorists arrested in Taran Taran|first=Manjeet|last=Sehgal|date=23 September 2019|website=India Today|language=en|access-date=27 December 2019|archive-date=15 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215193336/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/punjab-four-khalistan-zindabad-force-terrorists-arrested-in-taran-taran-1602155-2019-09-23|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/nia-demands-custody-of-4-in-tarn-taran-blast-case-872611|title=NIA demands custody of 4 in Tarn Taran blast case|website=Tribuneindia News Service|language=en|access-date=27 December 2019|archive-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227101954/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/nia-demands-custody-of-4-in-tarn-taran-blast-case-872611|url-status=live}}</ref> Pro-Khalistan organisations such as [[Dal Khalsa (International)|Dal Khalsa]] are also active outside India, supported by a section of the [[Sikh diaspora]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Punj|first=Balbair|date=16 June 2005|title=The Ghost of Khalistan|newspaper=The Sikh Times|url=http://www.sikhtimes.com/news_061605a.html|access-date=23 January 2007|archive-date=4 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204053015/http://www.sikhtimes.com/news_061605a.html|url-status=live}}</ref> As of 25 December,{{when|date=January 2026}} there have been reports from multiple agencies about a potential attack in Punjab by [[Babbar Khalsa]] and [[Khalistan Zindabad Force]]. According to Indian media sources, these groups are allegedly in contact with their Pakistani handlers and are attempting to smuggle arms across the border.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-terror-attacks-in-punjab-being-planned-by-pro-khalistan-outfits-with-pak-s-support-intelligence-sources-2806891|title=Terror attacks in Punjab being planned by pro-Khalistan outfits with Pak's support: Intelligence sources|date=26 December 2019|website=DNA India|language=en|access-date=27 December 2019|archive-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227101955/https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-terror-attacks-in-punjab-being-planned-by-pro-khalistan-outfits-with-pak-s-support-intelligence-sources-2806891|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oneindia.com/india/high-alert-declared-after-ib-picks-up-intercepts-on-possible-terror-attack-in-punjab-3003706.html|title=High alert declared after IB picks up intercepts on possible terror attack in Punjab|last=Nanjappa|first=Vicky|date=26 December 2019|website=Oneindia|language=en|access-date=27 December 2019|archive-date=27 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227101956/https://www.oneindia.com/india/high-alert-declared-after-ib-picks-up-intercepts-on-possible-terror-attack-in-punjab-3003706.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In November 2015, a congregation of the Sikh community (i.e., a [[Sarbat Khalsa]]) was called in response to recent unrest in the Punjab region. The Sarbat Khalsa adopted 13 resolutions to strengthen Sikh institutions and traditions. The 12th resolution reaffirmed the resolutions adopted by the Sarbat Khalsa in 1986, including the declaration of the sovereign state of Khalistan.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Official Resolutions From Sarbat Khalsa 2015|url=https://www.sikh24.com/2015/11/11/official-resolutions-from-sarbat-khalsa-2015/|website=Sikh24.com|date=11 November 2015|access-date=12 November 2015|archive-date=12 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151112204950/http://www.sikh24.com/2015/11/11/official-resolutions-from-sarbat-khalsa-2015/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Moreover, signs in favour of Khalistan were raised when SAD (Amritsar) president [[Simranjit Singh Mann]] met with [[Surat Singh Khalsa]], who was admitted to [[Dayanand Medical College & Hospital]] (DMCH).{{relevance|date=January 2026}} While Mann was arguing with ACP{{expand acronym}} Satish Malhotra, supporters standing at the main gate of DMCH raised Khalistan signs in the presence of a heavy police force. After a confrontation with the police authorities that lasted about 15–20 minutes, Mann was allowed to meet Khalsa along with ADCP{{expand acronym}} Paramjeet Singh Pannu.<ref>{{cite web|title=Khalistan slogans raised as Mann comes to meet Khalsa|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/punjab-and-haryana/khalistan-slogans-raised-as-mann-comes-to-meet-khalsa/|date=25 July 2015|website=The Indian Express|access-date=14 August 2015|archive-date=27 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150827103746/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/punjab-and-haryana/khalistan-slogans-raised-as-mann-comes-to-meet-khalsa/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Maintaining a persistent connection to their culture and religion, the Sikh diaspora outside India is increasingly supporting the movement through financial contributions, propaganda, and political lobbying in the countries where they reside, and is taking a prominent role in driving the movement. Emboldened by expansive political and financial ties, the diaspora has used gurudwaras, among other available institutions, to channel financial and diplomatic aid to the movement in Punjab, and has used modern communication channels such as the internet and social media to rally support for it.<ref name="stsfor.org">{{cite web |title=Probable Resurgence of the Khalistan Movement: Role of the Sikh Diaspora – Science, Technology and Security forum |url=http://stsfor.org/content/probable-resurgence-khalistan-movement-role-sikh-diaspora |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016211428/http://stsfor.org/content/probable-resurgence-khalistan-movement-role-sikh-diaspora |archive-date=16 October 2015 |access-date=2 April 2023 |website=stsfor.org }}</ref>

Recently, many signs have been raised in several places in support of the Khalistan movement, although the [[Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada]] (IRB) reports that Sikhs who support Khalistan may themselves be detained and tortured.<ref>{{cite web|title=Responses to Information Requests|url=https://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx?doc=455887&pls=1|date=5 June 2018|website=irb-cisr.gc.ca|language=en|access-date=14 August 2019|archive-date=14 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190814162713/https://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/country-information/rir/Pages/index.aspx%3Fdoc%3D455887%26pls%3D1|url-status=live}}</ref> Notably, on the 31st anniversary of [[Operation Bluestar]], pro-Khalistan signs were raised in Punjab, resulting in 25 Sikh youths being detained by police.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pro-Khalistan slogans raised on Bluestar anniversary in Punjab|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/481914/pro-khalistan-slogans-raised-bluestar.html|date=6 June 2015|website=Deccan Herald|access-date=14 August 2015|archive-date=25 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150725013858/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/481914/pro-khalistan-slogans-raised-bluestar.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Pro-Khalistan signs were also raised during a function of [[List of chief ministers of Punjab, India|Punjabi Chief Minister]] [[Parkash Singh Badal]]. Two members of SAD-A, identified as Sarup Singh Sandha and Rajindr Singh Channa, raised pro-Khalistan and anti-Badal signs during the chief minister's speech.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pro-Khalistan slogans raised during Punjab CM Parkash Singh Badal's function|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/punjab-and-haryana/pro-khalistan-slogans-raised-during-punjab-cm-parkash-singh-badals-function/|date=26 July 2015|website=The Indian Express|access-date=14 August 2015|archive-date=29 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150829094227/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/punjab-and-haryana/pro-khalistan-slogans-raised-during-punjab-cm-parkash-singh-badals-function/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In retrospect, the Khalistan movement has failed to reach its objectives in India due to several reasons:
* Heavy police crackdown on separatists under the leadership of [[Punjab Police (India)|Punjab Police]] chief [[KPS Gill]].<ref name="HT_New2018" /> Several militant leaders were killed, and others surrendered and rehabilitated.{{sfnp|Van Dyke, The Khalistan Movement|2009|p=990}}
* Gill credits the decline to a change in the policies by adding provision for an adequate number of police and security forces to deal with the militancy. The clear political will from the government without any interference.{{sfnp|Van Dyke, The Khalistan Movement|2009|p=990}}
* Lack of a clear political concept of ''Khalistan'', even to the extremist supporters. As per Kumar (1997), the name, which was wishful thinking, only represented their revulsion against the Indian establishment and did not find any alternative to it.<ref name="Kumar_book">{{citation|last=Kumar|first=Ram Narayan|title=The Sikh unrest and the Indian state: politics, personalities, and historical retrospective|year=1997|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WD9uAAAAMAAJ|publisher=Ajanta|isbn=978-81-202-0453-9}} quoted in [http://www.rediff.com/news/feb/22sikh.htm Rediff On the Net] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815170823/http://www.rediff.com/news/feb/22sikh.htm |date=15 August 2018 }}</ref>
* In the later stages of the movement, militants lacked an ideological motivation.{{sfnp|Van Dyke, The Khalistan Movement|2009|p=990}}
* The entry of criminals and government loyalists into its ranks further divided the groups.{{sfnp|Van Dyke, The Khalistan Movement|2009|p=990}}
* Loss of sympathy and support from the Sikh population of Punjab.{{sfnp|Van Dyke, The Khalistan Movement|2009|p=990}}
* The divisions among the Sikhs also undermined this movement. According to Pettigrew, non-[[Jat people|Jat]] urban Sikhs did not want to live in a country of "Jatistan."{{sfnp|Pettigrew, The Sikhs of the Punjab|1995|pp=188–197}}{{sfnp|Van Dyke, The Khalistan Movement|2009|p=992}} Further division was caused as the people in the region traditionally preferred police and military service as career options. The [[Punjab Police (India)|Punjab Police]] had a majority of [[Jat Sikh]]s, and the conflict was referred to as ''"Jat against Jat"'' by Police Chief Gill.{{sfnp|Van Dyke, The Khalistan Movement|2009|p=990}}
* Moderate factions of Akali Dal led by [[Parkash Singh Badal]] reclaimed the political positions in the state through all three assemblies (namely, parliamentary) and [[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee]] elections. The dominance of traditional political parties was reasserted over the militant-associated factions.{{sfnp|Van Dyke, The Khalistan Movement|2009|p=991}}
* The increased vigilance by security forces in the region against the rise of separatist elements.<ref name="HT_Period">{{cite news|date=19 March 2016|title=No chance of another Khalistan movement in Punjab: Defence experts|newspaper=Hindustan Times|agency=ANI|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/no-chance-of-another-khalistan-movement-in-punjab-defence-experts/story-o9MSyS8jNS79kQo9cNIGHP.html|access-date=5 May 2018|archive-date=6 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180506103911/https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/no-chance-of-another-khalistan-movement-in-punjab-defence-experts/story-o9MSyS8jNS79kQo9cNIGHP.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The confidence-building measures adopted by the Sikh community helped in rooting out the Khalistan movement.<ref name="HT_Period" />

Simrat Dhillon (2007), writing for the Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies, noted that while a few groups continued to fight, "the movement has lost its popular support both in India and within the Diaspora community."<ref name="SikhDiaspora">{{cite web|title=The Sikh Diaspora and the Quest for Khalistan: A Search for Statehood or for Self-preservation?|url=http://www.ipcs.org/issue_briefs/issue_brief_pdf/1787132181IPCS-ResearchPaper12-SimratDhillon.pdf|last=Dhillon|first=Simrat|date=December 2007|publisher=Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies|access-date=26 May 2009|archive-date=17 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190817012224/http://www.ipcs.org/issue_briefs/issue_brief_pdf/1787132181IPCS-ResearchPaper12-SimratDhillon.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

==== 2020s ====
{{see also|Khalistan Referendum}}
In 2021, the secessionist group, [[Sikhs for Justice]] (SFJ), began an unofficial, non-binding, ongoing "referendum" regarding the potential creation of a Khalistan state, which would include the entire states of Punjab, Haryana, and Himachal Pradesh, and several districts of other Indian states. Numerous referendums have been held across Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Italy, England, and the United States. Hundreds of thousands of Sikhs have partaken in these votes, according to various news reports.

During a Khalistan referendum vote held in [[Melbourne]] in January 2023, two separate brawls broke out between Khalistan supporters and pro-India demonstrators, leading to two people being injured and two Sikh men being arrested. [[Victoria Police]] issued statements afterwards: "During the fight, flag poles were used by several men as weapons which caused physical injuries to multiple victims in which two victims were treated at the scene by paramedics" and "As a result of each incident a 34-year-old man and a 39-year-old man were arrested, and each issued with a penalty notice for riotous behaviour." Australia's High Commissioner to India [[Barry O'Farrell]] condemned the incident.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Anand |first=Nisha |title=Australian police releases pics of 6 men involved in Khalistan referendum brawl |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/australian-police-releases-pics-of-6-men-involved-in-khalistan-referendum-brawl-101679310384539.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 January 2023 |title=Brawl breaks out over Khalistan referendum in Australia; India raises concerns with authorities |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/brawl-khalistan-referendum-australia-india-8412876/ |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title='Appalled': Australian envoy on attack by Khalistan elements on pro-India groups |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/appalled-australian-envoy-on-attack-by-khalistan-elements-on-pro-india-groups-101675090248789.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

In February 2022, Deepak Punj, a Brampton radio host and a vocal critic of the Khalistan movement, was assaulted by three belligerent men who warned him "against speaking about [[Deep Sidhu]] and Khalistan". In a statement to ''[[The Globe and Mail]]'', Punj claimed "one of them pulled a gun on me, and the other hit me on the head with a beer bottle". Brampton mayor Patrick Brown condemned the attack, stating, "No one in the media should face violence or intimidation." Peel police subsequently launched an investigation.<ref>{{Cite news |date=24 February 2022 |title=Police investigating attack on Brampton radio host after remarks on Punjabi actor |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-police-investigating-attack-on-brampton-radio-host-after-remarks-on/ |access-date=12 October 2024 |work=The Globe and Mail |language=en-CA |quote=He told police he was approached near his Brampton studio Wednesday afternoon by three men who were shouting support for Mr. Sidhu, who was also a Sikh activist. “One of them pulled a gun on me, and the other hit me on the head with a beer bottle,” he told The Globe and Mail.}}</ref>

In August 2022, [[Amritpal Singh]], a self-styled radical{{refn|<ref>{{cite news |title='Bhindranwale 2.0': Radical Khalistan Sympathiser Amritpal Singh Active in Punjab |newspaper=NDTV News |url=https://www.ndtv.com/people/bhindranwale-2-0-radical-preacher-and-khalistan-sympathiser-amritpal-singh-very-active-in-punjab-3810442 |quote=Often escorted by armed supporters and donning a flowing white 'chola' and a navy-blue turban, radical preacher and Khalistan sympathiser Amritpal Singh has been very active for some time in Punjab. |access-date=24 February 2023 |archive-date=24 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230224152453/https://www.ndtv.com/people/bhindranwale-2-0-radical-preacher-and-khalistan-sympathiser-amritpal-singh-very-active-in-punjab-3810442 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Print Feb 2023">{{cite news |last=Sethi |first=Chitleen K. |date=23 February 2023 |title=Radical activist Amritpal storms Ajnala police station with supporters, secures aide's release |url=https://theprint.in/india/radical-activist-amritpal-storms-ajnala-police-station-with-supporters-secures-aides-release/1394086/ |newspaper=ThePrint |access-date=24 February 2023 |archive-date=24 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230224154325/https://theprint.in/india/radical-activist-amritpal-storms-ajnala-police-station-with-supporters-secures-aides-release/1394086/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Radical preacher Amritpal Singh issue: Habeas corpus petition moved in HC seeking his 'release' |newspaper=The Financial Express |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/radical-preacher-amritpal-singh-issue-habeas-corpus-petition-moved-in-hc-seeking-his-release/3015120/ |access-date=19 March 2023 |archive-date=19 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319175249/https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/radical-preacher-amritpal-singh-issue-habeas-corpus-petition-moved-in-hc-seeking-his-release/3015120/ |url-status=live }}</ref>}} Indian preacher, came to prominence after being appointed as the head of [[Waris Punjab De]] (a Sikh political organisation that lent support to pro-Khalistan figures and groups) immediately after Deep Sidhu's death (a succession described as illegitimate by the relatives and some associates of Sidhu).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Deep Sidhu disliked Amritpal Singh, blocked his phone |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/deep-sidhu-disliked-amritpal-blocked-his-phone-439160 |website=Tribune India |access-date=4 July 2023 |archive-date=10 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210053836/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/deep-sidhu-disliked-amritpal-blocked-his-phone-439160 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Matharu |first=Sonal |date=25 October 2022 |title=Fiery orator, 'Bhindranwale 2.0' – who's Amritpal Singh, new 'head' of Deep Sidhu's Waris Punjab De |url=https://theprint.in/india/fiery-orator-bhindranwale-2-0-whos-amritpal-singh-new-head-of-deep-sidhus-waris-punjab-de/1180939/ |access-date=4 July 2023 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US |archive-date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221116122122/https://theprint.in/india/fiery-orator-bhindranwale-2-0-whos-amritpal-singh-new-head-of-deep-sidhus-waris-punjab-de/1180939/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The rise and fall of Amritpal Singh |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/the-rise-and-fall-of-fugitive-khalistan-sympathiser-amritpal-singh-489705 |website=Tribune India |access-date=4 July 2023 |archive-date=20 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320223804/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/the-rise-and-fall-of-fugitive-khalistan-sympathiser-amritpal-singh-489705 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2023 |title=Unaware how Amritpal Singh declared himself head of 'Waris Punjab De', says Deep Sidhu's kin |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/unaware-how-amritpal-singh-declared-himself-head-of-waris-punjab-de-says-deep-sidhus-kin/2992029/ |access-date=4 July 2023 |website=Financialexpress |language=en |archive-date=19 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319194109/https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/unaware-how-amritpal-singh-declared-himself-head-of-waris-punjab-de-says-deep-sidhus-kin/2992029/ |url-status=live }}</ref> He subsequently embarked on a campaign and numerous preaching tours advocating for the creation of Khalistan and for Sikhs to receive baptism, imbibe religious austerities, and to shun drugs and other vices.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Amritpal Singh: Amrit Sanchar to focus on 'de-addiction' of youth |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/amrit-sanchar-to-focus-on-de-addiction-of-youth-445952 |website=Tribune India |access-date=4 July 2023 |archive-date=16 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221116122120/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/amrit-sanchar-to-focus-on-de-addiction-of-youth-445952 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2023 |title='Khalistan shouldn't be seen as…': Amritpal Singh as Toofan to be freed today |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/khalistan-shouldn-t-be-seen-as-amritpal-singh-as-lovepreet-singh-set-to-be-released-today-101677225024364.html |access-date=4 July 2023 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |archive-date=24 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230224155044/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/khalistan-shouldn-t-be-seen-as-amritpal-singh-as-lovepreet-singh-set-to-be-released-today-101677225024364.html |url-status=live }}</ref> He glorified the use of violence and weapons during public events.<ref>{{Cite news |date=25 February 2023 |title=Amritpal Singh {{!}} A radical preacher |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/amritpal-singh-a-radical-preacher/article66553973.ece |access-date=4 July 2023 |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=31 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331022923/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/amritpal-singh-a-radical-preacher/article66553973.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> On 18 March 2023, Indian authorities initiated a crackdown on Waris Punjab De, alleging the organisation's involvement in attempted murder, attacks on police personnel, and spreading disharmony in Punjab.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mogul |first=Rhea |date=22 March 2023 |title=Khalistan: The outlawed Sikh separatist movement that has Indian authorities on edge |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/03/22/india/india-separatist-khalistan-movement-explainer-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=4 July 2023 |website=CNN |language=en |archive-date=23 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323000018/https://www.cnn.com/2023/03/22/india/india-separatist-khalistan-movement-explainer-intl-hnk/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> An extensive manhunt for Singh ensued, who absconded and managed to evade police capture for 35 days. He was arrested on 23 April 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 April 2023 |title='Waris Punjab De' chief Amritpal Singh arrested from Punjab's Moga under NSA; shifted to Assam's Dibrugarh jail |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/amritpal-singh-waris-punjab-de-punjab-arrested/article66769442.ece |access-date=4 July 2023 |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=23 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423073440/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/amritpal-singh-waris-punjab-de-punjab-arrested/article66769442.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>

Numerous protests, particularly among diaspora Sikhs, occurred in the aftermath of the Indian police's search for Singh. While many transpired without incident, numerous violent attacks were reported in various locations. A mob of protesters attacked the Indian consulate in [[San Francisco]], another mob attacked the [[Indian High Commission in London]] and attempted to pull down the [[Indian flag]] off a pole, broke windows, and inflicted minor injuries on security staff.<ref>{{cite news |date=20 March 2023 |title=Watch: Sikhs attack Indian consulate in San Francisco, raise Khalistani flag to protest against crackdown on Amritpal Singh |newspaper=Free Press Journal |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/world/watch-sikhs-attack-indian-consulate-in-san-francisco-raise-khalistani-flag-to-protest-against-crackdown-on-amritpal-singh |url-status=live |access-date=21 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321101735/https://www.freepressjournal.in/world/watch-sikhs-attack-indian-consulate-in-san-francisco-raise-khalistani-flag-to-protest-against-crackdown-on-amritpal-singh |archive-date=21 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |author1=Simon Little |author2=Julie Nolin |title=Journalist allegedly assaulted as Punjab tensions spill over into B.C. |newspaper=Global News |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/9565072/surrey-protest-assault-punjab-crackdown/ |url-status=live |access-date=21 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321101735/https://globalnews.ca/news/9565072/surrey-protest-assault-punjab-crackdown/ |archive-date=21 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=20 March 2023 |title=Indian High Commission: Diplomat summoned after London protest |language=en-GB |publisher=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-65010388 |access-date=25 June 2023 |archive-date=25 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230625023001/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-65010388 |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[National Investigation Agency]] claimed that a group of protesters in San Francisco were exhorted to kill all representatives of the Indian government.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |date=24 June 2023 |title=Amritpal Singh's brother-in-law key accused in attack on Indian high commission in Canada |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/waris-punjab-de-chief-s-brother-in-law-named-primary-accused-in-attack-on-indian-high-commission-in-canada-101687549686353.html |access-date=25 June 2023 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |archive-date=5 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705072929/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/waris-punjab-de-chief-s-brother-in-law-named-primary-accused-in-attack-on-indian-high-commission-in-canada-101687549686353.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On 21 March 2023, two men poured flammable material in the entrance of the consulate and attempted to set the San Francisco consulate on fire.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pro-Khalistan protesters tried to set on fire India's consulate in San Francisco |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/diaspora/pro-khalistan-protesters-attempted-to-set-on-fire-indias-consulate-in-san-francisco-490025 |website=The Tribune India |access-date=4 July 2023 |archive-date=25 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230625025651/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/diaspora/pro-khalistan-protesters-attempted-to-set-on-fire-indias-consulate-in-san-francisco-490025 |url-status=live }}</ref> In Washington, Khalistan supporters verbally intimidated and physically assaulted an Indian journalist covering the protests.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 March 2023 |title=Senior Indian journalist attacked by pro-Khalistanis outside Indian Embassy in Washington |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/international/world-news-politics/senior-indian-journalist-attacked-by-pro-khalistanis-outside-indian-embassy-in-washington-1203621.html |access-date=25 June 2023 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en |archive-date=25 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230625021638/https://www.deccanherald.com/international/world-news-politics/senior-indian-journalist-attacked-by-pro-khalistanis-outside-indian-embassy-in-washington-1203621.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In a Surrey protest, Sameer Kaushal, a journalist, was allegedly assaulted and harassed by Khalistan supporters.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Journalist allegedly assaulted as Punjab tensions spill over into B.C. |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/9565072/surrey-protest-assault-punjab-crackdown/ |access-date=25 June 2023 |website=Global News |language=en-US |archive-date=21 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321101735/https://globalnews.ca/news/9565072/surrey-protest-assault-punjab-crackdown/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In the aftermath of the Surrey protest, Surrey [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] (RCMP) spokesperson Vanessa Munn confirmed police were investigating an alleged assault involving a different victim and that the RCMP was seeking witnesses and video evidence. She stated "There is an assault investigation into the assault of one person who was in the crowd and did appear to be swarmed and assaulted by multiple people".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Journalist allegedly assaulted as Punjab tensions spill over into B.C. |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/9565072/surrey-protest-assault-punjab-crackdown/ |access-date=12 October 2024 |website=Global News |language=en-US}}</ref> In 2023, Indian ambassador to the US [[Taranjit Singh Sandhu]] was threatened with [[assassination]] by Khalistanis.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 March 2023 |title='Mr Taranjit Singh Sandhu…': Khalistan supporter threatens Indian envoy to US {{!}} Watch |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/mr-taranjit-singh-sandhu-khalistan-supporters-threaten-indian-envoy-to-us-watch-101679805410645.html |access-date=25 June 2023 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en |archive-date=27 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230627184325/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/mr-taranjit-singh-sandhu-khalistan-supporters-threaten-indian-envoy-to-us-watch-101679805410645.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

On 18 June 2023, [[Hardeep Singh Nijjar]] was shot dead in the parking lot of a Sikh temple in [[Surrey, British Columbia]]. Nijjar was allegedly the head of two pro-Khalistan organisations in Canada, and had been accused by the Indian government of orchestrating targeted killings in India, for which it unsuccessfully sought his extradition.<ref>{{cite news|author=Anirudh Bhattacharyya|title=Canadian police frees Khalistani 'separatist' Hardeep Nijjar after 24 hours in custody|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/nijjar-accused-by-india-of-being-khalistani-terrorist-briefly-taken-into-custody-by-canada/story-Tdi9QZxxyDKuBlcjjc6ZXN.html|publisher=Hindustan Times|date=27 April 2018|access-date=19 September 2023|archive-date=21 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230921182446/https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/nijjar-accused-by-india-of-being-khalistani-terrorist-briefly-taken-into-custody-by-canada/story-Tdi9QZxxyDKuBlcjjc6ZXN.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 2 July 2023, Khalistani supporters set the Indian consulate in San Francisco on fire.<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 July 2023 |title=2nd attack since March: Indian consulate set on fire in San Francisco; US condemns violence |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/2nd-attack-since-march-indian-consulate-set-on-fire-in-san-francisco-us-condemns-violence/articleshow/101471463.cms?from=mdr |access-date=4 July 2023 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=4 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230704205012/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/2nd-attack-since-march-indian-consulate-set-on-fire-in-san-francisco-us-condemns-violence/articleshow/101471463.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live }}</ref> The arson attempt was promptly suppressed by the San Francisco Fire Department, resulting in limited damage to the building and no injuries to the staffers present.<ref name="Tribune India July 2023">{{Cite web |title=US condemns vandalism, attempted arson against Indian Consulate in San Francisco |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/diaspora/us-condemns-vandalism-attempted-arson-against-indian-consulate-in-san-francisco-522658 |website=Tribune India |access-date=4 July 2023 |archive-date=4 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230704213518/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/diaspora/us-condemns-vandalism-attempted-arson-against-indian-consulate-in-san-francisco-522658 |url-status=live }}</ref> The incident was condemned by the State Department's spokesman [[Matthew Miller (spokesperson)|Matthew Miller]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 July 2023 |title=US condemns vandalism at Indian consulate in San Francisco |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us-condemns-vandalism-indian-consulate-san-francisco-2023-07-04/ |access-date=4 July 2023 |archive-date=4 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230704205012/https://www.reuters.com/world/us-condemns-vandalism-indian-consulate-san-francisco-2023-07-04/ |url-status=live }}</ref> A video of the incident was released on Twitter by Khalistani supporters, suggesting the attack was retaliation for the recent death of Hardeep Singh Nijjar.<ref name="Tribune India July 2023" /> Nijjar's death sparked protests among sections of the Sikh diaspora; posters promoting these events alleged that Indian diplomats played a role in the death. The posters were condemned by Canadian Foreign Affairs Minister Melanie Joly, who assured the safety of Indian diplomats and buildings.<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 July 2023 |title='Heated' demonstration at Indian consulate in Toronto sees one arrested |language=en-CA |work=The Globe and Mail |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-sikh-protests-toronto-vancouver/ |access-date=14 July 2023 |quote=Some online posters ahead of the event said "Kill India" and suggested, without evidence, that Indian diplomats played a role in Mr. Nijjar’s death. |archive-date=14 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230714010058/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-sikh-protests-toronto-vancouver/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

According to a ''Globe and Mail'' report published one year after Nijjar's death, some Canadian security officials did not believe there was sufficient evidence to arrest Nijjar, and accused Indian intelligence officials of "having a reputation for torqueing evidence to fit with political objectives". However, the report also stated that interviews with Nijjar's associates and his own disclosures, revealed that "he was steeped in Sikh extremism", made speeches calling for violence against Indian adversaries, had relations with the architects of the 1995 assassination of Punjab's chief minister [[Beant Singh (politician)|Beant Singh]], was photographed in Pakistan with an AK-47 and had a close relationship with Jagtar Singh Tara—head of the [[Babbar Khalsa International]] and other militant outfits—had "underworld associates" and relations with members of the [[Khalistan Tiger Force]], and led several men in weapons, GPS, and target practice in [[Lower Mainland Ecoregion|Lower Mainland BC]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=22 June 2024 |title=A year after Hardeep Singh Nijjar's death, mysteries remain about how he really lived |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-a-year-after-hardeep-singh-nijjars-death-mysteries-remain-about-how-he/ |access-date=12 October 2024 |work=The Globe and Mail |language=en-CA}}</ref>

On 1 September 2024, the organisation, [[Sikhs for Justice]] (SFJ), held a rally in Toronto. Floats within the parade glorified [[Dilawar Singh Babbar]], a suicide bomber affiliated with [[Babbar Khalsa International]] (a banned organisation in Canada), who killed former Punjab chief minister [[Beant Singh (politician)|Beant Singh]] and numerous other bystanders. A sign at the rally read "Beanta Bombed to Death". SFJ described Babbar as a "human bomb". SFJ's general counsel, in a statement, said: "We are all offspring of Dilawar. At that time in 1995, the choice of weapon was a bomb, but we have a choice of [a] ballot today.” Some attendees chanted "Kill India" at the rally.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 September 2024 |title=Pro-Khalistani Group in Toronto Glorifies Beant Singh's Killer, Indian Authorities to Raise Issue With Canada {{!}} EXCLUSIVE |url=https://www.news18.com/world/pro-khalistani-group-in-toronto-glorifies-beant-singhs-killer-indian-authorities-to-raise-issue-with-canada-exclusive-9035805.html |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1 September 2024 |title=Canada: Pro-Khalistan rallies feature floats celebrating 1995 Beant Singh bombing |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/world/canada/story/canada-pro-khalistan-rallies-feature-floats-celebrating-1995-beant-singh-bombing-443897-2024-09-01?onetap=true |access-date=13 October 2024 |website=Business Today |language=en}}</ref>

In October 2024, Rishi Nagar, a Canadian radio host of ''Calgary Red FM'', reported on an incident at Gurdwara Dashmesh Culture Centre, a Sikh temple in Calgary, in which two men were arrested on various firearms-related charges, including unauthorised possession of a firearm and pointing a firearm; multiple guns were seized by the police at the site. Following the report, Nagar was assaulted by two men. The attack left Nagar with severe injuries to his eye. Nagar attributed the assault to Khalistani elements, stating “The pro-Khalistan people attacked me” {{citation needed|date=February 2025}}. Calgary Police's Staff Sergeant John Guigon described the assault as "particularly troubling to us when a member of the media gets attacked in a democracy".{{refn|<ref>{{Cite web |title='I will not be silenced': Calgary radio host attack caught on CCTV |url=https://globalnews.ca/news/10789526/calgary-radio-host-attack-cctv-red-fm-rishi-nagar/ |access-date=2 October 2024 |website=Global News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Calgary radio host speaks out after being attacked outside banquet hall |url=https://globalnews.ca/video/10789528/calgary-radio-host-speaks-out-after-being-attacked-outside-banquet-hall/ |access-date=2 October 2024 |website=Global News |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Indo-Canadian mediaperson, attacked by two persons, blames 'pro-Khalistan' elements |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/indocanadian-mediaperson-attacked-by-two-persons-blames-pro-khalistan-elements-101727784955199.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1 October 2024 |title=Calgary police investigating weekend assault of radio host |url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/calgary/article/calgary-police-investigating-weekend-assault-of-radio-host/ |access-date=2 October 2024 |website=CTV News Calgary |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Radio journalist says he was assaulted in attack over news coverage |url=https://www.msn.com/en-ca/news/canada/police-investigate-allegedly-politically-motivated-assault-on-radio-journalist/ar-AA1rxplx |work=Calgary Herald |quote=City police are seeking two suspects in an assault on a well-known radio journalist in Calgary’s northeast that apparently targeted his reporting on crime issues within the Sikh community.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Calgary police probe assault of RED FM news director |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/calgary/police-investigate-assault-on-radio-host-1.7338352 |work=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation |quote=Staff Sgt. John Guigon said Nagar was struck in the head but was not seriously hurt, and that the incident was captured on video. "It was not a pleasant situation," he said."[It is] particularly troubling to us when a member of the media gets attacked in a democracy.... We're throwing resources at it."}}</ref>}}<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Abhinav |date=3 October 2024 |title=Canadian radio journalist Rishi Nagar attacked by Khalistani groups in Canada |url=https://diyatvusa.com/canadian-radio-journalist-rishi-nagar-attacked-by-khalistani-groups-in-canada/ |access-date=4 October 2024 |website=Diya TV |language=en-US |quote=A group of men supportive of the Khalistan separatist movement violently assaulted Canada-based RED FM News Director Rishi Nagar allegedly for refusing to align with their agenda.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Moharib |first=Nadia |date=30 September 2024 |title=Man threatened outside NE temple, two arrested: Calgary police |url=https://calgary.citynews.ca/2024/09/30/calgary-sikh-temple-firearms-incident/ |access-date=11 October 2024 |website=CityNews Calgary |language=en}}</ref> ''Calgary Red FM'' stated that Nagar "faced some blowback for his opposition to the Khalistan movement".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bradley |first=Jonathan |date=1 October 2024 |title=RED FM Calgary host says attack will not stop his journalism |url=https://www.westernstandard.news/alberta/red-fm-calgary-host-says-attack-will-not-stop-his-journalism/58314 |access-date=2 October 2024 |website=Western Standard |language=en}}</ref> Conservative leader Pierre Poilievre and Alberta premier Danielle Smith condemned the attack.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bradley |first=Jonathan |date=2 October 2024 |title=UPDATED: Poilievre, Smith say they are disturbed by attack on RED FM Calgary host |url=https://www.westernstandard.news/alberta/poilievre-says-he-is-disturbed-by-attack-on-red-fm-calgary-host/58342 |access-date=2 October 2024 |website=Western Standard |language=en}}</ref>

Chandra Arya, a Canadian Liberal MP, denounced attacks on journalists perpetrated by Khalistan supporters. In the House of Commons, he criticised the attacks on Nagar, Punj, and Kaushal. Arya further stated, "I call on law enforcement agencies to take notice of Khalistani extremism with all seriousness it deserves." Mocha Bezirgan, a journalist, has also received death threats for his coverage on Khalistani extremism.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Journalists reporting against Khalistan groups under attack in Canada, says Indian-origin MP |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/diaspora/journalists-reporting-against-khalistan-groups-under-attack-in-canada-says-indian-origin-mp/ |access-date=12 October 2024 |website=The Tribune |language=en}}</ref>

In November 2024, Khalistani demonstrators attacked people outside the Hindu Sabha Mandir in Brampton with flag poles and sticks. In a video circulated on social media, individuals holding pro-Khalistan flags were seen running into the temple property and striking people within their vicinity.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Mudhar |first1=Raju |last2=O'Brien |first2=Abby |date=9 November 2024 |title='This is not a Hindu and Sikh battle': The complex history behind protests that erupted at Brampton temples this week over Indian consular visits |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/this-is-not-a-hindu-and-sikh-battle-the-complex-history-behind-protests-that-erupted/article_8a786650-9dfd-11ef-a451-1fda9f2db36f.html |access-date=10 November 2024 |website=Toronto Star |language=en |quote=In another video, individuals holding pro-Khalistan flagpoles can be seen running onto the property, striking those inside the perimeter with them. A chaotic scene ensues.}}</ref> Justin Trudeau, Pierre Poilievre, and Jagmeet Singh, along with other Canadian politicians, condemned the incident.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aguilar |first=Bryann |date=3 November 2024 |title=Police increase their presence at Hindu temple in Brampton after protest |url=https://www.cp24.com/local/peel/2024/11/03/peel-police-investigating-incident-during-protest-at-hindu-temple-in-brampton/ |access-date=3 November 2024 |website=CP24 |language=en}}</ref> As a result of the violence, Brampton Mayor Patrick Brown announced he that he intended to introduce a motion at city council to prohibit protests outside places of worship in Brampton.<ref>{{Cite web |last=ICI.Radio-Canada.ca |first=Zone Justice et faits divers- |date=4 November 2024 |title=3 arrested and charged after protest at Brampton Hindu temple, police say |url=https://ici.radio-canada.ca/rci/en/news/2117369/3-arrested-and-charged-after-protest-at-brampton-hindu-temple-police-say |access-date=4 November 2024 |website=Radio-Canada.ca |language=fr-ca}}</ref> An off-duty Peel Police sergeant named Harinder Sohi was suspended from duty for participating in the protest. Sohi was filmed holding a Khalistan flag outside the temple.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Mudhar |first1=Raju |last2=O'Brien |first2=Abby |date=9 November 2024 |title='This is not a Hindu and Sikh battle': The complex history behind protests that erupted at Brampton temples this week over Indian consular visits |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/this-is-not-a-hindu-and-sikh-battle-the-complex-history-behind-protests-that-erupted/article_8a786650-9dfd-11ef-a451-1fda9f2db36f.html |access-date=10 November 2024 |website=Toronto Star |language=en |quote=The clash saw three people arrested and an off-duty police officer who participated in the protest, Sergeant Harinder Sohi, suspended.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Peel cop suspended after participating in protest outside Hindu temple |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/peel-officer-suspended-hindu-temple-protest-1.7372954 |work=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Who Is The Suspended Cop Harinder Sohi And What Happened At The Pro-Khalistan Protest? |url=https://thedailyguardian.com/who-is-the-suspended-cop-harinder-sohi-and-what-happened-at-the-pro-khalistan-protest/ |access-date=4 November 2024 |website=TheDailyGuardian |date=4 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref> In another social media post, a police officer was seen charging at a temple-goer and punching him, seemingly without provocation. The ''Toronto Star'' reached out to Peel Police, which claimed it was aware of the video and "looking into it".<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Mudhar |first1=Raju |last2=O'Brien |first2=Abby |date=9 November 2024 |title='This is not a Hindu and Sikh battle': The complex history behind protests that erupted at Brampton temples this week over Indian consular visits |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/this-is-not-a-hindu-and-sikh-battle-the-complex-history-behind-protests-that-erupted/article_8a786650-9dfd-11ef-a451-1fda9f2db36f.html |access-date=10 November 2024 |website=Toronto Star |language=en |quote=The video then appears to show one of the officers breaking away from his colleagues, running onto temple property, and repeatedly striking an individual. When reached for comment, Peel police said it was aware of the video and was looking into it.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 November 2024 |title=Video: Canadian cop punches Hindu man protesting against pro-Khalistan mob attack |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/story/canada-brampton-temple-attack-peel-police-assault-hindu-community-indians-khalistan-mob-viral-video-2627588-2024-11-04 |access-date=4 November 2024 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> Prior to the melee at the temple, the Indian consulate announced a visit to the temple to assist elderly members of the Indian diaspora with their pensions and to them issue life certificates.<ref>{{Cite news |date=8 November 2024 |title=Fears of more clashes between Sikhs and Hindus in Brampton, Ont., as Canada-India rift spills over into suburbs |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-tensions-in-brampton-boil-over-with-violent-protests-clashes/ |access-date=10 November 2024 |work=The Globe and Mail |language=en-CA |quote=The Khalistani protesters claimed the event at the Hindu temple Sunday – where Indian consular staff were helping Indian immigrants apply for government pensions – was part of surveillance efforts to keep tabs on pro-Khalistan Sikhs.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Mudhar |first1=Raju |last2=O'Brien |first2=Abby |date=9 November 2024 |title='This is not a Hindu and Sikh battle': The complex history behind protests that erupted at Brampton temples this week over Indian consular visits |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/this-is-not-a-hindu-and-sikh-battle-the-complex-history-behind-protests-that-erupted/article_8a786650-9dfd-11ef-a451-1fda9f2db36f.html |access-date=10 November 2024 |website=Toronto Star |language=en |quote=It was the presence of Indian Consular officials, who have been visiting communities to help older people in the diaspora who may be entitled to pensions, that prompted SFJ to plan Sunday’s demonstration.}}</ref> Most beneficiaries of the consular service were Sikh diaspora members.<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 November 2024 |title=Violent clashes erupt outside consular camp at Hindu temple in Canada's Brampton |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/violent-clashes-erupt-outside-consular-camp-at-hindu-temple-in-canadas-brampton/article68827909.ece |access-date=10 November 2024 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |quote=Most beneficiaries of the consular service organised by the Indian High Commission in Brampton were Sikh members of the Indian diaspora.}}</ref> [[Sikhs for Justice]] subsequently began a protest, alleging the Indian consulate intended to spy on Sikhs and collect intelligence on the separatist movement.<ref>{{Cite news |date=8 November 2024 |title=Fears of more clashes between Sikhs and Hindus in Brampton, Ont., as Canada-India rift spills over into suburbs |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-tensions-in-brampton-boil-over-with-violent-protests-clashes/ |access-date=10 November 2024 |work=The Globe and Mail |language=en-CA}}</ref> Inderjeet Singh Gosal, Sikhs for Justice Khalistan referendum coordinator for Canada, who organised the protest stated: "This is not a Hindu and Sikh battle. This is strictly Sikhs versus the Indian government [...] Any place they (consular officials) go, we've been protesting there."<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Mudhar |first1=Raju |last2=O'Brien |first2=Abby |date=9 November 2024 |title='This is not a Hindu and Sikh battle': The complex history behind protests that erupted at Brampton temples this week over Indian consular visits |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/this-is-not-a-hindu-and-sikh-battle-the-complex-history-behind-protests-that-erupted/article_8a786650-9dfd-11ef-a451-1fda9f2db36f.html |access-date=10 November 2024 |website=Toronto Star |language=en}}</ref> Gosal was arrested on 8 November 2024 and charged with assault with a weapon.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lavoie |first=Joanna |date=9 November 2024 |title=Another person charged following violent demonstrations in Peel Region |url=https://www.cp24.com/local/peel/2024/11/09/another-person-charged-following-violent-demonstrations-in-peel-region/ |access-date=10 November 2024 |website=CP24 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/11/29/india/clashes-hindu-sikh-canada-india-intl-hnk/index.html|title=Clashes erupted outside a Hindu temple near Toronto. They're the latest sign of Canada and India's spiraling relations|date=29 November 2024 |publisher=CNN}}</ref>
On 23 September 2025, Canadian authorities arrested Inderjeet Singh Gosal for firearms charges.<ref>{{cite web |title=Canadian police arrest Sikh activist on firearms charges |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/canada-india-arrest-1.7640797 |website=CBC news |access-date=23 September 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Khalistani extremist Inderjit Singh Gosal arrested in Canada on firearms charges |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/khalistani-extremist-inderjit-singh-gosal-arrested-in-canada-on-firearms-charges-10265409/ |website=The Indian Express |access-date=23 September 2025 |language=en |date=23 September 2025}}</ref>

===== Electoral performance of pro-Khalistan parties and candidates =====
{{see also|2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|Sangrur Lok Sabha constituency|2024 Indian general election in Punjab}}
In the [[2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election]], the [[Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar)]], a splinter group of the [[Shiromani Akali Dal]], and the only pro Khalistan party in India,<ref name="Only pro">{{Cite web |date=22 January 2022 |title=Not one of its leaders elected since 1999, SAD (Amritsar) still contests polls demanding Khalistan |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/not-one-of-its-leaders-elected-since-1999-sad-amritsar-still-contests-polls-demanding-khalistan-7736135/ |access-date=12 October 2024 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |quote=Headed by former MP Simranjit Singh Mann, a retired IPS officer, SAD (Amritsar) is the only party which still contests the elections in Punjab with demand for a separate Khalistan.}}</ref> contested 81 out of the 117 seats in the Punjab Legislative Assembly and received 386,176 votes or 2.48% of the vote share. SAD(A) received 49,260 votes (0.3% of the vote share) in the [[2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2017 Legislative Assembly election]].

Simranjit Singh Mann, head of the SAD(A), won the Sangrur [[Lok Sabha]] [[Sangrur Lok Sabha constituency|by-election]] held in June 2022, receiving 253,154 votes in the constituency or 35.61% of the vote share. However, Mann went on to lose the [[Sangrur Lok Sabha constituency|2024 Sangrur Lok Sabha election]], receiving 187,246 votes, or 18.55% of the vote.

In the [[2024 Indian general election in Punjab]], thirteen parliamentary constituencies were contested. Two MP candidates associated with the Khalistan movement, Amritpal Singh and Sarabjeet Singh Khalsa,<ref name="PKS">{{Cite news |last=Takkar |first=Jatin |date=4 June 2024 |title=Pro-Khalistan separatists Amritpal and Sarabjeet lead over rivals |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/pro-khalistan-separatists-amritpal-and-sarabjeet-lead-over-rivals/articleshow/110696255.cms?from=mdr |access-date=12 October 2024 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref> won in their respective constituencies and were subsequently elected as Indian Members of Parliament.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sethi |first=Chitleen K. |date=5 June 2024 |title=Amritpal, Sarabjeet Singh Khalsa — Sikh radicals' poll victories pose challenge for Mann govt |url=https://theprint.in/politics/amritpal-sarabjeet-singh-khalsa-sikh-radicals-poll-victories-pose-challenge-for-mann-govt/2117825/ |access-date=12 October 2024 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US |quote=Amritpal Singh won from Khadoor Sahib by biggest margin this election in Punjab & Beant Singh's son Khalsa won in Faridkot. But, Simranjit Singh Mann lost his Sangrur seat.}}</ref> SAD(A) ran candidates in 12 out of 13 constituencies, but did not win any race. They received over 500,000 votes in the election.
{| class="wikitable"
|+Electoral performance of pro Khalistan candidates/parties in the 2024 Indian general election in Punjab
!Candidate/Party
!Affiliation
!Constituency
!Won/Lost
!Votes
!%
!Notes
|-
|Amritpal Singh
|Independent
|Khadoor Sahib
|Won
|404,430<ref name="ECI2024">{{Cite web |title=General Election to Parliamentary Constituencies: Trends & Results June-2024 |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/partywiseresult-S19.htm |website=Election Commission of India}}</ref>
|38.62
|Incarcerated pro-Khalistan activist.<ref name="PKS"/>
|-
|Sarabjeet Singh Khalsa
|Independent
|Faridkot
|Won
|298,062<ref name="ECI2024"/>
|29.38
|Son of the [[Beant Singh (assassin)|assassin]] of former Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 June 2024 |title=Father didn't care and laid down his life, Sikh community pulled family through troubled times: Sarabjit Singh Khalsa |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/father-didnt-care-and-laid-down-his-life-sikh-community-pulled-family-through-troubled-times-sarabjit-singh-khalsa/articleshow/110768223.cms?from=mdr |access-date=12 October 2024 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |quote=Six-year-old Sarabjit when his father Beant Singh, a Delhi police SI who was part of the PM’s security detail, along with another of her bodyguards, Satwant Singh, assassinated Indira Gandhi in October 1984.}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="2" |Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar)
|Contested 12 out of the 13 parliamentary constituencies
|Lost in all 12 constituencies
|517,024<ref name="ECI2024"/>
|~3.82% of total vote share
|Only pro-Khalistan party in India.<ref name="Only pro"/>
|-
|
|
|
|'''Total vote count of pro-Khalistan candidates'''
|'''1,219,516'''
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|'''Total votes in general election'''
|'''~13,530,000'''
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|'''% of vote'''
|'''~9%'''
|
|
|}

== Militancy ==
During the late 1980s and the early 1990s, there was a dramatic rise in radical state militancy in Punjab. The 1984 military [[Operation Blue Star]] in the [[Golden Temple]] in Amritsar offended many Sikhs.{{sfnp|Pettigrew, The Sikhs of the Punjab|1995|p=24}} The separatists used this event, as well as the following [[1984 anti-Sikh riots]], to claim that the interest of Sikhs was not safe in India and to foster the spread of militancy among Sikhs in Punjab. Some sections of the Sikh diaspora also began join the separatists with financial and diplomatic support.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=128}}

A section of Sikhs turned to militancy in Punjab and several Sikh militant outfits proliferated in the 1980s and 1990s.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=129}} Some militant groups aimed to create an independent state through acts of violence directed at members of the Indian government, army, or forces. A large numbers of Sikhs condemned the actions of the militants.<ref name="JCSP1992">{{citation|first1=J. C. |last1=Aggarwal|title=Modern History of Punjab|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d-CN0Q4g-dwC&pg=PA108|page=117|year=1992|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|isbn=978-81-7022-431-0|first2=S. P.|last2=Agrawal}}</ref> According to [[anthropological]] analysis, one reason young men had for joining militant and other religious nationalist groups was for fun, excitement, and expressions of masculinity. Puri, Judge, and Sekhon (1999) suggest that illiterate/under-educated young men, lacking enough job prospects, had joined pro-Khalistan militant groups for the primary purpose of "fun."<ref name=":5">Puri, Harish K., Paramjit Singh Judge, and Jagrup Singh Sekhon. 1999. ''Terrorism in Punjab: Understanding Grassroots Reality''. New Delhi: Har-Anand Publications. pp. 68–71.</ref> They mention that the pursuit of Khalistan itself was the motivation for only 5% of "militants."{{sfnp|Van Dyke, The Khalistan Movement|2009|p=991}}<ref name=":5" />

=== Militant groups ===
{{See also|List of pro-Khalistan movement organisations}}

There are several militant Sikh groups, such as the Khalistan Council, that are currently functional and provides organisation and guidance to the Sikh community. Multiple groups are organised across the world, coordinating their military efforts for Khalistan. Such groups were most active in 1980s and early 1990s, and have since receded in activity. These groups are largely defunct in India but they still have a political presence among the Sikh diaspora, especially in countries such as Pakistan where they are not proscribed by law.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=133}}

Most of these outfits were crushed by 1993 during the [[counter-insurgency]] operations. In recent years, active groups have included Babbar Khalsa, International Sikh Youth Federation, Dal Khalsa, and Bhindranwale Tiger Force. An unknown group before then, the Shaheed Khalsa Force claimed credit for the marketplace bombings in New Delhi in 1997. The group has never been heard of since.

Major pro-Khalistan militant outfits include:
* [[Babbar Khalsa]] International (BKI)
** Listed as a terrorist organisation in the [[European Union]],<ref name="EU_terror_list">{{cite web |url=http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/oj/2005/l_144/l_14420050608en00540058.pdf |title=Council Common Position 2005/427/CFSP of 6 June 2005 updating Common Position 2001/931/CFSP on the application of specific measures to combat terrorism and repealing Common Position 2005/220/CFSP |date=6 June 2005 |publisher=European Union |page=5 |access-date=31 May 2009 |archive-date=1 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601155954/http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/site/en/oj/2005/l_144/l_14420050608en00540058.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Canada,<ref name="psepc.gc.ca">{{cite web |url=http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/prg/ns/le/cle-en.asp#bkbki13 |title=Currently listed entities (terrorist organizations-ed) |publisher=Public Safety Canada |access-date=31 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090626183402/http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/prg/ns/le/cle-en.asp#bkbki13 |archive-date=26 June 2009}}</ref> India,<ref name="cbcca-extremism" /> and UK.<ref name="cbcca-extremism">{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/sikh-politics-canada/index.html |title=Sikh politics in Canada. Symbols and suits. Sikh extremism enters mainstream Canadian politics |last=Milewski |first=Terry |date=28 June 2007 |publisher=CBC |access-date=26 December 2011 |archive-date=1 June 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601022355/http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/sikh-politics-canada/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="UKBKlisting">{{cite web |url=http://security.homeoffice.gov.uk/legislation/current-legislation/terrorism-act-2000/proscribed-groups |title=Proscribed terrorist groups |publisher=UK Office for Security and Counter Terrorism |access-date=24 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090615073011/http://security.homeoffice.gov.uk/legislation/current-legislation/terrorism-act-2000/proscribed-groups |archive-date=15 June 2009}}</ref>
** Included in the [[United States Department of State list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations|Terrorist Exclusion List]] of the US Government in 2004.<ref>{{Cite web |date = 29 December 2004 |title = Terrorist Exclusion List |publisher = U. S. [[Bureau of Counterterrorism and Countering Violent Extremism]] |url = http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/other/des/123086.htm|access-date=14 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090513211402/http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/other/des/123086.htm |archive-date=13 May 2009}}</ref>
** Designated by the US and the Canadian courts for the bombing of [[Air India Flight 182]] on 27 June 2002.<ref name="cbcca-extremism"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/20123.pdf |title=Appendix F: Countering Terrorism on the Economic Front |publisher=US Department of State |page=2 |access-date=31 May 2009 |archive-date=10 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110141125/https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/20123.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Bhindranwale Tiger Force of Khalistan|Bhindranwala Tiger Force of Khalistan]] (BTFK; aka Bhindranwale Tiger Force, BTF)
** This group appears to have been formed in 1984 by [[Gurbachan Singh Manochahal]].
** Seems to have disbanded or integrated into other organisations after the death of Manochahal.<ref name="fightingbook">{{harvp|Mahmood|1996|p=328}}</ref>
** Listed in 1995 as one of the 4 "major militant groups" in the Khalistan movement.<ref name="TerrorismInContext">{{citation|title=Terrorism in Context|date=1995|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9nFyZaZGthgC|page=656|editor=Martha Crenshaw|publisher=Pennsylvania State University Press|isbn=978-0-271-01015-1|access-date=29 August 2020|archive-date=30 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072139/https://books.google.com/books?id=9nFyZaZGthgC|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Khalistan Commando Force]] (KCF){{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=129}}
** Formed by the [[Sarbat Khalsa]] in 1986.<ref name="encycloextreme">{{citation |last=Atkins |first=Stephen E. |author-link=Stephen E. Atkins |title=Encyclopedia of modern worldwide extremists and extremist groups |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |page=404 |year=2004 |edition=illustrated |isbn=978-0-313-32485-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b8k4rEPvq_8C |access-date=26 June 2009 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072209/https://books.google.com/books?id=b8k4rEPvq_8C |url-status=live }}</ref> It does not figure in the list of terrorist organisations declared by the [[United States Department of State|US Department of State]] (DOS).<ref>{{Cite web |date = 8 April 2008 |title=Foreign Terrorist Organizations |publisher = [[U. S. Department of State]]|url=http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/other/des/123085.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090513211359/http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/other/des/123085.htm |archive-date=13 May 2009}}</ref>
** According to the DOS<ref name="KCFconvict" /> and the Assistant Inspector General of the [[Punjab Police (India)|Punjab Police]] Intelligence Division,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/p/inl/rls/nrcrpt/2008/vol2/html/101353.htm |title=Law Enforcement Cases: International Narcotics Control Strategy Report: Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs |date=March 2008 |publisher=US Department of State |access-date=8 June 2009 |archive-date=16 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816010344/https://2001-2009.state.gov/p/inl/rls/nrcrpt/2008/vol2/html/101353.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> the KCF was responsible for the deaths of thousands in India, including the 1995 assassination of Chief Minister [[Beant Singh (politician)|Beant Singh]].<ref name="KCFconvict" />
* [[Khalistan Liberation Army]] (KLA)
** Reputed to have been a wing of, associated with, or a breakaway group of the Khalistan Liberation Force.
* [[Khalistan Liberation Force]]{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=129}}
** Formed in 1986
** Believed to be responsible for several bombings of civilian targets in India during the 1980s and 1990s,<ref name="1995patterns">{{cite web|title=1995 Patterns of Global Terrorism|url=https://fas.org/irp/threat/terror_95/terasi.htm#India|last=Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism|date=April 1996|publisher=Federation of American Scientists|access-date=30 May 2009|archive-date=22 January 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090122200013/http://fas.org/irp/threat/terror_95/terasi.htm#India|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="CNN96may22">{{Cite news |last = Pratap |first = Anita |author-link = Anita Pratap |date = 22 May 1996 |title = Bus explosion in India kills at least 14: It's the second bombing in two days |publisher = [[CNN]] |publication-place = New Delhi |url=http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9605/22/india.bomb/index.html|access-date=14 January 2023|archive-date=8 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108074743/http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9605/22/india.bomb/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> sometimes in conjunction with [[Islamism|Islamist]] [[Kashmir conflict|Kashmir separatists]].<ref name="CNN96may21">{{Cite web|title=CNN – Fatal bomb meant to disrupt – April 21, 1996|url=http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9604/21/india.bomb/index.html|access-date=14 January 2023|website=CNN|archive-date=8 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108074805/http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9604/21/india.bomb/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Khalistan Zindabad Force]] (KZF)
** Listed as a terrorist organisation by the EU.<ref name="EU_terror_list" />
** Last major suspected activity was a bomb blast in 2006 at the [[Inter State Bus Terminals|Inter-State Bus Terminus]] in [[Jalandhar]].<ref>{{cite news|date=19 June 2006|title=KZF behind Jalandhar blasts|work=The Indian Express|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/kzf-behind-jalandhar-blasts/6802/|access-date=26 December 2011|archive-date=5 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090605145526/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/kzf-behind-jalandhar-blasts/6802|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[International Sikh Youth Federation]] (ISYF),{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=129}} based in the United Kingdom.
* [[All India Sikh Students Federation]] (AISSF)
* [[Dashmesh Regiment]]
* [[Shaheed Khalsa Force]]

=== Abatement ===

The [[United States Department of State|US Department of State]] found that Sikh extremism had decreased significantly from 1992 to 1997, although a 1997 report noted that "Sikh militant cells are active internationally and extremists gather funds from overseas Sikh communities."<ref name="uspatterns">{{cite web |url=https://1997-2001.state.gov/www/global/terrorism/1997Report/backg.html |title=Patterns of Global Terrorism: 1997 – appendix B |year=1997 |publisher=U. S. Department of State |access-date=25 May 2009 |archive-date=23 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101123191315/http://1997-2001.state.gov/www/global/terrorism/1997Report/backg.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 1999, [[Kuldip Nayar]], writing for [[Rediff.com]], stated in an article, titled "It is fundamentalism again", that the Sikh "masses" had rejected terrorists.<ref name="rediffeject">{{cite news |url=http://www.rediff.com/news/1999/feb/22nayar.htm |title=It is fundamentalism again |last=Nayar |first=Kuldip |date=22 February 1999 |work=Rediff.com |access-date=26 December 2011 |archive-date=5 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120105115345/http://www.rediff.com/news/1999/feb/22nayar.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
By 2001, Sikh extremism and the demand for Khalistan had all but abated.<ref>{{harvp|Jodhka|2001}}: "Not only has the once powerful Khalistan movement virtually disappeared, even the appeal of identity seems to have considerably declined during the last couple of years."</ref>

Reported in his paper, titled "From Bhindranwale to Bin Laden: Understanding Religious Violence", Director [[Mark Juergensmeyer]] of the Orfalea Centre for Global & International Studies, [[University of California, Santa Barbara|UCSB]], interviewed a militant who said that "the movement is over," as many of his colleagues had been killed, imprisoned, or driven into hiding, and because public support was gone.<ref name="dubiousreference1">{{cite web |url=http://juergensmeyer.com/files/ASU%20volume-%2006CHAP02_JUERGENSMEYER.pdf |title=From Bhindranwale to Bin Laden: Understanding Religious Violence |last=Juergensmeyer |first=Mark |date=14 October 2004 |publisher=Self |page=30 |access-date=26 May 2009 |archive-date=13 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713123550/http://juergensmeyer.com/files/ASU%20volume-%2006CHAP02_JUERGENSMEYER.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Outside of India ==
Operation Blue Star and its violent aftermaths popularised the demand for Khalistan among many Sikhs dispersed globally.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=136}} Involvement of sections of Sikh diaspora turned out to be important for the movement as it provided the diplomatic and financial support. It also enabled Pakistan to become involved in the fuelling of the movement. Sikhs in UK, Canada and USA arranged for cadres to travel to Pakistan for military and financial assistance. Some Sikh groups abroad even declared themselves as the Khalistani government in exile.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=128}}

Sikh places of worship, gurdwaras, provided the geographic and institutional coordination for the Sikh community. Sikh political factions have used the gurdwaras as a forum for political organisation. The gurdwaras sometimes served as the site for mobilisation of diaspora for Khalistan movement directly by raising funds. Indirect mobilisation was sometimes provided by promoting a stylised version of conflict and Sikh history. The rooms in some gurdwara exhibit pictures of Khalistani leaders along with paintings of martyrs from Sikh history.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=132}}

Gurdwaras also host speakers and musical groups that promote and encourage the movement. Among the diasporas, Khalistan issue has been a divisive issue within gurdwaras. These factions have fought over the control of gurdwaras and their political and financial resources. The fights between pro and anti-Khalistan factions over gurdwaras often included violent acts and bloodshed as reported from UK and North America. The gurdwaras with Khalistani leadership allegedly funnel the collected funds into activities supporting the movement.{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=132}}

Different groups of Sikhs in the diaspora organise the convention of international meetings to facilitate communication and establish organisational order. In April 1981 the first "International Convention of Sikhs," was held in New York and was attended by some 200 delegates. In April 1987 the third convention was held in Slough, Berkshire where the Khalistan issue was addressed. This meeting's objective was to "build unity in the Khalistan movement."{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=132}}

All these factors further strengthened the emerging nationalism among Sikhs. Sikh organisations launched many fund-raising efforts that were used for several purposes. After 1984 one of the objectives was the promotion of the Sikh version of "ethnonational history" and the relationship with the Indian state. The Sikh diaspora also increased their efforts to build institutions to maintain and propagate their ethnonational heritage. A major objective of these educational efforts was to publicise a different face to the non-Sikh international community who regarded the Sikhs as "terrorists".{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=137}}

In 1993, Khalistan was briefly admitted in the [[Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization]], but was suspended in a few months. The membership suspension was made permanent on 22 January 1995.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Downing|first1=John D. H.|title=Encyclopedia of Social Movement Media|date=2011|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OSkKAOoaSGIC|page=290|publisher=Sage|isbn=978-0-7619-2688-7|access-date=25 October 2018|archive-date=30 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072135/https://books.google.com/books?id=OSkKAOoaSGIC|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Simmons |first1=Mary Kate |title=Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization: yearbook |publisher=Martinus Nijhoff Publishers |isbn=978-90-411-0223-2 |page=187 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rWB3Bv3vuyMC&q=Khalistan%20Unrepresented%20Nations%20and%20Peoples%20Organisation&pg=PA187 |year=1998 |access-date=5 October 2020 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072134/https://books.google.com/books?id=rWB3Bv3vuyMC&q=Khalistan%20Unrepresented%20Nations%20and%20Peoples%20Organisation&pg=PA187 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Edward T.G. Anderson, an associate professor in history, describes the Khalistan movement outside India as follows:<ref>{{Cite book |last=Anderson |first=Edward T. G. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JEHyEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA333 |title=Hindu Nationalism in the Indian Diaspora: Transnational Politics and British Multiculturalism |date=1 January 2024 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-778328-3 |pages=333 |language=en}}</ref>{{blockquote|text=One example is the Khalistan movement, a separatist struggle for Sikh self-determination in Punjab, which in the diaspora has manifested in highly conspicuous and provocative protests, pugnacious rhetoric, violent tensions between different South Asian communities, and 'long-distance' support for militant secessionists.|author=Edward T.G. Anderson|title=''Hindu Nationalism in the Indian Diaspora'' |source=Oxford University Press (2024)}}

===Pakistan===
Pakistan has long aspired to dismember India through its ''[[Bleed India with a Thousand Cuts|Bleed India]]'' strategy. Even before the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]], [[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]], then a member of the military regime of General [[Yahya Khan]], stated, "Once the back of Indian forces is broken in the east, Pakistan should occupy the whole of Eastern India and make it a permanent part of East Pakistan.... Kashmir should be taken at any price, even the Sikh Punjab and turned into Khalistan."{{sfnp|Behera, Demystifying Kashmir|2007|pp=87–88}}

The Sikh separatist leader [[Jagjit Singh Chohan]] said that during his talks with [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Pakistani prime minister]] that [[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]] affirmed "we'll help you and make it the capital of Khalistan"; Bhutto wanted revenge over Bangladesh.<ref name="ChohanIT"/>

General [[Zia-ul Haq]], who succeeded Bhutto as the Head of State, attempted to reverse the traditional antipathy between Sikhs and Muslims arising from the [[Partition of India|partition violence]] by restoring Sikh shrines in Pakistan and opening them for Sikh pilgrimage. The expatriate Sikhs from England and North America that visited these shrines were at the forefront of the calls for Khalistan. During the pilgrims' stay in Pakistan, the Sikhs were exposed to Khalistani propaganda, which would not be openly possible in India.{{sfnp|Haqqani, Pakistan Between the Mosque and Military|2010|pp=270–271}}{{sfnp|Sirrs, Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate|2016|p=167}}{{sfnp|Fair, Diaspora Involvement in Insurgencies|2005|p=133}}

The ISI chief, General Abdul Rahman, opened a cell within ISI with the objective of supporting the "[Sikhs']...freedom struggle against India". Rahman's colleagues in ISI took pride in the fact that "the Sikhs were able to set the whole province on fire. They knew who to kill, where to plant a bomb and which office to target." General Hamid Gul argued that keeping Punjab destabilised was equivalent to the Pakistan Army having an extra division at no cost. Zia-ul Haq, on the other hand, consistently practised the art of plausible denial.{{sfnp|Haqqani, Pakistan Between the Mosque and Military|2010|pp=270–271}}{{sfnp|Sirrs, Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence Directorate|2016|p=167}} The Khalistan movement was brought to a decline only after India fenced off a part of the Punjab border with Pakistan and the [[Benazir Bhutto]] government agreed to joint patrols of the border by Indian and Pakistani troops.{{sfnp|Haqqani, Pakistan Between the Mosque and Military|2010|p=272}}

In 2006, an American court convicted Khalid Awan, a Muslim and Canadian of Pakistani descent, of "supporting terrorism" by providing money and financial services to the Khalistan Commando Force chief Paramjit Singh Panjwar in Pakistan.<ref name="KCFconvict">{{cite web |url=https://www.justice.gov/usao/nye/pr/2006/2006Dec20.html |title=U.S. Court Convicts Khalid Awan for Supporting Khalistan Commando Force |date=20 December 2006 |publisher=The United States Attorney's Office |access-date=26 December 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120115092626/http://www.justice.gov/usao/nye/pr/2006/2006Dec20.html |archive-date=15 January 2012 }}</ref> KCF members had carried out deadly attacks against Indian civilians causing thousands of deaths. Awan frequently travelled to Pakistan and was alleged by the US officials to have links to Sikh and Muslim extremists, as well as Pakistani intelligence.<ref name="theglobeandmail">{{cite news |title=Canadian gets 14 years for funding terrorists |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/canadian-gets-14-years-for-funding-terrorists/article693461/ |newspaper=The Globe and Mail |date=13 September 2007 |access-date=5 October 2018 |archive-date=24 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924210508/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/canadian-gets-14-years-for-funding-terrorists/article693461/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2008, India's [[Intelligence Bureau (India)|Intelligence Bureau]] indicated that Pakistan's [[Inter-Services Intelligence]] organisation was trying to revive Sikh militancy.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2008/jun/10vicky.htm |title=200 Pak organisations raise funds for terror: IB |last=Nanjappa |first=Vicky |date=10 June 2008 |work=Rediff.com |access-date=26 December 2011 |archive-date=22 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210722112257/https://www.rediff.com/news/2008/jun/10vicky.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== United States ===
''[[The New York Times]]'' reported in June 1984 that Indian Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]] conveyed to [[Helmut Schmidt]] and [[Willy Brandt]], both of them being former Chancellors of [[West Germany]], that United States' [[Central Intelligence Agency]] (CIA) was involved in causing unrest in Punjab. It also reported that ''[[The Indian Express]]'' quoted anonymous officials from India's intelligence establishment as saying that the CIA "masterminded" a plan to support the acolytes of [[Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale]], who died during Operation Blue Star, by smuggling weapons for them through Pakistan.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/06/16/world/india-talks-of-cia-role-in-unrest.html|title=India Talks of C.I.A. Role in Unrest|last=Markham|first=James M.|date=16 June 1984|work=The New York Times|access-date=28 November 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=28 November 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128122755/https://www.nytimes.com/1984/06/16/world/india-talks-of-cia-role-in-unrest.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The United States embassy denied this report's findings.<ref name=":0" />

According to [[B. Raman]], former Additional Secretary in the [[Cabinet Secretariat (India)|Cabinet Secretariat]] of India and a senior official of the [[Research and Analysis Wing]], the United States initiated a plan in complicity with Pakistan's General [[Yahya Khan]] in 1971 to support an insurgency for Khalistan in Punjab.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/CIA-ISI-encouraged-Sikh-terrorism/articleshow/2235406.cms|title=CIA, ISI encouraged Sikh terrorism|date=26 July 2007|agency=[[Press Trust of India]]|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=28 November 2019|archive-date=1 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401114744/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/CIA-ISI-encouraged-Sikh-terrorism/articleshow/2235406.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/us-pak-isi-had-a-hand-in-punjab-militancy-book/story-kBFu6v3LLWKjrnOYUqP2MO.html|title=US, Pak ISI had a hand in Punjab militancy: Book|date=26 July 2007|website=[[Hindustan Times]]|language=en|access-date=1 December 2019|archive-date=6 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206105400/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/us-pak-isi-had-a-hand-in-punjab-militancy-book/story-kBFu6v3LLWKjrnOYUqP2MO.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2023, the United States alleged a plot by the Indian government to assassinate the New York–based Sikh separatist [[Gurpatwant Singh Pannun]], a spokesperson for the pro-Khalistan group [[Sikhs for Justice]]. On 29 November 2023, an Indian government employee was the target of an indictment in New York for their alleged role in the assassination plot.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Nakashima |first1= Ellen |last2=Shih |first2= Gerry |last3=Amanda |first3= Coletta |date= 29 November 2023 |title= U.S. prosecutors allege assassination plot of Sikh separatist directed by Indian government employee |url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2023/11/29/india-us-assassination-plot-sikh-pannun/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=29 November 2023}}</ref>

===Canada===
[[File:Video of a Khalistan flag at Gurdwara Sri Guru Nanak Sikh Centre Brampton in Brampton, Ontario, Canada, 23 February 2026.webm|thumb|Video of a Khalistan flag at Gurdwara Sri Guru Nanak Sikh Centre Brampton in Brampton, Ontario, Canada, 23 February 2026]]
Immediately after Operation Blue Star, authorities were unprepared for how quickly extremism spread and gained support in Canada, with extremists "...threatening to kill thousands of Hindus by a number of means, including blowing up Air India flights."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.expressindia.com/news/fullstory.php?newsid=86965 |title=Sikh extremism spread fast in Canada |date=23 May 2007 |publisher=expressindia.com |access-date=26 December 2011 |archive-date=14 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014231319/http://www.expressindia.com/news/fullstory.php?newsid=86965 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://ia.rediff.com/news/2007/may/23ai1.htm |title=Sikh extremism in Canada mushroomed very quickly |date=23 May 2007 |work=rediff.com |access-date=26 December 2011 |archive-date=28 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120328234650/http://ia.rediff.com/news/2007/may/23ai1.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> Canadian [[Member of Parliament]] [[Ujjal Dosanjh]], a moderate Sikh, stated that he and others who spoke out against Sikh extremism in the 1980s faced a "reign of terror".<ref name="THESTAR">{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/article/278833 |title=The reign of terror is still there |last=Brown |first=Jim |date=22 November 2007 |work=[[Toronto Star]] |access-date=2 September 2017 |archive-date=12 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121012001721/http://www.thestar.com/article/278833 |url-status=live }}</ref>

On 18 November 1998, the Canada-based Sikh journalist [[Tara Singh Hayer]] was gunned down by suspected Khalistani militants. The publisher of the ''Indo-Canadian Times'', a Canadian Sikh and once-vocal advocate of the armed struggle for Khalistan, he had criticised the bombing of [[Air India Flight 182]], and was to testify about a conversation he overheard concerning the bombing.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://network.nationalpost.com/np/blogs/fullcomment/archive/2008/11/17/a-true-sikh-martyr-jonathan-kay-on-the-10th-anniversary-of-the-assassination-of-tara-singh-hayer.aspx |title=A true Sikh martyr: Jonathan Kay on the 10th anniversary of the assassination of Tara Singh Hayer |last=Kay |first=Jonathan |date=17 November 2008 |work=The National Post |access-date=7 June 2009 }}{{dead link|date=October 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref name=lofbook>{{Cite book |last=Bolan |first=Kim |title=Loss of Faith: How the Air-India Bombers Got Away With Murder |publisher=McClelland & Stewart |date=2006 |edition=Paperback |at=p. 388 (Chapters 6 and 7) |isbn=978-0-7710-1131-3}}</ref> On 24 January 1995,<ref name=sikhtimesBK>{{cite news |url=http://www.sikhtimes.com/news_121403a.html |title=Testimony: Babbar Khalsa Ordered Tara Singh Hayer Slaying |date=14 December 2003 |publisher=CanWest News Service |access-date=26 December 2011 |archive-date=28 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928230802/http://www.sikhtimes.com/news_121403a.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Tarsem Singh Purewal, editor of Britain's Punjabi-language weekly ''Des Pardes'', was killed as he was closing his office in [[Southall]]. There is speculation that the murder was related to Sikh extremism, which Purewal may have been investigating. Another theory is that he was killed in retaliation for revealing the identity of a young rape victim.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/748866.stm |title=Call for end to Sikh murder mystery |last=Summers |first=Chris |date=2 June 2000 |publisher=BBC News |access-date=26 December 2011 |archive-date=12 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112015905/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/748866.stm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/4354435.stm |title=Call for police to solve Sikh murder |last=Summers |first=Chris |date=17 March 2005 |publisher=BBC News |access-date=26 December 2011 |archive-date=7 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100507180120/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/4354435.stm |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Terry Milewski]] reported in a 2007 documentary for the CBC that a minority within Canada's Sikh community was gaining political influence even while publicly supporting terrorist acts in the struggle for an independent Sikh state.<ref name="cbcca-extremism" /> In response, the [[World Sikh Organization of Canada]] (WSO), a Canadian Sikh human rights group that opposes violence and extremism,<ref name="WSO website">{{cite web |url=http://www.worldsikh.ca/ |title=Netfirms | This site is temporarily unavailable |publisher=Worldsikh.ca |access-date=27 September 2015 |archive-date=1 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120101222809/http://worldsikh.ca/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> sued the CBC for "defamation, slander, and libel", alleging that Milewski linked it to terrorism and damaged the reputation of the WSO within the Sikh community.<ref name="WSOsuesCBC">{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/2007/07/11/sikh_organization_sues_cbc.html |title=Sikh organization sues CBC |last=Grewal |first=San |work=Toronto Star |date=11 July 2007 |access-date=27 January 2020 |archive-date=27 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200127002733/https://www.thestar.com/news/2007/07/11/sikh_organization_sues_cbc.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2015, however, the WSO unconditionally abandoned "any and all claims" made in its lawsuit.

Canadian journalist [[Kim Bolan]] has written extensively on Sikh extremism. Speaking at the [[Fraser Institute]] in 2007, she reported that she still received death threats over her coverage of the 1985 Air India bombing.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/World/Rest_of_World/Canadian_journalist_hits_out_at_Sikh_extremism/articleshow/2164926.cms |title=Canadian journalist hits out at Sikh extremism |date=1 July 2007 |work=The Times of India }}{{Dead link |date=September 2013 |bot=RjwilmsiBot}}</ref>

In 2008, a CBC report stated that "a disturbing brand of extremist politics has surfaced" at some of the Sikh [[Vaisakhi]] parades in Canada,<ref name="cbcca-extremism"/> and The Trumpet agreed that "Sikh terrorism" has entered in Canadian politics.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thetrumpet.com/?q=3980.2206.0.0 |title=Sikh Terrorism Enters Politics in Canada |last=Morley |first=Robert |publisher=The Trumpet |access-date=25 May 2009 |archive-date=2 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110602025537/http://www.thetrumpet.com/?q=3980.2206.0.0 |url-status=live }}</ref> Two leading Canadian Sikh politicians refused to attend the parade in [[Surrey, British Columbia|Surrey]], saying it was a glorification of terrorism.<ref name="cbcca-extremism"/> In 2008, Dr. [[Manmohan Singh]], Prime Minister of India, expressed his concern that there might be a resurgence of Sikh extremism.<ref name="RNWSikhExt">{{cite news |url=http://www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/region/asiapacific/080306-india-sikh-extremism |title=India PM warns against renewed Sikh extremism |last=Thorne |first=Barry |date=6 March 2008 |publisher=Radio Netherlands Worldwide |archive-url=https://archive.today/20080310231437/http://www.radionetherlands.nl/currentaffairs/region/asiapacific/080306-india-sikh-extremism |archive-date=10 March 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="KBresurgent">{{cite news |url=http://www2.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=2be0865c-29ba-4dab-9bcc-d945e75007c1 |title=Sikh separatist threat on rise in Canada: Indian PM warns of resurgent threat in Canada |last=Bolan |first=Kim |date=11 March 2008 |newspaper=Vancouver Sun |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112020313/http://www2.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=2be0865c-29ba-4dab-9bcc-d945e75007c1 |archive-date=12 November 2013}}</ref>

There has been some controversy over Canada's response to the Khalistan movement. After Amarinder Singh's refusal to meet [[Canadian Prime Minister]] [[Justin Trudeau]] in 2017, calling him a "Khalistani sympathiser", Singh ultimately met with Trudeau on 22 February 2018 over the issue.<ref>{{cite news |title=Amarinder Singh meets Justin Trudeau and Canada's 'Khalistani sympathiser' minister |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/amarinder-singh-meets-justin-trudeau-and-canadas-defence-minister-khalistani-sympathiser-harjit-sajjan/articleshow/63012999.cms |website=The Times of India |date=21 February 2018 |access-date=8 June 2018 |archive-date=11 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181011120721/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/amarinder-singh-meets-justin-trudeau-and-canadas-defence-minister-khalistani-sympathiser-harjit-sajjan/articleshow/63012999.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> Trudeau assured Singh that his country would not support the revival of the separatist movement.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Singh |first1=Surjit |last2=Sharma |first2=Anil |title=Khalistan figures in Trudeau-Amarinder talks, Punjab CM hands over list of 9 Canada-based radicals |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/amarinder-singh-raises-khalistan-issue-in-talks-with-justin-trudeau/story-gHiDSlJZky04rWRyWr4cSJ.html |website=Hindustan Times |date=21 February 2018 |access-date=8 June 2018 |archive-date=12 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612144851/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/amarinder-singh-raises-khalistan-issue-in-talks-with-justin-trudeau/story-gHiDSlJZky04rWRyWr4cSJ.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="india-canada-list"/><ref>{{cite web|last1=Connolly|first1=Amanda|title=Jagmeet Singh defends speaking at Sikh separatist rally in 2015|url=https://globalnews.ca/news/4083047/jagmeet-singh-sikh-separatist-rally/|website=Global News|access-date=22 May 2018|archive-date=23 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180523104818/https://globalnews.ca/news/4083047/jagmeet-singh-sikh-separatist-rally/|url-status=live}}</ref> Shiromani Akali Dal President Sukhbir Badal was quoted saying Khalistan is "no issue, either in Canada or in Punjab".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/khalistan-no-issue-either-in-canada-or-punjab-sukhbir/story-BnMycPea65L76wdMStQjMP.html|title=Khalistan no issue either in Canada or Punjab, says Sukhbir Badal|date=23 February 2018|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|access-date=11 March 2018|archive-date=11 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311141558/https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/khalistan-no-issue-either-in-canada-or-punjab-sukhbir/story-BnMycPea65L76wdMStQjMP.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

A 2020 report by Canadian ex-journalist [[Terry Milewski]] criticised the Khalistan movement as driven by the Pakistani government, and as a threat to Canadian interests.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Milewski|first=Terry|date=September 2020|title=Khalistan: A project of Pakistan|url=https://macdonaldlaurier.ca/files/pdf/20200820_Khalistan_Air_India_Milewski_PAPER_FWeb.pdf|publisher=Macdonald-Laurier Institute|access-date=4 February 2021|archive-date=19 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201219020545/https://macdonaldlaurier.ca/files/pdf/20200820_Khalistan_Air_India_Milewski_PAPER_FWeb.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

In September 2023, while speaking to the [[House of Commons of Canada|Canadian parliament]], Justin Trudeau accused India of being involved in the slaying of [[Hardeep Singh Nijjar]], a prominent advocate of the Khalistan separatist movement who had been killed by masked gunmen in Surrey, British Columbia.<ref name="apnews2023">{{cite news |last=Pathi |first=Krutika |date=19 September 2023 |title=India expels Canadian diplomat, escalating tensions after Trudeau accuses India in Sikh's killing |url=https://apnews.com/article/canada-india-sikh-diplomat-trudeau-modi-3c5572d9027769ea6adbd047ec6f462a |work=AP News |access-date=19 September 2023 |archive-date=19 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230919215637/https://apnews.com/article/canada-india-sikh-diplomat-trudeau-modi-3c5572d9027769ea6adbd047ec6f462a |url-status=live }}</ref> Although Nijjar had been accused by India of having links to terrorism, India denied any involvement in his death. A subsequent [[Canada-India diplomatic row|diplomatic row]] followed, with both countries expelling multiple diplomatic staff in 2023 and 2024.<ref name="apnews2023"/><ref>{{Cite web |author= |date=14 October 2024 |title=Canada and India each expel six diplomats amid murder investigation of Sikh activist in B.C. |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/canada-and-india-each-expel-six-diplomats-amid-murder-investigation-of-sikh-activist-in-b/article_d17db700-8a4b-11ef-bc06-3b4aeb86095c.html |access-date=27 November 2024 |website=Toronto Star |language=en}}</ref> Canada has not shared evidence of Indian involvement in the killing of Nijar, citing the need to protect sensitive intelligence sources and methods.<ref>{{Cite news |date=18 September 2023 |title=Trudeau accuses India in killing of Sikh leader on Canadian soil |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-canadian-authorities-have-intelligence-that-india-was-behind-slaying/ |access-date=5 November 2024 |work=The Globe and Mail |language=en-CA}}</ref><ref name="apnews2023"/>

In March 2026, [[Nancy Grewal]], a Canadian Sikh social media influencer who was a critic of Khalistan extremism, was fatally stabbed in [[LaSalle, Ontario]].<ref name ="CBC-Mar-10">{{Cite news |date=10 March 2026 |title=Sister of Sikh influencer killed outside LaSalle, Ont., home says she was kind-hearted | url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/windsor/nancy-grewal-sister-speaks-about-influencer-s-killing-9.7121317 |access-date= 10 March 2026 |work= CBC |language=en-CA}}</ref><ref name ="CBC-Mar-6">{{Cite news |date=6 March 2026 |title=Slain Windsor woman expressed fears to CBC News days before she died She spoke of death threats and arson at her home | url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/windsor/windsor-nancy-grewal-homicide-cbc-interview-9.7118575 |access-date= 11 March 2026 |work= CBC |language=en-CA}}</ref><ref name ="Tribune-Mar-7">{{Cite news |date=7 March 2026 |title=Nancy Grewal death: Who killed the Sikh influencer in Canada | url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/diaspora/nancy-grewal-death-who-killed-the-sikh-influencer-in-canada/ |access-date= 11 March 2026 |work= CBC |language=en-CA}}</ref> A week before her murder, Nancy had spoken to CBC, telling them that she was receiving death threats for speaking out against the Khalistan movement.<ref name ="CBC-Mar-10"/><ref name ="CBC-Mar-6"/> A social media account promoting Khalistani extremism claimed responsibility for her stabbing.<ref name ="CBC-Mar-5">{{Cite news |date=5 March 2026 |title=Social media account touting Khalistani extremism claims responsibility for death of Windsor, Ont., woman | url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/windsor/windsor-lasalle-homicide-9.7116485 |access-date= 11 March 2026 |work= CBC|language=en-CA}}</ref><ref name ="Tribune-Mar-7"/>

===United Kingdom===

In February 2008, [[BBC Radio 4]] reported that the Chief of the Punjab Police, NPS Aulakh, alleged that militant groups were receiving money from the British Sikh community.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/file_on_4/7263211.stm|title=Sikh separatists 'funded from UK'|date=4 March 2008|publisher=BBC News|access-date=26 December 2011|archive-date=26 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326235251/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/file_on_4/7263211.stm|url-status=live}}</ref> The same report included statements that although the Sikh militant groups were poorly equipped and staffed, intelligence reports and interrogations indicated that Babbar Khalsa was sending its recruits to the same [[terrorist training camp]]s in Pakistan used by [[Al Qaeda]].<ref name="2008FebFileon4">{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/bsp/hi/pdfs/26_02_08_fo4_sikh.pdf|title=TRANSCRIPT OF "FILE ON 4"- 'SIKH GROUPS'|last=Bassey|first=Amardeep|date=26 February 2008|publisher=BBC News|page=20|access-date=26 December 2011|archive-date=15 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220215004913/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/bsp/hi/pdfs/26_02_08_fo4_sikh.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Steve Bassam, Baron Bassam of Brighton|Lord Bassam of Brighton]], then [[Home Office]] minister, stated that [[International Sikh Youth Federation]] (ISYF) members working from the UK had committed "assassinations, bombings, and kidnappings" and were a "threat to national security."<ref name="ISYFlink" />
The ISYF is listed in the UK as a "Proscribed Terrorist Group"<ref name="UKBKlisting" /> but it has not been included in the list of terrorist organisations by the United States Department of State.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/other/des/123085.htm|title=Foreign Terrorist Organizations|publisher = [[U. S. Department of State]]|date=8 April 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090513211359/http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/other/des/123085.htm |archive-date=13 May 2009 }}</ref> It was also added to the [[US Treasury Department]] terrorism list on 27 June 2002.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Programs/Documents/terror.txt|title=Terrorism: What You Need To Know About U.S. Sanctions|publisher=U.S. Department of Treasury|access-date=24 May 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020195749/http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Programs/Documents/terror.txt|archive-date=20 October 2011}}</ref>

[[Andrew Gilligan]], reporting for the ''[[London Evening Standard]]'', stated that the [[Sikh Federation (UK)]] is the "successor" of the ISYF, and that its executive committee, objectives, and senior members ... are largely the same.<ref name="ISYFlink">{{cite news|url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-mayor/article-23479477-details/Ken%27s+adviser+is+linked+to+terror+group/article.do|title=Ken's adviser is linked to terror group|last=Gilligan|first=Andrew|date=21 April 2008|work=London Evening Standard|access-date=26 May 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090612112108/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard-mayor/article-23479477-details/Ken%27s+adviser+is+linked+to+terror+group/article.do|archive-date=12 June 2009}}</ref><ref name="martyrboard">{{cite news|url=http://www.esadvertising.co.uk/media/images/mayor169_5330.pdf |title=Sikh civil servant who backs 'martyr' is now on TfL board |last=Gilligan |first=Andrew |date=21 April 2008 |work=Evening Standard|location=London |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090617104652/http://www.esadvertising.co.uk/media/images/mayor169_5330.pdf |archive-date=17 June 2009 }}</ref>
The ''[[Vancouver Sun]]'' reported in February 2008 that [[Dabinderjit Singh]] was campaigning to have both the Babbar Khalsa and International Sikh Youth Federation de-listed as terrorist organisations.<ref name="delistingeffort">{{cite news|url=http://www2.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=17e39f37-c322-40a7-8b13-e37c29e40881|title=Sikh leader solicits support|last=Bolan|first=Kim|date=18 February 2008|newspaper=Vancouver Sun|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090603194134/http://www2.canada.com/vancouversun/news/story.html?id=17e39f37-c322-40a7-8b13-e37c29e40881|archive-date=3 June 2009}}</ref> It also stated of Public Safety Minister [[Stockwell Day]] that "he has not been approached by anyone lobbying to delist the banned groups". Day is also quoted as saying "The decision to list organisations such as Babbar Khalsa, Babbar Khalsa International, and the International Sikh Youth Federation as terrorist entities under the Criminal Code is intended to protect Canada and Canadians from terrorism."<ref name="delistingeffort"/> There are claims of funding from [[Sikh diaspora|Sikhs outside India]] to attract young people into these pro-Khalistan militant groups.<ref name="BBC_foreignFund">{{cite news |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/file_on_4/7263211.stm |title=Sikh separatists 'funded from UK' |publisher=BBC |date=4 March 2008 |access-date=24 April 2008 |archive-date=14 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211214144456/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/file_on_4/7263211.stm |url-status=live }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Khalsa]]
* [[Kharku]]
* [[Sikhism in India]]
* [[Sikhs for Justice]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

==References==

=== Citations ===
{{Reflist}}

===Bibliography===
{{refbegin|30em}}
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{{refend}}

==Further reading==
=== Primary sources ===
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book |last=Gill |first=Kanwar Pal Singh |author-link=Kanwar Pal Singh Gill |title=Punjab, the Knights of Falsehood |url=http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/publication/nightsoffalsehood/falsehood4.htm |year=1997 |publisher=Har-Anand Publications |access-date=20 January 2019 |archive-date=14 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171014135815/http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/publication/nightsoffalsehood/falsehood4.htm |url-status=live}}
* Julio Ribeiro. ''Bullet for Bullet: My Life as a Police Officer.'' New Delhi: Penguin Books, 1999.
* [http://www.sikhtimes.com/news_061605a.html The Ghost of Khalistan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204053015/http://www.sikhtimes.com/news_061605a.html |date=4 December 2018 }} – ''Sikh Times''
* {{citation |title=The Punjab Mass Cremations Case: India Burning the Rule of Law |url=http://www.ensaaf.org/publications/reports/cremations.pdf |date=January 2007 |publisher=Ensaaf |access-date=23 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717045932/http://www.ensaaf.org/publications/reports/cremations.pdf |archive-date=17 July 2011 |url-status=dead}}
* {{citation |last1=Kaur |first1=Jaskaran |first2=Sukhman |last2=Dhami |url=https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/india1007webwcover.pdf |date=October 2007 |title=Protecting the Killers: A Policy of Impunity in Punjab, India |publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]] |location=New York |volume=19 |issue=14 |access-date=4 December 2016 |archive-date=5 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305140817/https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/india1007webwcover.pdf |url-status=live}}
* Ram Narayan Kumar ''et al.'' ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20060705030307/http://www.punjabjustice.org/report/report.htm Reduced to Ashes: The Insurgency and Human Rights in Punjab].'' [[South Asia Forum for Human Rights]], 2003.
* {{citation |last1=Lewis |first1=Mie |last2=Kaur |first2=Jaskaran |title=Punjab Police: Fabricating Terrorism Through Illegal Detention and Torture |url=http://www.ensaaf.org/publications/reports/fabricatingterrorism/fabricatingterrorism.pdf |date=5 October 2005 |publisher=Ensaaf |location=Santa Clara |access-date=23 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717045959/http://www.ensaaf.org/publications/reports/fabricatingterrorism/fabricatingterrorism.pdf |archive-date=17 July 2011 |url-status=dead}}
* {{citation |last1=Silva |first1=Romesh |last2=Marwaha |first2=Jasmine |last3=Klingner |first3=Jeff |title=Violent Deaths and Enforced Disappearances During the Counterinsurgency in Punjab, India: A Preliminary Quantitative Analysis |url=http://www.ensaaf.org/publications/reports/descriptiveanalysis/reportwcover.pdf |date=26 January 2009 |publisher=Ensaaf and the Benetech Human Rights Data Analysis Group (HRDAG) |location=Palo Alto |access-date=23 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717050107/http://www.ensaaf.org/publications/reports/descriptiveanalysis/reportwcover.pdf |archive-date=17 July 2011 |url-status=dead}}
* {{cite web |first=Parvinder |last=Singh |url=http://www.ensaaf.org/pdf/reports/kristallnacht.pdf |title=1984 Sikhs Kristallnacht |year=2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726032411/http://www.ensaaf.org/pdf/reports/kristallnacht.pdf |archive-date=26 July 2011 |url-status=dead}}
{{refend}}

=== Secondary sources ===
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{citation |first=Paul R. |last=Brass |title=Language, Religion and Politics in North India |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1974 |isbn=978-0-595-34394-2}}
* Harjinder Singh Dilgeer.'' "Sikh History"'' in 10 volumes (volumes 7, 8, 9). Waremme, Belgium: Sikh University Press, 2010–11.
* Harjinder Singh Dilgeer. ''"Akal Takht: Concept and Role".'' Waremme, Belgium: Sikh University Press, 2011.
* Satish Jacob and Mark Tully. ''Amritsar: Mrs Gandhi's Last Battle.'' {{ISBN|0-224-02328-4}}.
* Cynthia Keppley Mahmood. ''A Sea of Orange: Writings on the Sikhs and India.'' Xlibris Corporation, {{ISBN |1-4010-2857-8}}{{Self-published inline |certain=yes |date=December 2017}}
* Ranbir Singh Sandhu. ''Struggle for Justice: Speeches and Conversations of Sant Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale.'' Ohio: SERF, 1999.
* Anurag Singh. ''Giani Kirpal Singh's Eye-Witness Account of Operation Bluestar.'' 1999.
* {{citation |last1=Razavy |first1=Maryam |title=Sikh Militant Movements in Canada |journal=Terrorism and Political Violence |date=2006 |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=79–93 |doi=10.1080/09546550500174913 |s2cid=145522554}}
* {{citation |first=Gopal |last=Singh |title=South Asia: democracy, discontent and societal conflicts |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=glH_Ir0Lr8oC&pg=PA278 |date=1998 |publisher=Anamika Pub. |isbn=978-81-86565-31-5 |page=278}}
* {{citation |last=Singh |first=Gurmit |title=History of Sikh Struggles: (1946-1966) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m-u8jwEACAAJ |year=1989 |publisher=South Asia Books |isbn=978-0-8364-5889-3 |pages=110–111 |access-date=24 December 2018 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072106/https://books.google.com/books?id=m-u8jwEACAAJ |url-status=live}}
* {{citation |last=Singh |first=Iqbal |title=Punjab Under Siege: A Critical Analysis |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ir4wOAAACAAJ |year=1986 |publisher=Allen, McMillan, and Enderson |isbn=978-0-934839-04-4 |page=38 |access-date=24 December 2018 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072107/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ir4wOAAACAAJ |url-status=live}}
* {{citation |last=Singh |first=Patwant |title=The Sikhs |publisher=John Murray |year=1999 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=27XYeylUzWwC |ref={{sfnref |Patwant Singh |1999}} |isbn=978-0-307-42933-9 |access-date=24 December 2018 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072118/https://books.google.com/books?id=27XYeylUzWwC |url-status=live}}
* {{citation |first=Pritam |last=Singh |title=Political economy of the Punjab: an insider's account |year=1997 |publisher=M.D. Publications |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tr6hyylx0-4C |isbn=978-81-7533-031-3 |ref={{sfnref |Pritam Singh |1997}} |access-date=24 December 2018 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072120/https://books.google.com/books?id=tr6hyylx0-4C |url-status=live}}
* {{citation |last1=Singh |first1=Pritam |title=Federalism, Nationalism and Development: India and the Punjab Economy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lQpswqcdDLIC&pg=PA137 |year=2008 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-04946-2 |pages=137– |ref={{sfnref |Pritam Singh, Federalism, Nationalism and Development |2008}} |access-date=24 December 2018 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072122/https://books.google.com/books?id=lQpswqcdDLIC&pg=PA137 |url-status=live}}
* {{citation |last=Singh |first=Sangat |title=The Sikhs in History |year=1995 |publisher=S. Singh |location=New York |ref={{sfnref |Sangah Singh |1995}}}}
* {{citation |last=Singh |first=Satinder |title=Khalistan: An Academic Analysis |publisher=Amar Prakashan |year=1982 |location=Delhi & Punjab |page=114}}
* {{citation |last=Sharma |first=Sadhna |title=State Politics in India |year=1995 |publisher=Mittal Publications |location=New Delhi |page=324}}
{{refend}}

=== Other sources ===
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{citation |last=Deol |first=Harnik |title=Religion and Nationalism in India: The case of the Punjab |year=2000 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-20108-7 |ref={{sfnref|Deol, Religion and Nationalism in India|2000}}}}
* {{citation |last1=Ghosh |first1=Srikanta |title=Indian Democracy Derailed – Politics and Politicians |date=1997 |publisher=APH Publishing |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RGyO0E86X1oC&pg=PA95 |ref={{SfnRef|Ghosh, Indian Democracy Derailed|1997}} |isbn=978-81-7024-866-8 |access-date=16 August 2019 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072151/https://books.google.com/books?id=RGyO0E86X1oC&pg=PA95 |url-status=live}}
* {{citation |last1=Nayar |first1=Kuldip |first2=Kushwant |last2=Singh |title=Tragedy of Punjab |publisher=Vision Books |year=1985 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1XBuAAAAMAAJ |isbn=1-85127-069-8 |ref={{sfnref|Nayar & Singh, Tragedy of Punjab|1985}} |access-date=24 December 2018 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072049/https://books.google.com/books?id=1XBuAAAAMAAJ |url-status=live}}
* {{citation |last=Shah |first=Mehtab Ali |title=The Foreign Policy of Pakistan: Ethnic Impacts on Diplomacy 1971–1994 |date=1997 |publisher=I.B.Tauris |isbn=978-1-86064-169-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7czT4fipTyoC |ref={{sfnref|Mehtab Ali Shah, The Foreign Policy of Pakistan|1997}}}}
* {{citation |last1=Shani |first1=Giorgio |title=Beyond Khalistan? Sikh diasporic identity and critical international theory1 |volume=1 |issue=1 |year=2005 |journal=Sikh Formations |pages=57–74 |doi=10.1080/17448720500132565 |s2cid=145300683 |ref={{sfnref|Shani, Beyond Khalistan?|2005}}}}
* {{citation |first=Giorgio |last=Shani |title=Sikh Nationalism and Identity in a Global Age |year=2008 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-42190-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ckd8AgAAQBAJ |access-date=24 December 2018 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072049/https://books.google.com/books?id=ckd8AgAAQBAJ |url-status=live}}
* {{citation |first=Stanley Jeyaraja |last=Tambiah |title=Leveling Crowds: Ethnonationalist conflicts and collective violence in South Asia |year=1996 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-20642-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-WEKZHVKZ-cC |ref={{sfnref|Tambiah, Levelling Crowds|1996}} |access-date=24 December 2018 |archive-date=30 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330072104/https://books.google.com/books?id=-WEKZHVKZ-cC |url-status=live}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline}}

{{Navboxes|list=
{{Khalistan movement}}
{{Sikhism}}
{{Sikh politics}}
{{Religion and politics}}
{{Ethnic nationalism}}
{{Stateless nationalism in Asia}}
{{India separatist movements}}
{{South Asian topics}}
}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Khalistan movement| ]]
[[Category:Nationalism in India]]
[[Category:History of Punjab, India (1947–present)]]
[[Category:Sikh politics]]
[[Category:Religiously motivated violence in India]]
[[Category:Members of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization]]
[[Category:Proposed countries]]

Assam Medical College

2026-03-16T10:48:11Z

Heymfaizanali: small fix

{{Short description|Medical college in Assam, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2017}}
{{Infobox university
| name = Assam Medical College and Hospital
| native_name =
| image = [[File:Assam_Medical_College_Logo.jpg|200px]]
| former_name = Berry White Medical School (1900–1947)
| established = {{start date and age|1900}}
| founder = [[John Berry White]]
| city = [[Barbari, Dibrugarh, Assam]]
| country = India

|coordinates = {{Coord| 27.48756 | 94.94015 |type:edu_region:IN-AS|display=inline,title}}

| campus_type = Urban
| campus_size = {{convert|450|acres}}
| type = [[Government university|Government]] [[medical school]] and [[hospital]]
| affiliations = [[Srimanta Sankaradeva University of Health Sciences]] [[National Medical Commission|NMC]]
| principal = Dr. Sanjeeb Kakati
| website = {{URL|https://amch-dibrugarh.assam.gov.in/}}
| other_name = AMCH
}}

'''Assam Medical College and Hospital''' ('''AMCH'''), formerly Berry White Medical School,<ref name="Telegraph">{{Cite web |last=Dutta |first=Arup Kumar |title = An extraordinary pioneer|url = http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120625/jsp/northeast/story_15653832.jsp#.Vi4QObcrLIU|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180813210313/https://www.telegraphindia.com/1120625/jsp/northeast/story_15653832.jsp |date=25 June 2012 |archive-date=13 August 2018 |website = The Telegraph|access-date = 19 August 2020 |url-status= dead}}</ref> is a [[Public university|government]] [[medical school]] and hospital in [[Dibrugarh, Assam]], India. It was the first medical college in Assam and the whole of [[Northeastern India|Northeast India]]. It is the tertiary medical referral centre for [[upper Assam]] and areas in neighbouring states, including [[Arunachal Pradesh]]. The college has been ranked 62 in the list of government institutes. It has been rated "AAA+" by the [[National Medical Commission]] with a score of 273.5.

The {{convert|450|acre|adj=on}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Campus size|url=https://collegedunia.com/college/10275-assam-medical-college-dibrugarh|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316180816/http://collegedunia.com/college/10275-assam-medical-college-dibrugarh |archive-date=16 March 2016 }}</ref> college offers numerous facilities including sports facilities, canteens, ATMs, and more. The academic facilities include laboratories, libraries, Wi-Fi across the campus, providing internet access through PCs and laptops.

The college offers admission to 200 students each year from 2019. Before 2019, it offered admission to 170 students each year. <ref name="seats_in_amch">{{cite web |url=https://dme.assam.gov.in/sites/default/files/swf_utility_folder/departments/dme_lipl_in_oid_8/menu/information_and_services/1.%20MBBS%20Course_0.pdf |title=MBBS Course Information – Assam Medical College |publisher=Directorate of Medical Education, Assam |access-date=24 May 2025}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Bust of John Berry White at Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh (cropped).jpg|thumb|John Berry White who founded Berry White Medical School in 1900.]]
The college was founded as Berry White Medical School in 1900 with a large donation from Sir [[John Berry White]]. It was renamed Assam Medical College and Hospital on 3 November 1947. 3 November is celebrated as Foundation Day every year by students of the college. The Assam government has preserved the original Berry White Medical School building in Grahambazar, Dibrugarh.<ref name="Telegraph"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Patowary |first1=Ajit |title=Plan to preserve Berry White Medical School building |url=http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=may1712/at08 |website=The Assam Tribune Online |access-date=19 August 2020 |date=17 May 2012 |archive-date=8 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208145026/http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=may1712%2Fat08 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 1910 the college imported two X-ray machines from England, which were the first in India, and opened the country's first radiology department.

On 12 February 2016, the Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare laid the foundation of a 192-bed super-specialty hospital with a 60-bed intensive care unit, a catheterization lab, and specialties in neurology, neurosurgery, cardiothoracic vascular surgery, nephrology, and paediatrics.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Chakraborty |first1=Avik |title=Stone laid for AMCH super-speciality block |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/north-east/stone-laid-for-amch-super-speciality-block/cid/1531090 |website=www.telegraphindia.com |access-date=19 August 2020 |date=13 February 2016}}</ref>

== Courses ==
[[File:Basic Science Building of AMCH.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Basic Science Building]]
The college provides undergraduate and post-graduate education in:

* [[Community Medicine]]
* [[Medicine]]
* [[Nursing]]
* [[Midwifery]]
* [[Pharmacy]]
* [[Orthopaedics]]
* [[Cardiology]]
* [[Otorhinolaryngology]]
* [[General surgery]]
* [[Anatomy]]
* [[Physiology]]
* [[Pathology]]
* [[Biochemistry]]
* [[Ophthalmology]]
* [[Pediatrics]]
* [[Microbiology]]
* [[Obstetrics]] and [[Gynaecology]]
* [[Psychiatry]]
* [[Dentistry]]
* [[Neurology]]
* [[Pharmacology]]
* [[Forensics]]
* [[Anesthesiology]]
* [[Dermatology]]
* [[Plastic Surgery]]
* [[Radiology]]
* [[Physiotherapy]]

==Patient care==
It runs outpatient departments in general medicine, general surgery, orthopaedics, ophthalmology, ENT, head & neck surgery, dermatology, pulmonary medicine, geriatric medicine, obstetrics and gynaecology, dentistry, paediatrics, physiotherapy and psychiatry. Special outpatient departments for rheumatology, diabetes, neurology, nephrology, cardiothoracic and vascular surgery, plastic surgery, paediatric surgery, urology, cardiology, neurosurgery run on specified days of the week. Emergency services run in casualty, paediatric medicine, obstetrics and psychiatry.{{Citation needed|date=December 2024}}

==Notable alumni==


*[[Talimeren Ao]]
*[[Bhumidhar Barman]]
*[[Rathin Datta]]
*[[Upendra Devkota]]
*[[Jitendra Nath Gohain]]
*[[T. M. Lotha]]
*[[Ashis Roy]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://assammedicalcollege.in Official Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120128232228/http://assammedicalcollege.in/ |date=28 January 2012 }}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Affiliates of Srimanta Sankaradeva University of Health Sciences]]
[[Category:Medical colleges in Assam]]
[[Category:Dibrugarh]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges established in 1947]]
[[Category:1947 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Colleges in Assam]]
[[Category:1900 establishments in India]]

{{India-hospital-stub}}
{{Assam-university-stub}}

AppyPie

2026-03-14T05:14:15Z

Heymfaizanali: Creating New Post

{{Short description|Indian technology company}}
{{AI-generated|date=February 2026|reason=since v1; note [[WP:AISIGNS]] in superficial analyses, undue emphasis on existence of coverage, [[WP:AIVOCAB]] typical of 2025 LLMs, etc}}
{{Infobox company
| name = AppyPie
| logo = Appy-Pie-Logo.png
| type = [[Privately held company|Private]]
| industry = Software, No-code development
| founded = {{Start date and age|2016|01|21}} in [[Noida]], India
| founder = Abhinav Girdhar
| hq_location =
| key_people =
| products = App Builder, Website Builder, Automate, Design
| website = {{URL|https://www.appypie.com/}}
}}
'''AppyPie''' is a technology company providing a [[no-code development platform]] that allows users to create [[Mobile app|mobile applications]], websites, [[Chatbot|chatbots]], and automated workflows without traditional programming. It primarily serves small and mid-sized businesses, [[Startup company|startups]], and entrepreneurs, and has been covered in independent media for its role in the no-code software trend.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Appy Pie Introduces Cutting-Edge No-Code AI App Development for Future-Ready Applications |url=https://www.business-standard.com/content/press-releases-ani/appy-pie-introduces-cutting-edge-no-code-ai-app-development-for-future-ready-applications-123121500600_1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231215100404/https://www.business-standard.com/content/press-releases-ani/appy-pie-introduces-cutting-edge-no-code-ai-app-development-for-future-ready-applications-123121500600_1.html |archive-date=2023-12-15 |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=www.business-standard.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

== History ==
AppyPie was founded by Abhinav Girdhar on January 21, 2016, in [[Noida]], India, and promoted itself as enabling non-coders to build mobile apps.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Komando |first=Kim |title=Q&A: See only what you want on Facebook |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/columnist/komando/2015/11/20/q-see-only-what-you-want-facebook/76097304/ |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Abraham |first=Rohan |date=2021-02-13 |title=Appy Pie founder tries to balance work and family life, says no app can replace self-discipline |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/appy-pie-founder-tries-to-balance-work-and-family-life-says-no-app-can-replace-self-discipline/articleshow/80894788.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2025-03-21 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Grubb |first=Jeffrey |date=2014-05-20 |title=Can't code? Who cares — you can publish your own Flappy Bird clone today with Appy Pie's Game Builder |url=https://venturebeat.com/games/cant-code-who-cares-you-can-publish-your-own-flappy-bird-clone-today-with-appy-pies-game-builder/ |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=VentureBeat |language=en-US}}</ref>

In 2017, AppyPie introduced a [[Virtual reality|virtual]] and [[augmented reality]] (VR/AR) app builder targeted at startups and small businesses.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rogers |first=Stewart |date=2017-05-31 |title=Appy Pie launches its VR and AR app builder for startups and small businesses |url=https://venturebeat.com/marketing/appy-pie-launches-its-vr-and-ar-app-builder-for-startups-and-small-businesses/ |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=VentureBeat |language=en-US}}</ref>

In 2018, it expanded its offerings with a no-code website builder, and was featured in [[The Economic Times]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wiggers |first=Kyle |date=2018-08-21 |title=Appy Pie simplifies app development with AI and WYSIWYG tools |url=https://venturebeat.com/ai/appy-pie-simplifies-app-development-with-ai-and-wysiwyg-tools/ |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=VentureBeat |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Abraham |first=Rohan |date=2021-02-13 |title=AppyPie founder tries to balance work and family life, says no app can replace self-discipline |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/appy-pie-founder-tries-to-balance-work-and-family-life-says-no-app-can-replace-self-discipline/articleshow/80894788.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2025-03-21 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref>

In February 2023, Appy Pie launched the AI App Generator.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.business-standard.com/content/press-releases-ani/appy-pie-launches-ai-app-generator-introducing-intelligence-to-its-popular-no-code-platform-123022400866_1.html| title=Appy Pie launches AI App Generator, Introducing intelligence to its popular no-code platform| newspaper=Business-standard.com| date= 2023-02-24| accessdate=2025-11-13}}</ref> Also in 2023, the company launched AppyLM, an alpha version of a [[large language model]] (LLM).<ref>{{cite press release | url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/appy-pie-announces-alpha-launch-of-appylm-revolutionary-large-language-model-for-native-mobile-app-code-generation-301857841.html| title=Appy Pie Announces Alpha Launch of AppyLM: Revolutionary Large Language Model for Native Mobile App Code Generation| accessdate=2025-11-13}}</ref>

In July 2024, the company acquired the platform Appsmakerstore.com, strengthening its portfolio in the no-code field.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.businessmanchester.co.uk/2024/07/23/appy-pie-acquires-appsmakerstore-com-in-major-no-code-app-builder-space-deal/| title=Appy Pie Acquires Appsmakerstore.com In Major No-Code App Builder Space Deal | newspaper=Business Manchester| date= 2024-07-23| accessdate=2025-11-13}}</ref>

In 2025, it launched two multimodal AI models, PixelForge and Vibeo, for text-to-image and text-to-video generation<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-05-28 |title=Appy Pie launches PixelYatra, India’s first Hindi AI design tool |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/appy-pie-launches-pixelyatra-indias-first-hindi-ai-design-tool/articleshow/121468447.cms |access-date=2025-10-08 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Appy Pie Launches New AI Models for Image and Video Generation |url=https://www.gadgets360.com/ai/news/appy-pie-pixelforge-vibeo-ai-models-launch-image-video-generation-8180084 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250711203001/https://www.gadgets360.com/ai/news/appy-pie-pixelforge-vibeo-ai-models-launch-image-video-generation-8180084 |archive-date=2025-07-11 |access-date=2025-10-08 |work=Gadgets 360 |language=en}}</ref> and also introduced PixelYatra, a Hindi-trained generative AI model.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-05-28 |title=Appy Pie launches PixelYatra, India’s first Hindi AI design tool |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/appy-pie-launches-pixelyatra-indias-first-hindi-ai-design-tool/articleshow/121468447.cms |access-date=2025-10-08 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> The company also released Snappy 3.1, an upgraded version of its App Builder.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Africa |first=B. I. |date=2025-08-22 |title=Snappy 3.1: Appy Pie App builder levels up |url=https://africa.businessinsider.com/local/markets/snappy-31-appy-pie-app-builder-levels-up/tt9pe1b |access-date=2025-10-08 |website=Business Insider Africa |language=en}}</ref>

== Criticism and analysis ==
Critics have highlighted potential challenges of no-code platforms regarding complexity and sophistication.{{Citation needed|date=April 2023}} [[The Los Angeles Times]] quoted an industry executive who stated platforms like AppyPie historically "lacked elegance or cost too much," reflecting broader industry discussions about no-code development.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Paresh |first=Dave |date=2014-09-03 |title=With DWNLD, online stars can build apps in moments |url=https://www.latimes.com/business/technology/la-fi-tn-dwnld-app-maker-20140903-story.html |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Review and reception ==
Appy Pie has been extensively featured in media discussions about the no-code movement. [[The Indian Express]] highlighted its AI-driven approach in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-20 |title=AppyPie: Disrupting the App Development Landscape with AI |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/brand-initiative/appy-pie-disrupting-the-app-development-landscape-with-ai-8507584/ |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> Coverage from ''[[VentureBeat]]'',<ref>{{Cite web |last=Naoum |first=Nichole |date=2022-03-30 |title=Betting on AI, VCs back startups as the tech world booms |url=https://venturebeat.com/ai/betting-on-ai-vcs-back-startups-as-the-tech-world-booms/ |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=VentureBeat |language=en-US}}</ref> [[TNW (website)|The Next Web]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ong |first=Josh |date=2013-04-16 |title=AppyPie Launches Its Cloud-Based Mobile App Creation Tool |url=https://thenextweb.com/news/appy-pie-launches-its-cloud-based-mobile-app-creation-tool-with-opentable-and-soundcloud-support |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=TNW {{!}} Insider |language=en}}</ref> ''[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]'',<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ford |first=Paul |title=‘Real’ Programming Is an Elitist Myth |url=https://www.wired.com/story/databases-coding-real-programming-myth/ |access-date=2025-03-21 |work=Wired |language=en-US |issn=1059-1028}}</ref> and [[ZDNET|ZDNet]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Can app development really be as easy as Pie? |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/can-app-development-really-be-as-easy-as-pie/ |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=ZDNET |language=en}}</ref> highlighting its presence within the industry.

''[[TechRadar]]'' noted AppyPie's AI-powered design assistance and multilingual support but criticized its limited customization options and dated templates.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Mukherjee |first=Ritoban |date=2024-05-29 |title=AppyPie website builder review 2024 |url=https://www.techradar.com/reviews/appy-pie-website-builder |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=TechRadar |language=en}}</ref>

[[Mashable]] noted that AppyPie Design allows users to expect a certain level of quality from the content they create with it, and it also put AppyPie above the rest of app builders.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Redactie |first=Door |date=2025-02-04 |title=Best App Builders of 2025: How AppyPie Stands Above the Rest |url=https://nl.mashable.com/apps/10928/best-app-builders-of-2025-how-appy-pie-stands-above-the-rest |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=Mashable Benelux |language=nl}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Redactie |first=Door |date=2023-09-20 |title=Hoe AppyPie's AI-Gestuurde Tools de Grenzen van App- en Design Creatie Verleggen |url=https://nl.mashable.com/business/9107/hoe-appy-pies-ai-gestuurde-tools-de-grenzen-van-app-en-design-creatie-verleggen |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=Mashable Benelux |language=nl}}</ref>

== Products and services ==
* AppyPie Website Builder, a drag-and-drop website creation platform<ref name=":1" />
* AppyPie Design, an AI-driven graphic and content design tools.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Redactie |first=Door |date=2023-09-20 |title=Hoe AppyPie's AI-Gestuurde Tools de Grenzen van App- en Design Creatie Verleggen |url=https://nl.mashable.com/business/9107/hoe-appy-pies-ai-gestuurde-tools-de-grenzen-van-app-en-design-creatie-verleggen |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=Mashable Benelux |language=nl}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|https://www.appypie.com/}}

[[Category:2016 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Software companies established in 2016]]
[[Category:Software companies of India]]
[[Category:Technology companies established in 2016]]

Mylswamy Annadurai

2026-03-11T13:07:57Z

Heymfaizanali: adjust details for accuracy also and updated info

{{short description|Indian scientist (born 1958)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Mylswamy Annadurai
| native_name_lang = ta
| image = Mylswamy_Annadurai.jpg
| caption =
| birth_name = Mylswamy Annadurai
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1958|7|2|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Kothavadi]], [[Coimbatore district]], [[Madras State]] (now [[Tamil Nadu]]), India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| citizenship = Indian
| nationality =
| party = [[Independent politician|Independent]]
| fields = [[Aerospace engineering]]
| workplaces = [[Indian Space Research Organisation]]
| alma_mater = [[Anna University]], [[PSG College of Technology]], [[Government College of Technology, Coimbatore]] ([[B.E.]], [[Master of Engineering|M.E.]], [[PhD]])
| known_for = [[Chandrayaan I]], [[Chandrayaan-2]], [[Mangalyaan]], [[Indian space program]]
| footnotes = Program Director, [[Chandrayaan-1]], [[Chandrayaan-2]] and [[Mangalyaan]]
| spouse = Vasanthi
| awards = [[Padmashri]]
| website = https://www.mylswamyannadurai.in
}}
'''Mylswamy Annadurai''' is a prominent Indian scientist serving as vice president for as Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology,<ref>[http://www.tanscst.nic.in/ title= TamilNadu State Council for Science and Technology]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.thanthitv.com/News/TamilNadu/2019/01/08115113/1021056/ISRO-Mylswamy-Annadurai-Edappadi-Palaniswami.vpf |title=Annadurai has been appointed as Vice President for TamilNadu State Council for Science and Technology |access-date=6 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190425060903/https://www.thanthitv.com/News/TamilNadu/2019/01/08115113/1021056/ISRO-Mylswamy-Annadurai-Edappadi-Palaniswami.vpf |archive-date=25 April 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Chairman, Board of Governors, National Design and Research Forum. He is often dubbed the "Moon Man of India".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndrf.res.in/chairmen.html |title=NDRF Homepage |publisher= ndrf.res.in}}</ref>

Before taking this assignment he was with [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] and served as director of the [[Indian Space Research Organisation Satellite Centre]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.isro.gov.in/update/06-apr-2015/dr-m-annadurai-takes-over-director-of-isro-satellite-centre-bangalore |title=Dr M Annadurai Takes Over as Director of ISRO Satellite Centre, Bangalore |publisher=ISRO |date=2015-04-06 |access-date=2016-04-28 |archive-date=10 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510041249/http://www.isro.gov.in/update/06-apr-2015/dr-m-annadurai-takes-over-director-of-isro-satellite-centre-bangalore |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/sdsc-shar-chief-kunhikrishnan-appointed-u-r-rao-satellite-centre-s-director-118073101394_1.html|title=SDSC-SHAR chief Kunhikrishnan appointed U R Rao Satellite Centre's director|last=Reporter|first=B. S.|date=2018-07-31|work=Business Standard|access-date=2018-07-31}}</ref> During his 36 years of service in the Indian Space Research Organisation, he had some of the major contributions, including two of the major missions of ISRO, namely [[Chandrayaan-1]] and [[Mangalyaan]]. Annadurai has been listed among the 100 Global thinkers of 2014 and topped the innovators list.<ref name="Innovator among Global Thinkers">{{cite web|url=http://globalthinkers.foreignpolicy.com/#innovators/list |title=A World Disrupted: The Leading Global Thinkers of 2014 |access-date=27 January 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150124031737/http://globalthinkers.foreignpolicy.com/ |archive-date=24 January 2015 }}</ref> His works are mentioned in textbooks of [[Tamil Nadu Board of Secondary Education]]<ref name="pages 227&228">{{cite web|url=http://www.textbooksonline.tn.nic.in/Books/Std10/Std10-Science-EM-4.pdf|title=Electricity and Energy|website=Textbooksonline.tn.nic.in|access-date=2016-04-28|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304002929/http://www.textbooksonline.tn.nic.in/Books/Std10/Std10-Science-EM-4.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
He was born on 2 July 1958, in [[Kothavadi]] in the [[Coimbatore]] district, [[Tamil Nadu]] state of India.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pLSUgxm4eK0|title=Brief Life Story of Mylswamy Annadurai}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/07/23/stories/2007072351330200.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116170418/http://www.hindu.com/2007/07/23/stories/2007072351330200.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2007-11-16 |title=Coordination vital to the success of moon mission – KERALA |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=2007-07-23 |access-date=2016-04-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?id%3D36d559f6-eda9-4ed3-ab46-77104f45f743%26%26Headline%3DReaching+for+the+moon |title=Reaching for the moon- Hindustan Times |access-date=23 December 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080119181714/http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?id=36d559f6-eda9-4ed3-ab46-77104f45f743&&Headline=Reaching+for+the+moon |archive-date=19 January 2008 }}</ref> Annadurai had his schooling in his native village [[Kothavadi|Kodhavady]] and nearby town Pollachi. He obtained a bachelor's degree in engineering ([[Electronics and Communication engineering|Electronics and Communication]]) in 1980 from [[Government College of Technology, Coimbatore]], Tamil Nadu, India, and completed his master's degree in engineering during 1982 from [[PSG College of Technology]], Coimbatore and PhD from [[Anna University of Technology, Coimbatore]], [[Tamil Nadu]] in India. He joined [[ISRO]] in 1982. As the mission director of [[INSAT]] missions, he made some of the original contributions to the INSAT systems maintenance.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.direct.bl.uk/research/63/2E/RN138004799.html |title=British Library Direct: Order Details |website=www.direct.bl.uk |access-date=2 February 2022 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120803230008/http://www.direct.bl.uk/research/63/2E/RN138004799.html |archive-date=3 August 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Mars Orbiter Mission==
{{Main|Mars Orbiter Mission}}
India's first mission to Mars, the [[Mars Orbiter Mission]], or ''Mangalyaan'', reached the planet on 24 September 2014 completing its 300-day journey. While ISRO has been researching a Mars mission for many years, the project was only approved by the government in August 2012. ISRO took over a year to work on the spacecraft and bring the project to implementation stage. The Mars Orbiter Mission was launched on 5 November 2013 from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, on the country's east coast. After travelling 670 million kilometres, ''Mangalyaan'' is now set to study the surface features, morphology, mineralogy and Martian atmosphere to better understand the climate, geology, origin, evolution and sustainability of life on the planet. It is the most cost effective of all the missions sent to the planet by any other country costing India about $74 million.<ref name = "Test">{{cite web|url=http://gadgets.ndtv.com/science/news/isros-mars-orbiter-mission-beams-back-first-photos-597693 |title=Isro's Mars Orbiter Mission Beams Back First Photos | NDTV Gadgets360.com |website=Gadgets.ndtv.com |date=2014-09-25 |access-date=2016-04-28}}</ref>

==Chandrayaan I & II==
{{Main|Chandrayaan I|Chandrayaan II}}
Chandrayaan-1 was India's first mission to the Moon launched by India's national space agency, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). The uncrewed lunar exploration mission included a lunar orbiter and an impactor. India launched the spacecraft by a modified version of the PSLV C11 on 22 October 2008 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota, Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh about 80 km north of Chennai at 06:22 IST (00:52 UTC). The mission was a major boost to India's space program, and India joined a band of Asian nations (China and Japan) in exploring the Moon. The vehicle was successfully inserted into lunar orbit on 8 November 2008.
[[File:Chandrayaan-1.svg|thumb|Image of the spacecraft.]]
During the period 2004–2008, as the project director for Chandrayaan I, he led a team of engineers and scientists that designed and developed the project to carry instrumentation from ISRO and from NASA, ESA, and Bulgaria to accomplish simultaneous chemical, mineralogical, resource and topographic mapping of the entire lunar surface at high spatial and spectral resolutions. The project was realised within the time frame stipulated and the budget granted. He has paved the way for the future of Indian planetary missions and set an example for international cooperation bringing international organisations like NASA, ESA, and JAXA to work under the leadership of ISRO. Chandrayaan I has received many national and international awards including, the Space Pioneers award for science and engineering at the 28th International conference on Space development, in Florida USA in 2009.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/space-systems-award-for-chandrayaan/article15861.ece |title=Space Systems award for Chandrayaan |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=2009-09-06 |access-date=2016-04-28}}</ref><ref name="Khul Ke e184">{{cite web | title=Chandrayaan-3 Will Lead to Global Collaboration | website=Khul Ke | url=https://www.khulke.com/roundtable?id=64eaf7e6f70f4816312da4c2 | access-date=2023-09-07}}</ref>

==Director, ISRO Satellite Centre==
From 2015 to 2018 Annadurai was heading ISRO Satellite Centre, Bangalore<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isac.gov.in/ |title=ISAC Homepage |website=Isac.gov.in |access-date=2016-04-28}}</ref> as director. The centre is responsible for building satellites for communication, [[remote sensing]], navigation, space science and interplanetary missions. In his tenure as Director of the centre he has overseen making, launching and operationalisation of 30 state of the art satellites.<ref>{{Citation|last=mylswamy annadurai|title=Mylswamy Annadurai – a brief history|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pLSUgxm4eK0|access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref>

==Post retirement from ISRO==
In 2019 Mylswamy Annadurai was appointed as vice president for Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology. In the same year, he was also nominated as chairman, of the Board of Governors, National Design and Research Forum (NDRF)<ref name="NDRF Homepage">{{cite web|url=http://ndrf.res.in/index.html |title=NDRF Homepage |publisher= ndrf.res.in |access-date=2019-03-29}}</ref> He uses both positions effectively for the development of science and technology both at the state and national level, starting from science outreach at school level to guiding some high-end collaborative research of social relevance by bringing together research labs, academia, industry and policymakers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://nrcb.res.in/ISRO.php |title=Moon man of India, Dr. Mylswamy, and NRCB, Trichy, come together to create a circular economy by using banana waste |publisher=nrcb.res.in |access-date=2021-06-27 |archive-date=27 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210627083414/http://nrcb.res.in/ISRO.php |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.itfnet.org/v1/2021/01/india-integrated-machine-developed-to-process-banana-stem-into-fibre-yarn/|title=Integrated machine developed to process banana stem into fibre yarn|publisher= www.itfnet.org|access-date=2021-06-27 }}</ref>

==Films==
* In the movie [[Mission Mangal]] based on India's Mars mission, the character of [[Akshay Kumar]] is inspired from Annadurai <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Z3WGwhs488&t=5s | title=Real Life Characters of movie Mission Mangal || Mission Mangal || Mars Orbiter Mission | website=[[YouTube]] }}</ref>
* In the feature film Chandrayaan based on India's first Moon mission Chandrayaan-1 directed and produced by Santhosh George Kulangara,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RKitfRKvD1E | title=Chandrayaan Cinema | website=[[YouTube]] }}</ref> his and his family members' roles were enacted by south Indian cine artists.

==Previous assignments==
During his 36 years of service in ISRO Dr Annadurai held various responsibilities. Prior to becoming the Centre Director, he served as programme director for IRS&SSS ([[Indian Remote Sensing]] & Small, Science and Student Satellites) that include [[Chandrayaan-1]], [[Chandrayaan-2]], [[ASTROSAT]], [[Aditya-L1]], [[Mars Orbiter Mission]] and many [[Indian Remote Sensing]] missions. He also contributed to India's National Communication satellite ([[INSAT]]) missions as the Mission Director. He was the member secretary of the task team that prepared Chandrayaan I project report. He is the author of several research papers in his specialization.

Annadurai's career profile is as follows,

* 1982 : Joined ISRO
* 1985-88 : Team leader to develop S/W satellite Simulator
* 1988-92 : Spacecraft operations manager, [[IRS-1A]]
* 1992-96 : Spacecraft operations manager, INSAT-2A
* 1993-96 : Spacecraft operations manager, INSAT-2B
* 1994-96 : Deputy project director, INSAT-2C
* 1996-01 : Mission director, INSAT-2C
* 1997-98 : Mission director, INSAT-2D
* 1999-12 : Mission director, [[INSAT-2E]]
* 2000-10 : Mission director, [[INSAT-3B]]
* 2001-02 : Mission director, [[GSAT-1]]
* 2003-11 : Mission director, [[INSAT-3E]]
* 2003-05 : Associate project director, [[GSAT-3|EDUSAT]]
* 2004-09 : Project director, [[Chandrayaan-1]]
* 2008-13 : Project director, [[Chandrayaan-2]]
* 2011-15 : Programme director, IRS & SSS ([[Indian Remote Sensing]] & Small, Science and Student Satellites)
* 2015-18 : Director, ISRO Satellite Centre, Bangalore<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isac.gov.in/ |title=ISAC Homepage |publisher=Isac.gov.in |access-date=2016-04-28}}</ref>
* 2019 - : Vice president, Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology
* 2019 - : Chairman, board of governors, National Research and Design Forum<ref name="NDRF Homepage"/>

During his holidays, Annadurai tours across the country to meet and interact with the students to encourage them to study science.

==Awards and achievements==
Annadurai has received more than a hundred awards, including,

===Awards from government===
* Padma Shri, 2016, one of the highest civilian awards in India.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_President,_Shri_Pranab_Mukherjee_presenting_the_Padma_Shri_Award_to_Dr._Mylswamy_Annadurai,_at_a_Civil_Investiture_Ceremony,_at_Rashtrapati_Bhavan,_in_New_Delhi_on_March_28,_2016.jpg |title=Padmashree award for Mylswamy Annadurai | location=New Delhi, India }}</ref>
* The Government of [[Karnataka]] awarded him the [[Rajyotsava Prashasti]] for Science (2008).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/004200810302033.htm|title=Rajyotsava awards for space scientists | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu|date=30 October 2008}}</ref>
* The Government of [[Tamilnadu]] awarded a special citation and a cash award of Rs 2.5 millions for the contribution of Space Science and Technology in India on 2 Oct 2023.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/mk-stalin-fetes-isro-scientists-from-tamil-nadu-announces-award-of-rs-25-lakh-each-for-all-nine-of-them/articleshow/104112071.cms?from=mdr|title=Rajyotsava awards for space scientists | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu|date=30 October 2008}}</ref>

===Awards from universities and academia===
* Doctor of Science, DSc (Honoris Causa) conferred by [[Pondicherry University]](2009)
* Doctor of Science, DSc (Honoris Causa) conferred by [[Anna University]], Chennai(2009)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://asiantribune.com/08/02/stalin-rahman-annadurai-conferred-honorary-doctorates/|title=Doctorate awarded by Anna University, Chennai for Annadurai|website=Asiantribune.com|access-date=2016-04-28|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090803130701/http://asiantribune.com/08/02/stalin-rahman-annadurai-conferred-honorary-doctorates/|archive-date=3 August 2009}}</ref>
* Doctor of Science, DSc (Honoris Causa) conferred by [[University of Madras]], Chennai (2009)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.hindu.com/2009/01/20/images/2009012054660601.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.hindu.com/2009/01/20/stories/2009012054660600.htm&usg=__TGvDZUlBFTgP6bOCi1SFrrPMoto=&h=196&w=345&sz=31&hl=en&start=5&um=1&tbnid=kbM9XtepfLUG8M:&tbnh=68&tbnw=120&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dannadurai%2Bcausa%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26um%3D1|website=[[The Hindu]]|title=Doctorate awarded by Madaras University for Annadurai|date=2009-01-20|access-date=2016-04-28}}</ref>
* Doctor of Science, DSc (Honoris Causa) conferred by MGR University, Chennai (2008)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/article12889.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150113093517/http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/article12889.ece |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 January 2015 |title=Doctorate for Chandrayaan director |newspaper=[[The New Indian Express]] |access-date=2016-04-28}}</ref>
* Eminent Scientist Award from 76th Indian Science Congress – [[Madurai Kamaraj University]] Endowment.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://chnonlinenews.blogspot.com/2009/03/chandrayaan-1-victory-due-to-team.html |title=Online News | Movie Download | Wallpaper Download | MP3 Download | Chennai HOT News: "Chandrayaan-1 victory due to team effort" |website=Chnonlinenews.blogspot.com |access-date=2016-04-28}}</ref>
* Distinguished Alumni Award, [[PSG College of Technology]], 2009.<ref>[http://www.alumni.psgtech.ac.in/Outstanding%20Alumni.pdf]{{dead link|date=April 2016}}</ref>
* Sir CV Raman Award-2010 from Periyar University, Salem
* Jewel of GCT([[Government College of Technology, Coimbatore]]) by GCT Alumni
* Personality of the year Awarded by St. Johns International School, Chennai
* Hikal Chemcon Distinguished Speaker Award 2010, the 63rd Annual Session of Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers, Annamalai University.
* National Science and Technology Award, 2011, Sathyabama University, Chennai.
* Distinguished Scientist Award, KC College, Mumbai, Diamond Jubilee Award

===Awards from ISRO===
* Annadurai is the recipient of the Hariom Ashram pretit Vikram Sarabhai Research Award for his outstanding Contributions to Systems analysis and Space systems management(2004).
* He is also the recipient of a citation from [[ISRO]] for his contribution to the INSAT systems Mission management(2003)
* Team Excellence award for his contribution to the Indian Space Program (2007).
* ISRO Merit Award 2009
* Team Excellence Award 2010 as team leader of Chandrayaan-1 team
* ISRO Outstanding Achievement award, 2014

===National and international awards from professional bodies===
* Laurels for Team Achievement Chandrayaan-1, International Academy of Astronautics,2013, Beijing China
* Certificate of Appreciation from [[Boeing]] Asian – American professional Association, Houston, USA
* Space Systems award, 2009 from [[American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics]], US.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article15861.ece|title=Space systems Award for Chandrayaan | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu|first=T. S.|last=Subramanian|date=6 September 2009}}</ref>
* National Aeronautical Award-2008 from [[Aeronautical Society of India]] in recognition of his contributions in the field of satellites/spacecraft
* Fellow, International Academy of Astronautics
* Fellow, Institution of Engineers, India(FIE)
* Fellow, Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, India (IETE)
* Fellow, Indian Society for Remote Sensing (ISRS)
* Fellow, Society for shock wave research, Dept. of Aerospace Eng, [[Indian Institute of Science]] (IISC), Bangalore
* Fellow, Chennai Science Academy(Formerly Tamil Nadu Science Academy)
* NIQR Bajaj Award for "Outstanding Quality Man 2009"<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/11/11/stories/2009111150760200.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091114165040/http://www.hindu.com/2009/11/11/stories/2009111150760200.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 November 2009 |title=outstanding quality man | location=Chennai, India |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=11 November 2009}}</ref>
* [[H K Firodia awards]], 2009 for Science and Technology<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/Firodia-awards-for-Yash-Pal-Annadurai/articleshow/5306103.cms|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025131326/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-06/pune/28067333_1_yash-pal-chandrayaan-1-m-annadurai|url-status=live|archive-date=25 October 2012|work=[[The Times of India]]|title=HK Firodia award | date=6 December 2009}}</ref>
* IEI-IEEE Engineering Excellence award 2016 for Contributions and Leadership in Space Technology in service of Humanity<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/mylswamy.annadurai/posts/1795325213829969?pnref=story|title=IEI-IEEE Engineering Excellence Award 2016 |website=[[Facebook]] }}</ref>
* BHASKARA Award 2016 for his outstanding Scientific Leadership<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=1904154836280339&set=a.168152066547300.41470.100000575245617&type=3&theater=story|title=BHASKARA Award 2016 |website=[[Facebook]] }}</ref>
* SIES ([[South Indian Education Society]]) Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswati National Eminence Award, 2009 for Science and Technology<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.webindia123.com/news/Articles/India/20091207/1399703.html |title=SIES to honour Somnath Chatterjee, Sreedharan and Annadurai |website=News.webindia123.com |date=2009-12-07 |access-date=2016-04-28}}</ref>
* "Lifetime Contribution Award" AISYWC-18<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2360597733969378&set=pcb.2360601117302373&type=3&theater|title=Lifetime Contribution Award to Mylswamy Annadurai by Young Professionals – Women in Engineering Congress (AISYWC): AISYWC-18", The flagship event of IEEE India Council, Mysuru|website=[[Facebook]]|date=28 September 2018 }}</ref>
* Listed in the TNIE-Uninor Achiever of the year 2009,<ref>[http://epaper.expressbuzz.com//NE/NE/2009/12/29/PagePrint/29_12_2009_001.pdf] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511231934/http://epaper.expressbuzz.com/|date=11 May 2011}}</ref>
* Listed in the Dinamalar-Uninor Achiever of the year 2009,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://epaper.dinamalar.com/DM/DINAMALAR/2009/12/29/INDEX.SHTML |title=:: Dinamalar ePaper :: |access-date=29 December 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100101192755/http://epaper.dinamalar.com/DM/DINAMALAR/2009/12/29/INDEX.SHTML |archive-date=1 January 2010 }}</ref>
* Pearl Ratna,2020 by Pearl Education Foundation
* Best Conference paper in the Innovations and Entrepreneurship, Annual Intl Conference by Industry Studies Association, USA, 3-4 Jun 2021 that carried US$500 cash prize and an award plaque
* Dr APJ Abdulkalam memorial Science and technology Achievement award,2023 by Indian Science Forum Oman at National University for Science and Technology, Oman
* Life Time Achievement award 2024-25 for the contribution to Aero Space, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
* Award of Commendation for the outstanding contribution for Space science and Technology by Franklin Township Council, Somerset County, State of New Jersey, USA, 30 Sep 2024

===Awards from social and public forums===
* Vivekananda Award for Human Excellence by Rama Krishna Mission<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=778758678819966&set=a.168152066547300.41470.100000575245617&type=1&theater |title=A Great Recognition on the eve of... – Mylswamy Annadurai |publisher=Facebook |date=2014-01-13 |access-date=2016-04-28}}</ref>
* Kongu Achiever Award 2009 From NIA Trust, Pollachi.
* Best Tamil Scientist Award, Makkal Viruthu, Makkal TV, 2009
* Amara Bharathi National Eminence Award for Science and Technology, 2010
* Karmaveerar Kamaraj Award,2010 from Chennai Mhahajana sabha
* Dr Rajah Sir Muthiah Chettiar Birthday Commemoration Award for 2012.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/article3732601.ece |title="Take up Tamil as medium of instruction" – NATIONAL |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=2012-08-06 |access-date=2016-04-28}}</ref>
* "Listed among 100 Global thinkers of 2014 and topped the innovators list "<ref name="Innovator among Global Thinkers"/>
* Lifetime achievement award, 2015, SRV Schools, Trichy
* Tamilan Award 2016, for Science and Technology by Puthiya Thalaimurai TV<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LZtrZMLODOE |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/LZtrZMLODOE |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=Puthiya Thalamurai TV Award|website=[[YouTube]] }}{{cbignore}}</ref>
* Global Indian for Science, 2017 awarded by ICICI and Times Group<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/mylswamy.annadurai/posts/1791401684222322|title=Global Indian award 2017|website=[[Facebook]]}}</ref>
* Life Time Achievement Award in the field of science and technology by Union Bank of India<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=1925362710826218&id=100000575245617&ref=bookmarks=story|title=Life Time Achievement Award 2016 |website=[[Facebook]] }}</ref>
* C.Pa.Aditanar Literary Award 2013
* Poorna Chandra award from Rotary Club, Coimbatore.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/11/18/stories/2008111855000500.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107044256/http://www.hindu.com/2008/11/18/stories/2008111855000500.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 November 2012|title=Poorna Chandra award for Annadurai | location=Chennai, India |work=[[The Hindu]]|date=18 November 2008}}</ref>
* Tamil Ma-mani award, from Tirupur Tamil Sangam.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/11/27/stories/2008112750370200.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030164954/http://www.hindu.com/2008/11/27/stories/2008112750370200.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=30 October 2013 | location=Chennai, India | work=[[The Hindu]] | title=Cheaper access to space possible: Annadurai | date=27 November 2008}}</ref>
* Tamil Achiever Award,2011 by Bharathi Tamil Sangam, Kolkata.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kolkatatamilsangam.org/bharathi-birth-anniversary.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=19 April 2012 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927175654/http://kolkatatamilsangam.org/bharathi-birth-anniversary.pdf |archive-date=27 September 2013 }}</ref>
* Example to Youth Award.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0m3DtMfvSbY/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/0m3DtMfvSbY |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=MYLSWAMY Anna Durai |publisher=YouTube |date=2014-03-12 |access-date=2016-04-28}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
* Kalingarayar Award -2016, by Kongu Charitable Trust, Tamil Nadu
* Citizen Extraordinary Award-2014, by Rotary Club Bangalore<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/483739/master-plan-space-governance-being.html/ |title=Master plan for space governance being readied |website=Deccan Herald|date=2015-06-16 |access-date=2016-04-28}}</ref>
* Lifetime Achievement – Muthamizh Award-2108, Muthamizh Peravai
* "Mars Man", by Front liners- 2018, Kuwait,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.iflkuwait.com/notice-board/33148-mars-man-title-conferred-on-the-indian-space-scientist-dr-mylswamy-annadurai/ |title=Award to Mylswamy Annadurai |website=iflkuwait.com |access-date=6 December 2018 |archive-date=6 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181206013728/https://www.iflkuwait.com/notice-board/33148-mars-man-title-conferred-on-the-indian-space-scientist-dr-mylswamy-annadurai |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* Lifetime Achievement Award, 2019, Rotary International Pollachi
* Life Time Achievement Award, 2019, by Govt Higher Secondary School Alumni, Velandampalayam, Tamil Nadu
* Mahatma Gandhi Award, 2019, Gandhi World Foundation,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=2998437796852032&set=a.286516001377572&type=3&theater/ |title=Gandhi Award to Mylswamy Annadurai |website=[[Facebook]] }}</ref>
* Lifetime Achievement award, 2019, Muscat Tamil Sangam,<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.facebook.com/mylswamy.annadurai/videos/3070451379650673/?__tn__=%2CdC-R-R&eid=ARB3mGKUt4eniTcvCfWOGJN-HLHi_V8EfaOmafFp0lIx6WQB37xQfTTY1dt-iFdKRozbKSCHelXCP5nd&hc_ref=ARTiAoCRg2mtF62RkOPHwlQJWkajyG1YM3IOt6LdupbnxZhkLaE8YrT85R0hq85J_gw&fref=nf/ |title=Gandhi Award to Mylswamy Annadurai |website=[[Facebook]] }}</ref>
* Sri Adhi Sankara Award, 2019, Shri Adhi Sankara Peravai,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/mylswamy.annadurai/posts/3139437709418706?notif_id=1575164137297695&notif_t=feedback_reaction_generic/|title=Shri Adhi Sankara Award to Mylswamy Annadurai |website=[[Facebook]] }}</ref>
* Sony YAY award,2020,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=3871979919497811&set=a.286516001377572 |title='Sony YAY award 2020 to Mylswamy Annadurai' |website=[[Facebook]] }}</ref>
* Senthamiz Award, 2021, Gandhi World Peace Foundation
* Manavai Mustafa Memorial Award for Science, 2021
* Lifetime Achievement Award for contributions to Space Science, Weekend Leader an online portal and Ethiraj College Chennai, 2024 <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/awards-given-for-contribution-to-education-space-science-and-business/article67933193.ece|title=Award for Annadurai | location=Chennai, India |work=[[The Hindu]]|date=10 March 2024}}</ref>
* Pride of Tamil Nadu - Icon of Scientific Excellence 2025, Award by Galatta Media <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bing.com/videos/riverview/relatedvideo?q=mylswasmy+annadurai+kalatta&&mid=163733F031A4A269E0EC163733F031A4A269E0EC&FORM=VAMGZC|title=Award for Annadurai | location=Chennai, India | date=2 July 2025}}</ref>

Annadurai's publications and works are being widely referred by satellite operators, one of his works has been referred in a US patent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/7185858.html |title=Spacecraft gyro calibration system - US Patent 7185858 Abstract |access-date=14 October 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090309112636/http://www.patentstorm.us/patents/7185858.html |archive-date=9 March 2009 }}</ref>

He has written eight books in Tamil namely,
*1.Kaiyaruke Nila
*2.Siragai virikkum Mangalyaan
*3.Valarum Ariviyal
*4.Ariviyal Kalanjiyam and
*5.Vinnum Mannum.
*6. India-75
*7. Periyarum Ariviyalum
*8. Ariviyalum Maanudamum
The Book" Kaiyaruke Nila" has won [[S. P. Adithanar Literary award]] for the year 2013.
The book, " Vinnum Mannum" has won Manvai Mustafa Memorial Science Award for the year 2021
The book Siragai virikkum Mangalyaan has been translated in Kannada language.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.mylswamyannadurai.in Website on Dr Mylswamy Annadurai's Biography]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pLSUgxm4eK0&t=31s Video on Mylswamy Annadurai's life]
*[https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=annadurai+chandrayaan&oq=annadurai+chandrayaan&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&gs_l=youtube.3...1586.9175.0.9529.25.24.1.0.0.0.217.2995.8j14j2.24.0...0.0._o0f_ucFrx0/ Speeches and Videos of Dr. Mylswamy Annadurai]
*[https://www.google.com/search?q=mylswamy+annadurai&tbm=vid&sxsrf=ALeKk03t6NCinWYzkZbrE9NvSMSsfe6g3g:1624784307980&ei=sz3YYKayO7DFz7sP_Ly7kAU&start=10&sa=N&ved=2ahUKEwjm142cubfxAhWw4nMBHXzeDlIQ8NMDegQIARBe&biw=1916&bih=957&dpr=1 Mylswamy Annadurai in the electronic media]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K0hIB18WuM0/ Chat with India's Moon man]
*[https://www.google.com/search?q=%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF+%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88&rlz=1CDGOYI_enIN834IN834&hl=en-GB&biw=375&bih=553&tbm=vid&sxsrf=ALeKk027-DY9yi01ZQt5EF4pjrv-sCb-Rw%3A1624757178019&ei=utPXYIFPi8LPuw-olaj4CA&oq=&gs_lcp=ChBtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXZpZGVvEAEYATIHCCMQ6gIQJzIHCCMQ6gIQJzIHCCMQ6gIQJzIHCCMQ6gIQJzIHCCMQ6gIQJzIHCCMQ6gIQJzIHCCMQ6gIQJzIHCCMQ6gIQJzIHCCMQ6gIQJzIHCCMQ6gIQJzIHCCMQ6gIQJzIHCCMQ6gIQJzIHCCMQ6gIQJzIHCCMQ6gIQJzIHCCMQ6gIQJ1AAWABguRRoAnAAeACAAQCIAQCSAQCYAQCgAQGqARBtb2JpbGUtZ3dzLXZpZGVvsAEPwAEB&sclient=mobile-gws-video Mylswamy Annadurai in Tamil Media]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090325104650/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/11/24/stories/2008112450930100.htm Moon Man]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110411052758/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/11/24/stories/2008112450740100.htm A Star is born]
*[http://www.business-standard.com/india/storypage.php?autono=336469 The man who will give India the moon]
*[http://www.frontline.in/cover-story/in-mission-mode/article5275957.ece MOM in Mission Mode]
*[http://www.indianexpress.com/news/behind-euphoria-how-isro-mission-gave-india-the-moon-it-asked-for/386228/ How ISRO mission gave India the moon it asked for]

{{2000s Padma Shri Award Recipients in Science & Engineering}}
{{Indian space programme}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Annadurai, Mylswamy}}
[[Category:1958 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Scientists from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Tamil scientists]]
[[Category:Space programme of India]]
[[Category:ISRO people]]
[[Category:Indian lunar exploration programme]]
[[Category:Indian aerospace engineers]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in science & engineering]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian engineers]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Rajyotsava Award 2008]]

List of Tamil films of 1960

2026-03-07T05:40:02Z

Heymfaizanali: Minor edits and structural improvements

{{Short description|None}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2020}}
Post-amendment to the Tamil Nadu Entertainments Tax Act 1939 on 1 April 1958, Gross jumped to 140 per cent of Nett<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20171120150153/http://www.lawsofindia.org/pdf/tamil_nadu/1939/1939TN10.pdf Government raised entertainment tax to 40% (from 33%) in 1958]}}</ref> Commercial Taxes Department disclosed {{INR}}2.02 crore in entertainment tax revenue for the year.<ref>[https://ctd.tn.gov.in/documents/10184/20741/STATISTICAL+COMPENDIUM+2012-2013/9fb9d066-c862-412b-bc88-f29d4091164e?version=1.1 CTD reports {{INR}}2.02 crore ET collection in 1960–61]</ref>

{{Tamil films}}

The following is a list of films produced in the [[Tamil cinema|Tamil film industry]] in India in [[1960 in film|1960]], in alphabetical order.

== 1960 ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
![[Title]] !![[Film director|Director]] !! [[Film producer|Production]] !! [[Music]]!! [[Cast member|Cast]] !! Release date (D-M-Y)
|----
|''[[Aada Vandha Deivam]]''
|[[P. Neelakantan]]
|[[Majestic Studios]]
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|[[T. R. Mahalingam (actor)|T. R. Mahalingam]], [[Anjali Devi]], [[E. V. Saroja]], [[M. R. Radha]]
|01-04-1960
|----
|''[[Aalukkoru Veedu]]''
|[[M. Krishnan Nair (director)|M. Krishnan]]
|Subash Movies
|[[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]]
|[[Sathyan (Malayalam actor)|Sathyan]], [[L. Vijayalakshmi]], [[T. R. Ramachandran]]
|16-09-1960
|----
|''[[Adutha Veettu Penn]]''
|[[Vedantam Raghavayya]]
|[[Anjali Pictures]]
|[[P. Adinarayana Rao|Adhi Narayana Rao]]
|[[Anjali Devi]], [[T. R. Ramachandran]], [[K. A. Thangavelu]]
|11-02-1960
|----
|''Anbukkor Anni''
|[[T. R. Raghunath]]
|Film Centre
|[[A. M. Rajah]]
|[[Prem Nazir]], [[Mynavathi]], [[Pandari Bai]]
|05-02-1960
|----
|''[[Baghdad Thirudan]]''
|T. P. Sundaram
|Southern Movies
|[[G. Govindarajulu Naidu]]
|[[M. G. Ramachandran]], [[Vyjayanthimala]], [[M. N. Nambiar]], [[M. N. Rajam]]
|06-05-1960
|----
|''[[Bala Nagamma (1959 film)|Bala Nagamma]]'' {{small|Dubbed from Telugu}}
| [[Vedantam Raghavayya]]
| Viswasanthi Pictures
| Pamarthi
| [[N. T. Rama Rao]], [[S. V. Ranga Rao]], [[Anjali Devi]], [[Rajasulochana]]
|
|----
| ''[[Bhaktha Sabari]]''
| [[Chitrapu Narayana Rao|Ch. Narayanamoorthi]]
| Sugibava Productions
| [[Pendyala Nageswara Rao|Pendyala]]
| [[S. A. Asokan]], [[Pandari Bai]], [[V. Nagayya|Nagayya]], [[L. Vijayalakshmi]], [[Harinath]], T. R. Saroja, [[Ramakrishna]], [[Rajashree (actress)|Rajashree]] (Debut), [[Nagesh]]
| 28-10-1960
|----
|''[[Chavukkadi Chandrakantha]]''
|A. L. Narayanan
|Aruna Films
|R. Govardhanam
|[[T. S. Balaiah]], [[T. K. Ramachandran]], Jagadesan, [[Tambaram Lalitha]], [[Sowcar Janaki]]
|16-12-1960
|----
|''[[Bhagyodaya|Chinna Marumagal]]''
|P. V. Babu
|Udaya Productions (K. Ramanathan)
|L. Malleswara Rao
| [[Sowkar Janaki]], [[Udaykumar|Udhayakumar]], [[Narasimharaju (Kannada actor)|T. R. Narasimha Raju]], [[Pandari Bai]]
|
|----
|''[[Deivapiravi (1960 film)|Deivapiravi]]''
|[[Krishnan–Panju]]
|Kamaal Brothers
|[[R. Sudarsanam]]
|[[Sivaji Ganesan]], [[Padmini (actress)|Padmini]], [[S. S. Rajendran]], [[M. N. Rajam]], [[Tambaram Lalitha]]
|13-04-1960
|----
|''[[Ellarum Innattu Mannar]]''
|[[T. Prakash Rao]]
|[[Jupiter Pictures]]
|[[T. G. Lingappa]]
|[[Gemini Ganesan]], [[B. Saroja Devi]], [[M. N. Nambiar]]
|01-07-1960
|----
|''[[Engal Selvi]]''
|Dasi Yoganand|D. Yoganand
|Associate Producers
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|[[Akkineni Nageswara Rao|A. Nageswara Rao]], [[Anjali Devi]], [[T. S. Balaiah]]
|08-07-1960
|----
|''[[Irumanam Kalanthal Thirumanam]]''
|Jambanna [[G. Viswanathan]]
|V. S. P. Pictures
|[[S. Dakshinamurthi]]
|[[Prem Naseer]], [[Ragini (actress)|Ragini]], [[M. N. Rajam]]
|25-11-1960
|----
|''[[Irumbu Thirai (1960 film)|Irumbu Thirai]]''
|[[S. S. Vasan]]
|[[Gemini Studios]]
|[[S. V. Venkatraman]]
|[[Sivaji Ganesan]], [[Vyjayanthimala]], [[K. A. Thangavelu]], [[B. Saroja Devi]]
|14-01-1960
|----
|''[[Ivan Avanethan]]''
|P. Sridhar
|T. G. R. Pictures
|[[M. Ranga Rao]]
|Uthayakumar, [[Pandari Bai]], [[S. V. Sahasranamam]], [[Ambika Sukumaran|Ambika]], [[K. Sarangapani]], [[Devika]], A. K. Veerasamy, [[S. N. Lakshmi]], Rajamani, Uma
|25-03-1960
|----
|''[[Kadavulin Kuzhandhai]]''
|Dada Mirasi
|Vetrivel Films
|[[G. Ramanathan]]
|[[Kalyan Kumar]], [[Jamuna (actress)|Jamuna]], [[M. R. Radha]]
|29-07-1960
|----
|''[[Kaithi Kannayiram]]''
|[[A. S. A. Sami]]
|[[Modern Theatres]]
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|[[K. A. Thangavelu]], [[R. S. Manohar]], [[P. S. Veerappa]]
|01-12-1960
|----
|''[[Kairasi]]''
|[[K. Shankar]]
|Vasu Films
|R. Govardhanam
|[[Gemini Ganesan]], [[B. Saroja Devi]], [[K. A. Thangavelu]]
|19-10-1960
|----
|''[[Kalathur Kannamma]]''
|[[A. Bhimsingh]]
|[[AVM Productions]]
|[[R. Sudarsanam]]
|[[Gemini Ganesan]], [[Savitri (actress)|Savitri]], [[Kamal Haasan]]
|12-08-1960
|----
|''[[Kavalai Illaadha Manithan]]''
|[[K. Shankar]]
|Kannadasan Productions
|[[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]]
|[[J. P. Chandrababu]], [[M. R. Radha]], [[Rajasulochana]], [[T. S. Balaiah]], [[L. Vijayalakshmi]]
|19-08-1960
|----
|''[[Kuravanji]]''
|A. Kasilingam
|Mekala Pictures
|[[T. R. Pappa]]
|[[Sivaji Ganesan]], [[Savitri (actress)|Savitri]], [[Mynavathi]], [[Pandari Bai]]
|04-03-1960
|----
|''[[Kuzhandhaigal Kanda Kudiyarasu]]''
|[[B. R. Panthulu]]
|[[Padmini Pictures]]
|[[T. G. Lingappa]]
|[[B. R. Panthulu]], [[M. V. Rajamma]]
|29-05-1960
|----
|''[[Mahalakshmi (1960 film)|Mahalakshmi]]''
|A. L. Narayanan
|Sri Panduranga Productions
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|[[S. V. Sahasranamam]], [[Pandaribai]], [[K. Balaji]], [[Mynavathi]], [[R. Muthuraman]]
|22-04-1960
|----
|''[[Abba Aa Hudugi|Mangaikku Maangalyame Pradhaanam]]'' {{small|Dubbed from Kannada}}
|H. L. N. Simha
| Sri Jamuna Productions
| [[Jeevan (Tamil actor)|Jeevan]]
| [[Dr. Rajkumar|Rajkumar]], [[Pandari Bai]], [[M. V. Rajamma]], [[Narasimharaju (Kannada actor)|Narasimharaju]], [[B. R. Panthulu]], [[Dikki Madhava Rao]], H. L. N. Simha, [[Mynavathi]] and [[Advani Lakshmi Devi]]
|
|----
|''[[Mannathi Mannan]]''
|M. Natesan
|Natesh Arts Films
|[[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]]
|[[M. G. Ramachandran]], [[Anjali Devi]], [[Padmini (actress)|Padmini]], [[P. S. Veerappa]]
|19-10-1960
|----
|''[[Meenda Sorgam]]''
|[[C. V. Sridhar]]
|Mathuram Pictures
|[[T. Chalapathi Rao]]
|[[Gemini Ganesan]], [[Padmini (actress)|Padmini]], [[K.A. Thangavelu]]
|29-07-1960
|----
|''[[Naan Kanda Sorgam]]''
| [[C. Pullaiah]]
| Bhargavi Films
| G. Aswathamma
| [[K. A. Thangavelu]], [[Sowcar Janaki]], [[M. S. Sundari Bai]], [[S. V. Ranga Rao]], [[P. V. Narasimha Bharathi]], [[P. D. Sambandam]]
|12-08-1960
|----
|''[[Ondrupattal Undu Vazhvu]]''
|[[T. R. Ramanna]]
|Ranga Films
|MSV-TKR
|[[Prem Nazir]], [[E. V. Saroja]], [[M. R. Radha]]
|15-07-1960
|----
|''[[Paadhai Theriyudhu Paar]]''
| [[Nemai Ghosh (director)|Nemai Ghosh]]
|Kumari Films
|[[M. B. Sreenivasan]]
|[[Vijayan (actor)|Vijayan]], [[L. Vijayalakshmi]], [[S. V. Sahasranamam]]
|18-11-1960
|----
|''[[Nammina Bantu|Pattaliyin Vetri]]''
| [[Adurthi Subba Rao|A. Subba Rao]]
| Sambu Films
| [[S. Rajeswara Rao]]
| [[A. Nageswara Rao]], [[Savitri (actress)|Savithri]], [[S. V. Ranga Rao]], [[Girija (actress)|Girija]], [[T. S. Balaiah]], [[Sukumari]], [[K. A. Thangavelu]], [[E. V. Saroja]], [[K. Sarangapani]] and K. R. Sellam
| 19-02-1960
|----
|''[[Padikkadha Medhai]]''
|[[A. Bhimsingh]]
|Bala Movies
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|[[Sivaji Ganesan]], [[Sowcar Janaki]], [[P. Kannamba]]
|25-06-1960
|----
|''[[Parthiban Kanavu (1960 film)|Parthiban Kanavu]]''
|[[D. Yoganand]]
|Jublee Films
|Vedha
|[[Gemini Ganesan]], [[Vyjayanthimala]], [[S. V. Ranga Rao]], [[P. S. Veerappa]]
|03-06-1960
|----
|''[[Paavai Vilakku]]''
|K. Somu
|Sri Vijayagopal Pictures
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|[[Sivaji Ganesan]], [[Sowcar Janaki]], [[M. N. Rajam]], [[Pandari Bai]]
|19-10-1960
|----
|''[[Petra Manam]]''
|[[A. Bhimsingh]]
|National Pictures
|[[S.Rajeswara Rao]]
|[[Sivaji Ganesan]], [[Padmini (actress)|Padmini]], [[S. S. Rajendran]], [[M. N. Rajam]], [[J. P. Chandrababu]], [[Padmini Priyadarshini]]
|19-10-1960
|----
|''Petraval Kanda Peruvazhvu''
|[[P. Subramaniam]]
|[[Neela Productions]]
|R. Devarajan
|[[Prem Nazir]], [[Miss Kumari]], [[Rajasree]]
|
|----
|''[[Ponnaana Kudumbam]]'' Dubbed from Telugu [[:te:కూతురు కాపురం]]
| Shoban Rao
| Swarnambika Pictures
| M. B. Srinivasan
| [[Jaggayya]], [[Jamuna (actress)|Jamuna]], [[Ramana Reddy]], [[Rajasulochana]]
| 12-09-1960
|----
|''[[Ponni Thirunaal]]''
|A. K. Velan
|Arunachala Pictures
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|Muthukrishna, [[Rajasulochana]], [[L. Vijayalakshmi]]
|09-09-1960
|----
|''[[Pudhiya Pathai (1960 film)|Pudhiya Pathai]]''
|[[Tapi Chanakya]]
|Sri Saradha Pictures
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|[[Gemini Ganesan]], [[Savitri (actress)|Savitri]], [[K. A. Thangavelu]]
|17-11-1960
|----
|''[[Raja Bakthi]]''
|K. Vembu
|Nandhi Pictures
|[[G. Govindarajulu Naidu]]
|[[Sivaji Ganesan]], [[Vyjayanthimala]], [[P. Bhanumathi|Bhanumathi]], [[Padmini (actress)|Padmini]]
|27-05-1960
|----
|''[[Raja Desingu]]''
|[[T. R. Raghunath]]
|Krishna Pictures
|[[G. Ramanathan]]
|[[M. G. Ramachandran]], [[S. S. Rajendran]], [[P. Bhanumathi]], [[Padmini (actress)|Padmini]]
|02-09-1960
|----
|''[[Raja Makutam|Raja Magudam]]''
|[[B. N. Reddy]]
|Vauhini Productions
|[[Master Venu]]
|[[N. T. Rama Rao]], [[Rajasulochana]], [[Gummadi (actor)|Gummadi]], [[P. Kannamba]]
|25-02-1960
|----
|''[[Rathinapuri Ilavarasi]]''
|[[T. R. Ramanna]]
|Sri Vinayaga Pictures
|[[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]]
|[[T. R. Mahalingam (actor)|T. R. Mahalingam]], [[E. V. Saroja]], [[M. R. Radha]], [[Padmini Priyadarshini]]
|13-04-1960
|----
|''[[Revathi (1960 film)|Revathi]]''
|[[M. Krishnan Nair (director)|M. Krishnan]]
|Diamond Films
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|[[K. Balaji]], [[Sowcar Janaki]], [[T. S. Balaiah]]
|
|----
|''[[Sangilithevan]]''
|[[B. R. Panthulu]]
|[[Padmini Pictures]]
|[[T. G. Lingappa]]
|[[S. S. Rajendran]], [[Rajasulochana]]
|27-05-1960
|----
|''[[Sivagami]]''
|A. Mitradas
|Muthaiah Pictures
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|[[M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar]], [[G. Varalakshmi]], [[Jaggayya]], [[S. D. Subbulakshmi]], [[Natarajan]], [[Jayashri]]
|09-02-1960
|----
|''Solaimalai Rani''
|A. Rajaram
|Shivaji Pictures
|[[C. N. Pandurangan]]
|[[Prem Kumar (Tamil actor)|Prem Kumar]], Vijayamala, Chandar Rao
|19-10-1960
|----
|''[[Thangarathinam]]''
|[[S. S. Rajendran]]
|[[S. S. R. Pictures]]
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|[[S. S. Rajendran]], [[C. R. Vijayakumari]]
|25-11-1960
|----
|''[[Thangam Manasu Thangam]]''
|R. M. Krishnaswamy
|Friends Pictures
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|[[Prem Nazir]], [[M. N. Rajam]], [[K. A. Thangavelu]]
|
|----
|''[[Thanthaikku Pin Thamaiyan]]''
|G. R. Rao
|Suryaa Films
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|[[T. R. Mahalingam (actor)|T. R. Mahalingam]], [[Pandari Bai]], [[T. K. Ramachandran]], [[O. A. K. Thevar]], [[Mynavathi]], C. D. Vanaja|Vanaja, [[N. N. Kannappa]], [[Manorama (Tamil actress)|Manorama]]
|14-01-1960<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1960-cinedetails24.asp|title=Sadhanaigal Padaitha Thamizh Thiraipada Varalaru|trans-title=History of Landmark Tamil Films|publisher=Sivakami Publishers|author=Film News Anandan|author-link=Film News Anandan|date=23 October 2004|location=Chennai|language=ta|archive-url=https://archive.today/20180803113406/http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1960-cinedetails24.asp|archive-date=3 August 2018|access-date=3 August 2018|url-status=usurped}}</ref>
|----
|''[[Thilakam]]''
|[[Krishnan–Panju]]
|[[AVM Productions]]
|[[R. Sudarsanam]]
|[[Prem Nazir]], [[M. N. Rajam]], [[Sriranjani, Jr.|Sriranjani]], [[Tambaram Lalitha]], [[Kuladeivam Rajagopal]],
| 10-11-1960
|----
|''[[Thozhan (1960 film)|Thozhan]]''
|K. Vembu
|A. T. M. Productions
|[[G. Ramanathan]]
|[[R. S. Manohar]], [[P. V. Narasimha Bharathi]], [[N. S. Krishnan]], [[Anjali Devi]], [[Madhuri Devi]], [[T. A. Mathuram]]
| 25-11-1960
|----
|''[[Uthami Petra Rathinam]]''
|[[M. A. Thirumugam]]
|[[Devar Films]]
| [[T. Chalapathi Rao]]
|[[K. Balaji]], [[Malini (Tamil actress)|Malini]], [[T. K. Ramachandran]], [[P. Kannamba]], [[M. N. Rajam]]
|
|----
|''[[Veerakkanal]]''
|G. K. Ramu
|P. S. V Pictures
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|[[Gemini Ganesan]], [[Anjali Devi]], [[P. S. Veerappa]]
|02-12-1960
|----
|''[[Vidivelli]]''
|[[C. V. Sridhar]]
|Praburam Pictures
|[[A. M. Rajah]]
|[[Sivaji Ganesan]], [[B. Saroja Devi]], [[S. V. Ranga Rao]], [[K. Balaji]], [[M. N. Rajam]]
|31-12-1960
|----
|''[[Vijayapuri Veeran]]''
|[[Joseph Thaliath Jr.]]
|[[Citadel Film Corporation]]
|[[T. R. Pappa]]
|[[C. L. Anandan]], [[S. A. Ashokan]], [[Hemalatha]]
|12-02-1960
|----
|''[[Yanai Paagan]]''
|M. A. Thirumurugan
|[[Devar Films]]
|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|[[Udaykumar]], [[B. Saroja Devi]], [[P. S. Veerappa]], [[Daisy Irani (actress)|Daisy Irani]]
|19-10-1960
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Tamil cinema}}
{{1960 films}}
{{Indian film list|state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tamil Films Of 1960}}
[[Category:1960 in Indian cinema|Films, Tamil]]
[[Category:Lists of 1960 films by language]]
[[Category:Lists of Tamil films by year|1960]]
[[Category:1960 Tamil-language films| ]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]
[[Category:1960s Indian films]]

Mangaiyar Ullam Mangatha Selvam

2026-03-04T05:14:58Z

Heymfaizanali: page fix

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2017}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Mangaiyar Ullam Mangatha Selvam
| image = Mangaiyar Ullam Mangatha Selvam.jpg
| caption = Poster
| director = [[Vedantam Raghavayya]]
| producer = [[P. Adinarayana Rao]]
| screenplay = [[Thanjai N. Ramaiah Dass]]
| story = Adityan Ramakrishna Sastri
| starring = [[Gemini Ganesan]] [[Anjali Devi]]
| music = [[P. Adinarayana Rao]]
| cinematography =
| editing =
| studio = Anjali Pictures
| released = {{film date|df=yes|1962|8|31}}
| runtime = 2:56:41
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}
'''''Mangaiyar Ullam Mangatha Selvam''''' ({{translation|Women's heart is non-diminishing wealth}}) is a 1962 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language film directed by [[Vedantam Raghavayya]]. The film stars [[Gemini Ganesan]] and [[Anjali Devi]].<ref name="lakshmansruthi">{{Cite web |title=1962 - மங்கையர் உள்ளம் மங்காத செல்வம் (த - தெ) அஞ்சலி பிக்சர்ஸ் |trans-title=1962 - Mangaiyar Ullam Mangatha Selvam (ta - te) Anjali Pictures |url=http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1962-cinedetails30.asp |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://archive.today/20171229013928/http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/cineprofiles/1962-cinedetails30.asp |archive-date=29 December 2017 |access-date=29 December 2017 |website=[[Lakshman Sruthi]] |language=Tamil}}</ref> It was released on 31 August 1962.

== Plot ==
{{No plot|date=January 2021}}

==Cast==
This list is adapted from the book ''Thiraikalanjiyam Part-2''.<ref name="neelamegam">{{Cite book |last=Neelamegam |first=G. |title=Thiraikalanjiyam — Part 2 |publisher=Manivasagar Publishers |year=2016 |location=Chennai |language=Tamil}}</ref>

{{Col-begin|width=60%}}
{{col-break|width=30%}}
;Male cast
*[[Gemini Ganesan]]
*[[M. R. Radha]]
*[[V. Nagayya|Nagayya]]
*[[Nagesh]]
*S. Rama Rao
{{col-break|width=41%}}
;Male cast (Contd.)
*Mahalingam
*Subramaniam
*Ramachandra Rao
*Satyam
{{col-break|width=28%}}
;Female cast
*[[Anjali Devi]]
*[[P. Kannamba]]
*[[Jayanthi (actress)|Jayanthi]]
*Meenakumari
*Maheswari
{{Col-end}}

==Production==
The film was produced by [[P. Adinarayana Rao]], who also scored the music, under the banner ''Anjali Pictures''. [[Vedantam Raghavayya]] who is also a choreographer, directed the film. The film was made in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] with the title ''[[Swarna Manjari]]''.{{Sfn|Rajadhyaksha|Willemen|1998|pp=352, 616}} [[N. T. Rama Rao]] replaced [[Gemini Ganesan]] as the hero. [[Thanjai N. Ramaiah Dass]] wrote the dialogues for the Tamil version of the film.<ref name="lakshmansruthi" />

==Soundtrack==
Music was composed by [[P. Adinarayana Rao]].<ref name="neelamegam" />

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! Song !! Singer/s !! Lyricist !! Length
|-
| "Mangaadha Pirai Soodum Gangaadharaa...Jal Jal Sathangai"
|| Ghantasala & Susheela || rowspan=8|[[Thanjai N. Ramaiah Dass]]|| 02:41
|-
| "Vaazhga Needooli Mannavaa" || P. Susheela & Nagayya || 06:20
|-
| "Kalaiye Jegam Pugazh Jeeva Kalaiye" || Ghantasala ||
|-
| "Indha Vaalibamum Vaanavillu" || rowspan=2|S. Janaki || 02:34
|-
| "Sollaamale Sollavaa Indru Sudhanthira Naalallavaa" ||
|-
| "Arugil Vaa Vaa Enaik Kaavaa" || P. Susheela || 01:03
|-
| "Idhuve Vaazhvil Aanandhame" || P. Susheela & P. B. Srinivas || 03:31
|-
| "Yenoh Yenoh En Naalum Illaa Aanandame" || P. Susheela, S. Janaki & P. B. Srinivas ||
|-
| "Mangala Medai Maalai Selvam" || P. Susheela & S. Janaki || rowspan=2|[[Kannadasan]]|| 01:20
|-
| "Ammaa...Seyyaadha Paavam Soozhndhathe" || T. M. Soundararajan ||
|}

== Release and reception ==
''Mangaiyar Ullam Mangatha Selvam'' was released on 31 August 1962.<ref>{{Cite news |date=26 February 2016 |title=அஞ்சலி தேவி: 4. நடிகர் திலகத்தின் பாஸ் ! |language=ta |work=[[Dinamani]] |url=https://www.dinamani.com/junction/kanavukkannigal/2016/feb/27/4.-%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D--1285257.html |url-status=live |access-date=14 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213055003/https://www.dinamani.com/junction/kanavukkannigal/2016/feb/27/4.-%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D--1285257.html |archive-date=13 December 2021}}</ref> On the same day, ''[[The Indian Express]]'' wrote, "Unimaginatively contrived, the film is vivid and artistic, without being precise. Its pictorial imagery falls to blend with the story content, which is thin and far in excess of the usual padding and synthetic thrills."<ref>{{Cite news |date=31 August 1962 |title=Mangayar Ullam Mangatha Selvam |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&dat=19620831&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |access-date=28 August 2018 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |pages=3 |via=[[Google News Archive]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
* {{Cite book |last1=Rajadhyaksha |first1=Ashish |title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Cinema |last2=Willemen |first2=Paul |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] and [[Oxford University Press]] |year=1998 |isbn=0-19-563579-5 |author-link=Ashish Rajadhyaksha |author-link2=Paul Willemen |orig-date=1994}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title|0256914}}

{{Vedantam Raghavayya}}
[[Category:1962 Indian films]]
[[Category:1962 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Vedantam Raghavayya]]
[[Category:Films scored by P. Adinarayana Rao]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Network (2019 film)

2026-03-04T00:31:25Z

Heymfaizanali: put up first info basic info

{{short description|2019 Indian film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2018}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Network
| image = Network Film Poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Saptaswa Basu]]
| producer = Priti Basu Saptaswa Basu
| screenplay = Rini Ghosh [[Saptaswa Basu]]
| starring = [[Saswata Chatterjee]] [[Sabyasachi Chakraborty]] Rini Ghosh Bhaskar Banerjee Indrajit Mazumder Saptarshi Roy [[Saayoni Ghosh]] Anindya Chatterjee [[Darshana Banik]] Rana Basu Thakur
| music = [[Dabbu]] Raz Dee Chirantan Banerjee Aviraj Sen
| cinematography = Prosenjit Chowdhury (DOP) Ankit Sengupta (additional cinematography)
| editing = Anirban Maity [[Saptaswa Basu]] (co-editor)
| studio = Neo Studios
| released = {{film date|df=yes|2019|6|28|}}
| country = India
| language = Bengali
| budget = {{INRConvert|15|m}}
}}
'''''Network''''' is an Indian [[Bengali language|Bengali]] language [[thriller film]], starring [[Saswata Chatterjee]], [[Sabyasachi Chakraborty]], Rini Ghosh, Bhaskar Banerjee, Indrajit Mazumder, Saptarshi Roy, Kartikey Tripathi, Eshani Ghosh, [[Saayoni Ghosh]], Anindya Chatterjee, and [[Darshana Banik]]. The film is the debut feature of director [[Saptaswa Basu]] who has co-written the screenplay with Rini Ghosh. This is the first Bengali feature film to feature a song of the RnB genre which is composed and sung by Raz Dee. The promotional track of this film is sung by [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]] and composed by [[Dabbu]]. The other songs are composed by Chirantan Banerjee and Aviraj Sen.

The film was theatrically released on 28 June 2019.<ref name="network">{{cite web|url=http://www.tollytrip.com/filmy/network-first-look-poster-launch/|title=Network : First Look Launch|date=22 March 2017|publisher=Tollytrip|accessdate=6 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sholoanabangaliana.in/blog/2017/03/19/upcoming-bengali-film-network-announced-film-to-begin-shooting-soon/|title=Upcoming Bengali Film Network Announced – Sholoanabangaliana Portal|first=Sholoana|last=Bangaliana|website=sholoanabangaliana.in|accessdate=6 July 2017|archive-date=26 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170826163407/http://sholoanabangaliana.in/blog/2017/03/19/upcoming-bengali-film-network-announced-film-to-begin-shooting-soon/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gulgal.com/filmy/first-look-launch-of-network/|title=শাশ্বত চ্যাটার্জী'র এই "নেটওয়ার্ক" বেশ স্ট্রং!|date=19 March 2017|publisher=Gulgal|accessdate=6 July 2017}}</ref><ref name="ebela.in">{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/previews/network/articleshow/69323055.cms|title=‘Network’|website=Times of India |date=14 May 2019|access-date=4 September 2019}}</ref>

==Plot==
Abhijit Ganguly [Saswata Chatterjee] is a film director who has long lost his fame. After his daughter's death he has turned into a walking shadow, who is recognized by no one. When he gets to know about his terminal disease, which will allow him to live only for one more year, he decides to put in all his resources to make a new film and make a comeback to regain his lost fame. He is helped by his lawyer friend Subrata (Bhaskar Bannerjee), and teams up with a group of talented actors and a production management team including Raj and Shreya, who become very trusted to him. However, he is betrayed by these very associates and is left ruined. His arch rival Arindam (Sabyasachi Chakraborty) induces Raj n Shreya to sell the script and offers them the role of hero and heroine. Broken, Abhijit has no way out, so with his last ditch effort he creates a reality TV show named "Their Life", a unique show which deals with celebrity lifestyle. Through this show, he starts exploring and exposing Raj, Sreya and Arindam to take revenge on the persons who betrayed him one by one.

==Cast==
* [[Saswata Chatterjee]] as Abhijit Ganguly
* [[Sabyasachi Chakraborty]] as Arindam Chakraborty
* Rini Ghosh as Shreya
* Indrajit Mazumder as Raj
* Kartikey Tripathi as Subho
* [[Bhaskar Banerjee]] as Subrata
* Eshani Ghosh as Puja
* [[Saayoni Ghosh]] as Priyanka (special appearance)
* Saptarshi Roy as Arjun Chatterjee
* Akshay Kapoor as Mr. Agarwal
* Anindya Chatterjee as Joy (special appearance)
* [[Darshana Banik]] as Prerna (special appearance)
* Rana Basu Thakur as Mr. Bose
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Gallery.aspx?id=01_07_2017_109_028_002&type=P&artUrl=FROM-THE-FLOORS-01072017109028&eid=31812|title=The Times Group|website=epaperbeta.timesofindia.com|accessdate=6 July 2017}}{{dead link|date=April 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.anandabazar.com/entertainment/first-look-launch-of-film-network-dgtl-1.581886|title=‘নেটওয়ার্ক’-এ প্রতিশোধ নেবেন শাশ্বত?|publisher=|accessdate=6 July 2017}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gulgal.com/filmy/network-a-film-by-saptaswa-basu/|title=দর্শকরদের সাথে আরও নেটওয়ার্ক স্ট্রং করছেন শাশ্বত'রা !|date=17 July 2017|publisher=}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gulgal.com/filmy/tollywood/two-newcomers-entrapped-industry/|title=ইন্ডাস্ট্রির জালে জড়িয়ে পড়েছে এই দুই নবাগত !|date=22 February 2018|publisher=Gulgul}}</ref>
<ref name="Tollytrip coverage">{{cite web|url=http://www.tollytrip.com/filmy/saswata-sabyasachi-together-network|title=Network - Saswata and Sabyasachi together in Saptaswa's - 'Network'!|date=21 July 2017|publisher=Tollytrip}}</ref>
<ref name="First time RnB song in Bengali film">{{cite web|url=http://www.tollytrip.com/music/upcoming-bengali-cinema-network-song-2|title="NETWORK" Presents Yet Another Genre to Indian Music..!|date=23 November 2017|publisher=Tollytrip}}</ref>
<ref name="Network will release in Summer">{{cite web|url=http://www.gulgal.com/filmy/anindya-and-darshana-network/|title=হালকা সাজে, আলতো শীতে জমে যাক এই সরস্বতী পুজো!|date=22 January 2018|publisher=Gulgul}}</ref>

==Filming==
The film commenced its [[principal photography]] in mid 2017 and was wrapped up in early 2018. It was completed in three schedules including a song schedule, with intervals in between, to give time for rough edits and re-shoot decisions. A separate schedule was planned to shoot the climax sequence. The film has been shot in [[Kolkata]], Bakrahat, [[Tajpur, West Bengal|Tajpur]] sea beach, Purple Movie town, Moon city studios and Raichak on Ganges. A few stock shots for the TV show sequence were shot in [[Andaman Islands|Andaman]], [[Goa]] and [[Bangkok]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NyYTlD9xgZs&t=5s|title=NETWORK filmimg coverage Part 1}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BbGSD1KW7v4|title=NETWORK filming coverage Part 2}}</ref>

==Soundtrack==
{{Infobox album
| name = Network
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = [[Dabbu]], [[Raz Dee]], Chirantan Banerjee and Aviraj Sen
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 2019
| recorded = 2018
| venue =
| studio = [[Amara Muzik Bengali]]
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = {{Duration|m=
|s=}}
| label = Amara Muzik Bengali
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
| misc = {{Singles
| name = Network
| type = Soundtrack
| single1 = Tokey Chhara (তোকে ছাড়া)
| single1date = 1 Oct 2018
| single2 = Deewana Bole Dake Amay
| single2date = 13 Feb 2019
| single3 =
| single3date =
}}
}}

{{track listing
| all_writing =
| all_lyrics =
| all_music = [[Dabbu]], [[Raz Dee]], Chirantan Banerjee and Aviraj Sen
| extra_column = Singer
| title1 = Tokey Chhara
| length1 = 3:04
| lyrics1 = [[Abhishek Bagchi]], Raz Dee
| extra1 = Raz Dee
| music1 = Raz Dee
| title2 = Deewana Bole Dake Amay
| length2 = 4:22
| lyrics2 = [[Satrujit Dasgupta]]
| extra2 = [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], [[Jayeeta Roy]]
| music2 = Dabbu
| title3 =
| length3 =
| lyrics3 =
| extra3 =
| music3 =
}}
{{clear}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|id=5057746|title=Network}}
* [https://www.allmovie.com/movie/network-am215274 ''Network'' at AllMovie]

[[Category:Bengali-language Indian films]]
[[Category:2019 Bengali-language films]]
[[Category:2019 films]]
[[Category:Indian thriller films]]
[[Category:2019 thriller films]]

Varnakkazhchakal

2026-03-03T21:38:56Z

Heymfaizanali: added structure for accuracy and added references per sources

{{Short description|2000 Indian film by Sundar Das}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Varnakkazchchakal
| image = Varnakkazhchakal VCD cover.webp
| caption = VCD cover
| director = [[Sundar Das]]
| producer = K. C. Jose
| writer = V. C. Ashok
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* [[Dileep]]
* [[Poornima Indrajith]]
* [[Jagathy Sreekumar]]
}}
| music = [[Mohan Sithara]]
| cinematography = [[Ramachandra Babu]]
| editing = [[L. Bhoominathan]]
| studio = Suryakanthi Productions
| distributor = Suryakanthi Productions
| released = {{Film date|2000|08|10|df=y}}
| country = India
| language = Malayalam
}}

'''''Varnakkazchchakal''''' ({{Translation|Colorful Views}}) is a 2000 Indian [[Malayalam]]-language [[comedy drama]] film directed by [[Sundar Das]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.keralatalkies.com/varnakazhchakal/ |title=Varnakazhchakal - Mini Site |website=www.keralatalkies.com |access-date=28 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000824021530/http://www.keralatalkies.com/varnakazhchakal/ |archive-date=24 August 2000 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The film stars [[Dileep]], [[Poornima Indrajith]], and [[Jagathy Sreekumar]] in lead roles. It has a musical score by [[Mohan Sithara]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.malayalachalachithram.com/movie.php?i=3252|title=Varnakkaazhchakal|access-date=2014-10-07|publisher=www.malayalachalachithram.com|archive-date=11 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011130623/http://www.malayalachalachithram.com/movie.php?i=3252|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://malayalasangeetham.info/m.php?1573|title=Varnakkaazhchakal|access-date=2014-10-07|publisher=malayalasangeetham.info|archive-date=11 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011200907/http://malayalasangeetham.info/m.php?1573|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Plot==
The story deals with an aristocratic family and its filial defects. Kunju is the youngest member of the aristocratic family and has an elder brother, Sudhakaran Menon, whom everyone respects and fears. Kunju's sister-in-law is led by greed and halts any marriage proposals coming to Kunju to avoid sharing family wealth. Kunju's brother also follows his wife's lead in this matter. However, the elder brother's business deals result in losses which puts the family's livelihood at stake. His pride makes him fall further into debt.

Kunju suffers from [[schizophreniform disorder]] after witnessing the death of his girlfriend, Malavika, during his college days in Palakkad. He falls in love with a lower-class woman, Sridevi, despite the objections of his family. Sudhakaran Menon gets cheated by his lawyer and their clay factory is confiscated through illegal means. This disturbs Kunju and he attacks the new owners in a psychotic fit and kills those who cheated them. Sudhakaran Menon asks Kunju for forgiveness for his misdoings. The court absolves Kunju from his actions citing his mental disorder. Eventually, Kunju unites with Sridevi.

==Cast==
{{colbegin}}
*[[Dileep (actor)|Dileep]] as Kunju
*[[Poornima Mohan]] as Sreedevi/Cheeru
*Sishwa as Malavika
*[[Sangeetha Krish|Sangeetha]] as Susan
*[[Jagathy Sreekumar]] as Kaimal
*[[Kalabhavan Mani]] as Kunjandi
*[[KPAC Lalitha]] as Kunju's mother
*[[Ambika (actress)|Ambika]] as Bhagyalakshmi
*[[Bindu Panicker]] as Saumini
*KPAC Premachandran as Haridas, Renuka's father
*[[K. T. S. Padannayil]] as Jayaraman, Damu's relative
*[[Lena (actress)|Lena]] as Renuka
*[[Mala Aravindan]] as Chathutti
*Manka Mahesh as Renuka's mother
*[[N. F. Varghese]] as Sudhakaran Menon
*[[Oduvil Unnikrishnan]] as Pothuval
*[[Ponnamma Babu]] as Subadra
*[[Ravi Menon]] as Shankarankutty, Subadra's husband
*[[Risabava]] as Thomachan
*[[Sreenath]] as Advocate Satheesh
*[[Jagannatha Varma]] as Bhageerathan, Malavika's father
*[[Sruthi Lakshmi]] as Child artist
*Chandrika
*Kozhikode Sarada as Kali
*Nandu Pothuval as Peon
*Sreehari as Damu
{{colend}}

==Soundtrack==
The music was composed by [[Mohan Sithara]] and the lyrics were written by [[Yusufali Kechery]].
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! No. !! Song !! Singers !! Lyrics !! Length (m:ss)
|-
| 1 || "Ente Peru Vilikkayaano" || [[K. J. Yesudas]], [[K. S. Chithra]] || [[Yusufali Kechery]] ||
|-
| 2 || "Hamsadhwani" || K. J. Yesudas, K. S. Chithra || Yusufali Kechery ||
|-
| 3 || "Hamsadhwani" || K. J. Yesudas || Yusufali Kechery ||
|-
| 4 || "Indraneelam" || K. S. Chithra || Yusufali Kechery ||
|-
| 5 || "Indraneelam" (M) || K. J. Yesudas || Yusufali Kechery ||
|-
| 6 || "Moonam Thrikannil" || K. S. Chithra, [[Mohan Sithara]] || Yusufali Kechery ||
|-
| 7 || "Pattu Chutti" || K. S. Chithra, Chorus || Yusufali Kechery ||
|-
| 8 || "Pattu Chutti Pottum" (M) || K. J. Yesudas || Yusufali Kechery ||
|}

== Reception ==
A critic from ''indiainfo.com'' wrote, " Sunderdas has, through ''Varnakaazhchakal'', made a film that reiterates that family subjects don’t easily lose their charm as far as Malayalam cinema is concerned".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://movies.indiainfo.com/malayalam/reviews/varna.html |title=Indiainfo: Malayalam: Movie Reviews |website=movies.indiainfo.com |access-date=28 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010211012613/http://movies.indiainfo.com/malayalam/reviews/varna.html |archive-date=11 February 2001 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|0384648|Varnnakazhchakal}}

[[Category:2000 films]]
[[Category:Indian comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Palakkad]]
[[Category:2000 Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Mohan Sithara]]
[[Category:Films directed by Sundar Das]]

{{2000s-Malayalam-film-stub}}

Chavittu

2026-03-03T09:46:06Z

Heymfaizanali: Stub

{{short description|Malayalam-language film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}

{{Infobox film
| name =
| image = Chavittu poster.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| native_name = 
| director = Shinos Rahman Sajas Rahman
| writer = Shinos Rahman Sajas Rahman
| screenplay =
| story =
| based_on =
| producer = [[Sharaf U Dheen]]
| starring =
| narrator =
| cinematography = Mukesh Muraleedharan
| editing = Shinos Rahman Sajas Rahman
| music = Ajeesh Anto
| studio =
| distributor = 
| released = {{Film date|2022|01||[[International Film Festival Rotterdam|IFFR]]}}
| runtime = 85 minutes
| country = India
| language = Malayalam
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Chavittu''''' ({{Lit|Stomp}}) is a 2022 Indian [[Malayalam]]-language drama film written, edited and directed by Rahman brothers, Shinos & Sajas.<ref name="NIE">{{Cite web |last=U R |first=Arya |date=28 May 2022 |title='Nishiddho' - Tara Ramanujan's take on migrants, wins hearts at Kerala film awards |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/2022/may/28/nishiddho---tara-ramanujans-take-on-migrants-wins-hearts-at-kerala-film-awards-2458828.html |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> The film is the maiden production of actor [[Sharaf U Dheen]] under the banner ''Sharafudheen & Friends''. The members of the Little Earth Theatre troupe based in [[Malappuram]] form the major cast of the film.<ref>{{Cite web |last=M |first=Krishna Prasad |date=24 March 2022 |title=Chavittu provides a perfect homage to drama |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/review/chavittu-provides-a-perfect-homage-to-drama-1.7372049 |website=Mathrubhumi}}</ref> A hybrid of [[Documentary film|documentary]] and [[Dramatization|dramatisation]], the film pays homage to the talented and hardworking theatre artists while juxtaposing it with the hypocrisy of the supposed elite society.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kahlon |first=Sukhpreet |date=14 May 2022 |title=Chavittu review: A provocative and captivating satire that pulsates with life |url=https://www.cinestaan.com/reviews/chavittu-48730 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220515072034/https://www.cinestaan.com/reviews/chavittu-48730 |url-status=live |archive-date=15 May 2022 |website=Cinestaan}}</ref>

The film premiered at the ''Harbour'' section of [[International Film Festival Rotterdam]] and also got screened at 25th [[International Film Festival of Kerala]] in the ''Malayalam Cinema Today'' category.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Chavittu {{!}} P&I Selection 2022 |url=https://iffr.com/en/expanded/2022/films/chavittu |website=IFFR {{!}} International Film Festival Rotterdam}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=IANS |first=Mansoor |date=27 January 2022 |title=Malayalam film Chavittu selected for Rotterdam film fest |url=https://www.siasat.com/malayalam-film-chavittu-selected-for-rotterdam-film-fest-2265615/ |website=The Siasat Daily}}</ref> The film won several awards at the [[52nd Kerala State Film Awards]] in 2022.<ref name="NIE"/>

== Synopsis ==
Somewhere in the Indian state of [[Kerala]], a theatre company prepares for its performance during festivities. They arrive early, rehearse their piece, and put the finishing touches to the scenery. This alternates with atmospheric scenes of men rehearsing, singing, and perfecting choreographies at a remote location in nature. In the meantime, the theatre slowly fills with other acts, family, and organisers who sometimes interfere with the theatre group. When evening has come at last, various acts are performed and speeches are given before the group can finally stand in the spotlights.

== Cast ==

* Arun Lal
* Rajesh MP
* Akhil KP
* Mithun Lal
* Suresh K
* Srijesh K
* Abit PT

== Awards ==
Arun Asok and Sonu KP won the [[National Film Award for Best Sound Design]] in the Location Sound Recordist category for their work on ''Chavittu'', at the [[69th National Film Awards]].<ref>{{Cite press release|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/69th-national-film-awards-2023-winners-list-8907028/|title=69th National Film Awards 2023 complete winners list: Rocketry, Alia Bhatt, Kriti Sanon, Allu Arjun, RRR, Gangubai Kathiawadi win big|date=24 August 2023 |access-date=9 October 2024}}</ref>

At the [[52nd Kerala State Film Awards]], the film received awards in several categories:<ref>{{cite press release|title=52nd Kerala State Film Awards: The complete winners list |work=[[The Indian Express]] |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/52nd-kerala-state-film-awards-the-full-winners-list-live-updates-7939205/ |date=28 May 2022 |access-date=9 October 2024}}</ref>
* [[Kerala State Film Award for Second Best Film|Second Best Film]]
* [[Kerala State Film Award for Best Sound Recordist|Best Sound Recordist]], Best Sync Sound category (Arun Asok and Sonu KP)
* [[Kerala State Film Award for Best Choreography|Best Choreography]] (Arun Lal)

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:2022 films]]
[[Category:Films about social issues in India]]
[[Category:2022 Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:2022 drama films]]

Chinna (2005 film)

2026-03-03T04:27:31Z

Heymfaizanali: correct structure after review

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Chinna (2005 film).jpg
| caption = Poster
| director = [[Sundar C]]
| writer = Sundar C
| producer = Sreenivasa Raju
| starring = [[Arjun Sarja|Arjun]] [[Sneha (actress)|Sneha]]
| cinematography = [[Prasad Murella]]
| editing = [[Kasi Viswanathan]]
| music = [[D. Imman]]
| studio = Sri Sri Chitra
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2005|07|15}}
| runtime = 150 minutes
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}

'''''Chinna''''' ({{translation|Little}}) is a 2005 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[romantic thriller]] film written and directed by [[Sundar C]]. The film stars [[Arjun Sarja|Arjun]] and [[Sneha (actress)|Sneha]] in lead roles. It was released on 15 July 2005.<ref>{{Cite web |title=சின்னா / Chinna (2005) |url=https://screen4screen.com/movies/chinna |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240226041722/https://screen4screen.com/movies/chinna |archive-date=26 February 2024 |access-date=26 February 2024 |website=Screen 4 Screen}}</ref>

== Plot ==
The film begins with Gayathri marrying an irrigation engineer against her wishes. As she goes through with her marriage in autopilot, her sunken heart reflects on her past. Gayathri, a marine student, goes to Rameswaram to study coral reefs and marine ecosystems while staying with her uncle and cousin in a fisherman hamlet. There, she witnesses Chinna and his assistants – local mobsters working for a gang – committing violent crimes. Though she wanted to report these crimes to the local SP, her uncle and cousin dissuade her. Meanwhile, she asks her uncle for a guide to take her locations that are rich in marine life. Her uncle asks Chinna to help Gayathri in her pursuit. After a couple of close encounters with Chinna, Gayathri understands his soft, childlike nature and vows to reform him into a socially acceptable man. Later, love blossoms between them. Even as Chinna tries to straighten his ways, a violent feud ensues between him and the local gang. Trying to save Gayathri, Chinna kills the gang leader and is sentenced to life imprisonment. Taking advantage of Chinna's absence, Gayathri's parents marry her to the irrigation engineer. As the flashback ends, the story ploughs through the second half, where Chinna, characterised by his obsession with "Gayathri", kills people working against his goal to attain his ladylove. At the end, after much drama, when Chinna almost kills Gayathri's husband, Gayathri shoots him in order to save her husband. Chinna asks Gayathri if she had feelings for him then, for at least a second. Just after she nods her head saying yes, he jumps off the building. The movie ends there, indicating his death.

== Cast ==
{{cast listing|
* [[Arjun Sarja|Arjun]] as Chinna
* [[Sneha (actress)|Sneha]] as Gayathri
* [[Vijayakumar (Tamil actor)|Vijayakumar]] as Gayathri's uncle and ex-police officer
* [[Vikramaditya Shukla|Vikramaditya]] as Gayathri's husband
* [[Vadivelu]] as Kumar
* [[J. Livingston|Livingston]] as Police Officer
* [[Mansoor Ali Khan (actor)|Mansoor Ali Khan]] as Chinna's friend
* [[Ponnambalam (actor)|Ponnambalam]] as Chinna's friend
* [[Manivannan]] as Sabapathy
* [[Vinu Chakravarthy]] as Gayathri's uncle
* [[Jayaprakash Reddy]] as Chinna's ex-boss
* [[Shreekumar]] as Soosai
* [[Aarthi (actress)|Aarthi]] as Maha
* [[M. S. Bhaskar]]
* [[Riyaz Khan]]
* [[Besant Ravi]]
* [[Kiran Rathod]], Special appearance in an [[item number]] Song
}}

==Production==
The film saw Sundar and Arjun collaborating for second time after ''[[Giri (film)|Giri]]'' (2004).<ref>{{cite web |date=19 January 2005 |title=Sundar C's 'Chinna' |url=http://www.cinesouth.com/masala/hotnews/new/19012005-5.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050207061221/http://www.cinesouth.com/masala/hotnews/new/19012005-5.shtml |archive-date=7 February 2005 |access-date=17 October 2024 |website=Cinesouth}}</ref> Filming began on 17 January 2005 and was held at Rameshwaram, Dhanushkodi and Pamban.<ref>{{cite web |date=21 January 2005 |title=Sundar C, Arjun duo again in 'Chinna' |url=http://www.cinesouth.com/masala/hotnews/new/21012005-2.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050207064941/http://www.cinesouth.com/masala/hotnews/new/21012005-2.shtml |archive-date=7 February 2005 |access-date=17 October 2024 |website=Cinesouth}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
The music was composed by [[D. Imman]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chinna (2005) |url=https://www.raaga.com/tamil/album/Chinna-songs-T0000686 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20231018051606/https://www.raaga.com/tamil/album/Chinna-songs-T0000686 |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=18 October 2023 |website=[[Raaga.com]]}}</ref>

{{Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| headline = Track listing
| title1 = Bailare Bailare
| lyrics1 = [[Pa. Vijay]]
| extra1 = [[Sunitha Sarathy]]
| length1 =
| title2 = Kaalangathala
| lyrics2 = [[Palani Bharathi]]
| extra2 = [[KK (singer)|KK]], [[Anuradha Sriram]]
| length2 =
| title3 = Osthara Pilusthunara
| lyrics3 = [[Ceylon Manohar]]
| extra3 = [[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]], [[Devan Ekambaram|Devan]], [[Ranjith (singer)|Ranjith]]
| length3 =
| title4 = Tholaidhoora Nilave
| lyrics4 = Pa. Vijay
| extra4 = [[D. Imman]]
| length4 =
| title5 = Yaar Yaaro
| lyrics5 = Palani Bharathi
| extra5 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
| length5 =
}}

== Reception ==
Malini Mannath of ''Chennai Online'' wrote, "Arjun, expectedly, does his fights and stunts with flair, his intense grim look suiting the role well. It's when the story moves into the second half that the director falters".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mannath |first=Malini |date=22 July 2005 |title=Chinna |url=http://www.chennaionline.com/film/Moviereviews/2005/07chinna.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061015214310/http://www.chennaionline.com/film/Moviereviews/2005/07chinna.asp |archive-date=15 October 2006 |access-date=14 March 2022 |website=Chennai Online}}</ref> Malathi Rangarajan of ''[[The Hindu]]'' wrote, "The first aspect that strikes one as odd is the number of climaxes that stretch the length of the film beyond a point of endurance. With better control over the script, the narration would have been more interesting".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rangarajan |first=Malathi |date=22 July 2005 |title=A long winding narration |url=http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/fr/2005/07/22/stories/2005072200510200.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061120092427/http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/fr/2005/07/22/stories/2005072200510200.htm |archive-date=20 November 2006 |access-date=18 October 2023 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> Visual Dasan of ''[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]]'' wrote Sundar made a masala out of mixing ''Gunaa'' and ''Kadhal Konden'' in second half, praised Sneha's acting and Sundar for casting antagonists Mansoor Ali Khan and Ponnambalam in humorous characters and concluded saying is it possible to make a new film on age old plot just for the screenplay which never stumbles.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=தாசன் |first=விஷுவல் |date=31 July 2005 |title=சின்னா |url=https://archive.org/details/kalki2005-07-31/page/n1/mode/2up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240421144438/https://archive.org/details/kalki2005-07-31/page/n1/mode/2up |archive-date=21 April 2024 |access-date=21 April 2024 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |page=1 |language=ta |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> G. Ulaganathan of ''[[Deccan Herald]]'' wrote "There is a lot of drama and good performances from the lead pair, but the movie lacks depth".<ref>{{cite web |last=Ulaganathan |first=G. |date=24 July 2005 |title=Chinna |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/jul242005/movies1616102005724.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070204172550/http://www.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/jul242005/movies1616102005724.asp |archive-date=4 February 2007 |access-date=4 April 2025 |website=[[Deccan Herald]]}}</ref> ''Sify'' wrote "What do you normally expect in a Sundar.C movie? Action, comedy, hot item numbers, barely clad heroines, and racy narration are his forte. But unfortunately, Chinna lacks some of these elements notably comedy as the director tries to make a morbid drama of an obsessive lover that moves at lethargic pace".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sify.com/movies/chinna-review--pclvKOgihafba.html|title=Chinna|website=Sify|access-date=22 November 2025|date=17 July 2005|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200711130101/https://www.sify.com/movies/chinna-review--pclvKOgihafba.html|archive-date=11 July 2020}}</ref> Regarding the Telugu dubbed version ''Koti'', a critic from ''[[Telugucinema.com]]'' wrote that "it is pucca [pakka] Tamil film – typical Tamil films’ clichés like a street song, silly comedy, and excessive melodrama. It hardly impresses".<ref>{{Cite web |last=G. |first=Jalapathy |date=28 April 2009 |title=Movie review: Koti |url=http://www.telugucinema.com/c/publish/moviereviews/koti.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090428164849/http://www.telugucinema.com/c/publish/moviereviews/koti.php |archive-date=28 April 2009 |access-date=26 June 2024 |website=[[Telugucinema.com]]}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title}}
*{{Rotten Tomatoes}}
{{Sundar C.}}

[[Category:2005 Indian films]]
[[Category:2000s romantic thriller films]]
[[Category:2005 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:2005 films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Sundar C]]
[[Category:Films scored by D. Imman]]
[[Category:Indian romantic thriller films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language romantic thriller films]]

Oru Nadigaiyin Vaakkumoolam

2026-03-03T03:25:29Z

Heymfaizanali: put up a entry first draft

{{Short description|2012 Indian film by Rajkrishna}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Oru Nadigaiyin Vaakkumoolam poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| writer = Rajkrishna
| starring = [[Sonia Agarwal]]
| director = Rajkrishna
| producer = [[Punnagai Poo Gheetha]]
| music = Aathish
| cinematography = Naga Krishnan
| studio = SG Films Pvt Ltd
| editing = B. S. Vasu
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2012|02|10}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}

'''''Oru Nadigaiyin Vaakkumoolam''''' ({{translation|Confessions of an Actress}}) is a 2012 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language film, written and directed by Rajkrishna. The film stars [[Sonia Agarwal]], with Kabil, Sathan, [[Urmila Unni]], [[Raj Kapoor (Tamil film director)|Rajkapoor]], [[Kovai Sarala]], and [[Ganja Karuppu]] in supporting roles. The music for the film was composed by Aathish with cinematography by Naga Krishnan and editing by B. S. Vasu. The film was released on 10 February 2012.

== Plot ==
The movie begins with a scribe named Rita searching for the actress Anjali. Anjali had disappeared after being a famous heroine. All searches to find this actress ended up as a failure. After the journalist finds her after many feats of hardships, there is a flashback revealing Anjali's travails. Being the daughter of a poor folk artiste named Devarajulu, her mother has been going to places to make her daughter an actress and reached Kodambakkam. After painfully climbing stairs and being rejected in every studio in Kodambakkam and [[Vadapalani]], they agree on casting couch unhappily. However, Anjali gets her heroine role and makes it her debut after a compromise. This leads to a greed change in her mother to get money and leaves her in debt. After being humiliated by people in the industry exploiting her, she takes one of the film's extreme decisions. Thus, her discussions and other events lead up to the climax of the movie.

==Cast==
{{colbegin}}
* [[Sonia Agarwal]] as Anjali
* [[Urmila Unni]] as Girija
* [[Kovai Sarala]] as Papi
* [[Ganja Karuppu]] as Arokkiyasamy
* [[Raj Kapoor (Tamil film director)|Raj Kapoor]] as Director
* Sathan
* Kabil
* [[Nicole (actress)|Nicole]]
* [[Manobala]]
* [[Jyothi Lakshmi]]
* [[Robert (choreographer)|Robert]]
* Yogi Devaraj as Devarajulu
* Sukran as Datchinamurthy
* Boys Rajan as SG TV Channel MD
* Veyil Venkatesan
* Velmurugan
* [[Muthukaalai]]
* [[Punnagai Poo Gheetha]] as Rita (cameo appearance)
* Radha Krishnan in a special appearance
* [[Jithan Ramesh]] as himself (special appearance)
* [[Vikraman]] as himself (special appearance)
* [[A. Venkatesh (director)|A. Venkatesh]] as himself (special appearance)
* [[Suraj (director)|Suraj]] as himself (special appearance)
{{colend}}

==Production==
[[Sonia Agarwal]] accepted to work on the film after relating to script, stating that she also went through certain hardships during her time as an actress and lost weight to star in the film.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Raghavan |first=Nikhil |date=6 August 2011 |title=Itsy Bitsy |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/itsy-bitsy/article2330555.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211220144640/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/itsy-bitsy/article2330555.ece |archive-date=20 December 2021 |access-date=3 June 2020 |work=The Hindu |via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sonia Agarwal On The Casting Couch - Sonia Agarwal - Oru Nadigaiyin Vaakumoolam - Tamil Movie News - Behindwoods.com |url=http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/feb-12-02/sonia-agarwal-oru-nadigaiyin-vaakumoolam-10-02-12.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603202629/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/feb-12-02/sonia-agarwal-oru-nadigaiyin-vaakumoolam-10-02-12.html |archive-date=3 June 2020 |access-date=3 June 2020 |website=www.behindwoods.com}}</ref> The actress however clarified to the media before release that the film was not based on her life or any other actress's life.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Supergoodmovies.com |url=http://www.supergoodmovies.com/28283/kollywood/sonai-agarwal-is-in-upset-news-details |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304194231/http://www.supergoodmovies.com/28283/kollywood/sonai-agarwal-is-in-upset-news-details |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=3 June 2020 |website=www.supergoodmovies.com}}</ref> The success of the Hindi film, ''[[The Dirty Picture]]'' (2011), which was based on the same theme, created extra publicity for the film.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ONV becomes the new Dirty Picture |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/onv-becomes-the-new-dirty-picture-news-tamil-lmkkbAceacjsi.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118123518/http://www.sify.com/movies/onv-becomes-the-new-dirty-picture-news-tamil-lmkkbAceacjsi.html |archive-date=18 November 2015 |access-date=9 August 2022 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> [[Nicole (actress)|Nicole]] was to supposed to shoot for the film for ten days but she stayed for twenty days at the insistentece of the film crew, out of which she only shot for five days.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 1, 2011 |title=Nicole hits back |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2011/Nov/01/nicole-hits-back-305885.html |access-date=21 April 2025 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>

==Soundtrack==
Soundtrack was composed by Aatish.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oru Nadigayin Vakku Moolam Songs: Oru Nadigayin Vakku Moolam MP3 Tamil Songs by Anandhan Online Free on Gaana.com |url=https://gaana.com/album/oru-nadigayin-vakku-moolam |access-date=3 June 2020 |via=gaana.com}}</ref>
*"Moondram Jenmam" - Anandhan, Anuradha Sriram
*"Vaanavil Idho" - Vinitha
*"Kaalai Sooriyan" - Ranjith
*"Cinema Cinema" - Mano

==Reception==
A critic from ''[[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]]'' noted "the narrative style is outdated, the proceedings are disjointed and the screenplay lacks any coherence or logic" and added "a theme that had the potential to be an engrossing tale turns out to be a dull fare with diluted and archaic approach".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rajkrishna's ham-handed approach mars 'Oru Nadigayin Vakkumoolam ' |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/rajkrishna-s-ham-handed-approach-mars-oru-nadigayin-vakkumoolam-tamil-movie-review-news-national-mcmpOdagggbsi.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118210802/http://www.sify.com/movies/rajkrishna-s-ham-handed-approach-mars-oru-nadigayin-vakkumoolam-tamil-movie-review-news-national-mcmpOdagggbsi.html |archive-date=18 November 2015 |access-date=9 August 2022 |website=[[Sify]] |agency=[[Indo-Asian News Service|IANS]]}}</ref> A critic from ''[[Sify]]'' noted that "a premise that has to be insightful, dark and disturbing falls flat with an amateurish direction, jarring music and background score, wrong supporting cast, tacky production values and an old fashioned presentation".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oru Nadigayin Vakkumoolam |url=https://www.sify.com/movies/oru-nadigayin-vakkumoolam--review-tamil-pcmapciahheaf.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718210849/http://www.sify.com/movies/oru-nadigayin-vakkumoolam--review-tamil-pcmapciahheaf.html |archive-date=18 July 2018 |access-date=3 June 2020 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> Likewise, ''[[The Hindu]]'' also gave the film a negative review, concluding the "script is weak and the dialogues repetitive".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Venkateswaran |first=Anand |date=11 February 2012 |title=Oru Nadigaiyin Vaakkumoolam: Dull confession |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/oru-nadigaiyin-vaakkumoolam-dull-confession/article2882523.ece |access-date=3 June 2020 |work=The Hindu}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}

[[Category:2012 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:2012 directorial debut films]]
[[Category:2012 films]]
[[Category:2012 Indian films]]
[[Category:Films about actors]]
[[Category:Films about filmmaking]]
[[Category:Films about women in India]]
[[Category:Indian feminist films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

2020–21 Churchill Brothers FC season

2026-03-01T22:19:23Z

Heymfaizanali: Creating A Pg

{{Short description|Indian football club season}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox football club season
|club = [[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|season = [[2020–21 in Indian football|'''2020–21''']]
|chairman = Valanka Alemao
|chrtitle = owner
|manager = [[Fernando Santiago Varela]]
|mgrtitle = Head coach
|stdtitle =
|stadium =
|league = [[I-League]]
|league result = [[2020–21 I-League|'''2nd''']]
|league2 =
|league2 result =
|cup1 =
|cup1 result =
|league topscorer = [[Luka Majcen]] (11 goals)
|season topscorer = Luka Majcen (11 goals)
|highest attendance =
|lowest attendance =
|average attendance = Closed Door
| pattern_la1 =
| pattern_la2 =
| pattern_b1 =
| pattern_b2 =
| pattern_ra1 =
| pattern_ra2 =
| leftarm1 = FF0000
| leftarm2 = 8CD1FF
| body1 = FF0000
| body2 = 8CD1FF
| rightarm1 = FF0000
| rightarm2 = 8CD1FF
| shorts1 = FF0000
| shorts2 = 8CD1FF
| socks1 = FF0000
| socks2 = 8CD1FF
|prevseason =
|nextseason =
}}
The '''2020–21 season''' was the 33rd season of [[Churchill Brothers S.C.]] in existence and Twelfth season in the [[I-League]].

==Team==
===First team squad===
{{updated|16 January 2021}}<ref>{{cite web| title = Squad| url = https://int.soccerway.com/teams/india/churchill-brothers-sc/3344/squad/| publisher= Soccerway| access-date = 16 January 2021}}</ref>
{{Fs start}}

{{Fs player|no=1|nat=IND|pos=GK|name=[[Shilton Paul]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|other=|no=2|nat=LBN|pos=DF|name=[[Hamza Kheir]]}}
{{Fs player|no=3|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=[[Mamit Vanlalduatsanga]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=4|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=[[Suresh Meitei]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=5|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=Vikas Saini|other=}}
{{Fs player|other=|no=6|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=[[Quan Gomes]]}}
{{Fs player|no=7|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=[[Clencio Pinto]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=8|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=[[Kingsley Fernandes]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=9|nat=SVN|pos=FW|name=[[Luka Majcen]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=10|nat=HON|pos=MF|name=[[Clayvin Zuniga]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|other=|no=11|nat=IND|pos=FW|name=[[Vinil Poojary]]}}
{{Fs player|no=13|nat=CIV|pos=MF|name=[[Bazie Armand]]|other=Captain}}
{{Fs player|no=14|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=[[Israil Gurung]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=15|nat=IND|pos=FW|name=[[H. A. Mohammedali (footballer, born 1994)|H. A. Mohammedali]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=17|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=[[Shubert Pereira]]|other=}}
{{fs mid}}
{{Fs player|no=18|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=[[Bryce Miranda]]}}
{{Fs player|other=|no=19|nat=IND|pos=FW|name=[[Lamgoulen Hangshing]]}}
{{Fs player|other=|no=20|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=Lalengzama Vangchhia}}
{{Fs player|no=21|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=Kamran Farooque|other=}}
{{Fs player|other=|no=22|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=Wendell Savio Coelho}}
{{Fs player|no=23|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=[[Keenan Almeida]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=25|nat=IND|pos=FW|name=Ginminthang Hangsing|other=}}
{{Fs player|other=|no=33|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=[[Richard Costa]]}}
{{Fs player|no=36|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=Fredsan Marshall|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=37|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=[[Jovel Martins]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=40|nat=IND|pos=GK|name=[[Nora Fernandes]]}}
{{Fs player|no=42|nat=IND|pos=GK|name=[[Shibinraj Kunniyil]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|other=|no=|nat=IND|pos=DF|name=[[Samuel Shadap]]}}
{{Fs player|no=|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=[[Sourav Das (footballer)|Sourav Das]]|other=}}
{{Fs player|no=|nat=IND|pos=MF|name=[[Joseph Clemente]]|other=}}
{{fs end}}

==Technical staff==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Position
! Name
|-
| Head coach
| {{flagicon|ESP}} [[Fernando Santiago Varela]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=24 September 2020|author=Ruthavji Joshi |title=Fernando Santiago Varela appointed new Churchill Brothers head coach|url=
https://khelnow.com/football/i-league-2020-21-churchill-brothers-head-coach-fernando-santiago-varela|website=Khelnow|language=en|access-date=17 January 2021}}</ref>
|-
| Assistant coach
| {{flagicon|IND}} [[Mario Soares (footballer)|Mario Soares]]
|-
| Assistant coach
| {{flagicon|IND}} [[Mateus Costa]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=9 November 2020|author=Flavio Lopes |title=Churchill Brothers start training, coach Varela lands in Goa|url=
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/churchill-brothers-start-training-coach-varela-lands-in-goa/articleshow/79136634.cms|website=[[Times of India]]|language=en|access-date=17 January 2021}}</ref>
|}

==Competitions==
{{legend2|#BBF3BB|Win|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#FFFFBB|Draw|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#FFBBBB|Loss|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{Fb overview2
|c=2
|c1=[[2020–21 I-League|I-League]]|fm1={{Start date|2021|1|10|df=y}} |lm1={{end date|2021|03|27|df=y}} |sr1=[[#Matchday|Matchday 1]] |fp3= |w1=8 |l1=2 |d1=5 |f1=22 |a1=17
|c2=[[Super Cup (India)|Super Cup]]|fm2={{end date|2021|||df=y}} |lm2={{end date|2021|||df=y}} |sr2= ''Cancelled'' |w2=0|l2=0|d2=0|f2=0|a2=0
|u={{Start date|2021|04|6|df=y}}.
}}

===I-League===
{{main|2020–21 I-League}}

====League table====
{{:2020–21 I-League|showteam=CHB}}

====League Results by round====
{{#invoke:sports rbr table|table|legendpos=b|header=Round

|label2= Result
| res2= W/D/W/W/D/D/D/W/W/W
|label3= League Position
| res3= 1/1/1/1/1/1/1/3/1/1


|color_W=green2|text_W=Win
|color_D=yellow2|text_D=Draw
|color_L=red2|text_L=Loss
|color_1=green1|color_2-4=yellow1

|updated= 02 March 2021
|source=[[#Matchday|Matchday]]
|date=October 2020
}}

===League Matchdays===
{{football box collapsible
|round = 1
|date = 10 January 2021
|time = 17:00 IST
|team1 = [[Indian Arrows]]
|score = 2–5
|report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=7966
|team2 = Churchill Brothers
|goals1 = Thlacheu {{gol|9}} [[Gurkirat Singh]] {{gol|22|pen.}}
|goals2 =[[Luka Majcen]] {{gol|2||75}} [[Clayvin Zuniga]] {{gol|35||59||69}}
|location = [[Kolkata]]
|stadium = [[Kalyani Stadium]]
|attendance = 0
|motm = [[Clayvin Zuniga]] (Churchill Brothers)
|referee =
|result = W
}}
{{football box collapsible
|round = 2
|date = 14 January 2021
|time = 17:00 IST
|team1 = [[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan SC]]
|score = 0–0
|report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=7969
|team2 = Churchill Brothers
|goals1 =
|goals2 =
|location = [[Kolkata]]
|stadium = [[Kalyani Stadium]]
|attendance = 0
|motm = [[Bryce Miranda]] (Churchill Brothers)
|referee =
|result = D
}}
{{football box collapsible
|round = 3
|date = 19 January 2021
|time = 14:00 IST
|team1 = [[Punjab FC]]
|score = 0–1
|report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=7972
|team2 = Churchill Brothers
|goals1 =
|goals2 =[[Clayvin Zuniga]] {{gol|85}}
|location = [[Kolkata]]
|stadium = [[Salt Lake Stadium]]
|attendance = 0
|motm = [[Hamza Kheir]] (Churchill Brothers)
|referee =
|result = W
}}
{{football box collapsible
|round = 4
|date = 25 January 2021
|time = 14:00 IST
|team1 = Churchill Brothers
|score = 2–0
|report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=7980
|team2 = [[Sudeva Delhi FC]]
|goals1 =
|goals2 =[[Luka Majcen]] {{gol|19}} [[Bryce Miranda]]{{gol|36}}
|location = [[Kolkata]]
|stadium = [[Mohun Bagan Ground]]
|attendance = 0
|motm = [[Luka Majcen]] (Churchill Brothers)
|referee =
|result = W
}}
{{football box collapsible
|round = 5
|date = 29 January 2021
|time = 19:00 IST
|team1 = Churchill Brothers
|score = 1–1
|report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=7984
|team2 = [[TRAU FC]]
|goals1 = [[Bidyashagar Singh]]{{gol|23}}
|goals2 =[[Clayvin Zuniga]] {{gol|19}}
|location = [[Kolkata]]
|stadium = [[Kalyani Stadium]]
|attendance = 0
|motm = [[Bidyashagar Singh]] (Trau)
|referee =
|result = D
}}
{{football box collapsible
|round = 6
|date = 3 February 2021
|time = 19:00 IST
|team1 = Churchill Brothers
|score = 0–0
|report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=7989
|team2 = [[Aizawl F.C.]]
|goals1 =
|goals2 =
|location = [[Kolkata]]
|stadium = [[Kalyani Stadium]]
|attendance = 0
|motm = [[Lalmuansanga]] (Aizawl)
|referee =
|result = D
}}
{{football box collapsible
|round = 7
|date = 8 February 2021
|time = 19:00 IST
|team1 = Churchill Brothers
|score = 0–0
|report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=7993
|team2 = [[Real Kashmir FC|Real Kashmir]]
|goals1 =
|goals2 =
|location = [[Kolkata]]
|stadium = [[Salt Lake Stadium]]
|attendance = 0
|motm = [[Shilton Paul]] (Churchill Brothers)
|referee =
|result = D
}}
{{football box collapsible
|round = 8
|date = 18 February 2021
|time = 19:00 IST
|team1 = [[Chennai City FC|Chennai City]]
|score = 1–2
|report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=8004
|team2 = Churchill Brothers
|goals1 = [[Elvedin Škrijelj]] {{goal|64}}
|goals2 =[[Luka Majcen]] {{goal|49||90+4}}
|location = [[Kolkata]]
|stadium = [[Kalyani Stadium]]
|attendance = 0
|motm = [[Luka Majcen]] (Churchill Brothers)
|referee =
|result = W
}}
{{football box collapsible
|round = 9
|date = 24 February 2021
|time = 14:00 IST
|team1 = Churchill Brothers
|score = 0–0
|report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=8010
|team2 = [[NEROCA F.C.|NEROCA]]
|goals1 = [[Clayvin Zuniga]] {{gol|17}}
|goals2 =
|location = [[Kolkata]]
|stadium = [[Kishore Bharati Krirangan]]
|attendance = 0
|motm = [[Clayvin Zuniga]] (Churchill Brothers)
|referee =
|result = W
}}
{{football box collapsible
|round = 10
|date = 1 March 2021
|time = 19:00 IST
|team1 = Churchill Brothers
|score = 3–2
|report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=8382
|team2 = [[Gokulam Kerala FC|Gokulam Kerala]]
|goals1 = [[Luka Majcen]] {{goal|26||87}} [[Kingsley Fernandes]] {{gol|53}}
|goals2 =[[Vincy Barretto]] {{sentoff|0|30}} [[Philip Adjah]] {{gol|80}} [[Jithin M S]] {{goal|90+2}}
|location = [[Kolkata]]
|stadium = [[Kishore Bharati Krirangan]]
|attendance = 0
|motm = [[Luka Majcen]] (Churchill Brothers)
|referee =
|result = W
}}

===Championship Stage (Group A)===
{{#invoke:sports table|main|style=WDL
|res_col_header=Q
|sortable_table=y
|source=[https://i-league.org/points-table/i-league/ I-League]
|team2=CHB |name_CHB=[[Churchill Brothers S.C.|Churchill Brothers]]
|team1=GOK |name_GOK=[[Gokulam Kerala F.C.|Gokulam Kerala]]|status_GOK=C
|team5=REK |name_REK=[[Real Kashmir F.C.|Real Kashmir]]
|team3=TRA |name_TRA=[[TRAU F.C.|TRAU]]
|team6=MDS |name_MDS =[[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan]]
|team4=PUN |name_PUN =[[RoundGlass Punjab FC|Punjab]]

|update= 27 March 2021
|win_CHB=8 |draw_CHB=5 |loss_CHB=2
|gf_CHB=22 |ga_CHB=17
|win_GOK=9 |draw_GOK=2 |loss_GOK=4 |gf_GOK=31 |ga_GOK=17 |
|win_REK=5 |draw_REK=6 |loss_REK=4 |gf_REK=23 |ga_REK=18 |
|win_PUN=6 |draw_PUN=4 |loss_PUN=5 |gf_PUN=18 |ga_PUN=15|
|win_MDS=5 |draw_MDS=5 |loss_MDS=5 |gf_MDS=18 |ga_MDS=20 |
|win_TRA=7 |draw_TRA=5 |loss_TRA=3 |gf_TRA=27 |ga_TRA=19


|result1=ACPO


|show_limit=5
|class_rules=1) points; 2) head-to-head points; 3) head-to-head goal difference; 4) goal difference; 5) number of goals scored; 6) drawing of lots

|col_ACPO=green1 |text_ACPO='''Champions''' and Qualification for [[2022 AFC Cup|2022 AFC Cup group stage]]
}}
{{football box collapsible
|round = 1
|date = 5 March 2021
|time = 14:00 ist
|team1 = [[Real Kashmir FC|Real Kashmir]]
|score = 1–3
|report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=8506
|team2 = Churchill Brothers
|goals1 = [[Lukman Adefemi]] {{gol|68}}
|goals2 =[[Luka Majcen]] {{gol|45+1}} [[Fredsan Marshall]] {{gol|90+4}}
|location = [[kolkata]]
|stadium = [[Salt Lake Stadium]]
|attendance = 0
|motm = [[Suresh Meitei]] (Churchill Brothers)
|referee =
|result = W
}}
{{football box collapsible
|round = 2
|date = 10 March 2021
|time = 19:00 ist
|team1 = Churchill Brothers
|score = 0–3
|report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=8511
|team2 = [[Gokulam Kerala FC|Gokulam Kerala]]
|goals1 =
|goals2 =[[Mamit Vanlalduatsanga]] {{gol|45|og}} [[Denny Antwi]] {{gol|56||62}}
|location = [[kolkata]]
|stadium = [[Kalyani Stadium]]
|attendance = 0
|motm = [[Denny Antwi]] (Gokulam Kerala)
|referee =
|result = L
}}
{{football box collapsible
|round = 3
|date = 15 March 2021
|time = 19:00 ist
|team1 = Churchill Brothers
|score = 1–4
|report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=8514
|team2 = [[Mohammedan SC (Kolkata)|Mohammedan SC]]
|goals1 = [[Luka Majcen]] {{gol|21}}
|goals2 =[[Hira Mondal]] {{gol|15}} Vanlalbiaa Chhangte {{gol|63}} [[Pedro Manzi]] {{gol|86||90+3}}
|location = [[kolkata]]
|stadium = [[Kalyani Stadium]]
|attendance = 0
|motm = [[Pedro Manzi]] (MDSC)
|referee =
|result = L
}}
{{football box collapsible
|round = 4
|date = 21 March 2021
|time = 14:00 ist
|team1 = [[TRAU FC]]
|score = 1–1
|report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=8515
|team2 = Churchill Brothers
|goals1 = K Phalguni Singh {{gol|43}}
|goals2 =[[Luka Majcen]] {{gol|28}}
|location = [[kolkata]]
|stadium = [[Kishore Bharati Krirangan]]
|attendance = 0
|motm = K Phalguni Singh (TRAU)
|referee =
|result = D
}}
{{football box collapsible
|round = 5
|date = 27 March 2021
|time = 17:00 ist
|team1 = Churchill Brothers
|score = 3–2
|report = https://i-league.org/match-details/?mid=8520
|team2 = [[Punjab FC]]
|goals1 = [[Luka Majcen]] {{gol|8}} [[Clayvin Zuniga]] {{gol|25|45+3}}
|goals2 =[[Joseba Beitia]] {{gol|65}} [[Baba Diawara]] {{gol|69}}
|location = [[kolkata]]
|stadium = [[Salt Lake Stadium]]]
|attendance = 0
|motm = [[Clayvin Zuniga]] (Churchill Brothers)
|referee =
|result = W
}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Churchill Brothers S.C.}}
{{2020–21 in Indian football}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:2020-21 Churchill Brothers S.C. season}}
[[Category:Churchill Brothers FC seasons]]
[[Category:2020–21 I-League by team|Churchill Brothers]]

Vibhavari Apte Joshi

2026-03-01T18:32:27Z

Heymfaizanali:

{{Short description|Indian playback singer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Vibhavari Apte Joshi
| image =
| caption = Vibhavari Apte Joshi
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Pune]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| occupation = Singer
| years_active = 2000–present
| known_for= [[Guzaarish (film)|Guzaarish]]
|website =
}}
'''Vibhavari Apte Joshi''' is an Indian singer in [[Bollywood]], and in [[Marathi language|Marathi]] and [[Tamil language|Tamil]]<ref name="indiatimes1">{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/marathi/music/Vibhavari-Apte-Joshi-Hrithik-Roshan-Aishwarya-Rai-Bachchan-Sanjay-Leela-Bhansali-Guzaarish/articleshow/29663226.cms |title=Vibhavari Apte sings for Ilaiyaraaja - Times of India |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |date=2014-03-09 |access-date=2017-03-28}}</ref> language films.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/vibhavari-lends-voice-to-ash-gets-her-pat-and-industry-offers/715613/ |title=Vibhavari lends voice to Ash, gets her pat and industry offers - Indian Express |publisher=Archive.indianexpress.com |date=2010-11-25 |access-date=2017-03-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ganguly |first1=Dharitri |title=Kothrud Sanskrutik Mahotsav returns with a musical extravaganza |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/events/pune/kothrud-sanskrutik-mahotsav-returns-with-a-musical-extravaganza/articleshow/91038131.cms |work=The Times of India}}</ref>

==Career==
She hails from [[Pune]] in [[Maharashtra]] state of India. She has sung in many Marathi movies, Bollywood movies such as ''[[Guzaarish (2010 film)|Guzaarish]]''<ref name="indiatimes1"/> and many other musical albums. Awards won by her include Vidya Pradnya Award<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/pune/report-pawar-to-build-madgulkar-memorial-in-baramati-1919298 |title=Pawar to build Madgulkar memorial in Baramati | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis |publisher=Dnaindia.com |date=2013-11-15 |access-date=2017-03-28}}</ref> from Maharashtra Government in 2013, Stardust New Musical Sensation Award in 2011<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.magnamags.com/content/view/7594/358/lang,english/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110212170913/http://www.magnamags.com/content/view/7594/358/lang,english/ |url-status=usurped |archive-date=2011-02-12 |title=Stardust.co.in - StardustAwardWinner2011 |date=2011-02-09 |access-date=2017-03-28}}</ref> and Jio-Mirchi award<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/events/mumbai/it-was-a-starry-affair-at-the-jio-mirchi-music-awards-marathi-2016-held-in-mumbai/articleshow/57412344.cms |title=Mirchi Music Awards: It was a starry affair at the Jio Mirchi Music Awards Marathi 2016 held in Mumbai | Events Movie News - Times of India |work=The Times of India |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |access-date=2017-03-28}}</ref> for Best Female Vocalist in 2016. She is a post graduate in commerce.<ref>{{cite web|author=Shailendra Paranjpe, DNA |url=http://daily.bhaskar.com/news/pune-singer-makes-her-mark-in-guzaarish-1584593.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508001641/http://daily.bhaskar.com/news/pune-singer-makes-her-mark-in-guzaarish-1584593.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=8 May 2016 |title=Pune singer makes her mark in Guzaarish |publisher=Daily.bhaskar.com |date=2010-11-25 |access-date=2017-03-28}}</ref>

She has made performances along with [[Ilaiyaraaja]], [[Hrishikesh Ranade]], [[Jitendra Abhyankar]], [[Ketaki Mategaonkar]], [[Suvarna Mategaonkar]], Prashant Naseri, [[Madhura Datar]] etc. She has also performed the TV programs like Saregama. She is also a part of the musical program by [[Hridaynath Mangeshkar]] named Bhavsargam.

==Popular songs==
* "Natyas naav apulya" : Marathi movie: ''Natasamrat''.
* Saiba
* Ugavali Chandrakor
* Tu Buddhi de (Marathi movie: ''Dr. Prakash Baba Amte'')
* Vidnyanroop Ganesh
* Disha Dishatun Chaitanyache
* "Katthi Vetti" (with [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]] in [[Muthuramalingam]]) - 2017
* Sutti Penne in ''[[Touring Talkies (2015 film)|Touring Talkies]]'' (2015) - Tamil
* Pournami Poove in Rudhramadevi(Tamil)
* Eearamai Earamai in Un Samayal Araiyil
* Galiya Mathali in Oggarane
* Swapnat Aaj Yeta Sur Taal Chedale
* Thedi Thedi in 60 Vayadhu Maaniram
* Marudha malli in Marudha

<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gaana.com/artist/vibhavari-apte|title=Vibhavari Apte|website=Gaana.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.marathi.tv/singers-gayak/vibhavari-apte-joshi/|title=Vibhavari Apte Wiki, Songs, Biography, Age, Website, Husband|date=9 January 2017}}</ref>

==Accolades==
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Award Ceremony
!Category
!Film
!Song
!Result
!Reference(s)
|-
| [[3rd Mirchi Music Awards|2010]]
| [[Mirchi Music Awards]]
| [[Mirchi Music Award for Upcoming Female Vocalist of The Year|Upcoming Female Vocalist of The Year]]
| ''[[Guzaarish (2010 film)|Guzaarish]]''
| "Saiba"
| {{nom}}
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.radiomirchi.com/mma2010/hindi/nominees.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110130070949/http://www.radiomirchi.com/mma2010/hindi/nominees.php|url-status=dead|archive-date=2011-01-30|title=Nominees - Mirchi Music Award Hindi 2010|date=2011-01-30|access-date=2018-09-30}}</ref>
|-
|2016
|[[Zee Chitra Gaurav Puraskar]]
|[[Zee Chitra Gaurav Puraskar for Best Playback Singer – Female]]
|[[Natsamrat]]
|Naatyas Naav Aapulya
|{{Nom}}
|
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K7FvLalkp2M
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1XU7P8-BklM

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Joshi, Vibhavari Apte}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian women playback singers]]
[[Category:Tamil-language playback singers]]
[[Category:Marathi-language playback singers]]
[[Category:Singers from Pune]]
[[Category:Women musicians from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women singers]]
[[Category:Hindi-language playback singers]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Anungla Zoe Longkumer

2026-02-27T02:50:02Z

Heymfaizanali: Creating Pg

{{Short description|Indian writer from Nagaland}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Anungla Zoe Longkumer
| image =
| caption =
| occupation = {{hlist |Writer |Filmmaker |Musician |Folklorist}}
| known_for = Filmmaking, Music, Preservation of Naga folk traditions
| notable_works = ''Folklore of Eastern Nagaland'', ''The Many That I Am: Writings from Nagaland'' (editor)
| parents = [[Temsüla Ao]] (mother)
}}

'''Anungla Zoe Longkumer''' is an Indian writer, filmmaker, and musician from [[Nagaland]], India. She is known for preserving and promoting [[Naga people|Naga]] folk traditions, primarily oral traditions, women's narratives, and the Naga identity through her works.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Assistant Professor of English, All Saints' College, Trivandrum, Kerala, India |last2=Varghese |first2=Liji |date=2022-06-07 |title=Narrating "India": Liminal Narratives of Northeast and Assertion of Identity |url=https://rupkatha.com/v14n2ne27/ |journal=Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities |volume=14 |issue=2 |doi=10.21659/rupkatha.v14n2.ne27 |doi-access=free |archive-date=2025-04-15 |access-date=2025-05-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250415062131/https://rupkatha.com/v14n2ne27/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Her anthology, ''The Many That I Am'', is notable for bringing together diverse voices of Naga women writers and artists, providing a platform for their perspectives on history, culture, and societal issues.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 19, 2021 |title=#anunglazoelongkumer – the shiny diaries |url=https://theshinydiaries.com/tag/anunglazoelongkumer/ |access-date=May 8, 2024 |publisher=The Shiny Diaries}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Many That I Am: Writings from Nagaland - NortheastReads |url=https://northeastreads.com/books/the-many-that-i-am-writings-from-nagaland/ |access-date=May 8, 2024 |publisher=NortheastReads |archive-date=September 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230903025341/https://northeastreads.com/books/the-many-that-i-am-writings-from-nagaland/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

She is based in [[Dimapur]], Nagaland. She is also the daughter of [[Temsüla Ao]], a [[Padma Shri]] awardee from Nagaland.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-01-22 |title=Paatal Lok is a stunner, and a rarity that gets Nagaland and Nagas right |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/web-series/story/paatal-lok-season-2-prime-video-series-nagaland-depiction-naga-culture-society-jaideep-ahlawat-crime-drama-tv-2668372-2025-01-22 |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=India Today |language=en |archive-date=2025-04-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250429073950/https://www.indiatoday.in/television/web-series/story/paatal-lok-season-2-prime-video-series-nagaland-depiction-naga-culture-society-jaideep-ahlawat-crime-drama-tv-2668372-2025-01-22 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Datta |first=Sudipta |date=2023-07-21 |title=Interview with Anungla Zoe Longkumer on editing The Many That I Am an anthology on Nagaland |url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/interview-anungla-zoe-longkumer-nagaland-anthology-poems-essay-women-stories/article67063232.ece |access-date=2025-05-08 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN}}</ref>

== Career ==
Longkumar focuses on documenting and preserving Naga folklore and cultural expressions through writing, filmmaking, and music.<ref>{{cite web |title=Anungla Zoe Longkumer Archives |url=https://zubaanbooks.com/bookauthor/anungla-zoe-longkumer/ |access-date=May 8, 2024 |publisher=Zubaan Books |archive-date=February 25, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240225031715/https://zubaanbooks.com/bookauthor/anungla-zoe-longkumer/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Having spent a significant part of her life outside Nagaland, she now freelances in Dimapur, where she works in content editing, music, filmmaking, and folklore research.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{cite web |title=Books by Anungla Zoe Longkumer |url=https://northeastreads.com/book-author/anungla-zoe-longkumer/ |access-date=May 8, 2024 |publisher=NortheastReads}}</ref>

Her work explores themes of Naga history, such as the impact of Christianity, traditional storytelling practices, the role of orality in cultural transmission, and the experiences of Naga women.<ref name=":2" /> She worked as research associate for Season 2 of ''[[Paatal Lok|Paatak Lok]],'' an Indian [[Haryanvi language|Haryanvi]]-language [[crime thriller]] television series on [[Amazon Prime Video]].<ref name=":0" />

In addition to her writing and research, Longkumer has curated art exhibitions, such as "A Way Of Being," which showcased Naga traditional and contemporary art.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A way of being: First ever Kisama Art Gallery |url=https://morungexpress.com/a-way-of-being-first-ever-kisama-art-gallery |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=MorungExpress}}</ref><ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8DRIvgtARDA |title="A Way Of Being" Art Exhibition curated by Anungla Zoe Longkumer |date=2022-12-03 |last= |type=Video |publisher=North East 8 |access-date=2025-05-08}}</ref> She has also participated in discussions and events concerning the cultural heritage of Nagaland and women's issues.<ref>{{cite web |last=Times |first=Mokokchung |date=March 10, 2024 |title=WENN celebrates International Women's Day with panel discussion and empowerment initiatives |url=https://mokokchungtimes.com/wenn-celebrates-international-womens-day-with-panel-discussion-and-empowerment-initiatives/ |access-date=May 8, 2024 |website=Mokokchung Times}}</ref>

== Published works ==
Longkumer is the author of ''Folklore of Eastern Nagaland'' (2017). This book comprises translations of folktales, folk songs, and real-life accounts collected from six tribes inhabiting the more remote districts of Eastern Nagaland.<ref name=":2" />

She is also the editor and a contributor to the anthology ''The Many That I Am: Writings from Nagaland'' (first published 2019 by Zubaan Books, also listed with a 2021 [[University of Chicago Press]] distribution).<ref>{{cite web |title=Anungla Zoe Longkumer |url=https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/author/L/A/au46809590.html |access-date=May 8, 2024 |publisher=The University of Chicago Press |archive-date=July 27, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240727025739/https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/author/L/A/au46809590.html |url-status=live }}</ref> This collection features stories, poems, first-person narratives, and visuals by Naga women writers and artists.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Saurabh |date=2019-09-18 |title=Book Review: The Many That I Am: Writings From Nagaland Edited By Anungla Zoe Longkumer |url=https://feminisminindia.com/2019/09/19/book-review-the-many-that-i-am-writings-from-nagaland-edited-anungla-zoe-longkumer/ |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=Feminism in India |language=en-GB |archive-date=2025-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250518141148/https://feminisminindia.com/2019/09/19/book-review-the-many-that-i-am-writings-from-nagaland-edited-anungla-zoe-longkumer/ |url-status=live }}</ref> It reflects on their journeys to reclaim their past and understand their complex present, written in English, a language adopted in Nagaland following the arrival of the Church.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Many That I Am: Writings from Nagaland |url=https://www.exoticindiaart.com/book/details/many-that-i-am-writings-from-nagaland-bag457/ |access-date=May 8, 2024 |publisher=Exotic India Art}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Prajapati |first=Moshita |date=2022-03-17 |title=If You Liked Gangubai Kathiawadi, Then You Will Love These Books About Extraordinary Women |url=https://elle.in/gangubai-kathiawadi-books/ |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=Elle India |language=en |archive-date=2025-02-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250216094922/https://elle.in/gangubai-kathiawadi-books/ |url-status=live }}</ref> She also scripted, narrated, and edited a 26-minute [[documentary film]] on Naga log-drum that was invited for screening at the Bali International Indigenous Film Festival, in Indonesia in May 2019, and also at the Rainforest Fringe Festival at Kuching, Sarawak, in Malaysia in July 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Log drums: Tracing the journey and significance of the Naga totem |url=https://www.easternmirrornagaland.com/log-drums-tracing-the-journey-and-significance-of-the-naga-totem |access-date=2025-05-08 |website=www.easternmirrornagaland.com |language=en |archive-date=2019-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502234554/http://www.easternmirrornagaland.com/log-drums-tracing-the-journey-and-significance-of-the-naga-totem/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Longkumer, Anungla Zoe}}
[[Category:Indian women writers]]
[[Category:Writers from Nagaland]]
[[Category:Indian filmmakers]]
[[Category:Indigenous writers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian writers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women writers]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Musicians from Nagaland]]
[[Category:Indian feminist writers]]

M. Sasikumar

2026-02-24T00:46:27Z

Heymfaizanali: enhance references also and added references

{{short description|Indian actor and film director}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| image = Director_M_Sasikumar_at_the_Thalaimuraigal_Team_Press_Meet_showing_their_National_Award_for_2013.jpg
| name = M.Sasikumar
| birth_name = Sasikumar Mahalingam
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1974|09|28}}<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20121023232952/http://tamilfilmdirectorsassociation.com/profile.php?sno=1781 SASIKUMAR M.] tamilfilmdirectorsassociation.com</ref>
| birth_place = [[Madurai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India
| othername = Sasi
| alma mater = Vellaichamy Nadar College, Madurai
| spouse =
| children = 2
| occupation = {{hlist|Actor|Film director|Film producer|Screenwriter|Playback singer}}
| yearsactive = 1999–present
}}

'''Sasikumar Mahalingam''' (born 28 September 1974) is an Indian actor, film director, film producer, screenwriter and playback singer. He worked as an assistant director for director [[Bala (director)|Bala]] in ''[[Sethu (film)|Sethu]]'' (1999), also worked for director [[Ameer (director)|Ameer]] in his first two films ''[[Mounam Pesiyadhe]]'' (2002) and ''[[Raam (2005 film)|Raam]]'' (2005).<ref name="filmibeat.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/celebs/sasikumar-tamil/biography.html|title=Exclusive biography of #Sasikumar(tamil) and on his life.|website=FilmiBeat|access-date=20 January 2019|archive-date=21 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121010834/https://www.filmibeat.com/celebs/sasikumar-tamil/biography.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

He is best known in the [[Tamil cinema|Tamil film industry]] for his debut film ''[[Subramaniapuram]]'' (2008), which became a [[blockbuster (entertainment)|blockbuster]].<ref>{{Cite news|url = https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/photo-features/10-years-of-subramaniapuram-reasons-why-sasikumars-film-was-destined-to-be-a-blockbuster/photostory/64895879.cms|title = 10 Years of 'Subramaniapuram': Reasons why Sasikumar's film was destined to be a blockbuster|website = [[The Times of India]]|access-date = 18 February 2021|archive-date = 26 September 2023|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230926071956/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/photo-features/10-years-of-subramaniapuram-reasons-why-sasikumars-film-was-destined-to-be-a-blockbuster/photostory/64895879.cms|url-status = live}}</ref> He has won several accolades including a [[National Film Award]], two [[Norway Tamil Film Festival Awards]], two [[Filmfare Awards South]] and one [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Film|Tamil Nadu State Film Award]].

== Early life ==
Sasikumar studied at St. Peters School Kodaikanal and then went on to study business administration in [[Nadar Mahajana Sangam S. Vellaichamy Nadar College|Vellaichamy Nadar College, Madurai]].<ref>[http://www.behindwoods.com/features/Interviews/interview-5/director/sasi-kumar.html Sasi Kumar Interview] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230822102939/http://www.behindwoods.com/features/Interviews/interview-5/director/sasi-kumar.html |date=22 August 2023 }}. Behindwoods.com. Retrieved on 14 October 2012.</ref>

== Career ==

=== 1999-2018 ===
Sasikumar began working in films through his uncle A Kandasamy, who produced [[Bala (director)|Bala]]’s ''[[Sethu (film)|Sethu]]'' (1999). The actor worked as an assistant director in the film, where he met director [[Ameer (director)|Ameer]], who was also assisting director Bala. He later assisted Ameer in ''[[Mounam Pesiyadhe]]'' (2002) and ''[[Raam (2005 film)|Raam]]'' (2005).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/did-you-know/sasikumar-began-working-in-films-with-balas-sethu/articleshow/51976043.cms|title = Sasikumar began working in films with Bala’s Sethu}}</ref>

Sasikumar's directorial debut ''[[Subramaniapuram]]'' (2008), despite being made on a low-budget, opened to high critical acclaim and became one of the highest grossing films of the year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-reviews/reviews-1/subramaniapuram-movie-reviewml|title = Subramaniapuram - Movie Review}}</ref> After the success of ''Subramaniapuram'', Sasikumar produced ''[[Pasanga]]'' (2009), directed by debutant [[Pandiraj]]. The action drama film ''[[Naadodigal]]'' (2009) was directed by Samuthrakani.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/tamil/movies/naadodigal/story.html|title=Naadodigal Preview, Naadodigal Story & Synopsis, Naadodigal Tamil Movie|website=FilmiBeat|access-date=20 January 2019|archive-date=21 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121010848/https://www.filmibeat.com/tamil/movies/naadodigal/story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> He later directed the drama film ''[[Easan]]'' (2010). He also acted and produced ''[[Poraali]]'' (2011) <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/tamil/movies/poraali/story.html|title=Poraali Preview, Poraali Story & Synopsis, Poraali Tamil Movie|website=FilmiBeat|access-date=20 January 2019|archive-date=21 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121010858/https://www.filmibeat.com/tamil/movies/poraali/story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> followed by the [[Malayalam]] film, ''[[Masters (film)|Masters]]'' (2012) alongside [[Prithviraj Sukumaran|Prithviraj]]. Masters was followed by the drama film, ''[[Sundarapandian]]'' (2012). The cast included [[Lakshmi Menon (actress)|Lakshmi Menon]] and [[Vijay Sethupathi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/tamil/movies/sundarapandian/story.html|title=Sundarapandian Preview, Sundarapandian Story & Synopsis, Sundarapandian Tamil Movie|website=FilmiBeat|access-date=20 January 2019|archive-date=21 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121010850/https://www.filmibeat.com/tamil/movies/sundarapandian/story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2013, he acted in ''[[Kutti Puli]]'', with his previous movie pair Lakshmi Menon. The film released to positive reviews.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/kutti-puli/movie-review/20371508.cms |title=Kutti Puli Movie Review {2.5/5}: Critic Review of Kutti Puli by Times of India |newspaper=The Times of India |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |access-date=2019-03-21}}</ref> He produced ''[[Thalaimuraigal]]'' directed by [[Balu Mahendra]] who acted alongside Sasikumar for the first time in his career. In 2014, Sasikumar starred in the romantic action film ''[[Bramman]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/review/review-bramman-fails-to-impress-south/20140224.htm|title=Review: Bramman fails to impress|website=Rediff|access-date=20 January 2019|archive-date=21 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121010742/https://www.rediff.com/movies/review/review-bramman-fails-to-impress-south/20140224.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

Sasikumar acted in [[Bala (director)|Bala]]'s ''[[Tharai Thappattai]]'' and portrayed Sannasi, a [[nadaswaram]] player who heads a [[Karagattam]] troupe. To look the part, he had to train for a month with folk singers and dancers brought in by Bala, while he also grew long hair for the role. The film's production progressed over two years, while the team were forced to have a three-month break in 2015 after Sasikumar had dislocated his hand while shooting for the film's climax.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/Enjoying-his-new-beat/article13990316.ece|title=Enjoying his new beat|first=Sudhir|last=Srinivasan|newspaper=The Hindu|date=9 January 2016|via=www.thehindu.com|access-date=21 March 2019|archive-date=26 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211026074834/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/Enjoying-his-new-beat/article13990316.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> The soundtrack was composed by Ilaiyaraaja. The film garnered a lot of expectations as it was promoted as being the 1000th film score of [[Ilaiyaraaja]]. The soundtrack consisted of seven tracks: five songs and two theme scores. The film was released on 14 January 2016 to mostly positive reviews.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/thaarai-thappattai/thaarai-thappattai-review.html|title=Thaarai Thappattai (aka) Thaarai Thappattai review|date=13 January 2016|website=Behindwoods|access-date=20 January 2019|archive-date=11 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190111190955/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/thaarai-thappattai/thaarai-thappattai-review.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[Vetrivel]]'', ''[[Appa (2016 film)|Appa]]'', ''[[Kidaari]]'' and ''[[Balle Vellaiyathevaa]]'' follow up. In 2017, he acted in ''[[Kodiveeran]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://letterboxd.com/film/tharai-thappattai/crew/|title=Tharai Thappattai (2016)|via=letterboxd.com|access-date=6 October 2019|archive-date=26 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926071956/https://letterboxd.com/film/tharai-thappattai/crew/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/kidaari/kidaari-review.html|title=Kidaari (aka) Kidari review|date=2 September 2016|website=Behindwoods|access-date=6 October 2019|archive-date=16 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190916033906/http://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/kidaari/kidaari-review.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pro.imdb.com/title/tt6385852/|title=Balle Vellaiyathevaa – Production & Contact Info | IMDbPro|website=pro.imdb.com|access-date=6 October 2019|archive-date=6 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191006170352/https://pro.imdb.com/title/tt6385852/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://letterboxd.com/film/kodiveeran/crew/|title=Kodiveeran (2017)|via=letterboxd.com|access-date=6 October 2019|archive-date=26 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926071956/https://letterboxd.com/film/kodiveeran/crew/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/kodiveeran/kodiveeran-review-1.html|title=Kodiveeran (aka) Koodi Veeran review|date=9 December 2017|website=Behindwoods|access-date=20 January 2019|archive-date=21 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121064138/https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/kodiveeran/kodiveeran-review-1.html|url-status=live}}</ref> This was Sasikumar and M.Muthiah's second collaboration after ''Kutti Puli''. Kodiveeran was produced by M. Sasikumar's Company Productions.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/tamil/movies/kodiveeran/story.html|title=Kodiveeran (Kodi Veeran) Preview, Kodiveeran Story & Synopsis, Kodiveeran Tamil Movie|website=FilmiBeat|access-date=20 January 2019|archive-date=21 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121010845/https://www.filmibeat.com/tamil/movies/kodiveeran/story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2018, Sasikumar starred in ''[[Asuravadham]]''. The film received mixed reviews from critics and audience.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/asuravadham-movie-review-sasikumar-nandita-swetha-1272989-2018-06-29|title=Asuravadham Movie Review: Vigilante Sasikumar delivers a thrilling tale|author=Janani K.|date=June 29, 2018|magazine=India Today|access-date=20 January 2019|archive-date=20 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120194557/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/reviews/story/asuravadham-movie-review-sasikumar-nandita-swetha-1272989-2018-06-29|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/asuravadham/asuravadham-review.html|title=Asuravadham (aka) Asura Vadham review|date=29 June 2018|website=Behindwoods|access-date=20 January 2019|archive-date=21 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121064116/https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/asuravadham/asuravadham-review.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== 2019-present ===

Sasikumar started the year with [[Rajinikanth]]'s' ''[[Petta (film)|Petta]]'' (2019) directed by [[Karthik Subbaraj]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sify.com/movies/petta-review-this-superstar-film-is-a-solid-crowd-pleaser-review-tamil-tbkjOUfdhecec.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110081914/http://www.sify.com/movies/petta-review-this-superstar-film-is-a-solid-crowd-pleaser-review-tamil-tbkjOUfdhecec.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 January 2019|title=Petta review: This Superstar film is a solid crowd pleaser|website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> The next project was [[Suseenthiran]]'s ''[[Kennedy Club]]''. In their review, Sify wrote that "Sasikumar is not at all convincing as a [[Kabbadi]] player and maintains the same age-old". The film was an average sports drama.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sify.com/movies/kennedy-club-review-a-predictable-sports-film-which-doesnt-impress-review-tamil-tiwqOHghfihcb.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190822184040/https://www.sify.com/movies/kennedy-club-review-a-predictable-sports-film-which-doesnt-impress-review-tamil-tiwqOHghfihcb.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 August 2019|title=Kennedy Club review: A predictable sports film which doesn't impress|website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> Sasikumar was roped in to star in [[Gautham Vasudev Menon]]'s ''[[Enai Noki Paayum Thota]]'' (2019), which stars [[Dhanush]] and [[Megha Akash]] . In the film, Sasikumar acted as Dhanush's elder brother.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/rajinikanth-petta-sasikumar-cameo-1356170-2018-10-05|title=Petta: Sasikumar to play a cameo in Rajinikanth film|date=October 5, 2018|magazine=India Today|access-date=11 January 2020|archive-date=11 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111194003/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/rajinikanth-petta-sasikumar-cameo-1356170-2018-10-05|url-status=live}}</ref> After ''[[Naadodigal 2]]'' (2020), he starred in family films like ''[[Udanpirappe]]'' (2021), ''[[MGR Magan]]'' (2021) and ''[[Raajavamsam]]'' (2021). The subsequent year, he was seen in three action films, ''[[Kombu Vatcha Singamda]]'' (2022), ''[[Naan Mirugamaai Maara]]'' (2022) and ''[[Kaari (film)|Kaari]]'' (2022).<ref name="KVS">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/review/2022/Jan/14/kombu-vatcha-singamda-movie-reviewa-subdued-sasikumar-shoulders-a-decent-sundarapandian-reboot-29021.html|title = Kombu Vatcha Singamda Movie Review: A subdued Sasikumar shoulders an okayish Sundarapandian reboot| website=[[Cinema Express]] | date=14 January 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/naan-mirugamaai-maara/movie-review/95611865.cms|title = Naan Mirugamaai Maara Movie Review : A violent revenge-drama let down by inconsistent writing| work=The Times of India }}</ref><ref name="K">{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2022/Nov/26/kaari-movie-review-much-to-like-in-this-rural-actioner-2522130.html|title = 'Kaari' movie review: Much to like in this rural actioner| date=26 November 2022 }} </ref> In 2023, Sasikumar was praised for his performance in the drama film ''[[Ayothi]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://thesouthfirst.com/entertainment/ayothi-movie-review/|title = Ayothi review: A sensible take on the fading sense of humanity| date=3 March 2023 }}</ref> In 2024, ''[[Garudan (2024 film)|Garudan]]'' and ''[[Nandhan]]'' were released to positive reviews.<ref name="G">{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/garudan/movie-review/110572047.cms|title = Garudan Movie Review : Strong performances elevate this familiar story| work=The Times of India }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2024/Sep/21/nandhan-movie-review-a-relevant-premise-let-down-by-a-patronising-tone|title ='Nandhan' movie review: A relevant premise let down by a patronising tone|date =21 September 2024}}</ref> Sasikumar starred in ''[[Tourist Family]]'' (2025), a comedy-drama directed by debutant Abishan Jeevinth <ref>{{Cite news |last=Ramanujam |first=Srinivasa |date=2025-05-01 |title=‘Tourist Family’ movie review: This Sasikumar-Simran feel-good film leaves you all fuzzy |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/tourist-family-movie-review-this-sasikumar-simran-feel-good-film-leaves-you-all-fuzzy/article69521030.ece |access-date=2025-05-02 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> which became his highest-grossing release.

== Filmography ==
===As a film director===

*''All films are in Tamil, unless otherwise noted.''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Film
! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-

|-
| 2008 || ''[[Subramaniapuram]]''|| Also producer [[Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil]] [[Filmfare Best Director Award (Tamil)|Filmfare Best Tamil Director Award]] [[Vijay Award for Best Director]] Nominated, [[Vijay Award for Best Supporting Actor]] Nominated, [[Vijay Award for Best Debut Actor]]
|-
| 2010 || ''[[Easan]]'' || Also producer
|-
|}

===As an actor===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ List of M. Sasikumar film acting credits
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Film
! scope="col" | Role
! style="text-align:center; scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{Refh}}
|-
|1999||''[[Sethu (film)|Sethu]]'' || Sethu's friend || Uncredited role; also assistant director ||<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/did-you-know/did-you-know-sasikumar-appeared-in-a-blink-and-miss-part-in-vikrams-sethu/articleshow/76622168.cms|title =Did you know, Sasikumar appeared in a blink-and-miss part in Vikram's 'Sethu'?|newspaper =The Times of India|date =25 June 2020}}</ref>
|-
| 2008 || ''[[Subramaniapuram]]''|| Paraman || Also producer ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-reviews/reviews-1/subramaniapuram-movie-review.html|title =Subramaniapuram - Movie Review}}</ref>
|-
| 2009 || ''[[Naadodigal]]'' || Karunakaran Natraj || Nominated, [[Vijay Award for Favourite Hero]] ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-reviews/reviews-2/naadodigal.html|title =NAADODIGAL MOVIE REVIEW}}</ref>
|-
| 2010 || ''[[Shambo Shiva Shambo]]'' || A lover's friend || [[Telugu language|Telugu]] film; special appearance ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1637995/?language=fr-fr|title =Sambo Siva Sambho|website =[[IMDb]]}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2011 || ''[[Ko (film)|Ko]]'' || Himself || Special appearance in "Aga Naga" song ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/tamil/movies/ko/cast-crew.html#cast|title =Ko}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Poraali]]''|| Ilankumaran ||Also producer; [[Norway Tamil Film Festival Award for Best Actor]] ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/poraali-review-tamil-movie-12793|title =Poraali Review}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2012 || ''[[Masters (film)|Masters]]'' || Milan Paul || [[Malayalam]] film ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2012/Mar/02/sasikumar-excited-about-masters-debut-345144.html|title =Sasikumar excited about 'Masters' debut|date =16 May 2012}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Sundarapandian]]'' || Sundarapandian || Also producer ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-reviews/reviews-2/sep-12-02/sundarapandian-review.html|title =SUNDARAPANDIAN MOVIE REVIEW}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2013 || ''[[Kutti Puli]]'' || Kutti Puli || ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/kutti-puli/kutti-puli-review.html|title =KUTTI PULI MOVIE REVIEW}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Thalaimuraigal]]'' || Dr. Adithya || Also producer; guest appearance ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/review/review-thalaimuraigal-is-brilliant-south/20131223.htm|title =Review: Thalaimuraigal is brilliant}}</ref>
|-
|2014 || ''[[Bramman]]'' || Siva || ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/bramman/bramman-review.html|title =BRAMMAN MOVIE REVIEW}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="5" |2016 || ''[[Tharai Thappattai]]'' || Sannasi || Also producer ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/tharai-thappattai-tamil-movie-review-18874.html|title =Tharai Thappattai Review}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Vetrivel]]'' || Vetrivel || ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/vetrivel/vetrivel-review.html|title =VETRIVEL MOVIE REVIEW|date =22 April 2016}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Appa (2016 film)|Appa]]'' || Kumaran || Also producer; guest appearance ||<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/appa/movie-review/53018331.cms|title =Appa Movie Review|newspaper =The Times of India}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Kidaari]]'' || Kidaari || Also producer ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies/kidaari/kidaari-review.html|title =KIDAARI MOVIE REVIEW |date =2 September 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Balle Vellaiyathevaa]]'' || Vellaiyathevan || Also producer ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/balle-vellaiyathevaa-review-tamil-movie-21168|title =Balle Vellaiyathevaa Review}}</ref>
|-
| 2017 || ''[[Kodiveeran]]'' || Kodiveeran || Also producer ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/kodi-veeran-review-tamil-movie-21440|title =Kodi Veeran Review}}</ref>
|-
| 2018 || ''[[Asuravadham]]'' || Saravanan || ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2018/Jun/29/asuravadham-review-a-thin-story-that-benefits-from-its-treatment-1835725.html|title =Asuravadham review: A thin story that benefits from its treatment|date =30 June 2018}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" |2019|| ''[[Petta (film)|Petta]]'' || Malik || ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/petta-review-tamil-movie-22294|title =Petta Review}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Kennedy Club]]'' || Muruganadham || ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/kennedy-club-review-telugu-movie-22767|title =Kennedy Club Review}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Adutha Saattai]]'' || Himself || Cameo appearance ||<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/makers-announce-new-release-date-of-adutha-saattai/articleshow/71564924.cms|title =Makers announce new release date of Adutha Saattai|newspaper =The Times of India|date =13 October 2019}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Enai Noki Paayum Thota]]'' || Thiru || ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/reviews/tamil/2019/Nov/29/enai-noki-paayum-thota-movie-review-gautham-menon-dhanush-megha-akash-darbuka-siva-sasikumar-15774.html|title =Enai Noki Paayum Thota Movie Review: The bullet finally arrives, but just misses the mark|website =[[Cinema Express]]|date =29 November 2019}}</ref>
|-
|2020 ||''[[Naadodigal 2]]'' || Jeeva || ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/naadodigal-2-review-tamil-movie-22158|title =Naadodigal 2 Review}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" |2021||''[[Udanpirappe]]''|| Vairavan || ||<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/reviews/tamil/udanpirappe/ottmoviereview/86693794.cms|title =Udanpirappe Review : Udanpirappe is an unaffecting, uneven drama|newspaper =The Times of India}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[MGR Magan]]'' || Anbalipu Ravi || ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/review/2021/Nov/04/mgr-magan-movie-review-a-mirthless-comedy-that-has-its-moments-27649.html|title =MGR Magan Movie Review: A mirthless comedy that has its moments|website =[[Cinema Express]]|date =4 November 2021}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Raajavamsam]]'' || Kannan || ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/review/2021/Nov/27/raajavamsam-movie-review-sasikumar-rajavamsam-nikki-galrani-yogi-babu-sathish-28072.html|title =Raajavamsam Movie Review: A tepid family drama that flatters to deceive|website =[[Cinema Express]]|date =27 November 2021}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" |2022 || ''[[Kombu Vatcha Singamda]]'' || Thaman || ||<ref name="KVS"/>
|-
|''[[Naan Mirugamaai Maara]]''|| Bhoominathan || ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/review/2022/Nov/19/naan-mirugamaai-maara-movie-review-a-promising-thriller-with-middling-results-36788.html|title =Naan Mirugamaai Maara Movie Review: A promising thriller with middling results|website =[[Cinema Express]]|date =19 November 2022}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Kaari (film)|Kaari]]'' || Sethu || ||<ref name="K"/>
|-
|2023 || ''[[Ayothi]]''|| Abdul Malik || ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2023/Mar/04/ayothi-movie-review-full-of-heart-and-yet-marred-by-melodrama-2552864.html|title ='Ayothi' movie review: Full of heart and yet, marred by melodrama|date =4 March 2023}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2"|2024 || ''[[Garudan (2024 film)|Garudan]]'' || Aadhi || || <ref name="G"/>
|-
|''[[Nandhan]]'' || Ambedkumar aka Koozhpaana || ||<ref>{{cite news|date=29 August 2024|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tamil/nandhan-to-release-on-september-20-article-112887725|title=M Sasikumar's Nandhan To Release On September 20|access-date=30 August 2024|url-status=live|newspaper=[[Times Now]]|archive-date=29 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240829071509/https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tamil/nandhan-to-release-on-september-20-article-112887725}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2025 || ''[[Tourist Family]]'' || Dharmadas "Das" || ||
|-
|''[[Freedom (2025 film)|Freedom]]'' || Maaran || Unreleased ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2026|| ''[[With Love (2026 film)|With Love]]'' || Dharmadas "Das" || Cameo Appearance
|-
|''[[My Lord (film)|My Lord]]'' || Muthusirpi || ||<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-02-01 |title=Sasikumar-Chaithra Achar's My Lord locks release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2026/Feb/01/sasikumar-chaithra-achars-my-lord-locks-release-date |access-date=2026-02-05 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>
|}

===Web series===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year !! Title !! Role !! Platform !! class="unsortable" | Ref
|-
| 2025-present|| ''[[Nadu Center]]'' || Coach Selva ||[[JioHotstar]]||<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-11-20 |title=Nadu Center out on OTT: Stream basketball-themed sports drama here; three episodes out|url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/nadu-center-out-on-ott-stream-basketball-themed-sports-drama-here-three-episodes-out/e27f34d7e744 |access-date=2025-11-20 |website=OTTPlay|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|}

===As a producer===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Film
! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 2008 || ''[[Subramaniapuram]]'' ||
|-
| 2009 || ''[[Pasanga]]'' || [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Film]]
|-
| 2011 || ''[[Poraali]]'' ||
|-
| 2012 || ''[[Sundarapandian]]'' ||[[Norway Tamil Film Festival Awards|Norway Tamil Film Festival Award for The Most Popular Film]]
|-
| 2013 || ''[[Thalaimuraigal]]'' || [[Nargis Dutt Award for Best Feature Film on National Integration]]
|-
| 2016 || ''[[Tharai Thappattai]]'' ||
|-
| 2016 || ''[[Kidaari]]'' ||
|-
| 2016 || ''[[Balle Vellaiyathevaa]]'' ||
|-
| 2017 || ''[[Kodiveeran]]'' ||
|-
|}

===As a voice actor ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Film
! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 2010 || ''[[Maathi Yosi]]'' ||
|-
| 2014 || ''[[Nimirndhu Nil]]'' ||
|-
| 2025 || ''[[Kumki 2]]'' ||
|-
|}

===As distributor===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Film
! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
|2010||''[[Kathai (film)|Kathai]]'' || only in Madurai region
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sasikumar, M.}}
[[Category:1975 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Male actors from Madurai]]
[[Category:Tamil film directors]]
[[Category:Tamil-language film directors]]
[[Category:Male actors in Tamil cinema]]
[[Category:Film producers from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Tamil film producers]]
[[Category:Filmfare Awards South winners]]
[[Category:Male actors in Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:Male actors in Telugu cinema]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Indian film distributors]]
[[Category:Film directors from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Producers who won the Best Film on National Integration National Film Award]]

Abhay Deol

2026-02-22T13:11:30Z

Heymfaizanali: correct article for clarity and corrected details

{{Short description|Indian actor (born 1976)}}
{{use Indian English|date=May 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}
{{Infobox person
| name =
| image = Abhay Deol in 2021.jpg
| image_upright = yes
| image_size =
| caption = Deol in 2021
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1976|03|15}}<ref name="zee">{{Cite web |
title='Dancer Deol' Abhay turns 37! | work=Zee News | date=15 March 2013 | access-date=2016-08-20 | url=http://indiagovt.com/entertainment/celebrity/dancer-deol-abhay-turns-37_130028.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330004526/http://indiagovt.com/entertainment/celebrity/dancer-deol-abhay-turns-37_130028.html | archive-date=30 March 2018 | url-status=live }}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Bombay]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| occupation = Actor
| years active = 2005–present
| relatives = See [[List of Hindi film clans#Deol family|Deol family]]
}}
'''Abhay Deol''' (born 15 March 1976) is an Indian actor who predominantly works in [[Bollywood|Hindi films]]. Born in the [[List of Hindi film clans#Deol family|Deol family]], he made his screen debut with [[Imtiaz Ali (director)|Imtiaz Ali]]'s romantic comedy ''[[Socha Na Tha]]'' (2005). Deol was praised for his performances in the independent films ''[[Manorama Six Feet Under]]'' (2007) and ''[[Oye Lucky! Lucky Oye!]]'' (2008). His breakthrough came in 2009 with a starring role in [[Anurag Kashyap]]'s black comedy ''[[Dev.D]]'', a modern-day adaptation of ''[[Devdas]]''.

Deol had his biggest commercial success in [[Zoya Akhtar]]'s ensemble film ''[[Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara]]'' (2011). His performance was well-received and earned him a nomination for [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor]]. Deol later appeared in independent films including the drama ''[[Road, Movie]]'' (2010) and the war film ''[[Chakravyuh (2012 film)|Chakravyuh]]'' (2012), while simultaneously working in commercially successful films including the romantic drama ''[[Raanjhanaa]]'' (2013), and the romantic comedy ''[[Happy Bhag Jayegi]]'' (2016). He has since starred in the [[Tamil language|Tamil]] film ''[[Hero (2019 Tamil film)|Hero]]'' (2019) and the [[Netflix]] drama series ''[[Trial By Fire (Indian web series)|Trial By Fire]]'' (2023).

Deol is noted for his portrayal of complex characters on screen, and is vocal in his support for [[parallel cinema]] in India. Deol owns a production company, Forbidden Films, which he established in 2009. He is an active philanthropist and supports various [[Non-governmental organization|NGOs]].

==Early life==
Deol was born on 15 March 1976 to Ajit Singh Deol and Usha Deol.<ref name="Heather Wilson">{{cite news|url=http://cinemachaat.com/tag/shilpi-marwaha/|title=Raanjhanaa Review|author=Heather Wilson|date=22 June 2013|access-date=16 July 2013|publisher=Cinema Chaat|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140303035801/http://cinemachaat.com/tag/shilpi-marwaha/|archive-date=3 March 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Sandhu|first=Ajay|title=Memories with Deol Family|url=http://www.punjabiportal.com/articles/dharminder-deol-old-photographs-sunny-deol-bobby-deol-childhood|work=25 December 2010|publisher=Punjabi Portal|access-date=22 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110130051643/http://www.punjabiportal.com/articles/dharminder-deol-old-photographs-sunny-deol-bobby-deol-childhood|archive-date=30 January 2011|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> He is the nephew of actor [[Dharmendra]], and the first cousin of [[Sunny Deol]], [[Bobby Deol]], [[Esha Deol]] and Ahana Deol Vohra.<ref name=sunny/> He also has two sisters, Veerta Deol and Ritu Deol. His father, Ajit Deol, who died in 2015, was Dharmendra's younger brother and an actor-director in both [[Hindi cinema|Hindi]] and [[Punjabi cinema]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 October 2015 |title=Dharmendra's Brother, Bollywood Veteran Ajit Singh Deol Dies |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/dharmendras-brother-bollywood-veteran-ajit-singh-deol-dies-1235891 |website=[[NDTV]]}}</ref>

Abhay Deol stated in an interview with ''[[Rediff]]'' that he is into acting not because of his father, but because he was involved in theatre since school. "At 18, I decided to take the plunge. It took me 10 years because I didn't want to leave my education to get into films."<ref name="sunny">{{cite web |url=http://inhome.rediff.com/movies/2005/mar/02abhay.htm |title=Sunny bhaiyya loves soft toys! |author=Patcy N |date=2 March 2005 |publisher=Rediff |access-date=17 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110106060749/http://inhome.rediff.com/movies/2005/mar/02abhay.htm |archive-date=6 January 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Acting career==

===Work in independent films and breakthrough (2005–2013)===
Deol made his film debut in the 2005 [[Imtiaz Ali (director)|Imtiaz Ali]]'s ''[[Socha Na Tha]]'', a romantic comedy where he starred opposite [[Ayesha Takia]].<ref name="debut">{{cite news |last1=Mukherjee|first1=Tastam|title=Spotting Abhay Deol in KK's Pal will be your WTF moment of the day|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/abhay-deol-kk-pal-music-video-nostalgia-90s-kids-334250-2016-08-09|website=[[India Today]]|access-date=30 September 2016|date=9 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002170419/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/abhay-deol-kk-pal-music-video-nostalgia-90s-kids/1/736059.html|archive-date=2 October 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Socha Na Tha|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/socha-na-tha/cast/|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|access-date=30 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161003111734/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/socha-na-tha/cast/|archive-date=3 October 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> The film garnered mostly positive reviews from critics and was an average grosser at the box-office.<ref>{{cite web|title=Flops galore at Indian box office!|url=http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2005/mar/08box.htm|work=Rediff.com|access-date=7 October 2016|date=8 March 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160321165655/http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2005/mar/08box.htm|archive-date=21 March 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Deol's performance in the film was well received. His second film role was 2006's romantic drama ''[[Ahista Ahista (2006 film)|Ahista Ahista]]'' opposite [[Soha Ali Khan]]. Deol's first 2007 release was the ensemble comedy drama ''[[Honeymoon Travels Pvt. Ltd.]]'' which emerged as a box-office success.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=214&catName=MjAwNw==|title=Box Office 2007 |publisher=Box Office India.com |access-date=17 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708090127/http://boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=214&catName=MjAwNw%3D%3D |archive-date=8 July 2011 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Deol had two more releases in the year, the crime film ''[[Ek Chalis Ki Last Local]]'' and the thriller ''[[Manorama Six Feet Under]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/i-want-to-retain-my-individuality-abhay-deol/389536/2|title=I want to retain my individuality: Abhay Deol - Indian Express|website=archive.indianexpress.com}}</ref> The latter won the Best Film at the [[Indo-American Arts Council|Mahindra Indo-American Arts Council Film Festival]] in [[New York City]], and Deol won the Best Actor Award.

Deol's sole release of 2008 was [[dark comedy film]] ''[[Oye Lucky! Lucky Oye!]]''. Directed by [[Dibakar Banerjee]], the film had Deol portray a compulsive thief, Lovinder Singh a.k.a. Lucky, and the film's plot follows his exploits.<ref>{{cite news |title=Who is Bunty Chor?|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/background-super-thief-bunty-devinder-singh-89294-2012-01-10|website=India Today|access-date=7 October 2016|date=11 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161009193423/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/background-super-thief-bunty-devinder-singh/1/168319.html|archive-date=9 October 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> ''Oye Lucky! Lucky Oye!'' was met with critical acclaim, but suffered heavily because of the timing of its release, a day after the [[2008 Mumbai attacks]], leading to widespread fear of crowded places.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Karaganis|first1=Joe|title=Media Piracy in Emerging Economies|date=2011|publisher=[[Lulu (company)|Lulu]]|location=Carolina|isbn=978-0984125746|pages=369|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AHo3AgAAQBAJ&q=oye+lucky+lucky+oye+success|access-date=7 October 2016}}</ref>

Deol's breakthrough role came in 2009 when he portrayed the titular character in [[Anurag Kashyap]]'s 2009 neo-noir film ''[[Dev.D]]'', a modern-day adaptation of [[Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay]]'s classic Bengali romance novel ''[[Devdas]]''. The idea behind the film was conceived by Kashyap during a conversation with Deol where the latter spoke about a man frequenting a [[Los Angeles]] strip club like a "modern day Devdas".<ref>{{cite web|title=The Inspiration Behind Anurag Kashyap's Films|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-the-inspiration-behind-anurag-kashyap-films/20120621.htm|work=[[Rediff.com]]|access-date=1 October 2016|date=21 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002022000/http://m.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-the-inspiration-behind-anurag-kashyap-films/20120621.htm|archive-date=2 October 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> ''Dev.D.'' received widespread attention for its distinct visual style, experimental soundtrack, and innovative narrative structure which was unprecedented for any Bollywood film.<ref name="nikhat">{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/hindi/Dev-D/movie-review/4082878.cms |title=Dev D Movie Review |author=Nikhat Kazmi |work=The Times of India |access-date=5 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516021541/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/hindi/Dev-D/movie-review/4082878.cms |archive-date=16 May 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> In a 4 out of 5 star review for ''[[The Times of India]]'', [[Nikhat Kazmi]] deemed Deol's performance in the film as a "class act".<ref name="nikhat"/> Deol appeared alongside [[Tannishtha Chatterjee]] in ''[[Road, Movie]]''.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/arts/cinema/article139246.ece | title=I try to fight off labels: Abhay Deol | work=The Hindu | date=4 March 2010 | agency=PTI | access-date=22 June 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711213515/http://www.thehindu.com/arts/cinema/article139246.ece | archive-date=11 July 2011 | url-status=live }}</ref> Deol made a cameo appearance for an [[Item number]] in the movie ''[[Tera Kya Hoga Johnny]]'' in 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://entertainment.in.msn.com/bollywood/article.aspx?cp-documentid=4695262 |title=Abhay Deol turns item boy in 'Tera Kya Hoga Johnny' |publisher=Entertainment.in.msn.com |date=14 December 2010 |access-date=12 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120329130037/http://entertainment.in.msn.com/bollywood/article.aspx?cp-documentid=4695262 |archive-date=29 March 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2009, Deol launched a production company Forbidden Films, with ''Junction'' being the film to be picked up by the banner.<ref>{{cite news |title=Abhay Deol wants to chart the forbidden territory|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/abhay-deol-wants-to-chart-the-forbidden-territory/406812/|website=The Indian Express|access-date=1 October 2016}}</ref>

[[File:Abhay Deol still7.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|Deol promoting ''[[Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara]]'' at a [[UTV Software Communications|UTV]] event]]
In 2010, he portrayed Arjun Burman, an investment banker opposite [[Sonam K Ahuja|Sonam Kapoor]]'s eponymous lead in the ensemble romantic comedy [[Aisha (2010 film)|''Aisha'']], which also starred [[Ira Dubey]], [[Cyrus Sahukar]], [[Amrita Puri]], [[Anand Tiwari]], [[Arunoday Singh]] and [[Lisa Haydon]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/abhay-deol-is-spitting-fire/articleshow/6871811.cms|title=Abhay Deol is spitting fire!|website=The Times of India |last1=Ganguly |first1=Prithwish }}</ref> In 2011, Deol starred in [[Zoya Akhtar]]'s ensemble comedy-drama road film ''[[Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara]]'' alongside [[Hrithik Roshan]], [[Farhan Akhtar]], [[Katrina Kaif]] and [[Kalki Koechlin]]. The story follows 3 friends, who have been inseparable since childhood, had him play the role of Kabir, an architect. They set off to Spain on a bachelor trip for Kabir who is set to be married to Natasha, an interior designer played by Koechlin.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/movie_Story.aspx?id=ENTEN20100139646&keyword=&subcatg= |title=Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara cast and crew |work=NDTV |access-date=28 June 2011 |date=27 April 2010 |author=Press Trust of India |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118201237/http://movies.ndtv.com/movie_Story.aspx?id=ENTEN20100139646&keyword=&subcatg= |archive-date=18 January 2012 }}</ref> He trained to be a [[Scuba diving|deep-sea diver]] for the film which was filmed in Spain.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-04-10/news-interviews/28149858_1_abhay-deol-diver-film|title=Abhay making a splash|author=Sharin Wader Butani|date=10 April 2010|access-date=17 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811060442/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-04-10/news-interviews/28149858_1_abhay-deol-diver-film|archive-date=11 August 2011|work=[[The Times of India]]|url-status=dead}}</ref> The film opened to high critical acclaim and grossed {{INRConvert|1.53|b}} worldwide, surpassing ''[[Dhoom 2]]'' in the [[List of highest-grossing Bollywood films|worldwide gross]], becoming the ninth-highest worldwide-grosser of all time for a Bollywood film, at the time of its release. ''Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara'' won [[Filmfare Award for Best Film|Best Film]] among other awards, and Deol received a nomination for [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]] for his performance in the film.<ref name=boiworldwidegross>{{cite web|url=http://boxofficeindia.com/arounddetail.php?page=shownews&articleid=3997&nCat=|title=Top Worldwide Grossers ALL TIME: 37 Films Hit 100 Crore |publisher=Box office India |access-date=3 February 2012 |date=3 February 2012 |author=BOI Trade Network |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205213224/http://boxofficeindia.com/arounddetail.php?page=shownews&articleid=3997&nCat=|archive-date=5 February 2012 |df=dmy }}</ref><ref name=desimartini>{{cite web|title=Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara reviews|date=19 June 2012 |url=http://www.desimartini.com/movies/zindagi-na-milegi-dobara/md1110.htm|access-date=27 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213031506/http://www.desimartini.com/movies/zindagi-na-milegi-dobara/md1110.htm|archive-date=13 December 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Deol had two releases in 2012, both of which were political thrillers– [[Dibakar Banerjee]]'s ''[[Shanghai (2012 film)|Shanghai]]'' and [[Prakash Jha]]'s ''[[Chakravyuh (2012 film)|Chakravyuh]]''. In the latter, Deol starred alongside [[Arjun Rampal]] as a police informer, but later gets involved in a [[Naxalite]] movement.<ref name="chakravyuh">{{cite news |title='Chakravyuh' Gets Mixed Reaction; Arjun Rampal Impresses Critics|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/chakravyuh039-gets-mixed-reaction-arjun-rampal-impresses-critics-398652|website=International Business Times|access-date=1 October 2016|date=26 October 2012}}</ref> The film received mixed reviews from film critics.<ref name="chakravyuh"/> ''[[Shanghai (2012 film)|Shanghai]]'' co-starring [[Emraan Hashmi]] and Kalki Koechlin was based on the French novel ''Z'' by [[Vassilis Vassilikos]].<ref name="Z">{{cite web|last1=Sen|first1=Raja|title=Review: Shanghai, a frighteningly fine film|url=http://m.rediff.com/movies/review/review-shanghai-a-frighteningly-finefilm/20120608.htm|work=Rediff.com|access-date=1 October 2016|date=8 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002024217/http://m.rediff.com/movies/review/review-shanghai-a-frighteningly-finefilm/20120608.htm|archive-date=2 October 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> The film opened to positive reviews and Deol's performance as a bureaucrat/IAS officer garnered much acclaim.<ref name="shanghai">{{cite news |last1=Kumar|first1=Manoj|title=Abhay Deol's Shanghai Gets Rave Reviews From Film Critics|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/abhay-deol039s-shanghai-gets-rave-reviews-from-film-critics-350484|website=[[International Business Times]]|access-date=1 October 2016|date=10 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161002022528/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/abhay-deol039s-shanghai-gets-rave-reviews-from-film-critics-350484|archive-date=2 October 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Raja Sen]] of ''[[Rediff.com]]'' applauded Deol writing, "he wears his inscrutability thickly and delivers a strong performance".<ref name="Z"/> The film was a surprise hit and went on to gross over {{INRConvert|200|m}} in India.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Thakkar|first1=Mehul|title=Shanghai surprises Bollywood trade gurus|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Shanghai-surprises-Bollywood-trade-gurus/articleshow/14084515.cms|website=The Times of India|access-date=1 October 2016|date=13 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180102033428/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Shanghai-surprises-Bollywood-trade-gurus/articleshow/14084515.cms|archive-date=2 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Shanghai Box Office|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/boxoffice/id/542091|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|access-date=29 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160616185939/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/boxoffice/id/542091|archive-date=16 June 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Career expansion and fluctuations (2014–present)===
In 2014, Deol hosted few episodes of [[Channel V India|Channel V]]'s crime television series ''[[Gumrah: End of Innocence]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/top-stories/story/abhay-deol-to-host-tv-show-gumrah-205021-2014-08-21|title=Abhay Deol to host TV show Gumrah|date=August 21, 2014|website=India Today}}</ref>

In 2021 Deol was seen in series ''[[1962: The War in the Hills]]'' as Major Suraj Singh, a character inspired from [[Shaitan Singh|Major Shaitan Singh]], [[Disney Channel original film]] ''[[Spin (2021 film)|Spin]]'', hailed as Disney's first film centered around an Indian-American family, wherein he played the role of Arvind Kumar, the father of the protagonist Rhea Kumar, a teenage girl who learns that she has a passion for creating DJ mixes and crime comedy film ''Velle''.<ref>{{Cite web|date=February 15, 2021|first=Shwet|last=Keshri|title=1962 The War In The Hills trailer out. Abhay Deol's Indo-China war drama looks epic|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/binge-watch/story/1962-the-war-in-the-hills-trailer-out-abhay-deol-s-indo-china-war-drama-looks-epic-1769458-2021-02-15|access-date=2021-02-25|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/hollywood-news/article/abhay-deol-spin-is-special-as-it-is-a-departure-from-my-own-status-quo-23180336|title=Abhay Deol: 'Spin' is special as it is a departure from my own status quo|date=29 June 2021|website=www.mid-day.com}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/abhay-deol-karan-deol-velle-to-release-on-dec-10-in-theatres-7627086/|title=Abhay Deol, Karan Deol's Velle to release on Dec 10 in theatres|date=18 November 2021}}</ref>

==In the media==
Deol has been described by the Indian media as an actor who continuously understands how to play complex characters.<ref name="Heather Wilson"/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/movie-reviews/movie-review-chakravyuh-754|title=Chakravyuh Review|author=NDTV|date=25 October 2013|access-date=28 August 2013|publisher=NDTV|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130131195850/http://movies.ndtv.com/movie-reviews/movie-review-chakravyuh-754|archive-date=31 January 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> He appeared on several magazine covers including the ''Man's World'' and the ''Time Out Mumbai'', with titles such as "The New Face of Indian Cinema". In 2009, Deol was included in the list of [[Zoom (Indian TV channel)|Zoom]]'s "50 Most Desirable Hotties", being placed seventh.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-01-08/news-interviews/28129347_1_ranbir-kapoor-abhay-deol-charming-demeanour |title=Ranbir is India's most desirable |author=Madhureeta Mukherjee |date=8 January 2010 |access-date=17 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811060434/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-01-08/news-interviews/28129347_1_ranbir-kapoor-abhay-deol-charming-demeanour |archive-date=11 August 2011 |work=[[The Times of India]] |url-status=dead }}</ref> Deol learned the Israeli [[Martial arts|martial art]] [[Krav Maga]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/celebwatch/Abhay-Deol-s-new-moves/490123/Article1-486438.aspx |title=Abhay Deol's new moves |author=Hiren Kotwani |date=14 December 2009 |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=17 April 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110122045636/http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/celebwatch/Abhay-Deol-s-new-moves/490123/Article1-486438.aspx |archive-date=22 January 2011 }}</ref> He has expressed feminist views on social media<ref>{{Cite web |author=Adrija Sen |date=5 June 2017 |title=Abhay Deol Doesn't Care If You Call Him a Feminazi, It's Not Going to Stop Him |website=VAGABOMB |url=https://www.vagabomb.com/Abhay-Deol-Doesnt-Care-If-You-Call-Him-Feminazi-Its-Not-Going-to-Stop-Him/ |access-date=1 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011048/https://www.vagabomb.com/Abhay-Deol-Doesnt-Care-If-You-Call-Him-Feminazi-Its-Not-Going-to-Stop-Him/ |archive-date=2 July 2018 |url-status=live }}</ref> and has also been vocal about minority and migrant rights in India.<ref>{{cite news |date=2020-06-03|title=Abhay Deol slams 'woke Indian celebrities' talking about black lives but not minorities, migrants in India|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/abhay-deol-slams-woke-indian-celebrities-talking-about-black-lives-but-not-minorities-migrants-in-india/story-YCvdAKsxg0yYex0nqYNAoN.html|access-date=2020-07-15|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref>

==Filmography==
===Films===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Key
| style="background:#FFFFCC;"| {{dagger|alt=Films that have not yet been released}}
| Denotes films that have not yet been released
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
!scope="col"| Year
!scope="col"| Title
!scope="col"| Role
!scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
!scope="col" class="unsortable" | Ref
|-
| 2005
! scope="row"| ''[[Socha Na Tha]]''
| Viren Oberoi
|
|
|-
| 2006
! scope="row"| ''[[Ahista Ahista (2006 film)|Ahista Ahista]]''
| Ankush Ramdev
|
|
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2007
! scope="row"| ''[[Honeymoon Travels Pvt. Ltd.]]''
| Aspi
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Ek Chalis Ki Last Local]]''
| Nilesh Rastogi
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Manorama Six Feet Under]]''
| Satyaveer Singh Randhawa
|
|
|-
| 2008
! scope="row"| ''[[Oye Lucky! Lucky Oye!]]''
| Lovinder 'Lucky' Singh
|
|
|-
| 2009
! scope="row"| ''[[Dev.D]]''
| Dev
|
|
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2010
! scope="row"| ''[[Road, Movie]]''
| Vishnu
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Tera Kya Hoga Johnny]]''
| Himself
| Special appearance in song "Shaher Ki Rani"
|
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Aisha (2010 film)|Aisha]]''
| Arjun Burman
|
|
|-
| 2011
! scope="row"| ''[[Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara]]''
| Kabir Dewan
| Also playback singer for the song "Señorita"
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2012
! scope="row"| ''[[Shanghai (2012 film)|Shanghai]]''
| T. A. Krishnan
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Chakravyuh (2012 film)|Chakravyuh]]''
| Kabir
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2013
! scope="row"| ''[[Raanjhanaa]]''
| Akram Zaidi / Jasjeet Singh Shergil
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[The Lovers (2013 film)|The Lovers]]''
| Udaji
| English film
|
|-
| 2014
! scope="row"| ''[[One By Two (2014 film)|One By Two]]''
| Amit Sharma
| Also producer
|
|-
| 2016
! scope="row"| ''[[Happy Bhag Jayegi]]''
| Bilal Ahmed
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2018
! scope="row"| ''[[Nanu Ki Jaanu]]''
| Nanu
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Zero (2018 film)|Zero]]''
| Aditya Kapoor
|
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |2019
! scope="row"| ''[[Chopsticks (2019 film)|Chopsticks]]''
|Artist
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Hero (2019 Tamil film)|Hero]]''
| Mahadev
| Tamil film
|
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Line of Descent]]''
| Officer Raghav
|
|
|-
|2020
! scope="row" | ''[[What Are The Odds]]''
|Valmik
|Also producer
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gadgets.ndtv.com/entertainment/news/what-are-the-odds-netflix-movie-abhay-deol-trailer-release-date-cast-2230873|title=Watch the Trailer for What Are the Odds?, Out This Week on Netflix|website=NDTV Gadgets 360}}</ref>
|-
|2021
!scope="row" | ''[[Velle (film)|Velle]]''
|Rishi Singh
|
|<ref name="auto"/>
|-
|2022
!scope="row"|''[[Jungle Cry]]''
|Rudra
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-13 |title=Jungle Cry trailer: Abhay Deol promises a riveting sports drama |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/jungle-cry-abhay-deol-promises-a-riveting-sports-drama-7916115/ |access-date=2022-05-27 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|}

===Television===
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
!scope="col"| Year
!scope="col"| Title
!scope="col"| Role
!scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
!scope="col" class="unsortable" | Ref
|-
|2013
|''Connected Hum Tum''
|Host
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livemint.com/Leisure/vx5NMeJezPWXwGT9HCDF8K/Lounge-Review--Connected-Hum-Tum.html|title=Lounge Review | 'Connected Hum Tum'|first=Nandini|last=Ramnath|date=25 May 2013|website=[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]]}}</ref>
|-
|2014
|''[[Gumrah: End of Innocence]]''
|Host
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-abhay-deol-to-host-channel-v-s-gumrah-end-of-innocence-2014064|title=Abhay Deol to host Channel V's 'Gumrah - End Of Innocence'|website=[[DNA India]]|first=Boski|last=Gupta}}</ref>
|-
| 2020
| ''[[JL50]]''
| Shantanu
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2021
|''[[1962: The War in the Hills]]''
|Major Suraj Singh
|
|
|-
|''[[Spin (2021 film)|Spin]]''
|Arvind Kumar
|Television film
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/abhay-deol-film-spin-to-release-in-india-on-this-date-7423319/|title=Abhay Deol starrer Spin to release in India on this date|date=27 July 2021|website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref>
|-
|2023
|''[[Trial By Fire (Indian web series)|Trial By Fire]]''
|Shekhar Krishnamoorthy
|
|
|}

==Awards and nominations==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!scope="col"| Year
!scope="col"| Award
!scope="col"| Category
!scope="col"| Work
!scope="col"| Result
!scope="col"| Ref.
|-
| rowspan="2" |2006
| [[Bollywood Movie Awards]]
| [[Bollywood Movie Award – Best Male Debut|Best Male Debut]]
| rowspan="2" | ''[[Socha Na Tha]]''
| {{nom}}
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Winners of Bollywood Movie Awards: 1999 to 2007 |url=http://www.bollywoodawards.com/winba9.php |access-date=1 July 2022 |work=BollywoodAwards.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102124901/http://www.bollywoodawards.com/winba9.php |archive-date=2 November 2013}}</ref>
|-
| [[Zee Cine Awards]]
| [[Zee Cine Award for Best Male Debut|Best Male Debut]]
| {{nom}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.indiafm.com/features/2006/01/27/981/index.html |title=Zee Cine Awards 2006 nominations |website=Bollywood Hungama |publisher=IndiaFM News Bureau |date=27 January 2006 |access-date=1 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061117120517/http://www.indiafm.com/features/2006/01/27/981/index.html |archive-date=17 November 2006 }}</ref>
|-
| 2007
| [[Indo-American Arts Council|Indo-American Arts Council Awards]]
| Best Actor
| ''[[Manorama Six Feet Under]]''
| {{won}}
|
|-
| rowspan="3"| 2010
| [[Screen Awards]]
| [[Screen Award for Best Actor (Popular Choice)|Best Actor – Popular Choice]]
| rowspan="2"| ''[[Dev.D]]''
| {{nom}}
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Nominations for Nokia 16th Annual Star Screen Awards 2009 |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/599/ |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=31 December 2009 |access-date=19 April 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116065844/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/599/ |archive-date=16 January 2014 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Stardust Awards]]
| [[Stardust Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]]
| {{nom}}
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Nominations for Max Stardust Awards 2010 |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/644/ |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=16 January 2010 |access-date=19 April 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141207205823/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/644/ |archive-date= 7 December 2014 }}</ref>
|-
| [[BIG Star Entertainment Awards]]
| New Talent of the Decade – Male
| {{N/A}}
| {{nom}}
|<ref>{{cite web|date=16 December 2010|title=Nominations of BIG Star Entertainment Awards|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/nominations-of-big-star-entertainment-awards/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210091242/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/nominations-of-big-star-entertainment-awards/|archive-date=10 February 2018|access-date=10 February 2018|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4"|2012
| [[Filmfare Awards]]
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]
| rowspan="4"| ''[[Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara]]''
| {{nom}}
|<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Zindagi-Na-Milegi-Dobara-sweeps-Filmfare-Awards/articleshow/11676105.cms |title=Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara sweeps Filmfare Awards |work=The Times of India |access-date=30 January 2012 |date=31 January 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120130091201/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/news-interviews/Zindagi-Na-Milegi-Dobara-sweeps-Filmfare-Awards/articleshow/11676105.cms |archive-date=30 January 2012 }}</ref>
|-
| [[IIFA Awards]]
| [[IIFA Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]
| {{nom}}
|<ref>{{cite web|title=IIFA Awards 2012: 'Zindagi Na..', 'Rockstar' steal the show |url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/iifa-2012/iifa-awards-2012-zindagi-na-rockstar-steal-the-show_113112.htm |publisher=[[Zee News]] |access-date=23 January 2015 |date=10 June 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150123172228/http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/iifa-2012/iifa-awards-2012-zindagi-na-rockstar-steal-the-show_113112.htm |archive-date=23 January 2015 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Screen Awards]]
| Best Ensemble Cast
| {{nom}}
|<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/2951 |title=Nominations for 18th Annual Colors Screen Awards 2012 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |access-date=27 January 2012 |date=6 January 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121053726/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/2951 |archive-date=21 January 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[4th Mirchi Music Awards]]
| [[Mirchi Music Award for Upcoming Male Vocalist of The Year|Upcoming Male Vocalist of The Year]] (for "[[Señorita (Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara song)|Senorita]]")
| {{nom}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.radiomirchi.com/mma2011/hindi/nominees.php|title=Nominations - Mirchi Music Award Hindi 2011 |date=30 January 2013|access-date=24 May 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130130161203/http://www.radiomirchi.com/mma2011/hindi/nominees.php|archive-date=30 January 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|-
| 2014
| [[Producers Guild Film Awards]]
| [[Producers Guild Film Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role|Best Actor in a Supporting Role]]
| ''[[Raanjhanaa]]''
| {{nom}}
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Nominations for Renault Star Guild Awards 2014|date=16 January 2014|url=https://www.filmibeat.com/bollywood/news/2014/renault-star-guild-awards-2014-nominees-list-129818.html|access-date=16 January 2014|archive-date=19 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140119030306/http://entertainment.oneindia.in/bollywood/news/2014/renault-star-guild-awards-2014-nominees-list-129818.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 2023
| [[2023 Filmfare OTT Awards|Filmfare OTT Awards]]
| Best Actor in a Drama Series
| ''[[Trial by Fire (TV series)|Trial By Fire]]''
| {{nom}}
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.femina.in/trending/in-the-news/nominations-for-the-filmfare-ott-awards-2023-full-list-out-279050.html|title=Nominations for the Filmfare OTT Awards 2023: Full List Out|date=23 November 2023|access-date=28 November 2023|work=Filmfare}}</ref>

|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{IMDb name}}
* {{BH person|abhay-deol}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Deol, Abhay}}
[[Category:1976 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Indian feminists]]
[[Category:Male feminists]]
[[Category:Punjabi people]]
[[Category:Male actors in Hindi cinema]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Indian male playback singers]]
[[Category:Male actors from Mumbai]]

Cinema of West Bengal

2026-02-12T13:37:05Z

Heymfaizanali: Page refined with updated information

{{Short description|Indian cinema}}

{{Distinguish|text = [[Telugu cinema]], also called Tollywood}}
{{about|Cinema of West Bengal in India|Bangla cinema in Bangladesh|Cinema of Bangladesh}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox cinema market
| name = Cinema of West Bengal
| image = File:Indiafilm.svg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| screens = 381 screens in [[West Bengal]] and [[Tripura]] states of India (2023)<ref>{{Cite news |last=Vinayak |first=A. J. |date=28 September 2022 |title=Why films from the South set the box office on fire |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/data-stories/why-screens-and-seats-count-in-creating-hit-south-indian-movies/article65945389.ece |work=[[The Hindu Business Line]] |access-date=8 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929190733/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/data-stories/why-screens-and-seats-count-in-creating-hit-south-indian-movies/article65945389.ece |archive-date=September 29, 2022}}</ref>
| screens_per_capita =
| distributors = {{br separated entries|[[Shree Venkatesh Films|SVF]]|[[Eskay Movies]]|[[Surinder Films]]|[[Jeet (actor)|Grassroot Entertainment]]|[[Dev Entertainment Ventures]]|[[Windows Production]]|Patras Glam Entertainment<ref>{{cite web | title=Action thriller 'Nasha Jurm aur Gangsters' gearing up for release | work=The Times of India | date=April 2023 | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/action-thriller-nasha-jurm-aur-gangsters-gearing-up-for-release/articleshow/99174921.cms }}</ref>|}}
| produced_ref = <ref>{{cite web |title=List of feature films certified in 2023 |url=https://www.cbfcindia.gov.in/cbfcAdmin/assets/pdf/Films_certified_2023.pdf |website=cbfcindia.gov.in |access-date=13 March 2025 |language=en}}</ref>
| produced_total = 145 (Theatrical)
| produced_year = 2023
| produced_fictional =
| produced_animated =
| produced_documentary =
| admissions_year =
| admissions_ref =
| admissions_total =
| admissions_per_capita =
| admissions_national =
| box_office_year = 2025
| box_office_ref = <ref>{{cite web
|title=The Ormax Box Office Report: 2025 |url=https://www.ormaxmedia.com/data/library/TheOrmaxBoxOfficeReport-2025.pdf
|website=Ormax Media
|publisher=Ormax Media
|format=PDF
|access-date=11 February 2026
|quote=According to The Ormax Box Office Report: 2025, the Indian box office crossed ₹13,000 crore in gross collections in 2025.
}}</ref>
| box_office_total = {{INRConvert|108|c}} 
| box_office_national =
}}

'''Cinema of West Bengal''', also known as '''Tollywood''' or '''Bengali cinema in India''', is the segment of [[Cinema of India|Indian cinema]], dedicated to the production of motion pictures in the [[Bengali language]], widely spoken in the state of [[West Bengal]] and [[Eastern India]]. It is based in the [[Tollygunge]] region of [[Kolkata]], West Bengal. The origin of the nickname "Tollywood"—a [[portmanteau]] of the words Tollygunge and [[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]]—dates back to 1932.<ref name=Sarkar/> It was a historically important film industry, at one time the centre of Indian film production.<ref name=Sarkar/> The Bengali film industry is known for producing many of [[Cinema of India|Indian cinema]]'s most critically acclaimed [[Parallel Cinema]] and [[art film]]s, with several of its filmmakers gaining recognition at the [[National Film Awards|Indian National Film Awards]] and earning international acclaim.

Bengali feature films have won the most [[National Film Awards]] with 22 wins in India.<ref>{{cite web |last=Muthyanolla |first=vSai Krishna |date=4 October 2024 |title=Data: 50% of the Best Feature Film Awards in the National Film Awards went to Bengali & Malayalam Films |url=https://factly.in/data-50-of-the-best-feature-film-awards-in-the-national-film-awards-went-to-bengali-malayalam-films/ |website=Factly |access-date=11 February 2026 |quote=Data from the 70 editions of the National Film Awards indicate Bengali films have led the count with 22 awards in the Best Feature Film category, followed by Malayalam with 13 and Hindi films with 12.}}</ref> The history of Bengali cinema began in the early 20th century with the release of ''[[Billwamangal]]'' (also known as Bhagwat Gita) in 1919, which is widely regarded as the world's first Bengali film<ref>{{cite news |title=NFAI acquires ‘Bilwamangal’, a 1919 silent film |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/entertainment-others/nfai-acquires-bilwamangal-a-1919-silent-film-2983847/ |work=The Indian Express |date=20 August 2016 |access-date=11 February 2026}}</ref> Produced by Madan Theatres and directed by Rustomji Dhotiwala, the film was a silent film based on a religious narrative and marked Bengal’s entry into feature-length filmmaking. Although earlier film experiments in Bengal were conducted by Hiralal Sen between 1898 and 1903, these consisted mainly of short actuality and theatrical recordings rather than full-length narrative films. The release of ''Billwamangal'' laid the foundation for the development of the Bengali film industry, which later emerged as one of the most influential regional cinemas in India.{{cn|date=February 2026}}

Ever since [[Satyajit Ray]]'s ''[[Pather Panchali (film)|Pather Panchali]]'' (1955) was awarded Best Human Document at the [[1956 Cannes Film Festival]], Bengali films frequently appeared in international fora and film festivals for the next several decades.<ref name="Desai38">Desai, Jigna (2004), ''[[iarchive:beyondbollywoodc0000desa/page/38/mode/2up|Beyond Bollywood: The Cultural Politics of South Asian Diasporic Film]]'', p. 38, [[Routledge]], {{ISBN|0-415-96684-1}}</ref> This allowed Bengali filmmakers to reach a global audience. The most influential among them was Satyajit Ray, whose films became successful among European, [[Americas|American]] and Asian audiences.<ref>{{cite web|title=Why we admire Satyajit Ray so much|author=Arthur J Pais|work=[[Rediff.com]]|date=14 April 2009|url=http://movies.rediff.com/report/2009/apr/14/why-we-admire-satyajit-ray-so-much.htm|access-date=17 April 2009|archive-date=1 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121001050858/http://movies.rediff.com/report/2009/apr/14/why-we-admire-satyajit-ray-so-much.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> His work subsequently had a worldwide impact, with filmmakers such as [[Martin Scorsese]],<ref>{{cite web |author=Chris Ingui |publisher=Hatchet |url=http://media.www.gwhatchet.com/media/storage/paper332/news/2002/03/04/Arts/Martin.Scorsese.Hits.Dc.Hangs.With.The.Hachet-195598.shtml |title=Martin Scorsese hits DC, hangs with the Hachet |access-date=29 June 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826214118/http://media.www.gwhatchet.com/media/storage/paper332/news/2002/03/04/Arts/Martin.Scorsese.Hits.Dc.Hangs.With.The.Hachet-195598.shtml |archive-date=26 August 2009}}</ref> [[James Ivory (director)|James Ivory]],<ref>{{cite web | author=Sheldon Hall | publisher=Screen Online | url=http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/532213/index.html | title=Ivory, James (1928-) | access-date=12 February 2007 | archive-date=30 December 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061230165100/http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/532213/index.html | url-status=live }}</ref> [[Abbas Kiarostami]], [[Elia Kazan]], [[François Truffaut]],<ref>{{cite news|title=THE 'WORLD' OF SATYAJIT RAY: LEGACY OF INDIA'S PREMIER FILM MAKER ON DISPLAY |author=Dave Kehr |work=[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]] |date=5 May 1995 |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/entertainment/1995/05/05/1995-05-05_the__world__of_satyajit_ray_.html |access-date=6 June 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090915204359/http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/entertainment/1995/05/05/1995-05-05_the__world__of_satyajit_ray_.html |archive-date=15 September 2009 }}</ref> [[Carlos Saura]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Satyajit Ray is this Spanish director's inspiration|author=Suchetana Ray|publisher=[[CNN-IBN]]|date=11 March 2008|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/satyajit-ray-is-this-spanish-directors-inspiration/60900-8.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090915212023/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/satyajit-ray-is-this-spanish-directors-inspiration/60900-8.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 September 2009|access-date=6 June 2009}}</ref> [[Isao Takahata]],<ref>{{cite web |author=Daniel Thomas |title=Film Reviews: Grave of the Fireflies (Hotaru no Haka) |date=20 January 2003 |url=http://www.danielthomas.org/pop/film_reviews/fireflies.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030206152449/http://danielthomas.org/pop/film_reviews/fireflies.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=6 February 2003 |access-date=30 May 2009 }}</ref> [[Wes Anderson]]<ref name = "The Statesman">{{cite web| title = On Ray's Trail| url = http://www.thestatesman.net/page.arcview.php?clid=30&id=172929&usrsess=1
| publisher = The Statesman| access-date = 19 October 2007|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080103071501/http://www.thestatesman.net/page.arcview.php?clid=30&id=172929&usrsess=1 |archive-date = 3 January 2008}}</ref> and [[Danny Boyle]]<ref name=Jivani>{{cite web |author=Alkarim Jivani |title=Mumbai rising |work=[[Sight & Sound]] |date=February 2009 |url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/feature/49511 |access-date=1 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201115836/http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/feature/49511/ |archive-date=1 February 2009 }}</ref> being influenced by his cinematic style, and many others such as [[Akira Kurosawa]] praising his work.<ref>{{Cite book|last1 = Robinson|given1 = A|year = 2003|title = Satyajit Ray: The Inner Eye: The Biography of a Master Film-Maker|publisher = I. B. Tauris|isbn = 1-86064-965-3|page = 96}}</ref>

The "youthful [[Coming of age|coming-of-age]] [[Drama film|dramas]] that have flooded art houses since the mid-fifties owe a tremendous debt to the [[The Apu Trilogy|Apu trilogy]]".<ref>{{Cite journal|title=An Art Wedded to Truth |first=Michael |last=Sragow |year=1994 |journal=[[The Atlantic|The Atlantic Monthly]] |publisher=[[University of California, Santa Cruz]] |url=http://satyajitray.ucsc.edu/articles/sragow.html |access-date=11 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090412212046/http://satyajitray.ucsc.edu/articles/sragow.html |archive-date=12 April 2009 }}</ref> ''[[Kanchenjungha]]'' (1962) introduced a narrative structure that resembles later [[hyperlink cinema]].<ref>{{cite web|title=An Interview with Satyajit Ray|year=1982|url=https://raylifeandwork.blogspot.com/2009/02/interview-with-satyajit-ray.html|access-date=24 May 2009|archive-date=8 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708061608/http://raylifeandwork.blogspot.com/2009/02/interview-with-satyajit-ray.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Ray's 1967 script for a film to be called ''[[The Alien (1960s film)|The Alien]]'', which was eventually cancelled, is widely believed to have been the inspiration for [[Steven Spielberg]]'s ''[[E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial|E.T.]]'' (1982).<ref name=unmaderay>{{cite web|url=http://www.satyajitrayworld.com/raysfilmography/unmaderay.aspx |title=Ordeals of the Alien |last=Ray |first=Satyajit |work=The Unmade Ray |publisher=Satyajit Ray Society |access-date=21 April 2008 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080427215538/http://www.satyajitrayworld.com/raysfilmography/unmaderay.aspx |archive-date=27 April 2008 }}</ref><ref name=IMDbRay>{{cite web|author=Neumann P|publisher=Internet Movie Database Inc|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0006249/bio|title=Biography for Satyajit Ray|access-date=29 April 2006|archive-date=13 March 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070313074923/http://imdb.com/name/nm0006249/bio|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=UCSCcurrents>{{cite news|author=Newman J|url=http://www.ucsc.edu/currents/01-02/09-17/ray.html|title=Satyajit Ray Collection receives Packard grant and lecture endowment|publisher=UC Santa Cruz Currents online|date=17 September 2001|access-date=29 April 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051104203511/http://www.ucsc.edu/currents/01-02/09-17/ray.html|archive-date=4 November 2005}}</ref> [[Ira Sachs]]' ''[[Forty Shades of Blue]]'' (2005) was a loose remake of ''[[Charulata]]'' (1964), and in [[Gregory Nava]]'s ''[[My Family (1995 film)|My Family]]'' (1995), the final scene is duplicated from the final scene of ''[[The World of Apu]]''. Similar references to Ray films are found in recent works such as ''[[Sacred Evil]]'' (2006),<ref>{{cite web | author=SK Jha | publisher=Telegraph India | url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1060609/asp/etc/story_6319302.asp | title=Sacred Ray | access-date=29 June 2006 | archive-date=18 June 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060618042430/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1060609/asp/etc/story_6319302.asp | url-status=dead }}</ref> the ''[[Elements trilogy]]'' of [[Deepa Mehta]], and in films of [[Jean-Luc Godard]].<ref>{{cite web|author = André Habib|publisher = Senses of Cinema | url=https://newbengalimoviesdownload.clickto.in/before-and-after-origins-and-death-in-the-work-of-jean-luc-godard/ |title=Before and After: Origins and Death in the Work of Jean-Luc Godard | access-date=29 June 2006|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060614150838/http://www.sensesofcinema.com/contents/01/16/godard_habib.html |archive-date = 14 June 2006}}</ref>

Another prominent Bengali filmmaker is [[Mrinal Sen]], whose films have been well known for their [[Marxism|Marxist]] views. During his career, Mrinal Sen's films have received awards from major film festivals, including [[Cannes Film Festival|Cannes]], Berlin, [[Venice]], Moscow, [[Karlovy Vary]], [[Montreal]], [[Chicago]], and [[Cairo]]. Retrospectives of his films have been shown in major cities of the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mrinalsen.org/|title=Mrinal Sen|access-date=15 May 2009|archive-date=27 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090527172007/http://mrinalsen.org/|url-status=live}}</ref> Bengali filmmaker [[Ritwik Ghatak]] began reaching a global audience long after his death; beginning in the 1990s, a project to restore Ghatak's films was undertaken, and international exhibitions (and subsequent DVD releases) have belatedly generated an increasingly global audience. Some of his films have strong similarities to later famous international films, such as ''[[Ajantrik]]'' (1958) resembled the [[Herbie]] films (1967–2005) and ''[[Bari Theke Paliye]]'' (1958) resembled [[François Truffaut]]'s ''[[The 400 Blows]]'' (1959). Other eminent Bengali filmmakers included the trio of [[Tapan Sinha]], [[Ajoy Kar]] and [[Tarun Majumdar]], collectively referred as "TAT". Their films have been well known for Best Literature Adaptation and displaying larger than life perspectives. ''[[Ajoy Kar]]'' directorial numerous films created many new milestones and broke existing box office records in the Golden Era.

The cinematographer [[Subrata Mitra]], who made his debut with Ray's ''The Apu Trilogy'', also had an important influence on [[cinematography]] across the world. One of his most important techniques was [[Reflector (photography)#Bounce lighting|bounce lighting]], to recreate the effect of daylight on sets. He pioneered the technique while filming ''[[Aparajito]]'' (1956), the second part of ''The Apu Trilogy''.<ref name=cinematographers>{{cite web|title=Subrata Mitra|publisher=Internet Encyclopedia of Cinematographers|url=http://www.cinematographers.nl/GreatDoPh/mitra.htm|access-date=22 May 2009|archive-date=2 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602164022/http://www.cinematographers.nl/GreatDoPh/mitra.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Some of the experimental techniques which Satyajit Ray pioneered include [[Negative (photography)|photo-negative]] [[Flashback (narrative)|flashback]]s and [[X-ray]] [[digression]]s while filming ''[[Pratidwandi]]'' (1972).<ref>{{cite web|title=First Light: Satyajit Ray From the Apu Trilogy to the Calcutta Trilogy|author=Nick Pinkerton|date=14 April 2009|work=[[The Village Voice]]|url=http://www.villagevoice.com/2009-04-15/film/first-light-satyajit-ray-from-the-apu-trilogy-to-the-calcutta-trilogy|access-date=9 July 2009|archive-date=25 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090625154630/http://www.villagevoice.com/2009-04-15/film/first-light-satyajit-ray-from-the-apu-trilogy-to-the-calcutta-trilogy|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Following Kerala's Hema committee, similar proposal for setting up a committee in West Bengal's Tollywood has been proposed to the Chief Minister.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-11 |title=Actor Ritabhari: Mamata Banerjee responded to our request for Hema Committee-like body |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/committee-formed-to-investigate-sexual-harassment-in-bengali-film-industry-2597882-2024-09-11 |access-date=2024-09-11 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

==Etymology==
Tollywood was the very first [[Hollywood-inspired names|Hollywood-inspired name]], dating back to a 1932 article in the ''[[American Cinematographer]]'' by Wilford E. Deming, an American engineer who was involved in the production of the first Indian sound film. He gave the industry the name Tollywood because the [[Tollygunge]] district in which it was based rhymed with "Hollywood", and because Tollygunge was the centre of the [[cinema of India]] as a whole at the time much like Hollywood was in the [[cinema of the United States]].<ref name=Sarkar>{{Cite journal|doi=10.1177/0921374007088054|first=Bhaskar|last=Sarkar|title=The Melodramas of Globalization|journal=Cultural Dynamics|year=2008|volume=20|pages=31–51 [34]|s2cid=143977618}}</ref>

In that same March 1932 article, Deming was also considering the name "Hollygunge" but decided to go with "Tollywood" as the nickname for the Tollygunge area due to "Tolly being a proper name and Gunge meaning locality" in the [[Bengali language]]. It was this "chance juxtaposition of two pairs of rhyming syllables," Holly and Tolly, that led to the name "Tollywood" being coined. The name "Tollywood" went on to be used as a nickname for the Bengali film industry by the popular [[Kolkata]]-based ''[[The Statesman (India)|Junior Statesman]]'' youth magazine, establishing a precedent for other film industries to use similar-sounding names.<ref name="prasad_2008">{{cite book|last=Prasad|first=M. Madhava|title=Global Bollywood|year=2008|publisher=[[New York University Press]]|location=New York|isbn=978-0-8147-4798-8|pages=41–3|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2CqERCzWn5gC&pg=PA41|author2=Punathambekar, Aswin|editor=Anandam P. Kavoori|access-date=6 February 2012|chapter=Chapter 2: Surviving Bollywood|archive-date=1 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160501083304/https://books.google.com/books?id=2CqERCzWn5gC&pg=PA41|url-status=live}}</ref> Tollywood later went on to inspire the name "[[Bollywood]]" (as the [[Mumbai|Bombay]]-based industry overtook the one in Tollygunge), which in turn inspired many other [[List of Hollywood-inspired nicknames|similar names]].<ref name=Sarkar/><ref name="prasad_2008"/>

==History==
[[File:Dena paona 1931.jpg|thumb|right|180px|A scene from ''[[Dena Paona (film)|Dena Paona]]'', 1931]]
{{more citations needed section|date=February 2024}}

The history of cinema in [[Bengal]] dates to the 1920s when the first "[[bioscope show|bioscopes]]" were shown in theatres in [[Calcutta]]. Within a decade, [[Hiralal Sen]], considered a stalwart of [[Victorian era]] cinema<ref name="VF">{{cite web|url=http://www.victorian-cinema.net/sen.htm|title=Who's Who of Victorian Cinema|access-date=16 September 2008|archive-date=23 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120523154503/http://www.victorian-cinema.net/sen.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> set up the [[Royal Bioscope Company]], producing scenes from the stage productions of a number of popular shows<ref name="VF" /> at the [[Star Theatre, Calcutta|Star Theatre]], [[Minerva Theatre, Kolkata|Minerva Theatre]], [[Classic Theatre]]. Following a long gap after Sen's works,<ref name="Banglanet">[http://www.bangladesh.net/cinema/page2.htm Pioneers of Bangladeshi Cinema] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070125000256/http://www.bangladesh.net/cinema/page2.htm |date=25 January 2007 }}</ref> [[Dhirendra Nath Ganguly]] (known as D.G.) established the [[Indo British Film Co]], the first Bengali-owned production company, in 1918. However, the first Bengali feature film, ''[[Billwamangal]]'', was produced in 1919, under the banner of [[Madan Theatre]]. ''[[Bilat Ferat (1921)|Bilat Ferat]]'' was the IBFC's first production in 1921. The [[Madan Theatre]] production of ''[[Jamai Shashthi]]'' was the first Bengali [[talkie]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0316049/|title=Jamai Shashthi (1931)|date=11 April 1931|work=IMDb|access-date=29 June 2018|archive-date=16 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916215027/https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0316049/|url-status=live}}</ref> A long history has been traversed since then, with stalwarts such as [[Satyajit Ray]], [[Mrinal Sen]], [[Ritwik Ghatak]], [[Tapan Sinha]], [[Ajoy Kar]] and others earning international acclaim and securing their place in the movie history.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}

===Early development===

==== Silent era: 1919–1930 ====
{{Main|List of silent Bengali films}}
[[Hiralal Sen]], India is credited as one of Bengal's, and India's first directors. These were all [[silent film]]s. Hiralal Sen is also credited as one of the pioneers of advertisement films in India. The first Bengali-language movie was the silent feature ''[[Billwamangal]]'', produced by the Madan Theatre Company of Calcutta and released on 8 November 1919, only six years after the first full-length Indian feature film, ''[[Raja Harish Chandra]]'', was released.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hayat |first=Anupam |year=2012 |chapter=Film, Feature |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Film,_Feature |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]] |access-date=21 March 2016 |archive-date=26 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926202745/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Film,_Feature |url-status=live }}</ref>

The early beginnings of the "talking film" industry go back to the early 1930s when it came to [[British India]], and to Calcutta. The movies were originally made in [[Urdu]] or [[Persian language|Persian]] to accommodate a specific elite market. One of the earliest known studios was the [[East India Film Company]]. The first Bengali film to be made as a [[talkie]] was ''[[Jamai Shashthi]]'', released in 1931. At this time the early heroes of the Bengali film industry like [[Pramathesh Barua]] and [[Debaki Bose]] were at the peak of their popularity. Barua also directed movies, exploring new dimensions in Indian cinema. Debaki Bose directed ''Chandidas'' in 1932; this film is noted for its breakthrough in recording sound. Sound recordist Mukul Bose found a solution to the problem of spacing out dialogue and frequency modulation.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}

==== Rise of the talkie: 1931–1947 ====
[[File:Seeta 1933.jpg|thumb|right|180px|A scene from ''[[Seeta (1933 film)|Seeta]]'' (dir: [[Sisir Bhaduri]]), 1933. [[Sisir Bhaduri]], [[Amalendu Lahiri]].]]
The [[Bengali film industry]] has made significant contributions to the [[cinema of India]]. The first Bengali [[talkies]] were the short film ''[[Jamai Shashthi]]'' released on 11 April 1931 at Crown Cinema Hall in Calcutta, and full-length feature ''[[Dena Paona (film)|Dena Paona]]'' released on 30 December 1931 at Chitra Cinema Hall in Calcutta. The industry was based in [[Tollygunge]], an area of South Kolkata, [[West Bengal]] that is more elite and artistically inclined than the usual [[musical film|musical]] cinema fare in India.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}} [[Kanan Devi]] was an early female star of Bengali film, alongside [[Chandrabati Devi]], [[Molina Devi]] and [[Chhaya Devi]]. The most popular Bengali male actors were [[Sisir Bhaduri]], [[Chhabi Biswas]], [[Ahindra Choudhury]], [[Dhiraj Bhattacharya]] and [[Pahari Sanyal]]. Popular filmmakers include [[Debaki Bose]], [[Nitin Bose]], [[Madhu Bose]], [[Premankur Atorthy]] and [[Premendra Mitra]].

=== Golden era: 1952–1981 ===
{{See also|Parallel Cinema}}
[[File:Satyajit Ray.jpg|thumb|right|180px|[[Satyajit Ray]]]]

Bengali cinema enjoyed a large, even disproportionate, representation in Indian cinema during this period. They produced directors like [[Ajoy Kar]], [[Satyajit Ray]], [[Tapan Sinha]], [[Mrinal Sen]], [[Tarun Majumdar]], [[Premendra Mitra]]. [[Satyajit Ray]] is an [[Academy Honorary Award]] winner and the recipient of India's and France's greatest civilian honours, the [[Bharat Ratna]] and [[Légion d'honneur|Legion of Honor]] respectively, and [[Mrinal Sen]] is the recipient of the French distinction of Commander of the [[Ordre des Arts et des Lettres|Order of Arts and Letters]] and the Russian [[Order of Friendship]]. The revival in Bengali Mainstream cinema dates from the rise of directors such as [[Tarun Majumdar]] along with [[Arabinda Mukhopadhyay]] and [[Shakti Samanta]]. Other prominent filmmakers in the Bengali film industry at the time included [[Ritwik Ghatak]], [[Mrinal Sen]], [[Tapan Sinha]] and [[Ajoy Kar]]. The Bengali film industry has produced classics such as ''[[Nagarik]]'' (1952), ''[[The Apu Trilogy]]'' (1955–1959), ''[[Kabuliwala (1957 film)|Kabuliwala]]'' (1957), ''[[Jalsaghar]]'' (1958), ''[[Ajantrik]]'' (1958), ''[[Neel Akasher Neechey]]'' (1959), ''[[Devi (1960 film)|Devi]]'' (1960), ''[[Meghe Dhaka Tara (1960 film)|Meghe Dhaka Tara]]'' (1960), ''[[Saptapadi (1961 film)|Saptapadi]]'' (1961), ''[[Jhinder Bondi]]'' (1961), ''[[Saat Pake Bandha]]'' (1963), ''[[Jatugriha]]'' (1964), ''[[Atithi (1965 film)|Atithi]]'' (1965), ''[[Hatey Bazarey]]'' (1967), ''[[Malyadan]]'' (1971), ''[[Nimantran]]'' (1971), ''[[Shriman Prithviraj]]'' (1973), [[Pratidwandi|Calcutta trilogies]] (1971–1976), ''[[Mrigayaa]]'' (1976), ''[[Ganadevata (film)|Ganadevata]]'' (1978), etc. In particular,''Calcutta trilogies'', ''The Apu Trilogy'', ''Shriman Prithviraj'', ''Saptapadi'' are frequently listed among the [[Films considered the greatest ever|greatest films of all time]].<ref name=bfipoll>{{cite web|url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/topten/history/1992.html|title=The Sight & Sound Top Ten Poll: 1992|work=[[Sight & Sound]]|publisher=[[British Film Institute]]|access-date=20 May 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309164155/http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/topten/history/1992.html|archive-date=9 March 2012}}</ref><ref name=villagevoice>{{cite web|url=http://www.villagevoice.com/specials/take/one/full_list.php3?category=10 |title=Take One: The First Annual Village Voice Film Critics' Poll |access-date=27 July 2006|year=1999 |work=[[The Village Voice]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070826201343/http://www.villagevoice.com/specials/take/one/full_list.php3?category=10|archive-date= 26 August 2007}}</ref><ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/ref/movies/1000best.html "The Best 1,000 Movies Ever Made"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222124411/https://www.nytimes.com/ref/movies/1000best.html |date=22 December 2016 }}. ''[[The New York Times]]''. 2002.</ref><ref name=Time>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/2005/100movies/the_complete_list.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050523235033/http://www.time.com/time/2005/100movies/the_complete_list.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 May 2005|title=All-Time 100 Best Movies|access-date=19 May 2008|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=12 February 2005}}</ref>

The most well-known [[Bengali people|Bengali]] superstars to date have been [[Uttam Kumar]] and [[Soumitra Chatterjee]].Uttam is considered the most popular and Soumitra the finest.[[Suchitra Sen]] is regarded as the most beautiful and influential actress of Bengali cinema. [[Uttam Kumar|Kumar]] and [[Suchitra Sen|Sen]] were known as "The Eternal Pair" in the late 1950s. This pair worked in the 1961 epic Romantic drama ''[[Saptapadi (1961 film)]]'' by [[Ajoy Kar|Kar]] besides others. Suchitra Sen got her first International Award for ''[[Saat Pake Bandha]] (1963)'' by [[Ajoy Kar|Kar]]. Apart from Sen, [[Sabitri Chatterjee]] and [[Sumitra Devi (actress)|Sumitra Devi]] were very popular actresses.

[[Soumitra Chatterjee]] considered one of the greatest actors in the history of Indian and [[World cinema|World Cinema]], and the finest actor in the history of Bengali cinema left an indelible mark on every role he played. An artist of unparalleled depth and versatility, he became the quintessential face of Satyajit Ray’s masterpieces and a defining force in Bengali cinema for over six decades.

Beyond cinema, Chatterjee was an influential figure in Bengali theatre, both as an actor and director, and was a prolific poet and writer. His profound impact on the arts was recognized with numerous accolades, including the [[Padma Bhushan]] (2004), [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]] (2012) for lifetime achievement in Indian cinema and the [[Legion of Honour]](2018) France’s highest civilian award.While Uttam Kumar and Soumitra Chatterjee were often perceived as rivals in the 1960s Bengali film industry, they actually shared a close, brotherly relationship. Their first meeting occurred at Soumitra's sister's wedding, where Uttam Kumar, a friend of Soumitra's brother-in-law, was present.This personal connection fostered a deep friendship between the two actors, contradicting the popular belief of intense rivalry.Soumitra's best films include [[The World of Apu|Opur Shongshar]] (1959),[[Charulata|Charulota]] (1964),[[Devi (1960 film)|Devi]] (1960), [[Aranyer Din Ratri|Oronner Din Ratri]] (1970), [[Sonar Kella|Shonar Kella]] (1974), [[Abhijan (1962 film)|Obhijan]] (1962), [[Teen Kanya|Teen Konna]] (1961), [[Kapurush]] (1965), [[Joi Baba Felunath (film)|Joi Baba Felunath]] (1979), [[Ghare Baire (film)|Ghore Baire]] (1984), [[Ganashatru|Gonoshatru]] (1990), [[Distant Thunder (1973 film)|Oshoni Shonket]] (1973), [[Shakha Proshakha]] (1990), [[Hirak Rajar Deshe|Hirok Rajar Deshe]] (1980), [[Teen Bhubaner Pare|Teen Bhuboner Pare]] (1969), [[Saat Pake Bandha|Shat Pake Badha]](1963), [[Akash Kusum]] (1965), [[Bela Seshe]] (2015), [[Podokkhep]] (2006).

In 70's, [[Ranjit Mallick]] is famous for Youth Characterization of [[Interview (1971 film)|Interview]], [[Calcutta 71]]. [[Rabi Ghosh]] and [[Anil Chatterjee]] is a notable actor for his Versatile Acting which impressed the Audience in short time.

In the 1960s, Bengal saw a host of talented actresses like [[Aparna Sen]], [[Sharmila Tagore]], [[Madhabi Mukherjee]], [[Sandhya Roy]] and, [[Supriya Devi]] and [[Jayashree Kabir]]. Aparna Sen was one of the most successful actresses of the Golden Era. She became the leading heroine of the 1970s and since 1981 she has been directing films. One of the most well-known Bengali actresses was [[Sharmila Tagore]], who debuted in Ray's ''The World of Apu'', and became a major actress in Bengali cinema as well as Bollywood. Despite Suchitra Sen being the greatest actress, Sharmila was the most commercially successful actress in history with films like ''The World of Apu'' (1959), ''Devi'' (1960), ''Nayak'' (1966), ''Simabaddha'' (1967), and ''Aranyer Dinratri'' (1970).{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}

[[Utpal Dutt]] is internationally known for his acting in movies and plays, especially Shakespearean plays. [[Bhanu Bandopadhyay]], [[Rabi Ghosh]], and [[Anup Kumar (actor)|Anup Kumar]] were best known for their comic timing, and with their versatile acting talent they stunned the audience and critics.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}}

The pioneers in Bengali film music include [[Raichand Boral]], [[Pankaj Mullick]], and [[K. C. Dey]], all associated with [[New Theatres Calcutta]]. The greatest composers of the golden era included [[Robin Chatterjee]], [[Sudhin Dasgupta]], [[Nachiketa Ghosh]], [[Hemant Kumar]], etc. [[Tarun Majumdar]] is well known for First time educational, cultural, and philosophical cinematic experiences for both a mass audience and a class audience, He abolished the division in taste between mass and class audiences. Majumdar is best known for such Evergreen films as ''[[Shriman Prithviraj]]'', ''[[Ganadevata (film)|Ganadevata]]'', ''Sansar Simante'' and ''[[Alo (film)|Alo]]'' and Many more.<ref name=tripod>{{cite web|url=http://members.tripod.com/oldies_club/new_theatres_calcutta.htm|title=NEW THEATRES CALCUTTA|access-date=16 September 2008|archive-date=20 August 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820190948/http://members.tripod.com/oldies_club/new_theatres_calcutta.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Modern revival: 1982–2007 ===
[[File:Nandan - Kolkata 2011-01-09 0153.JPG|thumb|West Bengal Film Center in [[Kolkata]]]]
The revival in Bengali cinema dates from the rise of directors such as [[Anjan Choudhury]], [[Haranath Chakraborty]], [[Aparna Sen]], [[Anjan Dutt]], [[Goutam Ghosh]], along with [[Rituparno Ghosh]], [[Sandip Ray]], [[Prabhat Roy]], [[Sudeshna Roy]], [[Buddhadeb Dasgupta]], [[Anjan Das]], [[Bappaditya Bandopadhyay]], [[Sekhar Das]], and [[Subrata Sen]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gooptu |first1=Sharmistha |date=23 February 2014 |title=Mapping Bengal's cinema history |url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2014/sunday-edition/mapping-bengals-cinema-history.html |work=The Pioneer |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref> Rituparno Ghosh made his first film, ''[[Hirer Angti]]'', in 1992 and dominated Bengali cinema until his death in 2013, winning numerous national awards for films like ''[[Unishe April]]'', ''[[Dahan (1997 film)|Dahan]]'' and ''[[Utsab]]''. Aparna Sen made her directorial debut in 1981 with the internationally lauded ''[[36 Chowringhee Lane]]'', which looked at the lives of Anglo-Indians living in Calcutta. Her later films have also been celebrated: ''[[Paromitar Ek Din]]'', ''[[The Japanese Wife]]'', ''[[Goynar Baksho]]''.

Buddhadeb Dasgupta is best known for award-winning films like ''[[Uttara (film)|Uttara]]'', ''[[Mondo Meyer Upakhyan]]'', ''[[Charachar]]'', and ''[[Janala]]''. [[Goutam Ghose]] is Internationally Acclaimed for Cult Classic films as [[Antarjali Jatra]], [[Padma Nadir Majhi]], [[Moner Manush]] and many more.
[[Prabhat Ray]] is popular for Romantic Family drama for [[Lathi (1996 film)|Lathi]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Noted Bengali film director Tarun Majumdar passes away in Kolkata |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/kolkata-news/noted-bengali-film-director-tarun-majumdar-passes-away-in-kolkata-101656918293271.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=4 July 2022 |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Biswas |first1=Premankur |date=4 August 2019 |title=The master of weepy blockbusters with melodramatic battles over fish |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/express-sunday-eye/kitchen-confidential-9-5869931/ |work=The Indian Express |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref> Actresses including [[Moon Moon Sen]], [[Konkona Sen Sharma]], [[Laboni Sarkar]], [[Satabdi Roy]], [[Rituparna Sengupta]], [[Chumki Chowdhury]], [[Rachna Banerjee]] and [[Srabanti Chatterjee]] were popular and active in this period. Actors such as [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]], [[Victor Banerjee]], [[Chiranjeet Chakraborty]], [[Ranjit Mallick]], [[Tapas Paul]] and [[Ferdous Ahmed]] are considered superstars in this era.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ghosh |first1=Ananya |date=4 May 2023 |title=Prosenjit Chatterjee: The Star And The Debutant |url=https://www.mansworldindia.com/lifestyle/entertainment/prosenjit-chatterjee-the-star-and-the-debutant |work=Man's World |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Jha |first1=Subhash K. |date=15 October 2023 |title=EXCLUSIVE! Happy Birthday Victor Banerjee, The Only Indian Actor Who Has Worked With Ray, Lean, Benegal, Ghai and RGV |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/bollywood/exclusive-happy-birthday-victor-banerjee-the-only-indian-actor-who-has-worked-with-ray-lean-benegal-ghai-and-rgv-article-104443058 |work=Times Now |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Actor-Politician Tapas Pal Dies Of Cardiac Arrest At 61 |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/actor-politician-tapas-pal-dies-of-cardiac-arrest-at-61-2181694 |work=NDTV |agency=PTI |date=18 February 2020 |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ramdev |first1=Raag Mathur |date=24 March 2022 |title=Bengali Actor Abhishek Chatterjee Dies At The Age Of 58 |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/abhishek-chatterjee-renowned-bengali-actor-dies-at-the-age-of-58-2840106 |work=NDTV |agency=PTI |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The Dev-Jeet jodi |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/the-dev-jeet-jodi/cid/472247 |work=The Telegraph |date=4 October 2010 |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Will Dev and Jeet share screen space in an upcoming film? |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/news/will-dev-and-jeet-share-screen-space-in-an-upcoming-film/articleshow/63011228.cms |work=The Times of India |date=21 February 2018 |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref>

=== Modern era: 2008– Present ===

Many work in the domestic film industry, while others have gone to work in Bollywood.<ref name="Look East policy"/> Successful films by directors from this generation include ''[[Tekka (film)|Tekka]]'', ''[[Cholai (film)|Cholai]]'', ''[[Asha Jaoar Majhe]]'', ''[[Alik Sukh]]''
''[[Jaatishwar]]'', ''[[Cockpit (2017 film)|Cockpit]]'', ''[[Cinemawala]]'', ''[[Aparajito (2022 film)|Aparajito]]'', ''[[Bhooter Bhabishyat]]'', ''[[Binodiini (film)|Binodiini]]'', ''[[Angshumaner Chhobi]]'', ''[[Bakita Byaktigato]]'', ''[[Pradhan (film)|Pradhan]]'', ''[[Baishe Srabon]]'', ''[[Fotema]]'', and ''[[Boomerang (2024 Bengali film)|Boomerang]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/kolkata-book-fair-concludes-graphic-books-the-new-rage-869896-2017-02-05 |title=Kolkata Book Fair concludes, graphic books the new rage |magazine=India Today |agency=PTI |date=5 February 2017 |access-date=25 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Halder |first1=Deep |title=Hinterland over South Kolkata drawing room—'Bohurupi' gives a hit formula to Bengali cinema |url=https://theprint.in/opinion/hinterland-over-south-kolkata-drawing-room-bohurupi-gives-hit-formula-to-bengali-cinema/2403595/ |access-date=16 December 2024 |work=[[ThePrint]] |date=15 December 2024}}</ref>

Detective films and family drama films have been the most popular and successful genre in this era. The success of detective films largely owes to the film adaptation of popular [[fictional character]]s like [[Kakababu]], [[Byomkesh]], [[Kiriti Roy]], [[Mitin Masi]], [[Ekenbabu]]
and [[Tenida]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chakravorty |first1=Vinayak |date=26 August 2023 |title=Byomkesh Bakshi down the years: Mahanayak Uttam Kumar to new-age superstar Dev |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/byomkesh-bakshi-down-the-years-mahanayak-uttam-kumar-to-new-age-superstar-dev-13041372.html |work=Firstpost |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Das |first1=Tina |date=17 June 2023 |title=Bengali cinema has an addiction problem—Now, Byomkesh, Feluda detective-verse about to expand |url=https://theprint.in/ground-reports/bengali-cinema-has-an-addiction-problem-now-byomkesh-feluda-detective-verse-about-to-expand/1629606/ |work=ThePrint |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref>

Successful Bengali films are getting Hindi remakes in Bollywood, Marathi remakes and Malayalam remakes (''[[Gang of Ghosts]]'', ''[[Salt Mango Tree]]'', ''[[Welcome Zindagi]]'', ''[[Ravanasura]]'', ''[[Jalebi (film)|Jalebi]]'', ''[[Begum Jaan (2017 film)|Begum Jaan]]'', ''[[Cirkus (film)]]'', ''[[Meri Awas Suno]]'', ''[[Shastry Viruddh Shastry]]'').<ref name="Look East policy">{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/7-days/look-east-policy/cid/1314831|title=Look East policy|website=www.telegraphindia.com|access-date=22 January 2020|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728145939/https://www.telegraphindia.com/7-days/look-east-policy/cid/1314831|url-status=live}}</ref> Also, Bengali films have in the recent times have turned the cinematic spotlight on Kolkata, introducing the city to a wider national and global audience (''[[Kahaani]]'', ''[[Piku]]'', ''[[Detective Byomkesh Bakshy!]]''). After the digital film era, Bengali directors who have found artistic and commercial success in contemporary Bengali films include: [[Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury]], [[Aniket Chattopadhyay]], [[Anjan Dutta]], [[Raj Chakraborty]], [[Mainak Bhowmick]], [[Srijit Mukherjee]], [[Nandita Roy]] and [[Shiboprosad Mukherjee]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sarkar |first1=Susanti |title=From classical to contemporary: Leading modern Bengali film directors |url=https://mediaindia.eu/cinema/from-classical-to-contemporary-leading-modern-bengali-film-directors/ |work=Media India Group |date=18 September 2021 |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref><ref name="TOI_Dec2019">{{cite news |title=Pritha Chakraborty to Srijit Mukherji: Here are the Best Bengali Film Directors of 2019 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/news/pritha-chakraborty-to-srijit-mukherji-here-are-the-best-bengali-film-directors-of-2019/photostory/73045311.cms |work=The Times of India |date=31 December 2019 |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref>

During this period, actors such as [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]], [[Mithun Chakraborty]], [[Sabyasachi Chakrabarty]], [[Jishu Sengupta]], [[Soham Chakraborty]], [[Parambrata Chatterjee]], [[Anjan Dutt]] rose to popularity.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Das |first1=Tina |date=29 July 2023 |title=Parambrata Chatterjee is a 'man written by a woman'. He is Bengali cinema's Irrfan Khan |url=https://theprint.in/ground-reports/parambrata-chatterjee-is-a-man-written-by-a-woman-he-is-bengali-cinemas-irrfan-khan/1691119/ |work=ThePrint |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Birthday boy Jisshu Sengupta's crackling chemistry with 3 Bengali actresses |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/birthday-boy-jisshu-senguptas-crackling-chemistry-with-3-bengali-actresses/cid/2007135 |work=The Telegraph |date=15 March 2024 |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Saswata Chatterjee |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/photo-features/actors-who-changed-the-face-of-21st-century-bengali-cinema/saswata-chatterjee/photostory/63715359.cms |work=The Times of India |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref> Later, [[Dev (Bengali actor)|Dev]], [[Jeet (actor)|Jeet]], [[Abir Chatterjee]], [[Ankush Hazra]], [[Anirban Bhattacharya]], [[Jeetu Kamal]], [[Riddhi Sen]] have gained popularity and have been active.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bose |first1=Priyanka |date=10 March 2022 |title=একমঞ্চে দেব-জিৎ! এই অভিনেত্রীর জন্যই মঞ্চ ভাগ করে নিলেন দুই টলি সুপারস্টার |url=https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/dev-and-jeet-on-one-stage-two-tollywood-superstars-shared-the-stage-for-this-actress-31646912011374.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220310143412/https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/dev-and-jeet-on-one-stage-two-tollywood-superstars-shared-the-stage-for-this-actress-31646912011374.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 March 2022 |work=Hindustan Times |language=bn |access-date=17 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Dev, Saswata, Prosenjit: 5 actors who changed Bengali cinema |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/dev-saswata-prosenjit-5-actors-changed-bengali-cinema-1502567857.html |work=The Statesman |date=19 January 2018 |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Acharya |first1=Anindita |date=8 October 2023 |title=Stakes are higher: Abir Chatterjee |url=https://www.millenniumpost.in/features/stakes-are-higher-abir-chatterjee-535908 |work=Millennium Post |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ghosh |first1=Sankhayan |date=6 January 2022 |title=All Eyes On Anirban Bhattacharya |url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/features/anirban-bhattacharya-interview-mandaar-bengali-series-hoichoi-all-eyes-on |work=Film Companion |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref> Among them [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]], [[Mithun Chakraborty]], [[Tapas Paul]], [[Dev (Bengali actor)|Dev]] and [[Jeet (actor)|Jeet]], [[Abir Chatterjee]] and [[Ankush Hazra]] have gained immense popularity and are considered as the superstars of 21st Century.<ref>{{cite news |title=Forty years of Prosenjit Chatterjee |url=https://scroll.in/reel/1047143/forty-years-of-prosenjit-chatterjee-the-superstar-on-his-15-best-roles}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Dev's 18 years in Tollywood টলিউডে ১৮টি বসন্ত পার, 'প্রাপ্তবয়স্ক' হলেন অভিনেতা, দর্শকের জন্য বিশেষ উপহার দেবের |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/entertainment/bengali-actor-dev-completed-18-years-in-tollywood-and-shares-his-gratitude-dgtl/cid/1492003 |work=ABP |date=28 January 2024 |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Bhanja |first1=Sandipta |date=14 June 2023 |title='সাথী'র বিজয় থেকে টলিউডের 'বস'! ইন্ডাস্ট্রিতে ২১ বছর কাটিয়ে আবেগঘন জিৎ |url=https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/entertainment/cinema/superstar-jeet-completed-21-years-in-tollywood-pens-beautiful-note-for-fans/ |work=Sangbad Pratidin |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref> Actresses such as [[Koel Mallick]], [[Srabanti Chatterjee]], [[Subhashree Ganguly]], [[Mimi Chakraborty]], [[Nusrat Jahan]], [[Payel Sarkar]], [[Rituparna Sengupta]], [[Puja Banerjee]], [[Sayantika Banerjee]], [[Priyanka Sarkar]], [[Sreelekha Mitra]], [[Raima Sen]], [[Konkona Sen Sharma]], [[Ananya Chatterjee]], [[Gargi Roychowdhury]], [[Aparajita Ghosh Das]], [[Rimjhim Mitra]] and later, [[Idhika Paul]], [[Ishaa Saha]], [[Subhashree Ganguly]], [[Susmita Chatterjee]], [[Koushani Mukherjee]], [[Mimi Chakraborty]], [[Madhumita Sarcar]], [[Nusrat Jahan]], [[Ritabhari Chakraborty]], [[Rittika Sen]], [[Sohini Sarkar]], [[Jaya Ahsan]], [[Sauraseni Maitra]], [[Angana Roy (Bengali actress)|Angana Roy]] and [[Tuhina Das]] have been active.<ref>{{cite news |title=Here are the 7 most beautiful Bengali actresses to date, check them out |url=https://newsable.asianetnews.com/entertainment/here-are-the-7-most-beautiful-bengali-actresses-to-date-check-them-out-msw-rujrmm |work=Asianet News |date=12 May 2023 |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Most popular Bengali actresses on social media |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/web-stories/most-popular-bengali-actresses-on-social-media/photostory/81965237.cms |work=The Times of India |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref>

In the recent years, a younger generation of visual directors has come to the scene, like [[Shiboprosad Mukherjee]], [[Srijit Mukherji]], [[Avijit Sen]], [[Sayantan Ghosal]], [[Kamaleshwar Mukherjee]] along with [[Kaushik Ganguly]], [[Subhrajit Mitra]], [[Suman Ghosh (director)|Suman Ghosh]], [[Sujit Mondal]], [[Tathagata Mukherjee]], [[Raj Chakraborty]], [[Raja Chanda]], [[Birsa Dasgupta]], [[Manasi Sinha]], [[Ranjan Ghosh]], [[Soukarya Ghosal]], [[Mainak Bhaumik]], [[Atiul Islam]], [[Anik Dutta]], [[Anjan Dutt]], [[Atanu Ghosh]]

Art house filmmakers like [[Indrasis Acharya]], [[Aditya Vikram Sengupta]], [[Anindya Chatterjee]], and [[Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury]].<ref name="TOI_Dec2019"/><ref>{{cite news |last1=Dasgupta |first1=Priyanka |date=2 February 2024 |title=With 21 trophies, Bengal directors all-out champs in National Awards since 1967 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/bengal-directors-dominate-national-awards-with-21-trophies/articleshow/107340048.cms |work=The Times of India |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref>
21st century Bengali Superstars are [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]], [[Dev (Bengali actor)|Dev]] and [[Jeet (actor)|Jeet]], [[Abir Chatterjee]], [[Mithun Chakraborty]], [[Jisshu Sengupta]]

==Budgets==
Many of the most critically acclaimed Bengali films were [[low-budget film]]s, including Mrinal Sen's famous ''[[Calcutta 71|Calcutta Trilogy]]'' (1971-1973), and Satyajit Ray's ''[[The Apu Trilogy]]'' (1955–1959). The first film in the trilogy, ''[[Pather Panchali (film)|Pather Panchali]]'' (1955), was produced on a shoestring budget<ref>{{Cite book|last1 = Robinson|given1 = A|year = 2003|title = Satyajit Ray: The Inner Eye: The Biography of a Master Film-Maker|publisher = I. B. Tauris|isbn = 1-86064-965-3|page=77}}</ref> of Rs. 150,000 ($32000)<ref>{{cite web|title=50 years of Pather Panchali|author=Pradip Biswas|work=[[Screen (magazine)|Screen Weekly]]|date=16 September 2005|url=http://www.screenindia.com/old/archive/archive_fullstory.php?content_id=11150|access-date=23 April 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602000402/http://www.screenindia.com/old/archive/archive_fullstory.php?content_id=11150|archive-date=2 June 2009}}</ref> using an amateur cast and crew.<ref>{{Cite book|last1 = Robinson|given1 = A|year = 2003|title = Satyajit Ray: The Inner Eye: The Biography of a Master Film-Maker|publisher = I. B. Tauris|isbn = 1-86064-965-3|pages=78–9}}</ref> All his other films that followed also had low budgets, with his most expensive films since the 60's being ''[[Saptapadi (1961 film)|Saptapadi]]'' by [[Ajoy Kar|Kar]], ''[[Jhinder Bondi]]'' (1961) by [[Tapan Sinha|Sinha]], ''[[Saat Pake Bandha]]'' by [[Ajoy Kar|Kar]],
''[[Goopy Gyne Bagha Byne|The Adventures of Goopy And Bagha]]'' (1968) at Rs. 600,000 ($80,000)<ref>{{cite web|title=THE UNIVERSITY CALLED SATYAJIT RAY|author=Mohammed Wajihuddin|publisher=Express India|date=7 September 2004|url=http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=98548|access-date=1 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041014033023/http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=98548|archive-date=14 October 2004|url-status=dead}}</ref> and ''[[Shatranj Ke Khilari]]'' (1977) at Rs. 6&nbsp;million ($230,000).<ref>{{cite web|title=Shatranj Ke Khilari (The Chess Players)|publisher=Satyajit Ray official site|url=http://www.satyajitray.org/films/shatran.htm|access-date=24 April 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181026200942/http://satyajitray.org/films/shatran.htm|archive-date=26 October 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>

''[[Bombaiyer Bombete (film)|Bombaiyer Bombete]]'', produced by [[Ramoji Film City|Ramoji Films]] at a cost of Rs 8 million, recovered its costs within three weeks and earned 20 million in all. The movie has brought back the concept of family entertainment with Sandip Ray's gambit of contemporising the plot paying him a rich dividend. Admitting that he did not expect this success, he told Life that he was now lining up another such film for release next year. Earlier, a film by award-winning director [[Buddhadeb Dasgupta]]'s Mondo Meyer Upakhyan (The Tale of a Fallen Girl) produced by Arjoe Entertainments netted nearly Rs 7&nbsp; million through the sale of overseas rights against a cost of Rs 0.6&nbsp; million. [[Haranath Chakraborty]] His film [[Sathi (2002 film)|Sathi]] (Companion) created a record by recouping over five times its production cost, although the film [[Chokher Bali (2003 film)|Chokher Bali]], with big names like [[Aishwarya Rai Bachchan]], Rituparno Ghosh and Tagore, failed to yield expected results. The movie, billed at Rs 16.5&nbsp;million (the highest among Bengali films).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/life/2004/04/05/stories/2004040500100200.htm |title=Business Line : Features / Life News |publisher=The Hindu Business Line |access-date=24 October 2012 |archive-date=19 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101219035944/http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/life/2004/04/05/stories/2004040500100200.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Cinema of the United States|Hollywood]] houses like [[Sony Pictures Motion Picture Group|Columbia TriStar]] have made their debut in distributing Bengali movies. According to industry experts, several issues need to be addressed to build on this resurgence and consolidate it. These include inadequate infrastructure, which often compels moviemakers to go outside the State for facilities pushing up costs, poor marketing and distribution, and increasing competition from [[Cinema of Bangladesh|Bangladeshi films]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2003/11/04/stories/2003110401500200.htm |title=Saregama to restrict film budget |publisher=The Hindu Business Line |date=4 November 2003 |access-date=24 October 2012 |archive-date=29 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120929094443/http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2003/11/04/stories/2003110401500200.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/storypage.php?autono=333086 |title=Bengal movie industry set for revival |publisher=Business-standard.com |date=1 September 2008 |access-date=24 October 2012 |archive-date=18 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120218223144/http://www.business-standard.com/india/storypage.php?autono=333086 }}</ref>

==Rankings==
A number of Satyajit Ray films appeared in the ''[[Sight & Sound]]'' Critics' Poll of [[Films considered the greatest ever|all-time greatest films]], including ''[[The Apu Trilogy]]'' (ranked No. 4 in 1992 if votes are combined),<ref name=Caldwell>{{cite web|author=Aaron and Mark Caldwell|title=Sight and Sound|publisher=Top 100 Movie Lists|year=2004|url=http://www.geocities.com/aaronbcaldwell/dimsscri.html|access-date=19 April 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090729180509/http://geocities.com/aaronbcaldwell/dimsscri.html|archive-date=29 July 2009}}</ref> ''[[Jalsaghar|The Music Room]]'' (ranked No. 27 in 1992), ''[[Charulata]]'' (ranked No. 41 in 1992)<ref name="SS-1992-ranking">{{cite web|title=SIGHT AND SOUND 1992 RANKING OF FILMS|url=http://www.geocities.com/the7thart/ranking.html|access-date=29 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091022115725/http://geocities.com/the7thart/ranking.html|archive-date=22 October 2009}}</ref> and ''[[Aranyer Din Ratri|Days and Nights in the Forest]]'' (ranked No. 81 in 1982).<ref name="SS-1982-ranking">{{cite web|title=SIGHT AND SOUND 1982 RANKING OF FILMS|url=http://www.geocities.com/the7thart/1982.html|access-date=29 May 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091022225459/http://geocities.com/the7thart/1982.html|archive-date=22 October 2009}}</ref> The 2002 ''Sight & Sound'' critics' and directors' poll also included the Ritwik Ghatak films ''[[Meghe Dhaka Tara (1960 film)|Meghe Dhaka Tara]]'' (ranked #231) and ''Komal Gandhar'' (ranked #346).<ref name=Cinemacom>{{cite web|title=2002 Sight & Sound Top Films Survey of 253 International Critics & Film Directors|publisher=Cinemacom|year=2002|url=http://www.cinemacom.com/2002-sight-sound.html|access-date=19 April 2009|archive-date=4 June 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120604162906/http://www.cinemacom.com/2002-sight-sound.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1998, the critics' poll conducted by the [[Asian cinema|Asian film]] magazine ''[[Cinemaya]]'' included ''The Apu Trilogy'' (ranked No. 1 if votes are combined), Ray's ''[[Charulata]]'' and ''[[Jalsaghar|The Music Room]]'' (both tied at #11), and Ghatak's ''[[Subarnarekha (film)|Subarnarekha]]'' (also tied at #11).<ref name=Totaro>{{Cite journal|title=The "Sight & Sound" of Canons|first=Donato|last=Totaro|journal=Offscreen Journal|publisher=[[Canada Council|Canada Council for the Arts]]|date=31 January 2003|url=https://offscreen.com/view/sight_sound?/new_offscreen/canon.html|access-date=19 April 2009|archive-date=5 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905112318/http://www.horschamp.qc.ca/new_offscreen/canon.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1999, ''[[The Village Voice]]'' top 250 "Best Film of the Century" critics' poll also included ''The Apu Trilogy'' (ranked No. 5 if votes are combined).<ref name=villagevoice/> In 2005, ''The Apu Trilogy'' was also included in [[Time's All-Time 100 Movies|''Time''{{'s}} All-Time 100 Movies]] list.<ref name=Time/> In 1992, the ''Sight & Sound'' Critics' Poll ranked Ray at No. 7 in its list of "Top 10 Directors" of all time,<ref>{{cite web|title=Sight and Sound Poll 1992: Critics |publisher=[[California Institute of Technology]] |url=http://alumnus.caltech.edu/~ejohnson/sight/1992_1.html |access-date=29 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016212355/http://alumnus.caltech.edu/~ejohnson/sight/1992_1.html |archive-date=16 October 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://geocities.com/the7thart/ranking.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091022115725/http://geocities.com/the7thart/ranking.html|title=Ranking 1982|archive-date=22 October 2009}}</ref> and ''[[Aranyer Din Ratri|Days and Nights in the Forest]]'' (ranked No. 81 in 1982).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4513373.stm|publisher=BBC News|title=Film Festival Guide|date=10 May 2005 |access-date=5 March 2014|archive-date=4 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304164540/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4513373.stm|url-status=live}}</ref>

===National Board of Review (USA)===
*National Board of Review Award for Best Foreign Language Film: [[Satyajit Ray]] (1958- [[Pather Panchali]] & 1960- [[The World of Apu]])<ref>[[National Board of Review Award for Best Foreign Language Film]]</ref>

===The Annual Academy Awards (Oscars)===
*Academy Honorary Award: [[Satyajit Ray]] (1992- "In recognition of his rare mastery of the art of motion pictures, and of his profound humanitarian outlook, which has had an indelible influence on filmmakers and audiences throughout the world.")<ref>[[Academy Honorary Award]]</ref>

==National Award==
{{Main|National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Bengali}}
The National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Bengali is one of the [[National Film Awards]] presented annually by the [[Directorate of Film Festivals]], the organisation set up by [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)|Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, India]]. It is one of several awards presented for feature films and awarded with Rajat Kamal (Silver Lotus).

The [[National Film Awards]], established in 1954, are the most prominent film awards in India that merit the best of the [[Indian cinema]]. The ceremony also presents awards for films in various [[Languages of India|regional languages]].

==Regional awards==
* [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards]] - The oldest Association of Film critics in India, founded in 1937, by the inspiration and determination of the handful of pioneers amongst the then thin section of scribes that were drawn to film journalism with a lofty mission to serve the developing film journalism and film industry.
* [[Filmfare Awards Bangla]] - Annual Awards presented by the [[Filmfare]] magazine of [[The Times Group]] to honour the cinematic excellence in Bengali Cinema
* [[Films and Frames Digital Film Awards]] - Annual Awards presented by the Films and Frames group to honour the cinematic excellence in Bengali Cinema
* [[Anandalok Awards]] - Ceremony is one of the most prominent film events given for Bengali cinema in India
* Bengali Film and Television Awards - Annual Awards presented by the Redwine Entertainment group to honour the cinematic excellence in Bengali Cinema and OTT
* [[Filmfare Awards East]] - Used to honour cinematic excellence in Bengali, Assamese and Odia film industry. Discontinued after 2014.

==Cinema-related organisations==
*[[Satyajit Ray Film and Television Institute]], Department of Film direction and Screenplay, Editing, Cinematography, Sound Recording and Design, [[Baghajatin]], South 24 Parganas, West Bengal.
*[[Jadavpur University]], Department of Film studies, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal.
*[[Institute of Mass Communication Film and Television Studies]], Tollygung, Kolkata, West Bengal.

==See also==
* [[List of Indian Bengali films|Lists of Bengali films]]
* [[List of highest-grossing Indian Bengali films|List of highest-grossing Bengali films]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Notes==
{{refbegin|40em}}
*Aamar Ami(Bengali)-[[Uttam Kumar Chattopadhyay]]—''Dey's Publishing'', Calcutta,1980
*Aamar Jug Aamar Gaan(Bengali)—[[Pankaj Kumar Mullick]]—Firma KLM Pvt Ltd., Calcutta 1980
*Chalacchitrer Antormahol by Chakraborty Piyali, Banerjee Santanu, Publisher=Suhrid Publication, 1st ed. (2013); ISBN No.: 978-81-92151-97-7
*Banala Bhashay Chalachchdra Charcha(Bengali)-Ehfi Tathya, aanji Opanhr r Bha charyr CharK Goswami, Tapas Paul—North Calcutta Film Society, Calcutta, 1995
*Bangla Chalachchdra Shilper llihas (1897–1947)(Bengali)—Kalish Mukhapadhyay—Poop I lancha Prahashi
*Bangla Chalachchdrer llihas (1st Part)(Bengali)-Pranab Kumar Biswas Samakal Prakashani, Calcul
*Bangla Sahhya O Bangla Chalachchitra (1st Part)(Bengali)-Jishh Kumar Mukhapadhyay—Ananda~ha
*Banglar Chalachchitrakar—Nisht Kumar Mukhopadhyay—Slanda Pu ishrs, Calcr
*Banglar Nat-Nati—Sudhir Basu—Calcutta, 1933
* Cniirabani Chitr barshihi ^119520ed. 60ur Chattopadhyay & Sunil Gar~adhya~Ch^ar$b
*Cinema anr I—Ri ih Kumar Ghatah— h
*''Rhrw Memorial Trust'', Calcu^na, 1987
*Filrnography of Sixty En inentlndian Movie Makers—Ft I Ra M
*Nirbah Juger Chhayaloher Katha—Premanhur at rth —~ kudta
*Sonar Daag—60uranga Prasad Ghosh~oc^frnaya Prakashani, Calculla, 1982
*[[Bengali Film Directory]]– ed. by Ansu Sur, Nandan, Calcutta, 1999
*''70 years of Indian Cinema'', ed. by T.N. Ramachandran, Cinemaa India International, Bombay, 1985
*''A Pictorial History of Indian Cinema'', Firoj Rangogoonwalla, The Hamlyn Publishing Group, London, 1979
*''Cinematography to Videography: Aesthetics and Technology'' by Chakraborty Piyali, Banerjee Santanu, Published by Kalyani Foundation, 1st ed. (2013); ISBN No.: 978-81-927505-3-8
*''Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema'' – Ashish Rajadhyaksha, Paul Willemen, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 1994
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{Cinema of West Bengal}}
{{Cinema of India}}
{{World cinema}}
{{West Bengal}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cinema of West Bengal}}
[[Category:Cinema of West Bengal| ]]
[[Category:Culture of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Cinema of Bengal]]
[[Category:Indian film industries]]

Bhiwandi Assembly constituency

2026-02-08T06:04:58Z

Heymfaizanali: Creating Entry

{{Short description|Constituency of the Maharashtra legislative assembly in India}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Bhiwandi
| type= SLA
| state = Maharashtra
| established = 1955
| abolished = 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/showfile?actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510&type=order&filename=Delimitation%20Order,2008.pdf |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008 |date=26 November 2008 |access-date= 24 June 2021}}</ref>
| electors = 4,81,177
| mla = Yogesh Ramesh Patil
| party = {{Party index link|Shiv Sena}}
| constituency_no =
| latest_election_year = [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2004]]
| district =
| loksabha_cons =
| reservation = ST
}}
Bhiwandi Assembly constituency was an assembly constituency in the [[India]] [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Maharashtra]].
== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
| [[1957 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election|1957]] || Patil Bhalchandra Shivaram Ambekar Yashwant Gunaji (St) || {{Full party name with color|Peasants and Workers Party of India}}
|-
| [[1962 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1962]] || Bango Nana Bhoir || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1967 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1967]] || Bhai Patil || {{Full party name with color|Peasants and Workers Party of India}}
|-
| [[1972 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1972]] || Haris Ridwan Burhan Saheb || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1978 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1978]] || Taware Parsharam Dhondu || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}
|-
| [[1980 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1980]] || Momin Vaqar Ahmed Ghulam Mohmed || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress (I)}}
|-
| [[1985 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1985]] || rowspan=2 | Taware Parsharam Dhondu || {{Full party name with color|Janata Party}}
|-
| [[1990 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1990]] || {{Full party name with color|Janata Dal}}
|-
| [[1995 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1995]] || Khan Mohammed Ali || {{Full party name with color|Samajwadi Party}}
|-
| [[1999 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1999]] || Abdul Rasheed Tahir Momin || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2004]] || Yogesh Ramesh Patil || {{Full party name with color|Shiv Sena}}
|}

== Election results ==
===Assembly Election 2004===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhiwandi}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Yogesh Ramesh Patil |party=Shiv Sena |votes=1,18,561 |percentage=45.19% |change={{increase}}19.70 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Abu Asim Azmi |party=Samajwadi Party |votes=78,467 |percentage=29.91% |change={{increase}}18.89 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ansari Shujauddin Nizam |party=Indian National Congress |votes=27,290 |percentage=10.40% |change={{decrease}}28.27 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Abdul Rasheed Tahir Momin |party=Independent politician |votes=24,424 |percentage=9.31% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Mohammad Khalid (Guddu) |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=3,642 |percentage=1.39% |change={{decrease}}0.12 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Sanjay Patil |party=Independent politician |votes=3,520 |percentage=1.34% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=40,094 |percentage=15.28% |change= {{increase}}2.11 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=2,62,338 |percentage=54.51% |change= {{increase}}15.49 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 4,81,177 |ref = |change= {{increase}}9.61 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Shiv Sena |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}6.53 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1999===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1999 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhiwandi<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1999 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-MH99.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117044316/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1999/StatisticalReport-MH99.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Abdul Rasheed Tahir Momin |party=Indian National Congress |votes=66,257 |percentage=38.67% |change={{increase}}26.14 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Naik Madan (Buwa) Krushna |party=Shiv Sena |votes=43,680 |percentage=25.49% |change={{decrease}}4.37 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Khan Mohammed Ali |party=Samajwadi Party |votes=18,878 |percentage=11.02% |change={{decrease}}25.14 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Taware Kamlakar Kashinath |party=Independent politician |votes=16,652 |percentage=9.72% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Shetty Santosh Manjayya |party=Independent politician |votes=6,348 |percentage=3.70% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Kamble Vijay Namdeo |party=Communist Party of India |votes=2,626 |percentage=1.53% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ansari Mohiuddin Bangali |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=2,589 |percentage=1.51% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=22,577 |percentage=13.18% |change= {{increase}}6.88 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=1,71,348 |percentage=36.83% |change= {{decrease}}15.19 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 4,38,978 |ref = |change= {{increase}}7.00 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Samajwadi Party |swing= {{increase}}2.51 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1995===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1995 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhiwandi<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1995 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1995/StatisticalReport-MH95.pdf|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117121534/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1995/StatisticalReport-MH95.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Khan Mohammed Ali |party=Samajwadi Party |votes=80,444 |percentage=36.16% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Naik Madan Krishna |party=Shiv Sena |votes=66,434 |percentage=29.86% |change={{increase}}5.09 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Taware Parsharam Dhondu |party=Janata Dal |votes=32,667 |percentage=14.68% |change={{decrease}}23.82 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Taware Gurunath Janardan |party=Indian National Congress |votes=27,877 |percentage=12.53% |change={{decrease}}3.96 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Bhoi Anant Govidrao |party=Independent politician |votes=2,473 |percentage=1.11% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ansari Mukhtar Ahamad Abdul Sattar |party=Independent politician |votes=2,074 |percentage=0.93% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Khan Mukhtar Ahamad Mahamadali |party=Independent politician |votes=1,369 |percentage=0.62% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=14,010 |percentage=6.30% |change= {{decrease}}7.44 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=2,22,467 |percentage=52.98% |change= {{increase}}2.48 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 4,10,269 |ref = |change= {{increase}}34.40 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Samajwadi Party |loser=Janata Dal |swing= {{decrease}}2.34 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1990===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1990 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhiwandi<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1990 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1990/StatRep_MT_90.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117080722/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1990/StatRep_MT_90.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Taware Parsharam Dhondu |party=Janata Dal |votes=60,818 |percentage=38.50% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Raghunath (Appa) Padyal |party=Shiv Sena |votes=39,123 |percentage=24.77% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Aajami Abdul Salam M. Rafi |party=Indian National Congress |votes=26,046 |percentage=16.49% |change={{decrease}}6.52 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Bubere Ridwan Anwar Rafiuddin |party=Independent politician |votes=14,241 |percentage=9.02% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ansari Amjadraja Nurul Hasan |party=Independent politician |votes=7,011 |percentage=4.44% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Malsahe Vilas Vishnu |party=Independent politician |votes=2,409 |percentage=1.53% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ansari Gulamnabi Jalil Ahamad |party=All-India Muslim League |votes=2,086 |percentage=1.32% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=21,695 |percentage=13.73% |change= {{decrease}}5.73 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=1,57,960 |percentage=50.77% |change= {{decrease}}4.16 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 3,05,259 |ref = |change= {{increase}}59.04 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Janata Dal |loser=Janata Party |swing= {{decrease}}3.98 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1985===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1985 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhiwandi<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1985 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201985.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117075119/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1985/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201985.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Taware Parsharam Dhondu |party=Janata Party |votes=45,579 |percentage=42.48% |change={{decrease}}0.53 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=R. C. Patil |party=Indian National Congress |votes=24,690 |percentage=23.01% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Amajad Raza Nurool Hasan Ansari |party=Independent politician |votes=23,431 |percentage=21.84% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ayyub Solapurkar |party=Independent politician |votes=5,503 |percentage=5.13% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Kondalekar Krishnakant Kashinath |party=Independent politician |votes=3,808 |percentage=3.55% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=20,889 |percentage=19.47% |change= {{increase}}14.34 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=1,07,299 |percentage=54.68% |change= {{increase}}6.23 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 1,91,938 |ref = |change= {{increase}}24.79 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Janata Party |loser=Indian National Congress (I) |swing= {{decrease}}5.66 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1980===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1980 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhiwandi<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1980 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/Statistical%20Report%201980%20Maharashtra.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120117083555/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/Statistical%20Report%201980%20Maharashtra.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Momin Vaqar Ahmed Ghulam Mohmed |party=Indian National Congress (I) |votes=36,782 |percentage=48.14% |change={{increase}}21.75 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Taware Parsharam Dhondu |party=Janata Party |votes=32,865 |percentage=43.01% |change={{increase}}26.32 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Taware Shantaram Maruti |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=4,912 |percentage=6.43% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=3,917 |percentage=5.13% |change= {{increase}}2.04 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=76,407 |percentage=48.48% |change= {{decrease}}7.65 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 1,53,808 |ref = |change= {{increase}}25.10 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress (I) |loser=Independent politician |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1978===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1978 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhiwandi<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1978 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%201978%20Maharashtra.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170629182050/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/Statistical%20Report%201978%20Maharashtra.pdf|archive-date=29 June 2017|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Taware Parsharam Dhondu |party=Independent politician |votes=20,774 |percentage=29.47% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Hegde Prabhakar Madhavrao |party=Indian National Congress (I) |votes=18,600 |percentage=26.39% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Harris Ridwan Burhan |party=Indian National Congress |votes=11,847 |percentage=16.81% |change={{decrease}}29.71 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Kazi Shoukat Ali Mohomed |party=Janata Party |votes=11,769 |percentage=16.70% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Krishna Kant Kashinath Kondlekar |party=Shiv Sena |votes=3,243 |percentage=4.60% |change={{decrease}}0.81 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Bhai Patil |party=Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes=1,898 |percentage=2.69% |change={{decrease}}12.68 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Jangi Sundra Ram |party=Independent politician |votes=498 |percentage=0.71% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=2,174 |percentage=3.08% |change= {{decrease}}22.01 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=70,484 |percentage=55.94% |change= {{decrease}}5.11 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 1,22,952 |ref = |change= {{increase}}2.08 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Independent politician |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}17.05 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1972===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1972 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhiwandi<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_MT_72.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519183024/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_MT_72.pdf|archive-date=19 May 2017|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Haris Ridwan Burhan Saheb |party=Indian National Congress |votes=34,983 |percentage=46.52% |change={{increase}}14.33 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Bhagwan P. Vyas |party=Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes=16,115 |percentage=21.43% |change={{increase}}16.96 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Bhalchandra Shivram Patil |party=Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes=11,558 |percentage=15.37% |change={{decrease}}31.59 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Momim Abdul J. Sattar |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=5,549 |percentage=7.38% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Tamhane Dilip Yashwant |party=Shiv Sena |votes=4,068 |percentage=5.41% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Raghunath Laxman Jadhav |party=Independent politician |votes=1,014 |percentage=1.35% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=18,868 |percentage=25.09% |change= {{increase}}10.32 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=75,202 |percentage=60.84% |change= {{decrease}}2.11 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 1,20,450 |ref = |change= {{increase}}27.05 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Peasants and Workers Party of India |swing= {{decrease}}0.44 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1967===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1967 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhiwandi<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=https://www.eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201967.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926233227/https://www.eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Maharashtra%201967.pdf|archive-date=26 September 2018|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Bhai Patil |party=Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes=28,735 |percentage=46.96% |change={{increase}}6.40 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=N. B. Patil |party=Indian National Congress |votes=19,698 |percentage=32.19% |change={{decrease}}9.59 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Taware Parsharam Dhondu |party=Praja Socialist Party |votes=5,971 |percentage=9.76% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=D. P. Gaikwad |party=Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes=2,736 |percentage=3.64% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=A. K. Gaikwad |party=Independent politician |votes=1,141 |percentage=1.52% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=9,037 |percentage=14.77% |change= {{increase}}13.54 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=61,194 |percentage=61.48% |change= {{increase}}9.87 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 94,803 |ref = |change= {{increase}}4.01 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Peasants and Workers Party of India |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}5.17 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1962===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1962 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhiwandi<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1962 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Maharastra_1962.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117085627/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Maharastra_1962.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Bango Nana Bhoir |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 20,824 |percentage = 45.84% |change={{increase}}24.36 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Bhalchandra Shivram Patil |party=Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes = 20,212 |percentage = 44.49% |change={{increase}}18.51 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Yashwant Lahu Thorat |party=Independent politician |votes = 2,566 |percentage = 5.65% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Gopal Dhau Gaikawad |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,238 |percentage = 2.73% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Shantaram Dundya Patil |party=Independent politician |votes = 589 |percentage = 1.30% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 612 |percentage = 1.35% |change= {{decrease}}3.16 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 49,839 |percentage = 54.68% |change= {{decrease}}47.90 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 45,429}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 91,148|ref = |change= {{decrease}}27.07 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Peasants and Workers Party of India |swing= {{increase}}19.85 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1957===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1957 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election]] : Bhiwandi<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 to the Legislative Assembly of Bombay |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Bombay_1957.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114093455/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Bombay_1957.pdf|archive-date=14 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Patil Bhalchandra Shivaram |party=Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes = 31,742 |percentage = 25.98% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Fakih Mustafa Gulamnabi |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 26,237 |percentage = 21.48% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Ambekar Yashwant Gunaji (St) |party=Peasants and Workers Party of India |votes = 26,118 |percentage = 21.38% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Wagh Yashwant Govind (St) |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 22,634 |percentage = 18.53%|change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Bhere Krishna Ganapat |party=Independent politician |votes = 15,425 |percentage = 12.63% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 5,505 |percentage = 4.51% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 122,156 |percentage = 97.74% |change= }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 122,156}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 124,980|ref = |change= }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Peasants and Workers Party of India |loser = Indian National Congress |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Maharashtra}}

{{coord missing|Maharashtra}}

[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Long stubs with short prose]]
{{Maharashtra-geo-stub}}

Girindramohini Dasi

2026-02-07T19:26:27Z

Heymfaizanali: New

{{Short description|Indian poet}}
{{Expand Bengali|গিরীন্দ্রমোহিনী দাসী|date=January 2022}}
{{Infobox person
|birth_date ={{birth date|1858|08|18|df=y}}
|birth_place =[[Bhawanipore]], [[Calcutta]], [[British India]]
|death_date ={{death date and age|1924|08|16|1858|08|18|df=y}}
|death_place =[[Calcutta]], [[British India]]
|occupation=Poet
|notable_works =
}}

'''Girindramohini Dasi''' (1858 - 1924) was an Indian poet of [[Bengalis|Bengali]] origin, best known for her poetry collections ''Abhas'' (1890), ''Flame'' (1898), and ''Arghya'' (1902); and dramas ''Sannyasini and Mirabai'' (1892), and ''Sindhugatha'' (1906).<ref>{{cite book |title=West Bengal - District South 24 Parganas Number |publisher=Information and Culture Department Government of West Bengal |page=264}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Sen |first1=Sukumar |title=Talk of Bengali Literature |edition=7}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dasi, Girindramohini}}
[[Category:1858 births]]
[[Category:1924 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian writers]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian women writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women writers]]
[[Category:Poets from British India]]
[[Category:People from the Bengal Presidency]]
[[Category:Bengali poets]]
[[Category:Women writers from West Bengal]]

{{India-poet-stub}}

Bikramjeet Kanwarpal

2026-02-06T06:05:40Z

Heymfaizanali: improve layout also and improved wording

{{short description|Indian film and television actor (1968–2021)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{Infobox person
| image = Kanwarpal Bikramjit.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Bikramjeet Kanwarpal in 2013
| name = Bikramjeet Kanwarpal
| honorific_prefix = [[Major (rank)|Major]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date |1968|08|29|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Solan]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], India
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2021|5|1|1968|8|29}}
| death_place = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| other_names = Bizz Kanwarpal
| occupation = [[Actor]] Former [[army officer]]<ref name=bik/>
| known_for = ''[[24 (Indian TV series)|24]]''
| father = Lt Col Dwarka Nath Kanwarpal
| module = {{Infobox military person|embed=yes
| allegiance = {{Flag|India}}
| branch = {{Army|India}}
| serviceyears = 1989–2002
| rank = [[File:Major_of_the_Indian_Army.svg |25 px]] [[Major (rank)|Major]]
}}
| years active = 2003–2021
}}

[[Major (rank)|Major]] '''Bikramjeet Kanwarpal''' (29 August 1968 {{ndash}} 1 May 2021) was an Indian film and television actor. A retired army officer, Kanwarpal had played supporting roles in many films and television serials.<ref>{{cite news|author1=Stuti Agarwal|title=Malikaa's cast revealed|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Malikaas-cast-revealed/movie-review/20908883.cms|accessdate=8 January 2015|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=4 July 2013}}</ref> Kanwarpal shared screen space with actor [[Anil Kapoor]] in ''[[24 (Indian TV series)|24]]''.<ref name=bik>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tv/news/Major-Bikramjeet-Kanwarpal-in-Anil-Kapoors-24/articleshow/20953457.cms Major Bikramjeet Kanwarpal in Anil Kapoor's 24]. [[Times of India]]. Stuti Agrawal. 7 July 2013.</ref><ref>{{cite news|author1=R.M. Vijayakar|title='Creature 3D' Movie Review: Elements of Novelty but Routine Overall|url=http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/bollywood/movie_reviews/creature-d-movie-review-elements-of-novelty-but-routine-overall/article_00f295aa-3cb4-11e4-9a85-2fd26d646262.html|accessdate=8 January 2015|work=India-West|date=15 September 2014|archive-date=24 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160324193439/http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/bollywood/movie_reviews/creature-d-movie-review-elements-of-novelty-but-routine-overall/article_00f295aa-3cb4-11e4-9a85-2fd26d646262.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Early life and career==
Kanwarpal was born in [[Solan]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], India. He was the son of an [[Indian Army]] officer, [[Lieutenant colonel|Lt Col]] Dwarka Nath Kanwarpal, who was awarded the [[Kirti Chakra]] in 1963. In 1986, Bikramjeet Kanwarpal completed his [[Higher Secondary Examination]] from [[The Lawrence School, Sanawar]], and in 1989, he was commissioned into the Indian Army. He retired from the army in 2002 as a [[Major (rank)|Major]]. In 2003, he debuted in [[Bollywood]] to fulfill his childhood dream of being an actor and had acted since then in many films.<ref>{{cite news|title=क्रीचर 3डीः क्या ये फोरेस्ट गार्ड देगा बिपाशा का साथ? |url=http://www.shimla.amarujala.com/feature/city-news-sml/vikramjeet-of-himachal-will-be-in-film-creature-3d-hindi-news/page-3/ |accessdate=8 January 2015 |work=[[Amar Ujala]] |date=12 September 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304041157/http://shimla.amarujala.com/feature/city-news-sml/vikramjeet-of-himachal-will-be-in-film-creature-3d-hindi-news/page-3/ |archivedate=4 March 2016 }}</ref> He was last seen in Hindi Film [[Shinaakht]] directed by Pragyesh Singh.

==Filmography==
===Films===
====Hindi films====
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* ''[[Page 3 (film)|Page 3]]''
* ''[[Paap]]'' as Ratan Singh
* ''[[Karam (film)|Karam]]'' as Sub Inspector Naik
* ''[[Corporate (2006 film)|Corporate]]'' as Sr V P - Sehgal Group
* ''[[Don (2006 Hindi film)|Don]]'' as Dr Ashok Khilwani
* ''[[Kya Love Story Hai]]'' as Mr Mehta
* ''[[Khushboo (2008 film)|Khushboo: The Fragraance of Love]]''
* ''[[Hijack (2008 film)|Hijack]]'' as Amrinder Singh
* ''[[Thanks Maa]]'' as Zaveri
* ''[[Rocket Singh: Salesman of the Year]]'' as Inamdar
* ''[[Atithi Tum Kab Jaoge?]]'' as Munmun's Boss
* ''[[Knock Out (2010 film)|Knockout]]'' as Nidhi's Boss
* ''[[Turning 30|Turning 30!!!]]'' as Rathore
* ''[[Aarakshan]]''
* ''[[My Friend Pinto]]'' as Ronnie
* ''[[Murder 2]]'' as Commissioner Ahmed Khan
* ''[[Bumboo]]'' as Inspector
* ''[[Joker (2012 film)|Joker]]''
* ''[[Jab Tak Hai Jaan]]'' as Samar Anand's Senior Army Officer
* ''[[Shaurya]]'' as Col.Inyat Khan
* ''[[1971 (2007 film)|1971]]'' as Col. Shakoor
* ''[[Dangerous Ishhq]]''
* ''[[Kya Super Kool Hain Hum]]'' as Priest
* ''[[Chance Pe Dance]]'' as Bhutiya, Football Coach
* ''[[Mallika (2010 film)|Mallika]]''
* ''[[Thoofan|Zanjeer]]'' as Kataria
* ''[[Heyy Babyy]]'' as Advocate Mishra
* ''[[Heroine (2012 film)|Heroine]]''<ref>[http://www.a2znewschannel.com/entertainment/film-reviews/28997-2012-09-22-09-29-40 अभिनेत्री की असल जिंदगी को दर्शाती है फिल्म 'हीरोईन' (Hindi)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150119134513/http://www.a2znewschannel.com/entertainment/film-reviews/28997-2012-09-22-09-29-40 |date=19 January 2015 }}. A2Z News. Ramkishore Parcha. 22 September 2012</ref>
* ''[[Shortcut Romeo]]'' as Suraj's Uncle
* ''[[Grand Masti]]''
* ''[[Horror Story (film)|Horror Story]]''
* ''[[Riwayat]]''
* ''[[Hate Story 2]]'' as Photography professor<ref name=bik/>
* ''[[Creature 3D]]'' as Inspector Chaubey
*''[[2 States (2014 film)|2 States]]'' as Rajji Mama
* ''[[Rahasya]]'' as Hansal Chabria
* ''[[Prem Ratan Dhan Payo]]'' as Estate agent
* ''[[Mr. X (2015 film)|Mr. X]]'' as Devraj Verma
* ''[[Bhaag Johnny]]'' as Third Eye Detective
* ''[[Ferrous (film)|Ferrous]]'' as Inspector Jagdeesh Sinchwal
* ''[[The Ghazi Attack]]'' as Pakistan navy staff officer
* ''[[Indu Sarkar]]'' as Kela Chand
* ''[[Saaho]]'' as Jayender Singh
* ''[[Drive (2019 film)|Drive]]'' as Rathore
* ''[[Bypass Road (film)|Bypass Road]]'' as Dr Kamlesh
* ''[[The Power (2021 Indian film)|The Power]]'' as Chedda
* ''[[Shinaakht]]'' as Syed Qadri (short film)
{{div col end|2}}

==== Other language films ====
* ''[[Anjaan (2014 film)|Anjaan]]'' ([[Tamil cinema|Tamil]])
* ''[[Saaho]]'' ([[Telugu language|Telugu]]) as Jayender Singh
* ''[[Madha (film)|Madha]]'' (2020) (Telugu) as Balasubramaniam
*''[[Doctor (2021 film)|Doctor]]'' (2021) (Tamil) as Terry's father

===Television shows===
{{Colbegin}}
* ''[[24 (Indian TV series)|24]]''
* ''[[Kismat (TV Series)|Kismat]]'' as Nawab Mubarak Khan
* ''Namak Haraam''
* ''[[Simply Sapney]]''
* ''[[Mere Rang Mein Rangne Waali]]''
* ''[[Crime Patrol (TV series)|Crime Patrol-Dastak]]''
* ''[[Adaalat (TV series)|Adaalat]]'' as Public Prosecutor Randhawa
* ''[[Arjun (TV series)|Har Yug Mein Aayega Ek Arjun]]'' as D.I.G Dustin Coelho
* ''[[Neeli Chhatri Waale]]''
* ''[[Diya Aur Baati Hum]]''
* ''[[Reporters (Indian TV Series)|Reporters]]'' as Khalid
* ''[[Siyasat]]''
* ''Halla Bol (Bindass)'' as the Baba Ji in episode 11
* ''[[Kasam Tere Pyaar Ki]]'' as Balraaj Kapoor
* ''[[Yeh Hai Chahatein]]'' as Niketan Singhania
* ''[[Dil Hi Toh Hai]]'' as a surgeon
* ''[[Tenali Rama (TV series)]]'' as King Dhananjay Mudriya
* ''[[Avrodh: The Siege Within]]'' as Colonel Ajay Saxena (web series)
* ''[[Special OPS]]'' as G.P. Mathur (web series)
* ''[[Shrikant Bashir]]'' as First SOT Chief (web series)
* ''[[Dev DD#Season 2|Dev DD 2]]''
{{Colend}}

=== Web series ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Title
!Role
!Platform
|-
|2019
| ''[[The Verdict - State vs Nanavati]]''
| Major Kohli
|[[ALTBalaji]] and [[List of ZEE5 original web series|ZEE5]]
|-
|rowspan="2"|2020
|''[[Your Honor (web series)|Your Honor (Season 1)]]''
| Judge Punchh
|[[SonyLIV]]
|-
|''[[Undekhi]]''
|Forest Officer
|SonyLIV
|-
|2022
|''[[Bhaukaal | Bhaukaal (Season-2)]]''
|MLA Aslam Rana
|[[MX Player]]
|-
|}

==Death==
Bikramjeet Kanwarpal died from [[COVID-19]] on 1 May 2021, at the age of 52.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/actor-bikramjeet-kanwarpal-dies-of-covid-19-complications-7297628/lite/ |title= Actor Bikramjeet Kanwarpal passes away due to Covid-19 complications |date=1 May 2021|website=The Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/bikramjeet-kanwarpal-dies-of-covid-19-complications-at-52-1796894-2021-05-01|title=Bikramjeet Kanwarpal dies of Covid-19 complications at 52|first=Grace| last=Cyril |access-date=1 May 2021|date=1 May 2021 |website=India Today}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{iMDb name|id=1796211|name=Bikramjeet Kanwarpal}}
* [https://stuffunknown.com/bikramjit-kanwarpal-died-of-corona-retired-from-army-and-started-acting/ Actor Bikramjit Kanwarpal Passes away due to Corona at age of 52]{{Dead link|date=December 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kanwarpal, Bikramjeet}}
[[Category:1968 births]]
[[Category:2021 deaths]]
[[Category:Male actors from Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian Army officers]]
[[Category:Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in India]]
[[Category:People from Solan]]

Army Service Corps (India)

2026-02-05T15:52:11Z

Heymfaizanali: starting the bio and citations

{{Short description|Logistics support arm of the Indian Army}}
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name = Army Service Corps
| image = File:Army Service Corps (India).png
| image_size = 190px
| caption = Crest of Army Service Corps
| dates = 8 December 1760{{endash}}Present
| country = {{UK}} {{IND}}
| allegiance = {{flag|British India}} (1760–1947) {{flag|India}} (1947–Present)
| branch = {{army|British India}} {{army|India}}
| type =
| role = [[Military logistics|Military Logistics]]
| command_structure =
| garrison = Bengaluru, [[Karnataka]]
| garrison_label = Regimental Centre
| patron =
| motto = ''Seva Asmākam Dharma'' ({{translation|Service is our creed}})
| march =
| mascot =
| equipment =
| equipment_label =
| anniversaries = December 8 (Corps Raising Day)
| battles = [[First World War]] [[Second World War]] [[Second Sino-Japanese War]] [[Sino-Indian War|Sino-Indian War of 1962]] [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947]] [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965]] [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]] [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1999]]
| decorations = ''[[#Decorations|See below]]''
| battle_honours =
| commander1_label = Director General Supplies and Transport
| commander1 = [[Lieutenant general (India)|Lieutenant General]] Mukesh Chadha, {{post nominals|country=IND|size=80%|AVSM|SM|VSM}}
| commander2_label = Colonel Commandants
| commander2 = {{plainlist|
* [[Lieutenant general (India)|Lt Gen]] Mukesh Chadha, {{post nominals|country=IND|size=80%|AVSM|SM|VSM}} {{small|DGST & Senior Colonel Commandant}}
* [[Lieutenant general (India)|Lt Gen]] Ajay Ramdev, {{post nominals|country=IND|size=80%|SM}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |url=https://egazette.gov.in/WriteReadData/2025/268912.pdf |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=egazette.gov.in |publisher=The Gazette of India |page=175}}</ref>
* [[Lieutenant general (India)|Lt Gen]] Harsh Chhiber, {{post nominals|country=IND|size=80%|AVSM|VSM}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch) |url=https://egazette.gov.in/WriteReadData/2025/268912.pdf |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=egazette.gov.in |publisher=The Gazette of India |page=176}}</ref>
}}
| identification_symbol_label = Regimental Colors
| identification_symbol = {{Color box|#000080}} Navy Blue {{Color box|#FFFF00}} Yellow {{Color box|#FFFFFF}} White
| identification_symbol_2_label = Regimental Flag
| identification_symbol_2 = [[File:Regimental Flag of ASC, Indian Army.png|130px]]
}}

The '''Army Service Corps''' ('''ASC''') is an [[Corps|administrative corps]] and an arm of the [[Indian Army]] which handles its [[Military logistics|logistic support]]. It is the oldest and the largest administrative service in the Indian Army. While the history of supply and transport services is as old as the history of organized warfare itself it was in 1760 that the very rudimentary supply and transport organizations of the three presidencies of the [[East India Company]] were brought under the council of a single authority.<ref>[https://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=5HhSr/AG1H5RTyk5kRhwBw==&ParentID=yaIizpWdub5E+Z6omrga3Q== Army Service Corps]</ref>

==History==
[[File:Indian Mule Corps in Alexandria about to embark for Gallipoli, c. 1915.jpg|thumb|left|Indian Mule Corps in [[Alexandria]] about to embark for [[Gallipoli]], c. 1915]]
[[File:Stamp of India - 1992 - Colnect 164330 - Army Service Corps - 1760 - 1992 - Commemoration.jpeg|left|thumb|1992 postal stamp]]

=== Pre Independence ===
The origin of the corps go back to 1760 when a [[Commissariat]] used to exist in the administrative component of the armies three Presidencies of [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal]], [[Madras Presidency|Madras]] and [[Bombay Presidency|Bombay]]. In 1878 the separate Commissariats were amalgamated into a single entity and then in 1901 it was renamed the '''Supply and Transport Corps'''. During the [[First World War]] the corps became a permanent component of the [[British Indian Army]] and was renamed the '''Indian Army Service Corps''' in 1923. In 1935 the corps was granted the 'Royal' prefix and became known as '''Royal Indian Army Service Corps''' ('''RIASC'''). During the 2nd World War, the Corps once again demonstrated its tremendous capacity to persevere, adapt and evolve in the face of adversity. Its numbers swelled exponentially in Mechanical Transport, Animal Transport and Supply Units. The kind of expansion the Corps went through during the years of war, can be assessed from the fact that when the war ended, one sixth of the Indian Army was wearing Royal Indian Army Service Corps’ shoulder titles.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=259TH ARMY SERVICE CORPS DAY |url=https://www.facebook.com/EasternCommand.IndianArmy/posts/259th-army-service-corps-day-the-army-service-corps-is-the-oldest-and-the-larges/2427854660811946 |access-date=30 Oct 2025 |website=facebook.com}}</ref> Some units served in France during the [[Second World War]] and were [[Dunkirk evacuation|evacuated at Dunkirk]].<ref>{{Cite news | last = Bajwa | first = Mandeep Singh| title = Force K6: Indian troops in France | date = 19 May 2013 | work = Hindustan Times | url = http://www.hindustantimes.com/chandigarh/force-k6-indian-troops-in-france/story-Sqq8GVn7QELe6YFORD4tiL.html | access-date = 18 August 2017}}</ref>[[File:Passing out parade Army Service Corps Centre, Bengaluru.jpg|thumb|left|Passing out parade, Army Service Corps Centre, Bengaluru]]

=== Post Independence ===
After India gained independence in 1947, the corps underwent further expansion and by 1948 Indian Catering Corps and Indian Army Corps of Clerks were amalgamated into the corps. The Food Testing Laboratories were also placed under the control of RIASC. On 26 January 1950, after India became a republic, the corps dropped the use of the 'Royal' prefix and became the Army Service Corps. On 08 Dec 1950, the President of India accorded sanction to the Corps to use the National Emblem in the Army Service Corps Badge and wear the Red Lanyard on the right shoulder, as recognition of its services. The first Corps Day was celebrated on 08 Dec 1952 and it has remained their Corps Day ever since.<ref name=":0" /> The new Corps Colours were presented by the then President of India Dr. [[Zakir Husain]] to the Corps on 8 December 1967 on the 207th Corps Anniversary at ASC Centre (South), Bangalore. Lt SSK Raheja had the rare and enviable privilege and honour of being selected as the Colour Ensign, he received the Corps Colours from the President. The second regimental Colours were presented on the occasion of Third Reunion by Gen OP Malhotra, COAS on 8 December 1979. In Oct 1975 the Corps song entitled 'Seva Corps Ke Jawan' was composed and recorded on a 45 RPM disc by HMV. The Corps song depicts in simple language the various facets of the Corps.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ASC Colour And Song |url=https://indianarmy.nic.in/about/army-service-corps/corps-colour-and-song-army-service-corps |website=indianarmy.nic.in}}</ref>

Since Independence, the ASC has taken part in operations in Kashmir, Nagaland, against the Chinese in Ladakh and NEFA in 1962 and against Pakistan in 1965 and 1971. The ASC has also been deeply involved with logistics for various low intensity conflict operations and counter insurgency operations. It took part in Indian Peace Keeping Force operations (IPKF) in Sri Lanka. During [[Kargil War|OP VIJAY]], the Corps provided logistic support in the difficult terrains of Kargil. 874 AT Battalion got unit citation in OP VIJAY for there exemplary services.<ref>{{Cite web |title=History of the Army Service Corps |url=https://indianarmy.nic.in/about/army-service-corps/history-army-service-corps |website=indianarmy.nic.in}}</ref>

=== The Corps Emblem and Motto ===
The Corps emblem consists of the Ashoka Emblem at the top, the Ashoka Chakra in the center, a circular band encircling the Chakra, a laurel wreath and a scroll carrying the motto '<nowiki/>''Seva Asmakam Dharma''' . In 1950, the corps officially adopted '''Seva Asmakam Dharma''' meaning Service is our creed as its motto.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MOTTO OF THE ASC |url=https://indianarmy.nic.in/about/army-service-corps/motto-of-the-corps-army-service-corps |website=indianarmy.nic.in}}</ref>

==Role==
The ASC is mainly responsible for the provisioning, procurement and distribution of Supplies of food ration, fresh & dry edible items, FOL(Fuels, oil, lubricants), Hygiene Chemicals and items of Hospital Comforts to Army, Air Force and when required for Navy and other para military forces. The operation of Mechanical Transport except first line transport and fighting vehicles and the provision and operation of first and second line Animal Transport is also the responsibility of the ASC. The other responsibilities include carriage and distribution of ammunition including mines, forward of the Corps Maintenance Area in the field in case of plains, and forward of Divisional Maintenance Area in case of mountain formation, packing of commodities for supply, loading of aircraft and ejection of loads, training and provisioning of clerks for all branches of staff at formation headquarters and the training and provisioning of catering staff in the army. This Corps is a versatile one designed for the role with wide parameters for multifarious activities of immediate concern to the troops. The Corps also handle postal services in forward areas.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ROLE OF ARMY SERVICE CORPS |url=https://indianarmy.nic.in/about/army-service-corps/role-of-asc-army-service-corps |website=indianarmy.nic.in}}</ref>

== Adventure activities ==
The Corps is renowned for its esprit-de-corps, dare-devilry and spirit of adventure. The rider team of the Corps, popularly known as "''The'' ''Tornadoes''", is renowned for brilliant displays which have thrilled spectators on various important occasions including Republic Day Parades and Army Day Parades. The Tornadoes team has numerous World Records and Limca Book of records to their credit. They hold the world record of '''Most Men on a Single Moving Motorcycle''<nowiki/>' in which 58 riders travelled a distance of 1200m in 2 min 14 sec.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Most people on one motorcycle |url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/most-people-on-one-motorcycle |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240510131735/https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/most-people-on-one-motorcycle |archive-date=2024-05-10 |access-date=2026-01-21 |work=Guinness World Records |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Most Men on a Single Moving Motorcycle |url=https://www.uniqueworldrecords.com/records/posts/most-men-on-a-single-moving-motorcycle |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=www.uniqueworldrecords.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Indian Army Creates World Record With 58 Men On Single Motorcycle |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/indian-army-creates-world-record-with-58-men-on-single-motorcycle-1778148 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20251114142335/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/indian-army-creates-world-record-with-58-men-on-single-motorcycle-1778148 |archive-date=2025-11-14 |access-date=2026-01-21 |work=www.ndtv.com |language=en}}</ref>

In December 2024, the Tornadoes created three new world records in a single day to celebrate 264th ASC Corps Day.<ref>{{Cite web |title='Tornadoes' motorcycle team creates three new world records in single day to celebrate 264th ASC Corps Day |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/tornadoes-motorcycle-team-creates-three-new-world-records-in-single-day-to-celebrate-264th-asc-corps-day20241210211530/ |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=ANI News |language=en}}</ref> [[Subedar]] Pradeep SS set a world record for the longest backward ride on a motorcycle, covering a distance of 361.56 kilometers,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Longest Backward Motorcycle Ride |url=https://www.uniqueworldrecords.com/records/posts/longest-backward-motorcycle-ride |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=www.uniqueworldrecords.com |language=en}}</ref> [[Havildar]] Manish broke the world record for the '<nowiki/>''Longest basic hands-free wheelie'<nowiki/>'' travelling 2.349 kilometers<ref>{{Cite web |title=Longest Hands-Free Motorcycle Wheelie |url=https://uniqueworldrecords.com/records/posts/longest-hands-free-motorcycle-wheelie |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=uniqueworldrecords.com |language=en}}</ref> and Sepoy Sumit Tomar created a new record for the '''Longest no-hands wheelie''<nowiki/>' covering a distance of 1,715.4 meters.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Longest no-hands motorcycle wheelie |url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/longest-no-hands-motorcycle-wheelie |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20231204085427/https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/longest-no-hands-motorcycle-wheelie |archive-date=2023-12-04 |access-date=2026-01-21 |work=Guinness World Records |language=en-GB}}</ref>

== Honours and decorations ==
{{Incomplete list|date=January 2026}}
The Corps has to its credit 17 [[Param Vishisht Seva Medal|PVSM]], 1 [[Maha Vir Chakra]], 5 [[Kirti Chakra]], 41 [[Ati Vishisht Seva Medal|AVSM]], 14 [[Vir Chakra]], 1 Ashok Chakra Class III*, 23 [[Shaurya Chakra]], 114 [[Sena Medal]] among various other decorations.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Honours and awards of the ASC |url=https://indianarmy.nic.in/about/army-service-corps/honours-and-awards-army-service-corps |access-date=21 Jan 2026 |website=indianarmy.nic.in}}</ref> Captain [[Neikezhakuo Kengurüse|Neikezhakuo Kenguruse]] was awarded the [[Maha Vir Chakra]] (Posthumous) for displaying indomitable resolve, inspiring leadership and self-sacrifice in the highest tradition of the Indian Army during [[Kargil War|Operation VIJAY]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=CAPTAIN NEIKEZHAKUO KENGURUSE |url=https://gallantryawards.gov.in/assets/uploads/styles/awardee_img/public/sites/default/files/Kenguruse_compressed-2022-06-27-0808-0606.pdf |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2026-01-21 |website=gallantryawards.gov.in}}</ref>

== Notes ==
1. * Ashoka Chakra Class III was later renamed as Shaurya Chakra.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MILITARY AWARDS |url=https://warb-mha.gov.in/pdf/awards.pdf}}</ref>

== References ==
<references/>
==External links==
* [http://indianarmy.nic.in Official website] of the [[Indian Army]]

{{Indian_Army_Arms_and_Services}}

[[Category:Administrative corps of the Indian Army]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1760]]

Tiruvetkalam Pasupatheswarar Temple

2026-01-27T02:13:47Z

Heymfaizanali: created new place needs work - done

{{Short description|Hindu temple of Shiva in Chidambaram, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox Hindu temple
| name = Paasupatheeswar Temple
| image = Thiruvetkalam (3).jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| map_type = India Tamil Nadu
| map_caption = Location in [[Tamil Nadu]]
| coordinates = {{coord|11|23|29|N|79|43|10.7|E|type:landmark_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| country = [[India]]
| state = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| district =
| location = [[Chidambaram]]
| elevation_m =
| deity = Pasupatheeswarar ([[Shiva]]) and Satgunambal ([[Parvati]])
| festivals=
| architecture = [[Dravidian Architecture|South Indian Architecture]]
| temple_quantity =
| monument_quantity=
| inscriptions =
| year_completed =
| creator =
| website =
}}
'''Tiruvetkalam Pasupatheswarar Temple''' is a [[Hindu temple]] of the god [[Shiva]] located at [[Chidambaram]] in [[Cuddalore district]] of [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]. Shiva is worshipped as Pasupatheswarar, along with His consort known as Satgunambal and Nalla Nayaki. The temple is located inside the [[Annamalai University]] complex.

The temple complex covers an area of two acres and all its shrines are enclosed with concentric rectangular walls. The temple has a number of shrines, with those of Paasupatheeswarar being the most prominent.

The temple has three daily rituals at various times from 6:00 a.m. to 8:30 p.m., and many yearly festivals on its calendar. Tamil New year during the [[Tamil calendar|Tamil month]] of ''Chittirai'' (April) is the most prominent festivals celebrated in the temple.

The original complex is believed to have been built by [[Cholas]]. In 1914, this was renovated with stone by A. Pethaperumal [[Chettiar]] from [[Kanadukathan]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tiruvetkalam Pasupatheswarar Temple - Hindu temple in Chidambaram, India |url=https://aroundus.com/p/10500088-tiruvetkalam-pasupatheswarar-temple |access-date=2026-01-27 |website=aroundus.com |language=en}}</ref>

==Legend==
[[File:Thiruvetkalam (7).jpg|250x250px|thumb|Shrine inside the temple|left]]
As per Hindu legend, [[Arjuna]], the [[Pandava]] prince from the [[Hindu epic]] ''[[Mahabharata]],'' performed severe [[Tapas (Indian religions)|penance]] at this place to please the god [[Shiva]]. One day, Arjuna spotted a wild boar speeding to attack him. While he shot the boar with an arrow, another hunter also claimed that he was the first to shoot the beast. A fight of superiority started between the two. Arjuna attacked the hunter with an arrow, the impact of which was felt by all beings in the world. The hunter then tossed Arjuna with his toe, who fell in Krupa Samudram. It took Arjuna time to realise that it was Shiva in the form of the hunter who attacked him. [[Parvati]], the consort of Shiva was angry at Arjuna for hitting her husband, but Shiva pacified her. They both granted boons to Arjuna, a weapon named [[Pashupatastra|Pasupatham]]. Since Shiva granted Pasupatham at this place, he came to be known as Pasupatheeswarar.<ref name=R/> ''[[Periyapuranam]]'', the 11th century compilation of the [[Nayanmar]]s has details about [[Sambandar]] visiting the place after coming via [[Thillai Nataraja Temple]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BsDtDwAAQBAJ&dq=thiruvetkalam&pg=PT152|page=152|title=Sekkizhar's Periya Puranam|last=S.|first=Ponnuswamy|year=2015|isbn=9788179506851|publisher=Giri Trading Agency Private Limited}}</ref>

==Architecture==
Paasupatheeswarar temple is located in Annamalai Nagar, a place {{convert|2|km|mi|abbr=on}} from [[Chidambaram]] and inside the premises of [[Annamalai University]]. The temple has a three tiered ''raja[[gopuram]]'' on the eastern side with concentric rectangular walls surrounding the temple. The sanctum is approached through a pillared hall called ''mukha mandapa'' and an artha mandapa. The shrine of the goddess is located in the mukhamandapa facing south. The presiding deity in the form of [[lingam]] (an iconic form of Shiva) is located in the sanctum. There is a circumabulatory passage around the shrines. The pillars in the hall leading to the sanctum has sculpted images depicting various Hindu legends. The pillared halls in the hall has legends of Arjuna doing penance.<ref name=R/> The image of Parvati with her hair unlocked is a notable feature.<ref name=dinamalar/> The metal image of Arjuna getting Pasupathasra from Shiva is housed in the temple.<ref name=Ayyar>{{cite book|title=South Indian Shrines: Illustrated|page=244|last=Ayyar|first=P. V. Jagadisa|publisher=Asian Educational Service|year=1993|isbn=81-206-0151-3|edition=2nd|location=New Delhi}}</ref>

==Religious importance and festivals==
[[File:Thiruvetkalam (4).jpg|250x250px|thumb|Shrine inside the temple]]
[[Sambandar]], an 8th-century Tamil ''[[Shaivism|Shaiva]]'' saint poet, venerated Uchinathar in ten verses in ''[[Tevaram]]'', compiled as the ''[[Tirumurai|First Tirumurai]]''.<ref>Tirugnanasambandar Tevaram, I: 39: 3</ref> As the temple is revered in ''Tevaram'', it is classified as ''[[Paadal Petra Sthalam]]'', one of the 276 temples that find mention in the Shaiva canon. The temple is counted as the fourth in the series of the temples on the northern bank of river [[Kaveri]].<ref name=R/> The temple is also called Bhairava temple. It is believed to the place where sages [[Agastya]] and [[Valmiki]] are believed to have obtained grace. The image of goddess Sivakami Amman is sported with her friends Vijaya and Saraswati.<ref name=dinamalar/>

The temple priests perform the ''[[Puja (Hinduism)|puja]]'' (rituals) during festivals and on a daily basis. The temple rituals are performed three times a day; ''Kalasanthi'' at 8:00 a.m., ''Uchikalam'' at 12:00 a.m. and ''Sayarakshai'' at 6:00 p.m. Each ritual comprises four steps: ''[[abhisheka]]'' (sacred bath), ''alangaram'' (decoration), ''[[Naivedhya|naivethanam]]'' (food offering) and ''deepa aradanai'' (waving of lamps) for Uchinathar and Uchinayagi.<ref name=R/> There are weekly rituals like ''{{lang|te-Latn|somavaram}}'' (Monday) and ''{{lang|te-Latn|sukravaram}}'' (Friday), fortnightly rituals like ''[[pradosha]]m'', and monthly festivals like ''[[amavasya|amavasai]]'' (new moon day), ''kiruthigai'', ''[[pournami (festival)|pournami]]'' (full moon day) and ''sathurthi''. Tamil New year during the [[Tamil calendar|Tamil month]] of ''Chittirai'' (April) is the most important festival. Vaikasi Visagam during May–June, Aani Thirumanjanam during June - July, Navratri during Purattasi, Annabishekam during ''Aipasi'', Thiruvadirai during ''Margazhi'' and Karthikai {{lang|te-Latn|somavaram}} are other festivals celebrated in the temple.<ref name=dinamalar>{{cite web|title=Sri Pasupatheeswarar temple|url=https://temple.dinamalar.com/en/new_en.php?id=855|publisher=[[Dinamalar]]|year=2014|access-date=14 May 2017}}</ref><ref name=R>{{cite book|title=An introduction to religion and Philosophy - Tévarám and Tivviyappirapantam|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.jZY9lup2kZl6TuXGlZQdjZY2lZpy.TVA_BOK_0006115|last=R.|first=Dr. Vijayalakshmy|
publisher=International Institute of Tamil Studies| location=Chennai|year=2001|edition=1st|pages=372–3}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commonscat|Thiruvetkalam}}
* {{cite web|title= Sri Pasupatheswarar temple
|url= https://temple.dinamalar.com/en/new_en.php?id=855|publisher =[[Dinamalar]]}}
* {{cite web|title= Pasupatheswarar Temple, Tiruvetkalam
|url= http://www.shivatemples.com/nofc/nc02.php |publisher=Shiva Temples of Tamilnadu, Paadal Petra Sivasthalangal}}

[[Category:Shiva temples in Cuddalore district]]
[[Category:Padal Petra Stalam]]

List of songs recorded by KK

2026-01-26T07:47:10Z

Heymfaizanali: Structure improved and content revised

{{Short description|none}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}

[[File:KK (125).jpg|thumb|[[KK (singer)|KK]] performing live at The Jockey Club Auditorium, [[Hong Kong]]]]

[[KK (singer)|KK]] (1968–2022) was an Indian playback singer. His music features in [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Kannada]], [[Malayalam]], [[Marathi language|Marathi]], [[Bengali language|Bengali]] and [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] language films.

== Hindi Songs ==
=== 1996 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Lyrics Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Maachis]]''
|"Chhod Aaye Hum"
|[[Vishal Bhardwaj|Vishal Bharadwaj]]
|[[Gulzar]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], Suresh Wadkar, Vinod Sehgal
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 8, 2011 |first=Kalyani |last=Sardesai |title=Pune is special for every performer: KK |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/pune-is-special-for-every-performer-kk/articleshow/7238400.cms |access-date=2022-08-03 |website=The Times of India}}</ref>
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" | ''[[Kadhal Desam|Duniya Dilwalon Ki]]'' (Dubbed version)
| "College Ke Saathi"
| rowspan="2" | [[A. R. Rahman]]
| rowspan="2" |
| Hariharan, Aslam Mustafa
|<ref>{{cite web |title=College Ke Saathi song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/ca/album/duniya-dilwalon-ki-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1129807029|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=12 March 2019}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Hello Doctor"
| Storms, Noel James
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Hello Doctor song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/ca/album/duniya-dilwalon-ki-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1129807029|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=12 March 2019}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 1997 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Betaabi]]''
| "Jhoothi Moothi"
| [[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
| [[Sameer (lyricist)|Sameer]]
| [[Suresh Wadkar]], [[Devaki Pandit]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jhoothi Moothi song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jhoothi-moothi/id277380844?i=277380863|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305111135/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jhoothi-moothi/id277380844?i=277380863|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 March 2016|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Minsara Kanavu|Sapnay]]''
| "Strawberry Aankhen"
| [[A. R. Rahman]]
| [[Javed Akhtar]]
| Kavita Paudwal
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Strawberry Aankhen song info |date = January 1997|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/strawberry-aankhen/id848710990?i=848711009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013657/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/strawberry-aankhen/id848710990?i=848711009|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 1999 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam]]''
| "Kaipoche"
| rowspan="2"| [[Ismail Darbar]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Mehboob Kotwal]]
| [[Shankar Mahadevan]], Jyotsna Hardikar, Damayanti Bardai
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kaipoche song info |date = 30 April 1999|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kaipoche/id514846413?i=514846913|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013706/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kaipoche/id514846413?i=514846913|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Tadap Tadap"
| [[Dominique Cerejo]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tadap Tadap song info |date = 30 April 1999|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tadap-tadap-ke-is-dil/id514846413?i=514846911|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205075833/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tadap-tadap-ke-is-dil/id514846413?i=514846911|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Pyaar Mein Kabhi Kabhi]]''
| "Koi To Mujhe Bata De"
| [[Salim–Sulaiman]]
| Salim Bijnori, [[Raj Kaushal]]
| Jeanne Michael, [[Salim–Sulaiman|Salim Merchant]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Koi To Mujhe Bata De song info |date = 3 February 2003|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/koi-to-mujhe-bata-de/294532462?i=294532491|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Lakhon Deewane"
| [[Vishal–Shekhar|Vishal]]-Shiraz-Samrat
| rowspan="2"| [[Vishal Dadlani]]
| rowspan="3"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Lakhon Deewane song info |date = 3 February 2003|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/lakhon-diwane/294532462?i=294532484|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Pyar Mein Kabhi Kabhi"
| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Pyar Mein Kabhi Kabhi song info |date = 3 February 2003|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/pyaar-mein-kabhi-kabhi/294532462?i=294532495|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Rockford (film)|Rockford]]''
| "Yaaron"
| [[Lesle Lewis (composer)|Lesle Lewis]]
| Mehboob Kotwal
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Yaaron song info |date = August 1999|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/yaaron/267023525?i=267024905|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 2000 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Dhai Akshar Prem Ke]]''
| "O Mere Rabba"
| [[Jatin–Lalit]]
| [[Sameer (lyricist)|Sameer]]
| [[Anuradha Paudwal]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=O Mere Rabba song info |date = 11 August 2000|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/o-mere-rabba/id514327845?i=514328082|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013535/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/o-mere-rabba/id514327845?i=514328082|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Dil Pe Mat Le Yaar]]''
| "Haule Haule"
| [[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
| [[Abbas Tyrewala]]
| rowspan="3"|
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Haule Haule song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/dil-pe-mat-le-yaar-2000-haule-haule-4|publisher=MySwar|access-date=15 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303210616/http://myswar.com/song_details/dil-pe-mat-le-yaar-2000-haule-haule-4|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Har Dil Jo Pyar Karega]]''
| "Sahiba Sahiba"
| rowspan="3"| [[Anu Malik]]
| rowspan="3"| Sameer
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sahiba Sahiba song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/sahiba-sahiba/id514322757?i=514322767|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013548/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/sahiba-sahiba/id514322757?i=514322767|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Hera Pheri (2000 film)|Hera Pheri]]''
| "Jab Bhi Koi Haseena"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jab Bhi Koi Haseena song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jab-bhi-koi-haseena-original/id848669884?i=848669886|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013540/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jab-bhi-koi-haseena-original/id848669884?i=848669886|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Ghaath (2000 film)|Ghaath]]''
| "Jo Dar Gaya Wo Mar Gaya"
| [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], Anu Malik
|
|}

=== 2001 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Aks (2001 film)|Aks]]''
| "Aaja Gufaon Mein Aa"
| rowspan="2"| [[Anu Malik]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Gulzar]]
| [[Vasundhara Das]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Aaja Gufaon Mein Aa song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aaja-gufaon-mein-aa/id841128022?i=841128042|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013641/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aaja-gufaon-mein-aa/id841128022?i=841128042|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Banda Bindas"
| [[Clinton Cerejo]], [[Kunal Ganjawala]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Banda Bindas song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/banda-bindas/id841128022?i=841128129|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013614/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/banda-bindas/id841128022?i=841128129|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Bas Itna Sa Khwaab Hai]]''
| "Chhota Sa Mann Hai"
| rowspan="3"| [[Aadesh Shrivastava]]
| [[Goldie Behl]], Mona Alvi
| [[Alka Yagnik]], [[Roopkumar Rathod]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Chhota Sa Mann Hai song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/chhota-sa-mann-hai/id387410826?i=387412361|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013727/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/chhota-sa-mann-hai/id387410826?i=387412361|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Deewaanapan]]''
| "Doston Naam Karna Hai"
| rowspan="2"| [[Sameer (lyricist)|Sameer]]
| [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], [[Hema Sardesai]], [[Shraddha Pandit]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Doston Naam Karna Hai song info |date = 13 September 2001|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/doston-naam-karna-hai/id845515986?i=845515992|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013555/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/doston-naam-karna-hai/id845515986?i=845515992|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Hum Deewane"
| Shaan, Hema Sardesai
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Hum Deewane song info |date = 13 September 2001|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/hum-deewane/id845515986?i=845515998|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013608/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/hum-deewane/id845515986?i=845515998|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Dil Chahta Hai]]''
| "Koi Kahe Kehta Rahe"
| [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
| [[Javed Akhtar]]
| [[Shankar Mahadevan]], Shaan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Koi Kahe Kehta Rahe song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/koi-kahe-kehta-rahe/id581358492?i=581358505|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140822075850/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/koi-kahe-kehta-rahe/id581358492?i=581358505|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 August 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Ehsaas: The Feeling]]''
| "Tumse Milkar Hua Hai Ehsaas"
| [[Anand Raaj Anand]]
| Praveen Bharadwaj
| [[Bela Shende]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tumse Milkar Hua Hai Ehsaas song info |date = 7 September 2001|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tumse-milkar-hua-hai-ehsaas/id580706832?i=580706847|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305111503/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tumse-milkar-hua-hai-ehsaas/id580706832?i=580706847|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 March 2016|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Farz (2001 film)|Farz]]''
| "Jhanak Jhanak Baaje"
| Aadesh Shrivastava
| rowspan="2"| Sameer
| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]], [[Richa Sharma (singer)|Richa Sharma]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jhanak Jhanak Baaje song info |date = 18 November 2000|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jhanak-jhanak-baaje/id514322352?i=514322417|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003044854/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jhanak-jhanak-baaje/id514322352?i=514322417|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=12 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Lajja (2001 film)|Lajja]]''
| "Jiyo Jiyo"
| Anu Malik
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jiyo Jiyo song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jiyo-jiyo/id387372587?i=387373074|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013717/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jiyo-jiyo/id387372587?i=387373074|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Love Ke Liye Kuch Bhi Karega]]''
| "Dhan Dhan"
| rowspan="2"| [[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Abbas Tyrewala]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dhan Dhan song info |date = 21 May 2001|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dhan-dhan/id514396479?i=514396820|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013715/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dhan-dhan/id514396479?i=514396820|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Socho Kya Karogi"
| [[Asha Bhosle]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Socho Kya Karogi song info |date = 21 May 2001|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/socho-kya-karogi/id514396479?i=514396819|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013647/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/socho-kya-karogi/id514396479?i=514396819|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Mujhe Kucch Kehna Hai]]''
| "Mujhe Kucch Kehna Hai"
| rowspan="2"| Anu Malik
| rowspan="4"| Sameer
| rowspan="3"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mujhe Kucch Kehna Hai song info |date = 15 December 2001|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mujhe-kucch-kehna-hai/id488419514?i=488419583|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013703/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mujhe-kucch-kehna-hai/id488419514?i=488419583|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Pyaar Re"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Pyaar Re song info |date = 15 December 2001|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/pyar-re/id488419514?i=488419585|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013616/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/pyar-re/id488419514?i=488419585|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Rehnaa Hai Terre Dil Mein]]''
| "Sach Keh Raha Hai"
| [[Harris Jayaraj]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sach Keh Raha Hai song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/such-keh-raha-hai/id852641599?i=852641773|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305103341/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/such-keh-raha-hai/id852641599?i=852641773|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 March 2016|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Na Sone Ke Bangle Mein"
| A.M.M.
| [[Anuradha Sriram]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Na Sone Ke Bangle Mein song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Rehnaa-Hai-Terre-Dil-Mein/Na-Sone-Ka-Bangla/HQNcez1lY30|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Style (2001 film)|Style]]''
| "Miss Dil & Mr. Dil"
| colspan="2"| Nitin Raikwar
| Hema Sardesai
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Miss Dil & Mr. Dil song info |date = 28 December 2001|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/miss-dil-and-mr-dil/id849550189?i=849550197|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013532/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/miss-dil-and-mr-dil/id849550189?i=849550197|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Yeh Hai Style"
| [[Sanjeev–Darshan]]
| Tejpal Kaur
| [[Abhijeet Bhattacharya|Abhijeet]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Yeh Hai Style song info |date = 28 December 2001|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/yeh-hai-style/id849550189?i=849550190|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013654/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/yeh-hai-style/id849550189?i=849550190|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''Taj Mahal – A Monument Of Love''
| "Taj Mahal Ki Ba Zabaani" (Version 1)
| rowspan="3"| Santosh Nair
| rowspan="3"| Rahul B. Seth
| rowspan="2"| Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Taj Mahal Ki Ba Zabaani – I song info|url=http://gaana.com/song/taj-mahal-ki-ba-zabaani|publisher=[[Gaana]]|access-date=12 September 2014|archive-date=12 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140912015403/http://gaana.com/song/taj-mahal-ki-ba-zabaani|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| "Taj Mahal Ki Ba Zabaani" (Version 2)
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Taj Mahal Ki Ba Zabaani – II song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/taj-mahal-a-monument-of-love-2001-taj-mahal-ki-ba-zabaani-ii-5|publisher=MySwar|access-date=12 September 2014|archive-date=2 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141002223413/http://myswar.com/song_details/taj-mahal-a-monument-of-love-2001-taj-mahal-ki-ba-zabaani-ii-5|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| "Aye Khuda"
| Roop Kumar Rathod
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Aye Khuda song info|url=http://gaana.com/song/aye-khuda-1|publisher=[[Gaana]]|access-date=12 September 2014|archive-date=12 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140912144550/http://gaana.com/song/aye-khuda-1|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Yaadein (2001 film)|Yaadein]]''
| "Aye Dil Dil Ki Duniya Mein"
| Anu Malik
| [[Anand Bakshi]]
| [[Udit Narayan]], Sneha Pant
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Aye Dil Dil Ki Duniya Mein song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aye-dil-dil-ki-duniya-mein/id487945134?i=487945501|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013659/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aye-dil-dil-ki-duniya-mein/id487945134?i=487945501|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Yeh Teraa Ghar Yeh Meraa Ghar]]''
| "Mil Jaye Khazana"
| [[Anand–Milind]]
| [[Ibrahim Ashk]]
| Shaan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mil Jaye Khazana song info |date = January 2001|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/mil-jaye-khazana/387394790?i=387395780|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Tere Liye (film)|Tere Liye]]''
| "Tere Liye" (Sad Version)
| rowspan="2"| [[Jeet Gannguli|Jeet]]-[[Pritam]]
| rowspan="2"| Abbas Tyrewala
| [[Sonu Nigam]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Tere Liye (Sad) song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/tere-liye-2000-tere-liye-sad-5|publisher=MySwar|access-date=15 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303215109/http://myswar.com/song_details/tere-liye-2000-tere-liye-sad-5|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|"Jee Lenge"
|[[Kavita Krishnamurti|Kavita Krishnamurthy]], [[Sonu Nigam]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.songsmp3.co/download/927/jee-lenge.html |title=Jee Lenge - Tere Liye (2000) Mp3 Songs Download for free |access-date=2017-09-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170915204618/https://www.songsmp3.co/download/927/jee-lenge.html |archive-date=2017-09-15 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 2002 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[16 December (film)|16 December]]''
| "Dil Yeh Tera"
| Vikesh Mehta
| P.K.Mishra
|
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Dil Yeh Tera song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/16-december-2002-dil-yeh-tera-5|publisher=Mywar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303210554/http://myswar.com/song_details/16-december-2002-dil-yeh-tera-5|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Aap Mujhe Achche Lagne Lage]]''
| "Meri Jaan"
| rowspan="2"| [[Rajesh Roshan]]
| rowspan="2"| Dev Kohli
| [[Alka Yagnik]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Meri Jaan song info |date = January 2004|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/meri-jaan/387370350?i=387371146|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "We Wish You"
| Alka Yagnik, [[Jack Gaud]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=We Wish You song info |date = January 2004|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/we-wish-you-a-great-life/387370350?i=387371643|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Agni Varsha]]''
| "Dole Re"
| [[Sandesh Shandilya]]
| [[Javed Akhtar]]
| [[K. S. Chithra]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dole Re song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dole-re/id387385146?i=387385280|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013652/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dole-re/id387385146?i=387385280|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Ansh: The Deadly Part|Ansh]]''
| "Mumbai Mein"
| [[Nadeem–Shravan]]
| [[Sameer (lyricist)|Sameer]]
| Hozef, Tauseef Akhtar, Shaan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mumbai Mein song info |date = December 2000|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mumbai-mein-original/id848658704?i=848658721|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013636/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mumbai-mein-original/id848658704?i=848658721|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Badhaai Ho Badhaai]]''
| "Teri Zindagi Mein Pyar Hai" (Version 1)
| rowspan="2"| [[Anu Malik]]
| rowspan="2"| Javed Akhtar
| Alka Yagnik
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Teri Zindagi Mein – 1 song info |date = January 2002|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/teri-zindagi-mein-pyar-hai/387368277?i=387368578|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Teri Zindagi Mein Pyar Hai" (Version 3)
| rowspan="3"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Teri Zindagi Mein – 3 song info |date = January 2002|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/teri-zindagi-mein-pyar-hai/387368277?i=387368946|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''Chhal''
| "Chhal"
| rowspan="2"| Viju Shah
| rowspan="2"| Amitabh Verma
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Chhal song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/chhal-2002-chhal-1|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303211146/http://myswar.com/song_details/chhal-2002-chhal-1|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| "Chhal" (Extended Mix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Chhal (Extended Mix) song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/chhal-2002-chhal-extended-mix-4|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303212006/http://myswar.com/song_details/chhal-2002-chhal-extended-mix-4|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Deewangee]]''
| "Deewangee"
| rowspan="3"| [[Ismail Darbar]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Nusrat Badr]]
| [[Mahalakshmi Iyer]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Deewangee song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/deewangee-2002-deewangee-2|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140917141108/http://myswar.com/song_details/deewangee-2002-deewangee-2|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 September 2014|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Devdas (2002 Hindi film)|Devdas]]''
| "[[Dola Re Dola]]"
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]], [[Kavita Krishnamurti]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dola Re Dola song info |date = January 2002|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/dola-re-dola/294160685?i=294160739|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Maar Dala"
| Nusrat Badr, Prakash Kapadia
| Kavita Krishnamurthy
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Maar Dala song info |date = January 2002|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/maar-daala/294160685?i=294160693|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Encounter: The Killing]]''
| "Jhum Jhum"
| rowspan="2"| Amar Mohile, Arun Paudwal
| rowspan="2"| N/A
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Jhum Jhum song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/encounter-the-killing-2002-jhum-jhum-3|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140917115510/http://myswar.com/song_details/encounter-the-killing-2002-jhum-jhum-3|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 September 2014|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Prashna Chinha"
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Prashna Chinha song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/encounter-the-killing-2002-prashna-chinha-1|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303215038/http://myswar.com/song_details/encounter-the-killing-2002-prashna-chinha-1|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Filhaal...]]''
| "Naya Naya"
| [[Anu Malik]]
| [[Gulzar]]
| K.S. Chitra
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Naya Naya song info |date=30 September 2001|url=https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Filhaal/Naya-Naya/L14hVUZnZ1c|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Ghaav: The Wound]]''
| "Maane Ya Na Maane"
| Suresh Raheja
| Arun Bhairav
| [[Sapna Mukherjee]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Maane Ya Na Maane song info|url=http://mio.to/album/Ghaav+%282002%29|publisher=Music India Online|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304054841/http://mio.to/album/Ghaav+(2002)|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Humraaz]]''
| "Bardaasht" (Version 1)
| rowspan="2"| [[Himesh Reshammiya]]
| rowspan="2"| Sudhakar Sharma
| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Bardaasht song info |date = 6 May 2002|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/bardaasht/id594007885?i=594007887|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003051133/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/bardaasht/id594007885?i=594007887|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=12 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Bardaasht" (Version 2)
|
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Bardaasht – 2 song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/humraaz-2002-bardaasht-1-2|publisher=MySwar|access-date=12 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204456/http://myswar.com/song_details/humraaz-2002-bardaasht-1-2|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Jeena Sirf Merre Liye]]''
| "Kash Ke Tujhse Main"
| [[Nadeem–Shravan]]
| Sameer
| Alka Yagnik
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Kash Ke Tujhse Main song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/jeena-sirf-merre-liye-2002-kash-ke-tujhse-main-5|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231628/http://myswar.com/song_details/jeena-sirf-merre-liye-2002-kash-ke-tujhse-main-5|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Kitne Door Kitne Paas]]''
| "Rulati Hain Mohabbatein"
| [[Sanjeev–Darshan]]
| Anwar Sagar
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Rulati Hain Mohabbatein song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Kitne-Door-Kitne-Paas/Rulati-Hain-Mohabbatein/NxhdBQ5JQ1U|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Kuch Tum Kaho Kuch Hum Kahein]]''
| "Yeh Kya Majboori Hai"
| Anu Malik
| Sameer
| Prashant
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Yeh Kya Majboori Hai song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/yeh-kya-majboori-hai-from/id900117329?i=900117514|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305123101/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/yeh-kya-majboori-hai-from/id900117329?i=900117514|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 March 2016|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Kya Yehi Pyaar Hai]]''
| "Dil Pe Chaane Laga"
| [[Sajid–Wajid]]
| [[Jalees Sherwani]]
| Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dil Pe Chaane Laga song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dil-pe-chaane-laga/id526247588?i=526247611|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003051209/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dil-pe-chaane-laga/id526247588?i=526247611|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=12 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Leela (2002 film)|Leela]]''
| "Kanha Tere Bansuri"
| [[Shantanu Moitra]]
| [[Abbas Tyrewala]]
| [[Falguni Pathak]], Karsan Sagathia
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Kanha Tere Bansuri song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/leela-2002-kanha-tere-bansuri-6|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035819/http://myswar.com/song_details/leela-2002-kanha-tere-bansuri-6|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Mere Yaar Ki Shaadi Hai]]''
| "Hum Dono Jaisa"
| [[Jeet Gannguli|Jeet]]-[[Pritam]]
| Javed Akhtar
| Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Hum Dono Jaisa song info |date = 9 May 2002|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/hum-dono-jaisa/673612576?i=673612730|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=12 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Om Jai Jagadish]]''
| "Om Jai Jagadish" (Version 1)
| rowspan="3"| Anu Malik
| rowspan="3"| Sameer
| rowspan="2"| [[Abhijeet Bhattacharya|Abhijeet]], [[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], Alka Yagnik
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Om Jai Jagadish (Version 1) song info |url=https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Om-Jai-Jagdish/Om-Jai-Jagdesh/RTASBCEddn4|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Om Jai Jagadish" (Version 2)
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Om Jai Jagadish (Version 2) song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/om-jai-jagdish-2002-om-jai-jagdish-2-6|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303210852/http://myswar.com/song_details/om-jai-jagdish-2002-om-jai-jagdish-2-6|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| "Jeena Kya"
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jeena Kya song info |url=https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Om-Jai-Jagdish/Jeena-Kia/BAFfZyJ8ZXU|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Road (2002 film)|Road]]''
| "Toofan Se"
| colspan="2"| Nitin Raikwar
| Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Toofan Se song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/toofan-sa/id387350417?i=387350523|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003051226/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/toofan-sa/id387350417?i=387350523|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=12 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Saathiya (film)|Saathiya]]''
| "Mangalyam"
| rowspan="2"| [[A. R. Rahman]]
| rowspan="2"| Gulzar
| [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], [[Kunal Ganjawala]], [[Srinivas (singer)|Srinivas]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mangalyam song info |date = 18 October 2002|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/mangalayam/673594500?i=673594560|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "O Humdum Suniyo Re"
| Shaan, Kunal Ganjawala
|<ref>{{cite web |title=O Humdum Suniyo Re song info |date = 18 October 2002|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/o-humdum-suniyo-re/673594500?i=673594553|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Shararat (2002 film)|Shararat]]''
| "Mehki Hawaon Mein"
| Sajid–Wajid
| rowspan="2"| Sameer
| [[Sonu Nigam]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mehki Hawaon Mein song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mehki-hawaon-mein/id566214307?i=566214378|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013602/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mehki-hawaon-mein/id566214307?i=566214378|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Soch]]''
| "Dil Dhoonde"
| [[Jatin–Lalit]]
| [[Asha Bhosle]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dil Dhoonde song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dil-dhoonde/id387377926?i=387378138|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013612/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dil-dhoonde/id387377926?i=387378138|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Yeh Kya Ho Raha Hai?]]''
| "Ooh Yeh!"
| [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
| Javed Akhtar
| Mahalakshmi Iyer
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ooh Yeh! song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ooh-yeh!/id514366261?i=514366303|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013628/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ooh-yeh!/id514366261?i=514366303|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=12 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''Om''
|"Dil Diya Hai Tujhe"
|Amar Mohile
|[[Sameer Anjaan]]
|[[Hema Sardesai]]
|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UXcAIXUCgO8 R]
|}

=== 2003 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="4"| ''[[Bas Yun Hi]]''
| "Ek Ajnabi"
| rowspan="4"| Rajeev-[[Merlin D'Souza|Merlin]]
| rowspan="4"| [[Subha (writers)|Subha]]
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ek Ajnabi song info |date = 10 October 2002|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/ek-ajnabi/302387139?i=302387147|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Bas Yun Hi"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Bas Yun Hi song info |date = 10 October 2002|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/bas-yun-hi/302387139?i=302387145|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Ehsaas"
| rowspan="2"| [[Mahalakshmi Iyer]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ehsaas song info |date = 10 October 2002|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/ehsaas/302387139?i=302387149|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Jao Naa"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jao Naa song info |date = 10 October 2002|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/jao-na/302387139?i=302387150|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Chupke Se]]''
| "Jeele Jeele"
| [[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
| [[Gulzar]]
| [[Alka Yagnik]], [[Ranjit Barot]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jeele Jeele song info |url=http://gaana.com/song/jeele-jeele|publisher=[[Gaana]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Ek Aur Ek Gyarah]]''
| "Beimaan Mohabbat"
| [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Sameer (lyricist)|Sameer]]
| [[Shankar Mahadevan]], [[Gayatri Ganjawala]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Beimaan Mohabbat song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/beimaan-mohabbat/id514413310?i=514413326|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Footpath (2003 film)|Footpath]]''
| "Soorat Pe Teri Pyar Aave"
| [[Himesh Reshammiya]]
| [[Hema Sardesai]], Jayesh Gandhi
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Soorat Pe Teri Pyar Aave song info |date = 15 August 2003|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/soorat-pe-teri-pyar-aave/id493031194?i=493031319|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141127134932/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/soorat-pe-teri-pyar-aave/id493031194?i=493031319|url-status=dead|archive-date=27 November 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" | ''[[Freaky Chakra (film)|Freaky Chakra]]''
| "Dil Main Kuch Ho Raha Hai"
| rowspan="2" | [[Ouseppachan]]
| rowspan="2" | Shiven Surendranath, Roohi Dixit
|
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Dil Main Kuch Ho song info|url=http://mio.to/album/Freaky+Chakra+%282003%29|publisher=Music India Online|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=1 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141101231351/http://mio.to/album/Freaky+Chakra+(2003)|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|"Freaky Chakra Title Song"
|[[Ouseppachan]], Ziba Bhagwagar, Ashvin Naidu, Venugopal, Franco Seven
|
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Fun2shh... Dudes in the 10th Century|Fun 2shh]]''
| "Hold"
| [[Pritam]]
| Amitabh Verma
| [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan, Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Hold song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/fun2shh-2003-hold-3|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140917152945/http://myswar.com/song_details/fun2shh-2003-hold-3|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 September 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="4"| ''[[Jhankaar Beats]]''
| "Jab Kabhi"
| rowspan="4"| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
| rowspan="4"| [[Vishal Dadlani]]
| Mahalakshmi Iyer
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jab Kabhi song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Jhankaar-Beats/Jab-Kabhi/OQkmXxFSX1k|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Jo Gaya Woh Gaya"
| Vishal Dadlani
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jo Gaya Woh Gaya song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Jhankaar-Beats/Jo-Gaya-Voh-Gaya/JysZHDxZeGs|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Humein Tumse Pyar Kitna"
| rowspan="4"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Humein Tumse Pyar Kitna song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Jhankaar-Beats/Humein-Tumse-Pyaar-Kitna/CTszSC1-BWk|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Tu Aashiqui Hai"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tu Aashiqui Hai song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Jhankaar-Beats/Tu-Aashiqui-Hai/JiUcdDFJAV4|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Jism (2003 film)|Jism]]''
| "Awaarapan Banjarapan"
| M. M. Kreem
| [[Sayeed Quadri]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Awaarapan Banjarapan song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/awaarapan-banjarapan-version/id849551023?i=849551185|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013713/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/awaarapan-banjarapan-version/id849551023?i=849551185|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Indian Babu]]''
| "I Wanna Take You"
| Nadeem-Shravan
| Sameer
|<ref>{{cite web |title=I Wanna Take You song info |date=17 October 2002|url=https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Indian-Babu/I-Wanna-Take-You/NDkpQx4FY0M|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Kal Ho Naa Ho]]''
| "It's The Time To Disco"
| Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy
| [[Javed Akhtar]]
| [[Vasundhara Das]], Shaan, [[Loy Mendonsa]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=It's The Time To Disco song info |date = 15 September 2003|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/its-the-time-to-disco/300388644?i=300388929|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Khushi (2003 Hindi film)|Khushi]]''
| "Hai Re Hai Re"
| Anu Malik
| Sameer
| Hema Sardesai
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Hai Re Hai Re song info |date = 7 February 2003|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/hai-re-hai-re/id487937275?i=487937310|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013631/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/hai-re-hai-re/id487937275?i=487937310|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Khwahish]]''
| "Jaan-E-Man"
| [[Anand–Milind|Milind Sagar]]
| Faaiz Anwar
| [[Asha Bhosle]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Jaaneman song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/khwahish-2003-jaaneman-4|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304085251/http://myswar.com/song_details/khwahish-2003-jaaneman-4|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Kucch To Hai]]''
| "Aisa Kyon Hota Hai"
| rowspan="2"| Anu Malik
| rowspan="2"| Sameer
| rowspan="2"| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Aisa Kyon Hota Hai song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Kucch-To-Hai/Aisa-Kyon-Hota-Hai/NhAjXBpVQEU|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=14 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Ding Dong"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ding Dong song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Kucch-To-Hai/Ding-Dong/BwEsVAZdA0E|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=14 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Kyon?]]''
| "Tadak Tadak"
| rowspan="3"| [[Bhupen Hazarika]]
| rowspan="3"| [[Prasoon Joshi]]
| [[Dominique Cerejo]], Sonu Nigam, KK
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Tadak Tadak song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/kyon-2003-tadak-tadak-3|publisher=MySwar|access-date=14 September 2014|archive-date=2 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141002223710/http://myswar.com/song_details/kyon-2003-tadak-tadak-3|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| "Aise Koi Jata Hai"
| rowspan="3"|
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Aise Koi Jata Hai song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/kyon-2003-aise-koi-jata-hai-8|publisher=MySwar|access-date=14 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204349/http://myswar.com/song_details/kyon-2003-aise-koi-jata-hai-8|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| "Sun Le Saara Jahaan"
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Sun Le Saara Jahaan song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/kyon-2003-sun-le-sarah-jahan-6|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140917152946/http://myswar.com/song_details/kyon-2003-sun-le-sarah-jahan-6|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 September 2014|publisher=MySwar|access-date=14 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="5"| ''[[Main Prem Ki Diwani Hoon]]''
| "Ladka Yeh Kehta Hai"
| rowspan="5"| Anu Malik
| rowspan="5"| Dev Kohli
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ladka Yeh Kehta Hai song info |date = 10 May 2004|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/ladka-yeh-kehta-hai/895067518?i=895067541|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Chali Aayee"
| rowspan="4"| [[K. S. Chithra]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Chali Aayee song info |date = 10 May 2004|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/chali-aayee/895067518?i=895067525|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "O Ajnabi" (Happy Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=O Ajnabi (Happy Version) song info |date = 10 May 2004|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/o-ajnabi-happy-version/895067518?i=895067533|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Sanjana I Love You"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sanjana I Love You song info |date = 10 May 2004|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/sanjana-i-love-you/895067518?i=895067526|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Prem! Prem! Prem!"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Prem! Prem! Prem! song info |date = 10 May 2004|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/prem-prem-prem/895067518?i=895067545|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''Miss India''
| "Sun Sun"
| [[Anand–Milind]]
| [[Jalees Sherwani]]
| [[Sowmya Raoh]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Sun Sun song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/miss-india-2003-sun-sun-1|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=25 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625144046/http://myswar.com/song_details/miss-india-2003-sun-sun-1|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Mumbai Matinee]]''
| "Sex Is Good"
| colspan="3"| Farhad Wadia
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sex Is Good song info |date = June 2003|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/sex-is-good/210145083?i=210145159|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''Oops!''
| "Bhadka De"
| rowspan="2"| Ravi Pawar
| rowspan="2"| Ajay Jhingran
| Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Bhadka De song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/oops-2003-bhadka-de-3|publisher=MySwar|access-date=14 September 2014|archive-date=2 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141002223723/http://myswar.com/song_details/oops-2003-bhadka-de-3|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| "Bhadka De" (Sad Version)
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Bhadka De (Sad) song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/oops-2003-bhadka-de-sad-4|publisher=MySwar|access-date=14 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204338/http://myswar.com/song_details/oops-2003-bhadka-de-sad-4|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" | ''[[Paanch]]''
| "Main Khuda"
| rowspan="2" | [[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Abbas Tyrewala]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Main Khuda song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/paanch-2003-main-khuda-1|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=25 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150125115434/http://myswar.com/song_details/paanch-2003-main-khuda-1|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|Pakka Mat
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Rules: Pyaar Ka Superhit Formula]]''
| "Uljhano Ko De Diya"
| [[Sandesh Shandilya]]
| Subrat Sinha, R.N. Dubey
| [[Sanjivani (singer)|Sanjivani]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Uljhano Ko De Diya song info |date = January 2003|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/uljhano-ko-de-diya/387374024?i=387374044|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Saaya (2003 film)|Saaya]]''
| "Kabhi Khushboo"
| Anu Malik
| Sayeed Quadri
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kabhi Khushboo song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kabhi-khushboo/id514390669?i=514390891|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140821143017/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kabhi-khushboo/id514390669?i=514390891|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 August 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="4"| ''[[Stumped (film)|Stumped]]''
| "Sona Chandi"
| rowspan="2"| Pritam
| Anil Bhardwaj
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Sona Chandi song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/stumped-2003-sona-chandi-6|publisher=MySwar|access-date=14 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303215126/http://myswar.com/song_details/stumped-2003-sona-chandi-6|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| "Aise Hi Bada Hua Gavaskar"
| [[Gaurav Pandey]]
| Shaan, [[Aanjjan Srivastav]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Aise Hi Bada Hua Gavaskar song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/stumped-2003-aise-hi-bada-hua-gavaskar-1|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140917185757/http://myswar.com/song_details/stumped-2003-aise-hi-bada-hua-gavaskar-1|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 September 2014|publisher=MySwar|access-date=14 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Humko Toh Hai Poora Yakeen"
| rowspan="2"| [[Pritam]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Abbas Tyrewala]]
| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]], [[Sagarika]], [[Shankar Mahadevan]], [[Shraddha Pandit]], [[Shubha Mudgal]], [[Shweta Pandit]], [[Shweta Shetty]], [[Sudesh Bhosale]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Humko Toh Hai Poora Yakeen song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/stumped-2003-humko-toh-hai-poora-yakein-4|publisher=MySwar|access-date=14 September 2014|archive-date=2 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141002223721/http://myswar.com/song_details/stumped-2003-humko-toh-hai-poora-yakein-4|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| "Humko Toh Hai Poora Yakeen" (Remix Version)
| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]], [[Sudesh Bhosale]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Humko Toh Hai (Remix) song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/stumped-2003-humko-toh-hai-poora-yakein-5|publisher=MySwar|access-date=14 September 2014|archive-date=2 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141002223712/http://myswar.com/song_details/stumped-2003-humko-toh-hai-poora-yakein-5|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Supari (film)|Supari]]''
| "Bombay Town"
| Vishal–Shekhar
| Javed Akhtar
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Bombay Town song info |date = December 2003|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/bombay-town/id848652311?i=848652496|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012917/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/bombay-town/id848652311?i=848652496|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=14 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Tere Naam]]''
| "O Jaana"
| rowspan="5"| [[Himesh Reshammiya]]
| rowspan="5"| Sameer
| [[Udit Narayan]], Alka Yagnik, Shaan, Kamaal Khan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=O Jaana song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/o-jaana/id514415184?i=514415235|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141120220849/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/o-jaana/id514415184?i=514415235|url-status=dead|archive-date=20 November 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="4"| ''[[Zameen (2003 film)|Zameen]]''
| "Dilli Ki Sardi"
| rowspan="2"| Shweta Shetty
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dilli Ki Sardi song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dilli-ki-sardi/id514419166?i=514419466|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013017/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dilli-ki-sardi/id514419166?i=514419466|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Dilli Ki Sardi" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dilli Ki Sardi (Remix) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dilli-ki-sardi-remix/id514419166?i=514419471|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012959/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dilli-ki-sardi-remix/id514419166?i=514419471|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Tere Sang Ek Simple Si Coffee"
| Hema Sardesai
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tere Sang Ek Simple Si Coffee song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tere-sang-ek-simple-si-coffee/id514419166?i=514419465|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013029/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tere-sang-ek-simple-si-coffee/id514419166?i=514419465|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Sarzameen Se"
| Shaan
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Sarzameen Se song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/zameen-2003-sarazameen-se-title-song-4|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303215104/http://myswar.com/song_details/zameen-2003-sarazameen-se-title-song-4|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|-
! scope="row"| Valentine Days
| "Jeena Jeena"
| Jayanta Pathak
| Roop Johari
| [[Zubeen Garg]], [[Mehnaz Hoosein|Mehnaaz]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jeena Jeena Song info |url=https://muvyz.com/song/uv436680}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 2004 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row"| ''Alibaba Aur 40 Chor''
| "Sher Agar Aa Jaye"
| [[Anand–Milind]]
| [[Jalees Sherwani]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sher Agar Aa Jaye song info |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1238718/soundtrack?ref_=tt_trv_snd|publisher=IMDb |access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Aabra Ka Daabra]]''
| "Love Hoya"
| rowspan="2"| [[Himesh Reshammiya]]
| rowspan="6"| [[Sameer (lyricist)|Sameer]]
| [[Hema Sardesai]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Love Hoya song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/aabra-ka-daabra-2004-love-hoya-4|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000525/http://myswar.com/song_details/aabra-ka-daabra-2004-love-hoya-4|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Aitraaz]]''
| "Yeh Dil Tumpe Aa Gaya"
| [[Alisha Chinai]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Yeh Dil Tumpe Aa Gaya song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/aitraaz-2004-yeh-dil-tumpe-aa-gaya-8|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303213228/http://myswar.com/song_details/aitraaz-2004-yeh-dil-tumpe-aa-gaya-8|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Asambhav]]''
| "Main Sada Hoon"
| Viju Shah
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Main Sada Hoon song info | date=22 May 2004 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/main-sada-hoon/id562429151?i=562429541|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012831/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/main-sada-hoon/id562429151?i=562429541|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Dhoom]]''
| "Shikdum" (The Bedroom Mix Version)
| [[Pritam]]
| [[Gayatri Ganjawala]], Indee
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Shikdum (The Bedroom Mix) song info |date = 16 July 2004|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/shikdum-the-bedroom-mix/673571395?i=673571512|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=14 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Dil Maange More]]''
| "O Makhna Ve"
| rowspan="2"| Himesh Reshammiya
|Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=O Makhna Ve song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/o-makhna-ve/id514522727?i=514522753|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013032/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/o-makhna-ve/id514522727?i=514522753|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=14 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Dil Ne Jise Apna Kahaa]]''
| "Go Balle Balle"
| Alisha Chinai
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Go Balle Balle song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/go-balle-balle/id514440600?i=514440698|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012858/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/go-balle-balle/id514440600?i=514440698|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Inteqam: The Perfect Game]]''
| "Ishq Sarfira"
| [[Anand–Milind]]
| Jalees-Rashid
| [[Sadhna Sargam]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Ishq Sarfira song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/inteqam-2004-ishq-sarfira-5|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235919/http://myswar.com/song_details/inteqam-2004-ishq-sarfira-5|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Ishq Hai Tumse]]''
| "Lutf De Gayee"
| Himesh Reshammiya
| Sameer
| Hema Sardesai
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Lutf De Gayee song info |date = 7 October 2005|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/lutf-de-gayee/274197372?i=274197529|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[King of Bollywood]]''
| "Dhak Dhak"
| Smoke
| [[Piyush Jha]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Dhak Dhak song info|url=http://mio.to/album/King+Of+Bollywood+%282004%29|publisher=Music India Online|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051454/http://mio.to/album/King+Of+Bollywood+(2004)|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Main Hoon Na]]''
| "Chale Jaise Hawaien"
|rowspan="3"| Anu Malik
|rowspan="3"| [[Javed Akhtar]]
| [[Vasundhara Das]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Chale Jaise Hawaien song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/chale-jaise-hawaien/id514450286?i=514450475|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012957/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/chale-jaise-hawaien/id514450286?i=514450475|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Ye Fizaein"
| [[Alka Yagnik]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ye Fizaein song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ye-fizaein/id514450286?i=514450477|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006000849/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ye-fizaein/id514450286?i=514450477|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Gori Gori"
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]], [[Anu Malik]], [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Gori Gori song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/gori-gori-gori-gori/id514450286?i=514450479|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003061052/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/gori-gori-gori-gori/id514450286?i=514450479|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Musafir (2004 film)|Musafir]]''
| "Door Se Paas"
| rowspan="2"| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
| Dev Kohli
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Door Se Paas song info |url=https://gaana.com/song/door-se-paas |publisher=[[Gaana]] |access-date=27 September 2013}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Popcorn Khao! Mast Ho Jao]]''
| "Le Chale"
|
| [[Mahalakshmi Iyer]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Le Chale song info |date = 15 July 2004|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/le-chale/212790523?i=212790567 |publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=14 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Rudraksh (film)|Rudraksh]]''
| "Dil Ki Aahein"
| Shashi Pritam
| [[Mast Ali]]
| [[K. S. Chithra]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dil Ki Aahein song info | date=12 December 2003 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dil-ki-aahein/id511479461?i=511479635 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013047/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dil-ki-aahein/id511479461?i=511479635 |url-status=dead |archive-date=8 December 2014 |publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=14 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Rakht]]''
| "Rakht"
| Shamir Tandon
| [[Sandeep Nath]]
| [[Mahesh Manjrekar]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Rakht song info | date=26 June 2004 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/rakht/id514449672?i=514449681|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012921/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/rakht/id514449672?i=514449681|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=14 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Shaadi Ka Laddoo]]''
| "Biwi Ka Belan"
| rowspan="2"| Vishal–Shekhar
| Vishal Dadlani
| [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Biwi Ka Belan song info |date = January 2004|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/biwi-ka-belan/387355423?i=387355665|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=14 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Shukriya: Till Death Do Us Apart]]''
| "Aankhon Aankhon Mein"
| Sameer
| Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Aankhon Aankhon Mein song info | date=23 August 2004 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aankhon-aankhon-mein/id514428571?i=514428575|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003061028/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aankhon-aankhon-mein/id514428571?i=514428575|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=14 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''Silence Please... The Dressing Room''
| "Phir Se Khelenge"
| [[Jawahar Wattal]]
| Anmol Saxena
|
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Phir Se Khelenge song info|url=http://mio.to/album/Silence+Please...The+Dressing+Room+%282004%29|publisher=Music India Online|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=4 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141104174937/http://mio.to/album/Silence+Please...The+Dressing+Room+(2004)|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Taarzan: The Wonder Car]]''
| "O Lala Re"
| Himesh Reshammiya
| Sameer
| [[Alka Yagnik]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=O Lala Re song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/taarzan-the-wonder-car-2004-o-lala-re-5|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140917195627/http://myswar.com/song_details/taarzan-the-wonder-car-2004-o-lala-re-5|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 September 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Thoda Tum Badlo Thoda Hum]]''
| "No Tension"
|rowspan="2"| Amar Mohile
|rowspan="2"| [[Nida Fazli]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=No Tension song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Thoda-Tum-Badlo-Thoda-Hum/No-Tension/RwMIYxhpU3Q|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Uff Yuh Ma"
| [[Asha Bhosle]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Uff Yuh Ma song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Thoda-Tum-Badlo-Thoda-Hum/Uff-Yuh-Ma/J14sSDh1Q1A|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''Uuf Kya Jaadoo Mohabbat Hai''
| "Dekar Dil"
| [[Sandesh Shandilya]]
| [[Mehboob Kotwal]]
| [[Vinod Rathod]], Sunidhi Chauhan, Runa
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Dekar Dil song info|url=http://mio.to/album/Uuf+Kya+Jaadoo+Mohabbat+Hai+%282004%29|publisher=Music India Online|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=20 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141020150319/http://mio.to/album/Uuf+Kya+Jaadoo+Mohabbat+Hai+(2004)|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="4"| ''Hum Jo Kehna Paaye''
| "Dil Ko Kabhi Na Roko"
| rowspan="4" | Uttam Singh
|
|
|<ref name="Hum Jo Kehna Paaye Tracklisting">{{cite web |title=Hum Jo Kehna Paaye Tracklisting |url=https://muvyz.com/moviepage/du479026/songs/|publisher=muvyz}}</ref>
|-
|-
| "Kya Hai Mohabbat"
|
|| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref name="Hum Jo Kehna Paaye Tracklisting"/>
|-
| "Hum Jo Kehna Paaye"
|
|| [[Shankar Mahadevan]]
|<ref name="Hum Jo Kehna Paaye Tracklisting"/>
|}

=== 2005 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Aashiq Banaya Aapne]]''
| "Dilnashin Dilnashin"
|rowspan="3"| [[Himesh Reshammiya]]
|rowspan="4"| [[Sameer (lyricist)|Sameer]]
|rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dilnashin Dilnashin song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dilnashin-dilnashin/id514523974?i=514523989 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016012854/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dilnashin-dilnashin/id514523974?i=514523989 |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 October 2014 |publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Dilnashin Dilnashin" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dilnashin Dilnashin (Remix) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/dilnashin-dilnashin-remix/id514523974?i=514523992|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013009/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/dilnashin-dilnashin-remix/id514523974?i=514523992|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Anjaane (2005 film)|Anjaane]]''
| "Soni Re"
|rowspan="2"| [[Sapna Mukherjee]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Soni Re song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/soni-re-from-anjaane/id777658410?i=777658434|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012910/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/soni-re-from-anjaane/id777658410?i=777658434|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Chocolate (2005 film)|Chocolate]]''
| "Zahreeli Raatein"
| [[Pritam]]
| Praveen Bharadwaj
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Zahreeli Raatein song info | date=23 July 2005 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/zahreeli-raatein/id514517769?i=514517865 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012814/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/zahreeli-raatein/id514517769?i=514517865 |url-status=dead |archive-date=8 December 2014 |publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Dus]]''
| "Dus Bahane"
| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
| Panchhi Jalonvi
| [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dus Bahane song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dus-bahane/id514577216?i=514577225|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012824/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dus-bahane/id514577216?i=514577225|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Ek Ajnabee]]''
| "Soniye"
|rowspan="2"| Amar Mohile
|rowspan="4"| Sameer
|rowspan="4"| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Soniye song info | date=17 November 2005 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/soniye/id514521959?i=514521966|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012933/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/soniye/id514521959?i=514521966|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Soniye" (Mix N Match Remix)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Soniye (Mix N Match) song info | date=17 November 2005 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/soniye-mix-n-match/id514521959?i=514522249|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012907/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/soniye-mix-n-match/id514521959?i=514522249|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Elaan (2005 film)|Elaan]]''
| "Dil Mein Hulchul"
| [[Anu Malik]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Dil Mein Hulchul song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/elaan-2005-dil-mein-hulchul-4|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140918061114/http://myswar.com/song_details/elaan-2005-dil-mein-hulchul-4|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 September 2014|publisher=MySwar|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Garam Masala (2005 film)|Garam Masala]]''
| "Dill Samander"
| Pritam
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dill Samander song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dill-samander/id214343685?i=214343708|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141202183318/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dill-samander/id214343685?i=214343708|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Home Delivery]]''
| "Chand Ki Roshni"
| Vishal–Shekhar
| [[Vishal Dadlani]]
|rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Chand Ki Roshni song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/chand-ki-roshni/id514521224?i=514521397|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012837/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/chand-ki-roshni/id514521224?i=514521397|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Iqbal (film)|Iqbal]]''
| "Aashayein" (Slow Version)
|rowspan="2"| [[Salim–Sulaiman]]
|rowspan="2"| Irfan Siddiqui
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Aashayein (Slow) song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/iqbal-2005-aashayein-slow-3|publisher=MySwar|access-date=18 September 2014|archive-date=16 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150616032513/http://myswar.com/song_details/iqbal-2005-aashayein-slow-3|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| "Aashayein"
| [[Salim–Sulaiman|Salim Merchant]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Aashayein song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/iqbal-2005-aashayein-2|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140918061059/http://myswar.com/song_details/iqbal-2005-aashayein-2|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 September 2014|publisher=MySwar|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Mutthi Mein Aasman"
| Kedar-Sarosh
| Vimal Kashyap
|
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Mutthi Mein Aasman song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/iqbal-2005-mutthi-mein-aasman-7|publisher=MySwar|access-date=18 September 2014|archive-date=30 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140430014940/http://myswar.com/song_details/iqbal-2005-mutthi-mein-aasman-7|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''Jackpot''
| "Mehbooba"
| [[Dhrubajyoti Phukan]]
| Sham Balkan
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mehbooba song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/#!/s/song/hindi/Jackpot/Mehbooba/JiwCXQREeAE |publisher=[[Saavn]] |access-date=20 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921175103/http://www.saavn.com/s/#!/s/song/hindi/Jackpot/Mehbooba/JiwCXQREeAE |archive-date=21 September 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Jurm (2005 film)|Jurm]]''
| "Rabba Rabba"
| [[Anand Raaj Anand]]
| Dev Kohli
| [[Gayatri Ganjawala]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Rabba Rabba song info |date = 30 December 2004|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/rabba-rabba/673685782?i=673685822|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Kyaa Kool Hai Hum]]''
| "Kyaa Kool Hai Hum"
|rowspan="2"| Anu Malik
|rowspan="2"| Sameer
|rowspan="2"| [[Kunal Ganjawala]], Anu Malik
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kyaa Kool Hai Hum song info | date=17 March 2005 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kyaa-kool-hai-hum/id514512533?i=514512540|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012948/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kyaa-kool-hai-hum/id514512533?i=514512540|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Kyaa Kool Hai Hum" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kyaa Kool Hai Hum (Remix) song info | date=17 March 2005 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kyaa-kool-hai-hum-remix/id514512533?i=514512549|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3" | ''[[Mumbai Xpress]]''
| "Aila Re" (Version 1)
|rowspan="3" | [[Ilaiyaraaja]]
|rowspan="3" | Dev Kohli
|rowspan="2" | Sunidhi Chauhan, [[Sonu Nigam]], Shreya Ghoshal, Shaan
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Aila Re 1 song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/mumbai-express-2005-aila-re-1|publisher=MySwar|access-date=18 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303204628/http://myswar.com/song_details/mumbai-express-2005-aila-re-1|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| "Aila Re" (Version 2)
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Aila Re 2 song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/mumbai-express-2005-aila-re-2-2|publisher=MySwar|access-date=18 September 2014|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063552/http://myswar.com/song_details/mumbai-express-2005-aila-re-2-2|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| "Bander Ki Dug Dugi"
| Sunidhi Chauhan, Sonu Nigam, Shaan
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Bander Ki Dug Dugi song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/mumbai-express-2005-bander-ki-dug-dugi-3|publisher=MySwar|access-date=18 September 2014|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000529/http://myswar.com/song_details/mumbai-express-2005-bander-ki-dug-dugi-3|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[My Brother…Nikhil]]''
| "Le Chale"
| Vivek Philip
| Amitabh Verma
|rowspan="3" |
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Le Chale song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/my-brother-nikhil-2005-le-chale-2-3|publisher=MySwar|access-date=18 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303222954/http://myswar.com/song_details/my-brother-nikhil-2005-le-chale-2-3|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2" | ''[[Nazar (2005 film)|Nazar]]''
| "Nazar Nazar"
|rowspan="2" | Anu Malik
|rowspan="2" | [[Sayeed Quadri]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Nazar Nazar song info | date=23 April 2005 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/nazar-nazar/id514518044?i=514518094|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Nazar Nazar" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Nazar Nazar (Remix) song info | date=23 April 2005 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/nazar-nazar-remix/id514518044?i=514518095|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012846/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/nazar-nazar-remix/id514518044?i=514518095|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2" | ''[[Neal 'n' Nikki]]''
| "Neal ‘n’ Nikki"
|rowspan="2" | Salim–Sulaiman
|rowspan="2" | [[Anvita Dutt Guptan]]
|rowspan="2" | [[Shweta Pandit]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Neal 'n' Nikki song info |date = 2 November 2005|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/neal-n-nikki/673609965?i=673610114|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "N 'n' N" (The Naughty Mix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=N 'n' N (The Naughty Mix) song info |date = 2 November 2005|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/n-n-n-the-naughty-mix/673609965?i=673610127|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2" | ''[[No Entry]]''
| "Ishq Mein"
|rowspan="2" | Anu Malik
|rowspan="2" | Sameer
| [[Alisha Chinai]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ishq Mein song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ishq-mein/id493164444?i=493164772|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Dil Paagal Hai"
| [[Kumar Sanu]], [[Alka Yagnik]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dil Paagal Hai song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dil-paagal-hai/id493164444?i=493164775|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012912/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dil-paagal-hai/id493164444?i=493164775|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Padmashree Laloo Prasad Yadav]]''
| "Padmashree Laloo Prasad Yadav"
|colspan="2"| Nitin Raikwar
| [[Vinod Rathod]], Nitin Raikwar
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Padmashree Laloo Prasad Yadav song info |date = January 2004|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/padmashree-laloo-prasad-yadav/363126741?i=363126844|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Rog]]''
| "Guzar Na Jaye"
|rowspan="3"| M.M. Kreem
|rowspan="2"| [[Neelesh Misra]]
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Guzar Na Jaye song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/guzar-na-jaye/id904606119?i=904606315|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Maine Dil Se Kaha"
|rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Maine Dil Se Kaha song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/maine-dil-se-kaha/id904606119?i=904606205|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Tere Is Jahan Mein"
|[[Sayeed Quadri]] <ref>{{cite web |title=Rog Music Review |url=https://planetbollywood.com/Music/Rog|publisher=Planet Bollywood}}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tere Is Jahan Mein song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tere-is-jahan-mein/id904606119?i=904606269|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012914/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tere-is-jahan-mein/id904606119?i=904606269|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''Sauda: The Deal''
| "Dhuaan"
| [[Anand–Milind]]
| Praveen Bharadwaj
| [[Sapna Awasthi]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Dhuaan song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/sauda-the-deal-2005-dhuaan-3|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140918084320/http://myswar.com/song_details/sauda-the-deal-2005-dhuaan-3|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 September 2014|publisher=MySwar|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Shikhar (film)|Shikhar]]''
| "Fitna Dil"
|rowspan="3"| Viju Shah
|rowspan="2"| Chandrashekhar Rajit
|rowspan="2"| Sunidhi Chauhan, Udit Narayan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Fitna Dil song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/fitna-dil/id514850959?i=514850963|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204173950/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/fitna-dil/id514850959?i=514850963|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Fitna Dil" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Fitna Dil (Remix) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dheere-dheere/id514850959?i=514850964|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Dheere Dheere"
| Manohar Iyer
|rowspan="4"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dheere Dheere song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dheere-dheere/id514850959?i=514850964|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Socha Na Tha ]]''
| "Main Seedhey Saade Dhang Se"
| [[Sandesh Shandilya]]
| [[Irshad Kamil]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Main Seedhey Saade Dhang Se song info | date=10 November 2004 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/main-seedhey-saade-dhang-se/id514448066?i=514448176|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208012925/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/main-seedhey-saade-dhang-se/id514448066?i=514448176|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''Tezaab – The Acid of Love''
| "Kaash Yeh Pyar Na Hota"
| [[Roop Kumar Rathod]]
| Shakeel Azmi
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Kaash Yeh Pyar Na Hota song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/tezaab-2006-kaash-yeh-pyaar-na-hota-3|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140918084332/http://myswar.com/song_details/tezaab-2006-kaash-yeh-pyaar-na-hota-3|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 September 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[U, Bomsi n Me]]''
| "Halki Halki"
| Deepak Pandit
| Manoj Muntashir
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Halki Halki song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/U-Bomsi-N-Me/Halki-Halki---Male/Ji4MaB5KQAE|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Vaah! Life Ho Toh Aisi!]]''
| "Teri Yaad...Yaad"
|rowspan="2"| Himesh Reshammiya
|rowspan="2"| Sameer
|rowspan="2"| Jayesh Gandhi
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Teri Yaad…Yaad song info | date=23 December 2005 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/teri-yaad...yaad/id566153368?i=566153435|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Teri Yaad...Yaad" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Teri Yaad…Yaad (Remix) song info | date=23 December 2005 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/teri-yaad...yaad-remix/id566153368?i=566153440|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Zeher]]''
| "Aye Bekhabar"
| Roop Kumar Rathod
| Shakeel Azmi
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Aye Bekhabar song info | date=25 February 2005 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aye-bekhabar/id898441233?i=898441269|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 2006 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Aap Ki Khatir (2006 film)|Aap Ki Khatir]]''
| "I Love You for What You Are"
|rowspan="10"| [[Himesh Reshammiya]]
|rowspan="2"| [[Sameer (lyricist)|Sameer]]
|rowspan="2"| [[Alisha Chinai]], [[Kunal Ganjawala]], Jayesh Gandhi
|<ref>{{cite web |title=I Love You for What You Are song info | date=31 July 2006 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/i-love-you-for-what-you-are/id275730897?i=275730908|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "I Love You for What You Are" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=I Love You for (Remix) song info | date=31 July 2006 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/i-love-you-for-what-you-are/id275730897?i=275730957|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="4"| ''[[Ahista Ahista (2006 film)|Ahista Ahista]]''
| "Ishq Ne Tere"
|rowspan="4"| [[Irshad Kamil]]
|rowspan="2"| Jayesh Gandhi
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ishq Ne Tere song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/ishq-ne-tere/id514542323?i=514542526|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Ishq Ne Tere" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ishq Ne Tere (Remix) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/ishq-ne-tere-remix/id514542323?i=514542687|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Tanha Tere Bagair"
|rowspan="4"| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tanha Tere Bagair song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/tanha-tere-bagair/id514542323?i=514542528|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018151107/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/tanha-tere-bagair/id514542323?i=514542528|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Tanha Tere Bagair" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tanha Tere Bagair (Remix) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/tanha-tere-bagair-remix/id514542323?i=514542703|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Aksar]]''
| "Soniye"
|rowspan="4"| Sameer
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Soniye song info | date=21 December 2005 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/soniye/id514536733?i=514537183|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Soniye" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Soniye (Remix) song info | date=21 December 2005 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/soniye-remix/id514536733?i=514536745|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018144550/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/soniye-remix/id514536733?i=514536745|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Anthony Kaun Hai?]]''
| "No Way! No Way!"
|rowspan="2"| Himesh Reshammiya
|<ref>{{cite web |title=No Way! No Way! song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/no-way!-no-way!/id514542127?i=514542520|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018151208/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/no-way!-no-way!/id514542127?i=514542520|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "No Way! No Way!" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=No Way! No Way! (Remix) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/no-way!-no-way!-remix/id514542127?i=514542524|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Ankahee (2006 film)|Ankahee]]''
| "Ek Pal Ke Liye"
| [[Pritam]]
| Amitabh Verma
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ek Pal Ke Liye song info | date=25 March 2006 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/ek-pal-ke-liye/id514536486?i=514536895|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Aparichit (2006 film)|Aparichit - The Stranger]]''
| "Chori Hai"
| [[Harris Jayaraj]]
| [[Mehboob Kotwal]]
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Chori Hai song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Aparichit_-_The_Stranger/Chori_Hai/F0VSSEB8YWE |publisher=[[Saavn]] |access-date=27 July 2013}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="6"| ''[[Bas Ek Pal]]''
| "Bas Ek Pal"
|rowspan="2"| [[Mithoon]]
|rowspan="6"| Amitabh Verma
|rowspan="2"| [[Dominique Cerejo]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Bas Ek Pal song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/bas-ek-pal/id478877337?i=478877368|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Bas Ek Pal" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Bas Ek Pal (Remix) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/bas-ek-pal-remix/id478877337?i=478877469|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018145455/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/bas-ek-pal-remix/id478877337?i=478877469|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Zindagi Hosh Main"
|rowspan="3"| Vivek Philip
| [[Zubeen Garg]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Zindagi Hosh Main song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/zindagi-hosh-main/id478877337?i=478877356|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018151046/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/zindagi-hosh-main/id478877337?i=478877356|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Ashq Bhi Muskuraye"
|rowspan="7"| Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ashq Bhi Muskuraye song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/ashq-bhi-muskuraye/id478877337?i=478877403|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018151620/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/ashq-bhi-muskuraye/id478877337?i=478877403|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Dheemey Dheemey"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Hai Ishq Ye Kya Ek Khata song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/hai-ishq-ye-kya-ek-khata/id478877337?i=478877350|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018145043/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/hai-ishq-ye-kya-ek-khata/id478877337?i=478877350|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Hai Ishq Ye Kya Ek Khata"
|rowspan="3"| Pritam
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dheemey Dheemey song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/dheemey-dheemey/id478877337?i=478877468|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Bhagam Bhag]]''
| "Afreen"
|rowspan="5"| Sameer
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Afreen song info | date=18 November 2006 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/afreen/id510132283?i=510132549|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018144935/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/afreen/id510132283?i=510132549|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Afreen" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Afreen (Remix) song info | date=18 November 2006 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/afreen-remix/id510132283?i=510132560|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018151320/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/afreen-remix/id510132283?i=510132560|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Chup Chup Ke]]''
| "Ghoomar"
|rowspan="2"| Himesh Reshammiya
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ghoomar song info | date=18 May 2006 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/ghoomar/id514558019?i=514558026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018144729/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/ghoomar/id514558019?i=514558026|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Ghoomar" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ghoomar (Remix) song info | date=18 May 2006 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/ghoomar-remix/id514558019?i=514558321|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018230914/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/ghoomar-remix/id514558019?i=514558321|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Dhoom 2]]''
| "Touch Me"
|rowspan="7"| Pritam
| Alisha Chinai
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Touch Me song info |date = 19 October 2006|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/touch-me/673572916?i=673572928|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Fight Club – Members Only]]''
| "Yeh Khuda"
|rowspan="2"| [[Mayur Puri]]
|rowspan="5"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Yeh Khuda song info | date=27 December 2005 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/yeh-khuda/id514552093?i=514552099|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018151129/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/yeh-khuda/id514552093?i=514552099|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Yeh Khuda" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Yeh Khuda (Remix) song info | date=27 December 2005 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/yeh-khuda-remix/id514552093?i=514552104|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018151024/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/yeh-khuda-remix/id514552093?i=514552104|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="4"| ''[[Gangster: A Love Story|Gangster]]''
| "Tu Hi Meri Shab Hai"
|rowspan="4"| [[Sayeed Quadri]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tu Hi Meri Shab Hai song info | date=December 2006 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/tu-hi-meri-shab-hai/id849545842?i=849545874|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Tu Hi Meri Shab Hai" (Version 1)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tu Hi Meri Shab Hai – 1 song info | date=December 2006 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/tu-hi-meri-shab-hai-version-1/id849545842?i=849549970|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018144722/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/tu-hi-meri-shab-hai-version-1/id849545842?i=849549970|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Tu Hi Meri Shab Hai" (Version 2)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tu Hi Meri Shab Hai – 2 song info | date=December 2006 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/tu-hi-meri-shab-hai-version-2/id849545842?i=849549991|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Ya Ali" (Remix)
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Golmaal: Fun Unlimited]]''
| "Golmaal" (Version 2)
| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
| [[Kumaar]]
| [[Vishal Dadlani]], [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]]
| |<ref>{{cite web|title=Golmaal (Version 2) song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/golmaal-2006-golmaal-2-7|publisher=MySwar|access-date=18 September 2014|archive-date=2 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141002223826/http://myswar.com/song_details/golmaal-2006-golmaal-2-7|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Humko Deewana Kar Gaye]]''
| "Fanah"
|rowspan="2"| [[Anu Malik]]
|rowspan="2"| Sameer
|rowspan="2"| Anu Malik
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Fanah song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/fanah/id514556696?i=514556805|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Fanah" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Fanah (Remix) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/fanah-remix-by-dj-akbar-sami/id514556696?i=514556823|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018144651/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/fanah-remix-by-dj-akbar-sami/id514556696?i=514556823|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Jawani Diwani: A Youthful Joyride]]''
| "Jiska Mujhe Intezaar"
| [[Sajid–Wajid]]
| Shabbir Ahmed
| [[Suzanne D'Mello]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jiska Mujhe Intezaar song info | date=25 November 2005 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/jiska-mujhe-intezaar/id514550275?i=514550293|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Kabul Express]]''
| "Banjar" (Revisited Version)
| [[Raghav Sachar]]
| Aditya Dhar
|rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Banjar (Revisited) song info |date = 5 December 2006|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/banjar-revisited/673687444?i=673687479|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Kachchi Sadak]]''
| "Kachchi Sadak"
| [[Uttam Singh]]
| Prabha Thakur
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kachchi Sadak song info |url=http://play.raaga.com/hindi/album/kachchi-sadak-h001086|website=[[Raaga.com]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''Mr. Khulji''
| "Kool Baby Kool"
| Prem Paras
| Anwar Khan
| Rajesh Mishra, Tarannum Malik
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kool Baby Kool song info |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/musicreview/id/504765|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140212041552/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/musicreview/id/504765|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 February 2014|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Naksha]]''
| "U & I (Let's Do Balle Balle)"
| Pritam
| Sameer
| Pritam
|<ref>{{cite web |title=U & I (Let's Do Balle Balle) song info | date=24 July 2006 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/u-i-lets-do-balle-balle-pt.-2/id840801036?i=840801060|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013248/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/u-i-lets-do-balle-balle-pt.-2/id840801036?i=840801060|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Taxi No. 9211]]''
| "Ek Nazar Mein Bhi"
| Vishal–Shekhar
| Vishal Dadlani
| Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Ek Nazar Mein Bhi song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/taxi-number-9211-2006-ek-nazar-mein-bhi-5|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014|archive-date=2 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141002223824/http://myswar.com/song_details/taxi-number-9211-2006-ek-nazar-mein-bhi-5|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[The Killer (2006 film)|The Killer]]''
| "O Sanam"
|rowspan="3"| Sajid–Wajid
|rowspan="4"| [[Jalees Sherwani]]
|rowspan="3"| Shreya Ghoshal
|<ref name="O Sanam">{{cite web |title=O Sanam song info |url=http://www.dhingana.com/o-sanam-song-the-killer-hindi-latest-3eec7d1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131009173343/http://www.dhingana.com/o-sanam-song-the-killer-hindi-latest-3eec7d1 |url-status=usurped |archive-date=9 October 2013 |publisher=[[Dhingana]] |access-date=27 July 2013}}</ref>
|-
| "Teri Yaadon Mein"
|<ref name="Teri Yaadon Mein">{{cite web |title=Teri Yaadon Mein song info |url=http://www.dhingana.com/teri-yaadon-mein-song-the-killer-hindi-latest-21ec7d1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514043135/http://www.dhingana.com/teri-yaadon-mein-song-the-killer-hindi-latest-21ec7d1 |url-status=usurped |archive-date=14 May 2012 |publisher=[[Dhingana]] |access-date=27 July 2013}}</ref>
|-
| "Teri Yadoon Mein" (Remix Version)
|<ref name="Teri Yadoon Mein (Remix)">{{cite web |title=Teri Yadoon Mein (Remix) song info |url=http://www.dhingana.com/teri-yadoon-mein-remix-song-the-killer-hindi-latest-31ec7d1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014120103/http://www.dhingana.com/teri-yadoon-mein-remix-song-the-killer-hindi-latest-31ec7d1 |url-status=usurped |archive-date=14 October 2013 |publisher=[[Dhingana]] |access-date=27 July 2013}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''We R Friends''
| "Holiday Holiday"
| [[Anand–Milind]]
|rowspan="3"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Holiday Holiday song info |date=January 2001|url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/We-R-Friends/Holiday-Holiday/Ch87ADsEBlo|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Woh Lamhe...]]''
| "Kya Mujhe Pyaar Hai"
|rowspan="2"| Pritam
|rowspan="2"| [[Neelesh Misra]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kya Mujhe Pyaar Hai song info |url=https://music.apple.com/us/song/kya-mujhe-pyaar-hai/1136363098 |access-date=17 October 2014 |publisher=[[iTunes]]}}</ref>
|-
| "Kya Mujhe Pyaar Hai" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kya Mujhe Pyaar Hai (Remix) song info |url=https://music.apple.com/us/song/kya-mujhe-pyar-hai-remix/1136363173 |access-date=17 October 2014 |publisher=[[iTunes]]}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[36 China Town]]''
| "Badi Dilchaspi Hai"
| rowspan="2"|[[Himesh Reshammiya]]
| rowspan="2"|[[Sameer Anjaan]]
|
|<ref>[http://mymp3song.org/filedownload/208/badi_dilchaspi_hai Badi Dilchaspi Hai]mymp3song.org {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107045046/http://mymp3song.org/filedownload/208/badi_dilchaspi_hai |date=7 January 2018 }}</ref>
|-
|"Badi Dilchaspi Hai-Remix"
|
|<ref>[https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/36-China-Town/Badi-Dilchaspi-Hai-Remix/PCQkBAJaQgI Badi Dilchaspi Hai-Remix]saavn.com {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170915161024/https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/36-China-Town/Badi-Dilchaspi-Hai-Remix/PCQkBAJaQgI |date=15 September 2017 }}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 2007 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="5"| ''[[Bhool Bhulaiyaa]]''
| "Allah Hafiz"
|rowspan="5"| [[Pritam]]
|rowspan="5"| [[Sameer (lyricist)|Sameer & Sayeed Quadri]]
|rowspan="5"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Allah Hafiz song info |date = 5 September 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/allah-hafiz/id510375853?i=510376294|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013214/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/allah-hafiz/id510375853?i=510376294|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Labon Ko"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Labon Ko song info |date = 5 September 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/labon-ko/id510375853?i=510375948|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Labon Ko" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Labon Ko (Remix) song info | date=5 September 2007 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/labon-ko-remix/id510375853?i=510376490|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013450/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/labon-ko-remix/id510375853?i=510376490|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Sajda"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sajda song info |date = 5 September 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/sajda/id510375853?i=510376007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013221/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/sajda/id510375853?i=510376007|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Sajda" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sajda (Remix) song info |date = 5 September 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/sajda-remix/id510375853?i=510376486|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013325/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/sajda-remix/id510375853?i=510376486|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Chain Kulii Ki Main Kulii]]''
| "Khula Aasman"
|rowspan="2"| [[Salim–Sulaiman]]
| Irfan Siddiqui
| [[Salim–Sulaiman|Salim Merchant]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Khula Aasman song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/khulla-asmaan-original/id848618012?i=848618420|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013359/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/khulla-asmaan-original/id848618012?i=848618420|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Chak De! India]]''
| "Ek Hockey Doongi Rakh Ke"
| [[Jaideep Sahni]]
| [[Shah Rukh Khan]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ek Hockey Doongi Rakh Ke song info |date = August 2007|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/ek-hockey-doongi-rakh-ke/673547581?i=673547588|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Dhokha]]''
| "Kab Tujhe"
|rowspan="2"| [[M.M. Kreem]]
| [[Sayeed Quadri]]
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kab Tujhe song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kab-tujhe/id845742645?i=845745898|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013219/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kab-tujhe/id845742645?i=845745898|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
| "Anjana" (Version 1)
| Shakeel Azmi
|rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Anjana song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/anjana-pt.-1/id845742645?i=845745884|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013342/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/anjana-pt.-1/id845742645?i=845745884|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="5"| ''[[Dus Kahaniyaan]]''
| "Bin Tum"
|rowspan="5"| [[Anand Raj Anand]]
|rowspan="5"| Panchhi Jalonvi
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Bin Tum song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Dus-Kahaniyaan/Bin-Tum/QhokQi1ZZFo|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Dus"
|rowspan="2"| Anchal Datta Bhatia
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dus song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Dus-Kahaniyaan/Dus/PgNTcD9FXwY|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Dus Kahaniyaan" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dus Kahaniyaan (Remix) song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Dus-Kahaniyaan/Dus-Kahaniyaan-Remix/GQoudSIHA2o|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "O Maahiya"
|rowspan="2"| Shweta Vijay
|<ref>{{cite web |title=O Maahiya song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Dus-Kahaniyaan/O-Mahiyaa/RwslZkFqeEA|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "O Maahiya" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=O Maahiya (Remix) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/o-maahiya-remix/id267072992?i=267073710|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''Game''
| "Bheege Naina"
| [[Bapi–Tutul]]
| [[Sandeep Nath]]
|rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Bheege Naina song info |date = January 2006|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/bheege-naina/425535286?i=425535327|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Hattrick (film)|Hattrick]]''
| "Ek Pal Mein"
| Pritam
| [[Mayur Puri]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Ek Pal Mein song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/hattrick-2007-ek-pal-mein-1|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231530/http://myswar.com/song_details/hattrick-2007-ek-pal-mein-1|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Jhoom Barabar Jhoom]]''
| "Jhoom Barabar Jhoom"
| [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
| [[Gulzar]]
| [[Sukhwinder Singh]], [[Mahalakshmi Iyer]], [[Shankar Mahadevan]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jhoom Barabar Jhoom song info |date = 15 May 2007|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/jhoom-barabar-jhoom/673579994?i=673580031|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Laaga Chunari Mein Daag]]''
| "Ik Teekhi Teekhi Si Ladki"
|rowspan="2"| [[Shantanu Moitra]]
|rowspan="2"| [[Swanand Kirkire]]
| Shreya Ghoshal
|<ref name="Ik Teekhi Teekhi Si Ladki">{{cite web |title=Ik Teekhi Teekhi Si Ladki song info |date=6 September 2007 |url=https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Laaga_Chunari_Mein_Daag_-_Journey_Of_A_Woman/Ik_Teekhi_Teekhi_Si_Ladki/QlApVCNxUng |publisher=[[Saavn]] |access-date=28 July 2013}}</ref>
|-
| "Kachchi Kaliyaan"
| [[Sonu Nigam]], [[Sunidhi Chauhan]], Shreya Ghoshal
|<ref name="Kachchi Kaliyaan">{{cite web |title=Kachchi Kaliyaan song info |date=6 September 2007 |url=https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Laaga_Chunari_Mein_Daag_-_Journey_Of_A_Woman/Kachchi_Kaliyaan/N1hYcwdoXFI |publisher=[[Saavn]] |access-date=28 July 2013}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Life Mein Kabhie Kabhiee]]''
| "Hum Tum Hum Tum"
| [[Jatin–Lalit|Lalit Pandit]]
| Sameer
| [[Gayatri Ganjawala]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Hum Tum Hum Tum song info |date = 15 February 2013|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/hum-tum-hum-tum/id603357924?i=603358157|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Life in a... Metro]]''
| "Alvida"
|rowspan="3"| Pritam
|rowspan="3"| Amitabh Verma
|rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Alvida song info |date = 21 August 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/alvida/id302523807?i=302523877|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013145/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/alvida/id302523807?i=302523877|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "O Meri Jaan"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=O Meri Jaan song info |date = 21 August 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/o-meri-jaan/id302523807?i=302523881|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013509/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/o-meri-jaan/id302523807?i=302523881|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
| "O Meri Jaan" (Reprise)
| Suhail Kaul
|
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[MP3: Mera Pehla Pehla Pyaar]]''
| "Mera Pehla Pehla Pyaar"
|rowspan="2"| [[Ashutosh Phatak]], Dhruv Ghanekar
|rowspan="2"| Vipin Mishra
|rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mera Pehla Pehla Pyaar song info |date = 12 May 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/mera-pehla-pehla-pyaar/id510931698?i=510931821|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013245/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/mera-pehla-pehla-pyaar/id510931698?i=510931821|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Mera Pehla Pehla Pyaar" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mera Pehla Pehla Pyaar (Remix) song info |date = 12 May 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mera-pehla-pehla-pyaar-remix/id510931698?i=510931827|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013226/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mera-pehla-pehla-pyaar-remix/id510931698?i=510931827|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Nehlle Pe Dehlla]]''
| "Parvar Digara"
|rowspan="2"| Pritam
|rowspan="2"| Panchhi Jalonvi
|rowspan="2"| [[Tulsi Kumar]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Parvar Digara song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/parvar-digara/id510138912?i=510138920|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013444/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/parvar-digara/id510138912?i=510138920|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Parvar Digara" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Parvar Digara (Remix) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/parvar-digara-remix/id510138912?i=510138949|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013236/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/parvar-digara-remix/id510138912?i=510138949|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Om Shanti Om]]''
| "Aankhon Mein Teri"
| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
| [[Javed Akhtar]]
|rowspan="8"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Aankhon Mein Teri song info |date = 18 September 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aankhon-mein-teri/id510922265?i=510922362|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141204194002/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aankhon-mein-teri/id510922265?i=510922362|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Raqeeb]]''
| "Jaane Kaise"
|rowspan="2"| Pritam
|rowspan="2"| Sameer
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jaane Kaise song info |date = 9 April 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jaane-kaise/id510339514?i=510339530|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013149/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jaane-kaise/id510339514?i=510339530|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Jaane Kaise" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jaane Kaise (Remix) song info |date = 9 April 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jaane-kaise-remix/id510339514?i=510339573|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013126/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jaane-kaise-remix/id510339514?i=510339573|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="5"| ''[[Showbiz (film)|Showbiz]]''
| "Duniya Ne Dil Toda"
|rowspan="5"| Lalit Pandit
|rowspan="5"| Sayeed Quadri
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Duniya Ne Dil Toda song info |date = 27 November 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/duniya-ne-dil-toda/id510428371?i=510428502|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013336/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/duniya-ne-dil-toda/id510428371?i=510428502|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Mere Falak Ka Tu Hi Sitara"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mere Palak Ka Tu Hi Sitara song info |date = 27 November 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mere-palak-ka-tu-hi-sitara/id510428371?i=510428499|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013418/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mere-palak-ka-tu-hi-sitara/id510428371?i=510428499|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Mere Falak Ka Tu Hi Sitara" (Unplugged Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mere Palak Ka (Unplugged) song info |date = 27 November 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mere-palak-ka-tu-hi-sitara/id510428371?i=510428531|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013414/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mere-palak-ka-tu-hi-sitara/id510428371?i=510428531|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Tu Mujhse Jab Se Mila Hai"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tu Mujhse Jab Se Mila Hai song info |date = 27 November 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tu-mujhse-jab-se-mila-hai/id510428371?i=510428498|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013412/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tu-mujhse-jab-se-mila-hai/id510428371?i=510428498|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Tu Mujhse Jab Se Mila Hai" (Rap By Earl)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tu Mujhse Jab (Rap By Earl) song info |date = 27 November 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tu-mujhse-jab-se-mila-hai/id510428371?i=510428507|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013152/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tu-mujhse-jab-se-mila-hai/id510428371?i=510428507|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Ta Ra Rum Pum]]''
| "Ab Toh Forever"
| Vishal–Shekhar
| Javed Akhtar
| Shreya Ghoshal, [[Vishal Dadlani]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ab Toh Forever song info |date = 3 April 2007|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/ab-to-forever/673591088?i=673591120|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="5"| ''[[The Train (2007 film)|The Train]]''
| "Beete Lamhein"
|rowspan="5"| [[Mithoon]]
|rowspan="5"| Sayeed Quadri
| Kshitij Tarey
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Beete Lamhein song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/beete-lamhein/id510344093?i=510344105|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141103060448/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/beete-lamhein/id510344093?i=510344105|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 November 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Beete Lamhein" (Lounge Mix Version)
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Beete Lamhein (Lounge Mix) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/beete-lamhein-lounge-mix-goldeyy/id510344093?i=510344160|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013224/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/beete-lamhein-lounge-mix-goldeyy/id510344093?i=510344160|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Teri Tamanna"
|rowspan="3"| [[Shilpa Rao]], [[Zubeen Garg]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Teri Tamanna song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/teri-tamanna/id510344093?i=510344156|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013132/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/teri-tamanna/id510344093?i=510344156|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Teri Tamanna" (Euro Mix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Teri Tamanna (Euro Mix) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/teri-tamanna-euro-mix-goldeyy/id510344093?i=510344169|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013136/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/teri-tamanna-euro-mix-goldeyy/id510344093?i=510344169|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Teri Tamanna" (Club Mix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Teri Tamanna (Club Mix) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/teri-tamanna-club-mix-akbar/id510344093?i=510344166|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013515/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/teri-tamanna-club-mix-akbar/id510344093?i=510344166|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=18 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 2008 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Bachna Ae Haseeno]]''
| "Khuda Jaane"
| rowspan="2"| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Anvita Dutt Guptan]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Shilpa Rao]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Khuda Jaane song info |date = 5 July 2008|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/khuda-jaane/673521054?i=673521359|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Khuda Jaane" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Khuda Jaane (Remix) song info |date = 5 July 2008|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/khuda-jaane-revisited-remixed-by-abhijit-nalani/673521054?i=673521376|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Bhram]]''
| "Lagdaa Naa Lagdaa"
| Siddharth-Suhas
| [[Kumaar]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Lagdaa Naa Lagdaa song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/bhram-2008-lagdaa-naa-lagdaa-2|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035824/http://myswar.com/song_details/bhram-2008-lagdaa-naa-lagdaa-2|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Bombay to Bangkok]]''
| "Same Same But Different"
| rowspan="2"| [[Salim–Sulaiman]]
| rowspan="2"| Mir Ali Husain
| rowspan="2"| [[Lena Christensen]], [[Shreyas Talpade]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Same Same But Different song info |date = 13 December 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/same-same-but-different/id514560705?i=514561214|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013437/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/same-same-but-different/id514560705?i=514561214|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Same Same But Different" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Same But Different (Remix) song info | date=13 December 2007 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/same-same-but-different-remix/id514560705?i=51456121|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011053021/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/same-same-but-different-remix/id514560705?i=51456121|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[C Kkompany]]''
| "Jaane Kya"
| [[Bappi Lahiri]]
| Shabbir Ahmed
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref name="Jaane Kya">{{cite web |title=Jaane Kya song info |date = 22 July 2008|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jaane-kya/id510469456?i=510469538|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140916160256/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jaane-kya/id510469456?i=510469538|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 September 2014|publisher=iTunes|access-date=25 August 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Dashavatar (2008 film)|Dashavatar]]''
| "Bolo Bolo Ramchandra Ki Jai"
| Anand Kurhekar
| [[Sandeep Khare]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Bolo Bolo Ramchandra Ki Jai song info |date = 14 May 2008|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/bolo-bolo-ramchandra-ki-jai/id510452264?i=510452714|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013454/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/bolo-bolo-ramchandra-ki-jai/id510452264?i=510452714|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[De Taali]]''
| "Tooti Phooti"
| Vishal–Shekhar
| [[Vishal Dadlani]]
| [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tooti Phooti song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/tooti-phooti-dhadkone-ki-dekho/id510439008?i=510439346|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013519/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/tooti-phooti-dhadkone-ki-dekho/id510439008?i=510439346|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=14 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Hijack (2008 film)|Hijack]]''
| "Aksar"
| rowspan="3"| Justin-Uday
| rowspan="3"| Kumaar
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Aksar song info |date = 15 September 2008|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aksar/id286865311?i=286865321|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140822111814/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aksar/id286865311?i=286865321|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 August 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Aksar" (Remix Version)
| [[Joi Barua|Joy]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Aksar (Remix) song info |date = 15 September 2008|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aksar-remix/id286865311?i=286865373|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011175249/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aksar-remix/id286865311?i=286865373|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Koi Na Jaane"
| Shilpa Rao
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Koi Na Jaane song info |date = 15 September 2008|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/koi-na-jaane/id286865311?i=286865364|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011175402/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/koi-na-jaane/id286865311?i=286865364|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Jannat (2008 film)|Jannat]]''
| "Haan Tu Hai"
| rowspan="3"| [[Pritam]]
| rowspan="3"| [[Sayeed Quadri]]
| rowspan="6"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Haan Tu Hai song info |date = 29 February 2008|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/haan-tu-hain/299583022?i=299583030|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Zara Sa"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Zara Sa song info |date = 29 February 2008|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/zara-sa/299583022?i=299583026|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Zara Sa" (Power Ballad Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Zara Sa (Power Ballad) song info |date = 29 February 2008|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/zara-sa-power-ballad/299583022?i=299583043|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Khushboo (2008 film)|Khushboo]]''
| "Paake Tujhe"
| rowspan="2"| [[Adnan Sami]]
| rowspan="5"| [[Javed Akhtar]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Paake Tujhe song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/khushboo-2008-paake-tujhe-6|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=2 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141002223751/http://myswar.com/song_details/khushboo-2008-paake-tujhe-6|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| "Paake Tujhe" (Lovers Mix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Paake Tujhe (Lovers Mix) song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/khushboo-2008-paake-tujhe-lovers-mix-eric-pillai-10|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=2 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141002223753/http://myswar.com/song_details/khushboo-2008-paake-tujhe-lovers-mix-eric-pillai-10|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Love Story 2050]]''
| "Aa Gaya Hun Mein"
| rowspan="3"| [[Anu Malik]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Aa Gaya Hun Mein song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aa-gaya-hun-mein/id527731066?i=527731137|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011162135/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aa-gaya-hun-mein/id527731066?i=527731137|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Meelon Ka Jaisa Tha Fasla" (Happy Version)
| rowspan="2"| [[Alka Yagnik]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Meelon Ka Jaisa (Happy) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/meelon-ka-jaisa-tha-fasla/id527731066?i=527731146|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011161952/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/meelon-ka-jaisa-tha-fasla/id527731066?i=527731146|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Meelon Ka Jaisa Tha Fasla" (Sad Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Meelon Ka Jaisa (Sad) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/meelon-ka-jaisa-tha-fasla/id527731066?i=527731144|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011053105/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/meelon-ka-jaisa-tha-fasla/id527731066?i=527731144|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Mukhbiir]]''
| "Tu Salaamat"
| rowspan="1"| Pritam
| P.K. Mishra, Iqbal Patni
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tu Salaamat song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tu-salaamat/id299586260?i=299586410|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011162435/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tu-salaamat/id299586260?i=299586410|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[My Name Is Anthony Gonsalves (film)|My Name is Anthony Gonsalves]]''
| "Allah Beley"
|[[Sachin–Jigar]]<ref name="My Name is Anthony Gonsalves Music">{{cite web |title=My Name is Anthony Gonsalves Music|url=https://mio.to/album/My+Name+Is+Anthony+Gonsalves+%282007%29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140914064448/http://mio.to/album/My+Name+Is+Anthony+Gonsalves+%282007%29|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 September 2014|publisher=Music India Online}}</ref>
| rowspan="6"| [[Sameer (lyricist)|Sameer]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Allah Beley song info |date = 20 December 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/allah-beley/id514560458?i=514560512|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011173125/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/allah-beley/id514560458?i=514560512|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Tum Mile"
|rowspan="2"|[[Himesh Reshammiya]] <ref name="My Name is Anthony Gonsalves Music"/>
| rowspan="2"| Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tum Mile song info |date = 20 December 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tum-mile/id514560458?i=514560495|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011055113/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tum-mile/id514560458?i=514560495|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Tum Mile" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tum Mile (Remix) song info |date = 20 December 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tum-mile-remix/id514560458?i=514560497|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011175416/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tum-mile-remix/id514560458?i=514560497|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Race (2008 film)|Race]]''
| "Dekho Nashe Mein"
| rowspan="3"| Pritam
| rowspan="3"| Shaan, Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dekho Nashe Mein song info |date = 21 March 2008|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dekho-nashe-mein/id474905407?i=474906476|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011052947/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dekho-nashe-mein/id474905407?i=474906476|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Dekho Nashe Mein" (Asian RnB Mix)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dekho Nashe Mein – 1 song info |date = 21 March 2008|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dekho-nashe-mein-asian-rnb-mix/id474905407?i=474906570|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011172950/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dekho-nashe-mein-asian-rnb-mix/id474905407?i=474906570|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Dekho Nashe Mein" (Latin Feista Mix)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dekho Nashe Mein – 2 song info |date = 21 March 2008|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dekho-nashe-mein-latin-fiesta/id474905407?i=474906572|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011125804/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dekho-nashe-mein-latin-fiesta/id474905407?i=474906572|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"|''Rafoo Chakkar''
| "Khuda Hafez"
| rowspan=3|Siddharth-Suhas
| Salim Bijnori
| Shaan
|
|-
! scope="row" rowspan=2| ''[[Rama Rama Kya Hai Dramaa?]]''
| "Dekha Tujhe Sau Martaba"
| rowspan="2"| Kumaar
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dekha Tujhe Sau Martaba song info |date = 2 November 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dekha-tujhe-sau-martaba/id510433575?i=510433745|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011053052/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dekha-tujhe-sau-martaba/id510433575?i=510433745|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Dekha Tujhe Sau Martaba"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dekha Tujhe Sau Martaba song info |date = 2 November 2007|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dekha-tujhe-sau-martaba-remix/id510433575?i=510433813|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011173058/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dekha-tujhe-sau-martaba-remix/id510433575?i=510433813|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Roadside Romeo]]''
| "Chhoo Le Na"
| rowspan="2"| Salim–Sulaiman
| rowspan="2"| Jaideep Sahni
| rowspan="2"| Sudesh Bhosle, Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Chhoo Le Na song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Roadside-Romeo/Choo-Le-Na/BwIOawNkeXE|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Chhoo Le Na" (Moonlight Club Mix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Chhoo Le Na (Moonlight Club Mix) song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Roadside-Romeo/Choo-Le-Na---Moonlight-Club-Mix/OF8iXDUdQGE|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Sirf (film)|Sirf]]''
| "Mumbai Nagariya"
| [[Sohail Sen]], Shibani Kashyap
| [[Mehboob Kotwal]], Vipul Saini
| Tarannum Mallik
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Mumbai Nagariya song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/sirf-2008-mumbai-nagariya-4|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=2 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141002223747/http://myswar.com/song_details/sirf-2008-mumbai-nagariya-4|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="4"| ''[[Sorry Bhai!]]''
| "Jalte Hain" (Version 2)
| rowspan="3"| Gaurav Dayal
| rowspan="4"| Amitabh Verma
| rowspan="3"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jalte Hain 2 song info |date = 10 November 2008|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jalte-hain-2/id510881288?i=510881451|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011055040/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jalte-hain-2/id510881288?i=510881451|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Mere Khuda"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mere Khuda song info |date = 10 November 2008|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mere-khuda/id510881288?i=510881421|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011173012/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mere-khuda/id510881288?i=510881421|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Mere Khuda" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mere Khuda (Remix) song info |date = 10 November 2008|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mere-khuda-remix/id510881288?i=510881453|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011053035/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mere-khuda-remix/id510881288?i=510881453|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Sorry Bhai"
| Vivek Philip
| Abhishek Nailwal, Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sorry Bhai song info |date = 10 November 2008|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/sorry-bhai/id510881288?i=510881434|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011053322/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/sorry-bhai/id510881288?i=510881434|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Welcome to Sajjanpur]]''
| "Bheeni Bheeni Mehki Mehki"
| rowspan="3"| [[Shantanu Moitra]]
| rowspan="3"| [[Swanand Kirkire]]
| Shreya Ghoshal
|<ref name="Bheeni Bheeni Mehki Mehki">{{cite web |title=Bheeni Bheeni Mehki Mehki song info |date = 6 September 2008|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/bheeni-bheeni-mehki-mehki/id514565705?i=514565882|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140916160232/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/bheeni-bheeni-mehki-mehki/id514565705?i=514565882|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 September 2014|publisher=iTunes|access-date=25 August 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Sita Ram Sita Ram"
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sita Ram Sita Ram song info | date=6 September 2008 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/sita-ram-sita-ram/id514565705?i=514565879|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013811/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/sita-ram-sita-ram/id514565705?i=514565879|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=iTunes|access-date=25 August 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Sita Ram Sita Ram" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sita Ram Sita Ram (Remix) song info |date = 6 September 2008|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/sita-ram-sita-ram-remix/id514565705?i=514565886|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013904/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/sita-ram-sita-ram-remix/id514565705?i=514565886|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=iTunes|access-date=25 August 2014}}</ref>
|}

=== 2009 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row"| ''42 Kms''
| "Chaand Zameen Pe"
| Tubby-Parik
| Shahab Allahabadi
| Rags, [[Clinton Cerejo]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Chaand Zameen Pe song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/42-Kms/Chand-Zameen-Pe/FzdaSyVCdF8|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[99 (2009 film)|99]]''
| "Punjabi Size"
| [[Mahesh Shankar]]
| Chintan Gandhi
| [[Labh Janjua]], Kalyani, Roopa
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Punjabi Size song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/99/Punjabi-Size/HgcIaCZ1WVQ|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "What's Up"
|rowspan="2"| Shamir Tandon
|rowspan="2"| Shabbir Ahmed
|rowspan="2"| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=What's Up song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/99/Whats-Up/SAUIQyxWQEM|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=13 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "What's Up Grooving Blues Mix"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=What's Up Grooving Blues Mix song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/99/Whats-Up-Groovin-Blues-Mix/CQJaQwdiAEk|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=13 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Aasma: The Sky Is the Limit|Aasma]]''
| "Aasma"
| Afsar-Sajid
| Shahab Allahabadi
| [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], [[Mahalakshmi Iyer]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Aasma song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aasma/id448896794?i=448896871|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014043/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aasma/id448896794?i=448896871|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Ajab Prem Ki Ghazab Kahani]]''
| "Main Tera Dhadkan Teri"
|rowspan="8"| [[Pritam]]
|rowspan="2"| [[Irshad Kamil]]
|rowspan="2"| [[Hard Kaur]], Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Main Tera Dhadkan Teri song info |date = 6 November 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/main-tera-dhadkan-teri/id479734890?i=479734898|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003054700/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/main-tera-dhadkan-teri/id479734890?i=479734898|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Main Tera Dhadkan Teri" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Main Tera Dhadkan Teri (Remix) song info |date = 6 November 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/main-tera-dhadkan-teri-remix/id479734890?i=479735771|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003054714/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/main-tera-dhadkan-teri-remix/id479734890?i=479735771|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[All the Best: Fun Begins]]''
| "Haan Main Jitni Martaba"
|rowspan="2"| [[Kumaar]]
|rowspan="2"| Yashita Yashpal Sharma
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Haan Main Jitni Martaba song info |date = 5 September 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/haan-main-jitni-martaba/id511110602?i=511110675|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013745/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/haan-main-jitni-martaba/id511110602?i=511110675|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Haan Main Jitni Martaba" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Haan Main Jitni Martaba (Remix) song info |date = 5 September 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/haan-main-jitni-martaba-remix/id511110602?i=511110688|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014111/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/haan-main-jitni-martaba-remix/id511110602?i=511110688|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Billu]]''
| "Ae Aa O"
|rowspan="2"| [[Neeraj Shridhar]]
|rowspan="2"| Rana Mazumder, [[Suraj Jagan]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ae Aa O song info |date = 5 January 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ae-aa-o/id510617840?i=510618143|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014010/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ae-aa-o/id510617840?i=510618143|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Ae Aa O" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ae Aa O (Remix) song info |date = 5 January 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ae-aa-o-remix/id510617840?i=510618251|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013901/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ae-aa-o-remix/id510617840?i=510618251|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Marjaani Marjaani" (Balkan Mix Version)
| [[Gulzar]]
| [[Akriti Kakar]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Marjaani (Balkan Mix) song info |date = 5 January 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/marjaani-marjaani-kasame-balkan/id510617840?i=510618225|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014204/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/marjaani-marjaani-kasame-balkan/id510617840?i=510618225|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Dil Bole Hadippa!]]''
| "Discowale Khisko"
| [[Jaideep Sahni]]
| Rana Mazumdar, Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Discowale Khisko song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/discowale-khisko/id674003319?i=674003323|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003054641/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/discowale-khisko/id674003319?i=674003323|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Do Knot Disturb]]''
| "Mere Naal"
| [[Nadeem–Shravan]]
| [[Sameer (lyricist)|Sameer]]
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]], Earl E.D, Nitika Kanwar
|<ref name="Mere Naal">{{cite web |title=Mere Naal song info |date=26 September 2009 |url=https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Do_Knot_Disturb/Mere_Naal/IS4mYzwDTgM |publisher=[[Saavn]] |access-date=16 September 2013}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Fox (film)|Fox]]''
| "Yaadein"
| [[Monty Sharma]]
| [[Sandeep Nath]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Yaadein song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/fox-2009-yaadein-1|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231555/http://myswar.com/song_details/fox-2009-yaadein-1|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Horn 'Ok' Pleassss]]''
| "Oya Oya"
| [[Jatin–Lalit|Lalit Pandit]]
| Farhaad, Salim Bijnori
| [[Shilpa Rao]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Oya Oya song info |url=http://www.saavn.com/p/song/hindi/Horn-Ok-Pleassss/Oya-Oya---Shilpa-Rao--Key-Key/Ozg4dkFpWwY |publisher=[[Saavn]] |access-date=27 August 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Jashnn]]''
| "Aaya Re"
|rowspan="3"| [[Shaarib Sabri|Sharib]]–[[Toshi Sabri|Toshi]]
|rowspan="3"| Kumaar
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Aaya Re song info |date = 13 June 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aaya-re-koi-dil-ko-churane/id510564509?i=510564520 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141108182952/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aaya-re-koi-dil-ko-churane/id510564509?i=510564520 |url-status=dead |archive-date=8 November 2014 |publisher=iTunes |access-date=27 August 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Nazrein Karam"
|rowspan="2"| Shreya Ghoshal
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Nazrein Karam song info |date = 13 June 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/nazrein-karam-kaha-soti-hai/id510564509?i=510564519|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140916201913/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/nazrein-karam-kaha-soti-hai/id510564509?i=510564519|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 September 2014|publisher=iTunes |access-date=27 August 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Nazrein Karam" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Nazrein Karam (Remix) song info |date = 13 June 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/nazrein-karam-kaha-soti-hai/id510564509?i=510564529 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140916201957/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/nazrein-karam-kaha-soti-hai/id510564509?i=510564529 |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 September 2014 |publisher=iTunes |access-date=27 August 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Kambakkht Ishq]]''
| "Kambakkht Ishq"
| rowspan="2"| [[Anu Malik]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Anvita Dutt Guptan]]
| rowspan="2"| Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kambakkht Ishq song info |date = 13 June 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kambakkht-ishq/id319355354?i=319355363|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003054745/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kambakkht-ishq/id319355354?i=319355363|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Kambakkht Ishq" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kambakkht Ishq (Remix) song info |date = 13 June 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kambakkht-ishq-remixed-kilogram/id319355354?i=319355382|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003054820/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kambakkht-ishq-remixed-kilogram/id319355354?i=319355382|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Love Aaj Kal (2009 film)|Love Aaj Kal]]''
| "Main Kya Hoon"
| Pritam
| Irshad Kamil
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Main Kya Hoon song info |date = 31 July 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/main-kya-hoon/id320744259?i=320744333|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014036/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/main-kya-hoon/id320744259?i=320744333|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''Maruti Mera Dosst''
| "Ayege Nindiya Ankheionke"
| Kartik Shah
| Subrat Sinha
| Shreya Ghoshal
|<ref name="Ayege Nindiya Ankheionke">{{cite web |title=Ayege Nindiya Ankheionke song info |date = 30 April 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ayege-nindiya-ankheionke-ghar/id602067790?i=602067803 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140916201947/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ayege-nindiya-ankheionke-ghar/id602067790?i=602067803 |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 September 2014 |publisher=iTunes |access-date=27 August 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[New York (2009 film)|New York]]''
| "Hai Junoon"
| rowspan="2"| Pritam
| rowspan="2"| Sandeep Srivastava
| rowspan="12"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Hai Junoon song info |date = 10 June 2009|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/hai-junoon/673602133?i=673602143|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Hai Junoon" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Hai Junoon (Remix) song info |date = 10 June 2009|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/hai-junoon-remix-by-julius/673602133?i=673602147|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Raaz: The Mystery Continues]]''
| "Kaisa Ye Raaz Hai"
| Pranay M. Rijia
| [[Sayeed Quadri]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kaisa Ye Raaz Hai song info |date = 28 November 2008|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/kaisa-ye-raaz-hai/299122148?i=299122168|publisher=iTunes|access-date=27 August 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "O Jaana"
| rowspan="2"| Raju Singh
| rowspan="2"| Kumaar
|<ref>{{cite web |title=O Jaana song info |date = 28 November 2008|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/o-jaana/299122148?i=299122167|publisher=iTunes|access-date=27 August 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "O Jaana" (Dance With Me Mix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=O Jaana (Dance With Me Mix) song info |date = 28 November 2008|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/o-jaana-dance-me-mix-remixed/299122148?i=299122173|publisher=iTunes|access-date=27 August 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Runway (2009 film)|Runway]]''
| "Teri Yaadein Leke Dil Mein" (Sad Version)
| rowspan="2"| Shamir Tandon
| rowspan="2"| Shabbir Ahmed
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Teri Yaadein Leke (Sad) song info |date = 3 June 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/teri-yaadein-leke-dil-mein-sad/id510566975?i=510566984|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013950/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/teri-yaadein-leke-dil-mein-sad/id510566975?i=510566984|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Teri Yaadein" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Teri Yaadein (Remix) song info |date = 3 June 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/teri-yaadein-remix/id510566975?i=510567110|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013807/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/teri-yaadein-remix/id510566975?i=510567110|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Sikandar (2009 film)|Sikandar]]''
| "Gulon Mein" (Version 1)
| [[Sandesh Shandilya]]
| [[Neelesh Misra]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Gulon Mein (Version 1) song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/sikandar-2009-gulon-mein-1-5|publisher=MySwar|access-date=17 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235903/http://myswar.com/song_details/sikandar-2009-gulon-mein-1-5|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Tum Mile]]''
| "Dil Ibaadat"
| rowspan="3"| Pritam
| rowspan="3"| Sayeed Quadri
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dil Ibaadat song info |date = 7 September 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dil-ibadat/id330742153?i=330742168|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141004155842/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dil-ibadat/id330742153?i=330742168|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Dil Ibaadat" (Rock Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dil Ibaadat (Rock) song info |date = 7 September 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dil-ibaadat-rock/id330742153?i=330742244|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014145/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/dil-ibaadat-rock/id330742153?i=330742244|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "O Meri Jaan"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=O Meri Jaan song info |date = 7 September 2009|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/o-meri-jaan/id330742153?i=330742177|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Victory (2009 film)|Victory]]''
| "Aisa Toh Socha Na Tha"
| Anu Malik
| Amitabh Verma
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Aisa Toh Socha Na Tha song info |date = 29 December 2008|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aisa-toh-socha-na-tha/id510627919?i=510627975|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013923/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/aisa-toh-socha-na-tha/id510627919?i=510627975|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 2010 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Action Replayy]]''
| "Luk Chhup Jaana"
| rowspan="3"| [[Pritam]]
| [[Irshad Kamil]]
| [[Tulsi Kumar]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Luk Chhup Jaana song info |date = 7 October 2010|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/luk-chup-jaana-nazar-ko/id511338738?i=511339402|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141119184603/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/luk-chup-jaana-nazar-ko/id511338738?i=511339402|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 November 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Badmaash Company]]''
| "Ayaashi"
| rowspan="2"| [[Anvita Dutt Guptan]]
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ayaashi song info |date = 4 September 2010|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/ayaashi/674008146?i=674008598|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Ayaashi" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ayaashi (Remix) song info |date = 4 September 2010|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/ayaashi-abhijit-vagani-remix/674008146?i=674008629|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Click (2010 film)|Click]]''
| "Yaadein Yaad Aati Hain"
| Shamir Tandon
| [[Shabbir Ahmed (lyricist)|Shabbir Ahmed]]
| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]], [[Vijay Prakash]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Yaadein Yaad Aati Hain song info |date = 9 February 2010|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/yaadein-yaad-aati-hain/id511238712?i=511238732|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014127/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/yaadein-yaad-aati-hain/id511238712?i=511238732|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Crook (film)|Crook]]''
| "Mere Bina" (Unplugged Version)
| rowspan="5"| Pritam
| rowspan="5"| [[Kumaar]]
| rowspan="3"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mere Bina (Unplugged) song info |date = 31 August 2010|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/mere-bina-unplugged/390435258?i=390435299|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Tujhi Mein"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tujhi Mein song info |date = 31 August 2010|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/tujhi-mein/390435258?i=390435286|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Tujhi Mein" (Reprise Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tujhi Mein (Reprise) song info |date = 31 August 2010|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/tujhi-mein-reprise/390435258?i=390435296|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Golmaal 3]]''
| "Golmaal"
| rowspan="2"| [[Anushka Manchanda]], [[Monali Thakur]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Golmaal song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/golmaal/id511384146?i=511384391|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013928/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/golmaal/id511384146?i=511384391|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Golmaal" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Golmaal (Remix) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/golmaal-remix/id511384146?i=511384407|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014047/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/golmaal-remix/id511384146?i=511384407|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Guzaarish (2010 film)|Guzaarish]]''
| "Daayein Baayein"
| rowspan="3"| [[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]]
| rowspan="3"| A.M. Turaz
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Daayein Baayein song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/daayein-baayein-chahat-chaye/id511386055?i=511386088|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Jaane Kiske Khwaab"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jaane Kiske Khwaab song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jaane-kiske-khwaab-takiye/id511386055?i=511386077|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013743/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jaane-kiske-khwaab-takiye/id511386055?i=511386077|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Guzaarish"
| [[Shail Hada]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Guzaarish song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/guzaarish-hai-ye-jo-barish/id511386055?i=511386063|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013846/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/guzaarish-hai-ye-jo-barish/id511386055?i=511386063|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Hum Tum Aur Ghost]]''
| "Dekho Raste Mein"
| rowspan="3"| [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
| rowspan="3"| [[Javed Akhtar]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dekho Raste Mein song info |url=https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Hum_Tum_Aur_Ghost/Dekho_Raste_Mein_Hasate/IFo-Zx99D0I |publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Dekho Raste Mein" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dekho Raste Mein (Remix) song info |url=https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Hum_Tum_Aur_Ghost/Dekho_Raste_Mein_Hasate_/PloEWgEHRlE |publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Karthik Calling Karthik]]''
| "Jaane Ye Kya Hua"
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jaane Ye Kya Hua song info |date = 18 January 2010|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jaane-ye-kya-hua/id582569417?i=582569421|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014028/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jaane-ye-kya-hua/id582569417?i=582569421|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Khatta Meetha (2010 film)|Khatta Meetha]]''
| "Sajde"
| Pritam
| Irshad Kamil
| Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sajde song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/sajde-ki-ye-hai-lakhon/id511410048?i=511410541|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003044456/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/sajde-ki-ye-hai-lakhon/id511410048?i=511410541|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=11 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="4"| ''[[Kites (film)|Kites]]''
| "Dil Kyun Yeh Mera"
| rowspan="4"| [[Rajesh Roshan]]
| rowspan="4"| Nasir Faraaz
| rowspan="5"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dil Kyun Yeh Mera song info |date=29 March 2012|url=https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Kites/Dil-Kyun-Yeh-Mera/Gz8zejdzBnI|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Dil Kyun Yeh Mera" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dil Kyun Yeh Mera (Remix) song info |date=29 March 2012|url=https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Kites/Dil-Kyun-Yeh-Mera-Remix/MzwxXzdKTWU|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Zindagi Do Pal Ki"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Zindagi Do Pal Ki song info |date=29 March 2012|url=https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Kites/Zindagi-Do-Pal-Ki/ASwudzhhRXQ|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Zindagi Do Pal Ki" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Zindagi Do Pal Ki (Remix) song info |date=29 March 2012|url=https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Kites/Zindagi-Do-Pal-Ki-Remix/BhEpVjl8VgU|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Knock Out (2010 film)|Knock Out]]''
| "Tuhi Mere Hum Navaa"
| Gourav Dasgupta
| Panchhi Jalonvi
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tuhi Mere Hum Navaa song info |date = 30 September 2010|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tuhi-mere-hum-navaa/id511420447?i=511420536|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014215/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tuhi-mere-hum-navaa/id511420447?i=511420536|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''Krantiveer: The Revolution''
| "Khuda Mere Khuda"
| [[Sachin–Jigar]]
| [[Sameer (lyricist)|Sameer]]
| Shreya Ghoshal
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Khuda Mere Khuda song info |date = 26 May 2010|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/khuda-mere-khuda/id511422630?i=511422779|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014157/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/khuda-mere-khuda/id511422630?i=511422779|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Lahore (film)|Lahore]]''
| "Ab Ye Kaafila"
| [[M.M. Kreem]]
| [[Junaid Wasi]]
| Karthik, M.M. Kreem
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ab Ye Kaafila song info |date = 14 April 2011|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ab-ye-kaafila/id431719366?i=431719415|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014200/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ab-ye-kaafila/id431719366?i=431719415|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Mallika (2010 film)|Mallika]]''
| "Chahoon Tujhe"
| Pritam
| Sudhakar Sharma
| Sunidhi Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Chahoon Tujhe song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/mallika-2010-chahoon-tujhe-1|publisher=MySwar|access-date=11 September 2014|archive-date=2 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141002223352/http://myswar.com/song_details/mallika-2010-chahoon-tujhe-1|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Mr. Singh Mrs. Mehta]]''
| "Barhaan Dil" (Male Version)
| [[Shujaat Khan]]
| Amitabh Verma
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Barhaan Dil (Male) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/barhaan-dil-mein/id603359873?i=603359885|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013827/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/barhaan-dil-mein/id603359873?i=603359885|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Muskurake Dekh Zara]]''
| "Sahi Bola"
| [[Ranjit Barot]]
| [[Mehboob Kotwal]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Sahi Bola song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/muskurake-dekh-zara-2010-sahi-bola-1|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140916130446/http://myswar.com/song_details/muskurake-dekh-zara-2010-sahi-bola-1|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 September 2014|publisher=MySwar|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai]]''
| "I Am In Love" (Dance Version)
| rowspan="2"| Pritam
| rowspan="2"| Neelesh Misra
| rowspan="2"| Dominique Cerejo
|<ref>{{cite web |title=I Am In Love (Dance) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/i-am-in-love-dance/id511454540?i=511455032|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "I Am In Love" (Duet Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=I Am In Love (Duet) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/i-am-in-love/id511454540?i=511455019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014211/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/i-am-in-love/id511454540?i=511455019|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Ramaa: The Saviour]]''
| "Sunlena Sunlena"
| Siddharth-Suhas
| Kumaar
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sunlena Sunlena song info |date = 25 October 2010|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/sunlena-sunlena/405946397?i=405946479|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Ramayana: The Epic]]''
| "Tu Hi Tu Hai"
| Shaarang Dev Pandit
| Ramendra Mohan Tripathi
| Shreya Ghoshal
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tu Hi Tu Hai song info |date = 7 October 2010|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/tu-hi-tu-hai/397182228?i=397182346|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Red Alert: The War Within]]''
| "Poochta Hai Mann Ye Tera"
| [[Jatin–Lalit|Lalit Pandit]]
| Javed Akhtar
|
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Poochta Hai Mann Ye Tera song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/red-alert-the-war-within-2010-poochta-hai-mann-ye-tera-1|publisher=MySwar|access-date=16 September 2014|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303212911/http://myswar.com/song_details/red-alert-the-war-within-2010-poochta-hai-mann-ye-tera-1|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''Swaha''
| "Barbadiyan"
| colspan="2"| Praveen Bharadwaj
| Rikkee
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Barbadiyan song info |url=http://myswar.com/song_details/swaha-2010-barbadiyan-5 |publisher=MySwar |access-date=16 September 2014 |archive-date=3 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303215052/http://myswar.com/song_details/swaha-2010-barbadiyan-5 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 2011 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[7 Khoon Maaf]]''
| "O' Mama"
| rowspan="2"| [[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
| rowspan="2"| Ajinkya Iyer
| rowspan="2"|Clinton Cerejo
|<ref>{{cite web |title=O' Mama song info |date = 18 January 2011|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/o-mama/415288521?i=415288540|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "O' Mama" (Acoustic Version)
|<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://mr-jatt.com/download-oxxi/o-mama-acoustic-k-k.html |title=O Mama (Acoustic) by K K Mp3 Punjabi Song Download - Mr-Jatt |access-date=15 September 2017 |archive-date=15 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170915161331/https://mr-jatt.com/download-oxxi/o-mama-acoustic-k-k.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Always Kabhi Kabhi]]''
| " Antenna" (Reloaded – SRK Mix Version)
| rowspan="3"| [[Pritam]]
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| [[Anupam Amod]], Apeksha Dandekar
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Antenna (Reloaded- SRK Mix) song info |date = 18 May 2011|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/antenna-reloaded-srk-mix/id508317426?i=508317628|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141202044129/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/antenna-reloaded-srk-mix/id508317426?i=508317628|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Desi Boyz]]''
| "Make Some Noise for the Desi Boyz"
| rowspan="2"| [[Kumaar]]
| rowspan="2"| Bob
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Make Some Noise song info |date = 18 October 2011|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/make-some-noise-for-desi-boyz/id508466899?i=508467022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141109033955/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/make-some-noise-for-desi-boyz/id508466899?i=508467022|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 November 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Make Some Noise for the Desi Boyz" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Make Some Noise (Remix) song info |date = 18 October 2011|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/make-some-noise-for-desi-boyz/id508466899?i=508467047|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013920/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/make-some-noise-for-desi-boyz/id508466899?i=508467047|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Don 2]]''
| "Mujhko Pehchaanlo"
| rowspan="2"| [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
| rowspan="5"| [[Javed Akhtar]]
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mujhko Pehchaanlo song info |date = 16 November 2011|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mujhko-pehchaanlo/id508502763?i=508502966|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013741/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mujhko-pehchaanlo/id508502763?i=508502966|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Mujhko Pehchaanlo" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mujhko Pehchaanlo (Remix) song info |date = 16 November 2011|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mujhko-pehchaanlo-remix/id508502763?i=508502968|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013758/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/mujhko-pehchaanlo-remix/id508502763?i=508502968|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Force (2011 film)|Force]]''
| "Khwabon Khwabon"
| Harris Jayaraj
| [[Suchitra]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Khwabon Khwabon song info |date = 29 August 2011|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/khwabon-khwabon/id508390788?i=508390899|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141102131425/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/khwabon-khwabon/id508390788?i=508390899|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 November 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Game (2011 film)|Game]]''
| "Kaun Hai Ajnabi"
| rowspan="2"| [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Aditi Singh Sharma]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kaun Hai Ajnabi song info |date = 25 February 2011|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kaun-hai-ajnabi/id511370588?i=511370661|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014140/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kaun-hai-ajnabi/id511370588?i=511370661|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Kaun Hai Ajnabi" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kaun Hai Ajnabi (Remix) song info |date = 25 February 2011|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kaun-hai-ajnabi-remix/id511370588?i=511370669|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013912/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kaun-hai-ajnabi-remix/id511370588?i=511370669|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Haunted – 3D]]''
| "Tum Ho Mera Pyar"
| [[Chirrantan Bhatt]]
| Shakeel Azmi
| [[Suzanne D'Mello]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tum Ho Mera Pyar song info |date = 13 April 2011|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tum-ho-mera-pyar/id511388920?i=511389353|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012065604/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tum-ho-mera-pyar/id511388920?i=511389353|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="4"| ''[[I Am (2010 Indian film)|I Am]]''
| "Bojhal Se"
| rowspan="2"| Rajiv Bhalla
| rowspan="2"| Amitabh Verma
| rowspan="5"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Bojhal Se song info |date = 4 April 2011|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/bhojhal-se/431094119?i=431094149|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Bojhal Se" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Bojhal Se (Remix) song info |date = 4 April 2011|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/bhojhal-se-remix/431094119?i=431094159|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Issi Baat Pe"
| rowspan="2"| [[Amit Trivedi]]
| rowspan="2"| Amitabh Bhattacharya
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Issi Baat Pe song info |date = 4 April 2011|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/issi-baat-pe/431094119?i=431094147|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Issi Baat Pe" (The Bombay Bounce Club Mix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Issi Baat Pe (Club Mix) song info |date = 4 April 2011|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/issi-baat-pe-bombay-bounce/431094119?i=431094163|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[I Am Kalam]]''
| "Chand Taare"
| [[Abhishek Ray]]
| Manavendra
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Chand Taare song info |date=27 July 2011 |url=https://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/I-Am-Kalam/Chand-Taare/PS4GeSZjQXs|publisher=[[Saavn]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Jo Hum Chahein]]''
| "Abhi Abhi"
| rowspan="2"| [[Sachin Gupta (musician)|Sachin Gupta]]
| rowspan="2"| Kumaar
| Sasha Tirupati
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Abhi Abhi song info |date = 12 November 2011|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/abhi-abhi/id507992648?i=507992745|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014052/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/abhi-abhi/id507992648?i=507992745|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Ishq Hothon Se"
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ishq Hothon Se song info |date = 12 November 2011|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ishq-hothon-se/id507992648?i=507992711|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013955/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ishq-hothon-se/id507992648?i=507992711|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Lanka (2011 film)|Lanka]]''
| "Barham Hain Hum"
| [[Gaurav Dagaonkar]]
| Seema Saini
| Shabab Sabri
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Barham Hain Hum song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/lanka-2011-barham-hai-hum-2|publisher=MySwar|access-date=16 September 2014|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063232/http://myswar.com/song_details/lanka-2011-barham-hai-hum-2|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Loot (2011 film)|Loot]]''
| "Ajab Hulchal Si"
| Shamir Tandon
| [[Shabbir Ahmed (lyricist)|Shabbir Ahmed]]
| [[Kunal Ganjawala]], [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], [[Vasundhara Das]], Pinky Chinoy
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ajab Hulchal Si song info |date = 25 October 2011|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ajab-hulchal-si/id507995093?i=507995129|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013935/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ajab-hulchal-si/id507995093?i=507995129|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Mere Brother Ki Dulhan]]''
| "Mere Brother Ki Dulhan"
| [[Sohail Sen]]
| [[Irshad Kamil]]
| rowspan="5"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mere Brother Ki Dulhan song info |date = 9 August 2011|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/mere-brother-ki-dulhan/905677023?i=905677024|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Mumbai Mast Kallander]]''
| "Sunn Zara"
| Afsar, Sajid Khan
| rowspan="3"| Panchhi Jalonvi
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sunn Zara song info |date = 31 December 2010|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/sunn-zara/412975563?i=412975859|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Sunn Zara" (Remix Version)
| Anaamik Chauhan
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sunn Zara (Remix) song info |date = 31 December 2010|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/sunn-zara-remix/412975563?i=412975829|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Sunn Zara" (Reprise Version)
| Teenu Arora
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sunn Zara (Reprise) song info |date = 31 December 2010|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/sunn-zara-reprise-mix/412975563?i=412975834|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[My Friend Pinto]]''
| "Yaadon Ki Album"
| [[Ajay–Atul]]
| Amitabh Bhattacharya
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Yaadon Ki Album song info|url=http://myswar.com/song_details/my-friend-pinto-2011-yaadon-ki-album-2|publisher=MySwar|access-date=16 September 2014|archive-date=8 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208105712/http://myswar.com/song_details/my-friend-pinto-2011-yaadon-ki-album-2|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Pyaar Ka Punchnama]]''
| "Life Sahi Hai"
| [[Clinton Cerejo]]
| Luv Ranjan
| [[Vishal Dadlani]], [[Benny Dayal]], Sidd Coutto
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Life Sahi Hai song info |date = 23 April 2011|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/life-sahi-hai/id511467035?i=511467369|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013808/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/life-sahi-hai/id511467035?i=511467369|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Ready (2011 film)|Ready]]''
| "Humko Pyar Hua"
| rowspan="2"| Pritam
| rowspan="2"| [[Neelesh Misra]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Tulsi Kumar]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Humko Pyar Hua song info | date=25 April 2011 |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/humko-pyar-hua-chal-chale/id511481879?i=511481887|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014143/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/humko-pyar-hua-chal-chale/id511481879?i=511481887|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Humko Pyar Hua" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Humko Pyar Hua (Remix) song info |date = 25 April 2011|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/humko-pyar-hua-chal-chale/id511481879?i=511482280|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208014221/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/humko-pyar-hua-chal-chale/id511481879?i=511482280|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Ye Stupid Pyar]]''
| "Tere Naam Se"
| rowspan="2"| [[Vipin Patwa]]
| rowspan="2"| Yusuf Alikhan
| rowspan="2"| Joy
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tere Naam Se song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tere-naam-se/id817639342?i=817639406|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013106/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tere-naam-se/id817639342?i=817639406|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Tere Naam Se" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tere Naam Se (Remix) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tere-naam-se-remix/id817639342?i=817639409|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013200/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tere-naam-se-remix/id817639342?i=817639409|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 2012 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[1920: Evil Returns]]''
| "Jaavedaan Hai"
| [[Chirrantan Bhatt]]
| Shakeel Azmi
| [[Suzanne D'Mello]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jaavedaan Hai song info |date = 9 October 2012|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jaavedaan-hai/id568946963?i=568947111|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141121070448/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/jaavedaan-hai/id568946963?i=568947111|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 November 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Ek Tha Tiger]]''
| "Laapata"
| rowspan="2"| [[Sohail Sen]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Anvita Dutt Guptan]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Palak Muchhal]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Laapata song info |date = 16 July 2012|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/laapata/673948187?i=673948359|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Laapata" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Laapata (Remix) song info |date = 16 July 2012|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/laapata-remix/673948187?i=673948394|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Jannat 2]]''
| "Jannatein Kahan"
| rowspan="2"| [[Pritam]]
| [[Mayur Puri]]
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jannatein Kahan song info |date = 30 March 2012|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/jannatein-kahan/514419701?i=514419892|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Tujhe Sochta Hoon"
| [[Sayeed Quadri]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tujhe Sochta Hoon song info |date = 30 March 2012|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/tujhe-sochta-hoon/514419701?i=514419708|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Jism 2]]''
| "Abhi Abhi" (Duet Version)
| rowspan="2"| [[Arko Pravo Mukherjee]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Arko Pravo Mukherjee]], [[Manish Makhija]]
| [[Akriti Kakar]], [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Abhi Abhi (Duet) song info |date = 5 July 2012|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/abhi-abhi-duet-hum-to-haare/id542701014?i=542701307|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130621134113/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/abhi-abhi-duet-hum-to-haare/id542701014?i=542701307|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 June 2013|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Abhi Abhi" (Male Version)
| rowspan="7"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Abhi Abhi (Male) song info |date = 5 July 2012|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/abhi-abhi-male/id542701014?i=542701241|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141125200803/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/abhi-abhi-male/id542701014?i=542701241|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 November 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Kahaani]]''
| "Kahaani" (Male Version)
| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
| [[Vishal Dadlani]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kahaani (Male) song info |date = 14 February 2012|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kahaani-male/id507392970?i=507392985|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205155805/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kahaani-male/id507392970?i=507392985|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Life! Camera Action...]]''
| "Chalte Jaana Hain"
| Manoj Singh
| [[Rohit Gupta]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Chalte Jaana Hain song info |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/nri/cinema/Manoj-Singh-wins-Best-Original-Music/articleshow/9734237.cms|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Eega|Makkhi]]'' (Dubbed version)
| "Are Are Are"
| M.M. Kreem
| [[Neelesh Misra]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Are Are Are song info |date = 6 October 2012|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/are-are-are/id567741708?i=567741754|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013339/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/are-are-are/id567741708?i=567741754|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Qasam Se Qasam Se]]''
| "Tum Kahan Ho"
| Shailendra-Sayanti
| Dr. Moauzzam Azam, Panchhi Jalonvi
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tum Kahan Ho song info |date = 15 June 2012|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tum-kaha-ho/id816459586?i=816459804|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013316/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tum-kaha-ho/id816459586?i=816459804|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Raaz 3D]]''
| "Rafta Rafta"
| rowspan="3"| [[Jeet Gannguli]]
| Sanjay Masoom
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Rafta Rafta song info |date = 3 August 2012|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/rafta-rafta/id561400885?i=561400991|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013303/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/rafta-rafta/id561400885?i=561400991|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Shirin Farhad Ki Toh Nikal Padi]]''
| "Kaafir Andhere"
| rowspan="2"| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kaafir Andhere song info |date = 24 July 2012|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kaafir-andhere/id604108569?i=604108580|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013504/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kaafir-andhere/id604108569?i=604108580|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Ishq Mein Tere Bina"
| Shreya Ghoshal
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ishq Mein Tere Bina song info |date = 24 July 2012|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ishq-main-tere-bina/id604108569?i=604108579|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013417/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/ishq-main-tere-bina/id604108569?i=604108579|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Zindagi Tere Naam]]''
| "Tu Mujhe Soch Kabhi"
| [[Sajid–Wajid]]
| [[Jalees Sherwani]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tu Mujhe Soch Kabhi song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tu-mujhe-soch-kabhi-from-zindagi/id777680346?i=777682914|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208013217/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tu-mujhe-soch-kabhi-from-zindagi/id777680346?i=777682914|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 December 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 2013 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row"|''[[3G (film)|3G]]''
| "Kaise Bataaoon"
| [[Mithoon]]
|
| [[Sonal Chauhan]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kaise Bataaoon song info |date = 26 February 2013|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kaise-bataaoon/id606557208?i=606557542|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140912044849/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/kaise-bataaoon/id606557208?i=606557542|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 September 2014|publisher=iTunes|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Akaash Vani]]''
| "Pad Gaye Ji"
| Hitesh Sonik
| Luv Ranjan
| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Pad Gaye Ji song info |date = 25 December 2012|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/pad-gaye-ji/id589743191?i=589743193|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003034240/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/pad-gaye-ji/id589743191?i=589743193|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2014|publisher=iTunes|access-date=10 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Aashiqui 2]]''
| "Piya Aaye Na"
| [[Jeet Gannguli]]
| [[Irshad Kamil]]
| [[Tulsi Kumar]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Piya Aaye Na song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/piya-aaye-na/id630590910?i=630591056|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003063121/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/piya-aaye-na/id630590910?i=630591056|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Bloody Isshq]]''
| "Ajab Hai Ye Zindagi"
| rowspan="2"| [[Ashok Bhadra]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Kumaar]]
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ajab Hai Ye Zindagi song info |date = 21 July 2014|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/ajab-hai-ye-zindagi/913384485?i=913384497|publisher=iTunes|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Falsafa"
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Falsafa song info |date = 21 July 2014|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/falsafa/913384485?i=913384494|publisher=iTunes|access-date=9 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Bombay Talkies (film)|Bombay Talkies]]''
| "[[Apna Bombay Talkies]]"
| [[Amit Trivedi]]
| [[Swanand Kirkire]]
| [[Udit Narayan]], [[Alka Yagnik]], [[Kumar Sanu]], [[Abhijeet Bhattacharya]], [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Kavita Krishnamurthy]], [[Sudesh Bhonsle]], [[Shreya Ghoshal]], [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], [[Sunidhi Chauhan]], [[Sukhwinder Singh]], [[Shilpa Rao]], [[Mohit Chauhan]], [[Sonu Nigam]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Bombay Talkies song details|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/bombay-talkies/id635861149?i=635861189|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141206052539/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/bombay-talkies/id635861149?i=635861189|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 December 2014|publisher=iTunes|access-date=10 April 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Luv U Soniyo]]''
| "Tumsa Nahin Hai Koi"
| [[Vipin Patwa]]
| DR Sagar
| Anwesha Sarkar
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tumsa Nahin Hai Koi song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tumsa-nahi-hai-koi/id670256626?i=670256696|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140912042105/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tumsa-nahi-hai-koi/id670256626?i=670256696|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 September 2014|publisher=iTunes|access-date=9 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Murder 3]]''
| "Mat Aazma Re"
| rowspan="3"| [[Pritam]]
| [[Sayeed Quadri]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Mat Aazma Re song info |date = 2 February 2013|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/mat-aazma-re/598258725?i=598259112|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Race 2]]''
| "Party On My Mind"
| rowspan="2"| Prashant Ingole, [[Yo Yo Honey Singh]]
| rowspan="2"| Shefali Alvares, Yo Yo Honey Singh
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Party On My Mind song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/party-on-my-mind/id597511807?i=597511931|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419183442/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/party-on-my-mind/id597511807?i=597511931|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 April 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| "Party On My Mind" (Remix Version)
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Party On My Mind (Remix) song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/party-on-my-mind-remix/id597511807?i=597511942|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003063115/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/party-on-my-mind-remix/id597511807?i=597511942|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Special 26]]''
| "Tujh Sang Lagee"
| M. M. Keeravani
| Irshad Kamil
| M. M. Keeravani
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tujh Sang Lagee song info |date = 10 January 2013|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tujh-sang-lagee/id592814003?i=592814007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003063117/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/tujh-sang-lagee/id592814003?i=592814007|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2014|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 2014 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Yaariyan (2014 film)|Yaariyan]]''
| "Meri Maa" (Version 1)
| rowspan="2"| [[Pritam]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Irshad Kamil]]
| rowspan="3"|
| <ref name=":2">{{cite news |title=Yaariyan – Music Review |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/music-reviews/Yaariyan-music-review-Yaariyan/articleshow/28322007.cms? |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |first=Bryan|last=Durham |date=3 January 2014 |access-date=30 January 2015}}</ref>
|-
| "Meri Maa" (Reprise Version)
| <ref name=":2"/>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Paranthe Wali Gali]]''
| "Tere Bin Ho Na Sakega Gujara"
| [[Vasundhara Das]]
| Vipin Mishra
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Paranthe Wali Gali (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) – Vasundhara Das |url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/tere-bin-ho-na-sakega-gujara/791577130?i=791577136 |publisher=[[iTunes]] |date=26 December 2013 |access-date=15 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Gunday]]''
| "Tune Maari Entriyaan"
| [[Sohail Sen]]
| Irshad Kamil
| [[Vishal Dadlani]], [[Neeti Mohan]], [[Bappi Lahiri]]
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-bappi-lahiri-unplugged-2033305 |title=The life and times of Bappi Lahiri |work=[[Daily News and Analysis]] |first=Yogesh|last=Pawar |date=9 November 2014 |access-date=24 January 2015}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Heartless (2014 film)|Heartless]]''
| "Soniye"
| [[Gaurav Dagaonkar]]
| Seema Saini
| rowspan="5"|
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.koimoi.com/bollywood-movies/music-reviews/heartless-music-review/ |title=Heartless Music Review |work=Koimoi |author=Aishwarya |date=14 January 2014 |access-date=24 January 2015}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Purani Jeans]]''
| "Dil Aaj Kal"
| [[Ram Sampath]]
| Prashant Ingole
|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/screen/purani-jeans-return-of-the-memories/ |title=Purani Jeans / Return of the memories |work=[[The Indian Express]] |first=Priya|last=Adivarekar |date=2 May 2014 |access-date=24 January 2015}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Manjunath (film)|Manjunath]]''
| "The Rock Song"
| [[Parikrama (band)|Parikrama]]
| Rajneesh Bisht, [[Sandeep A. Varma]]
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/music-reviews/Manjunath-music-review/articleshow/35166749.cms? |title=Manjunath – Music Review |work=[[The Times of India]] |first=Bryan|last=Durham |date=16 May 2014 |access-date=24 January 2015}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Hate Story 2]]''
| "Kabhi Aayine Pe Likha Tujhe"
| rowspan="2"| [[Rashid Khan (musician)|Rashid Khan]]
| rowspan="2"| Tanveer Ghazi
| <ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/bollywood/movie_reviews/hate-story-movie-review/article_6b7b5996-111e-11e4-90fe-0019bb2963f4.html |title='Hate Story 2' Movie Review |work=[[India West]] |author=R.M. Vijayakar |date=21 July 2014 |access-date=24 January 2015 |archive-date=23 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140723141519/http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/bollywood/movie_reviews/hate-story-movie-review/article_6b7b5996-111e-11e4-90fe-0019bb2963f4.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| "Kabhi Aayine Pe Likha Tujhe" (Remix Version)
| <ref name=":0"/>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Happy New Year (2014 film)|Happy New Year]]''
| "India Waale"
| rowspan="3"| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
| rowspan="3"| [[Irshad Kamil]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Vishal Dadlani]], [[Neeti Mohan]], [[Shankar Mahadevan]]
| <ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/music-review-happy-new-year-s-music-is-trendy-and-young-at-heart/article1-1264622.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150205100730/http://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/music-review-happy-new-year-s-music-is-trendy-and-young-at-heart/article1-1264622.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 February 2015|title=Music review: Happy New Year's music is trendy and young at heart |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |first=Rohit|last=Vats |date=16 September 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|-
| "India Waale" (Electronic Version)
| <ref name=":1"/>
|-
| "World Dance Medley"
| [[Neeti Mohan]], [[Vishal Dadlani]], [[Sukhwinder Singh]], [[Shankar Mahadevan]], [[Shah Rukh Khan|Shahrukh Khan]]
| <ref name=":1"/>
|-
! scope="row"| ''D Gangs Of Mumbai''
| "Maula"
| Liyaqat Ajmeri
| A.M. Turaz
| Ali Aslam
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Maula song info |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/d-gangs-of-mumbai/Hw3f6dnFMLs_|publisher=[[jioSaavn]]|access-date=11 August 2014}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 2015 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Roy (2015 film)|Roy]]''
| "Yaara Re"
| [[Ankit Tiwari]]
| [[Sandeep Nath]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Yaara Re song info |date=9 January 2015|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/roy-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1111829450|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=9 January 2015}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| ''[[Ishq Ke Parindey]]''
| "Dil Tod Ke"
| Vijay Vermaa
| [[Manoj Muntashir]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Dil Tod Ke song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/ca/album/ishq-ke-parindey-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1119986569|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=24 April 2015}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Bajrangi Bhaijaan]]''
| "Tu Jo Mila"
| [[Pritam Chakraborty|Pritam]]
| Kausar Munir
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tu Jo Mila song info |date=15 July 2015|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/bajrangi-bhaijaan-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1071855794|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| ''[[Drishyam (2015 film)|Drishyam]]''
| "Kab Kahan Se"
| [[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
| [[Gulzar]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kab Kahan Se song info |date=7 July 2015|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/drishyam-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1119984846|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=16 July 2015}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| ''[[Ranviir the Marshal]]''
| "Kisne Yun Mujhko Chhua"
| Ricky Mishra
| Dr.Sagar
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kisne Yun Mujhko Chhua song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/mx/album/ranviir-the-marshal-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1125325505?l=en|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=23 October 2015}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 2016 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
!scope="row"| ''[[Airlift (film)|Airlift]]''
| "Tu Bhoola Jise"
| [[Amaal Mallik]]
| [[Kumaar]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tu Bhoola Jise song info |date=24 December 2015|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/airlift-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1110859691|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| ''[[Rhythm (2016 film)|Rhythm]]''
| "Ye Nasha"
| Pranay M. Rijia
| [[Sameer Anjaan]]
| [[Natalie Di Luccio]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ye Nasha song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/au/album/rhythm-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1120076205|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| ''[[Awesome Mausam]]''
| "Kaisi Yeh Pyaas Hai"
| Ishan Ghosh
| Yogesh Bhardwaj
| Priya Bhattacharya
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kaisi Yeh Pyaas Hai song info |date=24 February 2016|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/awesome-mausam-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1157890245|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Fredrick (2016 film)|Fredrick]]''
| "Waqt Gaya Thum"
|rowspan="2"| Sunjoy Bose
|rowspan="2"| Rajesh Butalia
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Waqt Gaya Thum song info |date=27 May 2016|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/fredrick-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1378277412|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Khuda Tune Khuda Cheena Mujhse"
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Khuda Tune Khuda Cheena Mujhse song info |date=27 May 2016|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/fredrick-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1378277412|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"| ''[[Azhar (film)|Azhar]]''
| "Jeetne Ke Liye"
| [[Amaal Mallik]]
| [[Kumaar]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jeetne Ke Liye song info |date=30 April 2016|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/azhar-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1157913457|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[1920 London]]''
| "Aafreen Aafreen"
| Kaushik-Akash
| Prashant Ingole
| [[Antara Mitra]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Aafreen Aafreen song info |date=5 May 2016|url=https://music.apple.com/ca/album/1920-london-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1157937382|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Raaz: Reboot]]''
| "O Meri Jaan"
| [[Sangeet-Siddharth]]
| [[Kausar Munir]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=O Meri Jaan song info |date=26 August 2016|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/raaz-reboot-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1158855111|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=26 August 2016}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Ek Tera Saath]]''
| "Pakeeza"
| Liyakat Ajmeri
| Ahmed Siddiqui
| [[Swati Sharma]], Ali Aslam
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Pakeeza song info |date=9 September 2016|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/1-13-7-ek-tera-saath-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1155390835|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| ''In Rahon Se''
|"In Rahon Se" (Title Track)
|Vijay Verma
|Ravi Kant
|[[Madhushree]]
|[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIJlr1CCOhs R]
|}

=== 2017 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
!scope="row"| ''[[Prakash Electronic]]''
|"Ishq Jo Karein"
|colspan=2|Praveen Bharadwaj
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Ishq Jo Karein song info |date=29 December 2016|url=https://itunes.apple.com/tr/album/prakash-electronic-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1191413562|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Rangoon]]''
|"Julia"
|[[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
|[[Gulzar]]
|[[Sukhwinder Singh]], [[Kunal Ganjawala]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Julia song info |date=19 January 2017|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/rangoon-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1196637058|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Jeena Isi Ka Naam Hai (film)|Jeena Isi Ka Naam Hai]]''
|"Jeena Issi Ka Naam Hai"
|Deepak Agrawal
|Deepak Agrawal
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Jeena Issi Ka Naam Hai song info |date=7 February 2017|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/jeena-isi-ka-naam-hai-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1206110332|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180628233436/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/jeena-isi-ka-naam-hai-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1206110332|url-status=dead|archive-date=28 June 2018|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Raees (2017 film)|Raees]]''
|"Saanson Ke"
|JAM8 (Aheer)
|Manoj Yadav
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Saanson Ke song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/raees-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1198426066|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Laali Ki Shaadi Mein Laaddoo Deewana]]''
|"Bezubaan"
|[[Vipin Patwa]]
|Mahima Bhardwaj
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Bezubaan song info |date=21 March 2017|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/laali-ki-shaadi-mein-laaddoo-deewana-original-motion/1217852308|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180421165952/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/laali-ki-shaadi-mein-laaddoo-deewana-original-motion/1217852308|url-status=dead|archive-date=21 April 2018|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Shab (film)|Shab]]''
|"Musafir Main Hoon"
|[[Mithoon]]
|Amitabh S. Verma
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Musafir Main Hoon song info |date=14 July 2017|url=https://itunes.apple.com/ca/album/shab-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1259288995|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Tubelight (2017 Hindi film)|Tubelight]]''
|"Main Agar" (Reprise)
|[[Pritam]]
|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Main Agar (film version) song info |date=22 June 2017|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/tubelight-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1251460767|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Raagdesh]]''
| "Hawaon Mein Woh Aag Hai"
|rowspan="2"| Rana Mazumder
|rowspan="2"| [[Sandeep Nath]]
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Hawaon Mein Woh Aag Hai song info |date=25 July 2017|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/raag-desh-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1263399489|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=25 July 2017}}</ref>
|-
| "Tujhe Namaami Ho"
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]], [[Sunidhi Chauhan]], Rana Mazumder
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tujhe Namaami Ho song info |date=25 July 2017|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/raag-desh-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1263399489|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=25 July 2017}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''The Rally''
|"Main Jo Dekhu Na Tujhe"
|rowspan="2"| [[Viju Shah]]
|rowspan="2"| [[Sameer Anjaan]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Main Jo Dekhu Na Tujhe song info |date=3 August 2017|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/the-rally-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1267190914|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
| "Naiyo Jeena"
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Naiyo Jeena song info |date=3 August 2017|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/the-rally-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1267190914|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=13 March 2019}}</ref>
|}

=== 2018 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Gold (2018 film)|Gold]]''
| "Khel Khel Mein"
| [[Sachin–Jigar]]
| [[Javed Akhtar]]
| Sachin–Jigar
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Khel Khel Mein song info |url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/gold-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1414913971|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=12 March 2019}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''Lashtam Pashtam''
| "Lashtam Pashtam"
| rowspan="2"| Sana
| rowspan="2"| [[Mehboob (lyricist)|Mehboob]]
| [[Benny Dayal]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Lashtam Pashtam song info |date=30 July 2018|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/lashtam-pashtam-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1420621837|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=12 March 2019}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
| "Rua Rua"
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Rua Rua song info |date=30 July 2018|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/lashtam-pashtam-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1420621837|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=12 March 2019}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| ''[[Jalebi (2018 film)|Jalebi]]''
| "Tera Mera Rishta"
| rowspan="2"|[[Tanishk Bagchi]]
| rowspan="2"| Arafat Mehmood
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tera Mera Rishta song info |date=21 September 2018|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/jalebi-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1436966300|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=21 September 2018}}</ref>
|-
| "Tera Mera Rishta" (Solo)
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tera Mera Rishta (Male) song info |date=21 September 2018|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/jalebi-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1436966300|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=21 September 2018}}</ref>
|-
| "Pehle Ke Jaisa"
| Abhishek Mishra
| [[Rashmi Virag]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Pehle Ke Jaisa song info |date=21 September 2018|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/jalebi-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1436966300|publisher=[[iTunes]]|access-date=21 September 2018}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 2019 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Badla (2019 film)|Badla]]''
| "Tum Na Aaye"
| [[Amaal Mallik]]
| [[A. M. Turaz]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tum Na Aaye song info |url=https://gaana.com/song/tum-na-aaye-5|publisher=[[Gaana]]|access-date=15 March 2019}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"|''Downtown''
| "Tumhi To Ho"
| [[Sanjeev–Darshan]]
| Nasir Faraz
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tumhi To Ho song info | date=29 May 2019 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hqB297XVuXU|publisher=[[YouTube]]|access-date=29 May 2019}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Chhichhore]]''
| "Kal Ki Hi Baat Hai"
| [[Pritam]]
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Kal Ki Hi Baat Hai song info |date=31 August 2019|url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/song/kal-ki-hi-baat-hai/GzceSyNnc2c|publisher=[[JioSaavn]]|access-date=31 August 2019}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Sye Raa Narasimha Reddy]]'' (Dubbed version)
| "Saansein Teri Desh Hai"
| [[Amit Trivedi]]
| [[Swanand Kirkire]]
|
||<ref>{{cite web |title=Saansein Teri Desh Hai song info |url=https://gaana.com/song/saansein-teri-desh-hai|publisher=[[Gaana]]|access-date=30 September 2019}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== 2020 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Love Aaj Kal (2020 film)|Love Aaj Kal]]''
| "Aur Tanha"
| [[Pritam]]
| [[Irshad Kamil]]
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Baaghi 3]]''
| "[[Dus Bahane 2.0]]"
| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
| Panchhi Jalonvi
| Vishal–Shekhar, [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], [[Tulsi Kumar]]
|
|-
! rowspan="4" scope="row" |''[[Sadak 2]]''
| "Dil Ki Purani Sadak"
| rowspan="2" | [[Samidh Mukerjee]] & Urvi
| rowspan="2" | Vijay Vijawatt
| rowspan="2" |
|<ref>{{Cite web|date=3 August 2020|title=When Samidh floors Mahesh Bhatt |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/music/when-samidh-floors-mahesh-bhatt/articleshow/68404129.cms|access-date=2020-08-03|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
|-
|"Purani Sadak" (Reprise)
|
|-
|"Shukriya (Reprise)"
| rowspan="2" |[[Jeet Gannguli]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Rashmi Virag]]
|[[Jubin Nautiyal]]
|
|-
|"Shukriya (Rendition)"
|[[Arijit Singh]], [[Jubin Nautiyal]]
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[It's My Life (film)|It's My Life]]''
| "Idiot"
| [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
| [[Neelesh Misra]]
| Earl D'Souza
|
|}

=== 2021 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width=1% | Ref.
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Bob Biswas]]''
|"Mujhe Mujhse Kaun Bachayega"
|[[Anupam Roy]]
|Siddhant Kaushal
|
|[https://www.instagram.com/p/CTRvvitroOJ/ Ref]
|-
! scope="row"|[[83 (film)|''83'']]
|"Yeh Hausle"
|[[Pritam]]
|[[Kausar Munir]]
|
|
[https://www.facebook.com/SingerKKofficial/videos/547709739775007/ Ref]
|}

=== 2022 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width="20%" | Film
! scope="col" width="23%" | Song
! scope="col" width="21%" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width="17%" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width="18%" | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width="1%" | Ref.
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Sherdil: The Pilibhit Saga|Sherdil]]''
|"Dhoop Paani Bahne De"
|[[Shantanu Moitra]]
|[[Gulzar]]
|Rituraj
|
|-
! scope="row"rowspan="2" |''[[Rakshasudu (2019 film)|Gumnaam]] (Hindi version)''
|"Tune Jaana Tha Doli Mein"
| rowspan="2" |Liyakat Ajmeri
| rowspan="2" |Amit Khan
|
|<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oSQJOm0L3JE |title=Tune Jaana Tha Doli Mein {{!}} One of KK’s Last Songs {{!}} Bellamkonda Sreenivas {{!}} Gumnaam {{!}} Amit Khan |date=2022-09-05 |last=Saregama Music |access-date=2025-12-16 |via=YouTube}}</ref>
|-
|"Dhage Ishq Ke"
|[[Neeti Mohan]]
|<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Et9-uTeUzM |title=Dhage Ishq Ke {{!}} One of KK’s Last Songs {{!}} Neeti Mohan {{!}} Bellamkonda Sreenivas {{!}} Gumnaam {{!}} Amit Khan |date=2022-09-04 |last=Saregama Music |access-date=2025-12-16 |via=YouTube}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |''Chakki''
|<nowiki>''Kyun''</nowiki>
|[[Indian Ocean (band)|Indian Ocean]]
|[[Piyush Mishra]]
|
|
|}

=== 2023 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width="20%" | Film
! scope="col" width="23%" | Song
! scope="col" width="21%" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width="17%" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width="18%" | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width="1%" | Ref.
|-
! scope="row" |[[Lost (2023 film)|''Lost'']]
|<nowiki>''Mon Re''</nowiki>
|[[Shantanu Moitra]]
|[[Swanand Kirkire]]
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''Samara''
|<nowiki>''Dilbaro''</nowiki>
|Deepak Warrier
|Shaik Tabrez, Yusuf Baig
|Lakshmi Mohan
|
|}

=== 2024 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width="20%" | Film
! scope="col" width="23%" | Song
! scope="col" width="21%" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width="17%" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width="18%" | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width="1%" | Ref.
|-
! scope="row" rowspan=2 |''[[Savi (film)|Savi]]''
|"Vada Humse Karo"
|rowspan=2|Piyush Shankar
|rowspan=2|Rashmi Virag
|
|<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/shorts/N2bkIoCDZjQ |title=A message from KK {{!}} New Track {{!}} Vaada Humse Karo {{!}} Piyush Shankar {{!}} Rashmi Virag {{!}} Movie: Savi |date=2024-05-24 |last=iSHAT KK |access-date=2025-12-16 |via=YouTube}}</ref>
|-
|"Vada Humse Karo (Version 2)"
|
|
|-
! scope="row" | ''Krispy Rishtey''
|Khwaab Jeete
|Vijay Verma
|Rajesh Manthan
|
|
|}
=== 2025 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width="20%" | Film
! scope="col" width="23%" | Song
! scope="col" width="21%" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width="17%" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width="18%" | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width="1%" | Ref.
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Humein Asha Hai]]''
| Humein Asha Hai
| Rahul R, Santosh Nair
|
| -
|}

== Tamil songs ==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=5% | Year
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer
! scope="col" width="18%" | Co-singer(s)
! scope="col" width="17%" | Writer
|-
|rowspan=2|1997
!''[[Minsara Kanavu]]''
|"Strawberry Kannae"
|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|[[Febi Mani]]
|[[Vairamuthu]]
|-
!''[[V. I. P. (1997 film)|VIP]]''
|"Eechankaattu"
|[[Ranjit Barot]]
|[[Annupamaa|Anupama]]
|
|-
|1998
!''[[Uyirodu Uyiraga]]''
|"Poovukkellam"
|[[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|[[Srinivas]], [[Harini (singer)|Harini]]
| rowspan="7" |Vairamuthu
|-
|rowspan="2"|1999
! rowspan="2" |''[[Kodiesvaran]]''
|"Naan Khelnaatu"
|rowspan="2"| Agosh
|[[Annupamaa|Anupama]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
| "Alva Pappa"
| [[Anuradha Sriram]]
|-
| rowspan="4" |2001
! rowspan="2" |''[[12B]]''
| "Love Pannu"
| rowspan="2" | [[Harris Jayaraj]]
| [[Prashanthini]]
|-
|"Mutham Mutham"
|[[Mahalakshmi Iyer]]
|-
!''[[Shahjahan (film)|Shahjahan]]''
| "Kadhal Oru"
| [[Mani Sharma]]
|
|-
!''[[Little John (film)|Little John]]''
|"Paadava Paadava"
|[[Pravin Mani]]
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2002
!''[[Pammal K. Sambandam]]''
| "Penne Kadhal"
| rowspan="2" | [[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
|
|[[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]]
|-
!''[[Red (2002 film)|Red]]''
|"Ollikuchi Udambukaari"
|[[Anuradha Sriram]]
|Vairamuthu
|-
| rowspan="9" |2003
!''[[Alai (film)|Alai]]''
|"Nee Oru Desam"
|[[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|[[Sujatha Mohan]]
|[[Yugabharathi]]
|-
!''[[Anbe Anbe]]''
|"Roobanottil"
|[[Bharadwaj (composer)|Bharadwaj]]
|[[Anuradha Sriram]]
|[[Kabilan (lyricist)|Kabilan]]
|-
!''[[Dhool]]''
|"Kundu Kundu"
|[[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|[[Sunidhi Chauhan]], [[Pop Shalini]]
|[[Arivumathi]]
|-
!''[[Dum (2003 Tamil film)|Dum]]''
|"Polladha Padava"
|[[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Mahalakshmi Iyer]]
|[[Pa. Vijay]]
|-
!''[[Jay Jay]]''
|"Pengal Nenjai"
|[[Bharadwaj (composer)|Bharadwaj]]
|Vairamuthu
|-
!''[[Kaakha Kaakha]]''
| "Uyirin Uyirae"
| [[Harris Jayaraj]]
| [[Suchitra]]
|[[Thamarai]]
|-
!''[[Paarai (film)|Paarai]]''
|"Vinayaga Vinayaga"
|[[Sabesh–Murali]]
|[[Anuradha Sriram]]
|Vairamuthu
|-
!''[[Saamy]]''
|"Kalyaanam Thaan"
|[[Harris Jayaraj]]
|[[Yugandhar|Yugendhar]], [[Srilekha Parthasarathy]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Snehan]]
|-
!''[[Success (2003 film)|Success]]''
|"Marathi Kutti"
|[[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
|[[Mahalakshmi Iyer]]
|-
| rowspan="8" |2004
!''[[7G Rainbow Colony]]''
|"Ninaithu Ninaithu"(Male)
| rowspan="2" |[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|
| rowspan="2" |[[Na. Muthukumar]]
|-
!''[[Bose (film)|Bose]]''
| "Nijama Nijama"
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|-
!''[[Chellamae]]''
| "Kadhalikkum Asai"
| [[Harris Jayaraj]]
| [[Chinmayi Sripada|Chinmayi]], [[Mahathi (singer)|Mahathi]], [[Premgi Amaren]]
| Vairamuthu
|-
!''[[Ghilli]]''
| "Appadi Podu"
| [[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|[[Anuradha Sriram]]
|Pa. Vijay
|-
! rowspan="2" |''[[M. Kumaran Son of Mahalakshmi]]''
|"Neeye Neeye"
| rowspan="2" |[[Srikanth Deva]]
|
|Vaali
|-
|"Vacchuka Vacchukava"
|[[Srilekha Parthasarathy]]
|Srikanth Deva
|-
![[Manmadhan (film)|''Manmadhan'']]
|"Kadhal Valarthen"
|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|
|Na. Muthukumar
|-
!''[[Vasool Raja MBBS]]''
|"Pathukulle Number"
|[[Bharadwaj (composer)|Bharadwaj]]
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|Vairamuthu
|-
| rowspan="15" |2005
![[Aayudham (2005 film)|''Aayudham'']]
|"Hormone Surrakuthu"
|[[Dhina]]
|[[Harini (singer)|Harini]]
|Pa. Vijay
|-
!''[[Anniyan]]''
|"Andangkaka"
|[[Harris Jayaraj]]
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]], [[Jassie Gift]], [[Saindhavi]]
|Vairamuthu
|-
! rowspan="2" |[[Ayya (2005 Tamil film)|''Ayya'']]
|"Thamirabharani Raani"
| rowspan="2" |[[Bharadwaj (composer)|Bharadwaj]]
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
| rowspan="2" |Pa. Vijay
|-
|"Oru Vaartha Kekka"
|[[Sadhana Sargam]]
|-
!''[[Chandramukhi]]''
|"Annanoda Pattu"
|[[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|[[Sujatha Mohan]], [[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]], [[Chinnaponnu]]
|Kabilan
|-
!''[[Chinna (2005 film)|Chinna]]''
|"Kaalangathala"
|[[D. Imman]]
|[[Anuradha Sriram]]
|[[Palani Bharathi]]
|-
!''[[Daas (2005 film)|Daas]]''
|"Sakka Podu"
|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|[[Sadhana Sargam]]
|[[Viveka (lyricist)|Viveka]]
|-
![[Ji (film)|''Ji'']]
|"Vamba Velaikku"
|[[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|
|Kabilan
|-
!''[[Kanda Naal Mudhal]]''
|"Pani Thuli"
|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]], [[Tanvi Shah]]
|Thamarai
|-
! rowspan="2" |''[[Karka Kasadara]]''
|"A Joke"
| rowspan="2" | Prayog
|[[Mahalakshmi Iyer]]
| rowspan="2" |[[R. V. Udayakumar]]
|-
|"Aithalakka"
|[[Malathy Lakshman]]
|-
! rowspan="2" |''[[Oru Kalluriyin Kathai]]''
|"Kangal Kandadhu"
| rowspan="2" |[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|[[Sujatha Mohan]]
| rowspan="2" |Na. Muthukumar
|-
|"Pangu Podu"
|[[Ranjith (singer)|Ranjith]]
|-
![[Ponniyin Selvan (2005 film)|''Ponniyin Selvan'']]
|"Kola Kolayaa"
|[[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|[[Sujatha Mohan]]
|Pa. Vijay
|-
!''[[Sivakasi (film)|Sivakasi]]''
|"Deepavali"
|[[Srikanth Deva]]
|[[Vasundhara Das]]
|[[Perarasu]]
|-
| rowspan="6" |2006
!''[[Aathi]]''
| "Lelakku Lelakku"
| [[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
| [[Sujatha Mohan]]
|Pa. Vijay
|-
!''[[Idhaya Thirudan]]''
| "Unnai Thotta"
| [[Bharadwaj (composer)|Bharadwaj]]
|
|Vairamuthu
|-
! rowspan="2" |''[[Nenjil Jil Jil]]''
| "Kaadhalthaana"
| rowspan="2" | [[D. Imman]]
| [[K. S. Chithra]]
| rowspan="2" |Pa. Vijay
|-
| "Kannukkul Kalavaram"
|
|-
![[Thirupathi (2006 Tamil film)|''Thirupathi'']]
|"Aathadi Aathadi"
| rowspan="2" |[[Bharadwaj (composer)|Bharadwaj]]
|
|Perarasu
|-
!''[[Thiruttu Payale]]''
| "Poi Solla Poren"
| Kanmani
|Vairamuthu
|-
| rowspan="6" |2007
!''[[Thaamirabharani]]''
| "Vaartha Onnu"
| rowspan="2" | [[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|
| rowspan="2" |Na. Muthukumar
|-
!''[[Deepavali (2007 film)|Deepavali]]''
| "Dhol Bhaje"
| [[Shweta Mohan]]
|-
!''[[Lee (2007 film)|Lee]]''
| "Jelina O Jelina"
| [[D. Imman]]
| [[Pop Shalini]]
|Yugabharathi
|-
!''[[Thirumagan]]''
| "Shock Adikkuthu"
| [[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
| [[Anuradha Sriram]]
|Vairamuthu
|-
!''[[Unnale Unnale]]''
| "Mudhal Naal"
| [[Harris Jayaraj]]
| [[Mahalakshmi Iyer]], [[Pop Shalini]]
| rowspan="2" |Pa. Vijay
|-
!''[[Billa (2007 film)|Billa]]''
| "My Name Is Billa"
| rowspan="2" | [[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
| Naveen
|-
| rowspan="3" |2008
!''[[Aegan]]''
|"Odum Varaiyil"
|
|Snehan
|-
!''[[Kuruvi]]''
|"Mozha Mozhannu"
|[[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|[[Anuradha Sriram]]
|Pa. Vijay
|-
!''[[Vedha (2008 film)|Vedha]]''
|"Azhage Ahzage"
|[[Srikanth Deva]]
|[[Chinmayi Sripada|Chinmayi]]
|Thanga Senthilkumar
|-
| rowspan="3" |2009
!''[[1977 (film)|1977]]''
|"Hawai Theevil"
|[[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|[[Sowmya Raoh]]
|Pa. Vijay
|-
!''[[Siva Manasula Sakthi]]''
|"Thithikum Theeyai"
|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|[[Shweta Mohan]]
|Na. Muthukumar
|-
!''[[Peraanmai]]''
|"Kaattu Puli Adichu"
|[[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|[[Jassie Gift]]
|Vairamuthu
|-
|2010
![[Kutty (2010 film)|''Kutty'']]
|"Feel My Love"
|[[Devi Sri Prasad]]
|
|Viveka
|-
|rowspan=2|2011
!''[[Kaavalan]]''
|"Pattampoochi"
|[[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|[[Rita Thyagarajan]]
|Kabilan
|-
!''[[Aadukalam]]''
|"En Vennilave"
|[[G. V. Prakash Kumar]]
|
|[[V. I. S. Jayapalan]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |2014
!''[[Yaan (film)|Yaan]]''
|"Nee Vandhu Ponadhu"
| rowspan="2" |[[Harris Jayaraj]]
|[[Bombay Jayashri|Bombay Jayashree]], [[Ramya NSK]], [[Megha (singer)|Megha]]
|Thamarai
|-
!''[[Idhu Kathirvelan Kadhal]]''
|"Sara Sara Saravedi"
|[[MK Balaji|M. K. Balaji]], [[Srilekha Parthasarathy]]
|Yugabharathi
|-
| 2019
!''[[Pettikadai]]''
| "Keelvanam Sivanthiruchi"
| Maria Manohar
|
| Marathamizh Vaenthan
|-
| rowspan="2" |2022
! rowspan="2" |''[[The Legend (2022 film)|The Legend]]''
|"Konji Konji"
| rowspan="2" |[[Harris Jayaraj]]
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|Kabilan
|-
|"Popopo"
|Prasad S.N, [[Jonita Gandhi]]
|Madhan Karky
|}

== Telugu songs ==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=5% | Year
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
!Writer(s)
!Co-artist(s)
|-
| rowspan="2"|1996
! rowspan="2" |''[[Kadhal Desam|Prema Desam]]''
| "College Style"
| rowspan="2" |[[A. R. Rahman]]
| rowspan="2" |
|[[S.P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]]
|-
| "Hello Doctor"
|Srinivas, [[Annupamaa|Anupama]], Noel James
|-
| 1997
!''[[V. I. P. (1997 film)|V. I. P.]]''
| "Ninna Nono Repu Nono"
| [[Ranjit Barot]]
|
|Anupama
|-
| 1999
!''[[Samudram (1999 film)|Samudram]]''
| "Hoosh Hoosh"
| [[Shashi Preetam]]
|
|
|-
| rowspan="13" | 2001
!''[[Muthyam]]''
| "Vuchitam Vuchitam"
| [[Vandemataram Srinivas]]
|
|
|-
!''[[Chandu (2001 film)|Chandu]]''
| "Kalalo Neeve"
| [[K. Veeru]]
|
| [[Preeti Pinky]]
|-
!''[[Kushi (2001 film)|Kushi]]''
| "Ye Mera Jaha"
| [[Mani Sharma]]
|
|
|-
!''[[Jabili]]''
| "Ganga Yamuna Godari"
| [[S. V. Krishna Reddy]]
|
|[[K.S Chithra]]
|-
! rowspan="2" |''[[Tholi Valapu]]''
| "First Rank Manadera"
| rowspan="2" |[[Vandemataram Srinivas]]
|
|
|-
| "Kurrakaruki Bikeunte"
|
|
|-
!''[[Prematho Raa]]''
| "Chandamamatho"
| rowspan="2" |[[Mani Sharma]]
|
|
|-
!''[[Subbu]]''
| "Miva Miva"
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |''[[Manasantha Nuvve]]''
| "Aakashana"
| rowspan="4" |[[R. P. Patnaik]]
|
|[[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
|"Evvarineppudu"
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |''[[Nuvvu Nenu]]''
| "Nee Kosame"
|
|
|-
| "Nuvve Naku Pranam"
|
|[[Usha (Telugu singer)|Usha]]
|-
!''[[Student No.1]]''
| "Okariki Okarai"
| [[M. M. Keeravani]]
|
|Srivarthini
|-
| rowspan="21" | 2002
! rowspan="2" |[[Vasu (film)|''Vasu'']]
| "Paataku Pranam"
| rowspan="2" |[[Harris Jayaraj]]
|
|[[Swarnalatha]]
|-
| "Sportive Boys"
|
|
|-
! rowspan="3" |''[[Holi (2002 film)|Holi]]''
| "Aadapillalu"
| rowspan="7" |[[R. P. Patnaik]]
|
|[[Kavitha Krishnamurthy]]
|-
| "O Cheliya"
|
|[[Sadhana Sargam]]
|-
| "Priyathama"
|
|
|-
!''[[Jayam (2002 film)|Jayam]]''
| "Prema Prema"
|
|
|-
!''[[Nee Sneham]]''
| "Ooruko Hrudayama"
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |''[[Santosham (2002 film)|Santosham]]''
| "Devude Digi Vachina"
|
|[[Usha (Telugu singer)|Usha]]
|-
| "Diri Diri Diridi Vareva"
|
|[[Usha (Telugu singer)|Usha]]
|-
!''[[Yuva Rathna|Yuvaratna]]''
| "Sandhya Sandhya"
| [[M. M. Keeravani]]
|
|Hrithika
|-
!''[[Neetho (2002 film)|Neetho]]''
| "Panchaboothala"
| [[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|
|[[Sadhana Sargam]]
|-
!''Dreams''
| "Thythaka"
|[[Chakri (composer)|Chakri]]
|
|[[Kousalya (singer)|Kousalya]]
|-
!''[[Premaku Swagatam]]''
|"Chelive Vipu Chusi"
|[[S. V. Krishna Reddy]]
|
|
|-
!''[[Takkari Donga]]''
| "Aleba Aleba"
| rowspan="2" |[[Mani Sharma]]
|
|
|-
!''[[Indra (2002 film)|Indra]]''
|"Daayi Daayi Damma"
|
|[[Mahalakshmi Iyer]]
|-
! rowspan="2" |''[[Ninu Choodaka Nenundalenu]]''
|"Aa Kondapalli"
| rowspan="2" |[[Ilaiyaraaja]]
|
|[[Sadhana Sargam]]
|-
|"Edo Mounaragam"
|
|
|-
!''[[Nuvve Nuvve]]''
| "I Am Very Sorry"
|[[Koti (composer)|Koti]]
|
|
|-
! rowspan="3" |''[[Idi Maa Ashokgadi Love Story]]''
| "Chali Chaliga"
| rowspan="3" |[[Anand–Milind]]
|
|[[Sowmya Raoh]]
|-
|"Malli Janmistha"
|
|
|-
|"Aatallo Athletic"
|
|
|-
| rowspan="8" | 2003
!''[[Johnny (2003 film)|Johnny]]''
| "Naalo Nuvokasagami"
|[[Ramana Gogula]]
|
|[[Usha (Telugu singer)|Usha]]
|-
!''[[Vishnu (2003 film)|Vishnu]]''
| "Nelluri Nerajana"
| [[Ismail Darbar]]
|
|[[Kavitha Krishnamurthy]]
|-
!''[[Juniors (film)|Juniors]]''
| "Chesindi Ok"
| [[Chakri (composer)|Chakri]]
|
|Ravi Varma, Chakri
|-
!''[[Neeku Nenu Naaku Nuvvu]]''
| "Gummare Gummare"
| rowspan="4" |[[R. P. Patnaik]]
|
|Usha
|-
!''[[Ninne Ishtapaddanu]]''
|"Clean Bowled"
|
|Ali
|-
! rowspan="2" |''[[Dil (2003 film)|Dil]]''
|"CM PM"
|
|
|-
|"Oka Nuvvu Oka Nenu"
|
|
|-
! ''[[Evare Athagadu]]''
| "Prema Intha Goppadani"
| [[M. M. Keeravani]]
|
| [[Ganga Sitharasu]]
|-
| rowspan="11" | 2004
!''[[Malliswari (2004 film)|Malliswari]]''
| "Cheli Soku"
|[[Koti (composer)|Koti]]
|
|[[K.S. Chithra]]
|-
!''[[Arya (2004 film)|Arya]]''
| "Feel My Love"
| rowspan="2" |[[Devi Sri Prasad]]
|
|[[Clinton Cerejo]]
|-
!''[[Shankar Dada M.B.B.S.]]''
|"Chaila Chaila"
|
|[[Chiranjeevi]]
|-
!''[[Gharshana]]''
| "Cheliya Cheliya"
| [[Harris Jayaraj]]
|
|[[Suchitra]]
|-
!''[[Suryam]]''
| "Naakai Puttinadana"
|[[Chakri (composer)]]
|
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|-
!''[[Naa Autograph]]''
| "Gurtukostunnayi"
| rowspan="2" | [[M. M. Keeravani]]
|
|
|-
!''[[Nenunnanu]]''
| "Neekosam Neekosam"
|
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|-
!''[[Gudumba Shankar]]''
| "Le Le Lele"
|[[Mani Sharma]]
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |''[[Love (2004 film)|Prem Nagar]]''
| "Yedu Rangula Prema"
| rowspan="2" |[[Anu Malik]]
|
|[[Sadhana Sargam]]
|-
| "Maargayare"
|
|[[Jolly Mukherjee]], Kalpana
|-
!''[[7G Brindhavan Colony]]''
| "Thalachi Thalachi"(Male)
|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|
|
|-
| rowspan="17" |2005
! rowspan="2" |''[[Manasu Maata Vinadu]]''
| "Gubulendukey
| rowspan="3" |[[Kalyani Malik]]
|
|
|-
| "Aravailo"
|
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|-
!''[[Andhrudu]]''
| "Osari Preminchaka"
|
|
|-
!''[[Avunanna Kaadanna]]''
| "Anaganaganaga Oka"
|[[R. P. Patnaik]]
|
|[[Usha (Telugu singer)|Usha]]
|-
!''[[Andarivaadu]]''
| "MTV Figuralle"
| [[Devi Sri Prasad]]
|
|[[Sunitha Sarathy]]
|-
!''[[Evadi Gola Vaadidhi]]''
| "Bangala Kaathaam"
| Kamalakar
|
|
|-
!''[[Dhairyam (2005 film)|Dhairyam]]''
| "Naa Pranam"
|[[Anup Rubens]]
|
|Pooja, Shravani, Lavanya, Srinu, Pramod, Balaji
|-
!''[[Balu ABCDEFG]]''
| "Inte Inthinthe"
|[[Mani Sharma]]
|
|
|-
![[List of Telugu films of 2005|''Kaadante Avunanele'']]
| "Santhoshaalane"
| Sathyam
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |''[[Nuvvante Naakishtam]]''
|"Enduke Paruvama"
| rowspan="3" |[[Koti (composer)|Koti]]
|
|[[K.S. Chithra]]
|-
| "Chupultho"
|
|[[Shalini Singh|Shalini]]
|-
!''[[Mr. Errababu]]''
| "Yenduko"
|
|
|-
!''[[Sada Mee Sevalo]]''
| "Yem Navvulivile"
| [[Vandemataram Srinivas]]
|
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|-
!''Kumkuma''
| "Sannajaji Puvvu"
| Ghantadi Krishna
|
|Srilekha
|-
!''[[Aparichithudu]]''
| "Kondakaki Kondedana"
|[[Harris Jayaraj]]
|
|[[Jassie Gift]], [[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
!''[[Athadu]]''
| "Avunu Nijam"
| rowspan="2" |[[Mani Sharma]]
|
|[[Sunitha Upadrashta|Sunitha]]
|-
!''[[Jai Chiranjeeva]]''
| "Hey Jana"
|
|
|-
| rowspan="11" |2006
!''[[Happy (2006 film)|Happy]]''
| "Yegire Mabbulalona"(version 2)
|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|
|
|-
!''[[Bangaram (film)|Bangaram]]''
| "Chedugudante "
|[[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|
|[[Anuradha Sriram]], Sahithi, Dharani
|-
!''[[Style (2006 film)|Style]]''
| "Rock & Roll"
| rowspan="4" |[[Mani Sharma]]
|
| [[Sunitha Sarathy]]
|-
!''[[Ashok (film)|Ashok]]''
| "Oka Chinni"
|
|
|-
!''[[Ranam (2006 film)|Ranam]]''
| "Ghana Ghana"
|
|[[Sangeetha Katti|Sangeetha]]
|-
!''[[Veerabhadra (film)|Veerabhadra]]''
|"Jujibeelallo"
|
|[[Mahalakshmi Iyer]]
|-
!''[[List of Telugu films of 2006|Kokila]]''
| "Varshinche Megam"
| Madhukar
|
|[[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], [[Tippu (singer)|Tippu]]
|-
!''[[Sainikudu]]''
| "Go Go Go Adhigo"
|[[Harris Jayaraj]]
|
|
|-
! rowspan="3" |''[[Boss (2006 film)|Boss]]''
| "Andagadu Muttukunte"
| rowspan="3" |[[Kalyani Malik]]
|
|[[Sunitha Upadrashta|Sunitha]]
|-
| "Anaganaganaga"
|
|[[Sunitha Upadrashta|Sunitha]]
|-
| "Veluthunna"
|
|[[Sunitha Upadrashta|Sunitha]]
|-
| rowspan="5" | 2007
!''[[Chirutha]]''
| "Ivvale"
|[[Mani Sharma]]
|
|[[Sunitha Upadrashta|Sunitha]]
|-
!''[[Lakshmi Kalyanam (2007 film)|Lakshmi Kalyanam]]''
| "Gunde Gontulo"
|[[R. P. Patnaik]]
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |''[[Munna (2007 film)|Munna]]''
| "Kadhulu Kadhulu"
| rowspan="2" |[[Harris Jayaraj]]
|
|[[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]]
|-
| "Vasthava Vasthava"
|
|[[Shalini Singh|Shalini]]
|-
! ''[[Godava]]''
| "Hutch Phone"
| [[Mani Sharma]]
|
|[[Kousalya (singer)|Kousalya]], Deepa
|-
| rowspan="3" |2008
! rowspan="2" |''[[Jalsa]]''
| "My Heart is Beating"
| rowspan="2" |[[Devi Sri Prasad]]
|
|
|-
| "My Heart is Beating (Remix)"
|
|
|-
!''[[Chintakayala Ravi]]''
| "Valla Valla"
| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
|
|[[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2009
!''[[Oy! (film)|Oy!]]''
| "Waiting For You"
|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|
|
|-
!''[[Sankham]]''
| "Dakku Dakku"
| [[S. Thaman]]
|
|[[Rahul Nambiar]], [[Priyadarshini (singer)|Priyadarshini]], [[Megha (singer)|Megha]]
|-
!''[[Arya 2]]''
| "Uppenantha"
| [[Devi Sri Prasad]]
|
|
|-
| 2010
!''[[Darling (2010 film)|Darling]]''
| "Hosahore"
|[[G. V. Prakash Kumar]]
|
|[[Lesle Lewis (composer)|Lesle Lewis]]
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2011
!''[[Prema Kavali]]''
| "Manasanta Mukkalu Chesi "
| [[Anoop Rubens]]
|
|
|-
!''[[Don 2]]''
|"Lokana Yavaraina"
|[[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
|
|
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2012
!''[[Life Is Beautiful (2012 film)|Life Is Beautiful]]''
| "Life Is Beautiful"
|[[Mickey J. Meyer]]
|
|
|-
!''[[Naa Ishtam]]''
| "O Sathiya"
|[[Chakri (composer)|Chakri]]
|
|
|-
!''[[List of Telugu films of 2012|Malli Kalusthaa]]''
| "Aanadhame Ambaram"
|Brinda HK
|
|
|-
| 2013
!''[[Ramayya Vasthavayya]]''
| "Pandaga Chesko"
|[[S. Thaman]]
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2014
!''[[Yevadu]]''
| "Cheliya Cheliya"
|[[Devi Sri Prasad]]
|
|
|-
!''[[Nee Jathaga Nenundali]]''
| "Kanabadunaa" (Piya Aaye Na)
|[[Jeet Gannguli]]
|
|[[Arpita Chakraborty]]
|-
|}

== Kannada songs ==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=5% | Year
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
|-
| 2001
!''[[Premakke Sai]]''
|"Premada Loka"
|[[Mani Sharma]]
|
|
|-
| 2003
!''Hello''
|"Singapuralli"
|Srishaila
|
|[[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|-
| rowspan="4" |2004
! rowspan="2" |[[Love (2004 film)|''Love'']]
|"Elu Bannada"
| rowspan="2" |[[Anu Malik]]
|
|[[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|-
|"Maargayare"
|Kaviraj
|Kalpana, Nalini, Jolly
|-
!''[[Rowdy Aliya]]''
|"Nannahinde Yaaru"
|[[Koti (composer)|Koti]]
|K. Kalyan
|Sunidhi Chauhan
|-
!''[[Sarvabhouma]]''
|"Selfish Selfishu"
| [[Hamsalekha]]
|
|-
|rowspan="2|2005
!''[[News (film)|News]]''
|"Gira Gira"
|[[Gurukiran]]
|
|Priyadarshini
|-
!''[[Anna Thangi (2005 film)|Anna Thangi]]''
|"Hubbaliya Sheharadaaga"
|[[Hamsalekha]]
|
|[[Anuradha Sriram]]
|-
|-
| 2006
!''[[Madana (film)|Madana]]''
|"Kannu Ninnadu"
|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|[[K. Kalyan]]
|
|-
| 2007
!''[[Kshana Kshana]]''
|"Madhira Madhura"
|[[R. P. Patnaik]]
|
|[[Malgudi Subha]]
|-
| 2008
!''[[Neenyare]]''
|"Super Computer"
| colspan="2" |[[V. Manohar]]
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |2009
!''[[Parichaya]]''
|"Nadedaduva Kamanabillu"
|[[Jessie Gift]]
|[[Kaviraj (lyricist)|Kaviraj]]
|[[Rajalakshmi]]
|-
!''[[Manasaare]]''
|"Kanna Haniyondige"
| rowspan="2" |[[Mano Murthy]]
|
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|-
!''[[Male Barali Manju Irali]]''
|"Vidayada Veleyalli"
|
|
|-
!''[[Yogi (2009 Kannada film)|Yogi]]''
|"Brucelee Vamsha"
|[[Emil Mohammed]]
|
|
|-
| 2010
!''Sanchari''
|"Marethoda Maatide"
|[[Arjun Janya]]
|
|[[Anuradha Bhat]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |2014
!''[[Bahuparak]]''
|"Sneha Yembudu"
|[[Bharath B. J.]]
|[[Simple Suni|Suni]]
|[[Rajalakshmy]]
|-
!''[[Aryan (2014 film)|Aryan]]''
|"Ondhu Haadu Mella"
|[[Jassie Gift]]
|[[Kaviraj (lyricist)|Kaviraj]]
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|-
|}

== Marathi songs ==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=5% | Year
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
|-
| 2017
! scope="row"|''Spandan''
| "Hi Tarunai"
| [[Anamik Chauhan]]
| [[Shailesh Kulkarni]]
|
|-
|2014
! scope="row"|''Friendship Dot com''
| "Ved he lagale (Ye na tu) "
|
|
|
|-
| 2023
! scope="row"|''Umbrella''
| "Ekant Hawa "
| [[Santosh Mulekar]]
| [[Mangesh Kangane]]
|
|-
|}

== Bengali songs ==

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=5% | Year
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18%|'''Co-singer(s)''
|
|-
| 2012
! scope="row"|''[[Faande Poriya Boga Kaande Re]]''
|"Akasher Nile" (Male)
|[[Jeet Gannguli]]
|Prasen
|
|-
|-
| 2019
! scope="row"|''[[Password (2019 Indian film)|Password]]''
|"Aye Khuda"
(Hindi song)
|[[Savvy Gupta|Savvy]]
|Soham Majumder
|
|-
|}

== Malayalam songs ==

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=5% | Year
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
|-
| 2009
! scope="row"|''[[Puthiya Mukham]]''
| "Rahasyamay"
| [[Deepak Dev]]
| Kaithapram
| [[Shilpa Rao]]
|-
| 2023
! scope="row"|''Samara''
| "[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZHK11gDOUvk Dilbaro]" (Hindi portions)
| Deepak Warrier
| Yusuf Baig, Sarath R Nath
| Lakshmi Mohan
|}

== Gujarati songs ==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=5% | Year
! scope="col" width=20% | Film
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
|-
| 2019
! scope="row"|''[[Order Order Out of Order]]''
| "Tari Mari Vato"
| Rahul Munjariya
| [[Bhargav Purohit]]
|
|-
|}

==Non-film songs in other languages==

===Assamese album songs===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Album
! scope="col" | Song
! scope="col" | Composer
! scope="col" | Lyricist
! scope="col" | Co-singer
! scope="col" | Ref.
|-
| rowspan="2" |2000
! rowspan="2" |''Mann''
|"Man Dilo"
| rowspan="2" |Anupam Saikia
| rowspan="2" |
|Sadhana Sargam
|<ref>{{Citation|title=Listen to Man Dilo Song by Sadhana Sargam on Gaana.com|url=https://gaana.com/song/man-dilo|access-date=2021-02-03}}</ref>
|-
|"Kajol Tumi"
|Solo
|<ref>{{Citation|title=Listen to Kajol Tumi Song by K.K. on Gaana.com|url=https://gaana.com/song/kajol-tumi|access-date=2021-02-03}}</ref>
|}

== Albums==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=5% | Year
! scope="col" width=20% | Album
! scope="col" width=22% | Song
! scope="col" width=19% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=16% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Co-singer(s)
|-
| rowspan="8"| 1999
! scope="row" rowspan="8"| ''[[Pal (album)|Pal]]''
| "Aap Ki Dua"
| rowspan="8"| [[Lesle Lewis (composer)|Lesle Lewis]]
| rowspan="14"| [[Mehboob (lyricist)|Mehboob]]
| rowspan="12"|
|-
| "Yaaron"
|-
| "Pal"
|-
| "Dil Se Mat Khel"
|-
| "Yeh Tanhai"
|-
| "Mehki Hawa"
|-
| "Ishara"
|-
| "Din Ho Ya Raat"
|-
| rowspan="10"| 2008
! scope="row" rowspan="10"| ''[[Humsafar (album)|Humsafar]]''
| "Aasman Ke"
| rowspan="8"| KK
|-
| "Dekho Na"
|-
| "Yeh Kahan Mil Gaye Hum"
|-
| "Rain Bhai Kaari (Maajhi)"
|-
| "Masti"
| Nakul Krishna
|-
| "Deewana Hai Mera Dil"
| rowspan="5"|
|-
| "Humsafar"
| KK, Mehboob
|-
| "Cineraria"
| KK
|-
| "Din Ho Ya Raat"
| rowspan="2"| [[Lesle Lewis (composer)|Lesle Lewis]]
| rowspan="2"| Mehboob
|-
| "Mehki Hawa"
|-
| rowspan="5" |2022
| rowspan="5" |[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLTqpjSs3h_hPK4rRDyF4Jsn1A98_phhcZ 1992 Unreleased Album]
|Ae Dil Ae Dil Ae Dil
| rowspan="5" |Radha Sharma
| rowspan="5" |Renu Singhal
| rowspan="5" |Charu, Shyama
|-
|Shivam Sha Sha
|-
|Meri Saheli
|-
|Baahon Mein Aao
|-
|AC DC
|}

== TV Title Songs ==

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=5% | Year
! scope="col" width=20% | TV Show
! scope="col" width=20% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
|-
| 1996
! scope="row"|''[[Just Mohabbat]]''
|"Just Mohabbat"
|[[Raju Singh]]
|
|
|-
| 1998
! scope="row"|''[[Hip Hip Hurray (TV series)|Hip Hip Hurray]]''
|"Hip Hip Hurray"
|[[Louis Banks]]
| Vinay Pathak
|[[Hema Sardesai]]
|-
| 1999
! scope="row"|''Sansaar''
|
|[[Shantanu Moitra]]
|[[Amitabh Verma (lyricst)|Amitabh Verma]]
|[[Antara Chowdhury]]
|-
| 2001
! scope="row"|''[[Shaka Laka Boom Boom]]''
|"Shakalaka"
|
|
|
|-
| 2002
! scope="row"|''[[Annamalai (2002 TV series)|Annamalai]]'' (Tamil)
|"Uyirgal Pirandhadhu"
|[[Dhina]]
|[[Vairamuthu]]
|[[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
| 2002
! scope="row"|''[[Kuchh Jhuki Palkain]]''
|Kuchh Jhuki Si Palkein
|Lalit Sen
|[[Nawab Arzoo]]
|[[Mahalakshmi Iyer]]
|-
| 2005
! scope="row"|''[[Kkavyanjali]]''
|Woh Mile The....
|[[Pritam]]
|
|
|-
| 2010
! scope="row"|''Star Parivaar Awards''
|
|
|
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|-
| 2011
! scope="row"|''[[Just Dance (Indian TV series)|Just Dance (TV series)]]''
|
|[[Pritam]]
|
|
|-
|}

== TV Performances ==

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=5% | Year
! scope="col" width=20% | Show
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
|-
| rowspan="1"| 2001-02
! scope="row" rowspan="1"| ''[[Channel V]] Jammin''
| "Mujhe Pyaar Ho Gaya"
| rowspan="1"|
| rowspan="1"|
| rowspan="1"| [[Suneeta Rao]]
|-
| rowspan="4"| 2011
! scope="row" rowspan="4"| ''Coke Studio(India)-Season 1''
| "Chadta Suraj"
| rowspan="1"| [[Aziz Nazan]]
| rowspan="1"| [[Aziz Nazan]]
| rowspan="1"| [[Sabri Brothers]]
|-
| "Khilte Hai Gul Yahan"
| rowspan="1"| [[S. D. Burman]]
| rowspan="1"| [[Gopaldas Neeraj]]
| rowspan="1"| [[Mathangi Rajshekhar & Sanjay Vidyarthi]]
|-
| "Tu Aashiqui Hai"
| rowspan="1"| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
| rowspan="1"| [[Vishal Dadlani]]
| Hritbdjshdhfrowspan="1"|
|-
| "Tu Hai Yahan"
| rowspan="1"| [[Lesle Lewis (composer)|Lesle Lewis]]
| rowspan="1"| [[Prashant Ingole]]
| rowspan="1"| [[Leslie Lewis, Mathangi, Sabri Brothers & Sanjay Vidyarthi]]
|-
| rowspan="6"| 2014
! scope="row" rowspan="6"| ''[[MTV Unplugged (Indian TV program)|MTV Unplugged(India)-Season 3]]''
| "Pal"
| rowspan="3"| [[Mehboob (lyricist)|Mehboob]]
| rowspan="6"|
|
|-
| "Yaaron"
|
|-
| "Tadap Tadap"
| rowspan="1"| [[Ismail Darbar]]
|-
| "O Meri Jaan"
| rowspan="1"| [[Pritam]]
| rowspan="1"| [[Sandeep Shrivastav]]
|-
| "Beete Lamhein"
| rowspan="1"| [[Mithoon]]
| rowspan="1"| [[Sayeed Quadri]]
|-
| "Mujhko Pehchaanlo"
| rowspan="1"| [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
| rowspan="1"| [[Javed Akhtar]]
|-
|}

== Other Non-Film Songs ==

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" width="100%"
! scope="col" width=5% | Year
! scope="col" width=20% | Non-Film/Album
! scope="col" width=23% | Song
! scope="col" width=21% | Composer(s)
! scope="col" width=17% | Writer(s)
! scope="col" width=18% | Co-singer(s)
|-
|1998
! scope="row"| ''Coffee Aur Kreem''
| "Main Pagal Hoon"
| M.M Keeravani
| Nitin Raikwar
| Hema Sardesai
|-
| 1999
! scope="row"| ''Cricket Meri Jaan''
| "Josh Of India"
| [[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
| [[Dr.Bashir Badr]]
|
|-
| 2008
! scope="row"| ''[[The Ghost (TV series)|The Ghost]]''
| "Tanha Chala"
| [[Farrukh Abid & Shoiab Farrukh]]
| [[Momina Duraid]]
|
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2010
! scope="row" rowspan="2" | ''Bandish''
|"Tere Bin"
| rowspan="2" | Chris Powell
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |Deepak Nair
|-
|"Tere Bin Remix"
|-
|
!Hanuman Chalisa
|
|Adesh Shrivastav
|Tulsidas
|Amitabh Bachchan & Various singers
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2013
! scope="row"|''Maula Zubaan''
|"Yaad"
|Siddharth
|[[Sanket Vashisht]]
|Siddharth
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Rise Up (Colors of Peace)]]''
|"Rose Of My Heart"
|[[Gaurav Dhingra]]
|
|Reet
|-
| rowspan="1"| 2015
!scope="row"|''Electric & Alive''
| "Yo! Be the Power"
| [[Queen Be & Massive Vibe Live]]
| [[Queen Be]]
| [[Massive Vibe Live]], [[Akriti Kakar]], [[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]], [[Bhoomi Trivedi]]
|-
| 2021
! scope="row"| Brawl
| "Zindagani"
| Ankit Kholia
| Ankit Kholia
|
|-
|2023
|Ishq Mein Doob Jaunga
|Ishq Mein Doob Jaunga
|Avishek Majumder
|Jairaj Selwan
|[[Anweshaa]]
|-
|2025
|Humein Asha Hai
|Humein Asha Hai
|Rahul R, Santosh Nair
|Rahul R
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb name|id=0433881}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:KK}}
[[Category:Lists of songs recorded by Indian singers]]

List of songs recorded by KK

2026-01-26T07:47:10Z

Heymfaizanali: Structure improved and content revised

Bharatpedia:WikiProject Rajasthan

2026-01-11T01:08:49Z

Heymfaizanali: created a details more to come

{{WikiProject status|inactive|parent=India|type=geo|sc1=WP:INRJ}}
{{Wikipedia:WikiProject India/Navigation}}

The Rajasthan WikiProject is a group of [[Wikipedia:Wikipedians|Wikipedian]]s dedicated to improving Wikipedia's coverage of topics related to the [[States and union territories of India|Indian State]] of [[Rajasthan]]. Purpose of creation of this [[Wikipedia:WikiProject|project]] is twofold:
*improve Wikipedia's coverage of Rajasthan by creating, expanding, and maintaining factual articles,
*to serve as the point of discussion for issues related to Rajasthan in Wikipedia.

If you would like to help, please inquire on the [[{{NAMESPACE}} talk:{{PAGENAME}}|talk page]] and see the [[Wikipedia:WikiProject_Rajasthan#To-do_list|to-do list]] there.

'''[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Rajasthan/New articles|New articles]]''' page contains articles that may be Rajasthan related. Please add this page your watchlist and monitor the articles.

==Scope==
The scope of this article fundamentally is loosely defined as all articles and sections relating to [[Rajasthan]]. Almost all of these will be (eventually) categorised under [[:Category:Rajasthan]] and [[:Category:India]]

==Goals==
# Creation of a generally standard look and feel for all Rajasthan-related articles.
# To produce as many [[Wikipedia:Featured articles|Featured Articles]] as possible related to Rajasthan.
# To produce as many [[Wikipedia:Good articles|Good Articles]] as possible related to Rajasthan.
# To write as many [[WP:DYK|Did you know]] articles as possible related to Rajasthan.
# Rajasthan-related Tourist Attractions to be given more importance and it should be improved with suitable images of the places, since these articles will be read by many from outside India. Those who read about Rajasthan should have the feeling that they should visit Rajasthan and India.

==Articles needing assessment==
*'''[[:Category:Unassessed India articles]] ({{PAGESINCATEGORY:Unassessed India articles}})'''
*'''[[:Category:Unknown-importance India articles]] ({{PAGESINCATEGORY:Unknown-importance India articles}})'''

Reviewers looking for articles to assess may also want to check [[:Category:India articles needing attention]] ({{PAGESINCATEGORY:India articles needing attention}}). Be sure to remove the <code><nowiki>|attention=yes</nowiki></code> if there is no obvious or blatant problems left.

==Participants==
===Active members===
To join WikiProject Rajasthan, edit this section and add the [[Help:Wikitext|Wikitext]] <code><nowiki>#{{subst:me}}</nowiki></code> with your areas of interest to the bottom of the following list of members. Members should also place [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Rajasthan#Member identification|member identification]] on their user page.
#{{user|TheSlumPanda}}
#{{User|AKS2000}}
#{{User|JPskylight}}
#{{User|Lalit82in}}
#{{User|Premsukhdidel}}
#{{User|Razer2115}}
#{{User|shemaroo}}
#{{User|Tinucherian}}
#{{User|Mahensingha}}
#{{User|TrendSPLEND}}
#{{User|NiSHaCHaR}}
#{{user|Hardyisback11188}}
#{{user|Sajaypal007}}
#{{user|Mukesh.kfc}}
#{{user|Vkwiki100}}
#{{User|Super Dud}} 15:33:58, 28 November 2024 (UTC)  History, Geography, Politics, Public Administration, and Culture.

===Former members===
Thank you for your help! Please move your username back to the active list when you can participate again.
#{{User|Buaidh}} 19:20:06, 19 July 2019 (UTC) – WikiProject templates and categories.
#{{User|Chikukiri}}
#{{User|Premprakashmeena.iitkgp}}
#{{User|Ankit Sihag}}
#{{User|Abhishekitmbm}}
#{{User|Adroit09}}
#{{User|Arun sharma 101}}
#{{User|Ashishthejoshi}}
#{{User|asopa.aditya}}
#{{User|Bushramuzaffar}}
#{{User|GDibyendu}}
#{{User|LRBurdak}}
#{{User|Onef9day}}
#{{User|Pratyush.shrivastava}}
#{{User|Race911}}
#{{User|Rahulmothiya}}
#{{User|ComputerVisionGuy}}
#{{User|Rajtrivedi2001}}
#{{User|rohpar10}}
#{{user|Royalrajasthan2013}}
#{{User|Thebharatam}}
#{{User|viksheku}}
#{{User|fallenindec}}
#{{User|ShriMehndipurbalaji}}
#{{User|Vishal0soni}}
#{{User|Avgr8}}
#{{User|Jangid}}
#{{user|Rahilljoshi5}}
#{{User|AshokChakra}}
#{{User|Gattuanju}}
#{{User|Mayankj429}}
#{{user|Nonethelessian}}
#{{user|P S chalukya}}
#{{user|HimeshAudichya10}}

===Member identification===
Members of WikiProject Rajasthan should place one of the following lines of [[Help:Wikitext|Wikitext]] on their [[Special:MyPage|user page]] to add it to '''{{nobreak|[[:Category:WikiProject Rajasthan participants]]}}'''.
{{yytop}}
{{yycat|WikiProject Rajasthan participants}}
{{yy|Template:User WikiProject Rajasthan}}
{{yy|Template:User WP Rajasthan}}
{{yy|Template:User WP Rajasthan|invite}}
{{yyend}}
For other Rajasthan user templates, see '''{{nobreak|[[:Category:Rajasthan user templates]]}}'''
#{{User|Mukesh.kfc}} 08:48:28, 19 January 2022 (UTC) .

==Project Context==
===Parentage===
*[[Wikipedia:WikiProject India]]
**[[Wikipedia:WikiProject India/States|Indian states]]

===Descendant WikiProjects===
* [[Wikipedia:WikiProject_Udaipur | WikiProject Udaipur]]

===Similar WikiProjects===
*[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Kerala]]
*[[Wikipedia:WikiProject_Tamil_Nadu]]

===Discussion===
*[[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Rajasthan]]

==Project Standards==
===Naming conventions===
*[[Wikipedia:Naming conventions (Indic)]]

===Structure===
Refer to
*[[Wikipedia:WikiProject_Indian_states#Sections]] for state articles
*[[Wikipedia:WikiProject_Indian_districts#Sections]] for district articles
*[[Wikipedia:WikiProject_Indian_cities#Sections]] for city articles

== Reference ==
*[http://www.bibschoolsurvey.com/bschool2009/Rank%20list.pdf Business India Magazine. November 2009. Business Schools Survey]

*[http://www.aicte-india.org/downloads/ET/Rajasthan_ET.pdf 2014 - All India Council for Technical Education, New Delhi]

== WikiProject Rajasthan notice ==

Place this WikiProject notice {{tl|WP India}} at the top of an article's Talk page to direct editors to the WikiProject Rajasthan for guidelines.

To use it, place
'''<nowiki>{{WP India|rajasthan=yes|rajasthan-importance=}}</nowiki>'''
at the top of an article's Talk page.
It will produce:
{{WP India|rajasthan=yes|category=no}}

==Stubs==
For stubs about the geography of Rajasthan, use '''{{tl|rajasthan-geo-stub}}'''. This will go into the [[:Category:Rajasthan geography stubs]] category.

==Templates==
{{Template:User WikiProject Rajasthan}}

 Use following code on your user page to identify yourself as a member of this WikiProject.
<pre>{{User WikiProject Rajasthan}}</pre>

==Featured articles==
*[[Marwari horse]]
*[[Ram Narayan]]
*[[James Tod]]

===Featured lists===

==Good Articles==
*[[Junagarh Fort]]
*[[Pushkar Lake]]
*[[Om Banna]]

==Articles currently in [[Wikipedia:Featured article candidates|FAC]]==
* none at the moment

==Articles currently in [[Wikipedia:Peer review|PR]]==
* none at the moment

==To-do list==
* Contribute to [[Climate of Rajasthan]], since this is one of the most distinct part of Rajasthan as a state of [[India]] and extremely important aspect.
* Check [[Rajasthani people]] for punctuation, grammar and syntax etc. It may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. Please improve this article for punctuation, grammar and syntax (tense) if you can.
* Article [[Ravanahatha]] needs immediate attention.
* New stub [[Lulwa Khas, India]] needs immediate attention.
* Updated template {Template:Districts_of_Rajasthan} need some fixes in formatting + articles on few missing items.
{{User:WolterBot/Cleanup listing subscription|wgcat=WikiProject Rajasthan articles}}
* Wikipedia Templates for Ajmer, Bikaner, Alwar, Jaiselmer, Banswara and other major cities of Rajasthan are pending creation. For reference, see [[Template:Udaipur]]
* Need to accelerate the creation of content about various topics in and around Rajasthan.
[[Category:WikiProject Rajasthan]]
[[Category:India-related WikiProjects|Rajasthan]]

== Tools ==
{{Main|Wikipedia:Tools}}
You can use the following automatic/semi-automatic tools to analyse and improve articles:
*[[tools:~dispenser/view/Reflinks|Reflinks]] - Edits bare references - adds title/dates etc. to bare references
*[[tools:~dispenser/view/Checklinks|Checklinks]] - Edit and repair external links
*[[tools:~dispenser/view/Dab_solver|Dab solver]] - Quickly resolve ambiguous links.
*[[tools:~dispenser/view/Peer_reviewer|Peer reviewer]] - Provides hints and suggestion to improving articles.

{{sisterlinks|Rajasthan}}
{{Help navigation}}
{{Wikipedia policies and guidelines|state=collapsed}}
{{WikiProject Footer}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rajasthan}}
[[Category:WikiProjects participating in Wikipedia 1.0 assessments]]

Parsis cricket team in England in 1888

2025-12-17T16:23:04Z

Heymfaizanali: put up basic data more to come

{{Short description|International cricket tour (1888)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
The [[Parsis]]<ref name=name /> made their '''second tour of England in 1888'''. The fifteen member team played mostly against amateur teams and was more successful than [[Parsi cricket team in England in 1886|the tourists of 1886]].

==The tour==
The second Parsi team played 31 matches, winning 8 and losing 11, a considerable improvement upon the performance of the 1886 team which won only one out of 28. As in the previous tour, none of the matches are deemed [[first class cricket|first class]]. The tour was arranged by [[Pestonji Kanga]], D.C. Pandole and J.M. Divecha. The outstanding success of the tour was [[M.E. Pavri|Mehellasha Pavri]] who some consider as the first great Indian cricketer.<ref>Raiji, p. 92.</ref><ref>Bose, p. 25.</ref> A fast round-arm bowler, he took 170 wickets at an average of 11.66. At [[Eastbourne]], he is said to have sent a bail flying nearly 50 yards, and at [[Norfolk]] when he uprooted a stump, it flew nine yards and pitched itself the right way up. Cooper who scored 952 runs at 18.30 topped the run aggregate. The tour saw the first appearance of players like [[Dinshaw Writer]] and [[Nasarvanji Bapasola]] who were to earn prominence in the 1890s.

Against the Gentlemen of Eastbourne, Parsis were made to follow-on and led by 122 in the second innings. But Pavri claimed six wickets and Eastbourne was bowled out for 56. At [[Scarborough, North Yorkshire|Scarborough]], the opponents who needed four runs to win in the last half-hour were restricted to just three. The tour started on 7 June and ended on 13 September.

==The team==
{{div col|colwidth=16em}}
* P.D. Kanga
* S.H. Harvar
* J.M. Morenas
* [[M.E. Pavri]]
* R.D. Cooper
* D.F. Dubash
* N.C. Bapasola
* M.D. Kanga
* A.D. Vatcha
* K.R. Eranee
* D.S. Mehta
* D.C. Pandole
* B.D. Mody
* D.N. Writer
* J.M. Divecha
{{div col end}}

Harvar and Morenas were the only players who were part of the 1886 team.

==Match scores==
1. 7–8 June at Leyton : Gentlemen of Essex 447 Parsis 134 and 205 for 9
:Match drawn

2. 12–13 June at Blackheath : Gentlemen of Kent 146 and 250 Parsis 243 and 61 for 7
:Match drawn

3. 14–15 June at Richmond : Gentlemen of Richmond 225 Parsis 99 for 8
:Match drawn (12 a side)

4. 18–19 June at Chiswick Park : Parsis 80 and 161 Gentlemen of West Middlesex 164 and 78 for 5
:Gentlemen of West Middlesex won by 5 wickets

5. 22–23 June at The Oval : Gentlemen of Surrey 126 and 366 Parsis 113 and 79
:Gentlemen of Surrey won by 300 runs

6. 25–26 June at Southampton : Gentlemen of Hampshire 152 and 211 Parsis 137 and 116
:Gentlemen of Hampshire won by 110 runs

7. 29–30 June at Brighton : Parsis 155 and 91 Gentlemen of Sussex 387
:Gentlemen of Sussex won by an innings and 141 runs

8. 3–4 July at Hastings : Gentlemen of Hastings 182 and 95 Parsis 145 and 133 for 1
:Parsis won by nine wickets

9. 6–7 July at Portsmouth : Parsis 133 and 120 United Services 124 and 45 for 3
:Match drawn

10. 9–10 July at Rochdale : Gentlemen of Rochdale 295 Parsis 54 for no loss
:Match drawn

11. 13–14 July at Longsight : Parsis 40 and 70 Gentlemen of Longsight 131
:Gentlemen of Longsight won by an innings and 21 runs

12. 16–17 July at Stoke : Parsis 155 and 98 Gentlemen of Staffordshire 101 and 37 for 2
:Match drawn

13. 18–19 July at Glasgow : West of Scotland 82 and 230 Parsis 89 and 27
:West of Scotland won by 196 runs

14. 20–21 July at Bury : Gentlemen of Bury 64 and 40 Parsis 156
:Parsis won by an innings and 52 runs

15. 23–24 July at Liverpool : Parsis 51 and 134 Gentlemen of Liverpool 130 and 56 for 5
:Gentlemen of Liverpool won by 5 wickets

16. 27–28 July at Lord's : Parsis 91 and 35 for 2 MCC and Ground 179
:Match drawn

17. 30–31 July at Northampton : Parsis 119 and 81 Gentlemen of Northamptonshire 61 and 42
:Parsis won by 97 runs

18. 3–4 August at Bournemouth : Gentlemen of Bournemouth 56 and 41 Parsis 61 and 37 for 4
:Parsis won by 7 wickets (12 a side))

19. 6–7 August at Norwich : Parsis 78 and 129 Gentlemen of Norfolk 137 and 73 for 9
:Gentlemen of Norfolk won by 1 wicket

20. 8–9 August at Cambridge : Cambridge University LVC 106 and 296 for 7 Parsis 254
:Match drawn

21. 13–14 August at Eastbourne : Gentlemen of Eastbourne 302 and 56 Parsis 168 and 256
:Parsis won by 66 runs

22. 17–18 August at Leyton : Parsis 121 and 149 Twelve of Public Schools 178 and 94 for 4
:Twelve of Public Schools won by 6 wickets

23. 20–21 August at Lord's : Parsis 177 and 74 MCC and Ground 232 and 21 for no loss
:MCC and Ground won by 10 wickets

24. 22–23 August at Richmond : Gentlemen of Richmond 97 and 100 Parsis 164 and 35 for 3
:Parsis won by 7 wickets

25. 24–25 August at Selhurst : Parsis 78 and 162 Gentlemen of Surrey 115 and 63
:Parsis won by 62 runs

26. 27–28 August at Scarborough : Parsis 119 and 91 Gentlemen of Scarborough 140 and 70 for 7
:Match drawn

27. 31 August and 1 September at Bridlington : Parsis 169 and 73 Gentlemen of Bridlington 91 and 131
:Parsis won by 20 runs

28. 4–5 September at Birmingham : Gentlemen of Warwickshire 200 and 219 Parsis 164 and 62 for 3
:Match drawn

29. 6–7 September at Leicester : Parsis 40 and 114 for 5 Gentlemen of Leicestershire 226
:Match drawn

30. 10–11 September at Buxton : Parsis 132 and 91 Gentlemen of North Derbyshire 125 and 17 for 2
:Match drawn

31. 12–13 September at the Oval : Gentlemen of Surrey 49 and 160 Parsis 82 and 118
:Gentlemen of Surrey won by nine runs

==See also==
* [[Parsi cricket team in England in 1886]]

==Notes==
<references>
<ref name=name>''Parsee'' is a colonial English spelling of what is now commonly written as ''[[Parsi people|Parsi]]''</ref>
</references>

==References==
{{refbegin}}
* [[Vasant Raiji]], ''India's Hambledon Men'', Tyeby Press (1986)
* [[Mihir Bose]], ''A History of Indian Cricket'', Andre-Deutsch (1990)
{{refend}}

{{International cricket tours of England}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Parsi Cricket Team In England In 1888}}
[[Category:1888 in English cricket]]
[[Category:1888 in Indian cricket]]
[[Category:International cricket competitions from 1844 to 1888]]
[[Category:Indian cricket tours of England|Parsi 1888]]

List of parks in Kolkata

2025-12-07T09:06:51Z

Heymfaizanali: Starting new entry added tags!

{{Short description|Parks in Kolkata}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2025}}
Below is the list of [[urban park]]s or gardens, [[zoological garden]]s, [[botanical garden]]s and amusement parks in the city or outskirts of Kolkata, more precisely in the [[Kolkata Metropolitan Area]].<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:95177-Kolkata.jpg|[[Kolkata]] skyline across the Maidan
File:Kolkata Maidan afternoon.jpg|View of the [[Victoria Memorial, Kolkata|Victoria Memorial Hall]]
File:Pure Solitarity.jpg|Rabindra Sarobar
File:Roses blooming in the rose garden during winter.jpg|Valley of flowers at Eco Park
File:Central Park Kolkata - Walking Track.JPG|Walking track at Central Park
File:Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden - Howrah 2011-02-20 1643.JPG|AJC Bose Botanical Garden, Howrah
</gallery>
==Urban Parks==
===Large urban parks===
The list contains urban parks which have area more than 50 Acres.
{|class="sortable wikitable"
! style="background-color:#00FF7F;"|Name
! style="background-color:#00FF7F;"|Location
! style="background-color:#00FF7F;"|Area
|-
|[[Maidan (Kolkata)|Maidan]]
|Central [[Kolkata]]
|1283 Acres (total) 400 Acres(urban green space)

|-
| [[Eco Park, New Town|Eco Park]]
|[[New Town, Kolkata|New Town]]
|480 Acres
|-
|[[Rabindra Sarobar]]
|[[South Kolkata]]
|192 Acres
|-
|[[Central Park (Kolkata)|Central Park]]
|[[Bidhannagar|Salt Lake]]
|152 Acres
|-
|[[Subhas Sarobar|Subhas Sarobar Park]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chakraborty |first=Ajanta |date=2020-11-07 |title=Fingers crossed for Kolkata's Subhas Sarobar |work=[[Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/fingers-crossed-for-subhas-sarobar/articleshow/79088593.cms}}</ref>
|[[East Kolkata]]
|73 Acres
|-
|[[Victoria Memorial]] Gardens
|Central Kolkata
|64 Acres
|}

===Small urban parks===
{{Expand section|date=June 2023}}
The list consist small parks, municipality parks or gardens etc.
*[[Mohor Kunja]], Central Kolkata
*[[Millennium Park (Kolkata)|Millennium Park]], [[North Kolkata]]
*[[Deshapriya Park]], [[South Kolkata]]
*Elliot Park, Central Kolkata<ref>{{Cite news |last=Saikat |first=Ray |date=19 August 2017 |title=Kolkata Municipal Corporation to renovate Elliot Park |newspaper=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/kolkata-municipal-corporation-to-renovate-elliot-park/articleshow/60135117.cms?from=mdr }}</ref>
*Minto Park, Circus Ave<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roy |first=Subhajoy |date=2023-03-04 |title=KMC starts drainage repairs on Sourav Ganguly street in south Kolkata |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/my-kolkata/news/kolkata-municipal-corporation-starts-drainage-repairs-on-sourav-ganguly-street-in-south-kolkata/cid/1920310 |website=My Kolkata |publisher=Telegraph India}}</ref>
*[[Vidyasagar Udyan]], Hastings
*Safari Park, [[Gariahat]]

==Botanical gardens==
{|class="sortable wikitable"
! style="background-color:#00FF7F;"|Name
! style="background-color:#00FF7F;"|Location
! style="background-color:#00FF7F;"|Area
|-
|[[Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden]]
|[[Shibpur]], [[Howrah]]
|270 Acres
|}
==Zoological gardens==
{|class="sortable wikitable"
! style="background-color:#00FF7F;"|Name
! style="background-color:#00FF7F;"|Location
! style="background-color:#00FF7F;"|Area
|-
|[[Zoological Garden, Alipore]]
|[[Alipore]]
|46 Acres
|-
|Harinalaya Mini Zoo<ref>{{Cite web |last=PTI |date=2023-02-20 |title=Mini zoo in New Town area to have himalayan black bear, lion, tiger |url=https://theprint.in/india/mini-zoo-in-new-town-area-to-have-himalayan-black-bear-lion-tiger-2/1385441/ |access-date=2023-06-04 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref>
|[[New Town, Kolkata|New Town]]
|12.5 Acres<ref>{{Cite web |last=MP |first=Team |date=2023-02-09 |title=New Town: Mamata opens mini zoo covering 12.5 acre |url=https://www.millenniumpost.in/bengal/new-town-mamata-opens-mini-zoo-covering-125-acre-508131 |access-date=2023-06-04 |website=MillenniumPost |language=en}}</ref>
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Parks in Kolkata|*]]
[[Category:Kolkata-related lists|Parks]]
[[Category:Lists of parks in India|Kolkata]]

List of Ali Baba (TV series) episodes

2025-12-06T20:46:21Z

Heymfaizanali: Starting initial bio more to come

{{Short description|List of episode article for an Indian TV series}}
{{italic title|string=Ali Baba}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2023}}
'''''[[Ali Baba (Indian TV series)|Ali Baba]]''''' is an Indian [[fantasy]] television series based on the ''[[Arabian Nights]]'' character [[Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves|Ali Baba]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/sheezan-khan-excited-about-being-alibaba-on-small-screen/articleshow/93187187.cms|title=Sheezan Khan excited about being Alibaba on small screen - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=28 July 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/exclusive-im-elated-to-be-a-part-of-alibaba-dastaan-e-kaabul-says-tunisha-sharma/articleshow/92902292.cms|title=Exclusive! I'm elated to be a part of Alibaba-Dastaan-e-Kaabul, says Tunisha Sharma - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=16 July 2022 }}</ref> The series follows the life of an orphan Alibaba, from the Mamuli Gali of Kabul, and the challenges he faces while he tries to protect and take care of five other orphan children.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/tv-preview-new-shows-to-twists-in-tales-what-to-look-out-for-in-the-week-ahead/articleshow/93206348.cms|title=TV Preview: New shows to twists in tales, what to look out for in the week ahead - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=29 July 2022 }}</ref> The series premiered on 22 August 2022 on [[Sony SAB]] and digitally streams on [[SonyLIV]].

==Series overview==
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" style="text-align:center"
|+
|-
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="padding: 0 8px" | No. of season
! rowspan="2" |No of episodes
! colspan="2" | Originally broadcast (India)
|-
! style="padding: 0 8px" | First aired
! style="padding: 0 8px" | Last aired
|-
|style="background:cyan"|
| align="center" | [[#Chapter 1: Dastaan-E-Kabul|1]]
| align="center" | 126
| align="center" | {{Start date|2022|08|22|df=yes}}
| align="center" | {{End date|2023|01|14|df=yes}}
|-
|style="background:lightblue"|
| align="center" | [[#Chapter 2: Ek Andaaz Andekha|2]]
| align="center" | 113
| align="center" | {{Start date|2023|01|16|df=yes}}
| align="center" | {{End date|2023|06|09|df=yes}}
|}

== Episode list ==
=== Chapter 1: Dastaan-E-Kabul ===
{{Episode table |background=cyan|overall= |title= = |airdate= |airdateR=<ref name="EP" >{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/episodes |title=Alibaba - Dastaan-e-Kabul Episodes |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>|country=In |episodes=

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 1
|Title = 40 Choro Ka Khauff
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|08|22|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/40-choro-ka-khauff-1000185014 |title=Ep1. 40 Choro Ka Khauff |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 2
|Title = Ali Baba Gets Flashbacks
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|08|23|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/ali-baba-gets-flashbacks-1000185108 |title=Ep2. Ali Baba Gets Flashbacks |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 3
|Title = Shaitaan Se Jung
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|08|24|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/shaitaan-se-jung-1000185219 |title=Ep3. Shaitaan Se Jung |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 4
|Title = Ali In Trouble
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|08|25|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/ali-in-trouble-1000185384 |title=Ep4. Ali In Trouble |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 5
|Title = Mamuli Gali
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|08|26|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/mamuli-gali-1000185566 |title=Ep5. Mamuli Gali |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 6
|Title = Chand Pe Grahan
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|08|27|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/chand-pe-grahan-1000185683 |title=Ep6. Chand Pe Grahan |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 7
|Title = Mazboot Hausla
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|08|29|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/mazboot-hausla-1000185938 |title=Ep7. Mazboot Hausla |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 8
|Title = Imtihaan Ki Ghadi
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|08|30|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/imtihaan-ki-ghadi-1000186112 |title=Ep8. Imtihaan Ki Ghadi |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 9
|Title = Return Of The Thieves
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|08|31|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/return-of-the-thieves-1000186282 |title=Ep9. Return Of The Thieves |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 10
|Title = Choro Ka Hamla
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|01|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/choro-ka-hamla-1000186480 |title=Ep10. Choro Ka Hamla |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 11
|Title = Shezaadi Khatre Mein
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|02|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/shezaadi-khatre-mein-1000186655 |title=Ep11. Shezaadi Khatre Mein |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 12
|Title = Princess On The Run
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|03|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/princess-on-the-run-1000186853 |title=Ep12. Princess On The Run |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 13
|Title = Nayaab Zewar
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|05|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/nayaab-zewar-1000187202 |title=Ep13. Nayaab Zewar |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 14
|Title = Search For Mariam
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|06|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/search-for-mariam-1000187452 |title=Ep14. Search For Mariam |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 15
|Title = Kabul Badal Gaya Hai
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|07|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/kabul-badal-gaya-hai-1000187624 |title=Ep15. Kabul Badal Gaya Hai |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 16
|Title = Mariam In Trouble
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|08|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/mariam-in-trouble-1000187822 |title=Ep16. Mariam In Trouble |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 17
|Title = Baccho Ki Maangein
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|09|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/baccho-ki-maangein-1000187956 |title=Ep17. Baccho Ki Maangein |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 18
|Title = Shehzaadi Ki Khoj
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|10|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/shehzaadi-ki-khoj-1000188060 |title=Ep18. Shehzaadi Ki Khoj |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 19
|Title = Shehdidi
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|12|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/shehdidi-1000188426 |title=Ep19. Shehdidi |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 20
|Title = Farewell To The Sultan
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|13|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/farewell-to-the-sultan-1000188527 |title=Ep20. Farewell To The Sultan |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 21
|Title = Ali Meets Shehzaadi
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|14|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/ali-meets-shehzaadi-1000188696 |title=Ep21. Ali Meets Shehzaadi |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 22
|Title = Kameez Chor
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|15|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/kameez-chor-1000188857 |title=Ep22. Kameez Chor |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 23
|Title = Shehzaadi Gets Captured
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|16|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/shehzaadi-gets-captured-1000188996 |title=Ep23. Shehzaadi Gets Captured |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 24
|Title = Jumma Bazaar
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|17|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/jumma-bazaar-1000189084 |title=E24. Jumma Bazaar |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 25
|Title = Simsim's Betrayal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|19|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/simsim-s-betrayal-1000189311 |title=E25. Simsim's Betrayal |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 26
|Title = Chaalis Choro Ka Hamla
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|20|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/chaalis-choro-ka-hamla-1000189419 |title=E26. Chaalis Choro Ka Hamla |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 27
|Title = Kabul Ki Kismat
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|21|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/kabul-ki-kismat-1000189528 |title=Ep27. Kabul Ki Kismat |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 28
|Title = Adhura Hissa
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|22|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/adhura-hissa-1000189634 |title=E28. Adhura Hissa |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 29
|Title = Duaaon Ki Taakat
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|23|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/duaaon-ki-taakat-1000189764 |title=Ep29. Duaaon Ki Taakat |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 30
|Title = Ali Gets Suspicious
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|24|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/ali-gets-suspicious-1000189920 |title=Ep30. Ali Gets Suspicious |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 31
|Title = Ali Ka Muqqadar
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|26|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/ali-ka-muqqadar-1000190264 |title=31. Ali Ka Muqqadar |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 32
|Title = Yateem Khaane Ke Jabaaz
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|27|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/yateem-khaane-ke-jabaaz-1000190390 |title=32. Yateem Khaane Ke Jabaaz |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 33
|Title = Nakli Nayab
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|28|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/nakli-nayab-1000190474 |title=33. Nakli Nayab |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 34
|Title = Zindagi Ka Aaina
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|29|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/zindagi-ka-aaina-1000190577 |title=34. Zindagi Ka Aaina |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 35
|Title = Baccho Ki Fikr
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|09|30|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/baccho-ki-fikr-1000190688 |title=35. Baccho Ki Fikr |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 36
|Title = Ali's Sacrifice
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|01|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/ali-s-sacrifice-1000190776 |title=36. Ali's Sacrifice |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 37
|Title = Takht Aur Taakat
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|03|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/takht-aur-taakat-1000190970 |title=37. Takht Aur Taakat |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 38
|Title = Satrangi Indradhanush
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|04|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/satrangi-indradhanush-1000191047 |title=E38. Satrangi Indradhanush |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 39
|Title = Bawandar
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|05|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/bawandar-1000191195 |title=E39. Bawandar |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 40
|Title = Naseeb Ka Khel
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|06|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/naseeb-ka-khel-1000191287 |title=E40. Naseeb Ka Khel |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 41
|Title = Ali Ka Udan Khatola
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|07|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/ali-ka-udan-khatola-1000191472 |title=E41. Ali Ka Udan Khatola |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 42
|Title = Kabul Ka Jaadugar
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|08|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/kabul-ka-jaadugar-1000191553 |title=42. Kabul Ka Jaadugar |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 43
|Title = Ali Ka Janaza
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|10|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/ali-ka-janaza-1000191804 |title=43. Ali Ka Janaza |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 44
|Title = Mariam's New Home
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|11|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/mariam-s-new-home-1000191866 |title=44. Mariam's New Home |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 45
|Title = Jadugar Ki Khoj
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|12|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/jadugar-ki-khoj-1000192033 |title=45. Jadugar Ki Khoj |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
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{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 46
|Title = Laal Kapda
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|13|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/laal-kapda-1000192217 |title=46. Laal Kapda |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 47
|Title = Sheer Yakh
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|14|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/sheer-yakh-1000192342 |title=47. Sheer Yakh |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 48
|Title = Dil Jeetne Ki Tarkeeb
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|15|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/dil-jeetne-ki-tarkeeb-1000192444 |title=48. Dil Jeetne Ki Tarkeeb |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 49
|Title = Josh O Kharosh
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|17|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/josh-o-kharosh-1000192689 |title=49. Josh O Kharosh |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 50
|Title = Kale Jaadu Ki Taakat
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|18|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/kale-jaadu-ki-taakat-1000192807 |title=50. Kale Jaadu Ki Taakat |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 51
|Title = Sautele Bhaiyo Ka Rishta
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|19|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/sautele-bhaiyo-ka-rishta-1000192903 |title=51. Sautele Bhaiyo Ka Rishta |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 52
|Title = Indradhanush Ka Naksha
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|20|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/indradhanush-ka-naksha-1000193015 |title=52. Indradhanush Ka Naksha |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 53
|Title = Zoravar Ko Hua Shak
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|21|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/zoravar-ko-hua-shak-1000193152 |title=53. Zoravar Ko Hua Shak |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 54
|Title = Diwali Ke Kapde
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|22|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/diwali-ke-kapde-1000193222 |title=54. Diwali Ke Kapde |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 55
|Title = Parvaz Ki Peheli Diwali
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|24|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/parvaz-ki-peheli-diwali-1000193433 |title=55. Parvaz Ki Peheli Diwali |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 56
|Title = Diwali Ka Jaadu
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|25|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/diwali-ka-jaadu-1000193516 |title=56. Diwali Ka Jaadu |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 57
|Title = Sunehra Kal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|26|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/sunehra-kal-1000193625 |title=57. Sunehra Kal |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 58
|Title = Kudrati Karishma
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|27|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/kudrati-karishma-1000193747 |title=58. Kudrati Karishma |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 59
|Title = Aman Sarai
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|28|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/aman-sarai-1000193855 |title=59. Aman Sarai |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 60
|Title = Hamle Ki Taiyaari
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|29|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/hamle-ki-taiyaari-1000193966 |title=60. Hamle Ki Taiyaari |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 61
|Title = Mariam's Revenge
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|10|31|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/mariam-s-revenge-1000194129 |title=61. Mariam's Revenge |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 62
|Title = Haiwan Ka Hamla
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|01|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/haiwan-ka-hamla-1000194230 |title=62. Haiwan Ka Hamla |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 63
|Title = Madad Ka Paigam
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|02|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/madad-ka-paigam-1000194360 |title=63. Madad Ka Paigam |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 64
|Title = Kismat Ki Jaadui Takat
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|03|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/kismat-ki-jaadui-takat-1000194530 |title=64. Kismat Ki Jaadui Takat |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 65
|Title = Abaiz Ki Raat
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|04|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/abaiz-ki-raat-1000194657 |title=65. Abaiz Ki Raat |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 66
|Title = Simsim Finds The Wizard
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|05|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/simsim-finds-the-wizard-1000194727 |title=66. Simsim Finds The Wizard |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 67
|Title = Chhalawa
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|07|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/chhalawa-1000195003 |title=67. Chhalawa |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 68
|Title = Simsim Ki Gufa
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|08|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/simsim-ki-gufa-1000195049 |title=68. Simsim Ki Gufa |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 69
|Title = Khulja Simsim
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|09|df=yes}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/khulja-simsim-1000195198 |title=69. Khulja Simsim |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 70
|Title = Ali Ki Nayi Dastaan
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|10|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/ali-ki-nayi-dastaan-1000195315 |title=70. Ali Ki Nayi Dastaan |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 71
|Title = Khaas Maksad
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|11|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/khaas-maksad-1000195392 |title=71. Khaas Maksad |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 72
|Title = Kismat Ka Naya Khel
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|12|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/kismat-ka-naya-khel-1000195531 |title=72. Kismat Ka Naya Khel |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 73
|Title = Shahi Sadak Ka Jashan
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|14|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/shahi-sadak-ka-jashan-1000195748 |title=73. Shahi Sadak Ka Jashan |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 74
|Title = Chalis Choro Ka Khazana
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|15|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/chalis-choro-ka-khazana-1000195855 |title=74. Chalis Choro Ka Khazana |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 75
|Title = Simsim's Trap
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|16|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/simsim-s-trap-1000195972 |title=75. Simsim's Trap |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 76
|Title = Ali's Misfortune
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|17|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/ali-s-misfortune-1000196086 |title=76. Ali's Misfortune |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 77
|Title = Maut Ki Gufa
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|18|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/maut-ki-gufa-1000196211 |title=77. Maut Ki Gufa |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 78
|Title = Jaadugar Ki Talaash
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|19|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/jaadugar-ki-talaash-1000196322 |title=78. Jaadugar Ki Talaash |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 79
|Title = Iblis Ka Khaas Tohfa
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|21|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/iblis-ka-khaas-tohfa-1000196567? |title=79. Iblis Ka Khaas Tohfa |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 80
|Title = Parwaz Mein Dehshat
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|22|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/parwaz-mein-dehshat-1000196667 |title=80. Parwaz Mein Dehshat |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 81
|Title = Parwaz Ka Rakhwala
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|23|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/parwaz-ka-rakhwala-1000196752 |title=81. Parwaz Ka Rakhwala |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 82
|Title = Talisman Ki Taakat
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|24|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/talisman-ki-taakat-1000196857 |title=82. Talisman Ki Taakat |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 83
|Title = Choti Badi Musibatein
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|25|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/choti-badi-musibatein-1000196937 |title=83. Choti Badi Musibatein |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 84
|Title = Fakri Ka Hamla
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|26|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/fakri-ka-hamla-1000197040 |title=84. Fakri Ka Hamla |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 85
|Title = Khauf Ka Manzar
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|28|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/khauf-ka-manzar-1000197201 |title=85. Khauf Ka Manzar |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 86
|Title = Zehereela Paani
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|29|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/zehereela-paani-1000197276 |title=86. Zehereela Paani |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 87
|Title = Zeher Ka Ilaaj
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|11|30|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/zeher-ka-ilaaj-1000197374 |title=87. Zeher Ka Ilaaj |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 88
|Title = Ali Ki Akhri Ummeed
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|1|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/ali-ki-akhri-ummeed-1000197498 |title=88. Ali Ki Akhri Ummeed |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 89
|Title = Fakri Se Aamna Saamna
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|2|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/fakri-se-aamna-saamna-1000197605 |title=89. Fakri Se Aamna Saamna |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 90
|Title = Talisman Ka Istemaal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|3|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/talisman-ka-istemaal-1000197719 |title=Talisman Ka Istemaal |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 91
|Title = Rakhwale Ka Sach
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|5|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/rakhwale-ka-sach-1000198069 |title=91. Rakhwale Ka Sach |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 92
|Title = Jadugar Ka Khel
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|6|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/jadugar-ka-khel-1000198182 |title=92. Jadugar Ka Khel |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 93
|Title = Khazane Ke Haqdaar
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|7|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/khazane-ke-haqdaar-1000198398 |title=93. Khazane Ke Haqdaar |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 94
|Title = Jokhim Bhara Raasta
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|8|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/jokhim-bhara-raasta-1000198593 |title=94. Jokhim Bhara Raasta |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 95
|Title = Kismat Se Juda Rishta
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|9|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/kismat-se-juda-rishta-1000198786 |title=95. Kismat Se Juda Rishta |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 96
|Title = Qasim Ki Hatya
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|10|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/qasim-ki-hatya-1000199041 |title=96. Qasim Ki Hatya |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 97
|Title = Janaze Ki Taiyaari
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|12|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/janaze-ki-taiyaari-1000199341 |title=97. Janaze Ki Taiyaari |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 98
|Title = Jadui Nishaan
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|13|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/jadui-nishaan-1000199472 |title=98. Jadui Nishaan |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 99
|Title = Parwaz Ki Dhaal
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|14|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/parwaz-ki-dhaal-1000199692 |title=99. Parwaz Ki Dhaal |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 100
|Title = Kale Jadu Ki Kitaab
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|15|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/kale-jadu-ki-kitaab-1000199873 |title=100. Kale Jadu Ki Kitaab |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 101
|Title = Baaz Ki Parchai
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|16|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/baaz-ki-parchai-1000200056 |title=101. Baaz Ki Parchai |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 102
|Title = Mustafa Ki Paheli
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|17|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/mustafa-ki-paheli-1000200270 |title=102. Mustafa Ki Paheli |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
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}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 103
|Title = Neela Darwaaza
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|19|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/neela-darwaaza-1000200666 |title=103. Neela Darwaaza |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 104
|Title = Tilismi Duniya
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|20|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/tilismi-duniya-1000200768 |title=104. Tilismi Duniya |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 105
|Title = Bhool Bhulaiyaa Ki Chaabi
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|21|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/bhool-bhulaiyaa-ki-chaabi-1000200889 |title=105. Bhool Bhulaiyaa Ki Chaabi |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 106
|Title = Noor Ka Asli Haqdaar
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|22|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/noor-ka-asli-haqdaar-1000201074 |title=106. Noor Ka Asli Haqdaar |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 107
|Title = Akhari Imtehaan
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|23|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/akhari-imtehaan-1000201308 |title=107. Akhari Imtehaan |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 108
|Title = Noor Aur Talisman
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|24|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/noor-aur-talisman-1000201485 |title=Ep108. Noor Aur Talisman |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 109
|Title = Mariam Se Marjina Ka Safar
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|26|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/mariam-se-marjina-ka-safar-1000201784 |title=E109. Mariam Se Marjina Ka Safar |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 110
|Title = Manhoos Khwaab
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|27|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/manhoos-khwaab-1000201925 |title=110. Manhoos Khwaab |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 111
|Title = Simsim Ka Aaghaaz
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|28|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/simsim-ka-aaghaaz-1000202087 |title=E111. Simsim Ka Aaghaaz |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 112
|Title = Parwaz Par Kaala Saaya
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|29|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/parwaz-par-kaala-saaya-1000202245 |title=E112. Parwaz Par Kaala Saaya |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 113
|Title = Putalo Ka Sheher
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|30|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/putalo-ka-sheher-1000202357 |title=E113. Putalo Ka Sheher |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 114
|Title = Rakhwale Ki Khoj
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2022|12|31|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/rakhwale-ki-khoj-1000202479 |title=E114. Rakhwale Ki Khoj |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 115
|Title = Nakaabposh Madadgaar
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|2|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/nakaabposh-madadgaar-1000202795 |title=E115. Nakaabposh Madadgaar |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 116
|Title = Simsim Ka Kala Saaya
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|3|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/simsim-ka-kala-saaya-1000202922 |title=E116. Simsim Ka Kala Saaya |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 117
|Title = Parwaz Ka Farishta
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|4|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/parwaz-ka-farishta-1000203088 |title=E117. Parwaz Ka Farishta |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 118
|Title = Kale Jaadu Ka Asar
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|5|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/kale-jaadu-ka-asar-1000203267 |title=E118. Kale Jaadu Ka Asar |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 119
|Title = Simi Jaan Ka Jaadu
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|6|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/simi-jaan-ka-jaadu-1000203436 |title=E119. Simi Jaan Ka Jaadu |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 120
|Title = Noora Ka Sach
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|7|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/noora-ka-sach-1000203614 |title=E120. Noora Ka Sach |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 121
|Title = Parwaz Mein Kushti Ka Mukaabla
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|9|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/parwaz-mein-kushti-ka-mukaabla-1000203862 |title=E121. Parwaz Mein Kushti Ka Mukaabla |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 122
|Title = Mustafa Ki Kitaab
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|10|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/mustafa-ki-kitaab-1000203990 |title=E122. Mustafa Ki Kitaab |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 123
|Title = Kitaab Ki Khoj
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|11|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/kitaab-ki-khoj-1000204114 |title=123. Kitaab Ki Khoj |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 124
|Title = Ali Ki Yaadein
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|12|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/ali-ki-yaadein-1000204236 |title=E124. Ali Ki Yaadein |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 125
|Title = Pavitra Shakti
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|13|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/pavitra-shakti-1000204403 |title=E125. Pavitra Shakti |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 126
|Title = Khoonkhaar Dian
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|14|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/khoonkhaar-dian-1000204585 |title=E126. Khoonkhaar Dian |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}
}}

=== Chapter 2: Ek Andaaz Andekha ===
{{Episode table |background=lightblue|overall= |title= |airdate= |airdateR=|country=India |episodes=

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 127
|Title = Murdo Ki Nadi
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|16|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/murdo-ki-nadi-1000204919 |title=127. Murdo Ki Nadi |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 128
|Title = Bala Ki Gufa
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|17|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/bala-ki-gufa-1000205167 |title=128. Bala Ki Gufa |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 129
|Title = Farishta Vs Bala
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|18|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/farishta-vs-bala-1000205435 |title=129. Farishta Vs Bala |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 130
|Title = Ali Ka Naya Chehra
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|19|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/ali-ka-naya-chehra-1000205720 |title=130. Ali Ka Naya Chehra |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 131
|Title = Ali Ka Punar Janam
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|20|df=y}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-dastaan-e-kabul-1700000883/ali-ka-punar-janam-1000205994 |title=131. Ali Ka Punar Janam |website=www.sonyliv.com}}</ref>
|ShortSummary =
|LineColor = 000
}}

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber =132
|Title =The All-Seeing Sword
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2023|01|21|df=yes}}
|ShortSummary =Ali uses the powers of the All-Seeing Sword to find out Simsim's plan. Simsim gets aggravated when she finds out that she only has a few days to save Iblis.
|LineColor = 000
}}
}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb episodes|21280214}}
* [https://www.sonyliv.com/shows/alibaba-1700000883 ''Alibaba - Dastaan-e-Kabul''] on [[SonyLIV]]

{{Sony SAB Programmes}}
{{Portal bar|India|Television}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ali Baba: Dastaan-E-Kabul episodes, List of}}
[[Category:Hindi serials episodes articles]]
[[Category:Lists of Indian television series episodes]]
[[Category:Lists of fantasy television series episodes]]
[[Category:Lists of children's television series episodes]]

2014 Budget of Delhi

2025-11-25T05:16:46Z

Heymfaizanali: enhance article further and improved wording

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{infobox government budget
| title = Delhi Budget
| year = 2014
| country = India
| previous_budget =
| previous_year =
| next_budget =
| next_year =
| image = Emblem_of_India.svg
| imagesize = 100px
| caption = [[Emblem of India]]
| submitter = [[Arun Jaitley]]
| submitted_to =
| date_submitted = 18 July 2014
| presented =
| passed =
| parliament = [[Lok Sabha]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| minister = [[Finance Minister of India|Finance Minister]]
| treasurer =
| chancellor =
| Total_Revenue =
| Total_Expenditures = [[Indian rupee|INR]] 36766 crore
| spending =
| tax_cut =
| debt_payment =
| surplus =
| deficit =
| debt =
| bill =
| bill_link =
| url = [http://www.indiabudget.nic.in www.indiabudget.nic.in]
}}

The Budget of Delhi, India for 2014–2015 was presented by [[Arun Jaitley]] the [[Finance Minister of India]] on 18 July 2014 in [[Lok Sabha]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Arun Jaitley presents Delhi Budget in Parliament; power subsidy announced|url=http://zeenews.india.com/business/news/economy/arun-jaitley-to-present-delhi-budget-today-power-subsidy-may-be-announced_104175.html|accessdate=18 July 2014|agency=Zee Media|publisher=Zee News|date=18 July 2014}}</ref> The total Budget estimate for the [[Government of Delhi|Government of NCT of Delhi]] for the year 2014-15 is Rs. 36766 crore (equivalent to US$6 billion).<ref>{{cite news|title=Delhi Budget: FM Arun Jaitley imposes no new tax|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/business/economy/delhi-budget-fm-arun-jaitley-imposes-no-new-tax/|accessdate=19 July 2014|newspaper=The Indian Express|date=18 July 2014}}</ref>

==Salient features of the budget==
* Power subsidy for the consumers with fair use of electricity.
* Rs 700 crore allocated to improve the power transmission and water distribution system.
* Rs 500 crore proposed for the reform in the water sector.
* Rs 200 crore proposed for reform in the power sector.
* Multi-speciality hospital in Rohini.<ref name=hl>{{cite news|title=Highlights of Delhi Budget 2014 : Delhi, News - India Today|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/delhi-budget-2014-highlights-200822-2014-07-18|access-date=18 July 2014|agency=India Today|date=18 July 2014}}</ref>

==Budget 2014: Highlights of Finance Minister Arun Jaitley’s Budget speech==
* Rs. 260 crore allocated for the power subsidy in Delhi.
* Multi-specialty hospital to be established in [[Rohini Sub City|Rohini]] region of Delhi.
* Numbers of Night Centers to be increased.
* Four new sewage treatment plants will be set up.
* Community toilets to be set up in JJ clusters
* News buses up to 1,380 to be provided by [[Delhi Transport Corporation|DTC]].
* Pension scheme extend from 3.90 lakh people to 4.30 lakh people
* 20 New government girl schools to be opened.
* 110 new ambulance number to be increased in view of cases in Delhi.

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Government of Delhi]]
[[Category:2014 in Indian economy]]
[[Category:2014 government budgets|Delhi]]
[[Category:State budgets of India]]
[[Category:Economy of Delhi]]
[[Category:2010s in Delhi]]

{{india-gov-stub}}

Janampalli

2025-11-19T12:25:25Z

Heymfaizanali: Starting first entry more to come

'''Janampalli''' ([[Telugu language|Telugu]]: జనంపల్లి) is a [[Telugu language|Telugu]] surname. Variants of the surname include '''Janampally''' and '''Janumpally'''. Notable people with the surname include:

* [[Janampalli Anirudh Reddy]] (born 1980), Indian politician
* [[Janumpally Rameshwar Rao]] (1923–1998), Indian politician

{{surname}}
[[Category:Telugu-language surnames]]

The Rights of Minorities in the Islamic State

2025-11-15T01:26:48Z

Heymfaizanali: general fixed details per sources as per guidelines

{{Short description|Book}}
{{italic title}}
{{onesource|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox book
| author = [[Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi]]
| language = [[Urdu]]
| country = [[Pakistan]]
| genre = Non-fiction
| pub_date = 1954
| title_orig = Islami riyasat main zimmiun ke huquq
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Use Pakistani English|date=January 2025}}
'''''The Rights of Minorities in the Islamic State''''' ({{langx|ur|Islami riyasat main zimmiun ke huquq}}) is a book written by [[Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi]], published in Lahore, [[Pakistan]] in 1954.

In it Maududi references the [[Millet (Ottoman Empire)|millet]] system and its organization along communal lines as a possible way the [[Islamic state]] would deal with minority rights according to the [[sharia]] concept of [[Dhimmi|dhimma]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.cfr.org/content/publications/attachments/Nasr.pdf | title = International Relations of an Islamist Movement: The Case of the Jama'at-i Islami of Pakistan | accessdate = 2006-06-25 | last = Nasr | first = Vali | author-link = | year = 2000 | publisher = Council on Foreign Relations | pages = 24 }}</ref>

== References ==
<references/>

{{Abul Ala Maududi}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rights of Minorities in the Islamic State}}
[[Category:1954 non-fiction books]]
[[Category:Books by Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi]]
[[Category:Minorities]]

{{Islam-book-stub}}
{{law-book-stub}}

Tarun Bharat

2025-10-12T21:03:56Z

Heymfaizanali: improve section per sources and cleaned formatting

{{Short description|Marathi language newspaper in western India}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{More citations needed|date=July 2019}}
{{One source|date=June 2021}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2019}}

{{Infobox newspaper
| name = Tarun Bharat
| logo = TarunBharatLogo.png
| logo_size = 220px
| image = TarunBharatCover.jpg
| image_size = 240px
| caption =
| type = Daily [[newspaper]]
| format = [[Broadsheet]]
| owners = Tarun Bharat Daily Pvt Ltd.
| publisher = Tarun Bharat Daily Pvt Ltd.
| chief_editor = Ankush Gorad
| founded = {{start date and age|1919}}
| language = [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| headquarters = [[Belagavi]], [[Karnataka]]
| circulation =
| ISSN =
| oclc =
| website = {{URL|http://www.tarunbharat.com}}
| free = {{URL|http://epaper.tarunbharat.com/}}
}}
'''''Tarun Bharat''''' ("Young India") is a [[Marathi language|Marathi]] newspaper based in [[Belagavi]], [[India]].<ref>[[Registrar of Newspapers for India|RNI]] | Reg. No.3735/1957 | Name: TARUN BHARAT | Publication City: BELAGAVI | Link: http://rni.nic.in/registerdtitle_search/registeredtitle_ser.aspx</ref> It is the seventh-largest-selling Marathi daily newspaper in the country. The paper has eight editions from locations in [[North Karnataka]] (Belagavi), Southern [[Maharashtra]] ([[Kolhapur]], [[Sangli]], [[Satara (city)|Satara]]), [[Konkan]] ([[Sindhudurg]] and [[Ratnagiri]]), [[Mumbai]] and [[Goa]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-14 |title=Tarun Bharat Marathi Newspaper |url=https://apps.apple.com/us/app/tarun-bharat-marathi-newspaper/id642374809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250501044333/https://apps.apple.com/us/app/tarun-bharat-marathi-newspaper/id642374809 |archive-date=1 May 2025 |access-date=2025-05-31 |website=[[App Store (Apple)]] |language=en-US |quote=It is the seventh-largest-selling Marathi daily newspaper in the country. It has 7 editions from in North Karnataka (Belgaum), South Maharashtra (Kolhapur, Sangli, Satara) Kokan (Sindhudurg) and Goa. In the year 1919 the late Shri Baburao Thakur started the newspaper keeping in mind the development of Education and to fight against the British.}}</ref>

Baburao Thakur founded the newspaper 1919 during the British colonial era.
The Current Editor is Kiran B. Thakur and the Executive Director is Prasad K. Thakur.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tarun Bharat Ad Rates 2025 {{!}} Book Your Ad in Newspaper |url=https://riyoadvertising.com/tarunbharat.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250321212705/https://riyoadvertising.com/tarunbharat.shtml |archive-date=21 March 2025 |access-date=2025-05-31 |website=www.riyoadvertising.com |language=en |quote=Its Current Editor is Shri Kiran B. Thakur and the Executive Director is Shri. Prasad K. Thakur. It has editions from: Belgaum, Kolhapur, Sangli, Satara, sindhudurg, Ratnagiri, Mumbai and Goa. Tarun Bharat has supplements on day to day basis like: Khazana, Mukta, Champion Aksharyatra, Gharkul.}}</ref>

==Supplementary magazines==
* Khazana (Wednesday)
* Mukta (Friday) a Supplement for women
* Champion (Saturday) a Supplement for Children
* Aksharyatra (Sunday)
* Gharkul (Sunday only for Belgaum edition) Supplement on property
* Diwali Magazine

==See also==
* [[List of Marathi-language newspapers]]
* [[List of newspapers in India]]
{{clear}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.tarunbharat.com Website]

{{Newspapers in India}}

[[Category:Marathi-language newspapers]]
[[Category:Newspapers established in 1919]]
[[Category:1919 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Newspapers published in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Belgaum]]
[[Category:Mass media in Goa]]

I Love NY (2015 film)

2025-08-19T09:09:38Z

Heymfaizanali: adjusted details and corrected details to improve readability

#REDIRECT [[I Love New Year]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from move}}
}}

Eniyadi

2025-08-15T09:54:57Z

Heymfaizanali: /* Nearby Places */ ==References== {{reflist}}

{{Orphan|date=October 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{unreferenced|date=December 2014}}

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Eniyadi
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = city
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Eniyadi Maqam
| pushpin_map = India Kerala
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Kasaragod, Kerala, India
| coordinates = {{coord|12|30|7|N|75|15|52|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Kerala]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of regions of India|Region]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Malabar (Northern Kerala)|Malabar]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Kasaragod district|Kasaragod]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body = Kuttikol Grama Panchayath
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 1000+
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]], [[English language|English]], [[Kannada language|Kannada]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 671541
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 04994 , +91
| registration_plate = KL-14 , KL-60
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest Town
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Bandadka]]
| blank1_name_sec2 = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| blank1_info_sec2 = [[Climatic regions of India|cool pleasant]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])
| website = {{URL|www.?}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Eniyadi''' is a small village in [[Kuttikol Panchayath]] and near [[Bandaduka]] Town in the [[Kasaragod District|Kasaragod]]. [[Eniyadi Maqam]] is a religious place of Muslims. Eniyadi is about {{convert|1|km|mi|1}} from [[Thayal Eniyadi]] to [[Bandaduka]] Town.

==Sports==

Major sports are [[association football|soccer]], [[cricket]] and [[volleyball]].

==Holy Places==
* Badar Juma Masjid
* Eniyadi Maqam
* Noorul Islam Madrassa

==Clubs==
* New Green Star arts and sports club

==Nearby Places==
* [[Thayal Eniyadi]]
* [[Bandaduka]] Town

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Kerala}}
{{North Malabar}}
{{Municipalities of Kerala}}

[[Category:Suburbs of Kasaragod]]

State election commission (India)

2025-08-12T23:04:07Z

Heymfaizanali: created initial data basic info - done

{{Short description|State-level electoral agencies}}
{{Politics of India}}

'''States Election Commission''' is an [[Autonomy|autonomous]] and [[constitutional]] body empowered to conduct free and fair elections to [[Local government in India|local self government institutions]] in the [[States and union territories of India|states and union territories of India]]. Established as per the provisions of Article 243 of the [[Constitution of India]], the states Election Commissions are responsible for conducting elections for the local bodies at the state level. It is supervised by a state election commissioner appointed by the [[Governor (India)|Governor]] of the corresponding state.

== Structure ==
State Election Commissions are [[autonomous]] bodies that were formed as per the Article 243K of the [[Constitution of India]].<ref name="IE">{{cite news |title=State election panels: Independent of central EC, with similar powers |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/state-election-panels-independent-of-central-ec-with-similar-powers-5132220/ |access-date=6 December 2021 |work=[[The Indian Express]]|date=12 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=India State Election|url=https://www.elections.in/state-elections.html |access-date=6 December 2021 |work=Elections.in}}</ref><ref name="BS">{{cite news |title=What is Election Commission of India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/about/what-is-election-commission-of-india|access-date=6 December 2021 |work=[[Business Standard]]}}</ref> It is headed by a state election commissioner, who is appointed by the [[Governor (India)|Governor]] of the respective state.<ref>{{cite news |title=India Code: Section Details |url=https://www.indiacode.nic.in/show-data?actid=AC_CEN_18_21_00005_199426_1517807320414&sectionId=42788&sectionno=98&orderno=98 |access-date=6 December 2021 |work=Indiacode}}</ref><ref name="SEC">{{cite news |title=State Election Commissioner Conditions of Service Rules, 1994 |url=https://indiankanoon.org/doc/153820283/ |access-date=6 December 2021 |work=India Kanoon}}</ref> The term of the commissioner can be a maximum of five years from the date on which he/she assumes his office. However, the commissioner retires from office if he/she attains the age of sixty-five years before the expiry of the term. The commissioner can also be removed if found to be of unsound mind, declared insolvent, or convicted of criminal offences.<ref name="SEC"/> The commission consists of as many members and staff specified as are required by the acts of respective state governments. Election Commissioners are independent persons not holding position or office in any central or state government organisations.<ref>{{cite news |title=State election commissioners should be independent, says SC |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/state-election-commissioners-should-be-independent-says-sc/cid/1809411 |work=[[Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]] |date=13 March 2021 |access-date=1 June 2025}}</ref>

== Functions ==
States Election Commission in India are responsible
for the supervision of state level elections.<ref name="IE"/> It is responsible for conducting elections to urban local bodies such as [[Municipal corporations of India|municipal corporations]] and [[Municipal council (India)|municipalities]], and [[Panchayati Raj|panchayat]] institutions such as [[Gram panchayat|village panchayats]], [[Panchayat samiti|block panchayats]], and [[District council (India)|district councils]]. It is also responsible for the implementation of a model code of conduct during the election process, and updation of electoral rolls.<ref name="IE"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Election Commission directs all state electoral officers to immediately redress all pending voter applications |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/india/election-commission-directs-state-electoral-officers-immediately-redress-pending-voter-applications-1503026387.html |access-date=6 December 2021 |work=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]] |date=23 November 2021}}</ref>

At the states and union territories, the elections to the [[Parliament of India|national]], the [[State legislative assemblies of India|state legislative assemblies]], [[State legislative councils of India|state legislative councils]] and the offices of the [[President of India|president]] are conducted under the direction of the [[Election Commission of India]] and is supervised by the chief electoral officer of the state or union territory. At the district and constituency levels, election related work is carried out by the district election officers, electoral registration officers and returning officers.<ref name="About">{{cite web|url=https://www.eci.gov.in/about-eci|title=About ECI|work=[[Election Commission of India]]|access-date=1 June 2025}}</ref>

== List of state election commissions ==
Following is the list of Election Commissions for each state and union territory in India:<ref>{{cite web |title=State-wise election commissions|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/95-state-wise/ |work=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=7 December 2021}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! State || Election Commission
|-
|[[Andhra Pradesh]]
|[[Andhra Pradesh State Election Commission|Andhra Pradesh Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Arunachal Pradesh]]
|[[Arunachal Pradesh State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Assam]]
|[[Assam State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Bihar]]
|[[Bihar State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Chhattisgarh]]
|[[Chhattisgarh State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Delhi]]
|[[Delhi State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Goa]]
|[[Goa State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Gujarat]]
|[[Gujarat State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Haryana]]
|[[Haryana State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Himachal Pradesh]]
|[[Himachal Pradesh State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
|[[Jammu and Kashmir State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Jharkhand]]
|[[Jharkhand State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Karnataka]]
|[[Karnataka State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Kerala]]
|[[Kerala State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Madhya Pradesh]]
|[[Madhya Pradesh State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Maharashtra]]
|[[Maharashtra State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Manipur]]
|[[Manipur State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Meghalaya]]
|[[Meghalaya State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Mizoram]]
|[[Mizoram State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Nagaland]]
|[[Nagaland State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Odisha]]
|[[Odisha State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
|[[Punjab State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]]
|[[Puducherry State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Rajasthan]]
|[[Rajasthan State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Sikkim]]
|[[Sikkim State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Tamil Nadu]]
|[[Tamil Nadu State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Telangana]]
|[[Telangana State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Tripura]]
|[[Tripura State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Uttar Pradesh]]
|[[Uttar Pradesh State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[Uttarakhand]]
|[[Uttarakhand State Election Commission]]
|-
|[[West Bengal]]
|[[West Bengal State Election Commission]]
|-
|}

== See also ==

* [[Election Commission of India]]

== References ==

{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://eci.gov.in/files/category/95-state-wise/ State wise election commissions]



[[Category:Election commissions in India| ]]

Delhi IT Park

2025-07-23T17:17:39Z

Heymfaizanali: Page updated with relevant improvements

{{Short description|IT Park complex in Delhi}}{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{notability |date=July 2025}}
{{unref|date=August 2012}}
{{coord|28.6722859|77.2503039|display=title}}

[[File:Delhi IT Park.jpg|thumb|Delhi IT Park Block 1]]

The '''Delhi IT Park''' is an IT park complex developed by [[Delhi Metro Rail Corporation]] (DMRC). It is a [[Software Technology Parks of India|Software Technology Park]] situated in [[Shastri Park]] close to the [[Shastri Park (Delhi Metro)|metro station]]. The IT Park complex comprises three separate blocks. The IT Park Block 1 has been operational since April 2005. The construction of the IT Park Block 2 has been completed and IT Park Block 3 has been operational since August 2011.

Block 1 and Block 2 comprise two basements, one podium floor, eight floors, a terrace, and a separate sub-station building for each block. The podium floor of Block 2 has a gymnasium, a conference hall, and training rooms, which are common to all the Blocks.

Block 1 has a parking capacity of 278 cars and Block 2 has parking for 223 cars. There is external parking as well, where 453 cars can be parked.

The companies currently operating in Delhi IT Park are [[Royal Bank of Scotland|RBS]], RCIL and [[Genpact]].

==External links==
*[http://www.delhimetrorail.com Delhi Metro Rail Corporation]
*[http://www.nic.in/ National Informatics Centre]

[[Category:Software technology parks in India]]
[[Category:Economy of Delhi]]
[[Category:North East Delhi district]]

Kogram

2025-06-24T03:46:25Z

Heymfaizanali: Minor updates and cleanup applied

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kogram
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India
| nickname =
| coordinates = {{coord|23|32|20|N|87|53|53|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name =
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Purba Bardhaman district|Purba Bardhaman]]
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| website = {{URL|http://purbabardhaman.gov.in/}}
}}
'''Kogram''' is a village in [[Mongalkote]] [[Community development block in India|CD block]] in [[Katwa subdivision]] of [[Purba Bardhaman district]] in [[West Bengal]], [[India]].

==History==
[[File:View of the Ajay River from Mangalchandi Temple, Ujani (1).jpg|thumb|left|200 px|Ajay from Mangalchandi temple]]
According to [[Binoy Ghosh]], Kogram is located at the confluence of the [[Ajay River|Ajay]] and the [[Kunur River|Kunur]]. The Ajay has been eating up parts of Kogram and pushing it back. In olden days Ujani or Ujaninagar (not to be confused with [[Ujjaini]]) covered a much bigger area, covering present day Kogram, [[Mongalkote]] and surrounding areas. [[Kabikankan Mukundaram Chakrabarti|Kabikankan Mukundaram]] (16th century poet), in his [[Chandimangal]], as well as other poets of the era, have spoken of the fortified Ujani, its king Vikramkesari and its merchants. Ujani was the home of Dhanapati Sadagar. It was also the paternal home of [[Behula]] of [[Manasamangal]] fame. In the olden days, many merchants lived in the riverine territory now a part of [[Purba Bardhaman district|Purba Bardhaman]] and [[Hooghly district|Hooghly]] districts, with easy access to the port-town of [[Saptagram]]. Around 700 merchants are said to have come to Ujani to attend the last rites Dhanapati Sadagar’s father. The merchants had close links and were mostly centered around Karjana and Saptagram.<ref name=binoyghosh>Ghosh, Binoy, ''Paschim Banger Sanskriti'', (in Bengali), part I, 1976 edition, page 190-203, Prakash Bhaban</ref>

Binoy Ghosh says that it is thought that the merchant class had operated from this riverine territory for around fifteen hundred years and the merchant families amassed enormous wealth. It was a common practice to anchor or submerge the boats in ‘Bhramarar Daha’ when not in use. They used to sail to far off lands. Dhanapati Sadagar had sailed to what is present day [[Sri Lanka]], and when he did not return for a long time, his son, Srimanta Sadagar, set sail in search of him. Life in the region was affected with the changing course of rivers and the arrival of European merchants.<ref name=binoyghosh/>

See also - [[Kasba, Bardhaman|Kasba]] for Champaknagari of [[Chand Sadagar]] and [[Manasamangal]] fame.

==Geography==
{{OSM Location map
| width=370| height=250| zoom=10
| coord={{coord|23|36|0|N|88|3|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''Cities and towns in the Katwa subdivision of Purba Bardhaman district''' M: municipal city/ town, CT: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, H: historical place/ religious and/ or cultural centre, C: craft centre. Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly
|mark-coord1={{coord|23|39|0|N|88|7|48|E}} | label-pos1=top|label1=Katwa | numbered1=M| mark-title1= [[Katwa]] (M)|label-color1=#800000 |label-size1=13| mark-size1=13|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1=#800000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2
|mark-coord2={{coord|23|36|22|N|88|10|47|E}} | label-pos2=right|label2=Dainhat| numbered2=M| mark-title2= [[Dainhat]] (M)
|mark-coord3={{coord|23|37|30|N|88|7|56|E}} | label-pos3=bottom|label3=Panuhat | numbered3=CT| mark-title3= [[Panuhat]] (CT)|shape-color3=#A40000
|mark-coord4={{coord|23|31|30|N|87|54|12|E}} | label-pos4=bottom|label4= Mongalkote| numbered4=R| mark-title4= [[Mongalkote]] (R)| shape-color4=#C42222
|mark-coord5={{coord|23|42|6|N|88|2|38|E}} | label-pos5=left|label5= Ketugram| numbered5=R| mark-title5= [[Ketugram]] (R)| shape-color5=#C42222
|mark-coord6={{coord|23|32|44|N|87|54|8|E}} | label-pos6=right|label6= Nutanhat| numbered6=R| mark-title6= [[Nutanhat]] (R)| shape-color6=#C42222
|mark-coord7={{coord|23|43|53|N|87|58|10|E}} | label-pos7=right|label7= Kandra| numbered7=R| mark-title7= [[Kandra, Bardhaman]] (R)| shape-color7=#C42222
|mark-coord8={{coord|23|43|20|N|88|5|52|E}} | label-pos8=top|label8= Gangatikuri| numbered8=R| mark-title8= [[Gangatikuri]] (R)| shape-color8=#C42222
|mark-coord9={{coord|23|27|50|N|88|4|29|E}} | label-pos9=right|label9= Chandrapur| numbered9=R| mark-title9= [[Chandrapur, Bardhaman]] (R)| shape-color9=#C42222
|mark-coord10={{coord|23|34|17|N|87|58|53|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10= Singot| numbered10=R| mark-title10= [[Singot]] (R)| shape-color10=#C42222
|mark-coord11={{coord|23|34|20|N|88|4|47|E}} | label-pos11=right|label11= Srikhanda| numbered11=R| mark-title11= [[Srikhanda]] (R)| shape-color11=#C42222
|mark-coord12={{coord|23|41|8|N|88|8|21|E}} | label-pos112right|label12=Uddharanpur| numbered12=H| mark-title12= [[Uddharanpur]] (H)| shape-color12=#AA6666
|mark-coord13={{coord|23|32|50|N|87|52|42|E}} | label-pos13=left|label13=Kogram| numbered13=H| mark-title13= Kogram (H)| shape-color13=black| label-size13=13|label-color13=black 
|mark-coord14={{coord|23|31|16|N|88|10|43|E}} | label-pos14=right|label14=Sribati| numbered14=H| mark-title14= [[Sribati]] (H)| shape-color14=#AA6666
|mark-coord15={{coord|23|31|16|N|88|5|36|E}} | label-pos15=right|label15=Karui| numbered15=H| mark-title15= [[Karui]] (H)| shape-color15=#AA6666
|mark-coord16={{coord|23|34|50|N|88|2|50|E}} | label-pos16=top|label16= Bankapasi| numbered16=C| mark-title16= [[Bankapasi]] (C)| shape-color16=#C42222
|mark-coord17={{coord|23|30|40|N|88|1|38|E}} | label-pos17=bottom|label17=Kshirgram| numbered17=H| mark-title17= [[Kshirgram]] (H)| shape-color17=#AA6666
|mark-coord18={{coord|23|37|48|N|88|6|13|E}} | label-pos18=left|label18=Jajigram| numbered18=H| mark-title18= [[Jajigram]] (H)| shape-color19=#AA6666
|mark-coord19={{coord|23.6213|88.1915}}| label19=Hooghly River| label-color19 = #77A1CB| label-angle19=20| label-pos19=top| label-size19=10| mark-size19=0| mark-title19 =none
|mark-coord20={{coord|23.6434|87.9914}}| label20=Ajay River| label-color20 = #77A1CB| label-angle20=-5| label-pos20=right| label-size20=10| mark-size20=0| mark-title20 =none}}

===Location===
It is located at {{coord|23|32|20|N|87|53|53|E|}}.

===Urbanisation===
88.44% of the population of Katwa subdivision live in rural areas. Only 11.56% of the population live in urban areas.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 Bardhaman | work = Table 2.2 | publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 25 January 2019 | archive-date = 21 January 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook | url-status = dead }}</ref> The map alongside show some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

==Demographics==
As per the [[2011 Census of India]] Kogram had a total population of 383, of which 209 (55%) were males and 174 (45%) were females. Population below 6 years was 46. The total number of literates in Kogram was 219 (64.99% of the population over 6 years).<ref name=census3-2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/pcadata/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = 2011 Census – Primary Census Abstract Data Tables | work= West Bengal – District-wise |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 20 March 2017 }}</ref>

==Culture==
[[Kumud Ranjan Mullick]], a notable [[Bengali literature|Bengali writer and poet]], was born at Kogram on 3 March 1882, and wrote many of his poems there. He was a teacher at Mathrun School located nearby. Lochan Das, author of [[Chaitanya Mangala]] (16th century), was born at Kogram. There is a memorial temple in the village.<ref name=Wikimapia>{{cite web|title=Location of Kogram|url=http://wikimapia.org/#lang=en&lat=23.538504&lon=87.896644&z=17&m=b&show=/1136896/Kogram-Residence-of-famous-Poet-Kumudranjan-Mallik|publisher=Wikimapia|access-date=19 September 2014}}</ref><ref>Chattopadhyay, Akkori, ''Bardhaman Jelar Itihas O Lok Sanskriti'' (History and Folk lore of Bardhaman District.), {{in lang|bn}}, Vol II, p 621, Radical Impression. {{ISBN|81-85459-36-3}}</ref>
[[File:Mangalchandi Temple, Ujani (2).jpg|thumb|200 px|Mangalchandi temple]]
Kogram is a sakti peetha and is famous for the temple of goddess [[Chandi]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://purbabardhaman.gov.in/general_info/tourism.php |title = Purba Bardhaman district| work= Tourism|publisher= District Administration | access-date = 18 February 2019}}</ref>

It is said that a piece of the right arm-bend of Sati fell at Kogram and it is considered one of the fifty one shakti peethas.<ref>Chattopadhyay, Akkori, ''Bardhaman Jelar Itihas O Lok Sanskriti'' (History and Folk lore of Bardhaman District.), {{in lang|bn}}, Vol II, pages 587, Radical Impression. {{ISBN|81-85459-36-3}}</ref>

As in other parts of neighbouring rural Bengal, in the Ujani-Kogram area also, the non-Aryan content in the regional religious practices were predominant. There was conflict and gradual assimilation of other schools of thought. At one point of time [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] [[Tantra|tantric]] practices and [[Jainism]] must have prevailed at Ujani. In the temple of Chandi there is an ancient idol of [[Gautam Buddha]]. Earlier, there was also an idol of Jain [[tirthankara]] [[Shantinatha]] – it was taken away and is now at [[Bangiya Sahitya Parishad]] in Kolkata.<ref name=binoyghosh/>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Kogram}}

{{Purba Bardhaman District}}
{{Temple towns in West Bengal}}

[[Category:Villages in Purba Bardhaman district]]