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Alpha Beta Gamma (film)

2026-05-06T17:32:27Z

Garrisonroofing: New A Data

{{Short description|Indian romantic comedy film}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Alpha Beta Gamma
| image = Alpha Beta Gamma film poster.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = Shankar Srikumar<ref>{{Cite web|title=Unique and engaging stories create stars: Director of 'Alpha Beta Gamma' Shankar Srikumar at IFFI52|url=https://pib.gov.in/pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1774847|access-date=2021-11-25|website=pib.gov.in}}</ref>
| screenplay =
| story = Menka Sharma<ref>{{Cite web|title=A good mix for everyone|url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Cafe/A-good-mix-for-everyone/183020|access-date=2021-11-25|website=oHeraldo|date=24 November 2021 }}</ref> Shankar Srikumar
| producer = Jithin Raj<ref>{{Cite web|last=മാധവൻ|first=അനുശ്രീ|title=സൗഹൃദ കൂട്ടായ്മയിൽ പിറന്ന 'ആൽഫ ബീറ്റ ഗാമ'|url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/specials/iffi-52/special/alpha-beta-gamma-movie-producer-jithin-raj-iffi-2021-1.6210820|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125074738/https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/specials/iffi-52/special/alpha-beta-gamma-movie-producer-jithin-raj-iffi-2021-1.6210820|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 November 2021|access-date=2021-11-25|website=Mathrubhumi|language=en}}</ref> Mona Shankar Thomas Punnoose Menka Sharma
| starring = [[Nishan (actor)|Nishan]] Amit Kumar Vashisth Reena Aggarwal
| narrator =
| cinematography = Kartik Kumar Bhagat
| editing = Mandar M Sawant
| music = Biplaab Dutta Prassanna Vishwanathan
| studio = Choti Film Productions Knownsense Entertainment
| distributor = Agastaya Jain (Creators Retina)
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2021|11|24|IFFI|2024|03|08|}}
| runtime = 119 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Alpha Beta Gamma''''' is a 2021 Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[romantic comedy]] film directed by debutant director Shankar Srikumar and starring [[Nishan (actor)|Nishan]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Service |first=Express News |date=2022-02-21 |title=Karnataka youth's off-beat short film makes it to Berlin Film Festival |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/good-news/2022/Feb/21/karnataka-youths-off-beat-short-film-makes-it-to-berlin-film-festival-2422111.html |access-date=2024-03-06 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> [[Amit Kumar]] Vashisth, and Reena Aggarwal.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-05-23 |title=Reena Aggarwal shares her joy at 'Alpha Beta Gamma' being selected for Cannes |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/reena-aggarwal-shares-her-joy-at-alpha-beta-gamma-being-selected-for-cannes/articleshow/91745334.cms |access-date=2024-03-06 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> The story and screenplay is written by Menka Sharma and Shankar Srikumar. The film is produced by Jithin Raj, Mona Shankar, Thomas Punnoose, and Menka Sharma. The film is a joint venture between Choti Film Productions and Knownsense Entertainment.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hungama |first=Bollywood |date=2024-03-08 |title=Alpha Beta Gamma Cast List {{!}} Alpha Beta Gamma Movie Star Cast {{!}} Release Date {{!}} Movie Trailer {{!}} Review- Bollywood Hungama |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/alpha-beta-gamma/cast/ |access-date=2025-11-23 |language=en}}</ref>

Kartik Kumar Bhagat was the film's [[cinematographer]], and its soundtrack and score are composed by Biplaab Dutta.
Background score was done by Prassanna Vishwanathan.

Alpha Beta Gamma<ref>{{Cite web|title=52nd IFFI: Two Malayalam movies to feature in Indian panorama on Wednesday|url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/movie-news/52nd-iffi-two-malayalam-movies-to-feature-in-indian-panorama-on-wednesday-sunny-niraye-thathakalulla-maram-1.6207657|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124181140/https://english.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/movie-news/52nd-iffi-two-malayalam-movies-to-feature-in-indian-panorama-on-wednesday-sunny-niraye-thathakalulla-maram-1.6207657|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 November 2021|access-date=2021-11-25|website=Mathrubhumi|language=en}}</ref> was world premiered<ref>{{Cite web|title=Indian Panorama Announces Official Selection for 52nd IFFI, 2021|url=https://pib.gov.in/pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1769681|access-date=2021-11-11|website=pib.gov.in}}</ref> at the [[52nd International Film Festival of India]] at Goa, in the Indian Panorama<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-24 |title=NFDC Film Bazaar: 'Withering' And 'Alpha Beta Gamma' Focus On Acceptance, Reconciliation |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/nfdc-film-bazaar-withering-and-alpha-beta-gamma-focus-on-acceptance-reconciliation-4481150.html |access-date=2024-03-06 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> feature film{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}} segment on 24 November 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/komalnahta/status/1462769939391995905|access-date=2021-11-25|website=Twitter|language=en}}</ref> It's a first and debut<ref>{{Cite web|title=Debutants' flick 'Alpha Beta Gamma' premiered at IFFI|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2021/state-editions/debutants----flick----alpha-beta-gamma----premiered-at-iffi.html|access-date=2021-12-01|website=The Pioneer|language=en}}</ref> for most of the people associated with the film.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-05|title=IFFI's Indian Panorama line-up includes India's Oscar entry Koozhangal, regional films lead again|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/entertainment-others/iffi-indian-panorama-line-up-includes-india-oscar-entry-koozhangal-regional-films-lead-again-7609256/|access-date=2021-11-11|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> The film was one of the only two Hindi films<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-24|title=NFDC Film Bazaar: 'Withering' And 'Alpha Beta Gamma' Focus On Acceptance, Reconciliation|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/nfdc-film-bazaar-withering-and-alpha-beta-gamma-focus-on-acceptance-reconciliation-4481150.html|access-date=2021-12-01|website=News18|language=en}}</ref> to be screened under Indian Panorama in the feature film segment out of 221 applications.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-21|title=IFFI 2021: Indian Panorama section kicks off with 'Semkhor' and 'Ved The Visionary'|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/iffi-2021-indian-panorama-section-kicks-off-with-semkhor-and-ved-the-visionary-1053089.html|access-date=2021-12-03|website=Deccan Herald|language=en}}</ref>

== Plot ==
It unfolds against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic. Mitali, a woman, Chiranjeev, her estranged husband, and Ravi, her boyfriend, are confined in an apartment for 14 days. As they navigate the challenges of lockdown, they discover that letting go may be more difficult than holding on.

== Cast ==

* [[Nishan Nanaiah]] as Raviraj Varma
* Amit Kumar Vashisth as Chiranjeev Vashishth/Jai
* Reena Aggarwal as Mitali Chauhan
* [[Saavi]] Kundra as Jai’s friend, Shekhar
* Hemant Sharma as Watchman Birpal
* Nishikant Joshi as Mr. Fernandes
* Sangeeta Prasad as Mrs. Fernandes
* Aneetha Muraleedharan as Bindu Varma (Ravi’s mother)

== Production ==
The project was initially reported in 2020. The film was shot in Pune during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] with limited crew members. Most of the crew and cast are from the [[Film and Television Institute of India]] (FTII), Pune.

== Screenings ==
''Alpha Beta Gamma'' was world premiered at [[52nd International Film Festival of India]] in features film category of 'Indian Panorama' section for screening in November. The film also be screened<ref>{{Cite news |title=I&B picks five festival favourite films for screening at Cannes |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/ib-picks-five-festival-favourite-films-for-screening-at-cannes/articleshow/91520480.cms |access-date=2022-06-04 |newspaper=The Times of India |language=en | first=Niharika | last=Lal | date=13 May 2022 }}</ref> at [[Cannes Film Festival]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-17 |title=Rocketry, Godavari, and all the other Indian films to be screened at the 75th Cannes Film Festival |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/entertainment-others/indian-films-screened-at-the-75th-cannes-film-festival-7920064/ |access-date=2024-03-06 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> in [[Marché du Film]] held along 2022 edition of the festival on 22 May at Palais des Festivals, where India was announced as the official 'country of honour'.<ref>{{Cite web |title=I B ministry unveils list of films to be screened at Cannes Film Festival |url=https://www.theweek.in/wire-updates/entertainment/2022/05/12/ent12-cannes-india-film-screenings.html |access-date=2022-05-16 |website=The Week |language=en}}</ref>

== Release ==
In February 2024, the trailer was released<ref>{{Cite web |last=Namdev |first=Sanjana |date=2024-03-01 |title=कान्स फिल्म फेस्टिवल में धूम मचाने के बाद देसी थिएटर्स में आ रही है फिल्म "अल्फा बीटा गामा" |url=https://www.bhaskarhindi.com/entertainment/after-making-a-splash-at-cannes-film-festival-the-film-alpha-beta-gamma-is-coming-to-indian-theaters-1006087 |access-date=2024-03-06 |website=www.bhaskarhindi.com |language=hi}}</ref> and the theatrical release of the film was on 8 March 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alpha Beta Gamma – The relationship story of the year |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/information/story/alpha-beta-gamma-the-relationship-story-of-the-year-2510229-2024-03-04 |access-date=2024-03-09 |website=India Today |date=4 March 2024 |language=en}}</ref> It was released in Mumbai, Delhi, and Pune. The film is distributed by Agastaya Jain (Creators Retina), 70mm Talkies, and Samant Chauhan. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Alpha Beta Gamma: Srikumar Shankars Film To Premiere In Theatres After Receiving Applause At Cannes Film Festival |url=https://zeenews.india.com/bollywood/alpha-beta-gamma-trailer-out-srikumar-shankars-film-to-premiere-in-theatres-after-getting-applause-in-cannes-film-festival-2726775.html |access-date=2024-03-06 |website=Zee News |language=en}}</ref>

== Reception ==
Abhishek Srivastava of ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave 3.5/5 stars and wrote, '''"'''''Alpha Beta Gamma'' offers immense creative possibilities for both the writer and the filmmaker, and, fortunately, the film succeeds for the most part and remains engaging throughout. Shankar introduces a fresh twist to the classic theme of triangular relationships, relying heavily on how characters respond to various situations. He manages to keep viewers engaged, navigating the complexities adeptly.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Alpha Beta Gamma Movie Review : This comedy drama explores relationships during lockdown |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/alpha-beta-gamma/movie-review/108305699.cms |access-date=2024-10-17 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

Devesh Sharma of ''[[Filmfare]]'' gave 3.5/5 stars, called it a relationship hurricane and a modern take on urban relationships, and wrote "''Alpha Beta Gamma'' was shot amidst the pandemic with limited resources and that kind of works in the film’s favour. The sound design is raw and minimal, and gives the feel of something captured inside an actual apartment, rather than being recreated in a studio. The camerawork helps create the feeling of claustrophobia. The characters and their quarrels, angst, as well as the stories they share with each other seem like something carved from life. The dialogue reeks of real conversations."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Alpha Beta Gamma Movie Review |url=https://www.filmfare.com/reviews/bollywood-movies/alpha-beta-gamma-movie-review-64882.html |access-date=2024-03-10 |website=filmfare.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Awards and nominations ==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|+
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" |Award
! scope="col" style="width:10%;" |Date of ceremony
! scope="col" style="width:25%;" |Category
|-
![[International Film Festival of India]]
|[[52nd International Film Festival of India|24 November 2021]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Line-up for IFFI's Indian Panorama unveiled, regional films lead again|url=https://www.theweek.in/news/entertainment/2021/11/06/line-up-iffi-indian-panorama-unveiled-regional-films.html|access-date=2021-11-11|website=The Week|language=en}}</ref>
|Feature Film - Indian Panorama<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-06|title='Dollu', 'Talendanda', 2 other Kannada movies to be screened at IFFI|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/dollu-talendanda-2-other-kannada-movies-to-be-screened-at-iffi-1047781.html|access-date=2021-11-11|website=Deccan Herald|language=en}}</ref>
|-
!Amerta Festival <ref>{{Cite web|title=Amerta Film Festival|url=https://amertafestival.com/|access-date=2021-11-11|website=Amerta Film Festival|language=en-US}}</ref>
|24 September 2021
|Feature Film

|-
![[Tasveer|Tasveer South Asian Film Festival]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=web-tasveer |date=2022-01-09 |title=Press |url=https://tasveer.org/press/ |access-date=2024-03-06 |website=Tasveer |language=en-US}}</ref>
|16 November 2022
|Feature Film

|-
!REAKTOR International Film Festival<ref>{{Cite web |title=REAKTOR International Film Festival 2023 |url=https://www.reaktor.art/en/program/riff-2023 |access-date=2024-03-06 |website=Reaktor |language=en}}</ref>
|19 September 2023
|Feature Film

|-
!REAKTOR International Film Festival
|19 September 2023
|Best Actor
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|tt14389464}}

[[Category:2021 films]]
[[Category:2021 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:2021 Indian films]]
[[Category:2021 romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic comedy films]]

RDX (film)

2026-05-03T23:58:33Z

Garrisonroofing:

{{short description|2023 film directed by Nahas Hidayath}}
{{About|the 2023 Malayalam film|3=RDX (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox film
| image = File:RDX- Robert Dony Xavier poster.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Nahas Hidhayath]]
| producer = [[Sophia Paul]]
| screenplay = {{Plainlist|
* [[Adarsh Sukumaran]]
* Shabas Rasheed
}}
| story = Nahas Hidhayath
| starring = [[Shane Nigam]] [[Antony Varghese]] [[Neeraj Madhav]]
| music = [[Sam C. S.]]
| cinematography = Alex J. Pulickal
| editing = [[Chaman Chakko]]
| studio = [[Weekend Blockbusters]]
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2023|08|25|ref1=<ref>{{Cite web |title='King of Kotha', 'RDX', and more! Here's a list of Onam 2023 releases to binge on |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2023/aug/25/king-of-kotha-rdx-and-more-heres-a-list-of-onam-2023-releases-to-binge-on-2608660.html |access-date=2023-08-29 |website=The New Indian Express |date=28 August 2023 |archive-date=29 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829090800/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2023/aug/25/king-of-kotha-rdx-and-more-heres-a-list-of-onam-2023-releases-to-binge-on-2608660.html |url-status=live}}</ref>}}
| runtime = 151 minutes<ref>{{Cite web |title= RDX : Robert Dony Xavier |url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/rdx-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0xmde1ntky |access-date=2023-09-02 |website=[[British Board of Film Classification]] |language=en |archive-date=2 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902081901/https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/rdx-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0xmde1ntky |url-status=live}}</ref>
| country = India
| language = Malayalam
| budget = {{INR|18 crore}}
| gross = {{Estimation}} {{INR|84.55 crore}}<ref>{{cite web |date=2023-12-29 |title=Malayalam movies that struck gold at box office in 2023 |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/malayalam-movies-that-struck-gold-at-box-office-in-2023-1.9194277 |website=Mathrubhumi English |language=en}}</ref>
}}

'''''RDX: Robert Dony Xavier''''' (also known as '''''RDX''''') is a 2023 Indian [[Malayalam]]-language [[action thriller film]] directed by [[Nahas Hidhayath]] in his directorial debut and produced by Sophia Paul under [[Weekend Blockbusters]]. It stars [[Shane Nigam]], [[Antony Varghese]] and [[Neeraj Madhav]] in the titular roles. alongside [[Babu Antony]], [[Lal (actor)|Lal]], [[Mahima Nambiar]], [[Aima Rosmy Sebastian]], [[Parvathi T.|Maala Parvathi]] and [[Baiju Santhosh]]. The film revolves around Robert, Dony and Xavier's crusade to exact vengeance against Paulson and his gang for assaulting their family.

The film was announced in August 2022. [[Principal photography]] commenced on 17 August 2022 and, after a short delay, resumed in December 2022. The filming [[Wrap (filmmaking)|wrapped]] up in April 2023. The music was composed by [[Sam C. S.]], while the cinematography and editing were handled by Alex J. Pulickal and [[Chaman Chakko]] respectively.

''RDX'' was released on 25 August 2023, during [[Onam]], to positive reviews from critics and grossed over {{INR}}84 crore worldwide. The film collected {{INR}}50 crore from [[Kerala]] state alone becoming the fourth [[Malayalam film]] to achieve this after ''[[Pulimurugan]]'', [[Lucifer (2019 Indian film)|''Lucifer'']] and [[2018 (film)|''2018'']].<ref>{{Cite web |last=nirmal |title='പുലിമുരുകന്‍' മുതല്‍ 'ആര്‍ഡിഎക്സ്' വരെ; കേരളത്തില്‍ നിന്ന് 50 കോടി ക്ലബ്ബില്‍ ഇടംപിടിച്ച 7 സിനിമകള്‍ |url=https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment/box-office/pulimurugan-to-rdx-50-crore-grossers-in-kerala-mohanlal-antony-varghese-shane-nigam-neeraj-madhav-nsn-s1524u |access-date=2023-09-19 |website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd |language=ml |archive-date=28 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928112027/https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment/box-office/pulimurugan-to-rdx-50-crore-grossers-in-kerala-mohanlal-antony-varghese-shane-nigam-neeraj-madhav-nsn-s1524u |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-09-23 |title='RDX' OTT release: Shane Nigam's action flick to start streaming on THIS date |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/rdx-ott-release-shane-nigams-action-flick-to-start-streaming-on-this-date/articleshow/103882676.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926085518/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/rdx-ott-release-shane-nigams-action-flick-to-start-streaming-on-this-date/articleshow/103882676.cms?from=mdr |archive-date=26 September 2023 |access-date=2023-09-26 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> The film became the [[List of Malayalam films of 2023|third highest-grossing Malayalam film of the year]] and is currently one of the [[List of highest-grossing Malayalam films|highest-grossing Malayalam films]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-09-23 |title='RDX' OTT release: Shane Nigam's action flick to start streaming on THIS date |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/rdx-ott-release-shane-nigams-action-flick-to-start-streaming-on-this-date/articleshow/103882676.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-09-26 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=26 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926085518/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/rdx-ott-release-shane-nigams-action-flick-to-start-streaming-on-this-date/articleshow/103882676.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=honey |title=ചെറിയ ബജറ്റ്, വമ്പൻ ജയം, കോടികളുടെ ബിസിനസ്, ആര്‍ഡിഎക്സിന്റെ ലാഭക്കണക്കുകള്‍ അമ്പരപ്പിക്കും |url=https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment/box-office/shanes-rdx-crosses-100-crores-worldwide-business-neeraj-madhav-starrer-film-budget-profit-details-hrk-s1hivt |access-date=2023-11-02 |website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd |language=ml}}</ref> In [[Kerala Film Critics Association Awards]] 2023, ''RDX'' was awarded as the Best Popular Film.

== Plot ==
'''1997-98''': Robert, Xavier and Robert's elder brother Dony are best friends trained in [[karate]] and [[boxing]] under the supervision of Antony Aashaan, Xavier's father and a friend of Robert and Dony's father Philip. Robert, Dony and Xavier always get entangled in fights, which causes headaches for the families.

During the [[Cochin Carnival]], Robert gets involved in a fight with Jaison, who from his girlfriend Mini's colony, after he caused problems during Mini's dance performance. Robert, Dony and Xavier beat everyone and Robert breaks Jaison's leg. During the fight, Robert unknowingly causes a fire accident that puts an end to the carnival. Fearing for Robert's safety from Jaison, Philip sends Robert to [[Bangalore]].

'''2005''': During a yearly [[Church (building)|church]] festival in [[Kochi]], Philip tries to stop a gang from creating trouble, but gets beaten by the gang. Seeing this, Dony thrashes them. Later, the same gang breaks into Philip's house and ambushes them, which leaves Dony, Dony's family and his wife Simi severely injured and rob things, including his daughter Sara's [[necklace]] that makes a deep cut on her neck. Robert, who is now a [[bartender]], learns about the ambush and returns home. Robert joins Dony to exact revenge on the gang members.

Through one of the gang member Suni, Robert and Dony reach the colony to fight them, but they get outnumbered easily after the gang is informed about their arrival. Robert hides in one of the houses and meets Mini, who is now married to one of the gang member Ratheesh. Xavier arrives in time to save them and three of them escape from the colony.

Xavier reveals that the gang that ambushed the family was led by Jaison's brother Paulson, who wanted to exact revenge for thrashing him at the church festival. Paulson sends his men to attack Robert, Dony and Xavier at the hospital, but the trio, along with Philip, Simi and Antony escape from the hospital in an [[ambulance]].

Paulson and the rest of the colony members chase after them. Ratheesh goes to help Paulson, but Mini stops him by tying him to a chair. Robert, Dony, Xavier and Antony finally defeat Paulson's men and Robert incapacitates Paulson by snapping his [[spinal cord]]. During the celebration of Sara's birthday, Robert, Dony and Xavier learn that Paulson's sidekick Davis has been released from prison, where they intercept Davis and thrash him.

== Cast ==
{{cast listing|
*[[Shane Nigam]] as Robert, Philip and Kunjumol's younger son
*[[Antony Varghese]] as Dony, Philip and Kunjumol's elder son<ref>{{cite web |url=https://zeenews.india.com/malayalam/photo-gallery/rdx-movie-shooting-completed-movie-starring-neeraj-madhav-shane-nigam-antony-varghese-release-soon-in-theatres-135103 |title=RDX Movie: ഇനി തിയേറ്ററുകളിലേക്ക്! 'ആർഡിഎക്സ്' ചിത്രീകരണം പൂർത്തിയായി |website=Zee News Malayalam |access-date=5 July 2023 |archive-date=5 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705071111/https://zeenews.india.com/malayalam/photo-gallery/rdx-movie-shooting-completed-movie-starring-neeraj-madhav-shane-nigam-antony-varghese-release-soon-in-theatres-135103 |url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[Neeraj Madhav]] as Xavier, Antony's son and Robert and Dony's friend<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/apr/06/neeraj-madhav-shares-bts-scenes-of-upcoming-film-rdx-42029.html |title=Neeraj Madhav shares BTS scenes of upcoming film RDX |website=Cinema Express |date=6 April 2023 |access-date=5 July 2023 |archive-date=5 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705065609/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/apr/06/neeraj-madhav-shares-bts-scenes-of-upcoming-film-rdx-42029.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
*[[Lal (actor)|Lal]] as Philip, Robert and Dony's father
*[[Babu Antony]] as Antony, Xavier's father and a [[karate]] trainer
*[[Baiju Santhosh]] as [[Inspector|CI]] Roy Sebastian, Philip's brother-in-law
*[[Parvathi T.|Maala Parvathi]] as Kunjumol, Robert and Dony's mother
*[[Mahima Nambiar]] as Mini, Robert's ex-girlfriend and Ratheesh's wife
*[[Aima Rosmy Sebastian]] as Simi, Dony's wife
*[[Nishanth Sagar]] as Davison, Paulson's and Jaison's elder brother
*[[Sujith Shankar]] as Jaison, Paulson's elder brother
*Vishnu Agasthya as Paulson, Jaison's younger brother
*Sruthy Suresh as Sruthy, Mini’s Best friend
*[[Arya Salim]] as Jancy, Jaison's wife
*Sreejith B. Nair as Peter
*Dineesh P. as Suni
*Sandeep Raj as Seban
*Midhun Venugopal as Faisal
*Siraj as Ratheesh, Mini's husband
*Harisankar Rajendran as Anas
*[[Nahas Hidhayath]] as an [[announcer]] at a cricket match
}}

== Production ==

=== Development ===
In August 2022, [[Sophia Paul]] announced her next film based on [[martial arts]] featuring [[Shane Nigam]], [[Antony Varghese]] and [[Neeraj Madhav]] titled ''Robert Dony Xavier,'' abbreviated as ''RDX.''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-05 |title=Minnal Murali Makers' Next Film RDX To Focus on Martial Arts |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/minnal-murali-makers-next-film-rdx-to-focus-on-martial-arts-5695129.html |access-date=2023-11-19 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-24 |title=Minnal Murali producer Sophia Paul on her upcoming actioner RDX: 'It will be an Onam treat for viewers' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/minnal-murali-producer-sophia-paul-actioner-rdx-shane-nigam-antony-varghese-neeraj-madhav-onam-treat-8903326/ |access-date=2023-12-03 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> The film marked the directorial debut of [[Nahas Hidhayath]], who was an assistant director in [[Godha (film)|''Godha'']] (2017).<ref>{{Cite news |last=M |first=Athira |date=2023-09-07 |title=Malayalam filmmaker Nahas Hidhayath talks about his debut project, 'RDX', which is having a dream run at the box office |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/malayalam-filmmaker-nihas-hidhayath-on-his-directorial-debut-rdx-that-is-playing-to-full-houses/article67276265.ece |access-date=2023-09-19 |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=13 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230913013532/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/malayalam-filmmaker-nihas-hidhayath-on-his-directorial-debut-rdx-that-is-playing-to-full-houses/article67276265.ece |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-08-18 |title=Debutant Malayalam Director Nahas Hidayath Starts Filming RDX |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/debutant-malayalam-director-nahas-hidayath-starts-filming-rdx-5777617.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221127174224/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/debutant-malayalam-director-nahas-hidayath-starts-filming-rdx-5777617.html |archive-date=27 November 2022 |access-date=2023-09-19 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> The film produced by the banner [[Weekend Blockbusters]] was made on a budget of {{INR}}8 crore.<ref>{{cite web |title=RDX crosses Rs 50 crores at the worldwide box office |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/sep/17/rdx-crosses-rs-50-crores-at-the-worldwide-box-office-47718.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928112025/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/sep/17/rdx-crosses-rs-50-crores-at-the-worldwide-box-office-47718.html |archive-date=28 September 2023 |access-date=28 September 2023 |website=Cinema Express |date=17 September 2023}}</ref> Rasheed Shabazz and Adarsh Sukumaran have written the script and dialogues for the film.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-06-16 |title=Actress Mahima Nambiar shares picture from 'RDX' dubbing session |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/actress-mahima-nambiar-shares-picture-from-rdx-dubbing-session/articleshow/101040450.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-11-19 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> [[Sam C. S.]] has been hired as the music director after his debut in ''[[Odiyan]]'' (2018) and [[Manu Manjith]] has written the lyrics for the songs.<ref name="indianexpress.com">{{cite web |date=29 June 2023 |title=RDX teaser: Shane Nigam, Antony Varghese and Neeraj Madhav promise action-packed masala entertainer |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/rdx-teaser-shane-nigam-antony-varghese-and-neeraj-madhav-promise-action-packed-masala-entertainer-8692799/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705064816/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/rdx-teaser-shane-nigam-antony-varghese-and-neeraj-madhav-promise-action-packed-masala-entertainer-8692799/ |archive-date=5 July 2023 |access-date=5 July 2023 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref> Richard Kevin of ''[[Vikram Vedha]]'' (2017) and ''[[Suzhal: The Vortex]]'' (2022) was signed in for editing, but was replaced by Chamman Chacko.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-08-13 |title='RDX' trailer: Shane Nigam, Antony Varghese, Neeraj Madhav pack a punch |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/rdx-trailer-shane-nigam-antony-varghese-neeraj-madhav-pack-a-punch/article67190710.ece |access-date=2023-11-19 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Alex J. Pulickal was hired for the cinematography, while [[Anbariv]] were signed to design the action sequences.<ref>{{cite web |date=27 June 2023 |title=RDX: Robert Dony Xavier's Shooting Wrapped In 4 Months, Film Enters Post-production |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/rdx-robert-dony-xaviers-shooting-wrapped-in-4-months-film-enters-post-production-8187541.html |website=News 18 |access-date=5 July 2023 |archive-date=5 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705081958/https://www.news18.com/amp/movies/rdx-robert-dony-xaviers-shooting-wrapped-in-4-months-film-enters-post-production-8187541.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Casting ===
Antony Varghese, Shane Nigam and Neeraj Madhav were cast in the lead roles to play the titular characters.<ref name="indianexpress.com"/><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-08-13 |title='RDX' trailer: Shane Nigam, Antony Varghese, Neeraj Madhav pack a punch |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/rdx-trailer-shane-nigam-antony-varghese-neeraj-madhav-pack-a-punch/article67190710.ece |access-date=2023-12-03 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref> [[Lal (actor)|Lal]], [[Babu Antony]], [[Baiju Santhosh]], [[Shammi Thilakan]], [[Maala Parvathi]] and [[Nishanth Sagar]] were cast to play supporting roles.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-08-17 |title=Shane Nigam - Antony Varghese starrer 'RDX' starts rolling |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/shane-nigam-antony-varghese-starrer-rdx-starts-rolling/articleshow/93613212.cms |access-date=2023-12-03 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref name="news18.com">{{Cite web |date=2022-08-18 |title=Debutant Malayalam Director Nahas Hidayath Starts Filming RDX |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/debutant-malayalam-director-nahas-hidayath-starts-filming-rdx-5777617.html |access-date=2023-11-19 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> [[Mahima Nambiar]] and [[Aima Rosmy Sebastian]] were finalised to play the female leads.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mahima Nambiar, Aima Rosy join Minnal Murali producer's next |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2022/aug/04/mahima-nambiar-aima-rosy-join-minnal-murali-producers-next-2483750.html |access-date=2023-11-19 |website=The New Indian Express |date=4 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-19 |title=Mahima Nambiar expresses confidence in RDX delivering explosive impact on screen; commends Shane Nigam's acting prowess as 'very natural' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/mahima-nambiar-rdx-explosive-impact-on-screen-shane-nigam-acting-natural-8898348/ |access-date=2023-12-03 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

=== Filming ===
The Principal photography began on 17 August 2022, with a puja at Anchumana Temple in [[Ernakulam]], Kerala. Sofia Paul's mother, Agnes Antony, gave the first clap.<ref name="news18.com"/> The shooting was discontinued, and a four-month delay due to Antony Varghese's injury and unsuitable weather pushed them to restart production in December 2022.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-12-15 |title='RDX' movie: Antony Varghese, Shane Nigam, Neeraj Madhav starrer starts rolling after a four-month delay |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/rdx-movie-antony-varghese-shane-nigam-neeraj-madhav-starrer-starts-rolling-after-a-four-month-delay/articleshow/96246023.cms |access-date=2023-09-19 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=5 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230705092950/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/rdx-movie-antony-varghese-shane-nigam-neeraj-madhav-starrer-starts-rolling-after-a-four-month-delay/articleshow/96246023.cms |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title='RDX' set to roll on December 15 |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2022/dec/14/rdx-set-to-roll-on-december-15-2527849.html |access-date=2023-09-19 |website=The New Indian Express |date=14 December 2022 |archive-date=17 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117131217/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2022/dec/14/rdx-set-to-roll-on-december-15-2527849.html |url-status=live}}</ref> The shooting resumed on 15 December 2022 in [[Kochi]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=RDX starring Shane Nigam, Antony Varghese, and Neeraj Madhav starts rolling today |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2022/dec/15/rdx-starring-shane-nigam-antony-varghese-and-neeraj-madhav-starts-rolling-today-37780.html |access-date=2023-09-20 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=15 December 2022 |language=en |archive-date=22 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221222223644/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2022/dec/15/rdx-starring-shane-nigam-antony-varghese-and-neeraj-madhav-starts-rolling-today-37780.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> The shooting [[Wrap (filmmaking)|wrapped]] up in four months, on 13 April 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=It's a wrap for RDX |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/apr/14/its-a-wrap-for-rdx-42306.html |access-date=2023-09-20 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=14 April 2023 |language=en |archive-date=14 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230414125602/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/apr/14/its-a-wrap-for-rdx-42306.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=antony varghese: It's a wrap for Antony Varghese's action entertainer 'RDX' {{!}} Malayalam Movie News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/regional/malayalam/its-a-wrap-for-antony-vargheses-action-entertainer-rdx/videoshow/99491084.cms |access-date=2023-09-19 |website=The Times of India |language=en |archive-date=18 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230518005300/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/regional/malayalam/its-a-wrap-for-antony-vargheses-action-entertainer-rdx/videoshow/99491084.cms |url-status=live}}</ref>

== Music ==
{{Main|RDX: Robert Dony Xavier (soundtrack)}}
The soundtrack and background score were composed by [[Sam C. S.|Sam C. S]], while the song lyrics were written by [[Manu Manjith]]. The audio rights were bagged by [[Saregama]]. The first single titled "Halaballoo" was released on 26 July 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/halaballoo-song-from-rdx-is-all-things-vintage-and-vivid/articleshow/102176733.cms |title='Halaballoo' song from 'RDX' is all things vintage and vivid |date=27 July 2023 |website=The Times of India |access-date=20 August 2023 |archive-date=20 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230820070754/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/halaballoo-song-from-rdx-is-all-things-vintage-and-vivid/articleshow/102176733.cms |url-status=live}}</ref> The second single titled "Scene Mone" was released on 17 August 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/rdx-song-scene-mone-neeraj-madhavs-energetic-rap-is-here/95ae80c114794 |title=RDX song Scene Mone: Neeraj Madhav's energetic rap is HERE |website=OTTPlay |access-date=20 August 2023 |archive-date=20 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230820070629/https://www.ottplay.com/news/rdx-song-scene-mone-neeraj-madhavs-energetic-rap-is-here/95ae80c114794 |url-status=live}}</ref>

== Release ==
=== Theatrical ===
''RDX: Robert Dony Xavier'' was theatrically released on 25 August 2023, coinciding with [[Onam]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=RDX release date: When and where to watch Minnal Murali makers' action entertainer |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/rdx-release-date-when-and-where-to-watch-minnal-murali-makers-action-entertainer/47ded96d05664 |website=OTT Play |language=en |access-date=28 September 2023 |archive-date=28 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928112027/https://www.ottplay.com/news/rdx-release-date-when-and-where-to-watch-minnal-murali-makers-action-entertainer/47ded96d05664 |url-status=live}}</ref> The film was censored with a U/A certificate by the [[Central Board of Film Certification|CBFC]] before release.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-08-22 |title='RDX' gets censored with a clean UA certificate; check out the later poster |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/rdx-gets-censored-with-a-clean-ua-certificate-check-out-the-later-poster/articleshow/102943489.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-11-19 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

=== Home media ===
The satellite rights of the film were sold to [[Asianet (TV channel)|Asianet]], while [[Netflix]] has acquired the post-theatrical digital rights and began streaming it on {{Date|24 September 2023}} in Malayalam and in dubbed versions of [[Hindi]], [[Kannada]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]] and [[Telugu language|Telugu]] languages.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Netflix baggs RDX's streaming rights |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/aug/21/netflix-baggs-rdxs-streaming-rights-46826.html |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=21 August 2023 |language=en |archive-date=24 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230824113335/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/aug/21/netflix-baggs-rdxs-streaming-rights-46826.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kuttan |first=Rashmi |date=2023-09-24 |title=RDX OTT Release: Shane Nigam, Neeraj Madhav, Antony Varghese starrer out on Netflix |url=https://newsable.asianetnews.com/entertainment/rdx-ott-release-shane-nigam-neeraj-madhav-antony-varghese-starrer-out-on-netflix-rkn-s1hgq8 |access-date=2023-09-24 |website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd |language=en |archive-date=28 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928112027/https://newsable.asianetnews.com/entertainment/rdx-ott-release-shane-nigam-neeraj-madhav-antony-varghese-starrer-out-on-netflix-rkn-s1hgq8 |url-status=live}}</ref>

== Reception ==

=== Critical response ===
''RDX'' received positive reviews from critics.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/rdx-twitter-review-netizens-call-it-an-explosive-addition-to-the-2023-onam-festivities/articleshow/103062295.cms |title='RDX' Twitter review: Netizens call it an explosive addition to the 2023 Onam festivities |website=The Times of India |date=25 August 2023 |access-date=28 September 2023 |archive-date=28 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928112527/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/rdx-twitter-review-netizens-call-it-an-explosive-addition-to-the-2023-onam-festivities/articleshow/103062295.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live}}</ref>

Anjana George of ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave 3.5/5 stars and wrote "Overall, there's nothing that surpasses the adrenaline rush of action cinema. Have a holidays filled with action-packed excitement."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movie-reviews/rdx/movie-review/103106008.cms |title=RDX Movie Review: Adeptly combined action & emotion |website=The Times of India |access-date=31 August 2023 |archive-date=28 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928112530/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movie-reviews/rdx/movie-review/103106008.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live}}</ref> Sanjith Sidhardhan of ''[[OTTplay]]'' gave 3.5/5 stars and wrote "Each of these sequences is mounted on a big scale or at least has a novel aspect to it, keeping the audience hooked. The makers of ''RDX'' made no other claims other than it's an action-packed film and they deliver on that promise."<ref>{{cite web |last=Sidhardhan |first=Sanjith |date=2023-08-25 |title=RDX movie review: Shane Nigam, Antony Varghese's film rides high on pulsating action scenes |url=https://www.ottplay.com/review/rdx-movie-review-shane-nigam-antony-vargheses-film-rides-high-on-pulsating-action-scenes/2019ace773644 |access-date=2023-08-25 |website=OTTplay |language=en |archive-date=25 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230825075156/https://www.ottplay.com/review/rdx-movie-review-shane-nigam-antony-vargheses-film-rides-high-on-pulsating-action-scenes/2019ace773644 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Anandu Suresh of ''[[The Indian Express]]'' gave 3.5/5 stars and wrote "''RDX'' serves as the gift that Malayalam audiences have longed for — a theatrical entertainment that matches the electrifying experiences found in other languages."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Suresh |first=Anandu |date=2023-08-25 |title=RDX movie review: An explosive mass actioner that fully lives up to its title |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/rdx-movie-review-an-explosive-mass-actioner-that-fully-lives-up-to-its-title-8909031/ |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=25 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230825105408/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/rdx-movie-review-an-explosive-mass-actioner-that-fully-lives-up-to-its-title-8909031/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Vignesh Madhu of ''[[Cinema Express]]'' gave 3.5/5 stars and wrote "''RDX'' relies on such familiar moments to create a rousing experience. The film also smartly overcomes the redundancy in the fights by placing the action sequences in different locations—open grounds, a massive carnival field, passenger boat and a thickly populated colony."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Madhu |first=Vignesh |date=2023-08-25 |title=RDX Movie Review: Explosive action lights up this otherwise generic film |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/review/2023/aug/25/rdx-movie-review-explosive-action-lights-up-this-otherwise-generic-film-46972.html |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en |archive-date=26 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230826023146/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/review/2023/aug/25/rdx-movie-review-explosive-action-lights-up-this-otherwise-generic-film-46972.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

Princy Alexander of ''[[Onmanorama]]'' wrote "The stunts by Anbariv and Irfan Khan elevate the film's quality. Yet, it's the actors who deserve credit, having executed punches and kicks with finesse. In conclusion, the film will likely resonate more with audiences seeking a cinematic experience with high-octane and high-voltage fight sequences this Onam season."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Alexander |first=Princy |date=2023-08-25 |title=RDX: A treat for those who love plenty of action |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/2023/08/25/robert-dony-xavier-rdx-movie-fight-sequences-action-thriller.html |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=OnManorama |language=en |archive-date=25 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230825105421/https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/2023/08/25/robert-dony-xavier-rdx-movie-fight-sequences-action-thriller.html |url-status=live}}</ref> S. R. Praveen of ''[[The Hindu]]'' wrote "''RDX'' certainly lacks the technical flair or finesse of these films, but it makes up for it in having a bare-minimum story, which gives the audience the emotional need to root for the three, and in having some pulsating action sequences courtesy the action choreographer duo Anbariv."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Praveen |first=S. R. |date=2023-08-25 |title='RDX' movie review: Delivers no-holds barred action, and nothing more |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/rdx-movie-review-delivers-no-holds-barred-action-and-nothing-more/article67234874.ece |access-date=2023-08-26 |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=25 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230825133058/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/rdx-movie-review-delivers-no-holds-barred-action-and-nothing-more/article67234874.ece |url-status=live}}</ref> Akilan Nagarajan of the ''[[Film Companion]]'' wrote "A generic action film that doesn't go beyond its self-imposed mass-entertainer image. ''RDX'' will still find its audience because this can seem like exactly what they need at the moment, but they sure deserve better."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nagarajan |first=Akilan |date=2023-08-25 |title=RDX Review: A Generic Action Film That Doesn't Go Beyond Its Self-Imposed Mass-Entertainer Image |url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/reviews/malayalam-review/rdx-review-a-generic-action-film-that-doesnt-go-beyond-its-self-imposed-mass-entertainer-image-shane-nigam-malayalam-movie |access-date=2023-11-19 |website=filmcompanion.in |language=en}}</ref>

=== Box office ===
''RDX'' was a commercial success at the box office, earning over {{INRConvert|80|c}} worldwide, with [[Kerala]] grossing over {{INRConvert|50|c}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title='RDX' box office collection: Shane Nigam starrer mints Rs 80 cr worldwide; Check details |url=https://newsable.asianetnews.com/entertainment/-rdx-box-office-collection-shane-nigam-starrer-mints-rs-80-cr-worldwide-check-details-rkn-s12mju |access-date=2023-09-16 |website=Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd |language=en |archive-date=26 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230926030653/https://newsable.asianetnews.com/entertainment/-rdx-box-office-collection-shane-nigam-starrer-mints-rs-80-cr-worldwide-check-details-rkn-s12mju |url-status=live}}</ref>

The film grossed over {{INRConvert|1|c}} on its first day.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-08-26 |title='RDX' box office collections day 1: Mollywood's action flick crosses Rs 1 crores |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/box-office/rdx-box-office-collections-day-1-mollywoods-action-flick-crosses-rs-1-crores/articleshow/103087983.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-09-07 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=30 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230830154508/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/box-office/rdx-box-office-collections-day-1-mollywoods-action-flick-crosses-rs-1-crores/articleshow/103087983.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live}}</ref> Within three days of its release, it had grossed {{INRConvert|13.80|c}} worldwide, with {{INRConvert|7.70|c}} coming from Kerala and {{INRConvert|6.10|c}} coming from overseas.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-08-29 |title='RDX' box office collections day 3: Shane Nigam's action-packed thriller collects a whopping Rs 13.80 crores in 3 Days |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/box-office/rdx-box-office-collections-day-3-shane-nigams-action-packed-thriller-collects-a-whopping-rs-13-80-crores-in-3-days/articleshow/103166554.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-09-07 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=29 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829131948/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/box-office/rdx-box-office-collections-day-3-shane-nigams-action-packed-thriller-collects-a-whopping-rs-13-80-crores-in-3-days/articleshow/103166554.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live}}</ref> It earned around {{INRConvert|30|c}} on its sixth day.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-08-31 |title='RDX' box office collections day 6: Mollywood's action flick inches close to Rs 30 crores |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/box-office/rdx-box-office-collections-day-6-mollywoods-action-flick-inches-close-to-rs-30-crores/articleshow/103242983.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-09-07 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=7 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230907064011/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/box-office/rdx-box-office-collections-day-6-mollywoods-action-flick-inches-close-to-rs-30-crores/articleshow/103242983.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live}}</ref> The film grossed {{INRConvert|50|c}} at the box office within nine days, making it one of the quickest in [[Malayalam cinema]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-09-03 |title='RDX' Box office collections: Shane Nigam's action flick enters Rs 50 crore club |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/box-office/rdx-box-office-collections-shane-nigams-action-flick-enters-rs-50-crore-club/articleshow/103322264.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-09-07 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=3 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230903144437/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/box-office/rdx-box-office-collections-shane-nigams-action-flick-enters-rs-50-crore-club/articleshow/103322264.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live}}</ref>

''RDX'' grossed {{Usd|33672|link=yes|long=no}} in New Zealand, {{Usd|76332|long=no}} in Australia and {{Usd|1685175|long=no}} in the United Arab Emirates, totaling {{Usd|1795179|long=no}} in international earnings.<ref>{{Cite Box Office Mojo |id=24517458 |title=RDX: Robert Dony Xavier |access-date=16 November 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite The Numbers |id=RDX-Robert-Dony-Xaxier-(2023-India) |title=RDX: Robert Dony Xavier |access-date=16 November 2023}}</ref>

==Controversies ==

'''<big>Director Nahas Hidayath and producer Sophia Paul</big>'''

The producers and director Nahas have been involved in a dispute over a breach of contract. The producers allege that Hidayath quit the project after receiving an advance payment of Rs 40 lakh and an agreement to work on a second film. Hidayath denies the allegations, claiming that he was considering other opportunities and that no formal contract was signed.

'''<big>Ban of Shane Nigam</big>'''

Nigam was banned by the Kerala Film Producers Association and FEFKA after complaints from the producers. The producers alleged that Nigam was indisciplined and caused financial loss by walking off set. Nigam wrote a letter to the [[Association of Malayalam Movie Artists|Association of Malayalam Movie Artists (AMMA)]] denying the allegations, claiming that the producers misbehaved with his mother and provided him with a dirty caravan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shane Nigam and Shreenath Bhasi Face ban from Industry |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/actors-shane-nigam-and-sreenath-bhasi-banned-by-fefka-and-kerala-film-producers-association/articleshow/99779099.cms |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

== Accolades ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Award
!Category
!Recipient
!Ref.
|-
| rowspan="2" |2023
| rowspan="2" |[[Kerala Film Critics Association Awards]]
| [[Kerala Film Critics Association Award for Best Popular Film|Best Popular Film]]
| [[Nahas Hidhayath]]
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite news |title=Kerala Film Critics Awards announced, Aattam adjudged best film |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/kerala-film-critics-awards-announced-aattam-adjudged-best-film/article68168365.ece |newspaper=The Hindu |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| [[Kerala Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]
| [[Shane Nigam]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |2024
| rowspan="2" |[[69th Filmfare Awards South|Filmfare Awards South]]
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer – Malayalam|Best Male Playback Singer – Malayalam]]
| [[Kapil Kapilan]] – "Neela Nilave"
|
|-
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director – Malayalam|Best Music Director – Malayalam]]
| [[Sam C. S.]]
|
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes}}

[[Category:2023 Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:Indian action drama films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Sam C. S.]]
[[Category:2023 directorial debut films]]
[[Category:2023 films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Kochi]]
[[Category:Indian gangster films]]

M. S. Narasimhan

2026-05-03T16:13:59Z

Garrisonroofing: creating

{{Short description|Indian mathematician (1932–2021)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = M. S. Narasimhan
| image = NarasimhaninBengaluru2010 214.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Narasimhan in 2010
| birth_name = Mudumbai Seshachalu Narasimhan
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1932|6|7|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Tandarai]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|2021|5|15|1932|6|7|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Bangalore]], [[Karnataka]], [[India]]
| field = [[Mathematics]]
| work_institution = Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, [[International Center for Theoretical Physics]]
| alma_mater = [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research]]
| doctoral_advisor = [[K. S. Chandrasekharan]]
| doctoral_students = {{Plainlist|
* [[M. S. Raghunathan]]
* [[S. Ramanan]]
* [[V. K. Patodi]]
* [[T. R. Ramadas]]
}}
| spouse = [[Sakuntala Narasimhan]]
| children = 2 (including [[Shobhana Narasimhan|Shobhana]])
}}

'''Mudumbai Seshachalu Narasimhan''' {{small|[[Fellow of the Royal Society|FRS]]}} (7 June 1932 – 15 May 2021) was an Indian [[mathematician]]. His focus areas included [[number theory]], [[algebraic geometry]], [[representation theory]], and [[partial differential equation]]s. He was a pioneer in the study of [[moduli space]]s of [[holomorphic vector bundle]]s on [[Projective variety|projective varieties]]. His work is considered the foundation for [[Kobayashi–Hitchin correspondence]] that links [[differential geometry]] and algebraic geometry of [[vector bundle]]s over [[complex manifold]]s. He was also known for his collaboration with mathematician [[C. S. Seshadri]], for their proof of the [[Narasimhan–Seshadri theorem]] which proved the necessary conditions for [[stable vector bundle]]s on a [[Riemann surface]].

He was a recipient of the [[Padma Bhushan]], India's third highest civilian honor, in 1990, and the [[Ordre national du Mérite]] from France in 1989. He was an elected Fellow of the [[Royal Society]], London. He was also the recipient of [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology|Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize]] in 1975 and was the only Indian to receive the [[King Faisal International Prize]] in the field of science.

== Early life ==
Narasimhan was born on 7 June 1932 into a rural family in [[Tandarai]] in present day Tamil Nadu, as the eldest among five children.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=A Versatile Ace at Bridge Building – Bhāvanā|url=https://bhavana.org.in/ms-narasimhan/|access-date=20 May 2021|language=en-US}}</ref> His family hailed from the [[North Arcot]] district. After his early education in rural part of the country, he joined [[Loyola College, Chennai|Loyola College]] in Madras for his undergraduate education. Here he studied under Father Charles Racine, a French Jesuit professor, who in turn had studied under the French mathematician and [[geometer]] [[Élie Cartan]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Ramanan|first=S.|title=Asia Pacific Math News – M. S. Narasimhan|url=http://www.asiapacific-mathnews.com/03/0302/0021_0024.pdf}}</ref> He joined the [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research]] (TIFR), [[Bombay]], for his graduate studies in 1953. He obtained his Ph.D. from the [[University of Mumbai]] in 1960 where his advisor was the mathematician [[K. S. Chandrasekharan]], who was known for his work on number theory.<ref name=":1" />

== Career ==
Narasimhan started his career in 1960 when he joined the faculty of the [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research]] (TIFR); he later went on to become an honorary fellow.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=TIFR – M. S. Narasimhan Obituary|url=http://www.math.tifr.res.in/sites/default/files/misc/MSN-obituary.pdf}}</ref> His areas of focus while at TIFR included studying [[partial differential operator]]s and [[elliptic operator]]s.<ref name=":1" /> During this time, he visited France under the invitation of [[Laurent Schwartz]] and was exposed to the works of other French mathematicians including [[Jean-Pierre Serre]], [[Claude Chevalley]], [[Élie Cartan]], and [[Jean Leray]].<ref name=":1" /> He contracted [[pleurisy]] during his time in France and was hospitalized. He would later recount the incident as exposing him to the "real France" and further strengthening his [[left-wing politics|leftist]] sympathies which were already triggered by his interactions with the [[Trotskyist]] Schwartz.<ref name=":1" />

During his time in France he also collaborated with Japanese mathematician [[Takeshi Kotake]] working on the analyticity theorems for determining specific types of [[elliptic operator]]s that satisfied [[Cauchy–Schwarz inequality|Cauchy–Schwarz inequalities]]. His work with Kotake was known as the [[Kotake–Narasimhan]] theorem for elliptic operators in the setting of ultradifferentiable functions.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Boiti|first1=Chiara|last2=Jornet|first2=David|date=1 June 2017|title=A simple proof of Kotake-Narasimhan theorem in some classes of ultradifferentiable functions|journal=Journal of Pseudo-Differential Operators and Applications|volume=8|issue=2|pages=297–317|doi=10.1007/s11868-016-0163-y|arxiv=1604.03932|hdl=10251/107404|s2cid=50378672|issn=1662-9981}}</ref>

He collaborated with Indian mathematician [[C. S. Seshadri]] for the ground-breaking [[Narasimhan–Seshadri theorem]] which has been at the core of algebraic geometry and number theory for over half a century.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last1=Narasimhan|first1=M. S.|last2=Seshadri|first2=C. S.|date=1 November 1965|title=Stable and Unitary Vector Bundles on a Compact Riemann Surface|journal=The Annals of Mathematics|volume=82|issue=3|pages=540|doi=10.2307/1970710|jstor=1970710}}</ref> The theorem derived the relation between the purely algebraic notion of [[Stable bundle|stable vector bundles]] on [[Riemann surface]]s.<ref name=":2" /> The theorem made a connection between two areas of modern geometry viz. [[differential geometry]] and [[algebraic geometry]].<ref name=":4" /> Both Seshadri and Narasimhan were elected [[Fellow of the Royal Society|Fellows of the Royal Society]] for their work on this topic. He also collaborated with mathematician [[R. R. Simha]] on proving the existence of moduli of general type complex structures on a real [[analytic manifold]]. These measures were called [[Simha – Narasimhan measures|Simha–Narasimhan measures]] on [[Riemann surface]]s.<ref>{{cite arXiv|last=Shivaprasad|first=Sanal|date=29 November 2020|title=Convergence of Narasimhan-Simha measures on degenerating families of Riemann surfaces|class=math.AG|eprint=2011.14471}}</ref>

For his work, Narasimhan was considered a pioneer in the study of [[moduli space]]s of [[holomorphic vector bundle]]s on [[Projective variety|projective varieties]].<ref name=":3" /> His work is considered the foundation for [[Kobayashi–Hitchin correspondence]] that links [[differential geometry]] and [[algebraic geometry]] of [[vector bundle]]s over [[complex manifold]]s.<ref name=":3" />

When the National Board of Higher Mathematics was established in India, Narasimhan was the first chairman of the board.<ref name=":1" /> In 1992, Narasimhan retired from TIFR, and became the head of the research group in Mathematics at the [[International Centre for Theoretical Physics]] in [[Trieste]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":4" /> He had also served as a visiting scholar at the [[Institute for Advanced Study]], in [[Princeton, New Jersey]] in 1968.<ref name="ias">{{cite web|title=Community of Scholars Profile: Narasimhan, Mudumbai S.|url=http://www.ias.edu/people/cos/users/mnarasimha01|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130107174137/http://www.ias.edu/people/cos/users/mnarasimha01|archive-date=7 January 2013|access-date=27 September 2012|publisher=[[Institute for Advanced Study]]}}</ref> After retiring from ICTP, he settled in [[Bangalore]].<ref name=":4" />

He was a [[Fellowship of the Royal Society|Fellow of the Royal Society]], London as well as recipient of [[National Order of Merit (France)|French National Order of Merit]] in 1989.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ICTP - In Memoriam|url=https://www.ictp.it/about-ictp/media-centre/news/2021/5/in-memoriam-narasimhan.aspx|access-date=20 May 2021|website=www.ictp.it}}</ref> He was awarded the [[Padma Bhushan]], India's third highest civilian honor, in 1990.<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web|date=2015|title=Padma Awards|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf|archive-date=15 October 2015|access-date=21 July 2015|publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India}}</ref> He was also the recipient of the [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize]] in 1975, [[TWAS Prize|Third World Academy of Sciences Prize]] for Mathematics in 1987, and the [[Srinivasa Ramanujan Medal]] in 1988.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Malhotra|first=Richa|date=2010|title=Mathematicians speak|journal=Current Science|volume=99|issue=3|pages=38–46|jstor=24108278|issn=0011-3891}}</ref> He was also the recipient of the [[King Faisal International Prize for Science]] in 2006, an award that he won jointly with mathematician [[Simon Donaldson]], Imperial College.<ref name=":3">*[https://www.ams.org/notices/200603/comm-faisal.pdf Donaldson and Narasimhan Receive 2006 King Faisal Prize] - [[Notices of the American Mathematical Society]], March 2006, Volume 53, Number 3.</ref><ref name="Padma Awards" /><ref name="Prizes and Awards">{{Cite web|date=2016|title=Prizes and Awards|url=http://twas.org/opportunities/prizes-and-awards|publisher=The World Academy of Sciences}}</ref> As of 2021, he was the only Indian to have won the King Faisal International Prize for Science.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Khan|first=Sameen Ahmed|date=2017|title=2017 King Faisal International Prize for Science and Medicine|journal=Current Science|volume=112|issue=6|pages=1088–1090|jstor=24912623|issn=0011-3891}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=King Faisal Prize {{!}} Science|url=https://kingfaisalprize.org/science/|access-date=20 May 2021|language=en-US}}</ref> Also in 2021, he became a laureate of the [[Asian Scientist 100]] by the ''[[Asian Scientist]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.asianscientist.com/as100/ |title=The Asian Scientist 100 |author=  |date= |website= |publisher= [[Asian Scientist]] |access-date= 13 March 2025 |quote= |language= }}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Narasimhan was married to [[Sakuntala Narasimhan]], a classical musician, journalist and a consumer rights activist. The couple had a daughter, [[Shobhana Narasimhan]], a scientist and professor at [[Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research]], and a son.<ref name=":4" /> Narasimhan was interested in [[Indian classical music]], contemporary art and painting, as well as [[Tamil literature]].<ref name=":1" />

Narasimhan died on 15 May 2021, in [[Bangalore]] at the age of 88. He had been undergoing treatment for [[cancer]] for the previous year.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=PM Modi condoles demise of mathematician MS Narasimhan|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/pm-modi-condoles-demise-of-mathematician-ms-narasimhan20210516125411/|access-date=17 May 2021|website=ANI News|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4" />

==Selected publications==
* {{Cite book | last1=Narasimhan | first1=M. S. | editor1-last=Nitsure | editor1-first=Nitin | title=The Collected Papers of M. S. Narasimhan |volume=I: 1956–1984; Volume II: 1985–2001 | publisher=Hindustan Book Agency and Indian National Science Academy | isbn=978-81-85931-77-7 | year=2007}}
* {{cite journal
| last1= Narasimhan|first1= M. S.|author2-link=C. S. Seshadri|last2=Seshadri|first2= C. S.
| title = Stable and unitary vector bundles on a compact Riemann surface
| journal = [[Annals of Mathematics]]
| volume = 82
| year = 1965
|issue= 3| pages = 540–567
| doi = 10.2307/1970710
|jstor= 1970710| mr=0184252
}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
*{{cite journal |date=August 2022 | title = Remembering M. S. Narasimhan (1932–2021) | journal = [[Notices of the American Mathematical Society]] | volume = 69 | issue = 7 | pages = 1189–1203 | url = https://www.ams.org/journals/notices/202207/rnoti-p1189.pdf |doi = 10.1090/noti2512| doi-access = free| last1 = Beauville | first1 = Arnaud | last2 = García-Prada | first2 = Oscar | last3 = Hitchin | first3 = Nigel | last4 = Khare | first4 = Chandrashekhar | last5 = Kumar | first5 = Shrawan | last6 = Lange | first6 = Herbert | last7 = Nitsure | first7 = Nitin | last8 = Raghunathan | first8 = M. S. | last9 = Ramadas | first9 = T. R. | last10 = Ramanan | first10 = S. }}
* [http://www.iisc.ernet.in/currsci/aug252003/526.pdf Artless innocents and ivory-tower sophisticates: Some personalities on the Indian mathematical scene]—[[M. S. Raghunathan]]
* {{MathGenealogy|id=35413}}

{{SSBPST recipients in Mathematical Science}}
{{PadmaBhushanAwardRecipients 1990–99}}
{{Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Laureates of Karnataka}}
{{FRS 1996}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Narasimhan, M. S.}}
[[Category:1932 births]]
[[Category:2021 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian mathematicians]]
[[Category:Algebraic geometers]]
[[Category:Differential geometers]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:Institute for Advanced Study visiting scholars]]
[[Category:Narasimhan family]]
[[Category:People from Kanchipuram district]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in science & engineering]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award in Mathematical Science]]
[[Category:Scientists from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Tamil scholars]]
[[Category:Tata Institute of Fundamental Research alumni]]
[[Category:TWAS laureates]]
[[Category:University of Madras alumni]]

Samarjit Lankesh

2026-05-02T14:48:37Z

Garrisonroofing: adding new info basic info

{{Short description|Indian actor}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Samarjit Lankesh
| image = Samarjit by Rudhra Varma.jpg
| caption = Lankesh in 2025
| birth_place = [[Bengaluru]], [[Karnataka]], India
| occupation = Actor
| years_active = 2012{{endash}}present
| height =
| mother =
| father = [[Indrajit Lankesh]]
}}

'''Samarjit Lankesh''' is an Indian actor who primarily works in [[Kannada cinema|Kannada films]]. He made his lead adult acting debut in the action drama [[Gowri (2024 film)|''Gowri'']] (2024).<ref>{{Cite news |last=M.V |first=Vivek |date=2024-08-16 |title='Gowri' movie review: Samarjit Lankesh's launchpad squanders its potential |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/gowri-movie-review-samarjit-lankeshs-launchpad-squanders-its-potential/article68532098.ece |access-date=2024-12-20 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== Early life ==
Born into a family with a cinematic and literary heritage, he is the son of director and producer [[Indrajit Lankesh]] and the grandson of writer-filmmaker [[P. Lankesh]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-08-12 |title=Samarjit Lankesh: Playing a lead role carries more responsibility |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/samarjit-lankesh-playing-a-lead-role-carries-more-responsibility/articleshow/112444256.cms?utm_source=chatgpt.com |access-date=2024-12-20 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-08-10 |title=I am glad that Samarjit is carrying forward my father's legacy: Indrajit Lankesh |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/i-am-glad-that-samarjit-is-carrying-forward-my-fathers-legacy-indrajit-lankesh/articleshow/112403350.cms |access-date=2024-12-20 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref name="N">{{Cite web |last=Sharadhaa |first=A. |date=2023-08-14 |title=Kannada filmmaker Indrajit Lankesh to direct son Samarjit's debut film |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2023/Aug/14/kannada-filmmaker-indrajit-lankeshto-direct-son-samarjits-debut-film-2604973.html |access-date=2024-12-20 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> whose works are considered seminal in modern Kannada literature.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Khajane |first=Muralidhara |date=2023-01-25 |title=P Lankesh, a sceptic and saint who ploughed a lonely furrow |url=https://thesouthfirst.com/karnataka/p-lankesh-a-sceptic-and-saint-who-ploughed-a-lonely-furrow/ |access-date=2024-12-20 |website=The South First |language=en}}</ref> He is nephew of [[Gauri Lankesh]] and [[Kavitha Lankesh]].<ref name="The Times of India">{{Cite news |date=2023-08-19 |title=Movies were always on my mind: Samarjit Lankesh |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/movies-were-always-on-my-mind-samarjit-lankesh/articleshow/102836338.cms |access-date=2024-12-20 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

He later pursued theatre studies and received training in acting and filmmaking from an institute in New York, equipping him with a foundation for his career in the entertainment industry.<ref name="The Times of India"/><ref name="N"/>

== Career ==
He started his career in films playing one of the leads in the bilingual film ''[[Summer Holidays]]'' as a child.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-08-03 |title=Kavitha Lankesh's 'Summer Holidays' hits the screens |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/kavitha-lankeshs-summer-holidays-hits-the-screens/articleshow/65260284.cms |access-date=2024-12-20 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharadhaa |first=A. |date=2018-07-30 |title=I would rather work with children than any big star: Kavitha Lankesh |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2018/Jul/30/i-would-rather-work-with-children-than-any-big-star-kavitha-lankesh-1850362.html |access-date=2024-12-20 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> In 2024, Samarjit made his acting debut as lead in the Kannada film [[Gowri (2024 film)|''Gowri'']], directed by his father, [[Indrajit Lankesh]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-08-14 |title=Working with Samarjit has been a learning process for me: Indrajit Lankesh |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/working-with-samarjit-has-been-a-learning-process-for-me-indrajit-lankesh/articleshow/112496963.cms |access-date=2024-12-20 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharadhaa |first=A. |date=2024-08-20 |title='Gowri' movie review: A charming Samarjit Lankesh shoulders this heartfelt commercial entertainer |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2024/Aug/20/gowri-movie-review-a-charming-samarjit-lankesh-shoulders-this-heartfelt-commercial-entertainer |access-date=2024-12-20 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

His major breakthrough came with a prominent role in the film [[Vrusshabha|Vrushabha]], a fantasy period drama starring [[Mohanlal]] and directed by Nanda Kishore.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-12-28 |title=Vrusshabha box office collection day 3: Mohanlal's 'epic' disaster grosses just 1/56th of its budget; fares worse than Barroz, Monster |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/vrusshabha-box-office-collection-mohanlal-film-grosses-just-1-56th-of-its-budget-10443381/ |access-date=2026-04-29 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

Samarjit Lankesh is preparing for another pan-India film under a major production banner, where he will take on a lead role alongside some of the industry's top stars.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-26 |title=Is Samarjit Lankesh part of a Dharma project? - Pune Times Mirror |url=https://punemirror.com/entertainment/bollywood/is-samarjit-lankesh-part-of-a-dharma-project/ |access-date=2026-05-02 |language=en-US}}</ref>
== Filmography ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Language
! Notes
|-
|2012
|''[[Dev Son of Mudde Gowda ]]''
|Young Dev
|rowspan="2"|[[Kannada]]
| rowspan="2" |Child actor; uncredited
|-
|2015
|''[[Luv U Alia]]''
|Boy in elevator
|-
|2018
|''[[Summer Holidays]]''
|Unnamed
|[[English language|English]] [[Kannada]]
|Child actor
|-
| 2024 || ''[[Gowri (2024 film)|Gowri]]'' || Raja and Gowri || [[Kannada]] ||[[SIIMA Award for Best Male Debut – Kannada]] [[Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut – South]]
|-
| 2025 || ''[[Vrusshabha]]'' || Hayagreeva and Tej Varma || [[Malayalam]] [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
|
|-
|}

== Awards and achievements ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Year.
!Awards and Awrad Category
!Film
!Ref.
|-
|2024
|Lumiere National Award for Best Emerging Actor
|Gowri
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Service |first=Express News |date=2024-09-25 |title=Samarjit Lankesh sparks interest from Lyca Productions |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2024/Sep/25/samarjit-lankesh-sparks-interest-from-lyca-productions |access-date=2026-05-02 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2025
|[[Filmfare Awards South|Filmfare Award]] for Best Debut Actor
|Gowri
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-02-25 |script-title=kn:ಫಿಲ್ಮ್ಫೇರ್: ಲಂಕೇಶ್, ಇಂದ್ರಜಿತ್ ಬಳಿಕ ಸಮರ್ಜಿತ್ಗೂ ಒಲಿದ ಪ್ರತಿಷ್ಠಿತ ಪ್ರಶಸ್ತಿ |url=https://tv9kannada.com/entertainment/sandalwood/samarjit-lankesh-gets-best-debut-actor-filmfare-award-for-gowri-movie-1153248.html |access-date=2026-05-02 |website=TV9 Kannada |language=kn}}</ref>
|-
|2025
|Raghavendra Chitravani Award for Best Emerging Actor
|Gowri
|<ref>{{Cite news |author=Y Maheswara Reddy |date=January 28, 2025 |title='Subsidies, awards for movies to be sanctioned soon' |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/subsidies-awards-for-movies-to-be-sanctioned-soon/articleshow/117612298.cms |access-date=2026-05-02 |newspaper=Bangalore Mirror |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2025
|[[South Indian International Movie Awards|SIIMA Award]] for Best Debutant Actor
|Gowri
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Team |first=InsightRush |date=2025-09-07 |title=Samarjit Lankesh Shines at SAIMA Awards, Wins Best Debut Actor for 'Gauri'..! |url=https://www.insightrush.news/article/68bd4e3f5ee50179a346f23c |access-date=2026-05-02 |website=InsightRush |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2025
|Journalists Critics Award for Best Debut Actor
|Gowri
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fb |last2=Tw |last3=Linkdin |last4=Whatsapp |title=ಬೆಸ್ಟ್ ಆ್ಯಕ್ಟರ್ ಪ್ರಶಸ್ತಿ ಪಡೆದ ನಿರ್ದೇಶಕ ಇಂದ್ರಜಿತ್ ಪುತ್ರ ಸಮರ್ಜಿತ್ ಲಂಕೇಶ್ |url=https://kannada.asianetnews.com/gallery/sandalwood/director-indrajit-lankesh-son-samarjit-lankesh-wins-best-actor-award-sqwe0c |access-date=2026-05-02 |website=Asianet Suvarna News |language=kn}}</ref>
|-
|2025
|Chittara Film Awards for Best Debut Actor
|Gowri
|
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|name=Samarjit Langesh|id=15160867}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lankesh, Samarjit}}
[[Category:Indian actors]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Kannada male actors]]
[[Category:Male actors in Kannada cinema]]
[[Category:Male actors in Telugu cinema]]
[[Category:Male actors in Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Male actors from Bengaluru]]
[[Category:South Indian International Movie Awards winners]]
[[Category:Filmfare Awards South winners]]

Daudpotra

2026-05-01T07:36:44Z

Garrisonroofing: put up a article

{{Short description|Muslim clan found in Pakistan}}
'''Daudpotra''' (alternatively '''Daudpota''' or '''Daudputra'''; literally "Sons of Daud") is a [[Muslim]] clan originating from [[Sindh]], found in south [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]] and north-western [[Sindh]] provinces of Pakistan.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Madhav |first1=Karki |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CyJTDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA178 |title=Knowing our lands and resources: indigenous and local knowledge and practices related to biodiversity and ecosystem services in Asia |last2=Rosemary |first2=Hill |last3=Xue |first3=Dayuan |last4=Wilfredo |first4=Alangui |last5=Kaoru |first5=Ichikawa |last6=Peter |first6=Bridgewater |date=2017-12-31 |publisher=UNESCO Publishing |isbn=978-92-3-100266-3 |pages=178 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fid4sa-repository.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/3438/|title= Cultural Expressions of South Punjab|website=FID4SA Repository|date= 2015|doi= 10.11588/xarep.00003438|last1= Vandal|first1= Sajida Haidar}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gilmartin |first1=David |title=The Setting: The Indus Basin |journal=Blood and Water: The Indus River Basin in Modern History |date=5 June 2015 |page=22 |doi=10.1525/9780520960831-004 |url=https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520960831-004 |publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley |isbn=978-0-520-96083-1 |language=en |quote=The founders of the new Bahawalpur state in the eighteenth century were part of a warrior clan from Shikarpur in Sind..|url-access=subscription }}</ref> The [[Nawab of Bahawalpur|Nawabs of Bahawalpur]] belonged to this clan.<ref name=a>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bzu.edu.pk/PJSS/Vol34No22014/PJSS-Vol34-No2-06.pdf|title=History of Bahawalpur State and its Culture|website=Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences (PJSS)|access-date=2023-07-08|archive-date=2024-12-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241215164333/https://www.bzu.edu.pk/PJSS/Vol34No22014/PJSS-Vol34-No2-06.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== History ==
The Daudpotra were considered a powerful tribe in the 17th century lower Sindh.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Haig |first1=T.W |last2=Ansari |first2=Sarah |last3=Bosworth |first3=C.E |last4=Shackle |first4=C |last5=Crowe |first5=Yolande |title=Sind |journal=Encyclopaedia of Islam New Edition Online |doi=10.1163/1573-3912_islam_com_1083 |url=https://doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_1083 |publisher=Brill |language=en|url-access=subscription }}</ref> They are closely related to the [[Kalhora]] tribe, with both claiming descent from [[Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib]], a paternal uncle and [[Companions of the Prophet|sahabi]] (companion) of the [[Islamic prophet]] [[Muhammad]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bazmee Ansari |first1=A.S |title=Dāwūdpōtrās |journal=Encyclopaedia of Islam New Edition Online |date=2012 |doi=10.1163/1573-3912_islam_sim_1762 |url=https://doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_1762 |publisher=Brill |language=en|url-access=subscription }}</ref> [[André Wink]] considers their progenitor, Daud, to be a [[Julaha]] from [[Jats|Jat]] community.<ref>{{Cite book |chapter=The Rise of Islam in the Indus Borderlands|last=Wink |first=André |chapter-url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Al_Hind_The_Making_of_the_Indo_Islamic_W/otBJEQAAQBAJ?hl=en |title= The Age of the Great Mughals, 16th–17th Centuries. Part Two: The Rise of Islam from the Indus to the Malay-Indonesian Archipelago |date=2025 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-72921-6 |series=Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World |volume=IV |location=Leiden |pages=100 |language=en}}</ref> The city of [[Shikarpur, Sindh|Shikarpur]] in Sindh was founded in 1617 A.D. by the Daudpotra after a battle with [[Mahar (tribe)|Mahars]] and they remained the [[Jagirdar]]s and later rulers of Shikarpur for almost 128 years with breaks in between. Their rule was contested by their cousins, the Kalhoras. In 1739, [[Nader Shah]] reinstated Daudpotra rule in [[Sehwan]] and Shikarpur. In 1747, their rule in Shikarpur ended and during the absence of Sadiq Khan{{efn|The last ruler of Shikarpur.}} from Shikarpur, he laid the foundations of a new state with support from the [[Nawab]] of [[Multan]] and the [[Sheikh]] of [[Uch]]. The Daudpotra were granted [[jagir]]s by them in the areas that later formed the [[Bahawalpur (princely state)|Bahawalpur state]], established by Bahawal Khan, the son of Sadiq Khan. After the death of his father he renounced all claims on Shikarpur.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Naeem |first1=Anila |title=Urban Traditions and Historic Environments in Sindh |date=5 April 2017 |publisher=Amsterdam University Press |isbn=9789048531257 |pages=28–29 |url=https://doi.org/10.1515/9789048531257-005 |chapter=Shikarpoor Historic Town. Introduction, Background and Development|doi=10.1515/9789048531257-005 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Khlaid |first1=Samia |title=WOMEN OF BAHAWALPUR STATE DURING THE NINETEENTH CENTURY: A SOCIO-ECONOMIC STUDY |journal=Pakistan Journal of Women's Studies: Alam-e-Niswan |date=1 June 2017 |volume=24 |issue=1 |page=2 |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A512868803/AONE? |language=English}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Khan |first1=A.Z |title=S̲h̲ikārpūr |journal=Encyclopaedia of Islam New Edition Online (EI-2 English) |date=2012 |doi=10.1163/1573-3912_islam_sim_6940 |url=https://doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_6940 |publisher=Brill |language=en|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

== Notable people ==

* [[Umar Bin Muhammad Daudpota]]
* [[Azim Daudpota]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Sindhi tribes]]
[[Category:Surnames]]

{{Sindhi tribes}}

{{Pakistan-ethno-stub}}

Trinamool Congress

2026-05-01T04:46:32Z

Garrisonroofing: added formatting for clarity

{{short description|Political party in India}}
{{pp-semi|small=yes}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox Indian political party
|logo = File:All India Trinamool Congress logo (3).svg{{!}}class=skin-invert
|logo_size = 220px
|abbreviation = AITC (official) TMC (alternatives)
|colorcode = {{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|chairperson = [[Mamata Banerjee]] {{small|([[List of chief ministers of West Bengal|CM of West Bengal]])}}
|general_secretary = [[Abhishek Banerjee (politician)|Abhishek Banerjee]]
|loksabha_leader = [[Abhishek Banerjee (politician)|Abhishek Banerjee]]
|rajyasabha_leader = [[Derek O'Brien (politician)|Derek O' Brien]]
|ppchairman = [[Sudip Bandyopadhyay]]
|foundation = {{Start date and age|df=yes|p=y|1998|1|1}}
|founder = [[Mamata Banerjee]]
|split = {{nowrap|[[Indian National Congress]]}}
|headquarters = 30B Harish Chatterjee Street, Kolkata 700026
|publication = ''[[Jago Bangla]]'' ([[Bengali language|Bengali]])
|youth = [[Trinamool Youth Congress]]
|students = [[Trinamool Chaatra Parishad]]
|women = [[Trinamool Mahila Congress]]
|labour = [[Indian National Trinamool Trade Union Congress]]
|peasants = [[Trinamool Kisan Khet Majdur Congress]]
|ideology = {{ubl|class=nowrap|
|[[Bengali nationalism]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.thewire.in/article/politics/tmcs-bengali-regionalism-is-distinct-and-deeply-political|title=TMC’s Bengali Regionalism Is Distinct and Deeply Political|publisher=The Wire|date=16 March 2026|access-date=20 March 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Bengali pride,sub-nationalism emerge as rallying points in West Bengal assembly polls |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/east-and-northeast/bengali-pride-sub-nationalism-emerge-as-rallying-points-in-west-bengal-assembly-polls-965345.html |newspaper=[[Deccan Herald]] |date=23 March 2021 |quote="This is for the first time we have made Bengali pride our main poll plank. Bengali pride is not just about Bengalis; it appeals to all sons of the soil," senior TMC leader and MP Sougata Roy told PTI."}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The Bengali card: Is Mamata trying to give TMC a new ideological core?|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/news-analysis/story/mamata-banerjee-bengal-polls-tmc-bjp-outsiders-1743885-2020-11-25|work=[[India Today]]|date=26 November 2020|quote=The TMC has decided to counter the BJP's Hindutva majoritarian politics by invoking Bengali sub-nationalism ahead of the State Assembly polls. With Mamata Banerjee setting the tone herself, TMC leaders have started attacking the BJP as a party of 'outsiders' trying to mount an assault on Bengalis.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=In Bengal, speak Bengali: Squeezed by BJP's Hindutva, Mamata Banerjee grasps at Bengali nationalism|url=https://scroll.in/article/927157/in-bengal-speak-bengali-squeezed-by-bjps-hindutva-mamata-banerjee-grasps-at-bengali-nationalism|work=[[Scroll.in]]|date=26 June 2019|quote=These crises pushed the Trinamool to declare its Bengali nativist line even more vociferously, hoping that this new narrative will break the party's free fall.}}</ref>
|[[Regionalism (politics)|Regionalism]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chirakkara |first1=Vipin Kumar |title=Rethinking regional politics: Beyond the 2021 West Bengal elections |journal=Asian Journal of Comparative Politics |date=September 2022 |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=507–520 |doi=10.1177/20578911221099076 | issn=2057-8911 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hussain |first1=Md. Iftekhar |last2=Mir |first2=Aijaz Ahmad |title=Party Politics in West Bengal: Historical and Contemporary Dynamics |journal=Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities |date=25 May 2024 |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=50–55 |doi=10.55544/ijrah.4.3.10|doi-access=free }}</ref>
|[[Populism]]<ref>{{cite news |last=Bhaumik |first=Subir |date=13 May 2011 |title=Defeat rocks India's elected communists – Features |work=[[Al Jazeera English]] |url=http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/features/2011/05/2011513143311330487.html |url-status=dead |access-date=16 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005063541/http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/features/2011/05/2011513143311330487.html |archive-date=5 October 2011 |quote=The Congress alliance, led by populist Mamata Banerji, has won elections in the West Bengal state assembly.}}</ref>
|[[Welfare spending|Welfarism]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Debnath |first1=Kunal |last2=Chatterjee |first2=Souvik |title=Populism in Electoral Politics: What We Learnt from the West Bengal Assembly Elections 2021 |date=1 August 2021 |journal=Academia Letters, Article 2855 |ssrn=3905238}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Das |first1=Ritanjan |last2=Nielsen |first2=Kenneth Bo |title=Consolidating a political dynasty: Abhishek Banerjee, the Trinamool Congress, and the 2023 panchayat elections in West Bengal |journal=Contemporary South Asia |date=2 April 2024 |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=194–201 |doi=10.1080/09584935.2023.2296899}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Rameez |first1=Md |title=The development of West Bengal: Contextualizing different strategies adopted by Mamata Banerjee's government |journal=International Journal of Political Science and Governance |date=1 January 2023 |volume=5 |issue=1 |pages=344–347 |doi=10.33545/26646021.2023.v5.i1e.241 |url=https://www.journalofpoliticalscience.com/uploads/archives/5-1-72-529.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Debnath |first1=Kunal |chapter=Welfare Populism and Electoral Politics |title=Encyclopedia of New Populism and Responses in the 21st Century |date=2023 |pages=1–4 |doi=10.1007/978-981-16-9859-0_282-1|isbn=978-981-16-9859-0 }}</ref>
|[[Progressivism]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ellis-Petersen |first1=Hannah |last2=Rahman |first2=Shaikh Azizur |date=26 March 2021 |title='India's soul at stake': Bengalis vote in divisive election |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/mar/26/india-soul-at-stake-west-bengalis-vote-in-divisive-election-modi-bjp |work=The Guardian |access-date=13 June 2024}}</ref>
}}
|position = {{ubl|class=nowrap|[[Centrism|Centre]] to [[Centre-left politics|centre-left]]<ref name="tmc_2">
* {{cite journal|last1=Banerjee|first1=Vasabjit|last2=Bhattacharya|first2=Srobana|last3=Jha|first3=Anand|date=3 July 2017|title=Inequality and Elections: The Nationwide Origins and State-Level Dynamics of India's Maoist Insurgency|journal=Asian Affairs: An American Review|volume=44|issue=3|pages=72–97|doi=10.1080/00927678.2017.1357347|s2cid=158695181|issn=0092-7678|doi-access=free|hdl=2263/64297|hdl-access=free}}
* {{cite journal|last=Ghosh|first=Gautam|date=2015|title=An 'infiltration' of time? Hindu Chauvinism and Bangladeshi migration in/to Kolkata, India|url=https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=289519|journal=Journal of Comparative Research in Anthropology and Sociology|volume=6|issue=1|pages=263–288|issn=2068-0317}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://aitcofficial.org/party-constitution/|title=Constitution of All India Trinamool Congress|publisher=aitcofficial.org|access-date=16 March 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=At 24, Trinamool Congress eyes national stage |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/at-24-trinamool-congress-eyes-national-stage/articleshow/88629814.cms |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389 |agency=PTI |date=1 January 2022 |access-date=10 June 2024}}</ref> |eci=}}
|eci = [[List of political parties in India#State parties|State Party]]<ref>{{cite web|title=NCP, TMC and CPI lose national party status, AAP earns coveted tag Dated 10.04.2023|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/election-commission-withdraws-national-party-status-of-tmc-cpi-2358245-2023-04-10|publisher=India Today|access-date=10 April 2023|location=India|year=2013}}</ref>
|colours = {{Color box|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}} [[Green]]
|alliance = * '''National Alliance''' [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance|I.N.D.I.A.]] (2023–present)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/india-alliance-tmc-cong-break-up-in-bengal-paves-way-for-three-cornered-contest/articleshow/107152611.cms|title=TMC and Congress break up in Bengal in INDIA alliance|newspaper=The Economic Times |date=25 January 2024 }}</ref> 
* '''Regional Alliance''' [[All India Trinamool Congress|AITC+]] ([[West Bengal]]) (2021–present)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/bgpm-to-go-solo-in-assembly-polls-regionalism-first-says-tmc-hill-ally-prnt/cid/2135896|title=BGPM to go solo in Assembly polls: Regionalism first, says TMC hill ally|publisher=The Telegraph|date=3 Dec 2025}}</ref> 
{{hidden|Former Alliances|
*[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]] (1998–2001; 2003–2006)
* TMC+[[Indian National Congress|INC]] (2001)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/cover-story/article30222134.ece|title=Trinamul Congress: Victim of whims|publisher=Frontline The Hindu|date=23 April 2004|access-date=28 March 2026}}</ref>
*[[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]] (2009–2012)}}
|loksabha_seats = {{Composition bar|28|543|hex={{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|rajyasabha_seats = {{Composition bar|13|245|hex={{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|state_seats_name = [[State Legislative Assembly (India)|State Legislative Assemblies]]
|state_seats = {{Composition bar|227|4036|hex= {{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
{{hidden
|Indian states
|headerstyle=background:#ccccff
|style=text-align:center;
|
{{Composition bar|222|294|hex={{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}} ([[West Bengal Legislative Assembly|West Bengal]])
{{composition bar|5|60|hex= {{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}} ([[Meghalaya Legislative Assembly|Meghalaya]])
}}
|no_states = {{Composition bar|1|31|hex={{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|website = {{URL|http://aitcofficial.org/}}
|symbol = [[File:All India Trinamool Congress symbol 2021.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert|100px|center]]
|flag = Flag of the All India Trinamool Congress.png
|slogan=''[[Joy Bangla (slogan)|Joy Bangla]]'' ''[[Khela Hobe]]'' (Electoral Slogan) ''[[Ma Mati Manush]]'' (Political Slogan)}}
{{Mamata Banerjee sidebar}}

The '''Trinamool Congress''' ({{abbr|'''TMC'''}}; {{translation|Grassroots Congress}}), officially the '''All India Trinamool Congress''' ({{abbr|'''AITC'''}}), is an Indian [[political party]] based in the [[Federated state|state]] of [[West Bengal]] founded by [[Mamata Banerjee]] in 1998.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/elections/trinamool-congress-a-timeline-tracing-the-journey-of-the-party|title=Trinamool Congress: A Timeline Tracing The Journey Of The Party|publisher=Outlook India|date=26 March 2024|access-date=3 March 2026}}</ref> TMC began as a [[List of Indian National Congress breakaway parties|breakaway faction]] of the [[Indian National Congress]] and rapidly rose to prominence in the [[politics of West Bengal]] under Banerjee's leadership. Since the [[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2011 West Bengal Leglsiative Assembly elections]], TMC has been the ruling party of West Bengal, with Banerjee serving as [[Chief Minister of West Bengal|Chief Minister]]. As of 2026, it is currently the fourth-largest party in [[Parliament of India|Parliament]] just after the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], [[Indian National Congress]] and the [[Samajwadi Party]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/lok-sabha-elections/parties#google_vignette|title=Lok Sabha Election Party Wise Results|publisher=Times of India|access-date=16 March 2026}}</ref>

== History ==
=== Founding ===
After being a member of the [[Indian National Congress]] (INC) for over 26 years, Mamata Banerjee quit the INC and established the TMC in 1998. The official election symbol of the TMC is ''Jora Ghas Phul'' (two flowers with grass). In the [[1998 Indian general election|1998 Lok Sabha polls]], TMC won seven seats. In the [[1999 Indian general election|next Lok Sabha election]] that was held in 1999, Trinamool Congress won eight seats with BJP, thus increasing its tally by one.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf|title=Statistical Report on General Elections, 1999 to the 13th Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref> In 2000, TMC won the Kolkata Municipal Corporation elections.<ref>{{cite news|date=13 May 2011|title=The fall and rise of Trinamool Congress|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/latest-news/the-fall-and-rise-of-trinamool-congress/|access-date=11 December 2021|work=The Indian Express}}</ref>

The party initially joined the [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]] (NDA), as part of the [[Vajpayee government]], and was initially quite successful, winning seven seats in its [[1998 Indian general election|first election in 1998]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf |title=Statistical Report on General Elections, 1998 to the 12th Lok Sabha |publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref><ref name="IndiaToday">{{cite news |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/assembly-elections-2011/west-bengal/story/trinamool-congress-chief-mamata-banerjee-a-profile-133684-2011-05-12 |title=Mamata, the street-fighting politician and Left nemesis |work=[[India Today]] |date=13 May 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518043559/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/site/story/trinamool-congress-chief-mamata-banerjee-a-profile/1/138015.html |archive-date=18 May 2011 }}</ref> In the 2001 Vidhan Sabha elections, the TMC won 60 seats in alliance with the INC, becoming the principal opposition party.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/SE_2001/StatRept_WB_2001.pdf|title=Key Highlights of General Election, 2001 to the Legislative Assembly of West Bengal |publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref> They suffered big losses in the [[2004 Indian general election|2004 Lok Sabha elections]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/SR_KeyHighLights/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf |title=Statistical Report on General Elections, 2004 to the 14th Lok Sabha|publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref> and the [[2006 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]],<ref name="IndiaToday" /><ref>{{cite news |date=14 May 2004 |title=Why did the NDA lose West Bengal? |website=Rediff |agency=PTI |url=https://www.rediff.com/election/2004/may/14mamata.htm|access-date=28 December 2020}}</ref> and subsequently left the National Democratic Alliance (NDA).

=== Nandigram movement ===
{{Main|Nandigram violence}}
In December 2006, the people of [[Nandigram]] were given notice by Haldia Development Authority that a major portion of Nandigram would be seized and 70,000 people evicted from their homes to make way for a chemical plant.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.iacboston.org/india/1207-nandigram-says-no.html|work=International Action Center – Boston|title=Nandigram says 'No!' to Dow's chemical hub|date=December 2007|access-date=27 December 2009|archive-date=6 July 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090706032521/http://www.iacboston.org/india/1207-nandigram-says-no.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> People started a movement against this land acquisition and the TMC helped lead the movement. The [[Bhumi Uchhed Pratirodh Committee|Bhumi Uchchhed Pratirodh Committee]] ('Committee against Land Evictions'; BUPC) was formed to protest against the eviction. On 14 March 2007, the police opened fire on the protesters and killed 14 villagers and many more went missing. Many sources claimed (and the claims were supported by the [[Central Bureau of Investigation]] in its report) that armed [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] cadres, along with police, fired on protesters in Nandigram<ref>{{cite web|last=Sarin|first=Ritu|date=19 December 2007|title=CPM cadres joined cops to fire, now beating up witnesses: CBI|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/cpm-cadres-joined-cops-to-fire-now-beating-up-witnesses-cbi/251917/0 |access-date=4 December 2021|newspaper=Indian Express}}</ref> Many intellectuals protested in the streets and this incident gave birth to a new movement. [[Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)]] leader Nanda Patra led the movement. The events led to a significant backlash against the CPI(M) government, and were a major factor in the TMC's success in the elections that followed.<ref name="aljaz">{{Cite news |last=Bhaumik |first=Subir |date=13 May 2011 |title=Defeat rocks India's elected communists – Features |work=[[Al Jazeera English]] |url=http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/features/2011/05/2011513143311330487.html |url-status=dead |access-date=16 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005063541/http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/features/2011/05/2011513143311330487.html |archive-date=5 October 2011}}</ref>

=== Post-Nandigram/Singur elections ===
{{Main|Singur Tata Nano controversy}}

In the [[2009 Indian general election|2009 Lok Sabha election]], TMC won 19 seats in [[West Bengal]], in alliance with the [[Indian National Congress|Congress]]. They subsequently became a part of [[Manmohan Singh]]'s [[Second Manmohan Singh ministry|government]], with Banerjee serving as [[Minister of Railways (India)|Minister of Railways]].

In the 2010 Kolkata municipal election, the party won 97 out of 141 seats. It also won a majority of other municipalities.<ref name=civicpolls2010>{{cite news|url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/mamata-wins-bengal-civic-polls-demands-early-elections-419690|title=Mamata wins Bengal civic polls, demands early elections|work=NDTV|date=2 June 2010}}</ref>

=== In government ===
[[File:Mamata Banerjee - Kolkata 2011-12-08 7542 Cropped.JPG|alt=|thumb|[[Mamata Banerjee]], [[Chief Minister of West Bengal]] and chairperson of All India Trinamool Congress]]
In the [[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]], the TMC-led alliance that included the [[Indian National Congress|INC]] and [[Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)|SUCI(C)]] won 227 seats in the 294-seat legislature, defeating the incumbent [[Left Front (West Bengal)|Left Front]] government which had been in power for 34 years.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/cover-story/article30175576.ece|title=A bastion stormed|publisher=Frontline The Hindu|date=3 June 2011|access-date=28 March 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2011/5/18/the-end-of-an-era-in-west-bengal-and-india|title=The end of an era in West Bengal and India|publisher=aljazeera|date=18 May 2011|access-date=5 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=13 May 2011|title=Mamata ends 34-year-old Left Front rule in Bengal|work=The Hindu Business Line|agency=PTI|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/policy/mamata-ends-34-year-old-left-front-rule-in-bengal/article23047550.ece|access-date=13 May 2011}}</ref> TMC alone won 184 seats, enabling it to govern without an alliance. Subsequently, it won a by-election in [[Basirhat]] and two Congress MLAs switched to the TMC, giving it a total of 187 seats. Banerjee, an [[Member of the Lok Sabha|MP]] at the time, had not contested the election and had to transfer to the safe seat of [[Bhabanipur, West Bengal Assembly constituency|Bhabanipur]].<ref name="vidhansabha2011by">{{cite web|date=28 September 2011|title=Mamata Banerjee wins assembly bypoll|url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/current-affairs/mamata-banerjee-wins-assembly-bypoll_591641.html |access-date=28 September 2011|website=Moneycontrol}}</ref>

On 18 September 2012, Banerjee announced her decision to withdraw support to the [[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]] after the TMC's demands to undo government-instituted changes including [[Foreign direct investment|FDI]] in retail, increase in the price of diesel and limiting the number of subsidised cooking gas cylinders for households, were not met.<ref>{{cite web|title=Rupee falls after TMC pulls out from government|url=http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/markets-business/-1978325.html|publisher=[[Moneycontrol.com]]|date=20 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Mamata Banerjee's party ready to meet President tomorrow to officially quit UPA|url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/mamata-banerjees-party-ready-to-meet-president-tomorrow-to-officially-quit-upa-499796|work=NDTV|date=20 September 2012}}</ref>

The [[2014 Indian general election|2014 Lok Sabha elections]] saw the TMC dominate the state, winning 34 out of the 42 seats. It also qualified for national party status, as the TMC had received 6% of the vote from five different states ([[West Bengal]], [[Manipur]], [[Tripura]], [[Jharkhand]] and [[Assam]]).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/statistical_reportge2014.aspx/ | website=Election Commission of India | title=Archive of General Election 2014 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318025154/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/statistical_reportge2014.aspx/ | archive-date=18 March 2015}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=2 September 2016|title=Trinamool Congress recognised as national party|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|agency=PTI|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Trinamool-Congress-recognised-as-national-party/article14620149.ece|url-access=subscription|access-date=6 December 2021|issn=0971-751X|quote=It is a recognised State party in West Bengal, Manipur, Tripura and Arunachal Pradesh, satisfying one of the conditions of the Election Commission.}}</ref> On 2 September 2016, the [[Election Commission of India|Election Commission]] recognised TMC as a national political party.<ref name=":3">{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/trinamool-congress-tmc-national-party-status-election-commission-3010274/|title=Trinamool Congress gets national party status|newspaper=Indian Express|date=2 September 2016}}</ref>

The party was reelected in the [[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2016 election]] to a supermajority government, and Banerjee continued as chief minister.<ref>{{cite news|date=20 May 2016|title=West Bengal Election Results 2016: TMC storms back to power in Bengal, Cong-Left alliance loses|newspaper=[[The Financial Express (India)|The Financial Express]]|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/west-bengal-election-results-2016-counting-begins-for-294-assembly-seats/259295/}}</ref>

The party won the most seats in West Bengal in the [[2019 Indian general election]], but suffered significant losses to the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], which for the first time established itself as a major force in the state.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bose|first=Pratim Ranjan|date=23 May 2019|title=Election results 2019: Bengal votes for the BJP, breaks many stereotypes|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/elections/election-results-2019-bengal-votes-for-the-bjpbreaks-many-stereotypes/article27216896.ece |access-date=6 December 2021|website=The Hindu BusinessLine}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Chatterjee|first=Ahana|date=23 May 2019|title=WB Election Result Highlights: BJP creates history in Bengal|url=https://www.livemint.com/elections/lok-sabha-elections/west-bengal-results-2019-live-updates-mamata-banerjee-tmc-narendra-modi-bjp-1558573084174.html |access-date=6 December 2021|website=Livemint}}</ref> After the election, the party's status came under revision by the [[Election Commission of India]], due to a loss in presence in most states outside West Bengal.<ref>{{cite news |url =https://www.news18.com/news/politics/how-have-trinamool-cpi-ncp-failed-to-meet-national-party-status-while-npp-makes-it-an-explainer-2239173.html|title =Why Did TMC, CPI, NCP Fail to Meet National Party Status When NPP Made It? An Explainer|publisher =[[Network 18]]|quote =Due to several political developments over the past few years, the EC wants the three political parties to respond on why their 'national party' status should not be taken away.|location =Kolkata|date =20 July 2019|website =News18.com|author =Sujit Nath|access-date =11 May 2020}}</ref>

Banerjee's government was reelected again in the [[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2021 state election]] by an unexpectedly large margin over the BJP. Prior to the election, several high-profile TMC members such as [[Mukul Roy]] and [[Suvendu Adhikari]] had defected to the BJP. Despite the large winning margin, Banerjee was defeated by Adhikari in the [[Nandigram (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Nandigram seat]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Election Commission of India|url=https://results.eci.gov.in/Result2021/ConstituencywiseS25210.htm?ac=210|access-date=2 May 2021|website=results.eci.gov.in|archive-date=3 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210503202328/https://results.eci.gov.in/Result2021/ConstituencywiseS25210.htm?ac=210|url-status=dead}}</ref> where she had transferred to fight Adhikari head-on.<ref name="theguardian">{{cite news|last1=Ellis-Petersen|first1=Hannah|last2=Rahman|first2=Shaikh Azizur|date=26 March 2021|title='India's soul at stake': Bengalis vote in divisive election|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/mar/26/india-soul-at-stake-west-bengalis-vote-in-divisive-election-modi-bjp}}</ref>

In the [[2026 Rajya Sabha elections]], the TMC nominated lawyer [[Menaka Guruswamy]] to be an MP, with her becoming India's first openly LGBTQ+ national-level member of Parliament.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/who-is-menaka-guruswamy-set-to-become-india-first-openly-lgbtq-parliamentarian/article70687017.ece|title=Menaka Guruswamy, TMC’s pick for Rajya Sabha, could become India’s first LGBTQ+ parliamentarian|publisher=The Hindu|date=February 28, 2026}}</ref>

== Presence in other states ==

=== Arunachal Pradesh ===
In the [[2009 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]], Trinamool Congress won five seats and got 15.04% of the total votes.

In 2020, an independent MLA [[Chakat Aboh]] joined the TMC.

=== Assam ===
In the 2001 Assam Legislative Assembly election, [[Jamal Uddin Ahmed (MLA)|Jamal Uddin Ahmed]] won [[Badarpur (Assam Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Badarpur constituency]]. He was a Trinamool Congress candidate.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elections.in/assam/assembly-constituencies/2001-election-results.html|title=Assam Assembly Election Results in 2001|website=www.elections.in}}</ref> Since then, the party has not emphasised on any other organisation.{{Incomprehensible inline|date=November 2021}} Later in 2018, the work of the organisation started again under the leadership of M. Shanti Kumar Singha. In the 2021 assembly elections, it was decided to field candidates from 14 constituencies on behalf of the party.

All-India president of [[Indian National Congress|Congress]]'s women's wing and its national spokesperson and former [[Silchar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Silchar]] MP [[Sushmita Dev]] joined the Trinamool Congress in August 2021.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/sushmita-dev-former-congress-mp-joins-trinamool-as-mamata-expands-base-101629105024017.html|title=Sushmita Dev, former Congress MP, joins Trinamool as Mamata expands base|work=Hindustan Times|date=16 August 2021}}</ref> She is now an MP of Rajya Sabha.

Later in 2022, former [[Rajya Sabha]] MP from [[Indian National Congress|Congress]], Mr [[Ripun Bora]] joined AITC and was named the President of its Assam Unit. Leading to the joining many prominent local leaders joined the party strengthening its grassroot workers level.
The Trinamool Congress released a list of candidates for four Lok Sabha seats in Assam in 2024. TMC's list of candidates includes Gauri Shankar Sarania from Kokrajhar (ST), Abdul Kalam Azad from Barpeta seat, Ghana Kanta Chutia from Lakhimpur seat, and [[ Radheshyam Biswas]] from Silchar (SC).<ref>{{cite web | url=https://news.abplive.com/elections/lok-sabha-elections-tmc-mamata-banerjee-releases-list-of-4-candidates-from-assam-1672068 | title=Lok Sabha Elections: TMC Releases List of 4 Candidates from Assam | date=14 March 2024 }}</ref>

=== Bihar ===
On 23 November 2021 [[Kirti Azad]], a three-time [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MP]] from [[Darbhanga (Lok Sabha constituency)|Darbhanga]] and [[Pavan Varma]], a former adviser to [[List of chief ministers of Bihar|Bihar CM]] [[Nitish Kumar]], joined TMC.<ref name=TOI>{{cite web|date=23 November 2021|title=Kirti Azad of Congress, Pavan Verma & Ashok Tanwar of JD(U) join TMC|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/kirti-azad-pavan-varma-and-ashok-tanwar-join-tmc/articleshow/87869529.cms|work=The Times of India|access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref><ref name=Frontline>{{cite web|date=23 November 2021|title=Congress leaders Kirti Azad and Ashok Tanwar and former JD(U) leader Pawan Verma join Trinamool Congress|url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/dispatches/congress-leaders-kirti-azad-and-ashok-tanwar-and-former-jdu-leader-pawan-verma-join-trinamool-congress/article37650343.ece|work=Frontline|access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref><ref name=Free>{{cite web|date=23 November 2021|title=Kirti Azad, Ashok Tanwar and Pawan Varma join Trinamool Congress in presence of Mamata Banerjee in Delhi|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/kirti-azad-ashok-tanwar-and-pawan-varma-join-trinamool-congress-in-presence-of-mamata-banerjee-in-delhi|work=The Free Press Journal|access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref>

=== Goa ===
Trinamool Congress made their state debut in the [[2012 Goa legislative assembly election|2012 assembly election]]. [[Wilfred de Souza]] served as head of the Goa branch of the party.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/Trinamool-Cong-offers-Willy-state-chiefs-post/articleshow/11345775.cms|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|title=Trinamool Cong offers Willy state chief's post|date=3 January 2013}}</ref>

With the [[2022 Goa Legislative Assembly election]] approaching, the work of organising the party started from September 2021. The work began with the participation of seven-time Goa Chief Minister [[Luizinho Faleiro]]. Since then, the party has increased its membership in Goa. Former footballer [[Denzil Franco]] and former tennis player [[Leander Paes]] were among those who joined the party. On 13 November 2021, [[Mahua Moitra]] was appointed as the in-charge of the party in Goa to prepare it to contest in the Assembly election.<ref>{{cite news |title=TMC appoints Mahua Moitra as party's Goa in-charge ahead of Assembly polls |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/goa/trinamool-congress-mahua-moitra-goa-in-charge-assembly-polls-7621320/ |access-date=13 November 2021 |work=The Indian Express |date=13 November 2021 |language=en}}</ref> MLA [[Churchill Alemao]] joined TMC in the same year.<ref>{{cite web|date=13 December 2021|title=Goa: NCP's Churchill Alemao Announces Merger With TMC|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/india-news-goa-ncps-churchill-alemao-announces-merger-with-tmc/404880|work=Outlook India|access-date=13 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=13 December 2021|title=Churchill Alemao, sole NCP MLA in Goa, joins Trinamool on Mamata Banerjee's visit to state|url=https://theprint.in/politics/churchill-alemao-sole-ncp-mla-in-goa-joins-trinamool-on-mamata-banerjees-visit-to-state/780879/|work=The Print|access-date=13 December 2021}}</ref> In the [[2022 Goa Legislative Assembly election|2022 Goa Legislative Assembly Election]], it got 5.2% votes. Later its party President and many leaders left the party. Samil Volvaiker was appointed the President in 2023.

=== Haryana ===
On 23 November 2021 [[Ashok Tanwar]], former president of [[Haryana Pradesh Congress Committee]], joined TMC.<ref name=TOI /><ref name=Frontline /><ref name=Free /> [[Sukhendu Shekhar Roy]] was appointed as in-charge of the party's [[Haryana]] unit on 25 November.<ref>{{cite web|date=25 November 2021|title=Sukhendu Sekhar Roy appointed Trinamool's Haryana unit in-charge|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/sukhendu-sekhar-roy-appointed-trinamools-haryana-unit-in-charge20211125230932|work=ANI|access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref>

=== Kerala ===
Kerala Pradesh Trinamool Congress was launched in 2009. In 2014, its candidates contested five seats under the party symbol in the parliamentary election. Leaders like Mukul Roy, Derek O'Brien, Mahua Moitra and Nadimul Haque visited Kerala and gave directions for further development in the party's activities. In the 2014 Lok Sabha elections, Trinamool Congress candidates contested from five parliamentary constituencies. The 2014 Lok Sabha elections made the Trinamool Congress presence known in Kerala, although it failed to garner significant votes. In the 2016 state election, TMC contested in 70 assembly constituencies but due to technical errors, the party symbol was not accepted. District Committees in all 14 districts of Kerala. Constituency Committees in 95 constituencies out of 140 constituencies. Kerala Pradesh Trinamool Congress also has a 59-member state working committee. Kerala Pradesh trinamool Congress State President Dr. Harish Palathingal.The working president is Shamsu Payaningal. The party is active in all political spheres of the state of Kerala. The Trinamool Congress is aligned with the India Front but is not part of the UDF or the LDF in the state.<ref>{{cite web|date=5 August 2021|title=Kerala TMC: 'ভারত বাঁচাতে দিদিকে চাই,' বাম শাসিত কেরলে নতুন করে যাত্রা তৃণমূলের|url=https://zeenews.india.com/bengali/nation/call-didi-save-india-poster-by-tmc-in-left-ruled-kerala_396667.html|work=Zee 24 Ghanta|language=bn|access-date=5 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=6 August 2021|title='ভারত বাঁচাতে দিদিকে চাই', Mamata Banerjee-র ছবি দেওয়া হোর্ডিং এবার কেরলে|url=https://www.sangbadpratidin.in/india/call-didi-save-india-new-hording-seen-at-ernakulam-kerala-in-support-of-mamata-banerjee/|work=Sangbad Pratidin|language=bn|access-date=5 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=7 August 2021|title='Call Didi, Save India': After Tamil Nadu, Mamata's Posters in Left Bastion Kerala|url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/call-didi-save-india-after-tamil-nadu-now-kerala-mamatas-posters-spreading-fast-in-south-4056650.html|work=News18|access-date=5 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=7 August 2021|title="Call Didi Save India, Delhi Chalo" posters featuring Mamata Banerjee's face in Kerala|url=https://english.natungati.in/call-didi-save-india-delhi-chalo-posters-featuring-mamata-banerjees-face-in-kerala/|work=Natun Gati|access-date=5 December 2021}}</ref>

==== Democratic Movement of Kerala ====
The Democratic Movement of Kerala (DMK) is an Indian political party based in [[Kerala]], India. It was founded by [[P. V. Anvar]] on 9 October 2024.<ref>{{cite web |date=6 October 2024 |title='Democratic Movement of Kerala': MLA P V Anvar names party |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/2024/Oct/06/democratic-movement-of-kerala-mla-p-v-anvar-names-party}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=6 October 2024 |title=Ex-independent MLA PV Anvar launches new party, calls for 15th district in Kerala |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/kerala/story/ex-mla-pv-anvar-launches-new-party-democratic-movement-of-kerala-15th-kerala-district-2612302-2024-10-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=7 October 2024 |title=Anvar launches 'movement' for social justice |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/anvar-launches-movement-for-social-justice-101728242147757.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=6 October 2024 |title=PV Anvar launches DMK movement: Promises caste census and new district |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/kerala/pv-anvar-launches-dmk-movement-promises-caste-census-and-new-district}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Anand |first1=G. |title=P.V. Anvar launches new movement, but fails to find political anchorage in DMK in Tamil Nadu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/pv-anvar-launches-new-political-movement-but-fails-to-find-political-anchorage-in-dmk-in-tamil-nadu/article68725345.ece |newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=6 October 2024 |title='പതിനഞ്ചാമത് ജില്ല വരണം; ജാതി സെൻസസ് നടത്തണം, പ്രവാസി വോട്ടവകാശം'; നയം വ്യക്തമാക്കി അൻവറിന്റെ DMK |url=https://www.twentyfournews.com/2024/10/06/pv-anvars-democratic-movement-of-kerala-clarified-the-policy.html#google_vignette}}</ref> The Democratic Movement of Kerala is active in the [[Malabar Coast|Malabar]] region. It was merged into the All India Trinamool Congress.

=== Manipur ===
In the [[2012 Manipur Legislative Assembly election|2012 assembly elections]] of [[Manipur]], the party won eight seats and got 10% of the total votes. It became the only opposition party in the [[Manipur Legislative Assembly]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=17 August 2018|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2012 to the Legislative Assembly of Manipur|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3712-manipur-2012/ |access-date=29 November 2020|website=Election Commission of India|language=en-IN}}</ref> In the 2017 assembly elections, the party won only one seat (from [[Thanga (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Thanga]]) and received 5.4% of the total votes cast in the elections.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ceomanipur.nic.in/magazine/2019/gels/CEO%20Report%202019%20.pdf |title= Report – General Election to Lok Sabha, 2019|website=ceomanipur.nic.in |date= |author=Chief Electoral Officer, Manipur |access-date= 27 December 2020}}</ref> Its lone member of the Manipur Legislative Assembly, Tongbram Robindro Singh, switched to the [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] government in [[Manipur]] in 2017. As of 18 June 2020, he has withdrawn support from the BJP, following the disqualification of seven of its members, to support the [[Indian National Congress]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=1 June 2020|title=Mess in Manipur|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/editorials/manipur-bjp-government-no-confidence-motion-congress-mlas-6465601/|website=[[The Indian Express]]|language=en}}</ref>

=== Meghalaya ===
TMC candidate Purno Agitok Sangma won the [[Tura (Lok Sabha constituency)|Tura constituency]] by a huge margin in the 2004 Lok Sabha election.

The party's [[Meghalaya]] unit was launched in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|date=25 November 2021|title=Meghalaya: 12 of 17 Congress MLAs, Led By Ex CM Mukul Sangma, Jump Ship to TMC|url=https://thewire.in/politics/meghalaya-12-of-17-congress-mlas-led-by-ex-cm-mukul-sangma-jump-ship-to-tmc|work=The Wire|access-date=25 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=25 November 2021|title='Not Effective Opposition': Meghalaya MLAs On Why They Left Congress|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/not-effective-opposition-meghalaya-mlas-on-why-they-left-congress-joined-trinamool-congress-2624123|work=NDTV|access-date=25 November 2021}}</ref>

On 24 November 2021, former [[List of chief ministers of Meghalaya|Chief Minister of Meghalaya]] [[Mukul Sangma]] along with other 11 MLAs of INC joined TMC which made TMC the largest opposition party in [[Meghalaya Legislative Assembly]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=24 November 2021|title=Ex-Meghalaya CM Mukul Sangma Joins TMC With 12 MLAs; Trinamool Now Main Oppn in State|url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/ex-meghalaya-cm-mukul-sangma-joins-tmc-with-12-mlas-trinamool-now-main-oppn-in-state-4483196.html|work=News18|access-date=25 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=24 November 2021|title=Meghalaya: In massive jolt to Congress, former CM Mukul Sangma, 11 other MLAs join TMC|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/former-meghalaya-cm-mukul-sangma-11-others-join-trinamool-congress-1880464-2021-11-24|work=India Today|access-date=25 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=25 November 2021|title=Mukul Sangma, 11 Congress MLAs join Trinamool|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/mukul-sangma-11-congress-mlas-join-trinamool/article37674046.ece|work=The Hindu|access-date=25 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=26 November 2021|title=Congress mulls legal action as 12 MLAs join TMC, make it main opposition in Meghalaya|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/shillong/congress-mulls-legal-action-as-12-mlas-join-tmc-make-it-main-opposition-in-meghalaya/articleshow/87919280.cms|access-date=29 November 2021|work=The Times of India}}</ref>

On 29 November, [[Charles Pyngrope]] was appointed as the president of AITC Meghalaya unit.<ref>{{cite web|date=30 November 2021|title=Charles Pyngrope appointed as Meghalaya TMC president|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/national/general-news/charles-pyngrope-appointed-as-meghalaya-tmc-president20211130071036|work=ANI|access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref>
In 2022, one defected MLA who has earlier switched from INC quit the party and joined BJP.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 December 2022 |title=In Meghalaya ruling alliance slugfest, BJP draws first blood; takes in two NPP MLAs |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/meghalaya-ruling-alliance-slugfest-bjp-takes-two-npp-mlas-8328224/ |access-date=20 December 2022 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

In the [[2023 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]], the Trinamool Congress led by Mukul Sangma contested 56 of the 60 seats and won five seats and received 13.32% of the votes; as such, it became a State Party.

Since 2024, it is the largest opposition in Meghalaya.

=== Mizoram ===
In 2023, an independent MLA Dr. [[K Beichhua]] joined the TMC.

=== Punjab ===
Shortly before the Assembly elections in 2017, the party started working on the Punjab organisation under the leadership of Jagat Singh. After that, during the assembly elections, it was decided that they would field candidates for 20 constituencies on behalf of the party. The party, however, did not gain any seats in Punjab in that election. After that the party's organisational work in Punjab almost completely stopped.{{Citation needed|date=November 2021}} From 2019, the party started a new committee under the leadership of [[Manjit Singh (Trinamool Congress)|Manjit Singh]]. Since then, the party has had a continuous presence in Punjab.

=== Tripura ===
Under the leadership of [[Sudip Roy Barman]], former [[leader of opposition]] and then [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] of [[Tripura]], all six MLAs of the [[Indian National Congress]] defected to the TMC in 2016, along with many ex-ministers, former MLAs, senior state and district level leaders, in addition to thousands of party workers and supporters, to fight CPI(M), who were running the [[Government of Tripura|Government in Tripura]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Six-Congress-MLAs-in-Tripura-join-Trinamool/articleshow/52637180.cms|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160607125851/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Six-Congress-MLAs-in-Tripura-join-Trinamool/articleshow/52637180.cms|archivedate=2016-06-07|title=Six Congress MLAs in Tripura join Trinamool|date=7 June 2016|website=Times of India}}</ref>{{POV statement|date=November 2021}} Later in the presence of [[Himanta Biswa Sarma]] and [[Dharmendra Pradhan]], Barman defected to the BJP along with all of the other TMC MLAs of the Tripura Legislative Assembly after they cross-voted against party lines in the [[2017 Indian presidential election]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.northeasttoday.in/recognise-ex-tmc-mlas-as-bjp-members-in-tripura-bjp/|title=Recognise Ex-TMC MLAs as BJP Members in Tripura: BJP}}</ref>

TMC won one seat in Ambassa Municipal council in the [[2021 Tripura local elections|2021 Tripura civic polls]] despite widespread violence. TMC emerged as the second largest party in terms of vote-share in the 120 seats it contested out of 334 seats as it garnered 19.9% of the votes in those seats.<ref>{{Cite web|date=9 December 2021|title=Not BJP or TMC, the real story of Tripura's civic poll numbers was near-decimation of Congress|url=https://theprint.in/politics/not-bjp-or-tmc-the-real-story-of-tripuras-civic-poll-numbers-was-near-decimation-of-congress/778485/|work=The Print|access-date=13 December 2021}}</ref>

=== Uttar Pradesh ===
The party's state unit in [[Uttar Pradesh]] was set up in 2005.<ref name=dtnext>{{cite web|date=28 May 2021|title=TMC keen to join farmers' protest, eyes 2024 polls|url=https://www.dtnext.in/News/National/2021/05/28144620/1297220/TMC-keen-to-join-farmers-protest-eyes-2024-polls.vpf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211130212848/https://www.dtnext.in/News/National/2021/05/28144620/1297220/TMC-keen-to-join-farmers-protest-eyes-2024-polls.vpf|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 November 2021|work=DTNext.in|access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref>

In 2012, [[Shyam Sunder Sharma]] contested the by-poll to [[Mant (Assembly constituency)|Mant constituency]] and won on an AITC ticket.<ref>{{cite web|title=Uttar Pradesh 2012 – Uttar Pradesh – Election Commission of India|date=14 August 2018 |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3262-uttar-pradesh-2012/|access-date=3 September 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/Trinamool-Congress-to-expand-base-in-Uttar-Pradesh/articleshow/15534104.cms|title=Trinamool Congress to expand base in Uttar Pradesh|work=The Times of India| date=17 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=UP Election Assembly Results 2012 {{!}} Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha Election Results 2012|url=https://www.elections.in/uttar-pradesh/assembly-constituencies/2012-election-results.html|access-date=4 September 2021}}</ref> He later defected to [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]].<ref>{{cite web|date=4 January 2016|title=MLA SS Sharma charged with forgery, fraud|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/agra/MLA-SS-Sharma-charged-with-forgery-fraud/articleshow/50443268.cms|work=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=25 June 2016|title=Lone TMC MLA in UP joins BSP|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/lone-tmc-mla-in-up-joins-bsp-116062500882_1.html|work=Business Standard|access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref>

Neeraj Rai is the current president of AITC's state unit in Uttar Pradesh.<ref>{{cite web|date=31 March 2021|title=UP's Purvanchal has a key role to play in Bengal polls|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/ups-purvanchal-has-a-key-role-to-play-in-bengal-polls/articleshow/81769237.cms|work=The Times of India|access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref><ref name=dtnext /><ref>{{cite web|date=21 June 2021|title=Uttar Pradesh TMC to follow West Bengal model|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/up-tmc-to-follow-w-bengal-model/articleshow/83700999.cms|work=The Times of India|access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=14 August 2021|title=No Permission to Khela Hobe Diwas in Uttar Pradesh, Says TMC|url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/no-permission-to-khela-hobe-diwas-in-uttar-pradesh-says-tmc-4083899.html|work=News18|access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=12 September 2021|title=TMC and Samajwadi Party expected to form alliance for 2022 assembly polls in Uttar Pradesh|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/tmc-and-samajwadi-party-expected-to-form-alliance-for-2022-assembly-polls-in-uttar-pradesh|work=The Free Press Journal|access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=14 October 2021|title=जब कोर्ट का डंडा चलता है,तब होती हैं कार्यवाही -नीरज राय|url=https://www.patrika.com/lucknow-news/trinamool-congress-state-president-neeraj-rai-held-a-press-conference-7122161/|work=Patrika|language=hi|access-date=1 December 2021}}</ref>

In October 2021, two senior Congress leaders of [[Uttar Pradesh]] – Rajeshpati Tripathi and Laliteshpati Tripathi, who are the grandson and the great-grandson of [[List of chief ministers of Uttar Pradesh|former UP Chief Minister]] [[Kamalapati Tripathi]], joined the AITC in the presence of Mamata Banerjee.<ref>{{Cite web|date=25 October 2021|title=Two UP Congress Leaders Join AITC In Mamata Banerjee's Presence|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/two-uttar-pradesh-congress-leaders-join-trinamool-congress-tmc-in-west-bengal-chief-minister-mamata-banerjees-presence-2587380|work=NDTV|access-date=27 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 October 2021|title=UP 2022 Assembly polls: Ex-Congress leaders join TMC|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/kolkata/up-2022-assembly-polls-ex-congress-leaders-join-tmc-7590745/|work=The Indian Express|access-date=27 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=26 October 2021|title=নভেম্বরেই যোগীর গড়ে হানা মমতার {{!}} ইন্দিরা-ঘনিষ্ঠ কমলাপতি ত্রিপাঠির নাতির তৃণমূলে যোগ|url=https://bartamanpatrika.com/detailNews.php?cID=14&nID=326148&P=1&nPID=20211026|newspaper=Bartaman|language=bn|access-date=27 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=26 October 2021|title=UP Congress Leaders Join TMC, Mamata Says Will Visit Varanasi Soon|url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/up-congress-leaders-join-tmc-mamata-says-will-visit-varanasi-soon-4364663.html|work=News18|access-date=27 October 2021}}</ref>

== Electoral performance ==

=== General election results ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" | Year
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" |Lok Sabha
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" |Party leader
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" | Seats contested
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" | Seats won
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" | Seats +/-
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" | Vote % (in whole country)
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" | Vote swing
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" | Ref.
|- style="text-align:center;
| [[1998 Indian general election|1998]]
| [[12th Lok Sabha]]
| rowspan="7" | [[Mamata Banerjee]]
| 29
|{{Composition bar|7|543|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
| {{increase}} 7
| 2.42%
| {{steady}} new
|<ref name="ECI1998">{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf |title=Statistical report on general elections, 1998 to the Twelfth Lok Sabha |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=30 May 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718181833/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1998/Vol_I_LS_98.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014}}</ref>
|- style="text-align:center;"
| [[1999 Indian general election|1999]]
| [[13th Lok Sabha]]
| 29
|{{Composition bar|8|543|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
| {{increase}} 1
| 2.57%
| {{increase}} 0.15%
|<ref name="ECI1999">{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf |title=Statistical report on general elections, 1999 to the Thirteenth Lok Sabha |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=30 May 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718183222/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_1999/Vol_I_LS_99.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2014}}</ref>
|- style="text-align:center;"
| [[2004 Indian general election|2004]]
| [[14th Lok Sabha]]
| 33
|{{Composition bar|2|543|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
| {{decrease}} 6
| 2.07%
| {{decrease}} 0.5%
|<ref name="ECI2004">{{cite web |url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf |title = Statistical report on general elections, 2004 to the Fourteenth Lok Sabha |publisher = Election Commission of India |access-date = 30 May 2014 |archive-date = 18 July 2014 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140718190634/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/LS_2004/Vol_I_LS_2004.pdf |url-status = dead }}</ref>
|- style="text-align:center;"
| [[2009 Indian general election|2009]]
| [[15th Lok Sabha]]
| 26
|{{Composition bar|19|543|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
| {{increase}} 17
| 3.20%
| {{increase}} 1.15%
|<ref name="ECI2009">{{cite web | url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2009/Stats/VOLI/12_PerformanceOfNationalParties.pdf | title=LS 2009: Performance of National Parties | work=[[Election Commission of India]] | access-date=18 October 2014 | archive-date=9 December 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171209173959/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2009/Stats/VOLI/12_PerformanceOfNationalParties.pdf | url-status=dead }}</ref>
|- style="text-align:center;"
| [[2014 Indian general election|2014]]
| [[16th Lok Sabha]]
| 131
|{{Composition bar|34|543|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
| {{increase}} 15
| 3.84%
| {{increase}} 0.64%
|<ref name="ECI2014">{{cite web | url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2014/4%20-%20List%20of%20Successful%20Candidates.pdf | title=LS 2014: List of successful candidates | work=[[Election Commission of India]] | access-date=18 October 2014 | pages=93 | archive-date=24 October 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024141309/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2014/4%20-%20List%20of%20Successful%20Candidates.pdf | url-status=dead }}</ref>
|- style="text-align:center;"
| [[2019 Indian general election|2019]]
| [[17th Lok Sabha]]
| 62
| {{Composition bar|22|543|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
| {{decrease}} 12
| 4.11%
| {{increase}} 0.27%
|<ref name="ECI2019">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/10987-4-list-of-successful-candidate | title=LS 2019: List of successful candidates | work=[[Election Commission of India]] | date=11 October 2019 | access-date=11 October 2019}}</ref>
|-style="text-align:center;"
| [[2024 Indian general election|2024]]
|[[18th Lok Sabha]]
|47
| {{Composition bar|29|543|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
| {{increase}} 7
| 4.37%
| {{increase}} 0.26%
|
|}

{{Vertical bar chart|1998|7|1999|8|2004|2|2009|19|2014|34|2019|22|2024|29|full_name=All time-AITC Lok Sabha seat count|type=demographic|color= rgb(0.125, 0.776, 0.275)
}}

=== State Legislative Assembly elections ===
{{bar box
|float=right
|title={{color|white|Vote share in consecutive West Bengal Assembly elections}}
|titlebar= {{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|width=250px
|barwidth=
|bars=
{{bar percent|2021|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}|48.02}}
{{bar percent|2016|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}|44.91}}
{{bar percent|2011|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}|38.93}}
{{bar percent|2006|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}|26.64}}
{{bar percent|2001|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}|30.66}}
}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+'''Legislative Assembly elections'''<ref name="WB_Results">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/94-west-bengal/ | title=West Bengal Assembly Election Results | work=[[Election Commission of India]] | access-date=11 October 2019}}</ref>
|-
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" | Election Year
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" | Party leader
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" | Seats contested
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" | Seats won
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" | Change in seats
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" | Percentage of votes
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" | Vote swing
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" | Popular vote
! Style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; color:white" | Result
|- style="text-align:center;"
!colspan=9|[[Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
|- style="text-align:center;"
|[[2009 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2009]]
|
|26
|{{Composition bar|5|60|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|{{increase}} 5
|15.04%
| –
|86,406
| style="background:#FA07A;"| Others
|- style="text-align:center;"
!colspan=9|[[Assam Legislative Assembly]]
|- style="text-align:center;"
|[[2001 Assam Legislative Assembly election|2001]]<ref>{{cite web|date=20 August 2018|title=Assam 2001|url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/4007-assam-2001/|work=Election Commission of India|access-date=12 December 2021}}</ref>
|
|23
|{{Composition bar|1|126|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|{{increase}} 1
|0.55%
| –
|58,361
| style="background:#FA07A;"| Others
|- style="text-align:center;"
|[[2011 Assam Legislative Assembly election|2011]]
|
|126
|{{Composition bar|1|126|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|{{steady}}
|2.05%
| –
|283,683
| style="background:#FA07A;"| Others
|-style="text-align:center;"
!colspan=9|[[Goa Legislative Assembly]]
|-style="text-align:center;"
|[[2012 Goa Legislative Assembly election|2012]]
| [[Wilfred de Souza]]
|20
|{{Composition bar|0|40|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|
|1.81%
| –
|15,323
| Others
|-style="text-align:center;"
|[[2022 Goa Legislative Assembly election|2022]]
|[[Mahua Moitra]]{{efn|Moitra was appointed the state in-charge of the party for the elections. The state unit was later formed on 19 January 2022 with [[Kiran Kandolkar]] as president.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/goa/tmc-constitutes-state-committee/90489/|title=TMC constitutes State committee|date=19 January 2022|work=Herald Goa}}</ref>}}
|26
|{{Composition bar|0|40|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|
|5.2%
| –
|49,480
| Others
|- style="text-align:center;"
|-
!colspan=9|[[Manipur Legislative Assembly]]
|-style="text-align:center;"
|[[2012 Manipur Legislative Assembly election|2012]]
| [[Maibam Kunjo]]
|60
|{{Composition bar|7|60|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|{{increase}} 7
|17%
| –
|237,517
| style="background:#FFA07A;"| Opposition
|- style="text-align:center;"
|[[2017 Manipur Legislative Assembly election|2017]]
|
|60
|{{Composition bar|1|60|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|{{decrease}} 6
|1.4%
| {{decrease}}15.6%
|23,304
| style="background:#FA07A;"| Others
|-
! colspan="9" |[[Meghalaya Legislative Assembly]]
|- style="text-align:center;"
|[[2023 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
|[[Mukul Sangma]]
|56
|{{Composition bar|5|60|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|{{increase}} 5
|13.78%
|{{increase}}13.38%
|255,742
|style="background:#FFA07A;"| Opposition
|- style="text-align:center;"
!colspan=9|[[Tripura Legislative Assembly]]
|-style="text-align:center;"
|[[2018 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|2018]]
|
|24
|{{Composition bar|0|60|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|
|0.3%
| –
|6,989
| Others
|- style="text-align:center;"
|[[2023 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
| Pijush Kanti Biswas
|28
|{{Composition bar|0|60|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|
|0.88%
| –
|22,316
| Others
|- style="text-align:center;"
!colspan=9|[[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
|-style="text-align:center;"
|[[2012 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2012]] ([[By-election]])
|
|1
|{{Composition bar|1|403|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|{{increase}} 1
|
| –
|
| style="background:#FA07A;"| Others
|- style="text-align:center;"
!colspan=9|[[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]]
|-style="text-align:center;"
|[[2001 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2001]]
|[[Mamata Banerjee]]
|226
|{{Composition bar|60|294|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|{{increase}} 60
|30.66%
| –
| 11,229,396
| style="background:#FFA07A;"| Opposition
|- style="text-align:center;"
|[[2006 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2006]]
|[[Mamata Banerjee]]
|257
|{{Composition bar|30|294|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|{{decrease}} 30
|26.64%
|{{decrease}} 4.02%
| 10,512,153
| style="background:#FFA07A;"| Opposition
|- style="text-align:center;"
|[[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2011]]
|[[Mamata Banerjee]]
|226
|{{Composition bar|184|294|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|{{increase}} 154
|38.93%
|{{increase}} 12.29%
|18,547,678
| style="background:#98FB98;" | Government
|- style="text-align:center;"
|[[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2016]]
|[[Mamata Banerjee]]
|293
|{{Composition bar|211|294|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|{{increase}} 27
|44.91%
|{{increase}} 5.98%
|24,564,523
| style="background:#98FB98;" | Government
|- style="text-align:center;"
|[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2021]]
|[[Mamata Banerjee]]
|290
|{{Composition bar|215|294|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}}
|{{increase}} 4
|48.02%
|{{increase}} 3.11%
|28,968,281
| style="background:#98FB98;" | Government
|}
<big>'''Presidential election results'''</big>

{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
|-
! rowspan="2" | Election
! rowspan="2" | Candidate
! colspan="2" scope="col" | First round
! colspan="2" | Second round
! rowspan="2" | Result
|-
! Votes
! %
! Votes
! %
|-
! [[2022 Indian presidential election|2022]]
| align=left| [[Yashwant Sinha]]
| 380,177
| 35.97
|colspan=2 {{N/A}}
| {{No2|Lost}} {{N}}
|}

{{Vertical bar chart|2001|60|2006|30|2011|184|2016|211|2021|215|full_name=All time-AITC West Bengal Legislative Assembly seat count|type=demographic|color= rgb(0.125, 0.776, 0.275)
}}

== Party symbols and slogans ==
{{Further|Ma Mati Manush|Joy Bangla|Khela Hobe}}

[[File:All India Trinamool Congress Office - Ganganagar - Mukundapur - Kolkata 2016-08-25 6138.JPG|thumb|All India Trinamool Congress Party Office,Ganganagar, Mukundapur, Kolkata]]
The party name and election symbol represents 'grassroots'– the name contains the Bengali word ''trinamool'', which literally means grassroots, and the symbol is a sapling emerging from the ground.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last1=Chatterjee|first1=Jyotiprasad|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d-u9DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT70|title=Left Front and After: Understanding the Dynamics of Poriborton in West Bengal|last2=Basu|first2=Suprio|date=7 January 2020|publisher=SAGE Publishing India|isbn=978-93-5328-724-5|pages=70}}</ref> The symbol is known as ''Jora Ghas Phul'' (Bengali: grass and flower; two flowers with grass).<ref>{{Cite web|date=13 May 2011|title=The fall and rise of Trinamool Congress – Indian Express|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/the-fall-and-rise-of-trinamool-congress/790124/2 |access-date=6 December 2021|website=The Indian Express Archives}}</ref> The usage of "All India" in the party name represents the rejection of "elitist" Indian National Congress from which it broke apart from.<ref name=":1" />

''Ma Mati Manush'' ({{langx|bn|মা মাটি মানুষ}}) was primarily a slogan, coined by [[Mamata Banerjee]]. The term is literally translated as "Mother, Motherland and People". The slogan became very popular in West Bengal at the time of the 2011 assembly election. Mamata Banerjee wrote a Bengali book with the same title.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.menakabooks.com/ameya-prakashan-books/421-maa-mati-manush-mamata-banerjee-suvarna-bedekar-ameya-prakashan-buy-online.html|title=Maa Mati Manush|publisher=Menaka Books|isbn=978-93-5080-024-9|language=Marathi|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200810120855/http://www.menakabooks.com/ameya-prakashan-books/421-maa-mati-manush-mamata-banerjee-suvarna-bedekar-ameya-prakashan-buy-online.html|archive-date=10 August 2020 |author=Mamata Banerjee |author2=Suvarna Bedekar |author3=Ameya Prakashan}}</ref> A song was also recorded with the same title.<ref>{{cite news|date=28 July 2011|title=Six popular contemporary slogans|newspaper=DNA India|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/slideshow-six-popular-contemporary-slogans-1570374#top|url-status=unfit|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225030109/https://www.dnaindia.com/india/slideshow-six-popular-contemporary-slogans-1570374|archive-date=25 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=20 May 2012|title='Ma Mati Manush' song at traffic intersections|work=Business Standard India|agency=PTI|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/-ma-mati-manush-song-at-traffic-intersections-112052000205_1.html|access-date=6 December 2021}}</ref>

The slogan Joy Bangla is also officially used by [[Mamata Banerjee]] and by her party Trinamool Congress as part of attempt to create a territorial and ethnolinguistic identity for [[Bengalis]] in India.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/joy-bangla-history-west-bengal-7166839/| title = Explained: The history of 'Joy Bangla' |work = The Indian Express| date = 29 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/india-news-decoded-joy-bangla-mamatas-slogan-that-bjp-calls-secessionist/372594| title = Decoded: The History Of 'Joy Bangla', Mamata's Slogan That BJP Calls Secessionist| date = 29 January 2021}}</ref> It is used in particular, as a closing remark for political speeches.<ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.thehindu.com/elections/west-bengal-assembly/khela-hobe-to-khela-sesh-its-season-of-slogans/article34155120.ece| title = West Bengal Assembly Elections {{!}} 'Khela hobe' to 'khela sesh' — it's season of slogans - The Hindu| newspaper = The Hindu| date = 24 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/kolkata/let-the-game-for-2021-begin-says-mamata/article33896356.ece| title = Let the game for 2021 begin, says Mamata - The Hindu| newspaper = The Hindu| date = 21 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.esamskriti.com/e/National-Affairs/Current-Affairs/What-does-the-JOY-BANGLA-slogan-remind-you-of-1.aspx| title = What does the JOY BANGLA slogan remind you of - eSamskriti }}</ref>

In the 2021 assembly election, the party used a song "''Khela Hobe''" across the state. The song was penned by Debangshu Bhattacharya, a party youth wing member. The "''Khela Hobe''" term has been used across India by several opposition parties and to catalyse the movements against the establishment on multiple issues throughout the nation.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Banerjee|first=Tamaghna|date=4 October 2021|title='Party hobe': CM Mamata Banerjee's supporters paint the town green|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/party-hobe-didis-supporters-paint-the-town-green/articleshow/86741104.cms |access-date=6 December 2021|website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=16 August 2021 |title=Khela Hobe Divas: TMC celebrates 'Khela Hobe Divas'|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/tmc-observes-khela-hobe-diwas-across-west-bengal/articleshow/85363785.cms |access-date=6 December 2021|newspaper=The Times of India}}</ref>

==List of Union Ministers==
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
!rowspan=2 |No.
!rowspan=2 |Portrait
!rowspan=2 |Portfolio
!rowspan=2 |Name (Lifespan)
!colspan=3 |Term in office
!rowspan=2 |Constituency (House)
!rowspan=2 colspan=2 |[[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]
|-
! Assumed office
! Left office
! Time in office
|-
! colspan=10 style="background-color:#2EDF1C;color:white" |
|-
!rowspan="4"|1
|rowspan="4"|[[File:Official portrait of Mamata Banerjee.jpg|70px]]
|'''[[Minister of Railways (India)|Minister of Railways]]'''
|rowspan="4"|'''[[Mamata Banerjee]]''' (born 1955)
|13 October 1999
|16 March 2001<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/pm-rejects-mamatas-resignation/articleshow/43343413.cms|title=PM rejects Mamata's resignation|date=1 October 2000|via=The Economic Times - The Times of India}}</ref>
!'''{{ayd|1999|10|13|2001|03|16}}'''
|rowspan="4"|[[Kolkata Dakshin Lok Sabha constituency|Calcutta South]] ([[Lok Sabha]])
|rowspan=5|[[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
|rowspan=5 {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|'''[[Third Vajpayee ministry|Minister without portfolio]]'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/glass-house/story/20030922-vajpayee-reinducts-mamata-banerjee-as-cabinet-minister-792033-2003-09-21|title=Vajpayee reinducts Mamata Banerjee as cabinet minister without portfolio|date=22 September 2003|website=India Today}}</ref>
|8 September 2003
|9 January 2004
!'''{{ayd|2003|09|8|2004|1|9}}'''
|-
|'''[[Ministry of Coal|Minister of Coal]]'''
|rowspan="2"|9 January 2004
|rowspan="2"|22 May 2004
!rowspan="2"|'''{{ayd|2004|1|9|2004|5|22}}'''
|-
|'''[[Ministry of Mines (India)|Minister of Mines]]'''
|-
!2
|[[File:Blank.svg|70px]]
|'''[[Ministry of External Affairs (India)|Minister of External Affairs]]''' '''({{abbr|MoS|Minister of State}})'''
|'''[[Ajit Kumar Panja]]''' (born 1955)
|13 October 1999
|16 March 2001
!'''{{ayd|1999|10|13|2001|03|16}}'''
|[[Calcutta North East Lok Sabha constituency|Calcutta North East]] ([[Lok Sabha]])
|-
!3
|[[File:Official portrait of Mamata Banerjee.jpg|70px]]
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Ministry of Railways (India)|Minister of Railways]]'''
|'''[[Mamata Banerjee]]''' (born 1955)
|23 May 2009
|19 May 2011 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/mamata-resigns-as-railway-minister/article2032063.ece|title=Mamata resigns as Railway Minister|date=19 May 2011|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref><ref>https://www.presidentofindia.gov.in/smt-pratibha-devisingh-patil/press_releases/president-accepts-resignation-ms-mamata-banerjee-pm</ref>
!'''{{ayd|2009|05|23|2011|05|19}}'''
|[[Kolkata Dakshin Lok Sabha constituency|Calcutta South]] ([[Lok Sabha]])
|rowspan=11|[[Manmohan Singh]]
|rowspan=11 {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|-
!4
|[[File:The Union Minister of Railways, Shri Dinesh Trivedi holding a Press Conference to announce the setting up of an expert group for modernization of Indian Railways, in New Delhi on September 21, 2011.jpg|70px]]
|'''[[Dinesh Trivedi]]''' (born 1950)
|12 July 2011
|20 March 2012
!'''{{ayd|2011|07|12|2012|03|20}}'''
|[[Barrackpore Lok Sabha constituency|Barrackpore]] ([[Lok Sabha]])
|-
!rowspan="3"|5
|rowspan="3"|[[File:Mukul Roy.png|70px]]
|rowspan="3"|'''[[Mukul Roy]]''' (born 1954)
|20 March 2012
|22 September 2012
!'''{{ayd|2012|03|20|2012|09|22}}'''
|rowspan="3"|[[West Bengal]] ([[Rajya Sabha]])
|-
|'''[[Ministry of Railways (India)|Minister of Railways]]''' '''({{abbr|MoS|Minister of State}})'''
|19 May 2011
|12 July 2011
!'''{{ayd|2011|05|19|2011|07|12}}'''
|-
|'''[[Ministry of Shipping (India)|Minister of Shipping]]''' '''({{abbr|MoS|Minister of State}})'''
|28 May 2009
|20 March 2012
!'''{{ayd|2009|05|28|2012|03|20}}'''
|-
!6
|[[File:The Union Minister of Railways, Shri Dinesh Trivedi holding a Press Conference to announce the setting up of an expert group for modernization of Indian Railways, in New Delhi on September 21, 2011.jpg|70px]]
|rowspan="2"|'''[[Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (India)|Minister of Health & Family Welfare]]''' '''({{abbr|MoS|Minister of State}})'''
|'''[[Dinesh Trivedi]]''' (born 1950)
|28 May 2009
|12 July 2011
!'''{{ayd|2009|05|28|2011|07|12}}'''
|[[Barrackpore Lok Sabha constituency|Barrackpore]] ([[Lok Sabha]])
|-
!7
|[[File:Shri Sudip Bandyopadhyay official portrait.jpg|70px]]
|'''[[Sudip Bandyopadhyay]]''' (born 1952)
|12 July 2011
|22 September 2012
!'''{{ayd|2011|07|12|2012|09|22}}'''
|[[Kolkata Uttar Lok Sabha constituency|Kolkata Uttar]] ([[Lok Sabha]])
|-
!8
|[[File:Saugata Roy MP.jpg|70px]]
|'''[[Ministry of Urban Development (India)|Minister of Urban Development]]''' '''({{abbr|MoS|Minister of State}})'''
|'''[[Saugata Roy]]''' (born 1946)
|rowspan="4"|28 May 2009
|rowspan="4"|22 September 2012 <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/mamata-banerjee-withdraws-support-to-upa-government/articleshow/16453326.cms|title=Mamata Banerjee withdraws support to UPA government|date=18 September 2012|via=The Economic Times - The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/mamata-banerjee-upa-pullout-tmc-meet-116380-2012-09-18|title=Mamata withdraws support from UPA govt, ministers to hand over their resignations on Friday|date=18 September 2012|website=India Today}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/cong-cool-as-tmc-leaves-upa-govt-271889.html|title=Cong cool as TMC leaves UPA govt|website=Deccan Herald}}</ref>
!rowspan="4"|'''{{ayd|2009|05|28|2012|09|22}}'''
|[[Dum Dum Lok Sabha constituency|Dum Dum]] ([[Lok Sabha]])
|-
!9
|[[File:The Minister of State of Rural Development, Shri Sisir Adhikari addressing the inaugural session of Bharat Nirman Public Information Campaign, at Srirampur, Bhardaman, West Bengal on December 11, 2010.jpg|70px]]
|'''[[Ministry of Rural Development (India)|Minister of Rural Development]]''' '''({{abbr|MoS|Minister of State}})'''
|'''[[Sisir Adhikari]]''' (born 1941)
|[[Kanthi Lok Sabha constituency|Kanthi]] ([[Lok Sabha]])
|-
!10
|[[File:The Minister of State for Tourism, Shri Sultan Ahmed addressing at the inauguration of Bharat Nirman Public Information Campaign, at Shyampur, Howrah, in West Bengal on November 13, 2010.jpg|70px]]
|'''[[Ministry of Tourism (India)|Minister of Tourism]]''' '''({{abbr|MoS|Minister of State}})'''
|'''[[Sultan Ahmed (Indian politician)|Sultan Ahmed]]''' (born 1953)
|[[Uluberia Lok Sabha constituency|Uluberia]] ([[Lok Sabha]])
|-
!11
|[[File:Chowdhury Mohan Jatua presenting the award for the Best Actor to Mr. Sasson Gabey for the film “Restoration” at the closing ceremony of the 42nd International Film Festival of India (IFFI-2011), at Panaji, Goa.jpg|70px]]
|'''[[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)|Minister of Information & Broadcasting]]''' '''({{abbr|MoS|Minister of State}})'''
|'''[[Choudhury Mohan Jatua]]''' (born 1939)
|[[Mathurapur Lok Sabha constituency|Mathurapur]] ([[Lok Sabha]])
|-

|}

== Leadership ==
The highest decision-making body of the party is its Core Committee.
* [[Mamata Banerjee]] — Founder,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.britannica.com/place/West-Bengal#ref1115982|title=West Bengal {{!}} History, Culture, Map, Capital, & Population|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=21 September 2018|language=en}}</ref> Chairperson, Leader of the party in the [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]] and [[List of chief ministers of West Bengal|Chief Minister of West Bengal]].
* [[Abhishek Banerjee (politician)|Abhishek Banerjee]] — General Secretary, Leader of the party in the [[Lok Sabha]].
* [[Derek O'Brien (politician)|Derek O'Brien]] —Leader of the party in the [[Rajya Sabha]].
* [[Kakoli Ghosh Dastidar]] — Deputy leader of the party in the [[Lok Sabha]].
* [[Kalyan Banerjee (politician)|Kalyan Banerjee]] — [[Chief Whip]] of the party in the [[Lok Sabha]].
* [[Sukhendu Shekhar Roy]] — Chief Whip of TMC in [[Rajya Sabha|Rajya Shabha]].
* [[Mukul Sangma]] — Ex Leader of the Opposition in [[Meghalaya Legislative Assembly]].
* [[Aroop Biswas]] — Treasurer
* [[Sovandeb Chattopadhyay|Sobhandeb Chatteejee]] -Deputy Leader of House of West Bengal Legislative Assembly.

The party's executive committee is the [[National Working Committee of All India Trinamool Congress| National Working Committee]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/west-bengal/trinamool-streamlines-party-organisation-mum-on-its-role-in-india-bloc/article68910494.ece|title=Trinamool streamlines party organisation, mum on its role in INDIA bloc|first=Shiv Sahay|last=Singh|date=26 November 2024|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>

===List of chairpersons===
This is a list of [[chairperson]]s of the [[All India Trinamool Congress]].
* [[Ajit Kumar Panja]] (1998–2001)
* [[Mamata Banerjee]] (2001–present)

===List of the national general secretaries===
This is a list of national [[general secretary|general secretaries]] of the [[All India Trinamool Congress]].
* [[Mukul Roy]] (2006—2015)
* [[Subrata Bakshi]] (2015–2021)
* [[Abhishek Banerjee (politician)|Abhishek Banerjee]] (2021—present)

==State/union territorial president and in-charge==
{{Unreferenced section|date=June 2023}}
This is a list of the official state, territorial and regional committees of the All India Trinamool Congress.

{| class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:center" width="70%"
!State/UT
!Committee
! President
! In-charge
|-
! colspan="4" align="center" style="background: #2EDF1C; color:white;" |State Committees of the All India Trinamool Congress
|-
| '''[[Andhra Pradesh]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Andhra Pradesh|AITC Andhra Pradesh]]
| '''NA'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Arunachal Pradesh]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Arunachal Pradesh|AITC Arunachal Pradesh]]
| '''NA'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Assam]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Assam|AITC Assam]]
| Ramen Chandra Borthakur
| [[Sushmita Dev]]
|-
| '''[[Bihar]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Bihar|AITC Bihar]]
| '''Mr. [[Kirti Azad]]'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Chhattisgarh]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Chhattisgarh|AITC Chhattisgarh]]
| '''NA'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Goa]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Goa|AITC Goa]]
| '''Mr. [[Samil Volvoikar]]'''
| '''Mr. [[Kirti Azad]]'''
|-
| '''[[Gujarat]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Gujarat|AITC Gujarat]]
| '''Mr. [[Jitendra Kumar Khadayata]]'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Haryana]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Haryana|AITC Haryana]]
| '''NA '''
| '''[[Sukhendu Shekhar Roy]]'''
|-
| '''[[Himachal Pradesh]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Himachal Pradesh|AITC Himachal Pradesh]]
| '''NA '''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Jharkhand]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Jharkhand|AITC Jharkhand]]
| '''NA '''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Karnataka]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Karnataka|AITC Karnataka]]
| '''NA'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Kerala]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Kerala|AITC Kerala]]
| '''Dr. Harish Palathingal'''
| '''[[Derek O'Brien (politician)|Derek O'Brien]]'''
|-
| '''[[Madhya Pradesh]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Madhya Pradesh|AITC Madhya Pradesh]]
| '''NA'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Maharashtra]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Maharashtra|AITC Maharashtra]]
| '''NA'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Manipur]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Manipur|AITC Manipur]]
| '''TBD'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Meghalaya]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Meghalaya|AITC Meghalaya]]
| '''Mr. [[Charles Pyngrope]]'''
| '''Mr. [[Manas Bhunia]]'''
|-
| '''[[Mizoram]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Mizoram|AITC Mizoram]]
| '''NA'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Nagaland]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Nagaland|AITC Nagaland]]
| '''NA'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Odisha]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Odisha|AITC Odisha]]
| ''' NA'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Punjab, India|Punjab]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Punjab|AITC Punjab]]
| '''[[Manjit Singh (Trinamool Congress)|Manjit Singh]]'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Rajasthan]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Rajasthan|AITC Rajasthan]]
| '''NA'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Sikkim]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Sikkim|AITC Sikkim]]
| '''NA'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Tamil Nadu]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Tamil Nadu|AITC Tamil Nadu]]
| '''Dr. [[Sabita Tamilini]]'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Telangana]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Telangana|AITC Telangana]]
| '''NA'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Tripura]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Tripura|AITC Tripura]]
| '''TBD'''
| '''[[Rajib Banerjee]]'''
|-
| '''[[Uttar Pradesh]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Uttar Pradesh|AITC Uttar Pradesh]]
| '''Laliteshpati Tripathi'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Uttarkhand]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Uttarkhand|AITC Uttarkhand]]
| '''NA'''
| ''' TBD'''
|-
| '''[[West Bengal]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, West Bengal|AITC West Bengal]]
| '''Mr. [[Subrata Bakshi]]'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
! colspan="4" align="center" style="background: #2EDF1C; color:white;" |Union Territorial Committees of the All India Trinamool Congress
|-
| '''[[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Andaman and Nicobar Islands|AITC Andaman and Nicobar Islands]]
| '''Ayan Mandal '''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Chandigarh]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Chandigarh|AITC Chandigarh]]
| '''NA'''
| '''NA'''
|-
| '''[[Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Dadra and Nagar Haveli|AITC Dadra and Nagar Haveli]]
| '''NA'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Lakshadweep]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Lakshadweep|AITC Lakshadweep]]
| '''NA '''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Delhi]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Delhi|AITC Delhi]]
| '''NA'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Jammu and Kashmir|AITC Jammu and Kashmir]]
| '''NA'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Ladakh]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Ladakh|AITC Ladakh]]
| '''NA'''
| '''TBD'''
|-
| '''[[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]]'''
| [[All India Trinamool Congress, Puducherry|AITC Puducherry]]
| '''NA '''
| '''Dr. [[Sabita Tamilini]] '''
|-
|}



== See also ==
{{Portal bar|India|Politics}}
* [[Indian National Congress breakaway parties]]
* [[Trinamool Youth Congress]]
* [[List of political parties in India]]
* [[Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance]]

== Notes ==
{{Notelist|40em}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Reflist|group=note}}

== Further reading ==
*{{Cite book|last1=Chatterjee|first1=Jyotiprasad|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d-u9DwAAQBAJ|title=Left Front and After: Understanding the Dynamics of Poriborton in West Bengal|last2=Basu|first2=Suprio|date=7 January 2020|publisher=SAGE Publishing India|isbn=978-93-5328-724-5|language=en|chapter=2. Rise and Growth of AITC}}
*{{Cite thesis|last=Piyali|first=Basu|title=Dynamics of Opposition Politics in West Bengal (1998–2011)|date=2017|publisher=Rabindra Bharati University|url=http://hdl.handle.net/10603/285507|doi=|hdl=10603/285507|place=[[Shodhganga]]}}

== External links ==
* {{Commons category-inline}}
* {{Official website}}
* [https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/index.htm ECI 2024 LOK SABHA RESULT]

{{Indian political parties}}
{{West Bengal}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Trinamool Congress| ]]
[[Category:1998 establishments in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Centre-left parties in Asia]]
[[Category:Centrist parties in India]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress breakaway groups]]
[[Category:Liberal parties in India]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1998]]
[[Category:Populist parties]]
[[Category:Progressive parties]]
[[Category:Social liberal parties]]
[[Category:Member parties of the Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance]]
[[Category:Political parties in India]][[Category:Former member parties of the National Democratic Alliance]]

Startup Singam

2026-04-29T04:04:12Z

Garrisonroofing:

{{Infobox television
| image =
| based_on = ''[[Shark Tank]]''
| genre = [[Reality television]]
| director =
| creator =
| channel = [[Star Vijay]]
| company =
| runtime = approx. 42–50 minutes per episode
| executive_producer =
| producer =
| location = [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
| list_episodes =
| num_episodes = 14
| num_seasons = 1
| language = Tamil
| country = India
| presenter = Angelin
| starring =
| camera = [[Multiple-camera setup|Multiple-camera]]
| first_aired = {{start date|2025|1|26|df=y}}
| last_aired = present
| related =
}}

'''''Startup Singam''''' is a 2025 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language business [[reality television ]]series that airs on [[Star Vijay]] and digitally streams on [[Disney+ Hotstar]]. The show is launched by Baanhem Ventures founded and curated by Hemachandran L and Invested by Kumar Vembu of Zoho. This show focuses on Entrepreneurs with Founders First Principle. The SINGAM represents Startup Founders not Investors. The show is hosted by Angelin.

The first season was had 13 episodes and feature 3 pitches per episode.<ref>{{cite web|author= Piyush Yadav |url=https://www.koimoi.com/television/startup-singam-tamil-nadu-gets-its-own-shark-tank-heres-all-we-know-about-the-show/|title=Startup Singam: Tamil Nadu Gets Its Own Shark Tank! Here's All We Know About The Show|website=www.koimoi.com|date=13 January 2025|language=en}}</ref> That premiered on 26 January 2025,<ref>{{cite web|author=Goutham S |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/startup-singam-when-and-where-to-watch-tamil-language-show-inspired-from-shark-tank-india-1368820|title=Startup Singam: When and where to watch Tamil-language show inspired from Shark Tank India|website=[[Pinkvilla]]|date=22 January 2025|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Neeshita Nyayapati |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tv/shark-tank-inspired-tamil-show-titled-startup-singam-launched-know-when-and-where-to-watch-101737528028329.html|title=Shark Tank 'inspired' Tamil show titled Startup Singam launched|website=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=22 January 2025|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Grace Cyril |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/inspired-by-shark-tank-tamil-nadu-brings-its-own-version-with-startup-singam-find-release-date-9197316.html|title=Inspired By Shark Tank, Tamil Nadu Brings Its Own Version With Startup Singam |website=[[News18 India]]|date=22 January 2025|language=en}}</ref> and aired on every Sunday at 11:30 am and ended with 14 episodes from 27 April 2025.

The second season of this show is get released by 25 January 2026.<ref>{{cite web|author=Grace Cyril |url=https://www.lokmattimes.com/business/startup-singam-drops-season-2-teaser-announces-january-25-premiere/|title=Startup Singam Drops Season 2 Teaser, Announces January 25 Premiere |website=www.lokmattimes.com|date=2 January 2026|language=en}}</ref>

==Series overview==
{{Series overview
| color1 = #74E387
| episodes1 = 14
| start1 = {{Start date|df=y|2025|1|26}}
| end1 = {{End date|2025|4|27|df=yes}}
| color2 = #004000
| episodes2 = TBA
| start2 = {{Start date|2026|1|25|df=yes}}
| end2 = {{N/A|TBA}}
}}

== Overview ==
It shows entrepreneurs making business presentations from [[Tamil Nadu]], called "Singam" on the program, to the Investors who decide whether to invest in their companies.<ref>{{cite web|author=Rajeswari Shankar |url=https://www.filmibeat.com/top-listing/startup-singam-launch-everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-show-concept-host-and-timings-5-3897.html#what-is-startup-singam|title=Startup Singam Launch: Everything You Need to Know About the Show Concept, Host, and Timings|website=[[Filmibeat]]|date=22 January 2025|language=en}}</ref>

== Season 1 ==
The first season was launched on 26 January and held its finale episode on 27 April 2025. Angelin was the host of the show. The first season received 39 startups from Tamil Nadu, out of which 12 investors and over 20 HNIs, with ₹24+ crore deployed 12 investors and over 20 HNIs, with ₹24+ crore deployed.

=== Startup Investors ===
;Main
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: ;color:black" |Investors
!style="background: ;color:black" | Company
|-
| [[Keerthy Suresh]]<ref>{{cite web|author= |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/tamil/startup-singam-keerthi-suresh-invests-60-lakh-in-young-entrepreneurs/articleshow/118600282.cms|title=Startup Singam: Keerthi Suresh invests ₹60 lakh in young entrepreneurs|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=27 February 2025|language=en}}</ref>
| Celebrity Investor
|-
| Suresh Ramanujam<ref name="Judges List">{{cite web|author= vigneshpv94|url=https://www.thenewsmedium.com/television/startup-singam-judges-list/|title=Startup Singam Judges List|website=thenewsmedium.com|date=23 February 2025|language=en}}</ref>
| CEO and Founder of Metis
|-
| Sriram Sankaran<ref name="Judges List" />
| Director at Nativelead
|-
| Prem Barthasarathy<ref name="Judges List" />
| Managing Partner at Pontaq
|-
| Ajesh Saklecha<ref name="Judges List" />
| Honorary Investment at JITO JIIF
|-
| Sathish Ganesan<ref name="Judges List" />
| Partner at IN44 Capital
|-
| Alex Pavan<ref name="Judges List" />
| Representing the UAE Tamil Angel Network
|-
| Nirmal Jain<ref name="Judges List" />
| Part of JITO JIIF
|-
| Anand Gupta<ref name="Judges List" />
| From Magnifiq Capital Trust
|-
| Sr. Gurushankar<ref name="Judges List" />
| Representing Meenakshi Mission Hospital
|-
| Vedha Arun<ref name="Judges List" />
| Part of the Native Lead Angel Network
|-
| Shailesh Haran<ref name="Judges List" />
| Part of JITO JIIF
|-
| Surendra Kolecha<ref name="Judges List" />
| Part of JITO JIIF
|-
| Aravind Solaimalai Pichai<ref name="Judges List" />
| Part of the Native Lead Angel Network
|-
| Sanjau Sethiya<ref name="Judges List" />
| Part of JITO JIIF
|}

;Startup Pavilion (HNI Investors)
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: ;color:black" | Investors
!style="background: ;color:black" | Company
|-
| Visalakshi<ref name="Judges List" />
| Metis Family Office
|-
| Vetha Arun<ref name="Judges List" />
| Nativelead Foundation
|-
| Satheesh Babu<ref name="Judges List" />
| Univercells
|-
| Parvez Alam<ref name="Judges List" />
| Crescent Innovation Incubation Council
|-
| Sameer Achan<ref name="Judges List" />
| Right4Paws
|-
|}

== Season 2 ==
The second season premiered on every Sunday at 11 from January 25, 2026 and consists of 26 episodes.<ref>{{cite web|author=|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/startup-singamseason-2-to-premier-today-aims-to-secure-investments-of-100-crore/article70548964.ece|title=Startup Singam season 2 to premier today, aims to secure investments of ₹100 crore |website=www.thehindubusinessline.com|date=25 January 2026|language=en}}</ref> Angelin has officially once again been appointed as the host for the second time. The second season Singam has secured Rs 100 crore in fresh investor from Tamil Nadu. From over 2,000 applications, 75 startups have been selected.<ref>{{cite web|author= |url=https://thefederal.com/category/business/startup-singam-season-2-rs-100-crore-fresh-investments-208385|title=Startup Singam’s Season 2 secures Rs 100 cr in fresh investments|website=thefederal.com|date=24 September 2025|language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.startupsingam.com/ ''Startup Singam'']
* {{IMDb title|tt35680514}}

{{STAR Vijay TV shows}}
{{Dragons' Den}}

[[Category:Star Vijay original programming]]
[[Category:2025 Tamil-language television series debuts]]
[[Category:Tamil-language reality television series]]
[[Category:Tamil-language television shows]]
[[Category:Television shows set in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Business-related television series]]
[[Category:Shark Tank]]
[[Category:2026 Tamil-language television seasons]]

Ansar Shaikh

2026-04-27T01:01:18Z

Garrisonroofing: New A Stub...

{{Short description|Indian Administrative Service officer}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Ansar Shaikh
| image =
| alt =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1994|06|1}}
| birth_place = [[Jalna, Maharashtra]], [[Maharashtra]]
| education =
| alma_mater = [[Fergusson College]]
| occupation = [[IAS officer]]
| honorific_suffix = [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]]
| employer = [[Government of India]]
| organization = [[Indian Administrative Service]]
| years_active = 2016–present
| spouse =
| father = Yonus Shaikh Ahmad
| mother = Adeela Shaikh
}}
'''Ansar Shaikh''' (born June 1, 1994) is an [[IAS officer|Indian Administrative Service officer]] working as the Additional District Magistrate of [[Malda district|Malda]], [[West Bengal]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/story/meet-indias-ias-officer-ansar-shaikh-2469383-2023-11-30 |title=Meet India's youngest IAS officer: Ansar Shaikh |date=30 November 2023 |author=Megha Chaturvedi |access-date=18 June 2024 |publisher=[[India Today]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/education/report-meet-ansar-shaikh-youngest-ias-officer-who-cleared-upsc-exam-at-the-age-of-21-father-was-a-driver-3037845 |title=Meet Ansar Shaikh, youngest IAS officer who cleared UPSC exam at the age of 21, father was a driver |date=21 April 2023 |author=DNA Web Team |access-date=18 June 2024 |publisher=[[Daily News and Analysis]]}}</ref><ref name="tnn">{{Cite news |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/education/ias-ansar-shaikh-youngest-ias-officer-who-cleared-upsc-at-age-of-21-article-108196289 |title=Meet IAS Ansar Shaikh, Youngest IAS Officer Who Cleared UPSC at Age of 21 |date=4 March 2023 |author=TN Education Desk |access-date=18 June 2024 |publisher=[[Times Now]]}}</ref> He is the '''2016 batch''' [[IAS officer]] of the West Bengal Cadre.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/education/report-meet-youngest-ias-officer-son-of-autorickshaw-driver-cracked-upsc-exam-at-21-his-air-was-3081519 |title=Meet youngest IAS officer, son of autorickshaw driver, cracked UPSC exam at 21 |date=15 March 2024 |author=Varnika Srivastava |access-date=18 June 2024 |publisher=[[Daily News and Analysis]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.india.com/webstories/education/ias-ansar-shaikh-educational-qualifications-upsc-rank-and-more-6760880/ |title=IAS Ansar Shaikh Educational Qualifications, UPSC Rank And More |date=3 March 2024 |author=Sumaila Zaman |access-date=18 June 2024 |publisher=[[India.com]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://muslimmirror.com/eng/ansar-ahmad-sheikh-the-youngest-ias-officer-of-the-country-will-join-west-bengal-cadre/ |title=Ansar Ahmad Sheikh, the youngest IAS officer of the country will join West Bengal cadre |date=31 July 2016 |access-date=18 June 2024 |publisher=[[Muslim Mirror]]}}</ref> He is the youngest IAS officer in India, and he joined the [[Indian Administrative Service]] at 21.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://hindi.news18.com/photogallery/career/success-story-of-ias-ansar-shaikh-youngest-ias-officer-upsc-exam-rank-4869727.html |title=Success Story: पिता चलाते थे ऑटो रिक्शा, 21 साल की उम्र में अंसार शेख ऐसे बने IAS |date=10 November 2022 |author=Deepali Porwal |access-date=18 June 2024 |language=hi |publisher=[[News18]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.indiatimes.com/trending/human-interest/ansar-shaikh-youngest-ias-officer-of-india-567069.html |title=Meet Ansar Shaikh: Auto Driver's Son Who Became The Youngest IAS Officer Of India |date=15 April 2022 |author=Anuj Tiwari |access-date=18 June 2024 |publisher=[[India Times]]}}</ref><ref name="byjus">{{Cite web |url=https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/ansar-shaikh-the-youngest-ias-officer/ |title=Ansar Shaikh The Youngest IAS Officer Of India At The Age Of 21 years |website=byjus.com |access-date=18 June 2024 |publisher=[[Byju's]]}}</ref>

==Early life==

Ansar Shaikh was born on 1 June 1994 in [[Jalna, Maharashtra|Jalna]], a city in [[Maharashtra]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/web-stories/education/-ias-officer-in-india-ansar-shaikh-cracked-upsc-at-21-ias-ansar-shaikh-current-posting-age-rank/photostory/103803321.cms |title=IAS Officer in India: Ansar Shaikh, Son of a Auto Driver Cracked UPSC at 21 |date=20 September 2023 |publisher=[[Times Now]] |access-date=8 June 2024 |author=TN Education Desk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://testbook.com/ias-preparation/ansar-shaikh--ias-officer |title= IAS Officer in India: Ansar Shaikh's Success Story |date=8 April 2024 |publisher=[[Testbook]] |access-date=8 June 2024 |website=testbook.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.pw.live/exams/upsc/youngest-ias-officer/ |title= IAS Officer of India, Ansar Shaikh's Success Story |date=22 May 2024 |website=pw.live |author=Deeksha Dixit |access-date=18 June 2024 |publisher=[[Physics Wallah]]}}</ref> His father, Yonus Shaikh Ahmad, is an autorickshaw driver, while his mother, Adeela Shaikh, works on the farm.<ref name="byjus"/><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/education/report-meet-ansar-shaikh-india-st-ias-officer-cracked-upsc-exam-at-21-father-is-autorickshaw-driver-3065134 |title=Meet India's IAS officer, cracked UPSC exam at 21, father is autorickshaw driver |author=Kajari Goswami |date=19 October 2023 |publisher=[[Daily News and Analysis]] |access-date=18 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/education/ias-success-story-meet-ansar-shaikh-son-of-an-autorickshaw-driver-who-defied-all-odds-to-become-ias-officer-at-age-21-2 |title=IAS Success Story: Meet Ansar Shaikh, Son Of An Autorickshaw Driver Who Defied All Odds To Become IAS officer At Age 21 |date=2 October 2023 |author=Megha Chowdhury |publisher=[[The Free Press Journal]] |access-date=18 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/mumbai/how-ansar-shaikh-cleared-the-upsc-exams/article8590610.ece |title=Iron will helps Ansar Shaikh crack the IAS |author=Shoumojit Banerjee |date=12 May 2016 |access-date=18 June 2024 |publisher=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>

==Education==

Ansar Shaikh passed 12th with '''91 percent''' marks.<ref name="tnn"/><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.timesnowhindi.com/education/youngest-ias-officer-ansar-shaikh-rank-age-biography-posting-10th-percentage-success-story-in-hindi-article-108198304 |title=Youngest IAS Officer Ansar Shaikh Rank Age Biography posting 10th percentage Success Story in Hindi |author=Neelaksh Singh |date=4 March 2024 |language=hi |publisher=[[Times Now]] |access-date=18 June 2024}}</ref> He completed his graduation in [[political science]] at [[Fergusson College]], [[Pune]], with 73 percent.<ref name="tnn"/><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/upsc-rank-holder-speaks-his-mind-i-am-shaikh-not-shubham-can-tell-everyone-now-2794302/ |title=UPSC rank holder speaks his mind: 'I am Shaikh, not Shubham, can tell everyone now' |date=11 May 2016 |author=Express News Service |publisher=[[The Indian Express]] |access-date=18 June 2024}}</ref> After graduating, he attended private coaching for IAS and cracked [[Civil Services Examination|UPSC]] on his '''first attempt''' at 21.<ref name="tnn"/><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.amarujala.com/education/success-story-of-ias-ansar-shaikh-who-cracked-upsc-at-the-age-of-21-2023-08-10 |title=Success Story: जानिए कौन हैं अंसार शेख, महज 21 वर्ष में यूपीएससी पास कर बने सबसे कम उम्र वाले IAS |author=Sweta Mahato |date=10 August 2023 |language=hi |publisher=[[Amar Ujala]] |access-date=18 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.jagran.com/news/education-ias-ansar-shaikh-success-story-became-ias-at-the-age-of-21-in-the-first-attempt-know-the-interesting-story-of-ansar-shaikh-23541177.html |title=IAS Ansar Shaikh Success Story: पहले प्रयास में 21 वर्ष की उम्र में बने IAS, ऐसी है अंसार शेख की कहानी |author=Amit Yadav |date=27 September 2023 |language=hi |publisher=[[Dainik Jagran]] |access-date=18 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/web-stories/these-6-upsc-rankers-won-over-poverty-to-make-their-dreams-come-true/photostory/108776374.cms |author=Ravi Shankar |date=26 March 2024 |publisher=[[Times of India]] |access-date=18 June 2024 |title=These 6 UPSC rankers won over poverty to make their dreams come true}}</ref>

==See also==

*[[Civil Services Examination]]
*[[Indian Administrative Service]]
*[[Union Public Service Commission]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Indian civil servants|state=expanded}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sheikh, Ansar}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1995 births]]
[[Category:District magistrate]]
[[Category:Indian civil servants]]
[[Category:Indian Administrative Service officers]]
[[Category:People from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian civil servants]]
[[Category:Indian government officials]]

Shakthisree Gopalan

2026-04-25T10:23:45Z

Garrisonroofing: adding new article w/ infobox

{{short description|Indian singer}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| background = person
| name = Shakthisree Gopalan
| image = Shakthisree Gopalan.jpg
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1987|10|25}}
| birth_place =
| genre = {{hlist||[[Pop music|Pop]]|[[R'n'B]]|[[Jazz]]|[[Playback singing]]|[[Indian Classical Music]]}}
| occupation = {{hlist|Singer|Lyricist|Composer|Activist}}
| instrument = {{hlist|Guitar|Vocals}}
| years_active = 2008–present
| past_member_of = {{ubl | Off The Record, | Pyjama Conspiracy}}
| website = {{URL|http://shakthisreegopalan.com/}}
}}

'''Shakthisree Gopalan''' is an Indian vocalist, composer, songwriter and performer, famous for her collaborations with the music composers like [[A.R. Rahman]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2017/jul/15/narrow-minded-and-insensitive-singer-shakthisree-gopalan-on-rahman-concert-walk-out-1629125.html |title=Narrow-minded and insensitive: Singer Shakthisree Gopalan on Rahman concert walk out |date=July 15, 2017 |work=New Indian Express |access-date=22 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181022232518/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2017/jul/15/narrow-minded-and-insensitive-singer-shakthisree-gopalan-on-rahman-concert-walk-out-1629125.html |archive-date=22 October 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> Aside from the film music, she is a regular in the independent music scene, performing with various bands over the years dabbling in Pop, [[Rhythm and blues|R'n'B]], [[Trip hop|trip-hop]] and [[jazz]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://indianrockmp3.com/2010/11/14/star-profile-shakthisree-gopalan/ |title=Know your stars: Shakthisree Gopalan |work=Indian Rock MP3 |access-date=6 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121118010356/http://indianrockmp3.com/2010/11/14/star-profile-shakthisree-gopalan/ |archive-date=18 November 2012 |url-status=usurped}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Shakthisree Gopalan was brought up in [[Kochi]], Kerala. She did her schooling in Rajagiri Public School, [[Kalamassery]]. She moved to [[Chennai]] after her school and pursued her degree in architecture at the Anna University's School of Architecture and Planning.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/arts/music/singing-away-to-glory/article4098414.ece |location=Chennai, India |work=The Hindu |title=Singing away to glory |date=15 November 2012 |access-date=19 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121118042124/http://www.thehindu.com/arts/music/singing-away-to-glory/article4098414.ece |archive-date=18 November 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref>

She was trained in [[Carnatic music]] for 13 years. During her 11th standard, SS Music conducted Voice Hunt 1. Since she was under 18, it ended with the auditions. Eventually in 2008, she won the second season of SS Music's Voice Hunt. She was first auditioned in November 2008 and got the opportunity to sing her debut song for the film ''[[TN 07 AL 4777]]''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Three's Company |url=http://www.thehindu.com/arts/music/article1089704.ece |work=The Hindu |accessdate=7 November 2012 |location=Chennai, India |first=Sudhish |last=Kamath |date=13 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108012047/http://www.thehindu.com/arts/music/article1089704.ece|archive-date=8 November 2012|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/november-fest/retro-music-at-the-hindu-november-fest/article7845875.ece |title=Taking the retro route |last=Ramanujam |first=Srinivasa |date=2015-11-05 |work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-09-26 |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

==Career==

=== 2008–2012: Career beginnings and playback debut ===
At the age of 13, Shakthisree Gopalan was already trained in the field of Carnatic music and rock. After having won the "SS Music Voice Hunt "<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ssmusictheblog.blogspot.in/ |title=SS Music |website=ssmusictheblog.blogspot.in|access-date=2017-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130302025521/http://ssmusictheblog.blogspot.in/|archive-date=2 March 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> title in the year 2008, Gopalan debuted into [[Playback singing|film playback]] in the same year in [[Vijay Antony|Vijay Antony's]] ''[[TN 07 AL 4777]]''. She subsequently went on to record a number of songs for films such as [[Rajadhi Raja (2009 film)|''Rajadhi Raja'']], ''[[Irumbukkottai Murattu Singam]]'' and [[Naan (2012 film)|''Naan'']]. She was placed third in the Chennai Live's Band hunt. In the year 2014, she performed in MCC (Madras Christian College) cultural fest at Deepwoods and [[National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli]] cultural fest [[Festember]], [[SASTRA University]] cultural fest Kuruksastra'14, [[Vellore Institute of Technology|VIT University]] cultural fest Riviera 14 and [[Madras Institute of Technology]] cultural fest [[Mitafest]] 15.

"Off the Record" consists of Vikram Vivekanand (Guitar), Satish Narayanan (Bass) and Tapas Naresh/Vinay Ramakrishnan (Drums).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.myband.co.in/Off_The_Record/ |title=Off the Record |website=My Band – Indian Music Bands |access-date=6 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113215416/http://www.myband.co.in/Off_The_Record/ |archive-date=13 November 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.myband.co.in/Off_The_Record/ |title=Off The Record|access-date=6 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113215416/http://www.myband.co.in/Off_The_Record/|archive-date=13 November 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== 2012–2016: Mainstream success ===
Shakthisree met A.R. Rahman when she got an assignment to design his music school, [[KM Music Conservatory]]. It was around that time she shared the music she had composed with him and got to sing 'Nenjukkulle' for the movie [[Kadal (2013 film)|Kadal]], which would catapult her into the spotlight. Although it was the first song of the duo's now long-lived collaboration, the eponymous title track for the composer's Bollywood film, ''[[Jab Tak Hai Jaan]]'' (2012) which they recorded after "Nenjukkulle", would release before it.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nathan |first=Archana |title='An explorer at heart': Shakthisree Gopalan on her film songs and indie music |url=https://scroll.in/reel/895021/an-explorer-at-heart-shakthisree-gopalan-on-her-film-songs-and-indie-music|access-date=2020-06-23 |website=Scroll.in |date=24 September 2018 |language=en-US}}</ref>

The string of major successes that followed includes her works on [[Raja Rani (2013 film)|Raja Rani]], [[Madras (film)|Madras]], [[Anegan]], [[Kaaki Sattai (2015 film)|Kaaki Sattai]], [[Kanchana 2]] among others. Not one to be confined to a single language, she also began her foray into the Telugu and Malayalam playback industries, finding just as much success in dubbed versions of Raja Rani and Kanchana 2, and [[Charlie (2015 Malayalam film)|Charlie]].

=== 2016–present: Song releases ===
She also released 'By Your Side' in December 2016, in which she collaborated with Hari Dafusia, a Toronto-based keyboardist-producer, and Nigel Roopnarine, a bass player.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Anirudh-to-release-Shakthisree%E2%80%99s-single/article16917859.ece |title=Anirudh to release Shakthisree's single |last=Ramanujam |first=Srinivasa |date=2016-12-21 |work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-11-14 |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161222165104/http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/Anirudh-to-release-Shakthisree%E2%80%99s-single/article16917859.ece|archive-date=22 December 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> Apart from playback singing for movies, she also collaborated with Prashanth and released an indie single called Begin in November 2017.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.indulgexpress.com/entertainment/celebs/2017/nov/03/shakthisree-gopalans-new-indie-single-begin-releases-today-4445--1.html |title=Shakthisree Gopalan's new indie single Begin releases today |work=The New Indian Express|access-date=2017-11-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114145331/http://www.indulgexpress.com/entertainment/celebs/2017/nov/03/shakthisree-gopalans-new-indie-single-begin-releases-today-4445--1.html|archive-date=14 November 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

She recorded the song ''Aga Naga'' for [[A. R. Rahman]] in the film [[Production of Ponniyin Selvan: I and Ponniyin Selvan: II|Ponniyin Selvan]], which was first used as a short background song in the first part of the movie. The song gained immense popularity among the audiences upon release of the first part. The entire song was then released as part of the main soundtrack of the second part.

=== 2024–present: Debut as a composer ===
She is set to debut as a music composer in January 2024 for the film ''The Test'' directed by [[S. Sashikanth]] and starring [[R. Madhavan|Madhavan]], [[Nayanthara]], [[Siddharth (actor)|Siddharth]], and [[Meera Jasmine]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-12 |title=TEST: Makers of R Madhavan, Nayanthara and Siddharth starrer film DROP new look on Diwali 2023 |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/test-makers-of-r-madhavan-nayanthara-and-siddharth-starrer-film-drop-new-look-on-diwali-2023-1258092 |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=PINKVILLA |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-11-12 |title=Stunning new poster of Madhavan – Nayanthara's 'Test' released as Diwali treat – Tamil News |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/madhavan-nayanthara-test-movie-new-poster-siddharth-y-not-studios-sasikanth-tamil-news-345493 |access-date=2023-11-24 |website=IndiaGlitz.com}}</ref> Music composer [[A. R. Rahman]] announced her debut as music director on Twitter on 4 May 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-05-04 |title=Shakthisree Gopalan turns music director for Madhavan & Siddharth's 'Test' |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/shakthisree-gopalan-turns-music-director-for-madhavan-siddharths-test/articleshow/99991926.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-11-24 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

==Discography==
=== Composer ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ List of composer credits
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Language
|-
|2025 || '' [[Test (2025 film)|Test]]'' || Tamil
|}

=== Cover singer ===
:''Source:''<ref>{{Cite web |title=LiveJAM videos – YouTube |url=https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV9TFBeybFhIDwZo2nFVIrKk |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=www.youtube.com}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+ List of cover singing credits
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Song
! scope="col" | Co-artists
! scope="col" | Original Artist
! class="unsortable" scope="col" | {{refh}}
|-
|2014
| "[[Crazy (Gnarls Barkley song)|Crazy]]"
|Michael Dias, Cherian K K
|[[Gnarls Barkley]]
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Gnarls Barkley – Crazy (Cover) – Mad Shakthi Cherry Works Ft. Carl & David | date=22 October 2014 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_M7n4gyaIMM&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV9TFBeybFhIDwZo2nFVIrKk |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2015
| "Nocturne"
|Michael Dias, Cherian K K
|[[Pentagram (Indian band)|Pentagram]]
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Pentagram – Nocturne (Cover) – Mad Shakthi Cherry Works Ft. Carl & David | date=13 June 2015 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0t_1K8UhdpU&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV9TFBeybFhIDwZo2nFVIrKk |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2017
| "[[Caramel (Suzanne Vega song)|Caramel]]"
|
|[[Suzanne Vega|Susan Vega]], [[Chiara Civello]]
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Caramel (Cover by Shakthisree Gopalan and Band Live at Bay 146) | date=2 April 2017 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d0ZsQbjsR-E&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV9TFBeybFhIDwZo2nFVIrKk |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2021 || "[[I'd Rather Go Blind]]" || Vikram Vivekanand, Conrad Simmons
|[[Etta James]]
|<ref>{{Citation |title=I'd Rather Go Blind – Etta James (Cover) – Shakthisree Gopalan Ft. Vikram Vivekanand, Conrad Simmons | date=27 March 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P_hBgx-qdt8&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV9TFBeybFhIDwZo2nFVIrKk |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| "[[Summertime (George Gershwin song)|Summertime]]"
|David Joseph, Naveen Napier, Shyam Benjamin
|[[George Gershwin]]
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Summertime (Live Cover) – Shakthisree Gopalan ft. David Joseph, Naveen Napier, Shyam Benjamin | date=23 April 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8lsp6vkhShI&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV9TFBeybFhIDwZo2nFVIrKk |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| "[[Naima]]" (1959)
|David Joseph, Naveen Napier, Shyam Benjamin
|[[John Coltrane]]
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Naima (Live Cover) – Shakthisree Gopalan ft. David Joseph, Naveen Napier, Shyam Benjamin | date=30 April 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7WqrtEvRHWs&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV9TFBeybFhIDwZo2nFVIrKk |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|}

=== Independent singer ===
:''Source:''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Independent Music |url=https://www.shakthisreegopalan.com/independentmusic |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Shakthisree Gopalan |language=en-US}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+ List of singing credits
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Song
! scope="col" | Co-artists
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | {{refh}}
|-
| 2011 || "Little Star" || Shyam Benjamin
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Little Star ft. Shyam Benjamin (Official Music Video) | date=4 November 2011 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X4YIw6gOYG8&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV8o1jLLID5n04w3g32fReHa&index=10 |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| 2012
| "Voices"
|
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Shakthisree Gopalan – Voices (Official Music Video) | date=21 June 2012 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8243PFfy2Bw&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV8o1jLLID5n04w3g32fReHa&index=9 |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2016
| "By Your Side"
|Dafusia
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Shakthisree Gopalan ft. Dafusia – By Your Side (Official Music Video) | date=22 December 2016 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nR1MaOqf6gA&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV8o1jLLID5n04w3g32fReHa&index=8 |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2017
| "Begin"
|Prashanth Techno
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Shakthisree Gopalan and Prashanth Techno – BEGIN (Official Video) | date=3 November 2017 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IQYROVVkNk4&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV8o1jLLID5n04w3g32fReHa&index=7 |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2018
| "Phir Wahin"
|
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Phir Wahin – Shakthisree Gopalan (Official Music Video) | date=18 February 2018 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fGT4nIAMimQ&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV8o1jLLID5n04w3g32fReHa&index=6 |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2019
| "Wake Up"
|Prashanth Techno
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Shakthisree Gopalan – Wake Up feat. Prashanth Techno (Official Audio) | date=16 March 2019 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMlhRpLB3fI&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV8o1jLLID5n04w3g32fReHa&index=4 |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2020
| "Cycle Gap"
|
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Shakthisree Gopalan – Cycle Gap (Official Music Video) | date=14 February 2020 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EjfaN-souw4&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV8o1jLLID5n04w3g32fReHa&index=5 |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2020
| "Birds and the Bees"
|Alfie
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Shakthisree Gopalan & Alfie : Birds and the Bees (Official Music Video) | date=26 June 2020 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C7vPr7y4Sqk&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV8o1jLLID5n04w3g32fReHa&index=3 |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2021
| "Nee Pothumey"
|Akshay Yesodharan
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Shakthisree Gopalan ft. Akshay Yesodharan : Nee Podhumey (Official Music Video) | date=26 February 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPYEfJPSQIM&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV8o1jLLID5n04w3g32fReHa&index=2 |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Official Press Release – Nee Podhumey |url=https://www.shakthisreegopalan.com/nee-podhumey |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Shakthisree Gopalan |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
| "Litle Star" (10 years remix)
|Shyam Benjamin, David Joseph and Naveen Napier
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Little Star (Live 2021) – Shakthisree Gopalan ft. Shyam Benjamin, David Joseph and Naveen Napier | date=22 May 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJ6PoIqYDNI&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV9TFBeybFhIDwZo2nFVIrKk |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2022
| "Love is..."
|Sio Tepper
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Shakthisree Gopalan ft. Sio Tepper – Love is... | date=14 February 2022 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yljT0hRhxh4&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV8o1jLLID5n04w3g32fReHa&index=1 |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2023
| "Old Friend"
|
|<ref>{{Citation |title=Shakthisree Gopalan – Old Friend | date=14 February 2023 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8I3SoTdM3_k&list=PLhOg3Y1WQTV9TFBeybFhIDwZo2nFVIrKk&index=12 |access-date=2023-08-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2024
|"Rekka"
|Vathshan Uthayakumar
|<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wJsRKy20j4k |title=Rekka {{!}} Vathshan & Shakthisree Gopalan {{!}} Official Music Video {{!}} MJ Melodies {{!}} Arun Ananth {{!}} Tamil |date=2024-08-07 |last=Vathshan Uthayakumar |access-date=2025-10-24 |via=YouTube}}</ref>
|-
|2024
|"Thozhiye"
|Sahi Siva
|<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yExELYaKaMc |title=Sahi Siva {{!}} Thozhiye (feat. @shakthisreegopalan ) {{!}} Johnavan Thomas {{!}} Official Music Video (2024) |date=2024-10-22 |last=Sahi Siva |access-date=2025-10-24 |via=YouTube}}</ref>
|}

=== Playback singer ===
:''Source:''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Film Music |url=https://www.shakthisreegopalan.com/regional-music |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Shakthisree Gopalan |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Tamil ===
{| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders"
|+ List of Tamil film playback singing credits
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Song
! scope="col" | Composer
! scope="col" | Co-Singers
|-
| rowspan="1" |2008
| scope="row" | ''[[TN 07 AL 4777]]''
| "Sorgam Madhuvile" || [[Vijay Antony]]
| [[Rahul Nambiar]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |2009
| scope="row" | ''[[Rajadhi Raja (2009 film)|Rajadhi Raja]]''
| "Yelantha Pazham" || [[Karunas]]
| Dinesh
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Vettaikaaran (2009 film)|Vettaikaaran]]''
| "En Uchimandai" || [[Vijay Antony]]
| [[Krishna Iyer]], [[Shoba Chandrasekhar]], [[Charulatha Mani]]
|-
| rowspan="4" |2010
| scope="row" | ''[[Irumbu Kottai Murattu Singam]]''
| "Raja Sindinesm" || [[G V Prakash Kumar|G. V. Prakash Kumar]]
| Rahul Nambiar, Big Nikk
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Kattradhu Kalavu]]''
| "Sudhandiram" || Paul J
|
|-
| rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup" | ''[[Dam 999]]''
| "Everyday"|| rowspan="2" | [[Ouseppachan]]
| Ouseppachan
|-
| "Dakkanaga"
| [[Suchith Suresan]], Ouseppachan
|-
| rowspan="1" |2011
| scope="row" | ''[[Naan (2012 film)|Naan]]''
| "Makkayala" || [[Vijay Antony]]
| [[Krishan Maheson]], Mark Thomas
|-
| rowspan="4" |2012
| scope="row" | ''[[Konjam Koffee Konjam Kaadhal]]''
| "Uyir Thozha" || Phani Kalyan
|
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Kadal (soundtrack)|Kadal]]''
| "Nenjukkulle" || [[A R Rahman|A. R. Rahman]]
| A.R. Rahman
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Haridas (2013 film)|Haridas]]''
| "Vazhkaiye" || [[Vijay Antony]]
| [[Maalavika Manoj]], GNR Kumar
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Maryan (soundtrack)|Maryan]]''
| "Enga Pona Raasa" || [[A R Rahman|A. R. Rahman]]
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |2013
| scope="row" | ''[[Irandaam Ulagam]]''
| "Mannavane" || [[Harris Jayaraj]]
| Gopal Rao
|-
| rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup" | ''[[Raja Rani (2013 film)|Raja Rani]]''
| "Angnyaade"|| rowspan="2" | [[G V Prakash Kumar|G. V. Prakash Kumar]]
|
|-
| "Imaye Imaye"
| [[G. V. Prakash Kumar]]
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Aarambam]]''
| "Hare Rama" || [[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
| [[Tanvi Shah]]
|-
| rowspan="6" |2014
| scope="row" | ''[[Aaha Kalyanam]]''
| "Padhiye Padhiye"|| [[Dharan Kumar]]
|
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Velmurugan Borewells]]''
| "Sathamilla Muttu Pola"|| [[Srikanth Deva]]
|
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Malini 22 Palayamkottai]]''
| "Vinmeengal"|| Aravind–Shankar
|
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Madras (film)|Madras]]''
| "Naan Nee"|| [[Santhosh Narayanan]]
| [[Dhee (singer)|Dhee]]
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Vizhi Moodi Yosithaal]]''
| "Saala Saloothey"|| B.Aathif
| Deepak, Vikram
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Vaayai Moodi Pesavum]]''
| "Kadhal Ara Onnu Vizundhuchu"|| [[Sean Roldan]]
| [[Sean Roldan]]
|-
| rowspan="9" |2015
| scope="row" | ''[[Anegan]]''
| "Thodu Vaanam"||[[Harris Jayaraj]]
| [[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]]
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Kaaki Sattai (2015 film)|Kaaki Sattai]]''
| "Kadhal Kan Kattudhe" || [[Anirudh Ravichander]]
| [[Anirudh Ravichander]]
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Mahabalipuram (film)|Mahabalipuram]]''
| "Usrey Nee" || [[K (Indian composer)|K]]
| Imman
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Agathinai]]''
| "Ilaigalile Sadugudu Nadathuthu" || Maria Manohar
| Maria Manohar
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Kanchana 2]]''
| "Vaaya En Veera" || [[Leon James (composer)|Leon James]]
|
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Vasuvum Saravananum Onna Padichavanga]]''
| "Adada Onnum Solladha" || [[D Imman]]
| [[Benny Dayal]]
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Maya (2015 Tamil film)|Maya]]''
| "Thoonga Kangal" || [[Ron Ethan Yohann]]
|
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Vedalam]]''
| "Don't You Mess With Me" || [[Anirudh Ravichander]]
| [[Shruti Haasan]]
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Eetti]]''
| "Naan Pudicha Mosakuttiye" || [[G.V. Prakash Kumar]]
| G. V. Prakash Kumar
|-
| rowspan="3" |2016
| scope="row" | ''[[Azhagu Kutti Chellam|Azhagu Kutty Chellam]]''
| "Azhagu Kutty Chellam" || [[Ved Shankar|Ved Shanker Sugavanam]]
|
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[24 (2016 film)|24]]''
| "Aararo" || [[A R Rahman|A. R. Rahman]]
|
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Thirunaal]]''
| "Ore Oru Vaanam"
| [[Srikanth Deva]]
| [[Mahalakshmi Iyer]]
|-
| rowspan="5" |2017
| scope="row" | ''[[Dhayam]]''
| "Kolai Ondrey" || Sathish Selvam
|
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Sangili Bungili Kadhava Thorae]]''
| "Hai En Kai Mela"
| [[Vishal Chandrasekhar]]
| Anirudh Ravichander
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Vikram Vedha]]''
|"Yaanji Yaanji"
| [[Sam C. S.]]
|Anirudh Ravichander, D. Sathyaprakash
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Aval (2017 film)|Aval]]''
| "Kaarigai Kanne"
| [[Girishh G|Girishh]]
|[[Vijay Prakash]]
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Velaikkaran (2017 film)|Velaikkaran]]''
|"Vaa Velaikkara"
| [[Anirudh Ravichander]]
|[[Bjorn Surrao]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |2018
| rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup" | ''[[Chekka Chivantha Vaanam]]''
| "Bhoomi Bhoomi" || rowspan="2" |[[A. R. Rahman]]
|
|-
|"Kalla Kalavani"
|[[Lady Kash]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |2019
| scope="row" | [[Dev (2019 film)|''Dev'']]
|"Oru Nooru Murai"
|[[Harris Jayaraj]]
|[[D. Satya Prakash|D. Sathyaprakash]]
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[The Lion King (2019 film)|The Lion King]]'' (dubbed)
|"Vaazhkaiye Vattamaai/Nants' Ingonyama"
|[[Elton John]]
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2020
| scope="row" | ''[[Odavum Mudiyadhu Oliyavum Mudiyadhu]]''
|"Magave"||Kaushik Krish
|
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Dharala Prabhu]]''
|"Payanangal"||Bharath Shankar
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2021
| scope="row" | ''[[Oh Manapenne]]''
|"Nee Yenadharuginil Nee"||[[Vishal Chandrasekhar]]
|
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Kaathu Vaakula Rendu Kaadhal]]''
|"Rendu Kadhal"||[[Anirudh Ravichander]]
|[[Anirudh Ravichander]], Aishwarya Suresh Bindra
|-
| rowspan="7" |2023
| scope="row" | ''[[Pathu Thala]]''
| "Ninaivirukka"
| rowspan="3" |[[A. R. Rahman]]
|[[A. R. Ameen]]
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Ponniyin Selvan: II]]''
|"Aga Naga"
|
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Maamannan]]''
|"Nenjame Nenjame"
|[[Vijay Yesudas]]
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Iraivan]]''
|"Idhu Pola"
|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Leo (2023 Indian film)|Leo]]''
|"Villain Yaaru"
|[[Anirudh Ravichander]]
|[[Anirudh Ravichander]]
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Minmini (2024 film)|Minmini]]''
|"Iru Perum Nadhigal"
|[[Khatija Rahman]]
|
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Blue Star (film)|Blue Star]]''
|"Railin Oligal"
|[[Govind Vasantha]]
|[[Pradeep Kumar (musician)|Pradeep Kumar]]
|-
|rowspan="4"|2024
| scope="row" | ''[[Singappenney (film)|Singappenney]]''
|"Idha Thane Ethir Paathen"
|Kumaran Sivamani
|
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Laandhar]]''
|"Ayalpirai"
|M. S. Prraveen
|
|-
| scope="row" | ''[[Lover (2024 film)|Lover]]''
|"Thaensudarae"
|[[Sean Roldan]]
|[[Sean Roldan]]
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Emakku Thozhil Romance]]''
|"Vaada Poda (Reprise)"
|[[Nivas K. Prasanna]]
|
|-
| rowspan="7" |2025
|''[[Niram Marum Ulagil]]''
|"Aazhi"
| colspan="2" |Dev Prakash Regan
|-
| rowspan="3" |''[[Test (2025 film)|Test]]''
|"Hope"
| rowspan="3" |Shakthisree Gopalan
|
|-
|"Lullaby"
|
|-
|"Hope" (Remix)
|Kunal Merchant
|-
|''[[Thug Life (2025 film)|Thug Life]]''
|"Jinguchaa"
|A. R. Rahman
|[[Vaishali Samant]], [[Adithya RK]]
|-
|''[[Others (film)|Others]]''
|"Oru Paarvai Paarthavanae"
|[[Ghibran Vaibodha|Ghibran]]
|Namitha Babu
|-
|''[[Yellow (2025 film)|Yellow]]''
|"Megangal"
|Cliffy Chris & Anand Kashinath
|
|-
| 2026
|''[[Thalaivar Thambi Thalaimaiyil]]''
|"Poyi Vaadi"
|colspan="2"|[[Vishnu Vijay]]
|-
|}

=== Malayalam ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|+ List of film playback singing credits in Malayalam
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Song
! scope="col" | Composer
|-
| rowspan="3" |2013
! scope="row" | ''KQ''
|"Chenthalire"
|[[Stephen Devassy]]
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Camel Safari]]''
|"Suruma Suruma"
|Deepankuran
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Pattam Pole]]''
|"Hey Vennila"
|[[M. Jayachandran]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |2014
! scope="row" | ''[[Samsaaram Aarogyathinu Haanikaram]]''
|"Thammil Oru Vaaku"
|[[Sean Roldan]]
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Mr. Fraud]]''
|"Poonthikale"
|[[Gopi Sundar]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |2015
! scope="row" | ''[[Neena (film)|Neena]]''
|"Remember You"
|Nikhil J Menon
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Charlie (2015 Malayalam film)|Charlie]]''
|"Pularikalo"
|[[Gopi Sunder]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |2016
! rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup" |''[[Jalam (film)|Jalam]]''
|"Koodu Vekkan"
| rowspan="3" |[[Ouseppachan]]
|-
|"Yathra Manoramayude"
|-
|"Bhoomiyil Enganum"
|-
| rowspan="2" |2017
! scope="row" | ''[[Adventures of Omanakuttan]]''
|"Ilamai"
|Arun
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Villain (2017 film)|Villain]]''
|"Angkale"
|[[4 Musics]]
|-
| rowspan="3" |2018
! scope="row" | ''[[Hey Jude (film)|Hey Jude]]''
|"Nishashalabame"
|[[M. Jayachandran]]
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Parole (2018 film)|Parole]]''
|"Ilakalayi Pookalayi"
|Evelyn
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Mandharam]]''
|"Pulari Mazhakal"
|[[Mujeeb Majeed]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |2019
! scope="row" | ''[[Uyare]]''
|"Kaatil"
|[[Gopi Sundar]]
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Saaho]]'' (dubbed)
|"Ekantha Thaarame"
|[[Guru Randhawa]]
|-
|2022
! scope="row" | ''[[Thallumaala]]''
|"Tupathu"
|[[Vishnu Vijay]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |2023
!scope="row"|''[[Ponniyin Selvan: II]]''
|"Akamalar"
|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Falimy]]''
|"Karayaruthe"
|[[Vishnu Vijay]]
|-
|2024
! scope="row" | ''[[Premalu]]''
|"Welcome to Hyderabad"
|[[Vishnu Vijay]]
|-
|2025
! scope="row" | ''[[Sarvam Maya]]''
|"Puthu Mazha"
|[[Justin Prabhakaran]]
|}

=== Telugu ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|+ List of film playback singing credits in Telugu
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Song
! scope="col" | Composer
|-
| rowspan="3" |2014
! rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup" |''[[Raja Rani (2013 film)|Raja Rani]]'' (dubbed)
|"Ayyare Ayyare"
| rowspan="2" |[[G V Prakash Kumar|G. V. Prakash Kumar]]
|-
|"Vinave Vinave"
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Maine Pyar Kiya (2014 film)|Maine Pyar Kiya]]''
|"Shwaase Nuvve"
|[[Pradeep Kumar (musician)|Pradeep Kumar]]
|-
|2015
! scope="row" | ''[[Kanchana 2]]'' (dubbed)
|"Reppakela Vodharpu"
|[[Leon James (composer)|Leon James]]
|-
|2016
! scope="row" | ''[[Ghatana]]''
|"Nakosam"
|Aravind–Shankar
|-
|2017
! scope="row" | ''[[Mental Madhilo]]''
|"Oohale"
|Prashanth R Vihari
|-
| rowspan="3" |2018
! scope="row" | ''[[Yuddham Sharanam|Yuddam Saranam]]''
|"Yelugula Taraley"
|[[Vivek Sagar]]
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup" |''[[Chekka Chivantha Vaanam|Nawab]]'' (dubbed)
|"Bhaga Bhaga"
| rowspan="2" |[[A R Rahman|A. R. Rahman]]
|-
|"Nannu Nammanee"
|-
| rowspan="3" |2019
! scope="row" | ''[[Suryakantham (film)|Suryakantham]]''
|"Nenena Nenena"
|Mark K Robin
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Jersey (2019 film)|Jersey]]''
|"Padhe Padhe"
|[[Anirudh Ravichander]]
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[The Lion King (2019 film)|The Lion King]]'' (dubbed)
|"Jeevana Chakkram/Nants' Ingonyama"
|[[Elton John]]
|-
|2021
! scope="row" | ''[[Eakam]]''
|"Yekkadi Maanusha Janmam"
|[[Jose Franklin]]
|-
| rowspan="4" |2023
! scope="rowgroup" |''[[Ponniyin Selvan: II]]''
| "Aaganandhe"
|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Samajavaragamana (film)|Samajavaragamana]]''
|"Humsafar"
|[[Gopi Sundar]]
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup" |''[[Hi Nanna]]''
|"Ammaadi"
| rowspan="2" |[[Hesham Abdul Wahab]]
|-
|"Asalelaa"
|-
|2025
! scope="row" | ''[[Patang (2025 film)|Patang]]''
|"Tai Tai Tai"
|Jose Jimmy
|-
|2026
! scope="row" | ''[[Bad Boy Karthik]]''
|"Pommante"
|[[Harris Jayaraj]]
|}

=== Other languages ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|+ List of film playback singing credits in other languages
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Song
! scope="col" | Language
! scope="col" | Composer
|-
|2012
! scope="row" | ''[[Jab Tak Hai Jaan]]''
|"Jab Tak Hai Jaan"
|Hindi
|[[A R Rahman|A. R. Rahman]]
|-
|2014
! scope="row" | ''Chaturbhuja''
|"Ee Tharadha Jothegara"
|Kannada
|[[Poornachandra Tejaswi (composer)|Poornachandra Tejaswi]]
|-
|2016
! scope="row" | Single
|"By Your Side"
|English
|Hari Dafusia, Nigel Roopnarine
|-
|2017
! scope="row" | Single
|"Begin"
|English
|Prashanth
|-
|2023
! scope="row" | ''[[Sapta Sagaradaache Ello - Side A]]''
|"Kanmaraye Kaade"
|Kannada
|[[Charan Raj (composer)|Charan Raj]]
|}

==Filmography==
=== As a dubbing artist ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ List of film dubbing credits
|- style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;"
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Language
! scope="col" | Dubbing for
|-
| 2013 || ''[[Kadal (2013 film)|Kadal]]'' || Tamil || [[Lakshmi Manchu]]
|-
| 2013 || ''[[Annayum Rasoolum]]'' || Malayalam || [[Andrea Jeremiah]]
|-
| 2021 || ''[[Maara]]'' || Tamil || [[Shraddha Srinath]]
|-
| 2021 ||''[[Nizhal (2021 film)|Nizhal]]'' || Malayalam || [[Nayanthara]]
|-
|2025
|''[[Sarvam Maya]]''
|Malayalam
|[[Preity Mukhundhan|Preity Mukundan]]
|}

==Awards and nominations==
She has won the [[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Tamil]] and the [[Vijay Award for Best Female Playback Singer]] for singing ''"Nenjukkulle"'' from ''[[Kadal (soundtrack)|Kadal]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |title=I would like to play a superwoman: Shakthisree Gopalan |work=The Times of India |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/I-would-like-to-play-a-superwoman-Shakthisree-Gopalan/articleshow/46297150.cms |url-status=live |access-date=2017-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108171728/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/I-would-like-to-play-a-superwoman-Shakthisree-Gopalan/articleshow/46297150.cms |archive-date=8 November 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Shakthisree Gopalan comes to M-Town |work=The Times of India |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/Shakthisree-Gopalan-comes-to-M-Town/articleshow/19678329.cms |url-status=live |access-date=2017-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107065314/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/Shakthisree-Gopalan-comes-to-M-Town/articleshow/19678329.cms |archive-date=7 January 2018}}</ref>

Following is a list of Awards won by Shakthisree<ref>{{Cite web |title=About |url=https://www.shakthisreegopalan.com/about |access-date=2023-08-26 |website=Shakthisree Gopalan |language=en-US}}</ref>
*Won – Femina Award-Women of Power
*Won – [[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Tamil]] – "Nenjukkulle" – ''[[Kadal (soundtrack)|Kadal]]''
*Won – Radio Mirchi Music Awards Vocalist of the Year
*Won – [[South Indian International Movie Awards|SIIMA Award Best Playback Singer Female Tamil]]
*Won – The Pride of Tamil Nadu Award
*Won – [[Vijay Award for Best Female Playback Singer]] – "Nenjukkulle" – ''[[Kadal (soundtrack)|Kadal]]''
*Won – [[SIIMA Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Telugu]] – "Ammaadi" – [[Hi Nanna (soundtrack)|''Hi Nanna'']]
*Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Tamil]] – "Naan Nee" – ''[[Madras (film)|Madras]]''
*Nominated-[[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Tamil]] – "Bhoomi Bhoomi" – ''[[Chekka Chivantha Vaanam]]''
*Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Telugu]] – "Ammaadi" – ''[[Hi Nanna]]''
*Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Tamil]] – "Aga Naga" – ''[[Ponniyin Selvan: II]]''
*Nominated – [[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Tamil]] – "Nenjame Nenjame" – ''[[Maamannan]]''
*Nominated – [[SIIMA Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Tamil]] – "Bhoomi Bhoomi" – ''[[Chekka Chivantha Vaanam]]''
*Nominated – [[Vijay Award for Best Female Playback Singer]] – "Naan Nee" – ''[[Madras (film)|Madras]]''

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Shakthisree Gopalan}}{{Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer - Tamil}}{{SIIMA Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Telugu}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gopalan, Shakthisree}}
[[Category:21st-century Indian guitarists]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women singers]]
[[Category:21st-century women guitarists]]
[[Category:Hindi-language playback singers]]
[[Category:Film musicians from Kerala]]
[[Category:Filmfare Awards South winners]]
[[Category:Indian jazz singers]]
[[Category:Indian songwriters]]
[[Category:Indian women jazz singers]]
[[Category:Indian women playback singers]]
[[Category:Indian women pop singers]]
[[Category:Indian women songwriters]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Musicians from Kochi]]
[[Category:Place of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Tamil-language playback singers]]
[[Category:Women musicians from Kerala]]
[[Category:South Indian International Movie Awards winners]]
[[Category:IIFA Utsavam winners]]
[[Category:1987 births]]

Alaihuddin Taha

2026-04-23T07:56:36Z

Garrisonroofing: New Post

{{Short description|Bruneian diplomat (born 1958)}}
{{Malay name|Alaihuddin|Mohamad Taha| note = on}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{notability|1=Biographies|date=May 2024}}
{{AI-generated|date=March 2026|reason=since initial 2024 versions; article creator has many AI articles around this time and this also displays [[WP:AISIGNS]] e.g., superficial analyses, vocab distribution typical of 2024 LLM text etc}}
}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix = [[His Excellency]] [[Malay styles and titles|Dato Paduka]]
| name = Alaihuddin Taha
| honorific_suffix = [[Order of Seri Paduka Mahkota Brunei|DPMB]]
| image = H.E. Mr. Dato Alaihuddin Mohamad Taha.jpg
| office = [[List of high commissioners of Brunei to India|High Commissioner of Brunei to India]]
| term_start = 22 September 2021
| monarch = [[Hassanal Bolkiah]]
| term_end =
| predecessor = [[Sidek Ali]]
| office1 = [[List of high commissioners of Brunei to Malaysia|High Commissioner of Brunei to Malaysia]]
| term_start1 = 25 November 2014
| term_end1 = December 2020
| predecessor1 = [[Ishaaq Abdullah]]
| successor1 = [[Mahmud Saidin]]
| office2 = [[List of permanent representatives of Brunei to the United Nations in Geneva|Permanent Representative of Brunei to the United Nations in Geneva]]
| term_start2 = July 2007
| term_end2 = 15 April 2008
| predecessor2 = [[Mahadi Wasli]]
| successor2 = [[Janin Erih]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1958|05|29|df=yes}}
| occupation = {{flatlist|
*Diplomat
*civil servant}}
| alma_mater = [[North Staffordshire Polytechnic]]
| spouse = Mariani Bungsu
| native_name = {{no bold|عليه الدين طه}}
| parents = Taha Hussain (father)
| caption = Dato Alaihuddin in 2021
| relations = Abu Hurairah (brother)
}}

'''Alaihuddin bin Haji Mohamad Taha''' (born 29 May 1958)<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last=Jatswan S. Sidhu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bry0sOwstIMC&dq=Dato+Paduka+Haji+Alaihuddin&pg=PA18 |title=Historical Dictionary of Brunei Darussalam |date=2009-12-22 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-7078-9 |pages=19 |language=en}}</ref> is a Bruneian [[diplomat]] who has held the post of [[Brunei–India relations|high commissioner to India]] since 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Protocol Division, Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India |url=https://meaprotocol.nic.in/?a1Brunei/Darussalam? |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=meaprotocol.nic.in}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=directoryofmissionabroad_India |url=https://www.mfa.gov.bn/Pages/directoryofmissionabroad_India.aspx |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=www.mfa.gov.bn}}</ref> He was formerly the [[List of permanent representatives of Brunei to the United Nations in Geneva|permanent representative to the United Nations at Geneva]] and [[Brunei–Malaysia relations|high commissioner to Malaysia]].<ref>{{cite web
| script-title=ru:Список руководителей дипломатических и консульских представительств зарубежных государств в России
| publisher = [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Russia)]]
| url = http://www.mid.ru/nsite-sv.nsf/mnsdoc/10.02.03
| accessdate = 2008-07-05 |language=ru}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Alaihuddin was born on 29 May 1958, to an aristocrat, ''Pehin Orang Kaya Digadong Seri Lela'' Dato Seri Utama Haji Mohamad Taha bin ''Pehin Orang Kaya Ratna Diraja'' Hussain.<ref name=":0" /> He has one child and is married to Datin Mariani Bongsu.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=MALAYSIA-BRUNEI RELATIONS NEED TO BE STRENGTHENED - KINGMALAYSIA-BRUNEI RELATIONS NEED TO BE STRENGTHENED - KING |url=https://www.nabalunews.com/post/malaysia-brunei-relations-need-to-be-strengthened-king |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=www.nabalunews.com}}</ref> He has a brother, ''Pehin Orang Kaya Setia Jaya'' Dato Paduka Haji Abu Hurairah.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Haji Abas |first=Nooratini |date=2017-11-02 |title=Their Royal Highnesses adakan perjumpaan bersama anggota 2RGR |url=https://www.pelitabrunei.gov.bn/Lists/Berita/NewDisplayForm.aspx?ID=13093&ContentTypeId=0x0100BC31BF6D2ED1E4459ACCF88DA3E23BA8 |access-date=2024-08-09 |website=Pelita Brunei |language=ms}}</ref> This made him the uncle of [[Huraini Hurairah|Huraini]], clerk to the [[Legislative Council of Brunei|Legislative Council]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Clerk of Legislative Council |url=https://www.councils.gov.bn/JMM%20Site%20Pages/Clerk%20of%20Legislative%20Council.aspx |access-date=2024-08-09 |website=Jabatan Majlis-Majlis Mesyuarat}}</ref> and Hazarena, Intermediate Court Judge.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-24 |title=Brunei courts: Brothers sentenced to jail and get whipping for intruding homes, thefts |url=https://www.thestar.com.my/aseanplus/aseanplus-news/2023/12/24/brunei-courts-brothers-sentenced-to-jail-and-get-whipping-for-intruding-homes-thefts |access-date=2024-08-09 |website=The Star |language=en}}</ref> He received a [[Bachelor of Arts]] (BA) degree in [[International relations|international studies]] from [[North Staffordshire Polytechnic]] in the [[United Kingdom]] in 1984.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2007-08-13 |title=NEW PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVE OF BRUNEI DARUSSALAM PRESENTS CREDENTIALS TO DIRECTOR-GENERAL OF UNOG {{!}} The United Nations Office at Geneva |url=https://www.ungeneva.org/en/news-media/presentation-of-credentials/2007/08/new-permanent-representative-brunei-darussalam |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=www.ungeneva.org |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":4" />

== Diplomatic career ==
In 1986, Alaihuddin worked as the personal assistant to the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs, [[Zakaria Sulaiman]], after joining the ministry in August 1984.<ref name=":1" /> He had two postings overseas: the Brunei high commission in [[New Zealand]], where he worked as a second secretary in 1986, and the [[Embassy of Brunei Darussalam in Washington, D.C.|Brunei embassy]] in [[Washington, D.C.]],<ref name=":1" /> where he held the same position from 1987 to 1990. After his return to Brunei in 1990, he worked for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' Southeast Asian political section in 1991.<ref name=":4" /> He headed the Brunei delegation to the fifty-fourth session of the [[United Nations General Assembly|General Assembly]] in 1994.<ref name=":1" />

Alaihuddin was sent overseas once more in 1995, this time to work for the Brunei high commission in [[London]] as first secretary and then acting minister counselor. In the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, he was appointed deputy director of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade's (MOFAT) Department of International Organisations in 2001 and director of the department in 2003.<ref name=":4" /> In {{Circa|2004}}, he was the [[Ministry of Transport and Infocommunications|Ministry of Communications]]' permanent secretary.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Bahyiah Bakir |date=2014-09-14 |title=His Majesty presents Letters of Credence |url=http://www.sultanate.com/news_server/2014/14_sep_1.html |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=www.sultanate.com}}</ref> He would then serve as the MOFAT's acting private and confidential secretary in January 2007. As the new Permanent Representative of Brunei to the [[United Nations Office at Geneva]], Alaihuddin presented his [[Letter of credence|credentials]] to [[Sergei Ordzhonikidze]] on 13 August 2007.<ref name=":1" />

=== Malaysia ===
Alaihuddin was appointed as the Brunei high commissioner to Malaysia on 25 November 2014,<ref name=":2" /> with the Sultan consenting to give him his credentials at the [[Istana Nurul Iman]] on 14 September 2014.<ref name=":3" /> In September 2015, a group headed by Alaihuddin from Brunei paid a visit to Regional Corridor Development Authority's (RECODA) [[Kuching]] headquarters to discuss economic collaboration.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2015-11-15 |title=Brunei team learns about SCORE and Tanjung Manis opportunities |url=https://recoda.gov.my/brunei-team-learns-about-score-and-tanjung-manis-opportunities/ |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=recoda.gov.my |language=en-US}}</ref>

In 2019, Alaihuddin, during a [[Malaysia Healthcare Travel Council]] (MHTC)-hosted dinner in [[Kuala Lumpur]], expressed hope for a friendship association between Brunei and Malaysian business owners to boost trade cooperation and leverage mutual strengths. He highlighted the importance of including both public and private sector members to sustain [[public-private partnerships]] as key economic growth drivers. This initiative aligns with Brunei's goal to strengthen economic ties within [[ASEAN]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wardi Wasil |date=2019-05-14 |title=New association mulled to help Brunei, Malaysia businesses seek more trade opportunities |url=http://thescoop.co/2019/05/14/new-association-mulled-to-help-brunei-malaysia-businesses-seek-more-trade-opportunities/ |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=The Scoop |language=en-GB}}</ref>

Alaihuddin paid [[Muhyiddin Yassin]] a courtesy call on 7 December 2020. He arrived to say goodbye as his stay in Malaysia would expire later that month.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-12-08 |title=Malaysia hopes Brunei will establish Reciprocal Green Lane - Muhyiddin |url=https://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/malaysia-hopes-brunei-will-establish-reciprocal-green-lane-muhyiddin-272180 |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=www.astroawani.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pizaro Gozali Idrus |date=2020-12-08 |title=Malaysia vows to enhance ties with Brunei Darussalam |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/asia-pacific/malaysia-vows-to-enhance-ties-with-brunei-darussalam/2069184 |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=www.aa.com.tr}}</ref> In addition, he received praise from [[Abdullah of Pahang|Al-Sultan Abdullah]] for his six years of service in Malaysia, particularly for fostering closer ties and collaboration between the two countries.<ref name=":2" />

=== India ===
On 9 March 2021, [[Al-Muhtadee Billah|Prince Al-Muhtadee Billah]] held separate audiences with the recently appointed envoys from Brunei, including Alaihuddin.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-10 |title=Crown Prince receives Brunei and foreign envoys |url=https://borneobulletin.com.bn/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240201144444/https://borneobulletin.com.bn/ |archive-date=2024-02-01 |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=borneo363.rssing.com |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref> On 22 September 2021, Alaihuddin gave the [[President of India|President]] [[Ram Nath Kovind]] a virtual ceremony in which he handed his credentials.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-25 |title=Brunei {{!}} H E Dato Alaihuddin Mohamad Taha presents credentials to the President of India {{!}} Indian Bureaucracy is an Exclusive News Portal |url=https://www.indianbureaucracy.com/brunei-h-e-dato-alaihuddin-mohamad-taha-presents-credentials-to-the-president-of-india/ |access-date=2024-02-11 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2021-09-22 |title=The High Commissioner-designate of Brunei Darussalam, Alaihuddin Mohd Taha presenting his credentials to the President, Ram Nath Kovind |url=https://www.sarkaritel.com/the-high-commissioner-designate-of-brunei-darussalam-alaihuddin-mohd-taha-presenting-his-credentials-to-the-president-ram-nath-kovind/ |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=Sarkaritel.com |language=en-US}}</ref> He attended the 2nd Brunei Darussalam-India Joint Trade Committee Meeting on 11 March 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-14 |title=Brunei, India committed to enhanced ties |url=https://borneobulletin.com.bn/brunei-india-committed-to-enhanced-ties/ |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=borneobulletin.com.bn |language=en-US}}</ref> Later on 22 July, Kamalinne Pinitpuvadol, Secretary General of [[Asian–African Legal Consultative Organization|AALCO]], paid him a courtesy call.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2022-07-22 |title=COURTESY VISIT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL OF AALCO TO THE EMBASSY OF THE BRUNEI DARRUSALAM, NEW DELHI |url=https://www.aalco.int/Courtesy%20Visit%20of%20the%20Secretary%20General%20of%20AALCO%20to%20the%20Embassy%20of%20the%20Brunei%20Darrusalam%20New%20Delhi |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=www.aalco.int}}</ref>

Alaihuddin also accompanied [[Halbi bin Mohammad Yussof|Halbi Mohd Yussof]] to the Ministerial Session of the Strategic Conference, India Energy Week 2023, and the 9th Asian Energy Ministerial Roundtable.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Radio Television Brunei |date=2023-02-07 |title=9th Asian Energy Ministerial Meeting & India Energy Week |url=https://www.pmo.gov.bn/Lists/2022%20PMO%20News/NDispForm.aspx?ID=346&source=/SitePages/All%20News.aspx&InitialTabID=Ribbon.Read |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=www.pmo.gov.bn}}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Alaihuddin is married to Datin Hajah Mariani binti Haji Bungsu,<ref name=":2" /> a [[Patronage|patron]] of ASEAN Ladies' Circle (ALC) Brunei.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2024-04-16 |title=ASEAN Ladies' Circle (ALC) Philippines Shares Christmas Joy with Underprivileged Children |url=https://www.ydsmaidagency.com.my/asean-ladies-circle-alc-philippines-shares-christmas-joy-with-underprivileged-children/ |access-date=2024-04-29 |website=www.ydsmaidagency.com.my |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Honours ==
Throughout his career, he has earned the following honours:

* [[File:Second_Class_of_the_Order_of_Seri_Paduka_Mahkota_Brunei_(DPMB).svg|50x50px]] [[Order of Seri Paduka Mahkota Brunei]] Second Class (DPMB; 15 July 2010) – ''Dato Paduka''<ref name=":422">{{Cite news |last=Hezlinawati Haji Abd. Karim |date=17 July 2010 |title=85 dikurniakan Bintang-Bintang Kebesaran |url=https://www.pelitabrunei.gov.bn/Arkib%20Dokumen/2010/Julai/PB170710.pdf |access-date=2024-12-15 |work=Pelita Brunei |pages=14 |language=ms}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-dip}}
{{s-bef
| before = [[Sidek Ali]]
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[List of high commissioners of Brunei to India|High Commissioner of Brunei to India]]
| years = 22 September 2021 – present
}}
{{s-aft
| after = Incumbent
}}
{{s-bef
| before = [[Ishaaq Abdullah]]
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[List of high commissioners of Brunei to Malaysia|High Commissioner of Brunei to Malaysia]]
| years = 25 November 2014 – December 2020
}}
{{s-aft
| after = [[Mahmud Saidin]]
}}
{{s-bef
| before = [[Mahadi Wasli]]
}}
{{s-ttl
| title = [[List of permanent representatives of Brunei to the United Nations in Geneva|Permanent Representative of Brunei to the United Nations in Geneva]]
| years = July 2007 – 15 April 2008
}}
{{s-aft
| after = [[Janin Erih]]
}}
{{s-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Taha, Alaihuddin}}
[[Category:Bruneian diplomats]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Brunei to Malaysia]]
[[Category:High commissioners of Brunei to India]]
[[Category:Permanent representatives of Brunei to the United Nations in Geneva]]
[[Category:1958 births]]
[[Category:Alumni of Staffordshire University]]

Manoj Kayande

2026-04-20T01:58:56Z

Garrisonroofing: pg

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Manoj Devanand Kayande
| image = Manoj Kayande मनोज कायंदे.jpg
| caption = Manoj Kayande, Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) from Sindkhed Raja, Maharashtra
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1989|6|23|df=y}}
| birth_place = Deulgaon Raja, Buldhana district, Maharashtra, India
| office = Member of [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency = [[Sindkhed Raja Assembly constituency|Sindkhed Raja]]
| term_start = 2024
| party = [[Nationalist Congress Party]]
| spouse = Varsha Kayande
| education = BA
| alma_mater = Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University
| profession = Politician
| website = [https://www.manojkayande.com Official Website]
| predecessor = [[Rajendra Shingne]]
}}

'''Manoj Devanand Kayande''' (born 1989)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Kayande Manoj Devanand(Nationalist Congress Party(NCP)):Constituency- SINDHKHED RAJA(BULDHANA) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://myneta.info/Maharashtra2024/candidate.php?candidate_id=2112 |access-date=2024-11-27 |website=myneta.info}}</ref> is an Indian politician from [[Maharashtra]]. He is a member of the [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]] from [[Sindkhed Raja Assembly constituency]] in Buldhana district.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kayande Manoj Devanand , NCP Election Results LIVE: Latest Updates On Kayande Manoj Devanand , Assembly Election Constituency Seat |url=https://www.ndtv.com/elections/maharashtra/assembly-election-candidates-list-2024/kayande-manoj-devanand-13024-2 |access-date=2024-11-27 |website=ndtv.com |language=en}}</ref> He won the [[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]], representing the Nationalist Congress Party.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-23 |title=Sindkhed Raja (Maharashtra) Assembly Election Results 2024 Live: Winner, Runner-up, Candidates List |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/sindkhed-raja-maharashtra-assembly-election-results-2024-live-winner-runner-up-candidates-9684529/ |access-date=2024-11-27 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kayande Manoj Devanand, NCP Candidate from Sindkhed Raja Assembly Election 2024 Seat: Electoral History & Political Journey, Winning or Losing - News18 Assembly Election 2024 Result News |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/assembly/maharashtra/kayande-manoj-devanand-s13aed2008a024e2024c001/ |access-date=2024-11-27 |website=www.news18.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Kayande is from [[Sindkhed Raja]], Buldhana district, Maharashtra. He is the son of Devanand Khanduji Kayande. He completed his BA in 2014 at Shri Vyankatesh Arts, Commerce and Science College, Deulgaon Raja, Buldhana District, which is affiliated with [[Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University]], Amravati.<ref name=":0" />

== Career ==
Kayande won from Sindkhed Raja Assembly constituency representing [[Nationalist Congress Party]] in the 2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election. He polled 73,413 votes and defeated his nearest rival, [[Rajendra Shingne]] of [[Nationalist Congress Party – Sharadchandra Pawar|Nationalist Congress Party (SP)]], by a margin of 4,650 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-23 |title=Sindkhed Raja, Maharashtra Assembly Election Results 2024 Highlights: NCP's Kayande Manoj Devanand defeats NCP (SP)'s Dr Rajendra Bhaskarrao Shingne with 4650 votes |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/assembly/story/sindkhed-raja-maharashtra-assembly-election-results-2024-live-updates-maelb-2638124-2024-11-23 |access-date=2024-11-27 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sindkhed Raja Constituency Election Results 2024: Sindkhed Raja Assembly Seat Details, MLA Candidates & Winner |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/maharashtra/constituency-show/sindkhed-raja |access-date=2024-11-27 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Maharastra Assembly Election Results 2024 - Sindkhed Raja">{{cite news |date=23 November 2024 |title=Maharastra Assembly Election Results 2024 - Sindkhed Raja |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/candidateswise-S1324.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241129150943/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/candidateswise-S1324.htm |archive-date=29 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |publisher=Election Commission of India}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kayande, Manoj}}
[[Category:1989 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Nationalist Congress Party politicians from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2024–2029]]
[[Category:People from Buldhana district]]

Chaithra J Achar

2026-04-08T20:28:38Z

Garrisonroofing: put up a stub

{{Short description|Indian actress and singer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Chaithra J Achar
| image =
| caption = Chaithra J Achar at SIIMA 2022
| birth_name =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Bangalore]], [[Karnataka]], [[India]]
| occupation = {{hlist|Actress|Singer}}
| relatives =
| honours =
| yearsactive = 2019–present
}}

'''Chaithra J Achar''' is an Indian actress and singer of [[Kannada cinema]]. She made her acting debut in the film ''[[Mahira (film)|Mahira]]'' (2019).

==Early life==

Chaithra Achar was born in [[Bangalore]], [[Karnataka]]. She went to [[Ramaiah Institute of Technology]] in Bangalore to study engineering and also worked as an intern at [[Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research|JNCASR]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=The down to earth debutante |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/sandalwood/070819/the-down-to-earth-debutante.html |access-date=7 August 2019 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref>

==Career==
===Acting===
Chaithra, while still in college, began her professional acting career with Bengaluru Queens, a Kannada Web Series directed and produced by actor [[Anish Tejeshwar]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home Party is |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/amp/content/650594/home-party-is.html |access-date=28 December 2017 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref>
She made her Kannada feature film debut in 2019, with the action thriller [[Mahira (film)|''Mahira'']], directed by Mahesh Gowda. Chaithra had roles in films such as ''[[Aa Drushya]]'', ''[[Taledanda (film)|Taledanda]]'', and ''[[Gilky]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Exclusive Iam doing varied content driven films to show people my range as an artiste chaitra J achar |url=https://www.ottplay.com/interview/exclusive-i-am-doing-varied-content-driven-films-to-show-people-my-range-as-an-artiste-chaitra-j-achar/3e6f7977ed945 |access-date=30 March 2022 |website=Ott Play |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Chaitra Achar joins the cast of Sapta Sagaradaache Yello |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/kannada/news/2022/aug/20/chaitra-achar-joins-the-cast-of-sapta-sagaradaache-yello-33910.html |access-date=15 November 2022 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en}}</ref>

In 2023, she had two releases namely [[Toby (film)|''Toby'']] with [[Raj B. Shetty]] and [[Sapta Saagaradaache Ello – Side B|''Sapta Sagaradaache Ello Side-B'']] alongside [[Rakshit Shetty]] and [[Rukmini Vasanth]] under [[Hemanth M. Rao|Hemanth Rao]]. Her performance in both the movies were well received and widely appreciated by audience and critics.<ref>{{Cite news |last=M.V |first=Vivek |date=2023-11-15 |title='Toby' star Chaithra J Achar on her 'SSE (Side B)' experience and being a risk-taker |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/toby-star-chaithra-j-achar-on-her-sse-side-b-experience-and-being-a-risk-taker/article67534487.ece |access-date=2024-03-03 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Exclusive! Chaithra J Achar: I'm loving all the attention I've got since Toby; it's nice and humbling |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/exclusive-chaithra-j-achar-im-loving-all-the-attention-ive-got-since-toby-its-nice-and-humbling/52b64cc13c395 |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=OTTPlay |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Exclusive! Chaithra Achar – I never thought Sapta Sagaradaache Ello's Surabhi would get so much love |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/exclusive-chaithra-achar-i-never-thought-sapta-sagaradaache-ellos-surabhi-would-get-so-much-love/b1bd5e5bf132 |access-date=2024-03-03 |website=OTTPlay |language=en}}</ref> Her next release was ''[[Blink (2024 film)|Blink]]'' directed by debutant ''Srinidhi Bengaluru'', the film opened to critical acclaim with appreciation for all the actors.<ref>{{Cite web |last=S |first=Pranati A. |title='Blink' movie review: Brilliantly executed time-travel sci-fi drama |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/entertainment/blink-movie-review-brilliantly-executed-time-travel-sci-fi-drama-2928616 |access-date=2024-04-11 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref>

===Singing===

Chaithra's noted song is "Sojugaada Sooju Mallige", a Kannada folk song used by musician [[Midhun Mukundan]] in ''[[Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana]]'', a successful film of 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Garuda GamanaVrishabha Vahana Movie Song SojugadaSoojumallige inches towards one million views |url=https://tv9kannada.com/entertainment/sandalwood/garuda-gamana-vrishabha-vahana-movie-song-sojugada-sooju-mallige-inches-towards-one-million-views-mdn-301779.html |access-date=29 November 2021 |website=Tv 9 Kannada |language=en}}</ref>

== Filmography ==
{{Pending films key}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+List of films and roles
|- style="background:#ccc; text-align:center;"
! Year !!Title !!Role
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |{{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |2019 ||''[[Mahira (film)|Mahira]]''|| Adya ||
|
|-
|''[[Aa Drushya]]''|| Asha ||
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2022
| ''[[Gilky]]''|| Nancy ||
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gilky Movie Review : Tarak and Chaithra shine in a rather uneasy drama |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movie-reviews/gilky/movie-review/89661026.cms |access-date=18 February 2022 |website=The Times of India}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Taledanda (film)|Taledanda]]'' ||Saaki||||<ref>{{Cite web |title=Taledanda Movie Review : Sanchari Vijay shines in a powerful role |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movie-reviews/taledanda/movie-review/90621289.cms |access-date=1 April 2022 |website=The Times of India}}</ref>
|-

| rowspan="2" |2023
|''[[Toby (film)|Toby]]''|| Jenny ||
|
|-
|''[[Sapta Saagaradaache Ello: Side B]]'' || Surabhi || ||<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chaitra J Achar revealed as the second lead in Rakshit Shetty's Sapta Sagaradaache Ello |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/chaitra-j-achar-revealed-as-the-second-lead-in-rakshit-shettys-sapta-sagaradaache-ello/c2e5d1c92f417 |access-date=19 August 2022 |website=ottplay}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2024
| ''[[Blink (2024)|Blink]]''|| Devaki ||
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Deekshith Shetty Join hands with Srinidhi Bengaluru for Blink |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2022/mar/21/deekshith-setthy-join-hands-with-srinidhi-bengaluru-for-blink-2432324.html |access-date=21 March 2022 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Happy Birthday to Me (2024 film)|Happy Birthday To Me]]''|| Adithi ||
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Heres a First for Archana Kottige only one outfit throughout the movie |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/heres-a-first-for-archana-kottige-only-one-outfit-throughout-the-movie/articleshow/89825758.cms |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=The Times of India}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" |2025
| ''[[3BHK]]''
| Aishwarya
| [[Tamil language|Tamil]] film; credited as Chaithra
|<ref>{{Cite web|date=16 July 2024|title=Siddharth 40: Siddharth's next with Sri Ganesh goes on floors|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/actor-siddharths-next-with-sri-ganesh-goes-on-floors/article68409452.ece|website=The Hindu|accessdate=20 July 2024}}</ref>
|-
| ''Eddelu Manjunatha 2'' || ||
|
|-
| ''[[Vritta]]''
| Susmita
|
|
|-
|''Yarigu Helbedi''
|Dr.Steffie
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Yaarigu Helbedi Movie Review: a modest dose of everyday humour |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/regional/kannada/a-modest-dose-of-everyday-humour/movie-review/124821570.cms |access-date=2026-02-26 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2026
| ''[[My Lord (film)|My Lord]]''
| Suseela Muthusirpi
| [[Tamil language|Tamil]] film
|
|-
|''Maarnami''
|Deeksha
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharadhaa |first=A. |date=2026-02-21 |title=Maarnami Movie Review: Rittvikk Mathad and Chaithra Achar lead a love-betrayal drama with quiet strength |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/kannada/review/2026/Feb/21/maarnami-movie-review-rittvikk-mathad-and-chaithra-achar-lead-a-love-betrayal-drama-with-quiet-strength |access-date=2026-02-26 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" |TBA
|{{Pending film|[[Uttarakaanda (film)|Uttarakaanda]]}}|| TBA || Filming
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chaithra J Achar roped in to star in Dhananjaya's next |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/chaithra-j-achar-roped-in-to-star-in-dhananjayas-next/articleshow/109346135.cms |access-date=17 February 2024 |website=The Times of India}}</ref>
|-
|{{Pending film|Strawberry}}|| Namrutha || Post-production
|
|-
|{{pending film|Laila’s Sweet Dream}}|| Laila || Filming || <ref>{{cite news |last1=Sharadhaa |first1=A. |title=Chaithra J Achar to lead Laila’s Sweet Dream |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/kannada/news/2025/Dec/29/chaithra-j-achar-to-lead-lailas-sweet-dream |access-date=30 December 2025 |work=Cinema Express |date=29 December 2025 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| {{pending film| Meesaya Murukku 2}}|| Latchumi || Tamil; Filming ||
|-
|}

== Discography ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Song title
!Movie
!Notes
|-
|2019
|"Neelaakasha Kelu"
|''[[Sarvajanikarige Suvarnavakasha]]''
|
|-
|2020
|"Neenyaaro"
| ''[[Mayabazar 2016]]''
|
|-
|2021
|"Sojugada Soojumallige"
|''[[Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana]]''
|
|-
|2022
|"Soul Of Benki"
|''Benki''
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2023
|"Nondkobyaadve"
|''[[Tagaru Palya]]''
|
|-
|"Mellage"
|''[[Swathi Mutthina Male Haniye]]''
|Backing Vocals
|-
|2024
|"Soul of Shakhahaari"
|''[[Shakhahaari]]''
|
|}

== Awards and nominations ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Award
! Category
! Work
! Result
! Ref.
|-
| [[10th South Indian International Movie Awards|2021]]
| rowspan="2"|[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]
| rowspan="2"|Best Female Playback Singer – Kannada
| "Sojugada Soojumallige"(from ''[[Garuda Gamana Vrishabha Vahana]]'')
| {{won}}
| <ref>{{cite web |title=SIIMA 2022 winner's list: Allu Arjun's Pushpa wins big in several categories |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/siima-2022-winner-s-list-allu-arjun-s-pushpa-wins-big-in-several-categories-1998924-2022-09-11 |website=India Today |access-date=26 August 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| [[11th South Indian International Movie Awards|2022]]
| "Soul of Benki" (from ''Benki'')
| {{nom}}
| {{citation needed|date=July 2025}}
|-
| [[68th Filmfare Awards South|2023]]
| [[Filmfare Awards South]]
| [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Kannada|Best Actress – Kannada]]
| ''[[Taledanda (film)|Taledanda]]''
| {{won}}
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/winners-of-the-68th-filmfare-awards-south-kannada-2023_-67191.html|title=Winners: 68th Filmfare Awards South 2023 (Kannada) |website=[[Filmfare]]|access-date=18 October 2022}}</ref>
|-
| [[11th South Indian International Movie Awards|2023]]
| [[South Indian International Movie Awards]]
| [[SIIMA Award for Best Actress – Kannada|Best Actress – Kannada]]
| ''[[Gilky]]''
| {{nom}}
| {{citation needed|date=July 2025}}
|-
| [[12th South Indian International Movie Awards|2024]]
| [[South Indian International Movie Awards]]
| [[SIIMA Award for Best Actress – Kannada|Best Actress – Kannada]]
| ''[[Toby (film)|Toby]]''
| {{won}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 September 2024 |title=SIIMA Awards 2024: Dasara, Hi Nanna, Kaatera and Sapta Sagaradaache Ello win big on Day 1 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/siima-awards-2024-dasara-hi-nanna-kaatera-and-sapta-sagaradaache-ello-win-big-on-day-1-9568720/lite/ |access-date=15 September 2024 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|[[13th South Indian International Movie Awards|2025]]
|[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Actress – Kannada|Best Actress – Kannada]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Blink (2024 Indian film)|''Blink'']]
|{{nom}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=SIIMA {{!}} Vote For SIIMA 2025 |url=https://siima.in/vote |access-date=2026-02-26 |website=siima.in}}</ref>
|-
|[[70th Filmfare Awards South|2025]]
|[[Filmfare Awards South]]
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Kannada|Best Actress – Kannada]]
|{{nom}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nominations for The 70th Filmfare Awards South With Kerala Tourism (Kannada) {{!}} Filmfare.com |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/south/nominations-for-the-70th-filmfare-awards-south-with-kerala-tourism-kannada-81367.html |access-date=2026-02-26 |website=www.filmfare.com |language=en}}</ref>
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|nm10182951}}

{{Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Kannada}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Achar, Chaithra}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian film actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses in Kannada cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses from Bengaluru]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Kannada actresses]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Dhananjay (politician)

2026-04-04T20:24:46Z

Garrisonroofing: put up new pg...

{{Short description|Indian politician and activist}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Dhananjay
| office = President of the [[Jawaharlal Nehru University Students' Union]]
| term_start = 2023
| term_end = 2024
| predecessor = [[Aishe Ghosh]]
| successor = Nitish Kumar
| party = [[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation]]
| alma_mater = [[Jawaharlal Nehru University]]
| education = B.A. – [[Delhi University|DU]] (2017) M.A. – [[Ambedkar University|AUD]] (2020) M.Phil. – [[Jawaharlal Nehru University|JNU]] (2022) Ph.D. – [[Jawaharlal Nehru University|JNU]] (pursuing)
| birth_place = [[Gaya district]], [[Bihar]], [[India]]
}}

'''Dhananjay''' is an Indian politician and student leader associated with the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation]]. He served as president of the [[Jawaharlal Nehru University Students' Union]] (JNUSU) for the 2023–24 term, as the first [[Dalit]] student in nearly three decades to hold the position. In 2025, he entered active politics and contested the [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]] election from the [[Bhore Assembly constituency|Bhorey]] constituency in [[Gopalganj district, India|Gopalganj district]] as a candidate of the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation|CPI(ML) Liberation]].

== Early life and education ==
Dhananjay hails from Bara village in the Guraru block of [[Gaya district]], [[Bihar]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=JNU को 1996 के बाद मिला पहला दलित छात्र अध्यक्ष, जानिए- धनंजय से जुड़ी खास बातें |url=https://ndtv.in/india/jnu-gets-its-1st-dalit-student-president-since-1996-know-special-things-related-to-dhananjay-5307222 |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20240328210104/https://ndtv.in/india/jnu-gets-its-1st-dalit-student-president-since-1996-know-special-things-related-to-dhananjay-5307222 |archive-date=2024-03-28 |access-date=2026-02-28 |work=NDTVIndia}}</ref>

His father is a retired cop and his mother is a homemaker.<ref name=":1" />

He completed a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree from the [[Delhi University|University of Delhi]] in 2017 and a [[Master of Arts]] in 2020 from the [[Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University Delhi]], and an [[M.Phil]]. in 2022 from the [[Jawaharlal Nehru University]] (JNU), [[New Delhi]], where he is pursuing a PhD.<ref>{{cite web |title=Affidavit of Dhananjay – Bhorey constituency |url=https://affidavit.eci.gov.in/ |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=21 February 2026}}</ref>

== Student politics ==
At JNU, Dhananjay became active with the [[All India Students' Association]] (AISA), the student wing of the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation|CPI(ML) Liberation]]. He was elected as the president of the [[Jawaharlal Nehru University Students' Union|JNUSU]] in the 2023–24 election on the [[All India Students’ Association|AISA]]-backed panel.<ref>{{cite news |title=Who is Dhananjay, JNU student union's first Dalit president after 30 years |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/india/who-is-dhananjay-jnu-student-unions-first-dalit-president-after-30-years/articleshow/108781523.cms |work=The Economic Times |date=28 March 2024 |access-date=21 February 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Malik |first=Amir |title=At JNU, student ‘flame flickers’ against India’s Modi before election |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/28/a-students-union-election-reveals-indias-divide-weeks-before-national-vote |access-date=2026-03-01 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref>

He defeated Umesh Chandra Ajmeera of [[Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad]] with a margin of 922 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-28 |title=दलित पहचान और एबीवीपी की चुनौती पर क्या बोले जेएनयूएसयू अध्यक्ष धनंजय कुमार |url=https://www.bbc.com/hindi/articles/cjrjp2np4rqo |access-date=2026-02-28 |website=BBC News हिंदी |language=hi}}</ref>

His victory marked the return of a Dalit student leader to the post after nearly three decades.<ref>{{cite news |title=Who is Dhananjay? JNUSU’s first Dalit president in nearly 30 years |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/who-is-dhananjay-jnu-students-unions-first-dalit-president-since-1996-101711326303332.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=29 March 2024 |access-date=21 February 2026}}</ref>

In 2026, he registered a complaint to the [[National Commission for Scheduled Castes]], against [[Santishree Dhulipudi Pandit]], Vice Chancellor of JNU, accusing her of anti-Dalit and discriminative comments on a podcast.<ref>{{Cite web |last=सिंह |first=अजातिका |date=2026-02-25 |title=दिल्ली: JNU के पूर्व छात्रसंघ अध्यक्ष ने VC के खिलाफ आयोग में की शिकायत, पढ़ें पूरा मामला |url=https://www.abplive.com/states/delhi-ncr/jnu-dhananjay-complaint-against-vc-shantishri-pandit-sc-st-commission-ann-3094320 |access-date=2026-03-01 |website=ABP News |language=hi}}</ref>

== Political career ==
After completing his term at JNU, Dhananjay joined active politics with the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation|CPI(ML) Liberation]].<ref name=":0">{{cite news |title=Former JNU students union president Dhananjay to contest Bihar Assembly election |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/former-jnu-students-union-president-dhananjay-to-contest-bihar-assembly-election-10312308/ |work=The Indian Express |date=6 October 2025 |access-date=21 February 2026}}</ref>

The party nominated him to contest the 2025 [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]] election from the [[Bhorey Assembly constituency]], a seat reserved for [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Castes]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Butani |first=Ashna |date=2025-10-29 |title=From a student leader to Bihar Assembly polls contestant, Dhananjay has come a long way |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/bihar-assembly/from-a-student-leader-to-bihar-assembly-polls-contestant-dhananjay-has-come-a-long-way/article70216530.ece |access-date=2026-02-28 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Jawaharlal Nehru University Students' Union]]
* [[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation]]
* [[All India Students’ Association]]
* [[Aishe Ghosh]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dhananjay}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Delhi University alumni]]
[[Category:Jawaharlal Nehru University alumni]]
[[Category:People from Gaya district]]
[[Category:Politicians from Bihar]]
[[Category:Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation politicians]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Dalit politicians]]

Yarige Salatte Sambala

2026-04-01T16:50:37Z

Garrisonroofing: adding a article w/ sources

{{No plot|date=February 2025}}
{{short description|2000 film by M.S. Rajashekar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Yarige Salatte Sambala
| image =
| caption =
| native_name =
| director = [[M. S. Rajashekar]]
| producer = B. G. Hemalatha
| writer = [[Mohan Shankar]] (dialogue)
| story = [[V. Sekhar]]
| based_on = ''[[Viralukketha Veekkam]]'' (Tamil)
| narrator =
| starring = [[Shashi Kumar]] [[Suhasini Maniratnam]] [[Ananth Nag]] [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]] [[Anu Prabhakar]] Mohan Shankar [[Umashree]]
| music = [[Hamsalekha]]
| cinematography = Prasad Babu
| editing = S. Manohar
| studio = SDM Film
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2000|5|22}}
| runtime = 152 minutes
| country = India
| language = Kannada
| budget =
}}

'''''Yarige Salatte Sambala''''' ({{Translation|Who owes the salary?}}) is a 2000 Indian [[Kannada]]-language [[comedy-drama]] film directed by [[M. S. Rajashekar]] and produced by B. G. Hemalatha. The film has an [[ensemble cast]] comprising [[Ananth Nag]], [[Shashi Kumar]], [[Suhasini Maniratnam]], [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]], [[Anu Prabhakar]], [[Mohan Shankar]], and [[Umashree]]. It is a remake of the [[Tamil language|Tamil]] film ''[[Viralukketha Veekkam]]'' (1999).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.onlinebangalore.com/life/movi/yarige/|title=Yaarige Saluthe Sambala|work=Online Bangalore|access-date=1 April 2026}}</ref>

The film was released in 2000 to generally positive reviews from critics who lauded the lead actor's performance and the musical score by [[Hamsalekha]].

==Cast==
{{cast listing|
* [[Ananth Nag]] as Venkatagiri
* [[Suhasini Maniratnam]] as Lakshmi
* [[Shashi Kumar]] as Ramesh
* [[Anu Prabhakar]] as Kusuma
* [[Urvashi (actress)|Urvashi]] as Suguna
* [[Mohan Shankar]] as Ramanath
* [[Umashree]] as Subbi
* [[Karibasavaiah]] as Kariya
* [[M. S. Umesh]] as house owner
* [[Honnavalli Krishna]] as Prashanth
* Kote Prabhakar as watchman
*Hemanth G Nag
}}

==Soundtrack==
The music of the film was composed and written by [[Hamsalekha]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140517121801/http://mio.to/album/31-kannada_movie_songs/22232-Yaarige_Saalutthe_Sambala__2000_/#/album/31-kannada_movie_songs/22232-Yaarige_Saalutthe_Sambala__2000_/ Songs list]</ref>

{{Infobox album
| name = Yaarige Salatte Sambala
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = [[Hamsalekha]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = {{Start date|df=yes|2000|}}
| recorded =
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Film soundtrack|Feature film soundtrack]]
| length =
| label = Manoranjan Audio
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
}}

{{Track listing
| total_length =
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Yaarige Saluthe Sambala
| extra1 = [[Rajesh Krishnan]], [[Hemanth (singer)|Hemanth]], [[Ramesh Chandra (singer)|Ramesh Chandra]]
| length1 =
| title2 = Deepadinda Deepa
| extra2 = [[Manjula Gururaj]], [[Archana Udupa]], [[Nanditha]], Rajesh Krishnan, Ramesh Chandra, Hemanth
| length2 =
| title3 = Malela Femalaa
| extra3 = Manjula Gururaj, Archana Udupa, Nanditha, Rajesh Krishnan, G. V. Athri, Hemanth
| length3 =
| title4 = Shravana Veeneya
| extra4 = Rajesh Krishnan, [[Latha Hamsalekha]]
| length4 =
| title5 = Priya Priya Dehadalli
| extra5 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], Manjula Gururaj
| length5 =
}}

==Reception==
''India Info'' wrote "What could have been a neat, message-oriented social film turns out to be a noisy, nondescript and nonsensical fare. One of the senior directors of Kannada cinema fails miserably in holding audience interest in this Kannada remake of the Tamil hit ''Veeralakethaveekkum''".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://movies.indiainfo.com/kannada/reviews/yaarge.html |title=Indiainfo: Kannada: movie reviews |website=movies.indiainfo.com |access-date=24 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010209090801/http://movies.indiainfo.com/kannada/reviews/yaarge.html |archive-date=9 February 2001 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|tt14690910}}

{{M. S. Rajashekar}}

[[Category:2000 films]]
[[Category:2000 Kannada-language films]]
[[Category:Indian comedy films]]
[[Category:Kannada remakes of Tamil films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Hamsalekha]]
[[Category:2000 comedy films]]
[[Category:Films directed by M. S. Rajashekar]]

Vikram Seth

2026-03-27T07:35:49Z

Garrisonroofing:

{{Short description|Indian novelist and poet (born 1952)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox writer 
| name = Vikram Seth
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|CBE|size=100%}} {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FRSL|size=100%}}
| image = Vikram Seth, in Oxfordshire (cropped).jpg
| caption = Seth in 2009
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1952|6|20|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Calcutta]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| occupation = {{hlist|Novelist|poet}}
| nationality =
| height =
| alma_mater = [[Corpus Christi College, Oxford]] [[Stanford University]]
| period = 1980–present
| genre = Novels, poetry, libretto, travel writing, children's literature, biography/memoir
| notableworks = ''[[A Suitable Boy]]'' ''[[The Golden Gate (Seth novel)|The Golden Gate]]'' ''[[An Equal Music]]''
| awards = [[Padma Shri]] [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] [[Stegner Fellowship]] [[Guggenheim Fellowship]] [[FRSL]] [[Commonwealth Foundation prizes|Commonwealth Writers' Prize]]
| signature =
| module = {{Listen |embed= yes |filename= Vikram_Seth_BBC_Radio4_Desert_Island_Discs_22_Jan_2012_b01772hm.flac |title= Vikram Seth's voice |type= speech |description= from the BBC programme ''[[Desert Island Discs]]'', 22 January 2012.<ref>{{Cite episode |title= Vikram Seth |series= Desert Island Discs |series-link= Desert Island Discs |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b019rd99 |station= [[BBC Radio 4]] |date= 22 January 2012 |access-date= 18 January 2014 }}</ref> }}
| website = {{URL|www.vikramseth.net}}
}}

'''Vikram Seth''' (born 20 June 1952) is an [[Indian people|Indian]] [[novelist]] and [[poet]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.indianlink.com.au/travel/the-city-of-wonders/ |date=2010 |first1=Sandip |last1=Hor |website=indianlink.com.au |title=Indian Link — The City of Wonders |access-date=28 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130404061736/http://www.indianlink.com.au/travel/the-city-of-wonders/ |archive-date=4 April 2013 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> The author of three [[novel]]s and several collections of poetry, he is a recipient of the [[Padma Shri]], a [[Sahitya Akademi Award]], the [[Pravasi Bharatiya Samman]], the [[WH Smith Literary Award]] and the [[Vodafone Crossword Book Award|Crossword Book Award]]. Seth's collections of [[poetry]] such as ''[[Mappings (poetry)|Mappings]]'' and ''[[Beastly Tales]]'' are notable contributions to the [[Indian English]] language poetry canon,<ref>{{Cite journal |jstor = 23002110|title = In Other Places: An Inner Voice|last1 = Joshi|first1 = Rita|journal = India International Centre Quarterly|year = 1991|volume = 18|issue = 1|pages = 55–65}}</ref> and he is regarded as the greatest Indian writer in English of all time.

== Early Life ==
Seth was born on 20 June 1952 in [[Calcutta]]. His father, Prem Nath Seth, was an executive of [[Bata Shoes]] and his mother, [[Leila Seth]], a [[Barrister]] by training, became the first female judge of the [[Delhi High Court]] and first woman to become [[Chief justice]] of a state High Court in India.<ref name="Atkins2002">{{cite book|author=Angela Atkins|title=Vikram Seth's Suitable Boy: A Reader's Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nqiNnpMOxlYC&pg=PA7|date=26 June 2002|publisher=A&C Black |isbn=978-0-8264-5707-3|page=7}}</ref>

Seth was educated at the all-boys' private boarding school [[The Doon School]] in [[Dehradun]], where he was editor-in-chief of ''[[The Doon School Weekly]]''.<ref name="Seth2007">{{cite book|author=Leila Seth|title=On Balance|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m8byMR-HFBMC&pg=PT137|date=7 February 2007|publisher=Penguin Books Limited|isbn=978-81-8475-055-3|pages=137–}}</ref> At Doon, he was influenced by his teacher, the mountaineer [[Gurdial Singh (mountaineer)|Gurdial Singh]], who taught him geography and according to Leila Seth, "guided Vikram in many ways...encouraged him to appreciate Western classical music and instilled in him a love of adventure and daring."<ref name="Seth2007"/> Singh later described Seth as an "indefatigable worker, and he maintains without difficulty his distinguished level in studies...he has put in an enormous amount of energy in other spheres of school life, in dramatics, in debating, in first aid, in music, and in editing the Doon School Weekly."<ref name="Seth2007" /> After graduating from Doon, Seth went to [[Tonbridge School]], England, to complete his [[A-levels]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/1999/mar/27/books.guardianreview1 |title=A suitable joy | Books |work=The Guardian |date=26 March 1999 |access-date=7 April 2020}}</ref><ref name="google2">{{cite book|title=Vikram Seth's Suitable Boy: A Reader's Guide|author=Atkins, A.|date=2002|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic|isbn=9780826457073|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nqiNnpMOxlYC&pg=PA8|page=8|access-date=24 November 2015}}</ref> Later he read [[Philosophy, Politics and Economics]] at [[Corpus Christi College, Oxford|Corpus Christi College]], [[University of Oxford|Oxford]]. He then pursued a PhD in Economics at [[Stanford University]], though he never completed it.<ref name=bio>{{cite web |url=http://ekikrat.in/Vikram-Seth |title=Vikram Seth |publisher=ekikrat.in |access-date=24 November 2015 |archive-date=5 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305033538/http://ekikrat.in/Vikram-Seth |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="stanford">{{cite web|url=http://news.stanford.edu/news/2013/may/golden-gate-stanford-052013.html |title=The Golden Gate returns to Stanford May 30 |date=20 May 2013 |publisher=news.stanford.edu|access-date=24 November 2015}}</ref><ref>Vikram Seth's Founder's Day Address, [[The Doon School]], Penguin Books of Modern Speeches (2009) p.34 "...edited the Weekly and did other things"</ref>

== Views ==
Seth commented on the [[2024_Indian_general_election|Indian general elections held during the summer of 2024]] saying that "we live in a better situation now than we lived a month ago". He made this comment less than a month after the elections were over and a new coalition government had been sworn in. Seth said "at least now there is somewhat of limitation on autocracy."<ref name="DH">{{cite news|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/vikram-seth-on-2024-lok-sabha-election-results-limitation-on-autocracy-now-3076858|title=Vikram Seth on 2024 Lok Sabha election results: 'Limitation on autocracy now'|agency=[[Press Trust of India]]|website=deccanherald.com|publisher=[[Deccan Herald]]|date=22 June 2024|accessdate=10 July 2024}}</ref>

On the recent sanction<ref>{{cite news|url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/columns/delhi-lg-sanction-for-arundhati-roy-prosecution-under-uapa-legal-issues/article68295917.ece|title=Delhi LG's sanction for Arundhati Roy's prosecution under UAPA is legally vulnerable|author=V. Venkatesan|website=frontline.thehindu.com|publisher=[[Frontline (magazine)|Frontline]]|date=16 June 2024|accessdate=10 July 2024}}</ref> to prosecute the author [[Arundhati Roy]], he noted that it was "craziness."<ref name="DH"/>

== Personal life ==
Seth is [[Bisexuality|bisexual]]. He was in a relationship with the violinist [[Philippe Honoré (violinist)|Philippe Honoré]] for ten years and dedicated his novel ''An Equal Music'' to him.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2016-03-11 |title="It Took Me Long To Come To Terms With Myself. Those Were Painful Years." |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/it-took-me-long-to-come-to-terms-with-myself-those-were-painful-years/232671 |access-date=2022-09-22 |archive-date=11 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311123845/https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/it-took-me-long-to-come-to-terms-with-myself-those-were-painful-years/232671 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Seth |first=Vikram |title=An Equal Music |publisher=Vintage |year=1999}}</ref> In 2006, he became a leader of the campaign against [[Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code]], a law against [[homosexuality]].<ref name=":0" /> When Section 377 was reinstated in 2013, Seth continued campaigning against the law.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seth |first=Vikram |date=December 20, 2013 |title=Vikram Seth on Section 377 and gay rights in India |work=India Today |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20131230-vikram-seth-on-gay-rights-homosexuality-769369-2013-12-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Burke |first=Jason |date=December 20, 2013 |title=Vikram Seth: India's gay sex ban is against our tradition of tolerance |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/dec/20/vikram-seth-india-supreme-court-ban-gay-sex}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Biswas |first=Soutik |date=December 20, 2013 |title=Why Indian author Vikram Seth is angry |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-25459648}}</ref>

Seth divides his time between the [[United Kingdom]], where he bought and renovated the former home of the Anglican poet [[George Herbert]] near [[Salisbury]], and India, where he has a family home in [[Noida]], [[Uttar Pradesh]].<ref name="herberthouse2">{{citation |last1=Lewis |first1=Leo |title=Listening to God's melodies |date=29 July 2006 |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,923-2288533,00.html |periodical=[[The Times]] |location=London |access-date=5 September 2007 |last2=Island |first2=Jindo}}{{dead link|date=September 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

==Works==

===Novels===
*''[[The Golden Gate (Seth novel)|The Golden Gate]]'' (1986)<ref name="doononline">{{citation |title=Vikram Seth |periodical=DoonOnline: Features & Spotlights |url=http://doononline.net/pages/info_features/features_spotlights/spotlights/seth/index.htm |access-date=5 September 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060516082359/http://www.doononline.net/pages/info_features/features_spotlights/spotlights/seth/index.htm |archive-date=16 May 2006 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*''[[A Suitable Boy]]'' (1993)
*''[[An Equal Music]]'' (1999)<ref name="albertazzi">{{citation |periodical=European Review |date=20 January 2005|volume=13 |pages=103–113 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/S1062798705000104 |url=http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=276618 |first=Silvia |last=Albertazzi |title=An equal music, an alien world: postcolonial literature and the representation of European culture|s2cid=144544406|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
*''[[A Suitable Girl (novel)|A Suitable Girl]] (planned)''

===Poetry===
*''[[Mappings (poetry)|Mappings]]'' (1980)
*''[[The Tale of Melon City]]'' (1981)
*''[[The Humble Administrator's Garden]]'' (1985)
*''[[All You Who Sleep Tonight]]'' (1990)
*''[[Beastly Tales]]'' (1992)
*''[[Three Chinese Poets]]'' (1992)
*''[[The Frog and the Nightingale]]'' (1994)
*''Summer Requiem: A Book of Poems'' (2015)
*''A Doctor's Journal Entry for August 6, 1945''
*''[[Elephant and the Trapogan]]''

=== Translation ===
''Hanuman Chalisa''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/video/1069602/i-did-it-for-my-own-private-pleasure-vikram-seth-on-translating-the-hanuman-chalisa-into-english|title='I did it for my own private pleasure': Vikram Seth on translating the Hanuman Chalisa into English|website=scroll.in|publisher=[[Scroll India]]|date=21 June 2024|accessdate=10 July 2024}}</ref>

===Children's fiction===
*''Arion and the Dolphin'' (1994)
*''The Louse and the Mosquito'' (2020)

===Non-fiction===
* ''[[From Heaven Lake: Travels Through Sinkiang and Tibet]]'' (1983)
* [[Two Lives (non-fiction)|''Two Lives'']] (2005)
* ''The Rivered Earth'' (2011)<ref name="TOI">{{citation |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/sunday-toi/special-report/I-got-drunk-to-write/articleshow/10888180.cms |title=Times of India by Shobha John, TNN: 27 Nov 2011, 05.13 am IST : 'I got drunk to write, says Vikram Seth' |work=The Times of India |location=India |date=27 November 2010}}</ref>

===Appearances in poetry anthologies===
* ''The Oxford India Anthology of Twelve Modern Indian Poets''. Ed. [[Arvind Krishna Mehrotra]]. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1992.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Oxford India Anthology of Twelve Modern Indian Poets |url=https://www.cse.iitk.ac.in/users/amit/books/mehrotra-1993-oxford-india-anthology.html |website=cse.iitk.ac.in |access-date=23 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Book review: 'Twelve Modern Indian Poets' by Arvind Krishna Mehrotra |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/indiascope/story/19920815-book-review-twelve-modern-indian-poets-by-arvind-krishna-mehrotra-766731-2013-01-03 |website=indiatoday.in |date=3 January 2013 |access-date=23 August 2018}}</ref>
* ''The Golden Treasure of [[Writers Workshop (publisher)|Writers Workshop]] Poetry''. Ed. Rubana Huq. Calcutta: Writers Workshop, 2008.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Rubana Huq, ed. The Golden Treasury of Writers Workshop Poetry. Review |url=http://journals.iium.edu.my/asiatic/index.php/AJELL/article/view/82/67 |journal=Asiatic: IIUM Journal of English Language and Literature |date=15 June 2009 |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=126–129 |last1=Mandal |first1=Somdatta }}</ref>

==Awards and honours==

{{BLP sources section|date=November 2023}}
*1983 – Thomas Cook Travel Book Award for ''From Heaven Lake: Travels Through Sinkiang and Tibet''
*1985 – [[Commonwealth Poetry Prize]] (Asia) for ''The Humble Administrator's Garden''
*1988 – [[Sahitya Akademi Award]] for ''The Golden Gate''
*1993 – Shortlisted, [[Irish Times International Fiction Prize]] for ''A Suitable Boy''
*1994 – [[Commonwealth Foundation prizes|Commonwealth Writers Prize]] (Overall Winner, Best Book) for ''A Suitable Boy''
*1994 – [[WH Smith Literary Award]] for ''A Suitable Boy''
*1994 – Elected Fellow of the [[Royal Society of Literature]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-01 |title=Seth, Vikram |url=https://rsliterature.org/fellows/vikram-seth/,%20https://rsliterature.org/fellows/vikram-seth/ |access-date=2025-06-27 |website=Royal Society of Literature |language=en-GB}}</ref>
*1999 – [[Vodafone Crossword Book Award|Crossword Book Award]] for ''An Equal Music''
*2001 – [[Commander of the Order of the British Empire]]
*2001 – EMMA (BT Ethnic and Multicultural Media Award) for Best Book/Novel for ''An Equal Music''
*2005 – [[Pravasi Bharatiya Samman]]
*2007 – [[Padma Shri]] in Literature & Education<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web |url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |title=Padma Awards |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India |year=2015 |access-date=21 July 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |archive-date=15 October 2015 }}</ref>
*2013 – [[NDTV]]'s 25 Greatest Global Living Legends In India

==See also==
* [[List of Indian writers]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Sources==
*[[Amit Chaudhuri|Chaudhuri, Amit]] (ed.). "Vikram Seth (born 1952)." ''The Vintage Book of Modern Indian Literature''. New York: Vintage, 2004:508–537.

==External links==
{{Sister project links |wikt=no |b=no |n=no |q=Vikram Seth |s=Author:Vikram Seth |v=no |species=no |commons=Category:Vikram Seth }}

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150518080821/http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/news/uk_news/article1551817.ece The Telegraph ("Love split delayed Suitable Boy sequel")]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150906135953/http://literature.britishcouncil.org/vikram-seth British Council Bio]
*{{IMDb name |id=1532972 |name=Vikram Seth}}
*[http://alumni.stanford.edu/get/page/magazine/article/?article_id=40714 "Poetic License" by Cynthia Haven, "Stanford Magazine," May/June 1999] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023001737/https://alumni.stanford.edu/get/page/magazine/article/?article_id=40714 |date=23 October 2020 }}; https://web.stanford.edu/~clh/articles/poetic_License.html
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20151122180015/http://bombmagazine.org/article/1377/ ''BOMB Magazine'' interview with Vikram Seth by Ameena Meer]
*[http://sf-encyclopedia.uk/fe.php?nm=seth_vikram Vikram Seth] at the [[The Encyclopedia of Fantasy|Encyclopedia of Fantasy]]
*[https://freshairarchive.org/segments/poet-vikram-seth Interview with Vikram Seth by Terry Gross on Fresh Air]
{{portal bar|Biography|India|Literature|Poetry}}

{{Vikram Seth}}
{{Commonwealth Writers' Prize: Best Book Winners}}
{{Sahitya Akademi Award for English}}{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Literature & Education}}{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Seth, Vikram}}
[[Category:1952 births]]
[[Category:Writers from Kolkata]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Alumni of Corpus Christi College, Oxford]]
[[Category:Bisexual poets]]
[[Category:Bisexual novelists]]
[[Category:The Doon School alumni]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society of Literature]]
[[Category:English-language Indian poets]]
[[Category:Indian emigrants to the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Indian male novelists]]
[[Category:Indian travel writers]]
[[Category:Indian bisexual men]]
[[Category:Indian LGBTQ poets]]
[[Category:Indian LGBTQ novelists]]
[[Category:Indian LGBTQ rights activists]]
[[Category:People educated at Tonbridge School]]
[[Category:The Doon School faculty]]
[[Category:Bisexual male writers]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in English]]
[[Category:St. Xavier's Patna alumni]]
[[Category:Writers from Patna]]
[[Category:Indian male poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian novelists]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian novelists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian essayists]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian essayists]]
[[Category:Indian political writers]]
[[Category:Indian children's writers]]
[[Category:Novelists from West Bengal]]
[[Category:Poets from West Bengal]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male writers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male writers]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[Category:Stegner Fellows]]
[[Category:Recipients of Pravasi Bharatiya Samman]]

South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

2026-03-27T06:52:04Z

Garrisonroofing: improved article

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| demonym = [[South Asian ethnic groups|South Asian]]
| admin_center_type = Headquarters
| admin_center = [[Kathmandu]], Nepal
| coordinates = {{Coord|28|10|N|84|15|E|type:landmark}}
| leader_title1 = {{nowrap|[[Secretary General of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation|Secretary-General]]}}
| leader_name1 = [[Md. Golam Sarwar|Golam Sarwar]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Sarwar to be new Saarc secretary general |url=https://kathmandupost.com/national/2023/03/07/sarwar-to-be-new-saarc-secretary-general |date=7 March 2023 |website=[[The Kathmandu Post]] |access-date=26 March 2023 |archive-date=26 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326214933/https://kathmandupost.com/national/2023/03/07/sarwar-to-be-new-saarc-secretary-general |url-status=live }}</ref>
| leader_title2 = Chairmanship of SAARC
| leader_name2 = {{flagcountry|Bangladesh}}
| legislature = ''None''
| established = {{Start date and age|8 December 1985|df=y|p=y}}
| GDP_PPP = {{increase}} $21.7 trillion<ref name="2025-imf.org">{{Cite web | title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects | url=https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2025/april/weo-report?c=534,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2023&ey=2030&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1 | access-date=2025-08-08 | website=www.imf.org}}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_per_capita = {{increase}} $11,136<ref name="2025-imf.org"/>
| GDP_PPP_year = 2025
| GDP_nominal = {{increase}} $5.22 trillion<ref name="2025-imf.org"/>
| GDP_nominal_per_capita = {{increase}} $2,665<ref name="2025-imf.org"/>
| GDP_nominal_year = 2025
| currency = {{collapsible list
|titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
|title = 8 currencies<hr/>
|[[Afghan afghani]] (؋) {{nowrap|([[ISO 4217|AFN]])}}<hr/>
|[[Bangladeshi taka]] (৳) {{nowrap|([[ISO 4217|BDT]])}}<hr/>
|[[Bhutanese ngultrum]] (Nu.) {{nowrap|([[ISO 4217|BTN]])}}<hr/>
|[[Indian rupee]] (₹) {{nowrap|([[ISO 4217|INR]])}}<hr/>
|[[Maldivian rufiyaa]] (.ރ) {{nowrap|([[ISO 4217|MVR]])}}<hr/>
|[[Nepalese rupee]] (रु) {{nowrap|([[ISO 4217|NPR]])}}<hr/>
|[[Pakistani rupee]] (₨) {{nowrap|([[ISO 4217|PKR]])}}<hr/>
|[[Sri Lankan rupee]] (රු) {{nowrap|([[ISO 4217|LKR]])}}<hr/>
}}
| time_zone = [[Time in Afghanistan|AFT]], [[Pakistan Standard Time|PST]], [[Time in the Maldives|MVT]], [[Indian Standard Time|IST]], [[Sri Lanka Standard Time|SLST]], [[Nepal Standard Time|NPT]], [[Bangladesh Standard Time|BST]], [[Bhutan Time|BTT]]
| utc_offset = [[UTC+4:30|+4:30]] to [[UTC+6|+6:00]]
| time_zone_DST =
| DST_note =
| utc_offset_DST =
| calling_code = {{collapsible list
|titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
|title = 8 codes
| Bangladesh  [[+880]]
| India  [[+91]]
| Pakistan  [[+92]]
| Afghanistan  [[+93]]
| Sri Lanka  [[+94]]
| Maldives  [[+960]]
| Bhutan  [[+975]]
| Nepal  [[+977]]
}}
| cctld = {{collapsible list
|titlestyle = background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;
|title = 8 ccTLDs
| [[.af]]
| [[.bd]]
| [[.bt]]
| [[.in]]
| [[.lk]]
| [[.mv]]
| [[.np]]
| [[.pk]]
}}
| official_website = {{official URL}}
| area_rank =
| area_km2 = 5,222,321
| area_sq_mi = {{Convert|5,222,321 |km2|sqmi|disp=number}} 
| percent_water = 8
| population_estimate = {{IncreaseNeutral}} 1,992,790,035<ref>{{Cite web | title=Population of Southern Asia (2025) - Worldometer | url=https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/southern-asia-population/ | access-date=2025-08-08 | website=www.worldometers.info}}</ref>([[List of continents and continental subregions by population#Distribution of populations by continental subregion|1st]])
| population_estimate_rank =
| population_estimate_year = 2025
| population_density_km2 = 381.6
| population_density_sq_mi = 988.3
| population_density_rank =
| HDI = 0.659
| HDI_change = increase
| HDI_ref = <ref>{{Cite web| title=Human development report 2025 | url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250506051232/https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2025reporten.pdf | archive-date=2025-05-06}}</ref>
| HDI_year = 2023
| today =
}}
The '''South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation''' ('''SAARC''') is an [[intergovernmental organization]] comprising eight sovereign states with full membership: [[Islamic Republic of Afghanistan|Afghanistan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Bhutan]], [[India]], [[Maldives]], [[Nepal]], [[Pakistan]], and [[Sri Lanka]]. It also includes nine non-member observers: [[Australia]], [[China]], the [[European Union]], [[Iran]], [[Japan]], [[Mauritius]], [[Myanmar]], [[South Korea]], and the [[United States]]. {{As of|2021}}, SAARC members collectively account for about 21% of the world's population and 5.21% ({{Currency|4.47 trillion|USD|passthrough=yes|linked=no}}) of the global economy.<ref name="imf.org">{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2015/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=88&pr.y=15&sy=2015&ey=2015&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512,556,513,514,558,564,524,534&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP&grp=0&a= |title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects |work=imf.org |access-date=28 September 2016 |archive-date=2 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702063426/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2015/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=88&pr.y=15&sy=2015&ey=2015&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C556%2C513%2C514%2C558%2C564%2C524%2C534&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP&grp=0&a= |url-status=live }}</ref>

The organization was founded in [[Dhaka]], Bangladesh, on 8 December 1985<ref>{{cite news |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/1156839/rest-peace-saarc-tug-war-india-pakistan/ |title=Rest in peace SAARC: The tug of war between India and Pakistan |date=6 August 2016 |first=Naveed |last=Ahmad |work=[[The Express Tribune]] |access-date=7 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160807134934/http://tribune.com.pk/story/1156839/rest-peace-saarc-tug-war-india-pakistan/ |archive-date=7 August 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> and is currently headquartered in [[Kathmandu]], Nepal. SAARC has promoted economic development and [[regional integration]],<ref name="Charter of SAARC">{{cite web |url=http://www.saarc-sec.org/SAARC-Charter/5/ |title=Charter of SAARC |website=SAARC Secretariat |access-date=10 November 2013 |archive-date=27 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027045633/http://saarc-sec.org/SAARC-Charter/5/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> including through the [[South Asian Free Trade Area]] since 2006.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://aric.adb.org/fta/south-asian-free-trade-area |title=South Asian Free Trade Area Free Trade Agreement |last=Center |first=Asia Regional Integration |website=aric.adb.org |access-date=2 March 2018 |archive-date=20 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820234253/https://aric.adb.org/fta/south-asian-free-trade-area |url-status=live }}</ref> It maintains a permanent diplomatic presence at the [[United Nations]] as an observer and has developed similar links with the European Union.

{{As of|2026}}, [[List of SAARC summits|SAARC summits]] have not been held since the [[18th SAARC summit|18th summit in Nepal]] in November 2014. Although the [[19th SAARC summit|19th summit in Pakistan]] was scheduled to take place in November 2016, it was indefinitely postponed following the withdrawal of India and several other member states due to the [[2016 Uri attack|Uri attack]] by the Pakistani militant group [[Jaish-e-Mohammed]]; India currently cooperates with its eastern neighbours through [[Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation|BIMSTEC]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Longtail-e-media |title=From SAARC to BIMSTEC: Neighborhood Perspective |url=https://www.aidiaasia.org/research-article/from-saarc-to-bimstec-neighborhood-perspective |access-date=6 May 2023 |website=aidiaasia.org |language=en-us |archive-date=6 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506163745/https://www.aidiaasia.org/research-article/from-saarc-to-bimstec-neighborhood-perspective |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |title=BIMSTEC Gets a New Lease of Life |url=https://thediplomat.com/2022/04/bimstec-gets-a-new-lease-of-life/ |access-date=6 May 2023 |magazine=The Diplomat |language=en-US |archive-date=4 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230604173042/https://thediplomat.com/2022/04/bimstec-gets-a-new-lease-of-life/ |url-status=live }}</ref> while Bangladesh has sought to revive the organization alongside pursuing membership status with [[ASEAN]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-09-25 |title=Bangladesh working to revive Saarc, pursuing Asean membership: CA |url=https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/bangladesh-working-revive-saarc-pursuing-asean-membership-ca-1245246 |access-date=2025-10-23 |website=The Business Standard |language=en}}</ref>

==Historical background==
The idea of co-operation among South Asian Countries was discussed in three conferences: the [[Asian Relations Conference]] held in New Delhi in April 1947; the Baguio Conference in the [[Philippines]] in May 1950; and the [[Colombo]] Powers Conference held in [[Sri Lanka]] in April 1954.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jang.com.pk/important_events/saarc_2004/history.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304064044/http://jang.com.pk/important_events/saarc_2004/history.html |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead |title=12th SAARC Summit Islamabad: History and Evolution of SAARC}}</ref>

{{Supranational Asian Bodies|align=left|size=310px}}
In the ending years of the 1970s, the seven inner South Asian nations that included Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, agreed upon the creation of a trade bloc and to provide a platform for the people of South Asia to work together in a spirit of friendship, trust, and understanding. For Bangladesh, a prime reason for proposing this regional cooperation framework was the failure of its [[Accession of Bangladesh to ASEAN|attempt to join ASEAN]]. Seeking to replicate the successes of [[ASEAN]] and a way to legitimise his [[15 August 1975 Bangladeshi coup d'état|government]],<ref name="NIHCR in Islamabad" /><ref>{{cite journal |last=Bhushan |first=Bharat |date=2019 |title=Status of Regional Cooperation in South Asia |url=https://southasianrights.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/2-Status_of_Regional_Cooperation_in_South_Asia.pdf |journal=South Asians for Human Rights Research Study |pages=3 |access-date=8 June 2025}}</ref> President [[Ziaur Rahman]] of Bangladesh later wrote official letters to the leaders of the countries of South Asia, presenting his vision for the future of the region and compelling arguments for co-operation.<ref name="Daily Star, Sri Lanka">{{cite news |date=1 August 2008 |title=History and mission of SAARC |url=http://archives.dailynews.lk/2008/08/01/saarc02.asp |location=Colombo |newspaper=Daily News |access-date=10 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110182400/http://archives.dailynews.lk/2008/08/01/saarc02.asp |archive-date=10 November 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref>

During his visit to India in December 1977, Rahman discussed the issue of regional cooperation with the Indian Prime Minister, [[Morarji Desai]]. In the inaugural speech to the Colombo Plan Consultative Committee which met in Kathmandu also in 1977, [[King Birendra]] of Nepal gave a call for close regional cooperation among South Asian countries in sharing river waters.<ref name="NIHCR in Islamabad">{{cite web |last=Muhammad |first=Jamshed Iqbal |title=SAARC: Origin, Growth, Potential and Achievements |url=http://www.nihcr.edu.pk/Latest_English_Journal/SAARC_Jamshed_Iqbal.pdf |work=National Institute of Historical and Cultural Research in Islamabad |access-date=11 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111092347/http://www.nihcr.edu.pk/Latest_English_Journal/SAARC_Jamshed_Iqbal.pdf |archive-date=11 November 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref>

After the [[Soviet Union|USSR]]'s [[Soviet invasion of Afghanistan|intervention]] in [[Communist Afghanistan|Afghanistan]], efforts to establish the union were accelerated in 1979 amid the resulting rapid deterioration of the South Asian security situation.<ref name="NIHCR in Islamabad"/> Responding to Rahman and Birendra's convention, officials of the [[Foreign minister|foreign ministries]] of the [[South Asia|seven countries]] met for the first time in Colombo in April 1981.<ref name="NIHCR in Islamabad"/> The Bangladeshi proposal was promptly endorsed by Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, and Maldives, however India and Pakistan were sceptical initially.<ref name="NIHCR in Islamabad"/> The Indian concern was the proposal's reference to the security matters in South Asia and feared that Rahman's proposal for a regional organisation might provide an opportunity for new smaller neighbours to re-internationalize all bilateral issues and to join with each other to form an opposition against India. Pakistan assumed that it might be an Indian strategy to organize the other South Asian countries against Pakistan and ensure a regional market for Indian products, thereby consolidating and further strengthening India's economic dominance in the region.<ref name="NIHCR in Islamabad"/>

However, after a series of diplomatic consultations headed by Bangladesh between South Asian UN representatives at the [[UN headquarters]] in New York, from September 1979 to 1980, it was agreed that Bangladesh would prepare the draft of a working paper for discussion among the foreign secretaries of South Asian countries.<ref name="NIHCR in Islamabad"/> The foreign secretaries of the inner seven countries again delegated a [[Committee of the Whole]] in Colombo in September 1981, which identified five broad areas for regional cooperation. New areas of co-operation were added in the following years.<ref>
[http://saarc-sec.org/main.php?id=76 "A Brief on SAARC." South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202114138/http://saarc-sec.org/main.php?id=76 |date=2 December 2008 }} No date. See for a complete historical account of SAARC e.g. Michael, Arndt (2013). India's Foreign Policy and Regional Multilateralism (Palgrave Macmillan), pp. 57–112.</ref>

In 1983, at the international conference held in [[Dhaka]] by its Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the foreign ministers of the [[South Asia|inner seven countries]] adopted the Declaration on South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and formally launched the Integrated Programme of Action (IPA) initially in five agreed areas of cooperation, namely, Agriculture; Rural Development; Telecommunications; Meteorology; and Health and Population Activities.<ref name="Jang Media Group">{{cite web |url=http://jang.com.pk/important_events/saarc_2004/history.html |title=History and Evolution of SAARC |work=Jang Media Research Unit |access-date=11 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111092417/http://jang.com.pk/important_events/saarc_2004/history.html |archive-date=11 November 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) {{!}} Treaties & Regimes {{!}} NTI|url=https://www.nti.org/learn/treaties-and-regimes/south-asian-association-regional-cooperation-saarc/|access-date=13 September 2020|website=www.nti.org|archive-date=27 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327195017/https://www.nti.org/learn/treaties-and-regimes/south-asian-association-regional-cooperation-saarc/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Officially, the union was established in [[Dhaka]] with [[Kathmandu]] being the union's secretariat-general.<ref name="About SAARC">{{cite web |url=http://www.mohe.gov.af/saarc.afg/about%20us.html |title=About SAARC |website=SAARC Secretariat |access-date=11 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111090614/http://www.mohe.gov.af/saarc.afg/about%20us.html |archive-date=11 November 2013 }}</ref> The first SAARC summit was held in Dhaka on 7–8 December 1985 and hosted by the President of Bangladesh [[Hussain Muhammad Ershad|Hussain Ershad]].<ref name="SAARC Summit press, 1st Summit">{{cite web |url=http://www.saarc-sec.org/userfiles/01-Dhaka-1stSummit1985.pdf |title=1st Summit Declaration |work=SAARC Secretariat |access-date=10 November 2013 |archive-date=7 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160607131812/http://www.saarc-sec.org/userfiles/01-Dhaka-1stSummit1985.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> The declaration was signed by, namely, King of Bhutan [[Jigme Singye Wangchuk]]; President of Pakistan [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq|Zia-ul-Haq]]; Prime Minister of India [[Rajiv Gandhi]]; King of Nepal [[Birendra of Nepal|Birendra Shah]]; President of Sri Lanka [[Junius Richard Jayewardene|JR Jayewardene]]; and President of Maldives [[Maumoon Abdul Gayoom|Maumoon Gayoom]].<ref name="SAARC Summit press, 1st Summit" />

==Members and observers==
[[Economic data]] is sourced from the [[International Monetary Fund]], current as of November 2024 unless stated otherwise, and is given in [[United States dollar|US dollars]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2015/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=54&pr.y=16&sy=2013&ey=2015&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512,556,513,514,558,564,524,534&s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC,LUR,LP,GGX&grp=0&a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|work=World Economic Outlook Database|date=April 2015|publisher=International Monetary Fund|access-date=28 September 2016|archive-date=2 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702045214/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2015/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=54&pr.y=16&sy=2013&ey=2015&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512,556,513,514,558,564,524,534&s=NGDPD,NGDPDPC,PPPGDP,PPPPC,LUR,LP,GGX&grp=0&a=|url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Members===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center" style="font-size:77%"
|+
|-
!scope=col| Country
!scope=col| Population{{UN_Population|ref}} (2024)
!scope=col|[[List of countries by GDP (nominal)|GDP (nominal)]] [US$ million, 2024]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/02/weodata/index.aspx|title=World Economic Outlook Database|date=October 2019|website=International Monetary Fund|access-date=14 March 2020|archive-date=15 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015153905/https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2019/02/weodata/index.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref>
!scope=col|[[List of countries by GDP (PPP)|GDP (PPP)]] [US$ million, 2024]
!scope=col|[[List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita|GDP per capita (Nominal)]]
!scope=col|[[List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita|GDP per capita (PPP)]]
!scope=col|[[List of countries by real GDP growth rate|GDP growth rate (2024)]]
!scope=col|[[List of countries by exports|Exports (US$ million, 2024 or earlier)]]
!scope=col|[[List of countries by received FDI|Foreign direct investment (US$ million, 2023)]]
!scope=col|[[List of countries by foreign-exchange reserves|Foreign exchange reserves (US$ million)]]
!scope=col|Defence budget (US$ million){{cn|date=October 2025}}
!scope=col|[[List of countries by literacy rate|Literacy rate (above age 15)]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Data for South Asia, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Pakistan, Sri Lanka |url=https://data.worldbank.org/?locations=8S-AF-BD-BT-IN-MV-PK-LK |access-date=2024-11-15 |website=World Bank Open Data}}</ref>
!scope=col|[[List of countries by life expectancy|Life expectancy]]
!scope=col|[[List of countries by percentage of population living in poverty|Population below poverty line]]
!scope=col|Primary school enrolment<ref>{{Cite web |title=School enrollment, secondary (% gross) |url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.SEC.ENRR |access-date=2024-11-15 |website=World Bank Open Data |archive-date=1 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241201024424/https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.SEC.ENRR |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://worldbank.github.io/SARMD_guidelines/note-school.html |title=Chapter 13 School enrollment in South Asia {{!}} South Asia Regional Micro Database (SARMD) User Guidelines |archive-date=20 August 2024 |access-date=15 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240820025412/https://worldbank.github.io/SARMD_guidelines/note-school.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
!scope=col|Secondary school enrollment<ref>{{cite web |url=http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.SEC.ENRR/countries |title=Gross enrollment ratio, secondary, both sexes (%) - Data |publisher=World Bank |access-date=2 June 2015 |archive-date=16 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150516152545/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.SEC.ENRR/countries |url-status=live }}</ref>
!scope=col|Population undernourished (%)
!scope=col|Human Development Index
!scope=col|Democracy Index
!scope=col|Global Terrorism Index
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Afghanistan|2013}}
| 42,647,492 || $14,467 || $72,512 || $411 || $2,116
|
| $1,476 || $20.6 || $443 || $1,100<ref>{{Cite web |last=Times |first=Zan |date=2023-05-11 |title=Analyzing the Taliban budget for 2023-24: Prioritizing military spending over citizen welfare |url=https://zantimes.com/2023/05/11/analyzing-the-taliban-budget-for-2023-24-prioritizing-military-spending-over-citizen-welfare/ |access-date=2024-11-15 |website=Zan Times |language=en-US |archive-date=28 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240828055011/https://zantimes.com/2023/05/11/analyzing-the-taliban-budget-for-2023-24-prioritizing-military-spending-over-citizen-welfare/ |url-status=live }}</ref> || 37.3% || 63.67 || 42% || 88% || 54% || 28.5%
|0.462
(182)

|0.26
(167)
|9.233

(1)
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Bangladesh}}
| 173,562,364 || $451,468 || $1,690,000 || $2,825 || $9,876 || 5.4% || $60,138 || $1,385.16 || $25,500 || $5,200 || 75.2% || 73.10 || 24.3% || 98% || 79% || 15.1%
|0.670
(129)
|5.87
(75)
|0
(124)
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Bhutan}}
| 791,524 || $3,110 || $12,980 || $4,068 || $16,754 || 5.2% || $791 || $11.92 || $972 || $7.3<ref>{{Cite journal |last= |first= |date=June 2024 |title=National Budget Financial Year 2024-25 |url=https://www.mof.gov.bt/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Budget-Report-2024-25-English.pdf |journal=Ministry of Finance, Government of Bhutan}}</ref>|| 66.6% || 70.20 || 12% || 97% || 78% || 8.7%
|0.681
(125)
|5.54
(81)
|0.305
(107)
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|India}}
| 1,450,935,791 || $3,889,130 || $16,024,460 || $2,698 || $11,112 || 7.0% || $773,223 || $28,070.21 || $675,653 || $81,400 || 77.7% || 70.1 || 21.9% || 97% || 75% || 14.2%
|0.644
(134)
|7.18
(41)
|4.222
(11)
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Maldives}}
| 527,799 || $7,199 || $13,870 || $17,287 || $34,322 || 4.7% || $5,096 || $761.52 || $588 || $55 || 97% || 77.34 || 16% || 97% || N/A || 3.1%
|0.762
(87)
|N/A
|N/A
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Nepal}}
| 29,651,054 || $43,673 || $169,120 || $1,381 || $5,348 || 3.1% || $2,722 || $73.83 || $18,400 || $400 || 67.9% || 70.25 || 13.4% || 97% || 67% || 11.2%
|0.601
(146)
|4.6
(98)
|4.791
(32)
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Pakistan}}
| 251,269,164 || $374,595 || $1,580,000 || $1,588 || $6,715 || 2.4% || $38,700 || $1,818 || $15,965 || $11,000 || 58% || 66.48 || 24.3% || 92% || 34% || 18.3%
|0.540
(164)
|3.25
(118)
|10
(10)
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Sri Lanka}}
| 21,916,000 || $74,846 || $319,248 || $3,330 || $14,255
|
| $13,082 || $711.83 || $6,467 || $2,000 || 92.2% || 75.28 || 6.7% || 99% || 77% || 9.8%
|0.780
(79)
|6.17
(70)
|4.077
(42)
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|+Membership in other bodies
|-
!scope=col| Country
!scope=col|[[G20]]
!scope=col|[[BRICS]]
!scope=col|[[BIMSTEC]]
!scope=col|[[Indian-Ocean Rim Association|IORA]]
!scope=col|[[Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement|APTA]]
!scope=col|[[BBIN]]
!scope=col|[[SASEC]]
!scope=col|[[AIIB]]
!scope=col|[[Asian Clearing Union|ACU]]
!scope=col|[[Asia Cooperation Dialogue|ACD]]
!scope=col|[[Asian Development Bank|ADB]]
!scope=col|[[World Bank]]
!scope=col|[[List of states with nuclear weapons|Nuclear weapons]]
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Afghanistan|2013}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Bangladesh}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Bhutan}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|India}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Maldives}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Nepal}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Pakistan}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|-
! scope=row style="text-align:left;" | {{flag|Sri Lanka}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{ya|color=}}
|{{na|color=}}
|}

The member states are [[Afghanistan]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Bhutan]], [[India]], the [[Maldives]], [[Nepal]], [[Pakistan]], and [[Sri Lanka]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saarc-sec.org/ |title=South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation |website=SAARC Secretariat |access-date=27 June 2014 |archive-date=28 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161228044459/http://www.saarc-sec.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

SAARC was founded by seven states in 1985. In 2005, Afghanistan began negotiating their accession to SAARC and formally applied for membership in the same year.<ref name="rediff web services">{{cite news |date=28 August 2005 |title=Afghanistan keen to join SAARC |url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2005/aug/28afghan3.htm |newspaper=rediff web services |access-date=11 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111112752/http://www.rediff.com/news/2005/aug/28afghan3.htm |archive-date=11 November 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Dawn news, 2007">{{cite news |date=4 April 2004 |title=Afghanistan inducted as 8th member: 14th Saarc summit begins |url=http://dawn.com/news/240651/afghanistan-inducted-as-8th-member-14th-saarc-summit-begins |newspaper=Dawn |access-date=11 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111114051/http://dawn.com/news/240651/afghanistan-inducted-as-8th-member-14th-saarc-summit-begins |archive-date=11 November 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> The issue of Afghanistan joining SAARC generated a great deal of debate in each member state, including concerns about the definition of South Asian identity<ref name="Routledge">{{cite book |last=Sáez |first=Lawrence |date=2012 |title=The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC): An emerging collaboration architecture |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yTzKWI42uR4C&pg=PT58 |publisher=Routledge |location=Abingdon, Oxon |pages=58– |isbn=978-1-136-67108-1}}</ref> because Afghanistan is [[Indian subcontinent#Geopolitics|considered a Central Asian country]], while it is neither accepted as a Middle Eastern country, nor as a Central Asian country, or as part of the [[Indian subcontinent]], other than being only in part of South Asia.<ref name="anderson5">{{cite book |author1=Ewan W. Anderson |author2=Liam D. Anderson |title=An Atlas of Middle Eastern Affairs |date=4 December 2013 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n-VJAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA5 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-64862-5 |page=5}}, Quote: "To the east, Iran, as a Gulf state, offers a generally accepted limit to the Middle East. However, Afghanistan, also a Muslim state, is then left in isolation. It is not accepted as a part of Central Asia and it is clearly not part of the Indian subcontinent".</ref>

SAARC member states imposed a stipulation for Afghanistan to hold a [[2005 Afghan parliamentary election|general election]]; the [[non-partisan]] elections were held in late 2005.<ref name="Routledge"/> Despite initial reluctance and internal debates, [[Afghanistan]] joined SAARC as its eighth member state in April 2007.<ref name="Routledge"/><ref>O'Rourke, Breffni. "[https://www.rferl.org/a/1075660.html South Asia: Afghanistan Joins World's Largest Regional Grouping] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031082350/https://www.rferl.org/a/1075660.html |date=31 October 2020 }}." Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 3 April 2007.</ref>

Despite the [[2021 Taliban offensive|takeover of Afghanistan by the Taliban in 2021]], Afghanistan is still a member of SAARC, despite calls for their suspension and none of the other SAARC members recognizing the Taliban government.<ref>{{cite web |title=Making a case for suspending Afghanistan from SAARC to prevent the crippling of the organisation |url=https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/suspending-afghanistan-from-saarc-and-international-law/ |website=[[Observer Research Foundation]] |access-date=5 October 2023 |archive-date=26 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231126160230/https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/suspending-afghanistan-from-saarc-and-international-law |url-status=live }}</ref> The issue was further exasperated as it was Afghanistan's turn to select a Secretary General for SAARC in 2023. All other members decided to skip Afghanistan and award the selection to Bangladesh, with Nepali foreign secretary, [[Bharat Raj Paudyal]], stating that "When the term of the Bangladeshi secretary general ends, if the problems in Afghanistan are resolved, the new secretary general will be from Afghanistan, not from Bhutan."<ref>{{cite web |title=SAARC Secretary General Position not awarded to Afghanistan |url=https://theprint.in/world/saarc-secretary-general-position-not-awarded-to-afghanistan/1437279/ |website=[[ThePrint]] |access-date=5 October 2023 |date=12 March 2023 |archive-date=3 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603070012/https://theprint.in/world/saarc-secretary-general-position-not-awarded-to-afghanistan/1437279/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Bangladesh will get to pick new Saarc secretary general |url=https://kathmandupost.com/national/2023/02/19/bangladesh-will-get-to-pick-new-saarc-secretary-general |website=[[kathmandu post]] |access-date=5 October 2023 |language=English |archive-date=22 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230322225954/https://kathmandupost.com/national/2023/02/19/bangladesh-will-get-to-pick-new-saarc-secretary-general |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Observer countries===
States with observer status include<ref name="obs">{{cite web |url=http://saarc-sec.org/Cooperation-with-Observers/13/ |title=Cooperation with Observers |website=SAARC Secretariat |access-date=8 March 2014 |archive-date=25 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161225211433/http://www.saarc-sec.org/Cooperation-with-Observers/13/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Australia,<ref name="australia">{{cite web |url=http://www.colombopage.com/archive_08/July3042729CH.html |title=Sri Lanka, 7 - 30 - 2008: Australia and Myanmar to admit as SAARC observers - Sri Lanka official |work=ColomboPage |access-date=31 July 2008 |archive-date=2 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602171703/http://www.colombopage.com/archive_08/July3042729CH.html |url-status=usurped }}</ref> China, the European Union, Iran, Japan,<ref name="observers">{{cite news |url=http://www.thehimalayantimes.com/fullstory.asp?filename=6a6Za3za.9amal&folder=aHaoamW&Name=Home&dtSiteDate=20060802 |title=SAARC To Grant Observer Status To US, S Korea, EU |access-date=2 August 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090209052654/http://www.thehimalayantimes.com/fullstory.asp?filename=6a6Za3za.9amal&folder=aHaoamW&Name=Home&dtSiteDate=20060802 |work=The Himalayan Times |archive-date=9 February 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Mauritius,<ref name="mauritius">{{cite news |url=http://www.island.lk/2008/07/23/news2.html |title=Australia, Myanmar seek SAARC observer status |work=The Island |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200710212555/http://www.island.lk/2008/07/23/news2.html |archive-date=10 July 2020}}</ref> Myanmar, South Korea, and the United States.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saarc-sec.org/Cooperation-with-Observers/13/ |title=Cooperation with Observers |website=SAARC Secretariat |access-date=16 November 2012 |archive-date=25 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161225211433/http://www.saarc-sec.org/Cooperation-with-Observers/13/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://saarc-sec.org/external_relations/details/relations-with-observers |title=SAARC Secretariat |website=saarc-sec.org |access-date=11 April 2020 |archive-date=11 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200411062527/http://saarc-sec.org/external_relations/details/relations-with-observers |url-status=dead }}</ref>

China's 2007 application for observer status received strong support from Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Nepal, and Pakistan.<ref name=Kelegama>{{Cite book |last=Kelegama |first=Saman |url= |title=The new great game : China and South and Central Asia in the era of reform |date=2016 |publisher=[[Stanford University Press]] |others=Thomas Fingar |isbn=978-0-8047-9764-1 |location=Stanford, California |pages=192 |chapter=China as a Balancer in South Asia |oclc=939553543 |author-link=Saman Kelegama}}</ref> Other South Asian members of SAARC agreed to support China's observer status, but were not as strongly in favor.<ref name=Kelegama />

On 2 August 2006, the foreign ministers of SAARC countries agreed in principle to grant observer status to three applicants;<ref name="Observer">
[http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?id=68654965-9d60-4718-ae85-82acf647aa45 "SAARC to grant observer status to US, S Korea, EU] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081210145826/http://www.hindustantimes.com/StoryPage/StoryPage.aspx?id=68654965-9d60-4718-ae85-82acf647aa45 |date=10 December 2008 }} ." ''Hindustan Times.'' 2 August 2006.
</ref> the US and South Korea (both made requests in April 2006),<ref name="Observer"/> as well as the European Union (requested in July 2006).<ref>
[https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4900498.stm Waliur Rahman. "US and S Korea to observe SAARC." BBC News] , 11 April 2008.
</ref> On 4 March 2007, Iran requested observer status,<ref>{{cite news |date=4 March 2007 |title=Iran requests for observer status in SAARC |url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/world/2007-03/04/content_818998.htm |newspaper=China Daily |access-date=29 October 2015 |archive-date=24 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924213057/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/world/2007-03/04/content_818998.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> followed shortly by Mauritius.

===Potential future members===
Myanmar has expressed interest in upgrading its status from an observer to a full member of SAARC.<ref name="orfonline.org">{{cite web |url=http://www.orfonline.org/cms/sites/orfonline/modules/analysis/AnalysisDetail.html?cmaid=14854&mmacmaid=14855 |title=SAARC and Myanmar: Observer Research Foundation |access-date=6 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212141859/http://www.orfonline.org/cms/sites/orfonline/modules/analysis/AnalysisDetail.html?cmaid=14854&mmacmaid=14855 |archive-date=12 December 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> China has requested joining SAARC.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kumar |first=S. Y. Surendra |date=December 2015 |title=China's SAARC membership: The debate |url=https://icsum.org.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/IJCSV6N3-FULL-ISSUE-1.pdf |journal=International Journal of China Studies |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=299–311 |access-date=20 October 2020 |archive-date=18 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200718161618/https://icsum.org.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/IJCSV6N3-FULL-ISSUE-1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Russia has applied for observer status membership of SAARC.<ref name="The Economic Times">{{cite news |date=16 February 2014 |title=Russia, Turkey seek observer status in SAARC |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/russia-turkey-seek-observer-status-in-saarc/articleshow/30517011.cms |work=The Economic Times |agency=Indo-Asian News Service |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170623012720/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/russia-turkey-seek-observer-status-in-saarc/articleshow/30517011.cms |archive-date=23 June 2017}}</ref><ref name="cris.unu.edu">[http://www.cris.unu.edu/fileadmin/workingpapers/W-2008-8_01.pdf SAARC The Changing Dimensions: UNU-CRIS Working Papers United Nations University] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020123535/http://www.cris.unu.edu/fileadmin/workingpapers/W-2008-8_01.pdf |date=20 October 2013 }} , Comparative Regional Integration Studies</ref><ref name="news.oneindia.in">[https://www.oneindia.com/2006/11/22/russia-keen-to-join-saarc-as-observer-1164200695.html Russia keen to join SAARC as observer] , Oneindia News</ref> [[Turkey]] applied for observer status membership of SAARC in 2012.<ref name="The Economic Times"/><ref name="cris.unu.edu"/><ref name="news.oneindia.in"/> South Africa has participated in meetings.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/uncategorized/saarc-nations-call-for-transparency-in-social-sector_10024810.html |title=SAARC nations call for transparency in social sector |work=thaindian.com |access-date=7 March 2008 |archive-date=4 April 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080404230053/http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/uncategorized/saarc-nations-call-for-transparency-in-social-sector_10024810.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Indonesia]], [[Jordan]], Canada, New Zealand, Ireland, [[Saudi Arabia]], the United Kingdom and [[Yemen]] have expressed interest.{{citation needed|date=September 2021}}

==Secretariat==
[[File:SAARC Secretariat at Kathmandu.JPG|thumb|Secretariat of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation in [[Kathmandu]], Nepal]]

The SAARC Secretariat was established in Kathmandu on 16 January 1987 and was inaugurated by the late King [[Birendra of Nepal|Birendra Bir Bikram Shah]] of Nepal.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://archives.dailynews.lk/2008/07/26/fea01.asp |title=SAARC: Towards greater integration in South Asia |work=Daily News |access-date=5 June 2017 |archive-date=7 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807010226/http://archives.dailynews.lk/2008/07/26/fea01.asp |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Specialized bodies===
SAARC member states have established the following specialized bodies within the organization, which have distinct mandates and structures that differ from the regional centers. These bodies are managed by their respective governing boards, composed of representatives from all member states, the representative of H.E. Secretary-General of SAARC, and the Ministry of Foreign/External Affairs of the host government. The heads of these bodies serve as the member secretaries to the governing board, which reports to the Programming Committee of SAARC.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+
!scope=col|Specialized Body
!scope=col|Location
!scope=col|Country
!scope=col|Website
|-
!scope=row|SAARC Arbitration Council (SARCO)
|Islamabad
|Pakistan
|[http://sarco-sec.org/ www.sarco-sec.org]
|-
!scope=row|[[SAARC Development Fund]] (SDF)
|Thimphu
|Bhutan
|[http://www.sdfsec.org/ www.sdfsec.org]
|-
!scope=row|[[South Asian University]] (SAU)
|New Delhi
|India
|[http://www.sau.int/ www.sau.int]
|-
!scope=row|South Asian Regional Standards Organization (SARSO)
|Dhaka
|Bangladesh
|[http://www.sarso.org.bd/ www.sarso.org.bd]
|}

===Regional Centres===
The SAARC Secretariat is supported by following Regional Centres established in the Member States to promote regional co-operation. These Centres are managed by Governing Boards comprising representatives from all the Member States, SAARC Secretary-General and the Ministry of Foreign/External Affairs of the Host Government. The Director of the Centre acts as Member Secretary to the Governing Board which reports to the Programming Committee. After 31 December 2015, there 6 regional centers were stopped by unanimous decision. These are SMRC, SFC, SDC, SCZMC, SIC, SHRDC.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://saarc-sec.org/saarc-regional-centres |title=SAARC Secretariat |access-date=8 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809040239/http://saarc-sec.org/saarc-regional-centres |archive-date=9 August 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Source:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://saarc-sec.org/saarc-regional-centres|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809040239/http://saarc-sec.org/saarc-regional-centres|url-status=dead|title=SAARC Secretariat|archivedate=9 August 2017|website=saarc-sec.org}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope=col | Regional Centre
! scope=col | Location
! scope=col | Country
! scope=col | Website
|-
! scope=row | [[SAARC Agriculture Centre]] (SAC)
| Dhaka || Bangladesh || [http://www.sac.org.bd/ www.sac.org.bd/]
|-
! scope=row | [[SAARC Meteorological Research Centre]] (SMRC)
| Dhaka || Bangladesh ||
|-
! scope=row | SAARC Forestry Centre (SFC)
| Thimphu || Bhutan ||
|-
! scope=row | SAARC Documentation Centre (SDC)
| New Delhi || India ||
|-
! scope=row | SAARC Disaster Management Centre (SDMC)
| [[Gandhinagar]] || India || [http://saarc-sdmc.org/ saarc-sdmc.org/]
|-
! scope=row | SAARC Coastal Zone Management Centre (SCZMC)
| Malé || Maldives ||
|-
! scope=row | SAARC Information Centre (SIC)
| Kathmandu || Nepal ||
|-
! scope=row | SAARC Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS Centre (STAC)
| [[Bhaktapur]] || Nepal || [http://www.saarctb.org/ www.saarctb.org/]
|-
! scope=row | SAARC Human Resources Development Centre (SHRDC)
| Islamabad || Pakistan ||
|-
! scope=row | SAARC Energy Centre (SEC)
| Islamabad || Pakistan || [http://www.saarcenergy.org/ www.saarcenergy.org/]
|-
! scope=row | SAARC Cultural Centre (SCC)
| Colombo || Sri Lanka || [http://www.saarcculture.org/ www.saarcculture.org/]
|}

===Anthem===
SAARC does not have an official anthem as yet like some other regional organizations (e.g. ASEAN).<ref name="hindustantimes.com">
[http://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/will-saarc-have-an-anthem-like-asean/article1-1281988.aspx#sthash.PjRuwc4J.dpuf Will SAARC have an anthem-like ASEAN?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141104203101/http://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/will-saarc-have-an-anthem-like-asean/article1-1281988.aspx#sthash.PjRuwc4J.dpuf |date=4 November 2014 }} Hindustan Times, 3 November 2014
</ref>

==Apex and Recognized Bodies==
SAARC has six Apex Bodies,<ref name="saarc-sec.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.saarc-sec.org/Apex-and-Recognised-Bodies/14/|title=South Asian Association For Regional Cooperation — Apex and Recognised Bodies|work=saarc-sec.org|access-date=28 May 2013|archive-date=30 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530142634/http://saarc-sec.org/Apex-and-Recognised-Bodies/14/|url-status=dead}}</ref> they are:
* [[SAARC Chamber of Commerce & Industry]] (SCCI),
* [[South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation Secretariat|South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation]] in Law (SAARCLAW),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saarclaw.org/index.php|title=SAARCLAW — South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation in Law|work=saarclaw.org|access-date=9 June 2013|archive-date=6 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806201822/http://www.saarclaw.org/index.php|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[South Asian Federation of Accountants]] (SAFA),
* [[South Asia Foundation]] (SAF),
* South Asia Initiative to End Violence Against Children (SAIEVAC),
* [[Foundation of SAARC Writers and Literature]] (FOSWAL)

SAARC also has about 18 recognized bodies.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://saarc-sec.org/saarc-recognized-bodies |title=SAARC Recognized Bodies |website=SAARC Secretariat |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170403192809/http://saarc-sec.org/saarc-recognized-bodies |archive-date=3 April 2017}}</ref>

==SAARC Disaster Management Centre==
{{AI-generated|section=SAARC Disaster|date=September 2025}}
The SAARC Disaster Management Centre (SDMC) is a regional organization established to enhance disaster risk management and response within the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) member states. Its primary objective is to provide policy advice, technical support, capacity building, and training for comprehensive disaster risk management in the region.

SAARC SDMC

'''Key Functions:'''

* '''Policy Advice and Technical Support:''' SDMC offers guidance on disaster management policies and assists in developing systems to improve disaster resilience.
* '''Capacity Building and Training:''' The center conducts training programs and workshops to strengthen the disaster management capabilities of member states.
* '''Information Exchange:''' Facilitates the sharing of information and expertise among member countries to enhance collaborative disaster risk management efforts.

'''Initiatives:'''

* '''South Asian Disaster Knowledge Network:''' A platform for sharing disaster-related information and best practices across the region.
* '''South Asia Digital Vulnerability Atlas (SADVA):''' An initiative aimed at mapping and analyzing disaster vulnerabilities in South Asia.

==Political issues==
{{See also|Indian Century}}
Lasting peace and prosperity in South Asia has been elusive because of the various ongoing conflicts in the region. Political dialogue is often conducted on the margins of SAARC meetings which have refrained from interfering in the internal matters of its member states.<ref>See for this aspect Michael, Arndt (2013). Sovereignty vs. Security: SAARC and its Role in the Regional Security Architecture in South Asia. Harvard Asia Quarterly Summer 2013, Vol. VX, No.2: 37-45</ref> During the 12th and 13th SAARC summits, extreme emphasis was laid upon greater cooperation between SAARC members to fight terrorism.<ref>{{cite book |last=Jhawar |first=Shiv |date=2004 |title=Building a Noble World |page=44 |publisher=Noble World Foundation |isbn=978-0-9749197-0-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://nobelprize.org/|title=The Nobel Peace Prize for 2012|access-date=12 October 2012|archive-date=5 April 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060405023917/http://nobelprize.org/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The 19th SAARC summit scheduled to be held in Pakistan was called off as India, Bangladesh, Bhutan and Afghanistan decided to boycott it due to [[2016 Uri attack|a terrorist attack on an army camp in Uri]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/116144-SAARC-conference-in-Pakistan-postponed-confirm-official-sources |title=SAARC conference in Pakistan postponed |access-date=21 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210001802/https://www.geo.tv/latest/116144-SAARC-conference-in-Pakistan-postponed-confirm-official-sources |archive-date=10 February 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/dhaka-kabul-thimphu-too-blame-islamabad-saarc-summit-to-be-called-off-3054953/ |title=SAARC summit to be called off as Dhaka, Kabul and Thimphu too slam Islamabad |work=The Indian Express |date=29 September 2016 |access-date=21 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226165027/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/dhaka-kabul-thimphu-too-blame-islamabad-saarc-summit-to-be-called-off-3054953/ |archive-date=26 December 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> It was the first time that four countries boycotted a SAARC summit, leading to its cancellation.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/saarc-summit-collapses-after-india-and-3-other-members-pull-out/story-kIMWfSqirGLzB6MEfuS3CN.html |title=Saarc summit collapses after India and three other members pull out |work=Hindustan Times |date=28 September 2016 |access-date=21 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161028090857/http://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/saarc-summit-collapses-after-india-and-3-other-members-pull-out/story-kIMWfSqirGLzB6MEfuS3CN.html |archive-date=28 October 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1286684 |title=Saarc summit in Pakistan postponed after member states pull out |work=Dawn |date=28 September 2016 |access-date=21 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170201081742/http://www.dawn.com/news/1286684 |archive-date=1 February 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The failure of SAARC can also be attributed to conflicts among some of its members. Pakistan would “indirectly target” India at summits, and “try to get the other members to gang up against Delhi,” a retired Sri Lankan foreign secretary told ''[[The Diplomat (magazine)|The Diplomat]]'' in 2019. India, for its part, continued to emphasize its concerns over terrorism linked to Pakistan, which it regarded as a bilateral matter and therefore not appropriate for discussion in multilateral settings.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=China and Pakistan Mull a Beijing-led Alternative to SAARC |url=https://thediplomat.com/2025/07/china-and-pakistan-mull-a-beijing-led-alternative-to-saarc/ |access-date=2025-07-03 |website=thediplomat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

SAARC has faced persistent challenges related to terrorism, including cross-border militancy and allegations of state-sponsored extremism, over several decades. In this context, terrorism has come to symbolize the organization's stagnation, exacerbating existing divisions among member states. According to global and regional terrorism analysts, terrorism in South Asia manifests in various forms—such as state-supported militancy, extremist groups with alleged state backing, separatist movements, and transnational extremist networks—contributing to broader regional instability. The [[2016 Uri attack]] significantly impacted bilateral diplomatic relations and further hindered regional cooperation efforts within SAARC.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Beyond Terrorism: A Brief History of SAARC's Failures |url=https://thediplomat.com/2025/03/beyond-terrorism-a-brief-history-of-saarcs-failures/ |access-date=2025-07-03 |website=thediplomat.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

Following political changes in Bangladesh, Dr. [[Muhammad Yunus]], who served as the chief adviser to the interim government in Bangladesh, had publicly expressed interest in revitalizing the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) on multiple occasions. However, some policymakers in India viewed Bangladesh's initiative with skepticism. India’s External Affairs Minister, [[S. Jaishankar]], reportedly indicated that Bangladesh was “batting for Pakistan” by attempting to revive SAARC. During a bilateral meeting between Bangladesh’s Foreign Affairs Adviser Towhid Hossain and External Affairs Minister Jaishankar in [[Muscat]], Oman, on 16 February, India issued a strong statement on terrorism. According to the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), Jaishankar urged Bangladesh “to stop batting for Pakistan and normalising terrorism” through efforts to resume SAARC’s activities. MEA spokesperson [[Randhir Jaiswal]], speaking at a press briefing, stated: “Everyone in South Asia is aware of which country and what activities are responsible for stymieing SAARC. EAM conveyed that it is important that Bangladesh should not normalise terrorism.” While Pakistan was not named directly, the remarks were widely interpreted as referring to its alleged role in undermining regional cooperation.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Padmanabhan |first=Keshav |date=2025-02-21 |title='Do not normalise terrorism' by backing Pakistan, Jaishankar told Bangladeshi counterpart last week |url=https://theprint.in/india/do-not-normalise-terrorism-by-backing-pakistan-jaishankar-told-bangladeshi-counterpart-last-week/2505702/ |access-date=2025-07-03 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref>

Dr. [[Minendra Rijal]], former Defence Minister of Nepal, stated that Pakistan’s support for terrorism has contributed to the stagnation of SAARC, obstructed regional economic integration, and resulted in substantial economic losses for Pakistan.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-07-09 |title=LeT-Jaish terrorists from Pakistan may use Nepal as transit to enter India |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/let-jaish-terrorists-from-pakistan-may-use-nepal-as-transit-to-enter-india/articleshow/122347480.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2025-07-11 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-08-08 |title="Terrorism knows no borders": Experts call for joint regional efforts to combat its menace |url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/terrorism-knows-no-borders-experts-call-for-joint-regional-efforts-to-comba-21-76.html |access-date=2025-07-11 |website=myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com |language=en}}</ref>

China too has been trying to undermine the SAARC grouping and has been suggesting alternatives for the same. Analysts in New Delhi have expressed little surprise at the proposed initiative by China and Pakistan for regional cooperation in South Asia. According to a research fellow at the [[Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses]], China has sought to promote alternative regional frameworks since its proposal to join SAARC was rejected in 2005. Over the past two decades, it has launched several mechanisms for regional engagement, including the China-South Asia Cooperation Forum in 2006, the [[Belt and Road Initiative]] (BRI) Trans-Himalayan Connectivity Network in 2018—which includes Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Nepal—and the China-South Asian Countries Poverty Alleviation and Cooperative Development Center in 2021.All South Asian countries, except India and Bhutan, are members of the BRI. As such, the latest proposal for regional cooperation is seen as part of China's continued efforts to build alternatives to SAARC.<ref name=":0" />

SAARC has generally been ineffective at achieving enhanced regionalism.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kelegama |first=Saman |url= |title=The new great game : China and South and Central Asia in the era of reform |date=2016 |publisher=[[Stanford University Press]] |others=Thomas Fingar |isbn=978-0-8047-9764-1 |location=Stanford, California |pages=191 |chapter=China as a Balancer in South Asia |oclc=939553543 |author-link=Saman Kelegama}}</ref>

==South Asian Free Trade Area==
[[File:SAARC.PNG|thumb|right|upright=1.35|Countries under the South Asian Free Trade Area]]{{See also|South Asian Free Trade Area}}
The SAFTA was envisaged primarily as the first step towards the transition to a [[South Asian Free Trade Area|South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA)]] leading subsequently towards a Customs Union, Common Market and the Economic Union. In 1995, Sixteenth session of the Council of Ministers (New Delhi, 18–19 December 1995) agreed on the need to strive for the realization of SAFTA and to this end, an Inter-Governmental Expert Group (IGEG) was set up in 1996 to identify the necessary steps for progressing to a free trade area. The Tenth SAARC Summit ([[Colombo]], 29–31 July 1998) decided to set up a Committee of Experts (COE) to draft a comprehensive treaty framework for creating a free trade area within the region, taking into consideration the asymmetries in development within the region and bearing in mind the need to fix realistic and achievable targets.

The SAFTA Agreement was signed on 6 January 2004 during Twelfth SAARC Summit held in [[Islamabad]], Pakistan.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gtap.agecon.purdue.edu/resources/download/2977.pdf |title=Challenges and opportunities for Pakistan under SAFTA |first1=Asif |last1=Maqbool |first2=Muhammad Waqas Alam |last2=Chattha |first3=Masood |last3=Azeem |access-date=27 January 2022 |archive-date=9 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109165035/https://www.gtap.agecon.purdue.edu/resources/download/2977.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> The Agreement entered into force on 1 January 2006, and the Trade Liberalization Programme commenced from 1 July 2006.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://commerce.gov.in/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/safta.pdf |title=Agreement on South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA) |website=Department of Commerce |access-date=9 January 2022 |archive-date=8 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408062712/https://commerce.gov.in/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/safta.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Under this agreement, SAARC members will bring their duties down to 20 percent by 2009. Following the Agreement coming into force the SAFTA Ministerial Council (SMC) has been established comprising the Commerce Ministers of the Member States.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saarc-sec.org/areaofcooperation/detail.php?activity_id=5 |title=South Asian Association For Regional Cooperation — Area of Cooperation |work=saarc-sec.org |access-date=18 November 2012 |archive-date=8 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408103413/http://www.saarc-sec.org/areaofcooperation/detail.php?activity_id=5 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2012 SAARC exports increased substantially to $354.6 billion from $206.7 billion in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.eximbankindia.in/Assets/Dynamic/PDF/Publication-Resources/ResearchPapers/43file.pdf |title=Potential for Enhancing Intra-SAARC Trade: A Brief Analysis |website=Export-Import Bank of India |access-date=9 January 2022 |archive-date=9 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109165036/https://www.eximbankindia.in/Assets/Dynamic/PDF/Publication-Resources/ResearchPapers/43file.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Imports too increased from $330 billion to $602 billion over the same period. But the intra-SAARC trade amounts to just a little over 1% of SAARC's GDP. In contrast to SAARC, in [[ASEAN]] (which is actually smaller than SAARC in terms of the size of the economy) the intra-bloc trade stands at 10% of its GDP.

The SAFTA was envisaged to gradually move towards the South Asian Economic Union, but the current intra-regional trade and investment relation are not encouraging and it may be difficult to achieve this target. SAARC intra-regional trade stands at just five percent on the share of intra-regional trade in overall trade in South Asia. Similarly, [[foreign direct investment]] is also dismal. The intra-regional FDI flow stands at around four percent of the total foreign investment.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://thehimalayantimes.com/business/safta-meet-likely-next-month/ |title=SAFTA meet likely next month |work=The Himalayan Times |date=25 March 2016 |access-date=22 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202035248/http://thehimalayantimes.com/business/safta-meet-likely-next-month/ |archive-date=2 February 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[Asian Development Bank]] has estimated that inter-regional trade in SAARC region possessed the potential of shooting up agricultural exports by $14 billion per year from existing level of $8 billion to $22 billion. The study by [[Asian Development Bank]] states that against the potential average SAARC intra-regional trade of $22 billion per year, the actual trade in South Asia has been only around $8 billion. The uncaptured potential for intra-regional trade is therefore $14 billion per year, i.e., 68%.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/142861-ADB-urges-Safta-to-exploit-rich-trade-potential-of-member-countries |title=ADB urges Safta to exploit rich trade potential of member countries |work=The News International |access-date=22 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202004901/https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/142861-ADB-urges-Safta-to-exploit-rich-trade-potential-of-member-countries |archive-date=2 February 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/Coming-closer-together-for-trade/article14628676.ece |title=Coming closer together for trade |newspaper=The Hindu |date=8 September 2016 |last1=Ranjan |first1=Prabhash |access-date=22 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161203104015/http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/Coming-closer-together-for-trade/article14628676.ece |archive-date=3 December 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==SAARC Visa Exemption Scheme==
The SAARC Visa Exemption Scheme was launched in 1992. The leaders at the Fourth Summit (Islamabad, 29–31 December 1988), realizing the importance of people-to-people contact among SAARC countries, decided that certain categories of dignitaries should be entitled to a Special Travel document. The document would exempt them from visas within the region. As directed by the Summit, the Council of Ministers regularly kept under review the list of entitled categories.

Currently, the list included 24 categories of entitled persons, which include dignitaries, judges of higher courts, parliamentarians, senior officials, entrepreneurs, journalists, and athletes.

The Visa Stickers are issued by the respective Member States to the entitled categories of that particular country. The validity of the Visa Sticker is generally for one year. The implementation is reviewed regularly by the Immigration Authorities of SAARC Member States.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saarc-sec.org/SAARC-Visa-Exemption-Scheme/100/|title=South Asian Association For Regional Cooperation — SAARC Visa Exemption Scheme|work=saarc-sec.org|access-date=18 November 2012|archive-date=6 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806231500/http://www.saarc-sec.org/SAARC-Visa-Exemption-Scheme/100/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Awards==
===SAARC Award===
The Twelfth (12th) Summit approved the SAARC Award to support individuals and organizations within the region. The main aims of the SAARC Award are:
* To encourage individuals and organizations based in South Asia to undertake programmes and activities that complement the efforts of SAARC.
* To encourage individuals and organizations in South Asia contributing to bettering the conditions of women and children.
* To honour outstanding contributions and achievements of individuals and organizations within the region in the fields of peace, development, poverty alleviation, environmental protection, and regional cooperation.
* To honour any other contributions and achievement not covered above of individuals and organizations in the region.

The SAARC Award consists of a gold medal, a letter of citation, and cash prize of $25,000. Since the institution of the SAARC Award in 2004, it has been awarded only once and the Award was posthumously conferred upon the late President [[Ziaur Rahman]] of Bangladesh.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saarc-sec.org/SAARC-Award/70/|title=South Asian Association For Regional Cooperation — SAARC Award|work=saarc-sec.org|access-date=18 November 2012|archive-date=7 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807065120/http://www.saarc-sec.org/SAARC-Award/70/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===SAARC Literary Award===
[[File:Recipants of SAARC Literary Award 2013.jpg|thumb|right|Recipients of SAARC Literary Award 2013]]

The [[SAARC Literary Award]] is an annual award conferred by the [[Foundation of SAARC Writers and Literature]] ([[FOSWAL]]) since 2001<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.foundationsaarcwriters.com/literature/saarc-literary-awards |title=SAARC Literary Awards |access-date=2 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103223413/http://www.foundationsaarcwriters.com/literature/saarc-literary-awards |archive-date=3 November 2013 |website=Foundation Of SAARC Writers And Literature}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/lifestyle/books/five-writers-honoured-at-saarc-literature-festival/article1-1024426.aspx |title=Five writers honoured at SAARC Literature Festival |work=Hindustan Times |access-date=2 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110215810/http://www.hindustantimes.com/lifestyle/books/five-writers-honoured-at-saarc-literature-festival/article1-1024426.aspx |archive-date=10 November 2013}} Five Writers honoured at SAARC Litearure Festival, Hindustan Times 11 March 2013</ref> which is an apex SAARC body.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saarc-sec.org/Apex-and-Recognised-Bodies/14/ |title=Apex and Recognised Bodies |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530142634/http://saarc-sec.org/Apex-and-Recognised-Bodies/14/ |archive-date=30 May 2013 |website=SAARC}}</ref> Some of the prominent recipients of this award include [[Shamshur Rahman]], [[Mahasweta Devi]], [[Jayanta Mahapatra]], [[Abhi Subedi]], [[Mark Tully]], [[Sitakant Mahapatra]], [[Uday Prakash]], [[Suman Pokhrel]], and [[Abhay K]].<ref>[https://www.oneindia.com/2007/03/30/mahashweta-devi-to-get-saarc-literary-award-1175266266.html Mahasweta Devi to get SAARC Literary Award] Oneindia.in 30 March 2007</ref>

Nepali poet, lyricist, and translator Suman Pokhrel is the only poet/writer to be awarded twice.<ref>Hindustan Times, New Delhi, Saturday, 14 February 2015</ref>

===SAARC Youth Award===
The SAARC Youth Award is awarded to outstanding individuals from the SAARC region. The award is notable because of the recognition it gives to the Award winner in the SAARC region. The award is based on specific themes which apply to each year. The award recognizes and promotes the commitment and talent of the youth who give back to the world at large through various initiatives such as Inventions, Protection of the Environment and Disaster relief. The recipients who receive this award are ones who have dedicated their lives to their individual causes to improve situations in their own countries as well as paving a path for the SAARC region to follow.
The Committee for the SAARC Youth Award selects the best candidate based on his/her merits and their decision is final.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://saarc-sec.org/SAARC-Youth-Award/71/ |title=SAARC Youth Award |access-date=21 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202222019/http://www.saarc-sec.org/SAARC-Youth-Award/71/ |archive-date=2 February 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

Previous Winners:
* 1992: World Population Issue and Welfare - Painting; - Devang Soparkar (India)
* 1997: Outstanding Social Service in Community Welfare – Sukur Salek (Bangladesh)
* 1998: New Inventions and Shanu — Najmul Hasnain Shah (Pakistan)
* 2001: Creative Photography: South Asian Diversity – Mushfiqul Alam (Bangladesh)
* 2002: Outstanding contribution to protect the Environment – Masil Khan (Pakistan)
* 2003: Invention in the Field of Traditional Medicine – Hassan Sher (Pakistan)
* 2004: Outstanding contribution to raising awareness of TB and/or HIV/AIDS – Ajij Prasad Poudyal (Nepal)
* 2006: Promotion of Tourism in South Asia – Syed Zafar Abbas Naqvi (Pakistan)
* 2008: Protecting the Environment in South Asia – Deepani Jayantha (Sri Lanka)
* 2009: Outstanding contribution to humanitarian works in the aftermath of Natural Disasters – Ravikant Singh (India)
* 2010: Outstanding contribution for the Protection of Environment and mitigation of Climate Change – [[Anoka Primrose Abeyrathne]] (Sri Lanka)
* 2011: Youth leadership in the fight against social ills - Mr. Mohamed Faseen Rafiu (The Maldives)<ref>{{Cite web |title=SAARC Youth Awards |url=https://www.saarc-sec.org/index.php/resources/announcement/saarc-youth-awards |access-date=26 February 2022 |website=saarc-sec.org |date=3 September 2020 |language=en-gb |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019063411/https://www.saarc-sec.org/index.php/resources/announcement/saarc-youth-awards |archive-date=19 October 2021}}</ref>

==Secretaries-General of SAARC==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+[[Secretary General of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation]]
|-
!scope=col| #
!scope=col| Name
!scope=col| Country
!scope=col| Took office
!scope=col| Left office
|-
| 1
!scope=row | [[Abul Ahsan]]
| [[Bangladesh]] || 16 January 1985 || 15 October 1989
|-
| 2
!scope=row | [[Kant Kishore Bhargava]]
| [[India]] || 17 October 1989 || 31 December 1991
|-
| 3
!scope=row | [[Ibrahim Hussain Zaki]]
| [[Maldives]] || 1 January 1992 || 31 December 1993
|-
| 4
!scope=row | [[Yadav Kant Silwal]]
| [[Nepal]] || 1 January 1994 || 31 December 1995
|-
| 5
!scope=row | [[Naeem U. Hasan]]
| [[Pakistan]] || 1 January 1996 || 31 December 1998
|-
| 6
!scope=row | [[Nihal Rodrigo]]
| [[Sri Lanka]] || 1 January 1999 || 10 January 2002
|-
| 7
!scope=row | [[Q. A. M. A. Rahim]]
| Bangladesh || 11 January 2002 || 28 February 2005
|-
| 8
!scope=row | [[Chenkyab Dorji]]
| [[Bhutan]] || 1 March 2005 || 29 February 2008
|-
| 9
!scope=row | [[Sheel Kant Sharma]]
| India || 1 March 2008 || 28 February 2011
|-
| 10
!scope=row | [[Fathimath Dhiyana Saeed]]
| Maldives || 1 March 2011 || 11 March 2012
|-
| 11
!scope=row | [[Ahmed Saleem (diplomat)|Ahmed Saleem]]
| Maldives || 12 March 2012 || 28 February 2014
|-
| 12
!scope=row | [[Arjun Bahadur Thapa]]
| Nepal || 1 March 2014 || 28 February 2017
|-
| 13
!scope=row | [[Amjad Hussain B. Sial]]
| Pakistan || 1 March 2017 || 29 February 2020
|-
| 14
!scope=row | [[Esala Ruwan Weerakoon]]
| Sri Lanka || 1 March 2020 || 3 March 2023
|-
| 15
!scope=row | [[Md. Golam Sarwar|Golam Sarwar]]
| Bangladesh || 4 March 2023 || ''Incumbent''
|}

==SAARC summits==
{{Main|List of SAARC summits}}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! No !! Date !! Country !! Host !! Host leader
|-
|1st|| 7–8 December 1985 || [[Bangladesh]] || [[Dhaka]] || [[Ataur Rahman Khan]]
|-
|2nd|| 16–17 November 1986 || [[India]] || [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]] || [[Rajiv Gandhi]]
|-
|3rd|| 2–4 November 1987 || [[Nepal]] || [[Kathmandu]] || [[Birendra of Nepal|King Birendra Bir Bikram Shah]]
|-
|4th|| 29–31 December 1988 || [[Pakistan]] || [[Islamabad]] || [[Benazir Bhutto]]
|-
|5th|| 21–23 November 1990 || [[Maldives]] || [[Malé]] || [[Maumoon Abdul Gayoom]]
|-
|6th|| 21 December 1991 || [[Sri Lanka]] || [[Colombo]] || [[Ranasinghe Premadasa]]
|-
|7th|| 10–11 April 1993 || Bangladesh || Dhaka || [[Khaleda Zia]]
|-
|8th|| 2–4 May 1995 || India || [[New Delhi]] || [[P V Narasimha Rao]]
|-
|9th|| 12–14 May 1997 || Maldives || Malé || Maumoon Abdul Gayoom
|-
|10th|| 29–31 July 1998 || Sri Lanka || Colombo || [[Chandrika Kumaratunga]]
|-
|11th|| 4–6 January 2002 || Nepal || Kathmandu || [[Sher Bahadur Deuba]]
|-
|12th|| 2–6 January 2004 || Pakistan || Islamabad || [[Zafarullah Khan Jamali]]
|-
|13th|| 12–13 November 2005 || Bangladesh || Dhaka || Khaleda Zia
|-
|14th|| 3–4 April 2007 || India || New Delhi || [[Manmohan Singh]]
|-
|15th|| 1–3 August 2008 || Sri Lanka || Colombo || [[Mahinda Rajapaksa]]
|-
|16th|| 28–29 April 2010 || [[Bhutan]] || [[Thimphu]] || [[Jigme Thinley]]
|-
|[[17th SAARC summit|17th]]|| 10–11 November 2011 || Maldives || [[Addu City|Addu]] || [[Mohammed Nasheed]]
|-
|[[18th SAARC summit|18th]]|| 26–27 November 2014<ref name="18summit">{{cite news |url=http://www.saarc-sec.org/press-releases/18th-SAARC-Summit-Declaration/121/ |title=Press Releases, 18th SAARC Summit Declaration, 27 November 2014 |agency=SAARC |access-date=2 December 2015 |archive-date=8 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208082130/http://www.saarc-sec.org/press-releases/18th-SAARC-Summit-Declaration/121/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> || Nepal || Kathmandu || [[Sushil Koirala]]
|-
|[[19th SAARC summit|19th]]|| 15–16 November 2016 || Pakistan || Islamabad || Cancelled
|}

==Current leaders of SAARC==
Leaders are either [[head of state|heads of state]] or [[head of government|heads of government]], depending on which is constitutionally the [[Chief executive (gubernatorial)|chief executive]] of the nation's government.

{{gallery|align=center|whitebg=no|width=150|height=200|noborder=yes|File:Hibatullah Akhundzada OCS wordmark.png|{{flag|Afghanistan|2013}} '''[[Hibatullah Akhundzada]]''' [[Supreme Leader of Afghanistan]] {{resize|(''[[Recognition of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan|de facto]]'')}}
|File:Tarique Rahman at meeting on Farmer cards, Cabinet Division, Secretariat, Dhaka, 2026-02-23 (cropped).jpg|{{flag|Bangladesh|name=People's Republic of Bangladesh}} '''[[Tarique Rahman]]''' [[Prime Minister of Bangladesh]]
|File:Tshering Tobgay.jpg|{{flag|Bhutan|name=Kingdom of Bhutan}} '''[[Tshering Tobgay]]''' [[List of prime ministers of Bhutan|Prime Minister of Bhutan]]
|File:The official portrait of Shri Narendra Modi, the Prime Minister of the Republic of India.jpg|{{flag|Republic of India}} '''[[Narendra Modi]]''' [[Prime Minister of India]]
|File:President Mohamed Muizzu.jpg|{{flag|Maldives|name=Republic of Maldives}} '''[[Mohamed Muizzu]]''' [[President of the Maldives]]
|File:Balen Shah1 (cropped).jpg|{{flag|Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal}} '''[[Balen Shah|Balendra Shah]]''' [[Prime Minister of Nepal]]
|File:Shehbaz Sharif - 2025 (cropped).jpg|{{flag|Islamic Republic of Pakistan}} '''[[Shehbaz Sharif]]''' [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]]
|File:Anura Kumara Dissanayake in 2025.jpg|{{flag|Sri Lanka|name=Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka}} '''[[Anura Kumara Dissanayake]]''' [[President of Sri Lanka]]
}}

===Current leaders===
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!Country
!Chief executive
!Incumbent
|-
| [[Afghanistan]]
| [[Supreme Leader of Afghanistan|Supreme Leader]] (''[[Recognition of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan|de facto]]'')
| [[Hibatullah Akhundzada]]
|-
| [[Bangladesh]]
| [[Prime Minister of Bangladesh|Prime Minister]]
| [[Tarique Rahman]]
|-
| [[Bhutan]]
| [[List of prime ministers of Bhutan|Prime Minister]]
| [[Tshering Tobgay]]
|-
| [[India]]
| [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]
| [[Narendra Modi]]
|-
| [[Maldives]]
| [[President of the Maldives|President]]
| [[Mohamed Muizzu]]
|-
| [[Nepal]]
| [[Prime Minister of Nepal|Prime Minister]]
| [[Balen Shah|Balendra Shah]]
|-
| [[Pakistan]]
| [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Minister]]
| [[Shehbaz Sharif]]
|-
| [[Sri Lanka]]
| [[President of Sri Lanka|President]]
| [[Anura Kumara Dissanayake]]
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|Afghanistan|Bangladesh|India|Nepal|Pakistan|Sri Lanka}}
* [[ASEAN]] and [[India–Myanmar barrier#Look-East connectivity|India's Look-East connectivity projects]]
* [[Asia Cooperation Dialogue]]
* [[SAARC Chamber of Commerce and Industry]]
* [[BBIN|Bangladesh Bhutan India Nepal Initiative]]
* [[BIMSTEC]]
* [[Indian-Ocean Rim Association]]
* [[International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons|ICAN]]
* [[List of SAARC summits]]
* [[Mekong–Ganga Cooperation]]
* [[SAARC satellite]]
* [[South Asian University]]
* [[South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation]]
* [[Shanghai Cooperation Organisation]]
* [[Economic Cooperation Organization]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Official website}}

{{SAARC countries}}
{{Navboxes
|list =
{{Current SAARC Leaders}}
{{SAARC Secretaries-General}}
{{South-South}}
{{Asia topics}}
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{{Regional organizations}}
{{Cold War}}
{{SAARC Literary Award}}
}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:South Asian Association For Regional Cooperation}}
[[Category:South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation| ]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Afghanistan]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Bhutan]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of India]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of the Maldives]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Nepal]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of Sri Lanka]]
[[Category:Intergovernmental organizations established by treaty]]
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[[Category:International organizations based in Asia]]
[[Category:International organisations based in Nepal]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1985]]
[[Category:United Nations General Assembly observers]]

Rekapalle Estate

2026-03-26T07:56:51Z

Garrisonroofing: Made a entry from scratch - done

{{short description|Indian administrative division}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}

'''Rekapalle''' Estate is a [[taluk]] of [[Bhadrachalam]], India. Rekapalle Estate is around {{Convert|200|sqmi|km2}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.83807/page/n1601|title=Surreddi Venkata Ramachanraiah, Proprietor of Rekapalle}}</ref>

== History ==
Palvancha Estate was originally obtained in 1324.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/godavari01madr/page/174| title= Possession of Palvancha Estate}}</ref> Originally, Bhadrachalam [[Zamindar]] possessed half of the proprietary rights on the estate. Rekapalle taluk was one of them and was first leased out in 1574 to a family in Korukonda and was termed as Taluqdar of Rekapalle. He was murdered by his Diwans in 1814 when Sri Rajah Sureddy Venkayya was divided from the main estate. This was transferred to Central Provinces in 1860,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/godavari01madr/page/258| title= Possession of Rekapalle Estate}}</ref> which was included to Godavery district in 1860, formerly in the [[Nizam]] Dominions.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/godavari01madr/page/262|title=Rekapalle Estate description}}</ref>{{Citation needed|reason=Cited source mentions Rekapelle but supports neither the date (1860) nor the specific claim|date=July 2019}} Rekapalle Estate included Rekapalle Taluk, Marrigudem and Nandigama, of which Nandigama is a considerable estate.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/godavari01madr/page/264| title= Sri Rajah Sureddy Venkata Ramachandrarao Garu}}</ref>

Rekapalle Estate was part of [[Palvancha]] estate of Aswa Raos, after Bhadrachalam and Rekapalle were transferred from [[Nizam of Hyderabad|Nizam]] dominions to Central Provinces. Bharachalam [[Zamindar]]s were called superior proprietors, while Rekapalle Zamindars were called Inferior Proprietors.

== Rebellion ==
Few rebellions took place there and the Rekapalle Zamindar donated {{Indian Rupee}}800 to Sri Ramagiri Devasthanam.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/godavari01madr/page/264| title= Donation to Sri Ramagiri Devasthanam}}</ref>

== Relations ==
[[File:Farmana Presented by Nizam Nawab to Sri Rajah Surreddy Family.jpg|thumb|316x316px|Farmana resented by Nizam Nawab to Rajah Surreddy family]]
Sri Rajah Surireddy Venkata Ramachandrayya garu, gave his daughter in marriage to Sri Rajah Yenumula Ramanna Dora Garu. Sri Rajah Sureddy Varaha Lakshmi Narasimha Murthy Dora married the daughter of Sri Rajah Bommadevara Basyakarulu, Raja of Pangidigudem. Sri Rajah Sureddy Basyakarulu married the daughter of [[Mansabdar]], Sri Rajah Yenumula Dora, These Yenumula families have relations with Allam Mokhasadars family and Vogeti Family. Rekapalle Zamindar sold a part of their Zamindari in which Nandigama [[Zamindar]]i was bought by Muttangi Buchiramayya, who gave part of it to Zamindar Vogeti Seshagiri Rao (Gannavaram Estate), the son of [[Vogeti Ramakrishnayya|Raja Vogeti Ramakrishnayya]] and had good relations with them. They belong to [[Kapu (caste)|Ontari]] caste. The clan has three heirs: Sri Rajah Sureddy Bhaskar, Sri Rajah Sureddy Jagapathi and Sri Rajah Sureddy Sai.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NwYBnQBJ2aUC&dq=totapalli+rekapalli&pg=PR35| title= Totapalli Yenumula family and Rekapalli Sureddy family| last1= MacLean| first1= Charles Donald| year= 1879}}</ref>

== Rajas of Rekapalle ==

* Sri Rajah Surireddi Venkayya Dora
* Sri Rajah Surireddi Venkata Ramachandrayya Dora
* Sri Rajah Surireddi Varaha Lakshmi Narasimha Murthy Dora
* Sri Rajah Surireddi Basyakarlu Dora
* Sri Rajah Surireddi Venkata Ramachandrayya Dora

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Bhadradri Kothagudem district]]
[[Category:Zamindari estates]]

{{Telangana-geo-stub}}

Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar

2026-03-26T03:50:37Z

Garrisonroofing: refined details for clarity and added references

{{short description|2023 Hindi-language romantic comedy}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar
| image = Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar Title Card.jpeg
| alt =
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Luv Ranjan]]
| producer = {{plainlist|
*Luv Ranjan
*[[Ankur Garg]]
}}
| writer = Luv Ranjan
| story = Luv Ranjan
| starring = {{plainlist|
*[[Ranbir Kapoor]]
*[[Shraddha Kapoor]]
}}
| music = '''Songs:''' [[Pritam]] '''Score:''' [[Hitesh Sonik]]
| cinematography = [[Santhana Krishnan Ravichandran]]
| editing = [[Akiv Ali]] Chetan M. Solanki
| studio = {{ubl|[[Luv Films]]|[[T-Series (company)|T-Series Films]]}}
| distributor = [[Yash Raj Films]]
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2023|03|08}}
| runtime = 164 minutes<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar|url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0xmdewodcx|access-date=3 March 2022|website=[[British Board of Film Classification]]|archive-date=3 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230303030833/https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0xmdewodcx|url-status=live}}</ref>
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget = {{estimation}} {{INR|165 crore}}<ref name="HT-06Apr23"/> – {{INR|200 crore}}<ref name="BoxOfficeIndia-12Mar23">{{cite web|title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar First Saturday Business|url=https://boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=7627|website=Box Office India |date=12 March 2023}}</ref>
| gross = {{INR|220.10 crore}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar box office collection |work=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=8 March 2023 |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar/box-office/ |access-date=9 March 2023 |language=en |archive-date=9 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230309060550/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar/box-office/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
'''''Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar''''' ({{Translation|''You're a liar, I'm a con''}}), abbreviated as '''''TJMM''''', is a 2023 Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[romantic comedy|romantic comedy film]] directed by [[Luv Ranjan]], and produced by [[Luv Films]] and [[T-Series (company)|T-Series Films]]. The film stars [[Ranbir Kapoor]] and [[Shraddha Kapoor]] in the lead roles, alongside [[Dimple Kapadia]], [[Boney Kapoor]] and [[Anubhav Singh Bassi]] in supporting roles. It marks the return of Shraddha Kapoor, after a three-year hiatus, and the acting debuts of Boney Kapoor and Anubhav Singh Bassi. [[Kartik Aaryan]] and [[Nushrratt Bharuccha]] appear in cameo appearances.

The film was announced in December 2019. Initially scheduled to begin production in 2020, the filming was delayed due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]]. [[Principal photography]] began in January 2021 and [[Wrap (filmmaking)|wrapped up]] in August 2022. The film was shot in [[Mumbai]] and [[Spain]] for 180 days. The [[soundtrack album]] was composed by [[Pritam]], with lyrics by [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]] and musical score by [[Hitesh Sonik]], while the cinematography and editing were handled by [[Santhana Krishnan Ravichandran]] and [[Akiv Ali]].

''Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar'' was released in cinemas on 8 March 2023, coinciding with [[Holi]]. The film received mixed-to-positive reviews from critics and grossed {{INRConvert|220.10|c}} worldwide against the budget of between {{INRConvert|165|c|year=2023}}<ref name="HT-06Apr23"/> and over {{INRConvert|200|c|year=2023}};<ref name="BoxOfficeIndia-12Mar23"/> it is the [[List of Hindi films of 2023#Box office collection|eleventh highest-grossing Hindi film of 2023]]. At the [[69th Filmfare Awards]], Pritam was nominated for [[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director|Best Music Director]] for [[Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar (soundtrack)|the film's soundtrack]].

== Plot ==
Rohan "Mickey" Arora is the son of Ramesh Arora, a rich [[Punjabis|Punjabi]] [[business magnate]], and lives with his family in [[New Delhi]]. Mickey and his best friend Manu Dabbas secretly work as [[break-up]] consultants, helping people break-up with their respective partners. Mickey and Manu travel to [[Spain]] for Manu's [[bachelor party]], where they are accompanied by Manu's fiancée Kinchi and her best friend Nisha "Tinni" Malhotra. Mickey and Tinni hook up and eventually fall in love.

Upon returning, Manu and Kinchi get married, while Mickey and Tinni introduce each other to their respective families. The families accept their relationship and start preparations for their wedding. However, Tinni feels she is not ready for the marriage and decides to break-up with Mickey. Tinni contacts the break-up consultant on phone, not knowing that it is Mickey, and asks for help in breaking up with him. Unaware that he is speaking with Tinni, Mickey agrees to help her.

Mickey suggests that Tinni and her partner match each other's [[horoscope]]s and if they do not align, then the marriage can be called off. However, their horoscopes align perfectly. Mickey soon finds out that the client is none other than Tinni and gets heartbroken as she did not discuss her concerns with him and try to sort out the misunderstandings. Mickey decides to play along and beat Tinni at her own game. Mickey suggests Tinni to do a "jealousy test", which can lead to their break-up.

Tinni hires a guy to act as her old friend and dances seductively with him in front of Mickey, but Mickey remains unaffected. Mickey suggests to do a "loyalty test" and Tinni hires a girl to seduce Mickey and if he cheats on her, then she could easily break-up with him, but Mickey does not give in and acts as a loyal partner. Mickey, posing as the break-up consultant on phone, asks Tinni about the reason for breaking up with him. Tinni reveals that she does not want to [[Hindu joint family|live with his family]] after the marriage and wants to live independently so that they can have their own personal space. Knowing that Mickey loves his family dearly and not wanting to make him choose between her and his family, she wants to break-up with him.

Mickey does not want to leave his family for her and decides to go ahead with breaking off the marriage. Mickey suggests to Tinni to say that she has received a job offer in [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]] and that she would permanently move there after the marriage. Going by the plan, Tinni tells this to Mickey and he angrily lashes out at her, saying that she should have discussed it with him beforehand as this is not acceptable to him. Their marriage is broken off and they part ways.

Sometime later, Mickey and Tinni meet again at Kinchi's [[baby shower]]. Tinni's foot is injured while dancing at the function and Mickey, along with his family, take care for her, which makes Tinni realise the value of living together as a family. Mickey's niece Chhoti, while talking to Tinni, blurts out a unique phrase that she heard from Mickey that causes Tinni to realise that the break-up consultant was Mickey.

Tinni confronts Mickey about it and says that she is disappointed as even after knowing the truth, Mickey did not try to sort out the matter with her and that she still loves him. Tinni says that she would be permanently leaving for [[London]] and heads to the [[airport]]. Mickey's family advises him not to leave her by compromising his love for them. Along with his whole family, Mickey rushes to the airport to stop Tinni and reach her just as she is about to board the flight. Mickey and Tinni propose to each other, where they get married and live happily together as a family.

== Cast ==
{{cast listing|
* [[Ranbir Kapoor]] as Rohan "Mickey" Arora
* [[Shraddha Kapoor]] as Nisha "Tinni" Malhotra<ref>{{Cite news |title=Shraddha Kapoor on pandemic's impact on career: I am in no place to complaint |first1=Juhi |last1=Chakraborty |date= 9 March 2022 |newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]] |url= https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/shraddha-kapoor-on-pandemic-s-impact-on-career-i-am-in-no-place-to-complaint-101646768052675.html|access-date= 9 March 2023 |archive-date= 9 March 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230309004548/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/shraddha-kapoor-on-pandemic-s-impact-on-career-i-am-in-no-place-to-complaint-101646768052675.html|url-status= live}}</ref>
* [[Dimple Kapadia]] as Renu Arora, Mickey's mother
* [[Anubhav Singh Bassi]] as Manu Dabas, Mickey's best friend
* [[Boney Kapoor]] as Ramesh Arora, Mickey's father
* [[Hasleen Kaur]] as Minny, Mickey's sister
* Amber Rana as Ashish, Mickey's brother-in-law
* [[Monica Chaudhary]] as Kinchi Dabas, Manu's wife
* Inayat Verma as Sweetu, Mickey's niece
* Jatinder Kaur as Mrs. Arora, Mickey's grandmother
* [[Rajesh Jais]] as Mr. Malhotra, Tinni's father
* [[Ayesha Raza Mishra]] as Mrs. Malhotra, Tinni's mother
* Dhruv Tyagi as Kunal Varma
* Teena Singh as Jyoti Sharma
* [[Kartik Aaryan]] as Rahul (cameo appearance)
* [[Nushrratt Bharuccha]] as Anya (cameo appearance)
}}

== Production ==

=== Development ===
In 2018, it was announced that [[Luv Ranjan]] would be directing a new action film starring [[Ajay Devgn]] and [[Ranbir Kapoor]] in lead roles. However, the project was later shelved owing to a lack of dates from Devgn. Ranjan then narrated the story of ''Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar'' to Kapoor.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Luv Ranjan opens up on Ajay Devgn and Ranbir Kapoor's film being shelved, wishes to revive it |date=7 March 2023 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/luv-ranjan-opens-up-on-ajay-devgn-and-ranbir-kapoors-film-being-shelved-wishes-to-revive-it-2343630-2023-03-07}}</ref>

The film was officially announced as an untitled romantic comedy on 20 December 2019. The first release date of the film was set to be on 26 March 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 December 2019 |title=BREAKING! Ranbir Kapoor and Shraddhaa Kapoor to star in Luv Ranjan's untitled next, to release on March 26, 2021 : Bollywood News |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/breaking-ranbir-kapoor-and-shraddha-kapoor-to-star-in-luv-ranjans-untitled-next-to-release-on-march-26-2021/ |access-date=2 January 2023 |website=Bollywood Hungama |archive-date=2 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102073038/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/breaking-ranbir-kapoor-and-shraddha-kapoor-to-star-in-luv-ranjans-untitled-next-to-release-on-march-26-2021/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], the release date was shifted to 18 March 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 February 2021 |title=Ranbir Kapoor and Shraddha Kapoors untitled next with Luv Ranjan to release on March 18, 2022 : Bollywood News |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/ranbir-kapoor-and-shraddha-kapoors-untitled-next-with-luv-ranjan-to-release-on-march-18-2022/ |access-date=2 January 2023 |website=Bollywood Hungama |archive-date=2 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230102063653/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/ranbir-kapoor-and-shraddha-kapoors-untitled-next-with-luv-ranjan-to-release-on-march-18-2022/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Yet again, due to the delay in filming, the release date was shifted to 26 January 2023, thus coinciding with the [[Indian Republic Day]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 November 2021 |title=Luv Ranjan's next starring Ranbir Kapoor and Shraddha Kapoor set for Republic Day 2023 release, to clash with Hrithik Roshan-Deepika Padukone's Fighter : Bollywood News – Bollywood Hungama |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/luv-ranjans-next-starring-ranbir-kapoor-and-shraddha-kapoor-set-for-republic-day-2023-release-to-clash-with-hrithik-roshan-deepika-padukones-fighter/ |access-date=11 January 2023 |language=en |archive-date=11 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111140923/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/luv-ranjans-next-starring-ranbir-kapoor-and-shraddha-kapoor-set-for-republic-day-2023-release-to-clash-with-hrithik-roshan-deepika-padukones-fighter/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The final release date was then decided to be 8 March 2023, concurring with the festival of [[Holi]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 March 2022 |title=Luv Ranjan's untitled next starring Ranbir Kapoor, Shraddha Kapoor to release March 8, 2023 : Bollywood News – Bollywood Hungama |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/luv-ranjans-untitled-next-starring-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-release-march-8-2023/ |access-date=11 January 2023 |language=en |archive-date=7 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307010535/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/luv-ranjans-untitled-next-starring-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-release-march-8-2023/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Casting ===
[[Ranbir Kapoor]] and [[Shraddha Kapoor]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/ranbir-kapoor-says-luv-ranjan-film-will-be-his-last-rom-com-i-m-getting-older-101670499033544-amp.html |title=Ranbir Kapoor says upcoming Luv Ranjan film will be his last romantic comedy: 'I'm getting older' |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=8 December 2022|access-date=9 December 2022 |archive-date=9 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209124344/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/ranbir-kapoor-says-luv-ranjan-film-will-be-his-last-rom-com-i-m-getting-older-101670499033544-amp.html |url-status=live }}</ref> were cast as the leads, marking their first project together.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/a-pic-of-shraddha-kapoor-on-the-set-of-luv-ranjans-film-is-crazy-viral-see-inside-3132813 |title=A pic of Shraddha Kapoor on the set of Luv Ranjan's film is crazy viral. See Inside |work=NDTV India |access-date=10 December 2022 |archive-date=24 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324225428/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/a-pic-of-shraddha-kapoor-on-the-set-of-luv-ranjans-film-is-crazy-viral-see-inside-3132813 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Dimple Kapadia]] and producer [[Boney Kapoor]] (in his acting debut) were cast as Ranbir's parents.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/exclusive-dimple-kapadia-and-boney-kapoor-play-ranbir-kapoors-parents-in-luv-ranjans-romcom/articleshow/80199334.cms |title=Dimple Kapadia and Boney Kapoor play Ranbir Kapoor's parents in Luv Ranjan's romcom |work=The Times of India |access-date=14 December 2022 |archive-date=14 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221214143119/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/exclusive-dimple-kapadia-and-boney-kapoor-play-ranbir-kapoors-parents-in-luv-ranjans-romcom/articleshow/80199334.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Boney Kapoor on his acting debut: When Luv Ranjan offered me film, I was reluctant to do it |work=India Today |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/boney-kapoor-on-his-acting-debut-when-luv-ranjan-offered-me-film-i-was-reluctant-to-do-it-2291132-2022-10-30 |access-date=14 December 2022 |archive-date=14 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221214141945/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/boney-kapoor-on-his-acting-debut-when-luv-ranjan-offered-me-film-i-was-reluctant-to-do-it-2291132-2022-10-30 |url-status=live }}</ref> It also marked the acting debut of stand-up comedian [[Anubhav Singh Bassi]] and the Hindi film debut of actress [[Monica Chaudhary]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 January 2023 |title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar Actress Monica Chaudhary Opens up on her Bollywood Debut, Working With Shraddha Kapoor & More! |url=https://zeenews.india.com/bollywood/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-actress-monica-chaudhary-opens-up-on-her-bollywood-debut-working-with-shraddha-kapoor-more-2567364.html |access-date=31 January 2023 |website=Zee News |archive-date=31 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131071155/https://zeenews.india.com/bollywood/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-actress-monica-chaudhary-opens-up-on-her-bollywood-debut-working-with-shraddha-kapoor-more-2567364.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=21 January 2023 |title=Anubhav Singh Bassi To Make Film Debut With 'Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar' |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/art-entertainment/anubhav-singh-bassi-to-make-film-debut-with-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar--news-255576 |access-date=31 January 2023 |work=Outlook |archive-date=23 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230123112941/https://www.outlookindia.com/art-entertainment/anubhav-singh-bassi-to-make-film-debut-with-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar--news-255576 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Hasleen Kaur]] confirmed her presence in the film in January 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |date=7 January 2023 |title=Cop-y that!: Netflix's new crime thriller Cat |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/2023/jan/07/cop-y-thatnetflixs-new-crime-thriller-cat-2535579.html |access-date=31 January 2023 |work=The New Indian Express |archive-date=31 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230131094509/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/2023/jan/07/cop-y-thatnetflixs-new-crime-thriller-cat-2535579.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Filming ===
Filming began on 8 January 2021 in [[Ghaziabad]] with Ranbir and Shraddha.<ref name="Pinkvilla-2022">{{cite news |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/pritam-board-ranbir-kapoor-and-shraddha-kapoors-next-luv-ranjan-789780 |title=Pritam on board for Ranbir Kapoor and Shraddha Kapoor's next with Luv Ranjan |work=Pinkvilla |date=26 June 2022 |access-date=14 December 2022 |archive-date=14 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221214144735/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/pritam-board-ranbir-kapoor-and-shraddha-kapoors-next-luv-ranjan-789780 |url-status=live }}</ref> In July 2021, the second schedule of the film commenced in Delhi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 July 2021 |title=Ranbir Kapoor and Shraddha Kapoor resume Luv Ranjan's next shoot in Delhi; to head to Spain in September : Bollywood News – Bollywood Hungama |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-resume-luv-ranjans-next-shoot-delhi-head-spain-september/ |access-date=24 December 2022 |language=en |archive-date=24 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221224063848/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-resume-luv-ranjans-next-shoot-delhi-head-spain-september/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The third schedule began in August 2021 in Mumbai, followed by another schedule in November 2021 in Delhi. The next schedule again took place in Mumbai in March 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 March 2022 |title=Shraddha Kapoor to kick start the next schedule of Luv Ranjan's next in Mumbai; Details inside : Bollywood News – Bollywood Hungama |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/shraddha-kapoor-kick-start-next-schedule-luv-ranjans-next-mumbai-details-inside/ |access-date=24 December 2022 |language=en |archive-date=24 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221224064436/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/shraddha-kapoor-kick-start-next-schedule-luv-ranjans-next-mumbai-details-inside/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The next schedule took place in Spain and Mauritius in June 2022.

In July 2022, a song featuring Shraddha Kapoor and Ranbir Kapoor was to be shot,<ref>{{Cite news |title=Ranbir Kapoor and Shraddha Kapoor to shoot special song for Luv Ranjan's film after 'Shamshera' release – Exclusive – Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/ranbir-kapoor-and-shraddha-kapoor-to-shoot-special-song-for-luv-ranjans-film-after-shamshera-release-exclusive/articleshow/93032410.cms |access-date=24 December 2022 |website=The Times of India |language=en |archive-date=24 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221224065855/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/ranbir-kapoor-and-shraddha-kapoor-to-shoot-special-song-for-luv-ranjans-film-after-shamshera-release-exclusive/articleshow/93032410.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> but production was stalled when a fire broke out at the film's set in Chitrakoot Grounds, [[Andheri]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/ranbir-kapoors-luv-ranjan-set-catches-fire-sunny-deols-son-rajveer-was-shooting-on-adjacent-set/articleshow/93212634.cms |title=Ranbir Kapoor's Luv Ranjan set catches fire |work=The Times of India |date=29 July 2022 |access-date=14 December 2022 |archive-date=14 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221214094914/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/ranbir-kapoors-luv-ranjan-set-catches-fire-sunny-deols-son-rajveer-was-shooting-on-adjacent-set/articleshow/93212634.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> It led to the death of a crew member named Manish Devashi, while another man from the lighting department was injured.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/bollywood/one-dead-in-fire-on-sets-of-luv-ranjan-film-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor |title=One Dead in Fire on Sets of Luv Ranjan's Next, Starring Ranbir, Shraddha |website=The Quint |date=31 July 2022 |access-date=14 December 2022 |archive-date=14 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221214095055/https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/bollywood/one-dead-in-fire-on-sets-of-luv-ranjan-film-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor |url-status=live }}</ref> The song was shot after a few days. The film was wrapped up in August 2022.<ref>{{Cite news |title=After the fire incident, Ranbir Kapoor and Shraddha Kapoor to resume shooting for Luv Ranjan's film in Film City – Exclusive – Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/after-the-fire-incident-ranbir-kapoor-and-shraddha-kapoor-to-resume-shooting-for-luv-ranjans-film-in-film-city-exclusive/articleshow/93495356.cms |access-date=24 December 2022 |website=The Times of India |language=en |archive-date=24 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221224070544/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/after-the-fire-incident-ranbir-kapoor-and-shraddha-kapoor-to-resume-shooting-for-luv-ranjans-film-in-film-city-exclusive/articleshow/93495356.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Marketing ==
''Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar''{{'}}s title was released with an announcement video along with the first poster on 14 December 2022.<ref>{{cite news |title=Exclusive! Shraddha Kapoor unveils 'Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar' first poster |work=The Print |url=https://theprint.in/features/shraddha-kapoor-unveils-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-first-poster/1265642/?amp |access-date=14 December 2022 |archive-date=14 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221214172318/https://theprint.in/features/shraddha-kapoor-unveils-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-first-poster/1265642/?amp |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 December 2022 |title=Ranbir Kapoor and Shraddha Kapoor look adorable in this teaser of the Luv Ranjan directorial Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar : Bollywood News – Bollywood Hungama |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-look-adorable-teaser-luv-ranjan-directorial-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar/ |access-date=13 February 2023 |language=en |archive-date=13 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213083606/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-look-adorable-teaser-luv-ranjan-directorial-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The official trailer was released on 23 January 2023 in an event held in Mumbai.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2023 |title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar Trailer Launch: Shraddha Kapoor calls Ranbir Kapoor 'fabulous'; Ranbir terms Shraddha commercial box office superstar : Bollywood News – Bollywood Hungama |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-trailer-launch-shraddha-kapoor-calls-ranbir-kapoor-fabulous-ranbir-terms-sharaddha-commercial-box-office-superstar/ |access-date=13 February 2023 |language=en |archive-date=13 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230213094548/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-trailer-launch-shraddha-kapoor-calls-ranbir-kapoor-fabulous-ranbir-terms-sharaddha-commercial-box-office-superstar/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Following the theme of the film, the two leads did not promote the film together.<ref>{{Cite web| date=4 March 2023| last=XO| first=Pop| website=[[Pop XO]]| title=Here's Why Ranbir & Shraddha Are Not Promoting Their Movie Together| url=https://www.popxo.com/article/ranbir-shraddha-not-promoting-their-movie-together/| access-date=9 March 2023| archive-date=9 March 2023| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230309225134/https://www.popxo.com/article/ranbir-shraddha-not-promoting-their-movie-together/| url-status=live}}</ref> The film had a special screening on 7 March 2023, a day before release.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 March 2023 |title=TJMM Screening: Ranbir Kapoor, Shraddha Kapoor, Rajkummar, Rakulpreet and more arrive in style; See PICS |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/tjmm-screening-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-rajkummar-rakulpreet-and-more-arrive-in-style-see-pics-1211747 |access-date=8 March 2023 |website=PINKVILLA |language=en |archive-date=7 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230307203719/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/tjmm-screening-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-rajkummar-rakulpreet-and-more-arrive-in-style-see-pics-1211747 |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
{{Main|Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar (soundtrack)}}
The music of the film is composed by [[Pritam]] with lyrics written by [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]].<ref name="Pinkvilla-2022" /> The album features six songs: "Tere Pyaar Mein",<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/tere-pyaar-mein-ranbir-kapoor-and-shraddha-kapoor-can-t-stop-kissing-each-other-in-new-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-song-101675245767072.html |title=Tere Pyaar Mein: Ranbir Kapoor and Shraddha Kapoor can't stop kissing each other in new Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar song |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=30 January 2023|access-date=30 January 2023 |archive-date=1 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201110510/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/tere-pyaar-mein-ranbir-kapoor-and-shraddha-kapoor-can-t-stop-kissing-each-other-in-new-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-song-101675245767072.html |url-status=live }}</ref> "Pyaar Hota Kayi Baar Hai",<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-ranbir-kapoor-says-pyaar-hota-kayi-baar-hai-to-all-the-singles-this-valentines-day-1208773 |title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar: Ranbir Kapoor says 'Pyaar Hota Kayi Baar Hai' to all the singles this Valentine's Day |work=Pinkvilla |date=9 February 2023 |access-date=9 February 2023 |archive-date=10 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230210075930/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-ranbir-kapoor-says-pyaar-hota-kayi-baar-hai-to-all-the-singles-this-valentines-day-1208773 |url-status=live }}</ref> "Show Me The Thumka",<ref>{{cite web |access-date=19 February 2023 |title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar new song Show Me The Thumka: Ranbir Kapoor, Shraddha Kapoor sizzle in wedding dance number |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-new-song-show-me-the-thumka-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-sizzle-in-wedding-dance-number-8458456 |website=The Indian Express |date=19 February 2023 |archive-date=21 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221150730/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-new-song-show-me-the-thumka-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-sizzle-in-wedding-dance-number-8458456/ |url-status=live }}</ref> "O Bedardeya", Maine Pi Rakhi Hai" and "Jaadui". It was released by [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]] on 11 March 2023.<ref name="jiosaavn">{{cite web|url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar/Zk6,htMIngg_|title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack|date=11 March 2023|publisher=Jiosaavn|access-date=11 March 2023|archive-date=17 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317192856/https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar/Zk6,htMIngg_|url-status=live}}</ref> White Noise collectives was nominated for the [[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director]] for the soundtrack.

== Release ==
=== Theatrical ===
The film was released on 8 March 2023, coinciding with the [[Holi]] festival.<ref name="Firstpost-2022">{{cite news |date=14 December 2022 |title=Ranbir Kapoor and Shraddha Kapoor's film is called Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar |work=Firstpost |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/ranbir-kapoor-and-shraddha-kapoors-film-is-called-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-watch-the-quirky-video-of-the-duo-11806371.html |access-date=14 December 2022 |archive-date=14 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221214100331/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/ranbir-kapoor-and-shraddha-kapoors-film-is-called-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-watch-the-quirky-video-of-the-duo-11806371.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Home media===
The film premiered on [[Netflix]] on 3 May 2023.<ref>{{cite web|date=2 May 2023|title=Ranbir Kapoor and Shraddha Kapoor starrer Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar to premiere on Netflix on May 3|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-starrer-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-premiere-netflix-may-3/|work=Bollywood Hungama|access-date=2 May 2023|archive-date=2 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230502060120/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-starrer-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-premiere-netflix-may-3/|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Reception ==
=== Critical response ===
''Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar'' received mixed-to-positive reviews from critics and audiences.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/celebrities/hrithik-roshan-praises-ranbir-shraddha-starrer-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-so-difficult-to-get-2023-03-09-853250|title=Hrithik Roshan praises Ranbir-Shraddha's Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar: 'So difficult to get...'|website=Indiatvnews|date=9 March 2023|access-date=9 March 2023|archive-date=10 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230310092140/https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/celebrities/hrithik-roshan-praises-ranbir-shraddha-starrer-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-so-difficult-to-get-2023-03-09-853250|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Paul |first=Iraa |date=3 May 2023 |title=Just Like Theatres, Ranbir Kapoor's 'Tu Jhooti Main Makkaar' Opens To Mixed Reactions On OTT |url=https://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/binge/just-like-theatres-ranbir-kapoors-tu-jhooti-main-makkaar-opens-to-mixed-reactions-on-ott-601277.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250217071511/https://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/binge/just-like-theatres-ranbir-kapoors-tu-jhooti-main-makkaar-opens-to-mixed-reactions-on-ott-601277.html |archive-date=17 February 2025 |access-date=17 February 2025 |work=[[Indiatimes]] |quote=When it was released in theaters, fans had mixed reactions and it looks like things are no different after landing on OTT either.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=K |first=Janani |date=15 March 2023 |title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar box office collection Day 7: Ranbir Kapoor, Shraddha's film crosses Rs 80 crore |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-box-office-collection-day-7-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-rs-80-crore-2346792-2023-03-15 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250217072044/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-box-office-collection-day-7-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-rs-80-crore-2346792-2023-03-15 |archive-date=17 February 2025 |access-date=17 February 2025 |work=[[India Today]] |quote=The film received positive responses from critics and audiences alike.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title='Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar' on OTT platfrom: Release date, where to watch, cast and plot |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/information/story/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-on-ott-platfrom-release-date-where-to-watch-cast-and-plot-2367390-2023-05-02 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250217073328/https://www.indiatoday.in/information/story/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-on-ott-platfrom-release-date-where-to-watch-cast-and-plot-2367390-2023-05-02 |archive-date=17 February 2025 |access-date=17 February 2025 |work=[[India Today]] |quote=Although critics gave the movie a mixed bag of reviews, audiences adored it for its family-friendly appeal and comedic elements.}}</ref> {{Rotten Tomatoes prose|33|5.3|15|consensus=}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/tu_jhoothi_main_makkaar|title=TU JHOOTHI MAIN MAKKAAR|website=Rotten tomatoes|access-date=5 May 2023|archive-date=8 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308051218/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/tu_jhoothi_main_makkaar|url-status=live}}</ref>

Monika Rawal Kukreja of ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' wrote "''Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar'' is your age-old love story packaged in a modern day setup. It is weird and problematic, but rendered in a funny manner which might hook you in. You may struggle to sit through the pre-interval, but things settle a bit after that. Definitely a one-time watch for entertaining performances and monologues".<ref>{{cite news |date=8 March 2023 |title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar review: Ranbir Kapoor, Shraddha Kapoor's problematic romcom is a montage of monologues |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-review-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-s-problematic-romcom-is-a-montage-of-monologues-101678248618418-amp.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230309043921/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-review-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-s-problematic-romcom-is-a-montage-of-monologues-101678248618418-amp.html |archive-date=9 March 2023 |access-date=8 March 2023 |newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]] }}</ref> [[Sukanya Verma]] of ''[[Rediff]]'' rated the film 2.5 out of 5 stars and wrote "''Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar'' rejoices in this dated deceit and stays true to its director's trademark boy bias."<ref>{{cite web |title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar Review: Ranbir Sizzles, Shraddha Fizzles |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/review/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-review/20230308.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308104538/https://m.rediff.com/amp/movies/review/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-review/20230308.htm |archive-date=8 March 2023 |access-date=8 March 2023 |website=Rediff}}</ref> Pratikshya Mishra of ''[[The Quint]]'' rated the film 2 out of 5 stars and wrote "''Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar'' doesn’t try to be more than it is advertised to be and at first sight; it can even be considered entertaining. However, once you start to peel apart the layers, its flaws are laid bare and one wonders if Bollywood will ever grow out of those tropes".<ref>{{cite web |date=8 March 2023 |title='Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar' Review: Ranbir Kapoor & Shraddha Kapoor Try Their Best |url=https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-full-movie-review-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-kartik-aaryan-luv-ranjan-film |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311211132/https://www.thequint.com/amp/story/entertainment/movie-reviews/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-full-movie-review-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-kartik-aaryan-luv-ranjan-film |archive-date=11 March 2023 |access-date=8 March 2023 |website=Thequint}}</ref>

[[Shubhra Gupta]] from ''[[The Indian Express]]'' was critical towards the filming, giving it a 1.5 out of 5 stars rating, finding fault with the length of the film, misogynistic elements and worn-out jokes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 March 2023 |title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar movie review: Ranbir Kapoor, Shraddha Kapoor film is so boring |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-movie-review-rating-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-8485071/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230313155836/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-movie-review-rating-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-8485071/ |archive-date=13 March 2023 |access-date=13 March 2023 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> [[Saibal Chatterjee]] also gave the film a 1.5 out of 5 star rating in a review for ''[[NDTV]]'', calling the film "More farce than comedy, more chaos than caprice, more dalliance than romance".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar Review: Ranbir Kapoor Is The Sole Saving Grace Of Film That's More Vacuous Chatter Than Genuine Matter |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-review-ranbir-kapoor-is-the-sole-saving-grace-of-film-thats-more-vacuous-chatter-than-genuine-matter-3844305 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230313160619/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-review-ranbir-kapoor-is-the-sole-saving-grace-of-film-thats-more-vacuous-chatter-than-genuine-matter-3844305 |archive-date=13 March 2023 |access-date=13 March 2023 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref> Tina Das of ''[[ThePrint]]'' was critical towards the film, rated 1.5 out of 5 star and wrote "Ranbir Kapoor’s ''Tu Jhoothi Main Makkar'' an endless drag with bad dialogues, misplaced songs".<ref>{{cite web |date=8 March 2023 |title=Ranbir Kapoor's Tu Jhoothi Main Makkar an endless drag with bad dialogues, misplaced songs |website=[[ThePrint]] |url=https://theprint.in/features/reel-take/ranbir-kapoors-tu-jhoothi-main-makkar-an-endless-drag-with-bad-dialogues-misplaced-songs/1427037/ |access-date=11 May 2023 |archive-date=11 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230511024031/https://theprint.in/features/reel-take/ranbir-kapoors-tu-jhoothi-main-makkar-an-endless-drag-with-bad-dialogues-misplaced-songs/1427037/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Renuka Vyavahare of ''[[The Times of India]]'' gave the film a rating of 3.5 stars out of 5 and stated that the film has "humour and heart at the right place".<ref>{{cite news|title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar Movie Review : A modern love story with familial twist|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar/movie-review/98487073.cms?from=mdr|website=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=8 March 2023|archive-date=8 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308032451/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar/movie-review/98487073.cms?from=mdr|url-status=live}}</ref> Titas Chowdhury of ''[[News 18]]'' rated the film 3.5 out of 5, termed the chemistry between the leads as "pappable and sizzling" and music as the "strong point of the film".<ref>{{cite web|title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar Review: Ranbir Kapoor Steals Show; Shraddha Kapoor Lights Up Every Frame|url=https://www.news18.com/movies/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-review-ranbir-kapoor-steals-the-show-shraddha-kapoor-lights-up-every-frame-7242931.html|website=[[News 18]]|date=8 March 2023 |access-date=8 March 2023|archive-date=8 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308033312/https://www.news18.com/amp/movies/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-review-ranbir-kapoor-steals-the-show-shraddha-kapoor-lights-up-every-frame-7242931.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Devesh Sharma of ''[[Filmfare]]'' rated the film 3.5 out of 5 stars and wrote "Watch ''Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar'' for the fresh pairing of Ranbir and Shraddha and for its several comic moments. You laugh the most in the last 30 minutes. It’s infinitely better than his earlier products and let’s hope he continues to tread this newfound path".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.filmfare.com/reviews/bollywood-movies/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-movie-review-57315.amp|title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar Movie Review|website=Filmfare|access-date=8 March 2023|archive-date=8 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308175507/https://m.filmfare.com/reviews/bollywood-movies/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-movie-review-57315.amp|url-status=live}}</ref> Tushar Joshi of ''[[India Today]]'' rated the film 3.5 out of 5 stars and wrote that the film's "latter half and peppy climax redeem its lazy first half and making it a worthy entertainer".<ref>{{cite web|title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar review: Ranbir Kapoor's return to rom-com is the perfect relief we waited for|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-review-ranbir-kapoors-return-to-rom-com-is-the-perfect-relief-we-waited-for-2343916-2023-03-08|website=[[India Today]]|date=8 March 2023 |access-date=8 March 2023|archive-date=8 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308032109/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-review-ranbir-kapoors-return-to-rom-com-is-the-perfect-relief-we-waited-for-2343916-2023-03-08|url-status=live}}</ref>

Ganesh Aaglave of ''[[Firstpost]]'' rated the film 3.5 out of 5 stars and wrote "Luv Ranjan ticks all the right boxes again with ''Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar''. The exotic locations and chartbuster music add great value to the film. Special mention to the superb climax, which will leave a huge smile on your face while exiting the cinema hall. Ranbir hits the ball out of the park his expressive eyes, which speak volumes in each and every frame. Shraddha is terrific, and the chemistry between her and RK is lit".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-review-ranbir-kapoor-rules-the-screen-with-his-charisma-in-luv-ranjans-signature-style-rom-com-12257582.html/amp|title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar review: Ranbir Kapoor rules the screen with his charisma in Luv Ranjan's signature style rom-com|website=Firstpost|date=8 March 2023|access-date=8 March 2023|archive-date=8 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308100630/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-review-ranbir-kapoor-rules-the-screen-with-his-charisma-in-luv-ranjans-signature-style-rom-com-12257582.html/amp|url-status=live}}</ref> Abhimanyu Mathur of ''[[DNA India]]'' rated the film 3 out of 5 stars and wrote "''Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar'' is a fun watch, but only if you have the patience to sit through a first half that is hammied and walks a long and winding route, taking its own sweet time to arrive at any point. The film’s beating heart is Ranbir Kapoor. The man returns to the romantic comedy genre and owns the screen like he never left. He is smooth in the fun scenes, impactful in the emotional ones".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-movie-review-luv-ranjan-film-is-cringe-saved-only-by-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-3028509/amp|title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar movie review: Luv Ranjan's most 'mature' film is still cringe, saved only by Ranbir Kapoor|website=DNAIndia|access-date=8 March 2023|archive-date=8 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308022313/https://www.dnaindia.com/bollywood/report-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-movie-review-luv-ranjan-film-is-cringe-saved-only-by-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-3028509/amp|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Box office ===
''Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar'' grossed {{INRConvert|18.73|c}} in India and {{INRConvert|2.87|c}} overseas taking collection to {{INRConvert|21.6|c}}, on its opening day coinciding with [[Holi]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Box Office – Ranbir Kapoor continues to rule the romcom space, Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar is next only to Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/box-office-ranbir-kapoor-continues-rule-romcom-space-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-next-yeh-jawaani-hai-deewani/ |date=9 March 2023 |access-date=16 March 2023 |language=en |archive-date=16 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316125543/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/box-office-special-features/box-office-ranbir-kapoor-continues-rule-romcom-space-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-next-yeh-jawaani-hai-deewani/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=box-office /> In India the film took opening weekend of {{INR}}70.24 crore nett and crossed {{INR}}100 crore nett collection mark on the 11th day of film's release.<ref>{{cite news |title='Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar' Box Office: Ranbir Kapoor, Shraddha Kapoor's Film Mints Rs 70 Crore On Weekend 1 |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/art-entertainment/-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-box-office-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-s-film-mints-rs-70-crore-on-weekend-1-news-269770 |date=13 March 2023 |access-date=28 March 2023 |language=en |archive-date=28 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328021844/https://www.outlookindia.com/art-entertainment/-tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-box-office-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-s-film-mints-rs-70-crore-on-weekend-1-news-269770 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar box office day 11 collection: Ranbir Kapoor, Shraddha Kapoor film crosses ₹100 cr |newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]] |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-box-office-day-11-collection-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-film-crosses-100-cr-101679204539216.html |date=19 March 2023 |access-date=28 March 2023 |language=en |archive-date=28 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328022709/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-box-office-day-11-collection-ranbir-kapoor-shraddha-kapoor-film-crosses-100-cr-101679204539216.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

The film has grossed {{INRConvert|177.44|c}} in India and {{INRConvert|42.66|c}} overseas for a worldwide gross collection of {{INRConvert|220.1|c}}.<ref name=box-office>{{Cite web |title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar Box Office Collection {{!}} India {{!}} Overseas {{!}} Day Wise {{!}} Box Office |website= [[Bollywood Hungama]]|date= 8 March 2023|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar/box-office/ |access-date=9 March 2023 |language=en |archive-date=9 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230309060550/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar/box-office/ |url-status=live }}</ref> It drew audiences to cinemas, but was not considered a commercial hit.<ref name="HT-06Apr23">{{Cite news |last1=Fatima |first1=Syeda Eba |date=6 April 2023 |title=Bollywood's first quarter report card: Films fail to recover the base cost; Pathaan saves the day |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/box-office-collections-of-q1-2023-disappoint-except-for-shah-rukh-khan-s-pathaan-string-of-flops-for-bollywood-101680689854359-amp.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250217070702/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/box-office-collections-of-q1-2023-disappoint-except-for-shah-rukh-khan-s-pathaan-string-of-flops-for-bollywood-101680689854359-amp.html |archive-date=17 February 2025 |access-date=17 February 2025 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |quote=Director Luv Ranjan’s TJMM collected ₹139 cr though its budget exceeds the total profit made so far, so technically, it can't be called a commercial hit.}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|tt8672856}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes | tu_jhoothi_main_makkaar }}
* {{Bollywood Hungama movie|id=tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar}}

{{Luv Ranjan}}
{{Portal bar|India|Film|Bollywood}}

[[Category:2023 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Luv Ranjan]]
[[Category:Films distributed by Yash Raj Films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Pritam]]
[[Category:Films set in Delhi]]
[[Category:Films set in Gurgaon]]
[[Category:Films set in Haryana]]
[[Category:Films shot in Delhi]]
[[Category:Films shot in Gurgaon]]
[[Category:Films shot in Mauritius]]
[[Category:Films shot in Spain]]
[[Category:Indian romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:T-Series (company) films]]

Hinduism in Qatar

2026-03-16T07:50:26Z

Garrisonroofing: Creating basic post initial version

#REDIRECT [[Hinduism in Arab States#Qatar]] {{R to section}}

[[Category:Hinduism by country|Qatar]]
[[Category:Religion in Qatar|Hinduism]]
[[Category:Hinduism in the Middle East|Qatar]]

Priya Hiranandani-Vandrevala

2026-03-15T03:55:26Z

Garrisonroofing: Made basic info nd citations - done

{{Short description|Indian entrepreneur and philanthropist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Priya Hiranandani-Vandrevala
| image = Priya Hiranandani-Vandrevala.jpg
| image_upright =
| landscape =
| alt =
| caption = Priya Hiranandani-Vandrevala
| birth_name = Priya Hiranandani
| birth_date = 
| birth_place = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], India
| citizenship =
| education =
| alma_mater = [[University of Mumbai]]
| occupation = Entrepreneur, Philanthropist, Founder of Zenta Group, Hirco & [[Vandrevala Foundation]]
| years_active =
| employer =
| organization =
| agent =
| known_for =
| notable_works =
| title =
| term =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| movement =
| opponents =
| boards =
| spouse = Cyrus Vandrevala
| children = 2
| father = [[Niranjan Hiranandani]]
| relatives = [[Lakhumal Hiranand Hiranandani]] (grandfather)
| family =
| awards =
}}

'''Priya Hiranandani-Vandrevala''' (born 1977) is an Indian entrepreneur and philanthropist, founder and former CEO of Zenta Group, a [[business process outsourcing]] firm. She co-founded and served as CEO of Hirco, a real estate company. She is the co-founder of the [[Vandrevala Foundation]], a non-profit organization focused on mental health, along with her husband, Cyrus.<ref name=dna>{{cite news |last1=Lal |first1=Priyanshi |title=Priya Hiranandani Vandrevala: Between intention and action, there must be intervention |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/business/report-priya-hiranandani-vandrevala-between-intention-and-action-there-must-be-intervention-3071029 |access-date=17 January 2024 |publisher=[[DNA India]] |date=8 December 2023}}</ref> She was listed by the [[World Economic Forum]] as one of its [[Young Global Leaders]] in 2011.<ref name="Rediff"/>

In 2012, she was named among the ''[[Evening Standard]]'''s top philanthropists<ref name=standard>{{cite news |title=London's 1000 most influential people 2011: Faith and Philanthropy |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/hp/front/londons-1000-most-influential-people-2011-faith-and-philanthropy-6365553.html |newspaper=[[Evening Standard]] |date=6 April 2012}}</ref> and in 2018, she and her husband were listed in the Asian Rich List with a combined net worth of £2.1 billion.<ref name="RichList"/>

== Early life and education ==
Priya completed her postgraduate studies at the [[University of Mumbai]]. She is also a [[chartered accountant]] by education. She is the daughter of [[Niranjan Hiranandani]].<ref name=BS>{{cite news |last1=Kamath |first1=K Raghavendra |title=Her father's daughter |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/her-father-s-daughter-112012100043_1.html |newspaper=[[Business Standard]] |date=20 January 2013}}</ref>

== Career ==
[[File:Priya Hiranandani-Vandrevala1.jpg|250px|thumb|Priya Hiranandani-Vandrevala at the [[World Economic Forum]] in 2012]]

Priya Hiranandani began her career with [[Arthur Andersen]], a corporate finance firm.<ref>[[Rashtriya Sahara]]. (2002). Volume 10, Issues 1-6, India: Sahara India Mass Communication.</ref> In 2000, Priya Hiranandani-Vandrevala founded Zenta Group, a business process outsourcing (BPO) company, which provided services to financial institutions. The company was headquartered in [[Wayne, Pennsylvania|Wayne]], [[Pennsylvania]], with operational offices in India. Priya served as the CEO of Zenta.<ref>{{cite news |title=GTCR buys stake in Zenta |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/gtcr-buys-stake-in-zenta/articleshow/1111622.cms?from=mdr |newspaper=[[The Economic Times]] |date=16 May 2005}}</ref>

By 2004, it became one of the largest [[business process outsourcing|BPO]] companies in India,<ref name=BS/> as per [[NASSCOM]].<ref>{{cite news |title=American Capital Invests $28.5 Million in Indian BPO/ARM Provider |url=https://www.insidearm.com/news/00003342-american-capital-invests-285-million-in-i/ |publisher=insideARM.com |date=12 September 2006}}</ref> In 2005, she sold Zenta to H-Cube LLC, a US based company affiliated with private equity firm [[GTCR]]<ref name=bizjournal>{{cite news |last1=Bounds |first1=Jeff |title=H-Cube acquires Indian co. |url=http://www.bizjournals.com/dallas/stories/2005/06/06/story2.html |publisher=[[American City Business Journals]] |date=3 June 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013000419/http://www.bizjournals.com/dallas/stories/2005/06/06/story2.html |archive-date=13 October 2008}}</ref> for US$80 million (then around {{INR}}350 crore), reportedly by [[Business Standard]].<ref name=BS/> However, reports from both ''[[BizJournals]]''<ref name=bizjournal/> and ''[[Livemint]]'' suggest the sale value to be US$100 million, equivalent to {{INR}}427.9 crores at that time.<ref name=mint/>

In late 2004, Priya took charge of Hiranandani Software and Systems, a software company and she was credited with its successful restructuring.<ref name=mint>{{cite news |last1=Kanekal |first1=Nikhil |last2=Nandy |first2=Madhurima |title=Twists and turns in a family dispute |url=https://www.livemint.com/Companies/JpvgOM8mcgvDP4A94GL4qN/Twists-and-turns-in-a-family-dispute.html |publisher=[[Livemint]] |date=29 December 2011}}</ref> She also served as the chief executive officer of buildbyte.com, which was a construction portal in India with a focus on the e-commerce sector.<ref name=timesofindia/>

In 2006, she co-founded Hirco, a real estate company and served as its CEO until 2010. The company later secured a listing on [[London Stock Exchange]]'s [[Alternative Investment Market]], with an infusion of £350 million directed towards two projects situated in [[Chennai]] and [[Panvel]] near [[Mumbai]].<ref name="Hindustantimes">{{cite news |title=Vandrevala: fighting back |url=https://www.pressreader.com/india/hindustan-times-lucknow/20140311/282265253364836 |newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=11 May 2014}}</ref>

In 2011, Priya Hiranandani-Vandrevala initiated an arbitration case, alleging a breach of a business association agreement by her father, [[Niranjan Hiranandani]] and brother, Darshan Hiranandani. The dispute centered around nearly 28 real estate projects valued at approximately {{INR}}3,000 crore. Priya claimed that these projects violated the agreement, which required exclusive transactions between her, Niranjan and Darshan when acquiring and developing land. The arbitration case drew notice for its panel, which included [[Cherie Blair]], wife of former British Prime Minister [[Tony Blair]], [[Ajit Prakash Shah]], ex-chief justice of the [[Delhi High Court]] and [[Lucy Reed (lawyer)|Lucy Reed]], a UK Queen's Counsel.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Deshpande |first1=Swati |title=CCherie Blair to settle feud in Hiranandani family|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/cherie-blair-to-settle-feud-in-hiranandani-family/articleshow/12347368.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=21 March 2012}}</ref> In August 2013, [[London Court of International Arbitration]]'s Indian subsidiary ruled in favor of Priya in the family business dispute with the [[Hiranandani Group]] after over two-and-a-half years of arbitration.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Shrivastava |first1=Prachi |title=LCIA yet to bag 10th case as high-powered Hiranandani arbitration resolved with Cherie Blair, AP Shah, Karanjawala |url=https://www.legallyindia.com/litigation-arbitration-disputes/3-year-old-lcia-still-to-get-its-10th-dispute-resolves-hiranandani-feud-with-karanjawala-pepper-hamilton-20130808-3898 |publisher=Legally India |date=8 August 2013}}</ref>

In 2016, the [[Bombay High Court]] issued an interim directive, ordering Niranjan Hiranandani to pay ₹520 crore in compensation to Priya Hiranandani Vandrevala for breach of trust and infringement of the terms of a business agreement.<ref>{{cite news |title=Bombay HC directs Niranjan Hiranandani to pay daughter Priya ₹520 cr compensation |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/real-estate/bombay-hc-directs-niranjan-hiranandani-to-pay-daughter-priya-520-cr-compensation/article9231236.ece|publisher=[[Business Line]] |date=16 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Baghel |first1=Sunil |title=Hiranandanis' 10-yr feud ends, daughter Priya gets Rs 360 cr |url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/cover-story/hiranandanis-10-yr-feud-ends-daughter-priya-gets-rs-360-cr/articleshow/68473030.cms |newspaper=[[Mumbai Mirror]] |date=19 March 2019}}</ref>

At the 2012 [[World Economic Forum]] in [[Davos]], [[Switzerland]], she chaired the WEF Real Estate Community's Steering Board.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lal |first1=Priyanshi |title=Priya Hiranandani Vandrevala: Between intention and action, there must be intervention |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/business/report-priya-hiranandani-vandrevala-between-intention-and-action-there-must-be-intervention-3071029 |publisher=[[DNA India]] |date=8 December 2023}}</ref> In past, Priya was a member of the [[Indian Merchants' Chamber]] and served as a representative in its Telecom and IT Committee, advising the Indian government on various IT-related matters.<ref name=timesofindia>{{cite news |title=Call of the rebel |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/call-of-the-rebel/articleshow/1954544809.cms?from=mdr |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=26 June 2001}}</ref> She co-founded Veldos, a BPO business, and H Living Inc, a real estate development company.<ref>{{cite web |title=Priya Hiranandani-Vandrevala |url=https://www.weforum.org/people/priya-hiranandani-vandrevala/ |publisher=[[World Economic Forum]]}}</ref>

== Work ==
She is engaged in various social and philanthropic activities. In 2008, Priya founded the [[Vandrevala Foundation]], a non-profit that supports mental health care. She launched the Mental Health - India initiative in 2009, for creating awareness about [[mental health]] and providing support services.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Thakur |first1=Deepender |title=मानसिक रोगियों के लिए वरदान है प्रिया का 'वंद्रेवाला फाऊंडेशन' |url=https://www.punjabkesari.in/health-plus/news/vandrewala-foundation-makes-people-aware-about-mental-health-1909783 |publisher=[[Punjab Kesari]] |date=30 November 2023}}</ref> The foundation has implemented various initiatives, including a free helpline offering confidential counseling and referrals for mental health services.<ref>{{cite news |title=Extending A Lifeline With A Helpline: Bridging The Mental Health Gap |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/health/mental-health/extending-a-lifeline-with-a-helpline-bridging-the-mental-health-gap-article-105991994 |publisher=[[Times Now]] |date=14 December 2013}}</ref>

She collaborated with organizations such as the [[Gujarat Police]], Emmanuel Hospital Association, [[St Stephen's Hospital, Delhi]] and the [[Mar Thoma Syrian Church]] to promote mental health on various occasions.<ref name=dna/> She serves as a patron of the [[Elephant Family]], a wildlife charity run by [[Mark Shand]] and is also a board member of [[The American School in London]].<ref name=times/> She is a trustee on the [[University of Pennsylvania Health System|University of Pennsylvania Medicine]] Board.<ref name=dna/>

In November 2013, Priya and her husband hosted the 65th birthday celebration of [[Prince Charles]] at [[Buckingham Palace]]. Prince Charles conveyed his gratitude to the Vandrevalas for sponsoring the event, with the proceeds subsequently donated to various charitable organizations.<ref>{{cite news |title=Indian billionaire couple hosts Prince Charles' birthday dinner |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/indian-billionaire-couple-hosts-prince-charles-birthday-dinner-542082|publisher=[[India TV]] |date=17 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Indian couple's party to benefit British charities |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/indian-couple-s-party-to-benefit-british-charities-113081601086_1.html |newspaper=[[Business Standard]] |date=16 August 2013}}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Priya is married to Cyrus Vandrevala, a UK-based businessman and investor. She is originally from [[Mumbai]], India, currently lives in [[London]].<ref name=times>{{cite news |title=Prince Charles' Bollygarch friends fight clan war |url=https://www.thetimes.com/travel/destinations/asia-travel/india/prince-charles-bollygarch-friends-fight-clan-war-tjttkcqs3bb |work=[[The Times]] |date=17 August 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200226044358/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/prince-charles-bollygarch-friends-fight-clan-war-tjttkcqs3bb#selection-613.0-624.0 |archive-date=26 February 2020}}</ref> The couple has two sons, named Jeh and Anand.<ref>{{cite web |title=Priya Hiranandani-Vandrevala Trustee at The American School in London |url=https://theorg.com/org/the-american-school-in-london/org-chart/priya-hiranandani-vandrevala |publisher=Theorg.com}}</ref>

== Controversies ==
=== Alleged Infringement of copyright and trademark ===
In February 2014, a legal dispute arose as [[Niranjan Hiranandani|Niranjan]] and [[Surendra Hiranandani]], along with [[Hiranandani Group|Hiranandani Constructions Pvt Ltd]] (HCPL), filed a suit in the [[Bombay High Court]]. They sought to prevent Priya Hiranandani-Vandrevala from using the name 'Hiranandani' in her business, following her establishment of Hiranandani Living Pvt Ltd (HLPL) in May 2013.<ref name=mumbaimirror>{{cite news |last1=Sadhwani |first1=Yogesh |title=Priya Hiranandani fights to use famous surname as brand |url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/other/priya-hiranandani-fights-to-use-famous-surname-as-brand/articleshow/31128005.cms |newspaper=[[Mumbai Mirror]] |date=28 February 2014}}</ref> The petition challenged the name usage and seeking {{INR}}50 crore for the alleged copyright infringement.<ref>{{cite news |title=Trademark row: Niranjan Hiranandani files suit in HC against daughter, seeks Rs 50 cr |url=https://www.mid-day.com/mumbai/mumbai-news/article/Trademark-row--Niranjan-Hiranandani-files-suit-in-HC-against-daughter--seeks-Rs-50-cr-15107051 |publisher=[[Mid-Day]] |date=19 February 2014}}</ref>

In response to objections, HLPL issued a four-page letter, dismissing the claims as false and misleading. Priya, who also owned 10 registered 'Hiranandani' trademarks since 2008, argued the name's generic nature, calling it a common [[Sindhis|Sindhi]] surname and HLPL asserted no similarity with HCPL, citing the distinct words 'constructions' and 'living'.<ref name=mumbaimirror/>

=== Defamation case against The Sunday Times ===
In October 2015, Priya Hiranandani filed a defamation case against [[Times Newspapers Ltd.]], the publisher of the British newspaper ''[[The Sunday Times]]'', for publishing a [[defamatory]] and false article related to a legal case involving her company Hirco, in August 2015.<ref>{{cite news |title=Publications must be taken as a whole when determining meaning, rules High Court |url=https://www.pinsentmasons.com/out-law/news/publications-must-be-taken-as-a-whole-when-determining-meaning-rules-high-court |publisher=[[Pinsent Masons]] |date=19 February 2016}}</ref> The [[Court of Appeal (England and Wales)|High Court]] ruled the statements were defamatory, and [[The Sunday Times]] settled the claim in November 2016 by issuing apologies online and in print formats and removing the defamatory article from its website.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hiranandani-Vandrevala makes statement in open court |url=https://www.5rb.com/defamation-2/hiranandani-vandrevala-makes-statement-open-court/ |publisher=5rb.com |date=19 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Hiranandani-Vandrevala v Times Newspapers Limited |url=https://www.5rb.com/case/hiranandani-vandrevala-v-times-newspapers-limited/ |publisher=5rb.com |date=12 February 2016}}</ref>

== Awards and recognition ==
* In 2001, she received the Indo-American Society for Young Entrepreneurs award.<ref name=Rediff>{{cite news |title=12 Indians among WEF's Young Global Leaders |url=https://www.rediff.com/money/slide-show/slide-show-1-twelve-indians-among-wef-young-global-leaders/20110311.htm |work=[[Rediff.com]] |date=14 March 2011}}</ref><ref name=BS/>
* In 2012, Priya and her husband were included in the ''[[Evening Standard]]'''s list of [[London]]'s top philanthropists.<ref name=standard/>
* In 2012, The [[World Economic Forum]] inducted her into the [[Forum of Young Global Leaders]].<ref name=Rediff/>
* In 2018, Priya and her husband, Cyrus Vandrevala, were featured in the Asian Rich List with a net worth of £2.1 billion, compiled by the Asian Media Group and [[UBS]].<ref name=RichList>{{cite news |last1=Millington |first1=Alison |title=The 21 richest Asians in the UK |url=http://www.businessinsider.in/the-21-richest-asians-in-the-uk/articleshow/63426619.cms |newspaper=[[Business Insider]] |date=23 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180326230915/http://www.businessinsider.in/the-21-richest-asians-in-the-uk/articleshow/63426619.cms |archive-date=26 March 2018}}</ref>
* In October 2021, her organization, the [[Cyrus and Priya Vandrevala Foundation]] won ''[[India Today]]'''s Healthgiri Award for Best Mental Health Counseling, presented by Union Minister [[Mansukh Mandaviya]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Singh |first1=Suhani |title=Preserving our sanity: The Cyrus & Priya Vandrevala Foundation |url=http://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/health/story/20211018-preserving-our-sanity-the-cyrus-priya-vandrevala-foundation-mumbai-1862287-2021-10-08 |publisher=[[India Today]] |date=18 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=India Today Healthgiri Awards 2021 announced: Full list of winners |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/india-today-healthgiri-awards-2021-announced-full-list-of-winners-1860109-2021-10-02 |publisher=[[India Today]] |date=3 October 2021}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.shethepeople.tv/interviews/priya-hiranandani-vandrevala/ How Priya Hiranandani Vandrevala Bridges Networks Of Mental Health Support In India] on ''[[SheThePeople]]''
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hiranandani-Vandrevala, Priya}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian women business executives]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian businesswomen]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian businesspeople]]
[[Category:Indian social entrepreneurs]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Mumbai]]
[[Category:University of Mumbai alumni]]
[[Category:1977 births]]

Simhadriya Simha

2026-03-10T11:28:06Z

Garrisonroofing: adding some post from scratch

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Simhadriya Simha
| image = Simhadriya Simha poster.jpg
| caption = Film poster
| director = [[S. Narayan]]
| producer = Smt. Prabhavathi Vijaykumar
| story = Erode Sounder
| based_on = ''[[Nattamai]]'' (Tamil)
| screenplay = S. Narayan
| narrator =
| starring = [[Vishnuvardhan (actor)|Vishnuvardhan]] [[Meena (actress)|Meena]] [[Bhanupriya]] [[Abhijeeth]] [[Umashree|Umashri]] [[Mukhyamantri Chandru]] [[Ruchita Prasad]] [[Shobaraj]] 
| music = [[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
| cinematography = Ramesh Babu
| editing = P. R. Soundarraj
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2002|06|07}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Kannada
}}

'''''Simhadriya Simha''''' ({{translation|The Lion of Simhadri}}) is a 2002 Indian [[Kannada]]-language [[action drama]] film directed by [[S. Narayan]]. The film stars [[Vishnuvardhan (actor)|Vishnuvardhan]], [[Meena (actress)|Meena]] and [[Bhanupriya]]. Vishnuvardhan played a triple role in this movie.
The music of the film was composed by [[Deva (composer)|Deva]]. It is a remake of the 1994 [[Tamil language|Tamil]] film ''[[Nattamai]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chitraloka.com/movie-reviews/2856-simhadriya-simha-review.html |title=Simhadriya Simha Movie Review |publisher=chitraloka.com |date=2002-06-08 |accessdate=2022-08-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vishnuvardhan.com/simhadri.htm|title = Simhadriyasimha - Review}}</ref>


==Plot==
The story revolves around Narasimhe Gowda (Vishnuvardhan), who is the chieftain for a group of 48 villages. He is the man with the strength of an elephant and who rules the Simhadri village as a lion rules his kingdom. The sincerity and the wisdom in the judgment make the people go to Narasimha for justice and not the police. one of the relative of Narasimha Gowda Shobraj's, rapes a girl and is banished from the village for 18 years. He also has to marry the girl according to the judgment by the Gowda. Such a harsh judgment makes Shobraj's father kill Narasimhe Gowda. The throne is ascended by the elder son of Narasimha Gowda, who is also portrayed by Vishnuvardhan as a just and powerful ruler. Things take a turn after 18 years when the Simhadriya Simha family has to undergo a similar situation. Due to a twist of fate, Gowda has to decide his brother Chikka's (again played by Vishnuvardhan) fate. The judgment - Chikka is ordered to leave the village for 10 years. Truth is unveiled when Shobraj's mother reveals the involvement of her son in falsely implicating Chikka. Gowda then realizes his mistake and falls unconscious. However, the doctors revive him and the newborn baby acknowledges him as doddappa.

==Cast==
{{colbegin}}
* [[Vishnuvardhan (actor)|Vishnuvardhan]] in a triple role as
**Jr.Gowda
**Chikkanna
**Narasimha Gowda
* [[Meena (actress)|Meena]] as Deepa, Chikkanna's wife (voice dubbed by [[Sudharani]])
* [[Bhanupriya]] as Lakshmi, Jr.Gowda's wife
* [[Shivaram]]
* [[M. S. Umesh]]
* [[Shobaraj (actor)|Shobhraj]]
* [[Abhijeeth]]
* [[Umashree|Umashri]]
* [[Mukhyamantri Chandru]]
* [[Sundar Raj]]
* [[Keertiraj]]
* [[Ruchita Prasad]]
* [[Rekha Das]]
* Vijay Kumar as Lakshmi's Brother
* Sirija
{{colend}}

== Production ==
The film finished production work in April 2002.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/apr07/ent4.htm|title=Saahasa Simha|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020616120039/http://www.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/apr07/ent4.htm |archive-date=16 June 2002 }}</ref>

==Soundtrack==
The film's soundtrack was composed by [[Deva (composer)|Deva]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kannada-newmp3.blogspot.com/2009/11/simhadriya-simha.html|title=Simhadriya Simha}}</ref> with lyrics penned by the director [[S. Narayan]] himself. The song "Kotha Paakum" from the original Tamil film ''Nattamai'' was retained here as "Malnad Adike". The song "Priya Priya" was from the Tamil film ''[[Kattabomman (film)|Kattabomman]]''. Deva later reused "Kalladare Naanu" as "Poove Mudhal" in Tamil film ''[[Kadhal Kirukkan]]''.
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="background:#ff9; text-align:center;"
! Track# !! Song !! Singer(s)
|-
| 1 || "Barthanavva" || [[S.P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K. S. Chitra]], [[Rajesh Krishnan]], Sangeeta Gururaj
|-
| 2 || "Kallaadare Naanu" || S.P. Balasubrahmanyam
|-
| 3 || "Malnad Adike" || Rajesh Krishnan, S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Sangeeta Gururaj
|-
| 4 || "Priya Priya" || S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, [[Chandrika Gururaj]]
|-
| 5 || "Simhadriya" || S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
|-
| 6 || "Yajamaana" || S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra
|}

==Reception==
The film received positive reviews. [[Vishnuvardhan (actor)|Vishnuvardhan]]'s acting was said to be the highlight of the film.

The film became a hit in [[Karnataka]] and completed 25 successful weeks in the theaters. It created a craze among the audience and songs like Malnad Adike, Priya Priya and Simhaadriya Simha, all sung by [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]] were huge hits and were regularly played at functions, shows etc.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|4966270|Simhadriya Simha}}

{{S. Narayan}}

[[Category:2002 films]]
[[Category:2002 Kannada-language films]]
[[Category:Kannada remakes of Tamil films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Deva (composer)]]
[[Category:Films directed by S. Narayan]]

Dhar State

2026-03-09T13:17:55Z

Garrisonroofing: updated page

{{Short description|Princely state in present-day India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}
{{Infobox former subdivision
|native_name = धार मराठा रियासत
|conventional_long_name = Dhar State
|common_name = Dhar
|nation = [[India]]
|subdivision = [[Princely State]]
|era =
|year_start = 1730
|date_start =
|event_start=
|year_end = 1947
|date_end =
|event_end= [[Independence of India]]
|event1 =
|date_event1 =
|p1 =
|s1 = India
|flag_p1 =
|flag_s1 = Flag of India.svg
|image_flag =Drapeau Dhar.png
|image_coat =
|image_map = Barwani-Dhar map.jpg
|image_map_caption = Dhar State in the [[Imperial Gazetteer of India]]
|stat_area1 =4660
|stat_year1 =1941
|stat_pop1 = 253,210
|today = [[India]]
|footnotes = Columbia-Lippincott Gazetteer (New York: Columbia University Press, 1952) p. 510
}}
[[File:Yeshwant Rao Pawar of Dhar.jpg|thumb|Yeshwant Rao Pawar, 3rd Raja of Dhar]]
[[File:HH Maharaja Udaji Rao II Puar of Dhar.jpg|thumb|HH Maharaja Udaji Rao II Pawar of Dhar]]
[[File:City Palace PP.jpg|thumb|Gate of City Palace, built in 1875]]
'''Dhar Maratha State''' was a [[List of Maratha dynasties and states|Maratha]] [[princely state]]. It was a [[salute state]] in the colonial sway of the [[Central India Agency]]. Dhar began as one of the states during [[Maratha Empire|Maratha dominance]] in India about 1730. In 1941 it had an area of {{convert|1798|sqmi|km2}} and a population of 253,210. [[Dhar]] was the capital of the state from 1732 (from the 1728 foundation, the Raja's first seat had been at [[Multhan]] in [[Dhar district, India|Dhar district]]. In 1948, it became part of [[Madhya Bharat]].

Lying between 21°57' and 23°15' north, and 74°37' and 75°37' east, Dhar State was bordered on the north by [[Ratlam State]] and [[Sailana State]]; east by parts of [[Gwalior State|Gwalior]] and [[Indore State]]s; on the south by [[Barwani State]], and on the west by [[Jhabua State]] and portions of [[Gwalior State]] and [[Indore State]].

[[Prathmeshwar Sinh Raje Pawar]] is the current titular crown prince of Dhar, as [[Hemendra Sinh Raje Pawar]] (the titular Maharaja of Dhar) died in November 2023.<ref>MP: Dhar's Titular Maharaja Hemendra Rao Pawar Passes Away Due To Cancer, November 07 2023 [https://www.freepressjournal.in/indore/mp-dhars-titular-maharaja-hemendra-rao-pawar-passes-away-due-to-cancer]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/madhyapradesh/hemendra-sinh-pawar-is-head-of-erstwhile-princely-state-of-dhar/article1-1307225.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150126183920/http://www.hindustantimes.com/madhyapradesh/hemendra-singh-puar-is-head-of-erstwhile-princely-state-of-dhar/article1-1307225.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 January 2015|title=Hemendra Singh Puar is head of erstwhile princely state of Dhar|date=15 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/indore/hemendra-puar-to-be-new-dhar-maharaja/articleshow/45893428.cms|title=Hemendra Pawar to be new Dhar maharaja | Indore News - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref name="freepressjournal">{{Cite web |title=Hemendra Singh becomes new King of Dhar |url=http://www.freepressjournal.in/hemendra-singh-becomes-new-king-of-dhar/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150725012024/http://www.freepressjournal.in/hemendra-singh-becomes-new-king-of-dhar/ |archive-date=25 July 2015 |access-date=7 September 2017 |website=freepressjournal.in |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/indore/administration-to-remove-seal-on-dhar-royal-estates-on-hc-orders/articleshow/48211141.cms|title=Administration to remove seal on Dhar royal estates on HC orders | Indore News - Times of India|website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=riBJH0J1FR0C&q=dhar++pawar&pg=PA302|title=Indian States: A Biographical, Historical, and Administrative Survey|first1=R. V.|last1=Solomon|first2=J. W.|last2=Bond|date=7 September 2017|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=9788120619654|via=Google Books}}</ref>

== History ==
{{See also|Dewas Junior|Dewas Senior|Indore State|Gwalior State}}
The present Dhar dynasty was founded in 1729 by Udaji Rao Pawar, a distinguished [[Maratha]] general who received the territory as a grant from the [[Chhatrapati]].

Yashwant Rao Pawar also had prominent role in the northern expansion of the [[Maratha Empire]]. In the [[Third battle of Panipat]] (1761), Atai Khan, the adopted son of the Wazir Shah Wali Khan, was said to have been killed by Yeshwant Rao Pawar when he climbed atop his elephant and struck him down.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.historyfiles.co.uk/FeaturesFarEast/India_Modern_Peshwas04.htm|title=The Peshwas: Peak & Debacle|website=www.historyfiles.co.uk}}</ref>

During the Pindhari raids, the state's territory was whittled away, until it was restored in size on 10 January 1819, when it signed a [[Subsidiary alliance]] agreement with the British East India Company and became a major [[Princely state]], enjoying [[indirect rule]] under British [[protectorate]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2019}}

The Dhar State [[Durbar (court)|Darbar]] (Court) was composed of [[Sardar]]s, [[Jagirdar]]s, Istamuradars, [[Mankari]]s, [[Thakur (title)|Thakur]]s and Bhumias.

The state was confiscated by the British after the [[Revolt of 1857]]. In 1860, it was restored to Raja Anand Rao III Pawar, then a minor, with the exception of the detached district of Bairusia which was granted to the Begum of [[Bhopal]]. Anand Rao, who received the personal title Maharaja and the [[Order of the Star of India|KCSI]] in 1877, died in 1898; he was succeeded by Udaji Rao II [[Pawar]].

== Rulers ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Reign start
!Reign end
!Name
!Birth-death
|-
|1728
|1732
|Udaji Raje I Pawar
|
|-
|1732
|1736
|Anand Raje I Pawar
| (b. ... – died 1749)
|-
|1736
|1761, 6 January
|Yeshwant Raje I Pawar
|(1724–1761)
|-
|1761, 6 January
|1782
|Khande Raje Pawar
| (b. c.1758 – died 1782)
|-
|1782
|1807, 10 June

|Anand Raje II Pawar
| (1782–1807)
|-
|1807, Dec
|1810
|Ramchandra Raje I Pawar
|(1807–1810)
|-
|1807, Dec
|1810
|Maina Bai (f) (regent)
|
|-
|1810
|1833, October
|Ramchandra Raje II Pawar
| (1805–1833)
|-
|1834, 21 April
|1857, 23 May
|Yeshwant Raje II Pawar
| (1823–1857)
|-
|1857, 23 May
|1858, 19 Jan
| Anand Raje III Pawar (1st time)
|(1844–1898)
|-
|1858, 19 Jan
|1860, 1 May
| ''state abolished''
|
|-
|1860, 1 May
|1898, 29 July
|Anand Raje III Pawar (2nd time)
|(1844–1898)
|-
|1898, 29 July
|1926
|Udaji Raje II Pawar "Baba Sahib"
|(1886–1926)
|-
|1926
|1931
|Laxmibai Sahiba (f) (regent)
|
|-
|1926
|1989
|Anand Raje IV Pawar
|(1920–1989)
|-
|}

===Titular Maharajas===
*2015–2023 : [[Hemendra Singh Rao Pawar]]
*2023-Present : [[Prathmeshwar Singh Rao Pawar]]

== Postal/Philatelic information ==
In 1897 primitive stamps with entirely native text. The second definitive issue bore the name '''DHAR STATE''' in Latin script; a total of 8 stamps. Since 1901 Indian stamps have been in use.{{Citation needed|date=August 2019}}

== See also ==
* [[Maratha Empire]]
* [[List of Maratha dynasties and states]]
* [[List of princely states of British India (alphabetical)]]
* [[Dewas Junior]]
* [[Dewas Senior]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Commons category-inline}}

{{Coord|22.6|N|75.3|E|region:IN_type:landmark_source:kolossus-svwiki|display=title}}

{{MP Princely States}}
{{Salute states}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Princely states of Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:1730 establishments in India]]
[[Category:1947 disestablishments in India]]
[[Category:Dhar district]]
[[Category:Former protectorates]]

Hai (film)

2026-03-03T21:58:07Z

Garrisonroofing: Created New Post And Citations

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2025}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Hai
| image = Hai 2002 poster.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Official poster
| director = [[E. V. V. Satyanarayana]]
| writer = [[Satish Vegesna]] (dialogues)
| screenplay = E. V. V. Satyanarayana
| story = E. V. V. Satyanarayana
| producer = [[D. Ramanaidu]]
| starring = {{Ubl|[[Aryan Rajesh]]|[[Nikita Thukral]]}}
| cinematography = V. Srinivasa Reddy
| editing = K. V. Krishna Reddy
| music = [[Koti (composer)|Koti]]
| studio = [[Suresh Productions]]
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2002|5|4}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Telugu
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Hai'''''{{efn|''Hai'' is the Indian pronunciation of the greeting ''Hi''.}} is a 2002 Indian Telugu-language romantic drama film directed by [[E. V. V. Satyanarayana]]. He introduces his son [[Aryan Rajesh]] and newcomer [[Nikita Thukral|Nikita]].<ref name="Idlebrain">{{Cite web|url=http://www.idlebrain.com/hai/synopsis.html|title=introducing Aryan Rajesh and Nikita|work=[[Idlebrain.com]]|access-date=2022-06-09|archive-date=2013-07-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730161029/http://www.idlebrain.com/hai/synopsis.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Plot ==
Aryan Rajesh and Priya are in love. Priya's father wants to test if Aryan Rajesh is truly in love with her.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/nikita-5-best-performances-by-the-talented-actress/photostory/80133614.cms|title=Nikita: 5 Best Performances By The Talented Actress|date=6 January 2021|work=The Times of India|access-date=9 June 2022|archive-date=31 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220131214918/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/nikita-5-best-performances-by-the-talented-actress/photostory/80133614.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Cast ==
{{Colbegin}}
*[[Aryan Rajesh]] as Aryan Rajesh
*[[Nikita Thukral|Nikita]] as Priya
*[[Prakash Raj]] as Priya's father
*[[Chandra Mohan (Telugu actor)|Chandramohan]] as Aryan's father
*[[Jayasudha]] as Aryan's mother
*[[Brahmanandam]]
*[[M. S. Narayana]]
*[[Chalapathi Rao]]
*[[Mallikarjuna Rao (actor)|Mallikarjuna Rao]]
*[[L. B. Sriram]]
*[[Shanoor Sana|Sana]] as Priya's mother
*[[Banerjee (actor)|Benarjee]]
*[[Khayyum]] as Aryan's friend
*[[Chitram Srinu]] as Aryan's friend
* Babloo as Aryan's friend
*[[Siva Reddy]]
{{Colend}}

==Production==
The film was clapped on 31 December 2001 on the night of new year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telugucinema.com/movies/news/onset.html|title=Hai welcomes new year|website=Telugu Cinema|access-date=15 September 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020606003648/http://www.telugucinema.com/movies/news/onset.html|archive-date=6 June 2002}}</ref> Newcomer [[Nikita Thukral|Nikita]] from Mumbai was signed as the heroine.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.idlebrain.com/celeb/interview/interview_nikita.html|title=Interview with Nikita by Jeevi|work=[[Idlebrain.com]]|last=Jeevi|access-date=2022-06-09|archive-date=2022-05-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220506043459/http://idlebrain.com/celeb/interview/interview_nikita.html|url-status=live}}</ref> A hotel set was erected in Dubai.<ref name="Idlebrain"/>

== Soundtrack ==
Music by [[Koti (composer)|Koti]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.idlebrain.com/hai/jukebox.html|title=Juke Box|work=[[Idlebrain.com]]|access-date=2022-06-09|archive-date=2012-12-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121230020915/http://www.idlebrain.com/hai/jukebox.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
*"Ninnu Choosina" lyrics by [[Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry]] and sung by Sandeep and [[Sujatha Mohan|Sujatha]].
*"Premalo Paddadurao" lyrics by Surendra Krishna and sung by Sri Ram Prabhu, [[Tippu (singer)|Tippu]], Koti, Murali, Kannan, and Saroja.
*"Hai Re Hai" lyrics by Surendra Krishna and sung by [[R.P. Patnaik]] and Usha.
*"Manasoorukode" lyrics by Surendra Krishna and sung by Tippu, [[Harini (singer)|Harini]].
*"Excuse Me" lyrics by Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry and sung by Devi, Sanjay Krishna Mohan, Raghu, [[Usha (Telugu singer)|Usha]], and Radhika.
*"Tante Padipoya" lyrics by [[Chandrabose (lyricist)|Chandra Bose]] and sung by [[Rajesh Krishnan|Rajesh]] and Sujatha.

== Reception ==
A critic from ''[[Sify]]'' opined that "The script and presentation are weak and even the music of Koti is disappointing. Aryan Rajesh needs to brush up his acting and to concentrate on his dancing as his movements lack grace. Nikhita looks glamorous in those skimpy clothes and has the potential to go places".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://m.sify.com/movies/hai-review-telugu-pclur3hebgjif.html|title=Hai|date=21 April 2003|work=[[Sify]]|access-date=9 June 2022|archive-date=9 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220609063620/http://m.sify.com/movies/hai-review-telugu-pclur3hebgjif.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Jeevi of ''[[Idlebrain.com]]'' wrote that "Over all it's an average film. You can watch it once at your leisure".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-hai.html|title=Movie review - Hai|work=[[Idlebrain.com]]|last=Jeevi|date=24 May 2002|access-date=9 June 2022|archive-date=24 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220424110550/http://www.idlebrain.com/movie/archive/mr-hai.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Kiran Nadella of ''Full Hyderabad'' gave the film a negative review and said that "Because every single scene save for some good sceneries will urge you to slide off your chair and smash your skull into the floor, and I bet you will enjoy it better that way".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://movies.fullhyderabad.com/hai/telugu/hai-movie-reviews-817-2.html|title=Hai Review|work=Full Hyderabad|last=Nadella|first=Kiran|access-date=2022-06-09|archive-date=2021-12-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211210104243/https://movies.fullhyderabad.com/hai/telugu/hai-movie-reviews-817-2.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ''Andhra Today'' wrote "The director has blown up a very small point in a relationship which really does not sustain to become a story for a movie and hence may not impress the audience. EVV ought to have thought of a better story for a debut movie for his son than this potential flop story. Neither the dialogue nor the treatment add anything more to the movie".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.andhratoday.com/movie/hai.htm|title=HAI|website=Andhra Today|access-date=28 December 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020615150843/http://www.andhratoday.com/movie/hai.htm|archive-date=15 June 2002}}</ref> ''Telugu Cinema'' wrote "Though it sounds interesting when read it was so pale on the screen with EVV’s style of making. EVV tried to make a youth film in his typical style including attempting his typical style of lewd comedy tracks. He failed to play the sensitive and tender emotions, a necessary ingredient in a youth love story".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telugucinema.com/movies/reviews/hai.html|title=Hai|website=Telugu Cinema|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020601150500/http://www.telugucinema.com/movies/reviews/hai.html|archive-date=1 June 2002|access-date=29 September 2025}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{E. V. V. Satyanarayana}}

[[Category:2002 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:Films directed by E. V. V. Satyanarayana]]
[[Category:Indian romantic drama films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Koti (composer)]]

Abhishek Pictures

2026-02-26T20:47:39Z

Garrisonroofing: updated details

{{short description|Indian film distribution company}}
{{Promotional|date=June 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Abhishek Pictures
| logo =
| type = [[Privately held company|Private]]
| fate = Active
| parent =
| owner = Abhishek Nama <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iqlikmovies.com/news/article/2015/11/08/new-distribution-company-abhishek-pictures/12025|title = NEW POWER IN FILM DISTRIBUTION.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/If-they-continue-to-blackmail-me-Ill-have-no-option-but-to-fight-back-Puri-Jagannadh/articleshow/51877995.cms|title=If they continue to blackmail me I'll have no option but to fight back: Puri Jagannadh.|newspaper=The Times of India }}</ref>
| foundation = 1976
| founder = Nama Madhusudhan Rao
| location_city = [[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]]
| location_country = India
| area_served = India
| key_people = Abhishek Nama
| subsid =
| industry = [[Entertainment]]
| services = [[Film production]] [[Film distribution]]
| products = ''[[Goodachari]]'' (2018)
| revenue =
| operating_income =
| website = {{URL|www.abhishekpictures.com}}
}}

'''Abhishek Pictures''' is a [[film distribution]] and [[production company]] that was founded in 1976 by Nama Madhusudhan Rao. The company distributed over 100 films across [[India]], with the majority of its catalogue being [[Hindi cinema]]. His son, Abhishek Nama, later took over the business.

In 2017, Abhishek decided to venture into film production. ''Abhishek Pictures'' produced ''[[Babu Baga Busy]]'', the remake of ''[[Hunterrr]]'' (2015), starring [[Srinivas Avasarala]].

==Distribution==

Films distributed by Abhishek Pictures include ''[[Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)|Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix]]'' , ''[[10,000 BC (film)|10,000 BC]]'' , ''[[Pyaar Ke Side Effects]]'', ''[[Men in Black 3]]'', ''[[2012 (film)|2012]]'', ''[[My Name Is Khan]]'', ''[[Dum Maaro Dum (film)|Dum Maaro Dum]]'', ''[[Kabali]]'', ''[[Srimanthudu]]''.

==Production==

''[[Babu Baga Busy]]'' was Nama's first film as a Producer. Nama went on to produce, ''[[Saakshyam]]'', ''[[Goodachari]]'', ''[[Keshava (film)|Keshava]]''. In 2022, Abhishek Pictures ventured into producing content for [[Over-the-top media service|OTT platforms]].

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Year
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Film
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Language
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Notes
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2017 || ''[[Babu Baga Busy]]'' || rowspan="10" | Telugu
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Abhishek Pictures announces five movies|url=https://archive.telugucinema.com/news/Abhishek-Pictures-announces-five-movies |website=[[Telugucinema.com]] |date=27 July 2016 |access-date=27 July 2016}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Keshava (film)|Keshava]]''
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Abhishek Nama is thriller bound |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/theatre/170120/abhishek-nama-is-thriller-bound.html/ |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |date=17 January 2020 |access-date=17 January 2020}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2"| 2018 || ''[[Saakshyam]]'' ||
|-
| ''[[Goodachari]]''
||<ref>{{Cite web |title=Abhishek Nama basking in the success of Goodachari|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/tollywood/060818/abhishek-nama-basking-in-the-success-of-goodachari.html |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |date=6 August 2018 |access-date=6 August 2018}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2023 || ''[[Ravanasura (film)|Ravanasura]]''
|
|-
| ''[[Prema Vimanam]]''
||<ref>{{Cite web |title= Finally! Delayed Telugu Film 'Prema Vimanam' OTT Release Date Out |url= https://www.binged.com/news/finally-delayed-telugu-film-prema-vimanam-ott-release-date-out/ |work=binged.com |date= 16 September 2023 |access-date=24 September 2023}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Devil: The British Secret Agent]]''
||<ref>{{Cite news |title= Nandamuri Kalyan Ram in pan-Indian period film 'Devil|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/kalyan-ram-in-pan-indian-film-devil-as-a-british-secret-agent/article35163981.ece |newspaper=The Hindu |date=6 July 2021 |access-date=6 July 2021}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2026
| {{pending film|[[G2 (film)|G2]]}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 December 2022 |title=Goodachari 2 Teaser: Adivi Sesh announces his most awaited film. All details here |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/new-updates/goodachari-2-teaser-adivi-sesh-announces-his-most-awaited-film-all-details-here/articleshow/96597832.cms |access-date=29 December 2022 |website=The Economic Times}}</ref>
|-
| {{pending film|Nagabandham}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 February 2026 |title=‘World of Nagabandham’ Teaser Out: Mahesh Babu Unveils Mythological Action Epic on Maha Shivaratri 2026 (View Post) |url=https://www.latestly.com/entertainment/south/world-of-nagabandham-teaser-out-mahesh-babu-unveils-mythological-action-epic-on-maha-shivaratri-2026-view-post-7314935.html/amp |website=Latestly |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|TBA
| {{pending film|Garuda: Chapter 1}}
|<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/tollywood/satya-dev-kranthi-bala-abhishek-nama-shri-abhishek-pictures-garuda-chapter-1-first-look-unleashed-807201 | title=Satya Dev, Kranthi Bala, Abhishek Nama, Shri Abhishek Pictures' Garuda Chapter-1 First Look Unleashed | date=4 July 2023 }}</ref>
|-
|}

==Film distribution==

===Telugu===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Year
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Film
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Region distributed
|-
||2010|| ''[[Varudu]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2010|| ''[[Gaayam 2]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2010|| ''[[Singam|Yamudu]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2011|| ''[[Veppam]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2011|| ''[[Seema Tapakai]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2012|| ''[[Ishq (2012 film)|Ishq]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2012|| ''[[Naa Ishtam]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2013|| ''[[Shadow (2013 film)|Shadow]]''|| Nizam With Suresh Movies
|-
||2013|| ''[[Singam II|Yamudu II]]''|| Nizam With Global Cinemas
|-
||2013|| ''[[Gunde Jaari Gallanthayyinde]]''|| Nizam With Global Cinemas
|-
||2013|| ''[[Attarintiki Daredi]]''|| Nizam With Global Cinemas
|-
||2014|| ''[[Heart Attack (2014 film)|Heart Attack]]''|| Nizam With Global Cinemas
|-
||2014|| ''[[Manam (film)|Manam]]''|| Nizam With Global Cinemas
|-
||2015|| ''[[Kumari 21F]]''|| Guntur, west, East, Krishna
|-
||2015|| ''[[Loafer (2015 film)|Loafer]]''|| Nellore
|-
||2015|| ''[[Rudhramadevi (film)|Rudhramadevi]]''||
|-
||2015|| ''[[Tripura (film)|Tripura]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2015|| ''[[Jadoogadu]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2015|| ''[[Srimanthudu]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2015|| ''[[Devi (2016 film)|Abhinethri]]''|| World Wide Release
|-
||2016|| ''[[Kaashmora]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2016|| ''[[Idolle Ramayana|Manauri Ramayanam]]''|| Nizam<ref>{{Cite web |title=Priyamani, Prakash Raj's first choice for his film|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/tollywood/180916/priyamani-prakash-rajs-first-choice-for-his-film.html |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |date=18 September 2016 |access-date=18 September 2016}}</ref>
|-
||2016|| ''[[Kabali]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2016|| ''[[Iru Mugan|Inkokkadu]]''||
|-
||2016|| ''[[Brahmotsavam (film)|Brahmotsavam]]''|| Nizam<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brahmotsavam makes big money|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/tollywood/020516/brahmotsavam-makes-big-money.html |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |date=2 May 2016 |access-date=2 May 2016}}</ref>
|-
||2016|| ''[[Supreme (film)|Supreme]]''|| World Wide Release
|-
||2016|| ''[[Speedunnodu]]''||
|-
||2016|| ''[[Raja Cheyyi Vesthe]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2016|| ''[[Eedo Rakam Aado Rakam]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2016|| ''[[Kalyana Vaibhogame]]''||
|-
||2016|| ''[[Krishna Gaadi Veera Prema Gaadha]]''|| Nizam, Cedded, Andhra
|-
||2016|| ''[[Nannaku Prematho]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2017|| ''[[Arjun Reddy]]''|| West Godavari
|-
||2018|| ''[[Bhairava Geetha]]''|| World Wide Release<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bhairava Geetha: An intense action drama against servitude|url=https://telanganatoday.com/bhairava-geetha-an-intense-action-drama-against-servitude |website=telanganatoday.com |access-date=13 December 2018}}</ref>
|-
||2019|| ''[[Devi 2|Abhinethri 2]]''|| World Wide Release<ref>{{Cite web |title='Abhinetri 2' sequel hints a spooky yet hilarious thriller |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/abhinetri-2-sequel-hints-a-spooky-yet-hilarious-thriller-521515 |website=hansindia.com |date=16 April 2019 |access-date=16 April 2019}}</ref>
|-
||2019|| ''[[Meeku Maathrame Cheptha]]''|| Vizag
|-
||2019|| ''[[Lakshmi's NTR]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2019|| ''[[Seven (2019 Indian film)|Seven]]''|| World Wide Release
|-
||2019|| ''[[Rakshasudu (2019 film)|Rakshasudu]]''|| World Wide Release
|-
||2019|| ''[[iSmart Shankar]]''|| Vizag, Krishna, East, Nellore, Chennai, North India
|-
||2019|| ''[[George Reddy (film)|George Reddy]]''|| World Wide Release<ref>{{Cite web |title=Abhishek Pictures owns ''George Reddy''|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/abhishek-pictures-owns-george-reddy-telugu-news-245693 |website=indiaglitz.com |date=10 October 2019 |access-date=10 October 2019}}</ref>
|-
||2020|| ''[[Pressure Cooker (2020 film)|Pressure Cooker]]''|| World Wide Release<ref>{{Cite web |title=Abhishek Pictures acquires Pressure Cooker |url=https://telanganatoday.com/abhishek-pictures-acquires-pressure-cooker|website=telanganatoday.com |access-date=30 October 2019}}</ref>
|-
||2020|| ''[[World Famous Lover]]''|| Vizag, Krishna, East, West, Guntur, Nellore<ref>{{Cite web |title=Abhishek Nama Buys World Famous Lover Andhra Rights For Fancy Price|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/tollywood/abhishek-nama-buys-world-famous-lover-andhra-rights-for-fancy-price-587353 |website=thehansindia.com |date=5 December 2019 |access-date=5 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Vijay Deverakonda just introduced the world to his romantic side in 'World Famous Lover' and it's a Valentines Day treat|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-vijay-deverakonda-just-introduced-the-world-to-his-romantic-side-in-world-famous-lover-and-it-s-a-valentines-day-treat-2805355 |website=dnaindia.com |date=12 December 2019 |access-date=12 December 2019}}</ref>
|-
|2022
|[[FIR (2022 film)]]
|
|-
|
|}

===Hollywood===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Year
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Film
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"|Region distributed
|-
||2007|| ''[[Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)|Harry potter and the order of the phoenix]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2007|| NEXT|| Nizam, cedded{{typo help inline|reason=similar to ceded|date=July 2025}}, Andhra, Maratawada
|-
||2008|| ''[[The Dark Knight]]''|| Nizam, cedded, Andhra, Maratawada
|-
||2009|| ''[[10,000 BC (film)|10,000 BC]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2009|| ''[[Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (film)|Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2009|| ''[[Underworld: Rise of the Lycans]]''|| Nizam, cedded, Andhra, Maratawada
|-
||2010|| ''[[2012 (film)|2012]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2010|| ''[[The Chronicles of Narnia (film series)|NARNIA-3]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2010|| ''[[Knight and Day]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2010|| ''[[Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2010|| ''[[Unstoppable (2010 film)|UNSTOPPABLE]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2010|| ''[[Gulliver's Travels (2010 film)|Gulliver's Travel]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2010|| ''[[127 Hours]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2010|| ''[[Alpha and Omega (film)|Alpha and Omega]]''|| World Wide Release
|-
||2011|| ''[[Rio (2011 film)|Rio]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2011|| ''[[Water for Elephants (film)|Water for Elephants]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2011|| 180|| Nizam
|-
||2011|| ''[[X-Men: First Class]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2011|| ''[[Mr. Popper's Penguins (film)|Mr. Popper's Penguins]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2011|| ''[[Planet of the Apes]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2011|| ''[[In Time]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2011|| ''[[What's Your Number?]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2011|| ''[[The Darkest Hour (film)|The Darkest Hour]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2011|| ''[[We Bought a Zoo]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2011|| MARRIGOLD|| Nizam
|-
||2011|| ''[[Alvin and the Chipmunks (film)|Alvin and the Chipmunks]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2012|| ''[[This Means War (film)|This Means War]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2012|| ''[[Ice Age: Continental Drift|Ice Age]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2012|| ''[[Chronicle (film)|Chronicle]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2012|| ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2012|| ''[[Abraham Lincoln: Vampire Hunter]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2012|| TITANIC.3D|| Nizam
|-
||2012|| ''[[Life of Pi (film)|Life of Pi]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2015|| ''[[The Descendants]]''|| Nizam
|-
||2016|| Nice 2 Meet U|| World Wide Release
|-
||2016|| ''[[The BFG (2016 film)|The BFG]]''|| Nizam
|}

===Other languages===
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%"
|- style="text-align:center;"
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Year
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;"| Film
!Language
! style="text-align:center; background:#b0c4de;" |Region distributed
!Notes
|-
||2006|| ''[[Pyaar Ke Side Effects]]''
| rowspan="17" |Hindi||Nizam
|
|-
||2007|| ''[[Anwar (2007 film)|Anwar]]''||Nizam
|
|-
||2009|| ''[[99 (2009 film)|99]]''|| Nizam, Maratawada
|
|-
||2010|| ''[[Atithi Tum Kab Jaoge?]]''||Nizam, Maratawada
|
|-
||2010|| ''[[Khichdi: The Movie]]''||Nizam
|
|-
||2010|| ''[[My Name Is Khan]]''||Nizam
|
|-
||2011|| ''[[Dum Maaro Dum (film)|Dum Maaro Dum]]''||Nizam
|
|-
||2011|| ''[[Stanley Ka Dabba]]''||Nizam
|
|-
||2011|| ''[[Force (2011 film)|Force]]''||Nizam
|
|-
||2012|| ''[[London, Paris, New York]]''||Nizam
|
|-
||2012|| ''[[Ekk Deewana Tha]]''||Nizam
|
|-
||2015|| ''[[All Is Well (2015 film)|All Is Well]]''||Nizam, Maratawada
|
|-
||2015|| ''[[Rudhramadevi (film)|Rudhramadevi ( Hindi )]]''||North India with Reliance
|
|-
||2016|| ''[[1920: London]]''||Nizam, Maratawada
|
|-
||2016|| ''[[Tere Bin Laden: Dead or Alive]]''||Nizam, Maratawada
|
|-
||2016|| ''[[Ghayal: Once Again]]''||Nizam, Maratawada
|
|-
||2016|| ''[[Wazir (film)|Wazir]]''||Nizam, Maratawada
|
|-
|2022
|[[FIR (2022 film)|''FIR'']]
|Tamil
|India
|Telugu dubbed version
|}

==References==

{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|https://www.abhishekpictures.com/}}
* {{Facebook|AbhishekPictures}}

[[Category:Film production companies based in Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Indian companies established in 1976]]
[[Category:1976 establishments in Andhra Pradesh]]

Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve

2026-02-23T15:53:20Z

Garrisonroofing: Content updated and refined

{{Short description|Tiger reserve in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{Infobox protected area
| name = Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve
| alt_name =
| iucn_category = IV
| iucn_ref =
| image = A View of Srisailam Reservoir from the backside.jpg
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Srisailam Tiger reserve sign board
| map = India Andhra Pradesh#India Telangana#India
| map_width =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| relief = yes
| mapframe = Yes
| mapframe-zoom = 8
| location = {{ubl|[[Nandyal district|Nandyal]], [[Palnadu district|Palnadu]], [[Prakasam District|Prakasam]], [[Andhra Pradesh]]|[[Mahabub Nagar district|Mahbubnagar]], [[Nalgonda district]], [[Telangana]]}}
| nearest_city =
| coordinates = {{coord|16|18|N|78|59|E|display=inline,title}}
| coords_ref =
| area_km2 = 3,728
| established = 1983
| visitation_num =
| visitation_year =
| visitation_ref =
| governing_body =
| administrator =
| operator =
| owner =
| website =
| url = [https://nstr.co.in/ nstr.co.in]
}}
'''Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve''' is the largest [[tiger reserve]] in India encompassing an area of {{cvt|3728|km2}} in five districts: [[Nandyal district|Nandyal]], [[Prakasam District|Prakasam]], [[Palnadu district|Palnadu]], [[Nalgonda District|Nalgonda]] and [[Mahabub Nagar district]]s of Andhra Pradesh.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://nstr.in/facts.php?page=facts |title=Facts & Figures of NagarjunaSagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve Atmakur Andhra Pradesh |access-date=26 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202104626/http://nstr.in/facts.php?page=facts |archive-date=2 February 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Its core area is {{cvt|1200|km2}}.<ref name=PT/>

==Geography==
[[File:NagarjunaSagarDam.JPG|thumb|Nagarjuna Sagar Dam]]
The hill ranges contain a number of plateaus including [[Amrabad]], Srisailam, Peddacheruvu, Sivapuram, and Nekkanti. Nagarjunasagar receives rains from the [[southwest monsoon]], which is active from the second half of June to the end of September. The [[Krishna River]] cuts its basin almost {{cvt|200|m}} deep over a distance of {{cvt|130|km}} through the reserve. There are several waterfalls in the reserve such as the [[Ethipothala Falls]], Pedda Dukudu, Gundam and Chaleswaram.<ref name=PT>{{cite web |title=Nagarjunasagar Tiger Reserve |url=http://projecttiger.nic.in/nagarjunasagar.htm |work=Reserve Guide – Project Tiger Reserves in India |author=National Tiger Conservation Authority |publisher=Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111230052649/http://projecttiger.nic.in/nagarjunasagar.htm |archive-date=30 December 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

This reserve is located between longitude: 78°30' to 79°28' east and latitude: 15°53' to 16°43' north. Elevation varies from {{cvt|100|to|917|m}}.{{cn|date=June 2025}}
Average annual rainfall is {{cvt|1000|mm}}.{{cn|date=June 2025}}

==History==
This area contains several rock shelters and cave temples including: [[Srisailam#Akka Mahadevi caves|Akka Mahadevi Bhilam]], Dattatreya Bhilam, Umaa Maheswaram, Kadalivanam, and Palankasari.<ref name="PT"/><ref name="siasat">{{cite news |title=Mahboob Ali Khan's palace in Srisailam Tigers' Reserves neglected |url=http://www.siasat.com/english/news/mahboob-ali-khan%E2%80%99s-palace-srisailam-tigers%E2%80%99-reserves-neglected|newspaper=[[Siasat Daily]]|date=30 June 2013 |access-date=30 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703045612/http://www.siasat.com/english/news/mahboob-ali-khan%E2%80%99s-palace-srisailam-tigers%E2%80%99-reserves-neglected|archive-date=3 July 2013|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="PT93">
{{cite web|url=http://envfor.nic.in/pt/status93/nagarjun.html|title=Nagarjunasagar – Srisailam Tiger Reserve|author=National Tiger Conservation Authority |year=1993|work=PT status '93|publisher=Ministry of Environment and Forests, Govt. of India|location=Bikaner House, Shahjahan Road, New Delhi|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120123114849/http://envfor.nic.in/pt/status93/nagarjun.html|archive-date=23 January 2012|access-date=2012-02-10}}</ref>

==Flora==
The main types of forest [[biome]]s in the reserve are: [[Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests|southern tropical dry mixed deciduous forest]], ''[[Hardwickia]]'' forest and [[Deccan thorn scrub forests]] with much ''[[Euphorbia]]'' scrub. Important plant species here are: ''[[Anogeissus latifolia]]'' (axlewood), ''[[Fish toxins#Example plants|Cleisthanthus collinus]]'' (odcha), ''[[Terminalia (plant)|Terminalia]]'' spp., ''[[Pterocarpus marsupium]]'', ''[[Hardwickia binata]]'' (anjan tree), ''[[Boswellia serrata]]'' (Indian [[frankincense]] or salai), ''[[Tectona grandis]]'' (teak), ''[[Mundulea sericea]]'' and ''[[Albizia]]'' spp. (silkplants).<ref name="PT"/>

==Fauna==
[[File:Indian Spotted deer.jpg|thumb|Spotted deer in Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve, Telangana]]
The main [[mammal]]s in the reserve are: [[Bengal tiger]], [[Indian leopard]], [[sloth bear]], [[dhole]], [[Indian pangolin]], [[chital]], [[sambar deer]], [[chevrotain]], [[blackbuck]], [[chinkara]] and [[chowsingha]]. Lesser fauna include [[mugger crocodile]], [[Indian python]], [[Indian cobra]], [[Ptyas mucosa|rat snake]], [[Bengal monitor]], [[Indian star tortoise]] and [[Indian peafowl]].<ref name="PT"/>

==Economic valuation of ecosystem services==
In a study (conducted during 2016–2019) that ascertained the economic value of the [[ecosystem service]]s provided free of cost by the 'Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve', it was found that the economic value of 'Regulating Services' (such as carbon sequestration, water provisioning and purification, soil conservation, nutrient retention, pollination, climate regulation, gene pool protection, waste assimilation, etc.) amounted to Rs 16,041.15 crore per year. 'Provisioning Services' amounted to Rs 766.99 million per year, while 'Cultural Services' and 'Supporting Services' amounted to Rs 17.40 million per year and Rs 818.11 million per year respectively.<ref>{{Cite web| title=Economic valuation of tiger reserves in India: A Value+ approach | url=https://ntca.gov.in/assets/uploads/Reports/EconEval/Economic_evaluation_phaseII.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827024218/https://ntca.gov.in/assets/uploads/Reports/EconEval/Economic_evaluation_phaseII.pdf | archive-date=2021-08-27}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==

{{Tiger Reserves of India}}
{{Eastern Ghats}}
{{Wildlife sanctuaries of Andhra Pradesh}}{{Protected areas of Andhra Pradesh}}{{Protected areas in Telangana}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Tiger reserves of India]]
[[Category:Wildlife sanctuaries in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Wildlife sanctuaries of Telangana]]
[[Category:Eastern Ghats]]
[[Category:Central Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests]]
[[Category:1983 establishments in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Protected areas established in 1983]]

Anil Kumar Verma

2026-02-22T00:17:48Z

Garrisonroofing: New Bio...

{{Short description|Indian politician from Uttar Pradesh}}
{{BLP no footnotes|date=January 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2024}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Anil Kumar Verma
| honorific_suffix = Member of the [[Uttar Pradesh legislative assembly]]
| education = Graduate
| occupation = Politician
| party = [[Samajwadi Party]]
}}

'''Anil Kumar Verma''' is an Indian politician of the [[Samajwadi Party]]. He is a member of the [[18th Uttar Pradesh Assembly]], representing the '''[[Laharpur Assembly constituency]]'''.

== References ==

# "[https://uplegisassembly.gov.in/Members/main_members_en.aspx uplegisassembly Members main members]" ''Uplegissembly'' Retrieved. 5 January 2023.
# "[https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2022/uttar-pradesh/anil-kumar-verma-laharpur-candidate-s24a148c01/ News18 Assembly Elections 2022 Uttar Pradesh Anil Kumar Verma Laharpur]" ''News18''. Retrieved. 5 January 2023.
# "[https://ourneta.com/neta/anil-verma/ Ourneta Neta Anil Verma]" ''Our.Neta'' Retrieved 5 January 2023.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Verma, Anil Kumar}}
[[Category:Samajwadi Party politicians from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 2022–2027]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]

{{UttarPradesh-SP-politician-stub}}

Bank Janardhan

2026-02-09T23:32:24Z

Garrisonroofing: Revised content for better accuracy

{{Short description|Indian actor (1949–2025)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Bank Janardhan
| occupation = {{hlist|Actor}}
| years_active = 1985–2024
| image = {{CSS image crop |Image = Bank-Janardhan.jpg |bSize =
200 |cWidth = 200 |cHeight = 270 |oTop = 45 |oBottom = 0 |oLeft = 0 |Location=center }}
| birth_name = Janardhan Rao Chauhan
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1949|3|2|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Holalkere]], [[Chitradurga district]], [[Mysore State]], [[Dominion of India|India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2025|4|13|1949|3|2|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Bangaluru]], Karnataka, India
| othername =
| resting_place = [[Hebbal, Bengaluru]], Karnataka
}}

'''Janardhan Rao''' (2 March 1949 – 13 April 2025), known by his stage name '''Bank Janardhan''', was an Indian actor in the [[Kannada film industry]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/guruprasads-first-kannada-release-agni-mushti-471613.html |title=Guruprasad's first Kannada release-'Agni Mushti' |publisher=news18.com |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180609094726/https://www.news18.com/news/india/guruprasads-first-kannada-release-agni-mushti-471613.html |archivedate=9 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/man-who-gave-kannada-films-an-edge-dies/articleshow/62559359.cms |title=Man who gave Kannada films an edge dies |publisher=bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180119023950/http://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/man-who-gave-kannada-films-an-edge-dies/articleshow/62559359.cms |archivedate=19 January 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rF8ABAAAQBAJ&q=bank+janardhan+kannada+actor&pg=RA2-PA1858 |title=Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema |isbn=9781135943257 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180609094725/https://books.google.com/books?id=rF8ABAAAQBAJ&pg=RA2-PA1858&lpg=RA2-PA1858&dq=bank+janardhan+kannada+actor&source=bl&ots=UshRwI33Um&sig=K55UiXla8r4zx-U_JkIK6de9IR0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi6tavdpcbbAhVEKo8KHcOcAyk4HhDoAQhZMAk#v=onepage&q=bank%20janardhan%20kannada%20actor&f=false |archivedate=9 June 2018 |last1=Rajadhyaksha |first1=Ashish |last2=Willemen |first2=Paul |date=10 July 2014 |publisher=Routledge }}</ref> He was well-known for his comedy and drama roles in various Kannada films and television series. Some of the notable films of Janardhan as an actor include ''[[News (film)|News]]'' (2005), ''[[Shhh! (film)|Shhh!]]'' (1993) and ''[[Tharle Nan Maga]]'' (1992). He acted in Kannada television serials such as ''Papa Pandu''.<ref>{{cite web |author1=Grace Cyril |title=Veteran Kannada Actor Bank Janardhan Passes Away At 75 |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/veteran-kannada-actor-bank-janardhan-passes-away-at-75-ws-l-9297773.html |website=News18 |access-date=14 April 2025 |language=en-In}}</ref> Janardhan died after a long illness in [[Bangaluru]], Karnataka, on 13 April 2025, at the age of 76.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/veteran-kannada-actor-bank-janardhan-passes-away-at-74-after-prolonged-illness/articleshow/120270402.cms Veteran Kannada actor Bank Janardhan passes away at 74 after prolonged illness]</ref>

==Partial filmography==
''Source''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.etvbharat.com/kn/!entertainment/veteran-actor-bank-janardhan-passes-away-celebrities-and-politicians-condoles-karnataka-news-kas25041401293|title=ಬ್ಯಾಂಕ್ ಜನಾರ್ಧನ್ ನಿಧನಕ್ಕೆ ಹೆಚ್‌ಡಿಕೆ, ಬೊಮ್ಮಾಯಿ, ಉಪೇಂದ್ರ ಸೇರಿ ಗಣ್ಯರ ಸಂತಾಪ|trans-title=HDK, Bommai, Upendra, and other dignitaries mourn the death of Bank Janardhan|work=[[ETV Network|ETV Bharat]]|language=kn|date=14 April 2025|access-date=7 September 2025}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 100%;"
! Year !! Films
! Role
! Notes
|-
|1985
|''[[Pithamaha]]''
|
|
|-
|1986
|''Bettada Thayi''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |1987
|''Thaliya Aane''
|
|
|-
|''Bazar Bheema''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |1988
|''Thayigobba Karna''
|
|
|-
|''Praja Prabhuthva''
|
|
|-
|''[[Jana Nayaka|Jaya Nayaka]]''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |1989
|''Raja Yuvaraja''
|
|
|-
|''Jockey''
|
|
|-
|''[[Doctor Krishna]]''
|
|
|-
|''Deva''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |1990
|''Tiger Gangu''
|
|
|-
|''Rudra Thandava''
|
|
|-
|''[[Ramarajyadalli Rakshasaru]]''
|
|
|-
|''[[Policena Hendthi]]''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |1991
| ''[[Ajagajantara]]''
|
|
|-
| ''[[Gauri Ganesha]]''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="5" | 1992
|''[[Tharle Nan Maga]]''
| Parandamaiah Urbagal
|
|-
|''[[Bombat Hendthi]]''
|
|
|-
|''[[Belliyappa Bangarappa]]''
|
|
|-
|''[[Ganesha Subramanya]]''
|
|
|-
|''[[Bharjari Gandu]]''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1993
|''[[Shhh! (Kannada film)|Shhh!]]''
|
|
|-
|''[[Rupayi Raja]]''
|
|
|-
| 1995
|''[[Aata Hudugata]]''
|Mohan
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 1997
|''[[Cheluva]]''
|
|
|-
|''Lady Commissioner''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="3" | 1998
|''[[Kowrava]]''
|
|
|-
|''Bhama Sathyabhama''
|
|
|-
| ''[[Karnataka Police (film)|Karnataka Police]]''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2"|1999 || ''[[Aryabhata (film)|Aryabhata]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Rambhe Urvashi Menake]]'' || ||
|-
| rowspan="3"|2000 || ''[[Hats Off India]]'' || ||
|-
|''[[Astra (2000 film)|Astra]]''
|
|
|-
|''Khiladi''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2001
|''[[Jipuna Nanna Ganda]]''
|
|
|-
|''Shivappanayaka''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |2002
|''[[Olu Saar Bari Olu]]'' || Houseowner
|
|-
|''[[H2O (2002 film)|H2O]]''
|
|
|-
|''[[Balagalittu Olage Baa]]''
|
|
|-
|''[[Makeup (2002 film)|Makeup]]''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2003
|''[[Thayi Illada Thabbali]] ''
|
|
|-
|''[[Raktha Kanneeru]]''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="8" |2004
|''[[Super Aliya]]''
|
|
|-
|''Ajju''
|
|
|-
|''Agodella Olledakke''
|
|
|-
| ''[[Swetha Naagu]]''
|
|
|-
|''Hasige Iddashtu Kalu Chachu''
|
|
|-
|''Nija''
|
|
|-
|''[[Ranga SSLC]]''
|
|
|-
|''Aha Nanna Tangi Madhve''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="6" | 2005
|''[[Mr. Bakra]]''
|
|
|-
|''Ugra Narasimha''
|
|
|-
|''[[Kashi from Village]]''
|
|
|-
|''Nanna Love Madthiya''
|
|
|-
|''[[News (film)|News]]''
|
|
|-
|''Moorkha''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2"|2006
|''[[7 O' Clock]]''
| Train Ticket Collector
|
|-
|''[[Chellata (film)|Chellata]]'' || Ramprasad
|
|-
| rowspan="5" | 2007
| ''[[Soundarya (film)|Soundarya]]''
|
|
|-
|''[[Maathaad Maathaadu Mallige]]''
|
|
|-
|''Hettare Hennane Herabeku''
|
|
|-
|''[[Ekadantha]]''
|
|
|-
|''Circle Rowdy''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2008
|''Kodagana Koli Nungitha ''
|
|
|-
|''[[Navashakthi Vaibhava]]''
|
|
|-
| ''Birse''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="6"|2009
|''[[KA-99 B-333]]''
|
|
|-
|''Minchu''
|
|
|-
|''[[Nannedeya Haadu]]''
|
|
|-
|''Bettadapurada Ditta Makkalu''
|
|
|-
|''[[Gilli (film)|Gilli]]''
|
|
|-
|''10th Class A Sec''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="17" | 2010
|''[[Preethiya Theru]]''
|
|
|-
|''[[Crazy Kutumba]]''
|
|
|-
|''Kiladi Krishna''
|
|
|-
| ''[[Kutti Pisasu|Bombat Car]]'' || Waiter ||
|-
|''Nooru Janmaku''
|
|
|-
| ''Idre Gopi Bidre Papi''
|
|
|-
|''Banni''
|
|
|-
|''Chandulli Cheluve''
|
|
|-
|''[[Lift Kodla]]''
|
|
|-
|''Vichitra Premi''
|
|
|-
|''Nannavanu''
|
|
|-
|''[[Naa Rani Nee Maharani]]''
|
|
|-
|''Holi''
|
|
|-
|''[[Aithalakkadi]]''
|
|
|-
|''[[Parole (2010 film)|Parole]]''
|
|
|-
|''Preethi Andre Ishtena''
|
|
|-
|''Narada Vijaya''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="8" | 2011
|''[[Shravana (film)|Shravana]]''
|
|
|-
|''[[9 to 12]]''
|
|
|-
|''[[5 Idiots]]''
|
|
|-
|''Olavina Gelathi''
|
|
|-
|''Kadhimaru''
|
|
|-
|''Dudde Doddappa''
|
|
|-
| ''[[Achchu Mechchu]]''
|
|
|-
|''Engagement''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="5" | 2012
|''[[Tuglak]]''
|
|
|-
|''Love College''
|
|
|-
|''Namma Kalyani''
|
|
|-
|''Chitranna''
|
|
|-
|''Gagan Sakhi''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2013
| ''Devarane''
|
|
|-
| ''Sri Amareshwara Mahatme''
|
|
|-
| ''[[Benki Birugali (2013 film)|Benki Birugali]]''
|
|
|-
| rowspan="5" | 2014
| ''Dosthi''
|
|
|-
| ''Kalyanamasthu''
|
|
|-
| ''Billion Dollar Baby''
|
|
|-
| ''Gandhiji Kanasu''
|
|
|-
| ''[[Power (2014 Kannada film)|Power]]''
|
|
|-
| 2016
| ''[[Kotigobba 2]]''
|
|
|-
|2017
|''[[Once More Kaurava]]''
|
|
|-
|2022
| ''[[Mata (2022 film)|Mata]]''
|
|
|-
| 2023
| ''[[Undenama]]''
|
|
|-
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|India|Bollywood}}
* [[List of people from Karnataka]]
* [[Kannada cinema|Cinema of Karnataka]]
* [[List of Indian film actors]]
* [[Cinema of India]]
{{clear}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|1682769|Bank Janardhan}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111008063406/http://popcorn.oneindia.in/artist-filmography/3662/1/bank-janardhan.html Bank Janardhan Filmography]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Janardhan, Bank}}
[[Category:1949 births]]
[[Category:2025 deaths]]
[[Category:Male actors in Kannada cinema]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Indian male television actors]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Male actors in Telugu cinema]]

{{India-screen-actor-stub}}

M. Srisha

2026-02-08T11:59:56Z

Garrisonroofing: Improved article clarity and structure

{{Short description|Tamil playback singer}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{more footnotes needed|date=August 2019}}{{BLP sources|date=August 2019}}
{{Undisclosed paid|date=January 2021}}
{{Orphan|date=August 2021}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name = M. Srisha
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| occupation = [[Rifle shooting]], [[Playback singer]]
| mother = Manimekalai Mohan
| father = Mohandoss
| spouse = Nitin Jey (husband)

}}

'''M. Srisha''' is an Indian [[Tamils|Tamil]] [[playback singer]] and a state level [[shooting sports|shooting]] champion. She hails from [[Coimbatore]], [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/music/singer-srisha-says-as-she-continues-to-make-independent-music-albums/article22443282.ece|title='Life is a song'|last=Jeshi|first=K.|date=2018-01-15|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-04-24|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Srisha started training for vocals at an early age of 8 and studied at SSVM institute. She got a chance to release her first album with music compose Dhina and launched multiple albums.

== Career ==
Srisha launched her first album - ''Puthiya Bharathi -'' at the age of 15 which was based on the poems of [[Subramania Bharati|Subramania Bharathi]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/spotlight/An-ode-to-Bharathiyar/articleshow/18609705.cms|title=An ode to Bharathiyar - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=22 February 2013 |language=en|access-date=2019-04-24}}</ref> She further launched her second album Ashtmala and then third one named ''Srigadipen,'' in which she collaborated with singer-composer Srinivas.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/girl-on-song/article6402298.ece|title=Girl on song|date=2014-09-12|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-04-24|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Her latest album is ''Aruyire'' where she has collaborated with lyricist Madhan Karky and musician Dharan Kumar. At the same time, Srisha practices shooting and won numerous awards. She decided to switch to peep sight and is preparing for [[Olympic Games|Olympics]].<ref name=":0" />

== Awards and recognition ==

* Gold medal and winning the Tamil Nadu State Shooting Championship at [[Madurai]]
* State record in the Sub Junior & Women category.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-in-school/excellence-is-second-nature-to-her/article4450413.ece|title=Excellence is second nature to her|last=Ramamurthi|first=Prakash|date=2013-02-25|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-04-24|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
* Gold in the 10m open sight air rifle in the 16{+t}{+h} at All India Kumar Surendra Singh inter-school shooting championship, Pune<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/srisha-shoots-her-way-to-gold-and-glory/article18730182.ece|title=Srisha shoots her way to gold and glory|last=Rozario|first=Rayan|date=2012-11-29|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-04-24|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Srisha, M.}}
[[Category:Tamil-language playback singers]]
[[Category:University of British Columbia people]]
[[Category:Indian female sport shooters]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women singers]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Nagpur Assembly constituency

2026-02-08T06:12:14Z

Garrisonroofing: done

{{Short description|Constituency of the Maharashtra legislative assembly in India}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Nagpur
| type= SLA
| state = Maharashtra
| established = 1955 <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.eci.gov.in/146-archive-delimitation-orders |title= Archive Delimitation Orders - Final Order DC (1953-1955) |access-date=31 January 2026 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]}}</ref>
| abolished = 1964 <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.eci.gov.in/146-archive-delimitation-orders |title= Archive Delimitation Orders - Delimitation Commission (1964) |access-date=31 January 2026 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]}}</ref>
| electors = 66,600
| mla = Shusilabai Balraj
| party = {{Party index link|Indian National Congress}}
| constituency_no =
| latest_election_year = [[1962 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
| district =
| loksabha_cons =
| reservation = SC
}}

'''Nagpur Assembly constituency '''was an assembly constituency in the [[India]] [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Maharashtra]].

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
| rowspan=2| [[1957 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election|1957]] || Bardhan Ardhendubhushan Hemendra Kumar || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}
|-
| Shambharkar Punjabrao Hukam (Sc) || {{Full party name with color|Scheduled Castes Federation}}
|-
| [[1962 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|1962]] || Shusilabai Balraj || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|}

==Election results==
===Assembly Election 1962===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1962 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Nagpur<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1962 to the Legislative Assembly of Maharashtra |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Maharastra_1962.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117085627/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Maharastra_1962.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Shusilabai Balraj |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 12,859 |percentage = 29.58% |change={{increase}}8.91 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ardhendu Bhushan Hemendra Kumar Bardhan |party=Communist Party of India |votes = 12,701 |percentage = 29.22% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Govind Gopal Bhambulkar |party=Independent politician |votes = 11,059 |percentage = 25.44% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Sumati Balkrishna Suklikar |party=Bharatiya Jana Sangh |votes = 6,385 |percentage = 14.69% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Vijayakant Mukundrao Fulzele |party=Independent politician |votes = 313 |percentage = 0.72% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 158 |percentage = 0.36% |change= {{decrease}}0.27 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 45,000 |percentage = 67.57% |change= {{decrease}}52.10 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 43,473}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 66,600|ref = |change= {{decrease}}31.56 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Indian National Congress |loser = Independent politician |swing= {{increase}}6.72 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1957===
{{Election box begin|title = [[1957 Bombay State Legislative Assembly election]] : Nagpur<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1957 to the Legislative Assembly of Bombay |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Bombay_1957.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114093455/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Bombay_1957.pdf|archive-date=14 January 2012|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Bardhan Ardhendubhushan Hemendra Kumar |party=Independent politician |votes = 26,616 |percentage = 22.86% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=Shambharkar Punjabrao Hukam (Sc) |party=Scheduled Castes Federation |votes = 25,878 |percentage = 22.22% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Borkar Anusayabai W/O Bhaurao (Sc) |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 24,073 |percentage = 20.67% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Gawande Wamanrao Govindrao |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 24,012 |percentage = 20.62% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Awari Manchearsha Rusramji |party=Praja Socialist Party |votes = 11,822 |percentage = 10.15% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Changole Vinayak Jagannath (Sc) |party=Independent politician |votes = 2,427 |percentage = 2.08% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Nagabai W/O Kesheao Alias Chintaman (Sc) |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,619 |percentage = 1.39% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 738 |percentage = 0.63% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 1,16,447 |percentage = 119.66% |change= }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 1,16,447}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 97,312|ref = |change= }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner = Independent politician |loser = |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Maharashtra}}

{{coord missing|Maharashtra}}

[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Maharashtra]]

{{Maharashtra-geo-stub}}

Attapady Kurumba language

2026-02-07T10:51:30Z

Garrisonroofing: improved article

{{Short description|Southern Dravidian language of India}}
{{distinguish|Kurumba language}}
{{Infobox language
|name=Attapady Kurumba
|nativename={{lang|pkr|അട്ടപ്പാടി കുറുംബ}}
|states=[[India]]
|ethnicity=
|speakers={{sigfig|1370|2}}
|date=1991 census
|ref=e18
|familycolor=Dravidian
| fam2 = Southern
| fam3 = [[South Dravidian languages|Southern I]]
| fam4 = Tamil–[[Kannada dialects|Kannada]]
| fam5 = Tamil–[[Kota language (India)|Kota]]
| fam6 = Tamil–[[Toda language|Toda]]
| fam7 = Tamil–Irula
| fam8 = Irula–Muduga
| fam9 = [[Muduga language|Muduga]]–Palu
|script= [[Malayalam script]]
|iso3=pkr
|glotto=atta1243
|glottorefname=Attapady Kurumba
}}
'''Attapady Kurumba''' ({{ipa|pkr|ɐʈːɐpːaːɖi kurum(b)ɐ|ipa}}), also called '''Pal Kurumba''' or '''Palu Kurumba''', is an unclassified [[Southern Dravidian languages|Southern Dravidian language]] spoken by a [[Scheduled tribe]] of [[India]]. It shows only approximately 50% [[lexical similarity]] with the other South Dravidian languages named [[Kurumba language|Kurumba]], but up to 82% with [[Muduga language|Muduga]] and 52% with Kannada Kurumba; Attapady Kurumba, [[Muduga language|Muduga]], and [[Irula language|Irula]] each use their mother tongue when speaking to each other. Thudukki variety of Attapady Kurumba is reportedly most pure.<ref name="e18" />

==References==
{{reflist}}

== Further reading ==
* {{cite book |title=Descriptive Grammar of Muduga and Kurumba |first1=S. K. |last1=Shyam |first2=P.N. |last2=Ravindran |first3=C.G. |last3=Syama |location=Calicut |publisher=KIRTADS (Kerala Institute for Research Training & Development studies) |date=2017 |pages=107–308 (Kurumba language) |url=https://repository.tribal.gov.in/handle/123456789/74679?viewItem=search&cat_handle=123456789/73706}}
* {{cite book |title=Pālu-Kuṟumba: Grammatik, Textproben und Wörterbuch |volume=30 |series=Beiträge zur Kenntnis südasiatischer Sprachen und Literaturen |issn=0948-2806 |first=Dieter B. |last=Kapp |publisher=Harrassowitz Verlag |date=2019 |isbn=9783447112444 |lang=DE}}

{{Dravidian languages |state=autocollapse}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Dravidian languages]]

{{dr-lang-stub}}

Sona Roder Gaan

2026-02-05T18:15:17Z

Garrisonroofing: adding initial stub basic info

{{Short description|2022 Indian television series}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2022}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Sona Roder Gaan Poster.jpg
| image_alt =
| alt_name =
| genre = [[Family]] [[Romance film|Romance]]
| creator =
| based_on =
| developer = [[Magic Moments Motion Pictures]]
| writer = [[Leena Gangopadhyay]]<ref name=":5" />
| screenplay =
| story = Leena Gangopadhyay
| opentheme = ''Sona Roder Gaan''' by [[Anweshaa]]<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Singer Anweshaa Datta Gupta croons the title track of ‘Sona Roder Gaan’ - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/bengali/singer-anweshaa-dattagupta-croons-the-title-track-of-sona-roder-gaan/articleshow/88539871.cms|access-date=2022-02-22|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
| director =
| creative_director =
| starring = {{ubl|[[Payel De]]|[[Rishi Kaushik]]|Shoumo Banerjee}}
| theme_music_composer =
| music =
| country = India
| language = Bengali
| num_seasons =
| num_episodes = 306
| executive_producer =
| producer =
| location = [[Kolkata]]
| cinematography =
| editor =
| camera = [[Multi-camera]]
| runtime = 22 minutes
| company =
| network = [[Colors Bangla]]
| first_aired = {{start date|df=y|2022|1|24}}
| last_aired = {{end date|df=y|2022|11|27}}
| endtheme =
}}

'''''Sona Roder Gaan''''' is a Bengali daily soap which aired on [[Colors Bangla]] from 24 January 2022. It stars [[Payel De]] and [[Rishi Kaushik]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Actress Payel De on her character in 'Sona Roder Gaan': Anandi is full of life - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/bengali/actress-payel-de-on-her-character-in-sona-roder-gaan-anandi-is-full-of-life/articleshow/89012635.cms|access-date=2022-02-14|website=The Times of India}}</ref> It is the remake of [[Colors TV]]'s ''[[Thodasa Badal Thodasa Paani]]''.

== Plot ==
Anandi is a responsible girl who lives in a joint family with her parents and other family members. She is set to marry her love interest Bikram.<ref>{{Cite web|title=TV show 'Sona Roder Gaan' set for a major twist - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/bengali/tv-show-sona-roder-gaan-set-for-a-major-twist/articleshow/89447097.cms|access-date=2022-02-22|website=The Times of India}}</ref> Bikram's family demand dowry from Anandi's father Bishwanath. Biswanath takes a loan to pay dowry and when Anandi discovers this, she refuses to marry. Later, on Biswanath's persuasion, she agrees to the marriage. Meanwhile, Anandi meets Dr. Anubhab, who is Bikram's cousin and also Biswanath's doctor. Anubhab helps Anandi every time. Anandi suspects that Bikram is having an affair with his sister-in-law Shreya.

Biswanath dies on the wedding day due to stress and Anandi breaks her marriage with Bikram. Anandi's mother and sister blame Anandi for Biswanath's death. To help her family and to pay off debt, Anandi starts work. Meanwhile, Anubhav falls in love with Anandi. Bikram lures Nanda into his fake love to take revenge on Anandi. Nanda marries Bikram despite Anandi's warning. Shreya starts creating trouble for Nanda. Meanwhile, Anubhab's friend Diya, who is in love with Anubhab, gets jealous of Anandi. Diya creates misunderstanding in Anandi and Anubhav's relationship but it eventually improves anyway.

Meanwhile, Anandi's brother Apu falls in love with Bikram's sister, Bulti, but no one agrees to their relationship, but Anandi gets them married. Anubhab meets with an accident and becomes disabled, Anandi helps him.

== Cast ==
=== Main ===
* [[Payel De]] as Anandi Mukherjee – Rudrani, Chandrani and Nandini's elder sister, Anubhab's love interest, Vikram's ex-fiancée
* [[Rishi Kaushik]] as Dr. Anubhab Maitra – Anandi's love interest, Diya's obsession
* Shoumo Banerjee as Vikram Chatterjee – Anandi's ex-boyfriend, Shreya's lover, Nanda's husband

=== Recurring ===
* [[Sohini Sengupta]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=পায়েলের মা হয়ে ফিরছে পুটু পিসি |url=https://eisamay.com/entertainment/tv-news/payel-de-sohini-sengupta-starrer-sona-roder-gaan-will-be-starting-from-january/articleshow/88298965.cms |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=EI Samay |language=bn}}</ref> as Chandana Mukherjee – Anandi, Nanda, Chandra and Jhilik's mother
* Bhaskar Banerjee<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-14 |title=সম্পর্কের টানাপোড়েনের গল্প নিয়ে আসছে ‘সোনা রোদের গান’, মুখ্য চরিত্রে পায়েল-ঋষি |url=https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/pictures/sona-roder-gaan-starring-payal-rishi-in-lead-role-upcoming-serial-on-colors-bangla-31639475304951.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211214150428/https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/pictures/sona-roder-gaan-starring-payal-rishi-in-lead-role-upcoming-serial-on-colors-bangla-31639475304951.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 December 2021 |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=Hindustan Times |language=bn}}</ref> as Bishwanath Mukherjee – Anandi, Nanda, Chandra and Jhilik's father
* Tanushree Goswami as Rajeswari Chatterjee - Vikram's mother
* Anindo Sarkar as Vikram's father
* Riya Roy / Nishantika Das as Chandrani Mukherjee aka Chandra– Anandi's younger sister
* Srijani Mitra as Brishti
* Poulomi Das / Sudipta Banerjee as Dr. Diya Lahiri – Anubhab's obsessive lover
* Rajshree Bhowmik as Bina Lahiri– Diya's mother
* Ananya Chattopadhyay as Pishimoni
* Suranjana Roy as Nandini Mukherjee aka Nanda – Anandi's younger sister
* Diyettima Ganguly as Rudrani Mukherjee aka Jhilik– Anandi's younger sister
* Sudip Sarkar
* Debarati Paul
* Rumpa Chatterjee
* [[Sudeshna Roy]]
* Aarush Dey

== Adaptations ==
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
!style="background:LightSteelBlue;"| Language
!style="background:LightSteelBlue;"| Title
!style="background:LightSteelBlue;"| Original Release
!style="background:LightSteelBlue;"| Network(s)
!style="background:LightSteelBlue;"| Last aired
!style="background:LightSteelBlue;"| Notes
|-
| [[Hindi]]
| ''[[Thodasa Badal Thodasa Paani]]'' ''थोडासा बादल थोडासा पानी''
| 23 August 2021
| [[Colors TV]]
| 4 March 2022
| Original
|-
| [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| ''Sona Roder Gaan'' ''সোনা রোদের গান''
| 24 January 2022
| [[Colors Bangla]]
| 27 November 2022
| Remake
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Magic Moments Motion Pictures}}
{{Organinc Studios}}

[[Category:Bengali-language television programming in India]]
[[Category:2022 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:Television shows set in Kolkata]]
[[Category:Colors Bangla original programming]]
[[Category:2022 Indian television series endings]]

Arthur Edwin Kennelly

2026-01-29T19:14:58Z

Garrisonroofing: New New Entry...

{{Short description|American electrical engineer and mathematician (1861–1939)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2012}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Arthur Kennelly
| image = Arthur Edwin Kennelly.png
| caption = Kennelly in 1915
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1861|12|17|mf=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Colaba]], [[Bombay Presidency]], [[British Raj]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1939|06|18|1861|12|17|mf=yes}}
| death_place = [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], US
| education = [[University College School]]
| known_for = {{Plain list|
* [[Kennelly–Heaviside layer]]
* [[Electrical impedance]]
}}
| awards = {{Plain list|
* [[Howard N. Potts Medal]] (1918)
* [[IRE Medal of Honor]] (1932)
* [[AIEE Edison Medal]] (1933)
}}
| fields = {{Plain list|
* [[Electrical engineering]]
* [[Mathematics]]
}}
| work_institutions = {{Plain list|
* [[Thomas Edison National Historical Park|West Orange Laboratory]]
* [[Harvard University]]
* [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]
}}
| notable_students = {{Plain list|
* [[Vannevar Bush]]
* [[Edith Clarke]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Arthur Edwin Kennelly - Physics Tree|url=https://academictree.org/physics/peopleinfo.php?pid=115516|website=academictree.org|access-date=2025-10-08}}</ref>
}}
| signature = Signature of Arthur Edwin Kennelly (1861–1939).png
}}

'''Arthur Edwin Kennelly''' (December 17, 1861 – June 18, 1939) was an American [[electrical engineer]] and [[mathematician]].

== Biography ==
=== Early life ===
Arthur Edwin Kennelly was born on December 17, 1861, in [[Colaba]], India, the son of Irish naval officer Captain David Joseph Kennelly (1831–1907) and Catherine Gibson Heycock (1839–1863). His mother died when he was one or two years old.<ref>Born December 1861 he was probably only 1 (of may be 2) years old when his mother died.</ref>

In 1863, his father retired from the [[Royal Indian Navy|Navy]] and later Arthur and his father returned to England, where he was educated at [[University College School]] in London. In 1878, his father married Ellen L. Spencer and moved the family to [[Sydney, Nova Scotia]], where he took over the [[Sydney and Louisburg Railway|Sydney and Louisbourg Coal and Railway Company Limited]]. By his father's third marriage, Arthur gained four half siblings, Zaida Kennelly in 1881, David J. Kennelly Jr. in 1882, Nell K. Kennelly in 1883, and Spencer M. Kennelly in 1885.

=== Career and research ===
Kennelly joined [[Thomas Edison]]'s West Orange Laboratory in December 1887, staying until March 1894. While there, he had a role in the [[war of currents]], assisting anti-[[alternating current]] crusader [[Harold P. Brown]] in developing a demonstration to show how alternating current was more dangerous than [[direct current]] as well as a further test to determine the type of electricity that should be used in the [[electric chair]], convincing officials that it should be alternating current.<ref>Mark Essig, ''Edison and the Electric Chair: A Story of Light and Death'', Bloomsbury Publishing USA - 2009, pages 152-155</ref><ref>Moran, Richard. ''Executioner's Current. Thomas Edison, George Westinghouse and the Invention of the Electric Chair''. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 2002, p. 94.</ref>

Kennelly then formed a consulting firm in electrical engineering with [[Edwin Houston]]. Together they wrote ''Alternating Electric Currents'' (1895), ''Electrical Engineering leaflets'' (1896), and ''Electric arc lighting'' (1902). In 1893, during his research in electrical engineering, he presented a paper on [[Electrical impedance|impedance]] to the [[American Institute of Electrical Engineers]] (AIEE). He researched the use of [[complex number]]s as applied to [[Ohm's law]] in [[alternating current]] [[circuit theory]]. In 1902, he investigated the electrical properties of the upper atmosphere's [[radio spectrum]], resulting in the concept of the [[Kennelly–Heaviside layer]]. The same year, he was given the entire engineering charge of the expedition which laid Mexican submarine cables on the route Vera Cruz–Frontera–Campeche. He also served as inspector for the Mexican Government during the manufacture of the cable. He was a professor of electrical engineering at [[Harvard University]] (1902–1930) and jointly at the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] (1913–1924). One of his students at MIT was [[Vannevar Bush]].

In 1911 and 1912, Kennelly advanced applied mathematics by communicating the theory of the [[hyperbolic angle]] and [[hyperbolic functions]], first in a course at the [[University of London]] and then in a published book.

[[File:1922 A E Kennelly.jpg|thumb|[[Autochrome Lumière|Autochrome]] portrait by [[The Archives of the Planet|Auguste Léon]], 1922]]

Kennelly was an active participant in professional organizations such as the Society for the Promotion of the Metric System of Weights and Measures, the Illuminating Engineering Society and the US National Committee of the International Electrotechnical Commission, and also served as the president of both the AIEE and the [[Institute of Radio Engineers]] (IRE) during 1898–1900 and 1916, respectively.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ieeeghn.org/wiki/index.php/Arthur_E._Kennelly |title=Arthur E. Kennelly |work=IEEE Global History Network |publisher=IEEE |access-date=August 8, 2011}}</ref> He was an Invited Speaker of the [[International Congress of Mathematicians|ICM]] in 1924 at Toronto.<ref>{{cite book|author=Kennelly, Arthur E.|year=1928|chapter=Hyperbolic-function series of integral numbers and the occasions for their occurrence in electrical engineering|title=''In:'' Proceedings of the International Mathematical Congress held in Toronto, August 11-16, 1924|publisher=University of Toronto Press|pages=441–460|volume=2|chapter-url=http://www.mathunion.org/ICM/ICM1924.2/Main/icm1924.2.0441.0460.ocr.pdf|access-date=November 27, 2017|archive-date=December 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201035459/http://www.mathunion.org/ICM/ICM1924.2/Main/icm1924.2.0441.0460.ocr.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

While Kennelly himself does not appear to have been a significant athlete, he applied his engineering expertise to his avocation: analyzing endurance sports records of horses and humans. He noticed that time vs. distance plots of such sports records formed nearly a straight line when plotted on log-log graph paper. Kennelly thus preceded by 75 years [[Peter Riegel]], who also—apparently independently—noticed this same power law, called by Riegel the "endurance equation". Due to the relatively crude (by today's standards) data available, Kennelly's "Law of Fatigue" utilized the same exponent 9/8 = 1.125 for all of his datasets, whereas Riegel noticed that these exponents differed by sport and by individual.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Kennelly, Arthur E.|year=1906|title=An Approximate Law of Fatigue in the Speeds of Racing Animals|journal=[[Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences]]|pages=275–331|volume=42|issue=15|jstor=20022230|doi=10.2307/20022230}}</ref>

Kennelly died on June 18, 1939, in [[Boston, Massachusetts]], at the age of 77.<ref>{{cite news |title= A. E. Kennelly Dies; Ex-aide of Edison; Taught Electrical Engineering at Harvard, 1902–1930, and at M.I.T. From 1913–1924 Edison Gold Medal Award to Him in 1933—Co-Discoverer of 'Heaviside Layer' Early Aide to Edison Honored by Many Societies |url= http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F00716F83B5C1B7B93CBA8178DD85F4D8385F9 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date= June 19, 1939 |page= 15 |access-date= January 14, 2011 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>

== Awards ==
Kennelly received awards from many organizations, including the [[Institution of Electrical Engineers|IEE]] Institution Premium (1887), the [[Edward Longstreth Medal]] (1917), and the [[Howard N. Potts Medal]] (1918).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fi.edu/winners/show_results.faw?gs=&ln=Kennelly&fn=&keyword=&subject=&award=&sy=&ey=&name=Submit |title=Franklin Laureate Database – A. E. Kennelly |publisher=[[Franklin Institute]] |access-date={{Format date|2011|11|21}} }}{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> In 1932, he was awarded the IRE Medal of Honor (now the [[IEEE Medal of Honor]]) "for his studies of [[radio propagation]] phenomena and his contributions to the theory and measurement methods in the [[alternating current]] circuit field which now have extensive radio application". The following year, he received the AIEE Edison Medal (now the [[IEEE Edison Medal]]) "for meritorious achievements in electrical science, electrical engineering and the electrical arts as exemplified by his contributions to the theory of electrical transmission and to the development of international electrical standards".

Kennelly was elected to the [[American Philosophical Society]] in 1896,<ref>{{Cite web |title=APS Member History |url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Arthur+E.+Kennelly&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced |access-date=2024-03-07 |website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref> the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] in 1905,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-09 |title=Arthur Edwin Kennelly {{!}} American Academy of Arts and Sciences |url=https://www.amacad.org/person/arthur-edwin-kennelly |access-date=2024-03-07 |website=www.amacad.org |language=en}}</ref> and the [[National Academy of Sciences]] in 1921.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arthur Kennelly |url=https://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/deceased-members/20001121.html |access-date=2024-03-07 |website=www.nasonline.org}}</ref>

== Works ==
* See [[Edwin J. Houston#Works by Houston .26 Kennelly|Edwin Houston]] for the works co-authored with him.

=== Books ===
* 1890: (with Henry David Wilkinson) [https://archive.org/details/practicalnotesfo00kennrich Practical notes for electrical students] (London: "The Electrician" Prtg. & Pub. Co.)
* 1896: (with H.D. Wilkinson) [https://books.google.com/books?id=K_kOAAAAYAAJ Electricity in Electro-Therapeutics] via [[Google Books]]
* 1912: [https://archive.org/details/applicationofhyp00kennrich The application of hyperbolic functions to electrical engineering problems; being the subject of a course of lectures delivered before the University of London in May and June 1911] (London: University of London Press)
* 1913: [https://archive.org/details/wirelesstelegrap00kennrich Wireless telegraphy and wireless telephony an elementary treatise] (New York: Moffat, Yard & Co.)
* 1917: [https://archive.org/details/artificialelect00kenngoog Artificial Electric Lines: Their Theory, Mode of Construction and Uses] (New York: McGraw-Hill)
* 1928: Vestiges of Pre-metric Weights and Measures Persisting in Metric-system Europe 1926-1927 (New York: The Macmillan Company)

=== Patents ===
* {{US patent|479167}} — "Electric meter"
* {{US patent|500236}} — "Electrostatic voltmeter"

== References ==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

== External links ==
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Arthur E. Kennelly}}
* Katz, Eugenii,{{cite web|url=http://geocities.com/neveyaakov/electro_science/kennelly.html |title=Arthur Edwin Kennelly |access-date=November 10, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091027123107/http://geocities.com/neveyaakov/electro_science/kennelly.html |archive-date=October 27, 2009 |df=mdy }} . Biographies of Famous Electrochemists and Physicists Contributed to Understanding of Electricity, Biosensors & Bioelectronics.
* [http://www.j3ea.org/articles/j3ea/full/2006/01/j3ea06058/j3ea06058_fichiers/image053.jpg Photo of Arthur E. Kennelly]
* [http://www.atlantic-cable.com/Cables/1902Mexico/index.htm A. E. Kennelly and the 1902 Vera Cruz-Frontera-Campeche Cable]
*[http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/kennelly-arthur.pdf National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir]

{{IEEE Edison Medal Laureates 1926-1950}}
{{IEEE Medal of Honor Laureates 1926-1950}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kennelly, Arthur Edwin}}
[[Category:1861 births]]
[[Category:1939 deaths]]
[[Category:American electrical engineers]]
[[Category:Harvard University faculty]]
[[Category:British emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:IEEE Medal of Honor recipients]]
[[Category:Edison Pioneers]]
[[Category:People educated at University College School]]
[[Category:IEEE Edison Medal recipients]]
[[Category:Howard N. Potts Medal recipients]]
[[Category:British people in British India]]
[[Category:People from Bombay Presidency]]
[[Category:Members of the American Philosophical Society]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Institute of Radio Engineers]]

Abirami Antati

2026-01-21T16:13:41Z

Garrisonroofing:

{{Short description|Tamil collection of poems}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}
[[File:Abirami_Ma.jpg|thumb|Abirami Antati was composed in praise of the goddess [[Parvati]], whose name is Abirami at [[Amritaghateswarar-Abirami Temple, Thirukkadaiyur|Thirukkadavur Sivan Temple]].]]
{{Hindu scriptures}}
'''Abirami Antati''' ({{langx|ta|அபிராமி அந்தாதி|translit=Apirāmi Antāti}}) is a [[Tamil language|Tamil]] collection of poems sung on goddess [[Parvati|Abirami]], a deity venerated in [[Amritaghateswarar-Abirami Temple, Thirukkadaiyur|Thirukkadaiyur Amirtaghatesvarar Sivan Temple]], situated in [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]. This poetry was composed by [[Abirami Pattar|Abirami Bhattar]] (His birth name was Subramanyam Iyer) who lived during the 18th century CE, a contemporary to [[Serfoji I]] of [[Tanjore]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Abirami Anthadhi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y750cWcGdAoC|publisher=Bharathi Puthakalayam|id=GGKEY:U14F6GRRXST}}</ref>

==Etymology==
{{Saktism}}
[[Antati]] ({{langx|ta|அந்தாதி}}, Antāti) is a classification of [[Tamil poetry]] in which last word of a previous verse comes as the first word of next verse. Thus this kind of poem gots its name, Antam (அந்தம், the end) + āti (ஆதி, the beginning) = Antāti. Since this antati was sung in praise of the goddess Abirami of [[Thirukkadaiyur|Thirukkadavur]], [[Tamil Nadu]], it is known as Abirami Antati. Although Tamil literature consists of hundreds of Antati songs, Abirami Antati is praised as one of the prominent Antati songs of Tamil literature.<ref name="SkodaNielsen2013">{{cite book|author1=Uwe Skoda|author2=Kenneth Bo Nielsen|author3=Marianne Qvortrup Fibiger|title=Navigating Social Exclusion and Inclusion in Contemporary India and Beyond: Structures, Agents, Practices|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9IeiVd2FK_AC&pg=PA67|date=1 June 2013|publisher=Anthem Press|isbn=978-0-85728-322-1|pages=55–67}}</ref>

==Legend==
{{Main|Abirami Pattar}}
It is said that the author of this song, Abirami Bhattar, was an ardent devotee of goddess [[Shakti]]. Once, when the king [[Serfoji I]] visited the Thirukkadavur temple on the day of the new moon and asked him what day it is, he said that it was a [[Purnima|full moon day]] - because he was at that moment observing the religious rite known as the Tithi Nitya Aradhana in the Sri Chakra Navavarana krama and was worshipping the goddess as Pournami Tithi. The king was not aware of this rite, provoking his fury and causing him to sentence Bhattar to death. Legend says that the author sung this antati until the goddess appeared in front of him and threw her earring towards the sky, which lit the sky bright like the full moon. Tamil [[Saktism|Shaktas]] believe that recitation of Abirami Antati on the full moon and new moon days would result in impossible boons.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/moviedetail.asp?mid=td01110 |title=Movie detail |access-date=10 July 2014 |archive-date=14 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714163651/http://www.raaga.com/channels/tamil/moviedetail.asp?mid=td01110 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Stanzas ==
There are a hundred stanzas plus a ''காப்பு'' (Kāppu, protection) verse for [[Ganesha]] and a final ''பயன்'' (Payaṉ, outcome), thus a total of 102 stanzas that are included in Abirami Antati. The author praises Abirami as his own mother, regrets his mistakes, speaks of the divine play of his mother and his father, [[Shiva]], and her simplicity and mercy. It is believed that recitation of each stanza results in the specific achievement of the devotees. Here is one of the famous stanzas of the Abirami Antati:

{{cquote|" மணியே, மணியின் ஒளியே, ஒளிரும் அணி புனைந்த 
அணியே, அணியும் அணிக்கு அழகே, அணுகாதவர்க்குப் 
பிணியே, பிணிக்கு மருந்தே, அமரர் பெரு விருந்தே. 
பணியேன், ஒருவரை நின் பத்ம பாதம் பணிந்தபின்னே." - செய்யுள் 24}}

{{cquote|''" Maṇiyē, maṇiyiṉ oḷiyē, oḷirum aṇi puṉainta ''
''aṇiyē, aṇiyum aṇikku aḻakē, aṇukātavarkkup ''
''piṇiyē, piṇikku maruntē, amarar peru viruntē.- ''
''Paṇiyēṉ, oruvarai niṉ patma pātam paṇintapiṉṉē."'' - stanza 24}}

Pearl like you are, You who are the reddish aura of the pearl! You are like the pearl studded chain who adds beauty to the chain, You are pain to those who do not fall at your feet while the panacea for pains of those who fall at your feet, the nectar of Gods, After worshipping at thine lotus feet, Will I bow before any other, Now and now after.<ref>[http://www.appusami.com/HTML/htmlv101/main/abirami_anthathi%20english.asp Abhirami Anthadhi English Meaning]</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MiUcb2kDR5o&list=PLrDHFXR22SMFn4YbhGRJzrzPNpDSvp_zn Easy explanation of Abirami anthathi in Tamil ]
* [http://www.appusami.com/HTML/htmlv101/main/abirami_anthathi%20english.asp English Translation of Abirami Antati verses]
* [https://www.advaita-vedanta.org/texts/Sri.Abhirami.Antadi.English-Tamil.pdf Tamil Stanzasand English meaning]
* [https://sanskritmantras.blogspot.com/2011/01/abirami-andhathi-lyrics-english.html Abirami Antati Transliteration]

[[Category:Shaktism]]
[[Category:Tamil-language literature]]
[[Category:Tamil Hindu literature]]
[[Category:Carnatic music]]
{{Shaktism|state=expanded}}

Narkedimilli

2026-01-18T23:03:34Z

Garrisonroofing: quick update

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Narkedimilli
| settlement_type = [[Village]]
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Andhra Pradesh#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Andhra Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{Coord|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Konaseema district|Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Konaseema]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name="census">{{cite web|title=District Census Handbook – East Godavari|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2814_PART_B_DCHB_EAST%20GODAVARI.pdf|website=Census of India|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner|accessdate=17 May 2016|pages=16,414}}</ref>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 4.97
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 3446
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name=population>{{cite web|title=Census 2011|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=626826|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|accessdate=17 November 2014}}</ref>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 533235
| registration_plate =
| website =
| footnotes =
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 14
}}
'''Narkedimilli''' is a village in [[Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Konaseema district]] of the [[Indian state]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]]. It is located in [[Atreyapuram Mandal]] of [[Amalapuram revenue division]].<ref name="census" /> Agriculture is the main source of income as it is located beside Godavari. Paddy is the main crop, followed by sugarcane and bananas.

== Population ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background-color:#FFD700" | Population Census
!! style="background-color:#FFD700" | Total Population
!! style="background-color:#FFD700" | Total Male
!! style="background-color:#FFD700" | Total Female
!! style="background-color:#FFD700" | Total Number of Houses
|-
| valign="top" | 2011 <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/PopulationFinder/Sub_Districts_Master.aspx?state_code=28&district_code=14 |title=Census of India: Sub-District Details |access-date=5 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140719052907/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/PopulationFinder/Sub_Districts_Master.aspx?state_code=28&district_code=14 |archive-date=19 July 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| valign="top" | 3446
| valign="top" | 1761
| valign="top" | 1685
| valign="top" | 1100
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in Atreyapuram mandal]]
{{Konaseema-geo-stub}}

Karlapalem mandal

2026-01-10T22:54:48Z

Garrisonroofing: Created The Info And Citations

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Karlapalem mandal
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = te
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[Mandal]]
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Andhra Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Andhra Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|15.943|N|80.536|E|display=inline,title|region:IN_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Bapatla district|Bapatla]]
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Karlapalem]]
| parts_type = [[Administrative divisions of India|Major villages]]
| parts_style = para
| parts =
| leader_title = [[Tehsildar]]
| leader_name =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 105.08
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 50320
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code =
| registration_plate =
| website =
| footnotes =
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-point = none
}}

'''Karlapalem''' is a [[mandal]] in the [[Bapatla district]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bapatla.ap.gov.in/tehsil/ |title=Bapatla district - Mandals |access-date= 2 June 2023}}</ref> in the [[Coastal Andhra]] region of [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[India]]. Its headquarters are in [[Karlapalem]].

==Demographics==

{{bar box
|title=Religions in Karlapalem mandal (2011)<ref name="religion">{{Cite web|date=2011|title=Population by Religion - Andhra Pradesh|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11363/download/14476/DDW28C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=left
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|90.54}}
{{bar percent|[[Andhra Muslims|Islam]]|green|6.88}}
{{bar percent|[[Telugu Christians|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|2.29}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.29}}
|caption=Distribution of religions
}}

As of 2011 census, the mandal had a population of 50,320 in 14,361 households. The total population constitutes
25,232 males and 25,088 females — a sex ratio of 994 females per 1000 males. 4,684 children are in the age group of 0–6 years, of which 2,401 are boys and 2,283 are girls — a sex ratio of 951 per 1000. The average literacy rate stands at 60.68% with 27,692 literates. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 8,499 (16.89%) and 3,309 (6.58%) of the population respectively.<ref name="demographics">{{cite web |title=District Census Hand Book – Guntur |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/146/download/234/DH_2011_2817_PART_A_DCHB_GUNTUR.pdf|website=[[Census of India]] |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Karlapalem mandal (2011)<ref name="language"/>
|thumb = left
|label1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]] |value1 = 94.00 |color1 = steelblue
|label2 = [[Urdu]] |value2 = 5.83 |color2 = green
|label3 = Others |value3 = 0.17 |color3 = grey
}}

At the time of the 2011 census, 94.00% of the population spoke [[Telugu language|Telugu]] and 5.83% [[Urdu]] as their first language.<ref name="language">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Andhra Pradesh |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10193/download/13305/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-2800.XLSX |website=[[Census of India]] |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Bapatla district}}
[[Category:Mandals in Bapatla district]]

Satya Deo Singh

2025-11-30T11:37:11Z

Garrisonroofing: update layout for clarity

{{Short description|Indian politician (1945–2020)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Satya Deo Singh
| birth_name =
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1945|02|27|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Calcutta]], [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal Province]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|2020|12|17|1945|2|27|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Gurugram]], [[Haryana]], [[India]]
| residence = [[Gonda district|Bargaon Gonda]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| constituency1 = [[Gonda (Lok Sabha constituency)|Gonda]]
| term_start1 = 1977
| term_end1 = 1980
| predecessor1 = [[Anand Singh (Uttar Pradesh politician)|Anand Singh]]
| successor1 = [[Anand Singh (Uttar Pradesh politician)|Anand Singh]]
| nationality = [[India]]n
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| religion =
| otherparty =
| spouse = Late Saroj Rani
| children = 5
| father =
| education = B.Sc.
| alma_mater = [[Bareilly College]]
| profession = Agriculturist and Businessman
| website =
| footnotes =
| date = |
| year = |
| source = [http://loksabhaph.nic.in/writereaddata/biodata_1_12/2602.htm Biographical Sketch]
| constituency = [[Balrampur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Balrampur]]
| office = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Lok Sabha]]
| predecessor = [[Fasi-ur-Rehman Munnan Khan]]
| successor = [[Rizwan Zaheer]]
| termstart = 1991
| termend = 1998
| office2 = 2nd [[Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha|President of Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha]]
| predecessor2 = [[Kalraj Mishra]]
| successor2 = [[Pramod Mahajan]]
| termend2 = 1986
| termstart2 = 1980
}}
'''Satya Deo Singh''' (27 February 1945 – 17 December 2020)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/news-former-bjp-mp-satyadev-singh-dies-of-cardiac-arrest-after-hearing-of-wife-s-death-2862473|title=Senior BJP leader and former Gonda MP Satyadev Singh passes away|date=17 December 2020|website=DNA India}}</ref> was an Indian politician.

==Personal life==
Singh is married to Saroj Rani, with whom he has two sons and three daughters. The youngest son, Vaibhav Singh, is national general secretary of BJYM.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://bjym.org/team/sh-vaibhav-singh/ | title=Sh. Vaibhav Singh - BJYM | date=19 September 2021 }}</ref>

==Career==
Satya Deo Singh started his political career with Jansangh. He was first elected to Lok Sabha in 1977. As Jansangh morphed into Bhartiya Janata Party, he became National President of Bhartiya Janata Yuva Morcha in 1980. He was reelected to Lok Sabha in 1991 and 1996.

==Death==
He died from a [[cardiac arrest]] and [[COVID-19]] during the [[COVID-19 pandemic in India]].<ref>[https://www.dnaindia.com/india/news-former-bjp-mp-satyadev-singh-dies-of-cardiac-arrest-after-hearing-of-wife-s-death-2862473 Senior BJP leader and former Gonda MP Satyadev Singh passes away]</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Singh, Satya Deo}}
[[Category:1945 births]]
[[Category:2020 deaths]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:People from Gonda, Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:India MPs 1991–1996]]
[[Category:India MPs 1996–1997]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Jana Sangh politicians]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in India]]

{{UttarPradesh-BJP-politician-stub}}

Jain festivals

2025-10-30T20:02:25Z

Garrisonroofing: Created First Stub With Sources

{{Short description|Religious festivals}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Jainism}}
Jain [[festival]]s occur on designated days of the year. '''Jain festivals''' are either related to life events of [[Tirthankara]] or they are performed with intention of purification of soul.

==Festivals==
There are many religious festivals in [[Jainism]]. Some of them are associated with five auspicious life events of [[Tirthankara]] known as [[Panch Kalyanaka]].<ref name=nsdh>{{harvnb|Shah|1998|pp=203–205}}</ref> Jains celebrate many annual festivals. Many of the major festivals in Jainism fall in and around the ''chaomasa'' (Sanskrit: ''chaturmasa'') period of the calendar.{{sfn|Cort|2001a|pp=146–147}} It is the four-month monsoon period when the Jain ascetics are mandated to remain in residence at one place in the Jain tradition, rather than be traveling or going around Indian villages and towns and never staying in one place for more than a month. The ''chomasa'' period allows the four orders of the Jain community to be together and participate in the festive remembrances.{{cn|date=April 2020}}
===Paryushana===
{{main|Paryushana}}
{{See|Kshamavani|Samvatsari}}
''[[Paryushana]] Parva'' is one of the most important festival for Jains. Paryusana is formed by two words meaning 'a year' and 'a coming back'. This festival comes in the months of Shravana and Bhadra (August or September). [[Śvetāmbara]] Jains celebrate it for eight-days while [[Digambara]] Jains celebrate it for ten days and their first day coincides with the eight day of Svetambara Jains. Digambara Paryushana Parva is commonly known as ''Das Lakshana Parva''. It is a festival of repentance and forgiveness. Many Jains [[Fasting in Jainism|fast]] and carry out different religious activities. [[Jain monks]] stop walking during [[Chaturmas#Jainism|chaturmas]] and reside at one place where they lecture on various religious subjects during paryushana. This festival is believed to remove accumulated karma of the previous year and develop control over new accumulating new karma, by following Jain austerities and other rituals. There are regular rituals at the Jain temples. Discourses of [[Kalpasutra (Jain)|Kalpa Sutra]] are given by monks. [[Kalpasutra (Jain)|Kalpa Sutra]] describes life of [[Mahavira]] and other [[Tirthankara]]s. On the third day, procession of Kalpa Sutra is carried out. On the fifth day, auspicious dreams of [[Trishala]], mother of Mahavira are demonstrated and after that birth of [[Mahavira]] is celebrated. The tenth day of festival is called Anant Chaturdashi. Anant Chaturdashi is the day when Lord [[Vasupujya]] attained moksha (nirvan). Usually, a procession is taken out by Jains on this day. Kshamavani is generally observed a day after Anant Chaturdashi by digambaras, while the shwetambaras observe it after the 8th ie the last day of their paryushan.(last day is called samvatsari)
On Kshamavani, Jains ask for forgiveness from everybody for any acts during the previous year which may have hurt them.
=== Janma kalayanak===
{{main|Mahavir Janma Kalyanak}}
[[File:Om Hrim Siddhi Chakra.jpg|thumb|300px|Om Hrim Siddhi Chakra used by Jains in dravya puja]]
[[Mahavira]] was born on the thirteenth day of the bright half of the [[Jain calendar]] month of Chaitra, probably 599 BCE. It falls in March or April. This festival marks the birth of lord Mahavira (last, 24th tirtankara). Procession is carried out and lectures on the message of [[Mahavira]] are presented. The idols of Mahavira are ceremonially bathed and rocked in a [[Bassinet|cradle]]. Events related to birth are also recited from sacred texts by monks.<ref name="nsdh" />
===Akshaya Tritiya===
{{main|Akshaya Tritiya}}
In [[Jainism]], [[Akshaya Tritiya]] is an important festival as it commemorates the first [[Tirthankara]], [[Rishabhanatha]], ending his 400-day-long fast by consuming sugarcane juice poured into his cupped hands. [[Śvetāmbara]] Jains perform a similar fast (but consume food on alternate days) that lasts 400 days. This practice is popularly known as ''Varshitapa''.<ref name="Melton2011p18" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Prakash ‘Babloo’ |first=Dr Ravi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MIdCEAAAQBAJ&dq=varshitap&pg=PA232 |title=Indian Philosophy and Religion |date=2021-09-11 |publisher=K.K. Publications |language=en}}</ref> [[Rishabhanatha]] renounced worldly pleasures and turned into a monk. Thereafter, he fasted for 400 days (as per the [[Śvetāmbara]] tradition) or six months (as per the Digambara tradition). He did not accept food from lay followers as every time he was given food, it was not 'free of faults' as it should be for a Jain monk to accept. The 42 faults that food given to a Jain monk may have are discussed at length in the ancient [[Śvetāmbara]] text [[Ācārāṅga Sūtra]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jaina Sutras, Part I (SBE22): Âkârâṅga Sûtra: Book II, Lecture 1, Lesson 1 |url=https://sacred-texts.com/jai/sbe22/sbe2247.htm#page_88 |access-date=2024-06-01 |website=sacred-texts.com}}</ref>
===Ashtahnika Parv===
This is a Jain festival celebrated for eight days three times a year in the months of Kartik, Falgun and Ashdah. It is celebrated from eighth day of Shukla Paksh (Waxing moon Cycle) till Purnima/Guru Purnima every year.{{sfn|Cort|2010|p=86}}
===Nandishwar Ashtahnika===
The Nandishwara island is surrounded by three mountain ranges called the Anjana mountain, the Dadhimukha mountain, and the Ratikara mountain. Since human beings are unable to go to Nandishwar dweep they worship in temples.{{sfn|Cort|2010|p=86}} Jains Perform Special Pooja, SiddhChakra Vidhan, Nandishwar Vidhan and Mandal Vidhan..

The word Ashta meaning eight and Aanika meaning every day. When the festival falls in the months of Aashad and Phalguna, then the ritual is known as Nandishwar Ashtahnika. This ritual helps to gain greater spiritual insight, and wisdom. The observance of this ritual brings wish fulfilment for the devotees.
===Diwali===
{{Main|Diwali (Jainism)}}
Diwali is one of the most important festival in [[India]]. Mahavir attained [[Nirvana (Jainism)|nirvana]] followed by [[Moksa (Jainism)|moksha]] on this day in 527 BCE. It falls on the last day of Ashvina month of [[Jain calendar]]. It is also the last day of [[Bikram Samwat|Indian calendar]]. It comes during October or November. It is believed that the eighteen kings of northern India, followers of [[Mahavira]], decided to light lamps (known as ''dipa'') symbolizing knowledge of [[Mahavira]]. So it is known as Deepavali or Diwali. Jains are forbidden to burst crackers.<ref name=nsdi>{{harvnb|Shah|1998|pp=209–210}}</ref> On Diwali morning, Nirvan Ladoo is offered after praying to Lord Mahavira in all Jain temples all across the world. Gautam Gandhar Swami, the chief disciple of Lord Mahavira achieved omniscience (Kevala Gyan) later the same day.
===New Year===
After celebrating Diwali at the end of Ashwina, Jains celebrate new year on the first day of the following month of [[Kartika (month)|Kartika]]. Ritual of ''Snatra Puja'' is performed at the temple. [[Mahavira]]'s chief disciple [[Indrabhuti Gautama|Gautama Swami]] attained [[Kevala Jnana|keval gyan]] on this day.<ref>{{Cite book |chapter=New Year's Day (Jain) |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lD_2J7W_2hQC&pg=PA635 |page=635 |title=Religious Celebrations: An Encyclopedia of Holidays, Festivals, Solemn Observances, and Spiritual Commemorations |year=2011 |isbn=9781598842067 |author=J. Gordon Melton | publisher=Abc-Clio }}</ref>
===Gyana Panchami===
The fifth day of Kartika is known as Gyana Panchami. It is considered knowledge day. On this day holy scriptures are displayed and worshipped. On this day, people sometimes bow down to books and pencils
===Pausha Dashmi===
It is celebrated on 10th day of dark half of Pausha (Pushya) month of [[Jain calendar]](December/January). It marks [[Panch Kalyanaka|Janma Kalyanaka]] (Birth) of 23rd [[Tirthankara]] [[Parshvanatha]]. Three days fast known as ''Attham'' is observed by many Jains.{{Sfn|Holt|2019|p=260}}
===Maun agiyaras ===
Maun Agiyaras or Ekadashi marks Kalyanaka of 150 Tirthankaras. It is celebrated on 11th day of Magshar month of [[Jain calendar]] (October/November). On this day, complete silence is observed and fasting is kept. Meditation is also performed.

===Navapad Oli===
The nine-day ''Oli'' is a period of semi-fasting. During these period Jains take only one meal a day of food without ghee etc., oils, or any kind of spices. It comes twice a year during March/April and September/October.
===Mahamastakabhisheka===
{{Main|Mahamastakabhisheka}}
[[File:Shravanbelgola Gomateshvara head and torso.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Gommateshvara [[Bahubali]], [[Mahamastakabhisheka]] festival, 2006]]
''[[Mahamastakabhisheka]]'' is a festival held once every twelve years in the town of [[Shravanabelagola]], [[Karnataka]]. It is held in veneration of an immense 18 meter high statue of [[Bahubali]]. The last anointing took place in February 2018, and the next ceremony will occur in 2030.<ref name=toi>{{cite news|last=Correspondent|first=TNN|title=Mahamastakabhisheka of Bahubali begins today|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Mahamastakabhisheka-of-Bahubali-begins-today/articleshow/1405368.cms|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126045715/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2006-02-08/india/27796348_1_bahubali-mahamastakabhisheka-shravanabelagola|url-status=live|archive-date=26 January 2013|access-date=19 December 2012|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=8 February 2006}}</ref>
===Roth Teej===
Roth Teej is celebrated on Bhadrapada Shukla Tritiya. On Roth Teej, the Jains are supposed to eat only one type of grain food, roth, once during the day. The festival is a reminder that material wealth is not important, only relinquishment leads to true happiness.
===Shrut Panchami===
Shrut Panchami is celebrated by Jains every year in the month of May commemorating Acharya Pushpadanta and Bhutabali.{{sfn|Dundas|2002|p=65}}
===Kartika Purnima===
[[Kartika Purnima]] is an important religious day for [[Jainism|Jains]] who celebrate it by visiting [[Palitana]], a Jain pilgrimage centre.<ref name=palitana>{{cite news|work=[[The Times of India]] | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/rajkot/Pilgrims-flock-Palitana-for-Kartik-Poornima-yatra-/articleshow/5190238.cms| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121025064717/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-11-02/rajkot/28091395_1_devotees-palitana-jain| url-status=live| archive-date=2012-10-25|title=Pilgrims flock Palitana for Kartik Poornima yatra |date=2009-11-02|access-date= 2009-11-03}}</ref> Thousands of Jain pilgrims flock to the foothills of [[Shatrunjaya|Shatrunjay hills]] of Palitana taluka on the day of Kartika Purnima to undertake the auspicious yatra (journey). Also known as the Shri Shantrunjay Teerth Yatra, this walk is an important religious event in the life of a Jain devotee, who covers 216 km of rough mountainous terrain on foot to worship at the Adinath temple atop the hill.<ref name=g/> The day of Kartika Purnima is very significant in Jainism.Jains believe that Adinath, the first [[tirthankara]], sanctified the hills by visiting it to deliver his first sermon. According to [[Jain texts]], millions of sadhus and Sadhvis have attained salvation on these hills.<ref name=palitana />

==See also==
* [[God in Jainism]]
* [[Kshamavani]]
* [[Jain cosmology]]

==References==
===Citations===
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

===Sources===
* {{citation |last=Cort |first=John E. |title=Jains in the World : Religious Values and Ideology in India |url={{Google books|PZk-4HOMzsoC|page=|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=2001a |isbn=978-0-19-513234-2 }}
* {{citation |last=Cort |first=John E. |title=Framing the Jina: Narratives of Icons and Idols in Jain History |url={{Google books|MDBpq23-0QoC|page=86|plainurl=yes}} |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-19-538502-1 }}
* {{citation |last=Dundas |first=Paul |author-link=Paul Dundas |title=The Jains |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jdjNkZoGFCgC |publisher=[[Routledge]] |date=2002 |edition=Second |isbn=0-415-26606-8 |orig-year=1992 }}
*{{Citation |last=Shah |first=Natubhai |title=Jainism: The World of Conquerors |volume=1 |publisher=Sussex Academic Press |isbn=9781898723301 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EmVzvUzbwegC&pg=PA169 |pages=169–218 |year=1998 }}
*{{Citation |last=Jaini |first=Padmanabh S. |title=The Jaina Path of Purification |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |isbn=9788120815780 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wE6v6ahxHi8C&pg=PA343 |pages=188–240 |year=1998 }}
* {{citation |last=Holt |first=James D. | author-link1=James Holt (scholar) |title=Beyond the Big Six Religions |url={{Google books|GdLIDwAAQBAJ|page=260|keywords=|text=|plainurl=yes}} |publisher=[[University of Chester]] |date=2019 |isbn=9781908258984 }}

{{Jainism topics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jain Rituals And Festivals}}
[[Category:Jain festivals| ]]
[[Category:Lists of religious festivals]]

Charu Chandra Bhandari

2025-10-18T22:56:04Z

Garrisonroofing: Minor edits and structural improvements

{{short description|Indian Independence activist and politician (1896-1985)}}
{{EngvarB|date=July 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Charuchandra Bhandari
| image = Charu_Bhandari.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = A bust statue of Charuchandra Bhandari in Diamond Harbour municipality
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth_date |df=yes|1896|10|19}}
| birth_place = [[Diamond Harbour]], [[24 Parganas]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{death_date and age|df=yes|1985|06|24|1896|10|19}}
| death_place = [[Diamond Harbour]], [[South 24 Parganas]]
| occupation = [[Lawyer]], Independence activist, Politician
| years_active =
| height =
| spouse = [[Pravanalini Bhandari]]
| children =
| parents =
| website =
}}
'''Charu Chandra Bhandari''' (19 October 1896 – 24 June 1985) was a independence activist, [[Lawyer]], [[Gandhians|Gandhian]] and a leader of the [[Sarvodaya Movement]]. He was the chief propagator of the Sarvodaya movement in [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal]] as a close associate of Acharya [[Vinoba Bhave]] and took an active part in the [[Bhoodan movement]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Sengupta |first=Subodh |title=Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan |publisher=Sahitya Samsad |year=2016 |location=Kolkata |pages=218, 267 |language=Bengali}}</ref>

==Birth and early life==
Charu Chandra Bhandari was born on 19 October 1896 in Shyambasur Chak village in an affluent [[Bengalis|Bengali]] [[Mahishya]] family to Jogendranath Bhandari and Sailabala Debi<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Senapati and Das |first=Uma and Dulal Krishna |title=মাহিষ্য রত্নাবলী-জীবনী শতক |publisher=Tuhina Publications |year=2018 |isbn=9788194434641 |edition=2nd |location=Kolkata |publication-date=2020 |pages=74 to 75 |language=Bengali |trans-title=Mahishya Ratnavali Biographical Century}}</ref> under [[Kulpi (community development block)|Kulpi]] police station in [[Diamond Harbour subdivision]] of [[South 24 Parganas]], [[British India]] (present day [[West Bengal]], India). His schooling was from Hatuganj high school and subsequently he completed his [[Intermediate of Arts|I.A]] from [[Ashutosh College]] and [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A]] from [[Ripon College, Calcutta]]. Thereafter, he completed his [[Master of Arts|M.A]] in [[Economics]] and also, [[Bachelor of Laws|LLB]] from the [[University of Calcutta]].<ref name=":3" /> He was a [[lawyer]] by profession.<ref name=":1" />

==Activities==
When the [[Salt Satyagraha]] movement started across the country in 1930, Charuchandra Bhandari led the movement in [[South Bengal]] and the [[Sundarbans settlements|Sundarbans]] under the instructions of [[Mahatma Gandhi]] . He left his profession of lawyer and completely joined the freedom struggle. Charuchandra was even caught by the police for participating in the salt satyagraha. After his release from jail, ''Khadi'' temples were built in various places of Sundarbans including Hatugunj, Diamond Harbour, Kulpi, Karanjali, Harinavi in South 24 Parganas. Freedom fighter Bishwaranjan Sen was one of his collaborators in the establishment of the ''Khadi Mandir'' in Diamond Harbour. Clothes by spinning wheels were manufactured here and were distributed in 24 Parganas and neighbouring districts for sale.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" />

Charuchandra was closely associated with the organizational and service work of Mahatma Gandhi's movement. He was also associated with the Abhay Ashram, which was inspired by Gandhian ideals and was founded in [[Comilla District|Comilla]], [[Bengal]] (present-day [[Bangladesh]]).<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

Charuchandra Bhandari was a notable disciple of Acharya Vinoba Bhave. Charuchandra was one of the main promoters of his Sarvodaya movement in West Bengal. According to him, co-operation is the basic principle of the village donation and land donation movement (''Bhoodan'' movement). Charuchandra Bhandari tried his best to make the principles of Vinoba Bhave a reality. He along with many others took a life vow at the Sarvodaya conference held in [[Gaya (India)|Gaya]]. He founded the West Bengal ''Bhudajajna Mandal'' at Diamond Harbour.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=সংবাদদাতা |first=নিজস্ব |title=Charuchandra Bhandari: ধ্বংসের পথে স্বাধীনতা সংগ্রামী চারুচন্দ্রের খাদি মন্দির, সংস্কার চায় হটুগঞ্জ |url=https://www.anandabazar.com/west-bengal/24-parganas/demand-for-renovation-of-khadi-temple-built-by-charuchandra-bhandari-in-sundarbans-area-dgtld/cid/1363215 |access-date=2023-07-14 |website=www.anandabazar.com |language=bn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sarkar |first=Bikram |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4jhNfZ4DtbEC |title=Land Reforms in India, Theory and Practice: A Study of Legal Aspects of Land Reforms Measures in West Bengal |date=1989 |publisher=APH Publishing |isbn=978-81-7024-260-4 |pages=98, 102, 104 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Narayan |first1=Shriman |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VNXt00vBew0C |title=Vinoba: His Life and Work |last2=Vinobā |date=1970 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |isbn=978-81-7154-483-7 |pages=226 |language=en}}</ref>

Charuchandra Bhandari was a member of the Bengal Legislative Assembly.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sarkar |first=Bikram |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4jhNfZ4DtbEC |title=Land Reforms in India, Theory and Practice: A Study of Legal Aspects of Land Reforms Measures in West Bengal |date=1989 |publisher=APH Publishing |isbn=978-81-7024-260-4 |pages=49 |language=en}}</ref> On June 20, 1947, he advocated for the establishment of West Bengal. In the first general election of independent India in 1951, Charuchandra Bhandari was elected from the [[Diamond Harbour Assembly constituency]] as a member of the [[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party]](KMPP). He became the first minister of food and civil supplies in [[Prafulla Chandra Ghosh's first cabinet]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2023-06-24 |title=এক সময়ের অর্থনীতির পীঠ স্থান আজ আগাছায় ভর্তি, উঠল সংস্কারের দাবি |url=https://bengali.news18.com/news/south-24-parganas/on-the-death-anniversary-of-freedom-fighter-charuchandra-bhandari-the-demand-for-renovation-of-khadi-temple-was-raised-l18-1159758.html |access-date=2023-07-14 |website=News18 Bengali |language=bn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Bandyopadhyay |first=Sekhar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9Qd5AgAAQBAJ |title=Decolonization in South Asia: Meanings of Freedom in Post-independence West Bengal, 1947–52 |date=2009-06-03 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-01824-6 |pages=19, 26, 83 |language=en}}</ref>

==Books written==

* ''Bhūdānajajña ki ō kēna'' (1955)(What and Why Land donation movement)
* ''Āmādēra jātīẏa śikṣā'' (1962)(Our National Education)
* ''Kōra-āna sāra'' (Essence of Quran)
* Āsāmēra aśānti prasaṅgē (1961)
* Thoughts on Assam Disturbances (1961)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rajan |first=S. Irudaya |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9DZbEAAAQBAJ&dq=charu+chandra+bhandari&pg=PT59 |title=The Routledge Handbook of Refugees in India |date=2022-03-10 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-000-50976-2 |language=en}}</ref>

==Death and legacy==
Charuchandra Bhandari died on June 24, 1985. After his death, the Charuchandra Memorial Committee was formed in his memory at Diamond Harbour. The 'Girls School Road' in ward number 13 of [[Diamond Harbour]] city has been named 'Charuchandra Bhandari Sarani' by the municipality and a bust statue of Charuchandra Bhandari has been installed at the intersection of Diamond Harbor Main Road and Charuchandra Bhandari Sarani.<ref name=":0" />

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bhandari, Charu Chandra}}
[[Category:1896 births]]
[[Category:1985 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Bengal]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from West Bengal]]
[[Category:Indian nonviolence advocates]]
[[Category:Gandhians]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male writers]]
[[Category:Writers from West Bengal]]
[[Category:Indian political writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:Bengal MLAs 1946–1947]]
[[Category:West Bengal MLAs 1947–1951]]
[[Category:West Bengal MLAs 1951–1957]]
[[Category:Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party politicians]]

Joseph Kallarangatt

2025-05-23T20:33:44Z

Garrisonroofing: updated page

{{Short description|Indian Catholic bishop (born 1956)}}
{{Neutrality|date=August 2024}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| honorific-prefix = [[Mar (title)|Mar]]
| name = Joseph Kallarangatt
| honorific-suffix =
| title = [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Eparchy of Palai|Bishop of Palai]]
| image = Mar Joseph Kallarangatt Syro-Malabar Bishop of Pala.jpg
| caption =
| church = [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Church]]
| diocese =
| see = [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Eparchy of Palai|Eparchy of Palai]]
| appointed = 18 March 2004
| ended =
| predecessor = [[Joseph Pallikaparampil]]
| successor =
| other_post = Chairman of Syro-Malabar Synodal Commission for Family, Laity and Life


| ordination = 2 January 1982
| consecration = 2 May 2004
| rank = 
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1956|1|27}}
| birth_place = Kayyoor, [[Kottayam District]], [[Kerala]], India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| buried =
| occupation =
| previous_post =
| education = [[Gregorian University]], Rome
| signature =
| elected = 
| consecrated_by = [[Joseph Powathil]], [[Varkey Vithayathil]], and [[Joseph Pallikaparampil]]
}}
'''Joseph Kallarangatt''' (born 27 January 1956) is an [[India|Indian]] [[Bishop (Catholic Church)|bishop]] of the [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Church]] serving as the [[Bishop]] of the [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Eparchy of Palai|Eparchy of Palai]] since 2004 succeeding [[Joseph Pallikaparampil]].

Prior to Kallarangatt's ascent as bishop, he served in various roles in the Eparchy as well as in the Seminary including as the President of the Paurastya Vidyapitam in Vadavathoor. After his installation as Bishop, He serves as a Substitute Member of the Syro-Malabar Church's Permanent Synod and was the head of the church's [[doctrine|doctrinal]] commission.<ref name=":22" /><ref name=":0" />

== Early life and career ==
Joseph Kallarangatt was born on 27 January 1956, in Kayyoor located in the [[Kottayam district]] of Kerala. He received his education at a Catholic [[seminary]] in Palai and became an [[ordained]] priest on 2 January 1982. Kallarangatt was an assistant parish priest at the [[Aruvithura]] and [[Ramapuram, Kottayam|Ramapuram]] parishes until he was sent to the [[Gregorian University]] in [[Rome]], [[Italy]] in 1984, from where he attained a [[Doctor of Theology|doctorate in theology]] (ThD). Following his ThD, he became a teacher at a seminary in Vadavathoor and later the president of the Pontifical Oriental Institute of Religious Studies (Paurastya Vidyapitam), a theology institution of the [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Church]].<ref name=":22">{{Cite web|title=Bishop of Palai Diocese, Joseph Kallarangatt|url=https://www.ucanews.com/directory/bishops/bishop-kallarangatt/193|access-date=2021-09-20|website=[[Union of Catholic Asian News]]}}</ref>

== Pastoral ministry ==
=== Episcopacy ===
On 18 March 2004, Kallarangatt was appointed as the 3rd Bishop of the [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Eparchy of Palai]], succeeding Joseph Pallikaparambil. His [[Episcopal polity|episcopal]] consecration occurred on 2 May 2004 conducted by Archbishop of Changanacherry [[Joseph Powathil]] and his enthronement was conducted by [[List of leaders of the Syro-Malabar Church|Major Archbishop]] [[Varkey Vithayathil]].<ref name=":22" /> The [[diocese]] (eparchy) of Palai has the largest concentration of Syro-Malabar Catholics in Kerala.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Varma|first=Vishnu|date=2021-09-21|title=Explained: Kerala Bishop Mar Joseph Kallarangatt and the row behind his 'love and narcotic jihad' theory|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-kerala-bishop-mar-joseph-kallarangatt-love-and-narcotic-jihad-theory-row-7522619/|website=[[The Indian Express]]|language=en}}</ref>

The 31st plenary meeting of the CBCI was held at Alphonsian Pastoral Institute Pala from 5 to 12 February 2014 under the patronage of Joseph Kallarangatt as the local host.<ref>{{Cite web|title=H. E. Mar Joseph Kallarangatt|url=https://www.palaidiocese.com/profile/16|access-date=19 November 2021|website=Eparchy of Palai}}</ref>

Kallarangatt acted as the co-consecrator of [[Joseph Srampickal]] as the first bishop of the newly founded Syro-Malabar eparchy of Great Britain. The 2016 ceremony was led by [[Major Archbishop]] [[George Alencherry]] in [[Preston, Lancashire|Preston]], [[United Kingdom]]. Srampickal, a priest from Palai was appointed by [[Pope Francis]] as the bishop-elect to the newly founded diocese of the Syro-Malabar Church in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{Cite news|date=29 July 2016|title=Kerala's Syro-Malabar Catholics get new diocese in UK|work=[[The News Minute]]|agency=[[Press Trust of India]]|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/keralas-syro-malabar-catholics-get-new-diocese-uk-47263}}</ref> He assisted in the 2017 consecration of [[Thomas Tharayil (archbishop of Changanassery)|Thomas Tharayil]] as the auxiliary bishop to the [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Archeparchy of Changanacherry]] led by the Archbishop of Changanacherry, [[Joseph Perumthottam]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=2017-04-23|title=Mar Tharayil ordained auxiliary bishop|language=en-IN|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/mar-tharayil-ordained-auxiliary-bishop/article18196184.ece|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

===Theological and doctrinal stance===
In early 2018, Kallarangatt headed a [[doctrinal]] committee of the church, which produced a report concluding that the religious interpretation of [[yoga]] was incompatible with Christian beliefs. The report stated that yoga could be practised for health benefits but to interpret results from it as spiritual benefits had far reaching and dangerous consequences.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=4 April 2018|title=Yoga and Christian beliefs cannot go together: Catholic Church|url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/kerala/yoga-and-christian-beliefs-cannot-go-together-catholic-church-1.2719417|website=[[Mathrubhumi]]|location=[[Mananthavady]]|language=en}}</ref>

[[File:Syro-Malabar Rite of Renewal of Malka by bishop Mar Joseph Kallarangatt.webm|thumb|Rite of Renewal of the [[Holy Leaven|Holy ''Malka'']] officiated by Joseph Kallarangatt]]

He is one of the prominent bishops who is staunch adherent to the traditions, liturgical and ritual peculiarities of the Syro-Malabar Church. He is an expert in Syriac language and theology and is known to be the only Syro-Malabar bishop who is capable of celebrating the [[Holy Qurbana]] in Syriac.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jose |first=Sabu |date=2022-01-02 |title=Bishop Joseph Kallarangatt: A shepherd who live Gospel in its fullness |url=https://mangalavartha.com/mv-bishop-joseph-kallarangatt-a-shepherd-who-live-gospel-in-its-fullness/ |access-date=2024-08-15 |website=മംഗള വാർത്ത |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=AP 15 - Interview with Bishop Joseph Kallarangatt (Bishop of Palai, Kerala), the only bishop in India who celebrates the Solemn Qurbana in Syriac. |url=https://newproduction.christianmusicologicalsocietyofindia.com/aramaic-project/interviews-and-performances/ap-11-to-20/interview-with-bishop-joseph-kallarangatt-bishop-of-palai-kerala-the-only-bishop-in-india-who-celebrates-the-solemn-qurbana-in-syriac |access-date=2024-08-15 |website=newproduction.christianmusicologicalsocietyofindia.com}}</ref>

=== Controversies ===
{{Unbalanced section|date=August 2024}}
In early September 2018, a Catholic nun lodged a complaint against the then incumbent [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Jalandhar|Bishop of Jalandhar]] [[Franco Mulakkal]], accusing him of rape. Five of her fellow nuns of her congregation, the [[Missionaries of Jesus]], began protests over inaction, saying that her repeated complaints to various authorities in the church hierarchy since 2017 had elicited no response.<ref name=":02">{{Cite web|last=Konikkara|first=Aathira|date=26 September 2018|title=He prayed like a holy man as she shed tears: Bishop Franco Mulakkal and a nun's fight for justice|url=https://caravanmagazine.in/gender-sexuality/bishop-franco-mulakkal-kerala-nun-rape-case-protests|website=[[The Caravan]]|language=en}}</ref> Bishop Kallarangatt was allegedly one of the first church authorities she had confided to back in June 2017.<ref name=":02" /><ref name=":12">{{Cite news|date=2018-07-14|title=Nun complained to me: Pala bishop|language=en-IN|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/nun-complained-to-me-pala-bishop/article24422306.ece|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> During the police investigation, he was brought in for questioning and he stated that the nun had only made a verbal complaint with him that the "atmosphere in the convent was not pleasant and that she was under stress". In response he advised her to inform the heads of her church.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-07-15 |title=Nun told me about her ordeal at convent: Pala bishop to sleuths |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/nun-told-me-about-her-ordeal-at-convent-pala-bishop-to-sleuths/articleshow/64993209.cms |access-date=2024-10-02 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref name=":12" /> Mulakkal was later arrested in September 2018 and the Palai diocese extended its support for him.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|last=John|first=Haritha|date=2021-09-17|title=The right turn by a section of Kerala's Catholic church is sheer opportunism|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/right-turn-section-kerala-s-catholic-church-sheer-opportunism-155406|website=[[The News Minute]]|language=en}}</ref> In January 2022, Mulakkal was acquitted of all charges related to the case.<ref>{{cite news |title=Nun rape case: Court acquits Bishop Franco Mulakkal of all charges |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2022/01/14/nun-rape-case-franco-mulakkal-verdict.html |access-date=19 June 2022 |work=[[Malayala Manorama]] |date=14 January 2022 |archive-date=14 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220114021144/https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2022/01/14/nun-rape-case-franco-mulakkal-verdict.html |url-status=live }}</ref>"

In July 2021, as part of the "Year of the Family" celebrations, the Palai diocese devised a welfare scheme seeking to increase birth rates among Catholic women by offering financial assistance of ₹1,500 per month, admissions with scholarships at the church-run [[St. Joseph's College of Engineering and Technology, Palai]] and free medical facilities for every child born after the 4th child of couples married post 2000.<ref name=":8">{{Cite news|date=2021-07-27|title=Pala diocese plans more sops for large families|language=en-IN|work=[[The Hindu]]|location=[[Kottayam]]|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/pala-diocese-announces-more-sops-for-large-families/article35562626.ece|access-date=2021-09-24|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> The announcement of the scheme by Kallarangatt caused controversy but he defended it, stating that he stood by the scheme and that it was announced to support large families facing financial difficulties due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]]. He further stated that they would begin taking applications and will be able to provide benefits from August onwards.<ref name=":32">{{Cite web|date=27 July 2021|title=Catholic church in Kerala announces welfare scheme for families to have more children|url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/kerala/catholic-church-in-kerala-announces-welfare-scheme-for-families-to-have-more-children-1.5862066|website=[[Mathrubhumi]]|location=[[Kottayam]]|language=en}}</ref> Critics from within the Syro-Malabar community and elsewhere described it as an unethical and immoral scheme created for petty political gains and as interference in the sexual lives of married couples by unmarried clergy.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|date=28 July 2021|title=Indian bishop's promotion of large families sparks controversy|url=https://www.ucanews.com/news/indian-bishops-promotion-of-large-families-sparks-controversy/93486|website=[[Union of Catholic Asian News]]|language=en}}</ref> The scheme of the Palai Bishop was followed by an announcement from the Church that extended free of cost [[neonatal]] care to women giving birth to their fourth child in Church run hospitals, and scholarships for the fourth and subsequent children of families who get admitted at Church run engineering colleges.<ref name=":32" />

==== 2021 Love and narcotics jihad controversy ====
On 8 September 2021, Kallarangatt sparked a major controversy during a sermon at [[Kuravilangad Church]], when he claimed that "[[love jihad]]" was real and that there was also a "narcotics jihad" targeting youths by radicals as a means of indirect war to annihilate the non-Muslim population. He described "narcotics jihad" as being present in places such as [[ice cream parlour]]s, juice corners, [[rave parties]], and hotels. Kallarangatt claimed these places led to youths becoming trapped into drug addiction.<ref>{{Cite web|date=10 September 2021|title=Kerala bishop claims Muslims have launched 'narcotics jihad', faces criticism|url=https://scroll.in/latest/1005116/muslims-are-getting-others-addicted-to-drugs-claims-kerala-bishop-calls-it-narcotic-jihad|website=[[Scroll.in]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Philip|first=Shaju|date=2021-09-10|title=Non-Muslims are targets of 'narcotic jihad': Kerala bishop|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/non-muslims-are-targets-of-narcotic-jihad-kerala-bishop-7499908/|website=[[The Indian Express]]|language=en}}</ref> The remarks attracted immediate, widespread commentary and mixed reception, even from within the Christian community.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|last=Krishnakumar|first=R.|date=8 October 2021|title=Pulpit polemics: Bishop's homily on 'narcotic jehad' catches Kerala by surprise|url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/the-nation/communalism/pulpit-polemics/article36535496.ece|website=[[Frontline (magazine)|Frontline]]|publisher=[[The Hindu Group]]|language=en}}</ref>

Representatives and members of the non-Catholic Christian churches were more vocal in their opposition, though there were also some disapproving responses from the [[Syro-Malankara Catholic Church]] and the Latin Church in India.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|last=Dayal|first=John|date=17 September 2021|title=Internally bleeding Indian church too weak to face challenges|url=https://www.ucanews.com/news/internally-bleeding-indian-church-too-weak-to-face-challenges/94177|website=[[Union of Catholic Asian News]]|language=en}}</ref> Metropolitan [[Theodosius Mar Thoma]], the head of the [[Mar Thoma Syrian Church]], openly derided Kallarangatt for attempting to aggravate communal divisions in Kerala.<ref name=":6" /> Bishop [[Yuhanon Meletius]] of the [[Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church]] and Bishop [[Coorilose Geevarghese]] of the [[Malankara Jacobite Syrian Orthodox Church]], both part of [[Oriental Orthodoxy]] also expressed the strongest condemnations stating that Kallarangatt had fallen into the design of the [[Sangh Parivar]] and was creating divisions among minorities with conspiracy theories at a time of growing [[fascism]] in India which threatened all of them.<ref name=":5" />

From within the Syro-Malabar Church, the former spokesman of the synod, Paul Thelakkat and Senior Nun Teena Jose slammed Kallarangatt on account of his controversial statement, alleging that the controversy was purposefully orchestrated to distract from the sexual assault and corruption allegations surrounding the church's top leadership and created to forge an alliance with the Sangh Parivar in exchange for warding off investigations from agencies of the [[Narendra Modi]] government.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Raghunath|first=Arjun|date=2021-09-16|title=BJP's efforts to cash in on 'narcotic jihad' row in Kerala suffers setback|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/south/bjps-efforts-to-cash-in-on-narcotic-jihad-row-in-kerala-suffers-setback-1031117.html|access-date=2021-09-26|website=[[Deccan Herald]]|language=en}}</ref> The protesting nuns held a [[walkout]] protest, during a Holy Qurbana in Kuravilangad, against [[hate speech]] by Kallarangatt, after the parish priest reportedly endorsed him and called for "economic boycott of Muslims".<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-13|title=Nuns in Kerala Stage Walkout Protesting Priest's Speech Against Muslims|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/nuns-kerala-stage-walkout-protesting-priests-speech-against-muslims-155210#:~:text=The%20News%20Minute-,Nuns%20in%20Kerala%20stage%20walkout%20protesting%20priest's%20speech%20against%20Muslims,Franco%20in%20a%20rape%20case.&text=The%20nuns%20are%20Anupama%20Kelamangalathuveliyil,Ancitta%20Urumbil%20and%20Josephine%20Viloonickal.|website=[[The News Minute]]|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Henry|first=Nikhila|date=2021-09-14|title='Narcotics Jihad': Why is a Catholic Nun Asking a Kerala Bishop to Apologise?|url=https://www.thequint.com/news/india/narcotics-jihad-why-a-catholic-nun-sister-teena-jose-is-asking-kerala-bishop-mar-joseph-kallarangatt-to-apologise|website=[[The Quint]]|language=en}}</ref> Certain Catholic reformative organisations including the Joint Christian Council (JCC) and the Kerala Catholic Reformation Movement (KCRM) as well as the [[Social Democratic Party of India]] (SDPI) criticised Kallarangatt on similar lines.<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pala Bishop should be Arrested for Violating Christian Muslim Harmony {{!}} SDPI |url=https://malayalam.oneindia.com/news/kerala/pala-bishop-should-be-arrested-for-violating-christian-muslim-harmony-sdpi-309255.html |language=ml}}</ref>

Muslim organisations condemned the statements expressing that such remarks coming from a bishop was unprecedented; criticisms of his statement were made that described it as promoting [[prejudice]] against Muslims among Christians and involved varied demands for retraction, apologies, evidence and clarifications.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=10 September 2021|title=Kerala Bishop Says Non-Muslims Are Targets of Organised 'Narcotic Jihad', Draws Flak|url=https://thewire.in/communalism/kerala-bishop-says-non-muslims-are-targets-of-organised-narcotic-jihad-draws-flak|website=[[The Wire (India)|The Wire]]}}</ref> Some of them organised a protest march in Palai to the Bishop's House demanding legal action against him, it saw the participation of 200 people. It led to a counter protest by supporters of the bishop along with the involvement of several local politicians. Both the marches were broken off by the police and participants charged for violation of [[COVID-19 pandemic|COVID-19 protocols]]. The JCC stated that the two clashing protest marches could have led to a riot,<ref name=":4" /> and held a protest of their own demanded Kallarangatt to release an apology and raised concerns that the "Changanacherry lobby" was hijacking the church.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-09-25|title=Joint Christian Council stages protest|language=en-IN|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Kochi/joint-christian-council-stages-protest/article36673413.ece|access-date=2021-09-26|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=2021-09-11|title='Narcotic jihad' row: Pala witnesses wave of protests|language=en-IN|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/pala-witnesses-wave-of-protests/article36403443.ece|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> The right-wing Bharatiya Janata Party extended its full support to the bishop and its several senior state functionaries visited him at his residence after the protests.<ref name=Hindu>{{Cite news|date=2021-09-13|title=More come in support for Pala Bishop|language=en-IN|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/more-come-in-support-for-bishop/article36437320.ece|access-date=2021-09-26|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

The Pala diocese issued a clarification stating that the bishop did not imply that all Muslims were doing so but only a small minority of extremists who were true believers. The same message was reiterated in communications from the KCBC and Archbishop Perumthottam.<ref name=":2" /> The chairman of the [[Kerala Congress (M)]], a member party of the [[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|Left Democratic Front]], the communist led ruling coalition in Kerala also extended his support, criticising opponents of the bishop and accusing them of misrepresenting the bishop's statement.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Philip|first=Shaju|date=2021-09-13|title=CPM ally Kerala Congress (M) extends support to bishop|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/cpm-ally-kerala-congress-m-extends-support-to-bishop-7504788/|website=[[The Indian Express]]|language=en}}</ref>

Joseph Perumthottam, the Archbishop of Changanacherry, endorsed Kallarangatt through an article in the church-controlled newspaper ''[[Deepika (newspaper)|Deepika]]''. The Syro-Malabar Church issued a statement through its Public Affairs Commission offering their support to the Kallarangatt when this issue became controversial. The statement affirmed that the Kallarangatt's homily reflected the official position of the Syro-Malabar Church on the issue.<ref>{{Cite web |title='Narcotic jihad' row: Kerala's Syro-Malabar Church stands by Pala Bishop Joseph Kallarangatt [Full statement] {{!}} Kerala News |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/amp/india/kerala/article/narcotic-jihad-row-kerala-syro-malabar-church-stands-by-pala-bishop-joseph-kallarangatt-full-statement/815492 |access-date=2024-06-26 |website=www.timesnownews.com}}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite web |title=Narcotic Jihad row: Syro-Malabar church defends it's under-fire bishop |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2021/09/22/narcotic-jihad-pala-bishop-syro-malabar-church-public-affairs-commission.html |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=www.onmanorama.com}}</ref> The statement went on to say that the term 'Narco Jihad' was used in 2017 in a paper published by the [[European Foundation for South Asian Studies]] on the drug trade in [[Afghanistan]] by providing evidence for the drug business done by terrorist organisations.<ref name=":10" /> Moreover, the [[Kerala Catholic Bishops' Council]] (KCBC), representing all Catholic bishops in Kerala, has been discussing concerns about "love jihad" for several years. Following the controversy, the KCBC released a statement supporting Bishop Kallarangatt and other bishops who endorsed him. The statement affirmed that Kallarangatt's homily reflected the official position of the Syro-Malabar Church on the matter in Kerala.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-09-13|title=More come in support for Pala Bishop|language=en-IN|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/more-come-in-support-for-bishop/article36437320.ece|access-date=2021-09-26|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-22 |title=Pulpit polemics: Bishop's homily on 'narcotic jehad' catches Kerala by surprise |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/the-nation/communalism/pulpit-polemics/article36535496.ece |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=Frontline |language=en}}</ref>

[[Pinarayi Vijayan]], the [[Chief Minister of Kerala]] and a leader of the left-wing [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]], stated that it was the first time he was hearing about such a thing as "narcotics jihad" and that Kallarangatt being an influential and learned man should think before speaking and remember his civil obligation of not creating divisions in society, an obligation which all religious leaders have.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-09-10|title=Spiritual leaders should be cautious against their words causing discordance: Pinarayi Vjayan|language=en-IN|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/spiritual-leaders-should-be-cautious-against-their-words-causing-discordance-pinarayi-vjayan/article36396787.ece|access-date=2021-09-26|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> In addition, he stated drug trafficking and consumption of narcotics were are a serious criminal and social issue respectively but could not be tied to religious affiliations, and that allegations of "narcotics jihad" and "love jihad" were delusional with no evidential support, citing data on interfaith marriages and on suspects and convicts in narcotics cases whose affiliations did not have any unusual ratios and reflected the general distribution of religious identities in the population of the state.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|date=23 September 2021|title=Kerala CM cites data to refute claims linking religion to 'narcotics, love jihad'|url=https://scroll.in/latest/1006023/kerala-cm-cites-data-to-refute-claims-linking-religion-to-narcotics-love-jihad|website=[[Scroll.in]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Responding to demands of legal action, he stated that the government will not initiate any as the bishop was within his rights to address his sermon's attendees and because he did not intend to cause any communal enmity.<ref name=":1" />

A case was registered against Kallarangatt by the [[Kerala Police]] in November 2021 over his remarks.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kerala: Bishop Joseph Kallarangatt Booked For 'Narcotic Jihad' Remarks|url=https://thewire.in/communalism/catholic-bishop-joseph-kallarangatt-booked-for-narcotic-jihad-remarks|access-date=2021-11-15|website=The Wire}}</ref>

== References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{commons category-inline}}
*{{Wikiquote-inline}}

{{Portalbar|Biography|Catholicism|Christianity|India}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kallarangatt, Joseph}}
[[Category:1956 births]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian Roman Catholic theologians]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Syro-Malabar bishops]]
[[Category:People from Pala, Kerala]]
[[Category:Christian clergy from Kottayam]]

S. M. Nasar

2025-05-21T12:41:58Z

Garrisonroofing: cleanup

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = S. M. Nasar
| office1 = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member]] of the [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start1 = 7 May 2021
| term_end1 =
| constituency1 = [[Avadi Assembly constituency|Avadi]]
| predecessor1 = [[K. Pandiarajan]]
| party = [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
| office = Minister of Minorities Welfare, Non Resident Tamils Welfare, Refugees & Evacuees and Wakf Board. Government of Tamil Nadu
| 1blankname = Chief Minister
| 1namedata = [[M. K. Stalin]]
| term_start = 28 September 2024
| term_end =
| predecessor = Gingee K. S. Masthan
| residence = 16, Thayagam Illam, Buddhar Street, Kamarajar Nagar, [[Avadi]], [[Chennai]] - 600071
| spouse = Fathima Gani
| successor =
}}

'''S. M. Nasar''' is an Indian Politician [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member of Legislative Assembly]] of [[Tamil Nadu]]. He was elected from [[Avadi Assembly constituency|Avadi]] as a [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] candidate in 2021.<ref>{{cite web |title= Form 21E (Return of Election) |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211222055738/https://www.elections.tn.gov.in/Form21E_TNLA2021/AC006.pdf |url= https://www.elections.tn.gov.in/Form21E_TNLA2021/AC006.pdf|access-date= 25 Apr 2022 |archive-date=22 Dec 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=avadi Election Result |url= https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2021/tamil-nadu/-s22a006|access-date= 25 Apr 2022}}</ref>
==Electoral performance ==
{{transcluded section|source=Avadi Assembly constituency}}
{{trim|{{#section-h:Avadi Assembly constituency|2021}}}}
{{trim|{{#section-h:Avadi Assembly constituency|2016}}}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Council of Ministers of Tamil Nadu}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nasar, S. M}}
[[Category:Tamil Nadu MLAs 2021–2026]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam politicians]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

{{DMK-politician-stub}}
{{TamilNadu-politician-stub}}

Chinnagudur mandal

2025-05-19T03:01:42Z

Garrisonroofing: put up a post

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{refimprove|date=May 2025}}

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Chinnagudur
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Mandal
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = 
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Andhra Pradesh, India
| coordinates =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Telangana]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = Mahabubabad
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of = 7500 (estimated as of 2011)
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 506104
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 08719
| registration_plate =
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city
| blank1_info_sec1 = Mahububabad
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Dornakal]]
| blank1_name_sec2 = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| blank1_info_sec2 = [[Climatic regions of India|hot]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Chinnagudur''' is a [[Tehsil|Mandal]] in [[Mahabubabad district]], [[Telangana]].<ref>{{cite web |author= |date=2011 |title=Basic Population Figures of India, States, Districts, Sub-District and Village, 2011 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/42554/download/46180/2011-IndiaStateDistSbDistVill-0000.xlsx |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]] |access-date=May 18, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711042331/https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/42554/download/46180/2011-IndiaStateDistSbDistVill-0000.xlsx |archive-date=2022-07-11}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://villageinfo.in/telangana/warangal/maripeda/chinnagudur.html villageinfo.in]

{{coord|17|30|35|N|80|09|34|E|region:IN_type:city_source:kolossus-tewiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Mahabubabad district]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Mahabubabad district|Mahabubabad]]

{{telangana-geo-stub}}

Tuleshwar Hira Singh Markam

2025-05-09T09:19:16Z

Garrisonroofing: adding the bio more to come

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2025}}

'''Tuleshwar Hira Singh Markam''' (born 1973)<ref name=":0" /> is an Indian politician from [[Chhattisgarh]]. He is a member of the Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly from [[Pali-Tanakhar Assembly constituency|Pali Tanakhar Assembly constituency]], which is reserved for Scheduled Tribes community, in [[Korba district]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tuleshwar Hira Singh Markam |url=https://prsindia.org/mlatrack/tuleshwar-hira-singh-markam |access-date=2024-10-26 |website=PRS Legislative Research |language=en-US}}</ref> He won the [[2023 Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly election]] representing the Gondwana Gantantra Party.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tuleshvar Singh Markam, GGP Candidate from Pali-Tanakhar Assembly Election 2024 Seat: Electoral History & Political Journey, Winning or Losing - News18 Assembly Election 2024 Result News |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/assembly/chhattisgarh/tuleshvar-singh-markam-s26aed2008a023e2023c004/ |access-date=2024-10-26 |website=www.news18.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pali-Tanakhar Constituency Election Results 2023: Pali-Tanakhar Assembly Seat Details, MLA Candidates & Winner |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/chhattisgarh/constituency-show/pali-tanakhar |access-date=2024-10-26 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Tuleshwar is from [[Katghora]], Korba district, Chhattisgarh. His late father, [[Hira Singh Markam]], was an MLA from the [[Pali-Tanakhar Assembly constituency]]. He completed his graduation in arts in 1998 and later, did his LLB in 2001, at [[Guru Ghasidas University]], Bilaspur.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Tuleshwar Hira Singh Markam(Gondvana Gantantra Party):Constituency- PALI-TANAKHAR (ST)(KORBA) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://myneta.info/Chhattisgarh2023/candidate.php?candidate_id=492 |access-date=2024-10-26 |website=myneta.info}}</ref>

== Career ==
Tuleshwar was elected as an MLA for the first time from Pali Tanakhar Assembly constituency representing the [[Gondwana Ganatantra Party|Gondwana Gantantra Party]] in the 2023 Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly election. He polled 60,862 votes and defeated his nearest rival, Duleshwari Sidar of the [[Indian National Congress]], by a narrow margin of 714 votes.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Pali Tanakhar (ST) assembly election results 2023: Pali Tanakhar (ST) Winning Candidates List and Vote Share |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/chhattisgarh/pali-tanakhar-st-assembly-result-26023 |access-date=2024-10-26 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-03 |title=Pali-tanakhar Election Result 2023 Live: Ggp Candidate Tuleshwar Hira Singh Markam Wins From Pali-tanakhar |url=https://news.abplive.com/elections/pali-tanakhar-election-result-2023-live-updates-constituency-vote-counting-winner-loser-bjp-congress-jcc-chhattisgarh-assembly-election-results-news-1647358 |access-date=2024-10-26 |website=news.abplive.com |language=en}}</ref> He first contested the [[2018 Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly election]] from Pali Tanakhar seat on Gondwana Gantantra ticket, but lost to Mohit Ram of the Indian National Congress by a margin of 9,656 votes. He polled 57,315 votes against 66,971 votes for winner Mohit Ram.<ref name=":1" />

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Markam, Tuleshwar Hira Singh}}
[[Category:1973 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Chhattisgarh MLAs 2023–2028]]
[[Category:People from Korba district]]

Ranjit Das (politician)

2025-03-21T07:51:47Z

Garrisonroofing: Made some stub initial version

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}
'''Ranjit Das''' (born 1964)<ref name=":0" /> is an Indian politician from [[Tripura]]. He is a member of the [[Tripura Legislative Assembly]] from [[Amarpur, Tripura Assembly constituency]] in [[Gomati district]]. He won the [[2023 Tripura Legislative Assembly election]], representing the Bharatiya Janata Party.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-13 |title=Amarpur Constituency & Candidates contesting the 2023 Assembly Elections |url=https://northeastlivetv.com/ne-election-2023/tripura-ne-election-2023/constituencies-tripura-ne-election-2023/amarpur-constituency-candidates-contesting-the-2023-assembly-elections/ |access-date=2024-11-04 |website=Northeast Live }}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Das is from [[Amarpur, Tripura|Amarpur]], Gomati district, Tripura. He is the son of late Ramesh Das. He studied Class 12 at Amarpur High School and passed in 1998.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Ranjit Das(Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP)):Constituency- AMARPUR(GOMATI) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://myneta.info/Tripura2023/candidate.php?candidate_id=6880 |access-date=2024-11-04 |website=myneta.info}}</ref>

== Career ==
Das won from Amarpur Assembly constituency representing the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] in the 2023 Tripura Legislative Assembly election. He polled 17,989 votes and defeated his nearest rival, [[Parimal Debnath]] of the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]], by a margin of 4,594 votes.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-03-06 |title=Ranjit Das - Amarpur |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/politics/ranjit-das-amarpur/articleshow/97926712.cms |access-date=2024-11-04 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-02 |title=Tripura Assembly election results 2023: Check full list of winners |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/tripura-election-results-2023-constituency-winners-list-8473554/ |access-date=2024-11-04 |website=The Indian Express }}</ref> He first became an MLA winning the 2017 Tripura Legislative Assembly election defeating the same opponent from Amarpur seat, by a margin of 1016 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ranjit Das in Tripura Assembly Elections 2023 |url=https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2023/tripura/ranjit-das-amarpur-candidate-s23a042c001/ |access-date=2024-11-04 |website=News18 }}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Das, Ranjit}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1964 births]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Tripura]]
[[Category:Tripura MLAs 2023–2028]]
[[Category:People from Gomati district]]

{{Tripura-BJP-politician-stub}}

Jimmy Sangma

2025-03-01T07:58:43Z

Garrisonroofing: Created Some Post Added Tags

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2024}}

'''Jimmy Sangma''' (born 1974)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Majumdar |first=Moumi |title=Jimmy D. Sangma: Age, Biography, Education, Wife, Caste, Net Worth & More - Oneindia |url=https://www.oneindia.com/politicians/jimmy-d-sangma-72396.html#biography |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=www.oneindia.com |language=en}}</ref> is an Indian politician from [[Meghalaya]]. He is a member of the [[Meghalaya Legislative Assembly]] from Tikrikilla Assembly constituency, which is reserved for Scheduled Tribe community, in [[West Garo Hills district]]. He won the [[2023 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]] representing the [[National People's Party (India)]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-02 |title=Meghalaya Assembly elections results 2023: Check full list of winners |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/north-east-india/meghalaya/meghalaya-assembly-elections-results-2023-winners-list-https-indianexpress-com-article-opinion-columns-supreme-court-censure-on-renaming-games-8473818/ |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Sangma is from Khamari village, Hollaidanga post, [[Tikrikilla Assembly constituency|Tikrikilla]] PS, West Garo Hills district, Meghalaya.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Members {{!}} Meghalaya Government Portal |url=https://meghalaya.gov.in/meghalaya-legislative-assembly/44290 |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=meghalaya.gov.in}}</ref> He is the son of late Bijen M. Marak. He studied Class 12 and passed the higher secondary examinations conducted by the [[Meghalaya Board of School Education]] in 1988. He is a retired government employee and his wife is a teacher.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jimmy D. Sangma(Independent(IND)):Constituency- TIKRIKILLA (ST)(WEST GARO HILLS) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://myneta.info/meghalaya2013/candidate.php?candidate_id=65 |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=myneta.info}}</ref>

== Career ==
Sangma won from [[Tikrikilla Assembly constituency]] representing the National People's Party (India) in the 2023 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election. He polled 13,218 votes and defeated his nearest rival, former chief minister and six time MLA, [[Mukul Sangma]] of the [[All India Trinamool Congress]], by a margin of 5,313 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-02 |title=NPP's Jimmy D Sangma defeats former CM Mukul Sangma of TMC in Tikrikilla |url=https://northeastlivetv.com/ne-election-2023/npps-jimmy-d-sangma-defeats-former-cm-mukul-sangma-of-tmc-in-tikrikilla/ |access-date=25 December 2024 |website=Northeast Live |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Network |first=Hub |date=2023-03-02 |title=Meghalaya Assembly Elections 2023: NPP wins 20 seats, Mukul loses from Tikrikilla, Dikkanchi & Zenith also lose, UDP wins 4 seats |url=https://hubnetwork.in/meghalaya-assembly-elections-2023-npp-wins-20-seats-mukul-loses-from-tikrikilla-dikkanchi-zenith-also-lose-udp-wins-4-seats/ |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=Hub News |language=en-US}}</ref> As an independent candidate, he came third behind winner [[Michael T. Sangma]], also an independent, and Rahinath Barchung of the [[Indian National Congress]], in the [[2013 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Jimmy D. Sangma in Meghalaya Assembly Elections 2023 |url=https://www.news18.com/assembly-elections-2023/meghalaya/jimmy-d-sangma-tikrikilla-candidate-s15a045c004/ |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> He then won the [[2018 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election]] representing the Indian National Congress and defeated Barchung, who contested as an [[independent politician]], by a margin of 1,407 votes.<ref name=":0" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sangma, Jimmy}}
[[Category:1974 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:National People's Party (India) politicians]]
[[Category:Meghalaya MLAs 2018–2023]]
[[Category:Meghalaya MLAs 2023–2028]]
[[Category:People from West Garo Hills district]]

Rafi Resurrected

2024-11-15T16:14:21Z

Garrisonroofing: typo fix

{{Infobox album
| name = Rafi Resurrected
| type = Studio
| artist = [[Sonu Nigam]]
| cover =Rafi Resurrected.jpg
| alt =
| released = 2008 ([[India]])
| recorded = 2008
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = Hindi filmi
| length =
| label = [[Saregama]]
| producer =
| prev_title = Classically Mild
| prev_year = 2008
| next_title = [[Yeh Naya Naya]]
| next_year = 2010
}}

'''Rafi Resurrected''' is a 2008 album sung by [[Sonu Nigam]], released after his concert by the same name in [[London]] and elsewhere in Europe. This is a [[tribute album]] to the noted Indian [[playback singer]] [[Mohammad Rafi]]. The double album features 75 members of the [[City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra]], which arranged and orchestrated 18 of popular Rafi tracks in collaboration with Nigam.<ref>[http://entertainment.oneindia.in/music/news/2008/sonu-tribute-mohammed-rafi-190908.html Sonu's tribute to Mohammed Rafi in London] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120708203631/http://entertainment.oneindia.in/music/news/2008/sonu-tribute-mohammed-rafi-190908.html |date=2012-07-08 }} September 19, 2008.</ref><ref>[https://archive.today/20130202060155/http://sify.com/movies/bollywood/fullstory.php?id=14722941&cid=2359 Sonu Nigam's Rafi Resurrected tour in UK] [[Sify.com]], 24 July 2008.</ref><ref>{{cite news |title= Rafi and I: Sonu Niigam tells all about 'Rafi Resurrected' .. |url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/09/24/stories/2008092450380100.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604230932/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/09/24/stories/2008092450380100.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 4, 2011 |work= [[The Hindu]] |date=Sep 24, 2008 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Sonu-CBSO concert a grand success in UK|url=http://www.screenindia.com/news/Sonu-CBSO-concert-a-grand-success-in-UK/342892/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081123035831/http://www.screenindia.com/news/Sonu-CBSO-concert-a-grand-success-in-UK/342892/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 23, 2008 |publisher=[[Screen (magazine)|Screen]] |date=Aug 1, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Rafi returns |url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080727/jsp/7days/story_9606325.jsp |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120911074407/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1080727/jsp/7days/story_9606325.jsp |url-status=dead |archive-date=September 11, 2012 |publisher=[[The Telegraph (Kolkata)|The Telegraph]] |date= July 27, 2008 }}</ref>

==Overview==
This is not the first time [[Sonu Nigam]] is giving the tribute to Mohammad Rafi, he even started his singing career at the age of 3 with the song "Kya hua tera vaada" by Mohammad Rafi.

The Album has numerous tracks and in a few tracks like "Mujhe teri mohabbat ka","Kya hua tera vaada" the female singer [[Gunjan (singer)|Gunjan]] joined him. The album was a hit in the [[United Kingdom]] and is very popular in [[India]], [[Pakistan]] and many [[Urdu]] and [[Hindi]] speaking countries.

Sonu Nigam after giving Classically Mild came out with this album which is also an album, the music, the way he sang all the songs. The songs were played by [[City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra]] which itself was an honour for an Indian artist<ref>[http://entertainment.oneindia.in/music/news/2008/sonu-rafi-resurrected-concert-310708.html Sonu Nigam sings for his guru] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120707232903/http://entertainment.oneindia.in/music/news/2008/sonu-rafi-resurrected-concert-310708.html |date=2012-07-07 }} July 31, 2008.</ref><ref>[http://www.birminghampost.net/life-leisure-birmingham-guide/birmingham-culture/classical-music-birmingham/2008/07/17/review-rafi-resurrected-at-symphony-hall-65233-21358852/ Review: Rafi Resurrected at Symphony Hall] [[Birmingham Post]], Jul 17 2008</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.google.co.in/search?q=Rafi+Resurrected&hl=en&rlz=1B3GGGL_enIN351IN351&tbs=vid:1&tbo=u&ei=SwWpS5nZN4TDrAeEk4G_AQ&sa=X&oi=video_result_group&ct=title&resnum=4&ved=0CB8QqwQwAw Rafi Resurrected Concert videos]

{{Sonu Nigam}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Sonu Nigam albums]]
[[Category:2000s tribute albums]]
[[Category:2008 albums]]

90 Field Regiment (India)

2024-07-14T15:30:31Z

Garrisonroofing: New Info...

{{Short description|Indian Army artillery unit}}
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name=90 Field Regiment
|image=
|caption=
|dates= 1965 – present
|country={{flag icon|India}} [[India]]
|allegiance=India
|branch= [[File:Flag of Indian Army.svg|24px]] [[Indian Army]]
|type= [[File:Regiment of Artillery Insignia (India).svg|20px]] [[Artillery]]
|role=
|size= Regiment
|command_structure=
|equipment= [[Indian Field Gun]]

|Past Commanders=
|ceremonial_chief=
|colonel_of_the_regiment=
|notable_commanders=

|identification_symbol=90 Fd Regt
|identification_symbol_label=Abbreviation

|nickname=Nineo’s
|patron=
|motto= Sarvatra, Izzat-O-Iqbal (Everywhere with Honour and Glory)
|colors= Red & Navy Blue
|march=
|mascot=
|battles=
|anniversaries=15 April – Raising Day
|decorations=
|battle_honours=
}}
'''90 Field Regiment''' is part of the [[Regiment of Artillery (India)|Regiment of Artillery]] of the [[Indian Army]].

== Formation and history==
The regiment was raised as '''90 Mountain (Composite) Regiment''' on 15 April 1965 at [[Mathura]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]. Its three batteries were 901, 902 and 903 mountain batteries. The first commanding officer was Lieutenant Colonel Rana Pratap Singh.<ref name="90FdAPOcover">{{cite web|url= https://samsshopping.com/product/90-field-regiment/|title=90 Field Regiment Golden Jubilee APO postal cover|date=2015-04-15|access-date=2023-01-21}}</ref> The regiment was equipped with [[QF 3.7-inch mountain howitzer|3.7 inch mountain howitzers]] and [[Ordnance QF 25-pounder|25 pounders]]. It is presently equipped with the [[Indian Field Gun|105 mm Indian field gun]]. The regiment was for a short period converted to a medium regiment, before returning back as a field regiment.

Shortly after its raising, the regiment moved to [[Deolali]] after the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965|1965 war]]. It was here, where it was converted to [[75/24 Pack Howitzer|75/24 pack howitzers]]. The unit then moved to [[Lohitpur]], [[Arunachal Pradesh]] under 2 Mountain Artillery Brigade, but was operationally under 82 Mountain Brigade of [[2nd Infantry Division (India)|2 Mountain Division]].

==Operations==
The regiment has taken part in the following operations –
;[[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]]
[[File:Banoob71.PNG|thumb|right|Deployment of troops in the eastern sector during the 1971 war]]
The regiment took part in Operation Cactus Lily in the Eastern Sector (present day [[Bangladesh]]). It was commanded by Lieutenant Colonel (later Lieutenant General) VP Gupta and equipped with 75/24 guns. The regiment moved out from Lohitpur before the war. At the onset of operations (3 December 1971), headquarters battery and 901 battery were under Kilo Force at [[Belonia, India|Belonia]] in [[Tripura]], 902 battery was under 101 Communication Zone at [[Dawki]] and Muktāpur, both in [[Meghalaya]] and 903 battery was at [[Karimganj district|Karimganj]], [[Assam]] under Echo Force.
The regiment saw action in the north-eastern sector in the [[Shillong]] – [[Sylhet Division|Sylhet]] axis. The regiment provided artillery support and also used guns in direct supporting role.<ref>{{cite book|title=Liberation Bangladesh – 1971|first1= Maj Gen Dhruv C|last1= Katoch|first2=Lt Col Quazi Sajjad Ali|last2= Zahir|isbn= 978-9384898564|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|pages= 46–47}}</ref>

The regiment lost Gunner (ORA) Shiv Kumar Sharma during the operations on 7 December 1971.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://honourpoint.in/wp-content/uploads/1971-Martyrs.pdf|title=1971 Martyrs|access-date=2023-01-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://nationalwarmemorial.gov.in/roll-of-honours?page=257|title= Roll of Honour|date=|access-date=2023-01-22}}</ref> The regiment was awarded one Sena Medal and one Mention in Despatches. The unit bought back a few souvenirs from the war, which included a Pakistani artillery gun.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://sushantade.blogspot.com/2016/12/remembering-46-years-back-at-kolkata.html|title=Remembering 1971 at Kolkata during Bangladesh Liberation 1971|date=2016-12-16|access-date=2023-01-22}}</ref>
;Operation Vijay
The regiment was in the [[Great Rann of Kutch|Rann of Kutch]] in 1999-2000 during the [[Kargil War]].<ref name="90FdAPOcover"/>
;[[2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff|Operation Parakram]]
During this standoff with Pakistan, the regiment was present in the Rann of Kutch.<ref name="90FdAPOcover"/>
;Operation Sahayta
The regiment took part in rescue and relief operation in the aftermath of the [[2001 Gujarat earthquake|Bhuj earthquake]] in 2001. It was awarded the General Officer in Command’s ([[Southern Command (India)|Southern Command]]) Unit Citation for its efforts.<ref name="90FdAPOcover"/>

==War Cry==
The war cry of the regiment is ‘दुर्गा माता की जय’ (Durga Mata Ki Jai), which translates to ‘Victory to Goddess Durga’.<ref name="90FdAPOcover"/>

==Gallantry awards==
The regiment has won the following gallantry awards –
*[[Ashoka Chakra (military decoration)|Ashoka Chakra]] – Major [[D. Sreeram Kumar]] during his tenure with 39 [[Assam Rifles]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://egazette.gov.in/WriteReadData/2009/W_49_2010_014.pdf|title=Gazette of India, No 49, page 1813|date=2009-12-05|access-date=2023-01-22}}</ref>
*[[Sena Medal]] (SM) – 3 (Major Eustace William Fernandez,<ref>{{cite web|url= https://egazette.gov.in/WriteReadData/1974/O-1253-1974-0026-55507.pdf|title=Gazette of India, No 26, page 678.|date=1974-06-29|access-date=2023-01-22}}</ref> Colonel Fateh Singh Karamsot,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=xL0DEa8ePaqlF72lUHvXAQ==&ParentID=khARu88ix9ARZWOcwiMyXQ==|title=Sena Medal (Distinguished) -2002|date=2002-01-26|access-date=2023-01-21}}</ref> Lance Naik Naseeb Kumar<ref>{{cite web|url= https://egazette.gov.in/WriteReadData/2002/O-2517-2002-0026-114214.pdf|title=Gazette of India, No 26, page 654|date=2002-06-29|access-date=2023-01-21}}</ref>)
*[[Mention in Despatches]] – 1 (Captain AA Ali)<ref name="90FdAPOcover"/>
*[[Vishisht Seva Medal]] (VSM) – 1 (Havildar Laishram Devendro Singh)<ref>{{cite web|url= https://pib.gov.in/newsite/erelcontent.aspx?relid=91831|title= 359 Republic Day Gallantry and other Defence Decorations Announced|date=2013-01-25|access-date=2023-01-21}}</ref>
*[[Commendation Cards (Indian Army)|Chief of Army Staff Commendation cards]] – 13<ref name="90FdAPOcover"/><ref>{{cite web|url= https://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTempSimple.aspx?MnId=W+b7ynLYIu21ig4Cz+gAdA==&ParentID=XQTkD92YfiabuqgfNzuzdw==|title=COAS COMMENDATION CARD, 2016|date=2016-08-15|access-date=2023-01-21}}</ref>
*General Officer Commanding-in-chief Commendation cards – 18<ref name="90FdAPOcover"/>

==Notable officers==
The regiment has produced the following general rank officers-
*Major General SB Singh – the second commanding officer of the regiment.
*Lieutenant General Ved Prakash Gupta – the third commanding officer of the regiment, [[Commandant of the Indian Military Academy]] between November 1986 to December 1988 and Colonel Commandant, Regiment of Artillery.
*Major General Eustace William Fernandez {{small|SM}}.
*Major General JU Matai.
*Lieutenant General Anup Singh Jamwal {{small|PVSM, AVSM, VSM, ADC}} – GOC of [[IV Corps (India)|4 Corps]] and [[IX Corps (India)|9 Corps]] and later [[Adjutant-General (India)|Adjutant-General]].
*Major General GS Talwar – commanded the unit during Operation Parakram.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.ncc.du.ac.in/ADG.pdf|title=Biodata|access-date=2023-01-22}}</ref>

==Other achievements==
*[[Devendro Singh]] of the regiment in an acclaimed [[Boxer (boxing)|boxer]], who competes in the [[light-flyweight]] division. He reached the quarter-finals of the [[2011 World Amateur Boxing Championships]] in [[Baku]], represented [[India at the 2012 Summer Olympics]], won the silver medal at the Asian Confederation Boxing Championship in 2013 and the silver medal at the [[Boxing at the 2014 Commonwealth Games – Light flyweight|2014 Commonwealth Games]]. He has been awarded with the COAS Commendation Card and Vishisht Seva Medal.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.armysportsinstitute.com/component/content/article/91-momentous-moments/196-commonwealth-games.html|title= Commonwealth Games|access-date=2023-01-21}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of regiments of the Indian Army#Artillery|List of artillery regiments of Indian Army]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1965]]
[[Category:Artillery regiments of the Indian Army after 1947]]

Sondha Bandham

2023-07-06T12:45:44Z

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#REDIRECT [[List of programs broadcast by Sun TV (India)]]

St. Thomas Garrison Church

2023-03-05T18:33:47Z

Garrisonroofing: adding basic article w/ infobox

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox church
|name = St. Thomas Garrison Church
|fullname = St. Thomas English Garrison Church
|image = St. Thomas Garrison's church1.JPG
|caption = Front view of the church
|pushpin map = India Tamil Nadu
|pushpin label position =
|pushpin map alt =
|pushpin mapsize =
|map caption =
|coordinates = {{coord|13|00|08|N|80|11|48|E|display=inline,title}}
|location = [[St. Thomas Mount]], [[Chennai]]
|country = [[India]]
|denomination = [[Church of South India]]
|website =
|bull date =
|founded date =
|founder =
|dedication = {{start date|df=yes|1830}}
|dedicated date =
|consecrated date =
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|relics =
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|status =
|functional status = Active
|architect =
|architectural type = [[Chapel]]
|style = [[Gothic architecture]]
|groundbreaking =
|completed date =
|demolished date =
|capacity =
|parish =
|archdiocese = [[Diocese of Madras of the Church of South India]]
|archbishop =
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'''St. Thomas Garrison Church''' (also called '''St. Thomas English Garrison Church''') is one of the oldest churches in the St. Thomas Mount area of [[Chennai]], the capital of the [[South India]]n state of [[Tamil Nadu]]. The Church was built by the British government at the request of the army officers in the area in 1830. The church was constructed with bomb-proof roof and rust-proof iron railings, and most of the materials for the construction were imported from [[Great Britain|Britain]]. It is located in the foothills of [[St. Thomas Mount]] and named after [[Thomas the Apostle|St. Thomas]], one of the [[twelve apostles]] who resided at the place during his final years.

St. Thomas English Garrison Church is a working church with hourly prayer and daily services and follows the [[Protestant]] [[Christianity|Christian]] tradition. In modern times, it is under the dominion of [[Diocese of Madras of the Church of South India]]. The Church is declared as a heritage monument under the Chennai Circle of the [[Archaeological Survey of India]].

==Architecture==
[[File:St. Thomas Garrison's church2.JPG|250px|left|thumb|Sanctum of the shrine]]
The church is considered an exact replica of [[St Clement Danes]] at [[London]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Southern India: Its History, People, Commerce, and Industrial Resources|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8WNEcgMr11kC&dq=st+thomas+garrison+church+chennai&pg=PA124|page=124|last=Wright|first=Arnold |publisher=Asian Educational Services|year=1914|isbn=9788120613447}}</ref> St. Thomas Garrison Church was modelled on contemporary churches like [[St. George's Cathedral, Chennai]]. It is located in the foothills of [[St. Thomas Mount]] and is named after [[Thomas the Apostle|St. Thomas]], one of the [[Twelve apostles]] who resided at the place during his final years. It is {{convert|133|ft|m|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|66|ft|m|abbr=on}} wide. The compound was built with bricks, mortar and limestone. It is believed that the railings are made out of iron from the discarded weapons of [[Tipu Sultan]]. The Church was originally the starting point to Southern districts, located in 1, Grand South Trunk Road from Chennai. The building had a bomb-proof roof, rust-proof iron railings and cast iron chairs imported from England. The altar houses conventional Methodist images and a prayer hall for the worshippers. Paintings of Jesus Christ and other apostles are housed on the walls facing the worshippers. The room behind the sanctuary has a wooden staircase leading to the top of the tower. The original temple bell cast in England was heavy and developed cracks. It was replaced by a smaller bell from [[Yangon|Rangoon]] donated by a church member. There are twenty windows, five doors, Roman ionic pillars, a false ceiling made of teak wood, imported chairs, Bible and a pipe organ. The British Army and administrative officers residing in the Garrison and regions around it made generous contributions to the church. The monument of Major-General William Sydenham is found in the precincts of the Church. The Church originally had a multi level tall spire, which was trimmed to accommodate passing flights from the nearby airport.<ref name=hindu1/>

==History==
[[File:St Thomas Mount.jpg|250px|left|thumb|St. Thomas Mount, the donwhill where the Church is located]]
The [[British Raj|British]] troops were housed in various places in [[Pallavaram]] and [[St. Thomas Mount]]. There was agitation by the soldiers to build a church for their worship. The government asked the Military Board to provide an estimate and allowed it to rent a building temporarily for the worship. Rev. Atwood, who was frontrunning the proposal, submitted a proposal for 3,000 pounds sterling. The proposal was rejected citing cost. After Atwood, who died in 1810, his successor Rev. Bell suggested expanding the rented building. There were multiple proposals for building the church, but the final approval came in 1820.<ref>{{cite book|title=Madras, Chennai: A 400-year Record of the First City of Modern India, Volume 1|last=S.|first=Muthiah|page=172|publisher=Palaniappa Brothers|year=2008|location=Chennai|isbn=9788183794688}}</ref> But there were further roadblocks with the [[East India Company]] citing clashes over the allotted land. Later it was suggested that the church should be common for Pallavaram and St. Thomas Mount as a 600 seater. The proposal was accepted by the directors and the building was constructed at an estimated cost of {{INR}}43,773. The building was completed in 1827, but was opened only in 1830 by Bishop Turner who had to travel from [[Calcutta]].<ref name=hindu1>{{cite news|title=Where the past lives on|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/history-of-garrison-church-at-st-thomas-mount/article7247779.ece|work=The Hindu|date=26 May 2015|accessdate=22 November 2015|location=Chennai|last=Padmanabhan|

first=Geeta}}</ref> The Church is declared as a heritage monument under the Chennai Circle of the [[Archaeological Survey of India]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Alphabetical List of Monuments - Tamil Nadu|url=http://asi.nic.in/asi_monu_alphalist_tamilnadu.asp|publisher=Archaeological Survey of India|year=2011|accessdate=15 November 2015}}</ref>

==Worship services==
Today, the Church is administered by the [[Diocese of Madras of the Church of South India]]. Due to Covid restrictions, daily services have been discontinued. Sunday Service is held in English at 7.30 am. Evening services in regional languages (Tamil Hindi, etc) are held at 6 pm on Sundays. There is also a service held on the first of every month at 7 am. <ref>{{cite web|title=CSI list of churches|publisher=Archdiocese of Madras of Churches of South India|page=29|url=http://www.csimadrasdiocese.org/pastorate.php?cat=2|accessdate=21 November 2015|year=2011}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.csimadrasdiocese.org/pastorate.php?cat=2 St. Thomas English Garrison Church]

[[Category:Church of South India church buildings in India]]
[[Category:Churches in Chennai]]

Nair dynasty

2023-02-26T17:04:32Z

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#REDIRECT [[Nair]]

Saharanpur (Assembly constituency)

2022-05-23T09:51:31Z

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#REDIRECT [[Saharanpur Assembly constituency]]

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