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Krishnaganj Assembly constituency

2026-05-07T17:47:56Z

HGNJanell4801: adding details - done

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Krishnaganj
| type = SLA
| map_image = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|from=Vidhan Sabha constituencies/West Bengal/Krishnaganj.map}}
| map_caption = Interactive Map Outlining Krishnaganj Assembly Constituency
| map_alt =
| state = [[West Bengal]]
| district = [[Nadia district|Nadia]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Ranaghat Lok Sabha constituency|Ranaghat]]
| constituency_no = 88
| established = 1977
| reservation = SC
| abolished =
| mla = Sukanta Biswas
| party = {{Party index link|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| alliance = {{Party index link|National Democratic Alliance}}
| latest_election_year = [[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2026]]
| electors = 253,036
}}

'''Krishnaganj Assembly constituency''' is an [[Vidhan Sabha|assembly]] constituency in [[Nadia district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]]. It is reserved for [[Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes|scheduled castes]].

==Overview==
As per orders of the [[Delimitation Commission of India|Delimitation Commission]], No. 88 Krishnaganj Assembly constituency (SC) is composed of the following: [[Krishnaganj (Community development block)|Krishnaganj]] [[Community Development Block in India|community development block]], and Badkulla-I, Badkulla-II, Betna Gobindapur, Dakshin Para I, Dakshin Para II, Gajna, Mayurhat I and Mayurhat II [[gram panchayat]]s of [[Hanskhali (Community development block)|Hanskhali]] community development block.<ref name=delimitation>{{cite web|url=http://ceowestbengal.nic.in/news_pdf/gazette123.pdf |title=Delimitation Commission Order No. 18 |access-date=2010-08-21 |publisher=Government of West Bengal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918130255/http://ceowestbengal.nic.in/news_pdf/gazette123.pdf |archive-date=2010-09-18 }}</ref>

Krishnaganj Assembly constituency (SC) is part of No. 13 [[Ranaghat (Lok Sabha constituency)]] (SC).<ref name=delimitation/>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
===Hanskhali===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[1977 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
|rowspan="3"|Jnanendranath Biswas
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|dab=yes|rowspan=8}}
|-
|[[1982 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1982]]
|-
|1983^
|-
|[[1987 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1987]]
|Nayan Chandra Sarkar
|-
|[[1991 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1991]]
|rowspan="3"|[[Sushil Biswas]]
|-
|[[1996 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1996]]
|-
|[[2001 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2001]]
|-
|[[2006 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2006]]
|Binay Krishna Biswas
|}

===Krishnaganj===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2011]]
|[[Sushil Biswas]]
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
|2015^
|rowspan="2"|[[Satyajit Biswas]]
|-
|[[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2016]]
|-
|2019^
|rowspan="2"|[[Ashis Kumar Biswas]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=3}}
|-
|[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2021]]
|-
|[[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2026]]
|Sukanta Biswas
|}

* ^ = by-election

==Election results==
===2026===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]: Krishnaganj}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Sukanta Biswas
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|votes = {{formatnum:}} 1,39,838
|percentage = 60.15
|change = {{increase}}9.42
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[ Samir Kumar Poddar ]]
|party = Trinamool Congress
|votes = {{formatnum:}} 78,939
|percentage = 33.96
|change = {{decrease}}7.6
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Archana Biswas
|party = Left Front (West Bengal)
|votes = {{formatnum:}} 6,833
|percentage = 2.94
|change = {{decrease}}1.77
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Milan Kumar Mandal
|party = Independent
|votes = {{formatnum:}} 1,229
|percentage = 0.53
|change = {{New}}
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Sankar Sarkar
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = {{formatnum:}} 1,085
|percentage = 0.47
|change = {{new}}
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Chaina Biswas Bala
|party = Independent
|votes = {{formatnum:}} 910
|percentage = 0.39
|change = {{new}}
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Santosh Kumar Adhikary
|party = Guruchand Sena Dal
|votes = {{formatnum:}} 586
|percentage = 0.25
|change = {{new}}
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Asit Baran Biswas
|party = SUCI(C)
|votes = {{formatnum:}} 561
|percentage = 0.24
|change = {{new}}
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Dulal Biswas
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|votes = {{formatnum:}} 523
|percentage = 0.22
|change = {{decrease}}0.56
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Animesh Biswas
|party = Independent
|votes = {{formatnum:}} 458
|percentage = 0.2
|change = {{new}}
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Subir Biswas
|party = Independent
|votes = {{formatnum:}} 363
|percentage = 0.16
|change = {{new}}
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = Rathin Barai
|party = Independent
|votes = {{formatnum:}} 219
|percentage = 0.09
|change = {{new}}
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|party = None of the above (India)
|votes = {{formatnum:}} 923
|percentage = 0.4
|change = {{decrease}}0.5
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = {{formatnum:}} 60,899
|percentage = 26.19
|change = {{increase}}17.02
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = {{formatnum:}} 2,32,467
|percentage = 91.87
|change = {{increase}}6.7
}}
{{Election box Registered electors
|reg. electors =2,53,036
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = BJP
|loser = AITC
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2021===
{{Election box begin | title=Assembly elections, 2021: Krishnaganj}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Ashis Kumar Biswas]]
|votes = 1,17,668
|percentage = 50.73
|change = {{decrease}}2.52
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Tapas Mandal]]
|votes = 96,391
|percentage = 41.56
|change = {{increase}}2.27
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = [[Jhunu Vaidya]]
|votes = 10,913
|percentage = 4.71
|Change = }}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Dipali Biswas
|votes = 1,801
|percentage = 0.78
|Change = }}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = None of the Above
|votes = 2099
|percentage = 0.9
|Change = }}

{{Election box majority
|votes = 21,277
|percentage = 9.17
|change = }}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 2,31,938
|percentage = 85.18
|change = }}
{{Election box Registered electors
|reg. electors =2,72,279
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2019 By election===
In the Krishnaganj seat, the by-election was held due to the murder of the sitting TMC MLA Satyajit Biswas.

{{Election box begin | title=Bye-elections, 2019: Krishnaganj}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Ashis Kumar Biswas]]
|votes = 1,17,730
|percentage = 53.25
|change = +44.94
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = Pramatha Ranjan Bose
|votes = 86,850
|percentage = 39.29
|change = -14.43
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Mrinal Biswas (Mini)
|votes = 11,646
|percentage = 5.27
|change = -27.86
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Bijay Biswas
|votes = 3,109
|percentage = 1.41
|change = -0.45
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = None of the above
|votes = 1,747
|percentage = 0.79
|change = -0.05
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 30,866
|percentage = 13.96
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 2,21,235
|percentage = 83.70
|change =
}}
{{Election box Registered electors
|reg. electors = 2,64,311
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing = +29.69
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2016===
{{Election box begin
|title=[[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]: Krishnaganj}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Satyajit Biswas]]
|votes = 1,14,626
|percentage = 53.72
|change = +1.55
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Mrinal Biswas
|votes = 70,698
|percentage = 33.13
|change = -7.73
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Sujit Kumar Biswas
|votes = 17,741
|percentage = 8.31
|change = +5.22
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Nitya Gopal Mondal
|votes = 4,175
|percentage = 1.96
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Rajnath Sarkar
|votes = 2,197
|percentage = 1.03
|change = -0.85
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = New Democratic Party of India
|candidate = Biplab Kumar Golder
|votes = 1,245
|percentage = 0.58
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)
|candidate = Apurba Biswas
|votes = 915
|percentage = 0.43
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = None of the above
|votes = 1,795
|percentage = 0.84
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 43,928
|percentage = 20.59
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 2,13,392
|percentage = 84.76
|change =
}}
{{Election box Registered electors
|reg. electors = 2,51,773
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2015 By election===
In the Krishnaganj seat, the by-election was held due to the death of the sitting TMC MLA Sushil Biswas on 21 October 2014.
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abplive.in/india-news/tmc-wins-krishanganj-takes-massive-lead-in-bongaon-ls-seat-145606|title=TMC wins Krishanganj, takes massive lead in Bongaon LS seat; blow to BJP|publisher=ABP Live|access-date=17 February 2015|archive-date=17 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117212300/http://www.abplive.in/india-news/tmc-wins-krishanganj-takes-massive-lead-in-bongaon-ls-seat-145606|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{{Election box begin | title=West Bengal assembly by-elections, 2015: Krishnaganj (SC) constituency<ref name=vidhansabha2015By>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/ByeElec2015/WBKrishnaganjAC.pdf| title =Form 21E Return of Elections| work= 88 Krishnaganj (SC)|publisher= Election Commission of India| access-date = 18 February 2015}}</ref>}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Satyajit Biswas]]
|votes = 95,469
|percentage = 48.45
|change = -3.72
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Dr. Manabendra Ray
|votes = 58,436
|percentage = 29.53
|change = +26.44
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Dr. Apurba Kumar Biswas
|votes = 37,620
|percentage = 19.01
|change = -21.85
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Nitya Gopal Mondal
|votes = 4,817
|percentage = 2.43
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Nirjatita Samaj Biplabi Party
|candidate = Biplab Kumar Golder
|votes = 1,503
|percentage = 0.75
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = None of the above
|votes = 1,826
|percentage = 0.92
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 37,033
|percentage = 18.92
|change = +7.61
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 197,845
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2011 General election===
In the 2011 election, Sushil Biswas of Trinamool Congress defeated his nearest rival Barun Biswas of CPI(M).
{{Election box begin | title=[[2011 West Bengal state assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections, 2011]]: Krishnaganj (SC) constituency<ref name=vidhansabha2011>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/AE2011/stat_WB_May2011.pdf|title = General Elections, India, 2011, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=88| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120327191055/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=88| url-status = usurped| archive-date = 27 March 2012|title = West Bengal Assembly Election 2011 |work =Krishnaganj| publisher =Empowering India |access-date = 20 April 2011}}</ref>}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = Sushil Biswas
|votes = 96,550
|percentage = 52.17
|change = +2.99#
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Barun Biswas
|votes = 75,616
|percentage = 40.86
|change = -5.93
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Bipul Chandra Sen
|votes = 5,718
|percentage = 3.09
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Rajnath Sarkar
|votes = 3,485
|percentage = 1.88
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Independent
|candidate = Nisith Roy
|votes = 2,165
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Nirjatita Samaj Biplabi Party
|candidate = Biplab Kumar Golder
|votes = 1,541
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 20,934
|percentage = 11.31
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 185,075
|percentage = 87.99
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|loser = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|swing = +8.92#
}}
{{Election box end}}

.# Swing calculated on Congress+Trinamool Congress vote percentages taken together in 2006.
===1977-2006===
In the [[2006 West Bengal state assembly election|2006 state assembly elections]],<ref name=vidhansabha2006>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2006/StatReport_WB_2006.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 2006, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> Binay Krishna Biswas of [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] won the 88 Krishnaganj (SC) assembly seat defeating his nearest rival Sushil Biswas of [[All India Trinamool Congress|Trinamool Congress]]. Contests in most years were multi cornered but only winners and runners are being mentioned. Sushil Biswas of CPI(M) defeated Bidhan Chandra Poddar of Trinamool Congress/[[Indian National Congress|Congress]] in 2001,<ref name=vidhansabha2001>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2001/StatRept_WB_2001.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 2001, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> 1996<ref name=vidhansabha1996>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-WB96.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1996, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> and 1991.<ref name=vidhansabha1991>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1991/StatisticalReport-West%20Bengal91.pdf|title = General Elections, India, 1991, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> Nayan Chandra Sarkar of CPI(M) defeated Mrinal Kanti Biswas of Congress in 1987.<ref name=vidhansabha1987>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1987/StatisticalReportWestBengal87.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1987, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> Jnanendranath Biswas of CPI(M) defeated Ananda Mohan Biswas of Congress in 1982<ref name=vidhansabha1982>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1982/StatisticalReportWestBengal82.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1982, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref> and Amulya Kumar Biswas of [[Janata Party]] in 1977.<ref name=vidhansabha1977>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReportWestBengal77.pdf |title = General Elections, India, 1977, to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal | work= Constituency-wise Data|publisher= Election Commission | access-date = 2 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/archive/ElectionAnalysis/AE/S25/Partycomp74.htm |title =74 - Krishnaganj (SC) Assembly Constituency |work = Partywise Comparison Since 1977 | publisher = Election Commission of India|access-date = 2010-10-05 }}</ref> Prior to that, the constituency did not exist.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Nadia topics}}
{{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of West Bengal}}

{{West Bengal elections}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Politics of Nadia district]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1977]]
[[Category:1977 establishments in West Bengal]]

Jangipur Lok Sabha constituency

2026-05-07T09:47:50Z

HGNJanell4801: adding new data - done

{{short description|Lok Sabha Constituency in West Bengal}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| type = LS
|name = Jangipur {{Small|WB-9}}
| map_image = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|from=Lok Sabha constituencies/2019/West Bengal/Jangipur.map}}
| map_caption = Interactive Map Outlining Jangipur Lok Sabha Constituency
|established = 1967-present
|reservation = None
|mp = [[Khalilur Rahaman]]
|party = {{Party index link|Trinamool Congress}}
|alliance = {{Party index link|Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance}}
|latest_election_year = [[2024 Indian general election|2024]]
|state = [[West Bengal]]
|assembly_cons = [[Suti Assembly constituency|Suti]] [[Jangipur, West Bengal Assembly constituency|Jangipur]] [[Raghunathganj Assembly constituency|Raghunathganj]] [[Sagardighi Assembly constituency|Sagardighi]] [[Lalgola Assembly constituency|Lalgola]] [[Nabagram Assembly constituency|Nabagram]] [[Khargram Assembly constituency|Khargram]]
|electors = 1,391,656<ref name=turnout>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/GE2014/PC_WISE_TURNOUT.htm |title=Parliamentary Constituency Wise Turnout for General Elections 2014 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=17 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606003137/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/GE2014/PC_WISE_TURNOUT.htm |archive-date= 6 June 2014 }}</ref>
}}

'''Jangipur Lok Sabha constituency''' is a [[Lok Sabha|parliamentary]] [[constituency]] in [[Murshidabad district|Murshidabad]] district of [[West Bengal]], [[India]]. All the seven assembly segments of No.9 Jangipur Lok Sabha constituency are in [[Murshidabad district]].

{{Pie chart|caption=The most successful party in the Lok Sabha elections|color1={{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}|color2={{party color|Indian National Congress}}|color3={{party color|Trinamool Congress}}|color4=|label1=[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]|label2=[[Indian National Congress]]|label3=[[Trinamool Congress]]|label4=|value1=41.17|value2=35.29|value3=23.52|value4=}}

==Assembly segments==
[[File:Westbengalen Wahlkreise Lok Sabha.svg|thumb|250 px|right|'''Parliamentary constituencies in West Bengal''' - 1. Cooch Behar, 2. Alipurduars, 3. Jalpaiguri, 4. Darjeeling, 5. Raiganj, 6. Balurghat, 7. Maldaha Uttar, 8. Maldaha Dakshin, 9. '''Jangipur''', 10. Baharampur, 11. Murshidabad, 12. Krishnanagar, 13. Ranaghat, 14. Bangaon, 15. Barrackpore, 16. Dum Dum, 17. Barasat, 18. Basirhat, 19. Jaynagar, 20. Mathurapur, 21. Diamond Harbour, 22. Jadavpur, 23. Kolkata Dakshin, 24. Kolkata Uttar, 25. Howrah, 26. Uluberia, 27. Serampore, 28. Hooghly, 29. Arambagh, 30. Tamluk, 31, Kanthi, 32. Ghatal, 33. Jhargram, 34. Medinipur, 35. Purulia, 36. Bankura, 37. Bishnupur, 38. Bardhaman Purba, 39. Bardhaman Durgapur, 40. Asansol, 41. Bolpur, 42. Birbhum]]

As per order of the [[Delimitation Commission]] in respect of the [[delimitation of constituencies]] in the West Bengal, parliamentary constituency no. 9 Jangipur is composed of the following segments from 2009:<ref name =delimitation>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/WestBengal/FINAL%20ORDER%20NOTIFICATION_English.pdf | title = Delimitation Commission Order No. 18 | access-date = 2009-05-27 | work = Table B – Extent of Parliamentary Constituencies | publisher =Government of West Bengal}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! #
! Name
! District
! Member
! colspan="2" |[[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2026 Winner]]
! colspan="2" |2024 Lead
|-
|57
|[[Suti Assembly constituency|Suti]]
|rowspan="7" |[[Murshidabad district|Murshidabad]]
|[[Emani Biswas]]
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 58
|[[Jangipur, West Bengal Assembly constituency|Jangipur]]
|Chitta Mukherjee
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|59
|[[Raghunathganj Assembly constituency|Raghunathganj]]
|[[Akhruzzaman]]
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress|rowspan=3}}
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
|60
|[[Sagardighi Assembly constituency|Sagardighi]]
|[[Bayron Biswas]]
|-
|61
|[[Lalgola Assembly constituency|Lalgola]]
|Abdul Aziz
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|65
|[[Nabagram Assembly constituency|Nabagram]] (SC)
|Dilip Saha
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=2}}
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
|66
|[[Khargram Assembly constituency|Khargram]] (SC)
|Mitali Mal
|}

In 2004 Jangipur Lok Sabha constituency was composed of the following assembly segments:<ref>{{cite web| url =http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/LS_2004/Vol_III_LS_2004.pdf | title = Statistical Report on General Elections, 2004 to the 14th Lok Sabha | access-date = 2010-10-01 | work = Volume III Details For Assembly Segments Of Parliamentary Constituencies | publisher = Election Commission of India }}</ref>[[Farakka Assembly constituency|Farakka]] (assembly constituency no. 50), [[Aurangabad, West Bengal Assembly constituency|Aurangabad]] (assembly constituency no. 51), [[Suti Assembly constituency|Suti]] (assembly constituency no. 52), [[Sagardighi Assembly constituency|Sagardighi (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 53), [[Jangipur, West Bengal Assembly constituency|Jangipur]] (assembly constituency no. 54), [[Nabagram Assembly constituency|Nabagram]] (assembly constituency no. 57), [[Khargram Assembly constituency|Khargram (SC)]] (assembly constituency no. 66)

==Members of Parliament==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Year!!Name<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jangipur Parliamentary Constituency, Winning MP and Party Name |url=https://www.elections.in/west-bengal/parliamentary-constituencies/jangipur.html |access-date= |website=www.elections.in}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |Party
|-
|[[1967 Indian general election|1967]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Lutfal Haque]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[1971 Indian general election|1971]]
|-
|[[1977 Indian general election|1977]]
|Sasanka Sekhar Sanyal
| {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|dab=yes|rowspan=5}}
|-
|[[1980 Indian general election|1980]]
| rowspan="4" |[[Zainal Abedin]]
|-
|[[1984 Indian general election|1984]]
|-
|[[1989 Indian general election|1989]]
|-
|[[1991 Indian general election|1991]]
|-
|[[1996 Indian general election|1996]]
|Mohammad Idris Ali
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[1998 Indian general election|1998]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Abul Hasnat Khan]]
| {{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|dab=yes|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[1999 Indian general election|1999]]
|-
|[[2004 Indian general election|2004]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Pranab Mukherjee]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=4}}
|-
|[[2009 Indian general election|2009]]
|-
|2012^|| rowspan="2" |[[Abhijit Mukherjee]]
|-
|[[2014 Indian general election|2014]]
|-
|[[2019 Indian general election|2019]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Khalilur Rahaman]]
|{{Full party name with color|Trinamool Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[2024 Indian general election|2024]]
|}
^ denotes by-elections

==Election results==
===General election 2024===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2024 Indian general election]]: Jangipur<ref name="2024 Loksabha Elections Results - Jangipur">{{cite news |title=2024 Loksabha Elections Results - Jangipur |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S259.htm |access-date=8 July 2025 |work= |publisher=Election Commission of India |date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250708060029/https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S259.htm |archive-date=8 July 2025 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Jangipur Constituency Lok Sabha Election Results 2014 - 2024">{{cite news |title=Jangipur Constituency Lok Sabha Election Results 2014 - 2024 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/lok-sabha-constituencies/west-bengal/jangipur |access-date=8 July 2025 |publisher=The Times of India |date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250708060138/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/lok-sabha-constituencies/west-bengal/jangipur |archive-date=8 July 2025 |language=en}}</ref>}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link||candidate=[[Khalilur Rahaman]]|party=All India Trinamool Congress|votes=544427|percentage=39.75|change={{decrease}}3.40}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Mortaza Hossain Bakul|party=Indian National Congress|votes=427,790|percentage=31.23|change={{increase}}11.62}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Dhananjay Ghosh|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes=340,814|percentage=24.88|change={{increase}}0.58}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=[[None of the above]]|votes=17,158|percentage=1.25|change={{increase}}0.38}}
{{Election box majority||votes=116,637|percentage=|change=}}

{{Election box turnout||votes=1,369,633|percentage=75.72|change={{decrease}}5.0}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Trinamool Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General election 2019===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2019 Indian general elections]]: [[Jangipur, West Bengal Assembly constituency|Jangipur]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link||party=All India Trinamool Congress|candidate=[[Khalilur Rahaman (Bengali)|Khalilur Rahaman]] |votes=562,838|percentage=43.15|change={{increase}}24.61}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=[[Mafuja Khatun]]|votes=317,056|percentage=24.3|change={{increase}}15.65}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Indian National Congress |candidate=[[Abhijit Mukherjee]]|votes=255,836|percentage=19.61|change={{decrease}}14.19}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |candidate=Zulfikar Ali|votes=95,501|percentage=7.32|change={{decrease}}25.75}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=None of the above |candidate=[[None of the Above]] |votes=11,355|percentage=0.87|change=N/A}}
{{Election box majority||votes=245,782 |percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,304,629 |percentage=80.72|change=}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|loser = Indian National Congress
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General election 2014===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2014 Indian general elections]]: Jangipur<ref name=loksabha2014>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2014/33%20-%20Constituency%20wise%20detailed%20result.pdf |title = General Elections 2014 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work = West Bengal | publisher = Election Commission of India|access-date = 21 June 2016 }}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|candidate = [[Abhijit Mukherjee]]
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = 378,201
|percentage = 33.80
|change = -20.44
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = Muzaffar Hussain
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|votes = 370,040
|percentage = 33.07
|change = -7.45
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = [[Haji Nurul Islam|Haji Sk Nurul Islam]]
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|votes = 207,455
|percentage = 18.54
|change = +18.54
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Samrat Ghosh
|votes = 96,751
|percentage = 8.65
|change = +6.32
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Social Democratic Party of India
|candidate = Md. Sahabuddin
|votes = 17,257
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Abhijit Sarkar
|votes = 10,055
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Welfare Party of India
|candidate = Monirul Islam
|votes = 9,476
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)
|candidate = Abdus Sayeed
|votes = 7,926
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Sanjit Singh
|votes = 5,507
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Amra Bangalee
|candidate = Dhananjay Banerjee
|votes = 3,019
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Jamat-E-Sheratul Mustakim
|candidate = Md. Ginnatulla Sk
|votes = 2,318
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|candidate = None of the above
|party = None of the above
|votes = 11,079
|percentage = 0.99
|change = ---
}}

{{Election box majority
|votes = 8,161
|percentage = 0.73
|change = -12.99
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 11,19,084
|percentage = 80.41
|change = -5.54
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Indian National Congress
|swing = -20.44
}}
{{Election box end}}

===By election 2012===
{{Election box begin | title=Bye-election, 2012: Jangipur <ref name=loksabha2012>{{cite news| url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/abhijit-mukherjee-wins-jangipur-lok-sabha-bypoll/article3994294.ece |title = Congress loses Tehri, scrapes through in Jangipur |newspaper = The Hindu |date = 13 October 2012 | publisher = The Hindu, 13 October 2012|access-date = 24 May 2014 }}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Abhijit Mukherjee]]
|votes = 332,919
|percentage = 39.01
|change = -15.23
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Muzaffar Hussain
|votes = 330,383
|percentage = 38.71
|change = -1.81
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Sudhansu Biswas
|votes = 85,887
|percentage = 10.06
|change = +7.73
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Welfare Party of India
|candidate = Raisuddin Baidya
|votes = 41,620
|percentage = 4.90
|change = +4.90
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Social Democratic Party of India
|candidate = Tayedul Islam
|votes = 24,691
|percentage = 2.90
|change = +2.90
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 2,536
|percentage = 0.30
|change = -13.42
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 8,53,413
|percentage = 68.73
|change = -17.22
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

[[File:Rice-Mukherjee sign US-India Civilian Nuclear Cooperation Agreement.jpg|thumb|right|[[Finance Minister of India]] [[Pranab Mukherjee]] played a central role in the implementation of the [[Indo-US civilian nuclear agreement]].]]

===General election 2009===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2009 Indian general elections|General Election, 2009]]: [[Jahangirpur, Murshidabad|Jangipur]]
<ref name=loksabha2009>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2009/Stats/VOLI/25_ConstituencyWiseDetailedResult.pdf |title=General Elections, 2009 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=22 May 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811090059/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2009/Stats/VOLI/25_ConstituencyWiseDetailedResult.pdf |archive-date=11 August 2014 }}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Pranab Mukherjee]]
|votes = 506,749
|percentage = 54.24
|change = +5.36
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Mriganka Sekhar Bhattacharya
|votes = 378,600
|percentage = 40.52
|change = -4.18
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Debashish Majumdar
|votes = 21,791
|percentage = 2.33
|change = +2.33
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Assam United Democratic Front
|candidate = Zamirul Hassan
|votes = 19,000
|percentage = 2.03
|change = +2.03
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = [[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|candidate = Tapas Saha
|votes = 8,141
|percentage = 0.87
|change = +0.87
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 128,149
|percentage = 13.72
|change = +9.54
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 9,34,281
|percentage = 85.95
|change = +4.34
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Indian National Congress
|swing = +5.36
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General election 2004===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2004 Indian general elections|General Election, 2004]]: [[Jahangirpur, Murshidabad|Jangipur]]
<ref name=loksabha2004/>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Pranab Mukherjee]]
|votes = 431,647
|percentage = 48.38
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = [[Abul Hasnat Khan]]
|votes = 394,787
|percentage = 44.70
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = Shish Mohammad
|votes = 19,725
|percentage = 2.23
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)|Independent
|candidate = Palash De
|votes = 9,959
|percentage = 1.13
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Gourpada Biswas Mallick
|votes = 8,499
|percentage = 0.96
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = [[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|candidate = Abdus Sayeed
|votes = 7,132
|percentage = 0.81
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = [[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|candidate = Tojibur Rahaman
|votes = 3,997
|percentage = 0.45
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Samajwadi Party
|candidate = Mohammad Abdur Rahaman
|votes = 3,934
|percentage = 0.45
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = [[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|candidate = Abu Asim Siddique
|votes = 3,448
|percentage = 0.39
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 36,860
|percentage = 4.18
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 8,83,128
|percentage = 81.61
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = Indian National Congress
|loser = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General election 1999===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1999 Indian general election|General Election, 1999]]: [[Jahangirpur, Murshidabad|Jangipur]]
<ref name=loksabha1999/>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = [[Abul Hasnat Khan]]
|votes = 352,580
|percentage = 44.90
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Mainul Haque
|votes = 291,263
|percentage = 37.10
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = Syed Mushtaque Murshed
|votes = 120,770
|percentage = 15.43
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)|Independent
|candidate = Dwarka Nath Das
|votes = 6,074
|percentage = 1.13
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Nationalist Congress Party
|candidate = Utpal Majumder
|votes = 2,339
|percentage = 0.30
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = BSP
|candidate = Alam Khairul
|votes = 1,857
|percentage = 0.20
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = [[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
|candidate = Mihir Kumar Das
|votes = 610
|percentage = 0.10
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 61,317
|percentage = (7.8%)
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 7,85,797
|percentage = (72.3%)
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General election 1998===
{{Election box begin | title=[[1998 Indian general election|General Election, 1998]]: [[Jahangirpur, Murshidabad|Jangipur]]
<ref name=loksabha1999/>
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = [[Abul Hasnat Khan]]
|votes = 396,761
|percentage = 48.00
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Abu Hasem Khan Choudhury]]
|votes = 324,260
|percentage = 38.60
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Nationalist Trinamool Congress
|candidate = Sk Fukran
|votes = 99,028
|percentage = 11.80
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Muslim League Kerala State Committee
|candidate = Mosharaf Hossain
|votes = 6,013
|percentage = 0.70
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Rafique Sk
|votes = 1,563
|percentage = 0.20
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 72,501
|percentage = (8.6%)
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 8,40,406
|percentage = (78.5%)
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===General elections 1967-2004===
Most of the contests were multi-cornered. However, only winners and runners-up are mentioned below:
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Year
!Winner
|
!Runner-up
|-
|
!Candidate
!Party
!Candidate
!Party
|-
|1967
|[[Lutfal Haque]]
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|J.Gupta
|Independent<ref name="loksabha1967">{{cite web |title=General Elections, India, 1967 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1967/Vol_I_LS_67.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140404203524/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1967/Vol_I_LS_67.pdf |archive-date=4 April 2014 |access-date=23 May 2014 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission}}</ref>
|-
|1972
|Lutfal Haque
|Indian National Congress
|Barun Roy
|[[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]]<ref name="loksabha1971">{{cite web |title=General Elections, India, 1971 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1971/Vol_I_LS71.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140404195218/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1971/Vol_I_LS71.pdf |archive-date=4 April 2014 |access-date=23 May 2014 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission}}</ref>
|-
|1977
|Sasankasekher Sanyal
|[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]
|Lutfal Haque
|Indian National Congress<ref name="loksabha1977">{{cite web |title=General Elections, 1977 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1977/Vol_I_LS_77.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718185438/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1977/Vol_I_LS_77.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 |access-date=22 May 2014 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref>
|-
|1980
|Zainal Abedin
|Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|Lutfal Haque
|[[Indian National Congress (I)]]<ref name="loksabha1980">{{cite web |title=General Elections, 1980 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1980/Vol_I_LS_80.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718175926/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1980/Vol_I_LS_80.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 |access-date=22 May 2014 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref>
|-
|1984
|Zainal Abedin
|Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|[[Md. Sohrab]]
|Indian National Congress<ref name="loksabha1984">{{cite web |title=General Elections, 1984 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1984/Vol_I_LS_84.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718184911/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1984/Vol_I_LS_84.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 |access-date=22 May 2014 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref>
|-
|1989
|Zainal Abedin
|Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|Md. Sohrab
|Indian National Congress<ref name="loksabha1989">{{cite web |title=General Elections, 1989 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1989/Vol_I_LS_89.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718183934/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1989/Vol_I_LS_89.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 |access-date=22 May 2014 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref>
|-
|1991
|Zainal Abedin
|Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|Mannan Hossain
|Indian National Congress<ref name="loksabha1991">{{cite web |title=General Elections, 1991 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1991/VOL_I_91.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718183558/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1991/VOL_I_91.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 |access-date=22 May 2014 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref>
|-
|1996
|Mohammad Idris Ali
|Indian National Congress
|Zainal Abedin
|Communist Party of India (Marxist)<ref name="loksabha1996">{{cite web |title=General Elections, 1996 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1996/Vol_I_LS_96.pdf |access-date=22 May 2014 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref>
|-
|1998
|[[Abul Hasnat Khan]]
|Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|[[Abu Hasem Khan Choudhury]]
|[[Indian National Congress]]<ref name="loksabha1998">{{cite web |title=General Elections, 1998 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718181833/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 |access-date=22 May 2014 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref>
|-
|1999
|Abul Hasnat Khan
|Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|Mainul Haque
|Indian National Congress<ref name="loksabha1999">{{cite web |title=General Elections, 1999 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718183222/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014 |access-date=22 May 2014 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref>
|-
|2004
|[[Pranab Mukherjee]]
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|Abul Hasnat Khan
|Communist Party of India (Marxist)<ref name="loksabha2004">{{cite web |title=General Elections, 2004 - Constituency Wise Detailed Results |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf |access-date=22 May 2014 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref>
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==See also==
* [[Jahangirpur, Murshidabad|Jangipur]]
* [[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha]]

{{Lok Sabha constituencies of West Bengal}}
{{Murshidabad topics}}

{{Coord|24.53|N|88.07|E|display=title|format=dms}}

{{West Bengal elections}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jangipur Lok Sabha constituency}}
[[Category:Lok Sabha constituencies in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Politics of Murshidabad district]]

Nedumangad Assembly constituency

2026-05-05T04:02:06Z

HGNJanell4801: Starting New Data

{{short description|Constituency of the Kerala legislative assembly in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Nedumangad
| type = SLA
| loksabha_cons = [[Attingal Lok Sabha constituency|Attingal]]
| state = Kerala
| constituency_no = 130
| map_image = Koyikkal palace-Front.jpg
| map_caption = Koyikkal Palace at [[Nedumangad]]
| established = 1957
| reservation = None
| district = [[Thiruvananthapuram district|Thiruvananthapuram]]
| electors = 2,04,198 (2016)
| mla = [[G. R. Anil]]
| party = [[Communist Party of India|CPI]]
| alliance = {{legend2|#ED1C24|'''[[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|LDF]]'''|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}
| latest_election_year = [[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2021]]
}}
'''Nedumangad''' is one of the 140 [[Kerala Legislative Assembly|state legislative assembly]] constituencies in [[Kerala]] in southern [[India]]. It is also one of the seven [[Kerala Legislative Assembly|state legislative assembly]] constituencies included in [[Attingal Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref>{{cite web
|url = https://trivandrum.nic.in/constituencies
|website = trivandrum.nic.in
|title = State Assembly Constituencies in Thiruvananthapuram district
|access-date = 16 March 2020
}}</ref> As of the [[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2021 Assembly elections]], the current MLA is [[G. R. Anil]], the current minister for food and civil supplies, Government of Kerala of [[Communist Party of India|CPI]].

==Local self-governed segments==
Nedumangad Assembly constituency is composed of the following local self-governed segments:<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.ceo.kerala.gov.in/thiruvananthapuram.html
|website = www.ceo.kerala.gov.in
|title = Local Self Governments in Assembly Constituencies of Thiruvananthapuram District
|access-date = 14 March 2021
|archive-date = 29 November 2023
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20231129052856/https://www.ceo.kerala.gov.in/thiruvananthapuram.html
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%;"
!width="30px" |Sl no.
!width="100px" |Name
!width="130px" |Status ([[Gram panchayat|Grama panchayat]]/[[Municipality]])
!width="100px" |[[Tehsil|Taluk]]
|-
|1
|[[Nedumangad]]
|Municipality
|[[Nedumangad (tehsil)|Nedumangad]]
|-
|2
|[[Manikkal]]
|Grama panchayat
|[[Nedumangad (tehsil)|Nedumangad]]
|-
|3
|[[Karakulam]]
|Grama panchayat
|[[Nedumangad (tehsil)|Nedumangad]]
|-
|4
|[[Vembayam]]
|Grama panchayat
|[[Nedumangad (tehsil)|Nedumangad]]
|-
|5
|[[Andoorkonam]]
|Grama panchayat
|[[Thiruvananthapuram Taluk|Thiruvananthapuram]]
|-
|6
|[[Pothencode]]
|Grama panchayat
|[[Thiruvananthapuram Taluk|Thiruvananthapuram]]
|}

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
The following list contains all members of [[Kerala Legislative Assembly]] who have represented the constituency:<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nedumangad Assembly Election Results 2016, Winning MLA List, Constituency Map|url=https://www.mapsofindia.com/assemblypolls/kerala/nedumangad-assembly-constituency-map.html|access-date=2020-06-03|website=www.mapsofindia.com}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Election
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1957]]
| rowspan="2" |K. Neelakantaru Pandarathil
| {{Full party name with color|rowspan=8|Communist Party of India}}
|-
|[[1960 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1960]]
|-
|[[1967 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
| rowspan="2" |K. G. Kunjukrishna Pillai
|-
|[[1970 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1970]]
|-
|[[1977 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
|Kaniapuram Ramachandaran
|-
|[[1980 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
| rowspan="3" |[[K. V. Surendranath]]
|-
|[[1982 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1982]]
|-
|[[1987 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1987]]
|-
|[[1991 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1991]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Palode Ravi]]
| {{Full party name with color|rowspan=2|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[1996 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|1996]]
|-
|[[2001 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2001]]
| rowspan="2" |Mankode Radhakrishnan
| {{Full party name with color|rowspan=2|Communist Party of India}}
|-
|[[2006 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2006]]
|-
|[[2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2011]]
| Palode Ravi
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2016]]
|[[C. Divakaran]]
| {{Full party name with color|rowspan=2|Communist Party of India}}
|-
|[[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|2021]]
|[[G. R. Anil]]
|}

Percentage change (±%) denotes the change in the number of votes from the immediately previous election.

==Election results==
===2026===

{{Election box begin | title=[[2026 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Nedumangad}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India|candidate=[[G. R. Anil]]|votes={{formatnum:69206}}|percentage=43.55|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=Meenankal Kumar|votes={{formatnum:47623}}|percentage=29.97|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=BJP|candidate=Yuvraj Gokul|votes={{formatnum:38999}}|percentage=24.54|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)|candidate=Batherutheen A (Ziad Kandala)|votes={{formatnum:1191}}|percentage=0.75|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=[[None of the above]]|votes={{formatnum:979}}|percentage=0.62|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=BSP|candidate=Sujilal B G|votes={{formatnum:408}}|percentage=0.26|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Shibu G|votes={{formatnum:171}}|percentage=0.11|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Vembayam Yesudas|votes={{formatnum:129}}|percentage=0.08|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Anvar Sadath|votes={{formatnum:95}}|percentage=0.06|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Kumar|votes={{formatnum:93}}|percentage=0.06|change=}}
{{Election box margin of victory|
|votes = {{formatnum:21583}}
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout||votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=80.62|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2021 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Nedumangad}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India|candidate=[[G. R. Anil]]|votes=72,742
|percentage=47.54
|change={{increase}}9.38|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=P. S. Prasanth|votes=49,433
|percentage=32.31
|change={{decrease}}3.45|}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate= J. R. Padmakumar|votes=26,861
|percentage=17.56
|change={{decrease}}5.66|}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Social Democratic Party of India|candidate=Irshad Kanyakulangara|votes=1,884
|percentage=1.23
|change={{increase}}0.54|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|candidate=Bipin Pallipuram|votes=563
|percentage=0.37
|change={{decrease}}0.23}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=None of the above|votes=917
|percentage=0.6
|change={{increase}}0.07|}}
{{Election box margin of victory||votes=23,309|percentage=15.23|change={{increase}}12.83}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,53,002
|percentage=73.52
|change={{decrease}}0.59}}

{{Election box hold with party link|winner=Communist Party of India|loser=Indian National Congress|swing=}}{{Election box end}}

=== 2016 ===
There were 2,04,198 registered voters in the constituency for the 2016 Kerala Assembly election.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 2016, Election commission of India|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3767-kerala-general-legislative-election-2016|website=eci.gov.in}}</ref>
{{Election box begin|title=[[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Nedumangad}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India|candidate=[[C. Divakaran]]|votes=57,745|percentage=38.16|change={{decrease}}5.68|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[Palode Ravi]]|votes=54,124|percentage=35.76|change={{decrease}}12.11|}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=[[V. V. Rajesh]]|votes=35,139|percentage=23.22|change={{increase}}18.44|}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Social Democratic Party of India|candidate=Abdul Salam A.|votes=1,039|percentage=0.69|change={{decrease}}0.27|}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|candidate=Bipin M. I.|votes=910|percentage=0.60|change={{increase}}0.01}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=None of the above|candidate=None of the above|votes=807|percentage=0.53|change=|}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Peoples Democratic Party (India)|candidate=Andoorkonam Sulfi|votes=503|percentage=0.33|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Shibu G.|votes=318|percentage=0.21|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Shiv Sena|candidate=Peringammala Aji|votes=251|percentage=0.17|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Soman C.|votes=217|percentage=0.14|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Divakaran Pani|votes=143|percentage=0.09|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Pariyaram Raveendran|votes=80|percentage=0.05|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Raveendran Nair|votes=63|percentage=0.04|change=}}{{Election box margin of victory||votes=3,621|percentage=2.40|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,51,339|percentage=74.11|change={{increase}}3.06}}

{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Communist Party of India|loser=Indian National Congress|swing=}}{{Election box end}}

=== 2011 ===
There were 1,75,795 registered voters in the constituency for the 2011 election.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kerala Niyamasabha Election Results 2011, Election commission of India|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3763-kerala-2011|access-date=11 March 2020|website=eci.gov.in}}</ref>

{{Election box begin|title=[[2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Nedumangad}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[Palode Ravi]]|votes=59,789|percentage=47.87|change=|}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India|candidate=P. Ramachandran Nair|votes=54,759|percentage=43.84|change=|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Anjana K. S.|votes=5,971|percentage=4.78|change=|}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Andoorkonam Sulfi|votes=1,255|percentage=1.00|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Social Democratic Party of India|candidate=Noorjahan A.|votes=1,200|percentage=0.96|change=|}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bahujan Samaj Party|candidate=Idamma N.|votes=731|percentage=0.59|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Vazhode Ravi|votes=346|percentage=0.28|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Biju A.|votes=342|percentage=0.27|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Anand G. Ramachandran Nair|votes=277|percentage=0.22|change=}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Saji|votes=237|percentage=0.19|change=}}{{Election box margin of victory||votes=5,030|percentage=4.03|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,24,907|percentage=71.05|change=}}

{{Election box gain with party link|winner=Indian National Congress|loser=Communist Party of India|swing=}}{{Election box end}}

=== 2006 ===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2006 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Nedumangad}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India|candidate= Mankode Radhakrishnan|votes= 58,674|percentage=47.80|change=|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[Palode Ravi]]|votes= 58,589|percentage=47.73|change=|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Paruthippally Sreekumar|votes=2,970|percentage=2.41|change=|}}
{{Election box margin of victory||votes=85|percentage=0.07|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,22,735|percentage=|change=}}

{{Election box hold with party link|winner= Communist Party of India|loser= Indian National Congress |swing=}}{{Election box end}}

=== 2001 ===
There were 1,82,135 registered voters in the constituency for the 2001 election.{{Election box begin|title=[[2001 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Nedumangad}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India|candidate= Mankode Radhakrishnan|votes= 62,270|percentage=47.84|change=|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[Palode Ravi]]|votes= 62,114|percentage=47.72|change=|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=R Subramanian Potty|votes=4,762|percentage=3.66|change=|}}
{{Election box margin of victory||votes=156|percentage=0.12|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,30,173|percentage=71.48|change=}}

{{Election box gain with party link|winner= Communist Party of India|loser= Indian National Congress |swing=}}{{Election box end}}

=== 1996 ===
There were 1,64,525 registered voters in the constituency for the 1996 election.{{Election box begin|title=[[1996 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Nedumangad}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[Palode Ravi]]|votes= 57,220|percentage=49.32|change=|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India|candidate= Mankode Radhakrishnan|votes= 52,956|percentage=45.64|change=|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=V Somasekharan Nair|votes=3,960|percentage=3.41|change=|}}
{{Election box margin of victory||votes=4,264|percentage=3.68|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,16,020|percentage=71.83|change=}}

{{Election box hold with party link|winner= Indian National Congress|loser=Communist Party of India |swing=}}{{Election box end}}

=== 1991 ===
There were 1,54,929 registered voters in the constituency for the 1991 election.{{Election box begin|title=[[1991 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Nedumangad}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[Palode Ravi]]|votes= 54,678|percentage=48.59|change=|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India|candidate= K Govinda Pillai|votes= 53,739|percentage=47.75|change=|}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=M Somasekharan Nair|votes=3,873|percentage=3.44|change=|}}
{{Election box margin of victory||votes=939|percentage=0.84|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,12,537|percentage=73.65|change=}}

{{Election box gain with party link|winner= Indian National Congress|loser=Communist Party of India |swing=}}{{Election box end}}

=== 1987 ===
There were 1,25,938 registered voters in the constituency for the 1987 election.{{Election box begin|title=[[1987 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Nedumangad}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India|candidate=[[K. V. Surendranath]]|votes=47,914|percentage=48.36|change=|}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[Palode Ravi]]|votes=42,371|percentage=42.76|change=|}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=P Raghunathan|votes=7,598|percentage=7.67|change=|}}
{{Election box margin of victory||votes=5,543|percentage=5.60|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=99,086|percentage=79.29|change=}}

{{Election box hold with party link|winner= Communist Party of India|loser=Indian National Congress |swing=}}{{Election box end}}

=== 1982 ===
There were 1,02,484 registered voters in the constituency for the 1982 election.{{Election box begin|title=[[1982 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Nedumangad}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India|candidate=[[K. V. Surendranath]]|votes=37,350|percentage=51.73|change=|}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=S. Varadarajan Nair|votes=34,009|percentage=47.11|change=|}}

{{Election box margin of victory||votes=3,341|percentage=4.62|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=72,197|percentage=71.14|change=}}

{{Election box hold with party link|winner= Communist Party of India|loser=Independent |swing=}}{{Election box end}}

=== 1980 ===
There were 96,716 registered voters in the constituency for the 1980 election.{{Election box begin|title=[[1980 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Nedumangad}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India|candidate=[[K. V. Surendranath]]|votes=33,919|percentage=52.24|change=|}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=Purathekattu Chandrasekharan Nair|votes=27,619|percentage=42.53|change=|}}

{{Election box margin of victory||votes=6,300|percentage=9.81|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=64,933|percentage=67.43|change=}}

{{Election box hold with party link|winner= Communist Party of India|loser=Independent |swing=}}{{Election box end}}

=== 1977 ===
There were 84,807 registered voters in the constituency for the 1977 election.{{Election box begin|title=[[1977 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]: Nedumangad}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India|candidate=Kaniapuram Ramachandran Nair|votes=34,731|percentage=56.10|change=|}}

{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Independent politician|candidate=R. Sundaresan Nair|votes=23,992|percentage=38.75|change=|}}

{{Election box margin of victory||votes=10,739|percentage=17.35|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=61,914|percentage=76.79|change=}}

{{Election box hold with party link|winner= Communist Party of India|loser=Independent |swing=}}{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[Nedumangad]]
* [[Thiruvananthapuram district]]
* [[List of constituencies of the Kerala Legislative Assembly]]
* [[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Kerala Assembly Constituencies}}

{{Kerala Niyamasabha elections}}
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Kerala]]

[[Category:State assembly constituencies in Thiruvananthapuram district]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1957]]
[[Category:1957 establishments in Kerala]]

Tyson (2016 film)

2026-05-05T03:05:25Z

HGNJanell4801: put up a post

{{Infobox film
| name = Tyson
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| native_name = 
| director = K. Ramnarayan
| writer =
| screenplay = K. Ramnarayan
{{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes
| label1= Dialogues by
| data1 = V. Anandapriya
}}
| story = K. Ramnarayan
| based_on = 
| producer = T. Babu Reddy
| starring = [[Vinod Prabhakar]] [[Gayathiri Iyer]]
| narrator =
| cinematography = K. M. Vishnuvardhana Rajashekar
| editing = Venkatesh UDV
| music = '''Songs:''' [[Ravi Basrur]] [[Jassie Gift]] R. S. Ganesh '''Score:''' Ravi Basrur
| studio = Druvin Productions
| distributor = Sri Veeranjaneya Swamy Productions Mayoora Films Sun World Cinemas Surya Films
| released = {{Film date|2016|3|4|df=yes}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Kannada
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Tyson''''' is a 2016 Indian [[Kannada]]-language [[action drama film]] written and directed by K. Ramnarayan and starring [[Vinod Prabhakar]] and [[Gayathiri Iyer]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2015/Apr/08/gayathri-leaves-horror-with-new-film-tyson-739735.html|title=Gayathri Leaves Horror with New Film Tyson|date=8 November 2015|first=A|last=Sharadhaa|access-date=3 May 2026|work=[[The New Indian Express]]}}</ref>

==Cast==
{{Cast listing|
*[[Vinod Prabhakar]] as Deepu
*[[Gayathiri Iyer]] as Divya
*[[Thriller Manju]]
*[[Srinivasa Murthy]]
*[[Vinaya Prasad]]
*[[Suman (actor)|Suman]]
*[[Ravi Kale]]
*[[Chikkanna]]
*Master Druvin
*[[M. S. Umesh]]
*[[Honnavalli Krishna]]
* Mohan Juneja
* Layendra
* Victory Vasu
*[[Kuri Prathap]]
* Tharanga Vishwa
* [[Vijay Chendoor]]
* T. Babu Reddy
* Ugramm Ravi
}}

== Soundtrack ==
{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| all_music = [[Ravi Basrur]], [[Jassie Gift]], and R. S. Ganesh.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://open.spotify.com/album/2zYVmqvvuPiz7mrYpBxejD|title=Tyson (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)|work=[[Spotify]]|date=2016|access-date=3 May 2026}}</ref>
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Abbara Shuru
| music1 = [[Ravi Basrur]]
| lyrics1 = K. Ramnarayan
| extra1 = Chandan Shetty
| length1 = 4:00
| title2 = Kannalle Kuntebille
| music2 = R. S. Ganesh
| lyrics2 = [[Yogaraj Bhat]]
| extra2 = [[Vijay Prakash]], Apoorva Sridhar
| length2 = 3:56
| title3 = Avanyaranthale Gothilla
| music3 = [[Jassie Gift]]
| lyrics3 = K. Ramnarayan
| extra3 = [[Tippu (singer)|Tippu]]
| length3 = 4:20
| title4 = Preethi Yaake
| music4 = R. S. Ganesh
| lyrics4 = K. Ramnarayan
| extra4 = Lahari
| length4 = 2:36
| title5 = Abbara Shuru - Reprise
| music5 = Ravi Basrur
| lyrics5 = K. Ramnarayan
| extra5 = Chandan Shetty
| length5 = 3:31
| title6 = Shikarava Yeralu
| music6 = R. S. Ganesh
| lyrics6 = [[V. Nagendra Prasad]]
| extra6 = R. S. Ganesh
| length6 = 3:34
| title7 = Preethisthini Preethisthini
| music7 = Jassie Gift
| lyrics7 = K. Ramnarayan
| extra7 = Chaithra, Jassie Gift, Shashank Sheshagiri, Santhosh Venky
| length7 = 4:18
| total_length = 26:15
}}

==Reception ==
Sunayana Suresh of ''[[The Times of India]]'' rated the film three out of five stars and wrote, "Watch this film if you love your dose of masala-laden commercial cinema, for it promises just that - entertainment with no strings attached".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movie-reviews/Tyson/movie-review/51275932.cms|title=Tyson Movie Review {3/5}: Critic Review of Tyson by Times of India|date=4 March 2016|work=[[The Times of India]]|first=Sunayana|last=Suresh|access-date=3 May 2026}}</ref> Shyam Prasad S of the ''[[Bangalore Mirror]]'' wrote, "''Tyson'' may not stand apart as a landmark film in Sandalwood but it will in Vinod’s career. The film is sure to establish him as a lead actor to look out for".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/reviews/Movie-Review-Tyson/articleshow/51260869.cms|title=Movie Review: Tyson|last=S|first=Shyam Prasad|date=4 March 2016|work=[[Bangalore Mirror]]|access-date=3 May 2026}}</ref> Shashiprasad SM of the ''[[Deccan Chronicle]]'' wrote, "Vinod who returns with good package of decent dance moves, much improved voice base, confident approach, and most of all with the right punches (action) makes it a good one time watch".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/050316/tyson-movie-review-the-tiger-cub-make-its-first-kill.html|title=Tyson movie review: The tiger cub make its first kill|date=4 March 2016|first=Shashiprasad|last=SM|access-date=3 May 2026|work=[[Deccan Chronicle]]}}</ref> A critic from ''[[Prajavani]]'' wrote the film asserts that the police believe that protecting the people is more important than their own family.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.prajavani.net/cinema-review/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C-%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%AE|title=ಪೊಲೀಸ್‌ ಪ್ರೇಮ|date=4 March 2016|language=kn|work=[[Prajavani]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305095015/https://www.prajavani.net/cinema-review/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C-%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%AE|access-date=3 May 2026|trans-title=Police love|archive-date=5 March 2016}}</ref>

== Box office ==
The film ran for 25 days. After the success of this film, Vinod Prabhakar added an extra 'n' to his name.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/sandalwood/230316/the-number-games.html|title=The NUMBER GAMES|date=22 March 2016|work=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|access-date=3 May 2026}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title|5523590}}

[[Category:2016 Kannada-language films]]
[[Category:Indian action drama films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Jassie Gift]]
[[Category:2016 Indian films]]
[[Category:2016 action drama films]]

M. Rajasekharan

2026-04-29T19:57:53Z

HGNJanell4801: Starting A Entry

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{use dmy dates|date=October 2025}}
{{use Indian English|date=October 2025}}
'''M. Rajsekharan''' was elected to the [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]] from the [[Thottiam (State Assembly Constituency)|Thottiam constituency]] in the [[2006 Tamil Nadu state assembly election|2006 election]]. He was a candidate of the [[Indian National Congress]] (INC) party.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Election Commission of India |page=6 |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2006/StatisticalReport-TN06.pdf |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2006 |accessdate=2017-05-06 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101007221700/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2006/StatisticalReport-TN06.pdf |archivedate=7 October 2010 }}</ref> Later he joined in [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]. Then in 2017, He joined [[Amma Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam]] under leadership of [[T. T. V. Dinakaran]]

== Electoral history ==

{{Election box begin|title= [[2019 Indian general election]]: Perambalur}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[T. R. Paarivendhar|Dr. T. R. Paarivendhar]]|party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|votes=6,83,697 |percentage=62.45% |change=37.96% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=N. R. Sivapathy |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=2,80,179 |percentage=25.59% |change=-19.80% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=K. Shanthi |party=Naam Tamilar Katchi |votes=53,545 |percentage=4.89% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=M. Rajasekharan|party=Amma Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=45,591 |percentage=4.16% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=None of the above |party=None of the above |votes=11,325 |percentage=1.03% |change=-0.10% }}

{{Election box margin of victory |votes=4,03,518 |percentage=36.86% |change=15.96% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=10,94,754 |percentage=79.26% |change= -0.63% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 13,91,853 |change =8.27% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 17.06% }}
{{Election box end}}
{{Election box begin|title= [[2014 Indian general election]]: Perambalur}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[R. P. Marutharajaa]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=4,62,693 |percentage=45.40% |change=6.68% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=S. Seemanur Prabu |party=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=2,49,645 |percentage=24.49% |change=-23.58% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=[[T. R. Paarivendhar]] |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=2,38,887 |percentage=23.44% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=M. Rajasekharan |party=Indian National Congress |votes=31,998 |percentage=3.14% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=None of the above |party=None of the above |votes=11,605 |percentage=1.14% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=K. Ramar Yadav |party=Tamil Nadu Makkal Congress |votes=6,324 |percentage=0.62% |change= }}

{{Election box margin of victory |votes=2,13,048 |percentage=20.90% |change=11.55% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=10,19,221 |percentage=80.25% |change= 0.22% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 12,85,576 |change =22.55% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -2.68% }}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin|title= [[2011 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Musiri<ref>{{Cite report|url=http://www.elections.tn.gov.in/Web/Index_card_TNLA2011/10-DETAILEDRESULT_ver4.3.pdf|title=Detailes Result 2011, Aseembly Election Tamil Nadu |work=Election Commission of Tamil Nadu|access-date=9 May 2021 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20170215085458/http://www.elections.tn.gov.in/Web/Index_card_TNLA2011/10-DETAILEDRESULT_ver4.3.pdf | archive-date =15 February 2017}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=[[N. R. Sivapathi]] |party=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=82,631 |percentage=54.79% |change=+13.56 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. Rajasekharan |party=Indian National Congress |votes=38,840 |percentage=25.75% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[K. Kannaiyan]] |party=Independent politician |votes=19,193 |percentage=12.73% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=S. P. Rajendran |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=2,743 |percentage=1.82% |change=+0.7 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=K. Panneerselvam |party=Independent politician |votes=1,761 |percentage=1.17% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=M. Balakrishnan |party=Independent politician |votes=1,655 |percentage=1.10% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. Tamilselvan |party=Independent politician |votes=1,350 |percentage=0.90% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=N. M. Neethi Muthu Manal |party=Independent politician |votes=1,086 |percentage=0.72% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=P. Senthilvel |party=Independent politician |votes=788 |percentage=0.52% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=43,791 |percentage=29.04% |change=21.93% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=184,922 |percentage=81.55% |change= 5.85% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 150,808 |change = }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |loser=Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= 6.45% }}
{{Election box end}}
{{Election box begin|title= [[2006 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]]: Thottiam<ref>{{cite web | last = Election Commission of India | title = 2006 Election Statistical Report | url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2006/StatReport_TN_2006.pdf | access-date = 12 May 2006 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101007200819/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2006/StatReport_TN_2006.pdf | archive-date = 7 Oct 2010}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|candidate=M. Rajasekharan|party=Indian National Congress |votes=43,080 |percentage=34.84% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Natarajan R. |party=Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |votes=43,027 |percentage=34.80% |change=33.38% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Kannaiyan K |party=Independent politician |votes=17,166 |percentage=13.88% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Manoharan P. |party=Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam |votes=12,445 |percentage=10.07% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Baskar V. P. |party=Independent politician |votes=1,790 |percentage=1.45% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Natesan N. |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=1,709 |percentage=1.38% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Saraswathi G |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=1,635 |percentage=1.32% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Senthilkumar P. |party=Independent politician |votes=1,425 |percentage=1.15% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Usha C |party=Independent politician |votes=719 |percentage=0.58% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=Krishnan R |party=Independent politician |votes=646 |percentage=0.52% |change= }}

{{Election box margin of victory |votes=53 |percentage=0.04% |change=-11.26% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=1,23,642 |percentage=74.58% |change= 7.93% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 1,65,785 |change = }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam |swing= -14.54% }}
{{Election box end}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rajasekharan, M.}}
[[Category:Indian politicians]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

{{TamilNadu-politician-stub}}

Arumbu Meesai Kurumbu Paarvai

2026-04-26T19:01:28Z

HGNJanell4801: Started initial stub more to come - done

{{short description|Indian Tamil-language coming-of-age drama film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2026}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Arumbu Meesai Kurumbu Paarvai
| image = Arumbu Meesai Kurumbu Paarvai.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Official poster
| native_name = 
| director = [[Vetri Mahalingam|Vetriveeran]]
| writer =
| screenplay =
| story =
| based_on = 
| producer = E. Kamalkumar
| starring = Chandru Hasini
| narrator =
| cinematography = Makesh K. Dev
| editing =
| music = Mohammed Rizwan
| studio = New Line Talkies
| distributor = Lakshmi Fine Arts Academy
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2011|7|1}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Tamil
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Arumbu Meesai Kurumbu Paarvai''''' ({{Translation|First mustache, naughty gaze}}) is a 2011 Indian Tamil-language [[coming-of-age film|coming-of-age]] [[drama film]] directed by newcomer [[Vetri Mahalingam|Vetriveeran]] and stars newcomer Chandru and Hasini.

== Plot ==
The film follows Chandru, and his fights against the anti-social elements in his village government hostel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/jan-11-05/arumbu-meesai-kurumbu-paarvai-vettriveeran-29-01-11.html|title=‘Pasanga’ Pandiraj’s hostel days|date=29 January 2011|work=Behindwoods|access-date=15 September 2022|archive-date=23 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220223125956/https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movie-news-1/jan-11-05/arumbu-meesai-kurumbu-paarvai-vettriveeran-29-01-11.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Cast ==
*Chandru as Gunasekharan<ref name="d"/>
*Hasini as Jayanthi<ref name="d"/>
*R. Mohanbalu as the [[Warden (college)|warden]]<ref name="N"/>
*Ollikumar as Moovendran<ref name="d"/>
*Pradip Belki<ref name="d"/>
*Deivendran as the cook<ref name="d"/>
*Ugrapandi as Oothadiyan<ref name="d"/>

== Production ==
Director [[Vetri Mahalingam|Vetriveeran]] previously worked as an assistant to [[Bharathiraja]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2010/apr/15/a-film-on-hostel-life-148183.html|title=A film on hostel life|date=15 April 2010|work=[[The New Indian Express]]|access-date=15 September 2022|archive-date=15 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220915021856/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2010/apr/15/a-film-on-hostel-life-148183.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Hashini, who played one of the leads in ''[[Velvi (film)|Velvi]]'', stars in this film.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/showbitz/article2230221.ece|title=Role model|date=15 July 2011|work=[[The Hindu]]|author=S. R. Ashok Kumar|access-date=15 September 2022|archive-date=14 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114153307/https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/showbitz/article2230221.ece|url-status=live}}</ref> Lyricist [[Vairamuthu]] recommended Mohammed Rizwan to be the music composer.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/new-releases/pleasures-of-puppy-love.asp.asp|title=Pleasures of puppy love|website=[[Lakshman Sruthi]]|access-date=2022-09-15|archive-date=2022-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220707061834/http://www.lakshmansruthi.com/new-releases/pleasures-of-puppy-love.asp.asp|url-status=usurped}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
The music is composed by Mohammed Rizwan. The lyrics are written by [[Vairamuthu]] and [[Karthik Netha]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Soothing-and-impressive/article15540877.ece|title=Soothing and impressive|author=S. R. Ashok Kumar|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=31 January 2011|access-date=15 September 2022|archive-date=15 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220915021856/https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/Soothing-and-impressive/article15540877.ece|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/regional/arumbu-meesais-music-launch/articleshow/5802443.cms|title=Arumbu Meesai's music launch|date=15 April 2010|author=Manigandan KR|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=15 September 2022|archive-date=15 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220915021856/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/regional/arumbu-meesais-music-launch/articleshow/5802443.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>
*"Viduthi Vaazhkai Viduthi" - Krishnamoorthy, Vignesh, Rag
*"Naan Thaan Kadhal" - Ravi, Ujjaini Rai
*"Varuginrdraan" - Mohammed Rizwan, Renina R.
*"Aadaatha Aattam" - [[Mukesh Mohamed|Mukesh]], Hema
*"Idupazhagi O Maame" - Ajeesh Ashok, [[Saindhavi]]

== Reception ==
A critic from ''[[The New Indian Express]]'' wrote that "Despite its flippant title, ''AMKP'' is an engaging, thought- provoking campus story with a difference".<ref name="N">{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2011/jul/04/arumbu-meesai-kurumbu-parvai-268313.html|title=Arumbu Meesai Kurumbu Parvai|work=[[The New Indian Express]]|date=4 July 2011}}</ref> A critic from ''[[Dinamalar]]'' praised the film and its unique characters.<ref name="d">{{Cite web|url=https://cinema.dinamalar.com/movie-review/522/armbumeesai-kurumbupaarvai/|title=அரும்பு மீசை குறும்பு பார்வை|work=[[Dinamalar]]|date=12 July 2011|access-date=15 September 2022|archive-date=15 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220915022343/https://cinema.dinamalar.com/movie-review/522/armbumeesai-kurumbupaarvai/|url-status=live}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title|13439240}}

[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]
[[Category:2011 Indian films]]
[[Category:2011 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:2010s coming-of-age drama films]]
[[Category:Indian coming-of-age drama films]]

Christ Institute of Technology

2026-04-19T23:29:30Z

HGNJanell4801: created redirect page

#REDIRECT [[List of educational institutions in Puducherry#Colleges]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from school}}
{{R printworthy}}
{{R to list entry}}
{{R to section}}
{{R with history}}
{{R with Wikidata item}}
}}

Bhandara Lok Sabha constituency

2026-04-19T08:52:04Z

HGNJanell4801: Started a stub from scratch

{{Short description|Former Lok Sabha Constituency in Maharashtra, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| type = LS
| name = Bhandara
| map_image =
| state = [[Maharashtra]]
| established = 1952
| abolished = 2009
| electors =
| reservation = None
}}
'''Bhandara Lok Sabha constituency''' was a former [[Lok Sabha]] (parliamentary) [[constituency]] in [[Maharashtra]] state in western [[India]]. With the [[Electoral boundary delimitation|delimitation]] of the parliamentary constituencies in 2008, based on the recommendations of the [[Delimitation Commission of India]] constituted in 2002, this constituency ceased to exist. A new constituency, [[Bhandara–Gondiya Lok Sabha constituency|Bhandara–Gondiya]] came into existence in place of it.

==Assembly segments==
Bhandara Lok Sabha constituency comprised the following [[Vidhan Sabha]] (Legislative Assembly) segments:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_2004/Vol_III_LS_2004.pdf|title=Statistical Report on General elections, 2004 to the 14th Lok Sabha, Volume III|publisher=Election Commission of India website|pages=586–7|accessdate=2 April 2010}}</ref>
# [[Tumsar Assembly constituency|Tumsar]]
# [[Bhandara Assembly constituency|Bhandara]]
# [[Tirora Assembly constituency|Tirora]]
# [[Gondiya Assembly constituency|Gondiya]]
# [[Goregaon, Gondia Assembly constituency|Goregaon]] (now defunct)
# Pauni

==Members of Lok Sabha==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Member
!colspan="2"|Party
|-
| [[1951 Indian general election|1951]]
| Tularam Chandrabhan Sakhare
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
| rowspan="2"|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
| [[1951 Indian general election|1951]]
| Chaturbhuj Vithaldas Jasani
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1954^
| [[Ashok Ranjitram Mehta]]
| style="background-color: {{party color|Praja Socialist Party}}" |
| [[Praja Socialist Party]]
|-
| B. N. Arjun
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
|1955^
|
* [[Bhaurao Borkar]] (1954-55)
* [[Ansuyabai Borkar]] (1955-57)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/india/madhya-pradesh-chhattisgarh/mp/women-equality-day-story-of-anasuyabai-borkar-female-mp-in-first-lok-sabha-elected-from-madhya-pradesh-apmp/1319539 | title=Women Equality Day: पहली लोकसभा में MP से चुनी गईं Anasuyabai Borkar के बारे में जानते हैं आप? }}</ref>
|style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
| [[1957 Indian general election|1957]]
| [[Ramchandra Martand Hajarnavis]]
| rowspan="5" style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
| rowspan="5" | [[Indian National Congress]]
|-
| [[1957 Indian general election|1957]]
| [[Balkrishna Ramchandra Wasnik|Balkrishna Wasnik]]
|-
| [[1962 Indian general election|1962]]
| [[Ramchandra Martand Hajarnavis]]
|-
| [[1967 Indian general election|1967]]
| [[Asoka Mehta|Ashok Ranjitram Mehta]]
|-
| [[1971 Indian general election|1971]]
| Vishwmbhardas Dube
|-
| [[1977 Indian general election|1977]]
| [[Laxmanrao Mankar]]
| style="background-color: {{party color|Janata Party}}"|
| [[Janata Party]]
|-
| [[1980 Indian general election|1980]]
| rowspan="2" | Keshavrao Pardhi
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
| rowspan="2"|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
| [[1984 Indian general election|1984]]
|-
| [[1989 Indian general election|1989]]
| [[Khushal Bopche]]
| style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|-
| [[1991 Indian general election|1991]]
| rowspan="3"|[[Praful Patel]]
| rowspan="3" style="background-color: {{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
| rowspan="3"|[[Indian National Congress]]
|-
| [[1996 Indian general election|1996]]
|-
| [[1998 Indian general election|1998]]
|-
| [[1999 Indian general election|1999]]
| [[Chunnilal Thakur]]
| rowspan="2" style="background-color: {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
| rowspan="2" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|-
| [[2004 Indian general election|2004]]
| [[Patle Shishupal Natthu|Shishupal Patle]]
|-
| colspan="4"|{{center|''2008 onwards : See [[Bhandara–Gondiya Lok Sabha constituency]]''}}
|-
|}
^ by-poll

== Election results ==
{{Election box begin | title=1954 Indian Lok Sabha by-election: [[Bhandara Lok Sabha constituency|Bhandara]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|candidate= [[Ashok Ranjitram Mehta]]
|party= Praja Socialist Party
|votes= 1,49,636
|percentage= 21.67
|change= ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate= B.N. Arjun
|party= Indian National Congress
|votes= 1,41,164
|percentage= 20.44
|change= ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate= [[Bhimrao Ambedkar]]
|party= Scheduled Castes Federation
|votes= 1,32,483
|percentage= 19.19
|change= ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|candidate= R.P. Sambhuram
|party= Indian National Congress
|votes= 1,24,267
|percentage= 18.00
|change= ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes= 8,681
|percentage= 1.23
|change= ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes= Not available
|percentage= Not available
|change= ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = Praja Socialist Party
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[Bhandara–Gondiya Lok Sabha constituency]] ( 2009 elections of [[15th Lok Sabha]] onwards)
* [[Gondia Lok Sabha constituency]] ( 1962 election to [[3rd Lok Sabha]])

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

{{Lok Sabha constituencies of Maharashtra}}
{{coords|21.2|79.7|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bhandara Lok Sabha constituency}}
[[Category:Former constituencies of the Lok Sabha]]
[[Category:Former Lok Sabha constituencies of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:2008 disestablishments in India]]
[[Category:Constituencies disestablished in 2008]]

Bhumana Karunakar Reddy

2026-04-19T06:44:05Z

HGNJanell4801: Started basic data w/ sources

{{Short description|Indian politician (born 1958)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2024}}
'''Bhumana Karunakar Reddy''' (born 5 April 1958) is an Indian politician from [[Andhra Pradesh]]. He was the MLA from the [[Tirupati Assembly constituency]] in the erstwhile [[Chittoor district]] — since renamed the [[Tirupati district]] — from 2019 to 2024. He won the [[2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] representing [[YSR Congress Party|the YSR Congress Party]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tirupati Constituency Election Results 2019: Tirupati Assembly Seat Details, MLA Candidates & Winner |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/andhra-pradesh/constituency-show/tirupati |access-date=2024-05-27 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Reddy was born in Padmavathipuram, [[Tirupati]] mandal, Chittoor district to late Bhumana Jayaram Reddy. He completed BA from [[Sri Venkateswara University|S.V. University]], Tirupati, in 1980. Later, he did his M.A. He runs his own Business.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-05-14 |title=Bhumana Karunakar Reddy {{!}} MLA {{!}} Tirupathi {{!}} YSRCP {{!}} Chittoor {{!}} A.P |url=https://theleaderspage.com/bhumana-karunakar-reddy/ |access-date=2024-05-27 |language=en-US}}</ref> His son Bhumana Abhinay Reddy was elected as deputy mayor of Tirupati in July 2021.<ref>{{Cite news | date=2021-07-30 |title=Bhumana Abhinay elected Tirupati Deputy Mayor |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/bhumana-abhinay-elected-tirupati-deputy-mayor/article35642866.ece |access-date=2024-05-27 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== Career ==
Reddy began his political career with [[Indian National Congress|the Indian National Congress]] in 2004. He served as the chairman of [[Tirupati Urban Development Authority]] from 2004 to 2006. Later, he was the chairman of Tirupati Thirumala Devasthanam Board from 2006 to 2008. He joined YSR Congress Party and won the [[2012 Andhra Pradesh by-elections|2012 Andhra Pradesh Byelection]] from Tirupati Assembly constituency<ref>{{Cite web |title=ఒక మండలం.. ఐదుగురు ఎమ్మెల్యేలు {{!}} Sakshi |url=https://www.sakshi.com/news/politics/ysr-rajampeta-constituency-review-1171722 |access-date=2024-05-27 |website=www.sakshi.com |language=te}}</ref> defeating M. Venkataramana of Indian National Congress by a margin of 17,975 votes. He lost the [[2014 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] to Venkataramana but regained the seat winning the [[2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] defeating M. Suguna of [[Telugu Desam Party]] by a narrow margin of 708 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tirupati Assembly Election 2024: Tirupati Election Winning Candidates List, Election Date, Results, Vote Share New-IndiaToday |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/assembly/andhra-pradesh/tirupati-constituency-result-1167 |access-date=2024-05-27 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> He was nominated again as TTD chairman in August 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-05 |title=TTD Chairman: టీటీడీ చైర్మన్ గా భూమన కరుణాకర్ రెడ్డి..ఉత్తర్వులు జారీ చేసిన ఏపీ ప్రభుత్వం.. {{!}} Bhumana Karunakar Reddy Appointed as TTD Chairman |url=https://www.hmtvlive.com/andhra/bhumana-karunakar-reddy-appointed-as-ttd-chairman-100718 |access-date=2024-05-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230805103356/https://www.hmtvlive.com/andhra/bhumana-karunakar-reddy-appointed-as-ttd-chairman-100718 |archive-date=5 August 2023 }}</ref><ref name="TTD Chairman resigns to his post following YSRCP defeat">{{cite news|last1=The Hindu|first1=|title=TTD Chairman resigns to his post following YSRCP defeat|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/ttd-chairman-resigns-to-his-post-following-ysrcp-defeat/article68251093.ece|accessdate=5 June 2024|date=4 June 2024|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240605043957/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/ttd-chairman-resigns-to-his-post-following-ysrcp-defeat/article68251093.ece|archivedate=5 June 2024|language=en-IN}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Karunakar Reddy, Bhumana}}
[[Category:1958 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Politicians from Chittoor district]]
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2019–2024]]
[[Category:YSR Congress Party politicians]]
[[Category:Telugu politicians]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Andhra Pradesh MLAs 2009–2014]]

Jirang Assembly constituency

2026-04-17T00:47:11Z

HGNJanell4801: adding details - done

{{short description|Legislative Assembly constituency in Meghalaya State, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Jirang
| state = [[Meghalaya]]
| type = SLA
| map_image = Jirang Assembly constituency map.svg
| constituency_no = 10
| district = [[Ri Bhoi district|Ri Bhoi]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Shillong (Lok Sabha constituency)|Shillong]]
| established = 1978
| reservation = ST
| mla = [[Sosthenes Sohtun]]
| party = {{Party index link|National People's Party (India)}}
| alliance = {{Party index link|National Democratic Alliance}}
| latest_election_year = [[2023 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
| electors = {{formatnum:42206}}<ref name=election2023>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/14873-meghalayaexcluding-ac-23/ |title=Meghalaya General Legislative Election 2023 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |website=eci.gov.in|access-date=11 April 2023}}</ref>{{update after|2028|05}}
}}
'''Jirang''' is one of the 60 [[Meghalaya Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] constituencies of [[Meghalaya]] state in [[India]].<ref name=ceomap>{{cite web |url=http://www.ceomeghalaya.nic.in/gis-map/00-pc-map-meghalaya.pdf |title=Map of Meghalaya Parliamentary Constituencies |website=ceomeghalaya.nic.in |accessdate= 30 January 2021}}</ref> It is part of [[Ri Bhoi district|Ri Bhoi]] district and is reserved for candidates belonging to the [[Scheduled Tribes]]. As of 2023, it is represented by [[Sosthenes Sohtun]] of the [[National People's Party (India)|National People's Party]].

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Election
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
| [[1978 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|1978]] || Snomick Kalwing || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
| [[1983 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|1983]] || Gerson Lyngdoh || {{Full party name with color|Hill State People's Democratic Party}}
|-
| [[1988 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|1988]] || rowspan=5 | J. Dringwell Rymbai || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=4}}
|-
| [[1993 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|1993]]
|-
| [[1998 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|1998]]
|-
| [[2003 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|2003]]
|-
| [[2008 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|2008]] || {{Full party name with color|United Democratic Party (Meghalaya)}}
|-
| [[2013 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|2013]] || Lamboklang Mylliem || {{Full party name with color|North East Social Democratic Party}}
|-
| [[2018 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|2018]] || rowspan=2 | [[Sosthenes Sohtun]] || {{Full party name with color|National People's Party (India)|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2023 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
|}

== Election results ==
===Assembly Election 2023===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2023 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]]: Jirang<ref>{{Cite web |publisher=[[Chief Electoral Officer (India)|Chief Electoral Officer]] |title=General Election to Vidhna Sabha Trends & Result MArch - 2023 |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMar2023/ConstituencywiseS157.htm?ac=7 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230302144159/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenMar2023/ConstituencywiseS157.htm?ac=7 |archive-date=2 March 2023 |access-date=4 January 2025 |website=results.eci.gov.in}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Sosthenes Sohtun]] |party=National People's Party (India) |votes=12,690 |percentage=36.74% |change={{increase}}5.71 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Adrian Lambert Mylliem |party=Indian National Congress |votes=11,067 |percentage=32.04% |change={{increase}}1.74 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Badhok Nongmalieh |party=United Democratic Party (Meghalaya) |votes=4,107 |percentage=11.89% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sunmoon D. Marak |party=All India Trinamool Congress |votes=3,928 |percentage=11.37% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Riya Sangma |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=2,075 |percentage=6.01% |change={{decrease}}7.64 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Forcaster Nongrang |party=Independent politician |votes=268 |percentage=0.78% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Lee Trevor Bareh |party=Independent politician |votes=226 |percentage=0.65% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes=315 |percentage=0.91% |change={{decrease}}0.65 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,623 |percentage=4.70% |change= {{increase}}3.98 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=34,536 |percentage=81.83% |change= {{decrease}}2.85 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 42,206 |ref = |change= {{increase}}17.52 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=National People's Party (India) |loser=National People's Party (India) |swing= {{increase}}5.71 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2018===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2018 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]]: Jirang<ref>{{Cite web |publisher=[[Chief Electoral Officer (India)|Chief Electoral Officer]], [[Meghalaya]] |title=Form 20 - Polling Station Wise Result Sheet of General Election 2018 to the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly |url=https://ceomeghalaya.nic.in/electionconducted/mla2018/form20.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240208162439/https://ceomeghalaya.nic.in/electionconducted/mla2018/form20.html |archive-date=8 February 2024 |access-date=4 January 2025 |website=ceomeghalaya.nic.in}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Sosthenes Sohtun]] |party=National People's Party (India) |votes=9,437 |percentage=31.03% |change={{increase}}10.05 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Witness Day Sancley |party=Indian National Congress |votes=9,217 |percentage=30.31% |change={{decrease}}1.37 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Lamboklang Mylliem |party=People's Democratic Front (Meghalaya) |votes=6,351 |percentage=20.88% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Badhok Nongmalieh |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=4,152 |percentage=13.65% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Comfort Doloi |party=Independent politician |votes=346 |percentage=1.14% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bity Jyrwa |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes=215 |percentage=0.71% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes=475 |percentage=1.56% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=220 |percentage=0.72% |change= {{decrease}}9.36 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=30,411 |percentage=84.67% |change= {{decrease}}2.84 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 35,915 |ref = |change= {{increase}}26.99 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=National People's Party (India) |loser=North East Social Democratic Party |swing= {{decrease}}10.73 }}
{{Election box end}}

===Assembly Election 2013===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2013 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]]: Jirang<ref>{{cite web|website=ceomeghalaya.nic.in |publisher=[[Chief Electoral Officer (India)|Chief Electoral Officer]], [[Meghalaya]]|title=Election Commission of India- State Election, 2013 to the Legislative Assembly of Meghalaya |url=https://ceomeghalaya.nic.in/electionconducted/mla2013/10-Reports/10-detailed-results.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250104021738/https://ceomeghalaya.nic.in/electionconducted/mla2013/10-Reports/10-detailed-results.pdf |archive-date=4 January 2025|access-date=4 January 2025|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Lamboklang Mylliem |party=North East Social Democratic Party |votes=10,336 |percentage=41.76% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Barnabas Nongbah |party=Indian National Congress |votes=7,840 |percentage=31.68% |change={{increase}}11.64 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Sosthenes Sohtun]] |party=National People's Party (India) |votes=5,194 |percentage=20.99% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Martin Lyngdoh |party=Lok Jan Shakti Party |votes=562 |percentage=2.27% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Abraham S. Sangma |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes=495 |percentage=2.00% |change={{decrease}}16.05 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Wonderlyne Lapang |party=United Democratic Party (Meghalaya) |votes=323 |percentage=1.31% |change={{decrease}}25.54 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=2,496 |percentage=10.08% |change= {{increase}}3.27 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=24,750 |percentage=87.51% |change= {{decrease}}0.63 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 28,281 |ref = |change= {{increase}}14.80 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=North East Social Democratic Party |loser=United Democratic Party (Meghalaya) |swing= {{increase}}14.91 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2008===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2008 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]]: Jirang<ref>{{cite web|website=ceomeghalaya.nic.in |publisher=[[Chief Electoral Officer (India)|Chief Electoral Officer]], [[Meghalaya]]|title=General Election to Legislative Assembly, Mar 2008 - Valid Votes Secured |url=https://ceomeghalaya.nic.in/election-history/general-election-to-meghalaya-legislative-assembly/2008-la.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250104021122/https://ceomeghalaya.nic.in/election-history/general-election-to-meghalaya-legislative-assembly/2008-la.pdf |archive-date=4 January 2025|access-date=4 January 2025|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=J. Dringwell Rymbai |party=United Democratic Party (Meghalaya) |votes=5,830 |percentage=26.85% |change={{increase}}7.58 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=William Mynsong |party=Indian National Congress |votes=4,350 |percentage=20.03% |change={{decrease}}7.85 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Laborious Manik S. Syiem |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes=3,919 |percentage=18.05% |change={{increase}}6.13 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Balajied Ranee |party=Independent politician |votes=3,084 |percentage=14.20% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Hepley Khonglah |party=Independent politician |votes=1,842 |percentage=8.48% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Probin K. Raswai |party=Independent politician |votes=1,074 |percentage=4.95% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Jemberson K. Marak |party=Meghalaya Democratic Party |votes=868 |percentage=4.00% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,480 |percentage=6.82% |change= {{decrease}}1.80 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=21,715 |percentage=88.15% |change= {{increase}}26.35 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 24,635 |ref = |change= {{increase}}9.19 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=United Democratic Party (Meghalaya) |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}1.04 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2003===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2003 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]]: Jirang<ref>{{cite web|website=ceomeghalaya.nic.in |publisher=[[Chief Electoral Officer (India)|Chief Electoral Officer]], [[Meghalaya]]|title=General Election to Legislative Assembly, Mar 2003 - Valid Votes Secured |url=https://ceomeghalaya.nic.in/election-history/general-election-to-meghalaya-legislative-assembly/2003-la.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250104020753/https://ceomeghalaya.nic.in/election-history/general-election-to-meghalaya-legislative-assembly/2003-la.pdf |archive-date=4 January 2025|access-date=4 January 2025|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=J. Dringwell Rymbai |party=Indian National Congress |votes=3,888 |percentage=27.89% |change={{decrease}}24.03 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Artist Ranee |party=United Democratic Party (Meghalaya) |votes=2,687 |percentage=19.27% |change={{decrease}}6.76 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Oral Syngkli |party=Independent politician |votes=2,132 |percentage=15.29% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Jriangsing Phanbuh |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes=1,661 |percentage=11.91% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Nirjo Marak |party=Independent politician |votes=1,519 |percentage=10.90% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Thre Nongrum |party=People's Democratic Movement (Meghalaya) |votes=709 |percentage=5.09% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Snomick Kalwing |party=Khun Hynniewtrep National Awakening Movement |votes=453 |percentage=3.25% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,201 |percentage=8.61% |change= {{decrease}}17.26 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=13,942 |percentage=61.90% |change= {{decrease}}1.67 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 22,562 |ref = |change= {{increase}}5.31 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}24.03 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1998===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1998 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]]: Jirang<ref>{{cite web|website=eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1998 to the Legislative Assembly of Meghalaya |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-MGH98.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324144917/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1998/StatisticalReport-MGH98.pdf |archive-date=24 March 2018 |access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=J. Dringwell Rymbai |party=Indian National Congress |votes=7,058 |percentage=51.91% |change={{increase}}3.49 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Micheal Giri Dkhar |party=United Democratic Party (Meghalaya) |votes=3,540 |percentage=26.04% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Oral Syngkli |party=Hill State People's Democratic Party |votes=1,984 |percentage=14.59% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Medliton Nongrum |party=Independent politician |votes=748 |percentage=5.50% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Marshal Wahlang |party=Communist Party of India |votes=220 |percentage=1.62% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Dis Mawshai |party=Independent politician |votes=46 |percentage=0.34% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=3,518 |percentage=25.88% |change= {{increase}}7.88 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=13,596 |percentage=66.76% |change= {{decrease}}7.44 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 21,424 |ref = |change= {{increase}}22.63 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}3.49 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1993===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1993 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]]: Jirang<ref>{{cite web|website=eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1993 to the Legislative Assembly of Meghalaya |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1993/StatReport_MG_93.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324144200/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1993/StatReport_MG_93.pdf |archive-date=24 March 2018 |access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=J. Dringwell Rymbai |party=Indian National Congress |votes=5,998 |percentage=48.43% |change={{increase}}22.13 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Michael Giri Dkhar |party=Hill People's Union |votes=3,769 |percentage=30.43% |change={{increase}}9.38 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Khrawbok Khongwar |party=Independent politician |votes=1,545 |percentage=12.47% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Medliton Nangrum |party=Independent politician |votes=553 |percentage=4.46% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Jogen A. Sangma |party=Independent politician |votes=233 |percentage=1.88% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=A. Blingtodar Diengdoh |party=Independent politician |votes=141 |percentage=1.14% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=R. W. Kharmawphlang |party=All Party Hill Leaders Conference (Armison Marak Group) |votes=105 |percentage=0.85% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=2,229 |percentage=18.00% |change= {{increase}}12.75 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=12,386 |percentage=74.34% |change= {{increase}}11.86 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 17,470 |ref = |change= {{increase}}29.44 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}22.13 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1988===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1988 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]]: Jirang<ref>{{cite web|website=eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1988 to the Legislative Assembly of Meghalaya |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1988/Statistical%20Report%201988%20Meghlaya.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324144042/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1988/Statistical%20Report%201988%20Meghlaya.pdf |archive-date=24 March 2018 |access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=J. Dringwell Rymbai |party=Indian National Congress |votes=2,095 |percentage=26.29% |change={{increase}}2.45 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gerson Lyngdoh |party=Hill People's Union |votes=1,677 |percentage=21.05% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Snomick Kalwing |party=Independent politician |votes=1,656 |percentage=20.78% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Rodess Roy Thangkhiew |party=Independent politician |votes=799 |percentage=10.03% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Medliton Nongrum |party=Independent politician |votes=702 |percentage=8.81% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Pingkisno Kylwing |party=Hill State People's Democratic Party |votes=502 |percentage=6.30% |change={{decrease}}22.98 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Fransis C. Mawiong |party=Public Demands Implementation Convention |votes=324 |percentage=4.07% |change={{increase}}0.01 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=418 |percentage=5.25% |change= {{decrease}}0.19 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=7,968 |percentage=62.65% |change= {{increase}}5.65 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 13,497 |ref = |change= {{increase}}17.92 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Hill State People's Democratic Party |swing= {{decrease}}2.99 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1983===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1983 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]]: Jirang<ref>{{cite web|website=eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1983 to the Legislative Assembly of Meghalaya |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/Statistical%20ReportMeghalaya1983.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171025204117/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/Statistical%20ReportMeghalaya1983.pdf |archive-date=25 October 2017|access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Gerson Lyngdoh |party=Hill State People's Democratic Party |votes=1,789 |percentage=29.28% |change={{increase}}0.66 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=J. Dringwell Rymbai |party=Indian National Congress |votes=1,457 |percentage=23.85% |change={{decrease}}15.04 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Snomick Kalwing |party=Independent politician |votes=959 |percentage=15.70% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Elias Doloi |party=All Party Hill Leaders Conference |votes=866 |percentage=14.17% |change={{decrease}}4.98 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=M. Mawroh |party=Independent politician |votes=336 |percentage=5.50% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Chomillius Komon Mawiong |party=Independent politician |votes=298 |percentage=4.88% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Dominik Draflyson Lyngdoh Mawnai |party=Public Demands Implementation Convention |votes=248 |percentage=4.06% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=332 |percentage=5.43% |change= {{decrease}}4.83 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=6,110 |percentage=59.28% |change= {{increase}}4.65 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 11,446 |ref = |change= {{increase}}23.95 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Hill State People's Democratic Party |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}9.61 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1978===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1978 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]]: Jirang<ref>{{cite web|website=eci.gov.in |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1978 to the Legislative Assembly of Meghalaya |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/StatisticalReport%20Meghalaya78%20.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180324143720/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1978/StatisticalReport%20Meghalaya78%20.pdf |archive-date=24 March 2018|access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Snomick Kalwing |party=Indian National Congress |votes=1,750 |percentage=38.89% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gerson Lyngdoh |party=Hill State People's Democratic Party |votes=1,288 |percentage=28.62% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Rolingson Shadap |party=All Party Hill Leaders Conference |votes=862 |percentage=19.16% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mitchell Mawroh |party=Indian National Congress (I) |votes=363 |percentage=8.07% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=B. Nagen Singh Lyngdoh |party=Independent politician |votes=237 |percentage=5.27% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=462 |percentage=10.27% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=4,500 |percentage=51.33% |change= }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 9,234 |ref = |change= }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Indian National Congress |loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[List of constituencies of the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Ri Bhoi district]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Meghalaya}}

{{coord|25.91|91.59|display=title}}

[[Category:Ri-Bhoi district]]
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Meghalaya]]
[[Category:Politics of Meghalaya]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1978]]
[[Category:1978 establishments in Meghalaya]]

Mayank Yadav

2026-04-14T08:33:34Z

HGNJanell4801: Starting New Entry

{{Short description|Indian cricketer (born 2002)}}
{{use Indian English|date=April 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}}
{{Infobox cricketer
| name = Mayank Yadav
| image =
| fullname = Mayank Prabhu Yadav
| country = India
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2002|06|17|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Delhi]], India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| height = 6 ft 1 in<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/sports/mayank-yadav-god-fearing-west-delhi-boy-from-sonnet-club-stable/articleshow/108917190.cms?from=mdr|title=Mayank Yadav: God-fearing West Delhi Boy from Sonnet Club stable|quote=The 6 feet 1 inch tall Delhi boy (...)|work=The Economic Times |date=31 March 2024 |access-date=2 April 2024}}</ref>
| batting = Right-handed
| bowling = Right-arm [[Pace bowling|fast]]
| role = [[Bowler (cricket)|Bowler]]

| international = true
| internationalspan = 2024
| T20Idebutdate = 6 October
| T20Idebutyear = 2024
| T20Idebutagainst = Bangladesh
| T20Icap = 117
| lastT20Idate = 12 October
| lastT20Iyear = 2024
| lastT20Iagainst = Bangladesh

| club1 = [[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]]
| year1 = 2021–present
| club3 = [[Lucknow Super Giants]]
| year3 = 2024–present

| columns = 4

| column1 = [[Twenty20 International|T20I]]
| matches1 =3
| runs1 =1
| bat avg1 =–
| 100s/50s1 =0/0
| top score1 =1[[not out|*]]
| deliveries1 =72
| wickets1 =4
| bowl avg1 =20.75
| fivefor1 =0
| tenfor1 =0
| best bowling1 =2/34
| catches/stumpings1 = 0/–

| column2 = [[First-class cricket|FC]]
| matches2 = 1
| runs2 =5
| bat avg2 =5.00
| 100s/50s2 =0/0
| top score2 =4
| deliveries2 =104
| wickets2 =2
| bowl avg2 =23.00
| fivefor2 =0
| tenfor2 =0
| best bowling2 =2/46
| catches/stumpings2 = 0/–

| column3 = [[List A cricket|LA]]
| matches3 = 17
| runs3 =9
| bat avg3 =1.50
| 100s/50s3 =0/0
| top score3 =6
| deliveries3 =822
| wickets3 =34
| bowl avg3 =21.55
| fivefor3 =0
| tenfor3 =0
| best bowling3 =4/47
| catches/stumpings3 = 4/–

| column4 = [[Twenty20|T20]]
| matches4 = 18
| runs4 =1
| bat avg4 =–
| 100s/50s4 =0/0
| top score4 =1[[not out|*]]
| deliveries4 =343
| wickets4 =25
| bowl avg4 =15.80
| fivefor4 =0
| tenfor4 =0
| best bowling4 =3/14
| catches/stumpings4 = 4/–

| date = 28 April
| year = 2025
| source = https://www.espncricinfo.com/cricketers/mayank-yadav-1292563 ESPNcricinfo
}}

'''Mayank Yadav''' is an Indian international [[cricketer]]. He plays for [[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]] in domestic cricket and the [[Lucknow Super Giants]] in the [[Indian Premier League]]. He is a bowler who bowls right-arm [[Pace bowling|fast]] and bats right-handed.

==Career==
He made his international debut against Bangladesh in a T20i match on 6 October 2024, and after Ajit Agarkar and Arshdeep Singh he became third indian bowler to bowl his first over as maiden in [[T20 International]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gautam Gambhir's Crucial Advice to Mayank Yadav Before His Blazing International Debut—You Won't Believe What He Said!
|url=https://sportzsundae.com/gautam-gambhirs-crucial-advice-to-mayank-yadav-before-his-blazing-international-debut-you-wont-believe-what-he-said/ |access-date=7 April 2024 |website=sportzsundae}}</ref> He made his professional and [[Twenty20 cricket|Twenty20]] debut for [[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]] against [[Manipur cricket team|Manipur]], on 11 October 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mayank Yadav makes his professional and T20 debut |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/syed-mushtaq-ali-trophy-2022-23-1332915/delhi-vs-manipur-elite-group-b-1332921/full-scorecard |access-date=6 April 2023 |website=ESPN Cricinfo}}</ref> He made his [[List A cricket|List A]] debut for [[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]] against [[Haryana cricket team|Haryana]], on December 12, 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mayank Yadav make his List A debut |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/vijay-hazare-trophy-2021-22-1280193/delhi-vs-haryana-elite-group-c-1280368/full-scorecard |access-date=6 April 2023 |website=ESPN Cricinfo}}</ref> One day after his [[List A cricket|List A]], he made his [[First class cricket|first-class]] debut for [[Delhi cricket team|Delhi]] against [[Maharashtra cricket team|Maharashtra]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mayank Yadav makes his first-class debut one day after making his List A debut |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/ranji-trophy-2022-23-1332913/maharashtra-vs-delhi-elite-group-b-1333200/full-scorecard |access-date=6 April 2023 |website=ESPN Cricinfo}}</ref>

In February 2023, he was bought by the [[Lucknow Super Giants]] for the [[2023 Indian Premier League]] season for Rs. 20 Lakhs. After missing the 2023 season due to an injury, Yadav made his IPL debut in 2024 against the Punjab Kings and picked up three wickets while giving away 27 runs. In this spell, Yadav bowled the fastest ball in the 2024 IPL season, at a speed of 155.8 kmph. He won the [[man of the match]] award in his debut match in the IPL.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sportstiger.com/news/who-is-mayank-yadav-lsg-pacer-who-bowled-fastest-ball-of-ipl-2024-picked-three-wickets-on-debut|title= Fastest delivery In IPL 2024 |date= 30 March 2024 |access-date=30 March 2024}}</ref> In the next match against the [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]], he took 3/14 and broke his own record for the fastest ball set in the previous match, with a speed of 156.7 kmph.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-04-02 |title=Sheer Pace! Mayank Yadav breaks his own record for fastest ball of IPL 2024 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/ipl/top-stories/sheer-pace-mayank-yadav-breaks-his-own-record-for-fastest-ball-of-ipl-2024/articleshow/108983056.cms |access-date=2024-04-02 |work=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
* {{cricinfo|id=1292563}}

{{Lucknow Super Giants squad}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Yadav, Mayank}}
[[Category:Indian cricketers]]
[[Category:India Twenty20 International cricketers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian sportsmen]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:2002 births]]
[[Category:Cricketers from Delhi]]
[[Category:Lucknow Super Giants cricketers]]

{{India-cricket-bio-stub}}

Temjen Imna Along

2026-04-12T14:56:45Z

HGNJanell4801: put up stub

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Temjen Imna Along
| image = Temjen Imma Along.jpg
| caption = Imna Along in August 2019
| office = [[Government of Nagaland|Cabinet Minister, Government of Nagaland]]
| suboffice = Minister of Tourism and Higher Education of Nagaland
| subterm = 7 March 2023 – Incumbent
| suboffice1 = [[Fourth Rio ministry|Minister of Higher and Technical Education and Tribal Affairs of Nagaland]]
| subterm1 = 8 March 2018 – 7 March 2023
| term_start = 8 March 2018
| office4 = [[Bharatiya Janata Party, Nagaland|State President of the Bharatiya Janata Party of Nagaland]]
| term4 = 15 January 2020 - 25 September 2023
| office2 = [[Nagaland Legislative Assembly|Member of the Nagaland Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency2 = [[Alongtaki (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Alongtaki]]
| term_start2 = March 2018
| predecessor2 = Benjongliba Aier
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1980|11|25}}
| birth_place = [[Mokokchung]], [[Nagaland]], India
| website = {{URL | www.alongimna.com}}
}}

'''Temjen Imna Along''' (born 25 November 1980) is an Indian politician and a former State President of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] of [[Nagaland]], from 15 January 2020 till 25 September 2023. He has been a [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] in the [[Nagaland Legislative Assembly]] from [[Alongtaki (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Alongtaki constituency]] since 2018. He is also the Minister of Tourism and Higher Education in the [[Fifth Neiphiu Rio ministry]] since 2023.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ghose |first=Dipankar |date=9 March 2018 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/north-east-india/nagaland/nagaland-neiphiu-rio-takes-cm-oath-cabinet-moves-to-rename-indira-stadium-5091437/ |title=Nagaland: Neiphiu Rio takes CM oath, cabinet moves to rename Indira stadium |newspaper=The Indian Express |access-date=14 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Taneja |first=Richa | date=8 March 2018 | url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/know-all-about-incumbent-neiphiu-rio-the-new-chief-minister-of-nagaland-1821287 |title=All About Neiphiu Rio, Nagaland's Chief Minister For Fourth Term |work=NDTV |access-date=14 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |agency=PTI |date=8 March 2018 |title=Neiphiu Rio takes oath as Nagaland CM |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/neiphiu-rio-takes-oath-as-nagaland-cm-118030800425_1.html |access-date=14 April 2022 |work=Business Standard India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=PTI |date=8 March 2018 |title=Senior politician Neiphiu Rio back as Nagaland CM |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/senior-politician-neiphiu-rio-back-as-nagaland-cm-1185069-2018-03-08 |magazine=India Today |access-date=10 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=9 March 2018 |title=Neiphiu Rio, a man born to rule |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kohima/neiphiu-rio-a-man-born-to-rule/articleshow/63229908.cms |access-date=10 February 2021 |work=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Temjen Imna Along(Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP)):Constituency- ALONGTAKI(MOKOKCHUNG) - Affidavit Information of Candidate|url=https://myneta.info/nagaland2018/candidate.php?candidate_id=5882|access-date=10 February 2021|website=myneta.info}}</ref>

== In popular culture ==
He is very active on social media and also very popular due to his sense of humour. He also posts about his state and promotes the [[Nagaland|culture of Nagaland]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chaturvedi |first=Amit |date=14 November 2022 |title=Video: Nagaland Minister Dances At Wedding Of Chief Minister's Daughter, Internet Is In Love |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/video-nagaland-minister-temjen-imna-along-dances-at-wedding-of-chief-ministers-daughter-internet-is-in-love-3519711 |work=NDTV |access-date=20 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Who is Nagaland minister Temjen Imna Along, the new Internet sensation? |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/news/who-is-nagaland-minister-temjen-imna-along-the-new-internet-sensation-14354242.htm |access-date=20 December 2022 |work=CNBC |date=3 August 2022}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Along, Temjen Imma}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Nagaland]]
[[Category:Nagaland MLAs 2018–2023]]
[[Category:People from Mokokchung district]]
[[Category:1980 births]]
[[Category:Nagaland MLAs 2023–2028]]

{{Nagaland-BJP-politician-stub}}

Lalsinh Raol

2026-04-11T00:49:05Z

HGNJanell4801: Starting Biography

{{Short description|Indian ornithologist (1925–2019)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
'''Lalsinh Mansinh Raol''' (26 March 1925 {{endash}} 21 July 2019) was an Indian [[Ornithology|ornithologist]], nature conservationist and writer from [[Gujarat]]. He served on boards of several institutions and wrote some [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] books on birds of Gujarat.

== Biography ==
Raol was born on 26 March 1925 in [[Limbdi State|Limbdi]] (now in [[Surendranagar district]], Gujarat, India) where he studied till [[matriculation]]. He studied B.A. (Honors) at [[Samaldas Arts College|Samaldas College]], [[Bhavnagar]], between 1943 and 1948. During his college years, he developed an interest in [[birdwatching]] and began studying the birds around Bhavnagar. He was mentored by [[Lavkumar Khachar]]. He worked in Public Works Department of Government of Gujarat from 1955 to 1983, after which he served for four years from 1985 at the [[Centre for Environmental Education India|Centre for Environmental Education]] (CEE) located at Thaltej Tekra, [[Ahmedabad]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Trivedi |first=Kishorchandra R. |url=https://jainelibrary.org/book-detail/?srno=005127 |title=Dhanyadhara: Shashwat Saurabh, Part:2 |date= |publisher=Arihant Prakashan |editor-last=Devluk |editor-first=Nandlal B |location=Bhavnagar |publication-date=June 2008 |pages=838 |language=gu |script-title=gu:ધન્યધરા: શાશ્વત સૌરભ, ભાગ:૨ |chapter=Zalawadni Dharana Panidar Motida |script-chapter=gu:ઝાલાવાડની ધરાનાં પાણીદાર મોતીડાં}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=24 July 2019 |title=ગુજરાતના 'સલિમ અલી'ની વિદાય, પ્રકૃતિ-પક્ષી સંરક્ષણનો એક યુગ આથમી ગયો: ગુજરાતના જાણીતા પક્ષીવિદ લાલસિંહ માનસિંહ રાઓલનું 94 વર્ષે રાજપીપળા ખાતે નિધન |url=https://navgujaratsamay.com/bird-conservator-and-writer-lalsinh-mansinh-raol-passes-away-at-94-written-many-books-on-birds-and-nature-conservation/150430.html |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=NavGujarat Samay |language=gu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rawal |first=Shailesh |title=હવે પક્ષીવિદ લાલસિંહ રાઓલ નથી, તો પછી, નવા પંખીઓને 'દાદા' હવે ઓળખશે કોણ.? |url=https://www.newzviewz.com/gujarati/news-detail/now-if-not-a-botanist-lalsinh-raul-who-will-now-recognize-the-grandfather-of-the-new-birds |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=www.newzviewz.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=24 July 2019 |title=પક્ષીવિદ્દ લાલસિંહ રાઓલનો પાયો શામળદાસ કોલેજમાં ચણાયો હતો |url=https://www.divyabhaskar.co.in/news/sau-bvn-omc-mat-the-foundation-of-the-ornithologist-lalsinh-raol-was-laid-at-shamaldas-college-061009-5073777-nor.html |work=Divya Bhaskar |language=gu}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=5 June 2023 |title=Environment Day Special : પ્રકૃતિ-પંખીઓની ભાઈબંધી કરવાનો અવસર કરી આપતા પક્ષીવિદ્ |url=https://www.navajivan.in/environment-day-special-ornithologist-lalsinh-raol-offering-opportunities-for-nature-bird-fraternization/ |access-date=30 October 2025 |website=Navajivan News |language=gu}}</ref>

He trained numerous young people in nature camps for environmental preservation and bird conservation. He also served as the President of the Bird Conservation Society Gujarat (BCSG) and was a member of the regional executive of the [[World Wildlife Fund]] (India). He has also served as an advisor of BCSG's English mouthpiece ''Flamingo'' as well as of Gujarati quarterly ''Vihang''.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

He died on 21 July 2019, at the age of 94, in [[Rajpipla]], Gujarat.<ref name=":0" />

== Books ==
He collected information about the birds of Gujarat and wrote several Gujarati books on birds. He coined Gujarati names of several local birds.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" />
* ''Pankhioni Bhaibandhi'' (Brotherhood of Birds, 1983)
* ''Prakruti Parichay'' (Nature Introduction) series (4 books)
** ''Jeevanbharna Sathi – Aaspasna Pankhi'' (Lifelong Companions – Birds Around Us)
** ''Paani na Sangathi'' (Companions of Water)
** ''Weed, Vaghdana Pankhi'' (Birds of the Forest)
** ''Van, Upvan na Pankhi'' (Garden Birds)
* Birds, Birds, Birds
* ''Gujarat nu Pankhi Jagat'' (World of Bird of Gujarat)
* ''Jeevshrishti'' (The Living World)
* ''Pakshio Ane Jantuo'' (Birds and Insects)
His book ''Jeevanbharna Sathi – Aaspasna Pankhi'' received recognition from both the [[Gujarat Sahitya Akademi]] and the [[Gujarati Sahitya Parishad]]. His work ''Paani na Sangathi'' was also honoured with an award by the Gujarat Sahitya Akademi.<ref name=":1" />

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Raol, Lalsinh}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:People from Surendranagar district]]
[[Category:2019 deaths]]
[[Category:1925 births]]
[[Category:Indian ornithologists]]
[[Category:Indian conservationists]]
[[Category:Gujarati-language Indian writers]]
[[Category:Indian naturalists]]

Business Line

2026-03-27T15:02:45Z

HGNJanell4801:

{{short description|Daily business newspaper in India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2024}}
{{Infobox newspaper
| name = Business Line
| logo = Business Line logo.svg
| logo_size =
| image = BusinessLineCover.jpg
| image_size = 250px
| caption = Front page
| type = [[Daily newspaper]]
| format = [[Broadsheet]]
| owners = Kasturi & Sons Limited
| publisher = [[The Hindu Group]]
| editor = Raghuvir Srinivasan<ref>{{cite news|title=Mukund Padmanabhan is Editor of The Hindu; Raghavan Srinivasan becomes Business Line Editor|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/mukund-padmanabhan-is-editor-of-the-hindu-raghavan-srinivasan-becomes-business-line-editor/article8390017.ece|work=The Hindu|date=23 March 2016|language=en-IN}}</ref>
| founded = 1994
| language = English
| headquarters = Kasturi Buildings, 859 & 860, [[Anna Salai]], [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]] 600002
| circulation = 1,08,000
| ISSN = 0971-7528
| oclc = 456162874
| website = {{Official URL}}
| free = {{URL|https://epaper.thehindubusinessline.com/}}
| political_position = Pro-business
}}
'''''The Hindu Business Line''''', known as '''''The Hindu Business Line''''', is an Indian business [[newspaper]] published by Kasturi & Sons, the publishers of the newspaper ''[[The Hindu]]'' headquartered in [[Chennai]], India. The newspaper covers priority industry verticals, such as agriculture, aviation, automotive, IT, in weekly specials.

The paper is printed at 17 centres across India, reaching [[List of metropolitan areas in India|metros]] as well as emerging [[Classification of Indian cities#Population-based classification|Tier I]] and Tier II cities. ''Business Line'' has a daily circulation of 1,17,000 copies, per the [[Audit Bureau of Circulations (India)|Audit Bureau of Circulation]] in 2016.<ref>{{cite web|title=Navigation News {{!}} Business Line|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/navigation/?type=static&page=aboutus|website=Business Line|access-date=13 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=The Hindu Business Line - Indian Newspapers in English Language from India|url=http://www.indiapress.org/gen/news.php/Business_Line/|access-date=13 May 2016|work=indiapress.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Business Line, Hindu Business Line, The Hindu Business Line|url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/businessline-240.html|access-date=13 May 2016|work=moneycontrol.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Inauguration of the Hindu Business Line Club|url=http://www.srmuniv.ac.in/content/inauguration-hindu-business-line-club|website=SRM University|access-date=13 May 2016|date=4 September 2015|archive-date=10 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160610113002/http://www.srmuniv.ac.in/content/inauguration-hindu-business-line-club|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Harris|first1=Torry|title=The Hindu Business Line – Torry Harris Launches Mobile App to Track Amazon Cloud Usage|url=http://www.thbs.com/news/the-hindu-business-line-torry-harris-launches-mobile-app-to-track-amazon-cloud-usage|access-date=13 May 2016|work=Torry Harris Business Solutions|language=en-us}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of newspapers in India]]

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
*{{Official website|http://www.thehindubusinessline.com}}

{{KasturiSons}}
{{Newspapers in India}}

[[Category:1994 establishments in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:English-language newspapers published in India]]
[[Category:The Hindu Group]]
[[Category:Newspapers published in Kolkata]]
[[Category:Business newspapers published in India]]
[[Category:Companies based in Chennai]]
[[Category:Newspapers established in 1994]]
[[Category:Newspapers published in Vijayawada]]

{{India-newspaper-stub}}

Mohd Abdul Wahid Endut

2026-03-26T02:28:13Z

HGNJanell4801: improve content per standard format further and cleaned formatting

{{Short description|Malaysian politician}}
{{malay name|Mohd Abdul Wahid|Endut|note=on}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2014}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix = [[Malay styles and titles#Honorary styles|Yang Berbahagia]] [[Malay styles and titles#State titles|Dato']]
| name = Mohd Abdul Wahid Endut
| native_name= محمد عبدالواحد اندوت
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=MYS|size=100%|DPMT}}
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1957|09|29|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Terengganu]], [[Federation of Malaya]] (now [[Malaysia]])
| residence =
| death_date =
| death_place =
| office = Member of the [[Terengganu State Executive Council]]
| monarch = [[Mizan Zainal Abidin of Terengganu|Mizan Zainal Abidin]]
| 1blankname = Menteri Besar
| 1namedata = [[Abdul Hadi Awang]]
| term_start = 2 December 1999
| term_end = 24 March 2004 {{small|(Entrepreneur Development, Small Business and Consumer Affairs)}}
| predecessor = Othman Daud {{small|(Entrepreneur Development and Small Business)}} [[Wong Foon Meng]] {{small|(Consumer Affairs)}}
| successor = Abdul Rahin Mohd Said {{small|(Entrepreneur Development and Small Business}} Toh Chin Yaw {{small|(Consumer Affairs)}}
| constituency = [[Wakaf Mempelam (state constituency)|Wakaf Mempelam]]
| constituency_MP1 = [[Kuala Terengganu]], Terengganu
| parliament = Malaysian
| term_start1 = 17 January 2009
| term_end1 = 5 May 2013
| majority1 = 2,631 ([[2009 Kuala Terengganu by-election|2009]])
| predecessor1 = Razali Ismail ([[Barisan Nasional|BN]]–[[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
| successor1 = [[Raja Kamarul Bahrin Shah Raja Ahmad]] ([[Pakatan Rakyat|PR]]–[[Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]])
| constituency_AM2 = [[Wakaf Mempelam (state constituency)|Wakaf Mempelam]]
| assembly2 = Terengganu State Legislative
| term_start2 = 21 October 1990
| term_end2 = 9 May 2018
| majority2 = 1,163 ([[1990 Malaysian general election|1990]]) 1,119 ([[1995 Malaysian general election|1995]]) 5,760 ([[1999 Malaysian general election|1999]]) 1,888 ([[2004 Malaysian general election|2004]]) 2,193 ([[2008 Malaysian general election|2008]]) 2,810
([[2013 Malaysian general election|2013]]) | predecessor2 = Mustafa @ Hassan Ali ([[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]])
| successor2 = [[Wan Sukairi Wan Abdullah]] ([[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]])
| office3 =
| term_start3 =
| term_end3 =
| predecessor3 =
| successor3 =
| constituency3 =
| party = [[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party]] (PAS)
| otherparty = [[Perikatan Nasional]] (PN) [[Muafakat Nasional]] (MN) [[Pakatan Rakyat]] (PR) [[Barisan Alternatif]] (BA) [[Angkatan Perpaduan Ummah]] (APU)
| occupation = Politician
| majority =
| relations =
| spouse =
| children =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Mohd Abdul Wahid bin Endut''' (born 29 September 1957) was the Member of the [[Parliament of Malaysia]] for the [[Kuala Terengganu]] constituency in [[Terengganu]] (2009 to 2013) the Member of the State Assembly of [[Terengganu]] for the seat of [[Wakaf Mempelam]] (1990 to 2018), sitting as a member of the opposition [[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party]] (PAS).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.parlimen.gov.my/DewRakyat_KedAhli_detail.php?id=34 |title=Mohd Abdul Wahid bin Haji Endut, Y.B. Tuan Haji |publisher=[[Parliament of Malaysia]] |language=Malay |accessdate=6 June 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100414175013/http://www.parlimen.gov.my/DewRakyat_KedAhli_detail.php?id=34 |archivedate=14 April 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://dun.terengganu.gov.my/|title=Members of the State Assembly of Terengganu|publisher=State Assembly of Terengganu|language=Malay|accessdate=6 June 2010}}</ref>

Abdul Wahid—an ally of PAS leader [[Abdul Hadi Awang]]—was elected to Federal Parliament in a [[2009 Kuala Terengganu by-election|by-election for Kuala Terengganu]] on 17 January 2009 after the death of the incumbent member from the governing [[Barisan Nasional]] coalition.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2009/1/4/focus/2939880&sec=focus|title=A very crucial battle looms|last=Suhaini Aznam|date=4 January 2009|work=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]|accessdate=6 June 2010}}</ref> Abdul Wahid won the seat by a margin of 2,631 votes.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2009/1/18/kuala_terengganu/3056313&sec=kuala_terengganu|title=Wahid is new MP for KT|date=18 January 2009|work=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]|accessdate=6 June 2010}}</ref>

Abdul Wahid served in the State Assembly of Terengganu since 1990 until 2018.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/specialreport/news/400484_59/1/.html|title=Malaysia heads into critical by-election|date=6 January 2009|publisher=Channel NewsAsia|accessdate=6 June 2010|archive-date=21 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021002950/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/specialreport/news/400484_59/1/.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> He was a member of the Executive Council before PAS' defeat in the [[2004 Malaysian general election|2004 election]].<ref>{{Cite news
| last = Suthakar
| first = K.
| title = Resort left in shambles
| newspaper = [[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]
| date = 28 September 2004
| url = http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2004/9/28/nation/8990585&sec=nation
| accessdate = 30 December 2009}}</ref>

==Election results==
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em ; font-size:95%"
|+ [[Dewan Rakyat|Parliament of Malaysia]]<ref name="election results">{{cite web|url=http://www.spr.gov.my/eng/index_files/result_prayaVBI/Borang16P36.pdf|title=Penyata Pengudian Selepas Penjumlahan Rasmi Undi|publisher=[[Election Commission of Malaysia]]|accessdate=6 June 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613021003/http://www.spr.gov.my/eng/index_files/result_prayaVBI/Borang16P36.pdf|archive-date=13 June 2011|url-status=dead}} Percentage figures based on total turnout.</ref>
!|Year
!|Constituency
!colspan=2|Candidate
!|Votes
!|Pct
!colspan=2|Opponent(s)
!|Votes
!|Pct
!|Ballots cast
!|Majority
!|Turnout
|-
|rowspan=2|[[2009 Kuala Terengganu by-election|2009]]
|rowspan=2|'''P036 [[Kuala Terengganu (federal constituency)|Kuala Terengganu]]'''
|rowspan=2 {{Party shading/PAS}} |
|rowspan=2|{{nowrap|'''Mohd Abdul Wahid Endut'''}} ([[Malaysian Islamic Party|'''PAS''']])
|rowspan=2 align="right" |'''32,883'''
|rowspan=2|'''51.92%'''
| {{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|[[Wan Ahmad Farid Wan Salleh]] ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
| align="right" |30,252
|47.77%
|rowspan=2|63,993
|rowspan=2|2,631
|rowspan=2|79.76%
|-
|{{Party shading/Independent}} |
|Azharuddin Mamat ([[Independent (politician)|IND]])
|align="right" |193
|align=right|0.30%
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:0.5em ; font-size:95%"
|+ [[Terengganu State Legislative Assembly]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://semak.spr.gov.my/spr/laporan/5_KedudukanAkhir.php|title=Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum Parlimen/Dewan Undangan Negeri|publisher=[[Election Commission of Malaysia]]|accessdate=6 June 2010}} Percentage figures based on total turnout.</ref>
!|Year
!|Constituency
!colspan=2|Candidate
!|Votes
!|Pct
!colspan=2|Opponent(s)
!|Votes
!|Pct
!|Ballots cast
!|Majority
!|Turnout
|-
|rowspan=2|[[1990 Malaysian general election|1990]]
|rowspan=2|'''N16 [[Wakaf Mempelam (state constituency)|Wakaf Mempelam]]'''
|rowspan=2 {{Party shading/PAS}} |
|rowspan=2|{{nowrap|'''Mohd Abdul Wahid Endut'''}} ([[Malaysian Islamic Party|'''PAS''']])
|rowspan=2 align="right" |'''6,383'''
|rowspan=2|'''54.52%'''
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|Abd Latif Mohd ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
| align="right" |5,220
|44.59%
|rowspan=2|12,157
|rowspan=2|1,163
|rowspan=2|80.98%
|-
|{{Party shading/Independent}} |
|Wan Deraman Wan Nik ([[Independent (politician)|IND]])
|align="right" |104
|align=right|0.89%
|-
|[[1995 Malaysian general election|1995]]
|rowspan=5|'''N13 [[Wakaf Mempelam (state constituency)|Wakaf Mempelam]]'''
|{{Party shading/PAS}} |
|{{nowrap|'''Mohd Abdul Wahid Endut'''}} ([[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|'''PAS''']])
|align="right" |'''6,379'''
|'''54.81%'''
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|Sulong Mamat ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|align="right" |5,260
|45.19%
|11,875
|1,119
|78.86%
|-
|[[1999 Malaysian general election|1999]]
|{{Party shading/PAS}} |
|{{nowrap|'''Mohd Abdul Wahid Endut'''}} ([[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|'''PAS''']])
|align="right" |'''8,981'''
|'''73.39%'''
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|Muhamad Ngah ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|align="right" |3,221
|26.32%
|12,496
|5,760
|80.20%
|-
|[[2004 Malaysian general election|2004]]
|{{Party shading/PAS}} |
|{{nowrap|'''Mohd Abdul Wahid Endut'''}} ('''[[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]]''')
|align="right" |'''8,565'''
|'''56.17%'''
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|Hamzah Mohamad Zain ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|align="right" |6,677
|43.79%
|15,399
|1,888
|85.92%
|-
|[[2008 Malaysian general election|2008]]
|{{Party shading/PAS}} |
|{{nowrap|'''Mohd Abdul Wahid Endut'''}} ('''[[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]]''')
|align="right" |'''9,645'''
|'''56.33%'''
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|Othman Awang ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|align="right" |7,452
|43.53%
|17,277
|2,193
|83.98%
|-
|[[2013 Malaysian general election|2013]]
|{{Party shading/PAS}} |
|{{nowrap|'''Mohd Abdul Wahid Endut'''}} ('''[[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party|PAS]]''')
|align="right" |'''12,427'''
|'''56.02%'''
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|Wan Mahyuddin Wan Ngah ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]])
|align="right" |9,617
|43.35%
|22,402
|2,810
|88.76%
|}

==Honours==
* {{Flag|Terengganu}}
** [[File:MY-TER Order of the Crown of Terengganu - Dato Paduka - DPMT.svg|50px]] Knight Commander of the [[Order of the Crown of Terengganu]] (DPMT) – '''Dato'''' (2023)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sukpengurusan.terengganu.gov.my/index.php/2016-07-24-02-21-59/berita/813-hebahan-istiadat-pengurniaan-gelaran-dan-bintang-bintang-darjah-kebesaran-negeri-terengganu-darul-iman-sempena-sambutan-ulang-tahun-ke-61-hari-keputeraan-kebawah-duli-yang-maha-mulia-sultan-terengganu|title=HEBAHAN ISTIADAT PENGURNIAAN GELARAN DAN BINTANG-BINTANG DARJAH KEBESARAN NEGERI TERENGGANU DARUL IMAN SEMPENA SAMBUTAN ULANG TAHUN KE–61 HARI KEPUTERAAN KEBAWAH DULI YANG MAHA MULIA SULTAN TERENGGANU|date=19 Jun 2023|website=Pejabat Setiausaha Negeri Terengganu (Khidmat Pengurusan)|access-date=20 Jun 2023}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1957 births]]
[[Category:Malaysian Islamic Party politicians]]
[[Category:Malaysian politicians of Malay descent]]
[[Category:Malaysian Muslims]]
[[Category:Members of the Terengganu State Legislative Assembly]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Crown of Terengganu]]
[[Category:Malaysian MPs 2008–2013]]

{{Malaysia-MP-stub}}

Asha Parekh

2026-03-20T04:27:54Z

HGNJanell4801: rework content and added references for clarity

{{short description|Indian actress (born 1942)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Asha Parekh
| image = Asha Parekh.jpg
| caption = Parekh in 2022
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=y|1942|10|02}}
| birth_place =
| occupation = {{hlist|Actress|director|producer}}
| years_active = 1952–2008
| works = [[Asha Parekh filmography|Full list]]
| honours = [[Padma Shri]] (1992) [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]] (2020)
}}
'''Asha Parekh''' (born 2 October 1942) is an Indian actress, film director and producer who has worked in [[Asha Parekh filmography|more than 85 films]] in a career that has spanned over 40 years.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{cite news |title=O Haseena Zulfo Waali Jaane Jahan! On 77th Birthday, A Look at What Asha Parekh Gave To Cinema |url=https://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/celebs/o-haseena-zulfo-waali-jaane-jahan-on-her-76th-birthday-a-look-at-what-asha-parekh-gave-to-bollywood-376862.html |access-date=2 October 2019 |work=The Times of India |date=2 October 2019 |language=en |archive-date=2 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191002165542/https://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/celebs/o-haseena-zulfo-waali-jaane-jahan-on-her-76th-birthday-a-look-at-what-asha-parekh-gave-to-bollywood-376862.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.screenindia.com/old/20021011/fhap.html |title=Screen The Business Of Entertainment-Films-Happenigs |author=Bhawana Somaaya |work=[[Screen (magazine)|Screen]] |access-date=27 October 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110209174059/http://www.screenindia.com/old/20021011/fhap.html |archive-date=9 February 2011}}</ref> In 1992, she was honoured with the [[Padma Shri]] by the [[Government of India]] for her contribution to the field of cinema and was honoured with [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]] in 2020.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=27 September 2022 |title=Actor Asha Parekh to be conferred with the Dadasaheb Phalke Award |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2022/09/27/asha-parekh-to-get-dada-saheb-phalke-award.html |access-date=27 September 2022 |magazine=Manorama |language=en}}</ref>

Parekh made her acting debut as a child in ''[[Maa (1952 film)|Maa]]'' (1952). As an adult, she appeared in ''[[Dil Deke Dekho]]'' (1959) and starred in several films in the 1960s and 1970, including ''[[Jab Pyar Kisi Se Hota Hai]]'' (1961), ''[[Bharosa]]'' (1963), ''[[Ziddi (1964 film)|Ziddi]]'' (1964), ''[[Mere Sanam]]'' (1965), ''[[Teesri Manzil]]'' (1966), ''[[Love in Tokyo]]'' (1966), ''[[Do Badan]]'' (1966), ''[[Aaye Din Bahar Ke]]'' (1966), ''[[Upkar]]'' (1967), ''[[Kanyadaan (1968 film)|Kanyadaan]]'' (1968), ''[[Shikar (1968 film)|Shikar]]'' (1968), ''[[Aya Sawan Jhoom Ke]]'' (1969), ''[[Sajan (1969 film)|Sajan]]'' (1969), ''[[Chirag]]'' (1969), ''[[Kati Patang]]'' (1970), ''[[Aan Milo Sajna]]'' (1970), ''[[Mera Gaon Mera Desh]]'' (1971), ''[[Caravan (1971 film)|Caravan]]'' (1971), ''[[Samadhi (1972 film)|Samadhi]]'' (1972), ''[[Heera (1973 film)|Heera]]'' (1973), ''[[Udhar Ka Sindur]]'' (1976), ''[[Main Tulsi Tere Aangan Ki]]'' (1978) and ''[[Kaalia]]'' (1981).

She won a [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress]], and was honoured with the [[Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award]] in 2002. Her autobiography, ''The Hit Girl'', was published in 2017.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/642851/still-waiting-to-work-with-dilip-kumar-asha-parekh/ |title=Still waiting to work with Dilip Kumar: Asha Parekh |last=Tribune.com.pk |date=8 December 2013 |website=The Express Tribune |language=en-US |access-date=17 June 2019 |archive-date=26 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140526183223/http://tribune.com.pk/story/642851/still-waiting-to-work-with-dilip-kumar-asha-parekh/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Early life ==
Asha Parekh was born on 2 October 1942 in [[Santacruz, Mumbai|Santa Cruz]], Mumbai.<ref name="birth">{{cite web |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/dont-feel-75-asha-parekh/ |title="I don't feel 75 at all" – Asha Parekh |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=3 October 2017 |access-date=24 February 2018 |first=Subhash K. |last=Jha |archive-date=4 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180304231613/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/dont-feel-75-asha-parekh/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Her mother, Sudha "Salma" Lakdawala, a [[Bohra|Bohri Muslim]], and her father, Bachubhai Parekh, a [[Gujaratis|Gujarati Hindu]], met while studying at [[Fergusson College]] in Pune.<ref name=":3">{{cite magazine |first=Farhana |last=Farook |date=3 June 2017 |title=I was enamoured by Nasir saab - Asha Parekh |url=https://www.filmfare.com/interviews/i-was-enamoured-by-nasir-saab-asha-parekh-21139.html |magazine=[[Filmfare]] |access-date=24 February 2018 |archive-date=1 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201132054/https://www.filmfare.com/interviews/i-was-enamoured-by-nasir-saab-asha-parekh-21139.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Bari |first=Prachi |date=10 September 2017 |title=There's a lot to me than just a {{sic|glamo|urous |nolink=y}} actress, says Asha Parekh at PILF |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/pune-news/there-s-a-lot-to-me-than-just-a-glamourous-actress-says-asha-parekh-at-pilf/story-JejUaZ0zRKALmWrwlbKIjP.html |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=27 March 2020 |quote=t was in this city that my father, a Hindu Gujarati fell in love with my mother, a Bohri Muslim studying in Fergusson College |archive-date=27 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327154427/https://www.hindustantimes.com/pune-news/there-s-a-lot-to-me-than-just-a-glamourous-actress-says-asha-parekh-at-pilf/story-JejUaZ0zRKALmWrwlbKIjP.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=toi>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/Gujarat-woman-gave-censor-the-scissors/articleshow/13015091.cms |location=Ahmedabad |title=Gujarat woman gave censor the scissors |date=6 May 2012 |access-date=24 February 2018 |first=Saeed |last=Khan |work=[[The Times of India]] |archive-date=24 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180224212031/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/Gujarat-woman-gave-censor-the-scissors/articleshow/13015091.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Scroll_Apr2017">{{cite news |last1=Parekh |first1=Asha |date=8 April 2017 |title=Censoring 'Fire', 'Zakhm' and 'Elizabeth': Asha Parekh on her stormy stint as censor board chief |url=https://scroll.in/reel/833936/censoring-fire-zakhm-and-elizabeth-asha-parekh-on-her-stormy-stint-as-censor-board-chief |work=Scroll.in |access-date=18 July 2025}}</ref> Lakdawala was a [[freedom fighter]] and participated in [[Indian independence movement|India's struggle for independence]]. She was briefly incarcerated for protesting against the British colonial rule while pregnant with Parekh.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Agarwal |first1=Varsha |date=10 March 2015 |title=Meet actress who ruled Bollywood for 15 years, her mother died of cancer, dedicated hospital on her name, she is... |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-meet-actress-who-ruled-bollywood-for-15-years-her-mother-died-of-cancer-dedicated-hospital-on-her-name-she-is-3137927 |work=[[DNA (India)]] |access-date=19 July 2025 |archive-date=8 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250408041451/https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-meet-actress-who-ruled-bollywood-for-15-years-her-mother-died-of-cancer-dedicated-hospital-on-her-name-she-is-3137927 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title= Asha Parekh's shocking revelation: 'I might have been born in jail if my uncle...' |url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/etimes/bollywood/asha-parekhs-shocking-revelation-i-might-have-been-born-in-jail-if-my-uncle-/videoshow/105598150.cms |work= The Times of India |date= 29 November 2023 |access-date= 19 July 2025 |archive-date= 16 July 2024 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20240716055248/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/etimes/bollywood/asha-parekhs-shocking-revelation-i-might-have-been-born-in-jail-if-my-uncle-/videoshow/105598150.cms |url-status= live }}</ref>

Growing up, Parekh wanted to be a doctor but changed her mind after witnessing a train accident. She was also interested in dance from a young age, and veteran actor [[Prem Nath]], while visiting [[Mukul S. Anand|Mukul Anand]]'s family next door, was impressed by her abilities. He then asked [[Kathak]]-dancer Mohanlal Pandey to train Parekh for an upcoming performance at [[St. Xavier's College, Mumbai]] where director [[Bimal Roy]] first saw her. He would go on to cast Parekh as a child actor in the film ''[[Maa (1952 film)|Maa]]'' (1952).<ref>{{cite news | last1=Biswas | first1=Subhjeet | date=2 October 2021 | title=Asha Parekh: Celebrating 'The Jubilee' Girl of Hindi Cinema | url=https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/bollywood/asha-parekh-jubilee-girl-bollywood-hindi-cinema#read-more | work=The Quint | access-date=19 July 2025 | archive-date=23 June 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240623170121/https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/bollywood/asha-parekh-jubilee-girl-bollywood-hindi-cinema#read-more | url-status=live }}</ref>

== Career ==

=== 1952–1956: Early work as a child actor ===
Parekh started her career as a child actor at ten years old, appearing in ''[[Maa (1952 film)|Maa]]'' (1952) under the screen name Baby Asha Parekh.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |last=Rawal |first=Sugandha |date=15 July 2024 |title=Asha Parekh reacts to Shammi Kapoor marriage rumours, opens up about 'actresses enjoying alcohol' back in the day |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/asha-parekh-reacts-to-shammi-kapoor-dating-rumours-opens-up-about-actresses-enjoying-alcohol-earlier-101721036893857.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240813003430/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/asha-parekh-reacts-to-shammi-kapoor-dating-rumours-opens-up-about-actresses-enjoying-alcohol-earlier-101721036893857.html |archive-date=13 August 2024 |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=18 July 2025}}</ref><ref>Parekh, Asha and Mohammed, Khalid. ''The Hit Girl''. New Delhi: Om Books International (2017), p. 49</ref> She was also seen in ''Aasman'' (1952), ''[[Shri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu (film)|Shri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu]]'' (1953), ''[[Baap Beti]]'' (1954), ''[[Dhobi Doctor]]'' (1954), ''Ayodhyapati'' (1956), ''Aasha'' (1956) and ''Ustaad'' (1956).<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Singh |first=Prashant |date=7 April 2017 |title=Deepika, Priyanka or Alia can play me in my biopic: Asha Parekh |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/deepika-priyanka-or-alia-can-play-me-in-my-biopic-asha-parekh/story-Ug3ozEbbxHKSAq1EhajgpO.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930135721/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/deepika-priyanka-or-alia-can-play-me-in-my-biopic-asha-parekh/story-Ug3ozEbbxHKSAq1EhajgpO.html |archive-date=30 September 2023 |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=18 July 2025 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Raheja +first=Ginesh |title=Asha Parekh: Bollywood's glamorous good girl |url=https://www.rediff.com/entertai/2002/jun/10dinesh.htm |website=Rediff.com |access-date=18 July 2025}}</ref> Parekh played a supporting role in ''[[Jwala (1971 film)|Jwala]]'' (1971) that began shooting in 1956 but experienced production delays due to [[Madhubala]]'s prevailing sickness.<ref name=":3" /> After ''Baap Beti'' was unsuccessful at the box office, Parekh decided to step away from acting and resumed her schooling.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2003/08/12/stories/2003081200010400.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031207081450/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2003/08/12/stories/2003081200010400.htm |url-status=usurped |archive-date=7 December 2003 |title=The Hindu : Poise and pearly smiles |publisher=Hinduonnet.com |access-date=27 October 2008}}</ref>

=== 1959–1990: Rise to Stardom===
At sixteen, Parekh tried to dabble in acting again, but was rejected from [[Vijay Bhatt]]'s ''[[Goonj Uthi Shehnai]]'' (1959) in favour of actress [[Ameeta]], because the filmmaker claimed she was not "star material".<ref name=":0" /> Eight days later, producer [[Subodh Mukherjee]] and writer-director [[Nasir Hussain]] cast her in ''[[Dil Deke Dekho]]'' (1959) opposite [[Shammi Kapoor]]. The film was the beginning of Parekh's long-standing association with Hussain, who went on to work with her in six more films: ''[[Jab Pyar Kisi Se Hota Hai]]'' (1961), ''[[Phir Wohi Dil Laya Hoon]]'' (1963), ''[[Teesri Manzil]]'' (1966), ''[[Baharon Ke Sapne]]'' (1967), ''[[Pyar Ka Mausam]]'' (1969), and ''[[Caravan (1971 film)|Caravan]]'' (1971). Hussain was also the distributor of 21 of her films including ''Baharon Ke Sapne'' (1967).<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/jubilee-queen-once-more/article5478936.ece |location=Chennai, India |work=The Hindu |first=Anuj |last=Kumar |title=Jubilee queen, once more |date=19 December 2013 |access-date=22 December 2013 |archive-date=26 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140326224604/http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/jubilee-queen-once-more/article5478936.ece |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Jain |first=Arushi |date=2 October 2023 |title=Asha Parekh: Bollywood's 'jubilee' girl whose name was enough to sell films; was Dharmendra, Dev Anand, Shammi Kapoor's 'lucky mascot' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/asha-parekh-bollywoods-jubilee-girl-name-was-enough-to-sell-films-dharmendra-dev-anand-shammi-kapoors-lucky-mascot-8964558/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241002174225/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/asha-parekh-bollywoods-jubilee-girl-name-was-enough-to-sell-films-dharmendra-dev-anand-shammi-kapoors-lucky-mascot-8964558/ |archive-date=2 October 2024 |work=The Indian Express |access-date=18 July 2025}}</ref> After ''Dil Deke Dekho'', she was cast in [[Ramanand Sagar]]'s ''[[Ghunghat (1960 film)|Ghunghant]]'' (1960), an adaptation of [[Rabindranath Tagore]]'s ''[[Noukadubi]]''. She also appeared in [[Gharana (1961 film)|Gharana]] (1961) featuring [[Rajendra Kumar]] and [[Raaj Kumar]], and ''[[Chhaya (film)|Chhaya]]'' (1961) alongside [[Sunil Dutt]] and [[Nirupa Roy]]. The film, including the song ''Hum Insaan Nahi'' by [[Mohammed Rafi|Mohammad Rafi]], received positive reviews from the critics.

She starred in [[Ziddi (1964 film)|''Ziddi'']] (1964), ''[[Mere Sanam]]'' (1965), [[Love in Tokyo|''Love In Tokyo'']] (1966), ''[[Aaye Din Bahar Ke|Aaye Din Bahaar Ke]]'' (1966) and ''[[Upkar]]'' (1967), all of which were successful at the box office.<ref name=":1" /> She also worked with director [[Raj Khosla]] on ''[[Do Badan]]'' (1966), ''[[Chirag]]'' (1969) for which she earned a nomination for the [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress]], and ''[[Main Tulsi Tere Aangan Ki]]'' (1978) for which she earned a nomination for the [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress]]. In a BBC interview, Parekh said that until ''Do Badan'' she was considered a "glamour girl" but her performance in the film established her as a "good actor."<ref name=":1" /> She worked with director [[Shakti Samanta]] on ''[[Pagla Kahin Ka]]'' (1970) and ''[[Kati Patang]]'' (1970) for which she won her first and only Filmfare Award for Best Actress.<ref name=":1" /> She also played a supporting role in ''[[Udhar Ka Sindur]]'' (1976) for which she was nominated a second time for the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress.

During this time, Parekh also worked in three [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] films, including ''Akhand Saubhagyavati'' (1963) and ''Kulvadhu'' (1977). She also appeared in two [[Punjabi cinema|Punjabi]] films, ''[[Kankan De Ohle]]'' (1971) opposite [[Dharmendra]] and ''Lambhardarni'' (1976) with [[Dara Singh]], as well as the [[Kannada]] film ''[[Sharavegada Saradara]]'' (1989).<ref name="screenindia.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.screenindia.com/news/spice/428465/ |title=Spice |publisher=[[Screen (magazine)|Screen]] |access-date=27 March 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090513004145/http://www.screenindia.com/news/spice/428465/ |archive-date=13 May 2009}}</ref> She starred in ''[[Kaalia]]'' (1981), her only film opposite [[Amitabh Bachchan]] and had a guest appearance in Hussain's 1984 film ''[[Manzil Manzil]]'' (1984).

=== 1990s: Directorial debut and other endeavours ===
After ''Kaalia'', Parekh pivoted to television and directed a Gujarati-language show ''Jyoti'' (1988–1989). She started Akruti, the production company behind ''Palash ke Phool'' (1989–1990), ''Baaje Payal'', ''[[Kora Kagaz (TV series)|Kora Kagaz]]'' (1998–2002) and ''Dal Mein Kaala'' (1998–1999).<ref>{{Cite news |title='Yes, we were married,' Asha Parekh on marriage rumours with Shammi Kapoor, addresses her strained relationship with Shatrughan Sinha |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/yes-we-were-married-asha-parekh-on-marriage-rumours-with-shammi-kapoor-addresses-her-strained-relationship-with-shatrughan-sinha/articleshow/111759101.cms |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |date=17 July 2024 |access-date=18 July 2025 |archive-date=16 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250116113803/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/yes-we-were-married-asha-parekh-on-marriage-rumours-with-shammi-kapoor-addresses-her-strained-relationship-with-shatrughan-sinha/articleshow/111759101.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

From 1994 to 2000, Parekh was the president of the Cine and TV Artistes' Association (CINTAA) which was headed by actor [[Amjad Khan (actor)|Amjad Khan]]. In 1991, Parekh, along with [[Dilip Kumar]], [[Sunil Dutt]], [[Mithun Chakraborty]] and Amjad Khan, formed the Cine Artiste Welfare Trust to provide financial and medical assistance to deserving members of the Association. Parekh, Sunil Dutt, [[Amrish Puri]], [[Chandrashekhar (actor)|Chandrashekhar]], and [[Dara Singh]] were on the Board of Trustees of the Trust. In 2011, when Times of India columnist Bharathi Dubey wrote about the ailing Indian actor and freedom fighter [[A. K. Hangal|A.K. Hangal]], Parekh and director [[Vipul Shah]] came forward to support his medical expenses.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chanana |first=Opender |url=https://archive.nyu.edu/bitstream/2451/33878/2/The%20Missing%203%20in%20Bollywood.pdf |title=The Missing 3 in Bollywood: Safety, Security, Shelter |archive-date=20 February 2025 |access-date=18 July 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250220135622/https://archive.nyu.edu/bitstream/2451/33878/2/The%20Missing%203%20in%20Bollywood.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Asha Parekh to inaugurate CINTAA's new office envisioned by yesteryear superstars |url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/bollywood-news/article/yesterdays-dream-todays-reality-23315341 |work=Mid Day |date=20 October 2023 |access-date=18 July 2025}}</ref>

Between 1998 and 2001, she became the first woman to be appointed as the chairperson of the [[Central Board of Film Certification]] (CBFC).

====Controversies during CBFC tenure====
Within days of assuming her position at CBFC, there was a controversy regarding [[Deepa Mehta]]'s ''[[Fire (1996 film)|Fire]]'' (1996). The film released overseas in 1996, receiving critical acclaim at several international film festivals, and was released in India two years later. Protests were held outside the cinemas screening the film, with people claiming ''Fire'' was "alien to Indian culture" and calling for a ban. In her memoir, Parekh said the film portrayed "the bold theme of [[Homosexuality|same-gender love]] between two women" aesthetically and without [[sensationalism]]. "There was no reason to ban it at all or delete a kissing scene between [[Shabana Azmi]] and [[Nandita Das]]," she wrote, "Sanjivani Kutti (regional manager of CBFC) and I stuck to the collective decision, the censors would not recall the film for a second opinion."<ref name="Scroll_Apr2017"/>

In 1998, Ronnie Mendonca, Mumbai's commissioner of police, requested Parekh to allow preemptive screening of films by the [[Maharashtra]] police before CBFC issues them a censor certificate.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sabrang.com/cc/comold/dec98/cover.htm|title=CC December 1998|website=www.sabrang.com}}</ref> Parekh agreed to the proposal, and asked [[Mukesh Bhatt|Mukesh]] and [[Mahesh Bhatt]]'s ''[[Zakhm]]'' (1998) to be cleared with senior police officers before cinematic release. CBFC believed this to be "a cautionary measure" assuming that the depiction of communal riots in the film might cause a public backlash. The director-duo was unhappy with the decision, with Mukesh saying the matter be discussed with [[L. K. Advani|L.K. Advani]], the then [[Minister of Home Affairs (India)|Minister of Home Affairs]]. Much back-and-forth ensued. The film was eventually released after minor cuts were imposed and "visuals indicating the party affiliations of the rioters were blurred."<ref name="Scroll_Apr2017"/> In the same year, CBFC cleared ''[[Bombay Boys]]'' (1998) for release after twenty audio and video cuts. Later, Mumbai Youth Association called for Parekh's resignation over the release of both ''Zakhm'' and ''Bombay Boys''.<ref>{{Cite web|title= Rediff on the NeT: Bombay group demands ban on Bombay Boys, Zakhm|url= https://m.rediff.com/news/1998/dec/30bom.htm|access-date= 18 July 2025|archive-date= 20 June 2025|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20250620101243/https://m.rediff.com/news/1998/dec/30bom.htm|url-status= live}}</ref>

For Parekh, [[Shekhar Kapur]]'s ''[[Elizabeth (film)|Elizabeth]]'' (1998) was the next "storm in a teacup."<ref name="Scroll_Apr2017"/> After CBFC suggested a few cuts and certified the film as 'Adults Only,' Kapur challenged her to a public debate in an open letter published in The Times of India.<ref>{{cite news |title=Shekhar dares Asha Parekh to public debate - The Times of India |url=https://www.cscsarchive.org/MediaArchive/art.nsf/(docid)/A3933422960E6D5D65256940006200D6?OpenDocument |access-date=18 July 2025 |work=The Times of India |date=8 August 1999}}</ref> He insisted on a 'UA' certification for universal exhibition, and took the case to [[Tribunal|appellate tribunal]]; Justice Bhaktavar Lentin ruled in Kapur's favor.<ref name="Scroll_Apr2017"/>

Parekh agreed with the members of censorship committee on deleting one of the songs featured in [[Saawan Kumar Tak]]'s [[Mother (1990 film)|Mother]] (1999). The song, ''Biwi Hai Cheez Sajawat Ki (A wife is meant to be a decorative object)'' picturized on [[Rekha]], was deemed "offensive" and "insulting to women." The decision was supported by the [[Central government|Central Government]]. According to Parekh, a disgruntled Tak "raised a hue and cry" against the censorship in media interviews.<ref name="Scroll_Apr2017"/>

In the case of ''[[Chori Chori Chupke Chupke]]'' (2001), the Ministry requested Parekh to screen the film personally. The producer refused to make the print available, and a legal notice was left at his office door. Finally, a screening was arranged and several instances of [[double entendre]] dialogue were deleted. It was widely reported that the film, starring [[Preity Zinta]], [[Salman Khan]] and [[Rani Mukerji]], was financed by the [[Organised crime in India|Mumbai underworld]] elements. [[Central Bureau of Investigation|The Central Bureau of Investigation]] seized several prints of the film, and a formal investigation was launched. Parekh believed that the charges did not fall within the purview of the CBFC, and the film was released after a few cuts.<ref name="Scroll_Apr2017"/>

In her memoir, Parekh stated her aim as the CBFC chairperson was to only censor excessive vulgarity and violence, degradation of women, and use of non-essential abusive-language. "I had to strike a balance between carrying out the responsibilities as stated in the censorship guidelines and the filmmaker's right to freedom of expression," she said, "I was neither radical nor a dictator."<ref name="Scroll_Apr2017"/>

=== 2008–present: Later years and autobiography ===
In 2008, she was a judge on the [[9X (TV channel)|Channel 9X]] reality show ''Tyohaar Dhamaaka''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.screenindia.com/news/i-had-lost-interest-in-tv/374173/ |title=I had lost interest in TV |publisher=[[Screen (magazine)|Screen]] |date=17 October 2008 |access-date=27 March 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081019004306/http://www.screenindia.com/news/i-had-lost-interest-in-tv/374173/ |archive-date=19 October 2008}}</ref> In 2017, her autobiography, co-written by [[Khalid Mohamed]], titled ''The Hit Girl'' was published by Om Books International.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/photos/374463/asha-parekhs-autobiography-titled-hit-girls-cover-speaks-her-charm |title=Asha Parekh's autobiography titled The Hit Girl's cover speaks of her charm |author=Apoorva Nijhara |date=17 March 2017 |access-date=4 March 2018 |archive-date=21 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121010918/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/photos/374463/asha-parekhs-autobiography-titled-hit-girls-cover-speaks-her-charm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Personal life ==
[[File:Asha Parekh on her 70th birthday.jpg|thumb|Parekh celebrating her 70th birthday with [[Sushmita Sen]] and [[Aruna Irani]]]]

Parekh has never married. At an event in 2017, she said that for her, "a good marriage mattered more than just getting married," as she didn't want to "marry just for the sake of having that title."<ref name= ":Verve">{{cite news |title=Asha Parekh Talks About Her Journey As A Never-Married 77-Year-Old |url=http://www.vervemagazine.in/people/asha-parekh-talks-about-her-journey-as-a-never-married-77-year-old |access-date=6 December 2019 |work=Verve Magazine |date=26 November 2019 |archive-date=5 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191205185553/http://www.vervemagazine.in/people/asha-parekh-talks-about-her-journey-as-a-never-married-77-year-old |url-status=live }}</ref>

In her memoir, Parekh confirmed a relationship with director [[Nasir Hussain]] who was married to Ayesha Khan and had two children. While she considered him to be the "only man she ever loved," Parekh did not persuade Hussain for marriage to avoid being a "home breaker" and "[traumatising] his children."<ref>Parekh, Asha and Mohammed, Khalid. ''The Hit Girl''. New Delhi: Om Books International (2017), p. 214-217</ref> She has alluded to the absence of any ill-will between her and Hussain's family; his children, Nusrat and [[Imran Khan (film actor)|Imran]], attended her book launch.<ref>{{cite news |title=When Asha Parekh confessed she loved Nasir Hussain but never considered marrying him: 'Couldn't break up his family, traumatise his kids' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/when-asha-parekh-said-she-never-thought-of-marrying-nasir-hussain-could-never-consider-breaking-up-his-family-8295879/ |work=The Indian Express |date=2 December 2022 |access-date=23 July 2025}}</ref> After Hussain's death in 2002, Parekh recalled that she had not been in touch with him during the last year of his life, as he had become reclusive, but did speak to him before his demise.<ref>{{cite news |title=Veteran actress Asha Parekh on why she never married and being in love with filmmaker Nasir Hussain |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/veteran-actress-asha-parekh-on-why-she-never-married-and-being-in-love-with-filmmaker-nasir-hussain/articleshow/72366189.cms |work=The Times of India |date=4 December 2019 |access-date=23 July 2025 |archive-date=9 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809023750/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/veteran-actress-asha-parekh-on-why-she-never-married-and-being-in-love-with-filmmaker-nasir-hussain/articleshow/72366189.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

Parekh almost married a US-based Indian professor before he confessed to having a girlfriend and the wedding plans fell through. Following her mother's advice, she explored [[arranged marriage]] prospects, but didn't find the "right kind of man" and felt "put off by the whole premise of marriage."<ref name= ":Verve"/> She tried to adopt a child suffering from congenial defects, who "triggered a fervent maternal instinct" in her, but the doctors refused. "They asked me to select another child, but my love for this child I didn't even know was unrelenting and I was adamant on adopting only him," she told [[Verve (Indian magazine)|Verve Magazine]]. Her mother experienced a stroke soon after, and Parekh became occupied with caretaking. "I was very attached to [my mother] and the very notion of having another being to care for besides her then seemed inconceivable," she said.<ref name= ":Verve" />

Parekh is close with fellow-actors [[Shammi (actress)|Nargis Rabadi]], [[Helen (actress)|Helen]], [[Waheeda Rehman]], and [[Saira Banu]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Singh |first1=Simran |date=May 22, 2025 |title=This star actress was 'madly in love' with married director, didn't want to become 'Souten', decided to stay single for life, she's 82 years old, her name is... |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/photo-gallery-this-star-actress-was-madly-in-love-with-married-director-didn-t-want-to-become-souten-decided-to-stay-single-for-life-she-s-82-years-old-her-name-is-asha-parekh-nasir-hussain-3153603/asha-parekh-on-why-she-never-got-married-3153626 |work=DNA India |access-date=23 July 2025}}</ref>

As of 2025, Parekh dedicates her time to her dance academy ''Kara Bhavan''. She established Bhikhubai Chandulal Jalundwala (BCJ) General Hospital and Asha Parekh Research Centre, also known as Asha Parekh Hospital, in [[Santacruz, Mumbai]] to honour her mother who died of cancer in September 1990. The 120-bed hospital was run by a Trust, and tended to 300 patients a day. It first closed in 2007 after the employees went on strike demanding a higher salary and reinstatement of five unfairly-dismissed staff members. In 2009, Suketu Shah, CEO of BCJ General Hospital announced that the hospital will reopen in March of that year.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Andhale |first1=Santosh |date=24 March 2009 |title=Asha Parekh puts Santacruz hospital back on its feet |url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/other/Asha-Parekh-puts-Santacruz-hospital-back-on-its-feet/articleshow/15911212.html |work=Mumbai Mirror |access-date=22 July 2025}}</ref> The hospital was closed again in 2018 owing to financial losses. Confirming the news, Parekh said the Trust "entered a joint venture to redevelop the building for a new hospital."<ref>{{cite news |last1=Singh |first1=Varun |title=In loss, Asha Parekh Hospital pulls the plug |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-in-loss-asha-parekh-hospital-pulls-the-plug-2597361 |access-date=6 October 2023 |work=DNA |date=25 March 2018 |archive-date=17 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190617130654/https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-in-loss-asha-parekh-hospital-pulls-the-plug-2597361 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.etnownews.com/entertainment/this-actress-ruled-bollywood-for-15-years-was-its-highest-paid-star-and-built-a-hospital-in-her-mothers-memoryher-legacy-is-unmatched-article-118853275 |title= This actress ruled Bollywood for 15 years, was its highest-paid star, and built a hospital in her mother's memory—her legacy is unmatched! |work=The Times of India |access-date=22 July 2025}}</ref> In 2024, [[Shalby Hospitals]], a multispecialty hospital franchise, acquired a thirty-year lease for running the BCJ General Hospital. The company announced that they are in the process of formalising a lease agreement with the Trust, and securing necessary permissions to construct a new 175-bedded facility.<ref>{{cite news |title=Shalby shares rise 6% after securing 30-year lease for Mumbai's Asha Parekh Hospital |url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/markets/shalby-shares-rise-6-after-securing-30-year-lease-for-mumbais-asha-parekh-hospital-12766785.html |work=Moneycontrol |date=11 July 2024 |access-date=22 July 2025 |archive-date=25 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240725232639/https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/markets/shalby-shares-rise-6-after-securing-30-year-lease-for-mumbais-asha-parekh-hospital-12766785.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

After her mother's death, Parekh sold her [[Juhu]] bungalow and moved to an apartment to take care of her ailing father who died a few months later. In a [[Press Trust of India]] interview, she admitted to struggling with depression and suicidal thoughts following the death of both her parents.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/felt-miserable-had-suicidal-thoughts-asha-parekh-on-her-most-successful-time/story-xX5P8DDn1UZgt88pHpYxbI.html |title=Felt miserable, had suicidal thoughts: Asha Parekh on her most successful time |work=Hindustan Times |date=6 April 2017 |access-date=1 September 2019 |archive-date=1 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190901163647/https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/felt-miserable-had-suicidal-thoughts-asha-parekh-on-her-most-successful-time/story-xX5P8DDn1UZgt88pHpYxbI.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Artistry and legacy ==
[[File:Asha Parekh in 2019.jpg|thumb|Parekh at an event in 2019]]

Parekh is regarded as one of the most accomplished actors of [[Hindi cinema]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=Top heroines of Bollywood |magazine=[[India Today]] |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/cinema/100-years-of-indian-cinema/photo/top-actresses-of-bollywood-ever-367543-2012-05-01/24 |url-status=live |access-date=24 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128234730/https://www.indiatoday.in/cinema/100-years-of-indian-cinema/photo/top-actresses-of-bollywood-ever-367543-2012-05-01/24 |archive-date=28 November 2020}}</ref> In 2022, she was placed in ''[[Outlook India]]''{{'}}s "75 Best Bollywood Actresses" list.<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=75 Bollywood Actresses Who Ruled The Silver Screen With Grace, Beauty And Talent |date=16 August 2022 |magazine=Outlook |access-date=16 August 2022 |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/art-entertainment/75-bollywood-actresses-who-ruled-the-silver-screen-with-grace-beauty-and-talent-news-216694/amp |archive-date=16 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816142138/https://www.outlookindia.com/art-entertainment/75-bollywood-actresses-who-ruled-the-silver-screen-with-grace-beauty-and-talent-news-216694/amp |url-status=live }}</ref> One of the highest paid of late 1960s to early 1970s, Parekh appeared in ''[[Box Office India]]''{{'}}s "Top Actresses" list seven times, from 1966 to 1972 and topped the list thrice (1967–1969).<ref>{{cite web |title=Top Actresses |url=http://boxofficeindia.com/cpages.php?pageName=top_actress |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104144753/http://boxofficeindia.com/cpages.php?pageName=top_actress |archive-date=4 January 2012 |access-date=24 April 2020 |work=Box Office India}}</ref> In 2022, at [[53rd International Film Festival of India]], a retrospective was organised in her honour, where three of her films were screened.<ref>{{cite news |last=Fatima |first=Sayeda Eba |date=16 November 2022 |title=Asha Parekh retrospective and a revamped Film Bazaar at the 53rd IFFI this year |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=29 November 2022 |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/asha-parekh-retrospective-and-a-revamped-film-bazaar-at-iffi-this-year-101668581779451-amp.html}}</ref> In her honour, Parekh's hand-print was unveiled at [[Walk of the Stars]] at [[Bandstand Promenade|Bandra Bandstand]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Thirani|first=Neha|title=Mumbai Gets Its Own Walk of Fame|url=http://india.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/03/26/mumbai-gets-its-own-walk-of-fame/|access-date=15 April 2012|newspaper=The New York Times|date=26 March 2012|archive-date=2 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402184620/http://india.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/03/26/mumbai-gets-its-own-walk-of-fame/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Farhana Farook of ''[[Filmfare]]'' said that "she's undeniably distinct from her peers" and noted, "Asha Parekh has gone way beyond the paradigm of stardom and its engulfing halo. She's a woman of many shades and much substance."<ref>{{cite web |title=I was enamoured by Nasir saab - Asha Parekh |url=https://m.filmfare.com/interviews/i-was-enamoured-by-nasir-saab-asha-parekh-21139.amp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104144753/https://m.filmfare.com/interviews/i-was-enamoured-by-nasir-saab-asha-parekh-21139.amp |archive-date=4 January 2012 |access-date=24 September 2021 |work=Filmfare}}</ref> Gautam Chintamani of ''[[Firstpost]]'' termed Parekh as "one of the biggest film stars to grace the silver screen".<ref>{{cite web |title=Asha Parekh: Why conferring Dadasaheb Phalke award to her should be celebrated |url=https://www.firstpost.com/opinion-news-expert-views-news-analysis-firstpost-viewpoint/asha-parekh-why-conferring-dadasaheb-phalke-award-to-her-should-be-celebrated-11349141.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104144753/https://www.firstpost.com/opinion-news-expert-views-news-analysis-firstpost-viewpoint/asha-parekh-why-conferring-dadasaheb-phalke-award-to-her-should-be-celebrated-11349141.html |archive-date=4 January 2012 |access-date=26 July 2023 |work=Firstpost}}</ref> ''[[Outlook India]]'' noted, "Parekh was famed for her electrifying dance moves and the films that resulted from them."<ref>{{cite web |title=Asha Parekh says her mother was the power behind her |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/entertainment-news-asha-parekh-says-her-mother-was-the-power-behind-her-gets-candid-about-relationships/405964/amp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104144753/https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/entertainment-news-asha-parekh-says-her-mother-was-the-power-behind-her-gets-candid-about-relationships/405964/amp |archive-date=4 January 2012 |access-date=10 August 2022 |work=Outlook India}}</ref> ''[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]]'' noted, "Parekh earned the epithet of Bollywood's "jubilee girl" with her string of hits in the Hindi film industry's golden era."<ref>{{cite web |title=Wouldn't have been able to handle stardom today: Asha Parekh |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/interviews/wouldn-t-have-been-able-to-handle-stardom-today-asha-parekh-1491717886.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104144753/https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/interviews/wouldn-t-have-been-able-to-handle-stardom-today-asha-parekh-1491717886.html |archive-date=4 January 2012 |access-date=20 November 2021 |work=The Statesman}}</ref> Arushi Jain of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' noted, "Parekh was associated with adjectives like effervescent, fashionista, cheerful, dancer and glamour girl. She struggled a lot to graduate from a conventional Bollywood heroine to one of the most sought after leading ladies of the 1960s with unconventional roles."<ref>{{cite news |last=Jain |first=Arushi |date=2 October 2023 |title=Asha Parekh: Bollywood's jubilee girl whose name was enough to sell films |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/asha-parekh-bollywoods-jubilee-girl-name-was-enough-to-sell-films-dharmendra-dev-anand-shammi-kapoors-lucky-mascot-8964558/lite/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231002144753/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/asha-parekh-bollywoods-jubilee-girl-name-was-enough-to-sell-films-dharmendra-dev-anand-shammi-kapoors-lucky-mascot-8964558/lite/ |archive-date=2 October 2023 |work=The Indian Express |access-date=2 October 2023}}</ref>

== Filmography ==
{{Main|Asha Parekh filmography}}

== Awards and nominations ==
[[File:Asha Parekh, Dadasaheb Phalke Award winner for 2020.jpg|thumb|Parekh receiving the [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]] for the year 2020]]
Parekh received the [[Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award]] in 2002.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://downloads.movies.indiatimes.com/site/april2002/ivw15.html |title=Filmfare – Print Edition |publisher=Downloads.movies.indiatimes.com |access-date=27 October 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111084754/http://downloads.movies.indiatimes.com/site/april2002/ivw15.html |archive-date=11 January 2009}}</ref> She has continued to receive other Lifetime Achievement Awards: the Kalakar Award in 2004;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kalakarawards.com/adver/105937cinema-awardee.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080220004457/http://www.kalakarawards.com/adver/105937cinema-awardee.htm |archive-date=20 February 2008 |title=Kalakar Awards |date=20 February 2008 |access-date=11 September 2011}}</ref> the [[International Indian Film Academy Awards]] in 2006;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.asiaarts.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=47387 |title=Asia Pacific Arts: 8 June 2006: News From Abroad |publisher=Asiaarts.ucla.edu |access-date=27 October 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070807032359/http://www.asiaarts.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=47387 |archive-date=7 August 2007}}</ref> the Pune International Film Festival Award in 2007;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.puneinternationalfilmfestival.com/news_2006 |title=Article which contains a picture of her receiving the award alongside her former leading man Dharmendra, who also received his own Lifetime Achievement Award |access-date=8 April 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010105906/http://www.puneinternationalfilmfestival.com/news_2006 |archive-date=10 October 2007}}</ref> and the Ninth Annual Bollywood Award in [[Long Island]], New York in 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.yahoo.com/photo/070527/482/60024e3d22c344ffbe8d1831657a4543 |title=Yahoo! News Photos |publisher=Yahoo! News |access-date=27 October 2008}}</ref> She received the Living Legend Award from the [[Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry]] (FICCI).<ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite web |url=http://in.news.yahoo.com/050405/139/2kkn7.html |title=FICCI FRAMES 2005 honours Shammi and Waheeda as Living Legends |access-date=6 August 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050918235409/http://in.news.yahoo.com/050405/139/2kkn7.html |archive-date=18 September 2005}}</ref>

In 2016, [[Nitin Gadkari]], Union Minister for Road Transport and Highways, said that Parekh had approached him at his Mumbai residence, climbing 12 floors of steps, to recommend her name for the [[Padma Bhushan]], the third-highest civilian award. The claim was widely reported, however Parekh said she never lobbied for the award, and refused to say more on the matter. In her memoir ''The Hit Girl'' published a year later, Parekh said that meeting the minister was the "worst mistake" of her life. She said she had been hurt by the minister's claim, and recounted a different version of the event. Parekh had been awarded the [[Padma Shri]] in 1992. A close friend had arranged a meeting with the minister and suggested her to seek an upgrade of the award.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/asha-parekh-refutes-nitin-gadkaris-claims-1382371.html| title=Asha Parekh Refutes Nitin Gadkari's Claims| date=24 April 2017| access-date=31 January 2023| author=Divya Pal| website=news18.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.huffpost.com/archive/in/entry/meeting-nitin-gadkari-was-the-worst-mistake-of-my-life-asha-par_in_5c11efe8e4b0295df1fa20e9| title=When Asha Parekh Wanted To 'Upgrade' Her Padma, But Nitin Gadkari Did Not Keep His Promise| date=24 April 2017| access-date=31 January 2023| author=Anwesha Madhukalya| website=huffpost.com}}</ref>

A chronological listing of awards and nominations is as follows:
# Won – Gujarat State Award for Best Actress for ''Akhand Saubhagyavati'' (1963)<ref>Parekh, Asha and Mohammed, Khalid. ''The Hit Girl''. New Delhi: Om Books International (2017), p.150</ref>
# Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress]] for ''[[Chirag]]'' (1969)
# Won – [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress]] for ''[[Kati Patang]]'' (1971)
# Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress]] for ''[[Udhar Ka Sindur]]'' (1976)
# Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress]] for ''[[Main Tulsi Tere Aangan Ki]]'' (1978)
# [[Padma Shri]] awarded in the Arts (1992)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/8858/asha-parekh-recall-value.html |title=Asha Parekh: Recall value |work=Deccan Herald |location=India |date=20 June 2009 |access-date=27 March 2011 |archive-date=4 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604014900/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/8858/asha-parekh-recall-value.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
# [[Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award]] (2002)
# Indian Motion Picture Producers' Association (IMPPA) felicitated Parekh for her outstanding contribution to the Indian film industry (2003)
# Kalakar Awards – Lifetime Achievement Award (2004)
# [[International Indian Film Academy Awards]] for outstanding achievement in Indian cinema (2006)
# Saptarang Ke Saptashee Award (2006)
# Gujarati Association of North America (GANA)'s First International Gujarati Convention—Lifetime Achievement Award (2006)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.india4u.com/india4unews/newsview.asp?ID=7654 |title=by_emR3 SaVSaK.CoMIndia4u News Online |publisher=India4u.com |date=13 July 2006 |access-date=27 March 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713024858/http://www.india4u.com/india4unews/newsview.asp?ID=7654 |archive-date=13 July 2011}}</ref>
# Pune International Film Festival—Lifetime Achievement Award (2007)
# Bollywood Award—Lifetime Achievement Award (2007)
# Living Legend Award from the [[Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry]] (FICCI).<ref name=autogenerated2 />
# [[Film Federation of India]] honoured Parekh at its Golden Jubilee celebration ceremony (2008)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pyramid-saimira.com/ffireport.html |title=FFI Golden Jubilee Celebration |access-date=27 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080205175407/http://www.pyramid-saimira.com/ffireport.html |archive-date=5 February 2008}}</ref>
# Sahyadri Navratna Award given to Parekh for being a "woman of substance" (2008)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sify.com/movies/fullstory.php?id=14657042 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120714114343/http://sify.com/movies/fullstory.php?id=14657042 |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 July 2012 |title=Asha Parekh receives Sahyadri Navratna Award |website=[[Sify]] |date=27 April 2008 |access-date=27 March 2011}}</ref>
# Solitaire for Life Award from the ABN Amro Solitaire Design Awards show (2008)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newkerala.com/photo-news.php?action=fullnews&id=220 |title=@ NewKerala.Com News, India |publisher=Newkerala.com |access-date=27 October 2008 |archive-date=20 August 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080820111731/http://www.newkerala.com/photo-news.php?action=fullnews&id=220 |url-status=live }}</ref>
# Nashik International Film Festival—Lifetime Achievement Award (2009)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.niffindia.com/newsDesc.aspx?cid=8&sdhsdf89dfsdfsjdfsd7s8dfsdhsdjfsd7 |title=NASHIK INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL - Dadasaheb Phalke Home Town Awards |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091019143735/http://www.niffindia.com/newsDesc.aspx?cid=8&sdhsdf89dfsdfsjdfsd7s8dfsdhsdjfsd7 |archive-date=19 October 2009}}</ref>
# 'Lachchu Mahraj Puraskar' Award for Parekh's contribution to dance and acting (2009)<ref name="deccanherald.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/22959/asha-parekh-honoured-lachchu-mahraj.html |title=Asha Parekh honoured with Lachchu Mahraj award |work=Deccan Herald |location=India |date=2 September 2009 |access-date=27 March 2011 |archive-date=22 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622020744/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/22959/asha-parekh-honoured-lachchu-mahraj.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
# 40th International Film Festival of India felicitated Parekh for completing 50 years in Hindi cinema (2009)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://variety.com/2009/biz/news/wheat-opens-india-film-festival-1118011783/ |work=Variety |title='Wheat' opens India film festival |first=Naman |last=Ramachandran |date=24 November 2009}}</ref>
# 'Legends Live Forever Award' from the Immortal Memories Event (2009)<ref>{{cite news |title=Asha Parekh |url=https://photogallery.indiatimes.com/events/mumbai/bwood-legends-honoured/asha-parekh/articleshow/5376856.cms |work=The Times of India |date=25 December 2009 |access-date=18 May 2025}}</ref>
# Golden Laurel Award—Ninth Gr8 Women Achievers Awards (2010)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zorsebol.com/parties-events/aishwarya-rai-bachchan-at-the-ninth-gr8-women-achievers-awards-2010-photos/ |title=Aishwarya Rai Bachchan at the Ninth GR8 Women Achievers Awards 2010 – Photos |publisher=Zorsebol.com |access-date=27 March 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718160901/http://www.zorsebol.com/parties-events/aishwarya-rai-bachchan-at-the-ninth-gr8-women-achievers-awards-2010-photos/ |archive-date=18 July 2011}}</ref>
# Prakarti Ratan Award (2010)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.timescontent.com/syndication-photos/reprint/entertainment/193916/asha-parekh-dinesh-sharma.html |title=Asha Parekh, Entertainment Photo, Veteran actress Asha Parekh, w |publisher=Timescontent.com |date=30 July 2010 |access-date=27 March 2011 |archive-date=17 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717062623/http://www.timescontent.com/syndication-photos/reprint/entertainment/193916/asha-parekh-dinesh-sharma.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
# Jaipur International Film Festival—Lifetime Achievement Award (2011)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiantelevision.com/aac/y2k11/aac108.php |title=> All About Cinema...> Red Alert bags 2 awards, Asha Parekh gets Lifetime at Jaipur film fest |work=Indian Television Dot Com |publisher=Indiantelevision.com |date=3 February 2011 |access-date=27 March 2011 |archive-date=3 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110503233733/http://www.indiantelevision.com/aac/y2k11/aac108.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
# Bhishma Award by the Ashram Arts Academy (2012)<ref>{{cite web |author=Anupama Subramanian |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/nation/south/no-more-awards-my-name-says-rajinikanth-133 |title=No more awards in my name, says Rajinikanth |work=Deccan Chronicle |date=20 January 2012 |access-date=4 March 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120122011329/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/nation/south/no-more-awards-my-name-says-rajinikanth-133 |archive-date=22 January 2012}}</ref>
# Kalakar Awards – Living Legend Award (2018)
# "Walk of the Stars" honour, where a tile bears her handprint (2013)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/picture-gallery/asha-parekh-honoured-with-a-star/4050-1.html |title=Asha Parekh honoured with a star |work=[[The Indian Express]] |access-date=20 January 2019 |archive-date=5 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305150800/http://archive.indianexpress.com/Picture-Gallery/asha-parekh-honoured-with-a-star/4050-1.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
# Stardust-Lifetime Achievement Award (2015)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/150117/entertainment-bollywood/article/hopefully-not-my-last-award-asha-parekh |title=Hopefully this is not my last award: Asha Parekh |work=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |author=Subhash K. Jha |date=18 January 2015 |access-date=20 January 2019 |archive-date=21 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121021523/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/150117/entertainment-bollywood/article/hopefully-not-my-last-award-asha-parekh |url-status=live }}</ref>
# Most Stylish Lifetime Style Icon Award—Hindustan Times Most Stylish Awards (2017)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/fashion-and-trends/amitabh-bachchan-deepika-padukone-anushka-sharma-ranveer-singh-alia-bhatt-karan-johar-varun-dhawan-ht-most-stylish-awards/story-JKFl3drsjTgfUF3cAK4LbM.html |title=HT Most Stylish awards: Of Bollywood's best blacks, blues, bandhgalas and more |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |author=Ram Iyer |date=25 March 2017 |access-date=20 January 2019 |archive-date=21 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190121121900/https://www.hindustantimes.com/fashion-and-trends/amitabh-bachchan-deepika-padukone-anushka-sharma-ranveer-singh-alia-bhatt-karan-johar-varun-dhawan-ht-most-stylish-awards/story-JKFl3drsjTgfUF3cAK4LbM.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
# Second Best Book Award for her memoir "The Hit Girl" at the 5th annual Pune International Literary Festival (PILF) (2017)<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/pune-news/there-s-a-lot-to-me-than-just-a-glamourous-actress-says-asha-parekh-at-pilf/story-JejUaZ0zRKALmWrwlbKIjP.html |title=There's a lot to me than just a {{sic|glamo|urous |nolink=y}} actress, says Asha Parekh at PILF |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |author=Prachi Bari |date=10 September 2017 |access-date=20 January 2019 |archive-date=21 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180921190933/https://www.hindustantimes.com/pune-news/there-s-a-lot-to-me-than-just-a-glamourous-actress-says-asha-parekh-at-pilf/story-JejUaZ0zRKALmWrwlbKIjP.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
# Bimal Roy Memorial Lifetime Achievement Award (2019)<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/just-before-monday/interview-my-biggest-regret-is-turning-down-satyajit-ray-asha-parekh-2707211 |title=My biggest regret is turning down Satyajit Ray: Asha Parekh |work=[[Daily News and Analysis|DNA]] |author=Yogesh Pawar |date=13 January 2019 |access-date=20 January 2019 |archive-date=20 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190120043157/https://www.dnaindia.com/just-before-monday/interview-my-biggest-regret-is-turning-down-satyajit-ray-asha-parekh-2707211 |url-status=live }}</ref>
# Global Cinema Festival-Lifetime Achievement Award (2020)<ref>{{cite news |title=Yesteryear actor Asha Parekh to be honoured at Global Cinema Festival in Sikkim |url=http://www.uniindia.com/yesteryear-actor-asha-parekh-to-be-honoured-at-global-cinema-festival-in-sikkim/east/news/1857289.html |access-date=20 January 2020 |work=United News India |date=18 January 2020 |archive-date=18 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200118163318/http://www.uniindia.com/yesteryear-actor-asha-parekh-to-be-honoured-at-global-cinema-festival-in-sikkim/east/news/1857289.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
# Master Deenanath Puraskar Award for "dedicated services in the field of cinema" (2022)<ref>{{cite news |title=Asha Parekh, Jackie Shroff felicitated at Master Deenanath Mangeshkar Memorial Awards |url=https://www.firstpost.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/asha-parekh-jackie-shroff-felicitated-at-master-deenanath-mangeshkar-memorial-awards-10595661-3.html |access-date=2 May 2022 |work=Firstpost |date=25 April 2022 |language=en |archive-date=1 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220501192432/https://www.firstpost.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/asha-parekh-jackie-shroff-felicitated-at-master-deenanath-mangeshkar-memorial-awards-10595661-3.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
# [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]] presented for the year 2020 by [[Government of India]] (2022)
# India International Film Festival of Boston - Lifetime Achievement Award (2022)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://iiffb.org/iiffb2022-lifetime-achievement-award/ | title=Legendary Actress – Ms Asha Parekh/ IIFFB2022 – Lifetime achievement award – IIFFB | access-date=9 September 2023 | archive-date=29 September 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929145612/https://iiffb.org/iiffb2022-lifetime-achievement-award/ | url-status=live }}</ref>
# Girnar Gaurav Award - Lifetime Achievement Award (2023)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://pipanews.com/asha-parekh-gets-lifetime-achievement-award-girnar-gaurav-award-2023-by-brihad-mumbai-gujarati-samaj-asha-parekh-get-lifetime-achievement-award-girnar-award-2023-in-brihanmumbai-gujarati-samaj-pipa/ | title=Asha Parekh gets lifetime achievement award Girnar Gaurav Award 2023 by Brihad Mumbai Gujarati Samaj - Asha Parekh get lifetime achievement award Girnar award 2023 in brihanmumbai gujarati samaj Pipa News - PiPa News | date=9 January 2023 | access-date=9 September 2023 | archive-date=6 October 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231006110535/https://pipanews.com/asha-parekh-gets-lifetime-achievement-award-girnar-gaurav-award-2023-by-brihad-mumbai-gujarati-samaj-asha-parekh-get-lifetime-achievement-award-girnar-award-2023-in-brihanmumbai-gujarati-samaj-pipa/ | url-status=live }}</ref>
# Amrit Ratna Samman Award (2023)<ref>{{cite news |title=News18 India launches OOH campaign for Amrit Ratna '23, IBW News: English News, Breaking News in English, ताज़ा हिंदी समाचार |url=https://www.indianbroadcastingworld.com/news18-india-launches-ooh-campaign/ |access-date=7 November 2023 |work=Indian Broadcasting World |archive-date=7 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107032845/https://www.indianbroadcastingworld.com/news18-india-launches-ooh-campaign/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
# [[Raj Kapoor Award]] given by [[Maharashtra]] state government ([[58th Maharashtra State Film Awards|2024]])<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Asha Parekh honoured with Raj Kapoor lifetime achievement award |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/asha-parekh-honoured-with-raj-kapoor-lifetime-achievement-award-2586353-2024-08-22 |magazine=India Today |date=22 August 2024 |access-date=9 September 2024 |archive-date=9 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240909114719/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/asha-parekh-honoured-with-raj-kapoor-lifetime-achievement-award-2586353-2024-08-22 |url-status=live }}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite book |title=Asha Parekh: The Hit Girl |author1=Asha Parekh |author2=[[Khalid Mohamed]] |year=2017 |publisher=Om Books International |isbn=9789386316981}}
*{{cite web |title=Asha Parekh: Bollywood's Glamorous Good Girl! |url=https://m.rediff.com/entertai/2002/jun/10dinesh.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120104144753/https://m.rediff.com/entertai/2002/jun/10dinesh.htm |archive-date=4 January 2012 |access-date=22 September 2019 |work=Rediff.com}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Asha Parekh}}
* {{Instagram|ashaparekhofficial}}
* {{IMDb name|id=0661239|name=Asha Parekh}}

{{Dadasaheb Phalke Award}}
{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Art}}
{{FilmfareLifetimeAchievementAward}}
{{FilmfareBestActressAward}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Parekh, Asha}}
[[Category:1942 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Dadasaheb Phalke Award recipients]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts]]
[[Category:Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award winners]]
[[Category:Actresses in Hindi cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Indian film actresses]]
[[Category:Indian women film producers]]
[[Category:Indian women film directors]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Film producers from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Film directors from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Gujarati actresses]]
[[Category:Bohra]]
[[Category:Businesswomen from Maharashtra]]

Shankar Subbanarasayya Mantha

2026-03-15T04:32:10Z

HGNJanell4801: put up a pg

{{Short description|Indian academic and administrator from Mumbai}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix = Dr.
| name = S. S. Mantha
| honorific_suffix = D.Sc. (Honoris Causa)
| image = Ss Mantha.jpg
| caption =
| birth_name = Shankar Subbanarasayya Mantha
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Mumbai, Maharashtra]], India
| alma_mater = {{unbulleted list|[[Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda]] ([[Bachelor of Engineering|B.E.]])
|[[Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute]], [[University of Mumbai]] ([[Master of Engineering|M.E.]])|[[University of Mumbai]] ([[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]])}}
| occupation = Academic, engineer, education administrator
| known_for =
| notable_works =
| title = Chancellor and President, [[Ramdeobaba University, Nagpur|RB University, Nagpur]], and [[Adjunct Professor]], [[National Institute of Advanced Studies]], [[Bengaluru]]
| awards = National Telecom Award (2011) SKOCH Award (2014) Lal Bahadur Shastri Exemplar Award (2021)
| honours = [[Honorary degree|Honorary Doctorate Degree]], [[Doctor of Science|Doctor of Science (Honoris Causa)]]
}}

'''Shankar Subbanarasayya Mantha''' (born in [[Mumbai, Maharashtra]]) is an Indian academic, engineer, and higher education administrator. He is the founding Chancellor and President of [[Ramdeobaba University]] (RBU), a private university in [[Nagpur]] established in 2024.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=2024-04-24 |title=From 2024-25 academic session, RCOEM will transform into Ramdeobaba University |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nagpur/from-2024-25-academic-session-rcoem-will-transform-into-ramdeobaba-university/articleshow/109544742.cms |access-date=2024-07-03 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-06-12 |title=Cabinet nod for city's first private varsity |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nagpur/cabinet-nod-for-citys-first-private-varsity/articleshow/69746537.cms |access-date=2024-07-03 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> Mantha previously served as Chairman of the [[All India Council for Technical Education]] (AICTE) (2009–2015) and held senior leadership roles at AICTE.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=24 December 2012 |title=When the expert talks |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/education/when-the-expert-talks |archive-url= |archive-date= |website=[[The Free Press Journal]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=New Facets Of Entrepreneurship |url=http://businessworld.in/article/New-Facets-Of-Entrepreneurship/08-11-2014-76215 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220726153924/https://www.businessworld.in/article/New-Facets-Of-Entrepreneurship/08-11-2014-76215/ |archive-date=2022-07-26 |access-date= |website=[[Businessworld]] |language=en}}</ref> He is an adjunct professor at the [[National Institute of Advanced Studies]], [[Bengaluru|Bangalore]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Former Chairman - All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), New Delhi & Chairman - National Technical Committee, NCSSS |url=https://ncdrc.res.in/mantha-profile.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115061452/https://ncdrc.res.in/mantha-profile.php |archive-date=2020-01-15 |access-date= |website=ncdrc.res.in}}</ref> His other roles include former president of the [[National Board of Accreditation]],<ref>{{Cite news |last=Basant Kumar |first=Mohanty |date=2010-09-07 |title=Autonomy for tech quality watchdog |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/autonomy-for-tech-quality-watchdog/cid/482757 |access-date= |work=[[The Telegraph (Kolkata)]]}}</ref> deputy vice-chancellor of [[SNDT Women's University]] in Mumbai,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=24 January 2012 |title=Prof S S Mantha Appointed as Chairman, AICTE |url=https://digitallearning.eletsonline.com/2012/01/prof-s-s-mantha-appointed-as-chairman-aicte/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |website=digitalLEARNING (magazine) |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Dr S S Mantha relinquishes AICTE Chairman Office |url=https://www.mbauniverse.com/article/id/8268/AICTE-Chairman |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=mbauniverse.com}}</ref> and chancellor of [[KL University]]. He has also led the MahaPreit Start-Up Knowledge Centre (MSKC),<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last= |title=Quality Education: Changing Contours - Prof. S.S. Mantha |url=https://spsti.org/quality-education-changing-contours-prof-s-s-mantha/ |access-date=2022-12-28 |website=Society for Promotion for Science & Technology in India |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Renowned Former AICTE Chairman, Dr. S S Mantha, Joins SpaceBasic Advisory Board |url=https://www.apnnews.com/renowned-former-aicte-chairman-dr-s-s-mantha-joins-spacebasic-advisory-board/ |access-date=2025-03-24 |website=APN News}}</ref> chaired the National Technical Committee on Cyber Safety and Security Standards,<ref name=":22">{{Cite web |title=Former Chairman - All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), New Delhi & Chairman - National Technical Committee, NCSSS |url=https://ncdrc.res.in/mantha-profile.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115061452/https://ncdrc.res.in/mantha-profile.php |archive-date=2020-01-15 |access-date= |website=ncdrc.res.in}}</ref> and worked as an accredited arbitrator with the Indian Institute of Arbitration and Mediation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PEACEGATE |url=https://peacegate.in/adr-proffessionals |access-date=2025-03-24 |website=peacegate.in}}</ref>

Mantha has received honorary [[Doctor of Science]] degrees from [[Visvesvaraya Technological University]] (2012), [[D Y Patil International University|D. Y. Patil International University]] (2014),<ref name=":23">{{Cite web |title=Former Chairman - All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), New Delhi & Chairman - National Technical Committee, NCSSS |url=https://ncdrc.res.in/mantha-profile.php |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115061452/https://ncdrc.res.in/mantha-profile.php |archive-date=2020-01-15 |access-date= |website=ncdrc.res.in}}</ref> and Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (2025) in recognition of his contributions to technical education.<ref name=":9">{{Cite book |title=இஸ்ரோ தலைவர் வி. நாராயணனுக்கு கௌரவ டாக்டர் பட்டம் வழங்கப்பட்டது |publisher=[[Dinamani]]}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Mantha was born in [[Mumbai|Mumbai, Maharashtra]]. He earned a Bachelor of Engineering in Mechanical Engineering from [[Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda]] and a Master's Degree in the same discipline from [[Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute]] (VJTI), then part of the [[University of Mumbai]].<ref name=":02">{{Cite web |date=24 January 2012 |title=Prof S S Mantha Appointed as Chairman, AICTE |url=https://digitallearning.eletsonline.com/2012/01/prof-s-s-mantha-appointed-as-chairman-aicte/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |website=digitalLEARNING (magazine) |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":62">{{Cite web |title=Dr S S Mantha relinquishes AICTE Chairman Office |url=https://www.mbauniverse.com/article/id/8268/AICTE-Chairman |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=mbauniverse.com}}</ref> He later completed a Ph.D. in combustion modeling from the [[University of Mumbai]]. His academic interests include [[Robotics]], [[Artificial intelligence|Artificial Intelligence]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Peri |first=Mahesh |date=2013-07-29 |title=AICTE Chairman Dr SS Mantha on education regulations |url=https://www.careers360.com/articles/aicte-chairman-dr-ss-mantha-on-education-regulations |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-02-10 |website=careers360.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":52">{{Cite news |last=Pathak |first=Kalpana |date=2012-04-13 |title=AICTE needs to be looked at positively: S S Mantha |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/aicte-needs-to-be-looked-at-positively-s-s-mantha-112041300025_1.html |access-date=2020-01-15 |work=Business Standard India}}</ref> [[Control theory|Control Theory]], and [[Computer simulation|Computational Modeling]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Indian Education Awards 2013 |url=https://www.educationcongress.org/2013/mantha.php |work=educationcongress.org}}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite web |title=The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda |url=https://msubaroda.ac.in/Distinguishedalumnidetail?id=136 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250322032454/https://msubaroda.ac.in/Distinguishedalumnidetail?id=136 |archive-date=2025-03-22 |access-date=2025-07-11 |website=msubaroda.ac.in |language=en}}</ref>

== Academic and professional career ==

=== Early academic work ===
Mantha began his career at [[Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute|VJTI]], where he served for over two decades. As professor and later Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, he established laboratories in [[robotics]] and [[computer-aided design]] and [[Computer-aided manufacturing|manufacturing]] (CAD/CAM). His academic work included research in automation and supervision of Graduate, Post Graduate, and Doctoral students. In 2002, he received the Best Teacher Award from the Government of Maharashtra.<ref name=":10" />

He subsequently served as Pro-Vice Chancellor of [[SNDT Women's University|SNDT Women’s University]], overseeing academic initiatives. Following his [[All India Council for Technical Education|AICTE]] tenure, he returned to VJTI as Professor Emeritus.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":63">{{Cite web |title=Dr S S Mantha relinquishes AICTE Chairman Office |url=https://www.mbauniverse.com/article/id/8268/AICTE-Chairman |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=mbauniverse.com}}</ref>

=== Chairman of AICTE (2009–2015) ===
In 2009, Mantha was appointed Vice Chairman of [[All India Council for Technical Education|AICTE]], the national regulatory body for technical education in India. Following the suspension of the previous chairman, he assumed the role of Acting Chairman<ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-30 |title=AICTE chief suspended |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi/aicte-chief-suspended/story-uoMHxtzC94soBvbr2HrytI.html |access-date=2021-02-10 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2009-07-30 |title=Govt suspends RA Yadav from AICTE chairman post |url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/w1AOmGsMvTEXl6KSdsorGJ/Govt-suspends-RA-Yadav-from-AICTE-chairman-post.html |website=Live Mint |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":03">{{Cite web |date=24 January 2012 |title=Prof S S Mantha Appointed as Chairman, AICTE |url=https://digitallearning.eletsonline.com/2012/01/prof-s-s-mantha-appointed-as-chairman-aicte/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |website=digitalLEARNING (magazine) |language=en}}</ref> and was formally appointed Chairman in January 2012. He served in this capacity until January 2015.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Nanda |first=Prashant K. |date=2015-01-12 |title=AICTE should move from being regulator to facilitator: SS Mantha |url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/JjYITMBPHVCDTiHPLMDf6O/AICTE-should-move-from-being-regulator-to-facilitator-SS-Ma.html |access-date=2020-01-15 |website=Livemint |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news |last=Pathak |first=Kalpana |date=2012-04-13 |title=AICTE needs to be looked at positively: S S Mantha |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/aicte-needs-to-be-looked-at-positively-s-s-mantha-112041300025_1.html |access-date=2020-01-15 |work=Business Standard India}}</ref>

His tenure saw the implementation of [[e-governance]] systems for transparency and accountability in institutional approvals. AICTE launched the National Vocational Education Qualification Framework (NVEQF) under his leadership,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-02-08 |title=Vocational education: Kapil Sibal launches NVEQF |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/vocational-education-kapil-sibal-launches-nveqf-92307-2012-02-07 |access-date=2025-07-11 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Twinning Programs Approval - AICTE |url=https://www.aicte-india.org/downloads/final_approval_process_241210.pdf |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Reference: Blended Learning in Indian Colleges with Massively Empowered Classroom |url=http://billthies.net/mec-las2015.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180723011427/https://billthies.net/mec-las2015.pdf |archive-date=2018-07-23 |access-date= |website=}}</ref> later integrated into the National Skills Qualification Framework (NSQF).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-11-18 |title=Use vocational edn in a big way |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Andhra-Pradesh/2013-11-18/Use-vocational-edn-in-a-big-way/77230 |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2021-02-10 |website=[[The Hans India]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":13">{{Cite web |date=2012-06-27 |title=50 Leaders Changing Indian Education Contd. |url=https://www.educationworld.in/50-leaders-changing-indian-education-contd/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115062955/https://www.educationworld.in/50-leaders-changing-indian-education-contd/ |archive-date=2020-01-15 |access-date=2020-01-15 |website=EducationWorld |language=en-US}}</ref> He also presided over the introduction of the [[Common Management Admission Test]] (CMAT).<ref name=":11">{{Cite news |date=2013-10-30 |title=Delhi high court scraps AICTE’s MBA entrance test |url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/rYo1mArW4gMchhvz9JyarN/Delhi-high-court-cancels-AICTEs-MBA-entrance-test-CMAT.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324034341/https://www.livemint.com/Politics/rYo1mArW4gMchhvz9JyarN/Delhi-high-court-cancels-AICTEs-MBA-entrance-test-CMAT.html |archive-date=2024-03-24 |access-date=2025-07-11 |work=mint |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Common Management Admissions Test goes to SAARC nations |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi/common-management-admissions-test-goes-to-saarc-nations/story-8jObz6Ol7T87ZK0pwJTV5L.html}}</ref>

Mantha oversaw India becoming a permanent signatory to the [[Washington Accord]] in 2014, facilitating global recognition of Indian engineering degrees.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-05-20 |title=India hopeful of joining Washington Accord by 2011 |url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/l3vKdLJPQvqQ2AwNiUMCQK/India-hopeful-of-joining-Washington-Accord-by-2011.html |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date=2020-01-15 |website=Livemint |language=en}}</ref> His term coincided with legal challenges to AICTE's regulatory authority, which were resolved through court rulings clarifying its jurisdiction.<ref name=":32">{{Cite web |date=24 December 2012 |title=When the expert talks |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/education/when-the-expert-talks |archive-url= |archive-date= |website=[[The Free Press Journal]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite web |date=2012-06-27 |title=50 Leaders Changing Indian Education Contd. |url=https://www.educationworld.in/50-leaders-changing-indian-education-contd/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115062955/https://www.educationworld.in/50-leaders-changing-indian-education-contd/ |archive-date=2020-01-15 |access-date=2020-01-15 |website=EducationWorld |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":11" />

== Later career ==
After [[All India Council for Technical Education|AICTE]], Mantha served as Chancellor of [[KL University]], focusing on quality and curriculum modernization. He was CEO of the MahaPreit Start-Up Knowledge Centre (MSKC), an initiative promoting public-sector entrepreneurship.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" />

He chaired the National Technical Committee on Cyber Safety and Security Standards, developing guidelines for security in institutions.<ref name=":10" /> In 2023, he joined the advisory board of ed-tech company SpaceBasic.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr. S S Mantha Joins SpaceBasic Advisory Board |url=https://smestreet.in/infocus/dr-s-s-mantha-joins-spacebasic-advisory-board/ |access-date=2025-07-11 |website=smestreet.in |language=en}}</ref> In 2024, Mantha was appointed founding Chancellor and President of [[Ramdeobaba University]], Nagpur. He is overseeing its transition under the [[National Education Policy 2020]], including multidisciplinary curriculum reforms.<ref name=":1" />

== Publications and research ==
Mantha has authored over 280 academic papers in peer-reviewed journals and supervised multiple [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] students.<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of empanelled experts with NeGD |url=https://negd.gov.in/sites/default/files/tender/List%20of%20empanelled%20experts%20with%20NeGD_0.pdf |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=}}</ref> He has written more than 300 opinion articles in national publications addressing [[education reform]], institutional autonomy, [[E-governance|digital governance]], and [[Labour law|labor policy]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-11-17 |title=Skill India is ailing |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/skill-india-is-ailing-world-youth-skill-day-2022-narendra-modi-5450627/ |access-date=2021-02-10 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mantha |first=S. S. |date=2019-02-06 |title=Procrastination of new education policy kills reform's intent |url=https://www.livemint.com/education/news/procrastination-of-new-education-policy-kills-reform-s-intent-1549393084267.html |access-date=2020-01-15 |website=Livemint |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr SS Mantha (डॉ एसएस मंठा): Latest News (ताज़ा ख़बर), Breaking News (ब्रेकिंग न्यूज़) in Hindi and Bloat News Hindi (लोकमत न्यूज हिन्दी) |url=https://www.lokmatnews.in/author/dr-ss-mantha/ |access-date=2020-01-15 |website=lokmatnews.in |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=BW Businessworld {{!}} Dr. S.S. Mantha |url=http://www.businessworld.in/author/Guest-Author/Dr.-S.S.-Mantha-84154 |access-date=2021-02-10 |website=BW Businessworld |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title='No Substitute For Hands-On Skills' |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/no-substitute-for-hands-on-skills/286242 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115061429/https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/no-substitute-for-hands-on-skills/286242 |archive-date=2020-01-15 |access-date=2020-01-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=www.ETGovernment.com |title=S S Mantha: Brake on bullet train project worrisome, regressive - OPINION by S S Mantha {{!}} ET Government |url=https://government.economictimes.indiatimes.com/blog/s-s-mantha-brake-on-bullet-train-project-worrisome-regressive/3910 |access-date=2020-04-28 |website=ETGovernment.com |language=en}}</ref>

=== Selected books ===

* ''Object Oriented Programming in C++'' (22 August 2009), {{ASIN|B01M0E4HMN}}
* ''Aerodynamics of Cars: An Experimental Investigation - A Synergy of Wind Tunnel & CFD'' (30 December 2011), {{ASIN|3847324446}}
* ''Design and Development of Decelerometer'' (9 August 2012), {{ASIN|365921177X}}

=== Selected technical articles ===

* ''Design, modeling and simulation of a reconfigurable wheelchair with stand-sit-sleep facilities'', 5th International Conference on Mechanics and Mechatronics Research (ICMMR 2018), {{doi|10.1088/1757-899X/417/1/012042}}
* ''Stability Analysis of Various Lengths Conical Hydrodynamic Bearing for Variable Load Conditions'', International Conference on Advances in Thermal Systems, Materials and Design Engineering (ATSMDE2017), {{SSRN|3331447}}
* ''Orifice Compensated Performance Characteristics of Hybrid Hole-entry Conical Journal Bearing'', Journal of Engineering Tribology, SAGE Journals<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Khakse |first1=Prashant G. |last2=Phalle |first2=Vikas M. |last3=Mantha |first3=S. S. |date=2016-06-15 |title=Orifice compensated performance characteristics of hybrid hole-entry conical journal bearing |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1350650116654803 |journal=Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology |language=en |volume=231 |issue=3 |pages=316–331 |doi=10.1177/1350650116654803 |s2cid=114989231 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>
* ''Optimized Design of Feeding System for Complex Steel (CF8) Investment Casting to Improve Quality and Productivity'', International Conference on Advances in Thermal Systems, Materials and Design Engineering (ATSMDE2017), {{SSRN|3101683}}
* ''Effect of Aspect Ratio and Semi Cone Angle on the Stability Behaviour of a Conical Hydrodynamic Journal Bearing'', International Conference on Advances in Thermal Systems, Materials and Design Engineering, {{SSRN|3101365}}
* ''Effect of aspect ratio and semi cone angle on the stability behavior of a conical hydrodynamic Journal bearing'', International Conference on Advances in Thermal Systems, Materials & Design Engineering (ATSMDE2017), {{SSRN|3101365}}
* ''Promoting quality of life of disabled people through comprehensive needs assessment study and QFD deployment targeted at evidence based wheelchair design'', Springer Journals, Iranian Rehabilitation Journal<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Desai |first1=Sumit |last2=Mantha |first2=S. |last3=Phalle |first3=Vikas |date=2017-11-01 |title=Comprehensive Needs Assessment Study and Deployment of QFD Targeted at New Wheelchair Design |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321195855 |journal=Iranian Rehabilitation Journal |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=377–388 |doi=10.29252/nrip.irj.15.4.377 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
* ''Modelling human resource dimension of international project risk management'', Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing<ref>{{Cite journal |date= |title=Modelling human resource dimension of international project risk management |url= |journal=Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing |language=en |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi=10.1108/JGOSS-11-2019-0065 |issn=}}</ref>
* ''Wear Influence on Performance of Conical Hydrodynamic Journal Bearing'', Tribology in Industry<ref>{{Cite journal |date= |title=Wear Influence on Performance of Conical Hydrodynamic Journal Bearing |url= |journal=Tribology in Industry |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi=10.24874/ti.1243.01.22.04 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
* ''Performance of conical hydrodynamic journal bearing under the worn-out condition'', Industrial Lubrication and Tribology <ref>{{Cite journal |date= |title=Performance of conical hydrodynamic journal bearing under the worn-out condition |url= |journal=Industrial Lubrication and Tribology |language=en |volume= |issue= |pages= |doi=10.1108/ILT-05-2022-0177 |issn=}}</ref>

== Awards and honors ==

* Best Teacher Award, [[Government of Maharashtra]] (2002)<ref name=":04">{{Cite web |date=24 January 2012 |title=Prof S S Mantha Appointed as Chairman, AICTE |url=https://digitallearning.eletsonline.com/2012/01/prof-s-s-mantha-appointed-as-chairman-aicte/ |archive-url= |archive-date= |website=digitalLEARNING (magazine) |language=en}}</ref>
* National Telecom Award for E-Governance in Education (2011)<ref name=":33">{{Cite web |date=24 December 2012 |title=When the expert talks |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/education/when-the-expert-talks |archive-url= |archive-date= |website=[[The Free Press Journal]] |language=en}}</ref>
* Lifetime Achievement Award, SOE Global Education Awards (2013–2014)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Winners of 2014 |url=http://soeawards.com/index.php/winners-of-2014/ |access-date=2020-05-17 |language=en-US}}</ref>
* SKOCH Award for e-Governance (2014)<ref>{{Cite web |title=AICTE Quarterly Bulletin |url=https://www.aicte-india.org/downloads/aicte_newsletter_July_Sept_2014_English.pdf |archive-url= |archive-date= |access-date= |website=AICTE}}</ref>
* Senior Member, [[IEEE Robotics and Automation Society]] (2020)<ref>{{Cite journal |year=2021 |title=IEEE RAS Congratulates Recently Elevated Senior Members [Society News] |journal=IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine |volume=28 |issue=4 |pages=126 |doi=10.1109/MRA.2021.3117459 |issn=1558-223X |doi-access=free}}</ref>
* [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]] Exemplar Award, ReThink India Foundation (2021)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-04 |title=Prof. Shankar S. Mantha to be decorated as People's Choice Lal Bahadur Shastri Exemplar of Integrity |url=https://rethinkindia.substack.com/p/prof-shankar-s-mantha-to-be-decorated |access-date=2022-03-06 |website=ReTHINK INDIA}}</ref>

=== Honorary doctorates ===

* [[Visvesvaraya Technological University]] (2012)<ref name=":23" />
* [[D Y Patil International University|D. Y. Patil International University]] (2014)<ref name=":23" />
* [[Saveetha Institute of Medical And Technical Sciences]] (2025)<ref name=":9" />

== See also ==

* [[All India Council for Technical Education]]
* [[National Education Policy 2020]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*[http://klef.edu.in/chancellor.aspx Dr. S S Mantha]
* [https://ssmantha.co.in/about-us/ Official website]
* [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCr105U6jUIsSoO3W-2qlT6Q/videos Dr S S Mantha Speaks]
* [https://in.linkedin.com/in/ssmantha33 Linkedin]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mantha, Shankar Subbanarasayya}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1954 births]]
[[Category:Scholars from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute]]
[[Category:Heads of universities and colleges in India]]

Oruvan (2006 film)

2026-03-13T20:36:07Z

HGNJanell4801: started new post

{{short description|2006 film}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Oruvan
| image =
| caption =
| director = Vinu Anand
| producer = Ajith Varma PK Sasheendra Varma
| writer = Reji Nair
| screenplay = Reji Nair
| starring = [[Indrajith Sukumaran]] [[Prithviraj Sukumaran]] [[Meera Vasudev]]
| music = [[Ouseppachan]]
| cinematography = [[Jibu Jacob]]
| editing = [[Ranjan Abraham]]
| studio =
| distributor = Varma Film Corporation
| released = {{Film date|2006|12|08|df=yes}}
| country = India
| language = Malayalam
}}
'''''Oruvan''''' is a 2006 Indian Malayalam-language film directed by Vinu Anand. The film stars [[Indrajith Sukumaran]] in the lead role alongside [[Prithviraj Sukumaran]], [[Meera Vasudev]], [[Lal (actor)|Lal]] and [[Salim Kumar]] plays supporting roles.

==Cast==
{{colbegin}}
*[[Indrajith Sukumaran]] as Shivan
**[[Balu Varghese]] as Young Shivan
*[[Prithviraj Sukumaran]] as [[Sub-inspector|SI]] Jeevan
*[[Lal (actor)|Lal]] as Bharathan Aashan
*Souparnika Subhash as Geethu
*[[Meera Vasudev]] as Jaya
*[[Salim Kumar]] as Balan
*[[Mala Aravindan]] as Velayudhan
*[[Shamna Kasim]] as Devutty
*[[Shaalin Zoya]] as Remya mol
*[[Anoop Chandran]] as Ravi
*[[V. K. Sreeraman]] as Marakkar
*[[T. G. Ravi]] as Vilaganoor Aashan
*Gayathri as Jaanu
*Sreehari as Chandran
*Unnimaya as Meenukutty
*[[Anand (actor)|Anand]] as [[Circle Inspector|CI]] Madhavan
*[[Subair]] as [[Dr.|Psychiatrist]] Stephen Koshy
*[[Sreejith Ravi]]- Cameo Appearance
*Tosh Christy - Cameo Appearance
*Sajeed Puthalath - Cameo Appearance
*[[Geetha Salam]]
*[[Ambika Mohan]]
{{colend}}

==Production ==
The film was shot in [[Palakkad|Palghat]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.webindia123.com/movie/regional/preview/oct2006/oruvan/index.htm|title=Oruvan Preview-Oruvan Malayalam movie preview|website=Webindia123.com|access-date=26 April 2022}}</ref>
== Soundtrack ==

==Reception==
A critic from ''Nowrunning'' wrote that "director Vinu Anand and his team must be appreciated for having ventured to make a rather different kind of a movie with a very striking end, and that too in a fairly good manner for a maiden venture".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nowrunning.com/movie/3440/malayalam/oruvan/984/review.htm|title=Oruvan Review | Oruvan Malayalam Movie Review by Unni Nair|date=18 December 2006|website=Nowrunning.com|access-date=26 April 2022}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title|1102293}}

[[Category:2006 Indian films]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]
[[Category:Indian thriller films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Palakkad]]
[[Category:2006 Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Ouseppachan]]

{{2000s-Malayalam-film-stub}}

Jenma Natchathiram

2026-03-13T07:41:28Z

HGNJanell4801: Content improved for clarity and flow

{{Short description|2025 Tamil supernatural horror film}}
{{Duplicated citations|reason=DuplicateReferences script detected:
* https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/review/2025/Jul/18/jenma-natchathiram-movie-review-screenplay-horrors-are-scarier (refs: 1, 14)
|date=March 2026}}
{{For|the 1991 film|Jenma Natchathram}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2025}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Jenma Natchathiram.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = B. Manivarman
| writer = B. Manivarman
| producer = K. Subhashini 
K G Ratheesh
| starring = {{Plainlist|
*[[Taman Akshaan]]
*[[Malvi Malhotra]]
}}
| cinematography = [[K G Ratheesh]]
| editing = S. Guru Suriya
| music = Sanjay Manickam
| studio = {{ubl
|Amoham Studios
|Whitelamp Pictures
}}
| distributor = Romeo Pictures
| released = {{Film date|2025|7|18|df=yes}}
| runtime = 118 minutes
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}
'''''Jenma Natchathiram''''' ({{translation|Birth star}}) is a 2025 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil-language]] [[Supernatural film|supernatural]] [[horror thriller film]] written and directed by B. Manivarman, starring [[Taman Akshaan]], [[Malvi Malhotra]], Maithreya, Raksha Cherin, in the lead roles, alongside Sivam, Arun Karthi, [[Kaali Venkat]], [[Munishkanth]], [[Vela Ramamoorthy]], [[Thalaivasal Vijay]], [[Santhana Bharathi]] and Yasar in pivotal roles. The film is produced by K. Subhashini under Amoham Studios and Whitelamp Pictures banners. The film was released to negative reviews.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Jenma Natchathiram Movie Review: Screenplay horrors are scarier than the film itself |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/review/2025/Jul/18/jenma-natchathiram-movie-review-screenplay-horrors-are-scarier |access-date=2025-07-18 |work=Cinema Express}}</ref>

==Plot==
The plot revolves around four friends. They are a married aspiring director, his friend with his girlfriend, and the director's wife, who is constantly having satanic dreams. One day they find a dying man who stole money from a politician for his daughter's surgery.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Taman Akshaan]] as Ajay
* [[Malvi Malhotra]] as Riya
* Maithreya as Vino
* Raksha Cherin as Suji
* Sivam as Jana
* Arun Karthi as Prakash
* Karthi SriKumar as Selvam
* [[Kaali Venkat]] as Rajesh
* [[Munishkanth]] as Murugesan
* [[Vela Ramamoorthy]] as MLA Velayudham
* [[Thalaivasal Vijay]] as Dr. Seeman
* [[Santhana Bharathi]] as Film producer
* Yasar as Shakti
* ''Nakkalites'' Niveditaa as Ghost
}}

== Production ==
After ''[[Oru Nodi]]'' (2024), director B. Manivarman was announced to reunite with [[Taman Akshaan]] in a [[Supernatural film|supernatural]] [[Thriller film|horror thriller film]], through a first-look poster in mid-May 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-10 |title='ஒரு நொடி' டீமின் 'ஜென்ம நட்சத்திரம்' ஃபர்ஸ்ட் லுக் வெளியீடு! |url=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/cinema/tamil-cinema/1361141-oru-nodi-team-has-released-the-first-look-of-their-next-film-jenma-natchathiram.html |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Hindu Tamil Thisai |language=ta}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=செய்திப்பிரிவு |first=நக்கீரன் |date=2025-07-09 |title=“ஹாரர் படங்களுக்கு காட்சிகள் மட்டுமே முக்கியமல்ல” - அறிவழகன் |url=https://www.nakkheeran.in/cinema/cinema-news/arivazhagan-speech-in-jenma-natchathiram-movie-event-9477745 |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Nakkheeran |language=ta}}</ref> [[Malvi Malhotra]] made her Tamil debut through this film.<ref>{{Cite web |last=IANS |date=2025-06-06 |title=Malvi Malhotra And Taman Akshan Dive Into Darkness In 'Jenma Natchathiram' Teaser |url=https://news.abplive.com/entertainment/south-cinema/malvi-malhotra-and-taman-akshan-dive-into-darkness-in-jenma-natchathiram-teaser-1777650 |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=news.abplive.com |language=en}}</ref> The film is produced by K. Subhashini under Amoham Studios and Whitelamp Pictures banners,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Akshay |date=2025-06-05 |title=Jenma Natchathiram Teaser: Taman takes the lead in this danger-filled treasure hunt |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Jun/05/jenma-natchathiram-teaser-taman-takes-the-lead-in-this-danger-filled-treasure-hunt |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref> while the technical team consists of cinematographer KG, editor S. Guru Suriya, music composer Sanjay Manickam, art director SJ Ram and stunt choreographer Miracle Michael.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Akshay |date=2025-07-06 |title=Taman's Jenma Natchathiram gets a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/news/2025/Jul/06/tamans-jenma-natchathiram-gets-a-release-date |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref> The film's lead actor Thaman Kumar was rechristened as [[Taman Akshaan]] for the film.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jenma Natchathiram - Official Trailer |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/regional/tamil/jenma-natchathiram-official-trailer/videoshow/122404544.cms |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=பிரிவு |first=இணையதளச் செய்திப் |date=2025-07-12 |title=ஜென்ம நட்சத்திரம் டிரெய்லர்! |url=https://www.dinamani.com/videos/video-cinema/2025/Jul/12/jenma-natchathiram-official-trailer |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Dinamani |language=ta}}</ref>

== Music ==
The film had music composed by Sanjay Manickam.<ref>{{Cite web |last=மணிகண்டன் |date=2025-05-12 |title=பயம் காட்ட வரும் 'ஜென்ம நட்சத்திரம்' ஃபர்ஸ்ட் லுக் வெளியானது! |url=https://tamil.abplive.com/entertainment/jenma-natchathiram-first-look-reveled-223600 |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=tamil.abplive.com |language=ta}}</ref>

== Release ==
''Jenma Natchathiram'' released in theatres on 18 July 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-06 |title=Taman's Jenma Natchathiram to release on July 18 |url=https://www.dtnext.in/entertainment/cinema/tamans-jenma-natchathiram-to-release-on-july-18-839304 |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=www.dtnext.in |language=en}}</ref> The Tamil Nadu and worldwide theatrical rights were acquired by Romeo Pictures.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-06 |title=ஜூலை 18-ல் 'ஜென்ம நட்சத்திரம்' ரிலீஸ்! |url=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/cinema/tamil-cinema/1368398-jenma-natchathiram-will-be-releasing-on-july-18.html |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Hindu Tamil Thisai |language=ta}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-10 |title='ஜென்ம நட்சத்திரம் படத்தில் வித்தியாசமான கிளைமாக்ஸ்' |url=https://www.hindutamil.in/news/cinema/tamil-cinema/1368824-jenma-natchathiram-film-with-different-climax.html |access-date=2025-07-15 |website=Hindu Tamil Thisai |language=ta |archive-date=11 July 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250711015637/https://www.hindutamil.in/news/cinema/tamil-cinema/1368824-jenma-natchathiram-film-with-different-climax.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Reception ==
Harshini SV of ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave 2/5 stars and wrote "With Jenma Natchathiram, the film doesn’t just fumble the balance—it seems confused about what genres it even wants to play with."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jenma Natchathiram Movie Review: This Horror Drama Keeps Waiting For The Ghost |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/jenma-natchathiram/movie-review/122778330.cms |access-date=2025-07-19 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref> Akshay Kumar of ''[[Cinema Express]]'' gave 1/5 stars and wrote "What makes the film irredeemable is that it fails to even provide the basic joys of this genre in pursuit of something lofty, and there's no luck on that front either."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Akshay |date=2025-07-18 |title=Jenma Natchathiram Movie Review: Screenplay horrors are scarier than the film itself |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/tamil/review/2025/Jul/18/jenma-natchathiram-movie-review-screenplay-horrors-are-scarier |access-date=2025-07-19 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

* {{IMDb title|id=tt32469000}}

[[Category:2025 films]]
[[Category:2025 Indian films]]
[[Category:2025 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:Indian horror thriller films]]
[[Category:Indian supernatural horror films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language horror thriller films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Bazzania bhutanica

2026-03-11T06:37:07Z

HGNJanell4801: Started the entry w/ sources - done

{{Short description|Species of liverwort}}
{{Speciesbox
| image =
| status = CR
| status_system = IUCN2.3
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn |author=Bryophyte Specialist Group |date=2000 |title=''Bazzania bhutanica'' |volume=2000 |article-number=e.T39203A10173489 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2000.RLTS.T39203A10173489.en |access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
| genus = Bazzania
| species = bhutanica
| authority = [[Naofumi Kitagawa|N.Kitag.]] & [[Riclef Grolle|Grolle]]
| synonyms =
}}

'''''Bazzania bhutanica''''' is a species of [[Marchantiophyta|liverwort]] in the family [[Lepidoziaceae]]. It is a [[critically endangered species]] known only from the [[eastern Himalayas]] of [[Bhutan]] and northeast [[India]].

==Taxonomy and history==
''Bazzania bhutanica'' was described by [[Naofumi Kitagawa]] and [[Riclef Grolle]] in 1987 based on a [[type specimen]] collected in 1982 by [[David G. Long]] near [[Samtse]], Bhutan.<ref name=NKRG>{{cite journal |last1=Kitagawa |first1=Naofumi |last2=Grolle |first2=Riclef |year=1986 |title=A new ''Acromastigum''-like species of ''Bazzania'' S. Gray from Bhutan |journal=The Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory |volume=61 |pages=269–272 |language=en, la |doi=10.18968/jhbl.61.0_269 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name=FB>{{cite magazine |last1=Long |first1=David G.
|last2=Gurung |first2=Baboo Ram |last3=Pradhan |first3=Rebecca |date=May 2010 |title=The rediscovery and conservation status of ''Bazzania bhutanica'' in Bhutan |journal=Field Bryology |volume=101 |pages=28–33 |url=https://www.britishbryologicalsociety.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/FB101_The-rediscovery-and-conservation-status-of-Bazzania-bhutanica-in-Bhutan.pdf |publisher=[[British Bryological Society]]}}</ref> It would be known only from the type locality until 27 years later when, in 2009, plants were located at both the type locality and at a new site near [[Lafeti Khola]], Bhutan.<ref name=FB/> The species was first recorded outside of Bhutan in 2014, when it was discovered in [[West Siang District]], [[Arunachal Pradesh]], India.<ref name=India>{{cite journal |last1=Deo |first1=Siddhartha Singh |last2=Singh |first2=D. K. |year=2014 |title=''Bazzania bhutanica'' (Lepidoziaceae, Marchantiophyta) — a critically endangered liverwort recorded in Indian bryoflora |journal=Lindbergia |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=42–46 |doi=10.25227/linbg.01049 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

==Distribution and habitat==
[[Endemic]] to the [[tropical]] eastern Himalayas,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Long |first1=D.G. |last2=Grolle |first2=R. |author2-link=Riclef Grolle |year=1990 |title=Hepaticaceae of Bhutan II |journal=The Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory |volume=68 |page=432 |issn=0073-0912 |doi=10.18968/jhbl.68.0_381 |doi-access=free}}</ref> ''Bazzania bhutanica'' is known only from two locations in Bhutan and one location in northeast India.<ref name=FB/><ref name=India/>

In Bhutan, both locations can be found west of the town of Samtse in [[Samtse District]]. The two locations are ecologically similar, both being stream valleys located in degraded [[subtropical]] forests at {{cvt|255-256|m}} [[above sea level]]. Plants at both sites were found growing on [[gravel]]ly, vertical [[rock face]]s above streams and shaded by overhanging shrubs.<ref name=FB/>

In India, ''B. bhutanica'' has only been found growing at once location, an eastern Himalayan [[tropical forest]] at {{cvt|680|m}} above sea level in the state of Arunachal Pradesh. Plants were found growing terrestrially on the [[humus]]-rich soil of the [[forest floor]].<ref name=India/>

==Description==
''Bazzania bhutanica'' is a small liverwort, similar in appearance to ''[[Acromastigum]]'', that grows in thin, loosely interwoven mats.<ref name=NKRG/> The shoots measure {{cvt|15–20|mm}} long and {{cvt|1-2|mm}} wide including the leaves. The fragile leaves may overlap slightly or not at all. The leaves are [[Glossary of leaf morphology#oblong|oblong]]-[[Glossary of leaf morphology#ovate|ovate]] to oblong-[[Glossary of leaf morphology#lanceolate|lanceolate]] in shape and deeply bilobed, forming a "V" shape. Fertile plants have not been described.<ref name=NKRG/><ref name=India/>

==Ecology==
''Bazzania bhutanica'' has been observed as a terrestrial plant growing on the ground and as a [[lithophyte]] growing on rock faces.<ref name=FB/><ref name=India/> In Bhutan it has been observed growing in association with the liverworts ''[[Bazzania tridens]]'' and ''[[Pallavicinia lyellii]]'', ferns of the genus ''[[Hymenophyllum]]'', and mosses of the genus ''[[Fissidens]]''.<ref name=FB/> In India it has been observed growing in association with the liverworts ''[[Bazzania sumbavensis]]'', ''[[Calypogeia arguta]]'', ''[[Frullania apiculata]]'', ''[[Radula obscura]]'', and species of ''[[Jungermannia]]'' and ''[[Pallavicinia]]''.<ref name=India/>

==Conservation status==
''Bazzania bhutanica'' is listed as [[critically endangered]] on the [[International Union for the Conservation of Nature]] [[Red List]] under criteria B1 and B2c, based on its limited distribution and the apparent decline of its habitat.<ref name=IUCN/> In Bhutan, both known locations are threatened by [[deforestation]], [[overgrazing]], and industrial and housing development.<ref name=FB/> In India, [[slash-and-burn agriculture]] may also be a threat.<ref name=India/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q1342408}}

[[Category:Lepidoziaceae]]
[[Category:Flora of Arunachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:Flora of Bhutan]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of East Himalaya]]
[[Category:Critically endangered flora of Asia]]
[[Category:Lithophytes]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1986]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]

List of Malayalam films of 1993

2026-03-07T04:46:14Z

HGNJanell4801: improved section also and corrected details after review

{{Short description|None}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}
{{Malayalam films}}

The following is a list of [[Malayalam film]]s released in the year 1993.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! style="width:25%;" | Title !! style="width:17%;" | Director !! style="width:15%;" | Screenplay !! style="width:30%;" | Cast
|-
|''[[Venkalam]]''||[[Bharathan]]||[[A. K. Lohithadas]]||[[Murali (Malayalam actor)|Murali]], [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]], [[Manoj K. Jayan]]
|-
|''[[Sthalathe Pradhana Payyans]]''||[[Shaji Kailas]]||[[Renji Panicker]]||[[Jagadish]], [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]], [[Suresh Gopi]], [[Geetha (actress)|Geetha]].
|-
|''[[Vakkeel Vasudev]]''||[[P. G. Viswambaran]]|| B. Jayachandran ||[[Jayaram]], [[Jagadish]], [[Sunitha (actress)|Sunitha]]
|-
|''[[Ente Sreekuttikku]]''||[[Jose Thomas]]||[[T. A. Razzaq]]
|[[Mukesh (actor)|Mukesh]], [[Thilakan]], [[Maathu]]
|-
|''[[Dhruvam]]''||[[Joshiy]]||[[S. N. Swamy]]||[[Mammootty]], [[Gautami]], [[Jayaram]], [[Suresh Gopi]], [[Vikram (actor)|Vikram]]
|-
|''[[Aayirappara]]''||[[Venu Nagavally]]|| ||[[Mammootty]], [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]], [[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]]
|-
|''[[Ponnu Chami]]''||[[Ali Akbar (director)|Ali Akbar]]|| ||[[Suresh Gopi]], Chithra, [[Vijayaraghavan (actor)|Vijayaraghavan]]
|-
|''[[Akashadoothu]]''||[[Sibi Malayil]]||[[Dennis Joseph]]||[[Murali (Malayalam actor)|Murali]], [[Madhavi (actress)|Madhavi]]
|-
|''[[Ghoshayaathra]]''||[[G. S. Vijayan]]||[[T. A. Razzaq]]
|[[Sai Kumar (Malayalam actor)|Sai Kumar]], [[Parvathy Jayaram|Parvathy]], [[Geetha (actress)|Geetha]]
|-
|''[[Injakkadan Mathai & Sons]]''||[[Anil Babu]]||[[Kaloor Dennis]]
|[[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]], [[Suresh Gopi]], [[Jagadish]], [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]], [[Saranya Ponvannan|Saranya]]
|-
|''[[Cheppadividya]]''||[[G. S. Vijayan]]||[[Sasidharan Arattuvazhi]]
|[[Sudheesh]], [[Monisha]], [[Sreenivasan]]
|-
|''[[Ottayadipathakal]]''||[[C. Radhakrishnan]]|| ||[[Revathy]], [[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]]
|-
|''[[Thiraseelakku Pinnil]]''||[[P. Chandrakumar]]|| ||[[Jayabharathi]]
|-
|''[[Agnishalabhangal]]''||[[P. Chandrakumar]]|| ||[[M. G. Soman]], [[Maathu]]
|-
|''[[Mithunam (1993 film)|Mithunam]]''||[[Priyadarsan]]||[[Sreenivasan]]
|[[Mohanlal]], [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]], [[Sreenivasan]]
|-
|''[[Aalavattam (film)|Aalavattam]]''|| Raju Ambaran || ||[[Nedumudi Venu]], [[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]], [[Shanthi Krishna]], [[Sreenivasan]],
|-
|''[[Vatsalyam]]''||[[Cochin Haneefa]]||[[A. K. Lohithadas]]||[[Mammootty]], [[Geetha (actress)|Geetha]], [[Sunitha (actress)|Sunitha]], [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]]
|-
|''[[Devasuram]]''||[[I. V. Sasi]]||[[Ranjith (director)|Ranjith]]||[[Mohanlal]], [[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]], [[Revathi]], [[Napoleon (actor)|Napoleon]]
|-
|''[[Ammayane Sathyam]]''||[[Balachandra Menon]]||[[Balachandra Menon]]
|[[Mukesh (Malayalam actor)|Mukesh]], [[Annie (actress)|Annie]], [[Balachandra Menon]]
|-
|''[[Paithrukam]]''||[[Jayaraj]]||[[Kaloor Dennis]]
|[[Suresh Gopi]], [[Jayaram]], [[Geetha (actress)|Geetha]], [[Narendra Prasad]]
|-
|''Kulapathy''||[[Nahas]]|| ||[[Vijayakumar (Malayalam actor)|Vijayakumar]], [[Anusha (actress)|Anusha]], [[Ashokan (actor)|Ashokan]], [[KPAC Lalitha]], [[Prem Kumar (Malayalam actor)|Prem Kumar]]
|-
|''[[Pravachakan]]''||[[P. G. Viswambharan]]||[[Sasidharan Arattuvazhi]]
|[[Mukesh (actor)|Mukesh]], [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]]
|-
|''[[Sthreedhanam]]''||[[Anil Babu]]|| ||[[Jagadeesh]], [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]]
|-
|''[[Ghazal (1993 film)|Ghazal]]''||[[Kamal (director)|Kamal]]||[[T. A. Razzaq]]
|[[Vineeth]], [[Mohini (Tamil actress)|Mohini]], [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]]
|-
|''[[Samagamam]]''|| George Kithu ||[[John Paul Puthusery|John Paul]]
|[[Jayaram]], [[Thilakan]], [[Sukumari]], [[Kaviyoor Ponnamma]], [[Rohini (actress)|Rohini]]
|-
|''[[Jackpot (1993 film)|Jackpot]]''||[[Jomon (director)|Jomon]]||[[T. Damodaran|T Damodaran]]
|[[Mammootty]], [[Gouthami Tadimalla|Gouthami]], [[Aishwariyaa Bhaskaran|Aishwarya]], [[Jagadish]]
|-
|''[[Ekalavyan (film)|Ekalavyan]]''||[[Shaji Kailas]]||[[Renji Panicker]]||[[Suresh Gopi]], [[Narendra Prasad]], [[Geetha (actress)|Geetha]], [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]]
|-
|''[[Gandhari (film)|Gandhari]]''||[[Sunil (director)|Sunil]]|| ||[[Madhavi (actress)|Madhavi]], [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]], [[Babu Antony]], [[Charuhasan]]
|-
|''[[Journalist (1993 film)|Journalist]]''||[[Viji Thampi]]||[[Kaloor Dennis]]
|[[Jagadish]], [[Sithara (actress)|Sithara]], [[Saranya]], [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]]
|-
|''[[City Police (film)|City Police]]''||[[Venu Nair]]||[[Kaloor Dennis]]
|[[Suresh Gopi]], [[Geetha (actress)|Geetha]], [[Kakka Ravi]]
|-
|''[[Samooham]]''||[[Sathyan Anthikkad]]||[[J. Pallassery]]
|[[Suhasini Maniratnam|Suhasini]], [[Sreenivasan]], [[Suresh Gopi]], [[Manoj K Jayan]]
|-
|''[[Chamayam (1993 film)|Chamayam]]''||[[Bharathan]]||[[John Paul (writer)|John Paul]]
|[[Murali (Malayalam actor)|Murali]], [[Manoj K Jayan]], [[Meghanathan]], [[Sithara (actress)|Sithara]], [[Ranjitha]]
|-
|''[[Kanyakumariyil Oru Kavitha]]''||[[Vinayan]]|| ||[[Vineeth]], [[Rajan P. Dev]], [[Suchitra|Suchithra]]
|-
|''[[Sarovaram (film)|Sarovaram]]''||[[Jeassy]]||[[Dennis Joseph]]
|[[Mammootty]], [[Thilakan]], [[Narendra Prasad]], [[Jayasudha]]
|-
|''[[Bandhukkal Sathrukkal]]''||[[Sreekumaran Thampi]]||[[Sreekumaran Thampi]]
|[[Mukesh (actor)|Mukesh]], [[Jayaram]], [[Narendra Prasad]], [[Jagathy Sreekumar]], [[Thilakan]], [[Rohini (actress)|Rohini]], [[Rupini]], [[KPAC Lalitha]]
|-
|''[[Butterflies (1993 film)|Butterflies]]''||[[Rajeev Anchal]]||[[A. K. Sajan]]
|[[Mohanlal]], [[Aishwariyaa Bhaskaran|Aishwarya]], [[Jagadish]], [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]]
|-
|''[[Maya Mayooram]]''||[[Sibi Malayil]]||[[Ranjith (director)|Ranjith]]
|[[Mohanlal]], [[Shobana]], [[Revathi]]
|-
|''[[Gandharvam]]''||[[Sangeeth Sivan]]||[[Dennis Joseph]]
|[[Mohanlal]], [[Kanchan (actress)|Kanchan]], [[Jagathy Sreekumar]], [[Shanthi Krishna]]
|-
|''[[Addeham Enna Iddeham]]''||[[Viji Thampi]]||[[J. Pallassery]]
|[[Jagadish]], [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]], [[Sunitha (actress)|Sunitha]], [[Maathu]]
|-
|''[[O' Faby]]''||[[Sreekumar Krishnan Nair|Sreekumar]]|| ||[[Nagesh]], [[Thilakan]], [[Srividya]]
|-
|''[[Customs Diary]]''||[[T. S. Suresh Babu]]|| ||[[Jayaram]], [[Mukesh (actor)|Mukesh]], [[Jagathy Sreekumar]], [[Ranjitha]]
|-
|''[[Oru Kadankatha Pole]]''||[[Joshy Mathew]]||[[John Paul Puthusery|John Paul]]
|[[Jayaram]], [[Geetha (actress)|Geetha]]
|-
|''[[Aagneyam]]''||[[P. G. Viswambharan]]|| ||[[Jayaram]], [[Gautami]], [[Sunitha (actress)|Sunitha]], [[Maathu]]
|-
|''[[Naaraayam (film)|Naaraayam]]''|| Sasi Sankar || ||[[Murali (Malayalam actor)|Murali]], [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]]
|-
|''[[Uppukandam Brothers]]''||[[T. S. Suresh Babu]]||[[Kaloor Dennis]]
|[[Jagadish]], [[Geetha (actress)|Geetha]], [[Babu Antony]], [[Baiju Santhosh|Baiju]]
|-
|''[[Mafia (1993 film)|Mafia]]''||[[Shaji Kailas]]||[[Renji Panicker]]
|[[Suresh Gopi]], [[Vikram (actor)|Vikram]], [[Geetha (actress)|Geetha]], [[Tiger Prabhakar]], [[Vijayaraghavan (actor)|Vijayaraghavan]]
|-
|''[[Meleparambil Anveedu]]''||[[Rajasenan]]||[[Raghunath Paleri]]||[[Jayaram]], [[Shobana]], [[Jagathy]], [[Vijayaraghavan (actor)|Vijayaraghavan]], [[Narendra Prasad]]
|-
|''[[Padheyam]]''||[[Bharathan]]||[[A. K. Lohithadas]]||[[Mammootty]], [[Chippy (actress)|Chippi]], [[Rajani (actress)|Sasikala]]
|-
|''[[Koushalam]]''|| T. S. Mohan ||[[V. R. Gopalakrishnan]]
|[[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]], [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]], [[Swetha Menon]]
|-
|''[[Chenkol]]''||[[Sibi Malayil]]||[[A. K. Lohithadas]]||[[Mohanlal]], [[Thilakan]], [[Cochin Haneefa]], [[Shanthi Krishna]]
|-
|''[[Golanthara Vartha]]''||[[Sathyan Anthikkad]]||[[Sreenivasan]]
|[[Mammootty]], [[Shobana]], [[Kanaka (actress)|Kanaka]]
|-
|''[[Sakshal Sreeman Chathunni]]''||[[Anil Babu]]||[[Kaloor Dennis]]
|[[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]], [[Jagadish]], [[Baiju Santhosh|Baiju]], [[Maathu]]
|-
|''[[Sowbhagyam]]''|| Sandhya Mohan || ||[[Sunitha (actress)|Sunitha]], [[Jagadish]], [[Jagathy Sreekumar]], [[Suchitra|Suchithra]]
|-
|''[[Yaadhavam]]''||[[Jomon (director)|Jomon]]||[[Ranjith (director)|Ranjith]]
|[[Suresh Gopi]], [[Khushbu Sundar|Khushbu]], [[Narendra Prasad]]
|-
|''[[Kalippattam]]''||[[Venu Nagavally]]||[[Venu Nagavalli]]
|[[Mohanlal]], [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]], [[Vineeth]]
|-
|''[[Janam (1993 film)|Janam]]''||[[Viji Thampi]]|| ||[[Murali (Malayalam actor)|Murali]], [[Jagadish]], [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]], [[Geetha (actress)|Geetha]]
|-
|''[[Vidheyan]]''||[[Adoor Gopalakrishnan]]|| ||[[Mammootty]], [[M. R. Gopakumar]], [[Sabitha Anand]], [[Tanvi Azmi]]
|-
|''Thalamura''||[[K. Madhu]]|| ||[[Mukesh (actor)|Mukesh]], [[Madhu (actor)|Madhu]], [[Anju (actress)|Anju]]
|-
|''[[Bhoomi Geetham]]''||[[Kamal (director)|Kamal]]||[[T. A. Razzaq]]
|[[Murali (Malayalam actor)|Murali]], [[Geetha (actress)|Geetha]]
|-
|''[[Magrib (film)|Magrib]]''||[[P. T. Kunju Muhammed]]|| ||[[Murali (Malayalam actor)|Murali]], [[Sreenivasan]], [[V. K. Sreeraman]], [[Saranya]], Zeenath
|-
|''[[Swaham]]''||[[Shaji N. Karun]]|| ||[[Sharreth|Sharath]], [[Annapoorna (actress)|Annapoorna]]
|-
|''[[Aacharyan]]''||[[Ashokan (actor)|Asokan]]|| ||[[Thilakan]], [[Sreenivasan]], [[Suresh Gopi]], [[Vineeth]]
|-
|''[[Shudhamaddalam]]''||[[Thulasidas]]|| ||[[Mukesh (actor)|Mukesh]], Madhurima, [[Vijayakumar (Malayalam actor)|Vijayakumar]]
|-
|''[[Ithu Manjukaalam]]''||[[Thulasidas]]|| ||[[Suresh Gopi]], [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]]
|-
|''[[Arthana]]''||[[I. V. Sasi]]||[[Raghunath Paleri]]
|[[Murali (Malayalam actor)|Murali]], [[Radhika Sarathkumar|Radhika]], [[Priya Raman]]
|-
|''[[Sopanam (film)|Sopanam]]''||[[Jayaraj]]||[[Kaithapram Damodaran Namboothiri|Kaithapram]]
|[[Manoj K. Jayan]], [[Chippy (actress)|Chippy]], [[J. V. Somayajulu]]
|-
|''[[Manichitrathazhu]]''||[[Fazil (director)|Fazil]]||[[Madhu Muttom]]||[[Mohanlal]], [[Suresh Gopi]], [[Shobana]], [[Vinaya Prasad]]
|-
|''[[Padaleeputhram]]''|| Baiju Thomas || ||
|-
|''[[Thaali (1993 film)|Thaali]]''||[[Sajan (director)|Sajan]]|| ||[[Mukesh (Malayalam actor)|Mukesh]], [[Baiju Santhosh|Baiju]], [[Thilakan]], [[Saranya]]
|-
|''[[Avan Ananthapadmanabhan]]''|| Prakah Koleari || ||[[Sudha Chandran]], [[Ramesh Aravind]]
|-
|''[[Kabooliwala]]''||[[Siddique-Lal]]||[[Siddique-Lal]]
|[[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]], [[Jagathy]], [[Vineeth]], [[Charmila (actress)|Charmila]]
|-
|''[[Johny (film)|Johny]]''||[[Sangeeth Sivan]]|| || Master Tharun Kumar, [[Shanthi Krishna]]
|-
|''[[Kavadiyattam]]''||Aniyan
| ||[[Jayaram]], [[Jagathy Sreekumar]], [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]]
|-
|''[[Aparna (1993 film)|Aparna]]''|| || ||
|-
|''[[Porutham]]''||Kaladharan
| ||[[Murali (Malayalam actor)|Murali]], [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]], [[Sreelakshmi|Sreelekshmi]]
|-
|''[[Easwaramoorthy IN]]''||Pradeep Gomas
| ||[[Sai Kumar (Malayalam actor)|Sai Kumar]], [[Saranya Ponvannan]]
|-
|''[[Theeram Thedunna Thirakal]]''|| || ||
|-
|''[[Meghasangeetham]]''|| || ||
|-
|''[[Vaasarashayya]]''||G. S. Panicker || ||[[M. G. Soman]], [[Maathu]]
|}

==References==
{{No footnotes|date=February 2011}}
*{{cite web|title=Kerala Government Public Relations Department |url=http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/prd2/art/list.htm |access-date=24 February 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050828202957/http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/prd2/art/list.htm |archive-date=28 August 2005 |url-status=dead }}
*{{cite web | title=Cinema of Malayalam | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050426081118/http://www.cinemaofmalayalam.net/ | archive-date=26 April 2005 | url=http://www.cinemaofmalayalam.net | access-date=18 September 2019 }}
*{{cite web | title=Official Site of Association of Malayalam Movie Artists | url=http://malayalamcinema.com | access-date=24 February 2011 }}

{{Malayalam films|horiz}}
{{Indian film list}}
{{1993 films}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Malayalam Films Of 1993}}
[[Category:1993 Malayalam-language films| 1993]]
[[Category:Lists of Malayalam films by year|1993]]
[[Category:Lists of 1993 films by language|Malayalam]]
[[Category:1993 in Indian cinema]]

Tahkhana

2026-03-03T23:58:54Z

HGNJanell4801: Minor edits and structural improvements

{{Short description|1986 Indian Hindi-language horror film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{More citations needed|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Tahkhana
| image = File:Tahkhana (1986) poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = {{Plainlist|
* [[Tulsi Ramsay]]
* [[Shyam Ramsay]]
}}
| writer = Kafeel Azar - Yogesh (dialogues)
| screenplay = Arjun Ramsay
| story = J. K. Ahuja
| producer = Gangu Ramsay
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* [[Hemant Birje]]
* [[Puneet Issar]]
* [[Preeti Sapru]]
* [[Aarti Gupta Surendranath|Aarti Gupta]]
* [[Trilok Kapoor]]
}}
| cinematography = Gangu Ramsay
| editing = {{Plainlist|
* Arjun Ramsay
* Venkatesh Naik
}}
| music = [[Ajit Singh (composer)|Ajit Singh]]
| studio = Ramsays International
| released = {{Film date|df=y|1986|12|12}}
| country = [[India]]
| language = Hindi
}}
'''''Tahkhana''''' ({{translation|Dungeon}}),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/hindi-english/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%99%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE#:~:text=basement%20countable%20noun,thkhana%2C%20thkhAnA%2C%20thkhaanaa%2C%20thkh%C4%81n%C4%81|title=English Translation of “तहख़ाना” | Collins Hindi-English Dictionary}}</ref> also known as '''''Tahkhana: The Dungeon''''', is a 1986 Indian Hindi-language [[horror film]] directed by [[Shyam Ramsay]] and [[Tulsi Ramsay]]. Its plot follows two sisters separated at birth and the search for a hidden treasure, which is guarded in a dungeon by a bloodthirsty monster.

''Tahkhana'' features music composed by Ajit Singh and songs sung by [[Asha Bhosle]], [[Amit Kumar (singer)|Amit Kumar]], [[Anuradha Paudwal]] and Sushma Shreshtha. It stars [[Hemant Birje]], [[Aarti Gupta Surendranath|Aarti Gupta]] and Kamran Rizvi in the lead roles, supported by [[Puneet Issar]], [[Imtiaz Khan]], [[Priti Sapru]], [[Trilok Kapoor]], [[Huma Khan]], [[Rajindernath]] and Shamsuddin among others.

==Plot==
A dying Thakur Surjeet Singh bequeaths his entire estate to one of his sons, Raghuvir, disowning the other, Dhurjan, the family's black sheep, who also indulges in black magic. The latter swears to use magical powers to usurp the estate, and arranges the abduction of Raghuvir's daughters, Sapna and Aarti. Mangal and his men manage to apprehend Dhurjan, imprison him in a dungeon, and rescue Aarti. They are unable to locate Sapna, and Raghuvir is killed. Before dying, he informs Mangal that Sapna has one of the two pieces of a locket around her neck, while the other is on Aarti's, and when joined together will reveal the location of a treasure buried in a dungeon.

20 years later, Aarti and her boyfriend, Vijay, along with several others, attempt to unearth this treasure - not realising that they not only face betrayal from one of their own, but will also release and fall prey to an ageless and indestructible evil entity.

==Cast==
* [[Hemant Birje]] as Heera
* Kamran Rizvi as Vijay
* [[Aarti Gupta Surendranath|Aarti Gupta]] as Aarti
* [[Preeti Sapru]] as Panna
* [[Trilok Kapoor]] as Raghuveer Singh
* [[Narendra Nath]] as Dhurjan
* [[Puneet Issar]] as Anand
* [[Imtiaz Khan]] as Shakaal
* [[Rajendra Nath]] as cook Zabardast
* [[Huma Khan]] as Reena
* Shamshuddin as Demon
* Sheetal as Sapna
* [[Rana Jung Bahadur]] as Rana

==Music==
# "Nazro Se Aaj Nazre Aur Dil Se Dil Milaye" - [[Sushma Sharestha]], [[Anuradha Paudwal]]
# "Khuli Sadak Par: - [[Amit Kumar (singer)|Amit Kumar]], Dilraj Kaur
# "Mai Hoon Pagal" - [[Asha Bhosle]]

==Home media==
''Tahkhana'' was released on [[DVD]] by [[Mondo Macabro]] as a [[double feature]] with the 1993 film ''[[Mahakaal (1993 film)|Mahakaal]]'' (also directed by the Ramsay brothers), as the ''Bollywood Horror Collection Vol. 3''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mondo-macabro.com/the-bollywood-horror-collection-vol-3-dvd-ramsay.html|title=The Bollywood Horror Collection Vol. 3|publisher=[[Mondo Macabro]]|access-date=2 July 2023}}</ref> In 2023, Mondo Macabro released ''Tahkhana'' on [[Blu-ray]] as part of the ''Bollywood Horror Collection'' boxed set, which also includes the Ramsay brothers-directed films ''[[Aatma (2006 film)|Aatma]]'' (2006), ''[[Bandh Darwaza]]'' (1990), ''Purani Haveli'', ''[[Purana Mandir]]'' (1984), and ''[[Veerana]]'' (1988).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mondomacabro.bigcartel.com/product/bollywood-horror-limited-edition-box-set|title=Bollywood Horror - Limited Edition Box Set|publisher=[[Mondo Macabro]]|access-date=2 July 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221031172514/https://mondomacabro.bigcartel.com/product/bollywood-horror-limited-edition-box-set|archive-date=31 October 2022}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of Hindi films of 1986]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|0260411}}

{{Shyam Ramsay}}

[[Category:1986 films]]
[[Category:1986 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:1986 horror films]]
[[Category:Indian horror films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Ajit Singh]]

{{1980s-Hindi-film-stub}}
{{1980s-horror-film-stub}}

Desiya Paravai

2026-03-03T04:28:42Z

HGNJanell4801: Started new post

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Desiya Paravai
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| native_name = 
| director = [[Babu Ganesh]]
| writer = Babu Ganesh
| screenplay =
| story =
| based_on = 
| producer = S. Senguttuven S. Thilagavathi S. Anjuham A. Jotheeswaran
| starring = [[Suresh (actor, born 1963)|Suresh]] [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]] [[Nizhalgal Ravi]] Babu Ganesh [[Vineetha]] [[Vadivelu]]
| narrator =
| cinematography = R. G. Gopal
| editing = V. Udayashankar
| music = [[Ilayaraaja]]
| studio = S. Sen Film International
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2006|11|17}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Tamil
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Desiya Paravai''''' ({{Translation|National bird}}) is a 2006 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[action drama film]] directed by [[Babu Ganesh]] starring himself, [[Suresh (actor, born 1963)|Suresh]], [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]], [[Nizhalgal Ravi]], [[Vineetha]], and [[Vadivelu]].

== Cast ==
{{cast listing|
*[[Suresh (actor, born 1963)|Suresh]] as David
*[[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]] as Malini
*Vichu Sivakumar
*[[Nizhalgal Ravi]]
*[[Babu Ganesh]] as Raja
*[[Vinitha]] as Priya
*Roopasri
*[[Vadivelu]] as Azhagu
*[[Kumarimuthu]]
}}

== Production ==
The film began production in 1996 as ''Naan Oru Indian'' ({{Translation|I am an Indian}}).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Naan Oru Indian Tamil Film Audio cassette Ilayaraaja |url=https://mossymart.com/product/naan-oru-indian-tamil-film-audio-cassette-ilayaraaja/ |access-date=2024-05-31 |website=Mossymart |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-05-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240531065628/https://mossymart.com/product/naan-oru-indian-tamil-film-audio-cassette-ilayaraaja/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="V">{{Cite web|url=https://groups.google.com/g/soc.culture.tamil/c/sbJZSuIwTZs|title=Tamil Movie News--Pudhu Edition 2|work=[[Cinema Express]], [[Kumudam]], [[Ananda Vikatan ]]|via=Google Groups|date=17 May 1996|access-date=31 May 2024|archive-date=1 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001220249/https://groups.google.com/g/soc.culture.tamil/c/sbJZSuIwTZs|url-status=live}}</ref> The film is about the [[Kargil War]], and reportedly ten percent of the audio cassette sales were donated to the war victims in 2003.<ref>{{cite web |title=Desiya Paarvai |url=http://sify.com/movies/tamil/preview.php?ctid=5&cid=2423&id=6006717 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031117135252/http://sify.com/movies/tamil/preview.php?ctid=5&cid=2423&id=6006717 |archive-date=17 November 2003 |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> The nine getups of [[Vadivelu]]'s character were publicized by the makers prior to the film's release.<ref name="V"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tvguide.com/movies/desiya-paravai/2000312805/|title=Desiya Paravai|website=[[TV Guide]]|date=1995|access-date=1 June 2024}}</ref><ref name="C"/>

== Soundtrack ==
The music was composed by [[Ilayaraaja]].<ref name=":0" /> The lyrics are written by Ilayaraaja, [[Kamakodiyan]], [[Mu. Metha]] and [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]].<ref name=":0" />
*"Chittuk Kuruvi Kuruvi" - [[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[S. Janaki]]
*"Yemarathe Yematra" - [[S. N. Surendar]], Selvakumar, chorus
*"Deepavali Innikki" - [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K. S. Chithra]], Arunmozhi, chorus
*"Priya Priya" - [[P. Unnikrishnan]], [[Bhavatharini]]
*"Chinna Chinna" - Ilayaraaja, chorus
*"Chengal Pattu Chinnachittu" - Mano, chorus

== Reception ==
Malini Mannath of ''Chennai Online'' wrote that "Not much expectation from this film, so not much disappointment either".<ref name="C">{{Cite web |last=Mannath |first=Malini |date=29 November 2006 |title=Desiya Paravai |url=http://www.chennaionline.com/film/Moviereviews/2006/11desiya-paravai.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070127024232/http://www.chennaionline.com/film/Moviereviews/2006/11desiya-paravai.asp |archive-date=27 January 2007 |work=Chennai Online}}</ref>

== References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title}}
*[https://www.tvguide.com/movies/desiya-paravai/2000312805/ ''Desiya Paravai''] on [[TV Guide]]

[[Category:2006 Indian films]]
[[Category:2006 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:2006 action drama films]]
[[Category:2006 films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Ilaiyaraaja]]
[[Category:Indian action drama films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Sundarapandian

2026-03-03T03:24:38Z

HGNJanell4801: put up details

{{Short description|2012 Tamil film by S. R. Prabhakaran}}
{{for|the 1998 film|Sundara Pandian}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2025}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Sundarapandian poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[S. R. Prabhakaran]]
| producer = [[M. Sasikumar]]
| writer = S. R. Prabhakaran
| starring = {{unbulleted list|M. Sasikumar|[[Lakshmi Menon (actress)|Lakshmi Menon]]|[[Vijay Sethupathi]]}}
| music = [[N. R. Raghunanthan]]
| cinematography = [[C. Prem Kumar|Premkumar Chandran]]
| editing = Biju V. Don Bosco
| studio = Company Production
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|2012|09|14|df=y}}
| runtime = 182 minutes
| country = Indian
| language = Tamil
}}

'''''Sundarapandian''''' is a 2012 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[Action film|action]] [[comedy drama]] film written and directed by [[S. R. Prabhakaran]] in his debut, and produced by [[M. Sasikumar]]. The film stars Sasikumar as the title character, [[Lakshmi Menon (actress)|Lakshmi Menon]] and [[Vijay Sethupathi]], while [[Inigo Prabhakaran]], [[Soori (actor)|Soori]], [[Appukutty]], and [[Soundararaja]] appear in supporting roles. The music was composed by [[N. R. Raghunanthan]], while cinematography was handled by [[C. Prem Kumar|Premkumar Chandran]].

''Sundarapandian'' was released on 14 September 2012 and became a commercial success, winning three [[Tamil Nadu State Film Awards]]. It was remade in [[Kannada]] as ''[[Raja Huli]]'' (2013)<ref>{{Cite news |date=30 July 2013 |title=After Kannada, Sundarapandian gets Telugu remake |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/after-kannada-sundarapandian-gets-telugu-remake/articleshow/21479824.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170331093915/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/After-Kannada-Sundarapandian-gets-Telugu-remake/articleshow/21479824.cms |archive-date=31 March 2017 |access-date=15 December 2024 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> and in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] as ''[[Speedunnodu]]'' (2016).<ref>{{Cite news |last=Chowdhary |first=Y. Sunita |date=5 February 2016 |title=Speedunnodu review: In need of speed limit |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/speedunnodu-in-need-of-speed-limit/article8198278.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211202172344/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/speedunnodu-in-need-of-speed-limit/article8198278.ece |archive-date=2 December 2021 |access-date=15 December 2024 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en}}</ref>

== Plot ==
In Kandamanoor, near [[Theni]], Sundarapandian is the only son of Raghupathi, a landlord and village head. Sundarapandian's close friend Arivazhagan "Arivu", who failed the board exams twice and is now in his final year of college, falls in love with Archana from a nearby village, who commutes daily on the bus from Madurai to Theni. Arivu is too timid to express his feelings and seeks Sundarapandian and Murgesan's assistance in confessing his love.

Sundarapandian, Murugesan, and Arivu commute on the same bus as Archana. Bhuvaneshwaran "Bhuvanesh", who also travels on the bus, tries to propose to Archana, leading to a clash with Arivu. Sundarapandian gives Bhuvanesh 31 days to win Archana's heart, however, he fails, giving Arivu again a chance. But a surprising twist emerges: Sundarapandian had proposed to Archana three years ago while he was in college and was rejected. Encouraged by Arivu, Sundarapandian decides to propose again, but Archana unexpectedly proposes to Sundarapandian, revealing she's had feelings for him all along. Arivu steps aside, and Sundarapandian accepts Archana's proposal. However, Archana's parents want her to marry their relative Jegan, despite her disinterest.

Archana asks Sundarapandian to give her space during her exams. Bhuvanesh takes advantage of this and harasses Archana on the bus. Sundarapandian intervenes, but Bhuvanesh continues to cause trouble. In a violent confrontation, Bhuvanesh is pushed out of the moving bus and dies. Sundarapandian is arrested, but released on bail as it's deemed an accident. Sundarapandian's father, Raghupathi, takes care of Bhuvanesh's family. However, Bhuvanesh's friends vow to take revenge on Sundarapandian, while Paranjothi secretly harbours anger towards him. Raghupathi convinces Archana's father Pandi to accept his proposal for Archana and Sundarapandian to marry. Jegan is furious about the upcoming wedding and discovers that Sundarapandian is his old college friend. Jegan decides to kill Sundarapandian, and Paranjothi agrees to help. Paranjothi tricks Sundarapandian into meeting Jegan, claiming he's become a drunkard. Sundarapandian decides to help Jegan, unaware of the danger. Arivu accompanies Sundarapandian to the meeting, oblivious to the planned ambush.

Sundarapandian meets Jegan on the outskirts of town and tries to reason with him. However, Jegan and Paranjothi attack Sundarapandian. In a shocking turn, Arivu stabs Sundarapandian, revealing his hidden vengeance. Sundarapandian fights back, confronting Jegan, Arivu, and Paranjothi. He scolds Jegan for trying to force Archana into marriage, despite knowing that she is in love with him. Sundarapandian also exposes Paranjothi's betrayal, revealing that he had sent thugs to kill him. Moreover, he reveals that Arivu was the one who killed Bhuvanesh, not him. Sundarapandian had taken the blame to protect Arivu. Heartbroken, Sundarapandian leaves, lamenting the loss of his closest friends.

Sundarapandian and Archana tie the knot. The film concludes with Sundarapandian choosing to keep the betrayal by his friends a secret, instead opting to quietly end their friendships.

== Cast ==
{{cast listing|
* [[M. Sasikumar]] as Sundarapandian
* [[Lakshmi Menon (actress)|Lakshmi Menon]] as P. Archana (voice dubbed by Meenalokshini)
* [[Vijay Sethupathi]] as S. Jegan
* [[Inigo Prabhakaran]] as Arivazhagan
* [[Soori (actor)|Soori]] as Murugesan
* [[Appukutty]] as Bhuvaneshwaran
* [[Aadukalam Naren]] as Kandamanoor Raghupathi
* [[Thennavan (actor)|Thennavan]] as Pandi
* [[Soundararaja]] as Paranjothi
* [[Tulasi (actress)|Tulasi]] as Archana's mother
* [[Sujatha Sivakumar|Sujatha]] as Archana's aunt
* Neethu Neelambaran as Ilamathi
* [[Thavasi (actor)|Thavasi]]
* Winner Ramachandran
* Soumya as Sundarapandian's mother
}}

== Production ==
''Sundarapandian'' is the directorial debut of Prabhakaran, previously an assistant director under Sasikumar; the latter produced the film and also plays the lead role.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rangarajan |first=Malathi |date=8 September 2012 |title=The S Man |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/the-s-man/article3874124.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250222065216/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/the-s-man/article3874124.ece |archive-date=22 February 2025 |access-date=25 February 2025 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en}}</ref> Prabhakaran cast Lakshmi Menon as the lead actress after being impressed with her performance in ''[[Kumki (film)|Kumki]]''.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Manigandan |first1=K. R. |date=1 September 2012 |title=A balancing act |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/a-balancing-act/article3848337.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241226090258/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/a-balancing-act/article3848337.ece |archive-date=26 December 2024 |access-date=25 February 2025 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
The music was composed by [[N. R. Raghunanthan]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Sundara Pandiyan Tamil Film Audio CD |url=https://mossymart.com/shop/sundara-pandiyan-tamil-film-audio-cd/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260218023906/https://mossymart.com/shop/sundara-pandiyan-tamil-film-audio-cd/ |archive-date=2026-02-18 |access-date=2026-02-18 |work=Mossymart |language=en}}</ref> The audio was released by [[Bala (director)|Bala]] and received by Muthaiya and Socrates, two assistant directors of Sasikumar.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=S. R. Ashok |date=1 September 2012 |title=Audio Beat: Sundarapandian |url=http://www.thehindu.com/arts/cinema/article3848296.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121001232854/http://www.thehindu.com/arts/cinema/article3848296.ece |archive-date=1 October 2012 |access-date=5 September 2012 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Kadhal Vandhu
| extra1 = [[Haricharan]]
| lyrics1 = [[Na. Muthukumar]]
| length1 =
| title2 = Kondaadum Manasu
| extra2 = [[Anand Aravindakshan]]
| length2 =
| lyrics2 = [[Mohan Rajan]]
| title3 = Rekkai Mulaiththen
| extra3 = [[G. V. Prakash Kumar]], [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
| lyrics3 = [[Madhan Karky]]
| length3 =
| title4 = Nenjukkulle
| extra4 = [[Saindhavi]]
| length4 =
| lyrics4 = [[Thamarai]]
}}

== Critical reception ==
N. Venkateswaran from ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave it 3.5 out of 5 and called it a "clean family entertainer". The reviewer wrote that "the racy script, easy flowing dialogues and the twists he introduces in the screenplay to take it off the beaten path are commendable" and added that "one more student has passed out with flying colours from the Sasikumar school of cinema".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Venkateswaran |first=N |date=16 September 2012 |title=Sundarapandian |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/tamil/movie-reviews/Sundarapandian/movie-review/16478385.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130802171809/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/tamil/movie-reviews/Sundarapandian/movie-review/16478385.cms |archive-date=2 August 2013 |access-date=8 October 2012 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Vivek Ramz of ''[[In.com]]'' wrote "''Sundarapandiyan'' is a well made commercial flick with right dose of comedy, sentiment and thrill".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramz |first=Vivek |date=15 September 2012 |title=Sundarapandiyan is a neat entertainer! |url=http://www.in.com/news/entertainment/sundarapandiyan-is-a-neat-entertainer-50135025-in-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120918235848/http://www.in.com/news/entertainment/sundarapandiyan-is-a-neat-entertainer-50135025-in-1.html |archive-date=18 September 2012 |access-date=8 October 2012 |website=[[In.com]]}}</ref> ''[[IBNLive]]'' claimed that the film was an "honest attempt. Prabhakar does his best and make it an interesting watch thanks to Sasikumar".<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 September 2012 |title=Tamil Review: 'Sundara Pandian' is watchable |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/tamil-review-sundara-pandian-is-watchable/291788-71-178.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120928180141/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/tamil-review-sundara-pandian-is-watchable/291788-71-178.html |archive-date=28 September 2012 |access-date=8 October 2012 |website=[[IBNLive]]}}</ref> A critic from ''[[Sify]]'' wrote that debutant director SR Prabhakaran made "a confident debut with a film that is both respectable and engaging"<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sundarapandian |url=http://www.sify.com/movies/sundarapandian-review-tamil-15007705.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131024100236/http://www.sify.com/movies/sundarapandian-review-tamil-15007705.html |archive-date=24 October 2013 |access-date=8 October 2012 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> Anupama Subramanian from ''[[Deccan Chronicle]]'' described it as an "honest attempt from Prabhakaran which is engaging family fare", while noting that "Sasi[kumar]'s touches [were] seen till [the] climax".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Subramanian |first=Anupama |date=16 September 2012 |title=Sundarapandian review: Sasi's touches seen till climax |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/showbiz/movie-reviews/sundarapandian-review-sasi%E2%80%99s-touches-seen-till-climax-250 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121029030340/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/channels/showbiz/movie-reviews/sundarapandian-review-sasi%E2%80%99s-touches-seen-till-climax-250 |archive-date=29 October 2012 |access-date=8 October 2012 |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]]}}</ref> Similarly, ''[[Zee News]]'' termed the film a "satisfying wholesome entertainer".<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 September 2012 |title='Sundarapandian' Review: A satisfying wholesome entertainer |url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/regional/sundarapandian-review-a-satisfying-wholesome-entertainer_119160.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240327054602/https://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/regional/sundarapandian-review-a-satisfying-wholesome-entertainer_119160.html |archive-date=27 March 2024 |access-date=8 October 2012 |website=[[Zee News]]}}</ref>

== Accolades ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|-
! Event !! Category !! Recipient(s) !! Verdict !! {{abbr|Ref.|References}}
|-
| rowspan="3" | [[Tamil Nadu State Film Awards]]
| [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
| [[Lakshmi Menon (actress)|Lakshmi Menon]]
| {{won}}
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <ref>{{Cite web |date=14 July 2017 |title=Tamil Nadu announces the State Film Awards for six consecutive years in surprise move. Here's the complete list of winners |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/tamil-nadu-announces-the-state-film-awards-for-six-consecutive-years-in-surprise-movie-heres-the-complete-list-of-winners-4750350/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181031172117/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/tamil-nadu-announces-the-state-film-awards-for-six-consecutive-years-in-surprise-movie-heres-the-complete-list-of-winners-4750350/ |archive-date=31 October 2018 |access-date=31 October 2018 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref>
|-
| [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Villain|Best Villain]]
| [[Vijay Sethupathi]]
| {{won}}
|-
| [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Story Writer|Best Screenplay Writer]]
| [[S. R. Prabhakaran]]
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[60th Filmfare Awards South]]
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Film – Tamil|Best Film – Tamil]]
| ''Sundarapandian''
| {{nom}}
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 July 2013 |title=60th Idea Filmfare Awards 2013 (South) Nominations |url=https://www.filmfare.com/features/60th-idea-filmfare-awards-2013-south-nominations-3603.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250203133737/https://www.filmfare.com/features/60th-idea-filmfare-awards-2013-south-nominations-3603.html |archive-date=3 February 2025 |access-date=15 February 2025 |website=[[Filmfare]] |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Director – Tamil|Best Director – Tamil]]
| S. R. Prabhakaran
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan="5" | [[2nd South Indian International Movie Awards]]
| Best Film
| ''Sundarapandian''
| {{nom}}
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nominees |url=http://www.siima.in/nominees.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130620221418/http://www.siima.in/nominees.html |archive-date=20 June 2013 |access-date=15 February 2025 |website=[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |date=14 September 2013 |title=SIIMA 2013 Awards winners list |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/SIIMA-2013-Awards-winners-list/articleshow/22576877.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140818235132/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/SIIMA-2013-Awards-winners-list/articleshow/22576877.cms |archive-date=18 August 2014 |access-date=15 February 2025 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
| Best Debutant Director
| S. R. Prabhakaran
| {{nom}}
|-
|Best Debutant Female
|Lakshmi Menon
|{{won}}
|-
|Best Comedian
|[[Soori (actor)|Soori]]
|{{nom}}
|-
|Best Cinematographer
|[[C. Prem Kumar|Premkumar]]
|{{nom}}
|-
| rowspan="7" |[[7th Vijay Awards]]
|Best Debutant Director
|S. R. Prabhakaran
|{{Nominated}}
| rowspan="7" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mY5eoO3MBxo |title=Vijay Awards 05/31/13 |date=31 May 2013 |publisher=[[Star Vijay|Vijay Television]] |access-date=15 February 2025 |archive-url=https://archive.org/details/vijay-awards-31-05-13 |archive-date=25 February 2025 |url-status=dead |via=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mh-_JK9nZWQ |title=Vijay Awards 06/01/13 |date=1 June 2013 |publisher=[[Star Vijay|Vijay Television]] |access-date=15 February 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240407103612/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mh-_JK9nZWQ |archive-date=7 April 2024 |url-status=dead |via=[[YouTube]]}}</ref>
|-
|[[Vijay Award for Best Debut Actress|Best Debutant Actress]]
|Lakshmi Menon
|{{Nominated}}
|-
|[[Vijay Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]
|[[Aadukalam Naren]]
|{{nom}}
|-
|[[Vijay Award for Best Comedian|Best Comedian]]
|Soori
|{{nom}}
|-
|Face of the Year
|Lakshmi Menon
|{{nom}}
|-
|[[Vijay Award for Favourite Hero|Favourite Hero]]
|[[M. Sasikumar]]
|{{nom}}
|-
|[[Vijay Award for Favourite Film|Favourite Film]]
|''Sundarapandian''
|{{nom}}
|-
|[[Ananda Vikatan Cinema Awards]]
|Best Debutant Actress
|Lakshmi Menon
|{{won}}
| style="text-align:center;" | <ref>{{Cite web |date=16 January 2013 |title=விகடன் விருதுகள் 2012 |url=https://cinema.vikatan.com/28485--2 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230323171604/https://cinema.vikatan.com/28485--2 |archive-date=23 March 2023 |access-date=15 February 2025 |website=[[Ananda Vikatan]] |language=ta}}</ref>
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes}}

{{S. R. Prabhakaran}}

[[Category:2010s action comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:2012 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:2012 action comedy films]]
[[Category:2012 action drama films]]
[[Category:2012 comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:2012 directorial debut films]]
[[Category:2012 films]]
[[Category:2012 Indian films]]
[[Category:Films directed by S. R. Prabhakaran]]
[[Category:Films produced by M. Sasikumar]]
[[Category:Films scored by N. R. Raghunanthan]]
[[Category:Indian action comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:Tamil films remade in other languages]]
[[Category:Tamil-language action comedy films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language action drama films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Nagendra Mahto

2026-03-01T16:51:09Z

HGNJanell4801:

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2024}}
{{Infobox Indian politician|office =Member of the [[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly]]}}
'''Nagendra Mahto''' (born 1951)<ref name="myneta">{{Cite web |title=Nagendra Mahto(Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP)):Constituency- BAGODAR(GIRIDIH) - Affidavit Information of Candidate|url=https://www.myneta.info/Jharkhand2024/candidate.php?candidate_id=841 |access-date=25 November 2024 |website=www.myneta.info}}</ref> is an Indian politician from [[Jharkhand]]. He is an MLA from [[Bagodar Assembly constituency]] in [[Giridih district|Giridih District]]. He won the [[2024 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election]], representing the Bharatiya Janata Party.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nagendra Mahto, BJP Election Results LIVE: Latest Updates On Nagendra Mahto, Assembly Election Constituency Seat |url=https://www.ndtv.com/elections/jharkhand/assembly-election-candidates-list-2024/nagendra-mahto-51029-1 |access-date=25 November 2024 |website=ndtv.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Mahto is from [[Bagodar]], Giridih District, Jharkhand. He is the son of late Lakho Mahto. He completed his B.A. (B.T.) in 1984 at a college affiliated with [[Ranchi University]], Ranchi.<ref name="myneta"/>

== Career ==
Mahto won from Bagodar Assembly constituency representing [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] in the 2024 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 November 2024 |title=Bagodar, Jharkhand Election Results 2024 Highlights: Bagodar सीट पर Nagendra Mahto ने Vinod Kumar Singh को हराया, जानें किसे मिले कितने वोट |url=https://www.aajtak.in/elections/assembly-chunav/story/bagodar-jharkhand-assembly-election-results-2024-live-updates-jaelb-2104001-2024-11-23 |access-date=25 November 2024 |website=आज तक |language=hi}}</ref> He polled 1,27,501 votes and defeated his nearest rival, [[Vinod Kumar Singh (Bagodar politician)|Vinod Kumar Singh]] of the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation, by a margin of 32,617 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 November 2024 |title=Bagodar, Jharkhand Assembly Election Results 2024 Highlights: BJP's Nagendra Mahto defeats CPI(ML)(L)'s Vinod Kumar Singh with 32617 votes |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/assembly/story/bagodar-jharkhand-assembly-election-results-2024-live-updates-jaelb-2638446-2024-11-23 |access-date=25 November 2024 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> He first became an MLA winning the [[2014 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election]] defeating [[Vinod Kumar Singh (Bagodar politician)|Vinod Kumar Singh]] of [[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation]] by a margin of 4,339 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nagendra Mahto, BJP Candidate from Bagodar Assembly Election 2024 Seat: Electoral History & Political Journey, Winning or Losing - News18 Assembly Election 2024 Result News |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/assembly/jharkhand/nagendra-mahto-s27aed2008a029e2024c001/ |access-date=25 November 2024 |website=www.news18.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=22 November 2024 |title=Jharkhand polls: BJP's Nagendra Mahto wins Bagodar seat |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/india/jharkhand-bagodar-constituency-assembly-election-results-and-counting-updates-1.10100199 |access-date=25 November 2024 |website=English.Mathrubhumi |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mahto, Nagendra}}
[[Category:1951 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Jharkhand MLAs 2014–2019]]
[[Category:Jharkhand MLAs 2024–2029]]
[[Category:People from Giridih district]]
[[Category:Ranchi University alumni]]

Barbara Nath-Wiser

2026-02-28T20:13:07Z

HGNJanell4801: Started new data more to come

{{Short description|Austrian-Indian doctor}}
[[File:Derek Blackadder India 2005 (28090016).jpg|thumb|with Dr Barbara Nath-Wiser in 2005]]
'''Barbara Nath-Wiser''' (born February 28, 1949, in [[Linz]]) is an Austrian-Indian doctor.

Barbara Nath-Wiser studied medicine in [[Vienna]], then emigrated to [[India]] after completing her studies in 1978 to do a yoga training and made the acquaintance of her teacher and later husband Krishan Nath Baba.<ref name="Vatican News" /> In 1984, she founded the ''Nishtha - Rural Health, Education and Environment Center'' ([[Sanskrit]]'' nishta'' "trust") for the people of the Kangra Valley in her husband Krishan Nath Baba's home town of Sidhbari in the north Indian state of [[Himachal Pradesh]]. In addition to conventional treatment methods, this health center also offers [[homeopathy]], [[acupuncture]] and [[Ayurveda]].

In 1986, her husband passed away. Barbara Nath-Wiser decided to stay in India and continue her project. In 2004, Barbara Nath-Wiser was honored with the Two Wings Award.<ref>[https://www.derstandard.at/story/1829754/wiener-medizinerin-erhaelt-two-wings-auszeichnung ''Geschlechterpolitik: Wiener Medizinerin erhält "Two Wings"-Auszeichnung''], [[DerStandard.at]], 5. Juli 2005</ref> In 2005, she was nominated for the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] as part of [[PeaceWomen Across the Globe|1000 Women for the Nobel Peace Prize 2005]].<ref>[https://www.derstandard.at/story/2633216/1000-frauen-fuer-den-frieden ''1000 Frauen für den Frieden: Für den Nobelpreis vorgeschlagen: Ausstellung "PeaceWomen"''], DerStandard.at, 8. Oktober 2007: „Fünf Österreicherinnen sind darunter zu finden: die Flüchtlingshelferin [[Ute Bock]], die in der Resistance aktiv gewesene Jüdin [[Irma Schwager]], die Friedensaktivistin [[Hildegard Goss-Mayr]], Barbara Nath-Wiser, Gründerin eines Gesundheitszentrums in Nordindien, und die für Friedensarbeit in Vukovar nominierte 28-jährige Sozialarbeiterin [[Marion Thuswald]].“</ref> In 2015, she was awarded the [[Decoration of Honor for Services to the Republic of Austria (1952)#Order Levels|Golden Decoration of Honor for Services to the Republic of Austria]] for "outstanding social work",<ref name="Vatican News">Aldo Parmeggiani: [https://www.vaticannews.va/de/kirche/news/2018-01/menschen-in-der-zeit--barbara-nath-wiser.html ''Menschen in der Zeit: Barbara Nath-Wiser''], [[Vatican News]], 15. Januar 2018, (Interview): „Sie kam nach Abschluss ihres Medizinstudiums nach Indien auf der Suche nach einer Yoga-Ausbildung … In Indien lernte sie ihren späteren in der Zwischenzeit verstorbenen Ehemann und Lehrer Krishan Nath Baba kennen, das Ehepaar bekam zwei Kinder. … Sie erhielt vom österreichischen Bundespräsidenten Heinz Fischer das goldene Verdienstkreuz der Republik Osterreich für hervorragende Sozialarbeit.“ mit [https://media.vaticannews.va/media/audio/s1/2018/1/15/14/134230887_F134230887.mp3 MP3-Audio-Datei (13,6 MB)] </ref> which corresponds to the order level [[Ritter (Ordenskunde)|Ritter]].<ref>[https://www.fnweb.de/orte/bad-mergentheim_artikel,-bad-mergentheim-dr-susanne-bort-wurde-zur-vorsitzenden-gewaehlt-_arid,929211.html ''In Markelsheim - Förderverein für gemeinsame Entwicklungszusammenarbeit aus der Taufe gehoben: Dr. Susanne Bort wurde zur Vorsitzenden gewählt''], [[Fränkische Nachrichten|fnweb.de]], 5. Oktober 2016: „im April 2015 wurde Dr. Barbara Nath-Wiser durch den Botschafter aus Neu-Delhi, Bernhard Wrabitz, das goldene Ehrenzeichen für Verdienste um die Republik Österreich verliehen“</ref>

Nath-Wiser's marriage produced two children.<ref name="Vatican News" />

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==

* [https://nishtha-hp.org website of Nishtha]

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nath-Wiser, Barbara}}
[[Category:1949 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People in alternative medicine]]
[[Category:Austrian medical doctors]]
[[Category:Austrian expatriates in India]]

Uttarakhand Waqf Board

2026-02-25T09:08:56Z

HGNJanell4801:

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
{{Infobox government agency
|agency_name = Uttarakhand Waqf Board
|seal =
|seal_width = 250px
|seal_caption =
|formed = 6 September 2003
|preceding2 =
|dissolved =
|superseding =
|minister1_name = [[Pushkar Singh Dhami]], [[Chief Minister of Uttarakhand|CM Uttarakhand]]
|minister1_pfo = [[Uttarakhand Council of Ministers|Minister of Minority Affairs]]
|jurisdiction = [[Government of Uttarakhand]]
|headquarters = Alpsankhyak Kalyan Bhawan, [[Dehradun]], [[Uttarakhand]], [[India]]
|coordinates =
|employees =
|budget =
|chief1_name = Mohammad Arif Khan
|chief1_position = Chief Executive Officer
|child1_agency =
|child2_agency =
|child3_agency =
|child4_agency =
|child5_agency =
|child6_agency =
|child7_agency =
|website = {{url|http://ukwms.org/}} {{url|uttarakhandwaqfboard.uk.gov.in/}}
}}

'''Uttarakhand Waqf Board''' is a statutory board of the [[Government of Uttarakhand]] in India.

==History==
[[Central Waqf Council]] was set up by the [[Government of India]]'s [[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://centralwakfcouncil.org/members.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=29 August 2020 |archive-date=4 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101004010746/http://centralwakfcouncil.org/members.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> as an Indian [[statutory body]] in 1964 under Waqf Act, 1954 (now a sub section the Waqf Act, 1995) for the purpose of advising it on matters pertaining to working of the State Waqf Boards and proper administration of the [[Waqf]]s in the country. Waqf is a permanent dedication of movable or immovable properties for religious, pious or charitable purposes as recognized by [[Muslim law]], given by philanthropists. The grant is known as ''Mushrut-ul-Khidmat'', while a person making such dedication is known as ''Waqf''.

The Uttarakhand Waqf Board, was established by the [[Government of Uttarakhand]] under [[Central Waqf Council]] on 5 August 2003 vide notification on Gazette of Uttarakhand.

==List of chairman==

{| class="wikitable" ;"
|-
! S. No.
! Name
! colspan="3"|Term of office<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://uttarakhandwaqfboard.uk.gov.in/pages/display/87-list-of-chairman|title=List of Chairmen: Waqf Board, Government of Uttarakhand, India|website=uttarakhandwaqfboard.uk.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://ukwms.org/Home/List_Chairman | title=Home | Uttarakhand Waqf Board }}</ref>
|-
|1.
| Chaudhary Raees Ahmad
| 08 November 2004
| 25 December 2007<ref>{{Cite web|title=Document|url=https://uttarakhandwaqfboard.uk.gov.in/files/pdf/1.pdf|website=uttarakhandwaqfboard.uk.gov.in|access-date=2026-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220618175812/https://uttarakhandwaqfboard.uk.gov.in/files/pdf/1.pdf|archive-date=2022-06-18}}</ref>
| {{age in years and days|08 November 2004|25 December 2007}}
|-
| –
| District Magistrate of Dehradun {{Small|(''administrator'')}}
| 26 December 2007<ref>{{Cite web|title=Document|url=https://uttarakhandwaqfboard.uk.gov.in/files/pdf/2.pdf|website=uttarakhandwaqfboard.uk.gov.in|access-date=2026-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240626044314/https://uttarakhandwaqfboard.uk.gov.in/files/pdf/2.pdf|archive-date=2024-06-26}}</ref>
| 22 June 2010
|{{age in years and days|26 December 2007|22 June 2010}}
|-
|2.
| Rao Sharafat Ali
| 1 July 2010
| 25 April 2012<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wayback Machine|url=https://uttarakhandwaqfboard.uk.gov.in/files/pdf/Hazi_rav_removal.pdf|website=uttarakhandwaqfboard.uk.gov.in|access-date=2026-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220328074834/https://uttarakhandwaqfboard.uk.gov.in/files/pdf/Hazi_rav_removal.pdf|archive-date=2022-03-28}}</ref>
|{{age in years and days|1 July 2010|25 April 2012}}
|-
|3.
| Rao Kale Khan
| 16 February 2013
| 22 June 2015
|{{age in years and days|16 February 2013|22 June 2015}}
|-
| –
| District Magistrate of Dehradun {{Small|(''administrator'')}}
| 26 May 2016<ref>{{Cite web|title=Document|url=https://uttarakhandwaqfboard.uk.gov.in/files/pdf/3.pdf|website=uttarakhandwaqfboard.uk.gov.in|access-date=2026-02-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326181219/https://uttarakhandwaqfboard.uk.gov.in/files/pdf/3.pdf|archive-date=2022-03-26}}</ref>
| 4 December 2016
|{{age in years and days|26 May 2016|4 December 2016}}
|-
|4.
| Mohammad Akram
| 05 December 2016
| 24 October 2021
|{{age in years and days|5 December 2016|24 October 2021}}
|-
| –
| Ahmed Iqbal, IAS {{Small|(''administrator'')}}
| 28 October 2021
| 7 September 2022
|{{age in years and days|28 October 2021|6 September 2022}}
|-
|5.
| Mohammad Shadab Shams
| 6 September 2022
| ''Incumbent''
|{{age in years and days|6 September 2022}}
|}

==Properties==
District wise Immovable and Assessable Waqf Properties{{Cn|date=February 2026}}
{| class="wikitable" ;"
|-
! S. No.
! District
! Immovable Properties
! Assessable Properties
|-
|1
|Almora
|94
|53
|-
|2
|Bageshwar
|13
|1
|-
|3
|Chamoli
|2
|1
|-
|4
|Champawat
|60
|50
|-
|5
|Dehradun
|1715
|1250
|-
|6
|Haridwar
|1926
|1177
|-
|7
|Nainital
|452
|310
|-
|8
|Pauri Garhwal
|128
|96
|-
|9
|Pithoragarh
|12
|4
|-
|10
|Rudraprayag
|2
|0
|-
|11
|Tehri Garhwal
|17
|0
|-
|12
|Udham Singh Nagar
|939
|511
|-
|13
|Uttarkashi
|2
|0
|-
! colspan="2"|Total
|'''5362'''
|'''3456'''
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://wamsi.nic.in/wamsi/LoginAction.do?statecode=05 Search Waqf Property] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808003848/http://wamsi.nic.in/wamsi/LoginAction.do?statecode=05 |date=8 August 2020 }}
* [http://centralwaqfcouncil.gov.in/ Central Waqf Council]
* [http://www.minorityaffairs.gov.in/ Central Ministry For Minority Affairs]
* [http://maef.nic.in/ Maulana Azad Education Foundation]
* [http://www.nmdfc.org/ National Minorities Development and Finance Corporation]

{{Uttarakhand}}
{{Government of India by state or territory}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Uttarakhand Waqf Board}}
[[Category:Waqf boards]]
[[Category:State agencies of Uttarakhand|W]]
[[Category:Islamic organisations based in India]]
[[Category:2003 establishments in Uttarakhand]]
[[Category:Government agencies established in 2003]]

{{India-gov-stub}}

Agartala Municipal Corporation

2026-02-24T04:15:32Z

HGNJanell4801: general add references for accuracy and corrected details for clarity

{{Short description|Local civic body in Agartala, Tripura, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox legislature
| name = Agartala Municipal Corporation
| native_name =
| transcription_name =
| legislature =
| coa_pic =
| coa_res =
| coa_alt =
| house_type = Municipal Corporation
| body =
| term_limits = 5 years
| houses =
| leader1_type = Mayor
| leader1 = [[Dipak Majumder]]
| party1 = [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://mantras.tv/2021/12/06/bjps-deepak-majumder-elected-as-agartala-municipal-corporation-mayor-monika-das-datta-as-deputy-mayor/ |title=BJP's Deepak Majumder elected as Agartala Municipal Corporation Mayor, Monika das Datta as Deputy Mayor | Welcome to Mantra |access-date=7 December 2021 |archive-date=7 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207063719/https://mantras.tv/2021/12/06/bjps-deepak-majumder-elected-as-agartala-municipal-corporation-mayor-monika-das-datta-as-deputy-mayor/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| election1 =
| leader2_type = Deputy Mayor
| leader2 = Manika Das Datta
| party2 = [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| election2 =
| leader3_type = Municipal Commissioner
| leader3 = Vishal Kumar, IAS<ref>{{cite web|url=http://agartalacity.tripura.gov.in/|title=Agartala Municipality Corporation}}</ref>
| party3 =
| election3 =
| leader4_type =
| leader4 =
| party4 =
| election4 =
| leader5_type =
| leader5 =
| party5 =
| election5 =
| leader6_type =
| leader6 =
| party6 =
| election6 =
| members = 51
| house1 =
| house2 =
| structure1 = File:India Agartala Municipal Corporation 2021.svg
| structure1_res = 300px
| political_groups1 =
'''Government (51)'''
*{{Color box|#FF9933}} [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (51)
| political_groups2 =
| committees1 =
| committees2 =
| joint_committees =
| voting_system1 = [[First-past-the-post voting|First-past-the-post]]
| last_election1 = [[2021 Tripura local elections|November 2021]]
| next_election1 = 2026
| session_room =
| session_res =
| session_alt =
| meeting_place = [[Agartala]], [[Tripura]]
| website = {{url|http://agartalacity.tripura.gov.in}}
| footnotes =
}}

The '''Agartala Municipal Corporation''' or '''AMC''' is the municipal body which governs and maintains the city of [[Agartala]], the capital of the [[India]]n [[Indian state|state]] of [[Tripura]] and is the Second-largest develop city after Guwahati metropolitan in [[North-east India]]. Formed in the year 1871 the oldest municipal body in [[Northeast India]], AMC had a vital role in developing & modernizing the state and managing in its various activities. This civic administrative body administers an area of 76.5 km2. AMC is headed by [[Dipak Majumder]] the present Mayor of Agartala.

==Objective==
The Municipal Corporation consists of councillors elected by the residents of the city. The city is divided into municipal wards and each ward elects a councillor to the Council.

The current majority of AMC belongs to the [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]].<ref name="ag ref1">{{cite news |title=Tripura Municipal Election Results 2021 Highlights: Assam CM says BJP's win testimony to popular support for PM Modi's leadership |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/tripura-municipal-election-results-2021-live-news-counting-of-votes-today-in-prestige-battle-for-tmc-bjp/2377523/ |access-date=28 November 2021 |publisher=The Financial Express |date=28 November 2021}}</ref>

The municipal area was 16.012 km2 with a population of 1,89,329 at the 2001 census.
The Urban Development Department Notification No.F.2(2)–UDD /2003 dated 2 July 2004 the Agartala Municipal Council has further been extended taking 16 No. of Grams of Dukli R.D.Block, 7 No. of Grams of Mohanpur R.D. Block and 2 No. of Grams of [[Jirania]] R.D. Block with an area of 42.83 square kilometers and a population of 178,495.<ref>agartala info</ref> The present municipal building is located near the City center of Agartala location namely Paradise Chowhamani.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Population
!Area
|-
| 1961 || 54,878 || {{convert|3|sqmi|km2|sigfig=1}}
|-
| 1971 || 100,264 || {{convert|3|sqmi|km2|sigfig=1}}
|-
| 1981 || 132,186 || 10.94 km2
|-
| 1991 || 157,358 || 15.81 km2
|-
| 2001 || 188,540 || 16.02 km2
|-
| 2004 || 367,822 || 58.84 km2
|-
| 2011 || 399,688 || 58.84 km2 (Greater Agartala Planning Area: 512,264 and 92 km2)
|}
An estimated value of the population of Agartala in each decades as shown here from 1961 along with its size in area.

== Members of the Mayor-in-Council ==

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"

! scope="col" style="width: 10px;" | S.No
! scope="col" style="width: 10px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 10px;" | Designation
! scope="col" style="width: 600px;" | Departments
! colspan="7" scope="col" | Party
|-
! colspan="6" style="text-align: Center;" "width: 200px;"|
|-
! 1.
| Dipak Majumdar
| Mayor
|
*General Administration
*Revenue
*Market Development (including shopping complex)
*Other affairs not allocated to Members
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| bgcolor=#FF9933|
|-
! colspan="6" style="text-align: Center;" "width: 200px;"|
|-
! 2.
| Smt. Manika Das Datta
| Deputy Mayor
|
*Accounts and Cash
*Slum Development
*Cultural affairs
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| bgcolor=#FF9933|
|-
! colspan="6" style="text-align: Center;" "width: 200px;"|'''Mayor-in-Council'''
|-
! 3.
| Hiralal Debnath
| Member
|
*Vehicle
*PWD
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| bgcolor=#FF9933|
|-
! 4.
| Tushar Kanti Bhattacharjee
| Member
|
*Public Health (excluding SWM)
*Drinking Water
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| bgcolor=#FF9933|
|-
! 5.
| Smt. Himani Debbarma
| Member
|
*ST Development
*ICDS
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| bgcolor=#FF9933|
|-
! 6.
| Hari Sadhan Debnath
| Member
|
*Poverty alleviation (Housing Scheme)
*Sports
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| bgcolor=#FF9933|
|-
! 7.
| Uday Bhaskar Chakraborty
| Member
|
*Electric
*SWM
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| bgcolor=#FF9933|
|-
! 8.
| Jagadish Das
| Member
|
*Municipal Properties
*Literacy
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| bgcolor=#FF9933|
|-
! 9.
| Smt. Sampa Sarkar Sen
| Member
|
*School Education
*NULM
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| bgcolor=#FF9933|
|-
! 10.
| Bapi Das
| Member
|
*TUEP
*SC Development
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| bgcolor=#FF9933|
|-
|}

==Current members==
Agartala Municipal Corporation has a total of 51 members or corporators, who are directly elected after a term of 5 years. The council is led by the Mayor. The latest elections were held in November 2021. The current mayor of Agartala is [[Dipak Majumder]] of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theprint.in/politics/ruling-bjp-sweeps-tripura-civic-polls-wins-all-51-seats-in-agartala-municipal-corporation/773286/|title=Ruling BJP sweeps Tripura civic polls, wins all 51 seats in Agartala Municipal Corporation|work=The Print|accessdate=28 November 2021}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
!style="background-color:#FF9933; color:white" colspan=5|Mayor: Dipak Majumder
|-
!style="background-color:#FF9933; color:white" colspan=5|Deputy Mayor: Manika Das Datta
|-
! Ward No.
! Name of Councillor<ref>{{cite web|url=https://agartalacity.tripura.gov.in/sites/default/files/member.pdf|title=Current Members of Agartala Municipal Corporation|work=Agartala Municipal Corporation|accessdate=28 September 2025}}</ref>
! colspan="2" | Party
! Remarks
|-
| 1 || Mitra Rani Das || {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=51}}
|
|-
| 2 || Sharmistha Bardhan
|
|-
| 3 || Jagadish Das
|
|-
| 4 || Suparna Debnath
|
|-
| 5 || Lata Nath
|
|-
| 6 || Mithun Das Baishnab
|
|-
| 7 || Jaya Dhanuk
|
|-
| 8 || Sampa Sarkar
|
|-
| 9 || Uttam Kumar Ghosh
|
|-
| 10 || Soma Majumder
|
|-
| 11 || Hiralal Debnath
|
|-
| 12 || Santana Saha
|
|-
| 13 || Pradip Chanda
|
|-
| 14 || Snigdha Das
|
|-
| 15 || Nibas Das
|
|-
| 16 || [[Dipak Majumder]]
|
|-
| 17 || Shikha Banerjee
|
|-
| 18 || Abhishek Datta
|
|-
| 19 || Bhaswati Debbarma
|
|-
| 20 || Ratna Datta
|
|-
| 21 || Alak Bhattacharjee
|
|-
| 22 || Himani Debbarma
|
|-
| 23 || Manimukta Bhattacharjee
|
|-
| 24 || Sukhamoy Saha
|
|-
| 25 || Sima Debnath
|
|-
| 26 || Shilpi Dewan
|
|-
| 27 || Subhash Bhowmik
|
|-
| 28 || Nanda Dulal Debnath
|
|-
| 29 || Ruma Das
|
|-
| 30 || Pintu Ranjan Das
|
|-
| 31 || Anjana Das
|
|-
| 32 || Shilpi Sen
|
|-
| 33 || Abhijit Mallik
|
|-
| 34 || Jahnabai Das Chowdhury
|
|-
| 35 || Tushar Kanti Bhattacharjee
|
|-
| 36 || Nitu Dey
|
|-
| 37 || Bapi Das
|
|-
| 38 || Anjana Das
|
|-
| 39 || Alok Roy
|
|-
| 40 || Sampa Sarkar
|
|-
| 41 || Abhijit Ghosh
|
|-
| 42 || Sathi Rudra Paul
|
|-
| 43 || Manika Das Datta
|
|-
| 44 || Uday Bhaskar Chakraborty
|
|-
| 45 || Apu Adya Datta
|
|-
| 46 || Prasenjit Lodh
|
|-
| 47 || Minarani Sarkar
|
|-
| 48 || Sabita Kar
|
|-
| 49 || Harisadhan Debnath
|
|-
| 50 || Rinki Das
|
|-
| 51 || Sushanta Chandra Bhowmik
|
|-
|}

== Election ==

Date: 25 November 2021

Result: 28 November 2021

Total Seats : 51

Winning Party : [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] with 51 seats.

== See also ==
*[[List of cities and towns in Tripura]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060526084025/http://tripura.nic.in/amc/AboutAmc.htm AMC page]

[[Category:Agartala]]
[[Category:Municipal corporations in Tripura]]
[[Category:Local government in Tripura]]
[[Category:1871 establishments in India]]

Sir Syed College, Taliparamba

2026-02-19T10:20:16Z

HGNJanell4801: put up a bio

{{Short description|College in Taliparamba, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}
{{more citations needed|date=February 2018}}
{{Infobox university
|name = Sir Syed College, Taliparamba
|image = SIR SYED COLLEGE TALIPARAMBA KANNUR.jpg
|caption =
|motto =
|established = 1967
|type = Aided college
|principal = Ismail Olayikkara
|affiliations = [[Kannur University]]
|city = [[Taliparamba]]
|state = [[Kerala]]
|country = India
|website = {{url|sirsyedcollege.ac.in}}
}}

'''Sir Syed College''' is an academic institution situated in [[Taliparamba]], [[Kerala]], India, affiliated to the [[Kannur University]]. The college runs undergraduate and postgraduate programmes in science, commerce and arts, and offers research facilities in botany and chemistry. The college is recognized by the [[University Grants Commission (India)|University Grants Commission]] (UGC) and reaccredited by [[National Assessment and Accreditation Council|NAAC]] at A level.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://highereducation.kerala.gov.in/index.php/academic/institutions/self-financing?showall=&start=3 |title=Higher Education Institutes in Kannur University}}</ref>

==History==
The college was established in 1967 by [[Cannanore District Muslim Educational Association (CDMEA)]] which is a [[Thalassery]] based NGO. The college began in a temporary building at Karimbam junction. The new campus at Pranthan Kunnu has more facilities like football and basketball grounds and a botanic garden. The college has laboratories for the students of physics, botany and chemistry.<ref>[http://www.kerala.gov.in/dept_collegiate/list.htm Official website of kerala.gov.in] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080810221656/http://www.kerala.gov.in/dept_collegiate/list.htm |date=10 August 2008 }}</ref>

==Attached institutions==
* Sir Syed Institute for Technical Studies
* Keyi Sahib Training College
* Sir Syed Higher Secondary School
* Kurumathoor south UP school, kurumathoor

==Affiliation==
Sir Syed College, [[Taliparamba]] is affiliated to the [[Kannur University]].

==Location==
The college campus is located on a hillock at [[Karimbam, Taliparamba]]. The campus is {{cvt|23|km}} away from [[Kannur]] railway station.

==Notable alumni==
*[[Kauser Edappagath|Dr. Justice Kauser Edappagath]], judge of [[Kerala High Court]]
*[[John Brittas]]
*[[Nikhila Vimal]]
*[[P. K. Kunhalikutty]]
*[[Mohammed Faizal P. P]]

==See also==

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Coord|12|2|20|N|75|22|38|E|display=title}}
{{Educational Institutes in Kannur}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Arts and Science colleges in Kerala]]
[[Category:Colleges affiliated to Kannur University]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Kannur district]]
[[Category:Taliparamba]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1967]]
[[Category:1967 establishments in Kerala]]

{{Kerala-university-stub}}

Bimla Poddar

2026-02-13T13:27:49Z

HGNJanell4801: fixed section as per guidelines to improve readability

{{short description|Indian social worker}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Bimla Poddar
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1936|08|28}}
| birth_place = [[Varanasi]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], India
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2025|05|14|1936|08|28}}
| death_place =
| restingplace =
| restingplacecoordinates =
| othername =
| occupation = Social worker, philanthropist
| yearsactive =
| known for = Philanthropy
| spouse = Bimal Kumar Poddar
| domesticpartner =
| children =
| parents =
| website =
| awards = [[Padma Shri]]
}}
'''Bimla Poddar''' (28 August 1936 - 14 May 2025) <ref name="tt">{{ cite web| title= A guiding light who will forever live in our hearts (a family Ad) | url= https://epaper.telegraphindia.com/calcutta-edition/29/2025-05-16/page-5.html| website = [[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]] |access-date=16 May 2025}}</ref> was an Indian social worker, businessperson, philanthropist and the founder of ''Jnana Pravaha'',<ref name="Jnana Pravaha">{{cite web | url=http://www.jnanapravaha.org/campus-in-varanasi.php | title=Jnana Pravaha | publisher=Jnana Pravaha | date=2015 | access-date=1 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="Kamat">{{cite web | url=http://www.kamat.com/umbrella/suresh_neotia.htm | title=Kamat | publisher=Kamat | date=2015 | access-date=1 March 2015}}</ref> affectionately known as Bari Ma.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Bimla Poddar, breathes her last in Varanasi on May 14 at the age of 88 |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/kolkata/bari-ma-bimla-poddar-breathes-her-last-in-varanasi-on-may-14-at-the-age-of-88-prnt/cid/2100547}}</ref>

== Early & Personal life ==
Bimla was born and brought up in [[Varanasi]], in the Indian state of [[Uttar Pradesh]]. She was married into a rich business family to late Bimal Kumar Poddar.<ref name="Neotia family">{{cite web | url=http://www.ambujaneotia.com/aboutus/history-of-the-group.aspx | title=Neotia family | publisher=Neotia family | date=2015 | access-date=1 March 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160620141104/http://www.ambujaneotia.com/aboutus/history-of-the-group.aspx | archive-date=20 June 2016 | url-status=dead}}</ref> She was also known for her deep passion for classical music.<ref name=":0" />

== Work ==
Bimla used to hold the directorship of many of the family concerns<ref name="Zauba Corp">{{cite web |date=2015 |title=Zauba Corp |url=https://www.zaubacorp.com/director/BIMLA-DEVI-PODDAR/00002429 |access-date=1 March 2015 |publisher=Zauba Corp}}</ref><ref name="Bloomberg">{{cite web |date=2015 |title=Bloomberg |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=61135264 |access-date=1 March 2015 |publisher=Bloomberg}}</ref> which includes [[Ambuja Cements]].<ref name="Neotia family" /> Jnana Pravaha is a [[Varanasi]] based centre for cultural studies founded by Poddar with Suresh Neotia, engaged in the efforts to preserve the cultural heritage of India.<ref name="Varanasi">{{cite web |date=2015 |title=Varanasi |url=http://www.varanasi.to/index.php/cool-places/441-art34 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402090438/http://www.varanasi.to/index.php/cool-places/441-art34 |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=1 March 2015 |publisher=Varanasi}}</ref> Under the aegis of the organization, Poddar was involved in activities related to exploration of [[Indian Culture|India's culture]]<ref name="Benares: Bayly and the Making of World History">{{cite web |date=2015 |title=Benares: Bayly and the Making of World History |url=http://www.hist.cam.ac.uk/research/conferences/current-pdfs/bayly-conference-programme |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402113303/http://www.hist.cam.ac.uk/research/conferences/current-pdfs/bayly-conference-programme |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=1 March 2015 |publisher=Jnana Pravaha}}</ref><ref name="IndiaColor: Spirit, Tradition, and Style">{{cite book |author=Melba Levick |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dApCPMobDlAC&q=Bimla+Poddar&pg=PA176 |title=IndiaColor: Spirit, Tradition, and Style |publisher=Chronicle Books |year=2008 |isbn=9780811853163 |pages=175}}</ref> and maintained a heritage museum housing artifacts from ancient India.<ref name="Kamat" /><ref name="Times of India">{{cite web |date=26 January 2015 |title=Good Samaritans among UP's 6 Padma awardees |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/Good-Samaritans-among-UPs-6-Padma-awardees/articleshow/46015653.cms |access-date=30 April 2017 |newspaper=Times of India}}</ref>

== Awards & Recognition ==
She was honoured by the [[Government of India]] in 2015 with [[Padma Shri]], the fourth highest Indian civilian award.<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web |date=2015 |title=Padma Awards |url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=114952 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150128022143/http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=114952 |archive-date=28 January 2015 |access-date=16 February 2015 |publisher=Padma Awards}}</ref>

== Death ==
Bimla passed away in Varanasi on May 14, 2025, just a few months before her 89th birthday in August. She was cremated in Varanasi.<ref name=":0" />

==See also==
* [[Tarachand Ghanshyamdas]]
* [[Culture of India]]
{{Portal|India|Society}}

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book | title=IndiaColor: Spirit, Tradition, and Style | publisher=Chronicle Books | author=Melba Levick | year=2008 | pages=175 | isbn=9780811853163}}
{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Social Work}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Poddar, Bimla}}
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in other fields]]
[[Category:Scholars from Varanasi]]
[[Category:Indian philanthropists]]
[[Category:Indian industrialists]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian educational theorists]]
[[Category:Social workers from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Women educators from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Educators from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women scientists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian businesspeople]]
[[Category:Businesswomen from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Varanasi]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian businesswomen]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women educators]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian educators]]
[[Category:1936 births]]
[[Category:2025 deaths]]

{{India-business-bio-stub}}

Swarna Jayanti Rajdhani Express

2026-02-12T12:12:41Z

HGNJanell4801:

{{short description|Train in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Infobox rail service
| color = B22222
| name = ''Swarna Jayanti Rajdhani Express''
| logo =
| image = Rajdhani at Rewari.jpg
| caption = Swarna Jayanti Rajdhani Express Arrived At [[Rewari Junction railway station]]
| type = [[Rajdhani Express]]
| status = Running
| locale = [[Gujarat]], [[Rajasthan]], [[Haryana]] & [[Delhi]]
| first = {{start date and age|df=yes|1998|01|01}}
| last =
| operator = [[Western Railway zone|Western Railway]]
| ridership =
| start = {{stnlnk|Sabarmati}} (SBIB)
| stops = 8
| end = {{stnlnk|New Delhi}} (NDLS)
| distance = {{convert|929|km|0|abbr=on}}
| journeytime = 12 hrs 25 mins
| frequency = Daily
| class = AC First Class, AC 2 Tier, AC 3 Tier
| seating = No
| sleeping = Yes
| autorack =
| catering = Available
| observation = Large windows
| entertainment =
| baggage = Available
| otherfacilities = Below the seats
| stock = [[LHB coach]]
| gauge = {{track gauge|1,676mm}}
| el =
| trainnumber = 12957 / 12958
| line_used = *Ahmedabad - Delhi Mainline
*[[Jaipur–Ahmedabad line|Ahemdabad-Jaipur line (from Sabarmati BG.))]]
*[[Delhi–Jaipur line|Jaipur-New Delhi line]]
| speed = {{convert|130|km/h|0|abbr=on}}
Maximum, 
{{convert|76|km/h|0|abbr=on}} average including halts.
| map = {{Swarna Jayanti Ahmedabad Rajdhani Express Route}}
| map_state = collapsed
}}

The 12957 / 12958 '''Swarna Jayanti Rajdhani Express''' is a [[Rajdhani Express]] train on the [[Indian Railways]] [[broad-gauge]] track network, connecting [[Sabarmati Junction railway station|Sabarmati]] (SBIB), Ahmedabad and [[New Delhi railway station|New Delhi]], a distance of approximately 929 km. The train was one of the Rajdhani Express trains to be introduced in the 20th century, making its inaugural run on 1 January 1998 after the erstwhile [[metre-gauge]] lines between Ahmedabad and [[Delhi]] through [[Gujarat]], [[Rajasthan]] and [[Haryana]] were converted to broad gauge. Since it was introduced in the 50th year of India's independence, it was named 'Swarna Jayanti' ([[golden jubilee]]) Rajdhani Express.

== Schedule ==
As of 21 March 2023, the Swarna Jayanti Rajdhani Express runs daily using the [[Jaipur–Ahmedabad line]] on [[Ahmedabad]]–[[Delhi]] main line. 12957 departs SBIB at 19:10 and arrives at NDLS at 07:30 the next day. 12958 departs NDLS at 19:55 and arrives at SBIB at 08:05 the next day, averaging approximately 77 km/h on both runs.<ref>[http://indiarailinfo.com/train/1604/664/60/1 India Rail Info]</ref> In this sector, it is the fastest train between Ahmedabad and New Delhi. During its journey, the train passes through the Indian states of [[Gujarat]], [[Rajasthan]], [[Haryana]] and [[Delhi]]. The entire train route is electrified and only the section between Jagudan and Palanpur Junction is on double line as of February 2025.

==Route and halts==

• '''[[Sabarmati Junction railway station|Sabarmati Junction]]'''

• [[Mahesana Junction railway station|Mahesana Junction]]

• [[Palanpur Junction railway station|Palanpur Junction]]

• [[Abu Road railway station|Abu road]]

• [[Falna railway station|Falna]]

• [[Ajmer Junction railway station|Ajmer Junction]]

• [[Jaipur Junction railway station|Jaipur Junction]]

• [[Gurgaon railway station|Gurgaon]]

• [[Delhi Cantonment railway station|Delhi Cantonment]]

• '''[[New Delhi railway station|New Delhi]]'''

==Time table==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background:gold;"| Station Code
!! style="background:gold;"| Station name
!! style="background:yellow;"| Arrival
!! style="background:red;"| Departure
|-
| SBIB || '''Sabarmati Junction''' || --- || 18:45
|-
| MSH || Mahesana Junction || 19:36 || 19:38
|-
| PNU || Palanpur Junction || 20:40 || 20:42
|-
| ABR || Abu Road || 21:20 || 21:25
|-
| FA || Falna || 22:34 || 22:36
|-
| AII || Ajmer Junction || 01:00 || 01:05
|-
| JP || Jaipur Junction || 02:45 || 02:55
|-
| GGN || Gurgaon || 06:24 || 06:26
|-
| DEC || Delhi Cantt || 06:40 || 06:42
|-
| '''NDLS''' || '''New Delhi''' || 07:30 || ---
|}

== Traction ==
before electric line fully electrified, this premium train was used to pull by diesel locomotives like [[WDM-3A]] , [[WDM-3D]] and [[WDP-4]]. It is hauled by a [[Electric Loco Shed, Vadodara|Vadodara Loco Shed]] based [[WAP-7]] electric locomotive on its entire journey.

== Gallery ==
<gallery>

File:12958 Swarna Jayanti Rajdhani Express - AC 1st Class coach.jpg |12958 Swarna Jayanti Rajdhani Express – AC 1st Class coach
File:12958 Swarna Jayanti Rajdhani Express - AC 2 tier coach.jpg |12958 Swarna Jayanti Rajdhani Express – AC 2 tier coach
File:12958 Swarna Jayanti Rajdhani Express - Pantry Car.jpg |12958 Swarna Jayanti Rajdhani Express – Pantry car
</gallery>

===Coach composition===

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders unsortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| Loco
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 1
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 2
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 3
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 4
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 5
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 6
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 7
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 8
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 9
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 10
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 11
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 12
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 13
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 14
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 15
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 16
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 17
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 18
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 19
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 20
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 21
!scope="col" rowspan="1" style="background:RED;"| 22
|-
|[[File:BSicon LDER.svg|25px]]||EOG||A1|||A2||A3||A4||A5||H1||PC||BE1||B1||B2||B3||B4||B5||B6||B7||B8||B9||B10||B11||B12||EOG
|}

== Other details ==
The train's rake is split into three classes of travel, AC 1st class (code: H/1A), AC 2 Tier (code: A/2A) and AC 3 Tier (code:B/3A). Usually, the train has one H/1A coach, four A/2A coaches and four to eight B/3A coaches. The train also has one or two End-on-Generation cars at either end. This train is popular with passengers and made a daily train in 2009. Previously, it used to run 5 days a week. As a Rajdhani Express, it is a Superfast train and gets the highest priority on its journey between Ahmedabad and New Delhi.

== See also ==
*[[Indian Railways]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Swarna Jayanti Rajdhani Express}}
* [http://indiarailinfo.com/train/map/1603/60/664 Swarna Jayanti Rajdhani Express] India Rail Info

{{Rajdhani Express}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Swarna Jayanti Rajdhani Express}}
[[Category:Transport in Ahmedabad]]
[[Category:Transport in Delhi]]
[[Category:Railway services introduced in 1998]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Haryana]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Delhi]]
[[Category:Rajdhani Express trains]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Gujarat]]
[[Category:Swarna Jayanti Express trains]]

Anuj Sachdeva

2026-02-06T05:44:23Z

HGNJanell4801: general update page for consistency further and cleaned formatting based on references

{{short description|Indian actor and model}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Anuj Sachdeva
| image = Anuj Sachdeva at the special screening of Love Shagun.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Sachdeva in 2016
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1986|10|5}}
| birth_place = [[New Delhi]], [[India]]
| other_names =
| occupation = {{hlist|Actor|model}}
| years_active = 2005–present
| known_for =
| notable_works = {{flatlist|
* ''[[Hawaa Hawaai]]''
* ''[[Love Shagun]]''
}}
}}

'''Anuj Sachdeva''' (born 5 October 1986)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Happy Birthday Anuj Sachdeva {{!}} आज है अनुज सचदेवा का जन्मदिन, जानें उनके जीवन से जुड़ी दिलचस्प बातें {{!}} Navabharat (नवभारत) |url=https://www.enavabharat.com/entertainment/today-is-anuj-sachdeva-birthday-know-interesting-things-related-to-his-life-428600/ |access-date=2022-04-12 |website=[[Nava Bharat]]}}</ref> is an [[Indian people|Indian]] [[actor]] and model.<ref name="Rolling" /> Sachdeva has worked in fims, television commercials and TV shows. He participated in the reality show ''[[MTV Roadies]]'' in 2005. Sachdeva is known for his role of Amrit in ''[[Sabki Laadli Bebo]].'' He was seen portraying the role of Sahil Sengupta in Colors popular show ''[[Swaragini - Jodein Rishton Ke Sur]].''

He has acted in films such as ''[[Hawaa Hawaai]]''; a romantic comedy, ''[[Love Shagun]]'' and two Punjabi films; ''[[Haani (film)|Haani]]'' and ''[[Police in Pollywood]].''

==Personal life==
Anuj Sachdeva was born in [[New Delhi]].<ref name=Rolling/> Before his acting career took off, Sachdeva was working with his father in his business of manufacturing shoes.<ref name=Related/> He is a qualified shoe designer as well. He began his modeling and acting career on his father's insistence.<ref name=Rolling/>

Sachdeva has also done a course in method acting from [[Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.methodactingstrasberg.com/|title=The Lee Strasberg Theatre & Film Institute|website=www.methodactingstrasberg.com|access-date=2016-08-22|archive-date=14 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314054059/http://www.methodactingstrasberg.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Career==

Sachdeva appeared on Season 3 of the reality show ''[[MTV Roadies]]''. After ''Roadies'', he formally began his acting career with a cameo in a 2007 Hindi film ''[[Delhii Heights]]''.<ref name=Rolling/>

He enrolled himself for the [[Grasim Mr. India]] pageant. Sachdeva was bestowed with trophies of Mr. Photogenic and Best Talent. His modelling career took off from here on and he appeared in many commercials.<ref name="Related">{{cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report_thinks-theyre-related-to-me-says-anuj-sachdeva_1709933 |title=Everyone thinks they're related to me, says Anuj Sachdeva |newspaper= [[DNA (newspaper)|DNA]] |date=3 July 2012 |author=L Romal M Singh |location=Pune |access-date=22 November 2012}}</ref>

Sachdeva debuted on television with ''[[Star Plus]]' [[Star Plus|Sabki Laadli Bebo]]''.<ref name="Rolling">{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/life-and-style/metroplus/article3722381.ece |title=Rolling on |date=3 August 2012 |author=Chugh, Naveen Kumarnawang |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=22 November 2012}}</ref> He later appeared in [[Zee TV]]'s ''[[Phir Subah Hogi (TV series)|Phir Subah Hogi]]'' where he played the role of Thakur Aditya Singh, the male protagonist with a feisty attitude.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report_anuj-sachdeva-bags-phir-subah-hogi_1675671 |title=Anuj Sachdeva bags Phir Subah Hogi |date=14 April 2012 |author= Naval-Shetye, Aakanksha |location= Mumbai |publisher=DNA |access-date=22 November 2012}}</ref> Sachdeva quit the show later that year expressing dislike for the script.{{Citation needed|date=July 2019}} He then moved to New York for a few months to pursue a course in Method Acting at Lee Strasberg Theatre & Film Institute.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/the-big-screen-debut/1161724/|title=The big screen debut - Indian Express|website=archive.indianexpress.com|access-date=2019-07-14}}</ref> Sachdeva joined [[Sony TV]]'s ''[[Chhanchhan]]'' in 2013 as a replacement for [[Farhan Khan (Actor)|Farhan Khan]]. Sachdeva was signed on by Rajan Shahi as the male protagonist of his show ''Itti Si Khushi'' on [[Sony TV]]. He was then seen as Sahil Sengupta in Rashmi Sharma Telefilms Limited ''[[Swaragini - Jodein Rishton Ke Sur]]'' on [[Colors TV]].

Sachdeva appeared at [[Kaun Banega Crorepati]] alongside his ''Itti Si Khushi'' co-star [[Smriti Kalra]].

In 2019, Sachdeva took part in dance reality show ''[[Nach Baliye]]'' on [[StarPlus|Star Plus]] along with [[Urvashi Dholakia]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-20 |title=Nach Baliye 9: Romance brewing between ex flames Urvashi and Anuj? |url=https://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/television-news/article/nach-baliye-9-romance-brewing-between-ex-flames-urvashi-dholakia-and-anuj-sachdeva-21764188 |access-date=2022-04-12 |website=www.mid-day.com |language=en}}</ref>

It was reported that, he was about to play a cameo role in ''[[Jai Hanuman - Sankat Mochan Naam Tiharo]]'', but later on declined it.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/anuj-sachdeva-declines-a-tv-show-for-his-furry-friend/articleshow/95161988.cms|title=Anuj Sachdeva declines a TV show for his furry friend - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref>

== Television ==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Notes
|-
| 2005–2006
| ''[[MTV Roadies|MTV Roadies 3]]''
| Contestant
|
|-
| 2009–2011
| ''[[Sabki Laadli Bebo]]''
| rowspan="10" | Amrit Malhotra
|
|-
| rowspan="4" | 2009
| ''[[Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai]]''
| rowspan="9" | Guest
|-
| ''[[Kayamath]]''
|-
|''[[Tujh Sang Preet Lagai Sajna (2008 TV series)|Tujh Sang Preet Lagai Sajna]]''
|-
| ''[[Kis Desh Mein Hai Meraa Dil]]''
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2010
| ''[[Sajan Ghar Jaana Hai]]''
|-
| ''[[Sapna Babul Ka... Bidaai]]''
|-
| ''[[Sasural Genda Phool]]''
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2011
| ''[[Saath Nibhaana Saathiya]]''
|-
| ''[[Mann Kee Awaaz Pratigya]]''
|-
| 2012
| ''[[Phir Subah Hogi (TV series)|Phir Subah Hogi]]''
| Thakur Aditya Singh
|
|-
| 2013
| ''[[Chhanchhan]]''
| Manav Borisagar
|
|-
| 2014–2015
| ''Itti Si Khushi''
| Aman Goel
| <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Anuj-Sachdeva-Im-looking-for-my-soulmate/articleshow/44983892.cms|title=Anuj Sachdeva: I'm looking for my soulmate - Times of India|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=2019-07-14}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2016
| ''Box Cricket League 2''
| Contestant
|
|-
| ''[[Swaragini – Jodein Rishton Ke Sur]]''
| Sahil Sengupta
|
|-
| 2017
| ''[[Entertainment Ki Raat]]''
| Himself
| Guest
|-
| 2018
| ''[[Laal Ishq (2018 TV series)|Laal Ishq]]''
| Bijua/Nikhil
| Episode 22/39
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2019
| ''[[Ek Bhram Sarvagun Sampanna]]''
| Vyom Malhotra
|
|-
| ''[[Nach Baliye#Season 9|Nach Baliye 9]]''
| Contestant
| 8th place<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/nach-baliye-9-yes-urvashi-dholakia-will-tango-with-ex-boyfriend-salman-khan-to-reveal-her-dance-part-2054900|title=Nach Baliye 9: Yes, Urvashi Dholakia Will Tango With Ex-Boyfriend. Salman Khan To Reveal Her Dance Partner Soon|website=NDTV.com|access-date=2019-07-14}}</ref>
|-
| 2022
| ''[[Woh Toh Hai Albelaa]]''
| Chiranjeev "Cheeru" Chaudhary
|
|-
| 2023–2024
| ''[[Dhruv Tara – Samay Sadi Se Pare]]''
| Maan Singh
|
|-
|}

===Films===
*2007 ''[[Delhii Heights]]''
*2013 ''[[Haani (film)|Haani]]'' as Harman
*2014 ''[[Hawaa Hawaai]]'' as Bugs
*2014 ''[[Police in Pollywood]]''
*2016 ''[[Love Shagun]]'' as Jyotiraditya Suryakant Dubey/JD <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mid-day.com/articles/love-shagun-cast-and-crew-shoot-for-a-song-at-madh-island/16071184|title='Love Shagun' cast and crew shoot for a song at Madh Island|date=2015-03-18|website=mid-day|language=en|access-date=2019-07-14}}</ref>

===Web series===

*[[Breathe (TV series)|Breathe]] as Sameer
*''Bin Bulaye Mehmaan''
*''The Reunion'' as Dev
*''[[Chhal Kapat]]'' as Vikram<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Sarkar |first=Arpita |title=Chhal Kapat - The Deception: Release date, OTT platform, cast, plot, and more about the thriller series |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/chhal-kapat-the-deception-release-date-ott-platform-cast-plot-and-more-about-the-thriller-series/45f57e2492968 |access-date=2025-06-05 |website=OTTPlay |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Instagram|apnanuj}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sachdeva, Anuj}}
[[Category:1982 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Male actors from Delhi]]
[[Category:Indian male soap opera actors]]
[[Category:Male actors in Hindi cinema]]

K. Balachander filmography

2026-01-27T07:44:14Z

HGNJanell4801: basic fixed information also and improved wording per standard format

{{Short description|Filmography of Indian filmmaker K. Balachander}}
{{nofootnotes|date=September 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2022}}
[[File:K Balachander.jpg|thumb|K. Balachander]]
This following is the list of films to which [[K. Balachander]] has contributed. He has written and directed nearly 80 films and has worked in more than 100 films either as director or writer in predominantly Tamil-language films. He has directed some Telugu films while the rest of his Telugu, Hindi and Kannada films were either remakes or simultaneously shot versions of his Tamil films. He has also directed Tamil remakes of Telugu films. He has produced one Malayalam film.

== Films ==
=== As director ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! style="width:35px;"| Year
! style="width:150px;"| Film
! style="text-align:center; width:80px;"| Language
! style="text-align:center; width:250px;" class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| rowspan=2 | 1965 || ''[[Neerkumizhi]]'' || rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;" | Tamil || Directorial debut
|-
| ''[[Naanal (1965 film)|Naanal]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan=1| 1966 || ''[[Major Chandrakanth (1966 film)|Major Chandrakanth]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan=2 | 1967 || ''[[Bama Vijayam (1967 film)|Bama Vijayam]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Anubavi Raja Anubavi]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan=3 | 1968 || ''[[Bhale Kodallu]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| Telugu ||
|-
| ''[[Thamarai Nenjam (film)|Thamarai Nenjam]]'' || rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | Tamil || Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Dialogue Writer
|-
| ''[[Ethir Neechal (1968 film)|Ethir Neechal]]''
|[[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Dialogue Writer]]
|-
| rowspan=3 | 1969 || ''[[Poova Thalaiya (1969 film)|Poova Thalaiya]]''||
|-
| ''[[Sattekalapu Satteya]]''||style="text-align:center;"| [[Telugu language|Telugu]] ||
|-
| ''[[Iru Kodugal]]'' || rowspan="7" style="text-align:center;" | Tamil || [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil]]
|-
| rowspan="4" | 1970 || ''[[Patham Pasali]]''|| Remake of ''Sattekalapu Satteyya''
|-
| ''[[Ethiroli]]''||
|-
| ''[[Navagraham]]''||
|-
| ''[[Kaaviya Thalaivi]]''||
|-
| rowspan="4" | 1971|| ''[[Naangu Suvargal]]''|| First colour film in his direction
|-
| ''[[Nootrukku Nooru (1971 film)|Nootrukku Nooru]]''||
|-
| ''[[Bomma Borusa]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| [[Telugu language|Telugu]] || Remake of ''Poova Thalaiya''
|-
| ''[[Punnagai]]''|| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;" | Tamil ||
|-
| rowspan=2 | 1972 || ''[[Kanna Nalama]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Velli Vizha]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan=2 | 1973 || ''[[Arangetram (1973 film)|Arangetram]]'' || also writer
|-
| ''[[Sollathaan Ninaikkiren]]'' ||25th Film
|-
| rowspan=3 | 1974 || ''[[Aaina (1974 film)|Aaina]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| Hindi || Remake of ''Arangetram''
|-
| ''[[Aval Oru Thodar Kathai]]'' || rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | [[Tamil language|Tamil]] || [[Filmfare Award for Best Tamil Director]]
|-
| ''[[Naan Avanillai (1974 film)|Naan Avanillai]]'' ||
|-
| 1975 || ''[[Apoorva Raagangal]]'' || [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil]] [[Filmfare Award for Best Tamil Director]]
|-
| rowspan="3" | 1976 || ''[[Manmadha Leelai (1976 film)|Manmadha Leelai]]''||
|-
| ''[[Anthuleni Katha]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| [[Telugu language|Telugu]]||Remake of ''Aval Oru Thodar Kathai''
|-
| ''[[Moondru Mudichu]]'' || rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" | Tamil || Remake of ''O Seeta Katha''
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1977 || ''[[Avargal]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Pattina Pravesam]]''||
|-
| rowspan="4" | 1978 || | ''[[Nizhal Nijamagiradhu]]''||
|-
| ''[[Maro Charitra]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| [[Telugu language|Telugu]] || [[Filmfare Award for Best Telugu Director]]
|-
| ''[[Thappida Thala]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| [[Kannada]] ||
|-
| ''[[Thappu Thalangal]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| Tamil || [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Dialogue Writer]]
|-
| rowspan=5 | 1979 || ''[[Ninaithale Inikkum (1979 film)|Ninaithale Inikkum]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| Tamil || also co-writer
|-
| ''[[Andamaina Anubhavam]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| [[Telugu language|Telugu]] || also co-writer
|-
| ''[[Nool Veli]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| Tamil ||
|-
| ''[[Guppedu Manasu]]'' || rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | [[Telugu language|Telugu]] ||
|-
| ''[[Idi Katha Kaadu]]'' || Remake of ''Avargal''
|-
| 1980 || ''[[Varumayin Niram Sivappu]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| Tamil || [[Filmfare Award for Best Tamil Director]] [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Director]]
|-
| rowspan=9 | 1981 || ''[[Aakali Rajyam]]'' || rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | [[Telugu language|Telugu]] ||
|-
| ''[[Aadavaallu Meeku Joharlu (1981 film)|Adavaalu Meeku Joharulu]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Enga Ooru Kannagi]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| Tamil ||
|-
| ''[[Tholikodi Koosindi]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| [[Telugu language|Telugu]] || [[Nandi Award for Best Director]]
|-
| ''[[Thillu Mullu]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| Tamil ||
|-
| ''[[Thaneer Thaneer]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| Tamil || [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil]] [[National Film Award for Best Screenplay]] [[Filmfare Award for Best Tamil Director]]
|-
| ''[[Ek Duuje Ke Liye]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| [[Hindi]] || Remake of ''Maro Charitra'' [[Filmfare Award for Best Screenplay]] Nominated—[[Filmfare Award for Best Story]] Nominated—[[Filmfare Award for Best Director]]
|-
| ''[[47 Natkal]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| Tamil ||rowspan="2"|Bilingual film
|-
| ''[[47 Rojulu]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"|[[Telugu language|Telugu]]
|-
|| 1982 || ''[[Agni Sakshi (1982 film)|Agni Sakshi]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| Tamil ||
|-
| rowspan=4 | 1983 || ''[[Benkiyalli Aralida Hoovu]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| Kannada ||Remake of ''Aval Oru Thodar Kathai''
|-
| ''[[Poikkal Kudhirai (1983 film)|Poikkal Kudhirai]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| Tamil ||50th Film
|-
| ''[[Zara Si Zindagi]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| [[Hindi]] || Remake of ''Varumayin Niram Sivappu''
|-
| ''[[Kokilamma]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| [[Telugu language|Telugu]] ||
|-
| rowspan=3 | 1984 || ''[[Ek Nai Paheli]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| [[Hindi]] || Remake of ''Apoorva Raagangal''
|-
| ''[[Achamillai Achamillai]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| Tamil || [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Tamil]] [[Filmfare Award for Best Tamil Director]]
|-
| ''[[Eradu Rekhegalu]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| [[Kannada]] || Remake of ''Iru Kodugal''
|-
| rowspan=3 | 1985 || ''[[Kalyana Agathigal]]'' || rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | Tamil ||
|-
| ''[[Sindhu Bhairavi (film)|Sindhu Bhairavi]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Mugila Mallige]]'' || rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | [[Kannada]] || Remake of ''Thamarai Nenjam''
|-
| rowspan=2 | 1986 || ''[[Sundara Swapnagalu]]'' || Remake of ''Sollathaan Ninaikkiren''
|-
| ''[[Punnagai Mannan]]'' || rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | Tamil || Also writer
|-
| 1987 || ''[[Manathil Uruthi Vendum]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan=2 | 1988 || ''[[Rudraveena (film)|Rudraveena]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| Telugu || [[Nargis Dutt Award for Best Feature Film on National Integration]]
|-
| ''[[Unnal Mudiyum Thambi]]'' || rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;" | Tamil ||Remake of ''Rudraveena''
|-
| 1989 || ''[[Pudhu Pudhu Arthangal (film)|Pudhu Pudhu Arthangal]]'' ||75th Film
[[Filmfare Award for Best Tamil Director]] [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Director]]
|-
| 1990 || ''[[Oru Veedu Iru Vasal]]'' ||<nowiki> </nowiki>[[National Film Award for Best Film on Other Social Issues]]
|-
| 1991 || ''[[Azhagan]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan=2 | 1992 || ''[[Vaaname Ellai]]'' || [[Filmfare Award for Best Tamil Director]]
|-
| ''Dilon Ka Rishta'' ||style="text-align:center;"| Hindi ||unreleased
|-
| 1993 || ''[[Jathi Malli]]'' || rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;" | Tamil ||
|-
| 1994 || ''[[Duet (1994 film)|Duet]]'' ||
|-
| 1996 || ''[[Kalki (1996 film)|Kalki]]'' || special appearance
|-
| 2001 || ''[[Paarthale Paravasam]]'' || 100th Film
|-
| 2006 || ''[[Poi (film)|Poi]]'' || special appearance
|-
|}

=== As actor ===
*''Note: all films are in Tamil, unless otherwise noted.''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! style="width:35px;"| Year
! style="width:150px;"| Film
! style="text-align:center; width:190px;" class="unsortable" | Role
! style="text-align:center; width:100px;" class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 1996 || ''[[Kalki (1996 film)|Kalki]]'' || Movie director
| rowspan="2" | Special appearances
|-
| 2002 || ''[[Kadhal Virus]]'' || Himself
|-
| 2006 || ''[[Poi (film)|Poi]]'' || The man who plays dice with fate
|
|-
| 2008 || ''[[Kuselan]]'' || Himself
|Special appearance
|-
| 2010 || ''[[Rettaisuzhi]]'' || Ramaswamy
|
|-
| 2014 || ''[[Ninaithathu Yaaro]]'' || Himself
| Special appearance
|-
| 2015 || ''[[Uthama Villain]]'' || Margadarshi
|Posthumous Film
|}

===As writer ===
This is a list of films that he wrote but did not direct.
*''Note: all films are in Tamil, unless otherwise noted.''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! style="width:35px;" | Year
! style="width:150px;" | Film
! style="text-align:center; width:250px;" class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| rowspan="2" |1964 || ''[[Dheiva Thaai]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Server Sundaram]]'' ||
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1965 || ''[[Poojaikku Vandha Malar]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Neela Vanam]]'' ||
|-
|}

===As producer===
{{main|Kavithalayaa Productions}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! style="width:35px;"| Year
! style="width:150px;"| Film
! style="text-align:center; width:80px;"| Language
! style="text-align:center; width:250px;" class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 1985 || ''[[Idanilangal]]'' ||style="text-align:center;"| [[Malayalam]] ||
|-
|}

== Television serials ==
* Aanandham Vilayaadum Veedu (Kalaignar TV)
* [[Amudha Oru Aacharyakuri]] (Kalaignar TV)
* [[Anni (TV series)|Anni]] (Jaya TV)
* Balachanderin Chinna Thiraigal
* Chhoti Si Asha (Hindi) (Sony Entertainment Television)
* Comedy Colony (Jaya TV)
* Engirundho Vandhaal (Jaya TV)
* Jannal-1 Sila Nijangal Sila Nyayangal (Sun TV/Raj TV)
* Jannal-2 Aduththa Veettu Kavithai (Sun TV/Raj TV)
* Jannal-3 Ammaavukku Rendula Raagu (Sun TV/Raj TV)
* Jannal-4 Marabu Kavithaigal (Raj TV)
* Kadhal Ondru Vaangi Vandhean (Sun TV)
* Kadhal Pagadai (Sun TV)
* Kasalavu Nesam (Sun TV/Raj TV/ Vasanth TV)
* Kai Alavu Manasu (Sun TV/ Raj TV/ Vasanth TV)
* Nilavai Pidippom (Raj TV)
* Premi (Sun TV/Raj TV)
* Raghu Vamsam (Sun TV)
* Rail Sneham (Doordarshan Podhigai)
* [[Ramany vs Ramany]] (Raj TV)
* Rekkai Kattiya Manasu (Raj TV)
* Sahana (Jaya TV)
* [[Shanthi Nilayam (TV series)|Shanthi Nilayam]] (Jaya TV)
* Sollathaan Ninaikkirean (Zee Tamil)

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|0049335}}
* {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20171130031723/http://www.kavithalayaa.com/ official website of ''Kavithalaaya'']}}

{{K. Balachander}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Balachander, K.}}
[[Category:Indian filmographies]]
[[Category:Director filmographies]]
[[Category:Male actor filmographies]]

Anil C.S. Rao

2026-01-23T12:29:49Z

HGNJanell4801: Started initial bio and citations

{{Short description|American writer, artist, and comic book creator}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{COI|date=September 2025}}
{{AI-generated|date=September 2025}}
}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = Anil C.S. Rao
| image =
| caption =
| birth_place = United States
| occupation = Writer, artist, comic book creator
| language = English
| education = MFA in Creative Writing, [[National University (California)|National University]] (2014)
| notableworks = ''Bright Lights Big Buddha'', ''Vizag Blue'', ''Bharathi: Her Theory of Everything''
}}

'''Anil C.S. Rao''' is an American writer, artist, and comic book creator. He is the author of several novels and a graphic novel, most notably ''Bright Lights Big Buddha'', which has appeared in multiple editions since 2014.<ref name="Rao 2023">{{cite book |last=Rao |first=Anil C.S. |title=Bright Lights Big Buddha: A Graphic Novel |year=2023 |publisher=Ind |isbn=9798389202382}}</ref> His work and artistic influences have been profiled in the ''Baltimore Post-Examiner'',<ref name="BaltimoreExaminer2023">{{cite web |title=Baltimore Bombay Baltimore: A Cineaste's Round Trip Journey |url=https://baltimorepostexaminer.com/baltimore-bombay-baltimore-a-cineastes-round-trip-journey/2023/01/27 |website=Baltimore Post-Examiner |date=January 27, 2023}}</ref> ''India Abroad'',<ref name="India Abroad profile">{{cite news |title=India Abroad profile |url=https://www.anilcsrao.com/ia.html}}</ref> ''The Hindu Metro Plus'',<ref>{{cite news |title=The Hindu Metro Plus article |url=https://www.anilcsrao.com/bonfire_vanities.html}}</ref> and the Telugu journal ''Visalandhra'',.<ref name="VisalandhraReview">{{cite news |title=Visalandhra review of Anil C.S. Rao's fiction |language=te |publisher=Visalandhra |date=2023 |url=https://www.anilcsrao.com/press.html}}</ref>

== Biography ==
Rao earned a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) in Creative Writing from [[National University (California)|National University]] in 2014.<ref>{{cite web |title=Creative Writing Student Alumni Success |url=https://assets.nu.edu/assets/resources/degreeResources/Creative-Writing-Student-Alumni-Success1.pdf |website=National University |year=2014}}</ref>

He is also the grandson of Indian historian and writer C.V.H. Rao, author of ''Civil Disobedience Movements in India''.<ref>{{cite book |last=Rao |first=C.V.H. |title=Civil Disobedience Movements in India |year=2006 |publisher=Kanishka Publishers |isbn=9788188811380 }}</ref>

== Career ==
Rao began his career in 1981 as an apprentice at BR Films in Mumbai, working on the production of the feature film ''Nikaah''.<ref>{{cite news |title=BR Films production history |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/nikaah/ |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |year=1981}}</ref>

He later developed a body of fiction, graphic novels, and digital art. His novels and artwork have been noted in the press for their blending of South Asian cultural themes with contemporary Western settings.<ref name="India Abroad profile"/><ref name="VisalandhraReview" />

According to a 2023 article in the Baltimore Post-Examiner, Rao described how viewing Jean-Jacques Beineix’s ''Diva'' at the Charles Theater in Baltimore was a major influence in his artistic development.<ref name="BaltimoreExaminer2023" />

=== Published works ===
* ''Bright Lights Big Buddha'' (graphic novel, multiple revised editions, 2014–2023). Independently published. ISBN 9798389202382.<ref name="Rao 2023"/>
* ''Vizag Blue'' (graphic novel). Independently published. ISBN 9798218109327.<ref name="VisalandhraReview" />
* ''Bharathi: Her Theory of Everything'' (novella and MFA thesis work). National University, 2014. [Unpublished thesis — circulated in excerpt form].<ref name="VisalandhraReview" />

== See also ==
* [[Graphic novel]]

== References ==
<references/>

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rao, Anil C.S.}}
[[Category:American graphic novelists]]
[[Category:American male novelists]]
[[Category:American people of Indian descent]]
[[Category:National University (California) alumni]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College of Arts, Science & Commerce

2026-01-22T17:33:01Z

HGNJanell4801: corrected information for consistency

{{Short description|College in Mumbai, India}}
{{no footnotes|date=July 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox university
| name = Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College (Autonomous)
| image =
| motto = Knowledge is all Ambrosia
| established = 15 August 1938
| principal = Dr. Himanshu Dawda
| founder = Shree Nandikishore Singh Jairamji
| type = Education and research institution
| affiliations = [[National Assessment and Accreditation Council|NAAC]]
| city = Ghatkopar, Mumbai
| country = India
| campus_type = Urban
| website = {{url|rjcollege.edu.in}}
}}

'''Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College (Autonomous)''' is college located in Ghatkopar (W), [[Mumbai]], India. It is affiliated to [[University of Mumbai]]{{citation needed|date=July 2016}} It was established in 1963.

==Reward==
It has been awarded and rated "A" grade by the [[National Assessment and Accreditation Council|NAAC]] with CGPA 3.50 and has been awarded "Best College" of [[University of Mumbai|Mumbai University]] in 2009 and ISO 9001:2008 Associated in 2010 rather than that it has been Awarded ISO 14001:2004 in 2013 and has achieved Jagar Janivancha Award by [[Government of Maharashtra|Maharashtra Government]] 2013–14.

The college has been granted "Autonomous Status" by [[University Grants Commission (India)|University Grants Commission]] (UGC) for a period of ten years w.e.f. 2018–2019 to 2027-2028 (Letter No. F. 22-1/2018(AC) dated 28 May 2018). However, the college remains affiliated to [[University of Mumbai]] with an autonomous status.

==References==
* [http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/mumbai-university-academic-audit-reports-criticise-lack-of-research-activities/ Mumbai University Academic Audit Report.]
* [https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-students-question-cm-prithviraj-chavan-admits-quality-of-education-in-maharashtra-is-poor-1907368 Maharashtra CM at RJ College on Education.]
* [https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Many-colleges-struggle-to-get-chief-guests-for-convocation-ceremony/articleshow/45973740.cms Chief Guest for convocation Ceremony]
* [https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Mumbai_Student_Chapter Cyber Security and InfoSec by OWASP Student Chapter at Mumbai.]
* [https://www.rjcollege.edu.in School website]

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ramniranjan Jhunjhunwala College of Arts, Science and Commerce}}
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Mumbai]]
[[Category:University of Mumbai]]

Durga Bari (Gaya)

2026-01-20T22:09:50Z

HGNJanell4801: Started new details

{{Orphan|date=January 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Durga Bari
| official_name =
| other_name =
| postal_code = 823001
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| coordinates = {{coord|24|47|33|N|85|00|25|E|type:city_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| settlement_type = [[Neighbourhood]]
| image_skyline = Durga Bari, Gaya.jpg
| caption = Gautam Buddha Road in Durga Bari, Gaya
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = India
| subdivision_type2 = City
| subdivision_name2 = [[Gaya, India|Gaya]]
| native_name = {{native name|hi|दुर्गाबाड़ी}}
| founder =
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| p1 =
| governing_body = Gaya Nagar Nigam
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]]
| demographics_type1 = Language
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi]], [[Urdu]]
| demographics1_title2 = Spoken
| demographics1_info2 = [[Magadhi]], [[Hindi]], [[Urdu]]
| pushpin_map = India Bihar#India
}}
'''Durga Bari''' ({{Langx|hi|दुर्गाबाड़ी|translit=durgā-bāṛī}}) is a residential-cum commercial neighborhood under the Civil Lines thana jurisdiction of [[Gaya, India|Gaya]], [[Bihar]], India.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-10-11|title=गया के दुर्गाबाड़ी में खुले मां के पट, उमड़ी श्रद्धालुओं की भीड़|url=https://www.jagran.com/bihar/gaya-durgapooja-in-durgabadi-festival-start-22105047.html|access-date=2022-01-27|website=Dainik Jagran|language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-28|title=गया शहर की सबसे बड़ी समस्या हुई दूर, बॉटम नाला का निर्माण व सफाई का काम हुआ पूरा|url=https://livemagadh.com/the-biggest-problem-of-the-gaya-city-was-the-construction-and-cleaning-of-the-distant-drain-was-completed/|access-date=2022-01-27|website=MAGADH LIVE NEWS|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-10-11|title=गया: जूते के गोदाम में लगी भीषण आग, लाखों की संपत्ति जलकर राख|url=https://www.etvbharat.com/hindi/bihar/state/gaya/fierce-fire-in-hind-shoe-warehouse-in-gaya/bh20191104104518816|access-date=2022-01-28|website=ETV Bharat News}}</ref> It is located south of Dulhingunj neighborhood while facing [[Phalgu River|Falgu River]] eastwards. The area is known for serving several Hindu temples dedicated to goddess [[Durga]] and usually gets crowded during the annual [[Durga Puja]] celebrations.<ref>{{Cite web|title=VIDEO: गया के प्राचीन दुर्गा बाड़ी पूजा समिति के द्वारा दुर्गा पूजा अनुष्ठान शुरू|url=https://www.etvbharat.com/hindi/bihar/city/gaya/durga-puja-started-in-gaya-on-saptmi/bh20211012153343905|access-date=2022-01-27|website=ETV Bharat News|date=12 October 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=कुमार|first=अजीत|date=2021-10-15|title=गया के दुर्गाबाड़ी में महिलाओं ने खेली सिंदूर की होली, मां दुर्गा को दी गई विदाई, जानें मान्यता|url=https://www.abplive.com/states/bihar/vijayadashami-2021-women-played-vermilion-holi-in-durgabari-gaya-on-dashami-know-the-recognition-ann-1982834|access-date=2022-01-27|website=www.abplive.com|language=hi}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Gaya, India]]
[[Category:Neighbourhoods in Bihar]]

{{Gaya-geo-stub}}

Mehra (village)

2026-01-20T13:39:38Z

HGNJanell4801: Starting A Location

{{Short description|Village in Charkhi Dadri, Haryana, India}} {{About|the village in Haryana|the surname|Mehra}}

{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Mehra
| native_name = मैहड़ा
| native_name_lang = ISO 639-1
| other_name = Mahra or Mehera
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline = JOHAD OF VILLAGE MEHRA.jpg
| motto = Jai Dada Dohla
| pushpin_map = India Haryana
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Haryana, India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| coordinates = {{Coord|28|33|49.7|N|76|09|17.8|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = [[Haryana]]
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 = [[Charkhi Dadri district|Charkhi Dadri]]
| subdivision_type3 = Tehsil
| subdivision_name3 = [[Charkhi Dadri district|Charkhi Dadri]]
| subdivision_type4 = Block
| subdivision_name4 = [[Jhojhu Kalan]]
| government_type = Gram Panchayat
| leader_title = Sarpanch
| leader_name = Vikash Singh
| area_total_km2 = 7
| area_total_sq_mi = 2.7
| area_total_acre = 1720
| elevation_m = 230
| elevation_ft = 759
| elevation_min_m = 228
| elevation_min_ft = 747
| elevation_max_m = 300
| elevation_max_ft = 984
| population_total = 4500
| population_as_of = 2025
| population_note = (est.; 1,926 voters)
| population_demonym = Mehriya
| timezone1 = Indian Standard Time
| utc_offset = +5.30
| postal_code_type = Postal Code
| postal_code = 127026
| area_code = 01250
| website = www.haryana.gov.in
}}
[[File:GOVT SR SEC SCHOOL, VILLAGE - MEHRA, CHARKHI DADRI, HARYANA.jpg|thumb|MAIN GATE OF GOVERNMENT SCHOOL OF VILLAGE MEHRA, CHAKRHI DADRI, HARYANA]]
'''Mehra'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geo Spatial based Decision Support System for Panchayats |url=https://grammanchitra.gov.in/gm4MVC |website=Gram Manchitra}}</ref> (pronounced /mɛːɦ.ɽaː/ (Maihṛā); मैहड़ा) is a village in [[Charkhi Dadri district]], [[Haryana]],<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9gVFbwAACAAJ&q=Jhojhu+Kalan |title=Villages in Haryan: Katlaheri, Bhirrana, Jatusana, Kunjpura, Ghasola, Kaul Village, Dighal, Rania Town, Jhojhu Kalan, Mandothi, Amin Village |publisher=General Books |year=2010 |isbn=9781155839493 |language=English}}</ref> India. It is part of [[Jhojhu Kalan]] Block<ref>{{Cite web |title=Local Government Directory, Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Government of India |url=https://lgdirectory.gov.in/ |website=Local Government Directory}}</ref> and falls under Charkhi Dadri Tehsil.

== Geography ==
<mapframe latitude="28.565753" longitude="76.155725" zoom="14" width="419" height="272" />
Mehra is located 15 km from the District Headquarters ([[Charkhi Dadri]]) and approximately 3 km from [[National Highway 334B (India)|National Highway 334B]]. The village is situated in a semi-arid region with flat agricultural land and low hills from the [[Aravalli Range]] on the eastern side.

== Demographics ==
According to local administrative reports from December 2025, Mehra has an estimated population of approximately 4,500, with 1,926 registered voters.<ref name="BhaskarDec2025">{{cite news |script-title=hi:सिर कटने के बाद भी घोड़े पर मैहड़ा पहुंचे बाबा रणदेव |trans-title=Baba Bandev reached Mehra on a horse even after being decapitated |url=https://dainik.bhaskar.com/LkD4Qd32cZb |work=[[Dainik Bhaskar]] |department=Panchayatnama |location=Charkhi Dadri |date=19 December 2025 |language=Hindi |access-date=11 January 2026}}</ref> The Jat community forms the majority.

The village is home to a diverse population consisting of various communities and gotras (clans). Some of the prominent clans residing in the village include:

* '''Nai''': Bholan (भोलण)

* '''Baniya''': Goyal (गोयल)

* '''Jat''': Sangwan (सांगवान), Maan (मान), Taxak (तक्षक), Lamba (लाम्बा), Shehrawat (शेहरावत), Grewal (ग्रेवाल), Kinha (कीन्हा)

* '''Jogi''': Ninan (निनाण), Dabla (डाबला)

* '''Chamar''': Chhokar (छोकर), Dahiya (दहिया), Tanwar (तंवर), Badbad (बड़बर)

* '''Khati''': Bijania (बिजनिया)

* '''Bahman''': Kaushik (कौशिक)

* '''Dhobi''': Kayath (कायथ)

* '''Kumhar''': Prajapat (प्रजापत)

* '''Sikka/Sakka''': Tanwar (तंवर)

* '''Dhanak''': Bumra (बुमरा), Nagar (नागर), Khanna (खन्ना), Khatak (खटक)

== Folklore ==
The village is historically significant for the legend of '''Baba Bandev''', a warrior saint. According to local oral tradition, Baba Bandev was a soldier who was decapitated in battle but continued to fight, riding his horse back to Mehra without his head. A shrine (known locally as a ''Gumbad'') marks the specific spot where his torso is believed to have finally fallen. A unique feature of this shrine is that it has no roof; according to village belief, the structure cannot sustain a roof, and it remains open to the sky to this day.<ref name="BhaskarDec2025"/>
[[File:BABA BANDEV MAHARAJ.jpg|thumb|BABA BANDEV MAHARAJ, VILLAGE - MEHRA, CHARKHI DADRI, HARYANA 127026]]

Additionally, the village honors '''Dada Dohla Maharaj''', an ascetic from Surehti who is said to have arrived around Samvat 1350 (c. 1293 AD) to perform penance on the adjacent hill. The village hosts gatherings on the 'Teras' and 'Chaudas' (13th and 14th days) of the lunar month in his honor.<ref name="BhaskarDec2025"/>

== Economy ==
Agriculture is the primary occupation. Mehra is noted for its agricultural innovations and claims to be the first village in the district to initiate large-scale [[Tomato|tomato]] cultivation, which became a primary source of economic prosperity for local farmers. Major crops currently include tomato, [[Wheat|wheat]], [[Mustard (plant)|mustard]], rice, and [[Pearl millet|bajra]].<ref name="BhaskarDec2025"/>
[[File:TOMATO PLANTATION IN A NETHOUSE.png|thumb|TOMATO PLANTATION IN A NETHOUSE, VILLAGE - MEHRA, CHARKHI DADRI, HARYANA]]

== Infrastructure ==
The village hosts a major '''Canal Based Water Works''' facility managed by the Public Health Engineering Department (PHED), Charkhi Dadri. Constructed under a [[NABARD]] scheme, this plant treats and supplies potable water to a group of six villages: '''Mehra''', '''Tiwala''', '''Sishwala''', '''Ashawari''', '''Badal''', and '''Gudana'''.

[[File:CANAL BASED WATER WORKS, VILLAGE - MEHRA; (GROUP OF 6 VILLAGES), PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT CHARKHI DADRI HARYANA.jpg|thumb|CANAL BASED WATER WORKS, VILLAGE - MEHRA; (GROUP OF 6 VILLAGES), PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT CHARKHI DADRI HARYANA]]

The facility is designed with a supply capacity of 70 Litres Per Capita Per Day (LPCD). The infrastructure includes two large sedimentation tanks with a combined capacity of approximately 14 million litres and two clear water tanks with a capacity of 3.66 lakh litres.

== Administration ==
Mehra falls under the Mehra Gram Panchayat<ref>{{Cite web |title=Profile Report of Mehra Gram Panchayat |url=https://egramswaraj.gov.in/viewGpProfile.do?localBodyCode=259670&stateCode=6 |website=eGramSwaraj}}</ref> and is governed by the local Sarpanch under the [[Panchayati raj|Panchayati Raj system]]. The village is part of the [[Badhra Assembly constituency|Badhra Vidhan Sabha constituency]] and [[Bhiwani–Mahendragarh Lok Sabha constituency]].

== Transport and connectivity ==
Mehra is connected to [[National Highway 334B (India)|National Highway 334B]] and the nearest railway station is Charkhi Dadri railway station (15 km).

== Notable people ==
The village has a strong tradition of military service and sports.<ref name="BhaskarDec2025"/>

* [[Rhythm Sangwan]] – Indian sport shooter who represented India at the [[2024 Summer Olympics]] and won gold in the women's 25m pistol team event at the Asian Games.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 September 2023 |title=Asian Games 2023 Highlights, Day 4: Trio of Manu Bhaker, Rythm Sangwan and Esha Singh won Gold in 25m Air Pistol team event |url=https://www.business-standard.com/sports/asian-games/2023-asian-games-live-updates-day-4-shooting-boxing-tennis-squash-india-women-hockey-table-tennis-boxing-handball-live-streaming-today-123092601423_1.html |access-date=1 April 2025 |website=Business Standard}}</ref>

* **Surender Mehra** – Advocate and President of Charkhi Dadri Bar Association, elected for the fourth time.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1 March 2025 |title=ऋषिपाल पहल को 62 वोटों के अंतर से हराकर चौथी बार प्रधान बने सुरेंद्र मैहड़ा |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/epaper/detail-page/charkhi-dadri/391/2025-03-01 |url-access=registration |access-date=1 April 2025 |work=Dainik Bhaskar |language=Hindi}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in Charkhi Dadri district]]

Victoria Gowri

2026-01-16T17:16:00Z

HGNJanell4801: put up new details

{{Short description|Indian judge}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2024}}
'''Lekshmana Chandra Victoria Gowri''' is an Additional Judge of the [[Madras High Court]]. Prior to her appointment, she was a politician from the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]. Her selection engendered controversy after lawyers alleged her to have given hate speeches against religious minorities and unsuccessfully petitioned the Supreme Court of India to withdraw the appointment.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=S |first=Mohamed Imranullah |date=2023-02-07 |title=Advocate Victoria Gowri assumes office as judge of Madras High Court |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/advocate-l-victoria-gowri-assumes-office-as-judge-of-madras-high-court/article66480309.ece |access-date=2023-02-07 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Nath |first=Akshaya |date=2023-02-07 |title=From BJP leader & Hindutva activist to Madras HC judge — who is L Victoria Gowri |url=https://theprint.in/judiciary/from-bjp-leader-hindutva-activist-to-madras-hc-judge-who-is-l-victoria-gowri/1360049/ |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Education ==
Gowri received her [[Bachelor of Laws]] from Government Law College, Madurai and did her postgraduation from [[Mother Teresa Women's University]].<ref name=":4" />

== Career ==

=== Politics ===
Gowri's family has been associated with the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) since decades.<ref name=":4" /> She has been associated with [[Seva Bharati]] — an affiliate of the Sangh Parivar— since her college days. In October 2010, Gowri was appointed to head the party's Women's Wing in [[Tamil Nadu|Kerala]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Das |first=Saurav |date=30 January 2023 |title='Problem of Christian, Love Jihad': A Future Judge's Bias Reveals Supreme Court Collegium's Enduring Opacity — Article 14 |url=https://article-14.com/post/-problem-of-christian-love-jihad-a-future-judge-s-bias-reveals-supreme-court-collegium-s-enduring-opacity-63d73360b1296 |website=article-14.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4" /> In 2016, she was appointed as the National Secretary of the women’s wing.<ref name=":4" /> [[ThePrint|The Print]] reports that Gowri's social media profile has photographs of her tying [[Rakhine State|''rakhi'']] on [[Narendra Modi]] and other senior BJP leaders; during the [[2019 Indian general election]], she took part in the [[Main Bhi Chowkidar]] campaign.<ref name=":4" />

=== Law ===
Gowri started practice in 1995 and opened her own firm, two years hence.<ref name=":4" /> In 2015, the union government—led by BJP—appointed her as their senior standing counsel at the [[Madras High Court]]; five years later, she was recruited as an assistant [[solicitor general]] for the union government.<ref name=":0" />

==== Elevation to High Court ====
On 17 January 2023, the Collegium of the Supreme Court of India assented to her elevation as a judge of the [[Madras High Court]].<ref name=":1" /> About a fortnight later, it was alleged that she had given hate speeches against religious minorities — Christians and Muslims; Gowri was noted to have propagated the Islamophobic conspiratorial theory of [[Love jihad]] and labeled Christians as "white terrorists".<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Why SC Dismissing Challenge to Victoria Gowri's Appointment Was the Chronicle of a Failure Foretold |url=https://thewire.in/law/why-sc-dismissing-challenge-to-victoria-gowris-appointment-was-the-chronicle-of-a-failure-foretold |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=The Wire}}</ref><ref name=":4" /> On 1 February, some lawyers petitioned the President of India to withdraw her appointment and went on to file a case before the Supreme Court of India, praying for similar reliefs.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |last=S |first=Mohamed Imranullah |date=2023-02-06 |title=Advocates urge ACJ not to administer oath of office to Victoria Gowri until SC hears case against her elevation as judge of Madras HC |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/advocates-urge-acj-not-to-administer-oath-of-office-to-victoria-gowri-until-sc-hears-case-against-her-elevation-as-judge-of-madras-hc/article66478317.ece |access-date=2023-02-07 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

On 6 February 2023, the Chief Justice of India — who heads the Collegium — constituted a two-judge bench to decide on the issue about a week later;<ref name=":3" /> in oral remarks, he appeared to accept an ignorance of Gowri's speeches.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Rajagopal |first=Krishnadas |date=2023-02-07 |title=Victoria Gowri appointment {{!}} Two views emerge from Supreme Court on what Collegium considered |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/victoria-gowri-appointment-two-views-emerge-from-supreme-court-on-what-collegium-considered/article66481159.ece |access-date=2023-02-07 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> However, minutes after the decision, the Government accepted the Collegium's recommendation, and the Chief Justice of Madras High Court requested her to take oath, the next day.<ref name=":IToday">{{Cite web |title=Drama over appointment of LC Victoria Gowri in Madras HC: A fifth judges case in making? |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/law/story/drama-over-appointment-of-lc-victoria-gowri-in-madras-hc-a-fifth-judges-case-in-making-2331321-2023-02-07 |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=India Today |date=7 February 2023 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> The hearing was rescheduled and held before a bench of [[Bhushan Ramkrishna Gavai]] and [[Sanjay Kishan Kaul]] on the morning of 7 January; they dismissed the case upon an oral hearing, refusing to challenge the wisdom of the collegium by adjudicating the "suitability" of a judge.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-07 |title=Supreme Court Dismisses Plea Against Appointment Of Adv Victoria Gowri As Madras High Court Additional Judge |url=https://www.livelaw.in/top-stories/supreme-court-dismisses-plea-against-appointment-of-adv-victoria-gowri-as-madras-high-court-additional-judge-220908 |website=[[Live Law]] |language=en}}</ref>

Gowri was sworn in simultaneous to the hearings, and she took oath before the arguments had concluded in the Supreme Court; the proceedings would have been effectively infructuous even in case of an unfavorable verdict.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Rajagopal |first=Krishnadas |date=2023-02-07 |title=SC declines to intervene in adv. Victoria Gowri's appointment as Madras HC Additional Judge even as she took oath of office |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/supreme-court-dismisses-petition-challenging-victoria-gowris-appointment-as-madras-hc-judge/article66480409.ece |access-date=2023-02-07 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>{{Efn|Judges, once holding office, can ''only'' be removed by impeachment through the Parliament of India.<ref name=":IToday" />}} [[The Hindu]], in its editorial, remarked that Gowri's elevation — notwithstanding an "unabashed prejudice against minorities" — highlighted the unsuitability of the closed-door collegium system to select judges in the face of political pressure.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-02-08 |title=Bench and bigotry: The Hindu Editorial on advocate Victoria Gowri's appointment as Madras High Court judge |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/bench-and-bigotry-the-hindu-editorial-on-advocate-victoria-gowris-appointment-as-madras-high-court-judge/article66486035.ece |access-date=2023-02-09 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Gowri is married, and has two daughters.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Arvind |first=Ayesha |title=Will strive to liberate marginalised, nurture fraternity in this diverse, beautiful country: Justice L Victoria Gowri |url=https://www.barandbench.com/news/will-strive-to-liberate-marginalised-nurture-fraternity-in-this-diverse-beautiful-country-justice-l-victoria-gowri |access-date=2023-02-07 |website=Bar and Bench - Indian Legal news |date=7 February 2023 |language=en}}</ref>

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gowri, Victoria}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian judges]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women judges]]
[[Category:Judges of the Madras High Court]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women politicians]]

{{India-law-bio-stub}}

The Greatest Rivalry: India vs Pakistan

2025-12-24T20:45:25Z

HGNJanell4801:

{{Short description|2025 Indian sports documentary series}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Infobox television
| image = The Greatest Rivalry.jpg
| caption = Promotional poster
| genre = Documentary Sports
| director = Chandradev Bhagat Stewart Sugg
| country = India
| language = Hindi English
| num_episodes = 3
| producer =
| company = Grey Matter Entertainment
| runtime = 34–40 minutes
| network = [[Netflix]]
| released = {{Start date|2025|02|07|df=y}}
}}

The '''Greatest Rivalry: India vs Pakistan''' is a 2025 Indian [[Documentary film|sports documentary]] series that premiered globally on [[Netflix]] on 7 February 2025. The three-part series traces the [[India–Pakistan cricket rivalry|cricketing rivalry]] between the [[India national cricket team|India]] and [[Pakistan national cricket team|Pakistan]], interweaving [[Stock footage|archived match footage]], interviews with former players, and commentary on the cultural and political backdrop of the contests.<ref name=BS>{{Cite web |title=India vs Pakistan: The Greatest Rivalry on Netflix—release date and cast |url=https://www.business-standard.com/cricket/champions-trophy/india-vs-pakistan-the-greatest-rivalry-on-netflix-release-date-and-cast-125020601171_1.html |publisher=Business Standard |date=6 February 2025 |access-date=24 October 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=7 February 2025 |title=Netflix's 'The Greatest Rivalry' offers a nostalgic cricketing journey |url=https://nation.com.pk/07-Feb-2025/netflix-releases-the-greatest-rivalry-india-vs-pakistan-documentary |access-date=24 October 2025 |publisher=The Nation}}</ref>

== Synopsis ==
The series presents the [[India–Pakistan cricket rivalry]] as one of the most emotionally charged and widely followed in the sport. It is structured across three episodes:

* Episode 1: Rise of the Legends – charts the emergence of leading players from both sides, setting the stage for the historic confrontations.
* Episode 2: The Battleground – focuses on the 2004 India tour of Pakistan, a landmark series in the rivalry.
* Episode 3: Making History – covers later phases including the rise of the [[Indian Premier League]] (IPL) and contemporary clashes between the two teams.

The documentary features interviews with [[Virender Sehwag]], [[Sourav Ganguly]], [[Sunil Gavaskar]], [[Shoaib Akhtar]], [[Waqar Younis]], and [[Javed Miandad]], among others.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Netflix documentary 'The Greatest Rivalry' brings cricketing legends together |url=https://www.livemint.com/sports/cricket-news/netflix-greatest-rivalry-india-vs-pakistan-ott-cricket-documentary-icc-champions-trophy-2025-11739604715498.html |publisher=Mint |date=7 February 2025 |access-date=24 October 2025}}</ref>

== Production ==
The series was directed by Chandradev Bhagat and Stewart Sugg, and produced by Grey Matter Entertainment. It was released globally as a Netflix Original on 7 February 2025.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Sports docuseries 'The Greatest Rivalry: India vs Pakistan' coming to Netflix in February 2025 |url=https://www.whats-on-netflix.com/news/sports/the-greatest-rivalry-india-vs-pakistan-sports-docuseries-coming-to-netflix-in-february-2025/ |publisher=What's on Netflix |date=5 February 2025 |access-date=24 October 2025}}</ref>

Each episode runs between 34 and 40 minutes and combines match archives with behind-the-scenes commentary and recollections from cricketing personalities.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Netflix 'The Greatest Rivalry: India vs Pakistan' release details |url=https://www.news18.com/cricket/the-greatest-rivalry-netflix-to-release-india-vs-pakistan-cricket-documentary-8799528.html |publisher=News18 |date=7 February 2025 |access-date=24 October 2025}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

== Themes ==
=== Sport and politics ===
The documentary portrays India–Pakistan matches as more than sporting contests, framing them as cultural and political events that reflect national identities and tensions.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Sourav Ganguly, Sunil Gavaskar, Sehwag, Shoaib Akhtar, Javed Miandad open up in Netflix's 'The Greatest Rivalry' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/the-greatest-rivalry-sourav-ganguly-sunil-gavaskar-virender-sehwag-shoaib-akhtar-javed-miandad-open-up-on-india-pak-cricketing-rivalry-in-netflix-documentary-9776142/ |publisher=The Indian Express |date=31 January 2025 |access-date=24 October 2025}}</ref>

=== Nostalgia ===
Critics described the series as a nostalgic revisit to the golden era of India–Pakistan cricket, particularly the 1990s and early 2000s.<ref>{{Cite news |title='The Greatest Rivalry' review: Nostalgia trip for 90s kids, but with omissions |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/the-greatest-rivalry-india-vs-pakistan-review-nostalgia-trip-for-90s-kids-but-with-few-too-many-omissions/article69198612.ece |work=The Hindu |date=7 February 2025 |access-date=24 October 2025}}</ref>

=== Iconic moments ===
The documentary revisits defining episodes such as Pakistan’s reverse swing mastery, India’s 2004 tour of Pakistan, and personal rivalries like Sehwag versus Akhtar, which have become part of cricketing folklore.<ref>{{Cite news |title='The Greatest Rivalry' on Netflix: a nostalgia-soaked trip down memory lane |url=https://english.bombaysamachar.com/top-news/the-greatest-rivalry-india-vs-pakistan-review-a-nostalgic-ride-for-90s-cricket-fans/ |publisher=Bombay Samachar |date=8 February 2025 |access-date=24 October 2025}}</ref>

== Release and reception ==
The series was released on Netflix on 7 February 2025.<ref name=BS/> Reviews were mixed. [[The Indian Express|''The Indian Express'']] gave it two out of five stars, calling it "disappointing both as a sports drama and as non-fiction storytelling," and noting the omission of some major figures like [[Sachin Tendulkar]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Naahar |first=Rohan |title='The Greatest Rivalry: India vs Pakistan' review: Netflix's nostalgia-packed docuseries lacks depth |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/the-greatest-rivalry-india-vs-pakistan-review-netflix-documentary-series-9820682/ |publisher=The Indian Express |date=8 February 2025 |access-date=24 October 2025}}</ref>

''[[Firstpost]]'' described the series as “entertaining and nostalgia-laden,” praising interviews with Sehwag and Akhtar.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Netflix's 'The Greatest Rivalry' review: Sehwag, Akhtar steal the show |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/netflixs-the-greatest-rivalry-india-vs-pakistan-review-virender-sehwag-shoaib-akhtar-take-the-cake-with-a-little-bit-of-sourav-ganguly-13860834.html |publisher=Firstpost |date=9 February 2025 |access-date=24 October 2025}}</ref>

[[The Hindu|''The Hindu'']] and [[The Telegraph (India)|''The Telegraph'']] noted that while the production values were high, the series lacked deeper analysis of the rivalry’s political undertones.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Netflix's Indo-Pak cricket documentary overdoses on nostalgia and misses free hits |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/netflixs-indo-pak-cricket-documentary-overdoses-on-nostalgia-and-misses-free-hits/cid/2082677 |publisher=The Telegraph |date=9 February 2025 |access-date=24 October 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Balachandran |first=Kanishkaa |date=2025-02-09 |title='The Greatest Rivalry: India vs Pakistan' review: Nostalgia trip for 90s kids, but with few too many omissions |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/the-greatest-rivalry-india-vs-pakistan-review-nostalgia-trip-for-90s-kids-but-with-few-too-many-omissions/article69198612.ece |access-date=2025-10-24 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

Abhishek Srivastava of ''[[The Times of India|Times of India]]'' gave it 2.5/5 and stated "the series ultimately feels incomplete. Had it explored matches from the 1970s onward, it would have felt more well-rounded, and the title would have been more fitting. As it stands, this documentary will appeal only to a niche audience, and those expecting an in-depth look at the fierce rivalry of the '70s and '80s will likely be disappointed."<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/reviews/hindi/the-greatest-rivalry-india-vs-pakistan/the-greatest-rivalry-india-vs-pakistan-season-1/seasonreview/117895206.cms |title=The Greatest Rivalry - India vs Pakistan Season 1 Review: A rushed take on an epic cricketing rivalry |last=Srivastava |first=Abhishek |last2= |last3= |last4= |last5= |first5= |access-date=2025-10-24 |via=timesofindia.indiatimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=8 February 2025 |title=Netflix docuseries 'The Greatest Rivalry' overdoes nostalgia, underexplores cricket |url=https://www.ottplay.com/review/the-greatest-rivalry-india-vs-pakistan-review-it-is-shoaib-akhtar-vs-sehwag-in-netflix-docuseries-with-one-glaring-omission/58eccdd2c0852 |access-date=24 October 2025 |publisher=OTTplay}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 February 2025 |title='The Greatest Rivalry' review: Mildly thrilling but doesn't dig deep |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/movie-review/the-greatest-rivalry-india-vs-pakistan-review-mildly-thrilling-nostalgia-soaked-documentary-that-doesnt-dig-deep-netflix-virender-sehwag-shoaib-akhtar-992 |access-date=24 October 2025 |publisher=India TV}}</ref>

== Episodes ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Episode !! Title !! Synopsis
|-
| 1 || ''Rise of the Legends'' || Chronicles the emergence of early cricket icons and the origins of the India–Pakistan rivalry.
|-
| 2 || ''The Battleground'' || Focuses on the 2004 India tour of Pakistan and the major on-field contests.
|-
| 3 || ''Making History'' || Examines the post-2000s era, including the IPL’s influence and later cricketing encounters.
|}

== See also ==
* [[India–Pakistan cricket rivalry]]
* [[List of Netflix original programming]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.netflix.com/title/81500800 The Greatest Rivalry: India vs Pakistan] on [[Netflix]]
* {{IMDb title|31561351}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Greatest Rivalry: India vs Pakistan, The}}
[[Category:Indian documentary television films]]
[[Category:2025 web series debuts]]
[[Category:Hindi-language web series]]

Alibag taluka

2025-11-26T23:44:33Z

HGNJanell4801: Started a bio initial version - done

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2017}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Alibag
| settlement_type = [[Taluka]]
| map_caption = Location of Alibag
| pushpin_map = India Maharashtra
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|18.64|N|72.88|E|display=inline,title}}
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the [[Maharashtra]] state of [[India]]
| subdivision_type = [[Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and Territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Konkan Division]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Raigad district|Raigad]]
| established_title =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Alibag]]
| parts_type = [[Administrative divisions of India|Major villages]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 =
| governing_body = Panchayat Samiti Alibag Raigad
| leader_title = [[Chairperson]]
| leader_name = Mrs. Priya Nathuram Pedhvi
| leader_title1 = [[Tehsildar]]
| leader_name1 = Mr. Sachin Shezaal
| leader_title2 = [[Maval (Lok Sabha constituency)|MP]]
| leader_name2 = [[Sunil Tatkare]] {{small|([[Raigad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Raigad Constituency]])}}
| leader_title3 = [[Alibag (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|MLA]]
| leader_name3 = [[Mahendra Dalvi]] {{small|([[Alibag (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Alibag constituency]])}}
| population_demonym = Alibagkar
| demographics_type1 = Language
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 410201
| area_code = 02141
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| registration_plate = MH-46, MH-06
| population_total = 236167
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_urban =
| population_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 1503.61
| population_density_km2 = auto
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Alibag taluka''' is a [[subdistrict]]/[[upazila]]/[[tehsil]] in [[Raigad district]] of the Indian state of [[Maharashtra]].<ref name="Prahar-Maharashtra">{{cite news|url=http://prahaar.in/prahaarhelpline/269444 |title=महाराष्ट्रातील सर्व तालुके - महाराष्ट्रातील सर्व जिल्ह्यांतील तालुके महसुली विभागांनिहाय जाणून घ्या. |language=mr |date=2014-11-27 |work=Prahar |access-date=2015-08-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722032645/http://prahaar.in/prahaarhelpline/269444 |archive-date=2015-07-22}}</ref><ref name="RaigadDistrictCollectorate-20150815">{{cite web |title=Details of Sub-Divisions, Tahasils, Villages, Circles and Sazzas in Raigad district |url=http://raigad.nic.in/htmldocs/sub_division1.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160614080045/http://raigad.nic.in/htmldocs/sub_division1.htm |archive-date=14 June 2016 |access-date=15 August 2015 |publisher=Raigad District Collectorate |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

==Raigad district==
As of August 2015, there were 8 sub-divisions, 15 talukas, 1970 villages, 60 revenue circles and 350 sazzas in Raigad district. The talukas being Alibag, [[Karjat taluka, Raigad|Karjat]], [[Khalapur taluka|Khalapur]], [[Mahad taluka|Mahad]], [[Mangaon taluka|Mangaon]], [[Mhasala taluka|Mhasala]], [[Murud taluka|Murud]], [[Panvel taluka|Panvel]], [[Pen taluka|Pen]], [[Poladpur taluka|Poladpur]], [[Roha taluka|Roha]], [[Shrivardhan taluka|Shrivardhan]], [[Sudhagad - Pali taluka|Sudhagad Pali]], [[Tala taluka|Tala]] and [[Uran taluka|Uran]].<ref name="RaigadDistrictCollectorate-20150815" />

== Demographics ==

{{bar box
|title=Religions in Alibag taluk (2011)<ref name="Religion">{{Cite web|date=2011|title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: Maharashtra |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11382/download/14495/DDW27C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#FCD116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Maharashtra|Hinduism]]|darkorange|93.82}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in Maharashtra|Islam]]|green|3.66}}
{{bar percent|[[Marathi Buddhists|Buddhism]]|mediumblue|1.29}}
{{bar percent|[[Jainism in Maharashtra|Jainism]]|pink|0.69}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.54}}
}}

Alibag taluka has a population of 236,167 according to the 2011 census. Alibag had a literacy rate of 85.92%, and a sex ratio of 980 females per 1000 males. 22,125 (9.37%) are under 7 years of age. About 41,686 (17.65%) lived in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 2.46% and 15.82% of the population respectively.<ref name="census2011">{{cite web |title=District Census Hand Book – Raigad |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/822/download/36165/DH_2011_2724_PART_A_DCHB_RAIGARH.pdf |website=[[Census of India]] |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

{{Pie chart
|thumb = left
|caption = Languages of Alibag taluk (2011)<ref name="langs" />
|label1 = [[Marathi language|Marathi]] |value1 = 91.61 |color1 = red
|label2 = [[Hindi]] |value2 = 3.19 |color2 = orange
|label3 = [[Urdu]] |value3 = 1.50 |color3 = green
|label4 = Others |value4 = 3.70 |color4 = grey
}}

At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 91.61% of the population in the taluka spoke [[Marathi language|Marathi]], 3.19% [[Hindi]] and 1.50% [[Urdu]] as their first language.<ref name="langs">{{cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Maharashtra |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10212/download/13324/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2700.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

==Geographical indication==
[[Alibag White onion]] was awarded the [[List of geographical indications in India|Geographical Indication]] (GI) status tag from the [[Geographical Indication Registry (India)|Geographical Indications Registry]], under the [[Government of India|Union Government of India]], on 16 November 2022.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=Alibag White onion |url=https://search.ipindia.gov.in/GIRPublic/Application/Details/685 |website=Intellectual Property India |access-date=24 November 2024}}</ref>

Alibag Pandhara Kanda Shetkari Utpadak Gat from Alibag, proposed the GI registration of Alibag White onion. After filing the application in January 2020, the Onion was granted the GI tag in 2022 by the Geographical Indication Registry in [[Chennai]], making the name "Alibag White onion" exclusive to the Onion grown in the region. It thus became the second onion variety from Maharashtra after [[Lasalgaon onion]] and the 17th type of goods from Maharashtra to earn the GI tag.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Kandavel |first1=Sangeetha |title=Nine products from across country get GI tag, Kerala tops table |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/nine-products-from-across-country-get-gi-tag-kerala-tops-table/article66264105.ece |access-date=7 December 2024 |work=The Hindu |date=14 December 2022 |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Assam's Gamosa, Telangana's Tandur Redgram, Ladakh's apricot get GI tag |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/assam-s-gamosa-telangana-s-tandur-redgram-ladakh-s-apricot-get-gi-tag-122121400918_1.html |access-date=7 December 2024 |agency=Business-Standard}}</ref>

The GI tag protects the onion from illegal selling and marketing, and gives it legal protection and a unique identity.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Raigad district topics}}

[[Category:Talukas in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Talukas in Raigad district]]

{{Raigad-geo-stub}}

Gadad Andhar

2025-11-23T23:07:14Z

HGNJanell4801: Started a article...

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2024}}{{No plot|date=November 2025}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Gadad Andhar poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = Pradnyesh Ramesh Kadam
| writer = Pradnyesh Kadam Laukeek Chetan Mule<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Music and Trailer of ‘Gadad Andhar’ is released…|url=http://thetimesofbollywood.in/9427|website=The Times of Bollywood|access-date=2023-08-03}}</ref>
| screenplay =
| producer = Avadhesh Singh Chauhan Varsha Singh Chauhan Nisha Chauhan Aryan Chauhan
| starring = {{plainlist|
*Neha Mahajan
*Jay Dudhane
*Shubhangi Tambale
*Akash Kumbhar
*Arti Shinde
}}
| cinematography = Venkat Prasad
| editing = Saurabh Prabhudesai
| music = Rohit Shyam Raut
| studio = Elula Future Vision PVT.LTD
| distributor = August Entertainment
| released = {{Film date|2023|02|03|df=y}}
| country = India
| language = Marathi
| budget = 
}}

'''''Gadad Andhar''''' ({{Translation|Intense Darkness}}) is a 2023 Indian [[Marathi language|Marathi]]-language [[Supernatural film|supernatural]] [[Thriller film|thriller]] film directed by Pradnyesh Kadam and produced by Elula Entertainment.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Trailer and music launched for first Marathi underwater supernatural thriller, Gadad Andhar |url=https://www.filmfestivals.com/blog/siraj_syed/trailer_and_music_launched_for_first_marathi_underwater_supernatural_thriller_gadad_andhar |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=www.filmfestivals.com }}</ref> The film was theatrically released on 3 February 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |title='Gadad Andhar' trailer: Jay Dudhane and Neha Mahajan starrer is worth waiting for- Watch |work=[[The Times of India]] |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/marathi/movies/news/gadad-andhar-trailer-jay-dudhane-and-neha-mahajan-starrer-is-worth-waiting-for-watch/articleshow/97083463.cms |access-date=2023-03-02 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== Cast ==

* [[Neha Mahajan]]
* Jay Dudhane
* Shubhangi Tambale
* Akash Kumbhar
* Aarti Shinde
* Chetan Mule
* Astha Thombare<ref>{{Cite web |last=Borade |first=Aarti Vilas |title=These actors have also played various characters in 'Gadad Andhar'. |url=https://marathi.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bigg-boss-fem-jay-dudhane-gadad-andhar-trailer-is-out-141673967604739.html |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=[[Hindustan Times|Hindustan Times Marathi]] |language=mr}}</ref>

== Release and marketing ==
=== Theatrical ===
The film was theatrically released on 3 February 2023.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Kulkarni |first=Priyanka |date=2023-01-18 |title='गडद अंधार' चा ट्रेलर झाला रिलीज; चित्रपट 'या' दिवशी येणार प्रेक्षकांच्या भेटीस |url=https://marathi.abplive.com/entertainment/bollywood/gadad-andhar-trailer-release-jay-dudhane-neha-mahajan-movie-1142709 |access-date=2025-03-17 |website=ABP Majha |language=mr}}</ref>

=== Marketing ===
The teaser of the film was uploaded on 20 December 2022 and trailer was on 17 January 2023 by [[Rajshri Productions|Rajshree productions]] and [[Zee Music Company]] on [[YouTube]].<ref name=":0" /> The film was marketed as 'first underwater [[supernatural fiction]] film in [[Marathi cinema]]'.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-18 |title=Have you seen the trailer of 'Gadad Andhar', the first Marathi movie to show the underwater world? |url=https://www.lokmat.com/marathi-cinema/marathi-movie-gadad-andhar-trailer-released-got-huge-response-a945/ |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=[[Lokmat]] |language=mr-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Walanj |first=Shweta |date=2023-01-18 |title=‘मला कोणीतरी स्वतःकडे खेचतंय…’, गडद अंधार सिनेमाचा थरारक ट्रेलर |url=https://www.tv9marathi.com/entertainment/gadad-andhar-official-trailer-viral-on-social-media-au208-856277.html |access-date=2023-01-19 |website=TV9 Marathi |language=mr}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
{{Infobox album
| name = Gadad Andhar
| type = soundtrack
| artist = Rohit Shyam Raut
| released = 19 January 2023
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = 12:03
| language = [[Marathi language|Marathi]]
| label = [[Zee Music Company]]
| misc = {{external music video| header = Official audio
|{{YouTube|8yFSRU|Gadad Andhar - Full Album}}
}}
}}
Music is composed by [[Rohit Raut|Rohit Shyam Raut]] and background score is by Adinath Patkar.
{{Track listing
| all_music = Rohit Shyam Raut
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer (s)
| title1 = Dariya
| length1 = 3:15
| lyrics1 = Abhishek Khankar
| extra1 = Rohit Shyam Raut
| title2 = Angai
| length2 = 3:37
| lyrics2 = Abhishek Khankar
| extra2 = Julee Joglekar Raut
| title3 = Raya
| length3 = 5:09
| lyrics3 = Rohit Shyam Raut
| extra3 = [[Divya Kumar (singer)|Divya Kumar]]
| total_length = 12:03
}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|id=24803636}}

[[Category:2023 films]]
[[Category:2023 thriller films]]
[[Category:Marathi-language thriller films]]
[[Category:Marathi-language supernatural horror films]]

{{Marathi-film-stub}}

Fayd al-Bari

2025-11-17T00:36:17Z

HGNJanell4801: Started new data

{{Short description|Book by Anwar Shah Kashmiri}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox book
| name = Fayd al-Bari ala Sahih al-Bukhari
| image = Cover of Fayd al-Bari ala Sahih al-Bukhari.jpg
| caption = Arabic cover
| author = [[Anwar Shah Kashmiri]]
| title_orig = فیض الباری علی صحیح البخاری
| orig_lang_code = ar
| country = British India
| language = Arabic
| subject = ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari]]''
| genre = Commentary
| media_type = Print
| oclc = 47942184
| dewey = 297.125
| congress = BP135.A128 S46
| published = 1938
| editor = [[Badr-e-Alam Mirati]]
}}
'''''Fayd al-Bari ala Sahih al-Bukhari''''' ({{langx|ar|فیض الباری علی صحیح البخاری}}) is a four-volume Arabic commentary on ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari]]'' compiled by [[Badre Alam Merathi]], based on the lectures and teachings of his teacher, [[Anwar Shah Kashmiri]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Razzaq |first1=Muhammad Abdul |last2=Lakhvi |first2=Muhammad Hammad |date=2020 |title=Methodology of Qur'anic Interpretation in Faiḍ al-bārī by Anwar Shah Kashmīrī: A Research Study |url=https://www.ahbabtrust.org/ojs/index.php/jicc/article/view/105 |journal=Journal of Islamic Civilization and Culture |language=en |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=290–322 |doi=10.46896/jicc.v3i01.105 |doi-broken-date=12 July 2025 |issn=2707-6903 |access-date=8 June 2023 |archive-date=25 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221025195702/https://www.ahbabtrust.org/ojs/index.php/jicc/article/view/105 |url-status=live }}</ref> It offers detailed explanations, interpretations, and discussions of the Hadiths found in ''Sahih al-Bukhari''. This commentary covers various aspects, including the biography of [[Muhammad al-Bukhari]], the methodology and conditions of compiling ''Sahih al-Bukhari'', the narrators of the Hadiths, the connections between chapter headings and the Hadiths within them, discussions on beliefs ([[Aqidah|aqaid]]), and attempts to derive legal rulings ([[fiqh]]) from the Hadiths. Additionally, the work includes a lengthy introduction by [[Yusuf Banuri]], which provides insights into the biography of Anwar Shah Kashmiri.<ref name=":DUOB">{{Cite thesis |last=Kaleem |first=Mohd |title=Contribution of Old boys of Darul uloom Deoband in Hadith Literature |publisher=Department of Sunni Theology, [[Aligarh Muslim University]] |year=2017 |location=India |language=ur |hdl=10603/364028 |type=PhD |pages=336|url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/364028 |access-date=24 October 2023 |archive-date=24 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024044219/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/364028 |url-status=live}}</ref>

== Background ==
Badr-e-Alam Mirati was born in Bidayu, [[South India]], in 1898. In 1947, he migrated to Pakistan and later relocated to [[Medina]], Saudi Arabia, where he died in 1965. At the age of 14, he commenced his studies at [[Mazahir Uloom]], Saharanpur, India. In 1918, he achieved the status of an Islamic scholar (alim) and taught in Saharanpur for two years. Subsequently, he enrolled at [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] to specialize in Hadith, where he studied under the guidance of Anwar Shah Kashmiri for four years. When Anwar Shah Kashmiri relocated from Deoband to [[Jamia Islamia Talimuddin]], Dhabel in 1927, Badr-e-Alam Mirati also moved there and dedicated five years to teaching.{{Sfn|Osman|2001|p=103}}<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Khatoon |first=Aaisha |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/364027 |title=Aazadi ke Baad Hindustan ki Khidmaat e Hadith |publisher=Department of Sunni Theology, [[Aligarh Muslim University]] |year=2017 |location=India |language=urdu |type=PhD |hdl=10603/364027 |page=91 |access-date=2023-10-24 |archive-date=2023-10-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024064943/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/364027 |url-status=live }}</ref> During his time as a student and teacher, Mirati undertook the task of transcribing Anwar Shah Kashmiri's commentary on ''Sahih al-Bukhari''. Later, he requested Anwar Shah Kashmiri to review and revise the manuscript. The manuscript, titled ''Fayd al-Bari ala Sahih al-Bukhari'', was eventually published by Maba'ah al-Hijazi in [[Cairo]] under the auspices of Majlis-i-'Ilmi, with funding from Jam'iyat Ulama Transvaal in Fordsburg, South Africa.<ref>{{Cite thesis |title=Life and works of 'Allamah Muhammad Anwar Shah Kashmiri |url=https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/6384 |date=2001 |degree=PhD |language=en |first=Yunoos |last=Osman |publisher=[[University of Durban-Westville]] |page=104 |hdl=10413/6384 |access-date=8 June 2023 |archive-date=27 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227203617/https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/6384 |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Features ==
The commentary provides detailed information about the narrators (isnad) mentioned in ''Sahih al-Bukhari''. It offers biographical sketches of the narrators, discussing their background, reliability, and scholarly contributions. This helps readers understand the context and authenticity of the hadiths. Moreover, it goes beyond the text of ''Sahih al-Bukhari'' by extensively covering the chapter headings. It explains the relationship between the headings and the hadiths within, providing additional insights into the organization and thematic coherence of the book.{{Sfn|Osman|2001|p=105}}<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Kamal |first=Mohd Arif |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/364940 |title=Ulema e Hind ki Bisween Sadi Nisf Awwal mein Khidmat e Hadith Tanquidi Mutala |publisher=Department of Sunni Theology, [[Aligarh Muslim University]] |year=2020 |location=India |language=ur |type=PhD |pages=116–120 |hdl=10603/364940 |access-date=26 October 2023 |archive-date=1 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101061946/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/364940 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The commentary delves into discussions on beliefs (aqaid), highlighting the importance of sound Islamic theology. It addresses theological concepts and clarifies any potential misunderstandings or misconceptions, ensuring that readers gain a proper understanding of Islamic faith. Additionally, it sometimes compares the hadiths in ''Sahih al-Bukhari'' with other relevant sources of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh). This allows the commentary to extract fiqh rulings from the hadith, providing practical guidance and insights into the application of Islamic law.{{Sfn|Osman|2001|p=107}}

== Reception ==
According to Syrian scholar [[Abd al-Fattah Abu Ghudda]], it was stated that this book is replete with abundant knowledge that cannot be found in the previous commentaries of ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari]]''.<ref name=":TLOUD">{{Cite book |last1=Kajee |first1=Imraan |url=https://spirituallight.co.za/node/141 |title=The legacy of the Ulama of Deoband |last2=Kajee |first2=Moosa |publisher=Spiritual Light |isbn=979-8861344210 |year=2018 |location=South Africa |pages=45 |language=en |access-date=7 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200925151938/http://spirituallight.co.za/node/141 |archive-date=25 September 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[Deobandi hadith studies]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}
* {{Cite book |last=Adrawi |first=Asir |author-link=Nizamuddin Asir Adrawi |url=https://archive.org/download/Maktaba-Maulana-Nizamuddin-Aseer-Adravi-Sahib/Dabistan-i-Deoband-Ki-Ilmi-Khidmaat.pdf |title=Dabistan-i Deoband ki Ilmi Khidmaat |publisher=Darulmuaallifeen |year=1995 |location=Deoband, UP, India |language=ur |oclc=47964786 |pages=62–63}}

== External links ==
* [[iarchive:FaizUlBari|''Fayd al-Bari ala Sahih al-Bukhari'']] at [[Internet Archive]]
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Deobandi hadith literature]]
[[Category:Books by Anwar Shah Kashmiri]]
[[Category:Islamic literature]]
[[Category:Sunni literature]]
[[Category:Arabic-language books]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian books]]
[[Category:Indian non-fiction books]]
[[Category:Indian religious texts]]
[[Category:Books by Badre Alam Merathi]]
[[Category:Commentaries on Sahih al-Bukhari]]

New Ministers' Hill Ward

2025-10-10T13:09:08Z

HGNJanell4801: started a article

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement

| name = New Ministers' Hill Ward
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[Ward (electoral subdivision)|Ward]]
| established_title = Incorporated
| established_date =
| image_skyline =
| imagesize =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_map =
| mapsize =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Nagaland
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Nagaland, India
| coordinates = {{coord|25.650735|N|94.097593|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Nagaland]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of urban centres in Nagaland|City]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kohima]]
| parts_type =
| parts_style = para
| p1 =
| government_type =
| leader_title = Chairman
| leader_name =
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_footnotes =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_density_km2 =
| blank_name_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| footnotes =
}}

'''New Ministers' Hill Ward''' is a ward located under [[Nagaland]]'s capital city, [[Kohima]]. The ward falls under the designated Ward No. 15 of the [[Kohima Municipal Council]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kmc.nagaland.gov.in/map.html|title=Map of Kohima/ wards and colonies|publisher=[[Kohima Municipal Council]]|access-date=1 December 2021|archive-date=28 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210728210828/https://kmc.nagaland.gov.in/map.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Education==
'''Educational Institutions in New Ministers' Hill Ward:'''
* Little Flower Higher Secondary School
* Mount Sinai Higher Secondary School

==See also==
* [[Municipal Wards of Kohima]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://kmc.nagaland.gov.in/map15.html Map of Kohima Ward No. 15]

[[Category:Kohima]]
[[Category:Wards of Kohima]]

{{India-geo-stub}}

Kisan Sabha (1919-1922)

2025-07-15T06:47:20Z

HGNJanell4801: fixed intro

#REDIRECT [[Kisan Sabha movement (1919–1922)]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from move}}
}}

Siegfried Goldschmidt

2025-06-11T14:03:27Z

HGNJanell4801: put up stub

{{Short description|German Indologist (1844–1884)}}
{{for|the Danish businessman|Sigfred Goldschmidt}}
{{Infobox academic
| name=Siegfried Goldschmidt
| image=Siegfried Goldschmidt.png
| image_size=
| caption=
| birth_name=Siegfried Samson Goldschmidt
| birth_date={{birth date|1844|10|29|df=y}}
| birth_place=[[Kassel|Cassel]], [[Grand Duchy of Hesse|Hesse]], [[German Confederation]]
| death_date={{death date and age|1884|01|31|1844|10|29|df=y}}
| death_place=[[Strasbourg|Strasburg]], [[Alsace–Lorraine]], [[German Empire]]
| burial_place={{ill|Kassel Jewish Cemetery|de|Jüdischer Friedhof Kassel}}
| spouse=Anna Meyer
| alma_mater = [[University of Tübingen]]
| thesis_title = Der VII{{sup|te}} Prapâṭhaka des Sâmaveda-Ârcika in der Naigeya-Çakhâ Nebst Andern Mitteilungen über Dieselbe
| thesis_url =
| thesis_year = 1868
| doctoral_advisor = [[Rudolf von Roth]]{{r|knuppel}}
| academic_advisors =
| influences =
| discipline = [[Indology]]
| workplaces = [[University of Strasbourg|University of Strasburg]]
| doctoral_students =
| notable_students =
| main_interests =
| notable_works =
| influenced =
| signature =
}}
'''Siegfried Samson Goldschmidt''' (29 October 1844 – 31 January 1884) was a German [[Indology|Indologist]]. His interest was centered upon [[Prakrit]] grammar and vocabulary, and his articles formed valuable contributions to the investigation of [[middle Indo-Aryan languages]].

==Biography==
Siegfried Goldschmidt was born in [[Kassel|Cassel]], Germany, the youngest child of [[Jews|Jewish]] court banker Philipp Samson Goldschmidt and his wife Minna ({{nee|Hertz}}).{{r|karttunen}} After Philipp's death in 1846, Goldschmidt's mother married {{ill|Jeremias Rothfels|qid=Q55846112}}, with whom she had one child, lawyer {{ill|Max Rothfels|de}} (father of [[Hans Rothfels]]).

Goldschmidt was educated at the [[Gymnasium (school)|gymnasium]] in Cassel, before studying philosophy and (mostly [[Sanskrit]]) philology the [[Leipzig University|Universities of Leipzig]], [[Humboldt University of Berlin|Berlin]], and [[University of Tübingen|Tübingen]], graduating with a Ph.D. on 20 August 1867.{{r|knuppel}} His doctor's dissertation, "Der VII{{sup|te}} Prapâṭhaka des Sâmaveda-Ârcika in der Naigeya-Çakhâ Nebst Andern Mitteilungen über Dieselbe", published in the ''Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften'' (1868, pp. 228–248), was an edition of the single portion which has been preserved of the Kâuthuma recension of the [[Samaveda]]. Goldschmidt continued his studies, first at [[Göttingen]] and later in [[Paris]], where he gained a thorough mastery of the French language.{{r|klatt}}

On the outbreak of the [[Franco-Prussian War]] he returned to Germany and volunteered for military service. He took part in the [[Siege of Paris (1870–1871)|Siege of Paris]]. At the close of the war Goldschmidt was appointed [[assistant professor]] in the newly Germanified [[University of Strasbourg|University of Strasburg]], with which he was connected during the remainder of his short life. He became [[professor]] on 12 September 1881, but soon had to discontinue his teaching activities as a result of [[Pott disease|spinal tuberculosis]], which he contracted the previous summer. The illness progressed slowly until his death on 31 January 1884 at the age of 39.{{r|klatt}}

==Work==
Siegfried Goldschmidt published only fourteen academic studies, mostly short notes in [[Franz Felix Adalbert Kuhn|Kuhn]]'s ''[[Historische Sprachforschung|Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Sprachforschung]]'' and the ''[[Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft]]''. His most important work was his edition of the great Prakrit poem ascribed to [[Kalidasa|Kâlidâsa]], the ''Sêtubandhu'' ('Building of the Bridge') or ''Râvaṇavaha'' ('Death of [[Ravana]]'), which describes the construction of a bridge of boats across the [[Jhelum River|Vitasta]] by a king of [[Kashmir]].{{r|choudhuri}} This is in two volumes, the first of which comprises the text and an index of the Prakrit words, in preparing which Siegfried was assisted by his brother Paul, while the second part contains the German translation. The only other book published by this scholar was a volume of ''Prâkṛtica'', containing grammatical studies on Prakrit.{{r|JE}}

==Selected publications==
* {{cite journal|title=Der VII{{sup|te}} Prapâṭhaka des Sâmaveda-Ârcika in der Naigeya-Çâkhâ nebst andern Mitteilungen über dieselbe|url=http://opacplus.bsb-muenchen.de/title/11023311/ft/bsb10533219?page=238|journal=Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften|language=de|last=Goldschmidt|first=Siegfried|date=1868|pages=228–248}}{{r|JE}}
* {{cite book|title=Prâkṛtica|location=Strasbourg|language=de|author-mask=10|publisher=Verlag von Karl J. Trübner|date=1879|last=Siegfried|first=Goldtschmidt|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044092189752}}{{r|JE}}
* {{cite book|title=Rāvaṇavaha oder Setubandha|volume=1|location=Strasbourg|language=de|author-mask=10|publisher=Verlag von Karl J. Trübner|date=1880|last=Siegfried|first=Goldschmidt|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.$c234198}}{{r|JE}}
* {{cite book|title=Rāvaṇavaha oder Setubandha|volume=2|location=Strasbourg|language=de|author-mask=10|publisher=Verlag von Karl J. Trübner|date=1884|last=Goldtschmidt|first=Siegfried|url=https://archive.org/details/ravanavahorvan02pravuoft}}{{r|JE}}

==References==
{{Jewish Encyclopedia|article=Goldschmidt, Siegfried|url=https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/6763-goldschmidt-siegfried|first1=Isidore|last1=Singer|first2=Louis H.|last2=Gray|volume=6|page=28}}
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=JE>{{Jewish Encyclopedia|article=Goldschmidt, Siegfried|url=https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/6763-goldschmidt-siegfried|first1=Isidore|last1=Singer|first2=Louis H.|last2=Gray|volume=6|page=28|no-prescript=1}}</ref>
<ref name=karttunen>{{cite web|first=Klaus|last=Karttunen|title=Goldschmidt, Siegfried|website=Who Was Who of Indian Studies|date=2017|url=https://whowaswho-indology.info/2324/goldschmidt-siegfried/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210412031126/https://whowaswho-indology.info/2324/goldschmidt-siegfried/|archive-date=12 April 2021}}</ref>
<ref name=knuppel>{{cite journal|title=Der Indologe Siegfried S. Goldschmidt (1844–1884) – ein vergessener Sohn der Stadt Kassel|first=Michael|last=Knüppel|language=de|journal=Zeitschrift des Vereins für hessische Geschichte und Landeskunde|volume=119|date=2014|pages=171–176|url=https://www.vhghessen.de/inhalt/zhg/ZHG_119/Knueppel_Indologe_Goldschmidt.pdf}}</ref>
<ref name=klatt>{{cite journal|title=Siegfried Goldschmidt|journal=Literaturblatt für Orientalische Bibliographie|volume=1|last=Klatt|first=Johannes|date=1883–1884|pages=379–380|location=Leipzig|publisher=Otto Schulze|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.106737/page/n379/mode/2up}}</ref>
<ref name=choudhuri>{{cite book|title=An Outline of the History of Sanskrit Literature|first=Tarinicharan|last=Choudhuri|edition=2nd|publisher=C. Chatterjee & Co.|location=Calcutta|date=1916|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ltZHAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA101}}</ref>
}}

==External links==
{{commonscatinline}}

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Goldschmidt, Siegfried}}
[[Category:1844 births]]
[[Category:1884 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century German Jews]]
[[Category:German Indologists]]
[[Category:German military personnel of the Franco-Prussian War]]
[[Category:Humboldt University of Berlin alumni]]
[[Category:Jewish linguists]]
[[Category:Leipzig University alumni]]
[[Category:Linguists of Indo-Aryan languages]]
[[Category:People from Kassel]]
[[Category:Tuberculosis deaths in Germany]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Strasbourg]]
[[Category:University of Tübingen alumni]]
[[Category:19th-century deaths from tuberculosis]]

Raja Braj Dev

2025-05-31T05:05:32Z

HGNJanell4801:

[[File:Detail of a Pahari painting of a seated raja with two courtiers before him presenting a white hawk, possibly depicting Raja Brij Raj Dev of Jammu State, Punjab Hills, Jammu, ca.1760–80.jpg|thumb|Detail of a Pahari painting of a seated raja with two courtiers before him presenting a white hawk, possibly depicting Raja Brij Raj Dev of Jammu State, likely by the Nainsukh atelier, Punjab Hills, Jammu, ca.1760–80<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024 |title=Lot 131: BY A MASTER PAHARI ARTIST: A SEATED RAJA WITH TWO COURTIERS BEFORE HIM PRESENTING A WHITE HAWK |url=https://www.lyonandturnbull.com/auctions/islamic-and-indian-art-12345/lot/131 |access-date=21 October 2024 |website=Lyon & Turnbull}}</ref>]]
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2024}}
'''Raja Braj Raj Dev''' was a ruler of the [[Deva dynasty of Jammu]], [[Jamwal]] Dogras, who ruled from 1782 to 1787.{{Efn|His name is alternatively rendered as 'Raja Brij Raj Dev' and he is also known as 'Raja Brij Lal Dev'.|group=note}} He was a ruler, but failed to stop [[Sikhs|Sikh]] invasions in [[Jammu]]. In 1785, the Sikhs occupied [[Basholi]], [[Jasrota]], and [[Ramnagar, Udhampur|Ramnagar]]. The [[Battle of Jammu (1774)]] was fought between him and [[Ranjit Dev]].{{sfn|Singh|2010|p=99}}{{sfn|Siṅgha|1993|p=153}}{{sfn|Gupta|1999|p=215}}

==Death==
Two years later, In 1787, Raja Braj Dev tried to recover his territories from the [[Sikhs]], but he was killed<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kugq3wEh-W4C&q=Raja+jit+Singh+jammu+sikh&pg=PA29|title=Pahāṛi Styles of Indian Murals|last1=Charak|first1=Sukh Dev Singh|last2=Billawaria|first2=Anita K.|date=1998|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=9788170173564|pages=29|language=en}}</ref><ref name=Encyclopedia>{{Cite book|author=Harbans Singh|url=https://archive.org/details/TheEncyclopediaOfSikhism-VolumeIvS-z/page/194/mode/2up|title=The Encyclopedia Of Sikhism - Volume IV S-Z|date=1992|pages=194}}</ref> in the Battle of Rumal,<ref name="Gupta">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.IvTheSikhCommonwealthOrRiseAndFallOfSikh/page/n349/mode/2up?q=1772|title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. IV The Sikh Commonwealth Or Rise And Fall Of Sikh Misls|author=Hari Ram Gupta|date=1982|pages=339–340}}</ref> with the combined forces of Sikhs Sardars of [[Sukerchakia Misl]] and [[Bhangi Misl]].<ref name=":0">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.12482/page/n41/mode/2up|title=Indian Conquest of the Himalayan Territories|author=Sukhdev Singh Charak|date=1978|pages=37}}</ref> He was succeeded by Raja Sampuran Singh, who surrendered to the Sikhs.<ref name=Encyclopedia/><ref>{{cite book |last=Singh |first=Dalbir |date=2010 |url=https://archive.org/details/RiseGrowthAndFallOfTheBhangiMisal/page/n139/mode/2up |title=Rise, Growth And Fall Of Bhangi Misal |ref=DalbirSingh2010}}</ref>

== Notes ==
{{Reflist|group=note}}

==References==
<references />

==Sources==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Gupta |first=Hari Ram |date=1999 |publisher=[[Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers]] |isbn=9788121501651 |edition=3rd, illustrated |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S1wwAQAAIAAJ&q=Jammu+Jhanda |title=History Of The Sikhs: The Sikh Commonwealth Or Rise And Fall Of Sikh Misls, Vol. IV}}
* {{cite book |last=Singh |first=Dalbir |date=2010 |url=https://archive.org/details/RiseGrowthAndFallOfTheBhangiMisal/page/n139/mode/2up |title=Rise, Growth And Fall Of Bhangi Misal }}
* {{cite book |last=Siṅgha |first=Bhagata |date=1993 |publisher=Publication Bureau, [[Punjabi University]] |location=Punjab (India) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BihuAAAAMAAJ |title=A History of the Sikh Misals }}
{{refend}}

[[Category:18th-century Indian monarchs]]

{{India-royal-stub}}

Gold Spot

2025-05-28T14:58:21Z

HGNJanell4801: Started a details

{{Short description|India based carbonated soft drink brand}}
{{About|the soft drink|the Gold Spot moth|Plusia festucae|the band|Goldspot}}
{{Infobox beverage
| name = Gold Spot
| image = [[Image:Goldspot.png]]
| caption = Gold Spot logo
| type = [[Orange soft drink]]
| abv =
| proof =
| manufacturer = [[Parle Bisleri]]
| distributor =
| origin = [[India]]
| introduced = 1952
| discontinued = 2000
| colour = [[Orange (colour)|Orange]]
| flavour = [[Orange (fruit)|Orange]]
| ingredients =
| variants =
| related =
| website =
}}

'''Gold Spot''' was an artificially orange-flavored [[carbonated]] [[soft drink]] created by [[Parle Products]], introduced in 1952. It was named after the company's successful Parle Gold Star peppermint product and was popular with kids.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Anand |first1=Vijay |title=Gold Spot – The Uncola Which Had A Zing |url=https://onlykutts.com/index.php/2023/01/25/gold-spot-the-uncola-which-had-a-zing/ |website=Onlykutts |date=25 January 2023 |access-date=7 December 2023}}</ref> Gold Spot went over to [[Parle Bisleri]] as part of family partitions of the business.

[[File:Gold Spot Drink.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Gold Spot glass bottle]]

In 1993, [[Parle Bisleri]] sold Gold Spot along with [[Thums Up]], [[Limca]], [[Citra (India)|Citra]] and [[Maaza]] to [[The Coca-Cola Company]], which had just relaunched in the Indian market, reportedly for $40 million.<ref name=re95>{{cite news|title=Coke uncorks war of words with partner|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=OPghAAAAIBAJ&sjid=KqIFAAAAIBAJ&pg=3788,3306680&dq=|access-date=22 February 2012|newspaper=[[Reading Eagle]]|date=8 January 1995}}</ref> In spite of its wide popularity, Gold Spot was withdrawn by Coke from the market in order to re-make space for Coca-Cola's [[Fanta]] brand.<ref name=etnov11>{{cite news|title=From household names to forgotten history: Story of India's grand old brands such as Binaca, Dalda & Moti Soaps|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-11-28/news/30450336_1_swiss-heritage-brand-bunge-india-oral-care-brand/2|access-date=22 February 2012|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=28 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305082120/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-11-28/news/30450336_1_swiss-heritage-brand-bunge-india-oral-care-brand/2|archive-date=2016-03-05}}</ref>

Gold Spot's advertising slogans included "Livva Little Hot, Sippa Gold Spot"<ref>{{cite news|title=Soft-Drink War Between Coca-Cola and 'Gold Spot' Bubbles in an Anti-American Atmosphere in India|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1971/08/08/archives/softdrink-war-between-cocacola-and-gold-spot-bubbles-in-an.html=|access-date=25 April 2024|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=8 August 1971}}</ref> and "The Zing Thing".

==In popular culture==
The [[Los Angeles]]–based band [[Goldspot]] is supposed to be named after this fizzy drink. Band member [[Siddhartha Khosla]] stated in an interview that Gold Spot was very popular in India at the time.<ref name=etfeb08>{{cite news|title=Band Goldspot to perform at Johnnie Walker One Tree Music Festival|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2008-02-06/news/27713872_1_indian-culture-band-mates-tally|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512095509/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2008-02-06/news/27713872_1_indian-culture-band-mates-tally|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 12, 2013|access-date=22 February 2012|newspaper=[[The Economic Times]]|date=6 February 2008}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Citrus sodas}}
{{Coca-Cola brands}}

[[Category:Indian brands]]
[[Category:Drink brands]]
[[Category:Coca-Cola brands]]
[[Category:Indian drink brands]]
[[Category:Defunct brands]]

Parsvanatha ayagapata

2025-05-25T23:33:17Z

HGNJanell4801: started details

{{short description|Jain ayagapata from Kankali Tila near Mathura}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Infobox artifact
|name = Pārśvanātha Āyāgapaṭa
|image = [[File:Parsvanatha ayagapata, Mathura circa 15 CE.jpg|250px]]
|image_caption = Pārśvanātha āyāgapaṭa, a tablet of homage to [[Parshvanatha]], the 23th [[Tirthankara]] of [[Jainism]]
|material = Red sandstone
|size = {{convert|86|by|94|cm}}
|writing =
|created = circa 15 CE
| type = [[Ayagapata]]
| classification = [[Jain art]]
|period = [[Northern Satraps]]
|place = [[Kankali Tila]], [[Mathura]], [[India]].
|discovered_coords =27°36′00″N 77°39′00″E
| discovered_date = January 1891
|location = [[State Museum Lucknow]]
| map =
{{Location map
| India
| width = 300px
| float = center
| border =
| caption =
| alt =
| relief = yes
| AlternativeMap =
| overlay_image =
| label = [[Kankali Tila]], [[Mathura]], (Discovery)
| label_size =
| position =
| background =
| mark =
| marksize =
| link =
| lat_deg = 27.491389
| lon_deg = 77.673889
}}
|id =
|registration =
}}

The '''Pārśvanātha āyāgapaṭa''', is a large stone slab discovered in [[Kankali Tila|Kankali]] (area of [[Mathura]]) which has an image of [[Parshvanatha]], dating back to reign [[Sodasa]], of [[Indo-Scythian]] [[Northern Satrap]], the ruler [[Sodasa]] in Mathura.{{sfn|Quintanilla|2007|p=200}} The tablet in the [[State Museum Lucknow]] (room J.253).{{sfn|Mishra|1999|p=163}}{{sfn|Quintanilla|2007|p=406}} It is an important example of [[Mathura art]].

==Description==
[[File:Jina Parsvanatha ayagapata, Mathura circa 15 CE.jpg|thumb|left|Image of Parshvanatha flanked by two monks in the centre of ayagapata]]

This votive tablet, which is essentially an [[ayagapata]], though not so called, represents an image of [[Parshvanatha]] in the center surrounded by a bunches of lotus.{{sfn|Quintanilla|2000|p=106}} Parshvanatha is depicted in [[lotus position]] seated on a pedestal with a seven-hooded [[sesha]] hood above his head.{{sfn|Smith|1901|p=17}} The iconography flanked by two ''ardhaphalaka monks'' with ''colapatta'' draped over left arms, with their hands in ''[[añjali mudrā]]''.{{sfn|Quintanilla|2007|p=131}}{{sfn|Sethia|2004|p=211}} Similar to ''Dhanamitra ayagapata'', Parshvanatha is in [[Mudra#Dhyāna Mudrā|dhyāna mudrā]] with ankle crossed in [[lotus position|padmasana position]] and [[shrivatsa]] on the chest.{{sfn|Vyas|Shah|1995|p=16}}{{sfn|Shah|1987|p=171}} The moulding of sawtooth design below the pedestal on which ''Jina'' is seated is considered to be a version of [[Mount Meru]] type of pedestal, which underscores ''Jina'' seated on the axis of the world.{{sfn|Quintanilla|2007|p=123}}

Surrounding the central circle in a larger concentric ring with four [[nandavarta]], between each interstice of nandavarta is a half-opened lotus flanked by two smaller buds. In four spandrels there are carvings of different motifs namely an elephant frolicking with lotuses, a seated lion, honeysuckle, and rearing gryphons with lotus in their mouth. There is a carving of a grapevine growing out of a pot at the median on the left border.{{sfn|Quintanilla|2007|p=123}}

== Inscription ==
The inscription at the base is much mutilated. The characters are of an archaic type before the Kushan era.{{sfn|Smith|1901|p=17}} What is left of the record reads as follows:
{{blockquote|
Namo arahaňtânâ Sivagho[shaka] sa bhari[yá] ... nâ ... nâ

"Adoration to the Arhats! .... the wife of Sivaghoshaka ...."
|Inscription of the Parsvanatha ayagapata (Translation by [[Alois Anton Führer]]){{sfn|Burgess|Führer|1894|p=207}}
}}

== Date ==
The Parsvanatha ayagapata was originally dated back to 1st century BCE by [[Georg Bühler|Bühler]].{{sfn|Smith|1901|p=5}} However, was later identified by Quintanilla to be datable to {{circa|15}} CE during the reign [[Sodasa]], of [[Indo-Scythian]] [[Northern Satrap]], the ruler [[Sodasa]] in Mathura.{{sfn|Quintanilla|2007|p=200}}{{sfn|Quintanilla|2007|p=406}}{{sfn|Obbink|1949|p=244}}

== See also ==
* [[Kankali Tila tablet of Sodasa]]
* [[Jain stupa]]
* [[Lohanipur torso]]

==References==
===Citations===
{{reflist|23em}}

===Sources===
{{refbegin|30em}}
* {{cite book |last1=Burgess |first1=James | author-link1=James Burgess (archaeologist) | last2=Führer | first2=A. | author-link2=Alois Anton Führer |title=Epigraphia Indica | volume=2 |date=1894 |publisher=Superintendent, Government Press | location=Calcutta |url={{Google books|2pZEAQAAMAAJ|page=207|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} |language=en }}
* {{cite book |last=Mishra |first=P. K. |title=Studies in Hindu and Buddhist Art |date=1999 |publisher=Abhinav Publications |url={{Google books|AqSAQpCOifoC|page=163|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | isbn=9788170173687 }}
* {{citation |last=Shah |first=Umakant Premanand |author-link=Umakant Premanand Shah |title=Jaina-rūpa-maṇḍana: Jaina iconography |url={{Google books|m_y_P4duSXsC|page=171|plainurl=yes}} |date=1987 |publisher=Abhinav Publications |isbn=978-81-7017-208-6 }}
* {{cite book |last=Sethia |first=Tara |title=Ahimsā, Anekānta, and Jainism | volume=21 | series=Lala Sunder Lal Jain research series |date=2004 |publisher=[[Motilal Banarsidass]] |url={{Google books|QYdlKv8wBiYC|page=211|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | isbn=9788120820364 }}
* {{cite book |last=Smith |first=Vincent A. | author-link=Vincent Arthur Smith |title=Jain Stupa and other antiquitie |date=1901 |publisher=Superintendent, Government Press | volume=20 | location=Allahabad |url=https://ignca.gov.in/Asi_data/21585.pdf |language=en }}
* {{cite book |last=Obbink |first=Hendrik Willem |title=Orientalia Rheno-traiectina | volume=2 |date=1949 |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |url={{Google books|0t8UAAAAIAAJ|page=244|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} |language=en }}
* {{cite book |last=Quintanilla |first=Sonya Rhie |title=History of Early Stone Sculpture at Mathura: Ca. 150 BCE - 100 CE |date=2007 |publisher=[[Brill Publishers]] |isbn=9789004155374 |url={{Google books|X7Cb8IkZVSMC|page=|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} |language=en}}
* {{cite journal | last=Quintanilla | first=Sonya Rhie | title=Āyāgapaṭas: Characteristics, Symbolism, and Chronology | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3249941 | journal=[[Artibus Asiae]] | volume=60 | issue=1 | year=2000 | pages=79–137 | doi=10.2307/3249941 | jstor=3249941 | access-date=20 April 2022| url-access=subscription }}
* {{cite book | last1=Vyas | first1=R. T. | last2=Shah | first2=Umakant Premanand |author-link2=Umakant Premanand Shah | url={{Google books|fETebHcHKogC|page=16|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} | title=Studies in Jaina Art and Iconography and Allied Subjects in Honour of Dr. U.P. Shah | publisher=Abhinav Publications | date=1995 | isbn=9788170173168 }}
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{commons category-inline|Parsvanatha ayagapata}}

{{Jainism topics|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Mathura art]]
[[Category:Jain art]]

Kanchanben Radadiya

2025-03-20T00:22:09Z

HGNJanell4801: adding details - done

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2024}}

'''Kanchanben Vinubhai Radadiya''' (born 1968)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Kanchanben Vinubhai Radadiya(Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP)):Constituency- THAKKARBAPA NAGAR(AHMEDABAD) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://www.myneta.info/Gujarat2022/candidate.php?candidate_id=6256 |access-date=2024-12-20 |website=www.myneta.info}}</ref> is an Indian politician from [[Gujarat]]. She is a member of the [[Gujarat Legislative Assembly]] from Thakkarbapa Nagar Assembly constituency in [[Ahmedabad district]]. She won the [[2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election]] representing the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Live |first=A. B. P. |date=2022-12-08 |title=Thakkarbapa Nagar Election 2022 Final Results LIVE: BJP Candidate KANCHANBEN VINUBHAI RADADIYA wins from Thakkarbapa Nagar , Details Inside |url=https://news.abplive.com/elections/thakkarbapa-nagar-election-result-2022-live-updates-constituency-vote-counting-result-winner-loser-tally-bjp-congress-aap-gujarat-assembly-election-result-news-1568144 |access-date=2024-12-20 |website=news.abplive.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-12-09 |title=Gujarat Election Results 2022: Full list of winners & constituencies |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/gujarat-election-results-2022-full-list-of-winners-constituencies/articleshow/96105904.cms |access-date=2024-12-20 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Gujarat Election Result 2022: Constituency Wise Winning Candidates List |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/gujarat-election-results-2022-constituency-wise-winning-candidates-list |access-date=2024-12-20 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Radadiya is from [[Thakkar Bapanagar|Thakkarbapa Nagar]], Ahmedabad district, Gujarat. She married Vinubhai Radadiya. She passed Class 10 at Shri Pragya Vinay Mandir, Mota Mandvada, in 1986.<ref name=":0" />

== Career ==
Radadiya won from [[Thakkarbapa Nagar Assembly constituency]] representing Bharatiya Janata Party in the 2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election. She polled 89,409 votes and defeated her nearest rival, Vijaykumar Brahmabhatt of the [[Indian National Congress]], by a margin of 63,799 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thakkarbapa Nagar Election Result 2022 LIVE Updates: Kanchanben Vinubhai Radadiya Of BJP Wins |url=https://www.news18.com/news/elections/thakkarbapa-nagar-election-result-2022-live-updates-winner-loser-leading-trailing-mla-margin-6563011.html |access-date=2024-12-20 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Election Commission of India |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenDec2022/ConstituencywiseS0648.htm?ac=48 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131164031/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenDec2022/ConstituencywiseS0648.htm?ac=48 |archive-date=31 January 2023 |access-date=2024-12-20 |website=results.eci.gov.in |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bangla |first=TV9 |title=Thakkarbapa Nagar Assembly Election Result 2022: Thakkarbapa Nagar Assembly Election Result 2022 Latest News in Bangla |url=https://tv9bangla.com/elections/gujarat-assembly-election/constituencies/thakkarbapa-nagar-election-result-06048 |access-date=2024-12-20 |website=TV9 Bangla |language=bn}}</ref>

She is the mother of Vishal Radadiya, who is the personal assistant of senior Bharatiya Janata Party leader, [[Parshottam Rupala]]. She was nominated ahead of sitting MLA, Vallabh Kakadia.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-11-18 |title=Gujarat assembly elections: Netas' personal touch through assistants |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/gujarat-assembly-elections-netas-personal-touch-through-assistants/articleshow/95593870.cms |access-date=2024-12-20 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Radadiya, Kanchanben}}
[[Category:1968 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Gujarat]]
[[Category:Gujarat MLAs 2022–2027]]
[[Category:People from Ahmedabad district]]
[[Category:Women members of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly]]

Sirwar taluk

2025-03-19T06:18:40Z

HGNJanell4801: put up a details

{{multiple issues|
{{Tone|date=December 2020}}
{{more citations needed|date=December 2020}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}{{Infobox settlement
| name = Sirwar
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = kn
| other_name = Sirawara
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Taluk
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Karnataka#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|16|10|26|N|77|1|21|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Raichur district|Raichur]]
| established_title = 
| established_date = 2017
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 450
| population_total = 15975
| population_as_of = 2001
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 =
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Kannada]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 584129
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 08538
| registration_plate = KA-36
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Sirwar''', also spelled as '''Sirawara''', is a [[taluk]] (previously a town under [[Manvi]] taluk) of the [[Raichur]] district in the state of [[Karnataka]] in [[India]]. Sirwar is one of the fastest-growing towns in Karnataka. It is famous for Paddy, Sona Mossurie Rice, and its [[litchi]], which it exports in tonnes. It is the business center of almost 30 villages across the region.

== Geography ==
Sirwar is situated in the southern part of India and the northern part of Karnataka. Karnataka [[State highway|State Highway]] 20 (also called Raichur-Bagalakote Road) passes through Sirwar and is 36 km away from the district headquarters of Raichur, approximately 500 km from Bangalore. The highway belongs to the Raichur region.

The climate of the town is hot from March to mid-June and milder for the rest of the year. The town experiences cool nights and mornings during December–January.

Notable villages of Sirwar Taluk:
* [[Madagiri]]
* Kallur
* [[Kavital]]
* [[Bagalwad]]
* Attanur
* Mallata

== History ==
The name of the Sirwar (syn. siri-war) comes from [[Siri]] in Kannada Siri-Rich Place. The town is an economically rich place. According to some, Sirwar produces the world's best-quality rice.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dir.indiamart.com/raichur/rice.html|access-date=2021-03-12|website=dir.indiamart.com|title=Rice in Raichur - Latest Price & Mandi Rates from Dealers in Raichur }}</ref>

== Food ==
The main food in the Sirwar is rice, though rotti/khadak (crispy) rotti, sajje rotti, chapathi, curries, and spicy chicken dishes are also found. Crops such as paddy, corn, cotton, pulses, and chilies are grown.

== Occupation ==
Agriculture is the main occupation, this place is being compared with Punjab, for its rich and modern agriculture. Retail and finance are also major businesses.

== Local festivities ==
There are several festivals throughout the year:
* Yellu Amavasya - The Yellu Amavasya festival is observed by farmers and is a form of thanksgiving to Mother Earth for a good harvest. An important ceremony on Yellu Amavasya day is the spraying of sesame and jaggery on agricultural lands. There is a belief that the sesame and jaggery are food for the worms in the farmland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yellu Amavasya 2022 in Karnataka |url=https://www.hindu-blog.com/2009/12/yellu-amavasi-2009-in-karnataka-ellu.html |access-date=2022-11-07}}</ref>
* rRamrRamzan
* AMBEDKAR jayanti
* CHRISTMAS
* [[Karnataka Rajyotsava]]
* [[Basava Jayanthi|Basava Jayanti]]
* [[Kanaka Dasa|Kanaka Jayanti]]
* GOOD FRIDAY
* [[Ugadi]]

==See also==

* [[Raichur]]
* [[Districts of Karnataka]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* http://Raichur.nic.in/

[[Category:Cities and towns in Raichur district]]
[[Category:Taluks of Karnataka]]
[[Category:Taluks in Raichur district]]