Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-10T14:55:43Z

Ghqlick: /*Recognition and Impact*/

{{notability|date=July 2024}}
{{Orphan|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = RG Qluck Wise
| birth_place = [[Teshie]], [[Ghana]]
| years_active = 2021–present
| occupation = [[Record producer]], [[Graphic Designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]], and [[Visual Artist]]
| genre = {{Flatlist|
* [[Hip hop]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Highlife]]
* [[Hiplife]]
}}
| death_place =
| death_date =
| origin = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2000|02|22}}
| image =
| alias = Wise
| native_name =
| birth_name = Ashong Wisdom Odai
| caption =
| alt =
| landscape =
| image_size =
| label = RG Qluck Wise
| instrument = Keyboard
| website = {{URL|rgqluckwise.art.blog}}
}}

'''Ashong Wisdom Odai''' popularly known as his stage name '''RG Qluck Wise'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-07|title=Who is RG Qluck Wise: A Talented Ghanaian Record Producer|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3277955/who-is-rg-qluck-wise-a-talented-ghanaian-record-producer|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref> is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[record producer]], [[Graphic designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-09|title=Transforming Lives Through Innovative Ideas: The RG Qluck Wise Story {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/transforming-lives-through-innovative-ideas-the-rg-qluck-wise-story/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Visual Artist]]. His journey into the music industry has been marked by a commitment to integrity and a passion for creative expression.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|title=Meet RG Qluck Wise from Greater Accra, a multitalented who believes an idea can change your life|url=https://www.prlog.org/12989919-meet-rg-qluck-wise-from-greater-accra-multitalented-who-believes-an-idea-can-change-your-life.html|access-date=2023-11-21|website=PRLog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=I'm Not Just A Record Producer I Sing Too RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107365574/Im-Not-Just-A-Record-Producer-I-Sing-Too-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Crafting Rhythms and Harmonies: The Divine Gift in Beat Production According to RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107407858/Crafting-Rhythms-and-Harmonies-The-Divine-Gift-in-Beat-Production-According-to-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
Born on February 22, 2000, in [[Teshie]], [[Greater Accra Region]] to Ashong Tetteh and Comfort Djagbley Anertey.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amdb|title=RG Qluck Wise Biography|url=https://amdb.co/artist/rg-qluck-wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=amdb.co|language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
RG Qluck Wise<ref>[https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/ RG Qluck Wise discovering fame without composing integrity]</ref> attended Teshie Anglican primary school and then proceeded to [[Presbyterian Senior High School, Osu]], where he got up interest in visual art.

==Career Transition==
While initially pursuing a career as a graphic designer, RG Qluck Wise transitioned to music production after recognizing a deeper calling. He discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]], a pivotal tool that became instrumental in shaping his musical identity.<ref>[https://menafn.com/1107378998/RG-Qluck-Wise-The-Ghanaian-Record-Producer-Who-Creates-Beats-Using-FL-Studio-Mobile RG Qluck Wise The Ghanaian Record Producer Who Creates Beats Using FL Studio Mobile]</ref>

==Musical Versatility==
RG Qluck Wise's talent extends across various music genres, including [[Hip hop]], [[Afrobeats]], [[Highlife]], and [[Hiplife]]. His versatility as a producer quickly gained attention, making him a prominent figure in the Ghanaian music scene.<ref>[https://www.openpr.com/news/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record producer]</ref>

== Discography ==

'''Songs produced'''

''Nhyira Beat''<ref>{{Cite web|date=1970-01-01|title=RG Qluck Wise - Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/reporter/post/RG-Qluck-Wise-Nhyira-Beat-138209|access-date=2023-11-21|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-10-18|title=If you haven't already heard of RG Qluck Wise and his "Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3253695/if-you-haven-t-already-heard-of-rg-qluck-wise-and-his-nhyira-beat|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Trapping''<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Trapping: Unveiling the Captivating Beat by Ghanaian Young Record Producer RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/arabic/1107374192/Trapping-Unveiling-the-Captivating-Beat-by-Ghanaian-Young-Record-Producer-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Fame''<ref>{{Cite web|title=How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record|url=https://www.openpr.com/amp/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fame by RG Qluck Wise|url=https://www.afrocharts.com/song?id=e88e8dbe9d|access-date=2023-11-21|website=Afrocharts|language=en}}</ref>

''Photizo''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-19|title=RG Qluck Wise Drops Highly-Anticipated Beat 'Photizo' {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-drops-highly-anticipated-beat-photizo/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-28|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3305258/rg-qluck-wise-unveils-captivating-hip-hop-beat-photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://menafn.com/1107493580/RG-Qluck-Wise-Unveils-Captivating-Hip-Hop-Beat-Photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Entrepreneurial Ventures==
Wise is not only a music producer but also the founder of RGQluckWise.art.blog, a platform that covers news about Ghanaian celebrities, [[entertainment]], [[politics]], [[sports]], general news, and biblical chapters and verses. This endeavor showcases his commitment to multimedia storytelling.<ref>[https://rgqluckwise.art.blog/ RGQluckWise.art.blog]</ref>

==Philosophy and Integrity==
One of the defining aspects of RG Qluck Wise's career is his unwavering commitment to integrity. In an industry often marked by compromise, Wise stands out for maintaining his values and creating music that reflects authenticity.<ref>[https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/ RG Qluck Wise discovering fame without composing integrity]</ref>

==Recognition and Impact==
RG Qluck Wise's contributions to the Ghanaian music scene have not gone unnoticed. His unique approach to music production and commitment to integrity have earned him recognition and respect from both peers and fans.<ref>[https://menafn.com/1107683178/Refusing-to-Compromise-Personal-Values-for-Fame-The-Integrity-of-RG-Qluck-Wise Refusing to Compromise Personal Values for Fame: The Integrity of RG Qluck Wise]</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* Official Website - [https://rgqluckwise.art.blog rgqluckwise.art.blog]
*[https://www.facebook.com/iamrgqluckwise Official Facebook Page]
*[https://www.twitter.com/iamqluckwise Official Twitter Profile]
*[https://t.me/rgqluckwise Official Telegram Channel]
*[[https://www.instagram.com/rg_qluckwise Official Instagram Profile]

{{Bio-stub}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian record producers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian bloggers]]
[[Category:Graphic designers]]
[[Category:Visual arts]]
[[Category:2000 births]]

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-10T14:53:58Z

Ghqlick: /*Philosophy and Integrity*/

{{notability|date=July 2024}}
{{Orphan|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = RG Qluck Wise
| birth_place = [[Teshie]], [[Ghana]]
| years_active = 2021–present
| occupation = [[Record producer]], [[Graphic Designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]], and [[Visual Artist]]
| genre = {{Flatlist|
* [[Hip hop]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Highlife]]
* [[Hiplife]]
}}
| death_place =
| death_date =
| origin = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2000|02|22}}
| image =
| alias = Wise
| native_name =
| birth_name = Ashong Wisdom Odai
| caption =
| alt =
| landscape =
| image_size =
| label = RG Qluck Wise
| instrument = Keyboard
| website = {{URL|rgqluckwise.art.blog}}
}}

'''Ashong Wisdom Odai''' popularly known as his stage name '''RG Qluck Wise'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-07|title=Who is RG Qluck Wise: A Talented Ghanaian Record Producer|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3277955/who-is-rg-qluck-wise-a-talented-ghanaian-record-producer|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref> is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[record producer]], [[Graphic designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-09|title=Transforming Lives Through Innovative Ideas: The RG Qluck Wise Story {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/transforming-lives-through-innovative-ideas-the-rg-qluck-wise-story/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Visual Artist]]. His journey into the music industry has been marked by a commitment to integrity and a passion for creative expression.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|title=Meet RG Qluck Wise from Greater Accra, a multitalented who believes an idea can change your life|url=https://www.prlog.org/12989919-meet-rg-qluck-wise-from-greater-accra-multitalented-who-believes-an-idea-can-change-your-life.html|access-date=2023-11-21|website=PRLog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=I'm Not Just A Record Producer I Sing Too RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107365574/Im-Not-Just-A-Record-Producer-I-Sing-Too-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Crafting Rhythms and Harmonies: The Divine Gift in Beat Production According to RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107407858/Crafting-Rhythms-and-Harmonies-The-Divine-Gift-in-Beat-Production-According-to-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
Born on February 22, 2000, in [[Teshie]], [[Greater Accra Region]] to Ashong Tetteh and Comfort Djagbley Anertey.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amdb|title=RG Qluck Wise Biography|url=https://amdb.co/artist/rg-qluck-wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=amdb.co|language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
RG Qluck Wise<ref>[https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/ RG Qluck Wise discovering fame without composing integrity]</ref> attended Teshie Anglican primary school and then proceeded to [[Presbyterian Senior High School, Osu]], where he got up interest in visual art.

==Career Transition==
While initially pursuing a career as a graphic designer, RG Qluck Wise transitioned to music production after recognizing a deeper calling. He discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]], a pivotal tool that became instrumental in shaping his musical identity.<ref>[https://menafn.com/1107378998/RG-Qluck-Wise-The-Ghanaian-Record-Producer-Who-Creates-Beats-Using-FL-Studio-Mobile RG Qluck Wise The Ghanaian Record Producer Who Creates Beats Using FL Studio Mobile]</ref>

==Musical Versatility==
RG Qluck Wise's talent extends across various music genres, including [[Hip hop]], [[Afrobeats]], [[Highlife]], and [[Hiplife]]. His versatility as a producer quickly gained attention, making him a prominent figure in the Ghanaian music scene.<ref>[https://www.openpr.com/news/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record producer]</ref>

== Discography ==

'''Songs produced'''

''Nhyira Beat''<ref>{{Cite web|date=1970-01-01|title=RG Qluck Wise - Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/reporter/post/RG-Qluck-Wise-Nhyira-Beat-138209|access-date=2023-11-21|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-10-18|title=If you haven't already heard of RG Qluck Wise and his "Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3253695/if-you-haven-t-already-heard-of-rg-qluck-wise-and-his-nhyira-beat|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Trapping''<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Trapping: Unveiling the Captivating Beat by Ghanaian Young Record Producer RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/arabic/1107374192/Trapping-Unveiling-the-Captivating-Beat-by-Ghanaian-Young-Record-Producer-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Fame''<ref>{{Cite web|title=How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record|url=https://www.openpr.com/amp/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fame by RG Qluck Wise|url=https://www.afrocharts.com/song?id=e88e8dbe9d|access-date=2023-11-21|website=Afrocharts|language=en}}</ref>

''Photizo''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-19|title=RG Qluck Wise Drops Highly-Anticipated Beat 'Photizo' {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-drops-highly-anticipated-beat-photizo/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-28|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3305258/rg-qluck-wise-unveils-captivating-hip-hop-beat-photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://menafn.com/1107493580/RG-Qluck-Wise-Unveils-Captivating-Hip-Hop-Beat-Photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Entrepreneurial Ventures==
Wise is not only a music producer but also the founder of RGQluckWise.art.blog, a platform that covers news about Ghanaian celebrities, [[entertainment]], [[politics]], [[sports]], general news, and biblical chapters and verses. This endeavor showcases his commitment to multimedia storytelling.<ref>[https://rgqluckwise.art.blog/ RGQluckWise.art.blog]</ref>

==Philosophy and Integrity==
One of the defining aspects of RG Qluck Wise's career is his unwavering commitment to integrity. In an industry often marked by compromise, Wise stands out for maintaining his values and creating music that reflects authenticity.<ref>[https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/ RG Qluck Wise discovering fame without composing integrity]</ref>

==Recognition and Impact==
RG Qluck Wise's contributions to the Ghanaian music scene have not gone unnoticed. His unique approach to music production and commitment to integrity have earned him recognition and respect from both peers and fans.<ref>https://menafn.com/1107683178/Refusing-to-Compromise-Personal-Values-for-Fame-The-Integrity-of-RG-Qluck-Wise</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* Official Website - [https://rgqluckwise.art.blog rgqluckwise.art.blog]
*[https://www.facebook.com/iamrgqluckwise Official Facebook Page]
*[https://www.twitter.com/iamqluckwise Official Twitter Profile]
*[https://t.me/rgqluckwise Official Telegram Channel]
*[[https://www.instagram.com/rg_qluckwise Official Instagram Profile]

{{Bio-stub}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian record producers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian bloggers]]
[[Category:Graphic designers]]
[[Category:Visual arts]]
[[Category:2000 births]]

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-10T14:51:28Z

Ghqlick: /*Entrepreneurial Ventures*/

{{notability|date=July 2024}}
{{Orphan|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = RG Qluck Wise
| birth_place = [[Teshie]], [[Ghana]]
| years_active = 2021–present
| occupation = [[Record producer]], [[Graphic Designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]], and [[Visual Artist]]
| genre = {{Flatlist|
* [[Hip hop]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Highlife]]
* [[Hiplife]]
}}
| death_place =
| death_date =
| origin = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2000|02|22}}
| image =
| alias = Wise
| native_name =
| birth_name = Ashong Wisdom Odai
| caption =
| alt =
| landscape =
| image_size =
| label = RG Qluck Wise
| instrument = Keyboard
| website = {{URL|rgqluckwise.art.blog}}
}}

'''Ashong Wisdom Odai''' popularly known as his stage name '''RG Qluck Wise'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-07|title=Who is RG Qluck Wise: A Talented Ghanaian Record Producer|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3277955/who-is-rg-qluck-wise-a-talented-ghanaian-record-producer|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref> is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[record producer]], [[Graphic designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-09|title=Transforming Lives Through Innovative Ideas: The RG Qluck Wise Story {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/transforming-lives-through-innovative-ideas-the-rg-qluck-wise-story/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Visual Artist]]. His journey into the music industry has been marked by a commitment to integrity and a passion for creative expression.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|title=Meet RG Qluck Wise from Greater Accra, a multitalented who believes an idea can change your life|url=https://www.prlog.org/12989919-meet-rg-qluck-wise-from-greater-accra-multitalented-who-believes-an-idea-can-change-your-life.html|access-date=2023-11-21|website=PRLog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=I'm Not Just A Record Producer I Sing Too RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107365574/Im-Not-Just-A-Record-Producer-I-Sing-Too-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Crafting Rhythms and Harmonies: The Divine Gift in Beat Production According to RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107407858/Crafting-Rhythms-and-Harmonies-The-Divine-Gift-in-Beat-Production-According-to-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
Born on February 22, 2000, in [[Teshie]], [[Greater Accra Region]] to Ashong Tetteh and Comfort Djagbley Anertey.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amdb|title=RG Qluck Wise Biography|url=https://amdb.co/artist/rg-qluck-wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=amdb.co|language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
RG Qluck Wise<ref>[https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/ RG Qluck Wise discovering fame without composing integrity]</ref> attended Teshie Anglican primary school and then proceeded to [[Presbyterian Senior High School, Osu]], where he got up interest in visual art.

==Career Transition==
While initially pursuing a career as a graphic designer, RG Qluck Wise transitioned to music production after recognizing a deeper calling. He discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]], a pivotal tool that became instrumental in shaping his musical identity.<ref>[https://menafn.com/1107378998/RG-Qluck-Wise-The-Ghanaian-Record-Producer-Who-Creates-Beats-Using-FL-Studio-Mobile RG Qluck Wise The Ghanaian Record Producer Who Creates Beats Using FL Studio Mobile]</ref>

==Musical Versatility==
RG Qluck Wise's talent extends across various music genres, including [[Hip hop]], [[Afrobeats]], [[Highlife]], and [[Hiplife]]. His versatility as a producer quickly gained attention, making him a prominent figure in the Ghanaian music scene.<ref>[https://www.openpr.com/news/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record producer]</ref>

== Discography ==

'''Songs produced'''

''Nhyira Beat''<ref>{{Cite web|date=1970-01-01|title=RG Qluck Wise - Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/reporter/post/RG-Qluck-Wise-Nhyira-Beat-138209|access-date=2023-11-21|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-10-18|title=If you haven't already heard of RG Qluck Wise and his "Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3253695/if-you-haven-t-already-heard-of-rg-qluck-wise-and-his-nhyira-beat|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Trapping''<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Trapping: Unveiling the Captivating Beat by Ghanaian Young Record Producer RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/arabic/1107374192/Trapping-Unveiling-the-Captivating-Beat-by-Ghanaian-Young-Record-Producer-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Fame''<ref>{{Cite web|title=How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record|url=https://www.openpr.com/amp/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fame by RG Qluck Wise|url=https://www.afrocharts.com/song?id=e88e8dbe9d|access-date=2023-11-21|website=Afrocharts|language=en}}</ref>

''Photizo''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-19|title=RG Qluck Wise Drops Highly-Anticipated Beat 'Photizo' {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-drops-highly-anticipated-beat-photizo/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-28|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3305258/rg-qluck-wise-unveils-captivating-hip-hop-beat-photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://menafn.com/1107493580/RG-Qluck-Wise-Unveils-Captivating-Hip-Hop-Beat-Photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Entrepreneurial Ventures==
Wise is not only a music producer but also the founder of RGQluckWise.art.blog, a platform that covers news about Ghanaian celebrities, [[entertainment]], [[politics]], [[sports]], general news, and biblical chapters and verses. This endeavor showcases his commitment to multimedia storytelling.<ref>[https://rgqluckwise.art.blog/ RGQluckWise.art.blog]</ref>

==Philosophy and Integrity==
One of the defining aspects of RG Qluck Wise's career is his unwavering commitment to integrity. In an industry often marked by compromise, Wise stands out for maintaining his values and creating music that reflects authenticity.<ref>https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/</ref>

==Recognition and Impact==
RG Qluck Wise's contributions to the Ghanaian music scene have not gone unnoticed. His unique approach to music production and commitment to integrity have earned him recognition and respect from both peers and fans.<ref>https://menafn.com/1107683178/Refusing-to-Compromise-Personal-Values-for-Fame-The-Integrity-of-RG-Qluck-Wise</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* Official Website - [https://rgqluckwise.art.blog rgqluckwise.art.blog]
*[https://www.facebook.com/iamrgqluckwise Official Facebook Page]
*[https://www.twitter.com/iamqluckwise Official Twitter Profile]
*[https://t.me/rgqluckwise Official Telegram Channel]
*[[https://www.instagram.com/rg_qluckwise Official Instagram Profile]

{{Bio-stub}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian record producers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian bloggers]]
[[Category:Graphic designers]]
[[Category:Visual arts]]
[[Category:2000 births]]

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-10T14:48:07Z

Ghqlick: /*Musical Versatility*/

{{notability|date=July 2024}}
{{Orphan|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = RG Qluck Wise
| birth_place = [[Teshie]], [[Ghana]]
| years_active = 2021–present
| occupation = [[Record producer]], [[Graphic Designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]], and [[Visual Artist]]
| genre = {{Flatlist|
* [[Hip hop]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Highlife]]
* [[Hiplife]]
}}
| death_place =
| death_date =
| origin = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2000|02|22}}
| image =
| alias = Wise
| native_name =
| birth_name = Ashong Wisdom Odai
| caption =
| alt =
| landscape =
| image_size =
| label = RG Qluck Wise
| instrument = Keyboard
| website = {{URL|rgqluckwise.art.blog}}
}}

'''Ashong Wisdom Odai''' popularly known as his stage name '''RG Qluck Wise'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-07|title=Who is RG Qluck Wise: A Talented Ghanaian Record Producer|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3277955/who-is-rg-qluck-wise-a-talented-ghanaian-record-producer|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref> is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[record producer]], [[Graphic designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-09|title=Transforming Lives Through Innovative Ideas: The RG Qluck Wise Story {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/transforming-lives-through-innovative-ideas-the-rg-qluck-wise-story/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Visual Artist]]. His journey into the music industry has been marked by a commitment to integrity and a passion for creative expression.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|title=Meet RG Qluck Wise from Greater Accra, a multitalented who believes an idea can change your life|url=https://www.prlog.org/12989919-meet-rg-qluck-wise-from-greater-accra-multitalented-who-believes-an-idea-can-change-your-life.html|access-date=2023-11-21|website=PRLog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=I'm Not Just A Record Producer I Sing Too RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107365574/Im-Not-Just-A-Record-Producer-I-Sing-Too-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Crafting Rhythms and Harmonies: The Divine Gift in Beat Production According to RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107407858/Crafting-Rhythms-and-Harmonies-The-Divine-Gift-in-Beat-Production-According-to-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
Born on February 22, 2000, in [[Teshie]], [[Greater Accra Region]] to Ashong Tetteh and Comfort Djagbley Anertey.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amdb|title=RG Qluck Wise Biography|url=https://amdb.co/artist/rg-qluck-wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=amdb.co|language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
RG Qluck Wise<ref>[https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/ RG Qluck Wise discovering fame without composing integrity]</ref> attended Teshie Anglican primary school and then proceeded to [[Presbyterian Senior High School, Osu]], where he got up interest in visual art.

==Career Transition==
While initially pursuing a career as a graphic designer, RG Qluck Wise transitioned to music production after recognizing a deeper calling. He discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]], a pivotal tool that became instrumental in shaping his musical identity.<ref>[https://menafn.com/1107378998/RG-Qluck-Wise-The-Ghanaian-Record-Producer-Who-Creates-Beats-Using-FL-Studio-Mobile RG Qluck Wise The Ghanaian Record Producer Who Creates Beats Using FL Studio Mobile]</ref>

==Musical Versatility==
RG Qluck Wise's talent extends across various music genres, including [[Hip hop]], [[Afrobeats]], [[Highlife]], and [[Hiplife]]. His versatility as a producer quickly gained attention, making him a prominent figure in the Ghanaian music scene.<ref>[https://www.openpr.com/news/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record producer]</ref>

== Discography ==

'''Songs produced'''

''Nhyira Beat''<ref>{{Cite web|date=1970-01-01|title=RG Qluck Wise - Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/reporter/post/RG-Qluck-Wise-Nhyira-Beat-138209|access-date=2023-11-21|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-10-18|title=If you haven't already heard of RG Qluck Wise and his "Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3253695/if-you-haven-t-already-heard-of-rg-qluck-wise-and-his-nhyira-beat|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Trapping''<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Trapping: Unveiling the Captivating Beat by Ghanaian Young Record Producer RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/arabic/1107374192/Trapping-Unveiling-the-Captivating-Beat-by-Ghanaian-Young-Record-Producer-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Fame''<ref>{{Cite web|title=How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record|url=https://www.openpr.com/amp/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fame by RG Qluck Wise|url=https://www.afrocharts.com/song?id=e88e8dbe9d|access-date=2023-11-21|website=Afrocharts|language=en}}</ref>

''Photizo''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-19|title=RG Qluck Wise Drops Highly-Anticipated Beat 'Photizo' {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-drops-highly-anticipated-beat-photizo/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-28|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3305258/rg-qluck-wise-unveils-captivating-hip-hop-beat-photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://menafn.com/1107493580/RG-Qluck-Wise-Unveils-Captivating-Hip-Hop-Beat-Photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Entrepreneurial Ventures==
Wise is not only a music producer but also the founder of RGQluckWise.art.blog, a platform that covers news about Ghanaian celebrities, [[entertainment]], [[politics]], [[sports]], general news, and biblical chapters and verses. This endeavor showcases his commitment to multimedia storytelling.<ref>[https://rgqluckwise.art.blog/ https://rgqluckwise.art.blog/about/]</ref>

==Philosophy and Integrity==
One of the defining aspects of RG Qluck Wise's career is his unwavering commitment to integrity. In an industry often marked by compromise, Wise stands out for maintaining his values and creating music that reflects authenticity.<ref>https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/</ref>

==Recognition and Impact==
RG Qluck Wise's contributions to the Ghanaian music scene have not gone unnoticed. His unique approach to music production and commitment to integrity have earned him recognition and respect from both peers and fans.<ref>https://menafn.com/1107683178/Refusing-to-Compromise-Personal-Values-for-Fame-The-Integrity-of-RG-Qluck-Wise</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* Official Website - [https://rgqluckwise.art.blog rgqluckwise.art.blog]
*[https://www.facebook.com/iamrgqluckwise Official Facebook Page]
*[https://www.twitter.com/iamqluckwise Official Twitter Profile]
*[https://t.me/rgqluckwise Official Telegram Channel]
*[[https://www.instagram.com/rg_qluckwise Official Instagram Profile]

{{Bio-stub}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian record producers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian bloggers]]
[[Category:Graphic designers]]
[[Category:Visual arts]]
[[Category:2000 births]]

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-10T14:46:02Z

Ghqlick: /*Career Transition*/

{{notability|date=July 2024}}
{{Orphan|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = RG Qluck Wise
| birth_place = [[Teshie]], [[Ghana]]
| years_active = 2021–present
| occupation = [[Record producer]], [[Graphic Designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]], and [[Visual Artist]]
| genre = {{Flatlist|
* [[Hip hop]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Highlife]]
* [[Hiplife]]
}}
| death_place =
| death_date =
| origin = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2000|02|22}}
| image =
| alias = Wise
| native_name =
| birth_name = Ashong Wisdom Odai
| caption =
| alt =
| landscape =
| image_size =
| label = RG Qluck Wise
| instrument = Keyboard
| website = {{URL|rgqluckwise.art.blog}}
}}

'''Ashong Wisdom Odai''' popularly known as his stage name '''RG Qluck Wise'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-07|title=Who is RG Qluck Wise: A Talented Ghanaian Record Producer|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3277955/who-is-rg-qluck-wise-a-talented-ghanaian-record-producer|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref> is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[record producer]], [[Graphic designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-09|title=Transforming Lives Through Innovative Ideas: The RG Qluck Wise Story {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/transforming-lives-through-innovative-ideas-the-rg-qluck-wise-story/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Visual Artist]]. His journey into the music industry has been marked by a commitment to integrity and a passion for creative expression.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|title=Meet RG Qluck Wise from Greater Accra, a multitalented who believes an idea can change your life|url=https://www.prlog.org/12989919-meet-rg-qluck-wise-from-greater-accra-multitalented-who-believes-an-idea-can-change-your-life.html|access-date=2023-11-21|website=PRLog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=I'm Not Just A Record Producer I Sing Too RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107365574/Im-Not-Just-A-Record-Producer-I-Sing-Too-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Crafting Rhythms and Harmonies: The Divine Gift in Beat Production According to RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107407858/Crafting-Rhythms-and-Harmonies-The-Divine-Gift-in-Beat-Production-According-to-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
Born on February 22, 2000, in [[Teshie]], [[Greater Accra Region]] to Ashong Tetteh and Comfort Djagbley Anertey.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amdb|title=RG Qluck Wise Biography|url=https://amdb.co/artist/rg-qluck-wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=amdb.co|language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
RG Qluck Wise<ref>[https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/ RG Qluck Wise discovering fame without composing integrity]</ref> attended Teshie Anglican primary school and then proceeded to [[Presbyterian Senior High School, Osu]], where he got up interest in visual art.

==Career Transition==
While initially pursuing a career as a graphic designer, RG Qluck Wise transitioned to music production after recognizing a deeper calling. He discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]], a pivotal tool that became instrumental in shaping his musical identity.<ref>[https://menafn.com/1107378998/RG-Qluck-Wise-The-Ghanaian-Record-Producer-Who-Creates-Beats-Using-FL-Studio-Mobile RG Qluck Wise The Ghanaian Record Producer Who Creates Beats Using FL Studio Mobile]</ref>

==Musical Versatility==
RG Qluck Wise's talent extends across various music genres, including [[Hip hop]], [[Afrobeats]], [[Highlife]], and [[Hiplife]]. His versatility as a producer quickly gained attention, making him a prominent figure in the Ghanaian music scene.<ref>https://www.openpr.com/news/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record</ref>

== Discography ==

'''Songs produced'''

''Nhyira Beat''<ref>{{Cite web|date=1970-01-01|title=RG Qluck Wise - Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/reporter/post/RG-Qluck-Wise-Nhyira-Beat-138209|access-date=2023-11-21|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-10-18|title=If you haven't already heard of RG Qluck Wise and his "Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3253695/if-you-haven-t-already-heard-of-rg-qluck-wise-and-his-nhyira-beat|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Trapping''<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Trapping: Unveiling the Captivating Beat by Ghanaian Young Record Producer RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/arabic/1107374192/Trapping-Unveiling-the-Captivating-Beat-by-Ghanaian-Young-Record-Producer-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Fame''<ref>{{Cite web|title=How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record|url=https://www.openpr.com/amp/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fame by RG Qluck Wise|url=https://www.afrocharts.com/song?id=e88e8dbe9d|access-date=2023-11-21|website=Afrocharts|language=en}}</ref>

''Photizo''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-19|title=RG Qluck Wise Drops Highly-Anticipated Beat 'Photizo' {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-drops-highly-anticipated-beat-photizo/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-28|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3305258/rg-qluck-wise-unveils-captivating-hip-hop-beat-photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://menafn.com/1107493580/RG-Qluck-Wise-Unveils-Captivating-Hip-Hop-Beat-Photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Entrepreneurial Ventures==
Wise is not only a music producer but also the founder of RGQluckWise.art.blog, a platform that covers news about Ghanaian celebrities, [[entertainment]], [[politics]], [[sports]], general news, and biblical chapters and verses. This endeavor showcases his commitment to multimedia storytelling.<ref>[https://rgqluckwise.art.blog/ https://rgqluckwise.art.blog/about/]</ref>

==Philosophy and Integrity==
One of the defining aspects of RG Qluck Wise's career is his unwavering commitment to integrity. In an industry often marked by compromise, Wise stands out for maintaining his values and creating music that reflects authenticity.<ref>https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/</ref>

==Recognition and Impact==
RG Qluck Wise's contributions to the Ghanaian music scene have not gone unnoticed. His unique approach to music production and commitment to integrity have earned him recognition and respect from both peers and fans.<ref>https://menafn.com/1107683178/Refusing-to-Compromise-Personal-Values-for-Fame-The-Integrity-of-RG-Qluck-Wise</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* Official Website - [https://rgqluckwise.art.blog rgqluckwise.art.blog]
*[https://www.facebook.com/iamrgqluckwise Official Facebook Page]
*[https://www.twitter.com/iamqluckwise Official Twitter Profile]
*[https://t.me/rgqluckwise Official Telegram Channel]
*[[https://www.instagram.com/rg_qluckwise Official Instagram Profile]

{{Bio-stub}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian record producers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian bloggers]]
[[Category:Graphic designers]]
[[Category:Visual arts]]
[[Category:2000 births]]

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-10T14:44:04Z

Ghqlick:

{{notability|date=July 2024}}
{{Orphan|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = RG Qluck Wise
| birth_place = [[Teshie]], [[Ghana]]
| years_active = 2021–present
| occupation = [[Record producer]], [[Graphic Designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]], and [[Visual Artist]]
| genre = {{Flatlist|
* [[Hip hop]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Highlife]]
* [[Hiplife]]
}}
| death_place =
| death_date =
| origin = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2000|02|22}}
| image =
| alias = Wise
| native_name =
| birth_name = Ashong Wisdom Odai
| caption =
| alt =
| landscape =
| image_size =
| label = RG Qluck Wise
| instrument = Keyboard
| website = {{URL|rgqluckwise.art.blog}}
}}

'''Ashong Wisdom Odai''' popularly known as his stage name '''RG Qluck Wise'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-07|title=Who is RG Qluck Wise: A Talented Ghanaian Record Producer|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3277955/who-is-rg-qluck-wise-a-talented-ghanaian-record-producer|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref> is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[record producer]], [[Graphic designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-09|title=Transforming Lives Through Innovative Ideas: The RG Qluck Wise Story {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/transforming-lives-through-innovative-ideas-the-rg-qluck-wise-story/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Visual Artist]]. His journey into the music industry has been marked by a commitment to integrity and a passion for creative expression.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|title=Meet RG Qluck Wise from Greater Accra, a multitalented who believes an idea can change your life|url=https://www.prlog.org/12989919-meet-rg-qluck-wise-from-greater-accra-multitalented-who-believes-an-idea-can-change-your-life.html|access-date=2023-11-21|website=PRLog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=I'm Not Just A Record Producer I Sing Too RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107365574/Im-Not-Just-A-Record-Producer-I-Sing-Too-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Crafting Rhythms and Harmonies: The Divine Gift in Beat Production According to RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107407858/Crafting-Rhythms-and-Harmonies-The-Divine-Gift-in-Beat-Production-According-to-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
Born on February 22, 2000, in [[Teshie]], [[Greater Accra Region]] to Ashong Tetteh and Comfort Djagbley Anertey.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amdb|title=RG Qluck Wise Biography|url=https://amdb.co/artist/rg-qluck-wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=amdb.co|language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
RG Qluck Wise<ref>[https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/ RG Qluck Wise discovering fame without composing integrity]</ref> attended Teshie Anglican primary school and then proceeded to [[Presbyterian Senior High School, Osu]], where he got up interest in visual art.

==Career Transition==
While initially pursuing a career as a graphic designer, RG Qluck Wise transitioned to music production after recognizing a deeper calling. He discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]], a pivotal tool that became instrumental in shaping his musical identity.<ref>https://menafn.com/1107378998/RG-Qluck-Wise-The-Ghanaian-Record-Producer-Who-Creates-Beats-Using-FL-Studio-Mobile</ref>

==Musical Versatility==
RG Qluck Wise's talent extends across various music genres, including [[Hip hop]], [[Afrobeats]], [[Highlife]], and [[Hiplife]]. His versatility as a producer quickly gained attention, making him a prominent figure in the Ghanaian music scene.<ref>https://www.openpr.com/news/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record</ref>

== Discography ==

'''Songs produced'''

''Nhyira Beat''<ref>{{Cite web|date=1970-01-01|title=RG Qluck Wise - Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/reporter/post/RG-Qluck-Wise-Nhyira-Beat-138209|access-date=2023-11-21|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-10-18|title=If you haven't already heard of RG Qluck Wise and his "Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3253695/if-you-haven-t-already-heard-of-rg-qluck-wise-and-his-nhyira-beat|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Trapping''<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Trapping: Unveiling the Captivating Beat by Ghanaian Young Record Producer RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/arabic/1107374192/Trapping-Unveiling-the-Captivating-Beat-by-Ghanaian-Young-Record-Producer-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Fame''<ref>{{Cite web|title=How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record|url=https://www.openpr.com/amp/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fame by RG Qluck Wise|url=https://www.afrocharts.com/song?id=e88e8dbe9d|access-date=2023-11-21|website=Afrocharts|language=en}}</ref>

''Photizo''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-19|title=RG Qluck Wise Drops Highly-Anticipated Beat 'Photizo' {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-drops-highly-anticipated-beat-photizo/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-28|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3305258/rg-qluck-wise-unveils-captivating-hip-hop-beat-photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://menafn.com/1107493580/RG-Qluck-Wise-Unveils-Captivating-Hip-Hop-Beat-Photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Entrepreneurial Ventures==
Wise is not only a music producer but also the founder of RGQluckWise.art.blog, a platform that covers news about Ghanaian celebrities, [[entertainment]], [[politics]], [[sports]], general news, and biblical chapters and verses. This endeavor showcases his commitment to multimedia storytelling.<ref>[https://rgqluckwise.art.blog/ https://rgqluckwise.art.blog/about/]</ref>

==Philosophy and Integrity==
One of the defining aspects of RG Qluck Wise's career is his unwavering commitment to integrity. In an industry often marked by compromise, Wise stands out for maintaining his values and creating music that reflects authenticity.<ref>https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/</ref>

==Recognition and Impact==
RG Qluck Wise's contributions to the Ghanaian music scene have not gone unnoticed. His unique approach to music production and commitment to integrity have earned him recognition and respect from both peers and fans.<ref>https://menafn.com/1107683178/Refusing-to-Compromise-Personal-Values-for-Fame-The-Integrity-of-RG-Qluck-Wise</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* Official Website - [https://rgqluckwise.art.blog rgqluckwise.art.blog]
*[https://www.facebook.com/iamrgqluckwise Official Facebook Page]
*[https://www.twitter.com/iamqluckwise Official Twitter Profile]
*[https://t.me/rgqluckwise Official Telegram Channel]
*[[https://www.instagram.com/rg_qluckwise Official Instagram Profile]

{{Bio-stub}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian record producers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian bloggers]]
[[Category:Graphic designers]]
[[Category:Visual arts]]
[[Category:2000 births]]

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-10T14:38:57Z

Ghqlick: /* Career Transition */

{{notability|date=July 2024}}
{{Orphan|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = RG Qluck Wise
| birth_place = [[Teshie]], [[Ghana]]
| years_active = 2021–present
| occupation = [[Record producer]], [[Graphic Designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]], and [[Visual Artist]]
| genre = {{Flatlist|
* [[Hip hop]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Highlife]]
* [[Hiplife]]
}}
| death_place =
| death_date =
| origin = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2000|02|22}}
| image =
| alias = Wise
| native_name =
| birth_name = Ashong Wisdom Odai
| caption =
| alt =
| landscape =
| image_size =
| label = RG Qluck Wise
| instrument = Keyboard
| website = {{URL|rgqluckwise.art.blog}}
}}

'''Ashong Wisdom Odai''' popularly known as his stage name '''RG Qluck Wise'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-07|title=Who is RG Qluck Wise: A Talented Ghanaian Record Producer|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3277955/who-is-rg-qluck-wise-a-talented-ghanaian-record-producer|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref> is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[record producer]], [[Graphic designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-09|title=Transforming Lives Through Innovative Ideas: The RG Qluck Wise Story {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/transforming-lives-through-innovative-ideas-the-rg-qluck-wise-story/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Visual Artist]]. His journey into the music industry has been marked by a commitment to integrity and a passion for creative expression.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|title=Meet RG Qluck Wise from Greater Accra, a multitalented who believes an idea can change your life|url=https://www.prlog.org/12989919-meet-rg-qluck-wise-from-greater-accra-multitalented-who-believes-an-idea-can-change-your-life.html|access-date=2023-11-21|website=PRLog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=I'm Not Just A Record Producer I Sing Too RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107365574/Im-Not-Just-A-Record-Producer-I-Sing-Too-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Crafting Rhythms and Harmonies: The Divine Gift in Beat Production According to RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107407858/Crafting-Rhythms-and-Harmonies-The-Divine-Gift-in-Beat-Production-According-to-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
Born on February 22, 2000, in [[Teshie]], [[Greater Accra Region]] to Ashong Tetteh and Comfort Djagbley Anertey.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amdb|title=RG Qluck Wise Biography|url=https://amdb.co/artist/rg-qluck-wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=amdb.co|language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
RG Qluck Wise<ref><nowiki>https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/</nowiki></ref> attended Teshie Anglican primary school and then proceeded to [[Presbyterian Senior High School, Osu]], where he got up interest in visual art.

==Career Transition==
While initially pursuing a career as a graphic designer, RG Qluck Wise transitioned to music production after recognizing a deeper calling. He discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]], a pivotal tool that became instrumental in shaping his musical identity.<ref>https://menafn.com/1107378998/RG-Qluck-Wise-The-Ghanaian-Record-Producer-Who-Creates-Beats-Using-FL-Studio-Mobile</ref>

==Musical Versatility==
RG Qluck Wise's talent extends across various music genres, including [[Hip hop]], [[Afrobeats]], [[Highlife]], and [[Hiplife]]. His versatility as a producer quickly gained attention, making him a prominent figure in the Ghanaian music scene.<ref>https://www.openpr.com/news/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record</ref>

== Discography ==

'''Songs produced'''

''Nhyira Beat''<ref>{{Cite web|date=1970-01-01|title=RG Qluck Wise - Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/reporter/post/RG-Qluck-Wise-Nhyira-Beat-138209|access-date=2023-11-21|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-10-18|title=If you haven't already heard of RG Qluck Wise and his "Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3253695/if-you-haven-t-already-heard-of-rg-qluck-wise-and-his-nhyira-beat|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Trapping''<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Trapping: Unveiling the Captivating Beat by Ghanaian Young Record Producer RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/arabic/1107374192/Trapping-Unveiling-the-Captivating-Beat-by-Ghanaian-Young-Record-Producer-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Fame''<ref>{{Cite web|title=How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record|url=https://www.openpr.com/amp/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fame by RG Qluck Wise|url=https://www.afrocharts.com/song?id=e88e8dbe9d|access-date=2023-11-21|website=Afrocharts|language=en}}</ref>

''Photizo''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-19|title=RG Qluck Wise Drops Highly-Anticipated Beat 'Photizo' {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-drops-highly-anticipated-beat-photizo/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-28|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3305258/rg-qluck-wise-unveils-captivating-hip-hop-beat-photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://menafn.com/1107493580/RG-Qluck-Wise-Unveils-Captivating-Hip-Hop-Beat-Photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Entrepreneurial Ventures==
Wise is not only a music producer but also the founder of RGQluckWise.art.blog, a platform that covers news about Ghanaian celebrities, [[entertainment]], [[politics]], [[sports]], general news, and biblical chapters and verses. This endeavor showcases his commitment to multimedia storytelling.<ref>[https://rgqluckwise.art.blog/ https://rgqluckwise.art.blog/about/]</ref>

==Philosophy and Integrity==
One of the defining aspects of RG Qluck Wise's career is his unwavering commitment to integrity. In an industry often marked by compromise, Wise stands out for maintaining his values and creating music that reflects authenticity.<ref>https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/</ref>

==Recognition and Impact==
RG Qluck Wise's contributions to the Ghanaian music scene have not gone unnoticed. His unique approach to music production and commitment to integrity have earned him recognition and respect from both peers and fans.<ref>https://menafn.com/1107683178/Refusing-to-Compromise-Personal-Values-for-Fame-The-Integrity-of-RG-Qluck-Wise</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* Official Website - [https://rgqluckwise.art.blog rgqluckwise.art.blog]
*[https://www.facebook.com/iamrgqluckwise Official Facebook Page]
*[https://www.twitter.com/iamqluckwise Official Twitter Profile]
*[https://t.me/rgqluckwise Official Telegram Channel]
*[[https://www.instagram.com/rg_qluckwise Official Instagram Profile]

{{Bio-stub}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian record producers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian bloggers]]
[[Category:Graphic designers]]
[[Category:Visual arts]]
[[Category:2000 births]]

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-10T14:28:42Z

Ghqlick: /*Musical Versatility*/

{{notability|date=July 2024}}
{{Orphan|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = RG Qluck Wise
| birth_place = [[Teshie]], [[Ghana]]
| years_active = 2021–present
| occupation = [[Record producer]], [[Graphic Designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]], and [[Visual Artist]]
| genre = {{Flatlist|
* [[Hip hop]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Highlife]]
* [[Hiplife]]
}}
| death_place =
| death_date =
| origin = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2000|02|22}}
| image =
| alias = Wise
| native_name =
| birth_name = Ashong Wisdom Odai
| caption =
| alt =
| landscape =
| image_size =
| label = RG Qluck Wise
| instrument = Keyboard
| website = {{URL|rgqluckwise.art.blog}}
}}

'''Ashong Wisdom Odai''' popularly known as his stage name '''RG Qluck Wise'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-07|title=Who is RG Qluck Wise: A Talented Ghanaian Record Producer|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3277955/who-is-rg-qluck-wise-a-talented-ghanaian-record-producer|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref> is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[record producer]], [[Graphic designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-09|title=Transforming Lives Through Innovative Ideas: The RG Qluck Wise Story {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/transforming-lives-through-innovative-ideas-the-rg-qluck-wise-story/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Visual Artist]]. His journey into the music industry has been marked by a commitment to integrity and a passion for creative expression.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|title=Meet RG Qluck Wise from Greater Accra, a multitalented who believes an idea can change your life|url=https://www.prlog.org/12989919-meet-rg-qluck-wise-from-greater-accra-multitalented-who-believes-an-idea-can-change-your-life.html|access-date=2023-11-21|website=PRLog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=I'm Not Just A Record Producer I Sing Too RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107365574/Im-Not-Just-A-Record-Producer-I-Sing-Too-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Crafting Rhythms and Harmonies: The Divine Gift in Beat Production According to RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107407858/Crafting-Rhythms-and-Harmonies-The-Divine-Gift-in-Beat-Production-According-to-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
Born on February 22, 2000, in [[Teshie]], [[Greater Accra Region]] to Ashong Tetteh and Comfort Djagbley Anertey.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amdb|title=RG Qluck Wise Biography|url=https://amdb.co/artist/rg-qluck-wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=amdb.co|language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
RG Qluck Wise<ref><nowiki>https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/</nowiki></ref> attended Teshie Anglican primary school and then proceeded to [[Presbyterian Senior High School, Osu]], where he got up interest in visual art.

==Career Transition==
While initially pursuing a career as a graphic designer, RG Qluck Wise transitioned to music production after recognizing a deeper calling. He discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]], a pivotal tool that became instrumental in shaping his musical identity.

==Musical Versatility==
RG Qluck Wise's talent extends across various music genres, including [[Hip hop]], [[Afrobeats]], [[Highlife]], and [[Hiplife]]. His versatility as a producer quickly gained attention, making him a prominent figure in the Ghanaian music scene.

== Discography ==

'''Songs produced'''

''Nhyira Beat''<ref>{{Cite web|date=1970-01-01|title=RG Qluck Wise - Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/reporter/post/RG-Qluck-Wise-Nhyira-Beat-138209|access-date=2023-11-21|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-10-18|title=If you haven't already heard of RG Qluck Wise and his "Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3253695/if-you-haven-t-already-heard-of-rg-qluck-wise-and-his-nhyira-beat|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Trapping''<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Trapping: Unveiling the Captivating Beat by Ghanaian Young Record Producer RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/arabic/1107374192/Trapping-Unveiling-the-Captivating-Beat-by-Ghanaian-Young-Record-Producer-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Fame''<ref>{{Cite web|title=How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record|url=https://www.openpr.com/amp/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fame by RG Qluck Wise|url=https://www.afrocharts.com/song?id=e88e8dbe9d|access-date=2023-11-21|website=Afrocharts|language=en}}</ref>

''Photizo''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-19|title=RG Qluck Wise Drops Highly-Anticipated Beat 'Photizo' {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-drops-highly-anticipated-beat-photizo/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-28|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3305258/rg-qluck-wise-unveils-captivating-hip-hop-beat-photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://menafn.com/1107493580/RG-Qluck-Wise-Unveils-Captivating-Hip-Hop-Beat-Photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Entrepreneurial Ventures==
Wise is not only a music producer but also the founder of RGQluckWise.art.blog, a platform that covers news about Ghanaian celebrities, [[entertainment]], [[politics]], [[sports]], general news, and biblical chapters and verses. This endeavor showcases his commitment to multimedia storytelling.

==Philosophy and Integrity==
One of the defining aspects of RG Qluck Wise's career is his unwavering commitment to integrity. In an industry often marked by compromise, Wise stands out for maintaining his values and creating music that reflects authenticity.<ref><nowiki>https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/</nowiki></ref>

==Recognition and Impact==
RG Qluck Wise's contributions to the Ghanaian music scene have not gone unnoticed. His unique approach to music production and commitment to integrity have earned him recognition and respect from both peers and fans.<ref>https://menafn.com/1107683178/Refusing-to-Compromise-Personal-Values-for-Fame-The-Integrity-of-RG-Qluck-Wise</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* Official Website - [https://rgqluckwise.art.blog rgqluckwise.art.blog]
*[https://www.facebook.com/iamrgqluckwise Official Facebook Page]
*[https://www.twitter.com/iamqluckwise Official Twitter Profile]
*[https://t.me/rgqluckwise Official Telegram Channel]
*[[https://www.instagram.com/rg_qluckwise Official Instagram Profile]

{{Bio-stub}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian record producers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian bloggers]]
[[Category:Graphic designers]]
[[Category:Visual arts]]
[[Category:2000 births]]

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-10T14:25:23Z

Ghqlick: /* Musical Versatility */

{{notability|date=July 2024}}
{{Orphan|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = RG Qluck Wise
| birth_place = [[Teshie]], [[Ghana]]
| years_active = 2021–present
| occupation = [[Record producer]], [[Graphic Designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]], and [[Visual Artist]]
| genre = {{Flatlist|
* [[Hip hop]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Highlife]]
* [[Hiplife]]
}}
| death_place =
| death_date =
| origin = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2000|02|22}}
| image =
| alias = Wise
| native_name =
| birth_name = Ashong Wisdom Odai
| caption =
| alt =
| landscape =
| image_size =
| label = RG Qluck Wise
| instrument = Keyboard
| website = {{URL|rgqluckwise.art.blog}}
}}

'''Ashong Wisdom Odai''' popularly known as his stage name '''RG Qluck Wise'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-07|title=Who is RG Qluck Wise: A Talented Ghanaian Record Producer|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3277955/who-is-rg-qluck-wise-a-talented-ghanaian-record-producer|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref> is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[record producer]], [[Graphic designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-09|title=Transforming Lives Through Innovative Ideas: The RG Qluck Wise Story {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/transforming-lives-through-innovative-ideas-the-rg-qluck-wise-story/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Visual Artist]]. His journey into the music industry has been marked by a commitment to integrity and a passion for creative expression.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|title=Meet RG Qluck Wise from Greater Accra, a multitalented who believes an idea can change your life|url=https://www.prlog.org/12989919-meet-rg-qluck-wise-from-greater-accra-multitalented-who-believes-an-idea-can-change-your-life.html|access-date=2023-11-21|website=PRLog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=I'm Not Just A Record Producer I Sing Too RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107365574/Im-Not-Just-A-Record-Producer-I-Sing-Too-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Crafting Rhythms and Harmonies: The Divine Gift in Beat Production According to RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107407858/Crafting-Rhythms-and-Harmonies-The-Divine-Gift-in-Beat-Production-According-to-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
Born on February 22, 2000, in [[Teshie]], [[Greater Accra Region]] to Ashong Tetteh and Comfort Djagbley Anertey.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amdb|title=RG Qluck Wise Biography|url=https://amdb.co/artist/rg-qluck-wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=amdb.co|language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
RG Qluck Wise<ref><nowiki>https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/</nowiki></ref> attended Teshie Anglican primary school and then proceeded to [[Presbyterian Senior High School, Osu]], where he got up interest in visual art.

==Career Transition==
While initially pursuing a career as a graphic designer, RG Qluck Wise transitioned to music production after recognizing a deeper calling. He discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]], a pivotal tool that became instrumental in shaping his musical identity.

== Musical Versatility ==
RG Qluck Wise discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]] during his search for adaptable

==Musical Versatility==
RG Qluck Wise's talent extends across various music genres, including [[Hip hop]], [[Afrobeats]], [[Highlife]], and [[Hiplife]]. His versatility as a producer quickly gained attention, making him a prominent figure in the Ghanaian music scene.

== Discography ==

'''Songs produced'''

''Nhyira Beat''<ref>{{Cite web|date=1970-01-01|title=RG Qluck Wise - Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/reporter/post/RG-Qluck-Wise-Nhyira-Beat-138209|access-date=2023-11-21|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-10-18|title=If you haven't already heard of RG Qluck Wise and his "Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3253695/if-you-haven-t-already-heard-of-rg-qluck-wise-and-his-nhyira-beat|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Trapping''<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Trapping: Unveiling the Captivating Beat by Ghanaian Young Record Producer RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/arabic/1107374192/Trapping-Unveiling-the-Captivating-Beat-by-Ghanaian-Young-Record-Producer-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Fame''<ref>{{Cite web|title=How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record|url=https://www.openpr.com/amp/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fame by RG Qluck Wise|url=https://www.afrocharts.com/song?id=e88e8dbe9d|access-date=2023-11-21|website=Afrocharts|language=en}}</ref>

''Photizo''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-19|title=RG Qluck Wise Drops Highly-Anticipated Beat 'Photizo' {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-drops-highly-anticipated-beat-photizo/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-28|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3305258/rg-qluck-wise-unveils-captivating-hip-hop-beat-photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://menafn.com/1107493580/RG-Qluck-Wise-Unveils-Captivating-Hip-Hop-Beat-Photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Entrepreneurial Ventures==
Wise is not only a music producer but also the founder of RGQluckWise.art.blog, a platform that covers news about Ghanaian celebrities, [[entertainment]], [[politics]], [[sports]], general news, and biblical chapters and verses. This endeavor showcases his commitment to multimedia storytelling.

==Philosophy and Integrity==
One of the defining aspects of RG Qluck Wise's career is his unwavering commitment to integrity. In an industry often marked by compromise, Wise stands out for maintaining his values and creating music that reflects authenticity.<ref><nowiki>https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/</nowiki></ref>

==Recognition and Impact==
RG Qluck Wise's contributions to the Ghanaian music scene have not gone unnoticed. His unique approach to music production and commitment to integrity have earned him recognition and respect from both peers and fans.<ref>https://menafn.com/1107683178/Refusing-to-Compromise-Personal-Values-for-Fame-The-Integrity-of-RG-Qluck-Wise</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* Official Website - [https://rgqluckwise.art.blog rgqluckwise.art.blog]
*[https://www.facebook.com/iamrgqluckwise Official Facebook Page]
*[https://www.twitter.com/iamqluckwise Official Twitter Profile]
*[https://t.me/rgqluckwise Official Telegram Channel]
*[[https://www.instagram.com/rg_qluckwise Official Instagram Profile]

{{Bio-stub}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian record producers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian bloggers]]
[[Category:Graphic designers]]
[[Category:Visual arts]]
[[Category:2000 births]]

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-10T14:11:23Z

Ghqlick: /* Early life */

{{notability|date=July 2024}}
{{Orphan|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = RG Qluck Wise
| birth_place = [[Teshie]], [[Ghana]]
| years_active = 2021–present
| occupation = [[Record producer]], [[Graphic Designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]], and [[Visual Artist]]
| genre = {{Flatlist|
* [[Hip hop]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Highlife]]
* [[Hiplife]]
}}
| death_place =
| death_date =
| origin = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2000|02|22}}
| image =
| alias = Wise
| native_name =
| birth_name = Ashong Wisdom Odai
| caption =
| alt =
| landscape =
| image_size =
| label = RG Qluck Wise
| instrument = Keyboard
| website = {{URL|rgqluckwise.art.blog}}
}}

'''Ashong Wisdom Odai''' popularly known as his stage name '''RG Qluck Wise'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-07|title=Who is RG Qluck Wise: A Talented Ghanaian Record Producer|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3277955/who-is-rg-qluck-wise-a-talented-ghanaian-record-producer|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref> is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[record producer]], [[Graphic designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-09|title=Transforming Lives Through Innovative Ideas: The RG Qluck Wise Story {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/transforming-lives-through-innovative-ideas-the-rg-qluck-wise-story/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Visual Artist]]. His journey into the music industry has been marked by a commitment to integrity and a passion for creative expression. He founded RGQluckWise.art.blog, a website and blog that publishes news about Ghanaian celebrities, [[Entertainment]], [[Politics]], [[Sports]], General news and [[Chapters and verses of the Bible]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|title=Meet RG Qluck Wise from Greater Accra, a multitalented who believes an idea can change your life|url=https://www.prlog.org/12989919-meet-rg-qluck-wise-from-greater-accra-multitalented-who-believes-an-idea-can-change-your-life.html|access-date=2023-11-21|website=PRLog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=I'm Not Just A Record Producer I Sing Too RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107365574/Im-Not-Just-A-Record-Producer-I-Sing-Too-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Crafting Rhythms and Harmonies: The Divine Gift in Beat Production According to RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107407858/Crafting-Rhythms-and-Harmonies-The-Divine-Gift-in-Beat-Production-According-to-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
Born on February 22, 2000, in [[Teshie]], [[Greater Accra Region]] to Ashong Tetteh and Comfort Djagbley Anertey.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amdb|title=RG Qluck Wise Biography|url=https://amdb.co/artist/rg-qluck-wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=amdb.co|language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
RG Qluck Wise<ref><nowiki>https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/</nowiki></ref> attended Teshie Anglican primary school and then proceeded to [[Presbyterian Senior High School, Osu]], where he got up interest in visual art.

==Career Transition==
While initially pursuing a career as a graphic designer, RG Qluck Wise transitioned to music production after recognizing a deeper calling. He discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]], a pivotal tool that became instrumental in shaping his musical identity.

== Musical Versatility ==
RG Qluck Wise discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]] during his search for adaptable and easily carried music production solution. He immediately accepted the software as his show up tool for creating beats. His budding talent considers himself a versatile soul, quickly becoming a national phenomenon, who falls in the [[Hip hop]], [[Afrobeats]], [[Highlife]] and [[Hiplife]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise: The Ghanaian Record Producer Who Creates Beats Using FL Studio Mobile|url=https://menafn.com/1107378998/RG-Qluck-Wise-The-Ghanaian-Record-Producer-Who-Creates-Beats-Using-FL-Studio-Mobile|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Musical Versatility==
RG Qluck Wise's talent extends across various music genres, including Hip hop, Afrobeats, Highlife, and Hiplife. His versatility as a producer quickly gained attention, making him a prominent figure in the Ghanaian music scene.

== Discography ==

'''Songs produced'''

''Nhyira Beat''<ref>{{Cite web|date=1970-01-01|title=RG Qluck Wise - Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/reporter/post/RG-Qluck-Wise-Nhyira-Beat-138209|access-date=2023-11-21|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-10-18|title=If you haven't already heard of RG Qluck Wise and his "Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3253695/if-you-haven-t-already-heard-of-rg-qluck-wise-and-his-nhyira-beat|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Trapping''<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Trapping: Unveiling the Captivating Beat by Ghanaian Young Record Producer RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/arabic/1107374192/Trapping-Unveiling-the-Captivating-Beat-by-Ghanaian-Young-Record-Producer-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Fame''<ref>{{Cite web|title=How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record|url=https://www.openpr.com/amp/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fame by RG Qluck Wise|url=https://www.afrocharts.com/song?id=e88e8dbe9d|access-date=2023-11-21|website=Afrocharts|language=en}}</ref>

''Photizo''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-19|title=RG Qluck Wise Drops Highly-Anticipated Beat 'Photizo' {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-drops-highly-anticipated-beat-photizo/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-28|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3305258/rg-qluck-wise-unveils-captivating-hip-hop-beat-photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://menafn.com/1107493580/RG-Qluck-Wise-Unveils-Captivating-Hip-Hop-Beat-Photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Entrepreneurial Ventures==
Wise is not only a music producer but also the founder of RGQluckWise.art.blog, a platform that covers news about Ghanaian celebrities, entertainment, politics, sports, general news, and biblical chapters and verses. This endeavor showcases his commitment to multimedia storytelling.

==Philosophy and Integrity==
One of the defining aspects of RG Qluck Wise's career is his unwavering commitment to integrity. In an industry often marked by compromise, Wise stands out for maintaining his values and creating music that reflects authenticity.

==Recognition and Impact==
RG Qluck Wise's contributions to the Ghanaian music scene have not gone unnoticed. His unique approach to music production and commitment to integrity have earned him recognition and respect from both peers and fans.

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* Official Website - [https://rgqluckwise.art.blog rgqluckwise.art.blog]
*[https://www.facebook.com/iamrgqluckwise Official Facebook Page]
*[https://www.twitter.com/iamqluckwise Official Twitter Profile]
*[https://t.me/rgqluckwise Official Telegram Channel]
*[[https://www.instagram.com/rg_qluckwise Official Instagram Profile]

{{Bio-stub}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian record producers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian bloggers]]
[[Category:Graphic designers]]
[[Category:Visual arts]]
[[Category:2000 births]]

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-10T13:49:50Z

Ghqlick: Added ref

{{notability|date=July 2024}}
{{Orphan|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = RG Qluck Wise
| birth_place = [[Teshie]], [[Ghana]]
| years_active = 2021–present
| occupation = [[Record producer]], [[Graphic Designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]], and [[Visual Artist]]
| genre = {{Flatlist|
* [[Hip hop]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Highlife]]
* [[Hiplife]]
}}
| death_place =
| death_date =
| origin = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2000|02|22}}
| image =
| alias = Wise
| native_name =
| birth_name = Ashong Wisdom Odai
| caption =
| alt =
| landscape =
| image_size =
| label = RG Qluck Wise
| instrument = Keyboard
| website = {{URL|rgqluckwise.art.blog}}
}}

'''Ashong Wisdom Odai''' popularly known as his stage name '''RG Qluck Wise'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-07|title=Who is RG Qluck Wise: A Talented Ghanaian Record Producer|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3277955/who-is-rg-qluck-wise-a-talented-ghanaian-record-producer|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref> is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[record producer]], [[Graphic designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-09|title=Transforming Lives Through Innovative Ideas: The RG Qluck Wise Story {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/transforming-lives-through-innovative-ideas-the-rg-qluck-wise-story/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Visual Artist]]. He founded RGQluckWise.art.blog, a website and blog that publishes news about Ghanaian celebrities, [[Entertainment]], [[Politics]], [[Sports]], General news and [[Chapters and verses of the Bible]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|title=Meet RG Qluck Wise from Greater Accra, a multitalented who believes an idea can change your life|url=https://www.prlog.org/12989919-meet-rg-qluck-wise-from-greater-accra-multitalented-who-believes-an-idea-can-change-your-life.html|access-date=2023-11-21|website=PRLog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=I'm Not Just A Record Producer I Sing Too RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107365574/Im-Not-Just-A-Record-Producer-I-Sing-Too-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Crafting Rhythms and Harmonies: The Divine Gift in Beat Production According to RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107407858/Crafting-Rhythms-and-Harmonies-The-Divine-Gift-in-Beat-Production-According-to-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
He was born and raised up from [[Teshie]] in the [[Greater Accra Region]] to Ashong Tetteh and Comfort Djagbley Anertey.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amdb|title=RG Qluck Wise Biography|url=https://amdb.co/artist/rg-qluck-wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=amdb.co|language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
RG Qluck Wise<ref><nowiki>https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-discovering-fame-without-composing-integrity/</nowiki></ref> attended Teshie Anglican primary school and then proceeded to [[Presbyterian Senior High School, Osu]], where he got up interest in visual art.

==Career==
Wise began as a graphic designer but switched to music production after realizing he wasn’t getting the money he wanted.

RG Qluck Wise discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]] during his search for adaptable and easily carried music production solution. He immediately accepted the software as his show up tool for creating beats. His budding talent considers himself a versatile soul, quickly becoming a national phenomenon, who falls in the [[Hip hop]], [[Afrobeats]], [[Highlife]] and [[Hiplife]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise: The Ghanaian Record Producer Who Creates Beats Using FL Studio Mobile|url=https://menafn.com/1107378998/RG-Qluck-Wise-The-Ghanaian-Record-Producer-Who-Creates-Beats-Using-FL-Studio-Mobile|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

== Discography ==

'''Songs produced'''

''Nhyira Beat''<ref>{{Cite web|date=1970-01-01|title=RG Qluck Wise - Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/reporter/post/RG-Qluck-Wise-Nhyira-Beat-138209|access-date=2023-11-21|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-10-18|title=If you haven't already heard of RG Qluck Wise and his "Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3253695/if-you-haven-t-already-heard-of-rg-qluck-wise-and-his-nhyira-beat|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Trapping''<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Trapping: Unveiling the Captivating Beat by Ghanaian Young Record Producer RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/arabic/1107374192/Trapping-Unveiling-the-Captivating-Beat-by-Ghanaian-Young-Record-Producer-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Fame''<ref>{{Cite web|title=How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record|url=https://www.openpr.com/amp/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fame by RG Qluck Wise|url=https://www.afrocharts.com/song?id=e88e8dbe9d|access-date=2023-11-21|website=Afrocharts|language=en}}</ref>

''Photizo''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-19|title=RG Qluck Wise Drops Highly-Anticipated Beat 'Photizo' {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-drops-highly-anticipated-beat-photizo/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-28|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3305258/rg-qluck-wise-unveils-captivating-hip-hop-beat-photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://menafn.com/1107493580/RG-Qluck-Wise-Unveils-Captivating-Hip-Hop-Beat-Photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* Official Website - [https://rgqluckwise.art.blog rgqluckwise.art.blog]
*[https://www.facebook.com/iamrgqluckwise Official Facebook Page]
*[https://www.twitter.com/iamqluckwise Official Twitter Profile]
*[https://t.me/rgqluckwise Official Telegram Channel]
*[[https://www.instagram.com/rg_qluckwise Official Instagram Profile]

{{Bio-stub}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian record producers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian bloggers]]
[[Category:Graphic designers]]
[[Category:Visual arts]]
[[Category:2000 births]]

Draft talk:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-10T13:46:42Z

Ghqlick: Ghqlick moved page Draft talk:RG Qluck Wise to Talk:RG Qluck Wise

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-10T13:46:41Z

Ghqlick: Ghqlick moved page Draft:RG Qluck Wise to RG Qluck Wise

{{notability|date=July 2024}}
{{Orphan|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = RG Qluck Wise
| birth_place = [[Teshie]], [[Ghana]]
| years_active = 2021–present
| occupation = [[Record producer]], [[Graphic Designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]], and [[Visual Artist]]
| genre = {{Flatlist|
* [[Hip hop]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Highlife]]
* [[Hiplife]]
}}
| death_place =
| death_date =
| origin = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2000|02|22}}
| image =
| alias = Wise
| native_name =
| birth_name = Ashong Wisdom Odai
| caption =
| alt =
| landscape =
| image_size =
| label = RG Qluck Wise
| instrument = Keyboard
| website = {{URL|rgqluckwise.art.blog}}
}}

'''Ashong Wisdom Odai''' popularly known as his stage name '''RG Qluck Wise'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-07|title=Who is RG Qluck Wise: A Talented Ghanaian Record Producer|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3277955/who-is-rg-qluck-wise-a-talented-ghanaian-record-producer|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref> is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[record producer]], [[Graphic designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-09|title=Transforming Lives Through Innovative Ideas: The RG Qluck Wise Story {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/transforming-lives-through-innovative-ideas-the-rg-qluck-wise-story/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Visual Artist]]. He founded RGQluckWise.art.blog, a website and blog that publishes news about Ghanaian celebrities, [[Entertainment]], [[Politics]], [[Sports]], General news and [[Chapters and verses of the Bible]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|title=Meet RG Qluck Wise from Greater Accra, a multitalented who believes an idea can change your life|url=https://www.prlog.org/12989919-meet-rg-qluck-wise-from-greater-accra-multitalented-who-believes-an-idea-can-change-your-life.html|access-date=2023-11-21|website=PRLog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=I'm Not Just A Record Producer I Sing Too RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107365574/Im-Not-Just-A-Record-Producer-I-Sing-Too-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Crafting Rhythms and Harmonies: The Divine Gift in Beat Production According to RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107407858/Crafting-Rhythms-and-Harmonies-The-Divine-Gift-in-Beat-Production-According-to-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
He was born and raised up from [[Teshie]] in the [[Greater Accra Region]] to Ashong Tetteh and Comfort Djagbley Anertey.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amdb|title=RG Qluck Wise Biography|url=https://amdb.co/artist/rg-qluck-wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=amdb.co|language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
RG Qluck Wise attended Teshie Anglican primary school and then proceeded to [[Presbyterian Senior High School, Osu]], where he got up interest in visual art.

==Career==
Wise began as a graphic designer but switched to music production after realizing he wasn’t getting the money he wanted.

RG Qluck Wise discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]] during his search for adaptable and easily carried music production solution. He immediately accepted the software as his show up tool for creating beats. His budding talent considers himself a versatile soul, quickly becoming a national phenomenon, who falls in the [[Hip hop]], [[Afrobeats]], [[Highlife]] and [[Hiplife]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise: The Ghanaian Record Producer Who Creates Beats Using FL Studio Mobile|url=https://menafn.com/1107378998/RG-Qluck-Wise-The-Ghanaian-Record-Producer-Who-Creates-Beats-Using-FL-Studio-Mobile|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

== Discography ==

'''Songs produced'''

''Nhyira Beat''<ref>{{Cite web|date=1970-01-01|title=RG Qluck Wise - Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/reporter/post/RG-Qluck-Wise-Nhyira-Beat-138209|access-date=2023-11-21|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-10-18|title=If you haven't already heard of RG Qluck Wise and his "Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3253695/if-you-haven-t-already-heard-of-rg-qluck-wise-and-his-nhyira-beat|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Trapping''<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Trapping: Unveiling the Captivating Beat by Ghanaian Young Record Producer RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/arabic/1107374192/Trapping-Unveiling-the-Captivating-Beat-by-Ghanaian-Young-Record-Producer-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Fame''<ref>{{Cite web|title=How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record|url=https://www.openpr.com/amp/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fame by RG Qluck Wise|url=https://www.afrocharts.com/song?id=e88e8dbe9d|access-date=2023-11-21|website=Afrocharts|language=en}}</ref>

''Photizo''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-19|title=RG Qluck Wise Drops Highly-Anticipated Beat 'Photizo' {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-drops-highly-anticipated-beat-photizo/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-28|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3305258/rg-qluck-wise-unveils-captivating-hip-hop-beat-photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://menafn.com/1107493580/RG-Qluck-Wise-Unveils-Captivating-Hip-Hop-Beat-Photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* Official Website - [https://rgqluckwise.art.blog rgqluckwise.art.blog]
*[https://www.facebook.com/iamrgqluckwise Official Facebook Page]
*[https://www.twitter.com/iamqluckwise Official Twitter Profile]
*[https://t.me/rgqluckwise Official Telegram Channel]
*[[https://www.instagram.com/rg_qluckwise Official Instagram Profile]

{{Bio-stub}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian record producers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian bloggers]]
[[Category:Graphic designers]]
[[Category:Visual arts]]
[[Category:2000 births]]

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-10T13:44:34Z

Ghqlick:

{{notability|date=July 2024}}
{{Orphan|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = RG Qluck Wise
| birth_place = [[Teshie]], [[Ghana]]
| years_active = 2021–present
| occupation = [[Record producer]], [[Graphic Designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]], and [[Visual Artist]]
| genre = {{Flatlist|
* [[Hip hop]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Highlife]]
* [[Hiplife]]
}}
| death_place =
| death_date =
| origin = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2000|02|22}}
| image =
| alias = Wise
| native_name =
| birth_name = Ashong Wisdom Odai
| caption =
| alt =
| landscape =
| image_size =
| label = RG Qluck Wise
| instrument = Keyboard
| website = {{URL|rgqluckwise.art.blog}}
}}

'''Ashong Wisdom Odai''' popularly known as his stage name '''RG Qluck Wise'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-07|title=Who is RG Qluck Wise: A Talented Ghanaian Record Producer|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3277955/who-is-rg-qluck-wise-a-talented-ghanaian-record-producer|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref> is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[record producer]], [[Graphic designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-09|title=Transforming Lives Through Innovative Ideas: The RG Qluck Wise Story {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/transforming-lives-through-innovative-ideas-the-rg-qluck-wise-story/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Visual Artist]]. He founded RGQluckWise.art.blog, a website and blog that publishes news about Ghanaian celebrities, [[Entertainment]], [[Politics]], [[Sports]], General news and [[Chapters and verses of the Bible]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|title=Meet RG Qluck Wise from Greater Accra, a multitalented who believes an idea can change your life|url=https://www.prlog.org/12989919-meet-rg-qluck-wise-from-greater-accra-multitalented-who-believes-an-idea-can-change-your-life.html|access-date=2023-11-21|website=PRLog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=I'm Not Just A Record Producer I Sing Too RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107365574/Im-Not-Just-A-Record-Producer-I-Sing-Too-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Crafting Rhythms and Harmonies: The Divine Gift in Beat Production According to RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107407858/Crafting-Rhythms-and-Harmonies-The-Divine-Gift-in-Beat-Production-According-to-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
He was born and raised up from [[Teshie]] in the [[Greater Accra Region]] to Ashong Tetteh and Comfort Djagbley Anertey.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amdb|title=RG Qluck Wise Biography|url=https://amdb.co/artist/rg-qluck-wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=amdb.co|language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
RG Qluck Wise attended Teshie Anglican primary school and then proceeded to [[Presbyterian Senior High School, Osu]], where he got up interest in visual art.

==Career==
Wise began as a graphic designer but switched to music production after realizing he wasn’t getting the money he wanted.

RG Qluck Wise discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]] during his search for adaptable and easily carried music production solution. He immediately accepted the software as his show up tool for creating beats. His budding talent considers himself a versatile soul, quickly becoming a national phenomenon, who falls in the [[Hip hop]], [[Afrobeats]], [[Highlife]] and [[Hiplife]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise: The Ghanaian Record Producer Who Creates Beats Using FL Studio Mobile|url=https://menafn.com/1107378998/RG-Qluck-Wise-The-Ghanaian-Record-Producer-Who-Creates-Beats-Using-FL-Studio-Mobile|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

== Discography ==

'''Songs produced'''

''Nhyira Beat''<ref>{{Cite web|date=1970-01-01|title=RG Qluck Wise - Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/reporter/post/RG-Qluck-Wise-Nhyira-Beat-138209|access-date=2023-11-21|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-10-18|title=If you haven't already heard of RG Qluck Wise and his "Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3253695/if-you-haven-t-already-heard-of-rg-qluck-wise-and-his-nhyira-beat|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Trapping''<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Trapping: Unveiling the Captivating Beat by Ghanaian Young Record Producer RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/arabic/1107374192/Trapping-Unveiling-the-Captivating-Beat-by-Ghanaian-Young-Record-Producer-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Fame''<ref>{{Cite web|title=How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record|url=https://www.openpr.com/amp/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fame by RG Qluck Wise|url=https://www.afrocharts.com/song?id=e88e8dbe9d|access-date=2023-11-21|website=Afrocharts|language=en}}</ref>

''Photizo''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-19|title=RG Qluck Wise Drops Highly-Anticipated Beat 'Photizo' {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-drops-highly-anticipated-beat-photizo/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-28|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3305258/rg-qluck-wise-unveils-captivating-hip-hop-beat-photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://menafn.com/1107493580/RG-Qluck-Wise-Unveils-Captivating-Hip-Hop-Beat-Photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* Official Website - [https://rgqluckwise.art.blog rgqluckwise.art.blog]
*[https://www.facebook.com/iamrgqluckwise Official Facebook Page]
*[https://www.twitter.com/iamqluckwise Official Twitter Profile]
*[https://t.me/rgqluckwise Official Telegram Channel]
*[[https://www.instagram.com/rg_qluckwise Official Instagram Profile]

{{Bio-stub}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian record producers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian bloggers]]
[[Category:Graphic designers]]
[[Category:Visual arts]]
[[Category:2000 births]]

Graphic Designer

2024-01-01T13:38:22Z

Ghqlick: Created page with "{{Short description|Person who assembles images, typography or motion graphics to create a piece of design}} {{Infobox Occupation | image= 250px | caption= Graphic Designers Gabriel and Maxim Shamir | official_names= Creative director, art director  | type= Profession | activity_sector= Advertising, book design, branding, illustration, page layout, [..."

{{Short description|Person who assembles images, typography or motion graphics to create a piece of design}}
{{Infobox Occupation
| image= [[File:Shamir Brothers.jpg|250px]]
| caption= Graphic Designers [[Gabriel and Maxim Shamir]]
| official_names= [[Creative director]], [[art director]]

| type= [[Profession]]
| activity_sector= [[Advertising]], [[book design]], [[brand management|branding]], [[illustration]], [[page layout]], [[typography]], [[webcomic]], [[web design]]
| competencies= Technical knowledge, cultural relevance
| formation=
| employment_field=
| related_occupation= [[Production artist]], [[graphic artist]], [[website designer]], [[desktop publishing]]
| average_salary=
}}

A '''graphic designer''' is a professional within the [[graphic design]] and [[graphic arts]] industry who assembles together images, [[typography]], or [[motion graphics]] to create a piece of design. A graphic designer creates the graphics primarily for [[published media|published]], [[print media|printed]], or [[electronic media]], such as [[brochure]]s and [[advertising]]. They are also sometimes responsible for [[typesetting]], [[illustration]], user interfaces. A core responsibility of the designer's job is to present information in a way that is both accessible and memorable.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.aiga.org/content.cfm/what-is-design
| title = What is graphic design?
| author = Jessica Helfand
| publisher = [[AIGA]]
| access-date = 2009-06-29
| quote = it is the art of visualizing ideas
}}</ref>

FL Studio Mobile

2024-01-01T13:36:00Z

Ghqlick: Created page with "{{Short description|Digital audio workstation application}} {{Use mdy dates|date=August 2018}} {{Infobox software | name = FL Studio Mobile | logo = FL_Studio_Mobile_icon.png | logo alt = | logo caption = | screenshot = Screenshot_of_FL_Studio_Mobile.jpeg | screenshot alt = | caption = FL Studio Mobile version 3 | collapsible = | author = | developer = Image-Line | released = {{Start date and age|2011|6|21|df=yes}} | discontinued = | ver layout = simple | lates..."

{{Short description|Digital audio workstation application}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox software
| name = FL Studio Mobile
| logo = FL_Studio_Mobile_icon.png
| logo alt =
| logo caption =
| screenshot = Screenshot_of_FL_Studio_Mobile.jpeg
| screenshot alt =
| caption = FL Studio Mobile version 3
| collapsible =
| author =
| developer = [[Image-Line]]
| released = {{Start date and age|2011|6|21|df=yes}}
| discontinued =
| ver layout = simple
| latest release version = 4.0.0
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2022|03|28|df=yes}}
| latest preview version =
| latest preview date =
| programming language =
| operating system = [[Android (operating system)|Android]], [[ChromeOS]], [[iOS]] & [[macOS]], [[Microsoft Windows]]
| platform =
| size =
| language = English
| language count =
| language footnote = EES
| genre = [[Digital audio workstation]]
| license = [[Proprietary software|Proprietary]]
| website = {{URL|https://www.image-line.com/fl-studio-mobile/}}
| repo =
| standard =
| AsOf =
}}

'''FL Studio Mobile''' is a [[digital audio workstation]] available for [[Android (operating system)|Android]], [[iOS (Apple)|iOS]] and [[Universal Windows Platform|Windows UWP]].

The program allows for the creation of complete multi-track music projects, which can then be exported in [[WAV]], [[MP3]] and [[MIDI]] formats, to work with other digital audio workstations, or in FLM project format to be opened in [[FL Studio]] 10.0.5 <ref name="betanews"/> or later. Various features include a [[step sequencer]], [[piano roll]], [[Keyboard instrument|keyboard]], [[drum pad]], track editor, [[Audio signal processing|effects]], and 133 sampled instruments including [[synths]] and [[drum kits]].<ref name="get"/><ref name="endgadget"/> Instruments can also be added as .zip or .instr files.<ref name="oneone">{{cite news
|title = FL Studio Mobile version 1.1
|url = http://www.image-line.com/documents/news.php?entry_id=1310376126&title=fl-studio-mobile-11
|publisher = Image-Line
|date = July 23, 2011
|access-date = August 5, 2011
|archive-date = June 19, 2018
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180619140229/http://www.image-line.com/documents/news.php?entry_id=1310376126&title=fl-studio-mobile-11
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>

==Release==
On June 21, 2011,<ref name="softpedia"/> [[Image-Line]] released FL Studio Mobile and FL Studio Mobile HD, versions of their [[Windows]] [[digital audio workstation]] [[FL Studio]]. FL Studio Mobile was designed by Artua<ref name="artua"/> and developed in cooperation with the makers of Music Studio.<ref name="iphone"/><ref name="xewton"/> Image-Line released the program at an introductory price of $15.99 ($19.99 for the HD version),<ref name="ifans"/><ref name="cafe"/><ref name="touchpr"/> and both versions are available for download at the [[App Store (iOS)|App Store]].<ref name="get"/> In November/December 2016 Image-Line released FL Studio Mobile 3 on the Android (Google Play Store) then iOS (Apple App Store) and finally Windows (Windows App Store). FL Studio Mobile 3 was a completely new application developed in-house at Image-Line, replacing the existing FL Studio Mobile 2, Artua developed version. The price was revised downward to US$14.99.

FL Studio Mobile 1.0 is compatible with devices that operate [[iOS (Apple)|iOS]] 3.1.3 or later,<ref name="appstore"/> specifically all [[iPhones]] and [[iPod Touch]] models.<ref name="betanews"/> [[iPad 1]] and [[iPad 2]]<ref name="ipad"/> can run either FL Studio Mobile or FL Studio Mobile HD, and the HD version requires iOS 4.2 or later.<ref name="iphone"/><ref name="betanews"/><ref name="created"/> The [[iPhone 4]] version includes [[Retina Display]] support.<ref name="iphone"/><ref name="flstudiomboilehome"/>

==Features==
;Track editor
The program has a track editor mode that supports 99 layered tracks.<ref name="endgadget"/><ref name="flstudiomboilehome"/> Features include adding, duplicating, and deleting tracks, changing the track's instruments, setting song [[key signature|signature]] and [[tempo]], an effect [[bus (computing)|bus]] setting, a [[Panning (audio)|pan]] knob, a volume fader, and mute and solo buttons.<ref name="iphone"/><ref name="ipad"/>

;Piano roll editor
The [[piano roll]] editor<ref name="flstudiomboilehome"/> allows for manually drawing notes, selecting multiple notes by dragging a rectangle, changing the length of multiple notes at once, setting note volume, and moving, duplicating, and quantizing notes.<ref name="iphone"/><ref name="ipad"/>

;Step sequencer
The [[step sequencer]] allows for recording one measure of a melody or beat at a time, then turning it into a loop. It allows for the creation of multiple sounds in one instrument track, and adjusting the [[pitch (music)|pitch]] and velocity of each individual step.<ref name="iphone"/><ref name="ipad"/>

;Keyboard and drum pad
[[File:Akai Synthstation 25.jpg|thumb|140px|[[Akai]] Synthstation 25 (left hand is touching connected iPhone)]]
The [[Keyboard instrument|keyboard]] feature is both resizable and stackable,<ref name="flstudiomboilehome"/> allowing for 5 simultaneous touches, and 10 touches on the iPad. It has 3 key label modes, fullscreen support, melody and loop recording, two device orientations, and a fully configurable [[metronome]].<ref name="iphone"/><ref name="ipad"/> Pitch-bend and velocity can be applied to notes entered with the keyboard, [[drum pad]]s or the piano-roll editor.<ref name="addict"/><ref name="appwhisperer"/> The non-HD version is compatible with the [[Akai]] [[Akai#Current products|SynthStation 25]], a plug-in piano keyboard for iPhone and iPod Touch.<ref name="flstudiomboilehome"/>

;Instruments
Version 1.0 comes built in with 133 sampled instruments,<ref name="flstudiomboilehome"/><ref name="addict"/> which cover musical styles such as [[classical music|classical]], [[jazz]], [[rock music|rock]], [[electronic music|electronic]], and others. There are [[synths]] and [[drum kits]] included, as well as Slicex Loops. Pitchbend can be controlled with device tilt.<ref name="iphone"/><ref name="ipad"/><ref name="flstudiomboilehome"/> [[iOS (Apple)|iOS]], and therefore FL Studio Mobile, does not support [[Virtual Studio Technology|VST]] [[plug-in (computing)|plugins]].<ref name="get"/><ref name="endgadget"/> As of version 1.1, user instruments can be created using .instr and .zip files.<ref name="oneone"/>

;Effects
Version 1.0 comes with 5 real-time effects,<ref name="flstudiomboilehome"/> including [[reverb]], [[delay (audio effect)|delay]] to create echo, [[Equalization (audio)|equalizer]], [[amplifier|amp simulator]] with two overdrive types, and [[Filter (signal processing)|filter]] with resonance and optional tilt control. There is also a [[limiter]] for song volume.<ref name="iphone"/><ref name="ipad"/> Effects can be turned on or off on an individual channel or applied to an entire project.<ref name="addict"/>

===Importing, exporting===
Version 1.0 doesn't support importing samples,<ref name="addict"/> though Image-Line has announced that future updates will incorporate the feature.<ref name="get"/><ref name="created"/> The program supports [[iTunes]] file sharing, and audio can be exported in [[WAV]]<ref name="iphone"/><ref name="ipad"/> and [[MIDI]] formats so they can be worked on in other digital audio workstations.<ref name="iphone"/><ref name="ipad"/><ref name="flstudiomboilehome"/> Projects can be saved in .FLM format and then loaded onto [[Microsoft Windows]] to be opened with [[FL Studio]] version 10.0.5. or later.<ref name="iphone"/><ref name="betanews"/> This can be done either on a [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] [[Personal computer|PC]] running FL studio natively, or an [[Apple Inc.|Apple]] computer using either [[Boot Camp (software)|Boot Camp]] or [[virtualization]].<ref name="created"/><ref name="addict"/>

==Version history==
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:left;"
|-
! Version
! Release
! FL Studio Mobile
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1.0.0
| style="text-align:center;"|June 21, 2011
|For all [[iOS (Apple)|iOS]] devices,<ref name="betanews"/> with HD for iPad and iPad 2. 133 preset instruments and five real-time effects included. Project files can be exported to be used in [[FL Studio]].<ref name="ipad"/>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1.0.5
| style="text-align:center;"|2011
|For all [[iOS (Apple)|iOS]] devices,<ref name="betanews"/> with HD for iPad and iPad 2. 133 preset instruments and five real-time effects included. Project files can be exported to be used in [[FL Studio]].<ref name="ipad"/>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1.1.0
| style="text-align:center;"|July 23, 2011
|Added ability to create user instruments from .instr and [[.zip]] files. Record button added to filter screen, and filter track editing added to bar editor. Using [[Sonoma Wire Works|Sonoma]] AudioCopy, audio can be sent to other apps via Export.<ref name="oneone"/>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1.2.0
| style="text-align:center;"|December 20, 2011
|Custom Instrument Button (on Instruments list). AudioPaste. Swing (in the Step Editor). SoundCloud export/upload. AAC (.m4a) export. All WAV formats now supported for sample import. Numerous bugfixes & performance enhancements.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1.2.1
| style="text-align:center;"|January 6, 2012
|AudioPaste: an arbitrary sample name can be entered. In the SoundCloud popup window, the user name can be tapped to log out. Bug fixes.
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1.3.1
| style="text-align:center;"|June 21, 2014
|For all Android and [[iOS (Apple)|iOS]] devices,<ref name="betanews"/> with HD for iPad and iPad 2. 133 preset instruments and five real-time effects included. Audio tracks and wave editor, along with MiniSynth plugin synthesizer. Background audio (playback while the app runs in the background). Projects (in .flm format) are compatible between Android and iOS, if audio tracks are present they are ignored. If instruments are not available the MIDI data is loaded and then a default instrument is used. Project files can be exported to desktop version of [[FL Studio]].<ref name="ipad"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kvraudio.com/news/image-line-updates-fl-studio-mobile-for-android-to-v1-3-24920 |title=KVR: Image Line updates FL Studio Mobile for Android to v1.3 |work=Kvraudio.com |date=February 7, 2014 |access-date=August 28, 2018}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|Android 2.0 <br /> iOS 2.4
| style="text-align:center;"|September 2014
|For the [[Android (operating system)|Android]] version, Audio Tracks, Wave editor, and Audio Recording have been added. Many small tweaks, improvements, and bug fixes have been implemented. For the [[iOS (Apple)|iOS]] devices,<ref name="betanews"/> with HD for iPad and iPad 2. 133 preset instruments and five real-time effects included. Audio tracks and wave editor, along with MiniSynth plugin synthesizer. Background audio (playback while the app runs in the background). Projects (in .flm format) are compatible between Android and iOS, if audio tracks are present they are ignored. If instruments are not available the MIDI data is loaded and the a default instrument is used. Project files can be exported to desktop version of [[FL Studio]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kvraudio.com/news/image-line-releases-updates-for-fl-studio-mobile-android-v2-0-ios-v2-4-and-fl-studio-v11-1-1-27478 |title=KVR: Image Line releases updates for FL Studio Mobile |work=Kvraudio.com |date=September 25, 2014 |access-date=August 28, 2018}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|3.0
| style="text-align:center;"|December 2016
|Because of development issues between the IOS and Android versions, FL Mobile 3 was a complete ground-up rewrite that departs radically from previous versions. The update was a free update from the previous version with FL Mobile being able to load FLM 2 files, although the results might not be identical soundwise due to the architecture change.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.image-line.com/documents/news.php?entry_id=1480570295&title=fl-studio-mobile-3--all-platforms|title=FL Studio Mobile 3 {{!}} All Platforms|access-date=May 29, 2018|language=en}}</ref>
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|4.0
| style="text-align:center;"|March 2022
|New modules: Slicer, Multiband compressor. Workflow features: Scale-locked keyboard, Scale guess in the piano roll, Gain and Mix controls for every module, Timeline selection rendering, Recovery for recently deleted files, Audiobus 3 compatibility on iOS, Sample-accurate latency compensation (iOS and MacOS). UI updates: Themes, New shop, Sample preview in the Browser, Improved mouse support (Hover animations, right-click actions, scroll in the Playlist), Computer keyboard navigation: escape to dismiss popups, enter to accept prompts, tab and shift-tab to iterate through controls. Continuous scrolling during playback, CPU meter (aka Buffer Health meter). Content: 2 new free products (Essential Pianos, Drumful Treasure), New paid products (Oldschool Breakbeats), New factory presets (Limiter), New demo project Parrik
|}

==FL Studio Mobile ==

FL Studio Mobile 3 was released on the Google Play Store on October 25, 2016. The iOS and Windows UWP versions were released two months later.

==See also==

*[[Sytrus]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em| refs =

<ref name="iphone">{{cite news
| title = FL Studio Mobile iPhone
| url = http://www.image-line.com/documents/iphone.html
| publisher = Image-Line
| access-date = June 22, 2011
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110624175348/http://www.image-line.com/documents/iphone.html
| archive-date = June 24, 2011
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>

<ref name="ipad">{{cite news
|title = FL Studio Mobile iPad (HD)
|url = http://www.image-line.com/documents/ipad.html
|publisher = Image-Line
|date = June 20, 2011
|access-date = June 22, 2011
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110623030124/http://www.image-line.com/documents/ipad.html
|archive-date = June 23, 2011
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>

<ref name="get">{{cite news
| title = Get FL Studio Mobile
| url = http://www.image-line.com/documents/news.php?entry_id=1307332924&title=get-fl-studio-mobile
| publisher = Image-Line
| date = June 21, 2011
| access-date = June 22, 2011
}}</ref>

<ref name="betanews">{{cite news
| title = FL Studio breaks its 13-year Windows-only run, launches new iOS app
| first = Tim
| last = Conneally
| url = http://www.betanews.com/article/FL-Studio-breaks-its-13year-Windowsonly-run-launches-new-iOS-app/1308669170
| newspaper = Beta News
| date = June 21, 2011
| access-date = June 22, 2011
}}</ref>

<ref name="endgadget">{{cite news
| title = FL Studio Mobile lands on iOS, more indie rap albums to be produced while commuting
| first = Terrence
| last = O'Brien
| url = https://www.engadget.com/2011/06/22/fl-studio-mobile-lands-on-ios-more-indie-rap-albums-to-be-produ/
| publisher = EnGadget
| date = June 22, 2011
| access-date = June 22, 2011
}}</ref>

<ref name="softpedia">{{cite news
| title = Download FL Studio Mobile for iPhone, iPad
| url = http://news.softpedia.com/news/Download-FL-Studio-Mobile-for-iPhone-iPad-207276.shtml
| publisher = SoftPedia
| date = June 20, 2011
| access-date = June 22, 2011
}}</ref>

<ref name="artua">{{cite news
| title = FL Studio Mobile design
| url = http://artua.com/iphone-app-design-fl-mobile/
| publisher = Artua
| date = September 11, 2012
| access-date = July 17, 2015
}}</ref>

<ref name="xewton">{{cite news
| title = Music Studio
| url = http://www.xewton.com/musicstudio/overview/
| publisher = Xewton
| access-date = June 22, 2011
| url-status= usurped
| archive-date = 19 June 2018
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180619140238/http://www.xewton.com/musicstudio/overview/
}}</ref>

<ref name="ifans">{{cite news
|title = FL Studio Mobile now available on the App Store
|first = Joe
|last = Rossignol
|url = http://www.ifans.com/blog/24642/
|publisher = iFans
|date = June 22, 2011
|access-date = June 22, 2011
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110626054240/http://www.ifans.com/blog/24642
|archive-date = June 26, 2011
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>

<ref name="cafe">{{cite news
|title=FruityLoops Heads To iOS With FL Studio Mobile
|first=Tim
|last=Barribeau
|url=http://www.everythingicafe.com/fruityloops-heads-to-ios-with-fl-studio-mobile/2011/06/21/
|publisher=Everything is Cafe
|date=June 21, 2011
|access-date=June 22, 2011
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007055335/http://www.everythingicafe.com/fruityloops-heads-to-ios-with-fl-studio-mobile/2011/06/21/
|archive-date=October 7, 2011
}}</ref>

<ref name="touchpr">{{cite news
|title = FL Studio for iPad and iPhone is Out!
|first = Nick
|last = Platers
|url = http://touchproducer.com/?p=1459
|publisher = Touch Producer
|date = June 21, 2011
|access-date = June 22, 2011
|archive-date = March 26, 2012
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120326014016/http://touchproducer.com/?p=1459
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>

<ref name="appstore">{{cite news
| title = FL Studio Mobile HD for iPad
| url = https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/fl-studio-mobile-hd/id432850619?mt=8
| publisher = [[iTunes App Store]]
| date = June 21, 2011
| access-date = June 22, 2011
}}</ref>

<ref name="created">{{cite news
| title = FL Studio Mobile, Now Available on iPhone, iPad; Sampling, Android Support to Come
| first = Peter
| last = Kirn
| url = http://createdigitalmusic.com/2011/06/fl-studio-mobile-now-available-on-iphone-ipad-android-to-come/
| publisher = Create Digital Music
| date = June 21, 2011
| access-date = June 22, 2011
}}</ref>

<ref name="flstudiomboilehome">{{cite news
| title = FL Studio Mobile
| url = http://www.image-line.com/documents/flstudiomobile.html
| publisher = Image-Line
| access-date = June 22, 2011
}}</ref>

<ref name="addict">{{cite news
|title = FL Studio Mobile HD: Addictive iPad Music Creation
|first = Nick
|last = Parker
|url = http://evolver.fm/2011/06/22/fl-studio-mobile-hd-addictive-fun-for/
|publisher = Evolver.fm
|date = June 22, 2011
|access-date = June 22, 2011
|archive-date = June 24, 2011
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110624105741/http://evolver.fm/2011/06/22/fl-studio-mobile-hd-addictive-fun-for/
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>

<ref name="appwhisperer">{{cite news
| title = FL Studio Mobile - New iOS Music Project App
| first = Joanne
| last = Carter
| url = http://theappwhisperer.com/2011/06/21/fl-studio-mobile-new-ios-music-project-app/
| publisher = The App Whisperer
| date = June 21, 2011
| access-date = June 22, 2011
}}</ref>

}}

==External links==
*{{Official website|http://www.image-line.com/documents/flstudiomobile.html}}

{{Audio editors}}
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Chapters and verses of the Bible

2024-01-01T13:31:30Z

Ghqlick: Created page with "{{short description|Divisions of books of the Bible}} The [[Gospel according to John – a text showing chapter and verse divisions (King James Version)]] {{Bible-related |AD}} Chapter and verse divisions did not appear in the original texts of Jewish or Christian bibles; such divisions form part of the paratext of the Bible. Since the early 13th century, most copies and editions of the Bible have presented all but the s..."

{{short description|Divisions of books of the Bible}}
[[File:John 1.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|The [[Gospel according to John]] – a text showing chapter and verse divisions ([[King James Version]])]]
{{Bible-related |AD}}

Chapter and verse divisions did not appear in the original texts of Jewish or Christian bibles; such divisions form part of the [[paratext]] of the [[Bible]]. Since the early 13th century, most copies and editions of the Bible have presented all but the shortest of the [[books of the Bible|scriptural books]] with divisions into [[chapter (books)|chapters]], generally a page or so in length. Since the mid-16th century, editors have further subdivided each chapter into verses – each consisting of a few short lines or of one or more sentences. In the [[King James Version]] (KJV) [[Esther 8:9]] is the longest verse<ref name="compellingtruth">{{Cite web|url=https://www.compellingtruth.org/longest-verse-in-the-Bible.html|title=What is the longest verse in the Bible? :: Got Questions Ministries|website= www.compellingtruth.org}}</ref> and [[John 11:35]] is the shortest.<ref name="compellingtruth"/> Sometimes a sentence spans more than one verse, as in the case of [[Ephesians 2:8]]–[[Ephesians 2:9|9]], and sometimes there is more than one sentence in a single verse, as in the case of [[Genesis 1:2]].

The Jewish divisions of the [[Hebrew Bible|Hebrew text]] differ at various points from those used by [[Christian]]s. For instance, Jewish tradition regards the [[Psalms#Superscriptions|ascriptions]] to many [[Psalms]] as independent verses or as parts of the subsequent verses, whereas established Christian practice treats each Psalm ascription as independent and unnumbered, resulting in 116 more verses in Jewish versions than in the Christian texts. Some chapter divisions also occur in different places, e.g. [[Hebrew Bible]]s have [[1 Chronicles 5#Verse numbering|1 Chronicles 5:27–41]]<ref>{{bibleverse|1 Chronicles|5:27–41|HE}}</ref> where Christian translations have [[1 Chronicles 6#Verse numbering|1 Chronicles 6:1–15]].<ref>{{bibleverse|1 Chronicles|6:1–15|KJV}}</ref><ref>[https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:1_Chronicles.6:1%E2%80%936:15#footnote-10456a Footnote to 1 Chronicles 6:1]</ref>

==History==
[[File:Isaiah Wall.jpg|thumb|left|"...they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning hooks: Nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more." ~ [[Isaiah 2:4]] KJV (Bible verse across the street from the [[Headquarters of the United Nations|United Nations Building]] in [[New York City]])]]

===Chapters===
Early manuscripts of the biblical texts did not contain the chapter and verse divisions in the numbered form familiar to modern readers. In antiquity Hebrew texts were divided into paragraphs ([[parashot]]) that were identified by two letters of the [[Hebrew alphabet]]. [[Pe (Semitic letter)|Peh (פ&lrm;)]] indicated an "open" paragraph that began on a new line, while [[Samekh|Samekh (ס&lrm;)]] indicated a "closed" paragraph that began on the same line after a small space.<ref>Ernst Würthwein, ''The Text of the Old Testament'' (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1998), p. 20.</ref> These two letters begin the Hebrew words open ({{lang|hbo|'''p'''atuach}}) and closed ({{lang|hbo|'''s'''atum}}), and are, themselves, open in shape (פ) and closed (ס). The earliest known copies of the [[Book of Isaiah]] from the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]] used parashot divisions, although they differ slightly from the [[Masoretic text|Masoretic]] divisions.<ref name=Wurthwein-2>Würthwein, ''The Text of the Old Testament'', n. 28.</ref>

The [[Hebrew Bible]] was also divided into some larger sections. In Israel, the [[Torah]] (its first five books) were divided into 154 sections so that they could be read through aloud in weekly worship over the course of three years. In Babylonia, it was divided into 53 or 54 sections ([[Parashat ha-Shavua]]) so it could be read through in one year.<ref name=Wurthwein-2/> The [[New Testament]] was divided into topical sections known as [[kephalaia]] by the fourth century. [[Eusebius of Caesarea]] divided the gospels into parts that he listed in tables or ''canons''. Neither of these systems corresponds with modern chapter divisions.<ref>Kurt and Barbara Aland, ''The Text of the New Testament'' (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans and Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1989), pp. 252 ff.</ref> (See fuller discussions below.)

Chapter divisions, with titles, are also found in the 9th-century Tours manuscript Paris Bibliothèque Nationale MS Lat. 3, the so-called Bible of Rorigo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.europeanaregia.eu/en/manuscripts/paris-bibliotheque-nationale-france-mss-latin-3/en|title=Europeana Regia - Paris Bibliothèque nationale de France MSS Latin 3|first=Europeana Regia|last=Consortium}}</ref>

Cardinal archbishop [[Stephen Langton#Chapters of the Bible|Stephen Langton]] and Cardinal [[Hugo de Sancto Caro]] developed different schemas for systematic division of the Bible in the early 13th century. It is the system of Archbishop Langton on which the modern chapter divisions are based.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Hebrew Bible |url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07175a.htm |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=www.newadvent.org}}</ref><ref name=Moore /><ref>{{cite book|first1=Bruce M. |last1=Metzger|author-link1=Bruce M. Metzger|title=The Early Versions of the New Testament: Their Origin, Transmission and Limitations|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1977|page=347}} Cited in {{cite book|url=http://www.roger-pearse.com/weblog/2013/06/21/stephen-langton-and-the-modern-chapter-divisions-of-the-bible/ |title=Stephen Langton and the modern chapter divisions of the bible| translator-first=Roger |translator-last=Pearse|access-date= 21 January 2013}}</ref>

While chapter divisions have become nearly universal, editions of the Bible have sometimes been published without them. Such editions, which typically use thematic or literary criteria to divide the biblical books instead, include [[John Locke|John Locke's]] ''Paraphrase and Notes on the Epistles of St. Paul'' (1707),<ref>London: Awnsham and John Churchill, 1707</ref> [[Alexander Campbell (clergyman)|Alexander Campbell's]] ''The Sacred Writings'' (1826),<ref>1826; repr. Nashville: Gospel Advocate Restoration Reprints, 2001</ref> [[Daniel Berkeley Updike|Daniel Berkeley Updike's]] fourteen-volume ''The Holy Bible Containing the Old and New Testaments and the Apocrypha,'' [[Richard Green Moulton|Richard Moulton's]] ''The Modern Reader's Bible'' (1907),<ref>New York: Macmillan, 1907</ref> [[Ernest Sutherland Bates|Ernest Sutherland Bates's]] ''The Bible Designed to Be Read as Living Literature'' (1936),<ref>New York: Simon and Schuster, 1936</ref> ''[[The Books of the Bible]]'' (2007) from the [[International Bible Society]] ([[Biblica]]), Adam Lewis Greene's five-volume ''[[Bibliotheca (Bible)|Bibliotheca]]'' (2014),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bibliotheca.co/|title=Bibliotheca Multivolume Readers' Bible Homepage|website=BIBLIOTHECA|language=en-US|access-date=2017-10-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/2014/7/22/5922855/bibliotheca-bible-kickstarter-campaign-adam-greene-interview|title=The Bible's a mess, but a designer is fixing it|work=The Verge|access-date=2017-10-22}}</ref> and the six-volume [[English Standard Version|ESV Reader's Bible]]<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.crossway.org/bibles/esv-readers-bible-none-tru/|title=ESV Reader's Bible|date=30 June 2014|isbn=9781433544125|last1=Bibles|first1=Crossway}}</ref> (2016) from [[Good News Publishers|Crossway Books]].

===Verses===
[[File:Elias Hutter 1602.jpg|thumb|[[Isaiah 40|Isaiah chapter 40]], verse 8 in Hebrew, Greek, Latin and German, with the verse analysed word-by-word. In English, this verse is translated "The grass withers and the flowers fall, but the word of our God endures forever." (from [[Elias Hutter]], 1602)]]
Since at least 916 the [[Tanakh]] has contained an extensive system of multiple levels of section, paragraph, and phrasal divisions that were indicated in [[Masoretic]] vocalization and [[Hebrew cantillation|cantillation markings]]. One of the most frequent of these was a special type of punctuation, the ''[[sof passuq]]'', symbol for a period or sentence break, resembling the [[Colon (punctuation)|colon]] (:) of English and Latin orthography. With the advent of the printing press and the translation of the [[Hebrew Bible]] into English, versifications were made that correspond predominantly with the existing Hebrew sentence breaks, with a few isolated exceptions. Most attribute these to Rabbi [[Isaac Nathan ben Kalonymus]]'s work for the first Hebrew [[Bible concordance]] around 1440.<ref name=Moore>Moore, G.F. [https://www.jstor.org/pss/3259119 The Vulgate Chapters and Numbered Verses in the Hebrew Bible], pages 73–78 at [[JSTOR]]. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/3259119?seq=3 page 75]</ref>

The first person to divide New Testament chapters into verses was the Italian Dominican biblical scholar [[Santes Pagnino]] (1470–1541), but his system was never widely adopted.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Bible: A History|author1=Miller, Stephen M.|author2=Huber, Robert V.|year=2004|publisher=Good Books|isbn=1-56148-414-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/biblehistorymaki0000mill/page/173 173]|url=https://archive.org/details/biblehistorymaki0000mill/page/173}}</ref> His verse divisions in the New Testament were far longer than those known today.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url = http://tools.pitts.emory.edu/Printer/|title = Pitts Theology Library Exhibit on the Verses of the New Testament}}</ref> The Parisian printer [[Robert Estienne]] created another numbering in his 1551 edition of the Greek New Testament,<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Bible Study Magazine |url=https://www.logos.com/grow/bible-study-magazine/ |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=Word by Word |pages=46–47 |language=en-US}}</ref> which was also used in his 1553 publication of the Bible in French. Estienne's system of division was widely adopted, and it is this system which is found in almost all modern Bibles. Estienne produced a 1555 Vulgate that is the first Bible to include the verse numbers integrated into the text. Before this work, they were printed in the margins.<ref name=":0" />

The first English New Testament to use the verse divisions was a 1557 translation by [[William Whittingham]] (c. 1524–1579). The first Bible in English to use both chapters and verses was the [[Geneva Bible]] published shortly afterwards by [[Rowland Hill (MP)|Sir Rowland Hill]]<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yzxfAAAAcAAJ&dq=sir+rowland+hill+bible+geneva+bible&pg=PP27 |title=The Holy Bible ... With a General Introduction and Short Explanatory Notes, by B. Boothroyd |date=1836 |publisher=James Duncan |language=en}}</ref> in 1560. These verse divisions soon gained acceptance as a standard way to notate verses, and have since been used in nearly all English Bibles and the vast majority of those in other languages.

==Jewish tradition==
{{Main|Hebrew Bible}}
The [[Masoretic Text]] of the Hebrew Bible notes several different kinds of subdivisions within the biblical books:

===''Passukim''===
Most important are the verses, or ''passukim'' ([[Mishnaic Hebrew|MH]] spelling; now pronounced ''pesukim'' by all speakers). According to [[Talmud]]ic tradition, the division of the text into verses is of ancient origin.<ref>Babylonian Talmud, ''Nedarim'' 37b</ref> In Masoretic versions of the Bible, the end of a verse, or ''[[sof passuk]]'', is indicated by a small mark in its final word called a ''silluq'' (which means "stop"). Less formally, verse endings are usually also indicated by two vertical dots following the word with a ''silluq''.

===''Parashot''===
The [[Masoretic Text]] also contains sections, or portions, called ''[[Parashah|parashot]]'' or ''parashiyot''. The end of a ''parashah'' is usually indicated by a space within a line (a "closed" section) or a new line beginning (an "open" section). The division of the text reflected in the ''parashot'' is usually thematic. Unlike chapters, the ''parashot'' are not numbered, but some of them have special titles.

In early manuscripts (most importantly in [[Tiberian vocalization|Tiberian]] Masoretic manuscripts, such as the [[Aleppo codex]]), an "open" section may also be represented by a blank line, and a "closed" section by a new line that is slightly indented (the preceding line may also not be full). These latter conventions are no longer used in Torah scrolls and printed Hebrew Bibles. In this system, the one rule differentiating "open" and "closed" sections is that "open" sections must ''always'' start at the beginning of a new line, while "closed" sections ''never'' start at the beginning of a new line.

===''Sedarim''===
Another division of the biblical books found in the Masoretic Text is the division into ''[[Seder (Bible)|sedarim]]''. This division is not thematic, but is almost entirely based upon the ''quantity'' of text. For the [[Torah]], this division reflects the triennial cycle of reading that was practiced by the Jews of the Land of Israel.

==Christian versions==
The Byzantines also introduced a concept roughly similar to chapter divisions, called ''kephalaia'' (singular ''kephalaion'', literally meaning ''heading'').<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thetextofthegospels.com/2016/04/kephalaia-ancient-chapters-of-gospels.html |title=Kephalaia: The Ancient Chapters of the Gospels |last=Snapp | first=James |date=15 April 2016 |access-date=31 March 2018}}</ref> This system, which was in place no later than the 5th century, is not identical to the present chapters. Unlike the modern chapters, which tend to be of roughly similar length, the distance from one ''kephalaion'' mark to the next varied greatly in length both within a book and from one book to the next. For example, the [[Sermon on the Mount]], comprising three chapters in the modern system, has but one ''kephalaion'' mark, while the single modern [[Matthew 8|chapter 8]] of the [[Gospel of Matthew]] has several, one per miracle. Moreover, there were far fewer ''kephalaia'' in the [[Gospel of John]] than in the [[Gospel of Mark]], even though the latter is the shorter text. In the manuscripts, the ''kephalaia'' with their numbers, their standard titles (''titloi'') and their page numbers would be listed at the beginning of each biblical book; in the book's main body, they would be marked only with arrow-shaped or asterisk-like symbols in the margin, not in the text itself.

The titles usually referred to the first event or the first theological point of the section only, and some ''kephalaia'' are manifestly incomplete if one stops reading at the point where the next ''kephalaion'' begins (for example, the combined accounts of the miracles of the [[Daughter of Jairus]] and of the [[Christ healing the bleeding woman|healing of the woman with a haemorrhage]] gets two marked ''kephalaia'', one titled ''of the daughter of the synagogue ruler'' at the beginning when the ruler approaches Jesus and one titled ''of the woman with the flow of blood'' where the woman enters the picture – well before the ruler's daughter is healed and the storyline of the previous ''kephalaion'' is thus properly concluded). Thus the ''kephalaia'' marks are rather more like a system of bookmarks or links into a continuous text, helping a reader to quickly find one of several well-known episodes, than like a true system of chapter divisions.

Cardinal [[Hugh of St Cher|Hugo de Sancto Caro]] is often given credit for first dividing the [[Latin Vulgate]] into chapters in the real sense, but it is the arrangement of his contemporary and fellow cardinal [[Stephen Langton]] who in 1205 created the chapter divisions which are used today. They were then inserted into Greek manuscripts of the New Testament in the 16th century. [[Robert Estienne]] (Robert Stephanus) was the first to number the verses within each chapter, his verse numbers entering printed editions in 1551 (New Testament) and 1553 (Hebrew Bible).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095504230;jsessionid=3C7543969D4E0D73661D5EA32AA11DF2|title=Oxford Reference}}</ref>

The division of the Bible into chapters and verses has received criticism from some traditionalists and modern scholars. Critics state that the text is often divided in an incoherent way, or at inappropriate rhetorical points, and that it encourages citing passages out of context. Nevertheless, the chapter and verse numbers have become indispensable as technical references for Bible study.

Several modern publications of the Bible have eliminated numbering of chapters and verses. [[Biblica]] published such a version of the [[NIV]] in 2007 and 2011. In 2014, [[Crossway Books|Crossway]] published the [[ESV]] Reader's Bible and ''[[Bibliotheca (Bible)|Bibliotheca]]'' published a modified ASV.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Zylstra |first=Sarah Eekhof |title=Introducing the Bible! Now with Less! |journal=[[Christianity Today]] |date=25 July 2014 |access-date=23 August 2014 |url=http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2014/july-web-only/bibliotheca-readers-bible.html}}</ref> Projects such as Icthus<ref name="Icthus">{{Cite web|url=http://icthusapp.com/|title=Icthus|website=Icthus}}</ref> also exist which strip chapter and verse numbers from existing translations.

=={{anchor|Statistics}}Bible statistics==
The number of words can vary depending upon aspects such as whether the Hebrew alphabet in Psalm 119, the superscriptions listed in some of the Psalms, and the subscripts traditionally found at the end of the Pauline epistles, are included.

Except where stated, the following apply to the [[King James Version]] of the Bible in its modern 66-book Protestant form including the New Testament and the [[protocanonical]] Old Testament, not the [[deuterocanonical books]].

===Chapters===
* There are 929 chapters in the [[Old Testament]].
** 187 chapters in the [[Pentateuch]]
** 249 chapters in the [[Historical books]]
** 243 chapters in the [[Sapiential Books|Poetic books ("Wisdom")]]
** 183 chapters in the [[Major prophet]]s
** 67 chapters in the [[Twelve Minor Prophets|Minor prophets]]
* There are 260 chapters in the [[New Testament]].
** 89 chapters in the [[Gospel]]s
** 28 chapters in [[Acts of the Apostles|Acts]]
** 87 chapters in the [[Pauline Epistles]] (excluding [[Epistle to the Hebrews|Hebrews]])
** 34 chapters in the [[General Epistles]] (including Hebrews)
** 22 chapters in [[Book of Revelation|Revelation]]
* This gives a total of 1,189 chapters (on average, 18 per book).
* [[Psalm 117]], the shortest chapter, is also the middle chapter of the Bible, being the 595th Chapter.<ref name=midbible>[http://www.breakthechain.org/exclusives/midbible.html The Center of the Bible] {{webarchive |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20050828035123/http://www.breakthechain.org/exclusives/midbible.html |date=August 28, 2005 }} at Break The Chain.</ref>
* [[Psalm 119]] is the longest chapter of the Bible.
* Five books are a single chapter: [[Book of Obadiah|Obadiah]], [[Epistle to Philemon|Philemon]], [[2 John|2]] & [[3 John]], [[Epistle of Jude|Jude]]. In many printed editions, the chapter number is omitted for these books, and references just use the verse numbers.

{| class="wikitable" style="float:left; margin:25px"
|+ Old Testament – 929 chapters<ref name="blueletterbiblebooks" />
|-
! colspan=2|Book / Division !! colspan=2|Chapters
|- style="border-top-width:3px; border-top-style:solid; font-size:1.1em; font-weight:bold"
| colspan=2|Pentateuch (or the Law) || style="text-align:right;border:none" | 187 || style="border:none"|
|-
| style="border:none"| || [[Book of Genesis|Genesis]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|50
|-
| || [[Book of Exodus|Exodus]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|40
|-
| || [[Leviticus]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|27
|-
| || [[Book of Numbers|Numbers]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|36
|-
| || [[Deuteronomy]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|34
|- style="border-top-width:3px; border-top-style:solid; font-size:1.1em; font-weight:bold"
|colspan=2|Historical Books || style="text-align:right;border:none"|249 || style="border:none"|
|-
| || [[Book of Joshua|Joshua]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|24
|-
| || [[Book of Judges|Judges]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|21
|-
| || [[Book of Ruth|Ruth]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|4
|-
| || [[1 Samuel]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|31
|-
| || [[2 Samuel]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|24
|-
| || [[1 Kings]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|22
|-
| || [[2 Kings]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|25
|-
| || [[1 Chronicles]]|| colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|29
|-
| || [[2 Chronicles]]|| colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|36
|-
| || [[Book of Ezra|Ezra]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|10
|-
| || [[Book of Nehemiah|Nehemiah]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|13
|-
| || [[Book of Esther|Esther]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|10
|- style="border-top-width:3px; border-top-style:solid; font-size:1.1em; font-weight:bold"
|colspan=2|Books of Wisdom (or "Poetry") || style="text-align:right;border:none"|243 || style="border:none"|
|-
| || [[Book of Job|Job]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|42
|-
| || [[Book of Psalms|Psalms]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|150
|-
| || [[Book of Proverbs|Proverbs]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|31
|-
| || [[Ecclesiastes]]|| colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|12
|-
| || [[Song of Solomon]]|| colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|8
|- style="border-top-width:3px; border-top-style:solid; font-size:1.1em; font-weight:bold"
|colspan=2|Major Prophets || style="text-align:right;border:none"|183 || style="border:none"|
|-
| || [[Book of Isaiah|Isaiah]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|66
|-
| || [[Book of Jeremiah|Jeremiah]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|52
|-
| || [[Book of Lamentations|Lamentations]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|5
|-
| || [[Book of Ezekiel|Ezekiel]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|48
|-
| || [[Book of Daniel|Daniel]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|12
|- style="border-top-width:3px; border-top-style:solid; font-size:1.1em; font-weight:bold"
|colspan=2|Minor Prophets || style="text-align:right;border:none"|67 || style="border:none"|
|-
| || [[Book of Hosea|Hosea]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|14
|-
| || [[Book of Joel|Joel]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|3
|-
| || [[Book of Amos|Amos]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|9
|-
| || [[Book of Obadiah|Obadiah]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|1
|-
| || [[Book of Jonah|Jonah]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|4
|-
| || [[Book of Micah|Micah]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|7
|-
| || [[Book of Nahum|Nahum]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|3
|-
| || [[Book of Habakkuk|Habakkuk]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|3
|-
| || [[Book of Zephaniah|Zephaniah]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|3
|-
| || [[Book of Haggai|Haggai]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|2
|-
| || [[Book of Zechariah|Zechariah]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|14
|-
| || [[Book of Malachi|Malachi]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|4
|}
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:25px; float:left; clear:right"
|+ New Testament – 260 chapters<ref name="blueletterbiblebooks" />
|-
! colspan=2|Book / Division !! colspan=2|Chapters
|- style="border-top-width:3px; border-top-style:solid; font-size:1.1em; font-weight:bold"
|colspan=2|Gospels || style="text-align:right;border:none"|89 || style="border:none"|
|-
| style="border:none"| || [[Gospel of Matthew|Matthew]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|28
|-
| || [[Gospel of Mark|Mark]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|16
|-
| || [[Gospel of Luke|Luke]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|24
|-
| || [[The Gospel According to John|John]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|21
|- style="border-top-width:3px; border-top-style:solid; font-size:1.1em; font-weight:bold"
|colspan=2|History || style="text-align:right;border:none"|28 || style="border:none"|
|-
| || [[Acts]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|28
|- style="border-top-width:3px; border-top-style:solid; font-size:1.1em; font-weight:bold"
|colspan=2|Pauline Epistles || style="text-align:right;border:none"|87 || style="border:none"|
|-
| || [[Epistle to the Romans|Romans]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|16
|-
| || [[1 Corinthians]]|| colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|16
|-
| || [[2 Corinthians]]|| colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|13
|-
| || [[Epistle to the Galatians|Galatians]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|6
|-
| || [[Ephesians]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|6
|-
| || [[Philippians]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|4
|-
| || [[Colossians]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|4
|-
| || [[1 Thessalonians]]|| colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|5
|-
| || [[2 Thessalonians]]|| colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|3
|-
| || [[1 Timothy]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|6
|-
| || [[2 Timothy]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|4
|-
| || [[Epistle to Titus|Titus]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|3
|-
| || [[Epistle to Philemon|Philemon]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|1
|- style="border-top-width:3px; border-top-style:solid; font-size:1.1em; font-weight:bold"
|colspan=2|General Epistles || style="text-align:right;border:none"|34 || style="border:none"|
|-
| || [[Epistle to the Hebrews|Hebrews]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|13
|-
| || [[Epistle of James|James]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|5
|-
| || [[1 Peter]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|5
|-
| || [[2 Peter]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|3
|-
| || [[1 John]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|5
|-
| || [[2 John]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|1
|-
| || [[3 John]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|1
|-
| || [[Epistle of Jude|Jude]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|1
|- style="border-top-width:3px; border-top-style:solid; font-size:1.1em; font-weight:bold"
|colspan=2|Apocalyptic Writings
(Prophecy)
| style="text-align:right;border:none" |22 || style="border:none"|
|-
| || [[Book of Revelation|Revelation]] || colspan=2 style="text-align:right"|22
|}
{{clear}}

===Verses===
* There are 23,145 verses in the Old Testament and 7,957 verses in the New Testament. This gives a total of 31,102 verses,<ref name="blueletterbiblebooks">{{Cite web |title=The 66 Books of the Bible - Study Resources |url=https://www.blueletterbible.org/study/misc/66books.cfm |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=Blue Letter Bible |language=en}}</ref> which is an average of a little more than 26 verses per chapter and 471 verses per book.
* [[Psalm 103]]:1–2 being the 15,551st and 15,552nd verses is in the middle of the 31,102 verses of the Bible.
* [[John 11:35]]<ref>{{bibleref|John|11:35|NASB}}</ref> ("[[Jesus wept]]") is the shortest verse in most English translations. Some translations—including the New International Version, New Living Translation, New Life Version, Holman Christian Standard Bible and New International Reader's Version—render Job 3:2<ref>{{bibleverse||Job|3:2|HE}}</ref> as "He said". However, that is a translators' condensation of the Hebrew which literally translated is: "And Job answered and said."

* The shortest verse in the [[Novum Testamentum Graece|Greek New Testament]] is Luke 20:30<ref>{{bibleverse||Luke|20:30|NASB}}</ref> ("και ο δευτερος", "And the second") with twelve letters, according to the [[The New Testament in the Original Greek|Westcott and Hort]] text. In the [[Textus Receptus]], the shortest verse is 1 Thessalonians 5:16<ref>{{bibleverse|1|Thessalonians|5:16|NASB}}</ref> ("παντοτε χαιρετε", "Rejoice always") with fourteen letters,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bible.org/page.php?page_id=5585 |title=First Thessalonians 5:12–28|first1=John |last1=Walvoord|author-link1=John Walvoord|website=Bible.org}}</ref> since [[Robert Estienne|Stephanus]]' rendering of Luke 20:30 includes some additional words.<ref>[http://studybible.info/LXX_WH-IGNT-KJV/Luke%2020:30 Luke 20:30 και ο δευτερος – and the second] with interlinear Greek-English and KJV<br />[http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=luke%2020:30&version=TR1550;WHNU Luke 20:30], in the 1550 [[Robert Estienne|Stephanus]] New Testament and the 1881 [[The New Testament in the Original Greek|Westcott-Hort]] New Testament.</ref>
* [[1 Chronicles 1]]:24<ref>{{bibleref|1 Chronicles|1:24|ESV}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|chapter-url=http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/nets/edition/13-1suppl-nets.pdf|chapter= 1 Chronicles |title= A New English Translation of the Septuagint}}</ref> ("Σαλα", "[[Selah (biblical figure)|Shelah]]") is the shortest verse in the [[Septuagint]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.academic-bible.com/en/online-bibles/septuagint-lxx/read-the-bible-text/bibel/text/lesen/stelle/13/10001/19999/ch/a90dc3a8a65a5859c839b3468f1ee281/|title=Read the Bible text :: academic-bible.com|website=www.academic-bible.com}}</ref>
* [[1 Kings 12]]:24<ref>{{bibleref|1 Kings|12:24|ESV}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|chapter-url=http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/nets/edition/11-3reigns-nets.pdf |chapter=3 Kings |title=A New English Translation of the Septuagint}}</ref> is the longest verse in the Septuagint (1,017 words).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.academic-bible.com/en/online-bibles/septuagint-lxx/read-the-bible-text/bibel/text/lesen/stelle/11/120001/129999/ch/ac9a14ada853990388b597084de98d4c/|title=Read the Bible text :: academic-bible.com|website=www.academic-bible.com}}</ref>
* [[Isaiah 10]]:8<ref>{{bibleref|Isaiah|10:8|ESV}}</ref> ("{{lang|la|Dicet enim}}", "For he shall say") is the shortest verse in the Latin [[Vulgate]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.latinvulgate.com/verse.aspx?t=0&b=27&c=10|title=Isaias 10|website=LatinVulgate.com}}</ref>
* [[Esther 8:9]]<ref>{{bibleverse||Esther|8:9|ESV}}</ref> is the longest verse in the Masoretic Text. The discovery of several manuscripts at [[Qumran]] (in the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]]) has reopened what is considered the most original text of 1 Samuel 11; if one believes that those manuscripts better preserve the text, several verses in 1 Samuel 11 surpass Esther 8:9 in length.
* [[Exodus 20]]:13,14,15<ref>{{bibleverse||Exodus|20|ESV}}</ref> and [[Deuteronomy 5:17]]<ref>{{bibleverse||Deuteronomy|5:17|ES}}</ref> are the shortest verses in the Masoretic Text.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Read the Bible text :: academic-bible.com |url=https://www.academic-bible.com/en/online-bibles/biblia-hebraica-stuttgartensia-bhs/read-the-bible-text/bibel/text/lesen/stelle/2/200001/209999/ch/ff21ce77cf81042bd9167a711eefbdfe/ |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=www.academic-bible.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Read the Bible text: academic-bible.com |url=https://www.academic-bible.com/en/online-bibles/biblia-hebraica-stuttgartensia-bhs/read-the-bible-text/bibel/text/lesen/stelle/5/50001/59999/ch/fa0bb2f4ac4920b7a4e0d8dd04824775/ |access-date=2023-05-09 |website=www.academic-bible.com}}</ref>
* [[John 11]]:25<ref>{{bibleverse||John|11:25|ESV}}</ref> is the most read verse in funerals.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.funeralhomesusa.com/articles/funeral-quotes-from-the-bible/|title=Funeral Quotes from the Bible}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Bible}}
* [[Bible]]
* [[Bible citation]]
* [[List of New Testament verses not included in modern English translations|List of omitted Bible (New Testament) verses]]
* [[Parashah]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://holyword.church/miscellaneous-resources/how-many-words-in-each-book-of-the-bible/ How Many Words In Each Book of the Bible] Sortable table of data about chapters, verses, words, and other info on each Bible book
* [http://www.crosswire.org/bsisg/download.htm STEP Documentation]
* [http://www.ccel.org/refsys/refsys.html OSIS Documentation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014205114/http://www.ccel.org/refsys/refsys.html |date=2012-10-14 }}

{{Books of the Bible|state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chapters And Verses Of The Bible}}
[[Category:13th-century introductions]]
[[Category:Bible chapters| ]]
[[Category:Bible verses| ]]
[[Category:Referencing systems]]

Visual Artist

2024-01-01T13:28:58Z

Ghqlick: Created page with "A '''visual artist''' is a professional who creates art in the form of photography, paintings, sculptures, drawings or graphic designs. Visual artists may work on a freelance basis, which involves creating art and selling it to a gallery, company or private client. They may also work in a variety of fields, like marketing or design, using their artistic abilities to help a company create branded content. Professionally, a visual artist may complete work for these purpose..."

A '''visual artist''' is a professional who creates art in the form of photography, paintings, sculptures, drawings or graphic designs. Visual artists may work on a freelance basis, which involves creating art and selling it to a gallery, company or private client. They may also work in a variety of fields, like marketing or design, using their artistic abilities to help a company create branded content. Professionally, a visual artist may complete work for these purposes:

'''•Decorative purposes:''' Visual artists may create decorative art to create an appealing look inside of a commercial or residential building. For example, companies may commission visual artists to create decorative art for their offices, or individuals may hire visual artists to create visual art for their homes.

'''•Commercial purposes:''' This is the most common type of visual art, which involves a company hiring a visual artist to create art for marketing and advertising purposes. These types of artists may also work in the video game, film or publishing industries in various stages of production.

'''•Fine art purposes:''' Visual artists may create fine art to place in a gallery or museum. When creating fine art, visual artists typically have a message they're trying to convey or express through their art piece.

Motivational speaker

2024-01-01T13:27:57Z

Ghqlick: Created page with "'''Motivational speakers''' are individuals who address audiences to inspire them and provide them with tools to achieve success. While some motivational speakers may have formal training in psychology or counseling, most do not. Instead, they tend to be successful individuals who have overcome adversity and can share their own stories as examples of what is possible. == Purpose / Definition == A motivational speaker is someone who delivers spee..."

'''Motivational speakers''' are individuals who address audiences to inspire them and provide them with tools to achieve success. While some motivational speakers may have formal training in psychology or counseling, most do not. Instead, they tend to be successful individuals who have overcome adversity and can share their own stories as examples of what is possible.

== Purpose / Definition ==
A [[Suresh Mansharamani|motivational speaker]] is someone who delivers speeches that are meant to stimulate or motivate listeners. These speakers may also aim to challenge or change their audiences' perspectives. The speech itself is commonly referred to as a pep talk. Motivational speakers can influence and impact large groups of people by talking at schools, colleges, places of worship, companies, corporations, government agencies, conferences, and trade shows.

The best motivational speakers are those who can connect with their audience and speak to them in a relatable way. They understand the challenges and obstacles that their audience is facing and can provide them with tangible advice for overcoming these challenges. Great motivational speakers are also master communicators, able to captivate an audience and keep them engaged throughout the entire presentation.

If you're looking for a motivational speaker for your next event, you should keep a few things in mind. First, consider the size of your audience and choose a speaker who is comfortable addressing large groups. Second, consider the overall theme or message you want your event to communicate and look for a speaker who aligns with that message. Finally, check reviews or testimonials from previous clients to get an idea of what others have thought of the speaker's performance.

== Early motivational speakers ==
[[Ralph Waldo Emerson]] (1803-1882) was an American essayist, poet, and philosopher credited as one of the earliest known [[Motivational speakers]] for his work which challenged traditional thinking at the time.

== Techniques and theories ==

There are two main theories for why motivational speakers may be searched externally: Content and Process theories.

Theories on content were established by various philosophers, for example, [[Abraham Maslow]], [[Clayton Alderfer]], [[Frederick Herzberg]], and [[David McClelland]]. These theories concern an individual's inner workings and contemplate what will sustain them long-term while also taking into account different needs that may motivate them. The philosopher's main idea behind these theories is the acknowledgment of every individual's uniqueness.

The process theories help understand people, what will motivate or halt their actions, and how to keep these behaviors going in the long term. By [[Victor Vroom]], [[B.F Skinner]], [[Ruth Kanfer]], and [[Albert Bandura]] - it Iicularly focuses on learning and expectancy needs- we see that individuals usually make choices depending on if they will be compensated or not.

Speakers attempt to demonstrate the beneficial results that could manifest in life and emphasize potential opportunities instead of self-imposed boundaries. People tend to respond better to positive words rather than negative ones and display charisma through verbal and non-verbal social cues. To engage with an audience on a non-verbal level, a speaker might use posture, eye contact, body language, facial expressions, or dress appropriately. They can also change the tone of their voice - including speech pattern, accentuation, and pitch - to show the emotion behind what they are saying.

== Well-known Motivational Speakers ==

<div style="column-count:3">
* [https://www.tonyrobbins.com/ Tony Robbins]
* [https://ericthomas.com/ Eric Thomas]
* [[M. Curtis McCoy]]
* [[Suresh Mansharamani]]
* [[Uma Mansharamani]]
* [https://lesbrown.com/ Les Brown]
* [[Ken Joslin]]
* [[Nick Vujicic]]
* [[Brian Tracy]]
* [[Robert Terell]]
* [[Josh Sundquist]]
* [[Mark Juncaj]]
* [[Mel Robbins]]
* [[Chris Gardner]]
* [[Daniel Gomez]]
* [[Grant Cardone]]
* [[Josh Shipp]]
* [[Robert Kiyosaki]]
* [[Dave Ramsey]]
* [[Shahrez Hayder]]
* [[Eckhart Tolle]]
* [[Suze Orman]]
* [[Amy Purdy]]
* [[Jack Canfield]]
* [[Iyanla Vanzant]]
* [[T. Harv Eker]]
* [[Darren Hardy]]
* [[Simon Sinek]]
* [[Mark Kamp]]
* [[Dan Clark]]
* [[Muniba Mazari]]
* [https://news-wire.com/dylan-smith/ Dylan Smith]
* [[Inky Johnson]]
* [[Oprah Winfrey]]
* [[Devon Harris]]
* [[Rudy Ruettiger]]
* [[Daymond John]]
* [[Magic Johnson]]
* [[Ali R. Jaber]]
</div>

== References ==
<div style="column-count:3">
* [https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesbusinesscouncil/2021/07/21/three-strategies-to-become-a-global-speaker-in-2021-and-beyond/?sh=112f7b36671c Three Strategies To Become A Global Speaker In 2021]
* [https://www.inc.com/amy-morin/how-to-become-a-successful-motivational-speaker.html How to Become a Motivational Speaker - Inc.com]
* [https://www.entrepreneur.com/leadership/the-10-best-entrepreneurial-speakers-for-taking-your-event/287286 The 10 Best Entrepreneurial Speakers for Taking Your Event to the Next Level]
* [https://motivationalspeakerz.com/entrepreneur/ Top 20 Entrepreneur Motivational Speakers In 2022]
* [https://www.thebash.com/services/motivational-speaker Book The Perfect Motivational Speaker - The Bash]

Draft talk:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-01T13:20:48Z

Ghqlick: Ghqlick moved page Draft talk:RG Qluck Wise to Talk:RG Qluck Wise

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-01T13:20:47Z

Ghqlick: Ghqlick moved page Draft:RG Qluck Wise to RG Qluck Wise

{{Short description|Ghanaian record producer (born 2000)}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = RG Qluck Wise
| birth_place = [[Teshie]], [[Ghana]]
| years_active = 2021–present
| occupation = [[Record producer]], [[Graphic Designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]], and [[Visual Artist]]
| genre = {{Flatlist|
* [[Hip hop]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Highlife]]
* [[Hiplife]]
}}
| death_place =
| death_date =
| origin = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2000|02|22}}
| image =
| alias = Wise
| native_name =
| birth_name = Ashong Wisdom Odai
| caption =
| alt =
| landscape =
| image_size =
| label = RG Qluck Wise
| instrument = Keyboard
| website = {{URL|rgqluckwise.art.blog}}
}}

'''Ashong Wisdom Odai''' popularly known as his stage name '''RG Qluck Wise'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-07|title=Who is RG Qluck Wise: A Talented Ghanaian Record Producer|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3277955/who-is-rg-qluck-wise-a-talented-ghanaian-record-producer|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref> is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[record producer]], [[Graphic designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-09|title=Transforming Lives Through Innovative Ideas: The RG Qluck Wise Story {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/transforming-lives-through-innovative-ideas-the-rg-qluck-wise-story/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Visual Artist]]. He founded RGQluckWise.art.blog, a website and blog that publishes news about Ghanaian celebrities, [[Entertainment]], [[Politics]], [[Sports]], General news and [[Chapters and verses of the Bible]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|title=Meet RG Qluck Wise from Greater Accra, a multitalented who believes an idea can change your life|url=https://www.prlog.org/12989919-meet-rg-qluck-wise-from-greater-accra-multitalented-who-believes-an-idea-can-change-your-life.html|access-date=2023-11-21|website=PRLog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=I'm Not Just A Record Producer I Sing Too RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107365574/Im-Not-Just-A-Record-Producer-I-Sing-Too-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Crafting Rhythms and Harmonies: The Divine Gift in Beat Production According to RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107407858/Crafting-Rhythms-and-Harmonies-The-Divine-Gift-in-Beat-Production-According-to-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
He was born and raised up from [[Teshie]] in the [[Greater Accra Region]] to Ashong Tetteh and Comfort Djagbley Anertey.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amdb|title=RG Qluck Wise Biography|url=https://amdb.co/artist/rg-qluck-wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=amdb.co|language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
RG Qluck Wise attended Teshie Anglican primary school and then proceeded to [[Presbyterian Senior High School, Osu]], where he got up interest in visual art.

==Career==
Wise began as a graphic designer but switched to music production after realizing he wasn’t getting the money he wanted.

RG Qluck Wise discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]] during his search for adaptable and easily carried music production solution. He immediately accepted the software as his show up tool for creating beats. His budding talent considers himself a versatile soul, quickly becoming a national phenomenon, who falls in the [[Hip hop]], [[Afrobeats]], [[Highlife]] and [[Hiplife]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise: The Ghanaian Record Producer Who Creates Beats Using FL Studio Mobile|url=https://menafn.com/1107378998/RG-Qluck-Wise-The-Ghanaian-Record-Producer-Who-Creates-Beats-Using-FL-Studio-Mobile|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

== Discography ==

'''Songs produced'''

''Nhyira Beat''<ref>{{Cite web|date=1970-01-01|title=RG Qluck Wise - Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/reporter/post/RG-Qluck-Wise-Nhyira-Beat-138209|access-date=2023-11-21|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-10-18|title=If you haven't already heard of RG Qluck Wise and his "Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3253695/if-you-haven-t-already-heard-of-rg-qluck-wise-and-his-nhyira-beat|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Trapping''<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Trapping: Unveiling the Captivating Beat by Ghanaian Young Record Producer RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/arabic/1107374192/Trapping-Unveiling-the-Captivating-Beat-by-Ghanaian-Young-Record-Producer-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Fame''<ref>{{Cite web|title=How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record|url=https://www.openpr.com/amp/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fame by RG Qluck Wise|url=https://www.afrocharts.com/song?id=e88e8dbe9d|access-date=2023-11-21|website=Afrocharts|language=en}}</ref>

''Photizo''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-19|title=RG Qluck Wise Drops Highly-Anticipated Beat 'Photizo' {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-drops-highly-anticipated-beat-photizo/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-28|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3305258/rg-qluck-wise-unveils-captivating-hip-hop-beat-photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://menafn.com/1107493580/RG-Qluck-Wise-Unveils-Captivating-Hip-Hop-Beat-Photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* Official Website - [https://rgqluckwise.art.blog rgqluckwise.art.blog]
*[https://www.facebook.com/iamrgqluckwise Official Facebook Page]
*[https://www.twitter.com/iamqluckwise Official Twitter Profile]
*[https://t.me/rgqluckwise Official Telegram Channel]
*[[https://www.instagram.com/rg_qluckwise Official Instagram Profile]

{{Ghana-bio-stub}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian record producers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian bloggers]]
[[Category:Graphic designers]]
[[Category:Visual arts]]
[[Category:2000 births]]

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-01T13:15:45Z

Ghqlick:

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2024-01-01T12:56:52Z

Ghqlick: Created page

{{Short description|Ghanaian record producer (born 2000)}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = RG Qluck Wise
| birth_place = [[Teshie]], [[Ghana]]
| years_active = 2021–present
| occupation = [[Record producer]], [[Graphic Designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]], and [[Visual Artist]]
| genre = {{Flatlist|
* [[Hip hop]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Highlife]]
* [[Hiplife]]
}}
| death_place =
| death_date =
| origin = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2000|02|22}}
| image =
| alias = Wise
| native_name =
| birth_name = Ashong Wisdom Odai
| caption =
| alt =
| landscape =
| image_size =
| label = RG Qluck Wise
| instrument = Keyboard
| website = {{URL|rgqluckwise.art.blog}}
}}

'''Ashong Wisdom Odai''' popularly known as his stage name '''RG Qluck Wise'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-07|title=Who is RG Qluck Wise: A Talented Ghanaian Record Producer|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3277955/who-is-rg-qluck-wise-a-talented-ghanaian-record-producer|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref> is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[record producer]], [[Graphic designer]], [[Blogger]], [[Motivational speaker]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-09|title=Transforming Lives Through Innovative Ideas: The RG Qluck Wise Story {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/transforming-lives-through-innovative-ideas-the-rg-qluck-wise-story/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref> and [[Visual Artist]]. He founded RGQluckWise.art.blog, a website and blog that publishes news about Ghanaian celebrities, [[Entertainment]], [[Politics]], [[Sports]], General news and [[Chapters and verses of the Bible]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|title=Meet RG Qluck Wise from Greater Accra, a multitalented who believes an idea can change your life|url=https://www.prlog.org/12989919-meet-rg-qluck-wise-from-greater-accra-multitalented-who-believes-an-idea-can-change-your-life.html|access-date=2023-11-21|website=PRLog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=I'm Not Just A Record Producer I Sing Too RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107365574/Im-Not-Just-A-Record-Producer-I-Sing-Too-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Crafting Rhythms and Harmonies: The Divine Gift in Beat Production According to RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/1107407858/Crafting-Rhythms-and-Harmonies-The-Divine-Gift-in-Beat-Production-According-to-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
He was born and raised up from [[Teshie]] in the [[Greater Accra Region]] to Ashong Tetteh and Comfort Djagbley Anertey.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Amdb|title=RG Qluck Wise Biography|url=https://amdb.co/artist/rg-qluck-wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=amdb.co|language=en}}</ref>

==Education==
RG Qluck Wise attended Teshie Anglican primary school and then proceeded to [[Presbyterian Senior High School, Osu]], where he got up interest in visual art.

==Career==
Wise began as a graphic designer but switched to music production after realizing he wasn’t getting the money he wanted.

RG Qluck Wise discovered [[FL Studio Mobile]] during his search for adaptable and easily carried music production solution. He immediately accepted the software as his show up tool for creating beats. His budding talent considers himself a versatile soul, quickly becoming a national phenomenon, who falls in the [[Hip hop]], [[Afrobeats]], [[Highlife]] and [[Hiplife]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise: The Ghanaian Record Producer Who Creates Beats Using FL Studio Mobile|url=https://menafn.com/1107378998/RG-Qluck-Wise-The-Ghanaian-Record-Producer-Who-Creates-Beats-Using-FL-Studio-Mobile|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

== Discography ==

'''Songs produced'''

''Nhyira Beat''<ref>{{Cite web|date=1970-01-01|title=RG Qluck Wise - Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/reporter/post/RG-Qluck-Wise-Nhyira-Beat-138209|access-date=2023-11-21|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-10-18|title=If you haven't already heard of RG Qluck Wise and his "Nhyira Beat|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3253695/if-you-haven-t-already-heard-of-rg-qluck-wise-and-his-nhyira-beat|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Trapping''<ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=Trapping: Unveiling the Captivating Beat by Ghanaian Young Record Producer RG Qluck Wise|url=https://menafn.com/arabic/1107374192/Trapping-Unveiling-the-Captivating-Beat-by-Ghanaian-Young-Record-Producer-RG-Qluck-Wise|access-date=2023-11-21|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

''Fame''<ref>{{Cite web|title=How a viral song made RG Qluck Wise one of Ghana's rising record|url=https://www.openpr.com/amp/3260612/how-a-viral-song-made-rg-qluck-wise-one-of-ghana-s-rising-record|access-date=2023-11-21|website=www.openpr.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Fame by RG Qluck Wise|url=https://www.afrocharts.com/song?id=e88e8dbe9d|access-date=2023-11-21|website=Afrocharts|language=en}}</ref>

''Photizo''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=News|date=2023-11-19|title=RG Qluck Wise Drops Highly-Anticipated Beat 'Photizo' {{!}} News Ghana|url=https://newsghana.com.gh/rg-qluck-wise-drops-highly-anticipated-beat-photizo/|access-date=2023-11-21|website=https://newsghana.com.gh|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gh|first=Daily News|date=2023-11-28|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://www.openpr.com/news/3305258/rg-qluck-wise-unveils-captivating-hip-hop-beat-photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=www.openpr.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=MENAFN|title=RG Qluck Wise Unveils Captivating Hip Hop Beat 'Photizo'|url=https://menafn.com/1107493580/RG-Qluck-Wise-Unveils-Captivating-Hip-Hop-Beat-Photizo|access-date=2023-11-28|website=menafn.com|language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* Official Website - [https://rgqluckwise.art.blog rgqluckwise.art.blog]
*[https://www.facebook.com/iamrgqluckwise Official Facebook Page]
*[https://www.twitter.com/iamqluckwise Official Twitter Profile]
*[https://t.me/rgqluckwise Official Telegram Channel]
*[[https://www.instagram.com/rg_qluckwise Official Instagram Profile]
{{Commons}}

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian record producers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian people]]
[[Category:Ghanaian bloggers]]
[[Category:Graphic designers]]
[[Category:Visual arts]]
[[Category:2000 births]]

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2022-11-10T10:40:07Z

Ghqlick:

{{Short description|Ghanaian musician (born 2000)}}{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = RG Qluck Wise
| birth_place = [[Teshie]], [[Ghana]]
| years_active = 2021–present
| occupation = [[Music producer]], [[Graphic designer]], [[Visual artist]]
| genre = {{Flatlist|
* [[Hip hop]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Highlife]]
* [[Hiplife]]
}}
| organization = [[Daily News Gh]]
| nationality = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| death_place =
| death_date =
| origin = [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|2000|02|22}}
| image =
| alias = Wise
| native_name =
| birth_name = Ashong Wisdom Odai
| caption =
| alt =
| landscape =
| citizenship = [[Ghana]]
| image_size =
| known for = [[Web designer]]
| label = Wise Up Music
| website = https://rg-qluck-wise.yolasite.com
| instrument = Keyboard
}}

'''Ashong Wisdom Odai''' (born 22 February 2000), popularly known as '''RG Qluck Wise'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=About RG Qluck Wise, Career, Early life and Education, Song recorded |url=https://www.zupyak.com/p/3005335/t/about-rg-qluck-wise-career-early-life-and-education-song-recorded |access-date=2022-03-09 |website=Zupyak}}</ref> is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[music producer]], [[graphic designer]], [[motivator]], [[visual artist]] and [[Blogger]] from [[Teshie]]. He is a self-esteem and believes in hard working and also believes that he would get a great results out of his hard working.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wise |first=Kwabena |date=2022-01-25 |title=Biography of RG Qluck Wise |url=https://dailynewsgh.news.blog/2022/01/25/biography-of-rg-qluck-wise/ |access-date=2022-03-07 |website=Daily News Gh |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
He was born and raised up from [[Teshie]] in the [[Greater Accra Region]]. He completed [[Presbyterian Senior High School, Osu]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=ghanamansports |date=2018-01-11 |title=OSU PRESEC ARE THE WINNERS OF THE 2018 NATIONAL SPRITE BALL COMPETITION |url=https://ghanamansports.com/2018/01/11/osu-presec-winners-2018-national-sprite-ball-competition/ |access-date=2022-03-18 |website=GhanaManSports |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=How PRESEC, Osu shocked Mfantsipim at the Spriteball Basketball Championship |url=https://www.graphic.com.gh/sports/sports-news/how-presec-osu-shocked-mfantsipim-at-the-spriteball-basketball-championship.html |access-date=2022-03-18 |website=Graphic Online |language=en-gb}}</ref> He wanted to work with artists like [[Teshieboi]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Teshieboi Rebrands To Rebel |url=https://www.modernghana.com/nollywood/36074/teshieboi-rebrands-to-rebel.html |access-date=2022-03-18 |website=Modern Ghana |language=en}}</ref>, [[Yaw Tog]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yaw Tog, Biography |url=https://mobile.ghanaweb.com/person/Yaw-Tog-5659 |access-date=2022-03-18 |website=mobile.ghanaweb.com}}</ref> and [[Black Sherif]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-18 |title=Black Sherif Brings Burna Boy & All The Energy To New Video For 'Second Sermon' Remix |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/black-sherif-ghana-burna-boy/ |access-date=2022-03-18 |website=OkayAfrica |language=en}}</ref>

== Discography ==

=== Songs recorded ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Artist
!song recorded
|-
|RG Qluck Wise
|"Nhyira Beat (Instrumental Version)"<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wise |first=Kwabena |date=2022-04-01 |title=I didn’t know Nhyira Beat would go viral-RG Qluck Wise |url=https://dailynewsgh.news.blog/2022/04/01/i-didnt-know-nhyira-beat-would-go-viral-rg-qluck-wise-2/ |access-date=2022-04-02 |website=Daily News Gh |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|RG Qluck Wise
|"Trapping"
|-
|RG Qluck Wise
|"Fame"<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wise |first=Kwabena |date=2022-03-05 |title=Latest hit from RG Qluck Wise titled Fame |url=https://dailynewsgh.news.blog/2022/03/05/latest-hit-from-rg-qluck-wise-titled-fame/ |access-date=2022-03-07 |website=Daily News Gh |language=en}}</ref>
|}

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=25em}}

== External links ==
[https://www.facebook.com/WisdomOdaiAshong Official Facebook Profile]{{Commons}}

[[Category:Ghanaian designer]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:2000 births]]

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2022-06-27T11:45:37Z

Ghqlick: Ghqlick moved page Draft talk:RG Qluck Wise to Talk:RG Qluck Wise: Although cited reference are not reliable sources, we are here to help articles(subjects) deleted on wikipedia.org to have their articles here thanks.

{{WikiProject Biography|living=yes|class=start|listas=Wise, Qluck, RG|musician-work-group=yes|musician-priority=}}
{{WikiProject Ghana|class=start|importance=}}

User talk:Ghqlick

2022-06-27T11:13:46Z

Ghqlick:

{{Talk header}}

== [[BP:AfC|AfC]] notification: [[Draft:RG Qluck Wise]] has a new comment ==
<div style="border:solid 1px #9accf6;background:#f1f9ff;padding:1em;padding-top:0.5em;padding-bottom:1em;color:black;margin-bottom: 1.5em;width: 100%;"> [[File:AFC-Logo.svg|50px|left]]
I've left a comment on your Articles for Creation submission, which can be viewed at [[Draft:RG Qluck Wise]]. Thanks! [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf|talk]]) 20:21, 25 June 2022 (IST) </div>

Here is a wiki page to help those who articles have been deleted on Wikipedia.org thanks [[User:Ghqlick|Ghqlick]] ([[User talk:Ghqlick#top|talk]]) 16:43, 27 June 2022 (IST)

Draft:RG Qluck Wise

2022-06-25T14:41:42Z

Ghqlick: Ghqlick moved page Draft talk:RG Qluck Wise to Talk:RG Qluck Wise: Page completed

{{WikiProject Biography|living=yes|class=start|listas=Wise, Qluck, RG|musician-work-group=yes|musician-priority=}}
{{WikiProject Ghana|class=start|importance=}}

Category:Ghanaian musicians

2022-06-25T12:36:08Z

Ghqlick: Created category

{{Portal|Biography|Africa|Music}}
{{commons category|Musicians from Ghana}}

{{category explanation|articles about [[musician]]s from the African country of [[Ghana]]}}
{{cat more|music of Ghana}}
{{fooian fooers
| Profession = musicians
| Nationality = Ghanaian
| Country = Ghana
}}
{{category diffuse}}

[[Category:African musicians]]
[[Category:Ghanaian music|+Musicians]]
{{CatAutoTOC}}

Category:Graphic designers

2022-06-25T12:30:38Z

Ghqlick: Created category

{{Portal|Biography|Visual arts}}
{{commons category|Graphic designers}}

[[Category:Graphic artists|Designers]]
[[Category:Designers]]
[[Category:Graphic design|+Designers]]
[[Category:Information visualization experts]]

Blogger

2022-06-25T10:56:08Z

Ghqlick: Created article

{{pp-semi-indef}}
{{short description|Blogging platform currently owned by Google}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2013}}
{{Infobox website
| name = Blogger
| logo = [[File:Blogger icon 2017.svg|90px|Blogger logo]]
| logo_caption =
| screenshot =
| caption = Blogger's Updated Interface
| url = {{URL|https://www.blogger.com/}}
| commercial = Yes
| type = [[Blog publishing system|Blog host]]
| registration = Optional, Free
| language = [[#Available languages|See below]]
| country_of_origin = United States of America
| area_served = Worldwide
| owner = [[Google]]
| founder = Evan Williams, Meg Hourihan
| programming_language = [[Python (programming language)|Python]]<ref name="roadchap">{{cite web|url=http://rogchap.com/2011/09/06/top-40-website-programming-languages/|title=Top 40 Website Programming Languages|work=roadchap.com|author=Roger Chapman|access-date=September 6, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927184557/http://rogchap.com/2011/09/06/top-40-website-programming-languages/ |archive-date=September 27, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
| launch_date = {{Start date and age|1999|8|23}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blogger.com/about |title=The Story of Blogger |publisher=Blogger.com |date=October 8, 2003 |access-date=December 25, 2011}}</ref>
| current_status = Active
}}

'''Blogger''' is an American online [[content management system]] which enables multi-user blogs with time-stamped entries. [[Pyra Labs]] developed it before being acquired by [[Google]] in 2003. Google hosts the blogs, which can be accessed through a subdomain of '''blogspot.com'''. Blogs can also be accessed from a user-owned [[Domain name|custom domain]] (such as www.example.com) by using [[Domain Name System|DNS]] facilities to direct a domain to Google's servers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tweakandtrick.com/2012/02/how-to-move-blogger-blog-to-your-own.html|title=How to Move a Blogger Blog to Your Own Domain: Tips and Tricks|publisher=Tweak And Trick|access-date=June 30, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://support.google.com/blogger/answer/1233387|title=Set up a custom domain - Blogger Help|website=support.google.com|language=en|access-date=2018-06-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://buzz.blogger.com/2015/01/custom-domains-for-your-blog-made-easy_13.html|title=Custom domains for your blog made easy|publisher=buzz.blogger.com|access-date=January 13, 2015}}</ref> A user can have up to 100 blogs or websites per account.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://support.google.com/blogger/answer/42348?hl=en|title=the limits on my Blogger account|access-date=January 8, 2014}}</ref>

Google Blogger also enabled users to publish blogs and websites to their own web hosting server via [[File Transfer Protocol|FTP]] until May 1, 2010. All such blogs and websites had to be redirected to a blogspot.com [[subdomain]] or point their own domain to Google's servers via [[Domain Name System|DNS]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Important Note to FTP Users|url=https://blogger.googleblog.com/2010/01/important-note-to-ftp-users.html|url-status=live|access-date=December 25, 2011|publisher=Official Blogger Blog|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160906223017/https://blogger.googleblog.com/2010/01/important-note-to-ftp-users.html |archive-date=September 6, 2016 }}</ref> Google Blogger has a wide international user base and is available in more than 60 languages, despite its decline in popularity in the United States.{{Citation needed|date=November 2021}}

==History==
[[Pyra Labs]] launched Blogger on August 23, 1999. It is credited with popularizing the format as one of the first dedicated blog-publishing tools. Pyra Labs was purchased by [[Google]] in February 2003 for an undisclosed amount. Premium features, which Pyra had actually offered for a fee, were made free as a result of the takeover. [[Evan Williams (Internet entrepreneur)|Evan Williams]], a co-founder of Pyra Labs, left Google in October 2004. [[Picasa]] was acquired by Google in 2004, and Picasa and its photo-sharing service Hello were incorporated into Blogger, enabling users to upload images to their blogs. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Official Blogger Blog|url=https://blogger.googleblog.com/|access-date=2021-04-20|website=Official Blogger Blog|language=en}}</ref>

Blogger underwent a major redesign on May 9, 2004, which included [[web standards]]-compliant templates, individual archive pages for posts, comments, and email posting. Blogger's new version, codenamed "Invader," was released in [[beta]] alongside the gold update on August 14, 2006. Users were moved to Google servers, and new features such as interface language in French, Italian, German, and Spanish were added.<ref>''[http://buzz.blogger.com/2006/11/blogger-beta-feature-complete.html Blogger Beta: Feature Complete!]'', The official Blogger Buzz, November 2, 2006,.</ref> In December 2006, this new version of Blogger was taken out of beta. By May 2007, Blogger had completely moved over to Google-operated servers. Blogger was ranked 16 on the list of top 50 domains in terms of number of unique visitors in 2007.<ref>[http://blog.compete.com/2007/10/30/top-50-websites-domains-digg-youtube-flickr-facebook/ "Top 50 Domains - www.TheLifeMovie.blogspot.com Ranked by Unique Visitors""] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080625012552/http://blog.compete.com/2007/10/30/top-50-websites-domains-digg-youtube-flickr-facebook/ |date=June 25, 2008 }} September 2007.</ref>

On February 24, 2015, Blogger announced that as of late March it would no longer allow its users to post sexually explicit content, unless the nudity offers "substantial public benefit," for example in "artistic, educational, documentary, or scientific contexts."<ref>[https://www.theverge.com/2015/2/24/8097975/google-owned-blogger-bans-sexually-explicit-content Google-owned Blogger bans sexually explicit content]. Retrieved 2 March 2015</ref> On February 28, 2015, accounting for severe backlash from long-term bloggers, Blogger reversed its decision on banning sexual content, going back to the previous policy that allowed explicit images and videos if the blog was marked as "adult".<ref>[http://www.ibtimes.co.in/backlash-forces-google-reverse-move-ban-porn-blogger-624803 Backlash Forces Google to Reverse Move to Ban Porn on Blogger]. Retrieved 2 March 2015.</ref>

===Redesign===
As part of the Blogger redesign in 2006, all blogs associated with a user's Google Account were migrated to Google servers. Blogger claims that the service is now more reliable because of the quality of the servers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://buzz.blogger.com/2006/12/new-version-of-blogger.html |title=Blogger Buzz: The New Version of Blogger |publisher=Buzz.blogger.com |access-date=December 25, 2011}}</ref>

Along with the migration to [[List of Google products|Google servers]], several new features were introduced, including label organization, a [[drag-and-drop]] template editing interface, reading permissions (to create private blogs) and new [[Web feed]] options. Furthermore, blogs are updated dynamically, as opposed to rewriting [[HTML]] files.

In a version of the service called Blogger in Draft,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://draft.blogger.com/ |title=Draft.blogger.com |publisher=Draft.blogger.com |access-date=December 25, 2011}}</ref> new features are tested before being released to all users. New features are discussed in the service's official blog.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bloggerindraft.blogspot.com/ |title=Bloggerindraft.blogspot.com |publisher=Bloggerindraft.blogspot.com |access-date=September 9, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120919102244/http://bloggerindraft.blogspot.com/ |archive-date=September 19, 2012 }}</ref>
In September 2009, Google introduced new features into Blogger as part of its tenth-anniversary celebration. The features included a new interface for post editing, improved image handling, Raw HTML Conversion, and other [[Google Docs]]-based implementations, including:

* Adding location to posts via [[geotagging]].
* Post time-stamping at publication, not at original creation.
* Vertical re-sizing of the post editor. The size is saved in a per-user, per-blog preference.
* Link editing in compose mode.
* Full [[Safari (web browser)|Safari 3]] support and fidelity on both [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] and [[macOS]].
* New Preview dialog that shows posts in a width and font size approximating what is seen in the published view.
* Placeholder image for tags so that embeds are movable in compose mode.
* New toolbar with Google aesthetics, faster loading time, and "undo" and "redo" buttons, also added the full justification button, a strike-through button, and an expanded color palette.

In 2010, Blogger introduced new templates and redesigned its website. The new post editor was criticized for being less reliable than its predecessor.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://experimentgarden.blogspot.com/2009/12/critique-and-criticism-of-new-blogger.html |title=Critique and Criticism of the New Blogger Post Editor – Experiment Garden |publisher=Experimentgarden.blogspot.com |date=June 26, 2008 |access-date=December 25, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721223554/http://experimentgarden.blogspot.com/2009/12/critique-and-criticism-of-new-blogger.html |archive-date=July 21, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 2020, Google Blogger slowly introduced an improved web experience for Blogger. They moved everyone to the new interface starting in late June, many Blogger creators see the new interface become their default. Blogger is now responsive on the web, making it easier to use on mobile devices in addition to having a new look.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Official Blogger Blog|url=https://blogger.googleblog.com/|access-date=2021-04-20|website=Official Blogger Blog|language=en}}</ref>

===Available languages===
As of late 2016, Blogger is available in these 60 languages: Afrikaans, Amharic, Arabic, Basque, Bengali, Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese (Hong Kong), Chinese (Simplified), Chinese (Traditional), Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English (United Kingdom), English (United States), Estonian, Filipino, Finnish, French, Galician, German, Greek, Gujarati, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Kannada, Korean, Latvian, Lithuanian, Malay, Malayalam, Marathi, Norwegian, Persian, Polish, Portuguese (Brazil), Portuguese (Portugal), Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish (Latin America), Spanish (Spain), Swahili, Swedish, Tamil, Telugu, Thai, Turkish, Ukrainian, Urdu, Vietnamese, and Zulu.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Official Blogger Blog|url=https://blogger.googleblog.com/|access-date=2021-04-20|website=Official Blogger Blog|language=en}}</ref>

===Country-specific Blogger addresses===
In February 2013, Blogger began integrating user blogs with multiple country-specific URLs. For example, <kbd>exampleuserblogname.blogspot.com</kbd> would be automatically redirected to <kbd>exampleuserblogname.blogspot.ca</kbd> in Canada, <kbd>exampleuserblogname.blogspot.co.uk</kbd> in the United Kingdom. Blogger explained that by doing this they could manage the blog content more locally so if there was any objectionable material that violated a particular country's laws they could remove and block access to that blog for that country through the assigned [[Country code top-level domain|ccTLD]] while retaining access through other ccTLD addresses and the default Blogspot.com URL. If a blog using a country-specific URL was removed it is still technically possible to access the blog through Google's No Country Redirect override by entering the URL using the regular Blogspot.com address and adding <kbd>/ncr</kbd> after <kbd>.com</kbd>.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://support.google.com/blogger/answer/2402711?hl=en|title=My blog redirects to a country-specific URL (ccTLD)}}</ref> In May 2018, Blogger stopped redirecting to ccTLDs and country-specific URLs would now redirect to the default Blogspot.com addresses.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://blogger.googleblog.com/2018/05/its-spring-cleaning-time-for-blogger.html|title=It's spring cleaning time for Blogger|publisher=Blogger team|date=May 15, 2018|access-date=August 1, 2018}}</ref>

==Available designs==
Blogger allows its users to choose from multiple templates and then customize them. Users may also choose to create their own templates using [[CSS]]. The new design template, known as "Dynamic View", was introduced on 31 August 2011<ref>{{cite web|url=http://buzz.blogger.com/2011/08/bloggers-fresh-new-look.html |title=Blogger's fresh new look |publisher=blogger.com |date=August 31, 2011 |access-date=September 20, 2014}}</ref> with Dynamic Views being introduced on 27 September 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://googleblog.blogspot.co.uk/2011/09/dynamic-views-seven-new-ways-to-share.html |title=Dynamic Views: seven new ways to share your blog with the world |publisher=blogger.com |date=September 27, 2011 |access-date=September 20, 2014}}</ref> It is built with [[Ajax (programming)|AJAX]], [[HTML5]], and [[CSS3]]. The time for loading is 40 percent shorter than traditional templates, and allows user to present blog in seven different ways: classic, flipcard, magazine, mosaic, sidebar, snapshot, and timeslide. Readers still have the option to choose preferable views when the blog owner has set a default view.<ref>[https://support.google.com/blogger/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=1229061 "All about Dynamic Views for Readers""] Google. November 6, 2012,.</ref> Some of the widgets (e.g., Labels, Profile, Link List, Subscription Links, Followers and Blog Archive etc.) are available for Dynamic Views; other templates are chosen by the blogger.

In April 2013, Blogger updated its HTML template editor that has some improvements to make it easy for the users to edit the blog's source code. The editor was updated with syntax highlight, number line and jump-to-widget button for ease of editing the code.

==Integration==
* "Blogger for Word" is an add-in for [[Microsoft Word]] which allows users to save a Microsoft Word document directly to a Blogger blog, as well as edit their posts both on- and offline. {{As of|2007|01}}, Google says "Blogger for Word is not currently compatible with the new version of Blogger", and they state no decision has been made about supporting it with the new Blogger.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://support.google.com/blogger/?hl=en#topic=3339243|title=Blogger Help}}</ref> However, [[Microsoft Office 2007]] adds native support for a variety of blogging systems, including Blogger.<ref name="register-live-writer">{{cite web|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2015/12/11/microsoft_open_sources_windows_live_writer/|title=Microsoft releases Windows Live Writer as open source|access-date=October 22, 2019}}</ref>
* Blogger also started integration with [[Amazon.com|Amazon]] Associates in December 2009, as a service to generate revenue.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://buzz.blogger.com/2009/12/blogger-integrates-with-amazon.html |title=Buzz.blogger.com |publisher=Buzz.blogger.com |access-date=December 25, 2011}}</ref> It was not publicly announced, but by September 2011 it appeared that all integration options had been removed and that the partnership had ended.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogger-hints-and-tips.blogspot.com/2011/09/blogger-amazon-integration-is-finished.html|title=Blogger / Amazon integration is finished – what are our options now? |date=September 23, 2011 |work=Amazon Integration is Over – what are our options now?|access-date=September 21, 2012}}</ref>
* [[Open Live Writer]] (formerly [[Windows Live Writer]], originally part of the [[Windows Live]] suite) can publish directly to Blogger.<ref name="register-live-writer"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/microsoft-volunteers-open-source-live-writer-blogging-tool/|title=Microsoft volunteers open source Live Writer blogging tool|access-date=October 22, 2019}}</ref>

==Blogger on mobile devices==
{{More citations needed section|date=December 2012}}
Blogger has launched mobile applications for users with mobile devices. Users can post and edit blogs, and also share photos and links on Blogger through their mobile devices. Not only advanced mobile devices, such as smartphones, are being considered, since users can also post blogs via traditional cell phones by SMS and [[Multimedia Messaging Service|MMS]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blogger.com/mobile-start.g|title=Blogger Features}}</ref>

[[File:Screenshot of Blogger app on iOS, bloggerscreenshot.png|thumb|Screenshot of Blogger app on iOS]]

The major two [[mobile operating system]]s that Blogger focuses on are [[Android (operating system)|Android]] and [[iOS]].<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://buzz.blogger.com/2012/11/new-and-improved-blogger-mobile-apps.html |title = New and improved Blogger mobile apps}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://googlemobileads.blogspot.nl/|title=Google Mobile Ads Blog|website=googlemobileads.blogspot.nl}}</ref> Blogger allow users to edit blogs anywhere through the app and either publish the blogs or save them as drafts. Quick navigation from posts and drafts is accessible from a list. Users can attach photos by taking a picture with a Blogger app or selecting pictures from their photo galleries. Sharing current locations on posts is also possible by tabbing My Location bar and adding locations. Users can also share photos and links directly to Blogger.

Blogger also provides dynamic mobile views for the blogging compatibility with mobile devices and smartphones. They enhance the readability accuracy on these smart devices, but editing a blog on the blogger app remains an open issue for the users.

==Blocking==

{{More citations needed section|date=December 2012}}
Blogger has been blocked for various periods of time in the following countries:
* [[Cuba]]
* [[Fiji]]
* [[India]] (some ISPs in 2012 blocking an IP address put into [[Federal List of Extremist Materials]] in 2011)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.news18.com/news/india/blogspot-blogs-blocked-in-india-360362.html |title=Blogspot blogs blocked in India? |date=July 27, 2012 |access-date=September 9, 2012}}</ref>
* [[Iran]]
* [[Kazakhstan]]
* [[Kyrgyzstan]]
* [[Pakistan]]<ref name="gatekeepers">{{cite news |first= Jeffrey|last= Rosen|title=Google’s Gatekeepers |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/30/magazine/30google-t.html?_r=1&partner=rss&emc=rss&pagewanted=all |quote=Over the past couple of years, Google and its various applications have been blocked, to different degrees, by 24 countries. Blogger is blocked in Pakistan, for example, and Orkut in Saudi Arabia. |work=[[The New York Times]] |year=2008 |access-date=December 1, 2008 }}</ref>
* [[China|People's Republic of China]]
* [[Russian Federation]] (some ISPs in 2012 blocking an IP address put into [[Federal List of Extremist Materials]] in 2011)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lenta.ru/articles/2012/07/27/lockedmashina/ |script-title=ru:Полосатый тормоз "Билайн" заблокировал сайт "Доброй машины правды" |publisher=Lenta.ru |language=ru |date=July 27, 2012 |access-date=September 9, 2012}}</ref>
* [[Syrian Arab Republic]]
* [[Turkey]]
* [[Vietnam]]
* [[Yemen]]

Blocking of *.blogspot.com domains by keyword-based Internet filtering systems is also encountered due to the domain [[Scunthorpe problem|containing the substring]] "[[G-spot|gspot]]"; however, this can be alleviated by excluding the "blogspot.com" section of the URL from the keyword-based Internet filtering whilst the *. section of the URL is exposed to keyword-based Internet filtering.

==Limitations==
Blogger has the following limitations on content storage and bandwidth, per user account:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.google.com/support/blogger/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=42348 |title=What are the limits on my Blogger account? |access-date=Jul 20, 2015}}</ref>
* Blog description – 500 characters max.
* Number of blogs – 100 blogs per account
* Number of labels – 5,000 unique labels per blog (an increase from the original 2,000), 20 unique labels per post (with at most 200 characters)
* Number of pictures – Ordinarily, up to 1 GB of total storage, shared with [[Picasa]] Web. If you've upgraded to [[Google+]], your photos will be stored in [[Google Photos]], where you have 15 GB of storage space shared with [[Gmail]] and [[Google Drive|Drive]]. However, if one has signed up for Google+ account, images less than 16 megapixels (4920 × 3264)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://support.google.com/photos/answer/6220791|title=Choose a storage size}}</ref> would not be counted to this storage limit. For users not signed up for Google+, 800 × 800 pixels and below images would not be included in this storage space.
* Number of posts – There is no limit on the number of posts one can have in one blog. However, a maximum of 100 posts can be created or published per day.{{citation needed|date=May 2016}}
* Size of pages – Individual pages (the main page of a blog or archive pages) are limited to 1 MB
* Size of pictures – If posted via Blogger Mobile, limited 250 KB per picture;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.google.com/support/blogger/bin/answer.py?answer=42448 |title=How does Blogger Mobile work?
|access-date=September 27, 2011}}</ref> posted pictures are scaled to 1600px{{citation needed|date=July 2015}}

* Number of pages – There is no limit on the number of pages you can have on one blog
* Team members (those who can write to a blog) – 100 invitations per blog
* [[Favicon]] – Any square image less than 100 KB
* Account suspension: if a site is violating any terms of service, it may be suspended by Blogger without any notice. Repeated violations may lead to Google account suspension.

On February 18, 2010,<ref>Vardhman Jain, "[http://buzz.blogger.com/2010/02/auto-pagination-on-blogger.html Auto Pagination on Blogger]", ''Blogger Buzz'', February 18, 2010.</ref> Blogger introduced "auto-pagination," which limited the number of posts that could be displayed on each page, often causing the number of posts on the main page to be less than that specified by the user and leading to a hostile response from some users.<ref>"[http://www.google.com/support/forum/p/blogger/thread?tid=211d87eb120a771a&hl=en Problem Rollup: Auto Pagination for blogs with Classic templates]", ''Blogger Help Forum'' (Retrieved March 1, 2010).</ref><ref>"[http://www.google.com/support/forum/p/blogger/thread?tid=33d7b281c3f27ad0&hl=en Problem Rollup: Auto Pagination for blogs with Layouts templates]", ''Blogger Help Forum'' (Retrieved March 1, 2010).</ref>

Private blogs are limited to only 100 members.

==Support==
The official support channel is the Blogger Product Forum.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://productforums.google.com/forum/#!categories/blogger |title=Google Discussiegroepen |access-date=2013-01-31}}</ref> This online discussion forum, delivered using Google Groups, serves Blogger users of varying experience, and receives some monitoring from Google staff. "Product Experts," formerly known as "Top contributors," are community-members nominated by the Google staff who enjoy additional privileges including managing discussions and direct access to Google staff. There is likely to be a top contributor or other knowledgeable person reading the forum almost all the time.

A number of people, including some top contributors, run personal blogs where they offer advice and post information about common problems.

[[StackExchange]]'s Web Applications forum has a tag for "blogger", which is used for questions about various blogging platforms, including Blogger.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://webapps.stackexchange.com/|title=Web Applications Stack Exchange}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Internet}}
*[[List of Google products]]
*[[Niche blogging]]
*[[LiveJournal]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons|Blogger}}
* {{Official website}}
* {{Curlie|Computers/Internet/On_the_Web/Weblogs/Tools/Publishers/Blogger}}

{{Google LLC}}

[[Category:Blog hosting services]]
[[Category:Blog software]]
[[Category:Internet properties established in 1999]]
[[Category:Google acquisitions]]
[[Category:Google services|Blogger]]
[[Category:2003 mergers and acquisitions]]
[[Category:1999 establishments in California]]

Black Sherif

2022-04-21T10:18:43Z

Ghqlick:

{{short description|Ghanaian musician}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Black Sherif
| alias = Blacko, Kwaku Frimpong
| image_size =
| landscape =
| alt =
| birth_name = Mohammed Ismail Sherif Kwaku Frimpong
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = Black Sherif at 3 Music Awards 22.jpg
| caption = Portrait of Black Sherif at 3 Music Awards 22
| birth_place = [[Konongo, Ghana|Konongo]], [[Ghana]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|2002|1|9}}
| origin =
| genre = [[Drill music]], [[rap]], [[hip pop]]
| occupation = Musician, [[rapper]]
| instrument =
| years_active =  2019–present
| label = RBA
| associated_acts = {{flatlist|
*[[Amerado (musician)|Amerado]]
*[[Kwesi Arthur]]
*[[Burna Boy]]
*[[Darkoo]]
}}
| website = 
}}

'''Mohammed Ismail Sherif Kwaku Frimpong''' (born 9 January 2002) known professionally as '''Black Sherif''' is a Ghanaian [[musician]] and performer from [[Konongo, Ghana]], he is well known for his song ''Second Sermon'' and his new single titled ''Kwaku The Traveller'' is number 1 on the Ghanaian and Nigerian Apple music charts.<ref>{{Cite web|title=I didn't know the Sermons will be hits - Black Sherif|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/i-didnt-know-the-sermons-will-be-hits-black-sherif/|url-status=live|access-date=1 August 2021|website=My Joy Online|language=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801095626/https://www.myjoyonline.com/i-didnt-know-the-sermons-will-be-hits-black-sherif/ |archive-date=1 August 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Mensah|first=Jeffrey|date=23 July 2021|title=Real name, age, school, and 4 other interesting facts about Black Sherif|url=https://yen.com.gh/190716-black-sherif-real-age-school-and-other-fact-about-second-sermon-rapper.html|url-status=live|access-date=13 September 2021|website=YEN Ghana|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210726135247/https://yen.com.gh/190716-black-sherif-real-age-school-and-other-fact-about-second-sermon-rapper.html |archive-date=26 July 2021 }}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Black Sherif was born and raised in [[Konongo, Ghana|Konongo]] in the [[Ashanti Region]] of Ghana. He completed [[Kumasi Academy]] for his second cycle education and currently a student of [[University of Professional Studies|University of Professional Studies (UPSA)]].The First ever Ghanaian to top Nigerian Chart.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/black-sherifs-kwaku-the-traveller-number-one-on-apple-music-chart-nigeria-ghana/|title=Black Sherif's Kwaku The Traveller Number One on Nigeria|website=www.myjoyonline.com|access-date=April 3, 2022}}</ref>

== Career ==
Black Sherif performed at the final of the [[2021 Ghanaian FA Cup|2021 MTN FA Cup]] final match between [[Accra Hearts of Oak S.C.|Accra Hearts of Oak]] and [[Ashanti Gold S.C.|Ashanti Gold SC]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Hearts of Oak v Ashgold: Black Sheriff to perform at MTN FA Cup final on Sunday |url=https://footballghana.com/hearts-of-oak-v-ashgold-black-sheriff-to-perform-at-mtn-fa-cup-final-on-sunday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805080712/https://footballghana.com/hearts-of-oak-v-ashgold-black-sheriff-to-perform-at-mtn-fa-cup-final-on-sunday |archive-date=5 August 2021 |access-date=2021-09-13 |website=Football Ghana |language=en}}</ref>

== Discography ==

=== Selected singles ===

* ''Cry For Me''
* ''Money''
* ''Money Remix ft AMG Armani & Tulenkey''
* ''Destiny''
* ''Ade Akye''
* ''Ankonam''
* ''First Sermon''
* ''Second Sermon''
*''[[Amerado (musician)|Amerado]] - Abotr3(Patience) as a featured artiste''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Somuah-Annan|first=Grace|date=2021-11-03|title=Amerado drops 'Abotr3' video ft Black Sherif|url=https://3news.com/amerado-drops-abotr3-video-ft-black-sherif/|access-date=2021-11-03|website=3NEWS|language=en-US}}</ref>
*''Second Sermon Remix ft [[Burna Boy]]''<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-09|title=Black Sherif drops ‘Second Sermon’ remix with Burna Boy|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Black-Sherif-drops-Second-Sermon-remix-with-Burna-Boy-1419601|access-date=2021-12-11|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref>
*''Gold Digga ft Samsney''
*''Kwaku The Traveller''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Black Sherif - Kwaku The Traveller |url=https://ghanandwom.net/black-sherif-kwaku-the-traveller/ |website=Ghanandwom}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=LHX|first=TRANSSION|title=Black Sherif-Boomplay Music|url=https://www.boomplay.com/share/artist/10002948|access-date=2021-09-13|website=Boomplay Music - WebPlayer|language=en}}</ref>
* ''Always - [[Darkoo]] ft Black Sherif''
* ''Holy F4k - Smallgod, [[Vic Mensa]] & [[Ivorian Doll]] Feat. Black Sherif & Kwaku DMC''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shazam |url=https://www.shazam.com/track/594068099/holy-f4k-mixed |access-date=2022-04-15 |website=Shazam}}</ref>

==Awards and Nominees==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ caption
!Year
!Event
!Award
!Recipient'''/Nominated work'''
!Result
!Ref
|-
| rowspan="13" rowspam="4"" |2022
|Entertainment Achievement Awards

|Entertainment Personality of the Year
|Himself
|{{Won}}
|<ref>{{Cite web|first=Berlinda|last=Ntsie|date=2022-02-27|title=Black Sherif Wins eaas entertainment personality of year|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/celebrities/black-sherif-wins-eaas-entertainment-personality-of-the-year/q7qql9z|access-date=2022-02-27|language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="5" |[[3Music Awards 2022|3Music Awards]]
|Hip hop song of The Year
|Second Sermon

|{{Won}}
| rowspan="5" |<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2022-03-27 |title=Kidi wins big at 2022 3music awards,Black Sherif graps first major award |url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/music/202203/463173.php |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kotey |first=Nii |date=27 March 2022 |title=3Music News: 3Music Awards '22: Here are all the winners |url=https://3music.tv/section/news/article?nid=nwi7nMUc8EfDQv03wzwIVX6zdP2 |access-date=27 March 2022 |website=3Music TV |language=}}</ref>

|-
|Breakthrough Act of The Year
|Himself
|{{Won}}

|-
|Hip life/Hip hop Artiste of The Year
|Himself
|{{Won}}
|-
|Song of the Year
|Second Sermon
|{{Won}}
|-
|Artiste of the Year
|Himself
|{{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan="7" |[[Vodafone Ghana Music Awards|Ghana Music Awards]]
|Artiste of the Year
|Himself
|{{Pending}}
| rowspan="7" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hansen |first=Gabriel Myers |date=21 March 2022 |title=Vodafone Ghana Music Awards 2022: All the nominees |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/vodafone-ghana-music-awards-2022-all-nominees |access-date=12 April 2022 |website=Music In Africa |language=}}</ref>
|-
|Vodafone Most Popular Song
|Second Sermon
|{{Pending}}
|-
|Best New Artiste
|Himself
|{{Pending}}
|-
|Best Hip life/Hip pop Artiste
|Himself
|{{Pending}}
|-
|Best Hip pop Song
|Second Sermon
|{{Pending}}
|-
|International Collaboration of the Year
|Second Sermon Remix ft [[Burna Boy]]
|{{Pending}}
|-
|Male Vocal Performance of the Year
|Gold Digga
|{{Pending}}
|}

== Controversies ==
On 11 April 2022, a lawsuit was filed against Black sheriff for alleged breach of contract. The lawsuit stems from allegations that Black Sherif ignored his investor after he invested in his career. Again, Black Sherif is said to have signed a distribution agreement with Empire Music without his investor's permission, despite the fact that he allegedly had a business management contract with him. His investor, Shadrach Agyei Owusu, the CEO of Waynes Chavis Consult is seeking the court to restrict Black Sherif from performing at events without his authorization.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Black Sherif sued over alleged breach of contract|url=http://ghananews.hrforum.uk/2022/04/black-sherif-sued-over-alleged-breach-of-contract-388.html|access-date=2022-04-12|website=GHANA News ONLINE|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Inusah |first=Murtala |date=11 April 2022 |title=Black Sherif sued over contract termination |url=https://starrfm.com.gh/2022/04/black-sherif-sued-over-contract-termination/ |access-date=2022-04-12 |website=Starrfm Online |language=en-gb}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{commons}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Black Sherif}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:2002 births]]
[[Category:Rappers]]
[[Category:Ghanaian musicians]]

Black Sherif

2022-04-16T11:28:43Z

Ghqlick:

{{Short description|Ghanaian musician (born 2002)}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Black Sherif
| alias = Blacko, Kwaku Frimpong
| image_size =
| landscape =
| alt =
| birth_name = Mohammed Ismail Sherif Kwaku Frimpong
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = Black Sherif at 3 Music Awards 22.jpg
| caption = Portrait of Black Sherif at 3 Music Awards 22
| birth_place = [[Konongo, Ghana|Konongo]], [[Ghana]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|2002|1|9}}
| origin =
| genre = [[Drill music]], [[rap]], [[hip pop]]
| occupation = Musician, [[rapper]]
| instrument =
| years_active =  2019–present
| label = RBA
| associated_acts = {{flatlist|
*[[Amerado (musician)|Amerado]]
*[[Kwesi Arthur]]
*[[Burna Boy]]
*[[Darkoo]]
}}
| website = 
}}

'''Mohammed Ismail Sherif Kwaku Frimpong''' (born 9 January 2002) known professionally as '''Black Sherif''' is a Ghanaian [[musician]] and performer from [[Konongo, Ghana]], he is well known for his song ''Second Sermon'' and his new single titled ''Kwaku The Traveller'' is number 1 on the Ghanaian and Nigerian Apple music charts.<ref>{{Cite web|title=I didn't know the Sermons will be hits - Black Sherif|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/i-didnt-know-the-sermons-will-be-hits-black-sherif/|url-status=live|access-date=1 August 2021|website=My Joy Online|language=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801095626/https://www.myjoyonline.com/i-didnt-know-the-sermons-will-be-hits-black-sherif/ |archive-date=1 August 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Mensah|first=Jeffrey|date=23 July 2021|title=Real name, age, school, and 4 other interesting facts about Black Sherif|url=https://yen.com.gh/190716-black-sherif-real-age-school-and-other-fact-about-second-sermon-rapper.html|url-status=live|access-date=13 September 2021|website=YEN Ghana|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210726135247/https://yen.com.gh/190716-black-sherif-real-age-school-and-other-fact-about-second-sermon-rapper.html |archive-date=26 July 2021 }}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Black Sherif was born and raised in [[Konongo, Ghana|Konongo]] in the [[Ashanti Region]] of Ghana. He completed [[Kumasi Academy]] for his second cycle education and currently a student of [[University of Professional Studies|University of Professional Studies (UPSA)]].The First ever Ghanaian to top Nigerian Chart.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/black-sherifs-kwaku-the-traveller-number-one-on-apple-music-chart-nigeria-ghana/|title=Black Sherif's Kwaku The Traveller Number One on Nigeria|website=www.myjoyonline.com|access-date=April 3, 2022}}</ref>

== Career ==
Black Sherif performed at the final of the [[2021 Ghanaian FA Cup|2021 MTN FA Cup]] final match between [[Accra Hearts of Oak S.C.|Accra Hearts of Oak]] and [[Ashanti Gold S.C.|Ashanti Gold SC]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Hearts of Oak v Ashgold: Black Sheriff to perform at MTN FA Cup final on Sunday |url=https://footballghana.com/hearts-of-oak-v-ashgold-black-sheriff-to-perform-at-mtn-fa-cup-final-on-sunday |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805080712/https://footballghana.com/hearts-of-oak-v-ashgold-black-sheriff-to-perform-at-mtn-fa-cup-final-on-sunday |archive-date=5 August 2021 |access-date=2021-09-13 |website=Football Ghana |language=en}}</ref>

== Discography ==

=== Selected singles ===

* ''Cry For Me''
* ''Money''
* ''Money Remix ft AMG Armani & Tulenkey''
* ''Destiny''
* ''Ade Akye''
* ''Ankonam''
* ''First Sermon''
* ''Second Sermon''
*''[[Amerado (musician)|Amerado]] - Abotr3(Patience) as a featured artiste''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Somuah-Annan|first=Grace|date=2021-11-03|title=Amerado drops 'Abotr3' video ft Black Sherif|url=https://3news.com/amerado-drops-abotr3-video-ft-black-sherif/|access-date=2021-11-03|website=3NEWS|language=en-US}}</ref>
*''Second Sermon Remix ft [[Burna Boy]]''<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-09|title=Black Sherif drops ‘Second Sermon’ remix with Burna Boy|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Black-Sherif-drops-Second-Sermon-remix-with-Burna-Boy-1419601|access-date=2021-12-11|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref>
*''Gold Digga ft Samsney''
*''Kwaku The Traveller''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Black Sherif - Kwaku The Traveller |url=https://ghanandwom.net/black-sherif-kwaku-the-traveller/ |website=Ghanandwom}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=LHX|first=TRANSSION|title=Black Sherif-Boomplay Music|url=https://www.boomplay.com/share/artist/10002948|access-date=2021-09-13|website=Boomplay Music - WebPlayer|language=en}}</ref>
* ''Always - [[Darkoo]] ft Black Sherif''
* ''Holy F4k - Smallgod, [[Vic Mensa]] & [[Ivorian Doll]] Feat. Black Sherif & Kwaku DMC''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shazam |url=https://www.shazam.com/track/594068099/holy-f4k-mixed |access-date=2022-04-15 |website=Shazam}}</ref>

==Awards and Nominees==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ caption
!Year
!Event
!Award
!Recipient'''/Nominated work'''
!Result
!Ref
|-
| rowspan="13" rowspam="4"" |2022
|Entertainment Achievement Awards

|Entertainment Personality of the Year
|Himself
|{{Won}}
|<ref>{{Cite web|first=Berlinda|last=Ntsie|date=2022-02-27|title=Black Sherif Wins eaas entertainment personality of year|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/celebrities/black-sherif-wins-eaas-entertainment-personality-of-the-year/q7qql9z|access-date=2022-02-27|language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="5" |[[3Music Awards 2022|3Music Awards]]
|Hip hop song of The Year
|Second Sermon

|{{Won}}
| rowspan="5" |<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2022-03-27 |title=Kidi wins big at 2022 3music awards,Black Sherif graps first major award |url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/music/202203/463173.php |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kotey |first=Nii |date=27 March 2022 |title=3Music News: 3Music Awards '22: Here are all the winners |url=https://3music.tv/section/news/article?nid=nwi7nMUc8EfDQv03wzwIVX6zdP2 |access-date=27 March 2022 |website=3Music TV |language=}}</ref>

|-
|Breakthrough Act of The Year
|Himself
|{{Won}}

|-
|Hip life/Hip hop Artiste of The Year
|Himself
|{{Won}}
|-
|Song of the Year
|Second Sermon
|{{Won}}
|-
|Artiste of the Year
|Himself
|{{Nom}}
|-
| rowspan="7" |[[Vodafone Ghana Music Awards|Ghana Music Awards]]
|Artiste of the Year
|Himself
|{{Pending}}
| rowspan="7" |<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hansen |first=Gabriel Myers |date=21 March 2022 |title=Vodafone Ghana Music Awards 2022: All the nominees |url=https://www.musicinafrica.net/magazine/vodafone-ghana-music-awards-2022-all-nominees |access-date=12 April 2022 |website=Music In Africa |language=}}</ref>
|-
|Vodafone Most Popular Song
|Second Sermon
|{{Pending}}
|-
|Best New Artiste
|Himself
|{{Pending}}
|-
|Best Hip life/Hip pop Artiste
|Himself
|{{Pending}}
|-
|Best Hip pop Song
|Second Sermon
|{{Pending}}
|-
|International Collaboration of the Year
|Second Sermon Remix ft [[Burna Boy]]
|{{Pending}}
|-
|Male Vocal Performance of the Year
|Gold Digga
|{{Pending}}
|}

== Controversies ==
On 11 April 2022, a lawsuit was filed against Black sheriff for alleged breach of contract. The lawsuit stems from allegations that Black Sherif ignored his investor after he invested in his career. Again, Black Sherif is said to have signed a distribution agreement with Empire Music without his investor's permission, despite the fact that he allegedly had a business management contract with him. His investor, Shadrach Agyei Owusu, the CEO of Waynes Chavis Consult is seeking the court to restrict Black Sherif from performing at events without his authorization.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Black Sherif sued over alleged breach of contract|url=http://ghananews.hrforum.uk/2022/04/black-sherif-sued-over-alleged-breach-of-contract-388.html|access-date=2022-04-12|website=GHANA News ONLINE|language=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Inusah |first=Murtala |date=11 April 2022 |title=Black Sherif sued over contract termination |url=https://starrfm.com.gh/2022/04/black-sherif-sued-over-contract-termination/ |access-date=2022-04-12 |website=Starrfm Online |language=en-gb}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{commons}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Black Sherif}}
[[Category:Ghanaian rappers]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:2002 births]]
[[Category:Kumasi Academy alumni]]

Abena Korkor

2022-04-08T13:59:57Z

Ghqlick: Reference

{{Infobox person
|birth_name=Nana Abena Korkor Addo
|nationality=[[Ghanaian people |Ghanaian]]
|occupation=[[TV Presenter]]|image=Abena Korkor.jpg}}
'''Nana Abena Korkor Addo''' (born 30 January 1990) popularly known as '''Abena Korkor''' is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[Television presenter]]<ref><nowiki>https://www.ngnews247.com/abena-korkor-biography-net-worth-age-parents-tv3-wiki-boyfriend-facts/</nowiki></ref><ref><nowiki>https://gossips24.com/abena-korkor-biography-real-name-age-education-net-worth-husband-kids-telephone-number-houses-cars/</nowiki></ref>.
== Early life and education ==
She received her basic and secondary education at [[St. Paul Methodist Preparatory]] and [[Aburi Girls’ Senior High]].

After completing SHS, she moved to the US, came back to [[Ghana]] and study at the [[University Of Ghana]] and later left the prestigious university for UCC where she bagged a degree in Biomedical and Forensic Science.

Abena became a teaching assistant at UCC because of her intellect. Abena Korkor’s days at Cape Coast-based university were likewise rife with upheaval due to her known bipolar disease.

The former TV3 employee is the 2nd out of three children.
== Career ==
Abena Korkor landed her feet into the mainstream media after she inked a contract with Media General – the parent company of TV3 as the co-host of "'''Ladies Circle'''".

Apart from being a TV presenter and health advocate, she also serves as a brand ambassador for some lingerie companies.
== Reference ==
{{Reflist}}

Abena Korkor

2022-04-08T13:56:17Z

Ghqlick:

'''Nana Abena Korkor Addo''' (born 30 January 1990) popularly known as '''Abena Korkor''' is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[Television presenter]]<ref><nowiki>https://gossips24.com/abena-korkor-biography-real-name-age-education-net-worth-husband-kids-telephone-number-houses-cars/</nowiki></ref>.
{{Infobox person
|birth_name=Nana Abena Korkor Addo
|nationality=[[Ghanaian people |Ghanaian]]
|occupation=[[TV Presenter]]|image=Abena Korkor.jpg}}

== Early life and education ==
She received her basic and secondary education at [[St. Paul Methodist Preparatory]] and [[Aburi Girls’ Senior High]].

After completing SHS, she moved to the US, came back to [[Ghana]] and study at the [[University Of Ghana]] and later left the prestigious university for UCC where she bagged a degree in Biomedical and Forensic Science.

Abena became a teaching assistant at UCC because of her intellect. Abena Korkor’s days at Cape Coast-based university were likewise rife with upheaval due to her known bipolar disease.

The former TV3 employee is the 2nd out of three children.

== Career ==
Abena Korkor landed her feet into the mainstream media after she inked a contract with Media General – the parent company of TV3 as the co-host of "'''Ladies Circle'''".

Apart from being a TV presenter and health advocate, she also serves as a brand ambassador for some lingerie companies.

== Reference ==
{{Reflist}}

Abena Korkor

2022-04-08T13:34:06Z

Ghqlick:

'''Nana Abena Korkor Addo''' (born 30 January 1990) popularly known as '''Abena Korkor''' is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[Television presenter]].
{{Infobox person
|birth_name=Nana Abena Korkor Addo
|nationality=[[Ghanaian people |Ghanaian]]
|occupation=[[TV Presenter]]|image=Abena Korkor.jpg}}

Abena Korkor

2022-04-08T13:31:55Z

Ghqlick:

'''Nana Abena Korkor Addo''' (born 30 January 1990) popularly known as '''Abena Korkor''' is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[Television presenter]].
{{Infobox person
|birth_name=Nana Abena Korkor Addo
|nationality=[[Ghanaian people
|Ghanaian]]
|occupation=[[TV Presenter]]|image=Abena Korkor.jpg}}

Abena Korkor

2022-04-08T13:23:20Z

Ghqlick: Infobox

'''Nana Abena Korkor Addo''' (born 30 January 1990) popularly known as '''Abena Korkor''' is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[Television presenter]].
{{Infobox person|birth_name=Nana Abena Korkor Addo|nationality=[[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]|occupation=[[TV Presenter]]|image=Abena Korkor.jpg}}

Abena Korkor

2022-04-08T13:12:25Z

Ghqlick: Created New article

'''Nana Abena Korkor Addo''' (born 30 January 1990) popularly known as '''Abena Korkor''' is a [[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]] [[Television presenter]].

{{Infobox person|birth_name=Nana Abena Korkor Addo|nationality=[[Ghanaian people|Ghanaian]]|occupation=[[TV Presenter]]}}

Black Sherif

2022-04-06T21:46:09Z

Ghqlick:

{{Short description|Ghanaian musician (born 2002)}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Black Sherif
| alias = Blacko, Kwaku Frimpong
| image_size =
| landscape =
| alt =
| birth_name = Mohammed Ismail Sherif Kweku Frimpong
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = Black Sherif.png
| caption = Black Sherif performing 'Abotr3'
| birth_place = [[Konongo]], [[Ghana]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|2002|1|9}}
| origin =
| genre = [[Drill music]], [[rap]], [[hip pop]]
| occupation = Musician, [[rapper]]
| instrument =
| years_active =  2019-present
| label = RBA
| associated_acts = {{flatlist|
*[[Amerado (musician)|Amerado]]
*[[Kwesi Arthur]]
*[[Burna Boy]]
*[[Kwame Yesu]]}}
*[[Darkoo]]
| website = 
}}

'''Mohammed Ismail Sherif Kweku Frimpong''' (born 9 January 2002) known professionally as '''Black Sherif''' is a Ghanaian [[musician]] and performer from [[Konongo, Ghana]], he is well known for his song Second Sermon featuring [[Burna boy]] in Nigeria, and his new single titled Kwaku The Traveller is number 1 on the Nigerian Apple music charts.<ref>{{Cite web|title=I didn't know the Sermons will be hits - Black Sherif|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/i-didnt-know-the-sermons-will-be-hits-black-sherif/|url-status=live|access-date=1 August 2021|website=My Joy Online|language=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210801095626/https://www.myjoyonline.com/i-didnt-know-the-sermons-will-be-hits-black-sherif/ |archive-date=1 August 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Mensah|first=Jeffrey|date=23 July 2021|title=Real name, age, school, and 4 other interesting facts about Black Sherif|url=https://yen.com.gh/190716-black-sherif-real-age-school-and-other-fact-about-second-sermon-rapper.html|url-status=live|access-date=13 September 2021|website=YEN Ghana|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210726135247/https://yen.com.gh/190716-black-sherif-real-age-school-and-other-fact-about-second-sermon-rapper.html |archive-date=26 July 2021 }}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Black Sherif was born and raised in [[Konongo, Ghana|Konongo]] in the [[Ashanti Region]] of Ghana. He completed [[Kumasi Academy]] for his second cycle education and currently a student of [[University_of_Professional _Studies|University of Professional Studies (UPSA)]].The First ever Ghanaian to top Nigerian Chart.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.myjoyonline.com/black-sherifs-kwaku-the-traveller-number-one-on-apple-music-chart-nigeria-ghana/|title=Black Sherif's Kwaku The Traveller Number One on Nigeria|website=www.myjoyonline.com|access-date=April 3, 2022}}</ref>

== Discography ==

=== Selected singles ===

* ''Cry For Me''
* ''Money''
* ''Money Remix ft AMG Armani & Tulenkey''
* ''Destiny''
* ''Ade Akye''
* ''Ankonam''
* ''First Sermon''
* ''Second Sermon''
*''[[Amerado (musician)|Amerado]] - Abotr3(Patience) as a featured artiste''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Somuah-Annan|first=Grace|date=2021-11-03|title=Amerado drops 'Abotr3' video ft Black Sherif|url=https://3news.com/amerado-drops-abotr3-video-ft-black-sherif/|access-date=2021-11-03|website=3NEWS|language=en-US}}</ref>
*''Second Sermon Remix ft [[Burna Boy]]''<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-09|title=Black Sherif drops ‘Second Sermon’ remix with Burna Boy|url=https://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/entertainment/Black-Sherif-drops-Second-Sermon-remix-with-Burna-Boy-1419601|access-date=2021-12-11|website=GhanaWeb|language=en}}</ref>
*''Gold Digga ft Samsney''
*''Kwaku The Traveller''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Black Sherif - Kwaku The Traveller |url=https://ghanandwom.net/black-sherif-kwaku-the-traveller/ |website=Ghanandwom}}</ref>
<ref>{{Cite web|last=LHX|first=TRANSSION|title=Black Sherif-Boomplay Music|url=https://www.boomplay.com/share/artist/10002948|access-date=2021-09-13|website=Boomplay Music - WebPlayer|language=en}}</ref>

• ''Always - [[Darkoo]] ft Black Sherif''

==Awards and Nominees==

{| class="wikitable"
|+ caption
!Year
!Event
!Award
!Recipient'''/Nominated work'''
!Result
!Ref
|-
|rowspam='4"|2022
|Entertainment Achievement Awards

|Entertainment Personality of the Year
|Himself
|{{Won}}
|<ref>{{Cite web|first=Berlinda|last=Ntsie|date=2022-02-27|title=Black Sherif Wins eaas entertainment personality of year|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/entertainment/celebrities/black-sherif-wins-eaas-entertainment-personality-of-the-year/q7qql9z|access-date=2022-02-27|language=en-US}}</ref>
|-

|2022
|3Music Awards
|Hip hop song of The Year
|Second Sermon

|{{Won}}
|<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-03-27|title=Kidi wins big at 2022 3music awards,Black Sherif graps first major award|url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/music/202203/463173.php|language=en-US}}</ref>

|-
|2022
|3Music Awards
|Breakthrough Act of The Year
|Himself
|{{Won}}
|<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-03-27|title=Kidi wins big at 2022 3music awards,Black Sherif graps first major award|url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/music/202203/463173.php|language=en-US}}</ref>

|-
|2022
|3Music Awards
|Hiplife/Hiphop Artiste of The Year
|Himself
|{{Won}}
|<ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-03-27|title=Kidi wins big at 2022 3music awards,Black Sherif graps first major award|url=https://www.peacefmonline.com/pages/showbiz/music/202203/463173.php|language=en-US}}</ref>

|}

== Concerts ==

* He performed at the final of the [[2021 Ghanaian FA Cup|2021 MTN FA Cup]] final match between [[Accra Hearts of Oak S.C.|Accra Hearts of Oak]] and [[Ashanti Gold S.C.|Ashanti Gold SC]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hearts of Oak v Ashgold: Black Sheriff to perform at MTN FA Cup final on Sunday|url=https://footballghana.com/hearts-of-oak-v-ashgold-black-sheriff-to-perform-at-mtn-fa-cup-final-on-sunday|url-status=live|access-date=2021-09-13|website=Football Ghana|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805080712/https://footballghana.com/hearts-of-oak-v-ashgold-black-sheriff-to-perform-at-mtn-fa-cup-final-on-sunday |archive-date=5 August 2021 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Black Sherif}}
[[Category:Ghanaian rappers]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:2002 births]]

Bharatpedia:WikiProject Biography/Article alerts

2022-04-06T21:29:07Z

Ghqlick: Created page with "{{Bharatpedia:Article alerts/Old alert page|reason=huge}} == Workflow subscriptions == * Requested moves"

{{Bharatpedia:Article alerts/Old alert page|reason=huge}}

== Workflow subscriptions ==
* [[Bharatpedia:WikiProject Biography/Article alerts/Requested moves|Requested moves]]

Bharatpedia:WikiProject Biography

2022-04-06T21:27:14Z

Ghqlick: Created page with " {{short description|Wikimedia subject-area collaboration}} <noinclude>{{pp-move-indef}}</noinclude> {{redirect|WP:BIOGRAPHY|text=You may have been looking for Bharatpedia:Autobiography, Bharatpedia:Biographies of living persons, Bharatpedia:Notability (people) or Bharatpedia:Manual of Style/Biography}} {{redirect|WP:WPBIO|WikiProject Biology|WP:BIOLOGY}} {{WikiProject status|active|sc1=WP:WPBIO|sc2=WP:BIOG|sc3=WP:BIOGRAPHY|portal=Biography}} {{Bharatpedi..."

{{short description|Wikimedia subject-area collaboration}}
<noinclude>{{pp-move-indef}}</noinclude>
{{redirect|WP:BIOGRAPHY|text=You may have been looking for [[Bharatpedia:Autobiography]], [[Bharatpedia:Biographies of living persons]], [[Bharatpedia:Notability (people)]] or [[Bharatpedia:Manual of Style/Biography]]}}
{{redirect|WP:WPBIO|WikiProject Biology|WP:BIOLOGY}}
{{WikiProject status|active|sc1=WP:WPBIO|sc2=WP:BIOG|sc3=WP:BIOGRAPHY|portal=Biography}}
{{Bharatpedia:WikiProject Biography/Sidebar}}
<div style="border: 2px solid #484898; background: #FFF; padding: 1ex 1ex 1ex 1.5ex; margin: 0px 0px 10px 0px; font-size: 90%">
<div style="border-bottom: 2px dotted #484898">'''Scope'''</div>
The '''[[Biography]]''' [[Bharatpedia:WikiProject|WikiProject]] concerns the creation, development, and organization of Bharatpedia's articles about persons (including but not limited to [[biography|biographies]]). It includes only articles about individual persons, not about an organization or group or association, unless a substantial section of the article is a biography of a person related to that organization or group. It includes biographies of only real humans; thus, the project does not cover other animals or fictitious persons (such as pseudonyms) or fictional characters. As of {{#formatdate:{{FULLDATE}}|dmy}}, there are '''{{nts|{{#expr:{{PAGESINCATEGORY:FA-Class biography articles|R}}+{{PAGESINCATEGORY:A-Class biography articles|R}}+{{PAGESINCATEGORY:GA-Class biography articles|R}}+{{PAGESINCATEGORY:B-Class biography articles|R}}+{{PAGESINCATEGORY:C-Class biography articles|R}}+{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Start-Class biography articles|R}}+{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Stub-Class biography articles|R}}+{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Unassessed biography articles|R}}}}}}''' articles and '''{{nts|{{#expr:{{PAGESINCATEGORY:FL-Class biography articles|R}}+{{PAGESINCATEGORY:List-Class biography articles|R}}}}}}''' lists within the scope of WikiProject Biography, of which '''{{nts|{{#expr:{{PAGESINCATEGORY:FA-Class biography articles|R}}+{{PAGESINCATEGORY:FL-Class biography articles|R}}}}}}'''  are [[Portal:Featured content|featured]] and '''{{nts|{{#expr:{{PAGESINCATEGORY:GA-Class biography articles|R}}}}}}''' are [[Bharatpedia:Good articles|good articles]]. As of 1 April 2021 according to [https://whgi.wmflabs.org/gender-by-language WHGI] and based on wikidata, only '''337,764''' of Bharatpedia's '''1,796,746''' biographies are about women, amounting to '''18.799%'''.
<br />
<div style="border-bottom: 2px dotted #484898; margin-top:5px;">'''Goals'''</div>
# Get this project energized
# Build all [[Bharatpedia:WikiProject Biography/Core biographies|core biographies]] to Good Article status, at a minimum
# ''What else?''
<div style="border-bottom: 2px dotted #484898; margin-top:5px;">'''Newsletter Archives'''</div>
Check out the [[Bharatpedia:WikiProject Biography/Outreach#Newsletters|newsletter archives]]!
<div style="border-bottom: 2px dotted #484898; margin-top:5px;">'''Announcements'''</div>
* <s>Check out '''[[Bharatpedia:WikiProject Biography/Article alerts|New Article alerts]]'''.</s> ''(no longer delivered)''
</div>

==Structure==
<span id="WikiProject_Biography:_11_easy_steps_to_producing_at_least_a_B_article" ></span><span id="WikiProject_Biography_11_easy_steps_to_producing_at_least_a_B_article" ></span>
===Tips for writing biographies===
{{shortcut|WP:BTIP|WP:B11}}
Are you starting from scratch and want some guidance on creating a biographical article? Follow these helpful tips! Some of them are also useful for work on articles that have already been started.
#'''Remember,''' there are 7 ''billion'' people in the world. While all of them have their own story, not all of them warrant a Bharatpedia article. See [[WP:BIO]] for notability standards.
# '''Research the available literature to find [[WP:V#Sources|reliable sources]]'''. Read them carefully, taking notes.
# '''Create a proto-article''' in a [[Bharatpedia:User_pages#Creating_a_subpage|subpage of your own user space]].
#*Right from the start, '''[[Bharatpedia: Citing sources|cite your sources]]''': it's much easier to do this as you go along than to attempt to do so later.
#*'''See''' "[[Help: Editing|How to edit a page]]" to understand the basics of the wiki markup language. '''[[WP:V|Reference]]''' the proto-article, especially [[WP:BLP|biographies of living persons]].
#*''' Check your sources again.''' [[WP:NPOV|Balance and neutrality]] are vital.
#*At this stage, ''don't'' add [[Bharatpedia:Categorization|categories]] or images. (You'll be able to add them later.)
#'''Work up the proto-article''' until it's coherent and at least slightly informative and has had its facts checked. (It does not yet need either to present a rounded picture of the person or to be a good article in any normal sense; it merely has to be sound in what it ''does'' say.) The article, no matter how rough, should clearly state why the person is notable enough to be included in this project, see [[WP:BIO]]. It is a good idea to make reference to at least one of the '''notability''' determinants in the lead paragraph. Failing to clearly show notability may lead to your new article being quickly deleted.
#'''Create a new article''' on your subject and paste the content of your proto-article there.
#* '''Read''' [[Bharatpedia:Article titles|Bharatpedia's article title conventions]] to decide what the page title should be. Also see [[m:Help:Starting a new page]].
#* '''The history of your proto-article''' up to this point is unlikely to be of interest to anybody other than yourself, and ''[[Bharatpedia:Move|moving]]'' it would force you to re-create your user sub-page. Thus copy/pasting makes sense. However, do note that copying and pasting ''existing articles'' is frowned upon in Bharatpedia; moving makes the edit history easy to find and complies with the licencing policies.
# '''Add images''' such as those obtained from [[c:|Wikimedia Commons]], [[Special:ListFiles|image list]], or by posting a [[Bharatpedia:Requested_pictures | request for an image]] from other editors.
# '''Add the appropriate [[Bharatpedia:Categorization|categories]]'''.
#*'''You may also be able to find suitable categories''' by looking at related articles, particularly articles about similar people. Failing that, visit the appropriate [[Bharatpedia:WikiProject_Biography#Work_groups|work groups]] (which have them listed) or start browsing at [[:Category:People]].
# '''Linking''': check that the internal and external [[Help:Menu/Links|links]] and footnotes in the article go where you want them to go.
#*'''Make sure that some other, relevant articles link to a new article,''' so that the new one isn't "[[Bharatpedia:Orphan|orphaned]]".
#'''Keep working''' on the article. Chances are that other editors will notice its existence and join you in working on it. If nobody seems to notice it and you'd like one or two to do so, mention the article in the talk page of a relevant "[[Bharatpedia:WikiProject|WikiProject]]" (e.g. [[Bharatpedia talk:WikiProject Music|Music]]), or [[Bharatpedia talk:WikiProject Biography|this one]], or both.
#* '''You may find''' that the newcomers will be interested in aspects of the person that don't much interest you, or will relish aspects of editing that you find a bit tiresome. Thus their work will complement rather than compete with your own.
#'''Consider''' adding a '''[[Bharatpedia:Manual of Style/Lists of works|list of works]]''' (bibliography, discography, etc.).
#'''When you're happy''' with the article or have done about as much with it as you think you can, consider requesting a '''[[Bharatpedia:WikiProject_Biography/Peer_review|peer review]]''' by following these [[Bharatpedia:WikiProject_Biography/Peer_review#Instructions|instructions]].
# '''Relax!''' and [[Leisure|take a break]] if you reached this point. You deserve it!





===Policies===
*[[Bharatpedia:Biographies of living persons]]

===Guidelines===
* [[Bharatpedia:Notability (people)]]
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Demographics of Africa

2022-04-06T21:18:54Z

Ghqlick: Created page with "{{about|the contemporary demographics of Africans|historical information|List of ethnic groups of Africa}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}} {{short description|Overview of the demographics of Africa}} {{Infobox place demographics | place = Africa  | size_of_yeeet = 1.256 billion (2017 est.)<ref name=UN2017/> | density = 44 per sq km (2019 est.) | growth = 2.5% per annum (2017 est.) | birth..."

{{about|the contemporary demographics of Africans|historical information|List of ethnic groups of Africa}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
{{short description|Overview of the demographics of Africa}}
{{Infobox place demographics
| place = Africa

| size_of_yeeet = 1.256 billion (2017 est.)<ref name=UN2017/>
| density = 44 per sq km (2019 est.)
| growth = 2.5% per annum (2017 est.)
| birth =
| death =
| life =
| life_male =
| life_female =
| infant_mortality =
| fertility =

| age_0–14_years =
| age_15–64_years =
| age_65_years =

| total_mf_ratio =
| sr_at_birth =
| sr_under_15 =
| sr_15–64_years =
| sr_65_years_over =

| nation =
| major_ethnic =
| minor_ethnic =

| official =
| spoken =
}}

[[Image:African_countries_by_HDI_(2019).png|thumb|260px|
{| width="100%" style="background:transparent;"
| Map of Africa indicating [[Human Development Index]] (2018).
|-Africa
|
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-break}}
{{Legend|#00C400|0.800–0.849}}
{{Legend|#00F900|0.750–0.799}}
{{Legend|#D3FF00|0.700–0.749}}
{{Legend|#FFFF00|0.650–0.699}}
{{Legend|#FFD215|0.600–0.649}}
{{Legend|#FFA83C|0.550–0.599}}
{{Col-break}}
{{Legend|#FF852F|0.500–0.549}}
{{Legend|#FF5B00|0.450–0.499}}
{{Legend|#FF0000|0.400–0.449}}
{{Legend|#A70000|≤ 0.399}}
{{Legend|#D9D9D9|No data}}
{{Col-end}}
|}]]
The '''population of [[Africa]]''' has [[population growth|grown]] rapidly over the past century<ref>Zinkina J., Korotayev A. [https://www.academia.edu/6823642/EXPLOSIVE_POPULATION_GROWTH_IN_TROPICAL_AFRICA_CRUCIAL_OMISSION_IN_DEVELOPMENT_FORECASTS_EMERGING_RISKS_AND_WAY_OUT Explosive Population Growth in Tropical Africa: Crucial Omission in Development Forecasts (Emerging Risks and Way Out). ''World Futures'' 70/2 (2014): 120–139] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160823153527/http://cliodynamics.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=360&Itemid=1 |date=23 August 2016 }}.</ref> and consequently shows a large [[youth bulge]], further reinforced by a low [[life expectancy]] of below 50 years in some African countries.<ref>See [[List of countries by life expectancy]]; according to the 2012 [[CIA Factbook]], 4 of 53 countries show a life expectancy at birth below 50 years</ref> Total population as of 2020 is estimated at more than 1.3 billion,<ref name = Worldmeters /> with a growth rate of more than 2.5% p.a. The [[total fertility rate]] (births per woman) for [[Sub-Saharan Africa]] is 4.7 as of 2018, the highest in the world according to the [[World Bank]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Fertility rate, total (births per woman) - Sub-Saharan Africa |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.TFRT.IN?locations=ZG |website=The World Bank |access-date=29 May 2020 |archive-date=13 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513095844/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.TFRT.IN?locations=ZG |url-status=live }}</ref> The most populous African country is [[Nigeria]] with over 206 million inhabitants as of 2020 and a [[Demographics of Nigeria|growth rate]] of 2.6% p.a.<ref name=UN2017/>

==Population==
===History===
==== Alternative Estimates of African Population, 0–1998 AD (in thousands)====
Source: Maddison and others. (University of Groningen).<ref name="ggdc.net">{{cite web|url=http://www.ggdc.net/maddison/other_books/appendix_B.pdf|title=Growth of World Population, GDP and GDP Per Capita before 1820|author=Maddison|access-date=17 July 2019|archive-date=12 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210212183845/http://www.ggdc.net/maddison/other_books/appendix_B.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable " style="text-align:right"
|-
! scope="col" |Year<ref name="ggdc.net"/>
! scope="col" |0
! scope="col" |1000
! scope="col" |1500
! scope="col" |1600
! scope="col" |1700
! scope="col" |1820
! scope="col" |1870
! scope="col" |1913
! scope="col" |1950
! scope="col" |1973
! scope="col" |1998
! scope="col" |2018
! scope="col" |2100<br>(projected)
|-
|'''Africa'''
|16 500
|33 000
|46 000
|55 000
|61 000
|74 208
|90 466
|124 697
|228 342
|387 645
|759 954
|1 321 000<ref name="worldometers"/>
|4 300 000<ref name="www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank"/>
|-
|'''World'''
|230 820
|268 273
|437 818
|555 828
|603 410
|1 041 092
|1 270 014
|1 791 020
|2 524 531
|3 913 482
|5 907 680
|7 500 000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/newsroom/stories/2018/world-population.html|title=World Population Day: July 11, 2018|website=United States Census Bureau|date=11 July 2018|access-date=18 July 2019|archive-date=18 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190718064224/https://www.census.gov/newsroom/stories/2018/world-population.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|10 900 000<ref name="www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank"/>
|}

==== Shares of Africa and World Population, 0–2018 AD (% of world total)====
Source: Maddison and others (University of Groningen) and Pew Research Center.<ref name="ggdc.net"/>

{| class="wikitable " style="text-align:right"
|-
! scope="col" |Year<ref name="ggdc.net"/>
! scope="col" |0
! scope="col" |1000
! scope="col" |1500
! scope="col" |1600
! scope="col" |1700
! scope="col" |1820
! scope="col" |1870
! scope="col" |1913
! scope="col" |1950
! scope="col" |1973
! scope="col" |1998
! scope="col" |2018
! scope="col" |2100<br/>(projected)
|-
|'''Africa'''
|7.1
|12.3
|10.5
|9.9
|10.1
|7.1
|7.1
|7.0
|9.0
|9.9
|12.9
|17.6<ref name="worldometers">{{cite web|url=https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/africa-population/|title=Africa Population (LIVE)|website=worldometers.info|access-date=17 July 2019|archive-date=2 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200902033531/https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/africa-population/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|39.4<ref name="www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank">{{cite web|website=Pew Research Center|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/06/17/worlds-population-is-projected-to-nearly-stop-growing-by-the-end-of-the-century/|title=World's population is projected to nearly stop growing by the end of the century|author1=ANTHONY CILLUFFO|author2=NEIL G. RUIZ|date=June 17, 2019|access-date=18 July 2019|archive-date=22 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722151827/https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/06/17/worlds-population-is-projected-to-nearly-stop-growing-by-the-end-of-the-century/|url-status=live}}</ref>

|}

==Population growth==
{{Side box |metadata=No
| above = Population of Africa 1955–2020
| text = {{Graph:Chart
|height=200
|width=400
|xAxisTitle=
|xGrid=
|yAxisTitle=millions
|yAxisMin=0
|yGrid=
|type=line
|showSymbols=yes
|x= 1955, 1960, 1965, 1970, 1975, 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020
|y1= 252, 283, 320, 363, 414, 476, 548, 630, 717, 810, 916, 1039, 1182, 1340
|colors=red}}
| imageright =
| below =Source: Worldometers<ref name = Worldmeters>{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldometers.info/world-population/africa-population/|title=Population of Africa (2019) – Worldometers|website=www.worldometers.info|language=en|access-date=2019-04-17|archive-date=8 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180308191712/http://www.worldometers.info/world-population/africa-population/|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}

[[File:Population growth rate world 2018.svg|thumb|300px|Most African countries have annual population growth rates above 2%.]]
{{see|Projections of population growth|Population growth}}
{{see|List of African countries by population}}

The population of Africa was 177 million in 1950, and it grew 7.6 times to more than 1.341 billion in 2020.<ref name = Worldmeters />

The increase in population is explosive, with a population under the age of 14 in the exponential growth phase, a difference from almost the rest of the world, which is already in balance ([[United States|USA]] 1966, [[Europe]] 1969, [[Mexico]] 1990, [[Latin America]] 2000, [[India]] 2009, [[Asia]] 1977). {{Citation needed|date=February 2021|reason=What does 'in balance' refer to? Not clear what that designation means or refers to.}}

As of 2019, the total population of Africa is estimated at 1.3 billion, representing 16 percent of the world's population.<ref name="WPP2019">{{cite web|url=https://population.un.org/wpp/Publications/|title=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, World Population Prospects, 2019|access-date=2021-01-31|archive-date=22 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122210505/https://population.un.org/wpp/Publications/|url-status=live}}</ref> According to [[United Nations|UN]] estimates, the population of Africa may reach 2.49 billion by 2050 (about 26% of the world's total) and 4.28 billion by 2100 (about 39% of the world's total).<ref name=WPP2019/> The number of babies born in Africa compared to the rest of the world is expected to reach approximately 37% in the year 2050.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2018-09-22|title=What to do about Africa's dangerous baby boom|work=The Economist|url=https://www.economist.com/leaders/2018/09/22/what-to-do-about-africas-dangerous-baby-boom|access-date=2020-12-27|issn=0013-0613|archive-date=25 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180925235351/https://www.economist.com/leaders/2018/09/22/what-to-do-about-africas-dangerous-baby-boom|url-status=live}}</ref>

The population of Africa first surpassed one billion in 2009, with a [[doubling time]] of 27 years (growth rate 2.6% p.a.).<ref name="billion">{{Cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8366591.stm |title=Africa population tops a billion |publisher=[[BBC]] |date=18 November 2009 |access-date=18 November 2009 |archive-date=9 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109043159/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8366591.stm |url-status=live }}[https://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/WPP2004/2004Highlights_finalrevised.pdf "World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170822085804/http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/WPP2004/2004Highlights_finalrevised.pdf |date=22 August 2017 }} [[United Nations]] (Department of Economic and Social Affairs, population division)</ref>

Population growth has continued at almost the same pace, and total population is expected to surpass 2 billion by 2038 (doubling time 29 years, 2.4% p.a.).<ref name=UN2017>{{Cite web|url=https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/|title=World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations|website=esa.un.org|access-date=2017-11-29|archive-date=24 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180124201358/https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The reason for the uncontrolled population growth since the mid 20th century is the decrease of [[infant mortality]] and general increase of [[life expectancy]] without a corresponding reduction in [[fertility rate]], due to a very limited use of [[contraceptives]]. Further factors generally associated with decreased fertility include wealth, education, and [[female labor participation]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Bloom|first1=David E.|last2=Canning|first2=David|last3=Fink|first3=Günther|last4=Finlay|first4=Jocelyn E.|date=2009-06-01|title=Fertility, female labor force participation, and the demographic dividend|journal=Journal of Economic Growth|language=en|volume=14|issue=2|pages=79–101|doi=10.1007/s10887-009-9039-9|issn=1573-7020|doi-access=free}}</ref> Uncontrolled population growth threatens to overwhelm infrastructure development and crippling economic development.<ref>Eliya Zulu, [https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn21745-how-to-defuse-sub-saharan-africas-population-bomb/ "How to defuse sub-Saharan Africa’s population bomb"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180406230957/https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn21745-how-to-defuse-sub-saharan-africas-population-bomb/ |date=6 April 2018 }}, ''New Scientist'', 26 April 2012.
Jeffrey Gutman and Nirav Patel, [https://www.brookings.edu/blog/africa-in-focus/2018/01/26/foresight-africa-viewpoint-urban-africa-avoiding-the-perfect-storm/ "Urban Africa: Avoiding the perfect storm"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180406230917/https://www.brookings.edu/blog/africa-in-focus/2018/01/26/foresight-africa-viewpoint-urban-africa-avoiding-the-perfect-storm/ |date=6 April 2018 }}, ''Foresight Africa'', 26 January 2018.</ref> [[Kenya]] and [[Zambia]] are pursuing programs to promote [[family planning]] in an attempt to curb growth rates.<ref>Joseph J Bish, [https://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/2016/jan/11/population-growth-in-africa-grasping-the-scale-of-the-challenge "Population growth in Africa: grasping the scale of the challenge"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130093406/https://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/2016/jan/11/population-growth-in-africa-grasping-the-scale-of-the-challenge |date=30 November 2016 }}, ''The Guardian'', 11 January 2016. "African fertility has not fallen as expected. Precipitous declines in fertility in Asia and Latin America, from five children per woman in the 1970s to around 2.5 today, led many to believe Africa would follow a similar course. [...] Unfortunately, since the early 1990s, family planning programmes in Africa have not had the same attention [as in other parts of the world], resulting in slow, sometimes negligible, fertility declines. In a handful of countries, previous declines have stalled altogether and are reversing. [...] A few heroic efforts, such as Family Planning 2020, are attempting to stimulate family planning programmes across the continent, and there are some signs of success. Recent figures from Kenya and Zambia show substantial strengthening of contraceptive use among married women. In Kenya, 58% of married women now use modern contraception, and in Zambia this measure has risen from 33% to 45% in the last three years. In both cases, the catalysts for improvements were government commitment and commensurate budget financing. The virtuous circle may not be completely out of reach, but many more African governments must make haste and make substantial investments in contraceptive information and access for their people."</ref>

The extreme population growth in Africa is driven by [[East Africa]], [[Middle Africa]] and [[West Africa]], which regions are projected to more than quintuple their populations over the 21st century. The most extreme of these is Middle Africa, with an estimated population increase by 681%, from less than 100 million in 2000 to more than 750 million in 2100 (almost half of this figure is driven by the [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], projected to increase from 47 million in 2000 to 362 million in 2100). Projected population growth is less extreme in [[Southern Africa]] and [[North Africa]], which are expected, respectively, to not quite double and triple their populations over the same period.<ref name=WPP2019/>

[[File:Expectancy of life CIA2016.svg|thumb|400px|
{| width=100%
|-
| valign=top |
{{legend|#0000CD|>80}}
{{legend|#4169E1|77.5–80}}
{{legend|#00BFFF|75–77.5}}
{{legend|#3CB371|72.5–75}}
{{legend|#32CD32|70–72.5}}
| valign=top |
{{legend|#ADFF2F|67.5–70}}
{{legend|#FFFF00|65–67.5}}
{{legend|#FFD700|60–65}}
{{legend|#FF8C00|55–60}}
{{legend|#FF4500|50–55}}

|} Life expectancy by region in 2016<ref>{{cite web |title=World Health Statistics 2016: Monitoring health for the SDGs Annex B: tables of health statistics by country, WHO region and globally |publisher=World Health Organization |url=https://www.who.int/gho/publications/world_health_statistics/2016/EN_WHS2016_AnnexB.pdf |date=2016 |access-date=2018-08-03 |archive-date=30 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210130053918/https://www.who.int/gho/publications/world_health_statistics/2016/EN_WHS2016_AnnexB.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2015_Volume-I_Comprehensive-Tables.pdf |title=United Nations World Population Prospects: 2015 revision |author=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs |publisher=UN |date=29 July 2015 |access-date=2018-08-03 |archive-date=25 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161225113155/https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2015_Volume-I_Comprehensive-Tables.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.indexmundi.com/falkland_islands_(islas_malvinas)/life_expectancy_at_birth.html |title=Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) Life expectancy at birth |work=Index Mundi |access-date=2018-08-03 |archive-date=3 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803175855/https://www.indexmundi.com/falkland_islands_(islas_malvinas)/life_expectancy_at_birth.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160711222147/http://www.indexmundi.com/greenland/life_expectancy_at_birth.html |archive-date=11 July 2016 |url=http://www.indexmundi.com/greenland/life_expectancy_at_birth.html |title=Greenland Life expectancy at birth |work=Index Mundi |access-date=2018-08-03}}</ref>]]
Population estimates by region (in billions):
{|class="wikitable"
|-
| || 2000 || 2050 || 2100
|-
| [[Eastern Africa]] || 0.26|| 0.85 <small>(+227%, +1.8% p.a.)</small>|| 1.45 <small>(+458%, +0.6% p.a.)</small>
|-
| [[Middle Africa]] || 0.096|| 0.38 <small>(+296%, +2.1% p.a.) </small>|| 0.75 <small>(+681%, +0.8% p.a.) </small>
|-
| [[North Africa]] || 0.17|| 0.37 <small>(+118%, +1.1% p.a.) </small>|| 0.50 <small>(+194%, +0.3% p.a.) </small>
|-
| [[Southern Africa]] || 0.051 || 0.087 <small>(+70%, +0.6% p.a.) </small>|| 0.094 <small>(+82%, -0.1% p.a.) </small>
|-
| [[West Africa]] || 0.23 || 0.80 <small>(+248%, +2.0% p.a.) </small>|| 1.48 <small>(+543%, +0.7% p.a.) </small>
|-
| '''Africa''' || 0.81 || 2.49 <small>(+207%, +1.7% p.a.) </small>|| 4.28 <small>(+428%, +0.6% p.a.) </small>
|-
| '''[[World population estimates|World]]''' || 6.14 || 9.73 <small>(+58%, +0.5% p.a.) </small>|| 10.88 <small>(+77%, +0.0% p.a.) </small>
|}

==Health==
[[Image:Infantmortalityrate.jpg|thumb|300px|World map indicating infant mortality rates per 1000 births in 2006.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The world factbook 2006|date=2006|publisher=Potomac|others=United States. Central Intelligence Agency.|isbn=978-1574889970|location=Dulles, Va.|oclc=64964412}}</ref>]]{{Further|HIV/AIDS in Africa}}

=== History of health care development in sub-Saharan Africa ===
In September 1987, [[UNICEF]] and the [[World Health Organization (WHO)]] Regional Committee announced the launching of the [[Bamako Initiative]]— chartered in response to financial issues occurring in the region during the 1980s, and with the aim of increasing access to vital medications through community involvement in revolving drug funds.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Hanson |first1=Kara |last2=McPake|first2=Barbara|date=1993|title=The Bamako Initiative: where is it going |journal=Health Policy and Planning|publisher=Oxford University Press|volume=8|issue=3 |pages=267–274|doi=10.1093/heapol/8.3.247-a |citeseerx=10.1.1.878.4969 }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Ridde|first=Valéry|date=2011|title=Is the Bamako Initiative Still Relevant for West African Health Systems?|url=http://www.medsp.umontreal.ca/IRSPUM_DB/pdf/29285.pdf|journal=International Journal of Health Services|publisher=Baywood Publishing Co., Inc.|volume=41|issue=1|pages=175–184|doi=10.2190/HS.41.1.l|pmid=21319728|s2cid=33498576|via=Google Scholar|access-date=16 April 2018|archive-date=17 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417022845/http://www.medsp.umontreal.ca/IRSPUM_DB/pdf/29285.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The 1987 [[Bamako Initiative]] conference, organized by the [[World Health Organization|WHO]] was held in [[Bamako]], the capital of [[Mali]], and helped reshape the health policy of sub-Saharan Africa.<ref>{{Cite web |url= http://www.eldis.org/healthsystems/userfees/background.htm |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20061128203803/http://www.eldis.org/healthsystems/userfees/background.htm |url-status= dead |archive-date= 2006-11-28 |title= Health Systems Resource Guide: user fees|date=2006-11-28|access-date=2018-05-10}}</ref> The meeting was attended by African [[Health minister|Ministers of Health]] who advocated for improvement of healthcare access through the revitalization of primary healthcare.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> The new strategy substantially increased accessibility through community-based [[healthcare reform]], resulting in more efficient and equitable provision of services. The public health community within the region raised issues in response to the initiative, of which included: equity, access, affordability, integration issues, relative importance given to medications, management, dependency, logistics, and sustainability.<ref name=":0" /> As a result of these critiques, the Initiative later transformed to address the increase of accessibility of health services, the enhancement of quality of health services, and the overall improvement of health system management.<ref name=":0" /> A comprehensive approach strategy was extended to all areas of health care, with subsequent improvement in the health care indicators and improvement in health care efficiency and cost.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Knippenberg |first1=R. |last2=Alihonou |first2=E. |last3=Soucat |first3=A. |last4=Oyegbite |first4=K. |last5=Calivis |first5=M. |last6=Hopwood|first6=I.|last7=Niimi|first7=R.|last8=Diallo|first8=M. P. |last9=Conde|first9=M.|date=June 1997|title=Implementation of the Bamako Initiative: strategies in Benin and Guinea|journal=The International Journal of Health Planning and Management|volume=12 Suppl 1|issue=S1 |pages=S29–47 |doi=10.1002/(SICI)1099-1751(199706)12:1+<S29::AID-HPM465>3.0.CO;2-U|issn=0749-6753|pmid=10173105}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url= http://www.medicusmundi.ch/mms/services/bulletin/bulletin200201/kap01/07kuechler.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071008211344/http://www.medicusmundi.ch/mms/services/bulletin/bulletin200201/kap01/07kuechler.html |url-status= dead |archive-date= 2007-10-08 |title=Medicus Mundi Switzerland – Manageable Bamako Initiative schemes|date=2007-10-08 |access-date=2018-05-10}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!Period
!Life expectancy in<br />Years
|-
|1950–1955
|37.49
|-
|1955–1960
|{{increase}} 40.03
|-
|1960–1965
|{{increase}} 42.44
|-
|1965–1970
|{{increase}} 44.52
|-
|1970–1975
|{{increase}} 46.60
|-
|1975–1980
|{{increase}} 48.82
|-
|1980–1985
|{{increase}} 50.73
|-
|1985–1990
|{{increase}} 52.10
|-
|1990–1995
|{{decrease}} 51.93
|-
|1995–2000
|{{increase}} 52.33
|-
|2000–2005
|{{increase}} 53.52
|-
|2005–2010
|{{increase}} 56.78
|-
|2010–2015
|{{increase}} 60.24
|-
|2015–2020
|{{increase}} 62.66
|}
Source: ''World Population Prospects''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/|title=World Population Prospects 2019 – Population Division – United Nations|website=esa.un.org|access-date=2021-05-23|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Major health challenges ===
The [[Sub-Saharan Africa|sub-Saharan]] African region experiences disproportionate rates of infectious and chronic diseases in comparison to other global regions.<ref name=":2" />

==== Diabetes ====
[[Type 2 diabetes]] persists as an epidemic in the region posing a public health and socioeconomic crisis for sub-Saharan Africa. Scarcity of data for pathogenesis and subtypes for diabetes in sub-Saharan African communities has led to gaps in documenting epidemiology for the disease. High rates of undiagnosed diabetes in many countries leaves individuals at a high risk of chronic health complications, thus, posing a high risk of diabetes-related morbidity and mortality in the region.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Mbanya|first1=Jean Claude N|last2=Motala|first2=Ayesha A|last3=Sobngwi|first3=Eugene|last4=Assah|first4=Felix K|last5=Enoru|first5=Sostanie T|date=2010-06-26|title=Diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa|journal=The Lancet|volume=375|issue=9733|pages=2254–2266|doi=10.1016/s0140-6736(10)60550-8|pmid=20609971|s2cid=28615389|issn=0140-6736}}</ref>

==== HIV/AIDS ====
In 2011, sub-Saharan Africa was home to 69% of all people living with [[HIV/AIDS]] worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://files.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/documents/epidemiology/2012/gr2012/20121120_FactSheet_Global_en.pdf|title=Global Fact Sheet: World AIDS Day 2012|last=UNAIDS|website=UNAIDS.org|access-date=10 May 2018|archive-date=29 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180729194221/http://files.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/documents/epidemiology/2012/gr2012/20121120_FactSheet_Global_en.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> In response, a number of initiatives have been launched to educate the public on HIV/AIDS. Among these are combination prevention programmes, considered to be the most effective initiative, the [[abstinence, be faithful, use a condom]] campaign, and the [[Desmond Tutu HIV Foundation]]'s outreach programs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.desmondtutuhivcentre.org.za/page/work/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116014630/https://www.desmondtutuhivcentre.org.za/page/work/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2013-01-16|title=Desmond Tutu HIV Foundation – Our Work|date=2013-01-16|access-date=2018-05-10}}</ref> According to a 2013 special report issued by the [[Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS]] (UNAIDS), the number of HIV positive people in Africa receiving anti-retroviral treatment in 2012 was over seven times the number receiving treatment in 2005, with an almost 1 million added in the last year alone.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/presscentre/pressreleaseandstatementarchive/2013/may/20130521prupdateafrica|title=UNAIDS reports more than 7 million people now on HIV treatment across Africa––with nearly 1 million added in the last year—while new HIV infections and deaths from AIDS continue to fall|website=www.unaids.org|language=en|access-date=2018-05-10|archive-date=7 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181207073259/http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/presscentre/pressreleaseandstatementarchive/2013/may/20130521prupdateafrica|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://files.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/documents/unaidspublication/2013/20130521_Update_Africa.pdf|title=UNAIDS Special Report Update: How Africa Turned AIDS Around|last=UN Joint Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)|date=May 2013|access-date=10 May 2018|archive-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010214938/http://files.unaids.org/en/media/unaids/contentassets/documents/unaidspublication/2013/20130521_Update_Africa.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The number of AIDS-related deaths in sub-Saharan Africa in 2011 was 33 percent less than the number in 2005.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|title=Global report : UNAIDS report on the global AIDS epidemic : 2012.|date=2012|publisher=UNAIDS|others=Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS.|isbn=9789291735921|location=[Geneva]|oclc=823635323}}</ref> The number of new HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa in 2011 was 25 percent less than the number in 2001.<ref name=":4" />

==== Malaria ====
[[Malaria]] is an endemic illness in sub-Saharan Africa, where the majority of malaria cases and deaths worldwide occur.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria|title=Fact sheet about Malaria|website=World Health Organization|language=en-US|access-date=2018-05-10|archive-date=4 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170804185412/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs094/en/|url-status=live}}</ref>

==== Maternal and infant mortality ====
[[File:Total Fertility Rate Map by Country.svg|thumb|right|upright=1.35|Map of countries by fertility rate (2020), according to the [[Population Reference Bureau]]]]
Studies show that more than half of the world's [[maternal death]]s occur in sub-Saharan Africa.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Alvarez|first1=Jose Luis|last2=Gil|first2=Ruth|last3=Hernández|first3=Valentín|last4=Gil|first4=Angel|date=2009-12-14|title=Factors associated with maternal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa: an ecological study |journal=BMC Public Health|volume=9|pages=462|doi=10.1186/1471-2458-9-462 |pmc=2801510|pmid=20003411}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/maternal-mortality|title=Maternal mortality|website=World Health Organization|language=en-US|access-date=2018-05-10|archive-date=22 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422182048/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs348/en/|url-status=live}}</ref> However, progress has been made in this area, as maternal mortality rates have decreased for multiple countries in the region by about half since 1990.<ref name=":3" /> Additionally, the [[African Union]] in July 2003 ratified the [[Maputo Protocol]], which pledges to prohibit [[female genital mutilation]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/09/15/opinion/a-brutal-custom-join-forces-to-banish-the-mutilation-of-women.html|title=A brutal custom : Join forces to banish the mutilation of women|last=Bonino|first=Emma|date=2004-09-15|work=The New York Times|access-date=2018-05-10|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=15 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915225755/https://www.nytimes.com/2004/09/15/opinion/a-brutal-custom-join-forces-to-banish-the-mutilation-of-women.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

The sub-Saharan African region alone accounts for about 45% of global [[Infant mortality|infant and child mortalities]]. Studies have shown a relationship between infant survival and the education of mothers, as years of education positively correlate with infant survival rates. Geographic location is also a factor, as child mortality rates are higher in rural areas in comparison to urban regions.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Black lives matter : lifespan perspectives|others=Fairchild, Halford H.|year=2017|isbn=9789382661405|location=Delhi, India|oclc=984759607}}</ref>

==== Measles ====
Routine immunization has been introduced to countries within sub-Saharan Africa in order to prevent [[measles]] outbreaks within the region.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Verguet|first1=Stéphane|last2=Jassat|first2=Waasila|last3=Hedberg|first3=Calle|last4=Tollman|first4=Stephen |last5=Jamison|first5=Dean T.|last6=Hofman|first6=Karen J.|date=2012-02-21|title=Measles control in Sub-Saharan Africa: South Africa as a case study|journal=Vaccine|volume=30|issue=9|pages=1594–1600|doi=10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.123|issn=1873-2518|pmid=22230581}}</ref>

==== Neglected tropical diseases ====
[[Neglected tropical diseases]] such as [[hookworm infection]] encompass some of the most common health conditions which affect an estimated 500 million individuals in the sub-Saharan African region.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Hotez|first1=Peter J.|last2=Kamath|first2=Aruna|date=2009-08-25|title=Neglected Tropical Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa: Review of Their Prevalence, Distribution, and Disease Burden |journal=PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases|language=en|volume=3|issue=8|pages=e412|doi=10.1371/journal.pntd.0000412 |pmc=2727001|pmid=19707588}}</ref>

==== Non-communicable diseases ====

Results of [[Global Burden of Disease]] studies reveal that the age-standardized death rates of [[non-communicable disease]]s in at least four sub-Saharan countries including [[South Africa]], [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]], [[Nigeria]], and [[Ethiopia]] supersede that of identified high-income countries.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Dalal |first1=Shona |last2=Beunza |first2=Juan Jose |last3=Volmink |first3=Jimmy |last4=Adebamowo |first4=Clement |last5=Bajunirwe |first5=Francis |last6=Njelekela|first6=Marina|last7=Mozaffarian |first7=Dariush |last8=Fawzi |first8=Wafaie |last9=Willett|first9=Walter|date=2011-08-01|title=Non-communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: what we know now|journal=International Journal of Epidemiology|language=en|volume=40|issue=4|pages=885–901|doi=10.1093/ije/dyr050|pmid=21527446 |issn=0300-5771|doi-access=free }}</ref> Improvement in statistics systems and increase in epidemiological studies with in-depth analysis of disease risk factors could improve the understanding of [[non-communicable disease]]s (i.e.: [[Diabetes mellitus|diabetes]], [[hypertension]], [[cancer]], [[cardiovascular disease]], [[obesity]], etc.) in sub-Saharan Africa as well as better inform decisions surrounding healthcare policy in the region.<ref name=":2" />

==== Onchocerciasis ====
[[Onchocerciasis]] ("river blindness"), a common cause of [[blindness]], is also endemic to parts of the region. More than 99% of people affected by the illness worldwide live in 31 countries therein.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/onchocerciasis|title=Onchocerciasis (river blindness)|website=World Health Organization|language=en-US|access-date=2018-05-10|archive-date=22 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180422191956/http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs374/en/|url-status=live}}</ref> In response, the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control (APOC) was launched in 1995 with the aim of controlling the disease.<ref name=":5" />

==== Tuberculosis ====
[[Tuberculosis]] is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality on a global scale, especially in high HIV-prevalent populations in the sub-Saharan African region, with a high [[case fatality rate]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Mukadi|first1=Ya Diul|last2=Maher|first2=Dermot|last3=Harries|first3=Anthony|date=2001-01-26|title=Tuberculosis case fatality rates in high HIV prevalence populations in sub-Saharan Africa|journal=AIDS|language=en-US|volume=15|issue=2|pages=143–52|issn=0269-9370|doi=10.1097/00002030-200101260-00002|pmid=11216921|s2cid=7210410}}</ref>

=== National healthcare systems ===
National health systems vary between countries. In [[Ghana]], most health care is provided by the government and largely administered by the [[Ministry of Health, Ghana|Ministry of Health]] and [[Ghana Health Services]]. The healthcare system has five levels of providers: health posts which are first level primary care for rural areas, health centers and clinics, district hospitals, regional hospitals and tertiary hospitals. These programs are funded by the government of Ghana, financial credits, Internally Generated Fund (IGF), and Donors-pooled Health Fund.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Canagarajah|first1=Sudharshan|last2=Ye|first2=Xiao|date=2001-04-01|title=Public Health and Education Spending in Ghana in 1992–98: Issues of Equity and Efficiency|ssrn=632648|language=en}}</ref>

A shortage of health professionals compounded by migration of health workers from sub-Saharan Africa to other parts of the world (namely English-speaking nations such as the United States and the [[United Kingdom]]) has negatively impacted productivity and efficacy of the region's health systems.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Naicker|first1=Saraladevi|last2=Plange-Rhule|first2=Jacob|last3=Tutt|first3=Roger C.|last4=Eastwood|first4=John B.|date=2009|title=Shortage of healthcare workers in developing countries—Africa|journal=Ethnicity & Disease|volume=19|issue=1 Suppl 1|pages=S1–60–4|issn=1049-510X|pmid=19484878}}</ref>

More than 85% of individuals in Africa use traditional medicine as an alternative to often expensive allopathic medical health care and costly pharmaceutical products. The [[Organisation of African Unity|Organization of African Unity]] (OAU) Heads of State and Government declared the 2000s decade as the African Decade on [[African traditional medicine|African Traditional Medicine]] in an effort to promote The [https://www.afro.who.int/ WHO African Region]’s adopted resolution for institutionalizing traditional medicine in health care systems across the continent.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kofi-Tsekpo|first=Mawuli|date=2004|title=Institutionalization of African traditional medicine in health care systems in Africa|journal=African Journal of Health Sciences|volume=11|issue=1–2|pages=i–ii|issn=1022-9272|pmid=17298111|doi=10.4314/ajhs.v11i1.30772}}</ref> Public policy makers in the region are challenged with consideration of the importance of traditional/indigenous health systems and whether their coexistence with the modern medical and health sub-sector would improve the equitability and accessibility of health care distribution, the health status of populations, and the social-economic development of nations within sub-Saharan Africa.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Dunlop|first=David W.|date=November 1975|title=Alternatives to "modern" health delivery systems in Africa: Public policy issues of traditional health systems|journal=Social Science & Medicine|volume=9|issue=11–12|pages=581–586|doi=10.1016/0037-7856(75)90171-7|pmid=817397|issn=0037-7856}}</ref> <gallery>
File:Africa HIV-AIDS 2002.svg|Map of Africa colored according to the percentage of the adult (ages 15–49) population with HIV/AIDS (Map of 2002).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.DYN.AIDS.ZS|title=Prevalence of HIV, total (% of population ages 15-49){{!}} Data|website=data.worldbank.org|language=en-us|access-date=2018-05-09|archive-date=29 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629102325/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.DYN.AIDS.ZS/countries|url-status=live}}</ref>
File:Life expectancy in select Southern African countries 1960-2012.svg|Life expectancy has fallen drastically in [[Southern Africa]] a result of HIV/AIDS.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/193181.stm|title=BBC News {{!}} Health {{!}} Life expectancy in Africa plummets due to Aids|website=news.bbc.co.uk|access-date=2018-05-09|archive-date=10 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180510051910/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/193181.stm|url-status=live}}</ref>
</gallery>

==Ethnicity==
[[File:San tribesman.jpg|upright|thumb|[[San people|San]] man from [[Botswana]].]]
[[File:Mongo family in Equateur Province.jpg|thumb|[[Mongo people|Mongo]] family in the [[Province of Équateur]], [[Democratic Republic of the Congo|DRC]]]]
[[File:Kwarastatedrummers.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Yoruba music|Yoruba]] drummers in [[Kwara State]], [[Nigeria]] (2004).]]
[[File:Xhosa.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Xhosa people]] from [[South Africa]]]]
[[File:Bedscha.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Beja people|Beja]] nomads from [[Northeast Africa]]]]
{{main|List of ethnic groups of Africa}}
{{Further|Languages of Africa}}

Speakers of [[Bantu languages]] (part of the [[Niger–Congo languages|Niger–Congo]] family) predominate in southern, central and southeast Africa. The [[Bantu peoples|Bantu]] farmers from West Africa's inland savanna progressively expanded over most of Africa.<ref>Luc-Normand Tellier (2009). "''[https://books.google.com/books?id=cXuCjDbxC1YC&pg=&dq&hl=en#v=onepage&q=&f=false Urban world history: an economic and geographical perspective] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113164106/https://books.google.com/books?id=cXuCjDbxC1YC&pg=&dq&hl=en#v=onepage&q=&f=false |date=13 January 2017 }}''". PUQ. p.204. {{ISBN|2-7605-1588-5}}</ref> But there are also several [[Nilotic]] groups in [[South Sudan]] and East Africa, the mixed [[Swahili people]] on the [[Swahili Coast]], and a few remaining [[Indigenous peoples of Africa|indigenous]] Khoisan ([[San people|San]] and [[Khoikhoi]]) and [[Pygmy]] peoples in southern and central Africa, respectively. Native [[Bantu languages|Bantu]]-speaking Africans also predominate in [[Gabon]] and [[Equatorial Guinea]], and are found in parts of southern Cameroon. In the [[Kalahari Desert]] of [[Southern Africa]], the distinct people known as the "San" have long been present. Together with the [[Khoikhoi]], they form the [[Khoisan]]. The San are the pre-Bantu indigenous people of southern Africa, while Pygmies are the pre-Bantu indigenous African peoples of Central Africa.<ref>[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article402970.ece Pygmies struggle to survive in war zone where abuse is routine] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100525095020/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article402970.ece |date=25 May 2010 }}. Times Online. 16 December 2004.</ref>
The peoples of [[West Africa]] primarily speak [[Niger–Congo languages]] belonging mostly, though not exclusively, to its non-[[Bantu languages|Bantu]] branches, though some [[Nilo-Saharan languages|Nilo-Saharan]] and [[Afroasiatic languages|Afroasiatic]]-speaking groups are also found. The Niger–Congo-speaking [[Yoruba people|Yoruba]], [[Igbo people|Igbo]], [[Fulani people|Fulani]], [[Akan people|Akan]] and [[Wolof people|Wolof]] ethnic groups are the largest and most influential. In the central Sahara, [[Mandinka people|Mandinka]] or [[Mandé peoples|Mande]] groups are most significant. [[Chadic languages|Chadic]]-speaking groups, including the [[Hausa people|Hausa]], are found in the more northerly parts of the region nearest to the Sahara and [[Nilo-Saharan]] communities such as the [[Kanuri people|Kanuri]],<ref name="cia.gov">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/nigeria/|title=The World Factbook}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/niger/|title=The World Factbook|access-date=24 January 2021|archive-date=30 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032003/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/niger/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Zarma people|Zarma]]<ref name="ReferenceA"/> and [[Songhai people|Songhai]]<ref name="ReferenceA"/><ref name="ReferenceB">{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/|title=The World Factbook|access-date=24 January 2021|archive-date=30 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210330032030/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mali/|url-status=live}}</ref> are present in eastern parts of West Africa bordering [[Central Africa]].

The peoples of North Africa comprise three main groups: [[Berbers]] in the northwest, [[Egyptians]] and [[Libyans]] in northeast, and [[Nilo-Saharan]]-speaking peoples in the east. The non-native [[Muslim]] settlers who arrived in the 7th century introduced the [[Arabic]] language and [[Islam]] to the region, initiating a process of linguistic [[Arabization]] of the region's inhabitants. The Semitic [[Phoenicia]]ns (who founded [[Carthage]]) and [[Hyksos]], the Indo-Iranian [[Alans]], the Indo-European [[Ancient Greece|Greeks]], [[Ancient Rome|Romans]] and [[Vandals]] settled in North Africa as well. [[Berber languages|Berber]]-speaking populations still make significant communities within [[Morocco]] and [[Algeria]] and are still also present in smaller numbers in [[Tunisia]] and [[Libya]].<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3509799.stm Q&A: The Berbers] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180112181804/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3509799.stm |date=12 January 2018 }}. BBC News. 12 March 2004.</ref> The Berber-speaking [[Tuareg people|Tuareg]] and other often-[[nomad]]ic peoples are the principal inhabitants of the Saharan interior of North Africa. In Mauritania, there is a small Berber community and Niger–Congo-speaking peoples in the South, though in both regions Arabic and Arab culture predominates. In Sudan, although Arabic and Arab culture predominates, it is also inhabited by originally [[Nilo-Saharan languages|Nilo-Saharan]]-speaking groups such as the [[Nubians]], [[Fur people|Fur]], [[Masalit people|Masalit]] and [[Zaghawa people|Zaghawa]]<ref name="John A. Shoup 2011 p. 333">John A. Shoup, Ethnic Groups of Africa and the Middle East (2011), p. 333, {{ISBN|159884363X}}: "The Zaghawa is one of the major divisions of the Beri peoples who live in western Sudan and eastern Chad, and their language, also called Zaghawa, belongs to the Saharan branch of the Nilo-Saharan language group."</ref> who over the centuries have variously intermixed with migrants from the Arabian peninsula. Small communities of Afro-Asiatic-speaking [[Beja people|Beja]] nomads can also be found in Egypt and Sudan.

In the [[Horn of Africa]], [[Afro-Asiatic languages|Afro-Asiatic]]-speaking groups predominate. [[Ethiopia]]n and [[Eritrea]]n groups like the [[Amhara people|Amhara]] and [[Tigrayans]] (collectively known as [[Habesha people|Habesha]]) speak languages from the [[Semitic languages|Semitic]] branch of [[Afroasiatic languages|Afro-Asiatic]] language family, while the [[Oromo people|Oromo]] and [[Somali people|Somali]] speak languages from the [[Cushitic]] branch of Afro-Asiatic. In southern Ethiopia and Eritrea, Nilotic peoples related to those in South Sudan are also found, while Bantu and Khoisan ethnic minorities inhabit parts of southern Somalia near the Kenyan border.

Prior to the [[decolonization]] movements of the post-[[World War II]] era, [[Ethnic groups of Europe|Europeans]] were represented in every part of Africa.<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,901759-3,00.html "We Want Our Country" (3 of 10)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723000220/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,901759-3,00.html |date=23 July 2013 }}. Time. 5 November 1965</ref> Decolonisation during the 1960s and 1970s often resulted in the mass emigration of European-descended settlers out of Africa – especially from Algeria and Morocco (1.6 million ''[[Pied-noir|pieds-noirs]]'' in North Africa),<ref>Raimondo Cagiano De Azevedo (1994). ''"[https://books.google.com/books?id=N8VHizsqaH0C&pg=PA25&dq&hl=en#v=onepage&q=&f=false Migration and development co-operation.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113170203/https://books.google.com/books?id=N8VHizsqaH0C&pg=PA25&dq&hl=en#v=onepage&q=&f=false |date=13 January 2017 }}"''. Council of Europe. p.25. {{ISBN|92-871-2611-9}}</ref> Kenya, Congo,<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,826488-4,00.html Jungle Shipwreck] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130722210703/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,826488-4,00.html |date=22 July 2013 }}. ''Time.'' 25 July 1960</ref> Rhodesia, Mozambique and Angola.<ref>[http://www.economist.com/world/mideast-africa/displayStory.cfm?story_id=12079340 Flight from Angola] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723131954/http://www.economist.com/node/12079340?story_id=12079340 |date=23 July 2013 }}, ''The Economist '', 16 August 1975</ref> By the end of 1977, more than one million Portuguese were thought to have returned from Africa.<ref>[http://countrystudies.us/portugal/48.htm Portugal – Emigration] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629081956/http://countrystudies.us/portugal/48.htm |date=29 June 2011 }}, Eric Solsten, ed. Portugal: A Country Study. Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress, 1993.</ref> Nevertheless, [[European Africans]] remain a minority in many African states, particularly [[South Africa]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Namibia]] and [[Réunion]].<ref>{{Cite book | first = John A. | last = Holm | title = Pidgins and Creoles: References survey | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=PcD7p9y3EIcC&pg=PA394 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 1989 | page = 394 | isbn = 978-0-521-35940-5 | access-date = 21 October 2016 | archive-date = 5 September 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150905192604/https://books.google.com/books?id=PcD7p9y3EIcC&pg=PA394 | url-status = live }}</ref> The African country with the largest native European African population is [[South Africa]].<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/south-africa/ South Africa: People: Ethnic Groups.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110042951/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/south-africa |date=10 January 2021 }} World Factbook of CIA</ref> The [[Boers]] or [[Afrikaners]], the [[British diaspora in Africa|British diaspora]] and the [[Coloureds]] ([[multiracial]]) are the largest European-descended groups in Africa today.

[[European colonization]] also brought sizable groups of [[Asian people|Asians]], particularly people from the [[Indian subcontinent]], to British colonies. Large [[Non-resident Indian and person of Indian origin|Indian communities]] are found in South Africa, and smaller ones are present in Kenya, Tanzania, and some other southern and East African countries. The large [[Indians in Uganda|Indian community in Uganda]] was [[Expulsion of Asians in Uganda in 1972|expelled]] by the dictator [[Idi Amin]] in 1972, though many have since returned. The islands in the Indian Ocean are also populated primarily by people of Asian origin, often mixed with Africans and Europeans. The [[Malagasy people]] of [[Madagascar]] are [[Austronesian people]] and native [[Africa]]n people, but those along the coast are generally mixed with Bantu, Arab, Indian and European origins. Malay and Indian ancestries are also important components in the group of people known in South Africa as [[Cape Coloured]]s (people with origins in two or more races and continents). Beginning with the 21st century many [[Hispanic]]s, primarily [[Mexicans]], [[Central America]]ns, [[Chileans]], [[Peruvians]], and [[Colombians]], have immigrated to Africa. Around 500,000 Hispanics have immigrated to Africa, most of whom live in South Africa, Kenya, Nigeria, Uganda, and Ghana. During the 20th century, small but economically important communities of [[Demographics of Lebanon#The Lebanese Diaspora|Lebanese]] and [[Overseas Chinese|Chinese]]<ref name=Africa>"[http://www.migrationinformation.org/Feature/display.cfm?id=690 China and Africa: Stronger Economic Ties Mean More Migration] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140129114909/http://www.migrationinformation.org/Feature/display.cfm?id=690 |date=29 January 2014 }}". By Malia Politzer, ''Migration Information Source''. August 2008.</ref> have also developed in the larger coastal cities of [[West Africa|West]] and East Africa, respectively.<ref>"[http://www1.voanews.com/english/news/a-13-2007-07-10-voa46.html Lebanese Immigrants Boost West African Commerce] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111224135631/http://www.voanews.com/english/news/a-13-2007-07-10-voa46.html |date=24 December 2011 }}", By Naomi Schwarz, VOANews.com, 10 July 2007</ref>

==Languages==
{{main|Languages of Africa}}
{{ethnolinguistic groups in Africa}}
There are three major linguistic phyla native to Africa:
[[Niger–Congo languages]] (including [[Bantu languages|Bantu]]) in [[West Africa|West]], [[Central Africa|Central]], [[Southeast Africa|Southeast]] and [[Southern Africa]];
[[Nilo-Saharan languages]] (unity debated) spoken from [[Tanzania]] to [[Sudan]] and from [[Chad]] to [[Mali]];
[[Khoisan languages]] (probably no phylogenetic unit, see [[Khoe languages]]), concentrated in the [[Kalahari Desert]] of [[Namibia]] and [[Botswana]];
There are several other small families and [[language isolate]]s, as well as languages that have [[Unclassified language|yet to be classified]].

In addition, the [[Afroasiatic languages]] are spread throughout [[Western Asia]], [[North Africa]], the [[Horn of Africa]] and parts of the [[Sahel]]. The [[Afroasiatic Urheimat|Afroasiatic homeland]] may be either in Western Asia or in Africa.

More recently introduced to Africa are [[Austronesian languages]] spoken in [[Madagascar]], as well as [[Indo-European languages]] spoken in [[South Africa]] and [[Namibia]] ([[Afrikaans]], [[English language|English]], [[German language|German]]), which were used as [[lingua francas]] in former [[colonial empire|European colonies]].

The total number of languages natively spoken in Africa is variously estimated (depending on the delineation of [[language]] vs. [[dialect]]) at between 1,250 and 2,100,<ref>{{cite book|title=African Languages: an Introduction|editor-last=Heine|editor-first=Bernd|editor2-last=Heine|editor2-first=Bernd|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2000}}</ref> and by some counts at "over 3,000",<ref>{{cite book|title=The Language of African Literature|page=ix|editor-last=Epstein|editor-first=Edmund L.|editor2-last=Kole|editor2-first=Robert|publisher=Africa World Press|year=1998|isbn=978-0-86543-534-6|quote=Africa is incredibly rich in language—over 3,000 indigenous languages by some counts, and many creoles, pidgins, and lingua francas.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XkkrDH27jmIC&pg=PR9|access-date=2011-06-23}}</ref>
[[Nigeria]] alone has over 500 languages (according to the count of [[SIL Ethnologue]]),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=nigeria |title=Ethnologue report for Nigeria |work=Ethnologue Languages of the World |access-date=10 April 2018 |archive-date=20 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220033002/http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=Nigeria |url-status=live }}</ref>

Around a hundred languages are widely used for inter-ethnic communication. [[Varieties of Arabic|Arabic]], [[Somali language|Somali]], [[Berber languages|Berber]], [[Amharic]], [[Oromo language|Oromo]], [[Igbo language|Igbo]], [[Swahili language|Swahili]], [[Hausa language|Hausa]], [[Manding languages|Manding]], [[Fulani language|Fulani]] and [[Yoruba language|Yoruba]] are spoken by tens of millions of people.
Twelve [[dialect cluster]]s (which may group up to a hundred linguistic varieties) are spoken by 75 percent, and fifteen by 85 percent, of Africans as a first or additional language.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/hdr04_complete.pdf |title=Human Development Report 2004 |year=2004 |publisher=United Nations Development Programme |access-date=10 April 2018 |archive-date=12 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212172938/http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/hdr04_complete.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Niger–Congo languages|Niger–Congo]] is the largest phylum of African languages, with more than 500 million speakers (2017); it is dominated by the [[Bantu languages|Bantu]] branch, spread throughout sub-Saharan Africa in the [[Bantu expansion]], Bantu speakers accounting for about half of Niger–Congo speakers.
[[Arabic]] is the most widely spoken single language in Africa by far, with a population of [[Arab Africa]] of the order of 330 million (2017).
Other Afroasiatic languages are spoken by of the order of 100 million speakers in Africa (2017).
[[Nilo-Saharan languages|Nilo-Saharan]] are spoken by of the order of 100 million speakers (2017).
[[Khoisan]] groups a number of mostly endangered [[click language]]s, the largest being [[Khoekhoe language|Khoekhoe]] with of the order of 300,000 speakers (2016).

== Religion ==
{{Main|Religion in Africa|Traditional African religions|Islam in Africa|Christianity in Africa}}

==See also==

{{Portal|Africa}}
* [[List of ethnic groups of Africa]]
* [[Africa]]
* [[Demographics of the world]]
* [[Capoid]]
* [[Congoid]]
* [[Linguistic demographics of Africa]]
* [[List of countries by fertility rate]]
* [[Child marriage#Africa|Child marriage in Africa]]
* [[Poverty in Africa]]
* [[World population]]
* [[Youth in Africa]]
* [[Religion in Africa]]
* [[Demographics of the Middle East and North Africa]]
* [[Genetic history of North Africa]]

==External links==
*[https://i.postimg.cc/3rpdJCyh/1.jpg African cities total fertility rate]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
{{Commons category|Demographics of Africa}}

{{Africa in topic|Demographics of}}
{{Demographics by continent}}
{{Africa topics}}
{{Lists of countries by population statistics}}

[[Category:Demographics of Africa| ]]
[[Category:Demographics by continent|Africa]]

Category:African people by nationality

2022-04-06T21:17:19Z

Ghqlick: Created page with "{{portal|Africa|Biography}} {{cat main|Demographics of Africa}} Nationality Category:People by continent and nationality People"

{{portal|Africa|Biography}}

{{cat main|Demographics of Africa}}

[[Category:African people| Nationality]]
[[Category:People by continent and nationality]]
[[Category:Countries in Africa| People]]

West Africa

2022-04-06T21:14:51Z

Ghqlick: Created page with "{{short description|Westernmost region of the African continent}} {{About||the region of the African Union|Regions of the African Union#West}} {{Infobox | image = 300px | caption = {{align|left|{{legend|#00a000|Western Africa (UN subregion)}}}} | bodyclass = geography | above = West Africa | label1 = Area | data1 = {{convert|5,112,903|km2|abbr=o..."

{{short description|Westernmost region of the African continent}}
{{About||the region of the African Union|Regions of the African Union#West}}
{{Infobox
| image = [[File:Africa-countries-WAFU-UFOA.png|300px]]
| caption = {{align|left|{{legend|#00a000|Western Africa ([[United Nations geoscheme|UN subregion]])}}}}
| bodyclass = geography
| above = West Africa
| label1 = Area
| data1 = {{convert|5,112,903|km2|abbr=on}} ([[List of countries and dependencies by area|7th]])
| label2 = Population
| data2 = {{UN_Population|Western Africa}} ({{UN_Population|Year}} est.) ([[List of countries by population|3rd]]){{UN_Population|ref}} <br> 381,981,000 (female: 189,672,000; male: 192,309,000 (2017 est.<ref name="UN Wt Af">[[United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]], Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision, custom data acquired via website. [https://population.un.org/wpp/DataQuery/]</ref>)
| label3 = Density
| data3 = 49.2/km<sup>2</sup> (127.5/sq mi)
| label4 = [[Demonym]]
| data4 = West African
| label5 = Countries
| data5 = {{collapsible list
| title = {{nowrap|Sovereign states (16)}}
|bwn titlestyle = text-align:left;padding-right:4em;font-weight:normal;background-color:whitesmoke;
|{{BEN}} |{{BUR}} |{{CPV}} |{{GMB}} |{{GHA}} |{{GUI}} |{{GBS}} |{{CIV}} |{{LBR}} |{{MLI}} |{{MTN}} |{{NIG}} |{{NGA}} |{{SEN}} |{{SLE}} |{{TOG}} }}
| label6 = Dependencies
| data6 = {{flagcountry|SHN}}
| label7 = Time zones
| data7 = [[UTC+0]] to [[UTC+1]]
| label8 = Major Regional Organizations
| data8 = [[Economic Community of West African States]] (ECOWAS; established 1975)
| label9 = Total [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] ([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]])
| data9 = {{US$|link=yes}}752.983 billion (2013) ([[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|23rd]])<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=62&pr.y=13&sy=2012&ey=2019&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=668%2C638%2C748%2C678%2C624%2C692%2C694%2C722%2C662%2C724%2C648%2C652%2C742%2C656&s=PPPGDP&grp=0&a= |title=IMF GDP 2011 |access-date=17 October 2014}}</ref>
| label10 = [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] ([[Purchasing power parity|PPP]]) per capita
| data10 = {{US$}}2,500 (2013)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2012&ey=2012&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=80&pr1.y=16&c=638%2C668%2C748%2C678%2C624%2C692%2C694%2C662%2C722%2C724%2C648%2C652%2C742%2C656%2C654&s=PPPPC&grp=0&a= |title=IMF GDP data, September 2011 |access-date=17 October 2014}}</ref>
| label11 = Total [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] (nominal)
| data11 = {{US$}}655.93485 billion (2013)<ref name="IMF GDP Nominal data, October 2013">{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=95&pr.y=7&sy=2013&ey=2015&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=668%2C638%2C748%2C678%2C624%2C692%2C694%2C722%2C662%2C724%2C648%2C652%2C742%2C656&s=NGDPD&grp=0&a= |title=IMF GDP data, October 2013 |access-date=17 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-04-06/nigerian-economy-overtakes-south-africa-s-on-rebased-gdp.html|title=Nigerian Economy Overtakes South Africa's on Rebased GDP|date=7 April 2014 |work=Bloomberg News |access-date=17 October 2014}}</ref>
| label12 = Total [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] (nominal) per capita
| data12 = {{US$}}1,929.22 (2013)<ref name="IMF GDP Nominal data, October 2013"/>
| label13 = Currency
| data13 = {{collapsible list
|titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
|title =
| {{flagicon|Ghana}} [[Ghana cedi|Cedi]] {{smaller|(GHS)}} 
| {{flagicon|Gambia}} [[Gambian dalasi|Dalasi]] {{smaller|(GMD)}} 
| {{flagicon|Guinea}} [[Guinean franc|Franc]] {{smaller|(GNF)}} 
| {{flagicon|Liberia}} [[Liberian dollar|Dollar]] {{smaller|(LRD)}} 
| {{flagicon|Mauritania}}
[[Mauritanian Ouguiya|Ouguiya]]
{{smaller|(MRU)}} 
| {{flagicon|Nigeria}} [[Nigerian naira|Naira]] {{smaller|(NGN)}} 
| {{flagicon|Saint Helena}} [[Saint Helena pound|Pound]] {{smaller|(SHP)}}
| {{flagicon|Sierra Leone}} [[Sierra Leonean leone|Leone]] {{smaller|(SLL)}} 
| {{nowrap|[[West African CFA franc|W. African CFA franc]] {{smaller|(XOF)}}}}}}
| label14 = Largest cities
| data14 = <br /> {{nowrap|[[Lagos]], Nigeria<br />[[Abidjan]], Ivory Coast<br />[[Accra]], Ghana<br />[[Abuja]], Nigeria<br />[[Kano (city)|Kano]], Nigeria<br />[[Ibadan]], Nigeria<br />[[Kumasi]], Ghana}}
| label15 = [[UN M.49|UN M.49 code]]
| data15 = <code>011</code> – West Africa<br /><code>202</code> – [[Sub-Saharan Africa]]<br /><code>002</code> – [[Africa]]<br /><code>001</code> – [[World]]
}}

'''West Africa''' or '''Western Africa''' is the westernmost region of [[Africa]]. The [[United Nations]] defines Western Africa as the 16 countries of [[Benin]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Cape Verde]], [[The Gambia]], [[Ghana]], [[Guinea]], [[Guinea-Bissau]], [[Ivory Coast]], [[Liberia]], [[Mali]], [[Mauritania]], [[Niger]], [[Nigeria]], [[Senegal]], [[Sierra Leone]], and [[Togo]] as well as [[Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]].<ref name="Paul R. Masson 2001">Paul R. Masson, Catherine Anne Pattillo, "Monetary union in West Africa (ECOWAS): is it desirable and how could it be achieved?" (Introduction). International Monetary Fund, 2001. {{ISBN|1-58906-014-8}}</ref> The population of '''West Africa''' is estimated at about {{#expr:{{replace|{{UN_Population|Western Africa}}|,||}}/1e6 round 0}} million{{UN_Population|ref}} people as of {{UN_Population|Year}}, and at 381,981,000 as of 2017, of which 189,672,000 are female and 192,309,000 male.<ref name="UN Wt Af"/> The region is demographically<ref>{{Cite web|title=West African population, 1950-2050 {{!}} West Africa Gateway {{!}} Portail de l'Afrique de l'Ouest|url=http://west-africa-brief.org/content/en/west-african-population-1950-2050|access-date=2021-10-30|website=west-africa-brief.org}}</ref> and economically<ref>{{Cite web|title=UEMOA economies are projected to grow by 6.6% in 2020 {{!}} West Africa Gateway {{!}} Portail de l'Afrique de l'Ouest|url=http://www.west-africa-brief.org/content/en/uemoa-economies-are-projected-grow-66-2020|access-date=2021-10-30|website=www.west-africa-brief.org}}</ref> one of the fastest growing on the African continent.

Early history in West Africa included a number of prominent regional powers, that dominated different parts of both the coast and internal trade networks, such as the [[Mali Empire|Mali]] and [[Gao Empire]]s. West Africa sat the intersection of trade routes between Arab-dominated North Africa and specialized goods from further south on the continent, including gold, advanced iron-working, and products like ivory. After European exploration encountered a rich local economies and kingdoms, the [[Atlantic slave trade|European slave trade]] exploited previous slave systems to provide labor for colonies in the Americas. After the end of the [[Abolition of slavery|slave trade in the early 19th century]], Europeans, especially [[French West Africa|France]] and [[British West Africa|Britain]], continued to [[Scramble for Africa|exploit the region through colonial relationships]]—exporting a number of [[Extractive industries|extractive goods]], including labor intensive agricultural crops like cocoa and coffee, forestry products like tropical timber, and minerals like gold. Since independence, many of the West African countries, like [[Ivory Coast]], [[Ghana]], [[Nigeria]] and [[Senegal]], play important roles in the regional and global economies.

West Africa has a rich ecology, with strong biodiversity and several distinct regions. The climate and ecology are heavily influenced by the dry Sahara to the North and East, which provides dry winds during the [[Harmattan]], and the west and humid climate to the south and of the Atlantic which provides seasonal monsoons. This mix of ecologies, mean that there is both biodiversity-rich tropical forest, and drylands that support a number of rare or endangered fauna, such as [[pangolin]], [[rhinoceros]] and [[elephant]]. Because of the pressure for economic development, many of these ecologies are threatened by processes like [[deforestation]], [[biodiversity loss]], [[overfishing]], pollution from mining, plastic and other economic processes, and the extreme changes that will result [[Climate change in Africa|from climate change in West Africa]].

==History==
{{Main|History of West Africa}}
{{See|Sub-Saharan Africa#Western Africa|African empires#West Africa|List of kingdoms in pre-colonial Africa#West Africa}}
The history of West Africa can be divided into five major periods: first, its prehistory, in which the first [[human]] settlers arrived, developed [[agriculture]], and made contact with peoples to the north; the second, the Iron Age empires that consolidated both intra-Africa, and extra-Africa trade, and developed centralized states; third, major polities flourished, which would undergo an extensive history of contact with non-Africans; fourth, the colonial period, in which [[Great Britain]] and [[France]] controlled nearly the entire region; and fifth, the post-independence era, in which the current nations were formed.

===Prehistory===
{{Main | Prehistoric West Africa#Early Stone Age}}

Acheulean tool-using [[archaic humans]] may have dwelled throughout West Africa since at least between 780,000 BP and 126,000 BP ([[Middle Pleistocene]]).<ref name="Scerri">{{cite web |last1=Scerri |first1=Eleanor |title=The Stone Age Archaeology of West Africa |url=https://oxfordre.com/africanhistory/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277734-e-137 |website=Oxford Research Encyclopedias |year=2017 |publisher=Oxford University Press|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190277734.013.137 |isbn=9780190277734 }}</ref> During the [[Pleistocene]], [[Middle Stone Age]] peoples (e.g., [[Iwo Eleru skull|Iwo Eleru people]],<ref name="MacDonald">{{cite journal |last1=MacDonald |first1=Kevin |title=Korounkorokalé revisited: ThePays Mande and the West African microlithic technocomplex |url=https://www.academia.edu/1615718 |journal=African Archaeological Review |date=January 1997 |volume=14 |issue=3 |pages=161–200 |doi=10.1007/BF02968406 |s2cid=161691927 }}</ref> possibly [[Aterians]]), who dwelled throughout West Africa between [[MIS 4]] and [[MIS 2]],<ref name="Niang">{{cite journal |last1=Niang |first1=Khady |display-authors=etal |title=The Middle Stone Age occupations of Tiémassas, coastal West Africa, between 62 and 25 thousand years ago |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347705395 |journal=Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports |year=2020 |volume=34 |page=102658 |doi=10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102658|s2cid=228826414 }}</ref> were gradually replaced by incoming [[Central African foragers|Late Stone Age peoples]], who migrated into West Africa<ref name="Schlebusch">{{cite journal |last1=Schlebusch |first1=Carina M. |last2=Jakobsson |first2=Mattias |title=Tales of Human Migration, Admixture, and Selection in Africa |url=http://jakobssonlab.iob.uu.se/pdfs_Jakobssonlab/SchlebuschANDJakobsson_ANNREVGenHuGen_2019.pdf |journal=Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics |year=2018 |volume=19 |pages=405–428 |doi=10.1146/annurev-genom-083117-021759 |pmid=29727585 |s2cid=19155657 }}</ref> as an increase in humid conditions resulted in the subsequent expansion of the [[Guinean Forests of West Africa|West African forest]].<ref name="Scerri II">{{cite journal |last1=Scerri |first1=Eleanor M. L. |title=Continuity of the Middle Stone Age into the Holocene |journal=Scientific Reports |year=2021 |volume=11 |issue=1 |page=70 |doi=10.1038/s41598-020-79418-4 |pmid=33431997 |pmc=7801626 }}</ref> [[West African hunter-gatherers]] occupied western [[Central Africa]] (e.g., [[Shum Laka]]) earlier than 32,000 BP,<ref name="MacDonald" /> dwelled throughout [[Guinea (region)|coastal West Africa]] by 12,000 BP,<ref name="MacDonald X">{{cite book |last1=MacDonald |first1=Kevin C. |title=Archaeology, language and the peopling of West Africa: a consideration of the evidence |date=Sep 2, 2003 |publisher=Routledge |pages=39–40, 43–44 |isbn=9781134828692 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=48iKiprsRMwC&q=%22Most+of+these+occurrences+have+previously+been+classed+under+the+overarching+sobriquet+of%22&pg=PA37}}</ref> and migrated northward between 12,000 BP and 8000 BP as far as Mali, Burkina Faso,<ref name="MacDonald X" /> and Mauritania.<ref name="Abd-El-Moniem">{{cite web |last1=Abd-El-Moniem |first1=Hamdi Abbas Ahmed |title=A New Recording Of Mauritanian Rock Art |url=https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1444476/1/U591781.pdf |website=University College London }}</ref>

During the [[Holocene]], [[Niger-Congo]] speakers independently created pottery in [[Ounjougou]], Mali<ref name="Bellwood">{{cite book |last1=Bellwood |first1=Peter |title=Sub-Saharan Africa: Linguistics |date=Nov 10, 2014 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |page=100 |isbn=9781118970591 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2HMTBwAAQBAJ&q=niger+congo+bce&pg=PA100}}</ref><ref name="Jesse">{{cite journal |last1=Jesse |first1=Friederike |title=Early Pottery in Northern Africa – An Overview |url=https://brill.com/view/journals/jaa/8/2/article-p219_4.xml |year=2010 |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=219–238 |journal=[[Journal of African Archaeology]]|doi=10.3213/1612-1651-10171 }}</ref> – the earliest [[Pottery#Africa|pottery in Africa]]<ref name="Huysecom X">{{cite web |last1=Huysecom |first1=Eric |title=The First Emergence of Ceramic Production in Africa |url=https://oxfordre.com/anthropology/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190854584.001.0001/acrefore-9780190854584-e-66 |website=Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Anthropology |year=2020 |publisher=Oxford University Press|doi=10.1093/acrefore/9780190854584.013.66 |isbn=9780190854584 }}</ref> – by at least 9400 BCE,<ref name="Bellwood" /> and along with their pottery,<ref name="Huysecom X" /> as well as wielding [[bows and arrows]],<ref name="Blench">{{cite journal |last1=Blench |first1=Roger |title=Africa over the last 12000 years: how we can interpret the interface of archaeology, linguistics and genetics |url=https://www.academia.edu/28768228 |website=Academia |publisher=University of Cambridge}}</ref> migrated into the Central Sahara,<ref name="Huysecom X" /> which became their primary region of residence by 10,000 BP.<ref name="Blench" /> The emergence and expansion of ceramics in the Sahara may be linked with the origin of Round Head and Kel Essuf rock art, which occupy rockshelters in the same regions (e.g., [[Djado]], [[Tadrart Acacus|Acacus]], [[Tadrart Rouge|Tadrart]]).<ref name="Achrati">{{cite web |last1=Achrati |first1=Ahmed |title=What ever Happened to the People? Humans and Anthropomorphs in the Rock Art of Northern Africa: International Conference |url=https://search.proquest.com/openview/0672a3f225f577d7efc873adae4ba3d3/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=376312 |website=ProQuest |publisher=Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences}}</ref> Hunters in the Central Sahara farmed, stored, and cooked untamed central Saharan [[flora]] as well as tamed and shepherded [[Barbary sheep]].<ref name="Mercuri">{{cite web |last1=Mercuri |first1=Anna Maria |display-authors=etal |title=Depicting plant behaviour through human imprints: wild cereals" cultivation in the Holocene Sahara |url=https://pure.hud.ac.uk/ws/files/13002082/Mercuri_Lernia_text_legends2_last_submission.pdf |website=University of Huddersfield |publisher=University of Huddersfield}}</ref> After the [[Kel Essuf Period]] and [[Round Head Period]] of the Central Sahara, the [[Pastoral Period]] followed.<ref name="Soukopova I">{{cite journal |last1=Soukopova |first1=Jitka |title=Central Saharan rock art: Considering the kettles and cupules |url=https://www.academia.edu/33092285 |journal=Journal of Arid Environments |year=2017 |volume=143 |page=10 |doi=10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.12.011 |bibcode=2017JArEn.143...10S }}</ref> Some of the hunter-gatherers who created the Round Head rock art may have adopted pastoral culture, and others may have not.<ref name="Soukopova X">{{cite journal |last1=Soukopova |first1=Jitka |title=Tassili Paintings: Ancient roots of current African beliefs? |url=https://www.academia.edu/24483825 |website=Academia |date=January 2015 |publisher=Expression}}</ref> As a result of increasing [[aridification]] of the [[Green Sahara]], Central Saharan [[hunter-gatherers]] and cattle [[herders]] may have used seasonal waterways as the migratory route taken to the [[Niger River]] and [[Chad Basin]] of West Africa.<ref name="Soukopova II">{{cite book |last1=Soukopova |first1=Jitka |title=Rain and rock art in the Sahara: a possible interpretation |url=https://www.academia.edu/43418786 |website=Academia |date=January 2020 |publisher=Expression}}</ref> Migration of Saharan peoples south of the Sahelian region resulted in seasonal interaction with and gradual absorption of West African hunter-gatherers, who primarily dwelt in the [[West Sudanian savanna|savannas]] and [[Guinean Forests of West Africa|forests]] of West Africa.<ref name="MacDonald X" /> After having persisted as late as 1000 BP,<ref name="MacDonald X" /> or some period of time after 1500 CE,<ref name="Van Beek">{{cite book |last1=Van Beek |first1=Walter E.A. |last2=Banga |first2=Pieteke M. |title=The Dogon and their trees |date=Mar 11, 2002 |publisher=Routledge |page=66 |isbn=9781134919567 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ppuKAgAAQBAJ&q=%22Tellem%22+%22Dogon%22&pg=PA57}}</ref> remaining West African hunter-gatherers, many of whom dwelt in the [[Guinean forest-savanna mosaic|forest-savanna]] region, were ultimately acculturated and admixed into the larger groups of West African [[agriculturalists]], akin to the migratory [[Bantu peoples|Bantu]] agriculturalists and their [[Bantu expansion#Central Africa|encounters]] with [[Central African hunter-gatherers]].<ref name="MacDonald X" />

===Empires===
{{Main|History of West Africa#Iron Age}}
{{See|History of Africa#West Africa|History of Africa#West Africa 2|Blacksmiths of western Africa}}
{{See also|Jews of Bilad el-Sudan}}
[[File:Mansa Musa.jpg|thumb|left|[[Mansa Musa]] depicted holding a [[gold nugget]] from a 1395 map of [[Africa]] and [[Europe]]]]
The development of the region's economy allowed more centralized states and civilizations to form, beginning with [[Dhar Tichitt]] that began in 1600 B.C. followed by [[Djenné-Djenno]] beginning in 300 B.C. This was then succeeded by the [[Ghana Empire]] that first flourished between the 9th and 12th centuries, which later gave way to the [[Mali Empire]]. In current-day Mauritania, there exist archaeological sites in the towns of [[Tichit]] and [[Oualata]] that were initially constructed around 2000 B.C., and were found to have originated from the [[Soninke people|Soninke]] branch of the [[Mandé peoples]]. Also, based on the archaeology of the city of [[Kumbi Saleh]] in modern-day Mauritania, the Mali empire came to dominate much of the region until its defeat by [[Almoravid]] invaders in 1052.

Three great kingdoms were identified in ''Bilad al-Sudan'' by the ninth century. They included Ghana, [[Gao]] and [[Kanem Empire|Kanem]].<ref>{{cite book|author-link=Nehemia Levtzion|last1=Levtzion|first1=Nehemia|title=Ancient Ghana and Mali|date=1973|publisher=Methuen & Co Ltd|location=New York|isbn=978-0841904316|page=3}}</ref>

The [[Sosso Empire]] sought to fill the void but was defeated (c. 1240) by the [[Mandinka people|Mandinka]] forces of [[Sundiata Keita]], founder of the new Mali Empire. The Mali Empire continued to flourish for several centuries, most particularly under Sundiata's grandnephew [[Mansa Musa|Musa I]], before a succession of weak rulers led to its collapse under [[Mossi people|Mossi]], [[Tuareg people|Tuareg]] and [[Songhai people|Songhai]] invaders. In the 15th century, the Songhai would form a new dominant state based on [[Gao]], in the [[Songhai Empire]], under the leadership of [[Sonni Ali]] and [[Askia Mohammed]].
[[File:African slave trade.png|thumb|13th-century Africa – Map of the main trade routes and states, kingdoms and empires.]]
Meanwhile, south of the Sudan, strong city-states arose in [[Igboland]], such as the 10th-century [[Kingdom of Nri]], which helped birth the arts and customs of the [[Igbo people]], [[Bono state|Bono State]] in the 11th century, which gave birth to the numerous [[Akan people|Akan]] States, while [[Ife]] rose to prominence around the 12th century. Further east, [[Oyo Empire|Oyo]] arose as the dominant [[Yoruba people|Yoruba]] state and the [[Aro Confederacy]] as a dominant [[Igbo people|Igbo]] state in modern-day Nigeria.

The Kingdom of Nri was a West African medieval state in present-day southeastern Nigeria and a subgroup of the Igbo people. The Kingdom of Nri was unusual in the history of world government in that its leader exercised no military power over his subjects. The kingdom existed as a sphere of religious and political influence over a third of Igboland and was administered by a priest-king called as an [[Eze Nri]]. The Eze Nri managed trade and diplomacy on behalf of the Nri people and possessed divine authority in religious matters.

The [[Oyo Empire]] was a [[Yoruba people|Yoruba]] empire of what is today Western,North central [[Nigeria]] and southern [[Republic of Benin]]. Established in the 14th century, the Oyo Empire grew to become one of the largest West African states. It rose through the outstanding organizational skills of the Yoruba, wealth gained from trade and its powerful [[cavalry]]. The Oyo Empire was the most politically important state in the region from the mid-17th to the late 18th century, holding sway not only over most of the other kingdoms in [[Yorubaland]], but also over nearby African states, notably the [[Fon people|Fon]] [[Kingdom of Dahomey]] in the modern [[Republic of Benin]] to the west.

The Benin Empire was a [[post-classical]] empire located in what is now southern [[Nigeria]]. Its capital was Edo, now known as [[Benin City]], [[Edo State|Edo]]. It should not be confused with the modern-day country called [[Benin]], formerly called [[Republic of Dahomey|Dahomey]]. The Benin Empire was "one of the oldest and most highly developed states in the coastal hinterland of West Africa, dating perhaps to the eleventh century CE",. The Benin Empire was governed by a sovereign Emperor with hundreds of thousands of soldiers and a powerful council rich in resources, wealth, ancient science and technology with cities described as beautiful and large as [[Haarlem]]. "[[Olfert Dapper]], a Dutch writer, describing Benin in his book ''[[Description of Africa (Olfert Dapper)|Description of Africa]]'' (1668) ". Its craft was the most adored and treasured bronze casting in the history of Africa. It was annexed by the [[British Empire]] in 1897 during the invasion and scramble of Africa.

===European contact and enslavement===
{{Main|Atlantic slave trade}}
[[File:Africa de l'Oèst en 1875-es.svg|thumb|right|260px|West Africa circa 1875]]
Portuguese traders began establishing settlements along the coast in 1445, followed by the [[France|French]], [[England|English]], [[Spain|Spanish]], [[Denmark|Danish]] and [[Netherlands|Dutch]]; the [[African slave trade]] began not long after, which over the following centuries would debilitate the region's economy and population.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24156 |title=Historical survey: Slave-owning societies |website=Encyclopædia Britannica |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070223090720/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24156 |archive-date=February 23, 2007}}</ref> The slave trade also encouraged the formation of states such as the [[Bono state|Bono State]], [[Bambara Empire]] and [[Dahomey]], whose economic activities include but not limited to exchanging slaves for European [[firearm]]s.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Peterson|first1=Derek R.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Om12BgAAQBAJ|title=The Politics of Heritage in Africa|last2=Gavua|first2=Kodzo|last3=Rassool|first3=Ciraj|date=2015-03-02|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-09485-7|language=en}}</ref>

===Colonialism===
{{Further|Colonisation of Africa}}
[[File:French West Africa 1913 map.png|thumb|left|French in West Africa circa 1913]]
In the early 19th century, a series of Fulani reformist [[jihad]]s swept across Western Africa. The most notable include [[Usman dan Fodio]]'s [[Fulani Empire]], which replaced the [[Hausa people|Hausa]] city-states, [[Seku Amadu]]'s [[Massina Empire]], which defeated the Bambara, and El Hadj [[Umar Tall]]'s [[Toucouleur Empire]], which briefly conquered much of modern-day Mali.

However, the [[France|French]] and [[United Kingdom|British]] continued to advance in the [[Scramble for Africa]], subjugating kingdom after kingdom. With the fall of [[Samory|Samory Ture's]] new-founded [[Wassoulou Empire]] in 1898 and the [[Ashanti people|Ashanti]] queen [[Yaa Asantewaa]] in 1902, most West African military resistance to colonial rule resulted in failure. Leaving, however, an effect on the development of the states.

Part of the West-African regions underwent an increase in the [[numeracy]] level throughout the 19th century. The reason for such a growth was predetermined by a number of factors. Namely, the [[peanut]] production and trade, which was boosted by the [[demand]] of the [[Colonialism|colonial states]]. Importantly, the rise of the numeracy was higher in the regions which were less [[Hierarchy|hierarchical]] and had less dependent from the [[slavery]] trade (e.g. Sine and Salum). Whereas areas with the opposite trends illustrated opposite tendencies (e.g. central and northern Senegal). Those patterns were further even more stimulated with the French colonial campaign.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Baten |first1=Jörg |title=European Trade, Colonialism and Human Capital Accumulation in Senegal, Gambia and Western Mali, 1770 – 1900 |journal=CESifo Working Papers |date=May 2017}}</ref>

Britain controlled the Gambia, Sierra Leone, Ghana, and Nigeria throughout the colonial era, while France unified Senegal, Guinea, Mali, Burkina Faso, Benin, Ivory Coast, and Niger into [[French West Africa]]. [[Portugal]] founded the colony of [[Guinea-Bissau]], while [[Germany]] claimed [[Togoland]], but was forced to divide it between France and Britain following [[First World War]] due to the [[Treaty of Versailles]]. Only [[Liberia]] retained its independence, at the price of major territorial concessions.

===Postcolonial eras===
{{Further|Decolonisation of Africa|Neocolonialism}}
Following [[World War II]], nationalist movements arose across West Africa. In 1957, Ghana, under [[Kwame Nkrumah]], became the first West African colony to achieve its independence, followed the next year by France's colonies (Guinea in 1958 under the leadership of President Ahmed Sekou Touré); by 1974, West Africa's nations were entirely autonomous.

Since independence, many West African nations have been submerged under political instability, with notable civil wars in Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Ivory Coast, and a succession of military coups in [[History of Ghana|Ghana]] and [[History of Burkina Faso|Burkina Faso]].

Since the end of colonialism, the region has been the stage for some brutal conflicts, including:
* [[Nigerian Civil War]]
* [[First Liberian Civil War]]
* [[Second Liberian Civil War]]
* [[Guinea-Bissau Civil War]]
* [[First Ivorian Civil War|Ivorian Civil War]]
* [[Sierra Leone Civil War|Sierra Leone Rebel War]]
* [[Mali War]]

==States==
The [[Economic Community of West African States]], established in May 1975, has defined the region of West Africa since 1999 as including the following 15 states:<ref name="Paul R. Masson 2001" />

[[File:Map of West AFrica.gif|thumb|right|350px|<div align="center">[[Geopolitical]] [[State (polity)|States]] of West Africa;<br />
{{Col-begin|width=100%}}
{{Col-break}}
* '''[[Benin]]'''
* '''[[Burkina Faso]]'''
* '''[[Cape Verde]]'''
* '''[[Ivory Coast]]'''
* '''[[The Gambia]]'''
{{Col-break}}
* '''[[Ghana]]'''
* '''[[Guinea]]'''
* '''[[Guinea-Bissau]]'''
* '''[[Liberia]]'''
* '''[[Mali]]'''
{{Col-break}}
* '''[[Niger]]'''
* '''[[Nigeria]]'''
* '''[[Senegal]]'''
* '''[[Sierra Leone]]'''
* '''[[Togo]]'''

{{Col-break}}
{{Col-end}}
</div>
]]
{{clear left}}
[[Geopolitically]], the [[United Nations]] [[subregion|definition]] of Western Africa includes the preceding states with the addition of [[Mauritania]] (which withdrew from ECOWAS in 1999), comprising an area of approximately 6.1 million square km.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.un.org/unowa/unowa/bckgrdnew.pdf|title=''The UN office for West Africa''}}</ref> The UN region also includes the [[United Kingdom Overseas Territories|United Kingdom Overseas Territory]] of [[Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]] in the south [[Atlantic Ocean]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Overseas countries and territories environmental profile|url=https://europa.eu/capacity4dev/file/51840/download?token=zA-0ErQt.|last=Pearse and Berends|first=Jonathan and Helena|date=2017|website=European Commission}}</ref>
{{clear left}}

===Area===
In the [[United Nations]] [[United Nations geoscheme for Africa|scheme of African regions]], the region of Western Africa includes 16 [[Sovereign state|states]] and the [[United Kingdom Overseas Territories|United Kingdom Overseas Territory]] of [[Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]]:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm|title=United Nations Statistics Division – Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications|access-date=17 October 2014}}</ref> [[Mali]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Senegal]] and the [[Niger]] are mostly in the [[Sahel]], a transition zone between the [[Sahara Desert|Sahara desert]] and the [[Sudanian Savanna]]; [[Benin]], [[Ivory Coast]], [[The Gambia]], [[Ghana]], [[Guinea]], [[Guinea-Bissau]], [[Liberia]], [[Sierra Leone]], [[Togo]] and [[Nigeria]] compose most of [[Guinea (region)|Guinea]], the traditional name for the area near the [[Gulf of Guinea]]; [[Mauritania]] lies in the [[Maghreb]], the northwestern region of Africa that has historically been inhabited by West African groups such as the [[Fulani]], [[Soninke people|Soninke]], [[Wolof people|Wolof]], [[Serer people|Serer]] and [[Toucouleur people]],<ref>Polski Instytut Spraw Międzynarodowych, ''Studies on the Developing Countries, Issues 6–8'', [[Polish Institute of International Affairs]] (1988), p. 53</ref> along with [[Arab-Berber]] [[Maghrebis|Maghrebi people]] such as the [[Tuareg]]; [[Cape Verde]] is an island country in the [[Atlantic Ocean]]; and [[Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]] consists of eight main islands located in four different parts of the Atlantic. Due to Mauritania's increasingly close ties to the [[Arab World]] and its 1999 withdrawal from the [[Economic Community of West African States]] (ECOWAS), in modern times it is often considered, especially in Africa, as now part of western [[North Africa]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uneca.org/sro-na|title=Office for North Africa of the Economic Commission for Africa|work=United Nations Economic Commission for Africa|access-date=17 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unhcr.org/pages/49e486026.html|title=2014 UNHCR country operations profile – Mauritania|access-date=17 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.afdb.org/en/countries/north-africa/mauritania/|title=African Development Bank Group: Mauritania|access-date=17 October 2014}}</ref><ref>Facts On File, Incorporated, ''Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East'' (2009), p. 448, {{ISBN|143812676X}}: "The Islamic Republic of Mauritania, situated in western North Africa..."</ref><ref>David Seddon, ''A Political and Economic Dictionary of the Middle East'' (2004), {{ISBN|020340291X}}: "We have, by contrast, chosen to include the predominantly Arabic-speaking countries of western North Africa (the Maghreb), including Mauritania (which is a member of the Arab Maghreb Union)..."</ref><ref>Mohamed Branine, Managing Across Cultures: Concepts, Policies and Practices (2011), p. 437, {{ISBN|1849207291}}: "The Magrebian countries or the Arab countries of western North Africa (Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco and Tunisia)..."</ref>

===List of countries===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Region !! Country
|-
| rowspan="18" | Western Africa
|-
| {{flag|Benin}}
|-
| {{flag|Burkina Faso}}
|-
| {{flag|Cabo Verde}} ([[Cape Verde]])
|-
| {{flag|Côte d'Ivoire}} ([[Ivory Coast]])
|-
| {{flag|The Gambia}}
|-
| {{flag|Ghana}}
|-
| {{flag|Guinea}}
|-
| {{flag|Guinea-Bissau}}
|-
| {{flag|Liberia}}
|-
| {{flag|Mali}}
|-
| {{flag|Mauritania}}
|-
| {{flag|Niger}}
|-
| {{flag|Nigeria}}
|-
| [[Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]] ([[United Kingdom Overseas Territories|United Kingdom Overseas Territory]])
|-
| {{flag|Senegal}}
|-
| {{flag|Sierra Leone}}
|-
| {{flag|Togo}}
|-
|}

== Cities ==

Major cities in West Africa include:
* [[Abidjan]], [[Ivory Coast]]
* [[Accra]], [[Ghana]]
* [[Bamako]], [[Mali]]
* [[Port Harcourt]], [[Nigeria]]
* [[Banjul]], [[The Gambia]]
* [[Conakry]], [[Guinea]]
* [[Cotonou]], [[Benin]]
* [[Dakar]], [[Senegal]]
* [[Freetown]], [[Sierra Leone]]
* [[Kumasi]], [[Ghana]]
* [[Lagos (Nigeria)|Lagos]], [[Nigeria]]
* [[Lomé]], [[Togo]]
* [[Calabar]], [[Nigeria]]
* [[Ouagadougou]], [[Burkina Faso]]
* [[Monrovia]], [[Liberia]]
* [[Abuja]], [[Nigeria]]
* [[Cape Coast]], [[Ghana]]
* [[Timbuktu]], [[Mali]]

==Environment==
===Nature===
[[File:Rhinoceros blanc- réserve de Bandia - panoramio.jpg|thumb|right|250px|A [[rhinoceros]] in Bandia Nature Reserve, [[Senegal]]. <br> Credit: Corine REZEL.]]
[[File:Yankari Elephants.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[African bush elephants]] in [[Yankari National Park]], Nigeria]]

Before [[Scramble for Africa|European colonisation]], West African countries such as those from the [[Senegambia|Senegambia region]] (Senegal and the Gambia) used to have a diverse [[wildlife]] including [[lion]]s, [[hippopotamus]], [[elephant]]s, [[antelope]]s, [[leopard]]s etc.<ref>Koslow, Philip, ''Senegambia: Land of the Lion'', Chelsea House Publishers (1997), pp. 11, 35–47, {{ISBN|9780791031353}}.</ref> However, during colonization, the European colonizers such as the French and British killed most of the wildlife particularly the lions, using their body parts as trophies. By the turn of the 20th century, the Senegambia region had lost most of its lion population and other exotic animals due to [[poaching]]. By the 1930s, the Gambian elephant population became extinct. That phenomenon was not only limited to the Senegambia region but affected much of West African as the region lost much of its "natural resources once tied so closely to its cultural identity. Poaching has stolen most of its wildlife." The British issued poaching licenses, and although they would later try to reverse the damage that had been done by attempting to preserve what was left of the local wildlife, but by that time, it was too late.<ref name="New York Times">''[[The New York Times]]'', [https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/30/world/africa/senegal-baobabs-climate-change.html "Across Senegal, the Beloved Baobab Tree Is the 'Pride of the Neighborhood{{'"}}], by Dionne Searcey (Sept. 30, 2018) (Retrieved 1 April 2019)</ref><ref name="Somerville">Somerville, Keith, ''Ivory: Power and Poaching in Africa'', [[Oxford University Press]] (2016), p. 84-85 {{ISBN|9781849046763}} [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=D2sjDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA85#v=onepage&q&f=false] (Retrieved 1 April 2019)</ref> During the 1930s, the elephant population in the [[Gold Coast (region)|Gold Coast]] was about 300, and Sierra Leona between 500 and 600. Although a small number of elephants survived in Nigeria, hunting, [[agricultural expansion]] and [[Deforestation in Nigeria|clearing of forest in that country]] drastically affected its wildlife population, particularly elephants.<ref name="Somerville"/>

Despite the historical damage that has been done to the region's wildlife populations, there are still some protected nature reserves within the region. Some of these include:

* The Bandia Nature Reserve in Senegal (French: ''Réserve de Bandia''), animal life includes: [[giraffes]], [[zebras]], [[rhinos]], a variety of antelopes, [[African buffalo|buffaloes]], [[monkeys]], [[crocodiles]], [[tortoises]]. apes and a variety of exotic birds.<ref>Bandia Nature Reserve is sometimes called ''Bandia park reserve'', [[Lonely Planet]], ''Half-Day Somone Lagoon and Bandia Park Safari from Dakar'', [https://www.lonelyplanet.com/senegal/dakar/activities/half-day-somone-lagoon-and-bandia-park-safari-from-dakar/a/pa-act/v-28135P1/355589] (Retrieved 1 April 2019)</ref>
* The [[Yankari National Park]] in Nigeria, animal life includes: the [[African bush elephant]], [[olive baboon]], [[patas monkey]], [[Tantalus monkey]], [[roan antelope]], [[Hartebeest|western hartebeest]], [[West African lion]], [[African buffalo]], [[waterbuck]], [[bushbuck]] and [[hippopotamus]].<ref>Lonely Plane, ''Yankari National Park''[https://www.lonelyplanet.com/nigeria/northern-nigeria/yankari-national-park] (Retrieved 1 April 2019)</ref>
#The [[Ankasa Conservation Area]] in Ghana, animal life includes: the elephant, [[bongo (antelope)|bongo]], leopard, [[Common chimpanzee|chimpanzee]], [[Diana Monkey|Diana monkey]], and other primates.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Tilahun|first1=Mesfin|last2=Damnyag|first2=Lawrence|last3=Anglaaere|first3=Luke C.N.|title=The Ankasa Forest Conservation Area of Ghana: Ecosystem service values and on-site REDD + opportunity cost|journal=Forest Policy and Economics|volume=73|pages=168–176|doi=10.1016/j.forpol.2016.08.011|year=2016}}</ref>
* The [[Mole National Park]] is Ghana's biggest wildlife refuge. It is home to over 83 mammal species including about 800 resident elephants, buffalo, hippos, and warthogs<ref>{{Cite book|last=Riley|first=Laura|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59347952|title=Nature's strongholds : the world's great wildlife reserves|date=2005|publisher=Princeton University Press|others=William Riley|isbn=0-691-12219-9|location=Princeton, N.J.|oclc=59347952}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Brodowsky|first=Pamela K.|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/233549707|title=Destination wildlife : an international site-by-site guide to the best places to experience endangered, rare, and fascinating animals and their habitats|date=2009|publisher=Penguin|others=National Wildlife Federation|isbn=978-0-399-53486-7|location=New York|oclc=233549707}}</ref> as well as various fauna and flora.

West Africa is also home to several baobab trees and other [[plant life]]. Some baobab trees are several centuries old and form part of the local folklore, for example, a mythical baobab tree named ''Ngoye njuli'' in Senegal which is regarded as a sacred site by the [[Serer people|Serer]]. The tree itself is rather majestic and looks like a huge [[phallus]] and a deformed animal or thing is protruding from it. It is said to be the dwelling place of a [[pangool]]. Ngoye njuli is protected by the Senegalese authorities and attracts visitors. In West Africa, as in other parts of Africa where the baobab tree is found, the leaves are mixed with couscous and eaten, the bark of the tree is used to make ropes, and the fruit and seeds used for drinks and oils.<ref name="New York Times"/><ref>Martin, Victor; Becker, Charles; ''Lieux de culte et emplacements célèbres dans les pays sereer'' (Sénégal), 1 Publié dans le Bulletin de l’Institut Fondamental d’Afrique Noire, Tome 41, Série B, n° 1, janvier 1979, p. 133-189 [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Charles_Becker5/publication/267427190_Lieux_de_culte_et_emplacements_celebres_dans_les_pays_sereer_Senegal/links/56e2b1f608aede744299046f.pdf]</ref><ref name="SRC">{{Cite web|url=https://www.seereer.org/|title=The Seereer Resource Centre (SRC)|website=The Seereer Resource Centre (SRC)}}</ref>
[[File:Deforestation in Nigeria (3509228297).jpg|thumb|200px|[[Deforestation in Nigeria]].]]

===Deforestation===

{{Further|Deforestation in Nigeria}}
West Africa is greatly affected by [[deforestation]], and has one of worst deforestation rate.<ref name="ThoughtCo"/> Even "the beloved baobab tree" which is viewed as sacred by some West African cultures are under threat due to [[climate change]], [[urbanization]] and population growth. "Huge swaths of forest are being razed to clear space for palm oil and cocoa plantations. Mangroves are being killed off by pollution. Even wispy [[acacia]]s are hacked away for use in cooking fires to feed growing families."<ref name="New York Times"/> Nigeria, Liberia, Guinea, Ghana and the Ivory Coast, have lost large areas of their [[rainforest]].<ref>Deforestation by Country & Region ("Country Forest Data [sorted by region]") [in] [https://data.mongabay.com/deforestation_rate_tables.htm Mongabay.com] (Retrieved 2 April 2019)
</ref><ref>''Rainforest Destruction'' [in] rainforestweb.org. Archived by [[Wayback Machine]] — [https://web.archive.org/web/20090205200836/http://rainforestweb.org/Rainforest_Destruction/] (Retrieved 2 April 2019)</ref> In 2005, the [[Food and Agriculture Organization]] of the United Nations ranked [[Deforestation in Nigeria|Nigeria as the state with the worst deforestation rate]] in the entire world. Causes include logging, [[subsistence agriculture]], and the collection of fuelwood.<ref>[[Mongabay|Mongabay News]], ''Nigeria has worst deforestation rate, FAO revises figures'' (17 November 2005) by Rhett A. Butler, [http://news.mongabay.com/2005/1117-forests.html] (Retrieved 2 April 2019)</ref>

According to a [[ThoughtCo]] publication authored Steve Nix (2018), almost 90 percent of West Africa's original rainforest has been destroyed, and the rest "heavily fragmented and in a degraded state, being poorly used."<ref name="ThoughtCo">[[ThoughtCo]], ''The Territory and Current Status of the African Rainforest'' by Steve Nix (November 04, 2018) [https://www.thoughtco.com/african-rainforest-1341794] (Retrieved 2 April 2019)</ref>

=== Overfishing ===
[[Overfishing]] is a major issue in West Africa. Besides reducing fish stocks in the region, it also threatens [[food security]] and the livelihoods of many coastal communities who largely depend on [[artisanal fishing]]. The overfishing generally comes from [[Trawling|foreign trawlers]] operating in the region.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.un.org/africarenewal/magazine/may-july-2017/overfishing-destroying-livelihoods|title=Overfishing destroying livelihoods | Africa Renewal|website=www.un.org|date=12 May 2017}}</ref>

To combat the overfishing, Greenpeace has recommended countries reduce the number of registered trawlers operating in African waters, increase the monitoring and control and set up regional fisheries organizations. Some steps have already been taken in the form of [[WARFP]] (the World Bank's West Africa Regional Fisheries Program which empowers west-African countries (i.e. Liberia, Sierra Leone, Cape Verde, and Senegal) with information, training and monitoring systems. Furthermore, Liberia enacted a fisheries regulations Act in 2010 and installed a satellite-based monitoring system and Senegal enacted a fisheries code in 2015. In Cape Verde, the fishermen communities of Palmiera and Santa Maria have organized themselves to protect fishing zones. Mozambique finally created a [[Conservation biology|conservation]] area, including a coastline.
<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nepadwatercoe.org/cape-verde-greenpeace-raises-awareness-on-the-state-of-fisheries-in-west-africa/|title=Cape Verde: Greenpeace Raises Awareness on the State Of Fisheries in West Africa}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iucn.org/news/secretariat/201701/overfishing-threatens-food-security-africa%E2%80%99s-western-and-central-coast-many-fish-species-region-face-extinction-%E2%80%93-iucn-report|title=Overfishing threatens food security off Africa's western and central coast as many fish species in the region face extinction – IUCN report|date=January 19, 2017|website=IUCN}}</ref>

===Geography and climate===
West Africa, broadly defined to include the western portion of the [[Maghreb]] ([[Western Sahara]], [[Morocco]], [[Algeria]], and [[Tunisia]]), occupies an area in excess of 6,140,000 km<sup>2</sup>, or approximately one-fifth of Africa. The vast majority of this land is plains lying less than 300 meters above sea level, though isolated high points exist in numerous states along the southern shore of West Africa.<ref name=autogenerated1 />


{|style="background-color:darkgray; color:black; border:thin solid black;" height="230" align="center" valign="bottom" cellpadding=10px cellspacing=0px


|||'''''Western [[Afrotropical realm]]'''''


|-align="center"


|
{|
|-style="text-align:left;text-decoration:none;width:220px;" valign="middle"
|
[[Geography of Benin|Benin]]<br/>
[[Geography of Burkina Faso|Burkina Faso]]<br/>
[[Geography of The Gambia|The Gambia]]<br/>
[[Geography of Ghana|Ghana]]<br/>
[[Geography of Guinea-Bissau|Guinea-Bissau]]<br/>
[[Geography of Guinea|Guinea]]<br/>
[[Geography of Ivory Coast|Ivory Coast]]<br/>
[[Geography of Liberia|Liberia]]<br/>
[[Geography of Mali|Mali]]<br/>
[[Geography of Mauritania|Mauritania]]<br/>
[[Geography of Nigeria|Nigeria]]<br/>
[[Geography of Niger|Niger]]<br/>
[[Geography of Senegal|Senegal]]<br/>
[[Geography of Sierra Leone|Sierra Leone]]<br/>
[[Geography of Togo|Togo]]<br/>
|}
|[[File:Afrotropic-Ecozone-West Tropical Africa.svg|300px|none]]
|[[File:Afrotropic-West Tropical Africa.svg|300x430px|none]]

|-align="center" valign="top"


|width="200"|'''State'''
|width="100"|'''The biostate'''
|width="100"|'''Location in Afrotropic'''
|}
[[File:West Africa may 8 2001 1200Z.jpg|thumb|right|upright=2.25|<center>[[Satellite imagery]] from [[outer space]] of West Africa</center>]]

The northern section of West Africa (narrowly defined to exclude the western Maghreb) is composed of semi-arid terrain known as [[Sahel]], a transitional zone between the Sahara and the [[West Sudanian savanna]]. [[Forest]]s form a belt between the savannas and the southern coast, ranging from 160 km to 240 km in width.<ref>Peter Speth. ''Impacts of Global Change on the Hydrological Cycle in West and Northwest Africa'', p. 33. Springer, 2010. Prof. Kayode Omitoogun 2011, {{ISBN|3-642-12956-0}}</ref>

The northwest African region of [[Mauritania]] periodically suffers country-wide plagues of [[locust]]s which consume water, salt and crops on which the human population relies.<ref>''National Geographic'', February 2013, p. 8.</ref>

====Background====
West Africa is west of an imagined north–south axis lying close to [[10th meridian east|10° east longitude]].<ref name=autogenerated1>Peter Speth. ''Impacts of Global Change on the Hydrological Cycle in West and Northwest Africa'', p. 33. Springer, 2010. {{ISBN|3-642-12956-0}}</ref> The Atlantic Ocean forms the western as well as the southern borders of the West African region.<ref name=autogenerated1 /> The northern border is the [[Sahara Desert]], with the Ranishanu Bend generally considered the northernmost part of the region.<ref>Anthony Ham. ''West Africa'', p. 79. Lonely Planet, 2009. {{ISBN|1-74104-821-4}}</ref> The eastern border is less precise, with some placing it at the [[Benue Trough]], and others on a line running from [[Mount Cameroon]] to [[Lake Chad]].

Colonial boundaries are reflected in the modern boundaries between contemporary West African states, cutting across ethnic and cultural lines, often dividing single ethnic groups between two or more states.<ref>Celestine Oyom Bassey, Oshita Oshita. ''Governance and Border Security in Africa'', p. 261. African Books Collective, 2010. {{ISBN|978-8422-07-1}}</ref>

In contrast to most of Central, Southern, and Southeast Africa, West Africa is not populated by [[Bantu languages|Bantu]]-speaking peoples.<ref>Ian Shaw, Robert Jameson. ''A Dictionary of Archaeology'', p. 28. Wiley-Blackwell, 2002. {{ISBN|0-631-23583-3}}</ref>

=== Climate change ===
{{Excerpt|Climate change in Africa|West Africa and the Sahel}}

==Transport==

===Rail transport===
{{Main|ECOWAS rail}}
[[File:Railways in westafrica 2022.jpg|center|thumb|700x700px|Railway systems in West Africa, 2022]]
A Trans-ECOWAS project, established in 2007, plans to upgrade railways in this zone. One of the goals of the [[Economic Community of West African States]] (ECOWAS) is the development of an integrated [[railroad]] network.<ref name="Proposed Ecowas railway"/> Aims include the extension of railways in member countries, the interconnection of previously isolated railways and the standardization of gauge, brakes, couplings, and other parameters. The first line would connect the cities and ports of [[Lagos]], [[Cotonou]], [[Lomé]] and [[Accra]] and would allow the largest container ships to focus on a smaller number of large ports, while efficiently serving a larger [[hinterland]]. This line connects {{RailGauge|3ft6in|lk=on}} gauge and {{RailGauge|1000mm|allk=on}} systems, which would require four rail [[dual gauge]], which can also provide [[standard gauge]].<ref name="Proposed Ecowas railway">[http://www.railwaysafrica.com/2009/10/proposed-ecowas-railway/ "Proposed Ecowas railway"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091024131043/http://www.railwaysafrica.com/2009/10/proposed-ecowas-railway/ |date=2009-10-24 }}. ''railwaysafrica.com''.</ref>
[[File:Railways in westafrica 2030b.jpg|center|thumb|700x700px|Railway systems in West Africa 2030, projection]]

===Road transport===
{{Main|Trans–West African Coastal Highway}}
[[File:Dakar-Lagos Highway Map.PNG|450px|right]]
The ''Trans–West African Coastal Highway'' is a transnational [[highway]] project to link 12 West African coastal states, from [[Mauritania]] in the north-west of the region to [[Nigeria]] in the east, with feeder roads already existing to two landlocked countries, [[Mali]] and [[Burkina Faso]].<ref name="NEPAD">[https://www.un.org/ecosocdev/geninfo/afrec/vol20no3/203-highways.html Itai Madamombe (2006): "NEPAD promotes better transport networks"], ''Africa Renewal'', Vol. 20, No. 3 (October 2006), p. 14.</ref>

The eastern end of the highway terminates at [[Lagos]], [[Nigeria]]. [[Economic Community of West African States]] (ECOWAS) consider its western end to be [[Nouakchott]], [[Mauritania]], or to be [[Dakar]], [[Senegal]], giving rise to these alternative names for the road:
* Nouakchott–Lagos Highway
* Lagos–Nouakchott Highway
* Dakar–Lagos Highway
* Lagos–Dakar Highway
* Trans-African Highway 7 in the [[Trans-African Highway]] network

===Air transport===
The capitals' airports include:
*[[Cadjehoun Airport]] (COO) International; Cotonou, Benin
*[[Ouagadougou Airport]] (OUA); Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
*[[Amílcar Cabral International Airport]] (SID); Praia, Cape Verde
*[[Banjul International Airport]] (BJL) International; Banjul, Gambia
*[[Kotoka International Airport]] (ACC); Accra; Ghana
*[[Conakry International Airport]] (CKY); Conakry, Guinea
*[[Osvaldo Vieira International Airport]] (OXB); Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
*[[Port Bouet Airport]] (ABJ); Abidjan, Ivory Coast
*[[Roberts International Airport]] (ROB); Monrovia, Liberia
*[[Bamako–Sénou International Airport]] (BKO); Bamako, Mali
*[[Diori Hamani International Airport]] (NIM); Niamey, Niger
*[[Murtala Muhammed International Airport]] (LOS); Lagos, Nigeria
*[[Saint Helena Airport]]; Jamestown, Saint Helena
*[[Blaise Diagne International Airport]] (DSS); Dakar, Senegal
*[[Lungi International Airport]] (FNA); Freetown, Sierra Leone
*[[Lomé–Tokoin Airport]] (LFW); Lomé, Togo

Of the sixteen, the most important hub and entry point to West Africa are [[Kotoka International Airport]], and [[Murtala Muhammed International Airport]], offering many international connections.

==Health==
{{Main|History of West Africa#Health}}
Mental health problems are on the rise in West Africa, as they are in many other world regions. However, the subject is largely a taboo, and professional treatment is still rare.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Abi|first1=Samir|title=Metaphysical explanations|url=https://www.dandc.eu/en/article/west-africa-traditional-or-religious-practices-are-often-preferred-method-treating-mental|website=D+C, Development and Cooperation}}</ref>

==Culture==
Despite the wide variety of cultures in West Africa, from [[Nigeria]] through to [[Senegal]], there are general similarities in [[Boubou (clothing)|dress]], [[West African cuisine|cuisine]], [[Music of West Africa|music]] and culture that are not shared extensively with groups outside the geographic region. This long history of cultural exchange predates the colonization era of the region and can be approximately placed at the time of the [[Ghana Empire]] (proper: [[Wagadou]] Empire), [[Mali Empire]] or perhaps before these empires.

===Art===
{{Main|African art#West Africa}}

===Traditional architecture===
{{See|Architecture of Africa#West Africa}}
[[File:Airport in Timbuktu.jpg|thumb|right|A street and airport in the famous town of [[Timbuktu]], [[Mali]], showing the Sudano-Sahelian architectural style of the West African interior]]

The main traditional styles of building (in conjunction with modern styles) are the distinct [[Sudano-Sahelian architecture|Sudano-Sahelian]] style in inland areas, and the coastal forest styles more reminiscent of other sub-Saharan areas. They differ greatly in construction due to the demands made by the variety of climates in the area, from tropical humid forests to arid grasslands and deserts. Despite the architectural differences, buildings perform similar functions, including the [[compound (enclosure)|compound]] structure central to West African family life or strict distinction between the private and public worlds needed to maintain taboos or social etiquette.

===Clothing===
{{See|Folk costume#Western Africa}}
[[File:Philip Emeagwali in white "agbada.".jpg|thumb|left|[[Philip Emeagwali]] wearing the [[Boubou (clothing)|Boubou]] (or ''Agbada''), a traditional robe symbolic of West Africa]]
In contrast to other parts of the continent south of the [[Sahara Desert]], the concepts of [[hem]]ming and [[embroidered|embroidering]] clothing have been traditionally common to West Africa for centuries, demonstrated by the production of various [[breeches]], [[shirts]], [[tunic]]s and [[jackets]]. As a result, the peoples of the region's diverse nations wear a wide variety of clothing with underlying similarities. Typical pieces of west African formal attire include the knee-to-ankle-length, flowing [[Boubou (clothing)|Boubou]] robe, [[Dashiki]], and [[Senegalese]] [[Kaftan]] (also known as ''Agbada'' and ''Babariga''), which has its origins in the clothing of nobility of various West African empires in the 12th century. Traditional half-sleeved, hip-long, woven smocks or tunics (known as ''fugu'' in Gurunsi, ''riga'' in Hausa) – worn over a pair of baggy trousers—is another popular garment.<ref>Barbara K. Nordquist, Susan B. Aradeon, Howard University. School of Human Ecology, Museum of African Art (U.S.). ''Traditional African dress and textiles: an exhibition of the Susan B. Aradeon collection of West African dress at the Museum of African Art'' (1975), pp. 9–15.</ref> In the coastal regions stretching from southern Ivory Coast to Benin, a huge rectangular cloth is wrapped under one arm, draped over a shoulder, and held in one of the wearer's hands—coincidentally, reminiscent of [[Ancient Rome|Romans]]' [[toga]]s. The best-known of these toga-like garments is the [[Kente]] (made by the [[Akan people]] of [[Ghana]] and [[Ivory Coast]]), who wear them as a gesture of national pride.

===Cuisine===
{{Main|West African cuisine}}
{{See|History of West Africa#Cuisine|African cuisine#West Africa|List of African cuisines#West African cuisine}}
[[File:Jollof rice.jpg|thumb|right|[[Jollof rice]] or ''Benachin'', one of many Pan–West African dishes found only in West Africa]]

Scores of foreign visitors to West African nations (e.g., [[merchant|traders]], [[historians]], [[emigrant]]s, colonists, missionaries) have benefited from its citizens' generosity, and even left with a piece of its cultural heritage, via its foods. West African cuisines have had a significant influence on those of [[Western civilization]] for centuries; several dishes of West African origin are currently enjoyed in the [[Caribbean]] (e.g., the [[West Indies]] and [[Haiti]]); Australia; the USA (particularly [[Louisiana]], [[Virginia]], [[North Carolina|North]] and [[South Carolina]]); Italy; and other countries. Although some of these recipes have been altered to suit the sensibilities of their adopters, they retain a distinct West African essence.<ref>Chidi Asika-Enahoro. ''A Slice of Africa: Exotic West African Cuisines'', Introduction. iUniverse, 2004. {{ISBN|0-595-30528-8}}.</ref>

West Africans cuisines include fish (especially among the coastal areas), meat, vegetables, and fruits—most of which are grown by the nations' local farmers. In spite of the obvious differences among the various local cuisines in this multinational region, the foods display more similarities than differences. The small difference may be in the ingredients used. Most foods are cooked via boiling or frying. Commonly featured, starchy vegetables include [[Yam (vegetable)|yam]]s, [[Plantain (cooking)|plantain]]s, [[cassava]], and sweet potatoes.<ref>Pamela Goyan Kittler, Kathryn Sucher. ''Food and Culture'', p. 212. Cengage Learning, 2007. {{ISBN|0-495-11541-X}}.</ref> Rice is also a staple food, as is the [[Serer people]]'s [[sorghum]] [[couscous]] (called {{-"}}''Chereh''{{-"}} in [[Serer language|Serer]]) particularly in Senegal and [[the Gambia]].<ref>[[UNESCO]]. The Case for indigenous West African food culture, p. 4. BREDA series, Vol. 9 (1995), [http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0010/001055/105546E.pdf (UNESCO)].</ref> [[Jollof rice]]—originally from the [[Kingdom of Jolof]] (now part of modern-day Senegal) but has spread to the Wolofs of Gambia—is also enjoyed in many Western nations, as well;<ref>Alan Davidson, Tom Jaine. ''The Oxford Companion to Food'', p. 423. Oxford University Press, 2006. {{ISBN|0-19-280681-5}}.</ref> [[Maafe|Mafé]] (proper: {{-"}}''Tigh-dege-na{{-"}}'' or ''Domodah'') from [[Mali]] (via the [[Bambara people|Bambara]] and [[Mandinka people|Mandinka]])<ref>''Mafé'' or ''Maafe'' is a Wolof word for it, the proper name is ''"Domodah"'' among the [[Mandinka people]] of [[Senegal]] and [[Gambia]], who are the originators of this dish, or {{-"}}''Tigh-dege-na''{{-"}} among the [[Bambara people]] or Mandinka people of [[Mali]]. "Domodah" is also used by all [[Senegambians]] borrowed from the [[Mandinka language]].</ref>—a peanut-butter stew served with rice;<ref>James McCann. ''Stirring the Pot: A History of African Cuisine'', p. 132. Ohio University Press, 2009. {{ISBN|0-89680-272-8}}.</ref><ref>Emma Gregg, Richard Trillo. ''Rough Guide to The Gambia'', p. 39. Rough Guides, 2003. {{ISBN|1-84353-083-X}}.</ref> [[Akara]] (fried bean balls seasoned with spices served with sauce and bread) from Nigeria is a favorite breakfast for Gambians and Senegalese, as well as a favorite side snack or side dish in [[Brazil]] and the [[Caribbean]] just as it is in West Africa. It is said that its exact origin may be from [[Yorubaland]] in Nigeria.<ref>[[Carole Boyce Davies]] (ed.), ''Encyclopedia of the African Diaspora: Origins, Experiences and Culture'', Volume 1, p. 72. ABC-CLIO, 2008. {{ISBN|1-85109-700-7}}.</ref><ref>Toyin Ayeni. ''I Am a Nigerian, Not a Terrorist'', p. 2. Dog Ear Publishing, 2010. {{ISBN|1-60844-735-9}}.</ref> [[Fufu]] (from the [[Twi language]], a dough served with a spicy stew or sauce for example [[okra]] stew etc.) from [[Ghana]] is enjoyed throughout the region and beyond even in [[Central Africa]] with their own versions of it.<ref>Dayle Hayes, Rachel Laudan. ''Food and Nutrition''. Dayle Hayes, Rachel Laudan, editorial advisers. Volume 7, p. 1097. Marshall Cavendish, 2008. {{ISBN|0-7614-7827-2}}.</ref> Dishes such as [[taguella]], [[eghajira]], etc. are popular among the [[Tuareg people]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Customs & Cuisine of Niger {{!}} Amman Imman {{!}} Dining for Women|url=https://diningforwomen.org/customsandcuisine/customs-cuisine-of-niger-amman-imman/|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-29}}</ref>

===Recreation and sports===
{{See also|West Africa cricket team}}
[[File:Supportairemimos.jpg|right|Supporters of [[ASEC Mimosas]]|thumb]]
The board game [[oware]] is quite popular in many parts of Southern Africa. The word ''"Oware"'' originates from the [[Akan people]] of Ghana. However, virtually all African peoples have a version of this board game.<ref>''West Africa'', issues 4106–4119, pp. 1487–8. Afrimedia International, (1996)</ref> The major [[multi-sport event]] of West Africa is the ECOWAS Games which commenced at the [[2012 ECOWAS Games]].

[[Association football|Football]] is also a pastime enjoyed by many, either spectating or playing. The major national teams of West Africa, the [[Ghana national football team]], the [[Ivory Coast national football team]], and the [[Nigeria national football team]] regularly win the [[Africa Cup of Nations]].<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/piersedwards/2010/11/why_does_the_west_dominate_afr.html "Why does the West dominate African football?"] BBC.</ref> Major [[football team]]s of West Africa are [[Asante Kotoko SC]] and [[Accra Hearts of Oak SC]] of the [[Ghana Premier League]], [[Enyimba International F.C.|Enyimba International]] of the [[Nigerian Premier League]] and [[ASEC Mimosas]] of the [[Ligue 1 (Ivory Coast)]]. The [[association football|football]] governing body of West Africa is the [[West African Football Union]] (WAFU) and the major tournament is the [[West African Club Championship]] and [[WAFU Nations Cup]], along with the annual individual award of [[West African Footballer of the Year]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/africa/7642679.stm|title=Wafu Cup to make a comeback |date=29 September 2008|work=BBC Sport|access-date=15 July 2015}}</ref><ref name="WAFU split-2">{{cite web |url=http://www.goal.com/en/news/89/africa/2011/05/17/2490472/caf-have-split-the-west-african-football-union-into-two-separate- |title=Caf have split the West African Football Union into two separate zones |work=Goal.com |publisher=Goal.com |date=17 May 2011 |access-date=15 July 2014}}</ref>

===Music===
{{Main|Music of West Africa}}
{{See|Music of Africa#West, Central, Southeast and South Africa|Sub-Saharan African music traditions#West Africa}}
[[File:TalkingDrum.jpg|thumb|left|The [[talking drum]] is an instrument unique to West Africa.]]
[[Mbalax]], [[Highlife]], [[Fuji music|Fuji]], [[Afrobeat]], and [[Afrobeats]] are modern musical genres of West Africa and its diaspora.
Traditional [[folk music]] is also well-preserved. Some types of folk music are religious in nature such as the "Tassou" tradition used in [[Serer religion]].<ref>Ali Colleen Neff, ''Tassou: the Ancient Spoken Word of African Women''. 2010.</ref>

====Griot artists====
[[File:Bijoutier et joueurs de kora.jpg|thumb|Kora-playing [[griots]] in [[Senegal]], 1900. Both the [[Kora (instrument)|Kora]], a 21-stringed harp-lute, and the griot musical-caste are unique to West Africa.]]

[[Griot]] artists and praise-singing is an important musical tradition related to the oral history of West African culture. Traditionally, musical and oral history as conveyed over generations by griots are typical of West African culture in [[Mandé peoples|Mande]], [[Wolof people|Wolof]], [[Songhai people|Songhay]], [[Serer people|Serer]] and, to some extent, [[Fula people|Fula]] areas in the far west. A hereditary caste occupying the fringes of society, the griots were charged with memorizing the histories of local rulers and personages and the caste was further broken down into music-playing griots (similar to [[bard]]s) and non-music playing griots. Like Praise-singers, the griot's main profession was musical acquisition and prowess, and patrons were the sole means of financial support. Modern griots enjoy higher status in the patronage of rich individuals in places such as [[Mali]], [[Senegal]], [[Mauritania]] and [[Guinea]], and to some extent make up the vast majority of musicians in these countries. Examples of modern popular griot artists include [[Salif Keita]], [[Youssou N'Dour]], [[Mamadou Diabate]], [[Rokia Traore]] and [[Toumani Diabate]].

In other areas of West Africa, primarily among the [[Hausa people|Hausa]], [[Mossi people|Mossi]], [[Dagomba people|Dagomba]] and [[Yoruba people|Yoruba]] in the area encompassing [[Burkina Faso]], northern [[Ghana]], [[Nigeria]] and [[Niger]], the traditional profession of non-hereditary praise-singers, [[minstrels]], bards and poets play a vital role in extending the public show of power, lineage and prestige of traditional rulers through their exclusive patronage. Like the griot tradition, praise singers are charged with knowing the details of specific historical events and royal lineages, but more importantly need to be capable of poetic improvisation and creativity, with knowledge of traditional songs directed towards showing a patron's financial and political or religious power. Competition between Praise-singing ensembles and artistes are high, and artists responsible for any extraordinarily skilled prose, musical compositions, and panegyric songs are lavishly rewarded with money, clothing, provisions and other luxuries by patrons who are usually politicians, rulers, Islamic clerics and merchants; these successful praise-singers rise to national stardom. Examples include [[Mamman Shata]], [[Souley Konko]], [[Fati Niger]], [[Saadou Bori]] and [[Dan Maraya]]. In the case of Niger, numerous praise songs are composed and shown on television in praise of local rulers, Islamic clerics, and politicians.

===Theatre===
{{See|History of theatre#West African theatre}}

===Film industry===
{{See|Cinema of Africa#West Africa}}
[[Nollywood]] of Nigeria, is the main film industry of West Africa. The Nigerian cinema industry is the second largest film industry in terms of number of annual film productions, ahead of the [[Cinema of the United States|American film industry]] in [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]].<ref>{{cite web |access-date=30 September 2009 |url=https://www.un.org/apps//news/story.asp?NewsID=30707&Cr=nigeria&Cr1= |title=Nigeria surpasses Hollywood as world's second-largest film producer – UN |publisher=United Nations |date=5 May 2009}}</ref> [[Cinema of Senegal|Senegal]] and [[Cinema of Ghana|Ghana]] also have long traditions of producing films. The late [[Ousmane Sembène]], the Senegalese film director, producer and writer is from the region, as is the [[Ghanaian]] [[Shirley Frimpong-Manso]].

==Religion==
===Islam===
{{Further|Islam in Africa|Religion in Africa#Islam}}
[[File:Djenné Moschee.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.25|The 13th-century [[Great Mosque of Djenné]] is a superb example of the indigenous [[Sahelian architecture|Sahelian architectural]] style prevalent in the Savannah and Sahelian interior of West Africa. It is listed an [[UNESCO World Heritage Site]].]]
[[Islam]] is the predominant [[religion]] of the West African interior and the far west coast of the continent (60% of West Africans); and was introduced to the region by traders in the 9th century. Islam is the religion of the region's biggest ethnic groups by population. Islamic rules on livelihood, values, dress and practices had a profound effect on the populations and cultures in their predominant areas, so much so that the concept of tribalism is less observed by Islamized groups like the [[Mandé peoples|Mande]], [[Wolof people|Wolof]], [[Hausa people|Hausa]], [[Fula people|Fula]], [[Songhai people|Songhai]], [[Zarma people|Zarma]] or [[Soninke people|Soninke]], than they are by non-Islamized groups.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/islam/fractured/westAfrica.html|title=The Islamic World to 1600: The Fractured Caliphate and the Regional Dynasties (West Africa)|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131025134820/http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/islam/fractured/westAfrica.html|archive-date=2013-10-25}}</ref> Ethnic intermarriage and shared cultural icons are established through a superseded commonality of belief or community, known as [[ummah]].<ref>''Muslim Societies in African History (New Approaches to African History)'', David Robinson, Chapter 1.</ref> Traditional Muslim areas include [[Senegal]], [[Gambia]], [[Mali]], [[Mauritania]], [[Guinea]], [[Niger]]; the upper coast and inland two-thirds of [[Sierra Leone]] and inland [[Liberia]]; the western, northern and far-eastern regions of [[Burkina Faso]]; and the northern halves of the coastal nations of [[Nigeria]], [[Benin]], [[Togo]], [[Ghana]] and [[Ivory Coast]].<ref>''Spread of Islam in West Africa (part 1 of 3): The Empire of Ghana'', Prof. A. Rahman I. Doi, Spread of Islam in West Africa. http://www.islamreligion.com/articles/304/</ref>

===African traditional===
{{Further|Traditional African religion#West Africa|West African Vodun|Religion in Africa#African Traditional Religion}}
[[File:Voodo-altar.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.7|Voodoo altar with several fetishes in [[Abomey]], Benin]]
[[Traditional African religion]]s (noting the many different belief systems) are the oldest belief systems among the populations of this region, and include [[Akan religion]], [[Yoruba religion]], [[Odinani]]-[[Igbo people|Igbo]], and [[Serer religion]]. They are [[Spirituality|spiritual]] but also linked to the historical and cultural heritage of the people.<ref>John S. Mbiti. ''Introduction to African Religion'', p. 19. East African Publishers, 1992. {{ISBN|9966-46-928-1}}</ref> Although traditional beliefs vary from one place to the next, there are more similarities than differences.<ref>William J. Duiker, Jackson J. Spielvogel. ''World History: To 1800'', p. 224. Cengage Learning, 2006. {{ISBN|0-495-05053-9}}</ref>

===Christianity===
{{Further|Christianity in Africa|Religion in Africa#Christianity}}
In 2010 around 36.5% of Western Africans identified as [[Christians]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Johnson |first1=Todd M. |last2=Zurlo |first2=Gina A. |last3=Hickman |first3=Albert W. |last4=Crossing |first4=Peter F. |title=Christianity 2018: More African Christians and Counting Martyrs |journal=International Bulletin of Mission Research |date=November 2017 |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=20–28 |doi=10.1177/2396939317739833 |s2cid=165905763 |access-date=24 September 2019|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320788300}}</ref> [[Christianity]] was largely introduced from the late 19th century onward, when missionaries from European countries brought the religion to the region.<ref>Robert O. Collins. ''African History: Western African History'', p. 153. Markus Wiener Publishers, 1990. {{ISBN|1-55876-015-6}}</ref> West African Christians are predominantly [[Roman Catholicism|Roman Catholic]] or [[Anglicanism|Anglican]]; some [[Evangelical Christianity|Evangelical]] churches have also been established. Christianity has become the predominant religion in the [[Middle Belt|central]] and southern part of [[Religion in Nigeria|Nigeria]], southern [[Ivory Coast]], and the coastal regions stretching from southern [[Ghana]] to coastal parts of [[Sierra Leone]]. Like Islam, elements of traditional African religion are mixed with Christianity.<ref>Emmanuel Kwaku Akyeampong. ''Themes in West Africa's History'', p. 152. James Currey Publishers, 2006. {{ISBN|0-85255-995-X}}</ref>

==Demographics and languages==
{{see|Demographics of Africa|List of ethnic groups of Africa#West Africa|List of African countries by population|African diaspora|Writing systems of Africa#West Africa}}
[[File:Recent Language Family map.png|thumb]]
West Africans primarily speak [[Niger–Congo languages]], belonging mostly, though not exclusively, to its non-Bantu branches, though some [[Nilo-Saharan]] and [[Afroasiatic languages|Afro-Asiatic]] speaking groups are also found in West Africa. The Niger–Congo-speaking [[Yoruba language|Yoruba]], [[Igbo language|Igbo]], [[Fulani]], [[Akan language|Akan]] and [[Wolof people|Wolof]] ethnic groups are the largest and most influential. The Tiv people found in Nigeria and partly in Cameroun are also among the largest. In the central Sahara, [[Mandinka people|Mandinka]] or [[Mandé peoples|Mande]] groups are most significant. Chadic-speaking groups, including the [[Hausa people|Hausa]], are found in more northerly parts of the region nearest to the Sahara, and Nilo-Saharan communities, such as the [[Songhai people|Songhai]], [[Kanuri people|Kanuri]] and [[Zarma people|Zarma]], are found in the eastern parts of West Africa bordering [[Central Africa]]. The population of West Africa is estimated at {{#expr:{{replace|{{UN_Population|Western Africa}}|,||}}/1e6 round 0}} million{{UN_Population|ref}} people as of {{UN_Population|Year}}. In [[Mali]], [[Niger]], and [[Burkina Faso]], the nomadic [[Tuareg]] speak the [[Tuareg language]], a Berber language.

Colonial languages also play a pivotal cultural and political role, being adopted as the official languages of most countries in the region, as well as ''linguae franca'' in communication between the region's various ethnic groups. For historical reasons, Western European languages such as [[French language|French]], [[English language|English]] and [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] predominate in Southern and Coastal subregions, whilst [[Arabic language|Arabic]] (in its [[Maghrebi Arabic|Maghrebi]] varieties) spreads inland northwards.

==Science and technology==
''Further information in the sections of [[History of science and technology in Africa]]:''
* [[History of science and technology in Africa#West Africa and the Sahel|Education]]
* [[History of science and technology in Africa#West Africa and the Sahel 2|Astronomy]]
* [[History of science and technology in Africa#West Africa and the Sahel 3|Mathematics]]
* [[History of science and technology in Africa#West Africa|Metallurgy]]
* [[History of science and technology in Africa#West Africa and the Sahel 4|Medicine]]
* [[History of science and technology in Africa#West Africa and the Sahel 5|Agriculture]]
* [[History of science and technology in Africa#West Africa and the Sahel 6|Textiles]]
* [[History of science and technology in Africa#West Africa and the Sahel 7|Maritime technology]]
* [[History of science and technology in Africa#West Africa 2|Architecture]]
* [[History of science and technology in Africa#West Africa 3|Communication systems]]
* [[History of science and technology in Africa#West Africa 4|Warfare]]
* [[History of science and technology in Africa#West Africa and the Sahel 8|Commerce]]
* [[History of science and technology in Africa#West Africa 5|By country]]

==Economic and regional organizations==
[[File:Petroleum regions - West Africa map-fr.svg|thumb|upright=1.4|left|Map of [[petroleum]] and [[natural gas]] within West Africa]]

=== Economic Community of West Africa ===
{{Excerpt|Economic Community of West African States}}

=== West African Monetary Union ===
The [[West African Monetary Union]] (or UEMOA from its name in French, ''Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine'') is limited to the eight, mostly Francophone countries that employ the [[CFA franc]] as their common currency. The [[Liptako-Gourma Authority]] of Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso seeks to jointly develop the contiguous areas of the three countries.

===Women's peace movement===
Since the adoption of the [[United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325]] in 2000, women have been engaged in rebuilding war-torn Africa. Starting with the [[Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace]] and Women in Peacebuilding Network (WIPNET), the [[peace movement]] has grown to include women across West Africa.

Established on May 8, 2006, [[Women Peace and Security Network – Africa]] (WIPSEN-Africa), is a women-focused, women-led [[Pan-African]] non-governmental organization based in [[Ghana]].<ref name="About WIPSEN">{{cite web|url=http://www.wipsen-africa.org/wipsen/about/?lang=en-us|title=WIPSEN|access-date=17 October 2014}}</ref> The organization focuses on empowering women to have a role in political and peace governance in Africa.<ref name="About WIPSEN"/> It has a presence in Ghana, [[Nigeria]], [[Ivory Coast]], [[Liberia]] and [[Sierra Leone]]. Regional leaders of [[nonviolent resistance]] include [[Leymah Gbowee]],<ref>{{cite news | title = WIPSEN EMPOWERS WOMEN…To fight for their rights | url = http://todaygh.com/2011/03/14/wipsen-empowers-women-to-fight-for-their-rights/ | date = 11 December 2010 | work = Ghana Media Group | format = article | url-status = dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110917084605/http://todaygh.com/2011/03/14/wipsen-empowers-women-to-fight-for-their-rights/ | archive-date = 17 September 2011 }}</ref> [[Comfort Freeman]], and [[Aya Virginie Toure]].

''[[Pray the Devil Back to Hell]]'' is a documentary film about the origin of this peace movement. The film has been used as an advocacy tool in post-conflict zones like [[Sudan]] and [[Zimbabwe]], mobilizing African women to petition for peace and security.<ref>[http://www.mediaglobal.org/article/2009-11-01/pray-the-devil-back-to-hell-documentary-serves-as-advocacy-tool-in-post-conflict-zones/ November 2009 MEDIAGLOBAL] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100710093803/http://www.mediaglobal.org/article/2009-11-01/pray-the-devil-back-to-hell-documentary-serves-as-advocacy-tool-in-post-conflict-zones/ |date=2010-07-10 }}</ref>

== Gallery ==
===Cityscapes of the largest cities===
{{multiple image
| image1= Lagos_Island.jpg
| alt1=
| width1= 425
| image2= Lagos_1_galleryfull.jpg
| alt2=
| width2= 360
| image3=
| alt3=
| width3= 320
| footer= <center>[[Bird's-eye view]] of the West Africa [[City]] of [[Lagos]], [[Lagos State]], [[Nigeria]]</center>
| footer_background=#BBDD99
| background color=#BBDD99
| footer_align=center
}}

{{multiple image
| image1= Abuja, Federal Capital Territory 3.jpg
| alt1=
| width1= 368
| image2= Abuja, Federal Capital Territory 2.jpg
| alt2=
| width2= 368
| image3= Abuja, Federal Capital Territory.jpg
| alt3=
| width3= 368
| footer= <center>[[Bird's-eye view]] of the West Africa [[City]] of [[Abuja]], [[Federal Capital Territory (Nigeria)|Federal Capital Territory]], Nigeria</center>
| footer_background=#BBDD99
| background color=#BBDD99
| footer_align=center
}}

{{multiple image
| image1= City Of Accra.jpg
| alt1=
| width1= 335
| image2= City of Accra.jpg
| alt2=
| width2= 437
| image3= Modern Accra Buildings.jpg
| alt3=
| width3=335
| footer= <center>[[Bird's-eye view]] of the West Africa [[City]] of [[Accra]], [[Greater Accra Region|Greater Accra]], [[Ghana]]</center>
| footer_background=#BBDD99
| background color=#BBDD99
| footer_align=center
}}

{{multiple image
| image1= AbidjanSib.JPG
| alt1=

| image2= Abidjan-Plateau1.JPG
| alt2=

| image3= Abidjanpyramid.JPG
| alt3=

| footer= <center>[[Bird's-eye view]] of the West Africa [[City]] of [[Abidjan]], [[Lagunes Region|Lagunes]], [[Ivory Coast]]</center>
| footer_background=#BBDD99
| background color=#BBDD99
| footer_align=center
| width=369
}}

{{multiple image
| image1= Aerial View of Kumasi in 2003.jpg
| alt1=
| width1= 352
| image2= Ghana Commercial Bank in Kumasi.jpg
| alt2=
| width2= 352
| image3= Gravity Road, Kumasi.jpg
| alt3=
| width3= 398
| footer= <center>[[Bird's-eye view]] of the West Africa [[City]] of [[Kumasi]], [[Ashanti Region|Ashanti]], Ghana</center>
| footer_background=#BBDD99
| background color=#BBDD99
| footer_align=center
}}

{{multiple image
| image1=
| alt1=
| width1= 342
| image2= PortHacourt1.jpg
| alt2=
| width2= 295
| image3= Pitakwa.jpg
| alt3=
| width3= 465
| footer= <center>[[Bird's-eye view]] of the West Africa [[City]] of [[Port Harcourt]], [[Rivers State]], Nigeria</center>
| footer_background=#BBDD99
| background color=#BBDD99
| footer_align=center
}}
{{clear}}

===Capital cities of West Africa===

<gallery mode="packed" caption="Capital cities of West Africa">
File:Praia coast Cape Verde.jpg|[[Praia]], Cape Verde
File:Dakar - Panorama_urbain.jpg|[[Dakar]], Senegal
File:Imagelomé20.jpg|[[Lomé]], Togo
File:Grande mosquee porto-novo.jpg|[[Porto-Novo]], Benin
File:Street scene niamey 2006 002.jpg|[[Niamey]], Niger
File:Kwamenkrumah av2.JPG|[[Ouagadougou]], Burkina Faso
File:Fort Thornton - Freetown - Sierra Leone.jpg|[[Freetown]], Sierra Leone
File:Banjul great mosque.jpg|[[Banjul]], Gambia
File:Conakry street (3329204314).jpg|[[Conakry]], Guinea
File:Praça Che Guevara, Bissau.jpg|[[Bissau]], Guinea-Bissau
File:Monrovia Street.jpg|[[Monrovia]], Liberia
File:Place des explorateurs, Koulouba - Bamako.jpg|[[Bamako]], Mali

File:Georgetown Ascension1.JPG|[[Georgetown, Ascension Island|Georgetown]], Ascension Island
File:Tristan W coast 47 (3449569461).jpg|[[Tristan da Cunha]], [[Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha]]
</gallery>

==See also==
{{portal|Africa|Geography}}




* [[Ajami]]
* [[Agroecology in West Africa]]
*[[COVID-19 pandemic in Africa]]
* [[Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa]]
* [[Manillas]], a form of archaic money unique to West Africa
* [[N'Ko script]]
* [[Nsibidi|Nsibidi Script]], an indigenously developed West African writing system
* [[Vai syllabary]]
* [[West African Craton]]
* [[Western Sahara]]
* [[Sub-Saharan Africa]]
* [[African historiography]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
* Akyeampong, Emmanuel Kwaku. ''Themes in West Africa's History'' (2006).
* Brydon, Lynne. "Constructing Avatime: questions of history and identity in a West African polity, c. 1690s to the twentieth century." ''Journal of African History'' 49.1 (2008): 23–42. [https://research.birmingham.ac.uk/portal/files/17533525/Brydon_2008_Journal_of_African_History.pdf online]
* Collins, Robert O. ''African History: Western African History'' (1990).
* Davidson, Basil. ''A History of West Africa, 1000–1800'' (1978), numerous editions
* Delavignette, Robert. ''Freedom and Authority in French West Africa'' (Routledge, 2018).
* Dueppen, Stephen A. "The archaeology of West Africa, ca. 800 BCE to 1500 CE." ''History Compass'' 14.6 (2016): 247–263.
* Edgerton, Robert B. ''The Fall of the Asante Empire: The Hundred-Year War For Africa'S Gold Coast'' (2002).
* Fage, J. D. ''A Guide to Original Sources for Precolonial Western Africa Published in European Languages'' (2nd ed. 1994); updated in Stanley B. Alpern, ed. ''Guide to Original Sources for Precolonial Western Africa'' (2006).
* Festus, Jacob et al. eds. ''History of West Africa'' (Vol. 1, 1989).
* Greene, S. E. ''Sacred Sites and the Colonial Encounter: A History of Meaning and Memory in Ghana'' (2002).
* Griswold, Wendy. ''Writing African women: Gender, popular culture and literature in West Africa'' (Zed Books Ltd., 2017).
* Ham, Anthony. ''West Africa'' (2013) [https://archive.org/details/westafrica0000hama online].
* Hayward, Derek F., and Julius Oguntoyinbo. ''Climatology of West Africa'' (Routledge, 2019).
* Hopkins, Antony Gerald. ''An economic history of West Africa'' (2014) [https://archive.org/details/economichistoryo0000hopk online].
* Huber, Caroline, Lyn Finelli, and Warren Stevens. "The economic and social burden of the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa." ''Journal of infectious diseases 218.Supplement_5'' (2018): S698-S704.
* Kane, Ousmane Oumar, ''Beyond Timbuktu: An Intellectual History of Muslim West Africa'' (2016).
* Lavallée, Emmanuelle, and François Roubaud. "Corruption in the informal sector: evidence from West Africa." ''Journal of Development Studies'' 55.6 (2019): 1067-1080. [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Francois-Roubaud/publication/303725879_Does_corruption_matter_for_informal_sector_economic_performance_Microdata_evidence_from_sub-Saharan_Africa/links/5badd3e7299bf13e6051f13d/Does-corruption-matter-for-informal-sector-economic-performance-Microdata-evidence-from-sub-Saharan-Africa.pdf online]
* Law, Robin. "Human sacrifice in pre-colonial West Africa." ''African Affairs'' 84.334 (1985): 53–87. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/722523 online]
* Mann, Gregory. "Locating colonial histories: between France and West Africa." ''American Historical Review'' 110.2 (2005): 409–434. focus on local memories and memorials [https://academic.oup.com/ahr/article-pdf/110/2/409/57992/110-2-409.pdf online]
* Martinez-Alvarez, Melisa, et al. "COVID-19 pandemic in West Africa." ''The Lancet Global Health'' 8.5 (2020): e631-e632. [https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(20)30123-6/fulltext?dgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_email&utm_source=Human+Vaccines+Project+COVID+Report&utm_campaign=6f53e4eee5-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2018_08_21_06_59_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_89e0163bb8-6f53e4eee5- online]
* Mazrui, Ali A. ''Islam and the English language in East and West Africa'' (Routledge, 2017).
* Meillassoux, Claude, ed. ''The development of indigenous trade and markets in West Africa: studies presented and discussed at the tenth International African seminar at Fourah Bay college, Freetown, december 1969'' (Routledge, 2018).
* Mendonsa, Eugene L. ''West Africa: An Introduction to Its History'' (2002)
* O'Brien, Donal Cruise, Richard Rathbone, John Dunn, eds. ''Contemporary West African States'' (2002) [https://archive.org/details/contemporarywest00crui online free to borrow]
* Soares, Benjamin. "The historiography of Islam in West Africa: an anthropologist's view." ''Journal of African History'' 55.1 (2014): 27–36. [https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/bitstream/handle/1887/25369/ASC-075287668-3492-01.pdf?sequence=1 online]
* Tonkin, Elizabeth. ''Narrating our pasts: The social construction of oral history'' (Cambridge university press, 1995), on West Africa
* Westermann, Diedrich, and Margaret Arminel Bryan. ''The Languages of West Africa: Handbook of African Languages'' (Routledge, 2017).

==External links==
{{commons category multi|Western Africa|West Africa}}
{{wikivoyage|West Africa}}
*[http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/africa/cuvl/West.html#tbl ''West Africa by Region and Country''] – African Studies at [[Columbia University]]
*[http://www.ouestaf.com/ ouestaf.com] – Ouestaf, a West African online newspaper {{in lang|fr}}
*[http://www.loccidental.net/ Loccidental] – An online West African newspaper {{in lang|fr}}
*[http://www.westafricareview.com/ West Africa Review] – An e-journal on West Africa research and scholarship {{in lang|en}}
*[http://www.wdl.org/en/item/638 The Voyage of the Sieur Le Maire, to the Canary Islands, Cape-Verde, Senegal, and Gambia] is the first published writing about Western Africa, dating from 1695 {{in lang|en}}


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