Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]

Bhim Chand (soldier)

2026-05-07T01:01:41Z

Diazonium: made data

{{Short description|Indian Army officer (born 1905)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2023}}
{{Infobox military person
| honorific_prefix = Subedar Major and Honorary Captain
| name = Bhim Chand
| honorific_suffix = [[Vir Chakra|VrC & bar]]
| image = Bhim Chand VrC and Bar.png
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1905|12|17}}
| death_date = Unknown
| birth_place =
| burial_place =
| burial_label =
| burial_coordinates = 
| nickname =
| birth_name =
| allegiance = {{flag|British India}} {{flag|India}}
| branch = {{army|British India}} {{army|India}}
| rank = [[File:Subedar Major - Risaldar Major of the Indian Army.svg|25px]] [[Subedar Major]] [[File: Captain of the Indian Army.svg|25px]] [[Captain|Honorary Captain]]
| service_number = 14792 - IO
| unit = 2 Dogra
| commands =
| battles = [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947]]
| battles_label =
| awards = [[Vir Chakra]] (2) Jangi Inam
| alma_mater =
| relations = [[Thakur Prithi Chand|Col. Thakur Prithi Chand, MVC]] [[Kushal Chand|Lt. Col. Kushal Chand, MVC]]
| other_work =
| signature =
}}
[[Junior commissioned officer|Subedar Major and Honorary Captain]] '''Bhim Chand''', [[Vir Chakra|VrC]] & bar, (born 17 December 1905)<ref name=":52">{{Cite book |last=Tobdan |title=The Brave Soldiers of Lahaul - the Saviours of Ladakh in 1948 |publisher=Kaveri Books |year=2022 |location=New Delhi |pages=38}}</ref> was an officer of the [[Indian Army]] around the mid-20th century. He is known for his role in stalling the advance of the Pakistani forces in [[Ladakh]] during the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948|Indo-Pakistan War of 1947-48]]. He is the only person in the Indian Army known for having been awarded a double award in this war.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Prasad |first=Shankar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_Wxsgt6_0TYC&q=prithi+chand+&pg=PA97 |title=The Gallant Dogras: An Illustrated History of the Dogra Regiment |date=2005 |publisher=Lancer Publishers |isbn=978-81-7062-268-0 |pages=102 |language=en}}</ref> For his role in this war, Bhim Chand is regarded among the 'Saviours of Ladakh', alongside [[Thakur Prithi Chand]], [[Thakur Kushal Chand|Kushal Chand]], and [[Chewang Rinchen]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Homage paid to Lt Col Khushal Chand "Savior of Ladakh" |url=http://brighterkashmir.com//news/homage-paid-to-lt-col-khushal-chand-savior-of-ladakh |access-date=2023-11-18 |website=Brighter Kashmir}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Francis |first=J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m3LOEAAAQBAJ&dq=kushal+chand+prithi+chand+chewang+rinchen+bhim+chand&pg=PT77 |title=Selected Stories of Gallant Indian Soldiers |date=2019-10-02 |publisher=Vij Books India Pvt Ltd |isbn=978-93-88161-85-5 |language=en}}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Bhim Chand hailed from Lahaul, then a part of the Kangra district of the Punjab Province of British India. His father was Phunchog Rabgai.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Subedar Major and Hony Captain (then Subedar) BHIM CHAND |url=https://www.gallantryawards.gov.in/assets/uploads/styles/awardee_img/public/sites/default/files/VrC_SubBhimChand_230213_SG_compressed-2023-02-23-0303-0202.pdf |website=gallantryawards.gov.in}}</ref> He was a maternal uncle to Colonel [[Thakur Prithi Chand]], MVC, and Lieutenant Colonel [[Thakur Kushal Chand|Kushal Chand]], MVC, and fought alongside them in Ladakh during the 1947-48 war with Pakistan.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Col. Dilbag Dabas (retd.) |date=August 10, 2019 |title=Maj Kushal Chand — Ladakh valley's saviour |work=The Tribune |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/himachaltribune/maj-kushal-chand-%E2%80%94-ladakh-valleys-saviour-815931}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Bloeria |first=Sudhir S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VXHOEAAAQBAJ&dq=bhim+chand+vir+chakra&pg=PT181 |title=Ladakh in the Twentieth Century |date=2021 |publisher=Vij Books India Pvt Ltd |isbn=978-93-89620-84-9 |language=en}}</ref> Like all of them, Bhim Chand was a [[Tibetan Buddhism|Tibetan Buddhist]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Tobdan |title=The Brave Soldiers of Lahaul - The Saviours of Ladakh in 1948 |publisher=Kaveri Books |year=2022 |location=New Delhi |pages=38}}</ref>

== Armed forces career ==
Bhim Chand joined the [[British Indian Army]] as a soldier in the 2nd Battalion of the Dogra Regiment, on 22 September 1939.<ref name=":0" /> He served in World War II over 1939–45, for which he received a 'Jangi Inam' from the British government on 15 January 1947.<ref name=":53">{{Cite book |last=Tobdan |title=The Brave Soldiers of Lahaul - the Saviours of Ladakh in 1948 |publisher=Kaveri Books |year=2022 |location=New Delhi |pages=39–40}}</ref>

He continued in 2 Dogra during the 1947-48 war. During this war, while at the [[Junior commissioned officer|JCO]] rank of [[Subedar]], he was twice awarded the [[Vir Chakra]] - the third highest gallantry award in the post-Independence Indian Army. He retired with the honorary rank of Subedar Major and Honorary Captain, on December 1, 1958.<ref name=":1" />

=== Actions in Ladakh, 1948 ===
In 1948, Bhim Chand was part of an all-volunteer group from the 2nd Dogras, led by Major [[Thakur Prithi Chand]] with Captain (later Major) [[Kushal Chand]] as second-in-command. Comprising around twenty men in total - all from Lahaul and all Buddhists - this group made its way to Ladakh in the thick of winter in February, arriving there by mid-March. The aim was to protect Ladakh from Pakistani invaders. Prithi Chand and Bhim Chand raised a militia of local volunteers in Nubra, called the 'Nubra Guards', of which Colonel [[Chewang Rinchen]], MVC & bar, SM - then a 17-year old - became a member.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Capt. D.P. Ramachandran |date=June 5, 2017 |title=The Snow Warriors |url=https://www.coloursofglory.org/the-snow-warriors/ |access-date=2023-11-18 |website=Colours of Glory |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Arpi |first=Claude |date=May 26, 2009 |title=An Ode to the Unsung Heroes of Ladakh |url=http://www.khandro.net/place_Ladakh_CArpi.htm |website=khandro.net}}</ref> Bhim Chand also played a vital role in the defence of [[Leh]], the capital of Ladakh.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Brig (retd.) Ashok Malhotra |url=https://docplayer.net/182574454-Trishul-ladakh-and-kargil.html |title=Trishul - Ladakh and Kargil, 1947-1993 |publisher=Lance Publishers & Distributors |year=2003 |location=New Delhi}}</ref>

==== Vir Chakra awards ====
The first Vir Chakra citation for Subedar Bhim Chand, dated 23 August 1948, reads as the following:<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">{{Cite book |last=Tobdan |title=The Brave Soldiers of Lahaul - the Saviours of Ladakh in 1948 |publisher=Kaveri Books |year=2022 |location=New Delhi |pages=40–41}}</ref>

{{Reduced pull quote|width=|quote="During the operation against Pakistan in August 1948, Sub Bhim Chand was ordered to recapture Lasringmo at a height of 18,500 ft. He appeared in the rear of the enemy position after a strenuous night march in extremely difficult most inhospitable terrain. He destroyed enemy ammunition and ordinance dumps. His successful attack resulted in the route of enemy who left behind many dead and one prisoner. In October, he destroyed 3.7 mch Howitzer at Basgo. In November, again he destroyed big enemy ammunition at Lamayuru. This JCO displayed gallantry, grit and calmness of the highest degree. He lived up to the highest traditions of his Regiment."|author=|source=}}

The second Vir Chakra citation of Subedar Bhim Chand, dated 27 December 1948, reads as the following:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Subedar Major and Honorary Captain (then Subedar) BHIM CHAND Vir Chakra |url=https://gallantryawards.gov.in/awardee/4254 |website=gallantryawards.gov.in}}</ref>

{{Reduced pull quote|width=|quote=Subedar BHIM CHAND was ordered to take out a Guerilla platoon and capture the last enemy positions in LEH Tehsil. To reach his objective he had to use ropes, picks and shovels on the way and had to cross snow covered peaks 22,000 ft. high. His platoon suffered 50 per cent. casualties from frost bite, but Subedar BHIM CHAND was confident and determined to fulfil his mission. Finally on 27 Dec. 1948 he made a surprise attack and captured enemy positions. The enemy ran away leaving behind six dead, three rifles, bren magazines, blankets and other stores. In this action the JCO showed great power of endurance, devotion to duty, magnificent capacity to organize and extraordinary determination to win his objective.|author=|source=}}

== References ==
<references />

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chand, Bhim}}
[[Category:People from Lahaul and Spiti district]]
[[Category:People of the India–Pakistan war of 1947–1948]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Vir Chakra]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Himachal Pradesh]]
[[Category:British Indian Army officers]]
[[Category:Indian Army personnel]]
[[Category:People from Punjab Province (British India)]]
[[Category:1905 births]]

[[Category:Year of death missing]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian royalty]]

[[Category:20th-century Indian military personnel]]

Punjab Lalit Kala Akademi

2026-04-26T03:40:34Z

Diazonium: creating first biography needs work!

{{Infobox organisation
| name = Punjab Lalit Kala Akademi
| image =
| image_border =
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| caption =
| map = 
| map_size = 
| map_alt = 
| map_caption =
| abbreviation =
| formation = {{Start date and years ago|df=yes|1966|08|05}}
| founder = [[M. S. Randhawa]]
| extinction = 
| type =
| status = 
| purpose = 
| headquarters = Punjab Arts Council, [[Chandigarh]]
| location = [[Chandigarh]], India
| coordinates = 
| fields = Fine arts and Culture
| region_served = [[India]]
| num_members =
| language = [[English language|English]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| secretary_general =
| leader_title = President
| leader_name = [[Diwan Manna]]<ref>{{cite web |title='Functioning of Akademies should be left to professionals': Diwan Manna |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/art-and-culture/functioning-of-akademies-should-be-left-to-professionals-diwan-manna-3062435/ |website=The Indian Express |language=en-IN |date=3 October 2016}}</ref>
| main_organ = 
| parent_organisation = [[Government of India]]
| affiliations = 
| num_staff =
| num_volunteers =
| budget =
| website = [http://lalitkalaakademipunjab.com/ lalitkalaakademipunjab.com]
| remarks =
}}
The '''Punjab Lalit Kala Akademi''' is [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]'s state academy of [[fine arts]]. It's an autonomous cultural organisation established and funded by the [[Government of Punjab, India|Government of Punjab]] to preserve and publicize the fine art and culture outside the state.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Objectives|url=https://lalitkala.gov.in/showdetails.php?id=43|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://lalitkalaakademipunjab.com/about/|title=PUNJAB LALIT KALA AKADEMI {{!}} Punjab Lalit Kala Akademi|website=lalitkalaakademipunjab.com|access-date=2019-05-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=List of grantees|url=https://www.lalitkala.gov.in/showdetails.php?id=196|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>

__FORCETOC__

==History==
Punjab Lalit Kala Akademi was founded in 1966. The Akademi was set up by the Government of Punjab to promote the associations and development of such collaborative efforts among the artists of Punjab state.<ref name=":1" />

In the year 1980 Akademi got recognition in the entire [[Northern India]] and for the first time Akademi organised the exhibition of Photography and Sculpture, Akademi also announced to grant awards of Rs. 13,500/- with certification to the participants.<ref name=":1" /> Akademi purchased the works from the artists displayed at the exhibitions in [[Chandigarh]] and sponsored an exhibition of [[All India Fine Arts and Crafts Society]]<ref name=":1" />

==Art gallery==
Punjab Lalit Kala Akademi Gallery is located in the building.<ref name=":0" />

==Publications==
It has also decided to foster the publications on art literature including [[monograph]]s, journals, art- albums etc.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=http://archive.org/details/TheSpokesmanWeeklyVol.30No.18December291980|title=The Spokesman Weekly Vol. 30 No. 18 December 29, 1980|last=Sikh Digital Library|language=English}}</ref> An art library was also established and equipped with books and journals on Indian and International art with intention to provide assets for future generations.<ref name=":1" />

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{official website|www.lalitkalaakademipunjab.com|Punjab Lalit Kala Akademi}}

{{coord|30|44|53.8|N|76|46|54.3|E|region:GB_type:landmark|display=title}}

[[Category:Schools in Punjab, India]]

Sankar Datta

2026-04-25T10:33:59Z

Diazonium: Stub - done

{{Short description|Indian academic and professional development worker (born 1958)}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{advert|date=February 2017}}
{{more footnotes|date=September 2013}}
}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2014}}

{{Infobox person
|name = Sankar Datta
|image = Sankar Datta Teaching.jpg
|caption =
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1958|02|17}}
|birth_place = [[Jamshedpur]], [[Bihar]], [[India]]
|spouse = Sonja Datta
|children = Soumya Sankar
|known_for = PRADAN, [[BASIX (India)]],The Livelihood School, [[Microfinance]], [[Livelihood]]
|occupation = Development Professional, [[Academic staff|Academic]], [[Professor]]
}}

Dr. '''Sankar Datta'''<ref name="Sankar Datta">{{cite web|title=Sankar Datta|url=http://azimpremjiuniversity.edu.in/sankar-datta|publisher=Azim Premji University|accessdate=2 July 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130824202925/http://azimpremjiuniversity.edu.in/sankar-datta|archivedate=24 August 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> (born 17 February 1958), is an Indian academic and professional development worker. Since the early 1980s, Datta is known for his engagement in rural livelihood promotion and support activities. Most of his field works have been in the undulating terrains of [[Central India]], such as, [[Chhota Udaipur]], in the west, and [[Jharkhand]] in the east, which are inhabited by various tribal groups.

Datta is a management graduate from the very first batch of [[Institute of Rural Management Anand]], Gujarat,<ref>{{cite web|last=Datta|first=Sankar|title=Author information|url=http://swb.co.in/author-info/7039|work=swb.co.in/|publisher=Scholars without Borders|accessdate=2 July 2013|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206181605/http://swb.co.in/author-info/7039|archivedate=6 February 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref> a graduate in Agriculture from [[G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology]] and Ph.D. in Economics from [[Sardar Patel University]].

== Background ==

Sankar Datta is a Development Evangelist, well known for his work in the field on livelihood support, as a part of institutions like PRADAN and BASIX. He was a professor at [[Azim Premji University]], Bengaluru,<ref name="Sankar Datta"/> and leading the Livelihood Initiative of the university as a Member of the Faculty of Institute of Rural Management, Anand (IRMA) and Indian Institute of Management-Ahmedabad (IIM-A).
Having started his journey as a Spearhead Team Leader organizing soybean farmers in central parts of India, he continued working with small rural producers as part of the founding teams of [[BASIX (India)|BASIX]]/ Indian Grameen Services<ref>{{cite web|last=Datta|first=Sankar|title=IGS eyes 'poorer' terrains to meet micro finance targets|url=http://financialexpress.com/news/IGS-eyes--poorer--terrains-to-meet-micro-finance-targets/241666|publisher=The Financial Express|accessdate=2 July 2013|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071218161101/http://www.financialexpress.com/news/IGS-eyes--poorer--terrains-to-meet-micro-finance-targets/241666/|archivedate=18 December 2007|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Datta|first=Sankar|title=India: Indian Grameen Services (IGS) Eyes 'Poorer' to Meet Microfinance Targets|date=22 November 2007|url=http://microcapital.org/news-wire-india-indian-grameen-services-igs-eyes-%E2%80%98poorer%E2%80%99-to-meet-microfinance-targets/|publisher=MicroCapital|accessdate=2 July 2013|url-status=usurped|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206184901/http://www.microcapital.org/news-wire-india-indian-grameen-services-igs-eyes-%e2%80%98poorer%e2%80%99-to-meet-microfinance-targets/|archivedate=6 February 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref> along with [[Vijay Mahajan]], [[Deep Joshi]], and PRADAN, two notable livelihood promotion and support institutions of India before joining the university.<ref>{{cite web|last=Datta|first=Sankar|title=Welcome to Indian Grameen Services|url=http://igsindia.org.in/|work=igsindia.org.in/|publisher=Indian Grameen Services|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130603104627/http://igsindia.org.in/|archivedate=3 June 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

He was also the member of faculty of [[Institute of Rural Management Anand]],<ref>{{cite journal |last=IRMA |journal=Network |date=December 1998 |volume=4 |series=4 |issue=70 |page=8 |title=Editorial |url=https://www.irma.ac.in/pdf/network_issue/70.PDF}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Factors Affecting Performance Of Village Level Organisations|url=http://www.irma.ac.in/researchandpublication/pub_catalogue_download.php?rp_category_id=2|work=INSTITUTE OF RURAL MANAGEMENT ANAND Research and Publication/ Catalogue / Working Papers|publisher=IRMA|accessdate=2 July 2013|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206113636/https://www.irma.ac.in/researchandpublication/pub_catalogue_download.php?rp_category_id=2|archivedate=6 February 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref> as well as policy forums such as Working Group of the [[Planning Commission (India)]] for the [[12th Five-Year Plan (India)]].<ref name="planningcommission.nic.in">{{cite web |title=Working Group on Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA) |url=http://planningcommission.nic.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp12/rd/wg_mgrega.pdf |publisher=Planning Commission ( Rural Development Division) |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111013132248/http://planningcommission.nic.in/aboutus/committee/wrkgrp12/rd/wg_mgrega.pdf |archivedate=2011-10-13 |accessdate=22 April 2014}}</ref>

Datta is known in India's development domain for his work in the area of Livelihoods.<ref>{{cite web|title=SPEAKERS-SANKAR DATTA|url=http://financialeducationsummit.org/2007/speakerinfo.php?profile=datta|work=CITI-FINANCIAL EDUCATIONAL SUMMIT|accessdate=2 July 2013|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130622210228/http://financialeducationsummit.org/2007/speakerinfo.php?profile=datta|archivedate=22 June 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Land for Infrastructure Development: Livelihoods and Fair Compensation |url=http://iitk.ac.in/3inetwork/html/reports/IIR2009/IIR_2009_Final_July%2009.pdf|work=INDIA INFRASTRUCTURE REPORT 2009|publisher=Oxford University Press |author1=Datta, Sankar|authorlink=Land for Infrastructure Development: Livelihoods and Fair Compensation|author2=Mahajan, Vijay|author3=Singha, Ashok Kumar |archivedate=2012-04-11 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120411082053/http://idfc.com/pdf/report/IIR-2009.pdf|pages=131–141|year=2009 |url-status=live |accessdate=22 April 2014}}</ref>

== Early life ==

Sankar Datta was born 17 February 1958, in Jamshedpur, Jharkhand (it was Bihar then), India. He spent his early childhood in [[Bihar]]. He did his schooling from [[Patha Bhavana]], Santiniketan.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}}

== Academic background ==

Datta's early school education was done at [[Visva-Bharati University|Patha Bhavana, Viswa Bharati, Santiniketan]], an institution founded by Rabindranath Tagore. He completed his post-graduation in [[Rural Management]] from [[Institute of Rural Management Anand]], after completing his graduation in Agriculture (B Sc Ag & AH) from [[G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology]]. He did his [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D]] on Factors Affecting Performance of Village Level Organisations in the area of Economics from [[Sardar Patel University]]. After that he pursued higher studies in [[Agribusiness]] management from the Cornell University.{{citation needed|date=July 2023}}

== Professional career ==

=== As an academic ===

*Datta is presently Professor, leading the Livelihood Initiatives.<ref name="Sankar Datta"/>
*He was the Dean of [http://thelivelihoodschool.in/ The Livelihood School] (now the [https://ilrtindia.org/ Institute of Livelihood Research and Training)] set up by [[BASIX (India)|BASIX]], undertaking research and training promoting livelihoods, especially of the poor households of the country;
*He was a member of the faculty in [https://www.irma.ac.in/ Institute of Rural Management, Anand (IRMA)] and Ravi Mathai Centre for Educational Innovation (RM-CEI) of [[Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad]].
*He was also a visiting faculty for several institutions like national Institute of rural development and panchayati raj in hyderabad, Xavier School of Rural Management (XSRM, Erstwhile XIMB-RM), ICAR-National Academy of Agricultural Research Management (ICAR-NAARM), National Institute of Agricultural Marketing (CCS NIAM), KSRM, TISS among others.

=== As a practitioner and development Professional ===
Datta has been closely associated with promotion of Rural Livelihoods as a Practitioner.
* He was in-charge of operations while setting up the [[BASIX (India)|BASIX]] group of Companies, a new generation livelihood support institution<ref>{{cite web|title=Sankar Datta|url=http://basixindia.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=115&Itemid=138|work=BASIX India Website|accessdate=2 July 2013|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203021805/http://www.basixindia.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=115&Itemid=138 |archivedate=3 December 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* He had initiated and headed the first livelihood project of [http://www.pradan.net/ PRADAN], a major livelihood support NGO of India
* He was a Team-Leader of the Spearhead Team responsible for promoting soybean in MP and organizing the network of producer co-operatives

== Other professional engagements ==
* Served on the Board of several institutions<ref>{{cite web|title=Board Members- Mother Earth|url=http://motherearth.co.in/about-us/board-members/|website=motherearth.co.in|accessdate=2 July 2013|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130709002605/http://motherearth.co.in/about-us/board-members/|archivedate=9 July 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> including Indian Grameen Services,<ref>{{cite web|last=Datta|first=Sankar|title=Board Members - Indian Grameen Services|url=http://igsindia.org.in/about-us/board-members|website=igsindia.org.in/|publisher=Indian Grameen Services|accessdate=2 July 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130731010623/http://igsindia.org.in/about-us/board-members|archivedate=31 July 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> [[Village Financial Services]] Ltd,<ref>{{cite web|last=Datta|first=Sankar|title=Board of Directors|url=http://www.village.net.in/board_of_directors/|work=village.net.in/|publisher=Village Financial Services|accessdate=2 July 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728012236/http://www.village.net.in/board_of_directors/|archivedate=28 July 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> IndusTree Crafts Ltd. Purbanchal Maitree Development Society.<ref>{{cite web|last=Datta|first=Sankar|title=Board of Director|url=http://www.mymaitri.org/our_board.html|work=Maitri|accessdate=2 July 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140418201044/http://www.mymaitri.org/our_board.html|archivedate=18 April 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* Member of the Advisory Committee of Center for Management in Agriculture (CMA) of the IIM-Ahmedabad
* Member of the Livelihood Advisory Group of the Sustainable Livelihoods India Initiative organized by ACCESS Development Services.
* Member of the Planning Commission Working Group for the 12th Five-Year Plan on MGNREGA.<ref name="planningcommission.nic.in" />

== Publications ==

Apart from presenting various papers<ref>{{cite web |title=Sankar Datta -Publications and Writings |url=http://azimpremjiuniversity.edu.in/pdf/sankardattapublications.pdf |publisher=Azim Premji University |accessdate=2 July 2013 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101235700/http://www.azimpremjiuniversity.edu.in/pdf/sankardattapublications.pdf |archivedate=1 November 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Datta|first=Sankar|title=Power, Politics and Village-Level Organisations: Oilseeds Growers' Co-operatives in MP|journal=Economic and Political Weekly| date=October 1997 |volume=32 |issue =39 (September 27 - October 3, 1997)|pages=A114–A120 |url=http://www.epw.in/review-agriculture/power-politics-and-village-level-organisations-oilseeds-growers-co-operatives-mp. |accessdate=22 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Datta|first=Sankar|author2=N. Srinivasan|title=Consolidating the Growth of Microfinance Microfinance India: State of the Sector Report 2008 by N. Srinivasan Review by: Sankar Datta|journal=Economic and Political Weekly|date=July 2008|volume= 44|series=No. 30|pages=31–32|jstor=40279309}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Books- Lead Author - Sankar Datta|url=http://www.sagepub.in/authorDetails.nav?contribId=658846|website=www.sagepub.in|publisher=SAGE Publications India Pvt. Ltd.|accessdate=2 July 2013|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313150326/http://www.sagepub.in/authorDetails.nav?contribId=658846|archivedate=13 March 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Rural Livelihood in Andhra Pradesh|url=http://www.apmas.org/pdf/Acknowledgement.pdf|work=Mahila Abhivruddhi Society, Andhra Pradesh (APMAS) and Indian School of Livelihood Promotion|publisher=Mahila Abivruddhi Society, Andhra Pradesh (APMAS)|accessdate=2 July 2013|author=Edited by Dr. S.Srinivas, APMAS, Dr. Sankar Datta, ISLP and Prof. S.J.Phansalkar|date=January 2006|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313130032/http://www.apmas.org/pdf/Acknowledgement.pdf|archivedate=13 March 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref> on the livelihood challenges faced by the poor in various national and international calamities he has published several books.<ref>{{cite book |title=Savings of the Poor: How they do it..|author=Sankar Datta|author2=S L Narayana, Sirnivas |date=23 December 2010 |isbn=978-8182910874}}</ref> One of his frequently used publications is the Resource Book for Livelihood Promotion,<ref>{{cite web|last=Datta|first=Sankar|title=A resource book for livelihood promotion|url=https://www.amazon.com/resource-book-livelihood-promotion/dp/B007HGSTYE/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1372762892&sr=1-1|work=amazon.com/|publisher=Ford Foundation|accessdate=2 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=An Introduction to Livelihood Promotion|url=http://www.ruralfinance.org/library/policy-advice/livelihood-promotion/livelihood-promotion-details/ru/?no_cache=1&srec=10382&tdet=training&tdet2=&tdet3=2&referer=MTA1MjU|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140313115615/http://www.ruralfinance.org/library/policy-advice/livelihood-promotion/livelihood-promotion-details/ru/?no_cache=1&srec=10382&tdet=training&tdet2=&tdet3=2&referer=MTA1MjU|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 March 2014|website=www.ruralfinance.org/|accessdate=28 June 2013}}</ref> co-authored with [[Vijay Mahajan]] and Gitali Thakur.
He has also been involved in designing and editing the first five years of the State of India's Livelihood Report.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.accessdev.org/downloads/the_soil_report_2008.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2016-04-24 |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202201853/http://www.accessdev.org/downloads/the_soil_report_2008.pdf |archivedate=2 February 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

== Expertise ==

*Rural Development in General and livelihood promotion & support in specific.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sankar Datta: Face to face with Sarpanches|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/sankar-datta-face-to-face-with-sarpanches-108113001027_1.html|accessdate=2 July 2013|newspaper=Business Standard|date=November 30, 2008|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206181332/http://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/sankar-datta-face-to-face-with-sarpanches-108113001027_1.html|archivedate=6 February 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
*Dry land farming and Value Chain Management<ref>{{cite web|last=Datta|first=Sankar|title=Sankar Datta on the need for integrated financial services|url=http://microlinks.kdid.org/learning-marketplace/blogs/2011-seep-annual-conference-sankar-datta-need-integrated-financial-servic#sthash.C2ssYf9q.dpuf|work=microlinks.kdid.org/|publisher=Microlinks|accessdate=2 July 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130702112128/http://microlinks.kdid.org/learning-marketplace/blogs/2011-seep-annual-conference-sankar-datta-need-integrated-financial-servic#sthash.C2ssYf9q.dpuf|archivedate=2 July 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
*Gandhian economics for supporting livelihoods
*Value Chain Development

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
*https://web.archive.org/web/20130824202925/http://azimpremjiuniversity.edu.in/sankar-datta
*http://jstor.org/stable/4405894
*http://jstor.org/stable/40279309
*https://archive.today/20150209102208/http://epw.in/authors/sankar-datta
*http://in.linkedin.com/in/sankardatta
*http://sagepub.in/authorDetails.nav?contribId=658846
*http://financialeducationsummit.org/2007/speakerinfo.php?profile=datta
*http://microlinks.kdid.org/learning-marketplace/blogs/2011-seep-annual-conference-sankar-datta-need-integrated-financial-servic
*http://69.89.31.196/~basixind/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=115&Itemid=138
*https://web.archive.org/web/20130728012236/http://www.village.net.in/board_of_directors/
*https://web.archive.org/web/20130731010623/http://igsindia.org.in/about-us/board-members
*https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/12793/701640ESW0P1250ings000LowResolution.txt?sequence=2
*http://dscindia.org/UserFiles/Downloads/DSC-LARA-2-Livelihood-010411.pdf?typ..
*http://indiamicrofinance.com/sankar-datta-livelihood-school.html
*http://mymaitri.org/our_board.html
*http://sagepub.in/books/Book238935?prodTypes=any&seriesId=Series2195&sortBy=defaultPubDate%20desc&fs=1
*http://uk.sagepub.com/books/Book238935?seriesId=Series2195&fs=1
*http://swb.co.in/author-info/7039
*http://accessdev.org/downloads/soil_report_2010.pdf
*http://mainumby.org.bo/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/Bangalore-meeting-report-FINAL.pdf
*http://pubs.iied.org/pdfs/G02735.pdf
*https://web.archive.org/web/20150209155841/http://azimpremjiuniversity.edu.in/talk-apu-community-university-aesthetic-rabindranath-pedagogy-and-festival
*https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3bfMf21c14
*https://web.archive.org/web/20100211125500/http://www.indiadevelopmentblog.com/2009/01/almost-live-blogging-basix-and-sks.html
*https://web.archive.org/web/20130705090127/http://aajeevika.gov.in/studies/pradan-publications/wpc-report.pdf
*http://dscindia.org/UserFiles/Downloads/DSC-LARA-2-Livelihood-010411.pdf?typ..
*http://lawbooks.com.au/book-search/search.do?authorName=%22Sankar%20Datta%20(Livelihood%20School%20and%20Indian%20Grameen%20Services,%20Hyderabad)%22&txtQuery=%22Sankar%20Datta%20(Livelihood%20School%20and%20Indian%20Grameen%20Services,%20Hyderabad)%22&searchBy=author

{{DEFAULTSORT:Datta, Sankar}}
[[Category:1958 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:20th-century Bengali people]]
[[Category:People from Jamshedpur]]

Fourth Mayawati ministry

2026-04-22T02:34:43Z

Diazonium:

{{Short description|Government of Uttar Pradesh, India (2007–12)}}
{{Infobox government cabinet|cabinet_name=Fourth Mayawati ministry|cabinet_number=20th|jurisdiction=Uttar Pradesh|flag=File:Seal of Uttar Pradesh.svg | image = Mayawati in 2016.jpg|| image_size = 200px || caption = '''[[Mayawati|Kumari Mayawati]]''' '''[[Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh | Hon'ble Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh]]'''
| date_formed=13 May 2007|date_dissolved=15 March 2012|government_head=[[Mayawati]]|state_head=* [[T. V. Rajeswar]] (until July 2009)
* [[B. L. Joshi]] (from July 2009)|| political_party = {{Color box|{{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}|border=darkgray}} '''[[Bahujan Samaj Party]]'''| legislature_status = [[Majority government|Majority]] {{Composition bar|206|403|{{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party }}|background-color=|border border-color=darkgray|width=|per=1}} || opposition_party = {{Color box|{{party color|Samajwadi Party}}|border=darkgray}} [[Samajwadi Party]]||opposition_leader=
*[[Mulayam Singh Yadav]] ([[Bihar Legislative Assembly|Assembly]])
*[[Ahmad Hasan]] ([[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council|Council]])
|election=[[2007 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]|legislature_term=5 years|previous=[[Third Mulayam Singh Yadav ministry]]|successor=[[Akhilesh Yadav ministry]]}}

The '''Fourth Mayawati ministry''' was the Council of Ministers in the [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|15th Uttar Pradesh Assembly]], headed by [[Chief Minister]] [[Mayawati]].

The ministry was formed after the [[2007 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]], in which the [[Bahujan Samaj Party]] (BSP), under Mayawati's leadership, secured an absolute majority by winning 206 out of 403 seats.<ref>{{cite news |date=11 May 2007 |title=BSP wins majority in UP, Mayawati to be CM |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/bsp-wins-majority-in-up-mayawati-to-be-cm/articleshow/2031371.cms |access-date=24 June 2025 |publisher=The Times of India}}</ref> She took oath as the Chief Minister on 13 May 2007.<ref>{{cite news |date=13 May 2007 |title=Mayawati sworn in as Uttar Pradesh CM for fourth time |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/mayawati-sworn-in-as-uttar-pradesh-cm-for-fourth-time/story-iUzE1BKOErUeNm4ZpdA0CK.html |access-date=24 June 2025 |publisher=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite news |date=14 May 2007 |title=Mayawati allocates portfolios to cabinet ministers |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/mayawati-allocates-portfolios-to-cabinet-ministers/article1839704.ece |access-date=24 June 2025 |publisher=The Hindu}}</ref>

== Cabinet Ministers ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Sl No.
!Name
!Department
! colspan="2" scope="col" | Party
|-
|1
|[[Mayawati]]

=== [[Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh|Chief Minister]] ===
|
* Home,
* Vigilance,
* Personnel,
* Appointments,
* Secretariat Administration,
* '''other departments not allocated to any Minister'''
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|2
|[[Naseemuddin Siddiqui]]
|
* Excise
* Public Works
* Irrigation
* Housing
* Urban Planning
* Census
* Sugarcane Development

* '''Any Other'''
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|3
|[[Babu Singh Kushwaha]]
|
* Family Welfare,
* Medical Education,
* Family Welfare,
* Panchayati Raj,
* Mining,
* Geology,
* Cooperative
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|4
|[[Swami Prasad Maurya]]
|
* Revenue,
* Relief,
* Rehabilitation,
* Public Grievances.<ref>राजस्व विभाग उत्तर प्रदेश शासनादेश, 2011.</ref>
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|5
|[[Sukhdev Rajbhar]]
|
* Rural Development,
* Panchayati Raj
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|6
|[[Lalji Verma]]
|
* Finance,
* Planning
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|7
|[[Ramveer Upadhyay]]
|
* Energy,
* Transport
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|8
|[[Indrajit Saroj]]
|
* Social Welfare
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|9
|[[Rajnath Sonkar Shastri]]
|
* Labour and Employment
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
| 10 || [[Thakur Jaiveer Singh]]||
* Secondary Education, later Rural Development,
* Agricultural Marketing,
* Agricultural Foreign Trade. .<ref>उत्तर प्रदेश सरकार मंत्रिमंडल पुनर्गठन आदेश, 2011.</ref>
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
| 11 || [[Veer Singh (politician)|Veer Singh]] ||
* Labour and Employment,
* Sericulture,
* Weaving.<ref>उत्तर प्रदेश राजपत्र (सरकारी अधिसूचना), 2007.</ref>
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
| 12 || [[Laxmi Narayan Chaudhary]] ||
* Agricultural Marketing,
* Agricultural Foreign Trade,
* Agriculture Export Promotion.<ref>कृषि विपणन एवं कृषि निर्यात विभाग शासनादेश, 2010.</ref>
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
| 13 || [[Rakeshdhar Tripathi]]||
* Higher Education
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
| 14 || [[Janardan Dwivedi Narayan Rai]] ||
* Registration,
* Stamp,
* Judicial Duties .<ref>उत्तर प्रदेश शासन, विधि विभाग अधिसूचना, 2011.</ref>
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
| 15 || [[Nakul Dubey]] ||
* Urban Development,
* Water Resources,
* Environment,
* Culture,
* Urban Planning,
* Tax and Institutional Finance
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
| 16 || [[Daddu Prasad]] ||
* Rural Development
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
| 17 || [[Narayan Singh]] ||
* Horticulture
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
| 18 || [[Sudhir Goyal]] ||
* Information, Science and Technology.
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
| 19 || [[Ram Prasad Chaudhary]] ||
* Food & Civil Supplies,
* Civil Supplies Control, Consumer Protection.
* Food & Civil Supplies was retained while Measurement & Distribution was removed.
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
| 20 || [[Dharam Singh Saini]]||
* Vocational Education
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
| 21 || [[Rangnath Mishra]] <ref name="Jagran">{{Cite web |title=पूर्व मंत्री रंगनाथ मिश्र बसपा प्रभारी घोषित|url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/bhadohi-former-minister-ranganath-mishra-declared-bsp-incharge-18961320.html |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=Jagran |language=hi}}</ref>||
* Secondary Education
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
| 22 || [[Ayodhya Prasad Pal]] ||
* Sports & Youth Welfare
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|}

== Minister of State ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Sl No.
!Name
!Department
! colspan="2" scope="col" | Party
|-
|1
|[[Chandradev Ram Yadav]]
|
* Small Scale Industries
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|2
|[[Ashok Kumar (Uttar Pradesh politician)|Ashok Kumar]]
|
* Land Development and Water Resources
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|3
|[[Rajpal Tyagi]]
|
* Agricultural Education and Research
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|4
|[[Subhash Pandey]]
|
* Culture
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|5
|[[Dharamraj Nishad]]
|
* Fisheries
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
| 6 || [[Nand Gopal Gupta|Nand Gopal Gupta 'Nandi']] ||
* Institutional Finance
* Stamp, Registration
* Court Fees
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
| 7 || [[Kamalakant Gautam]] ||
* Finance later Education and Research.
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
| 8 || [[Yograj Singh (politician)|Yograj Singh Balyan]]||
* Agro Education & Research
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |

|}

== Minister of State (Independent Charge) ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Sl No.
!Name
!Department
! colspan="2" scope="col" |Party
|-
|1
|[[Dharamraj Nishad]]
|
* Fisheries <ref name=":0" />
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|2
|[[Ram Achal Rajbhar]]
|
* Transport
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|3
|[[Anis Ahmad Khan]]
|
* Minority Welfare
* Haj
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|4
|[[Ayodhya Prasad Pal]]
|
* Sports
* Youth Welfare
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|5
|[[Jamuna Nishad]]
|
* Fisheries
* Nautical Welfare
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|6
|[[Omwati]]
|
* Technical Education
* Food and Civil Supplies
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|7
|[[Badshah Singh]]
|
* Labour
* Small Scale Industries
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|8
|[[Rangnath Mishra]]<ref name=":0" />
|
* Rural Engineering Services
* Secondary Education
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|9
|[[Vinod Kumar (politician)|Vinod Kumar]]
|
* Tourism
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|10
|[[Fateh Bahadur Singh]]
|
* Forest
* Animal Husbandry
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|11
|[[Lakhi Ram Nagar]]
|
* Minor Irrigation
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|12
|Avadhesh Kumar Verma
|
* Backward Classes Welfare
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|13
|Ramhet
|
* Election
* Consumer Protection and Weights & Measures
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|14
|[[Ram Pal Verma]]
|
* Resettlement and Land Development
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|15
|Anant Kumar Mishra
|
* Health
* Medical Education
* Co-operatives
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|16
|Awadhpal Singh Yadav
|
* Animal Husbandry
* Dairy Development
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|17
|[[Akbar Husain]]
|
* Additional Energy Sources
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|18
|[[Sadal Prasad]]
|
* Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Welfare
* Vocational and Technical Education
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|19
|[[Yashwant Singh (Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council member)|Yashwant Singh]]
|
* Urban Employment and Poverty Alleviation Programme
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|20
|Ratan Lal Ahirwar
|
* Ambedkar Village Development
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|21
|[[Anand Sen Yadav]]
|
* Food Processing
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|22
|[[Thakur Jaivir Singh|Jaiveer Singh]]
|
* Flood Control
* Drainage Scheme
* Minor Irrigation
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|23
|[[Bhagwati Prasad Sagar]]
|
* Rehabilitation
* Vocational Education
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|24
|[[Sangram Singh (politician)|Sangram Singh]]
|
* Food and Logistics
* Khadi and Village Industries
* Silk Industry
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|25
|[[Abdul Mannan]]
|
* Agricultural Foreign Trade
* Agricultural Marketing
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|26
|[[Yograj Singh]]
|
* Agricultural Education
* Agricultural Research<ref name=":0" />
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|27
|Vidhya Choudhary
|
* Finance
* Women Welfare
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|28
|Rajesh Tiwari
|
* Homeopathic Medicine
* Religious Affairs
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|29
|[[Masood Islam Ansari]]
|
* Muslim Waqf
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|30
|[[Sudhir Mishra]]
|
* Ayurveda
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|31
|[[Har Om]]
|
* Home Guards
* Civil Defence
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|-
|32
|[[Yashpal Singh (politician)|Yashpal Singh]]
|
* Science and Technology
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| width="4px" style="background-color: {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |
|}

== See also ==
* [[Mayawati]]
* [[Third Mayawati ministry]]
* [[Bahujan Samaj Party]]
* [[2007 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Uttar Pradesh ministries|Mayawati IV]]
[[Category:2007 establishments in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian ministries established in 2007|Mayawati IV]]
[[Category:Indian ministries disestablished in 2012|Mayawati IV]]
[[Category:Long stubs with short prose]]

Kanaka line

2026-04-17T01:36:08Z

Diazonium:

{{short description|Planned suburban rail line in Bengaluru, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox rail line
| name = Kanaka line
| native_name = Kanaka mārga
| color = {{rail color|Bengaluru Suburban Railway|Kanaka}}
| logo = [[File:Kride logo.png|100px]]
| logo_width =
| image =
| image_width = 300px
| caption =
| type = [[Commuter rail]]
| status = Under-construction
| locale =
| start = Heelalige
| end = Rajanakunte
| stations = 17
| routes =
| daily_ridership =
| planopen = {{start date and age|March 2027|df=y}}<ref name="malligekanaka_deadline">{{Cite web |date=2025-01-17 |title=Railways to construct new terminal at Devanahalli; Bengaluru suburban rail corridor deadline pushed to 2027 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/bangalore/railways-new-terminal-devanahalli-bengaluru-suburban-rail-corridor-deadline-pushed-2027-9783585/ |access-date=2025-01-17 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
| close =
| owner = Rail Infrastructure Development Company (Karnataka) Limited [https://kride.in/about/ K-RIDE]
| operator = Rail Infrastructure Development Company (Karnataka) Limited [https://kride.in/about/ K-RIDE]
| character = Elevated and at-grade
| depot = TBD
| stock =
| linelength = {{cvt|47.74|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| tracklength =
| tracks = [[Double-track railway|Double-track]]
| gauge = {{Track gauge|5ft6in|lk=on}} [[Broad-gauge railway|broad gauge]]
| minradius =
| electrification = {{25 kV 50 Hz}} [[Overhead line|overhead catenary]]
| speed =
| map = {{Kanaka Line, Bengaluru Suburban}}
}}

The '''Kanaka line''' is an under-construction [[Bengaluru Suburban Railway|Bengaluru Suburban]] rail line between Heelalige and Rajanakunte. The {{cvt|35|km}} long [[Broad-gauge railway|broad-gauge]] line was approved in 2019. The construction works for the line which is also referred as 'corridor-4' began in 2024. The line is named after the flower ''Kanaka'' (''[[Crossandra infundibuliformis]]'') in [[Kannada]].

== History ==
The Heelalige to Rajanakunte line via Yelahanka was the longest among the four proposed corridors by RITES in 2019.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-11-05 |title=Bengaluru’s suburban rail dream now closer to reality |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/bengalurus-suburban-rail-dream-now-closer-to-reality/articleshow/71914958.cms |access-date=2025-01-18 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> It was then approved in the following year along with other corridors.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Centre approves Bengaluru suburban rail project |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/bengaluru/centre-approves-bengaluru-suburban-rail-project-898773.html |access-date=2025-01-16 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref> The line was then named after the regional flower's Kannada name ''Kanaka''.<ref>{{Cite web|date=6 March 2021|first1=Christin Mathew|last1=Philip|title=Bengaluru suburban rail corridors likely to be named after flowers|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/bengaluru-suburban-corridors-likely-to-be-named-after-flowers/articleshow/81368480.cms|access-date=10 July 2021|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>

In 2024, minister for railways in Karnataka, V Somanna stated that the [[Mallige line|Mallige]] (line 2) along with Kanaka (line 4) were prioritised over the other two.<ref name="2&4_priority">{{Cite web |date=2024-11-28 |title=Bengaluru Suburban Railway Project: ‘Corridors 2 and 4 are priority now,’ says minister V Somanna amid talks on axing Corridor 3 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/bangalore/bengaluru-suburban-railway-project-9692659/ |access-date=2025-01-15 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> In 2024, the pre-construction works for the line had commenced along with acquisition process of private land for the corridor, and work had already commenced on minor bridges and earth-retaining structures.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vivan |first=Sridhar |title=Bengaluru Suburban Rail corridor 4 construction update |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/bengaluru-suburban-rail-corridor-4-construction-update/articleshow/112049947.cms |access-date=2025-01-18 |website=Bangalore Mirror |language=en}}</ref>

For phase wise construction works, the line was divided in two packages C4A and C4B. The corridor 4A ran from Heelalige to Kaggadasapura while 4B from Channasandara to Rajanakunte.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-09-10 |title=Two Firms Bid For Bengaluru Suburban Rail’s Packages C4A & C4B - Metro Rail News |url=https://metrorailnews.in/bids-for-bengaluru-suburban-rail-project-packages/ |access-date=2025-01-18 |language=en-US}}</ref> The line is planned to be opened by March 2027 along with Mallige.<ref name="malligekanaka_deadline"/>

=== Construction ===
[[File:Bengaluru Suburban Railway's Kanaka Line under-construction.jpg|thumb|Construction activities of Kanaka line near Dooravani Nagara in East Bengaluru.]]
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan="6" style="background:#{{rcr|Bengaluru Suburban Railway|Kanaka}};" | '''History'''
|-
! Section
! Opening
! colspan="2" | Terminals
! Length
! Stations
|-
| C4A
| ''March 2027''
| Heelalige
| Kaggadasapura
| {{cvt|20|km}}
| 9
|-
| C4B
| ''March 2027''
| Kaggadasapura
| Rajanakunte
| {{cvt|27|km}}
| 8
|}

== Stations ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
! colspan="7" style="background:#{{rcr|Bengaluru Suburban Railway|Kanaka}};" | '''Kanaka Line'''
|-
! rowspan="2" | #
! colspan="2" | Station Name
! rowspan="2" | Opening
! rowspan="2" | Connections / Transits / Terminals
! rowspan="2" | Station Layout
! rowspan="2" | Platform Level Type
|-
! [[English language|English]]||[[Kannada]]
|-
| 1
| [[Heelalige]]
| [[Heelalige|ಹೀಲಲಿಗೆ]]
| rowspan="22" | March 2027<ref name="malligekanaka_deadline"/>
|
| rowspan="22"| TBD
| rowspan="22"| Side
|-
| 2
| [[Bommasandra]] (Future Station)
| [[Bommasandra|ಬೊಮ್ಮಸಂದ್ರ]]
|
|-
| 3
| Singena Agrahaara
| ಸಿಂಗೇನ ಅಗ್ರಹಾರ
|
|-
| 4
| Huskuru
| ಹುಸ್ಕೂರು
|
|-
| 5
| Ambedkar Nagara
| ಅಂಬೇಡ್ಕರ್ ನಗರ
|
|-
| 6
| [[Carmelaram|Karmelaram]]
| [[Carmelaram|ಕರ್ಮೇಲರಂ]]
| {{rint|bengaluru|metro}} {{rcb|Namma Metro|Red|croute}}
|-
| 7
| [[Bellandur|Bellanduru Road]]
| [[Bellandur|ಬೆಳ್ಳಂದೂರು ರಸ್ತೆ]]
|
|-
| 8
| [[Marathahalli|Marathahalli]]
| [[Marathahalli|ಮಾರತಹಳ್ಳಿ]]
|
|-
| 9
| Bagmane (Future Station)
| ಬಾಗ್ಮನೆ
|
|-
| 10
| Doddanekundi
| ದೊಡ್ಡನೆಕುಂದಿ
| {{rint|bengaluru|metro}} {{rcb|Namma Metro|Blue|croute}}
|-
| 11
| Kaggadasapura
| ಕಗ್ಗದಾಸಪುರ
|
|-
| 12
| Benniganahalli
| ಬೆನ್ನಿಗಾನಹಳ್ಳಿ
| {{rint|bengaluru|metro}} {{rcb|Namma Metro|Purple|croute}} {{RouteBox|Mallige|Mallige line|#{{rcr|Bengaluru Suburban Railway|Mallige}}|black}} (''Under-construction'')
|-
| 13
| [[Channasandra railway station|Channasandara]]
| [[Channasandra railway station|ಚನ್ನಸಂದರ]]
|
|-
| 14
| [[Horamavu|Horamavu]]
| [[Horamavu|ಹೊರಮಾವು]]
|
|-
| 15
| Hennuru
| ಹೆಣ್ಣೂರು
|
|-
| 16
| [[Thanisandra railway station|Thanisandara]]
| [[Thanisandra railway station|ಥಣಿಸಂದ್ರ]]
|-
| 17
| R.K.Hegde Nagara
| ಹೆಗಡೆ ನಗರ
|
|-
| 18
| Jakkuru
| ಜಕ್ಕೂರು
|
|-
|
| ''New station''
| ''ಹೊಸ ನಿಲ್ದಾಣ''
|
|-
| 19
| [[Yelahanka Junction railway station|Yelahanka]]
| [[Yelahanka Junction railway station|ಯಲಹಂಕ]]
| {{RouteBox|Sampige|Sampige line|#{{rcr|Bengaluru Suburban Railway|Sampige}}|black}} (''Planned'')
|-
|
| ''New station''
| ''ಹೊಸ ನಿಲ್ದಾಣ''
|
|-
| 18
| Muddanahalli
| ಮುದ್ದನಹಳ್ಳಿ
|
|-
|
| ''New station''
| ''ಹೊಸ ನಿಲ್ದಾಣ''
|
|-
| 19
| Rajanakunte
| ರಾಜನಕುಂಟೆ
|
|}

==See also==
* [[Urban rail transit in India]]
** [[Bengaluru Suburban Railway]]
** [[Namma Metro]]
** [[Sampige line]]
** [[Mallige line]]
** [[Parijaata line]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://kride.in/sub-urban-rail-project/ KRide]

[[Category:Proposed railway lines in India]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Bengaluru]]

Arthur S. Lall

2026-04-16T14:18:51Z

Diazonium: made stub - done

{{Short description|Indian diplomat (1911–1998)}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Arthur S. Lall
| image = Arthur S. Lall.jpg
| office = 4th [[Permanent Representative of India to the United Nations]]
| term_start = September 1954
| term_end = December 1958
| predecessor = [[Rajeshwar Dayal]]
| successor = Chandra Shekhar Jha
<ref name="Permanent Mission of India to the UN, New York 2015">{{cite web | title=Welcome to Permanent Mission of India to the UN, New York | website=Welcome to Permanent Mission of India to the UN, New York | date=2015-07-15 | url=https://pminewyork.gov.in/representative | access-date=2021-12-03}}</ref>
| prime_minister = [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date text |1911}}
| birth_place = [[Lahore]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1998|9|13|1911|df=y}}
| death_place = [[New York City|New York]], US
| education =
| alma_mater = [[University of Oxford]]
}}

'''Arthur Samuel Lall''' (1911 {{endash}} 13 September 1998) was an Indian diplomat, writer, and [[Anti-nuclear movement|anti-nuclear activist]] who served as a [[Consul (representative)|consul general]] of India and the 4th [[Permanent Representative of India to the United Nations|permanent representative of India to the United Nations]] from September 1954 to December 1958. He also represented the country at the [[Eighteen Nation Committee on Disarmament]] in 1962.<ref name="Lall Krasno Haven 1990">{{cite web | last=Lall | first=Arthur S. (Arthur Samuel) | last2=Krasno | first2=Jean E. | last3=Haven | first3=Yale University (New | title=Interview with Arthur Lall / | website=United Nations Digital Library System | date=1990-06-27 | url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/478471 | language=la | access-date=2021-12-03}}</ref>

Best known for his role to involve the newly [[Indian Independence Act 1947|independent India]] in the [[International affairs]], he also wrote several books on politics such as ''The UN and the Middle East crisis, 1967'' and ''The Emergence of Modern India'' besides writing novels and poems.<ref name="DAG Repository 1990">{{cite web | title=Interview with Arthur Samuel Lall by Jean Krasno | website=DAG Repository | date=1990-06-27 | url=http://dag.un.org/handle/11176/89732 | access-date=2021-12-03}}</ref>

== Biography ==
Lal was born in [[Lahore]], [[British Raj|British India]] into a Christian family. After the [[Partition of India|Indian subcontinent partitioned into two sovereign state]]s, his family moved from Lahore, Pakistan to India. His brother [https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/down-memory-lane-column-ics-men/article6646452.ece John S. Lall] was appointed [[dewan]] of the [[Kingdom of Sikkim]]. Lal obtained his education from the [[University of the Punjab]], Lahore and the [[University of Oxford]].

Prior to his diplomatic career, he was a government official in [[New Delhi]] and the first [[trade commissioner]] of India in London. An opponent of the nuclear weapons and testing, he saw [[Operation Smiling Buddha|India's first nuclear test]] in May 1974.

He was actively involved in the [[Strategic Arms Limitation Talks]] between the [[United States]] and the [[Soviet Union]] during his diplomatic career.<ref name="The New York Times 1998">{{cite web | title=Arthur Lall, 87, Indian Diplomat and Scholar | website=The New York Times | date=1998-09-21 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/21/world/arthur-lall-87-indian-diplomat-and-scholar.html | access-date=2021-12-03}}</ref> After retiring from the service, he moved to [[Manhattan]] where he taught [[international relations]] at the [[School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University]].

=== Writing career ===
As a writer, he wrote several books, including [[poetry]] and [[novel]]s. In 1967 he wrote two books such as the ''Modern International Negotiations: Principles and Practices'' and ''How China Negotiates''. He wrote his last book ''The Emergence of Modern India'' in 1981. Besides writing on politics and the international relations, he also wrote [[fiction]]. He wrote a novel in 1956 titled ''The House at Adampur'' and ''Seasons of Jupiter'' in 1958.<ref name="Chicago Tribune 1998">{{cite web | title=ARTHUR S. LALL, INDIAN DIPLOMAT IN 1950S, '60S | website=Chicago Tribune | date=1998-09-22 | url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1998-09-22-9809220221-story.html | access-date=2021-12-03}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lall, Arthur Samuel}}
[[Category:1911 births]]
[[Category:1998 deaths]]
[[Category:University of the Punjab alumni]]
[[Category:Permanent representatives of India to the United Nations]]
[[Category:Columbia School of International and Public Affairs faculty]]

Dooru Assembly constituency

2026-04-15T23:20:36Z

Diazonium: New.

{{Short description|Constituency of the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Dooru
| state = [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| district = [[Anantnag district|Anantnag]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Anantnag-Rajouri Lok Sabha constituency|Anantnag-Rajouri]]
| established = 1962
| type=SLA
| constituency_no = 41
| mla = [[Ghulam Ahmad Mir]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
}}
'''Dooru''' is one of the 90 constituencies in the [[Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], a northern [[Union Territory]] of [[India]]. Dooru is also part of [[Anantnag-Rajouri Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/12211-delimitation-of-constituencies-in-jammu-kashmir-assamarunachal-pradesh-manipur-and-nagaland-notification-dated-06032020/ |title=Delimitation of Constituencies in Jammu-Kashmir, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur and Nagaland - Notification dated 06.03.2020 - Delimitation - Election Commission of India |newspaper=eci.gov.in |accessdate=2021-06-27}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/13193-delimitation-of-constituencies-in-jammu-kashmir-notification-dated-03032021/ |title=Delimitation of Constituencies in Jammu-Kashmir - Notification dated 03.03.2021 - Presidential Orders/ Delimitation Commission Orders |website=Election Commission of India |date= 3 March 2021 |accessdate= 2021-06-27}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Sitting and previous MLAs from Dooru Assembly Constituency|url=https://www.elections.in/jammu-and-kashmir/assembly-constituencies/dooru.html|access-date=2021-06-27|website=Elections.in}}</ref>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Election
!Member
!colspan=2|Party
|-
| [[1960 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
| [[Syed
Mir Qasim]]
| {{Full party name with color|Jammu and Kashmir National Conference|rowspan=5}}
|-
| [[1977 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
| [[Haji Abdul Gani Khan]]
|-
| [[1983 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1983]]
| [[Mohammad Akbar Ganie]]
|-
| [[1987 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1987]]
| [[Mohammad Akbar Ganie]]
|-
| [[1996 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1996]]
| [[Ghulam Hassan Wani]]
|-
| [[2002 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2002]]
|rowspan =2|[[Ghulam Ahmad Mir]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2008 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2008]]
|-
| [[2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2014]]
| [[Syed Farooq Ahmad Andrabi]]
| {{Full party name with color|Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party}}
|-
| [[2024 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
| [[Ghulam Ahmad Mir]]
| {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|}

== Election results ==
===Assembly Election 2024 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2024 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Dooru<ref>{{cite news|last1=Election Commission of India|title=J&K Assembly Election Results 2024 - Bandipora|url=https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenOct2024/candidateswise-U0815.htm|access-date=10 October 2024|date=8 October 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241010072117/https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenOct2024/candidateswise-U0815.htm|archive-date=10 October 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Ghulam Ahmad Mir]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=44,270 |percentage=61.15% |change={{increase}}23.91 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammad Ashraf Malik |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |votes=14,542 |percentage=20.09% |change={{decrease}}17.49 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Saleem Paray |party=Democratic Progressive Azad Party |votes=2,877 |percentage=3.97% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes=2,662 |percentage=3.68% |change={{increase}}1.61 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Hilal Ahmad Malik |party=Independent politician |votes=2,292 |percentage=3.17% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bashir Ahmad Wani |party=Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party |votes=2,108 |percentage=2.91% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Iqbal Ahangar |party=Independent politician |votes=1,502 |percentage=2.07% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohsin Shafqat Mir |party=Aam Aadmi Party |votes=839 |percentage=1.16% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Nizamuddin Bhat |party=Independent politician |votes=839 |percentage=1.16% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=29,728 |percentage=41.06% |change= {{increase}}40.73 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=72,397 |percentage=62.01% |change= {{decrease}}2.98 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 1,16,749 |ref = |change= {{increase}}57.09 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |swing= {{increase}}23.57 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2014 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Dooru<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=Jammu & Kashmir 2014 - Jammu & Kashmir - Election Commission of India |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3797-jammu-kashmir-2014/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190613150235/https://eci.gov.in/files/file/3797-jammu-kashmir-2014/ |archive-date=2019-06-13 |access-date= |website=eci.gov.in}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Syed Farooq Ahmad Andrabi]] |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |votes=18,150 |percentage=37.58% |change={{increase}}14.88 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Ghulam Ahmad Mir]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=17,989 |percentage=37.24% |change={{increase}}1.05 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Farooq Ahmad Ganai |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=8,251 |percentage=17.08% |change={{decrease}}0.42 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gull Mohammad Mir |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=1,030 |percentage=2.13% |change={{increase}}0.58 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes=997 |percentage=2.06% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Syed Shariq Hussain |party=Independent politician |votes=734 |percentage=1.52% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Suhail Malik |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference |votes=500 |percentage=1.04% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Syed Rasheed Ahmad |party=Independent politician |votes=329 |percentage=0.68% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=161 |percentage=0.33% |change= {{decrease}}13.16 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=48,303 |percentage=64.99% |change= {{decrease}}4.84 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 74,321 |ref = |change= {{increase}}18.34 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{increase}}1.39 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2008 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2008 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Dooru<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2008 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=https://ceojk.nic.in/pdf/10-Detailed%20Results.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225073739/https://ceojk.nic.in/pdf/10-Detailed%20Results.pdf|archive-date=25 December 2024|access-date=25 December 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Ghulam Ahmad Mir]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=15,870 |percentage=36.19% |change={{decrease}}30.00 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Syed Farooq Ahmad Andrabi]] |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |votes=9,952 |percentage=22.69% |change={{increase}}12.55 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Akbar Ganie |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=7,674 |percentage=17.50% |change={{increase}}3.22 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Syed Manzoor Ahmad |party=Independent politician |votes=2,504 |percentage=5.71% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Zafffar-Ullah Khan |party=Jammu and Kashmir Awami National Conference |votes=1,473 |percentage=3.36% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Akhter Hussain Gojar |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes=1,198 |percentage=2.73% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Nabi Malik |party=Communist Party of India (Marxist) |votes=820 |percentage=1.87% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Javaid Ahmad Khan |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes=766 |percentage=1.75% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Abdul Majeed Naik |party=Independent politician |votes=689 |percentage=1.57% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Gul Mohammad Mir |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=679 |percentage=1.55% |change={{decrease}}0.48 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Farooq Ahmad Wani |party=Samata Party |votes=352 |percentage=0.80% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=5,918 |percentage=13.49% |change= {{decrease}}38.42 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=43,855 |percentage=69.83% |change= {{increase}}29.35 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 62,803 |ref = |change= {{increase}}16.36 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= {{decrease}}30.00 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2002 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2002 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Dooru<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2002 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.gov.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2002/StatRep_JK_02.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130127192246/http://eci.gov.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_2002/StatRep_JK_02.pdf|archive-date=27 January 2013|access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Ghulam Ahmad Mir]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes=14,461 |percentage=66.19% |change={{increase}}42.54 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Syed Manzoor Ahmad |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=3,119 |percentage=14.28% |change={{decrease}}31.77 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Syed Farooq Ahmad Andrabi]] |party=Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party |votes=2,217 |percentage=10.15% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mushtaq Ahmad Shah |party=Jammu and Kashmir National Panthers Party |votes=598 |percentage=2.74% |change={{decrease}}3.33 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Farhat Ahmad |party=Independent politician |votes=533 |percentage=2.44% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Iqbal Mir |party=Independent politician |votes=477 |percentage=2.18% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Sardar Khan |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes=443 |percentage=2.03% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=11,342 |percentage=51.91% |change= {{increase}}29.52 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=21,848 |percentage=40.48% |change= {{decrease}}6.69 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 53,974 |ref = |change= {{increase}}16.35 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |swing= {{increase}}20.14 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1996 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1996 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Dooru<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1996 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-JK96.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117084805/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1996/StatisticalReport-JK96.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Hassan Wani |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=10,076 |percentage=46.05% |change={{decrease}}3.56 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Ahmad Mir |party=Indian National Congress |votes=5,175 |percentage=23.65% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Qasim Sajad |party=Janata Dal |votes=2,687 |percentage=12.28% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Iqbal |party=Jammu and Kashmir National Panthers Party |votes=1,327 |percentage=6.06% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Qadir Kulley |party=Jammu and Kashmir Awami League |votes=1,291 |percentage=5.90% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Abdulla Shiekh |party=Independent politician |votes=1,185 |percentage=5.42% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Akber |party=All India Indira Congress (Tiwari) |votes=141 |percentage=0.64% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=4,901 |percentage=22.40% |change= {{increase}}17.98 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=21,882 |percentage=49.49% |change= {{decrease}}22.73 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 46,388 |ref = |change= {{increase}}16.34 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |loser=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |swing= {{decrease}}3.56 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1987 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1987 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Dooru<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1987 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1987/StatisticalReport_jk_87.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120114084427/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1987/StatisticalReport_jk_87.pdf |archive-date=14 January 2012|access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Akbar Ganie |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=13,826 |percentage=49.60% |change={{decrease}}0.91 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Noor Ud Din Shah |party=Independent politician |votes=12,594 |percentage=45.18% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Qassim Sajjad |party=Independent politician |votes=1,018 |percentage=3.65% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Bashir Ahmad Bhat |party=Independent politician |votes=273 |percentage=0.98% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,232 |percentage=4.42% |change= {{decrease}}13.21 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=27,873 |percentage=74.94% |change= {{decrease}}3.46 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 39,873 |ref = |change= {{increase}}14.96 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |loser=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |swing= {{decrease}}0.91 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1983 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1983 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Dooru<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1983 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/StatisticalReport_JK_1983.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117082124/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1983/StatisticalReport_JK_1983.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Akbar Ganie |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=12,854 |percentage=50.52% |change={{decrease}}0.92 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sher Ali Boda |party=Indian National Congress |votes=8,367 |percentage=32.88% |change={{increase}}6.86 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Noor Ud Din |party=Jamaat-e-Islami |votes=2,983 |percentage=11.72% |change={{increase}}4.63 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Ghulam Ahmad Bandey |party=Independent politician |votes=1,241 |percentage=4.88% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=4,487 |percentage=17.63% |change= {{decrease}}7.78 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=25,445 |percentage=76.27% |change= {{increase}}2.65 }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 34,685 |ref = |change= {{increase}}16.63 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |loser=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |swing= {{decrease}}0.92 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 1977 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1977 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Dooru<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1977 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReport_JK_77.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117081946/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReport_JK_77.pdf |archive-date=17 January 2012|access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Haji Abdul Gani Khan |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=10,817 |percentage=51.44% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Sneer Aki Boda |party=Indian National Congress |votes=5,472 |percentage=26.02% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Abdul Samad Rak |party=Janata Party |votes=3,248 |percentage=15.45% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Mohammed Ramzan |party=Jamaat-e-Islami |votes=1,492 |percentage=7.09% |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=5,345 |percentage=25.42% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=21,029 |percentage=74.25% |change= }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 29,739 |ref = |change= }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

== See also ==
* [[Dooru]]
* [[List of constituencies of Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{coord|34.046|74.734|display=title}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Jammu and Kashmir}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Anantnag district]]
[[Category:Politics of Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1962]]
[[Category:1962 establishments in Jammu and Kashmir]]

Udala Assembly constituency

2026-04-15T23:02:43Z

Diazonium: Stub - done

{{Short description|Constituency of the Odisha legislative assembly in India}}
{{About| the assembly constituency|its eponymous town|Udala}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Udala
| state = [[Odisha]]
| constituency_no = 31
| type = SLA
| map_image =
| map_caption =
| map_alt =
| division = Central Division
| district = [[Mayurbhanj district|Mayurbhanj]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Mayurbhanj Lok Sabha constituency|Mayurbhanj]]
| established = 1957
| reservation = ST
| incumbent_image =
| mla = [[Bhaskar Madhei]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
| electors = 2,03,084{{efn|as on 2024}}{{efn|as data published by election commission}}
}}

'''Udala''' (Sl. No.: 31) is a [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Vidhan Sabha]] [[List of constituencies of Odisha Vidhan Sabha|constituency]] of [[Mayurbhanj district]], [[Odisha]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=283&cid=31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223005811/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=283&cid=31|url-status=usurped|archive-date=23 February 2014|title= Orissa Assembly Election 2009 |work=empoweringindia.org |quote= Constituency: Udala (31) District : Mayurbhanj |access-date= 18 February 2014}}</ref>

Area of this constituency includes [[Udala]] town, Udala block, Gopabandhu Nagar block and 19 [[Gram Panchayat|GP]]s (Badabisol, Badagudgudia, Badkhaladi, Chakradharpur, Devala, Jadida, Jambani, Jayantipatta, Samil, Jamudiha, Jhinkpada, Kaptipada, Koliolam, Majhigadia, Manakadpada, Nuddiha, Pedagadi, Pingu and Salchua) of [[Kaptipada]] block.<ref>[http://eci.nic.in/delim/Final_Publications/Orissa/orissa.pdf Assembly Constituencies and their Extent]</ref><ref>[http://eci.nic.in/delim/paper1to7/Orissa.xls Seats of Odisha]</ref>

==Elected members==

{{bar box
|float=right
|title= Vote share of winning candidates<ref>{{cite web |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/electionanalysis/AE/S18/partycomp10.htm|title= 10 - Udala Assembly Constituency|work=eci.nic.in |year=2006 |quote=List Of Winning Candidates |access-date= 28 March 2014}}</ref>
|titlebar=#ddd
|width=300px
|barwidth=275px
|bars=
{{bar percent|2024|{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}|42.00}}
{{bar percent|2019|{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}|45.00}}
{{bar percent|2014|{{party color|Biju Janata Dal}}|37.00}}
{{bar percent|2009|{{party color|Biju Janata Dal}}|35.53}}
{{bar percent|2004|{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}|32.33}}
{{bar percent|2000|{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}|53.42}}
{{bar percent|1995|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|30.18}}
{{bar percent|1990|{{party color|Janata Dal}}|46.68}}
{{bar percent|1985|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|45.91}}
{{bar percent|1980|{{party color|Indian National Congress (I)}}|56.80}}
{{bar percent|1977|{{party color|Janata Party}}|47.17}}
{{bar percent|1974|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|61.80}}
{{bar percent|1971|{{party color|Indian National Congress (R)}}|37.26}}
{{bar percent|1967|{{party color|Orissa Jana Congress}}|43.78}}
{{bar percent|1961|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|46.89}}
{{bar percent|1957|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|33.63}}
}}
15 elections held during 1957 to 2024. Elected members from the Udala constituency are:<ref name=prevMLAs>{{cite web|url=http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2011/pdf/453-501.pdf |title=Odisha Reference Annual - 2011 - List of Members of Odisha Legislative Assembly - (1951–2004) |access-date=6 October 2021 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217121136/http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2011/pdf/453-501.pdf |archive-date=17 December 2013 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!Election
!Portrait
!Name
! scope="col" colspan="2"|Party
|-
| [[2024 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2024]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Udala Assembly Election Results 2024: Udala Election Candidates List, Election Date, Vote Share - IndiaToday |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/assembly/odisha/udala-constituency-result-18031 |access-date=2025-06-19 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" | [[Bhaskar Madhei]]
| {{full party name with color|rowspan=2|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| [[2019 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2019]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Udala Assembly Constituency Election Result - Legislative Assembly Constituency |url=https://resultuniversity.com/election/udala-odisha-assembly-constituency |access-date=2025-06-19 |website=resultuniversity.com}}</ref>
|-
|[[2014 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2014]]<ref name=":1" />
|
|Golak Bihari Naik
|{{full party name with color|rowspan=2|Biju Janata Dal}}
|-
|[[2009 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2009]]<ref name=":2" />
|
|Shrinath Soren
|-
|[[2004 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2004]]
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" | [[Bhaskar Madhei]]
|{{full party name with color|rowspan=2|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|[[2000 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2000]]
|-
|[[1995 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1995]]
|
|Rabaneswar Madhei
|{{full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[1990 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1990]]
|
|Rohidas Soren
|{{full party name with color|Janata Dal}}
|-
|[[1985 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |Rabaneswar Madhei
|{{full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[1980 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
|{{full party name with color|Indian National Congress (I)|dab=yes}}
|-
|[[1977 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
|
|[[Birabhadra Singh]]
|{{full party name with color|Janata Party}}
|-
|[[1974 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1974]]
|
|Rabaneswar Madhei
|{{full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[1971 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1971]]
| rowspan="4" |[[File:Manmohan Tudu.jpg|102x102px]]
| rowspan="4" |[[Manmohan Tudu]]
|{{full party name with color|Indian National Congress (R)|dab=yes}}
|-
|[[1967 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
|{{full party name with color|Orissa Jana Congress}}
|-
|[[1961 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1961]]
|{{full party name with color|rowspan=2|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[1957 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|1957]]
|}

==Election results==

===2024===
Voting were held on 1st June 2024 in 4th phase of Odisha Assembly Election & 7th phase of Indian General Election. Counting of votes was on 4th June 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=General Elections 2024 - Election Announced!! |url=https://elections24.eci.gov.in/election-details-odisa.html |access-date=2025-06-19 |website=elections24.eci.gov.in}}</ref> In 2024 election, [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] candidate [[Bhaskar Madhei]] defeated [[Biju Janata Dal]] candidate Srinath Soren by a margin of 6,517 votes.<ref name=":0" />

{{Election box begin |
|title= [[2024 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2024 Vidhan Sabha Election]]: Udala}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Bhaskar Madhei]]
|votes = 66,401
|percentage = 42
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Biju Janata Dal
|candidate = Srinath Soren
|votes = 59,884
|percentage = 37.88
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Durga Charan Tudu
|votes = 15,857
|percentage = 10.03
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
|candidate = Chakradhar Sing
|votes = 7,017
|percentage = 4.44
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above
|candidate = None of the above
|votes = 1,443
|percentage = 0.91
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 6,517
|percentage = 4.12
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,58,081
|percentage = 77.84
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no swing|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2019===

In 2019 election, [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] candidate [[Bhaskar Madhei]] defeated [[Biju Janata Dal]] candidate Srinath Soren by a margin of 1,433 votes.<ref name=":1" />

{{Election box begin|
|title= [[2019 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2019 Vidhan Sabha Election]]: Udala<ref name=election2019>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11679-odisha-legislative-assembly-election-2019/ |title=State Election, 2019 to the Legislative Assembly of Odisha |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |accessdate=7 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Udala Election Result 2019 LIVE: Udala MLA Election Result & Vote Share - Oneindia |url=https://www.oneindia.com/udala-assembly-elections-od-31/ |access-date=2022-07-21 |website=www.oneindia.com |language=en}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = [[Bhaskar Madhei]]
|votes = 69,725
|percentage = 45.48
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Biju Janata Dal
|candidate = Srinath Soren
|votes = 68,292
|percentage = 45.55
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Benudhar Mohapatra
|votes = 10,212
|percentage = 6.66
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = None of the above
|candidate = None of the above
|votes = 2,271
|percentage = 1.48
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 6,517
|percentage = 4.12
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,53,307
|percentage = 79.57
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link no swing|
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = Biju Janata Dal
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2014===
In 2014 election, [[Biju Janata Dal]] candidate Golak Bihari Naik defeated [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] candidate [[Bhaskar Madhei]] by a margin of 8,529 votes.<ref name=":1" />

{{Election box begin |
|title= [[2014 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2014 Vidhan Sabha Election]]: Udala<ref name=election2014>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3631-orissa-2014/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2014 to the Legislative Assembly of Orissa |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 6 October 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party=Biju Janata Dal
|candidate=Golak Bihari Naik
|votes=49,628
|percentage=35.97
|change=
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=[[Bhaskar Madhei]]|votes=41,099|percentage=29.79|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Indian National Congress|candidate=Dhukhishyam Murmu|votes=23345|percentage=16.92|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|candidate=Thumpu Murmu|votes=15417|percentage=11.17|change=}}
{{Election box candidate|
|party = None of the above
|candidate = None of the above
|votes = 2,041
|percentage = 1.48
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = 8,529
|percentage = 6.18
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,37,969
|percentage = 80.49
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no swing|
|winner = Biju Janata Dal
|loser =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2009 ===
In 2009 election, [[Biju Janata Dal]] candidate Shrinath Soren defeated [[Indian National Congress]] candidate Anang Charan Senapati by a margin of 11,193 votes.<ref name=":2">{{cite web |url=http://leadtech.in/infoelection/index.php/odisha/431-odisha-election-result-2009-votemargin.html |title=Orissa Election Result 2009 With Vote Margin |work=leadtech.in |quote=11193 |access-date=18 February 2014 |archive-date=27 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130527163949/http://leadtech.in/infoelection/index.php/odisha/431-odisha-election-result-2009-votemargin.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

{{Election box begin |
|title= [[2009 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2009 Vidhan Sabha Election]], Udala<ref name=election2009>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3630-orissa-2009/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2009 to the LEgislative Assembly of Orissa |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 6 October 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Biju Janata Dal
|candidate = Shrinath Soren
|votes = 40,597
|percentage = ''35.53''
|change = ''-''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Anang Charan Senapati
|votes = 29,404
|percentage = 25.74
|change = ''-''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Jharkhand Mukti Morcha
|candidate = Dulal Soren
|votes = 12,737
|percentage = 15.09
|change = ''-''
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Bijay Kumar Senapati
|votes = 14,472
|percentage = 12.67
|change = ''-''
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 11,193
|percentage = ''9.80''{{efn|% of total valid votes}}
|change = ''-''
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,14,381
|percentage = 70.33
|change = ''-''
}}
{{Election box gain with party link no swing|
|winner = Biju Janata Dal
|loser = Bharatiya Janata Party
}}
{{Election box end}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
===Sources===
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{Cite book |last=Banarjee |first=Kishalay |chapter=Tribal politics in a reserved assembly constituency |pages=209–216 |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.calcutta.09943/page/209/mode/ |title=The Modern Review |others=Vol-150 (July-August), 1986 |date=1986}}

{{Mayurbhanj district}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Odisha|state=expanded}}
{{coords|21.58|86.57|display=title}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Odisha]]
[[Category:Politics of Mayurbhanj district]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1957]]
[[Category:1957 establishments in Orissa]]

Bigg Boss OTT (Kannada)

2026-04-11T15:53:54Z

Diazonium: made new article - done

{{Short description|Indian Kannada-language digital reality series}}
{{about|the digital edition|the main edition|Bigg Boss Kannada}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox television
| image = BBKOTT.jpg
| image_size =
| caption =
| based_on =
| presenter = [[Sudeep]]
| starring =
| voices =
| country = India
| language = Kannada
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes =
| location = [[Bengaluru]]
| camera = Multi-camera
| runtime = {{plainlist|
* 24 hours (Live)
* 1hr episode
}}
| company = [[Endemol India|Endemol Shine India]]
| network = [[Voot]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|df=yes|2022|08|06}}
| last_aired =
}}

'''''Bigg Boss: OTT''''' (or '''''Bigg Boss OTT Kannada''''') is a [[Spin-off (media)|spin-off]] Indian [[Kannada language|Kannada-language]] reality digital series of the show ''[[Bigg Boss Kannada|Bigg Boss]]'' that airs exclusively on [[Viacom 18]]'s streaming service platform [[Voot]]. The digital edition hosted by [[Sudeep]] and the show premiered its first and only season on 6 August 2022.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Bigg Boss Kannada OTT: Kiccha Sudeep-hosted reality show to premiere on August 6 - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/kannada/bigg-boss-kannada-ott-kiccha-sudeep-hosted-reality-show-to-premiere-on-august-6/articleshow/93057029.cms |access-date=2022-07-23 |website=The Times of India |date=22 July 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web
|title=Bigg Boss: ಬಿಗ್ ಬಾಸ್ ಸೀಸನ್ 9ರ ಪ್ರೋಮೋ ರಿಲೀಸ್, OTT ಬಿಡುಗಡೆಗೆ ಡೇಟ್ ಫಿಕ್ಸ್ |url=https://kannada.news18.com/news/entertainment/bigg-boss-kannada-reality-show-kiccha-sudeep-ott-promo-and-first-look-poster-out-skb-805456.html |access-date=2022-07-23 |website=News18 Kannada |date=22 July 2022 |language=kn}}</ref>

== Concept ==
As with the television series, the group of contestants referred to as Housemates are enclosed in the Bigg Boss House under constant surveillance of cameras and microphones. The winner of ''Bigg Boss OTT'' will receive ₹5 lakh and the "OTT edition"

The show is a 24/7 non stop show and also it have 1 hour daily episode on [[Voot]] like the original edition.

== Development ==
The [[Spin-off (media)|spin-off]] edition was officially announced on 22 July 2022, Voot unveiled a poster and teaser with [[Sudeep]] as the host of this digital exclusive season.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bigg Boss OTT Kannada to premiere in August, Kiccha Sudeep will host |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/web-series/bigg-boss-ott-kannada-to-premiere-in-august-kiccha-sudeep-will-host-101657860501302.html |access-date=2022-07-23 |website=Hindustan Times |date=15 July 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

=== Broadcasts ===
There was no television coverage for this edition; instead, it would be completely streamed online at Voot for 24×7 coverage.

=== House ===
The location for the house set to remain at [[Bengaluru|Innovative Film City, Bengaluru]] like how it did for the original series. The house contains a living area, One large bedroom, kitchen, garden, bathroom, store room, smoking room and jail (for punishment purposes only). The house also contains a confession room where contestants speak private matters to Bigg Boss. ''Bigg Boss OTT Kannada'' season 1

== Production ==

'''Teaser''' On 22 July 2022, Voot un eviled a poster with [[Sudeep]] as the host of digital exclusive season.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bigg Boss OTT Kannada to premiere in August, Kiccha Sudeep will host |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/web-series/bigg-boss-ott-kannada-to-premiere-in-august-kiccha-sudeep-will-host-101657860501302.html/ |access-date=2021-07-15|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref> On 23 July, Voot unevlied a promo with Sudeep hosting a first season of Bigg Boss OTT Kannada.<ref>{{cite web|date=23 July 2022|title=Kiccha Sudeep all set to host Bigg Boss Kannada OTT. Disclose the new promo. See Here! |url=https://www.instagram.com/tv/CgV2CmfJu74/?igshid=YmMyMTA2M2Y= |url-access=registration|website=Instagram|language=en}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

'''Broadcast''' Apart from usual hour-long episode, viewers will also have access to the direct 24x7 camera footage. The episodes will be telecasted through 24 Hours Live Channel and episodes will premiere on 7pm for paid subscription of Voot Select, the it will be shown for free next morning at 9 am on Voot.

'''House''' The house consists of a Patio, Living Room, Kitchen, Bathroom, Bedroom, Garden Area, Confession Room, Dining Table, Swimming Pool.

'''Bigg Boss Kannada 9''' As per the show's concept, Champions Saniya Iyer, Aaryavardhan Guruji, Rakesh Adiga and Top performer Roopesh Shetty were qualified to participate in ''Bigg Boss Kannada 9''. Iyer was evicted on Day 42 and Guruji on Day 93. Later Adiga and Shetty made it into finale of ''Bigg Boss Kannada 9'' by living in for 14 weeks, covering more hardship journey than OTT. Shetty and Adiga emerged as Winner and 1st Runner-up of Season 9 respectively.

== Housemates status ==


{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;font-size: 85%; line-height:25px; width:auto;"
|- bgcolor="#CCCCCC" align="center"
|bgcolor=#00A4CD|'''Sr.'''
|bgcolor=#00A4CD|'''Housemates'''
|bgcolor=#00A4CD|'''Day Entered'''
|bgcolor=#00A4CD|'''Day Exited'''
|bgcolor=#00A4CD|'''Status'''
|-
|1
| style="background:#fff;" | Roopesh
|Day 1
|Day 42
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |{{nowrap|Top Performer}}
|-
|2
| style="background:#fff;" | Rakesh
|Day 1
|Day 42
| bgcolor="gold" |Champion
|-
|3
| style="background:#fff;" | Saanya
|Day 1
|Day 42
|bgcolor=gold|Champion
|-
|4
| style="background:#fff;" | Aryavardhan
|Day 1
|Day 42
| bgcolor="gold" |Champion
|-
|5
| style="background:#fff;" | Sonu
|Day 1
|Day 42
|{{eliminated|Evicted}}
|-
|6
| style="background:#fff;" | Somanna
|Day 1
|Day 42
|{{eliminated|Evicted}}
|-
|7
| style="background:#fff;" | Jashwanth
|Day 1
|Day 42
|{{eliminated|Evicted}}
|-
|8
| style="background:#fff;" | Jayashree
|Day 1
|Day 42
|{{eliminated|Evicted}}
|-
|9
| style="background:#fff;" | Nandini
|Day 1
|Day 35
|{{eliminated|Evicted}}
|-
|10
| style="background:#fff;" | Chythrra
|Day 1
|Day 28
|{{eliminated|Evicted}}
|-
|11
| style="background:#fff;" | Akshata
|Day 1
|Day 28
|{{eliminated|Evicted}}
|-
|12
| style="background:#fff;" | Uday
|Day 1
|Day 21
|{{eliminated|Evicted}}
|-
|13
| style="background:#fff;" | Spoorthi
|Day 1
|Day 14
|{{eliminated|Evicted}}
|-
|14
| style="background:#fff;" | Arjun
|Day 1
|Day 13
|{{Quit|Walked}}
|-
|15
| style="background:#fff;" | Kiran
|Day 1
|Day 7
|{{eliminated|Evicted}}
|-
|16
| style="background:#fff;" | Lokesh
|Day 1
|Day 6
|{{Quit|Walked}}
|}

== Housemates ==
*Aryavardhan Guruji:- Popular astrologer, numerologist and often makes his appearance on television in special shows related to astrology and numerology. He is one of the rarest astrologers who get trolled often.
*Sonu Srinivas Gowda:- A digital media sensation.
*Saanya Iyer:- Sanya shot to fame as a child artist with the mega show Puttagowri Maduve, where she essayed the character of Junior Gowri.
*Somanna Machimada:- a news reporter by profession, shot to fame with his special celebrity interviews. He has been a media person for a long time now. His journey to a successful reporter and a news presenter is worth a mention.
*Spoorthi Gowda:- Last seen on Kannada television with daily soap Seetha Vallaba, Spoorthi has been in the industry for a long time now. She has also been a part of the Telugu television industry.
*Arjun Ramesh:- The actor, who is set to make his silver screen debut, is close to the telly viewers as 'Lord Shiva'. Arjun essayed the role of Lord Shiva in the mythological series Mahakaali. He even acted in supernatural fiction Naagini.
*Roopesh Shetty:- This multi-talented youngster has acted in Kannada, Tulu, and Konkani movies. The Radio Jockey and model is from Mangalore.
*Akshatha Kuki:- This young talent from Dandeli is indeed known for her chirpy nature. She has also been a model in her career and aspires to become a full-fledged actress.
*Rakesh Adiga:- A passionate actor and rapper, Rakesh got his first break with his debut Kannada film Jhhosh in the year 2009. The film went on to become one of the top grossers of that year and earned him good recognition. Ever since then, he has featured in quite some Kannada movies.
*Chythrra Halikere:- Chaitra was recently in the news when she lodged an FIR against her husband and father-in-law. The actress shot to fame with her debut movie 'Kushi'. However, she was away from the limelight for a long time and made her small screen comeback with the daily soap Marali Manasaagide.
*Kiran Yogeshwar - A model, dancer, travel, enthusiast, and yoga instructor, Kiran is quite a bundle of talent. Hailing from Rajasthan, Kiran's journey to becoming a successful independent woman is worth a mention.
*Jayashree Aradhaya - She is proud independent entrepreneur. Not many know that Jayashree Aradhya is the granddaughter of late actress Marimuthu from Upendra's movie ‘A’.
*Lokesh:- Comedy Khiladigalu fame Lokesh is not new to Kannada viewers. The actor-comedian steals the show every time he makes an appearance. After Comedy Khiladigalu, Lokesh went on to feature in quite some reality shows.
*Jashwanth and Nandini :- After winning the Hindi TV reality show Roadies, Jashwanth and Nandu are now set to enter Bigg Boss Kannada OTT. The too-much-in-love couple is looking forward to building their identity in their homeland.
* Uday Surya:- Television actor

== Nominations table ==

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%; font-size:85%; line-height:15px;"
|-
! style="width: 5%;" |
! style="width: 5%;" | Week 1
! style="width: 5%;" | Week 2
! style="width: 5%;" | Week 3
! style="width: 5%;" | Week 4
! style="width: 5%;" | Week 5
!Week 6
!Week 7
!Week 8
!Week 9
! colspan="3" |Week 10
|- style="background:#cfc;"
! House Captain
| colspan="9" rowspan="2" style="background:#ccc;" |''No captaincy and captaincy Nominees''
| colspan="3" rowspan="4" bgcolor=#ccc|''No Captain''
|-
! Captain's Nominations
|-
! Boss of the week
|style="background:#edfa58;" |
|style="background:#edfa58;" |
| colspan="2" style="background:#edfa58;" |
|style="background:#edfa58;" |
|
|
|
|
|-
!Boss' Nomination
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| colspan="13" bgcolor="black" |
|-
!Vote to:
!Evict
!Task
! colspan="3" |Evict
!
!
!
!
! colspan="3" |WIN
|-
| colspan="13" bgcolor="black" |
|-
!Thanuja
| style="background:#edfa58;" |
| style="background:#ccc;" | 𝘕𝘰𝘵 𝘌𝘭𝘪𝘨𝘪𝘣𝘭𝘦
| colspan="2" style="background:#edfa58;" |
| bgcolor="#cfc" |
|
|
|
|
| style="background:#959FFD;" |'' Nominated''
| colspan="2" bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''WINNER''' (Day 70)
|-
!Ramu
|
| style="background:#edfa58;" | 𝘚𝘢𝘧𝘦
|
|
| style="background:#edfa58;" |
|
|
|
|
| style="background:#959FFD;" |'' Nominated''
| colspan="2" bgcolor="gold" |'''1ST RUNNER''' (Day 70)
|-
!Srija
|
| style="background:#ccc;" | 𝘕𝘰𝘵 𝘌𝘭𝘪𝘨𝘪𝘣𝘭𝘦
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="background:#959FFD;" |'' Nominated''
| colspan="2" bgcolor="gold" |'''2𝙉𝘿 𝙍𝙐𝙉𝙉𝙀𝙍''' (Day 42)
|-
!
|
| style="background:#ccc;" | 𝘕𝘰𝘵 𝘌𝘭𝘪𝘨𝘪𝘣𝘭𝘦
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="background:#959FFD;" |'' Nominated''
| colspan="2" bgcolor="gold" |''Champion'' (Day 42)
|-
!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="background:#959FFD;" |''No Nominations''
| colspan="2" bgcolor="salmon" |''Evicted'' (Day 42)
|-
!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="background:#959FFD;" |''No Nominations''
| colspan="2" bgcolor="salmon" |''Evicted'' (Day 42)
|-
!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="background:#959FFD;" |''No Nominations''
| colspan="2" bgcolor="salmon" |''Evicted'' (Day 42)
|-
!
|
| style="background:#ccc;" | 𝘕𝘰𝘵 𝘌𝘭𝘪𝘨𝘪𝘣𝘭𝘦
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="background:#959FFD;" |''No Nominations''
| colspan="2" bgcolor="salmon" |''Evicted'' (Day 42)
|-
!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| colspan="3" bgcolor="salmon" |''Evicted'' (Day 35)
|-
!
|
| style="background:#ccc;" | 𝘕𝘰𝘵
𝘌𝘭𝘪𝘨𝘪𝘣𝘭𝘦
|
|
| colspan="8" bgcolor="salmon" |''Evicted'' (Day 28)
|-
!
|
|
|
|
| colspan="8" bgcolor="salmon" |''Evicted'' (Day 28)
|-
!
|
| style="background:#ccc;" | ''Not eligible''
|
| colspan="9" bgcolor="salmon" |''Evicted'' (Day 21)
|-
!
|
|
| colspan="10" bgcolor="salmon" |''Evicted'' (Day 14)
|-
!
|
|
| colspan="10" bgcolor="#fcf" |''Walked'' (Day 13)
|-
!
|
| colspan="11" bgcolor="salmon" |''Evicted'' (Day 7)
|-
!
|
| colspan="11" bgcolor="#fcf" |''Walked'' (Day 6)
|-
| colspan="13" bgcolor="black" |
|-
! Notes
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| colspan="3" |
|- style="background:#B2FFFF;"
!Against Public Vote
|''Ayesha''
''Pavan''
''Ramu''
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| colspan="3" |''Thanuja''
''Ramu''
''Srija''
''Divya''
''Ramya''
|-
!Walked
| colspan="10" bgcolor="#fcf" |
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |Evicted
| rowspan="4" bgcolor="salmon" |'''Pavan'''
| rowspan="4" bgcolor="salmon" |
| rowspan="4" bgcolor="salmon" |
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="salmon" |
| rowspan="4" bgcolor="salmon" |
|
|
|
|
| colspan="2" bgcolor="salmon" |
| bgcolor="gold" |
|-bgcolor=salmon
|
|
|
|
| colspan="2" |
| bgcolor="gold" |'''Srija'''
|-bgcolor=salmon
| rowspan="2" bgcolor="salmon" |
|
|
|
|
| colspan="2" |
| bgcolor="gold" |'''Ramu'''
|-bgcolor=salmon
|
|
|
|
| colspan="2" |
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''Thanuja'''
|-
|}

{{smalldiv|1=
: {{color box|#959FFD|border=darkgray}} indicates that the Housemate was directly nominated for eviction.
: {{color box|#FBF373|border=darkgray}} indicates that the Housemate was immune prior to nominations.
: {{color box|salmon|border=darkgray}} indicates the contestant has been evicted.
: {{color box|#fcf|border=darkgray}} indicates the contestant walked out due to emergency.
: {{color box|#FFE08B|border=darkgray}} indicates the contestant has been ejected.
: {{color box|#CCFFCC|border=darkgray}} indicates the house captain.
}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Bigg Boss Kannada}}

[[Category:Bigg Boss Kannada]]
[[Category:Indian reality television series]]
[[Category:2022 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:Indian television series based on non-Indian television series]]

Bulusu Sambamurthy

2026-04-07T02:25:46Z

Diazonium: Done.

{{Short description|Indian lawyer, politician, and freedom fighter}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Bulusu Sambamurthy
| honorific_suffix =
| image = Bulusu Sambamurti 2008 stamp of India.jpg
| caption = Sambamurthy on a 2008 stamp of India
| image_size =
| office1 = President of the [[Madras Legislative Council]]
| term_start1 = 18 July 1937
| term_end1 = 1942
| predecessor1 = [[B. Ramachandra Reddi]]
| successor1 = U Rama Rao
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1886|03|04}}
| birth_place = Dulla, [[East Godavari district]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], India
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1958|02|02|1886|03|04}}
| death_place = [[Kakinada]], Andhra Pradesh, India
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| alma_mater =
| profession = Politician, Lawyer
| spouse =
}}

'''Bulusu Sambamurthy''' (4 March 1886 – 2 February 1958) was an Indian lawyer, politician, and freedom fighter who played a key role in the [[Indian independence movement]]. He served as the President of the [[Madras Legislative Council]] from 1937 to 1942. Sambamurthy was also an advocate for the [[Andhra movement]], which sought the creation of a separate Telugu-speaking state. He is often referred to by the honorific title of '''Maharshi Bulusu Sambamurthy''' for his wisdom and austere lifestyle.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Mahotsav |first=Amrit |title=Maharshi Sri Bulusu Sambamurthy |url=https://amritmahotsav.nic.in/unsung-heroes-detail.htm?3348 |access-date=2024-04-17 |website=Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, Ministry of Culture, Government of India |language=English}}</ref>

==Early life==
Sambamurthy was born on 4 March 1886 in a Telugu [[Vaidiki Velanadu]] Brahmin family in Dulla, [[East Godavari district]], [[Madras Presidency]].<ref name="bulususambamurthystamp">{{cite news|title=Stamp on Bulusu Sambamurthy released|date=6 March 2008|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/03/06/stories/2008030650560200.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080310213128/http://www.hindu.com/2008/03/06/stories/2008030650560200.htm|url-status=dead|work=[[The Hindu]]|archive-date=10 March 2008}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> His father, Bulusu Subbavadhanulu, was a Vedic scholar. Sambamurthy completed his early education in his village and earned a degree in Physics from [[Maharajah's College]], [[Vizianagaram]]. Initially working as a lecturer, he later pursued a law degree and became a lawyer in 1911, practicing in [[Cocanada]] (now Kakinada).<ref name="hiddenhistory_thehindu">{{cite news|title=A bit of hidden history|author=S. Muthiah|authorlink=S. Muthiah|date=18 September 2006|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/09/18/stories/2006091800310500.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104030926/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2006/09/18/stories/2006091800310500.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 November 2012}}</ref> He soon gained recognition as a prominent criminal lawyer, handling cases in Kakinada, [[Peddapuram]], and [[Rajahmundry]].<ref name=":0" />

== Political career ==
In 1919, at the age of 33, he left his legal practice in response to [[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s call and joined the Indian independence movement. His involvement in the [[Non-cooperation movement (1919–1922)|Non-cooperation movement]] began in 1920 after he was inspired by a speech by [[Konda Venkatapayya Pantulu]]. Giving up his legal career, he committed himself to the freedom struggle, stating that "poverty is better than slavery" (దాస్యం కంటే దారిద్యం మేలు).<ref name="Bulusu Sambamurthy">{{cite journal|last1=Zamin Ryot Archives|title=Maharshi Bulusu Sambamurthy Astamayam|journal=Zamin Ryot Weekly|date=7 February 1958|page=4|url=http://www.zaminryot.com/pdf/1958/Feb/7-feb-1958.pdf|accessdate=26 April 2020}}</ref>

Sambamurthy adopted Gandhian principles and ways of life. In 1923, he became a member of the organizing committee of the Kakinada session of the [[Indian National Congress]]. He became one of the first leaders to demand ''[[Purna Swaraj]]'' (complete independence).

In 1930, Sambamurthy participated in the [[Salt Satyagraha]] at [[Chollangi]], near Kakinada, and was arrested on 18 April 1930. He was imprisoned in [[Vellore Central Jail]]. In the [[1937 Madras Presidency legislative assembly election]], Sambamurthy successfully ran for office as a member of the [[Indian National Congress]]. He was subsequently appointed as President of the [[Madras Legislative Council]], a position he held from 1937 to 1942. He resigned from the role in support of the [[Quit India Movement]].<ref name="hiddenhistory_thehindu" /><ref name="narasimhanp85">{{cite book|title=Rajagopalachari, a biography|author=C. R. Narasimhan|authorlink=C. R. Narasimhan|publisher=Radiant Publishers|year=1993|pages=85|isbn=8170271568|id=}}</ref>

==Andhra movement==
Sambamurthy was an ardent supporter of the [[Andhra movement]], which called for the creation of a separate Telugu province. In 1952, during [[Potti Sreeramulu]]'s fast unto death for the formation of Andhra, Sambamurthy offered his residence to Sreeramulu, showing his commitment to the cause. Despite his support, he did not receive the same recognition as others who later benefited from Sreeramulu's efforts.<ref name="hiddenhistory_thehindu" />

In accordance with [[Gandhian]] principles, Sambamurthy adopted a simple lifestyle, wearing a loin cloth and forgoing a shirt. After losing his wife and retiring from public life, he spent his final years in poverty in Kakinada.<ref name=":0" /> Though initially a well-regarded figure, he was neglected in his later years. Eventually, financial assistance was provided by [[Govind Ballabh Pant]], the then Union Minister, after learning about his hardships.<ref name="hiddenhistory_thehindu" />

==Death==
Bulusu Sambamurthy died on 2 February 1958 in Kakinada. His funeral was attended by prominent figures, including minister Anagani Bhagavanta Rao, A. Krishnaswami, and district collector Victor. Some others who paid condolences are [[Neelam Sanjiva Reddy|Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy]] and [[C. Rajagopalachari|Rajaji]].<ref>p.1, Andhra Patrika, Date 03/03/1958</ref>

== Legacy ==
A street in Kakinada was named after him as Sambamurthy Nagar. In 2008, the Government of India issued a commemorative postage stamp in honour of Bulusu Sambamurthy.

==See also==
* [[List of speakers of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-gov}}
{{succession box | before= Chair Created|title=Speaker of [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly#Madras Presidency|Madras Legislative Assembly]]| after=|years=15 July 1937 – 25 July 1942}}
{{s-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sambamurti, Bulusu}}
[[Category:1886 births]]
[[Category:1958 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Telugu politicians]]
[[Category:People from Kakinada]]
[[Category:Andhra movement]]

Deepak Parambol

2026-04-05T19:10:09Z

Diazonium: Details.

{{short description|Indian actor (born 1988)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Deepak Parambol
| image =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1988|11|01}}
| birth_place = [[Kannur]], [[Kerala]], India
| occupation = Actor
| known for = ''[[Malarvadi Arts Club]]''
| years_active = 2010{{Endash}}present
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Aparna Das]]|2024}}
}}

'''Deepak Parambol''' (born 1 November 1988) is an Indian actor who appears in [[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam films]] in supporting roles to character roles.<ref name="The Times of India review">{{cite news |last1=George |first1=Anjana |title=Bhoomiyile Manohara Swakaryam Movie Review : A timely love story |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movie-reviews/bhoomiyile-manohara-swakaryam/movie-review/74390432.cms |access-date=25 January 2021 |work=The Times of India |archive-date=23 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123182553/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movie-reviews/bhoomiyile-manohara-swakaryam/movie-review/74390432.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> He made his acting debut in ''[[Malarvaadi Arts Club]]'' (2010), directed by [[Vineeth Sreenivasan]].

He is notable for his roles in ''[[Thattathin Marayathu]]'' (2012), ''[[Thira (film)|Thira]]'' (2013), ''[[D Company (film)|D Company]]'' (2013), ''[[Kunjiramayanam]]'' (2015), ''[[Ore Mukham]]'' (2016), ''[[The Great Father]]'' (2017), ''[[Ottamuri Velicham]]'' (2017), ''[[Rakshadhikari Baiju Oppu]]'' (2017), ''[[Vishwa Vikhyatharaya Payyanmar]]'' (2017), ''[[Captain (2018 film)|Captain]]'' (2018), ''[[B.Tech (film)|B tech]]'' (2018), ''[[Ormayil Oru Shishiram (film)|Ormayil Oru Shishiram]]'' (2019) and ''[[An International Local Story]]'' (2019).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/deepak-parambol-in-kunjiramayanam/article7659237.ece|title=Part of the youth brigade|website=thehindu.com|accessdate=6 September 2017|archive-date=24 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224143516/https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/deepak-parambol-in-kunjiramayanam/article7659237.ece|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Career==

Deepak made his debut in [[Vineeth Sreenivasan]]'s ''Malarvady Arts Club'' (2010), a role that he bagged after responding to an advertisement in a local newspaper.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Shrijith |first1=Sajin |title='Cinema happened because I missed my college bus one day' |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/interviews/2019/apr/22/cinema-happened-because-i-missed-my-college-bus-one-day-11161.html |access-date=February 3, 2021}}</ref> He has played minor, supporting and main roles in his career spanning a decade. In his lead role for Ormayil Oru Shishiram, he lost 10 kilograms to look like a school-going teenager for a part of the movie.<ref>{{cite news |last1=M |first1=Athira |title=I am bad at promoting myself: Deepak Parambol |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/deepak-parambol-on-his-new-release-ormayil-oru-shishiram/article28585192.ece |website=The Hindu |date=19 July 2019 |access-date=February 3, 2021 |archive-date=29 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029045834/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/deepak-parambol-on-his-new-release-ormayil-oru-shishiram/article28585192.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Filmography ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Year !! Title !! Role !! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 2010 || ''[[Malarvaadi Arts Club]]'' || Rameshan || Debut
|-
| 2012 || ''[[Thattathin Marayathu]]'' || Manoj ||
|-
| rowspan=4 | 2013 || ''[[Thira (film)|Thira]]'' || Deepak ||
|-
| ''[[SIM (film)|SIM]]'' || Karthik ||
|-
| ''[[Olipporu]]'' || Clutch ||
|-
| ''[[D Company (film)|D Company]]'' || Kuppi Simon || Segment: Gangs of Vadakkumnathan
|-
| 2014 || ''John Paul Vaathil Thurakkunnu'' || John Paul ||
|-
| rowspan=4 | 2015 || ''[[Kunjiramayanam]]'' || Sasi ||
|-
| ''[[You Too Brutus (film)|You Too Brutus]]'' || Hero at the hospital || Cameo
|-
| ''[[Nellikka]]'' || Balu ||
|-
| ''[[Loham]]'' || Anwar Shiyaz || Cameo
|-
| rowspan=3 | 2016 || ''[[Vettah]]'' || Rony Varghese ||
|-
| ''[[Ore Mukham]]'' || Prakashan ||
|-
| ''Chithrakatha'' || Hari ||
|-
| rowspan=5 | 2017 || ''[[The Great Father]]'' || CI Shafeer || Cameo
|-
| ''[[Rakshadhikari Baiju Oppu]]'' || Manoj ||
|-
| ''[[Ottamuri Velicham]]'' || Chandran ||
|-
| ''[[Vishwa Vikhyatharaya Payyanmar]]'' || Gopikrishnan || Debut as [[lead actor]]
|-
| ''Overtake''|| Balu ||
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2018 || ''[[Captain (2018 film)|Captain]]'' || [[U. Sharaf Ali]] ||
|-
| ''[[B.Tech (film)|B tech]]'' || Nizar ||
|-
| rowspan=5 | 2019 || ''[[Ormayil Oru Shishiram (film)|Ormayil Oru Shishiram]]'' || Nithin ||
|-
| ''[[An International Local Story]]'' || Mahesh ||
|-
| ''[[Ilayaraja (film)|Ilayaraja]]'' || Muneeb ||
|-
| ''[[Love Action Drama]]'' || Man at Party || Cameo
|-
| ''[[Manoharam (2019 film)|Manoharam]]'' || Rahul ||
|-
| 2020 || ''[[Bhoomiyile Manohara Swakaryam]]'' || Ahmmedkutty/Ammatty ||
|-
| rowspan=3 | 2021 || ''Instagramam'' || Kaliyedathu Suku || Web Series
|-
| ''Kutsitham'' || Deepak || Short film
|-
| ''[[The Last Two Days]]'' || C.I Sreekanth || OTT Release
|-
| rowspan=5 | 2022 || ''[[John Luther (film)|John Luther]]'' || Felix ||
|-
| ''[[Heaven (2022 film)|Heaven]]'' || Fabiyan John ||
|-
| ''[[Ullasam (2022 film)|Ullasam]]'' || Arun Mathew ||
|-
| ''[[Malayankunju]]'' || Sumesh ||
|-
| ''[[19 (1) (A) (2021 film)|19 (1) (A)]]'' || Ismail Ibrahim || OTT Release
|-
| rowspan=4 | 2023 || ''[[Christopher (film)|Christopher]]'' || [[Sub Inspector|SI]] Mohammed Ismail ||<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mammootty's 'Christopher' to hit theatres soon |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/mammootty-s-christopher-to-hit-theatres-soon-1.8196685 |access-date=2023-02-09 |website=English.Mathrubhumi |language=en |archive-date=9 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230209100148/https://english.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/mammootty-s-christopher-to-hit-theatres-soon-1.8196685 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Kasargold]]'' || Vishnu||<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-07-29 |title=Asif Ali's 'Kasargold' all set to unleash breathtaking thrills upon its release on September 15 |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/asif-alis-kasargold-all-set-to-unleash-breathtaking-thrills-upon-its-release-on-september-15/articleshow/102234429.cms |access-date=2023-08-19 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=19 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230819184249/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/asif-alis-kasargold-all-set-to-unleash-breathtaking-thrills-upon-its-release-on-september-15/articleshow/102234429.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Kannur Squad]]'' || Riyas||<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kannur Squad teaser to be out with King of Kotha? |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/jul/19/kannur-squad-teaser-to-be-out-with-king-of-kotha-45781.html |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en |archive-date=30 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930224427/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/jul/19/kannur-squad-teaser-to-be-out-with-king-of-kotha-45781.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Imbam]]'' || Nidhin Samuel ||<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-09-22 |title=Deepak Parambol - Lalu Alex starrer 'Imbam' to release on October |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/deepak-parambol-lalu-alex-starrer-imbam-to-release-on-october/articleshow/103863510.cms |access-date=2023-10-27 |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=29 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231029121111/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/deepak-parambol-lalu-alex-starrer-imbam-to-release-on-october/articleshow/103863510.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=4 | 2024 || ''[[Manjummel Boys]]'' || Sudhi ||<ref>{{Cite web |title=Manjummel Boys gets a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2024/feb/11/manjummel-boys-gets-a-release-date-51955.html |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |language=en |archive-date=24 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240224160311/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2024/feb/11/manjummel-boys-gets-a-release-date-51955.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Varshangalkku Shesham]]'' || Shakespeare Shekharan ||<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shrijith |first=Sajin |date=2023-10-26 |title='Acknowledged efforts keep one going', says Actor Deepak Parambol |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2023/Oct/26/acknowledged-efforts-keep-one-going-saysactor-deepakparambol-2626954.html |access-date=2024-02-14 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=26 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026182408/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2023/oct/26/acknowledged-efforts-keep-one-going-saysactor-deepakparambol-2626954.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Sookshmadarshini]]'' || Antony ||
|-
| ''Jananam 1947 Pranayam Thudarunnu'' || ||<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-14 |title=Jananam 1947 Pranayam Thudarunnu trailer: On Valentine's Day, two 70-year-olds confess their love, opt to live together |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/jananam-1947-pranayam-thudarunnu-trailer-valentines-day-two-70-year-olds-confess-their-love-live-together-9161403/ |access-date=2024-02-14 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=14 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240214155930/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/jananam-1947-pranayam-thudarunnu-trailer-valentines-day-two-70-year-olds-confess-their-love-live-together-9161403/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=4 | 2025 || ''[[Ponman]]'' || Markandeya Sharma ||<ref>{{Cite web |last=Madhu |first=Vignesh |date=2025-01-18 |title=Release preponed for Basil Joseph's Ponman |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2025/Jan/18/release-preponed-for-basil-josephs-ponman |access-date=2025-01-18 |website=Cinema Express |language=en |archive-date=19 January 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250119035854/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2025/Jan/18/release-preponed-for-basil-josephs-ponman |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Sarkeet]]'' || Balu||<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-31 |title=Asif Ali's Sarkeet gets a new release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2025/Mar/31/asif-alis-sarkeet-gets-a-new-release-date |access-date=2025-04-02 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Soothravakyam]]'' || ||<ref>{{Cite web|date=2025-07-06 |title=Soothravakyam trailer: Shine and Vincy's film promises to be an intriguing mystery thriller |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2025/Jul/06/soothravakyam-trailer-shine-and-vincys-film-promises-to-be-an-intriguing-mystery-thriller |access-date=2025-07-11 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Mirage (2025 film)|Mirage]]'' || Prakash ||<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jeethu Joseph’s Mirage Readies for Its Digital Run {{!}} Filmfare.com |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/south/jeethu-josephs-mirage-readies-for-its-digital-run-78467.html |access-date=2025-10-26 |website=www.filmfare.com |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2026 || ''[[Kasaragod Embassy]]'' || Vivek ||<ref>{{Cite news |date=2026-03-17|title=Kasaragod Embassy OTT release date details: When and where to watch Abu Salim, Kabir Duhan's Malayalam crime series|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/kasaragod-embassy-ott-release-date-details-when-and-where-to-watch-abu-salim-kabir-duhans-malayalam-crime-series/articleshow/129627787.cms?from=mdr|access-date=2026-03-20|work=The Economic Times|issn=0013-0389}}</ref>
|-
| {{Pending film| Varavu}} || {{TableTBA}} ||<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-03-31 |title=Joju George's Varavu gets release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2026/Mar/31/joju-georges-varavu-gets-release-date |access-date=2026-04-05 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|}

==Personal life==
Deepak married actress [[Aparna Das]] on 24 April 2024.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/movies/movie-news/2024/04/02/aparna-das-getting-married-to-deepak-parambol.html |script-title=ml:അപര്‍ണ ദാസും ദീപക് പറമ്പോലും വിവാഹിതരാകുന്നു |trans-title=Aparna Das Deepak Parambol Marriage |language=ml |website=manoramaonline.com |date=2024-04-02 |access-date=2024-04-20 |archive-date=2 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240402144058/https://www.manoramaonline.com/movies/movie-news/2024/04/02/aparna-das-getting-married-to-deepak-parambol.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|id=6098361}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Parambol, Deepak}}
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Male actors in Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1988 births]]

2014 Indian general election in Uttar Pradesh

2026-03-27T22:21:39Z

Diazonium:

{{Short description|none}}
{{EngvarB|date=June 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = Indian general election, 2014 (Uttar Pradesh)
| country = India
| type = parliamentary
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 2009 Indian general election in Uttar Pradesh
| previous_year = 2009
| next_election =
| next_year = [[Indian general election, 2019 (Uttar Pradesh)|2019]]
| election_date = 10 April − 12 May 2014
| seats_for_election = 80 seats
| turnout = 58.44% ({{increase}} 10.65%)
| image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image=PM Modi Portrait(cropped).jpg|bSize=100|cWidth=80|cHeight=100|oLeft=10|oTop=03}}
| leader1 = [[Narendra Modi]]
| party1 = BJP
| leaders_seat1 = [[Varanasi Lok Sabha constituency|Varanasi]]
| last_election1 = 10
| seats1 = '''71'''
| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 61
| popular_vote1 = '''34,318,854'''
| percentage1 = '''42.63%'''
| swing1 = {{increase}} 24.80%
| image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Shri.Mulayam Singh Yadav, addressing at the National Development Council, New Delhi on December 9, 2006 (cropped).jpg|bSize=100|cWidth=80|cHeight=100|oLeft=10|oTop=05}}
| leader2 = [[Mulayam Singh Yadav]]
| leaders_seat2 = [[Azamgarh Lok Sabha constituency|Azamgarh]] [[Mainpuri Lok Sabha constituency|Mainpuri]] (''Vacated'')
| party2 = Samajwadi Party
| last_election2 = 23
| seats2 = 5
| seat_change2 = {{decrease}} 18
| popular_vote2 = 17,988,967
| percentage2 = 22.35%
| swing2 = {{decrease}} 1.06%
| image3 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Sonia Gandhi (cropped).jpg|bSize=100|cWidth=80|cHeight=100|oLeft=10|oTop=05}}
| leader3 = [[Sonia Gandhi]]
| leaders_seat3 = [[Raebareli Lok Sabha constituency|Raebareli]]
| party3 = Indian National Congress
| last_election3 = 21
| seats3 = 2
| seat_change3 = {{decrease}} 19
| popular_vote3 = 6,061,267
| percentage3 = 7.53%
| swing3 = {{decrease}} 10.75%
| image4 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Anupriya Singh Patel with PM Modi in 2021.jpg|bSize=100|cWidth=80|cHeight=100|oLeft=10|oTop=08}}
| leader4 = [[Anupriya Patel]]
| leaders_seat4 = [[Mirzapur Lok Sabha constituency|Mirzapur]]
| party4 = Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)
| last_election4 = 0
| seats4 = 2
| seat_change4 = {{increase}} 2
| popular_vote4 = 812,325
| percentage4 = 1.01%
| swing4 = ''new party''
| image5 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Mayawati.jpg|bSize=100|cWidth=80|cHeight=100|oLeft=10|oTop=03}}
| leader5 = [[Mayawati]]
| party5 = Bahujan Samaj Party
| leaders_seat5 = Not Contested
| last_election5 = 20
| seats5 = 0
| seat_change5 = {{decrease}} 20
| popular_vote5 = 15,914,194
| percentage5 = 19.77%
| swing5 = {{decrease}} 7.82%
| image6 = {{CSS image crop|Image=Ajit Singh at press conference.jpg|bSize=100|cWidth=80|cHeight=100|oLeft=10|oTop=17}}
| leader6 = [[Ajit Singh (politician, born 1939)|Ajit Singh]]
| leaders_seat6 = [[Baghpat Lok Sabha constituency|Baghpat]] (''lost'')
| party6 = Rashtriya Lok Dal
| last_election6 = 5
| seats6 = 0
| seat_change6 = {{decrease}} 5
| popular_vote6 = 689,409
| percentage6 = 0.86%
| swing6 = N/A
| map_image = 2014 Lok Sabha Uttar Pradesh Result Map.svg
| map_size = 300px
| map_caption = Seatwise Result Map of the 2014 general election in Uttar Pradesh
| title = [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]]
| posttitle = Prime Minister after election
| before_election = [[Manmohan Singh]]
| before_party = Indian National Congress
| after_election = [[Narendra Modi]]
| after_party = Bharatiya Janata Party
}}

The [[2014 Indian general election]] polls in [[Uttar Pradesh]] for 80 Lok Sabha seats was held in six phases on 10, 17, 24, 30 April and 7, 12 May 2014.<ref name="mospi.gov.in">{{cite web|url= http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/current/Press%20Note%20GE-2014_05032014.pdf |title= General Elections – 2014 : Schedule of Elections|date= 5 March 2014 |accessdate= 5 March 2014}}</ref> The total voter strength of [[Uttar Pradesh]] was 134,351,297.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/elections/electorate|title=Election 2017, Election Result, Candidate List, Elections News - NDTV Election}}</ref>

The main political parties in [[Uttar Pradesh]] are [[Bahujan Samaj Party]] (BSP), [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP), [[Indian National Congress]] (INC) and [[Samajwadi party]] (SP). BJP allied with [[Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)|Apna Dal]] and INC allied with [[Rashtriya Lok Dal]] and [[Mahan Dal]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/apna-dal-allies-with-nda/article5826609.ece |title=Apna Dal allies with NDA |work=The Hindu |date=25 March 2014 |accessdate=26 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/cong-to-leave-8-seats-for-rld-3-for-mahan-dal-in-western-up/ |title=Cong to leave 8 seats for RLD, 3 for Mahan Dal in western UP |work=The Indian Express|date=9 March 2014 |accessdate=17 April 2014}}</ref>

==Opinion polling==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;font-size:80%;line-height:20px;"
|-
! class="wikitable" rowspan="2" width="100px"| Conducted in Month(s)
! class="wikitable" rowspan="2" width="10px"| Ref
! class="wikitable" rowspan="2" width="180px"| Polling Organisation/Agency
! class="wikitable" rowspan="2" width="140px"| Sample size
| bgcolor={{party color|United Progressive Alliance}} |
| bgcolor={{party color|National Democratic Alliance (India)}} |
| bgcolor={{party color|Samajwadi Party}} |
| style="background:#3300CC;"|
| style="background:grey;"|
|-
! class="wikitable" width="90px"| [[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]]
! class="wikitable" width="90px"| [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]
! class="wikitable" width="70px"| [[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
! class="wikitable" width="70px"| [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
! class="wikitable" width="70px"| Others
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! Aug–Oct 2013
! <ref>{{cite web |url=http://blogs.outlookindia.com/default.aspx?ddm=10&pid=3061&eid=31 |title=Congress 102, BJP 162; UPA 117, NDA 186: C-Voter Poll |publisher=Outlook |accessdate=17 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016180408/http://blogs.outlookindia.com/default.aspx?ddm=10&pid=3061&eid=31 |archive-date=16 October 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
! [[Times Now]]-[[India TV]]-CVoter
! 24,284 || 7 || 17 || 25 || 31 || 0
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! Dec 2013 – Jan 2014
! <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/nda-may-win-over-200-seats-as-modis-popularity-soars-further-india-today-mood-of-the-nation-opinion-poll-178073-2014-01-23 |title=NDA may win over 200 seats as Modi's popularity soars further: India Today Mood of the Nation opinion poll : North, News |publisher=India Today |access-date=23 January 2013}}</ref>
! [[India Today]]-CVoter
! 21,792 || 4 || 30 || 20 || 24 || 2
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! Dec 2013 – Jan 2014
! <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eRHG8UgsVV4|title=ABP News nationwide opinion poll: UPA leading in south India, NDA in east|last=ABP NEWS|date=25 January 2014|via=YouTube}}</ref>
! [[ABP News]]-Nielsen
! 64,006 || 12 || 35 || 14 || 15 || 4
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! Jan–Feb 2014
! <ref>{{cite web |title=India TV C voter projection big gains for BJP |url=http://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national/india-tv-c-voter-projection-big-gains-for-bjp-in-up-bihar-nda--14864.html?page=2}}</ref>
! [[Times Now]]-[[India TV]]-CVoter
! 14,000 || 5 || 34 || 20 || 21 || 0
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! Feb 2014
! <ref>{{cite web |title=ABP News – Nielsen Opinion Poll BJP sweep in UP-SP-BSP hit |url=http://www.abplive.in/india/2014/02/21/article266802.ece/ABP-News---Nielsen-Opinion-Poll-BJP-sweep-in-UP-SP-BSP-hit#.Uxl0eT-SwZM}}</ref>
! [[ABP News]]-Nielsen
! 29,000 || 11 || 40 || 13 || 14 || 2
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! March 2014
! <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ndtv.com/elections/live-blog/show/the-final-word-india-s-biggest-opinion-poll-495290|title= The Final Word – India's biggest opinion poll |publisher= NDTV |date= 14 March 2014|accessdate= 14 March 2014}}</ref>
! [[NDTV]]- [[Hansa Research]]
! 46,571 || 12 || 40 || 13 || 15 || 0
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! March–April 2014
! <ref>{{cite news | url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/up-tracker-bjp-may-win-4250-seats-sp-1117-bsp-1016-congrld-48/462361-81.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140406024142/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/up-tracker-bjp-may-win-4250-seats-sp-1117-bsp-1016-congrld-48/462361-81.html | url-status=dead | archive-date=6 April 2014 | title=UP tracker: BJP may win 42–50 seats, SP 11–17, BSP 10–16, Cong-RLD 4–8 | work=CNN-IBN | date=3 April 2014 | accessdate=4 April 2014}}</ref>
! [[CNN-IBN]]-Lokniti-[[CSDS]]
! 2633 || 4 – 8 || 42 – 50 || 11–17 || 10–16 || 0–2
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! 30 March – 3 April 2014
! <ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/story/narendra-modi-namo-modi-wave-uttar-pradesh-bihar-lok-sabha-polls-india-today-group-cicero-poll-188478-2014-04-10 | title=Modi wave to take 42–50 seats in UP; 20–24 in Bihar: India Today Group-Cicero poll | work=India Today | date=11 April 2014 | access-date=13 April 2014}}</ref>
! [[India Today]]-[[Cicero]]
! 1498 || 6 – 10 || 42 – 50 || 15–21 || 9–13 || 0–2
|- class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="text-align:center"
! April 2014
! <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ndtv.com/elections/live-blog/show/ndtv-s-opinion-poll-latest-all-india-forecast-508454 |title= The Final Word – India's biggest opinion poll |publisher= NDTV |date= 14 April 2014|accessdate= 15 April 2014}}</ref>
! [[NDTV]]- [[Hansa Research]]
! 24,000 || 5 || 51 || 14 || 10 || 9
|}

== Parties and alliances ==

==={{legend2|{{party color|National Democratic Alliance}}|[[National Democratic Alliance]]}}===
{| class="wikitable" width="50%" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" | Party
! Flag
! Symbol
! Leader
! Seats contested
|-
| {{party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| [[File:BJP flag.svg|50px]]
| [[File:Lotus flower symbol.svg|50px]]
| [[Narendra Modi]]
| 78
|-
| {{party color cell|Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)}}
| [[Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)|Apna Dal]]
| [[File:Apna dal Flag.svg|50px]]
|
| [[Anupriya Patel]]
| 2
|-
! colspan="5" | Total
! colspan="2" | 80
|}

==={{legend2|{{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}|[[Bahujan Samaj Party]]}}===
{| class="wikitable" width="50%" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" | Party
! Flag
! Symbol
! Leader
! Seats contested
|-
| {{party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Bahujan Samaj Party]]
| [[File:Elephant Bahujan Samaj Party.svg|50px]]
| [[File:Indian Election Symbol Elephant.png|50x50px|centre]]
| [[Mayawati]]
| 80
|-
|}

==={{legend2|{{party color|Samajwadi Party}}|[[Samajwadi Party]]}}===
{| class="wikitable" width="50%" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" | Party
! Flag
! Symbol
! Leader
! Seats contested
|-
| {{party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Samajwadi Party]]
| [[File:SP Flag.png|50px]]
| [[File:Indian Election Symbol Cycle.png|50px]]
| [[Akhilesh Yadav]]
| 78
|}

==={{legend2|{{party color|United Progressive Alliance}}|[[United Progressive Alliance]]}}===
{| class="wikitable" width="50%" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" | Party
! Flag
! Symbol
! Leader
! Seats contested
|-
| {{party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Indian National Congress]]
| [[File:Indian National Congress Flag.svg|50px]]
| [[File:Hand INC.svg|50px]]
| [[Sonia Gandhi]]
| 67
|-
| {{party color cell|Rashtriya Lok Dal}}
| [[Rashtriya Lok Dal]]
|
| [[File:Indian Election Symbol Hand Pump.png|50px|centre]]
| [[Ajit Singh (politician, born 1939)|Chaudhary Ajit Singh]]
| 8
|-
| {{party color cell|Mahan Dal}}
| [[Mahan Dal]]
|
|
| Keshav Dev Maurya
| 3
|-
! colspan="5" | Total
! colspan="2" | 78
|-
|}

==List of Candidates==
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" style="line-height:20px;text-align:center;"
! colspan="2" | Constituency
! colspan="3" style="background:{{party color|National Democratic Alliance}}" |[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
! colspan="3" style="background:{{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}" |[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
! colspan="3" style="background:{{party color|Samajwadi Party}}" |[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
! colspan="3" style="background:{{party color|United Progressive Alliance}}" |[[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]]
|-
! No.
! Name
! colspan="2" | Party ||Candidate
! colspan="2" | Party ||Candidate
! colspan="2" | Party ||Candidate
! colspan="2" | Party ||Candidate
|-
!1
|[[Saharanpur Lok Sabha constituency|Saharanpur]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Raghav Lakhanpal]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Jagdish Singh Rana]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Shazan Masood urf Shadan Masood
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Imran Masood]]
|-
!2
|[[Kairana Lok Sabha constituency|Kairana]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Hukum Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Kanwar Hasan
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Nahid Hasan]]
|{{Party name with colour|Rashtriya Lok Dal}}
| [[Kartar Singh Bhadana]]
|-
!3
|[[Muzaffarnagar Lok Sabha constituency|Muzaffarnagar]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Sanjeev Balyan]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Kadir Rana]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Virender Singh
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Pankaj Agarwal
|-
!4
|[[Bijnor Lok Sabha constituency|Bijnor]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Kunwar Bhartendra
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Malook Nagar]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Shahnawaz Rana]]
|{{Party name with colour|Rashtriya Lok Dal}}
| [[Jaya Prada]]
|-
!5
|[[Nagina Lok Sabha constituency|Nagina]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Yashwant Singh
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Girish Chandra
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Yashvir Singh
|{{Party name with colour|Mahan Dal}}
| Bhagwan Dass Rathor
|-
!6
|[[Moradabad Lok Sabha constituency|Moradabad]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Kunwar Sarvesh Kumar Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Haji Mohd Yaqoob
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[S. T. Hasan]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Noor Bano (politician)|Begum Noor Bano urf Mehtab]]
|-
!7
|[[Rampur Lok Sabha constituency|Rampur]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Dr. Nepal Singh
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Akbar Husain
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Naseer Ahmad Khan
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Nawab Kazim Ali Khan
|-
!8
|[[Sambhal Lok Sabha constituency|Sambhal]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Satyapal Singh Saini|Satyapal Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Aqeel-ur-Rehman Khan
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Shafiqur Rahman Barq]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Acharya Pramod Krishnam
|-
!9
|[[Amroha Lok Sabha constituency|Amroha]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Kanwar Singh Tanwar
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Farhat Hasan
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Humera Akhtar
|{{Party name with colour|Rashtriya Lok Dal}}
| Rakesh Tikait
|-
!10
|[[Meerut Lok Sabha constituency|Meerut]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Rajendra Agrawal]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Mohammed Shahid Akhlaq]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Shahid Manzoor]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Nagma]]
|-
!11
|[[Baghpat Lok Sabha constituency|Baghpat]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Satya Pal Singh (Uttar Pradesh politician)|Dr. Satya Pal Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Prashant Chaudhri
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Ghulam Mohammed (politician)|Ghulam Mohammed]]
|{{Party name with colour|Rashtriya Lok Dal}}
| [[Ajit Singh (politician, born 1939)|Ajit Singh]]
|-
!12
|[[Ghaziabad Lok Sabha constituency|Ghaziabad]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[V. K. Singh|Vijay Kumar Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Mukul Upadhyay
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Sudhan Kumar
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Raj Babbar]]
|-
!13
|[[Gautam Buddha Nagar Lok Sabha constituency|Gautam Buddha Nagar]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Mahesh Sharma]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Satish Kumar
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Narendra Bhati]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Ramesh Chand Tomar]]
|-
!14
|[[Bulandshahr Lok Sabha constituency|Bulandshahr]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Bhola Singh (Uttar Pradesh politician)|Bhola Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Pradeep Kumar Jatav
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Kamlesh
|{{Party name with colour|Rashtriya Lok Dal}}
| Anju urf Muskan
|-
!15
|[[Aligarh Lok Sabha constituency|Aligarh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Satish Kumar
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Arvind Kumar Singh
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Zafar Alam (Uttar Pradesh politician)|Zafar Alam]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Bijendra Singh]]
|-
!16
|[[Hathras Lok Sabha constituency|Hathras]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Rajesh Kumar Diwaker
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Manoj Kumar Soni
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Ramji Lal Suman]]
|{{Party name with colour|Rashtriya Lok Dal}}
| Niranjan Singh Dhangar
|-
!17
|[[Mathura Lok Sabha constituency|Mathura]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Hema Malini]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Pt. Yogesh Kumar Dwivedi
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Chandan Singh
|{{Party name with colour|Rashtriya Lok Dal}}
| [[Jayant Chaudhary]]
|-
!18
|[[Agra Lok Sabha constituency|Agra]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Ram Shankar Katheria]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Narayan Singh Suman
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Maharaj Singh Dhangar
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Upendra Singh Rawat]]
|-
!19
|[[Fatehpur Sikri Lok Sabha constituency|Fatehpur Sikri]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Babulal
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Seema Upadhyay]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Rani Pakshalika Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Rashtriya Lok Dal}}
| [[Amar Singh (Uttar Pradesh politician)|Amar Singh]]
|-
!20
|[[Firozabad Lok Sabha constituency|Firozabad]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[S. P. Singh Baghel]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Th. Vishwadeep Singh
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Akshay Yadav]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Atul Chaturvedi
|-
!21
|[[Mainpuri Lok Sabha constituency|Mainpuri]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Shatrughan Singh Chauhan
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Sanghmitra Maurya]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Mulayam Singh Yadav]]
|colspan=3|''Did not contest''
|-
!22
|[[Etah Lok Sabha constituency|Etah]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Rajveer Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Noor Mohammad Khan
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Devendra Singh Yadav]]
|{{Party name with colour|Mahan Dal}}
| Th. Jogindra Singh Bhadoriya
|-
!23
|[[Badaun Lok Sabha constituency|Badaun]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Vagish Pathak
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Akmal Khan urf Chaman
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Dharmendra Yadav]]
|{{Party name with colour|Mahan Dal}}
| Paglanand
|-
!24
|[[Aonla Lok Sabha constituency|Aonla]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Dharmendra Kumar
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Sunita Shakya
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Kunwar [[Sarvraj Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Saleem Iqbal Shervani]]
|-
!25
|[[Bareilly Lok Sabha constituency|Bareilly]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Santosh Gangwar]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Umesh Gautam]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Ayesha Islam
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Praveen Singh Aron]]
|-
!26
|[[Pilibhit Lok Sabha constituency|Pilibhit]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Maneka Sanjay Gandhi]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Anis Ahmad Khan alias Phool Babu
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Budhsen Verma
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Sanjay Kapoor
|-
!27
|[[Shahjahanpur Lok Sabha constituency|Shahjahanpur]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Krishna Raj]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Umed Singh Kashyap
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Mithilesh Kumar
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Chetram
|-
!28
|[[Kheri Lok Sabha constituency|Kheri]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ajay Kumar
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Arvind Giri
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Ravi Prakash Verma]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Zafar Ali Naqvi]]
|-
!29
|[[Dhaurahra Lok Sabha constituency|Dhaurahra]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Rekha
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Daud Ahmad
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Anand Bhadauriya]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Jitin Prasada]]
|-
!30
|[[Sitapur Lok Sabha constituency|Sitapur]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Rajesh Verma
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Kaisar Jahan]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Bharat Tripathi
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Vaishali Ali
|-
!31
|[[Hardoi Lok Sabha constituency|Hardoi]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Anshul Verma]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Shive Prasad Verma
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Usha Verma]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Sarvesh Kumar
|-
!32
|[[Misrikh Lok Sabha constituency|Misrikh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Anju Bala]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Ashok Kumar Rawat]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Jai Prakash
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Om Prakash
|-
|-
!33
|[[Unnao Lok Sabha constituency|Unnao]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Sakshi Maharaj]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Brajesh Pathak]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Arun Shankar Shukla
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Annu Tandon]]
|-
!34
|[[Mohanlalganj Lok Sabha constituency|Mohanlalganj]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Kaushal Kishore (politician)|Kaushal Kishore]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[R. K. Chaudhary]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Sushila Saroj]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Narendra Gautam
|-
!35
|[[Lucknow Lok Sabha constituency|Lucknow]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Rajnath Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Nakul Dubey]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Abhishek Misra
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Prof. Rita Bahuguna Joshi
|-
!36
|[[Rae Bareli Lok Sabha constituency|Rae Bareli]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Ajay Agrawal
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Pravesh Singh
|rowspan=2 colspan=3|''Did not contest''
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Sonia Gandhi]]
|-
!37
|[[Amethi Lok Sabha constituency|Amethi]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Smriti Irani]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Dharmendra Pratap Singh
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Rahul Gandhi]]
|-
!38
|[[Sultanpur Lok Sabha constituency|Sultanpur]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Feroze Varun Gandhi]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Pawan Pandey
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Shakeel Ahmed
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Ameeta Singh
|-
!39
|[[Pratapgarh Lok Sabha constituency|Pratapgarh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)|shortname=AD}}
| [[Harivansh Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Asif Nizamuddin Siddique
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Pramod Kumar Singh Patel
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Rajkumari Ratna Singh
|-
!40
|[[Farrukhabad Lok Sabha constituency|Farrukhabad]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Mukesh Rajput]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Jaiveer Singh
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Rameshwar Singh Yadav
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Salman Khurshid]]
|-
!41
|[[Etawah Lok Sabha constituency|Etawah]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Ashok Kumar Doharey]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Ajay Pal Singh Jatav
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Premdas Kateriya
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Hans Mukhi Kori
|-
!42
|[[Kannauj Lok Sabha constituency|Kannauj]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Subrat Pathak]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Nirmal Tiwari
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Dimple Yadav]]
|colspan=3|''Did not contest''
|-
!43
|[[Kanpur Lok Sabha constituency|Kanpur]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Murli Manohar Joshi]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Saleem Ahmad
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Surendra Mohan Agarwal
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Sriprakash Jaiswal]]
|-
!44
|[[Akbarpur Lok Sabha constituency|Akbarpur]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Devendra Singh @ Bhole Singh
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Anil Shukla Warsi
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Lal Singh Tomar
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Rajaram Pal
|-
!45
|[[Jalaun Lok Sabha constituency|Jalaun]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Bhanu Pratap Singh Verma]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Brijlal Khabri]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Ghanshyam Anuragi]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Vijay Chaudhari
|-
!46
|[[Jhansi Lok Sabha constituency|Jhansi]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Uma Bharati]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Anuradha Sharma
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Chandrapal Singh Yadav]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Pradeep Jain Aditya]]
|-
!47
|[[Hamirpur, Uttar Pradesh Lok Sabha constituency|Hamirpur]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Pushpendra Singh Chandel]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Rakesh Kumar Goswami]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Vishambhar Prasad Nishad]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Pritam Singh Lodhi "Kisaan"
|-
!48
|[[Banda Lok Sabha constituency|Banda]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Bhairon Prasad Mishra]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| R. K. Singh Patel
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Bal Kumar Patel]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Vivek Kumar Singh
|-
|-
!49
|[[Fatehpur Lok Sabha constituency|Fatehpur]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Niranjan Jyoti]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Afzal Siddiqui
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Rakesh Sachan]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Usha Maurya]]
|-
!50
|[[Kaushambi Lok Sabha constituency|Kaushambi]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Vinod Sonkar]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Suresh Pasi]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Shailendra Kumar]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Mahendra Kumar
|-
!51
|[[Phulpur Lok Sabha constituency|Phulpur]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Keshav Prasad Maurya]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Kapil Muni Karwariya]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Dharmraj Patel]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Mohd. Kaif
|-
!52
|[[Allahabad Lok Sabha constituency|Allahabad]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Shyama Charan Gupta]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Keshari Devi Patel]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Rewati Raman Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Nand Gopal Gupta]]
|-
!53
|[[Barabanki Lok Sabha constituency|Barabanki]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Priyanka Singh Rawat]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Kamla Prasad]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Rajrani Rawat
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[P. L. Punia]]
|-
!54
|[[Faizabad Lok Sabha constituency|Faizabad]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Lallu Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Jitendra Kumar Singh (Bablu Bhaiya)
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Mitrasen Yadav]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Nirmal Khatri]]
|-
!55
|[[Ambedkar Nagar Lok Sabha constituency|Ambedkar Nagar]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Hari Om Pandey]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Rakesh Pandey (UP politician)|Rakesh Pandey]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Ram Murti Verma]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Ashok Singh
|-
!56
|[[Bahraich Lok Sabha constituency|Bahraich]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| Sadhvi Savitri Bai Foole
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Dr. Vijay Kumar
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Shabbir Ahmad
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Kamal Kishor]]
|-
!57
|[[Kaiserganj Lok Sabha constituency|Kaiserganj]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Brij Bhushan Sharan Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Krishna Kumar Ojha
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Vinod Singh (Gonda politician)|Vinod Kumar alias Pandit Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Mukesh Srivastav alias Gyanendra Pratap
|-
!58
|[[Shrawasti Lok Sabha constituency|Shrawasti]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Daddan Mishra]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Lalji Verma]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Atiq Ahmed]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Vinay Kumar Pandey]]
|-
!59
|[[Gonda Lok Sabha constituency|Gonda]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Kirti Vardhan Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Akbar Ahmad Dumpy]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Nandita Shukla
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Beni Prasad Verma]]
|-
!60
|[[Domariyaganj Lok Sabha constituency|Domariyaganj]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Jagdambika Pal]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Muhammad Muqeem
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Mata Prasad Pandey]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Vasundhara
|-
!61
|[[Basti Lok Sabha constituency|Basti]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Harish Dwivedi]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Ram Prasad Chaudhary]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Brij Kishor Singh "Dimpal"
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Ambika Singh
|-
!62
|[[Sant Kabir Nagar Lok Sabha constituency|Sant Kabir Nagar]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Sharad Tripathi]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Bhishma Shankar Tiwari]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Bhalchandra Yadava]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Rohit Kumar Pandey
|-
!63
|[[Maharajganj, Uttar Pradesh Lok Sabha constituency|Maharajganj]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Pankaj Singh (politician)|Pankaj]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Kashi Nath Shukla
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Akhilesh
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Harsh Vardhan (Uttar Pradesh politician)|Harsh Vardhan]]
|-
!64
|[[Gorakhpur Lok Sabha constituency|Gorakhpur]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Yogi Adityanath]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Rambhual Nishad]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Rajmati Nishad
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Astbhuja Prasad Tripathi
|-
!65
|[[Kushi Nagar Lok Sabha constituency|Kushi Nagar]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Rajesh Pandey]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Dr. Sangam Mishra
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Radhe Shyam Singh
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Ratanjit Pratap Narain Singh]]
|-
!66
|[[Deoria Lok Sabha constituency|Deoria]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Kalraj Mishra]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Niyaj Ahmad
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Baleshwar Yadav (politician)|Baleshwar Yadav]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Sabhakunwar Kushawaha|Sabha Kunwar]]
|-
!67
|[[Bansgaon Lok Sabha constituency|Bansgaon]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Kamlesh Paswan]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Sadal Prasad]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Gorakh Prasad Paswan
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Sanjai Kumar
|-
!68
|[[Lalganj Lok Sabha constituency|Lalganj]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Neelam Sonkar]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Dr. Baliram
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Bechai Saroj]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Balihari]]
|-
!69
|[[Azamgarh Lok Sabha constituency|Azamgarh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Ramakant Yadav (politician)|Ramakant Yadav]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Shah Alam (Indian politician)|Shah Alam]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Mulayam Singh Yadav]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Arvind Kumar Jaiswal
|-
!70
|[[Ghosi Lok Sabha constituency|Ghosi]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Harinarayan Rajbhar]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Dara Singh Chauhan]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Rajeev Kumar Rai]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Rashtra Kunwar Singh
|-
!71
|[[Salempur Lok Sabha constituency|Salempur]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Ravindra Kushawaha]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Ravi Shanker Singh "Pappu"
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Haribansh Sahai Kushwaha
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Dr. Bhola Pandey
|-
!72
|[[Ballia Lok Sabha constituency|Ballia]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Bharat Singh]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Virendra Kumar Pathak
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Neeraj Shekhar]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Sudha Rai
|-
!73
|[[Jaunpur Lok Sabha constituency|Jaunpur]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Krishna Pratap]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Subhash Pandey
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Parasnath Yadav]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Ravi Kishan]]
|-
!74
|[[Machhlishahr Lok Sabha constituency|Machhlishahr]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Ram Charitra Nishad]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[B. P. Saroj]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Tufani Saroj]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Tufani Nishad
|-
!75
|[[Ghazipur Lok Sabha constituency|Ghazipur]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Manoj Sinha]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Kailash Nath Singh Yadav]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Smt Shivkanya Kushwaha
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Mo. Maksud Khan
|-
!76
|[[Chandauli Lok Sabha constituency|Chandauli]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Mahendra Nath Pandey]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Anil Kumar Maurya]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Ramkishun]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Tarun Patel urf Tarunendra Chand Patel
|-
!77
|[[Varanasi Lok Sabha constituency|Varanasi]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Narendra Modi]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Vijay Prakash Jaisawal
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Kailash Nath Chaurasiya]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Ajay Rai]]
|-
!78
|[[Bhadohi Lok Sabha constituency|Bhadohi]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Virendra Singh Mast]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Rakeshdhar Tripathi]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| Seema Mishra
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Sartaj Imam
|-
!79
|[[Mirzapur Lok Sabha constituency|Mirzapur]]
|{{Party name with colour|Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)|shortname=AD}}
| [[Anupriya Singh Patel]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| Samudra Bind
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Surendra Singh Patel]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| [[Lalitesh Pati Tripathi]]
|-
!80
|[[Robertsganj Lok Sabha constituency|Robertsganj]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Chhotelal]]
|{{Party name with colour|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| [[Sharada Prasad]]
|{{Party name with colour|Samajwadi Party}}
| [[Pakaudi Lal Kol]]
|{{Party name with colour|Indian National Congress}}
| Bhagwati Prasad Chaudhary
|-

|}

==Election schedule==

Constituency wise Election schedule are given below<ref name=mospi.gov.in/>-
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Polling Day
! Phase
! Date
! Constituencies
! Voting Percentage
|-
| 1
| 3
| 10 April
| [[Saharanpur Lok Sabha constituency|Saharanpur]], [[Kairana Lok Sabha constituency|Kairana]], [[Muzaffarnagar Lok Sabha constituency|Muzaffarnagar]], [[Bijnor Lok Sabha constituency|Bijnor]], [[Meerut Lok Sabha constituency|Meerut]], [[Baghpat Lok Sabha constituency|Baghpat]], [[Ghaziabad Lok Sabha constituency|Ghaziabad]], [[Gautam Buddha Nagar Lok Sabha constituency|Gautam Buddha Nagar]], [[Bulandshahr Lok Sabha constituency|Bulandshahr]], [[Aligarh Lok Sabha constituency|Aligarh]]
| style="text-align:center;"| 65<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/highlights/story/lok-sabha-polls-2014-delhi-polls-kerala-polls-lakshadweep-islands-polls-188352-2014-04-10 |title=Lok Sabha Election 2014: Third phase polling sees high voter turnout |publisher=India Today |date=10 April 2014 |access-date= 23 April 2014}}</ref>
|-
| 2
| 5
| 17 April
| [[Nagina Lok Sabha constituency|Nagina]], [[Moradabad Lok Sabha constituency|Moradabad]], [[Rampur Lok Sabha constituency|Rampur]], [[Sambhal Lok Sabha constituency|Sambhal]], [[Amroha Lok Sabha constituency|Amroha]], [[Badaun Lok Sabha constituency|Badaun]], [[Aonla Lok Sabha constituency|Aonla]], [[Bareilly Lok Sabha constituency|Bareilly]], [[Pilibhit Lok Sabha constituency|Pilibhit]], [[Shahjahanpur Lok Sabha constituency|Shahjahanpur]], [[Kheri Lok Sabha constituency|Kheri]]
| style="text-align:center;"| 62<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/uttar-pradesh/story/polling-begins-for-11-seats-in-uttar-pradesh-189325-2014-04-17 |title=UP records over 62 per cent voter turnout |publisher=India Today |agency=PTI |date=17 April 2014 |access-date= 23 April 2014}}</ref>
|-
| 3
| 6
| 24 April
| [[Hathras Lok Sabha constituency|Hathras]], [[Mathura Lok Sabha constituency|Mathura]], [[Agra Lok Sabha constituency|Agra]], [[Fatehpur Sikri Lok Sabha constituency|Fatehpur Sikri]], [[Firozabad Lok Sabha constituency|Firozabad]], [[Mainpuri Lok Sabha constituency|Mainpuri]], [[Etah Lok Sabha constituency|Etah]], [[Hardoi Lok Sabha constituency|Hardoi]], [[Farrukhabad Lok Sabha constituency|Farrukhabad]], [[Etawah Lok Sabha constituency|Etawah]], [[Kannauj Lok Sabha constituency|Kannauj]], [[Akbarpur Lok Sabha constituency|Akbarpur]]
| style="text-align:center;"| 60.12<ref>{{cite news|first= Ashish |last= Tripathi |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/lok-sabha-elections-2014/news/High-voter-turnout-may-spell-bad-news-for-Samajwadi-Party-in-UP/articleshow/34171313.cms |title=High voter turnout may spell bad news for Samajwadi Party in UP |work=The Times of India|date=25 April 2014 |accessdate= 25 April 2014}}</ref>
|-
| 4
| 7
| 30 April
| [[Dhaurahra Lok Sabha constituency|Dhaurahra]], [[Sitapur Lok Sabha constituency|Sitapur]], [[Misrikh Lok Sabha constituency|Misrikh]], [[Unnao Lok Sabha constituency|Unnao]], [[Mohanlalganj Lok Sabha constituency|Mohanlalganj]], [[Lucknow Lok Sabha constituency|Lucknow]], [[Rae Bareli Lok Sabha constituency|Rae Bareli]], [[Kanpur Lok Sabha constituency|Kanpur Urban]], [[Jalaun Lok Sabha constituency|Jalaun]], [[Jhansi Lok Sabha constituency|Jhansi]], [[Hamirpur, Uttar Pradesh Lok Sabha constituency|Hamirpur]], [[Banda Lok Sabha constituency|Banda]], [[Fatehpur Lok Sabha constituency|Fatehpur]], [[Barabanki Lok Sabha constituency|Barabanki]]
| style="text-align:center;"| 57<ref>[https://www.oneindia.com/india/updates-7th-phase-of-lok-sabha-election-2014-april30-lse-1438841.html 7th phase: 73% voter turnout in Punjab, 60% in Bihar] Sandra Fernandez, One India News, 30 April 2014</ref>
|-
| 5
| 8
| 7 May
| [[Amethi Lok Sabha constituency|Amethi]], [[Sultanpur Lok Sabha constituency|Sultanpur]], [[Pratapgarh Lok Sabha constituency|Pratapgarh]], [[Kaushambi Lok Sabha constituency|Kaushambi]], [[Phulpur Lok Sabha constituency|Phulpur]], [[Allahabad Lok Sabha constituency|Allahabad]], [[Faizabad Lok Sabha constituency|Faizabad]], [[Ambedkar Nagar Lok Sabha constituency|Ambedkar Nagar]], [[Bahraich Lok Sabha constituency|Bahraich]], [[Kaiserganj Lok Sabha constituency|Kaiserganj]], [[Shrawasti Lok Sabha constituency|Shrawasti]], [[Gonda Lok Sabha constituency|Gonda]], [[Basti Lok Sabha constituency|Basti]], [[Sant Kabir Nagar Lok Sabha constituency|Sant Kabir Nagar]], [[Bhadohi Lok Sabha constituency|Bhadohi]]
| style="text-align:center;"| 55.5<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/highlights/story/lok-sabha-polls-eighth-phase-polls-polling-rahul-gandhi-smriti-irani-ram-vilas-paswan-rabri-devi-191873-2014-05-06 |title=Lok Sabha polls: 56 pc polling in UP, booth trouble for Gandhis |publisher=India Today |date=7 May 2014 |access-date= 7 May 2014}}</ref>
|-
| 6
| 9
| 12 May
| [[Domariyaganj Lok Sabha constituency|Domariyaganj]], [[Maharajganj (Uttar Pradesh Lok Sabha constituency)|Maharajganj]], [[Gorakhpur Lok Sabha constituency|Gorakhpur]], [[Kushi Nagar Lok Sabha constituency|Kushi Nagar]], [[Deoria Lok Sabha constituency|Deoria]], [[Bansgaon Lok Sabha constituency|Bansgaon]], [[Lalganj Lok Sabha constituency|Lalganj]], [[Azamgarh Lok Sabha constituency|Azamgarh]], [[Ghosi Lok Sabha constituency|Ghosi]], [[Salempur Lok Sabha constituency|Salempur]], [[Ballia Lok Sabha constituency|Ballia]], [[Jaunpur Lok Sabha constituency|Jaunpur]], [[Machhlishahr Lok Sabha constituency|Machhlishahr]], [[Ghazipur Lok Sabha constituency|Ghazipur]], [[Chandauli Lok Sabha constituency|Chandauli]], [[Varanasi Lok Sabha constituency|Varanasi]], [[Mirzapur Lok Sabha constituency|Mirzapur]], [[Robertsganj Lok Sabha constituency|Robertsganj]]
| style="text-align:center;"| 55.3<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/high-voter-turnout-in-last-lap-of-lok-sabha-elections-west-bengal-notches-up-80-/1250021|title= High voter turnout in last lap of Lok Sabha elections; West Bengal notches up 80%|work=The Financial Express|date=12 May 2014}}</ref>
|}

==Results==
{{Pie chart
| caption = '''Vote Share'''
| value1 = 42.3
| label1 = [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| color1 = {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| value2 = 22.1
| label2 = [[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
| color2 = {{party color|Samajwadi Party}}
| value3 = 19.6
| label3 = [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| color3 = {{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| value4 = 7.4
| label4 = [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| color4 = {{party color|Indian National Congress}}
| value5 = 0.8
| label5 = [[Rashtriya Lok Dal|RLD]]
| color5 = {{party color|Rashtriya Lok Dal}}
| value6 = 1.74
| label6 = [[Independent politician|Independent]]
| color6 = black
| value7 = 1.0
| label7 = [[Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)|AD]]
| color7 = {{party color|Apna Dal}}
| other = 5.06
| color_other = #c0c0c0
}}{{Pie chart
| caption = '''Seat Share'''
| value1 = 88.75
| label1 = [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| color1 = {{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| value2 = 6.25
| label2 = [[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
| color2 = {{party color|Samajwadi Party}}
| value3 = 2.50
| label3 = [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| color3 = {{party color|Indian National Congress}}
| value4 = 2.50
| label4 = [[Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)|AD]]
| color4 = {{party color|Apna Dal}}
}}
The BJP won 71 seats, a monumental increase from the 10 seats it won in LS 2009 elections. Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) which formed government in UP for four times did not win a single seat in this general elections.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://caravanmagazine.in/reportage/everybodys-brother-akhilesh-yadav|title=Akhilesh Yadav in the family business|last=Dixit|first=Neha|website=The Caravan|language=en|access-date=2019-05-22}}</ref>
=== Results by Party/Alliance ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! colspan="4" rowspan="2" | Alliance/ Party
! colspan="3" | Popular vote
! colspan="3" | Seats
|-
! Votes
! %
! ±[[Percentage point|pp]]
! Contested
! Won
! '''+/−'''
|-
|rowspan="3" {{Party color cell|National Democratic Alliance}}
!rowspan="3" style="background:#fef3e8"|[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
| {{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| 3,43,18,854
| 42.32
| {{increase}} 24.82
| 78
| 71
| {{increase}} 61
|-
| {{Party color cell|Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)}}
| [[Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)|AD]]
| 8,12,325
| 1.00
| {{steady}}
| 2
| 2
| {{increase}} 2
|-
! colspan="2"style="background:#fef3e8" | Total
! style="background:#fef3e8" | 3,51,31,179
! style="background:#fef3e8" | 43.32
! style="background:#fef3e8" | {{Steady}}
! style="background:#fef3e8" | 80
! style="background:#fef3e8" | 73
! style="background:#fef3e8" | {{increase}} 63
|-
| {{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
| colspan="3"|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
| 1,79,88,967
| 22.18
| {{decrease}} 1.08
| 78
| 5
| {{decrease}} 18
|-
| {{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
| colspan="3"|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
| 1,59,14,194
| 19.62
| {{decrease}} 7.80
| 80
| 0
| {{decrease}} 20
|-
|rowspan="4" {{Party color cell|United Progressive Alliance}}
!rowspan="4" style="background:#E5F8FF"|[[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]]
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| 60,61,267
| 7.47
| {{decrease}} 10.78
| 67
| 2
| {{decrease}} 19
|-
| {{Party color cell|Rashtriya Lok Dal}}
| [[Rashtriya Lok Dal|RLD]]
| 6,89,409
| 0.85
| {{decrease}} 2.42
| 8
| 0
| {{decrease}} 5
|-
| {{Party color cell|Mahan Dal}}
| [[Mahan Dal|MD]]
| 22,774
| 0.03
| {{decrease}} 0.16
| 3
| 0
| {{steady}}
|-
! colspan="2"style="background:#E5F8FF" | Total
! style="background:#E5F8FF" | 67,73,450
! style="background:#E5F8FF" | 8.35
! style="background:#E5F8FF" | {{steady}}
! style="background:#E5F8FF" | 78
! style="background:#E5F8FF" | 2
! style="background:#E5F8FF" | {{decrease}} 24
|-
| {{Party color cell|Other}}
| colspan="3" | Others
| 32,78,130
| 4.04
| {{steady}}
| 599
| 0
| {{steady}}
|-
| {{Party color cell|Independent (politician)}}
| colspan="3" | [[Independent (politician)|IND]]
| 14,14,869
| 1.74
| {{steady}}
| 373
| 0
| {{steady}}
|-
| {{Party color cell|None of the above (India)}}
| colspan="3" | [[None of the above (India)|NOTA]]
| 5,92,331
| 0.73
| {{steady}}
!colspan="3" style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|
|-
! colspan="4" | Total
! 8,10,93,120
! 100%
! -
! 1,288
! 80
! -
|}

==Constituency Wise Results==
'''Keys: '''
{{legend2|#FFB917|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (71) |border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#66FF99|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]] (5) |border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#00FFFF|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] (2) |border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}
{{legend2|#DD8800|[[Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)|AD]] (2) |border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
!colspan="2" rowspan="2"|Constituency
! colspan="5" |Winner
! colspan="5" |Runner-up
! colspan="2" |Margin
|-
!Candidate
! colspan="2" |Party
! data-sort-type=number | Votes
! data-sort-type=number | %
!Candidate
! colspan="2" |Party
!data-sort-type=number | Votes
!data-sort-type=number | %
!data-sort-type=number | Votes
!data-sort-type=number | %
|-
!1
|[[Saharanpur Lok Sabha constituency|Saharanpur]]
|Raghav Lakhanpal
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|472,999
|39.59
|Imran Masood
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|407,909
|34.14
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|65,090
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|5.45
|-

!2
|[[Kairana Lok Sabha constituency|Kairana]]
|Hukum Singh
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|565,909
|50.54
|Nahid Hasan
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|329,081
|29.39
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|236,828
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|21.15
|-

!3
|[[Muzaffarnagar Lok Sabha constituency|Muzaffarnagar]]
|(Dr.) Sanjeev Kumar Balyan
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|653,391
|58.98
|Kadir Rana
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|252,241
|22.77
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|401,150
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|36.21
|-

!4
|[[Bijnor Lok Sabha constituency|Bijnor]]
|Kunwar Bhartendra
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|486,913
|45.92
|Shahnawaz Rana
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|281,139
|26.51
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|205,774
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|19.41
|-

!5
|[[Nagina Lok Sabha constituency|Nagina]]
|Yashwant Singh
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|367,825
|39.02
|Yashvir Singh
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|275,435
|29.22
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|92,390
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|9.80
|-

!6
|[[Moradabad Lok Sabha constituency|Moradabad]]
|Kunwer Sarvesh Kumar
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|485,224
|43.01
|Dr. S. T. Hasan
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|397,720
|35.26
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|87,504
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|7.75
|-

!7
|[[Rampur Lok Sabha constituency|Rampur]]
|Dr. Nepal Singh
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|358,616
|37.42
|Naseer Ahmad Khan
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|335,181
|34.98
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|23,435
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|2.44
|-

!8
|[[Sambhal Lok Sabha constituency|Sambhal]]
|Satyapal Singh
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|360,242
|34.08
|Dr. Shafiq-ur-Rahman Barq
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|355,068
|33.59
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|5,174
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|0.49
|-

!9
|[[Amroha Lok Sabha constituency|Amroha]]
|Kanwar Singh Tanwar
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|528,880
|48.26
|Humera Akhtar
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|370,666
|33.82
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|158,214
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|14.44
|-

!10
|[[Meerut Lok Sabha constituency|Meerut]]
|Rajendra Agarwal
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|532,981
|47.86
|Mohd. Shahid Akhlak
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|300,655
|27
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|232,326
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|20.86
|-

!11
|[[Baghpat Lok Sabha constituency|Baghpat]]
|Dr. Satya Pal Singh
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|423,475
|42.15
|Ghulam Mohammed
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|213,609
|21.26
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|209,866
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|20.89
|-

!12
|[[Ghaziabad Lok Sabha constituency|Ghaziabad]]
|Vijay Kumar Singh
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|758,482
|56.50
|Raj Babbar
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|191,222
|14.24
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|567,260
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|42.26
|-

!13
|[[Gautam Buddha Nagar Lok Sabha constituency|Gautam Buddha Nagar]]
|Dr. Mahesh Sharma
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|599,702
|50
|Narendra Bhati
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|319,490
|26.64
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|280,212
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|23.36
|-

!14
|[[Bulandshahr Lok Sabha constituency|Bulandshahr]]
|Bhola Singh
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|604,449
|59.83
|Pradeep Kumar Jatav
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|182,476
|18.06
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|421,973
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|41.77
|-

!15
|[[Aligarh Lok Sabha constituency|Aligarh]]
|Satish Kumar
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|514,622
|48.34
|Dr. Arvind Kumar Singh
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|227,886
|21.40
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|286,736
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|26.94
|-

!16
|[[Hathras Lok Sabha constituency|Hathras]]
|Rajesh Kumar Diwaker
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|544,277
|51.87
|Manoj Kumar Soni
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|217,891
|20.77
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|326,386
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|31.10
|-

!17
|[[Mathura Lok Sabha constituency|Mathura]]
|Hema Malini
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|574,633
|53.29
|Jayant Chaudhary
|{{Party color cell|Rashtriya Lok Dal}}
|[[Rashtriya Lok Dal|RLD]]
|243,890
|22.62
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|330,743
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|30.67
|-

!18
|[[Agra Lok Sabha constituency|Agra]]
|Dr. Ram Shankar Katheria
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|583,716
|54.53
|Narayan Singh Suman
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|283,453
|26.48
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|300,263
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|28.05
|-

!19
|[[Fatehpur Sikri Lok Sabha constituency|Fatehpur Sikri]]
|Babulal
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|426,589
|44.06
|Seema Upadhyay
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|253,483
|26.18
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|173,106
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|17.88
|-

!20
|[[Firozabad Lok Sabha constituency|Firozabad]]
|Akshay Yadav
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|534,583
|48.39
|Prof. S. P. Singh Baghel
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|420,524
|38.07
|style="background:{{party color|Samajwadi Party}} ; color:white;"|114,059
|style="background:{{party color|Samajwadi Party}} ; color:white;"|10.32
|-

!21
|[[Mainpuri Lok Sabha constituency|Mainpuri]]
|Mulayam Singh Yadav
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|595,918
|59.63
|Shatrughan Singh Chauhan
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|231,252
|23.14
|style="background:{{party color|Samajwadi Party}} ; color:white;"|364,666
|style="background:{{party color|Samajwadi Party}} ; color:white;"|36.49
|-

!22
|[[Etah Lok Sabha constituency|Etah]]
|Rajveer Singh (Raju Bhaiya)
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|474,978
|51.28
|Ku. Devendra Singh Yadav
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|273,977
|29.58
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|201,001
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|21.70
|-

!23
|[[Badaun Lok Sabha constituency|Badaun]]
|Dharmendra Yadav
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|498,378
|48.50
|Vagish Pathak
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|332,031
|32.31
|style="background:{{party color|Samajwadi Party}} ; color:white;"|166,347
|style="background:{{party color|Samajwadi Party}} ; color:white;"|16.19
|-

!24
|[[Aonla Lok Sabha constituency|Aonla]]
|Dharmendra Kumar
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|409,907
|41.16
|Kunwar Sarvraj Singh
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|271,478
|27.26
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|138,429
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|13.90
|-

!25
|[[Bareilly Lok Sabha constituency|Bareilly]]
|Santosh Kumar Gangwar
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|518,258
|50.90
|Ayesha Islam
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|277,573
|27.26
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|240,685
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|23.64
|-

!26
|[[Pilibhit Lok Sabha constituency|Pilibhit]]
|Maneka Sanjay Gandhi
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|546,934
|52.06
|Budhsen Verma
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|239,882
|22.83
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|307,052
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|29.23
|-

!27
|[[Shahjahanpur Lok Sabha constituency|Shahjahanpur]]
|Krishna Raj
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|525,132
|46.45
|Umed Singh Kashyap
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|289,603
|25.62
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|235,529
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|20.83
|-

!28
|[[Kheri Lok Sabha constituency|Kheri]]
|Ajay Kumar
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|398,578
|36.98
|Arvind Giri
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|288,304
|26.75
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|110,274
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|10.23
|-

!29
|[[Dhaurahra Lok Sabha constituency|Dhaurahra]]
|Rekha
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|360,357
|33.99
|Daud Ahmad
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|234,682
|22.13
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|125,675
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|11.86
|-

!30
|[[Sitapur Lok Sabha constituency|Sitapur]]
|Rajesh Verma
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|417,546
|40.66
|Kaiser Jahan
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|366,519
|35.69
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|51,027
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|4.97
|-

!31
|[[Hardoi Lok Sabha constituency|Hardoi]]
|Anshul Verma
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|360,501
|37.05
|Shive Prasad Verma
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|279,158
|28.69
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|81,343
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|8.36
|-

!32
|[[Misrikh Lok Sabha constituency|Misrikh]]
|Anju Bala
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|412,575
|41.33
|Ashok Kumar Rawat
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|325,212
|32.58
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|87,363
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|8.75
|-

!33
|[[Unnao Lok Sabha constituency|Unnao]]
|Sakshi Maharaj
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|518,834
|43.17
|Arun Shankar Shukla
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|208,661
|17.36
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|310,173
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|25.81
|-

!34
|[[Mohanlalganj Lok Sabha constituency|Mohanlalganj]]
|Kaushal Kishore
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|455,274
|40.77
|R. K. Chaudhary
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|309,858
|27.75
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|145,416
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|13.02
|-

!35
|[[Lucknow Lok Sabha constituency|Lucknow]]
|Rajnath Singh
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|561,106
|54.23
|Prof. Rita Bahuguna Joshi
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|288,357
|27.87
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|272,749
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|26.36
|-

!36
|[[Rae Bareli Lok Sabha constituency|Rae Bareli]]
|Sonia Gandhi
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|526,434
|63.80
|Ajay Agrawal
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|173,721
|21.05
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|352,713
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|42.75
|-

!37
|[[Amethi Lok Sabha constituency|Amethi]]
|Rahul Gandhi
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|408,651
|46.71
|Smriti Irani
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|300,748
|34.38
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|107,903
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}} ; color:white;"|12.33
|-

!38
|[[Sultanpur Lok Sabha constituency|Sultanpur]]
|Feroze Varun Gandhi
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|410,348
|42.51
|Pawan Pandey
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|231,446
|23.98
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|178,902
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|18.53
|-

!39
|[[Pratapgarh Lok Sabha constituency|Pratapgarh]]
|Kuwar Harivansh Singh
|{{Party color cell|Apna Dal}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Apna Dal (Soneylal)|AD]]
|375,789
|42.01
|Asif Nizamuddin Siddique
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|207,567
|23.20
|style="background:{{party color|Apna Dal}} ; color:white;"|168,222
|style="background:{{party color|Apna Dal}} ; color:white;"|18.81
|-

!40
|[[Farrukhabad Lok Sabha constituency|Farrukhabad]]
|Mukesh Rajput
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|406,195
|41.84
|Rameshwar Singh Yadav
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|255,693
|26.34
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|150,502
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|15.50
|-

!41
|[[Etawah Lok Sabha constituency|Etawah]]
|Ashok Kumar Doharey
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|439,646
|46.78
|Premdas Kateriya
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|266,700
|28.38
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|172,946
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|18.40
|-

!42
|[[Kannauj Lok Sabha constituency|Kannauj]]
|Dimple Yadav
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|489,164
|43.89
|Subrat Pathak
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|469,257
|42.10
|style="background:{{party color|Samajwadi Party}} ; color:white;"|19,907
|style="background:{{party color|Samajwadi Party}} ; color:white;"|1.79
|-

!43
|[[Kanpur Lok Sabha constituency|Kanpur]]
|Dr. Murli Manohar Joshi
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|474,712
|56.84
|Sriprakash Jaiswal
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|251,766
|30.15
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|222,946
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|26.69
|-

!44
|[[Akbarpur Lok Sabha constituency|Akbarpur]]
|Devendra Singh @ Bhole Singh
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|481,584
|49.57
|Anil Shukla Warsi
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|202,587
|20.85
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|278,997
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|28.72
|-

!45
|[[Jalaun Lok Sabha constituency|Jalaun]]
|Bhanu Pratap Singh Verma
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|548,631
|49.46
|Brijlal Khabri
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|261,429
|23.57
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|287,202
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|25.89
|-

!46
|[[Jhansi Lok Sabha constituency|Jhansi]]
|Uma Bharati
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|575,889
|43.60
|Dr. Chandrapal Singh Yadav
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|385,422
|29.18
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|190,467
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|14.42
|-

!47
|[[Hamirpur, Uttar Pradesh Lok Sabha constituency|Hamirpur]]
|Kunwar Pushpendra Singh Chandel
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|453,884
|46.41
|Bishambhar Prasad Nishad
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|187,096
|19.13
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|266,788
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|27.28
|-

!48
|[[Banda Lok Sabha constituency|Banda]]
|Bhairon Prasad Mishra
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|342,066
|39.84
|R. K. Singh Patel
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|226,278
|26.35
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|115,788
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|13.49
|-

!49
|[[Fatehpur Lok Sabha constituency|Fatehpur]]
|Niranjan Jyoti
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|485,994
|45.97
|Afzal Siddiqui
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|298,788
|28.26
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|187,206
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|17.71
|-

!50
|[[Kaushambi Lok Sabha constituency|Kaushambi]]
|Vinod Kumar Sonkar
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|331,724
|36.43
|Shailendra Kumar
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|288,824
|31.72
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|42,900
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|4.71
|-

!51
|[[Phulpur Lok Sabha constituency|Phulpur]]
|Keshav Prasad Maurya
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|503,564
|52.43
|Dharam Raj Singh Patel
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|195,256
|20.33
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|308,308
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|32.10
|-

!52
|[[Allahabad Lok Sabha constituency|Allahabad]]
|Shyama Charan Gupta
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|313,772
|35.19
|Kunwar Rewati Raman Singh (Mani)
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|251,763
|28.24
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|62,009
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|6.95
|-

!53
|[[Barabanki Lok Sabha constituency|Barabanki]]
|Priyanka Singh Rawat
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|454,214
|42.52
|P. L. Punia
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|242,336
|22.69
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|211,878
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|19.83
|-

!54
|[[Faizabad Lok Sabha constituency|Faizabad]]
|Lallu Singh
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|491,761
|48.08
|Mitrasen Yadav
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|208,986
|20.43
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|282,775
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|27.65
|-

!55
|[[Ambedkar Nagar Lok Sabha constituency|Ambedkar Nagar]]
|Hari Om Pandey
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|432,104
|41.77
|Rakesh Pandey
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|292,675
|28.29
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|139,429
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|13.48
|-

!56
|[[Bahraich Lok Sabha constituency|Bahraich]]
|Sadhvi Savitri Bai Foole
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|432,392
|46.28
|Shabbir Ahmad
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|336,747
|36.04
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|95,645
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|10.24
|-

!57
|[[Kaiserganj Lok Sabha constituency|Kaiserganj]]
|Brij Bhusan Sharan Singh
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|381,500
|40.44
|Vinod Kumar (Pandit Singh)
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|303,282
|32.15
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|78,218
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|8.29
|-

!58
|[[Shrawasti Lok Sabha constituency|Shrawasti]]
|Daddan Mishra
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|345,964
|35.30
|Atiq Ahmad
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|260,051
|26.53
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|85,913
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|8.77
|-

!59
|[[Gonda Lok Sabha constituency|Gonda]]
|Kirti Vardhan Singh
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|359,639
|41.15
|Nandita Shukla
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|199,227
|22.80
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|160,412
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|18.35
|-

!60
|[[Domariyaganj Lok Sabha constituency|Domariyaganj]]
|Jagdambika Pal
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|298,845
|31.96
|Muhammad Muqeem
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|195,257
|20.88
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|103,588
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|11.08
|-

!61
|[[Basti Lok Sabha constituency|Basti]]
|Harish Chandra (Harish Dwivedi)
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|357,680
|34.11
|Brij Kishor Singh "Dimpal"
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|324,118
|30.91
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|33,562
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|3.20
|-

!62
|[[Sant Kabir Nagar Lok Sabha constituency|Sant Kabir Nagar]]
|Sharad Tripathi
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|348,892
|34.47
|Bhism Shankar (Kushal Tiwari)
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|250,914
|24.79
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|97,978
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|9.68
|-

!63
|[[Maharajganj, Uttar Pradesh Lok Sabha constituency|Maharajganj]]
|Pankaj
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|471,542
|44.47
|Kashi Nath Shukla
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|231,084
|21.80
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|240,458
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|22.67
|-

!64
|[[Gorakhpur Lok Sabha constituency|Gorakhpur]]
|Adityanath
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|539,127
|51.80
|Rajmati Nishad
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|226,344
|21.75
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|312,783
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|30.05
|-

!65
|[[Kushi Nagar Lok Sabha constituency|Kushi Nagar]]
|Rajesh Pandey (Guddu)
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|370,051
|38.92
|Kunwar Ratanjit Pratap Narain Singh
|{{Party color cell|Indian National Congress}}
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|284,511
|29.92
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|85,540
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|9.00
|-

!66
|[[Deoria Lok Sabha constituency|Deoria]]
|Kalraj Mishra
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|496,500
|51.07
|Niyaj Ahmad
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|231,114
|23.77
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|265,386
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|27.30
|-

!67
|[[Bansgaon Lok Sabha constituency|Bansgaon]]
|Kamlesh Paswan
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|417,959
|47.61
|Sadal Prasad
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|228,443
|26.02
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|189,516
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|21.59
|-

!68
|[[Lalganj Lok Sabha constituency|Lalganj]]
|Neelam Sonkar
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|324,016
|36.02
|Bechai Saroj
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|260,930
|29.01
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|63,086
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|7.01
|-

!69
|[[Azamgarh Lok Sabha constituency|Azamgarh]]
|Mulayam Singh Yadav
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|340,306
|35.43
|Ramakant Yadav
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|277,102
|28.85
|style="background:{{party color|Samajwadi Party}} ; color:white;"|63,204
|style="background:{{party color|Samajwadi Party}} ; color:white;"|6.58
|-

!70
|[[Ghosi Lok Sabha constituency|Ghosi]]
|Harinarayan Rajbhar
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|379,797
|36.52
|Dara Singh Chauhan
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|233,782
|22.48
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|146,015
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|14.04
|-

!71
|[[Salempur Lok Sabha constituency|Salempur]]
|Ravindra Kushawaha
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|392,213
|45.83
|Ravi Shanker Singh "Pappu"
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|159,871
|18.68
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|232,342
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|27.15
|-

!72
|[[Ballia Lok Sabha constituency|Ballia]]
|Bharat Singh
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|359,758
|38.18
|Neeraj Shekhar
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|220,324
|23.38
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|139,434
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|14.80
|-

!73
|[[Jaunpur Lok Sabha constituency|Jaunpur]]
|Krishna Pratap ''K.P.''
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|367,149
|36.45
|Subhash Pandey
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|220,839
|21.93
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|146,310
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|14.52
|-

!74
|[[Machhlishahr Lok Sabha constituency|Machhlishahr]]
|Ram Charitra Nishad
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|438,210
|43.91
|Bholanath (B.P. Saroj)
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|266,055
|26.66
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|172,155
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|17.25
|-

!75
|[[Ghazipur Lok Sabha constituency|Ghazipur]]
|Manoj Sinha
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|306,929
|31.11
|Shivkanya Kushwaha
|{{Party color cell|Samajwadi Party}}
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]]
|274,477
|27.82
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|32,452
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|3.29
|-

!76
|[[Chandauli Lok Sabha constituency|Chandauli]]
|Dr. Mahendra Nath Pandey
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|414,135
|42.23
|Anil Kumar Maurya
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|257,379
|26.25
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|156,756
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|15.98
|-

!77
|[[Varanasi Lok Sabha constituency|Varanasi]]
|Narendra Modi
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|581,022
|56.37
|Arvind Kejriwal
|{{Party color cell|Aam Aadmi Party}}
|[[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
|209,238
|20.30
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|371,784
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|36.07
|-

!78
|[[Bhadohi Lok Sabha constituency|Bhadohi]]
|Virendra Singh
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|403,695
|41.10
|Rakesh Dhar Tripathi
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|245,554
|25.00
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|158,141
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|16.10
|-

!79
|[[Mirzapur Lok Sabha constituency|Mirzapur]]
|Anupriya Singh Patel
|{{Party color cell|Apna Dal}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Apna Dal (Soneylal)|AD]]
|436,536
|43.32
|Samudra Bind
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|217,457
|21.58
|style="background:{{party color|Apna Dal}} ; color:white;"|219,079
|style="background:{{party color|Apna Dal}} ; color:white;"|21.74
|-

!80
|[[Robertsganj Lok Sabha constituency|Robertsganj]]
|Chhotelal
|{{Party color cell|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|scope="row" style="text-align: center;" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|378,211
|42.69
|Sharada Prasad
|{{Party color cell|Bahujan Samaj Party}}
|[[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]]
|187,725
|21.19
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|190,486
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}} ; color:white;"|21.50
|-

|}

==Post-election Union Council of Ministers from Uttar Pradesh ==
===Cabinet Ministers===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="line-height:20px;text-align:center;"
|-
!#
!Name
!Constituency
!Designation
!Department
!From
!To
!colspan="2"|Party
|-
|1
|Narendra Modi
|Varanasi
|Prime Minister
|Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions; Space; Atomic Energy
|26 May 2014
|30 May 2019
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=8}}
|-
|2
|Rajnath Singh
|Lucknow
|rowspan="7"|Cabinet Minister
|Home Affairs
|27 May 2014
|30 May 2019
|-
|rowspan="2"|3
|rowspan="2"|Uma Bharati
|rowspan="2"|Jhansi
|Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation
|27 May 2014
|3 Sep 2017
|-
|Drinking Water and Sanitation
|3 Sep 2017
|30 May 2019
|-
|4
|Maneka Gandhi
|Pilibhit
|Women and Child Development
|27 May 2014
|30 May 2019
|-
|5
|Kalraj Mishra
|Deoria
|Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
|27 May 2014
|3 Sep 2017
|-
|6
|Manohar Parrikar
|rowspan="2"|Rajya Sabha (Uttar Pradesh)
|Defence
|9 Nov 2014
|13 March 2017
|-
|7
|Arun Jaitley
|Finance; Corporate Affairs
|3 April 2018
|30 May 2019
|-
|}
* Note: Arun Jaitley represented Gujarat in the Rajya Sabha until 2 April 2018. He represented Uttar Pradesh for the remainder of the term

===Minister of State (Independent Charge)===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="line-height:20px;text-align:center;"
|-
!#
!Name
!Constituency
!Designation
!Department
!From
!To
!colspan="2"|Party
|-
|rowspan="2"|1
|rowspan="2"|Santosh Kumar Gangwar
|rowspan="2"|Bareilly
|rowspan="8"|MoS (I/C)
|Textiles
|27 May 2014
|5 July 2016
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=8}}
|-
|Labour and Employment
|3 Sep 2017
|30 May 2019
|-
|rowspan="2"|2
|rowspan="2"|Mahesh Sharma
|rowspan="2"|Gautam Buddha Nagar
|Culture
|9 Nov 2014
|30 May 2019
|-
|Tourism
|9 Nov 2014
|3 Sep 2017
|-
|3
|Manoj Sinha
|Ghazipur
|Communications
|5 July 2016
|30 May 2019
|-
|rowspan="2"|4
|rowspan="2"|V. K. Singh
|rowspan="2"|Ghaziabad
|Development of North Eastern Region
|27 May 2014
|9 Nov 2014
|-
|Statistics and Programme Implementation
|9 Nov 2014
|5 July 2016
|-
|5
|Hardeep Singh Puri
|Rajya Sabha (Uttar Pradesh)
|Housing and Urban Affairs
|3 Sep 2017
|30 May 2019
|-
|}

===Minister of State===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="line-height:20px;text-align:center;"
|-
!#
!Name
!Constituency
!Designation
!Department
!From
!To
!colspan="2"|Party
|-
|rowspan="3"|1
|rowspan="3"|Santosh Kumar Gangwar
|rowspan="3"|Bareilly
|rowspan="22"|MoS
|Finance
|5 July 2016
|3 Sep 2017
|{{party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party|rowspan=21}}
|-
|Parliamentary Affairs
|rowspan="2"|27 May 2014
|rowspan="2"|9 Nov 2014
|-
|Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation
|-
|rowspan="2"|2
|rowspan="2"|Mahesh Sharma
|rowspan="2"|Gautam Buddha Nagar
|Civil Aviation
|9 Nov 2014
|5 July 2016
|-
|Environment, Forest and Climate Change
|3 Sep 2017
|30 May 2019
|-
|3
|Manoj Sinha
|Ghazipur
|Railways
|27 May 2014
|30 May 2019
|-
|rowspan="2"|4
|rowspan="2"|V. K. Singh
|rowspan="2"|Ghaziabad
|External Affairs
|rowspan="2"|27 May 2014
|30 May 2019
|-
|Overseas Indian Affairs
|7 Jan 2016
|-
|rowspan="3"|5
|rowspan="3"|Sanjeev Balyan
|rowspan="3"|Muzaffarnagar
|Agriculture (renamed Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare)
|rowspan="2"|27 May 2014
|3 Sep 2017
|-
|Food Processing Industries
|9 Nov 2014
|-
|Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation
|5 July 2016
|3 Sep 2017
|-
|6
|Niranjan Jyoti
|Fatehpur
|Food Processing Industries
|9 Nov 2014
|30 May 2019
|-
|7
|Ram Shankar Katheria
|Agra (SC)
|Human Resource Development
|9 Nov 2014
|5 July 2016
|-
|8
|Mahendra Nath Pandey
|Chandauli
|Human Resource Development
|5 July 2016
|3 Sep 2017
|-
|rowspan="2"|9
|rowspan="2"|Krishna Raj
|rowspan="2"|Shahjahanpur (SC)
|Women and Child Development
|5 July 2016
|3 Sep 2017
|-
|Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare
|3 Sep 2017
|30 May 2019
|-
|10
|Shiv Pratap Shukla
|Rajya Sabha (Uttar Pradesh)
|Finance
|rowspan="3"|3 Sep 2017
|rowspan="3"|30 May 2019
|-
|rowspan="2"|11
|rowspan="2"|Satya Pal Singh
|rowspan="2"|Baghpat
|Human Resource Development
|-
|Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation
|-
|rowspan="2"|12
|rowspan="2"|Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi
|rowspan="2"|Rajya Sabha (Uttar Pradesh)
|Parliamentary Affairs
|rowspan="2"|9 Nov 2014
|3 Sep 2017
|-
|Minority Affairs
|12 July 2016
|-
|13
|Anupriya Singh Patel
|Mirzapur
|Health and Family Welfare
|5 July 2016
|30 May 2019
|{{party name with color|Apna Dal (Sonelal)}}
|-
|}
* Note: Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi represented Uttar Pradesh in the Rajya Sabha until 2016. He was re-elected to the Rajya Sabha from Jharkhand on 8 July 2016.

== Assembly segments wise lead of Parties ==
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
!colspan=2|Party
![[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Assembly segments]]
!Position in Assembly (as of [[2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2017 election]])
|-
| bgcolor=#FF9933|
! [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|328
|312
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}"|
! [[Bahujan Samaj Party]]
|9
|19
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Samajwadi Party}}"|
! [[Samajwadi Party]]
|42
|47
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Apna Dal (Soneylal)}}"|
! [[Apna Dal (Soneylal)]]
|9
|9
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}"|
! [[Indian National Congress]]
|15
|7
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Others}}"|
! Others
|0
|9
|-
!colspan=2|Total
!colspan=2|403
|}

==Region-wise Results==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
!Region
!Total seats
! colspan="2" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
! colspan="2" |[[Samajwadi Party]]
! colspan="2" |[[Indian National Congress]]
! colspan="2" |[[Bahujan Samaj Party]]
!Others
|-
|Bundelkhand
|4
|4
|{{Increase}}4
|0
|{{Decrease}}2
|0
|{{Decrease}}1
|0
|{{Decrease}}1
|0
|-
|Central Uttar Pradesh
|24
|20
|{{Increase}}19
|1
|{{Decrease}}6
|2
|{{Decrease}}10
|0
|{{Decrease}}4
|1
|-
|North-East Uttar Pradesh
|17
|16
|{{Increase}}13
|1
|{{Decrease}}1
|0
|{{Decrease}}6
|0
|{{Decrease}}6
|0
|-
|Rohilkhand
|10
|9
|{{Increase}}7
|1
|{{Decrease}}3
|0
|{{Decrease}}2
|0
|{{Decrease}}1
|0
|-
|South-East Uttar Pradesh
|8
|7
|{{Increase}}6
|0
|{{Decrease}}5
|0
|{{Steady}}
|0
|{{Decrease}}2
|1
|-
|West Uttar Pradesh
|17
|15
|{{Increase}}12
|2
|{{Decrease}}1
|0
|{{Steady}}
|0
|{{Decrease}}6
|0
|-
!'''Total'''
!80
!71
!{{Increase}}61
!5
!{{Decrease}}18
!2
!{{Decrease}}19
!0
!{{Decrease}}20
!2
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Indian general election, 2014}}
{{Uttar Pradesh elections}}
{{16th LS members from Uttar Pradesh |state=expanded}}

[[Category:2014 Indian general election by state or union territory|Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian general elections in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:April 2014 in India]]
[[Category:May 2014 in India]]

Kolkata Suburban Railway

2026-03-26T17:13:01Z

Diazonium: new.

{{Short description|Regional rail system in Kolkata, India}}
{{good article}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox public transit
| name = Kolkata Suburban Railway
| image = Indian_Railways_Suburban_Railway_Logo.svg
| imagesize = 70px
| image2 = BBD BAG STATION.JPG
| imagesize2 = 300px
| caption2 = Local train at [[B.B.D. Bag railway station]] heading towards [[Majerhat railway station|Majerhat]].
| locale = [[Kolkata Metropolitan Region]], [[West Bengal]], {{flag|India}}
| transit_type = [[Commuter rail|Suburban]] and [[Regional rail]]
| began_operation = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1854}}
| train_length = 9 or 12 coaches
| system_length = {{convert|1501|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| lines = *'''24''' ______ Eastern lines: 14 South Eastern lines: 4 Circular line: 1 South lines: 4 Chord link line: 1
| stations = {{Unbulleted list|{{nowrap|[[Eastern line (Kolkata Suburban Railway)|Eastern line]]: 266}}|[[South Eastern line (Kolkata Suburban Railway)|South Eastern line]]: 87|[[Kolkata Circular Railway|Circular line]]: 20|[[Sealdah South lines|South lines]]: 70|[[Chord link line (Kolkata Suburban Railway)|Chord link line]]: 15|'''-Total: 458'''}}
| ridership = 3.5 million (2017–18)
| annual_ridership = 1.2 billion
| headquarters = * '''{{rws|Howrah}}''' (For [[South Eastern Railway zone|SER]] and [[Eastern Railway zone|ER]])
* '''{{rws|Sealdah}}''' (For [[Eastern Railway zone|ER]])
| website = '''{{URL|https://indianrailways.gov.in|Indian Railways}}''' {{URL|http://www.er.indianrailways.gov.in/|Eastern Railway}} {{URL|http://www.ser.indianrailways.gov.in/|South Eastern Railway}}
| el = {{25 kV 50 Hz}} [[Overhead line|overhead catenary]]
| average_speed = {{convert|45|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}
| top_speed = {{convert|100|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}
| track_gauge = {{Track gauge|1676mm|lk=on}} [[Broad-gauge railway|Broad-gauge]]
| operator = *'''[[Eastern Railways]]'''
# [[Eastern line (Kolkata Suburban Railway)|Eastern line]]
# [[Chord link line (Kolkata Suburban Railway)|Chord link line]]
# [[Kolkata Circular Railway|Circular railway line]]
# [[Sealdah South lines]]
*'''[[South Eastern Railway zone|South Eastern Railways]]'''
# [[South Eastern line (Kolkata Suburban Railway)|South Eastern line]]
| alt =
| caption =
| native_name = কলকাতা শহরতলি রেল
| owner = [[Indian Railways]]
| area served = * [[Kolkata Metropolitan Area]]
* [[North 24 Parganas]], [[South 24 Parganas]], [[Howrah district]], [[Hooghly district]], [[Nadia district]], [[Murshidabad]], [[Purba Medinipur]], [[Paschim Medinipur]], [[Purba Bardhaman]]
| start =
| chief_executive = *Suneet Sharma [[General Manager|GM]] ([[Eastern Railway zone|ER]])
*Sanjay Mohanty [[General Manager|GM]] ([[South Eastern Railway zone|SER]])
| character =
| vehicles = 200+
| stock = [[Integral Coach Factory|ICF]], Jessop, [[BHEL]], [[MEDHA]], [[BEML]], [[Alstom]]
| map_state = show
| map = [[File:Kolkata Suburban Railway.png|300px]]
| map_name = Route map
| line_number =
| end =
| host =
| image3 = [[File:Alstom EMU local Kolkata.webp|200px]]
| imagesize3 =
| caption3 = An [[Alstom]] propulsion fitted ER 3-phase EMU
}}

The '''Kolkata Suburban Railway''' (colloquially called '''Kolkata local trains''' or simply '''locals''') is a [[suburban rail|suburban]] and [[regional rail]] system serving the [[Kolkata metropolitan area]] and its surroundings in [[West Bengal]], [[India]]. Its network has 458 stations and a track length of {{Convert|1501|km|mi|abbr=on}} making it the [[Rail transport in India#Network|largest suburban railway network in the country]], and also one of the [[List of suburban and commuter rail systems#List|largest]] in the world. There are five main lines and 19 branch lines. It operates more than 1,500 services, carrying 3.5 million people daily and 1.2 billion people annually. It runs from [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] 03:00 am until 02:00 am approximately and fares range from Rs.5 to Rs.120. The system is [[railway electrification|electrified]] with {{25 kV 50 Hz}} [[overhead line]] and runs on {{Track gauge|Indian gauge}} [[Broad-gauge railway|broad gauge]] track. It has interchange stations with the [[Kolkata Metro]] at various locations.

The Kolkata Suburban Railway is part of the second passenger railway constructed in [[British India]] during the mid 19th century. The first train ran between [[Howrah railway station|Howrah]] and [[Hooghly railway station|Hooghly]] stations. A hundred years after the initial run, [[Electric multiple unit|EMU]] services began.

The system is operated by two [[Indian Railways]] zones; [[Eastern Railway zone|Eastern]] and [[South Eastern Railway zone|South Eastern]]. These zones are further divided into [[Howrah railway division|Howrah]] and [[Sealdah railway division|Sealdah]] railway divisions in Eastern Railways and [[Kharagpur railway division|Kharagpur]] in South Eastern Railway. [[Howrah railway station|Howrah]], [[Sealdah railway station|Sealdah]] and [[Kolkata railway station]] are the three major terminals serving the network in the city. [[Shalimar railway station|Shalimar]] and [[Santragachi Junction railway station|Santragachi Junction]] are also two major termini stations for mail/express trains as well as passenger/fast passenger trains.

==History==
{{see also|East Indian Railway Company|Bengal Nagpur Railway|Eastern Bengal Railway}}
[[File:First_Train_of_East_Indian_Railway-1854.jpg|alt=|thumb|300x300px|The first train of the East Indian Railway, 1854]]

The Kolkata Suburban Railway is an offshoot of the second passenger railway to be built by the British in India.<ref>{{Cite web|title=[IRFCA] Indian Railways FAQ: IR History: Early Days – 1|url=https://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-hist.html|access-date=2020-09-04|website=www.irfca.org}}</ref> The first train ran between [[Howrah Junction railway station|Howrah]] and [[Hooghly railway station|Hooghly]] stations on 15 August 1854 and was operated by the [[East Indian Railway Company|East Indian Railway]] (EIR). Regular services on the {{Convert|38.6|km|mi|abbr=on}} line were introduced on the same day, with stops at [[Bally railway station|Bally]], [[Serampore railway station|Serampore]] and [[Chandannagar railway station|Chandannagore]] stations.<ref>{{Cite web|date=5 May 2012|title=Historical perspective – the first journey|url=https://er.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?fontColor=black&backgroundColor=LIGHTSTEELBLUE&lang=0&id=0,1,291,354|access-date=18 June 2020|website=er.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref> The broad gauge Sheoraphuli–Tarakeswar branch line was opened by the Tarkessur Railway Company on 1 January 1885.

In 1951, all the railway companies, zone and divisions were integrated and recategorized. This led to the formation of the Eastern Railway (ER) and South Eastern Railway (SER) zones. These zones of Indian Railways currently operate the Kolkata Suburban Railway.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=BNR history|url=https://ser.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1427346652869-BNR%20history.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517093031/http://www.ser.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1427346652869-BNR%20history.pdf|archive-date=17 May 2018|access-date=18 June 2020|website=ser.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref>

=== Eastern Railway zone ===
{{Main|Eastern Railway zone}}

The Eastern Railway zone was formed on 14 April, 1952, by the amalgamation of the East Indian Railway Company and the entire [[Bengal Nagpur Railway|Bengal – Nagpur Railway]] (later it formed the SER). It has four divisions; Howrah and Sealdah divisions operate the system. The Sealdah division was part of the [[Eastern Bengal Railway]] before the recategorisation.<ref>{{Cite web|date=9 January 2020|title=Sealdah Division – an overview|url=https://er.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,6,442,452|access-date=19 June 2020|website=er.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=11 May 2020|title=Eastern Railway – A brief profile|url=https://er.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?fontColor=black&backgroundColor=LIGHTSTEELBLUE&lang=0&id=0,1|access-date=19 June 2020|website=er.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref> Howrah division is the oldest in the ER zone.<ref>{{Cite web|date=18 June 2020|title=Welcome to Howrah Division|url=https://er.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,6,441|access-date=19 June 2020|website=er.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref>

On 1 February, 1957, the EMU services were introduced on the Howrah – Seoraphuli section of the Howrah division. Howrah–Sheoraphuli–Tarakeswar line was electrified in 1957–58. In 1963, services were gradually extended to Bandel and then Barddhaman and in 1964 on the Sealdah Division of Eastern Railway were introduced on the Sealdah – Ranaghat route.<ref>[https://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-mu.html Multiple Units (EMU/DMU) and other self-propelled vehicles], ''irfca.org'',28 November 2018</ref><ref name=":1">[http://www.ser.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1383718660467-new%20EMU.pdf History of EMU on Eastern Railway and South Eastern Railway], ''South Eastern Railway'', 27 November 2018</ref> In 1968, the Howrah – Barddhaman main and chord line was totally converted to {{25 kV 50 Hz}} power supply from a 3000 V DC power supply, whereas the Sealdah – Ranaghat line was electrified as 25 kV 50 Hz AC from the beginning.<ref name=":5">[http://www.core.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,294,302,530 History of Electrification], ''core.indianrailways.gov.in'', 29 November 2018</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web|date=12 May 2020|title=Important Landmarks of Indian Railways Electrification|url=https://core.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,294,302,531|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200618125635/https://core.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,294,302,531|archive-date=18 June 2020|access-date=19 June 2020|website=core.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref>

=== South Eastern Railway zone ===
{{Main|South Eastern Railway zone}}

The Bengal Nagpur Railway (BNR) Company was incorporated in 1887 to take over from the [[Nagpur Chhattisgarh Railway]] (NCR) and to convert the line to broad gauge. The work was completed in 1888. The extension of the main line from [[Nagpur]] to [[Asansol]] was completed by 1891. Later, it formed the Eastern Railway zone. On 1 August, 1955, the former Bengal Nagpur Railway portion was separated and a new zone, the South Eastern Railway (SER), came into existence.<ref>Rao, M.A. (1988). ''Indian Railways'', New Delhi: National Book Trust, p. 28</ref> The SER comprises four divisions, and Kharagpur is the only division to operate the suburban railway.<ref name=":2" />

In the SER zone, EMU service made its maiden run on 1 May, 1968 between Howrah – [[Mecheda railway station|Mecheda]] of the [[Kharagpur Junction railway station|Kharagpur]] division, and on 1 February, 1969, EMU services were extended to Kharagpur. Gradually the services were extended to eight other lines by 2003.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2 May 2018|title=SER observes golden jubilee celebrations for successful completion of 50 years of EMU services|url=https://ser.indianrailways.gov.in/view_detail.jsp?lang=0&dcd=2505&id=0,4,423|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190225184657/http://ser.indianrailways.gov.in/view_detail.jsp?lang=0&dcd=2505&id=0,4,423|archive-date=25 February 2019|access-date=18 June 2020|website=ser.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref> The system under this zone was completely electrified by 1968 as 25 kV 50 Hz AC from the beginning.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":6" />

==Network==
{{Main|List of Kolkata Suburban Railway stations}}

[[Kolkata]] is the smallest of India's six [[Classification of Indian cities#Historical classification|A-1 cities]] in terms of area.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Basic Statistics of Kolkata|url=https://www.kmcgov.in/KMCPortal/jsp/KolkataStatistics.jsp|access-date=21 Sep 2020|website=kmcgov.in}}</ref> However, the Kolkata Suburban Railway is the largest suburban railway network in India by track length and number of stations.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kulkarni|first=Sonal|date=2018-12-11|title=Suburban rail systems in India: Can Bengaluru take a leaf from their books?|url=https://citizenmatters.in/suburban-local-trains-india-cities-mumbai-kolkata-bengaluru-8198|access-date=2020-09-21|website=Citizen Matters|language=en-GB}}</ref> The overall track length is {{Convert|1501|km|mi|abbr=on}} and has 458 stations.<ref>{{Cite web|title=10 Suburban Rail Service of India's Major Cities|work=WalkThroughIndia - Namaste: Lets Walk Through India |date=6 December 2016 |url=http://www.walkthroughindia.com/walkthroughs/trains/10-suburban-rail-service-indias-major-cities/|access-date=2020-09-06|language=en-US |author1=Krisha }}</ref> The system is operated by two zonal divisions (under [[Indian Railways]]), [[Eastern Railway zone|Eastern Railways]] (ER) and [[South Eastern Railway zone|South Eastern Railways]] (SER). The fast [[commuter rail]] corridors on Eastern Railway as well as South Eastern Railway are shared with long-distance and freight trains, while inner suburban services operate on exclusive parallel tracks. SER operates the South Eastern Line and ER operates the Eastern Line, Circular Line, Chord link Line as well as the Sealdah South lines.<ref name=":10">[http://indiansss.org/pdf/pdfset-8/issueset-9/Art_017.pdf Survey on Kolkata Suburban Railway] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181222211115/http://indiansss.org/pdf/pdfset-8/issueset-9/Art_017.pdf|date=22 December 2018}}, ''indiansss.org'', 1 January 2013</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=[IRFCA] Indian Railways FAQ: Route Map – Suburban Sections (1)|url=https://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-map-suburban.html|access-date=2020-06-26|website=www.irfca.org}}</ref><ref name=":9">{{Cite web|date=18 July 2019|title=The system map of Sealdah Division of Eastern Railway|url=https://er.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?fontColor=black&backgroundColor=LIGHTSTEELBLUE&lang=0&id=0,1,702,705|access-date=26 June 2020|website=er.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref><ref name=":13">{{Cite web|date=18 July 2019|title=The system map of Howrah Division of Eastern Railway|url=https://er.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?fontColor=black&backgroundColor=LIGHTSTEELBLUE&lang=0&id=0,1,702,706|access-date=26 Jun 2020|website=er.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref><ref name=":11">{{Cite web|date=20 Aug 2019|title=System Map|url=https://ser.indianrailways.gov.in/cris//uploads/files/1566281138424-1566279726954-SYSTEM%20MAP.jpg|access-date=26 June 2020|website=ser.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Kolkata Local Train Map|url=https://erail.in/|access-date=2020-07-05|website=erail.in|language=en}}</ref>

''[[Junction station]]s are marked in bold''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Zone
!Major terminal
!Line
!First run
!Stations (with interchange)
!Length
!Corridors
! colspan="2" |Terminals
|-
| rowspan="4" |[[South Eastern Railway zone|South Eastern Railway]]
| rowspan="11" |[[Howrah railway station|Howrah]]
| rowspan="4" |[[South Eastern line (Kolkata Suburban Railway)|South Eastern line]]
| rowspan="4" |19 April 1900
| rowspan="4" |87 (5)
| rowspan="4" |341 km
|[[Howrah–Kharagpur line|Main line]]
|[[Howrah railway station|Howrah]]
|[[Midnapore railway station|Midnapore]]
|-
|[[Santragachi–Amta branch line|West branch line]]
|[[Shalimar railway station|Shalimar]]
|[[Amta railway station|Amta]]
|-
|Southeast branch line
|[[Panskura Junction railway station|'''Panskura''']]
|[[Haldia railway station|Haldia]]
|-
|South branch line
|[[Tamluk Junction railway station|'''Tamluk''']]
|[[Digha railway station|Digha]]
|-
| rowspan="23" |[[Eastern Railway zone|Eastern Railway]]
| rowspan="16" |[[Eastern line (Kolkata Suburban Railway)|Eastern line]]
| rowspan="16" |15 August 1854
| rowspan="16" |266 (23)
| rowspan="16" |906 km
|[[Howrah–Bardhaman main line|Main line]]
|[[Howrah railway station|Howrah]]
|[[Barddhaman Junction railway station|'''Barddhaman''']]
|-
|[[Howrah–Bardhaman chord|Chord line]]
|[[Howrah railway station|Howrah]]
|[[Barddhaman Junction railway station|'''Barddhaman''']]
|-
|[[Sheoraphuli–Tarakeswar branch line|West Elevated branch line]]
|[[Seoraphuli Junction railway station|'''Seoraphuli''']]
|[[Tarakeswar railway station|Tarakeswar]]
|-
|Far West Elevated branch line
|[[Tarakeswar railway station|Tarakeswar]]
|[[Bishnupur railway station|'''Bishnupur''']]
|-
|North branch line
|[[Bandel Junction railway station|'''Bandel''']]
|[[Katwa Junction railway station|'''Katwa''']]
|-
|[[Bardhaman–Katwa line|North East branch line]]
|[[Barddhaman Junction railway station|'''Barddhaman''']]
|[[Katwa Junction railway station|'''Katwa''']]
|-
|Belur Math branch line
|[[Howrah railway station|Howrah]]
|[[Belur Math railway station|Belur Math]]
|-
| rowspan="15" |[[Sealdah railway station|Sealdah]]
|[[Sealdah–Ranaghat line|Main line]]
|[[Sealdah railway station|Sealdah]]
|[[Gede railway station|Gede]]
|-
|[[Lalgola and Gede branch lines|Northern branch line 1]]
|[[Ranaghat Junction railway station|'''Ranaghat''']]
|'''[[Krishnanagar City Junction railway station|Krishnanagar]]'''
|-
|[[Lalgola and Gede branch lines|Northern branch line 2]]
|[[Kalinarayanpur Junction railway station|'''Kalinarayanpur''']]
|[[Shantipur Junction railway station|'''Shantipur''']]
|-
|Mid East branch line
|[[Ranaghat Junction railway station|'''Ranaghat''']]
|[[Bangaon railway station|'''Bangaon''']]
|-
|[[Sealdah–Bangaon line|Mid North East branch line]]
|[[Dum Dum Junction railway station|'''Dum Dum''']]
|[[Bangaon railway station|'''Bangaon''']]
|-
|[[Sealdah–Hasnabad–Bangaon–Ranaghat line|East branch line]]
|[[Barasat Junction railway station|'''Barasat''']]
|[[Hasnabad railway station|Hasnabad]]
|-
|Hooghly branch line
|[[Naihati Junction railway station|'''Naihati''']]
|[[Bandel Junction railway station|'''Bandel''']]
|-
|Kalyani branch line
|[[Kalyani railway station|Kalyani]]
|[[Kalyani Simanta railway station|Kalyani Simanta]]
|-
|Far North branch line
|[[Krishnanagar City Junction railway station|'''Krishnanagar''']]
|[[Lalgola railway station|Lalgola]]
|-
| rowspan="4" |[[Sealdah South lines]]
| rowspan="4" |2 January 1862
| rowspan="4" |70 (9)
| rowspan="4" |190 km
|Main line
|[[Sealdah railway station|Sealdah]]
|[[Namkhana railway station|Namkhana]]
|-
|Budge Budge branch line
|[[Ballygunge Junction railway station|'''Ballygunge''']]
|[[Budge Budge railway station|Budge Budge]]
|-
|Canning branch line
|[[Sonarpur Junction railway station|'''Sonarpur''']]
|[[Canning railway station (India)|Canning]]
|-
|Diamond Harbour branch line
|[[Baruipur Junction railway station|'''Baruipur''']]
|[[Diamond Harbour railway station|Diamond Harbour]]
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Chord link line (Kolkata Suburban Railway)|Chord link line]]
| rowspan="2" |1865
| rowspan="2" |15 (8)
| rowspan="2" |22 km
|Main line
|[[Sealdah railway station|Sealdah]]
|[[Dankuni Junction railway station|'''Dankuni''']]
|-
|Branch line
|[[Dankuni Junction railway station|'''Dankuni''']]
|[[Andul railway station|Andul]]
|-
|[[Kolkata railway station|Kolkata]]
|[[Kolkata Circular Railway]]
|16 August 1984
|20 (8)
|42 km
|Circular Line
|[[Dum Dum Junction railway station|'''Dum Dum''']]
|[[Majerhat railway station|'''Majerhat''']]
|-
! colspan="4" |Total
!458 (53)
!{{Convert|1501|km|mi|abbr=on}}
! colspan="3" |
|}

== Lines ==

===South Eastern line===
{{main|South Eastern line (Kolkata Suburban Railway)}}

[[File:Tpkr EMU carshed.jpg|thumb|left|EMU carshed at Tikiapara]]
[[File:Kharagpur Railway Station 1.JPG|thumb|[[Kharagpur Junction railway station]]]]The South Eastern line in Kolkata consists of three major corridors, which divide into two branches as they run into the suburban satellite towns. Two corridors—one local and the other through—follow the South Eastern Railway and run from Howrah Junction to Midnapore, a distance of {{convert|128|km|mi|abbr=on}}. The mainline bifurcates (splits) into two branch lines—the Panskura–Haldia line at [[Panskura Junction railway station|Panskura Junction]] {{convert|69|km|mi|abbr=on}} to the south-east—and the [[Santragachhi|Santragachi]]–Amta line at [[Santragachi Junction railway station|Santragachi Junction]] {{convert|45|km|mi|abbr=on}} to the north. These corridors constitute the 'main' South Eastern line. In this section, the Howrah – Santragachi section has quadruple line, where first track is mainly for up train shunting up-to Santragachhi along with some suburban trains, second track is for both up suburban and express trains, third track is mainly for down train shunting from Santragachhi along with some suburban and express trains, and the fourth and final track is for both down suburban and express trains. From Santragachhi to Kharagpur has triple line, where one track for up trains, another track for both up and down trains, and final track for down trains. All tracks are used by both suburban and express trains.The South Eastern line also includes two branch lines, {{convert|5|km|mi|abbr=on}} and {{convert|94|km|mi|abbr=on}}, connecting Santragachi with Shalimar and [[Tamluk Junction railway station|Tamluk]] to [[Digha railway station|Digha]], respectively.<ref name=":11" /> The Midnapore and Haldia branches are double line, whereas Amta and Digha branches are single line.

[[File:Bva railway station.jpg|thumb|Bauria is the gateway of south Howrah]]
The South Eastern line has one interchange station with the Eastern Line at Howrah Junction. Rolling stock consists of a fleet of AC EMUs. The major car sheds on this line are at [[Kharagpur]], [[Tikiapara]], and [[Panskura]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=May 2012|title=Carriage and Wagon – Howrah Division|url=https://er.indianrailways.gov.in/cris//uploads/files/1336385288075-C&W%20HWH%20OVER%20VIEW%20MAY%2712.pdf|access-date=4 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Execution of work for extension of EMU car shed ~ at Panskura & development of infrastructure for maintenance of 3 phase emu rakes at Tikiapara emu car shed and up-gradation of sick line at Haldia|url=https://www.tendertiger.co.in/viewtenderdetail.aspx?SrNo=36003111&tendertype=9d09819bf4266dce2eviL&Year=2018&tenders+Trolley+Shed|access-date=5 July 2020|website=www.tendertiger.co.in}}</ref>

On 6 September 2009, then [[Railway Minister of India|Railway Minister]], [[Mamata Banerjee]] announced the introduction of Ladies Special local trains, namely ''Matribhumi'' (i.e. motherland), in the Kolkata suburban section. The first local Matribhumi Special local ran from Howrah to Kharagpur.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|title=Mamata language gift at iftar|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/mamata-language-gift-at-iftar/cid/597437|access-date=22 June 2020|website=www.telegraphindia.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Aboard Matribhoomi Local, 'Manned' Entirely by Women|url=https://thewire.in/women/aboard-matribhoomi-local-manned-entirely-by-women|access-date=17 June 2020|website=The Wire}}</ref>

===Eastern line===
{{main|Eastern line (Kolkata Suburban Railway)}}

[[File:Local train.png|thumb|left|A [[Howrah]] bound BEML made 3000 series EMU train with old cream and green livery]]
[[File:Howrah Railway Station 03 (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Howrah railway station]] (Terminal 2)]]
[[File:Hwh EMU carshed.jpg|thumb|left|EMU carshed at Howrah (Bamangachhi)]]
[[File:Bbae station building.jpg|thumb|Baidyabati is the gateway of north Howrah]]

The Eastern line in Kolkata, the largest network of the Kolkata Suburban Railway, consists of two divisions—Howrah and Sealdah divisions (named after their respective terminals)—which serve both sides of the [[Hooghly River]].

In the Howrah division of the Eastern line, there are five corridors, which also bifurcates and runs into the northwestern suburbs. The first two corridors are the {{convert|107|km|mi|abbr=on}} [[Howrah–Bardhaman main line]] and the {{convert|94|km|mi|abbr=on}} [[Howrah–Bardhaman chord|chord line]]. In this section, the Howrah – Bally section has quintuple line, where first and second tracks are for up and down trains for chord line, third track for up trains, fourth track for both up and down trains, and final track for down trains. From Bally to Shaktigarh has triple line, where one track for up trains, another track for both up and down train, and the third and final track for down trains. On Chord line, from Bally to Dankuni has triple line, where one track for up trains, another track for both up and down trains, and final track for down trains. From Dankuni to Shaktigarh has quadruple line up-to Chandanpur, and the rest of the portion is triple line where the fourth track is under construction. All tracks are used by both suburban and express trains. On these two corridors, the small Belur Math branch splits at Liluah, however unlike down trains, up trains of this branch does not touch Liluah station. On these two corridors, the Howrah–Tarakeswar branch line bifurcates at {{rws|Seoraphuli Junction}} and terminates at Tarakeswar with a length of {{convert|39|km|mi|abbr=on}} crossing over the chord line at {{rws|Kamarkundu}}. Kamarkundu now this line has been extended to Bishnupur from Tarakeswar, under Tarakeswar - Bishnupur rail project. However through running from Tarakeshwar to Bishnupur is still not possible for a long gap between Goghat and Maynapur due to some land acquisition problem. After the gap, the line is running between Maynapur to Bishnupur, but due to not possibility of supplying Eastern Railway EMU rakes, that section is presently served by only one MEMU rake of South Eastern Railway. The Bandel–Katwa line bifurcates at Bandel Jn with a length of {{convert|105|km|mi|abbr=on}}; the Bardhaman–Katwa branch line, which was originally a narrow gauge line and later converted to broad gauge, bifurcates at Bardhaman Jn with a length of {{convert|53|km|mi|abbr=on}}.<ref name=":13" /> The Bandel - Katwa and Tarakeshwar branches are double line, whereas Belur Math, Barddhaman - Katwa and Goghat (with the isolated Bishnupur) branches are single line.

[[File:Sdah peak hours rush.jpg|thumb|left|In peak hours, suburban trains often use British era shaded platformed main building in Sealdah station, which was before used only by express trains.]]
[[File:Sealdah Railway Station - Kolkata 2011-10-03 030250.JPG|thumb|[[Sealdah railway station]] (main)]]
[[File:Ptf station building.jpg|thumb|Palta is the gateway of north Kolkata]]

On the other side of the river, the Sealdah division of the Eastern line has seven corridors, splitting into branch lines to serve the northeastern suburbs. The Sealdah–Gede line, considered to be mainline, terminates in {{rws|Gede}}, a small town on the [[Bangladesh–India border|India–Bangladesh Border]] with a length of {{convert|116|km|mi|abbr=on}}. In this section, the Sealdah – Naihati section has quadruple line, where first and second tracks are exclusively for up and down suburban trains, whereas third and fourth tracks are for both up and down suburban and express trains. From Naihati to Kalyani has triple line, where first and second tracks are exclusively for up and down suburban trains, and final track is for both up and down suburban and express trains. Rest of this section is double line. On this corridor, the first branch line bifurcates from {{rws|Dum Dum Junction}} terminating at Bangaon Junction with a length of {{convert|70|km|mi|abbr=on}}. The second branch line bifurcates at {{rws|Ranaghat Junction}} terminating at {{rws|Bangaon Junction}} with a length of {{convert|33|km|mi|abbr=on}}. The third branch line bifurcates at Ranaghat Junction terminating at {{rws|Krishnanagar City Junction}} passing through {{rws|Kalinarayanpur Junction}} and {{rws|Shantipur Junction||Shantipur}} with a length of {{convert|35|km|mi|abbr=on}} or by bypassing Shantipur, passing only through Kalinarayanpur with a length of {{convert|26|km|mi|abbr=on}}. And also there is an extension of the third branch line which starts from {{rws|Krishnanagar City Junction}} to {{rws|Lalgola}} with a line length of {{convert|127|km|mi|abbr=on}}. The fourth branch line bifurcates at {{rws|Kalyani||Kalyani Junction}} terminating at {{rws|Kalyani Simanta}} with a line length of {{convert|5|km|mi|abbr=on}}. The fifth branch line bifurcates at Dumdum Junction and terminating at Bangaon Junction, another small town on the [[Bangladesh–India border|India–Bangladesh Border]] with a length of 69 km (73 mi). In this branch, another branch line splits from {{rws|Barasat Junction}} terminating at {{rws|Hasnabad}} with a line length of {{convert|53|km|mi|abbr=on}} passing through {{rws|Basirhat}}. The Eastern line also includes a connection from {{rws|Bandel Junction}} to {{rws|Naihati Junction}} with a length of {{convert|8|km|mi|abbr=on}} which is an important link between the Howrah and Sealdah divisions.<ref name=":9" />

The major car sheds (depots) on this line are at Bamangachhi (Howrah) and Bandel on the Howrah division and at Narkeldanga (Sealdah), Barasat and Ranaghat in the Sealdah division.<ref name=":14">{{Cite web|date=2 July 2020|title=TRS Overview|url=https://er.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?fontColor=black&backgroundColor=LIGHTSTEELBLUE&lang=0&id=0,6,442,462,468|access-date=5 Jul 2020|website=er.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref>

The first Matribhumi local of Sealdah division started in October 2018; it was the first all-women passenger train in Indian Railway history. It had female [[Motorman (locomotive)|motormen]], [[Conductor (rail)|guards]], and security personnel.<ref name=":8" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Sen|first=Priyadarshini|date=2018-11-19|title=How women who 'man' Kolkata's Matribhoomi local train defy patriarchy|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/how-women-who-man-kolkata-s-matribhoomi-local-train-defy-patriarchy-118111900076_1.html|access-date=5 July 2020}}</ref> On 24 August 2015, train services were halted between the Barasat and Bangaon line after a protest by a group of passengers obstructed movement of the trains. They demanded that male passengers be allowed to travel on the Matribhumi ladies special trains. This occurred when Eastern Railway withdrew the decision to allow male passengers to travel on Matribhumi local.<ref>{{Cite web|date=24 Aug 2015|title=Train Service in Barasat-Bangaon Section Hit After Protest|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/train-service-in-barasat-bangaon-section-hit-after-protest-1210385|access-date=22 June 2020|website=NDTV.com}}</ref>

===Circular Railway===
[[File:BBD Bag Station.jpg|thumb|left|[[B.B.D. Bag railway station|Binay Badal Dinesh Bag railway station]]]]
[[File:Circular Train Crossing Mayer Ghat - Baghbazar Railway Station - Kolkata 2017-04-29 1929.JPG|thumb|220x220px|An old cream and green coloured EMU train is passing Bagbazar railway station and Mayer Ghat on the banks of [[Hooghly River|Hooghly river]]]]{{main|Kolkata Circular Railway}}

The Circular Railway corridor almost encircles the inner city neighbourhoods of [[Kolkata]]. At a length of {{convert|42|km|mi|abbr=on}} with 20 stations, this line is under the jurisdiction of Eastern Railway's Sealdah Division. The line is completely single-tracked, with an elevated section between Princepghat and Majherhat through Kolkata port area. It also passes through Kolkata Railway Station, the third terminal at Kolkata city. Running by the side of the Hooghly River from Bagbazar to Princepghat, it joins and runs parallel to the Sealdah South tracks after Majerhat and elevates at Park Circus in order to bypass Sealdah (which is a terminal station). After bypassing Sealdah, it rejoins the mainline at Bidhannagar Road and again terminating at Dum Dum Jn. The line is also known as ''Chakra'' Rail.<ref name=":9" />

The [[Kolkata Circular Railway|circular line]] is a point of interest for tourists. As it runs under [[Rabindra Setu]], [[Vidyasagar Setu]] and runs parallel to the Hooghly River, connecting multiple tourist places and [[ghats]] it provides access to a scenic view for daily commuters and visitors.<ref>{{Cite web|date=30 December 2016|title=Running Across The 'City Of Joy', Chakra Rail Is A Joyride For Daily Commuters & Visitors|url=http://www.indiatimes.com/culture/travel/running-across-the-city-of-joy-chakra-rail-is-a-joyride-for-daily-commuters-visitors-268221.html|access-date=17 April 2020|website=indiatimes.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Tanya|title=Have You Been On Kolkata's Circular Railway Yet? {{!}} LBB|url=https://lbb.in/kolkata/chakra-rail/|access-date=2020-06-27|website=LBB, Kolkata|language=en}}</ref> Many trains form suburban towns enter this section, encircle the city and exit to suburban towns again, bypassing the saturated Sealdah Railway Station.

===Sealdah South lines===
{{main|Sealdah South lines}}

[[File:Ballygunge_station_01.jpg|thumb|left|Ballygunge junction, where the Sealdah South lines diverge]]
[[File:Brp railway station.jpg|thumb|Baruipur is the gateway of south Kolkata]]
The [[Sealdah South lines|Sealdah South line]] is an important link to [[Sundarbans]] in West Bengal from Kolkata. It is also part of the Eastern Railway. This south section is exclusively for suburban train, and no express trains run in this section. Except the Lakshmikantapur – Namkhana section, rest of the lines are completely double line. This line has four corridors, and bifurcates as branch lines linking the southern suburbs to Kolkata. The main line starts at Sealdah terminating at [[Namkhana railway station]] with a length of {{convert|110|km|mi|abbr=on}}. The main line is double-tracked until [[Lakshmikantapur railway station]] and single-tracked from Lakshmikantapur to Namkhana. The first branch line of this corridor starts at [[Ballygunge]] Junction terminating at [[Budge Budge railway station]] with a length of {{convert|19|km|mi|abbr=on}}. A second branch line starts at [[Sonarpur]] Junction terminating at Canning with a length of {{convert|29|km|mi|abbr=on}}. The third branch line starts at [[Baruipur Junction railway station]] terminating at [[Diamond Harbour railway station]] with the length of {{convert|35|km|mi|abbr=on}}. This line has a sole depot at [[Sonarpur Junction railway station|Sonarpur]].<ref name=":9" /><ref name=":14" />

[[File:Kolkata metro orange line over south line.jpg|thumb|left|Kolkata metro orange line is crossing Sonarpur line near New Garia.|151x151px]]This line has three interchange stations, at [[Majerhat railway station|Majerhat]] and [[Park Circus railway station|Park Circus]] with Circular Railway and at Sealdah for Eastern line. [[Kolkata Metro|Kolkata metro]] [[Blue Line (Kolkata Metro)|Blue Line]] and [[Orange Line (Kolkata Metro)|Orange Line]] meet with this line at New Garia station and smooth interchange facility available.

===Chord link line===
{{main|Chord link line (Kolkata Suburban Railway)}}

[[File:Bally_Bridge,_Kolkata_-_panoramio.jpg|alt=|thumb|220x220px|[[Vivekananda Setu]] over [[River Hooghly]], Chord link line (Dankuni line)]]
The Chord link line connects Sealdah to Dankuni Junction on the Howrah–Barddhaman Chord. This line splits from the main line at Dumdum Junction. This is fully double line and used by both suburban and express trains. This line plays an important role in connecting the Sealdah Division's mainline with the Howrah–Bardhaman chord, which is primarily used by freight and passenger trains heading towards North India(The Howrah–Bardhaman chord is part of the [[Howrah–Delhi main line|Howrah–Delhi mainline]] and the [[Grand Chord]]). The Chord link crosses the Hooghly River on the [[Vivekananda Setu]] road-rail bridge.<ref name=":9" />

This corridor has a famous tourist spot, the [[Dakshineswar Kali Temple]], where [[Ramakrishna Paramhansa]] served as a priest. It also includes the road-cum-rail bridge, Vivekananda Setu, also known as the Bally Bridge.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Roadmap|url=http://www.dakshineswarkalitemple.org/roadmap.html|access-date=2020-07-05|website=www.dakshineswarkalitemple.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Bally Bridge|url=https://www.expedia.co.in/Bally-Bridge-Dakshineswar.d6106968.Attraction|access-date=5 Jul 2020|website=expedia.co.in}}</ref>

[[File:Kolkata metro over train line.jpg|thumb|left|A blue line metro, running parallel with Dankuni line, crossing Palta line near Baranagar|160x160px]]
It has three interchange stations. Interchange is possible at Dum Dum Junction for the Eastern line (Sealdah–Gede mainline), at Dankuni Junction for the Eastern line (Howrah–Barddhaman Chord) and at Bally Halt (lying above Bally station) for the Eastern Line (Howrah–Barddhaman mainline).Kolkata metro [[Blue Line (Kolkata Metro)|Blue Line]] runs parallel to this line between Dumdum and Dakshineshwar, and has interchange facilities at [[Dum Dum metro station|Dum Dum]], [[Baranagar metro station|Baranagar]] and [[Dakshineswar metro station|Dakshineswhar]] stations.<ref name=":9" /><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mamata lays foundation for Dum Dum-Dakshineswar Metro – Indian Express|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/mamata-lays-foundation-for-dum-dumdakshineswar-metro/562722/|access-date=2020-07-05|website=archive.indianexpress.com}}</ref>

==Expansion==
A new line is under construction between [[Amta]] and [[Bagnan railway station|Bagnan]] with a length of {{convert|16|km|mi|abbr=on}} under the jurisdiction of the South Eastern Railway sanctioned in 2010–11. Another line is in progress between Masalandpur and Swarupnagar of 12.30 km, contract work has been awarded to RITES for soil testing. Another new line is in progress between the [[Dakshinbari railway station|Dakshinbari]] and [[Tarakeswar]] with joint work by the ER and SER.<ref>{{Cite web|date=20 July 2011|title=Upcoming projects in South Eastern Railway as per CAO (Con)'s MCDO|url=https://ser.indianrailways.gov.in//view_section.jsp?fontColor=black&backgroundColor=LIGHTSTEELBLUE&lang=0&id=0,2,412,753,764|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130080912/https://ser.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?fontColor=black&backgroundColor=LIGHTSTEELBLUE&lang=0&id=0,2,412,753,764|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 November 2020|access-date=19 June 2020|website=ser.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref>

On the southern part of the Eastern Railways side, there is an expansion of the line between Canning and [[Jharkhali]] with a length of {{convert|42|km|mi|abbr=on}}. The second expansion is at [[Kakdwip railway station]] and Budhakhali with a length of {{convert|5|km|mi|abbr=on}}. It extends to [[Sagar Island]] on the Hooghly River delta.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gupta|first=Jayanta|date=23 Jun 2011|title=Land reclaim for Sagar port soon|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/Land-reclaim-for-Sagar-port-soon/articleshow/8956824.cms|access-date=10 August 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> The island can only be reached by boat; expansion of this line is a boon for the people of island providing better connectivity. The third expansion is at Namkhana and [[Bakkhali]] with a length of {{convert|31|km|mi|abbr=on}}, and a fourth expansion between [[Kulpi railway station]] and Bahrarat with a length of {{convert|38|km|mi|abbr=on}}.<ref>[http://www.er.indianrailways.gov.in/cris//uploads/files/1425364489081-Brief%20Status%20of%20Projects-Feb-15.pdf New Projects], '' Eastern Railway'', 29 November 2018</ref> However, due to land acquisition and political problems, although the projects are not officially dead, but progress is very very slow.

== Operations ==
=== Services and security ===
Three types of local train services are operated. They are normal locals, trains which stop at every station; galloping locals, these trains have limited stops and skip the smaller stations;<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=[IRFCA] Indian Railways FAQ: Railway Operations – I|url=https://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-ops.html|access-date=2020-06-18|website=www.irfca.org}}</ref> and women-only trains known as ''Matribhoomi'' local.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|last=Gupta|first=Jayanta|date=6 Oct 2018|title=First all-women train chugs out of Sealdah {{!}} Kolkata News – Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/first-all-women-train-chugs-out-of-sealdah/articleshow/66093696.cms|access-date=17 April 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
<ref>{{Cite web|title=SEO Services|url=https://adfinityclarity.com/seo-search-engine-optimization |access-date=5 Jul 2020|website=adfinityclarity.com/}}</ref>
The [[Railway Protection Force]] (RPF) and [[Government Railway Police]] (GRP) are responsible for the security of Kolkata Suburban Railway.<ref>{{Cite web|date=24 June 2014|title=Railway Protection Force|url=https://ser.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?fontColor=black&backgroundColor=LIGHTSTEELBLUE&lang=0&id=0,2,416|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124183855/https://ser.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?fontColor=black&backgroundColor=LIGHTSTEELBLUE&lang=0&id=0,2,416|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 November 2020|access-date=26 Jun 2020|website=ser.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref> The major stations in Kolkata also have [[closed-circuit camera]]s.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=5 May 2020|title=Role of Signal and Telecommunication Department|url=https://er.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?fontColor=black&backgroundColor=LIGHTSTEELBLUE&lang=0&id=0,6,442,462,476|access-date=26 Jun 2020|website=er.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref>

=== Travel classes ===
[[File:VendorOnTrain.JPG|thumb|Vendor on train]]
There are three travel classes:
#'''Class II:''' These are regular compartments, where anyone can travel. The last rows on both ends of the compartment are reserved for physically challenged and senior citizens.<ref name=":12" />
#'''Class L:''' These compartments are exclusively reserved for women. Men are not allowed in them. The second compartment from both ends is for ladies.<ref name=":4" /> Sealdah Division, however increased their ladies reserved coach to 3, including half of third coach on both ends. (locally called ''Katabogi'')<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-03-26 |title=Extra ladies' coaches in Eastern Rly's Sealdah division local train services |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/extra-ladies-coaches-in-eastern-rlys-sealdah-division-local-train-services/articleshow/119549684.cms |access-date=2025-08-23 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
#'''Vendor:''' These are for vendors to transport heavy goods and luggage. The compartments have seats along the walls and are made to haul goods. Half of the third compartment from both ends is for vendors.<ref>{{Cite web|date=31 Jan 2020|title=Utilisation of suburban railways|url=http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/traffic_comm/Freight_Marketing_2020/FMC%20No_%2002%20of%202020.pdf|access-date=5 Jul 2020|website=indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref>
#'''Divyangjan:''' These compartments are the first compartments on both sides, where some seats are reserved for senior citizens, physically disabled people and the patients.
#'''AC FC:''' These are the AC compartments of AC EMU local.
#Unlike [[Mumbai Suburban Railway|Mumbai Suburban railway]] and [[Chennai Suburban Railway|Chennai suburban railway]], Kolkata suburban railway has not Class I coaches, although these were in past but later removed.

=== Ridership ===
[[File:Illicit third party advertisement posters inside a Kolkata local train.jpg|thumb|Like every other public transport in Kolkata, illicit third party advertisement posters are common on its rolling stock.|217x217px]]
During 2010–11, there was an average of 1,275 trains per day. The average passenger capacity per [[Rake (train)|rake]] was 6,207. In 2014–15, the average number of trains was 1,511 with an average passenger capacity per rake of 4,141. In the last five years, there was an increase of three percent in the average number of trains per day and reduction of eight percent in the average number of passengers per rake. The number of passengers carried in 2013–14 was {{Crore|115}} and in 2014–15 was {{Crore|112}}—a reduction of three percent in total trips. The daily ridership as of 2017–18 is {{Lakh|35|r=}}.<ref name=":10" /><ref>[https://cag.gov.in/sites/default/files/audit_report_files/Union_Railways_Suburban_Train_Services_Report_14_2016.pdf CAG report on Suburban Rail Performance],''cag.gov.in'', 30 November 2018</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2 Feb 2018|title=Budget bypasses Kolkata suburban rail network {{!}} Kolkata News – Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/budget-bypasses-kolkata-suburban-rail-network/articleshow/62749066.cms|access-date=5 July 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>

=== Fares and ticketing ===
In the 2013 [[Railway Budget]], the Railway Board increased the Kolkata suburban ticket fare by eight paise per kilometre, although the railway ministry has hiked it by two paise per kilometre. The number of slabs has also been reduced to four—{{INRConvert|5|}}, {{INRConvert|10|}}, {{INRConvert|15|}} and {{INRConvert|20|}}—from the eight slabs earlier. Also, ticket denominations have been rounded off to multiples of {{INRConvert|5|}}. As per the revised slab, a person travelling up to {{convert|20|km|mi|abbr=on}} will have to pay {{INRConvert|5|}}, between {{convert|21|km|mi|abbr=on}} and {{convert|45|km|mi|abbr=on}} {{INRConvert|10|}}, between {{convert|46|km|mi|abbr=on}} and {{convert|70|km|mi|abbr=on}} {{INRConvert|15|}}, and between {{convert|71|km|mi|abbr=on}} and {{convert|100|km|mi|abbr=on}} {{INRConvert|20|}}. One can buy a monthly, quarterly or season ticket if commuting regularly on a particular route. This allows unlimited rides on that route. Season tickets are the most cost-effective and time-efficient option for regular commuters.<ref name=":12">[http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/traffic_comm/Comm-cir-2k13/Explanatory_Note_and_FareTable.pdf Explanatory Note and Faretable], ''indianrailways.gov.in'', 1 January 2013</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Suburban Fare Chart -Indian Railways|url=https://erail.in/downloads/FareSuburban2012.htm|access-date=5 July 2020|website=erail.in}}</ref>
[[File:Kolkata Train ticket.jpg|thumb|Typical computerised Kolkata suburban train counter bought ticket with dot matrix printing]]
Kolkata Suburban Railway uses a [[proof-of-payment]] fare collection system. Tickets can be bought for a single journey (one way) or a return journey. Travelling without a valid ticket is an offence and if caught can result in a penalty. As per the Indian Railway Report, in 2016–17, the Eastern Railway and the South Eastern Railway generated {{INRConvert|539.8|m}} through penalties imposed on ticketless and irregular travelers, an increase from 2013 to 2014 with {{INRConvert|112|m}}.<ref>[http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/stat_econ/IRSP_2015-16/IR_Statistical_Statements_BI/12.pdf Report of Indian Railway], ''Indian Railways'', 6 April 2017</ref>

Offline tickets can be bought from the unreserved ticket counters present at every station and Cash/Smart Card operated Ticket Vending Machines (CoTVM) and [[Ticket machine|Automatic Ticket Vending Machines]] (ATVM) installed in most of the stations.<ref>{{Cite web|date=6 April 2018|title=Citizen's charter for passenger services|url=https://ser.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?fontColor=black&backgroundColor=LIGHTSTEELBLUE&lang=0&id=0,5,2062|access-date=19 April 2020|website=South Eastern Railway}}</ref> One can issue online tickets using the UTSOnMobile app.<ref>{{Cite web|title=UTS mobile ticketing|url=https://www.utsonmobile.indianrail.gov.in/RDS/login?2|access-date=29 Jun 2020|website=utsonmobile}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-02-11|title=Indian Railways Launches 'utsonmobile' App for Paperless Unreserved Ticket Booking|url=https://www.thebetterindia.com/45842/utsonmobile-app-for-paperless-unreserved-tickets/|access-date=2020-06-28|website=The Better India|language=en-US}}</ref>

Earlier there were also Cash operated Ticket Vending Machines (CoTVM) which also could operate by smart cards, but due to frequent malfunction it has later withdrawn from service.

===Non-suburban routes===
[[File:Train of Bangladesh.jpg|thumb|Until recent political disturbance, Maitri Express served Kolkata and Dhaka|164x164px]]
Some routes do not have any regular EMU services and therefore bypass the Kolkata Suburban Railway Network. To connect people on these routes, passenger trains run to help transport people from small towns and villages to the Kolkata Metropolitan Area and vice versa. There are two routes that bypass the Kolkata Suburban Railway and are not connected to any other network. The first route is from Tamluk to Digha, which is under the jurisdiction of South Eastern Railway with a length of {{convert|94|km|mi|abbr=on}}. The second route is from Krishnanagar City Junction to [[Lalgola railway station|Lalgola]], which is under the jurisdiction of Eastern Railway with a length of {{convert|128|km|mi|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{Cite web|date=29 September 2015|title=M/SER releases new public time table October – 2015 issue|url=https://ser.indianrailways.gov.in/view_detail.jsp?lang=0&id=0,4,423&dcd=985&did=1443526720337F751B9FB511D5AE5F402F22FDCA5E793.web91|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181215171730/http://www.ser.indianrailways.gov.in/view_detail.jsp?lang=0&id=0,4,423&dcd=985&did=1443526720337F751B9FB511D5AE5F402F22FDCA5E793.web91|archive-date=15 December 2018|access-date=22 June 2020|website=ser.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=29 Sep 2015|title=New time table for eastern zone published|url=https://er.indianrailways.gov.in/view_detail.jsp?lang=0&dcd=643&id=0,4,268|access-date=22 June 2020|website=er.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref>

== Infrastructure ==
===Rolling stock===
The Electric Multiple Units (EMUs) for the Kolkata suburban services were built domestically at the [[Integral Coach Factory]] (ICF), Perambur; the first EMU rolled out in September 1962.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":14" />
[[File:Hwh 2nd & 4th gen EMU train.jpg|thumb|Left - 2nd generation EMU train with large single front glass. Right - 4th generation (latest) EMU train with medium twin front glasses with inbuilt electronic destination board.]]
The [[Howrah]] division of Eastern Railways has a rolling stock of 12-coach EMUs made by [[Jessop & Company|Jessop]], ICF and [[Titagarh Wagons]]. [[BEML]] EMU's have been purchased and are in use. A few Unique BEML stainless steel EMUs are also in service.<ref name=":21">{{Cite web|date=October 2019|title=Rail & Metro Product Brochure BEML|url=https://www.bemlindia.in/Writereaddata/Downloads/Rail&Metro_Product_Brochure.pdf|access-date=8 July 2020|website=bemlindia.in}}</ref> A small fleet of 12-coach [[Siemens Technology and Services Private Limited|Siemens]] EMUs are also in service. [[MEMU]] Rakes from the [[Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala]] (RCF) and [[Diesel multiple unit]]s (DEMUs)) from the ICF are in service. Howrah division has 61 12-car rakes.
[[File:Sdah 1st gen EMU.jpg|thumb|left|Classic 1st generation EMU train with twin small front glasses and sun guards]]
[[File:Sdah 2nd and 3rd gen EMU.jpg|thumb|Left - 3rd generation EMU train with large twin front glasses and curved face. Right - 2nd generation EMU train with large single front glass]]
The [[Sealdah Railway Station|Sealdah]] division has rolling stock including nine and 12-coach EMUs, also made by Jessop, ICF and Titagarh Wagons. A small fleet of Siemens 12-coach EMUs is also in service. BEML EMU's have been purchased and are in use and a small number of unique BEML stainless steel EMUs are also in service.<ref name=":21" /> [[Diesel multiple unit|DEMU]] trains made by ICF and MEMU from Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala (RCF) are in service. The number of 12-car EMU rakes in Sealdah division is 125.<ref name=":15">{{Cite web|last=Jayanta|date=19 Jan 2017|title=A touch of Mumbai on Bengal's local trains|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/a-touch-of-mumbai-on-bengals-local-trains/articleshow/56660642.cms|access-date=5 July 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":16">{{Cite web|date=16 April 2018|title=Mumbai-like EMU rake chugs out of Howrah station {{!}} Kolkata News – Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/mumbai-like-emu-rake-chugs-out-of-howrah-station/articleshow/63777443.cms|access-date=5 July 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":17">{{Cite web|title=Jessop & Co Ltd.|url=https://www.jessop.co.in/coaches/emu.php|access-date=5 July 2020|website=www.jessop.co.in}}</ref><ref name=":18">{{Cite web|date=2017-06-09|title=Railways to replace all general class passenger trains with self-propelled carriages to raise speed|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/economy/railways-to-replace-all-general-class-passenger-trains-with-self-propelled-carriages-to-raise-speed/708998/|access-date=5 July 2020|website=The Financial Express|language=en-US}}</ref> There are some Mainline Electric Multiple Unit (MEMU) rakes also.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web|date=1 November 2019|title=Electrical Assets|url=https://er.indianrailways.gov.in/uploads/files/1573706746858-Assests%20as%20on%20011119.pdf|access-date=19 April 2020|website=Eastern Railway}}</ref><ref name=":14" />

The South Eastern Railways uses 12-coach EMUs made by Jessop, Siemens, Titagarh Wagons and ICF. BEML EMUs have been purchased and are in use.<ref name=":17" /> A few unique BEML stainless steel EMUs are also in service. SER was the first Division in West Bengal to use the ICF Medha 3-phase rakes.<ref name=":16" /> DEMU rakes from ICF and MEMU from RCF are in service. In February 2018, SER launched Medha ICF Rakes on the Howrah–Kharagpur route and on 15 April 2018, Eastern Railway also started using them on the Howrah–Bandel Route.<ref name=":15" /><ref name=":19">{{Cite web|title=SER to run GPS based 3-Phase Indigenous EMU Train with CCTV in Ladies' Compartment in Suburban Section – RailNews Media India Ltd|url=http://www.railnews.in/ser-to-run-gps-based-3-phase-indigenous-emu-train-with-cctv-in-ladies-compartment-in-suburban-section/|access-date=2020-07-05|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":18" /> SER has 30 12-car EMU rakes.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":20">{{Cite web|last=MP|first=Team|date=2019-01-01|title=SER starts 12 rake service in all EMU trains|url=http://www.millenniumpost.in/kolkata/ser-starts-12-rake-service-in-all-emu-trains-334430|access-date=2020-06-19|website=www.millenniumpost.in|language=en}}</ref>

[[File:Alstom EMU in crashed Kolkata.webp|thumb|3-phase Alstom EMU in a carshed of Kolkata|155x155px]]

Every division of the Kolkata Suburban Railway are rapidly replacing their old Jessop and ICF EMUs with the latest Medha 3-phase EMU rakes made by ICF with [[Bombardier Transportation]] (now [[Alstom]]). Almost all the EMU Units used by the Kolkata Suburban Railway are equipped with a GPS-based passenger information system. Some EMUs, which were previously in service with the Western Line of the [[Mumbai Suburban Railway]], were later shifted to Kolkata for service.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-01-05|title=Death of a superstar|url=https://www.mid-day.com/articles/death-of-a-superstar/22376190|access-date=5 July 2020|website=mid-day|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=23 March 2018|title=Local train with inbuilt GPS system flagged off from Howrah station|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/cities/local-train-inbuilt-gps-system-flagged-off-howrah-station-1502606565.html|access-date=2020-07-05|website=The Statesman|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":19" />

On 18 June 2025, Eastern Railway's first air-conditioned EMU arrived in Ranaghat carshed to run on the Sealdah-Ranaghat Line. On 10 August 2025, Kolkata Suburban Railway's first AC local between Sealdah and Ranaghat was inaugurated.<ref>{{Cite press release |last= |first= |date=23 April 2025 |title=SEALDAH DIVISION TO RUN AC EMU SOON |url=https://er.indianrailways.gov.in/view_detail.jsp?lang=0&id=0,4,268&dcd=10884&did=1745390027177852EFCF146036202576307439DADF18A |access-date=23 June 2025 |publisher=[[Eastern Railway zone|Eastern Railway]]}}</ref>

{|
!
{| class="wikitable"
|+Number of rakes in ER<ref name=":14" /><ref name=":22" />
! rowspan="2" |Division
! colspan="2" |[[Electric multiple unit|EMU]]
! rowspan="2" |[[MEMU]]
|-
!9-car
!12-car
|-
|Howrah
|{{Dash}}
|61
|{{Dash}}
|-
|Sealdah
|{{Dash}}
|125
|2
|-
| colspan="4" |''({{As of|2024|}})''
|}
!
{| class="wikitable"
|+Number of rakes in SER<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":20" />
! rowspan="2" |Division
! colspan="2" |[[Electric multiple unit|EMU]]
! rowspan="2" |[[MEMU]]
|-
!9-car
!12-car
|-
|Kharagpur
|{{Dash}}
|30
|{{Dash}}
|-
| colspan="4" |''({{As of|2019}})''
|}
|}

=== Electrification and gauge ===
[[File:Titagarh_railway_station_in_Sealdah_main_line_02.jpg|thumb|[[Electrification]] and overhead catenary in [[Titagarh railway station]]]]
The Howrah to Bardhaman section of Eastern Railway, got equipped with 3000 V DC electrification by 1958. Following the research and trials by [[SNCF]] in [[Europe]], Indian Railways decided to adopt [[25 kV AC railway electrification|25 kV AC]] system as a standard in 1957, as it was found more economical, and by 1968 the mainlines of both zones were electrified with 25 kV AC traction.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gupta|first=Jayanta|date=18 Dec 2018|title=South Eastern Railway celebrates 60 years of 25 kV AC traction in India {{!}} Kolkata News – Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/south-eastern-railway-celebrates-60-years-of-25-kv-ac-traction-in-india/articleshow/67139436.cms|access-date=6 Sep 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> Branch lines and other lines were gradually electrified later.<ref name=":5" /> On 5 January 2015, the Kalinarayanpur to Krishnagar City Junction route via Shantipur was totally converted into electrified broad gauge from narrow gauge with three phases, Phase-I was from Krishnanagar City Junction to Shantipur Junction which was commissioned on 7 February 2012; Phase II was from Shantipur Junction to Phulia which was commissioned on 30 January 2014; and the last, Phase III, for Phulia to Kalinarayanpur was commissioned and later EMU services begun.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Project Summary|url=http://www.cspm.gov.in/ocmstemp/PROJ_SUMMARY?prcd=N22000227&stat=O|access-date=2020-06-28|website=www.cspm.gov.in}}</ref> On 12 January 2018, the Barddhaman to Katwa line was totally converted to electrified broad gauge from narrow gauge with two phases—Phase-I Barddhaman to Balgona and Phase-II Balgona To Katwa began to be converted beginning on 30 May 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Railway Budget 2013: Full text|url=https://zeenews.india.com/business/budget-2013/railway-budget-2013-full-text_70954.html|access-date=25 June 2020|website=zeenews.india.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=24 August 2018|title=Mamata rolls out rly sops for Nadia|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata-/Mamata-rolls-out-rly-sops-for-Nadia/articleshow/5421863.cms?referral=PM|access-date=28 June 2020|website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=Feb 2016|title=Outcome Performance Budget 2016–17|url=http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/finance_budget/Budget_2016-17/Outcome_Performance_Budget_%202016-17_Eng.pdf|access-date=3 Sep 2020|website=indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref> Currently, the network has a 25 kV overhead [[catenary]] electrification system, with {{Track gauge|Indian gauge}} Indian broad gauge tracks.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Acharya|first=Ram Chandra|title=Indian Railways – Where commuter is the king!|url=https://www.ejrcf.or.jp/jrtr/jrtr25/pdf/f34_ach.pdf|access-date=6 Sep 2020|website=ejrcf.or.jp}}</ref>

=== Signalling and telecommunication ===
[[File:Ranaghat_Junction_Railway_Station.jpeg|thumb|Signalling at [[Ranaghat Junction railway station]]]]
An [[Electronic interlocking|Electronic Interlocking]] signalling system is most widely used, replacing the old lever frames/panel interlockings system. To increase sectional capacity and efficiency, automatic signalling is being used. This is controlled by AC/DC track circuits, axle counters etc. The axle counter system is used to detect the presence of a train in an [[Absolute block signalling|absolute block section]], point zone area of a station and level crossings.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=30 Oct 2019|title=Vision Statement of S&T|url=https://ser.indianrailways.gov.in//view_section.jsp?id=0,2,418,1799|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414024755/http://www.ser.indianrailways.gov.in//view_section.jsp?id=0,2,418,1799|archive-date=14 April 2015|access-date=26 Jun 2020|website=ser.indianrailways.gov.in}}</ref>

An [[Optical fiber|optical fibre]] communication system is the backbone of the telecommunications network. The telecommunications facility is an [[Bus network|omnibus circuit]] between stations and the central control hub at Sealdah and Howrah. For ground based mobile communication, [[Mobile radio|Mobile Train Radio Communication]] (MTRC) is used.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=April 2020|title=Telecom Assets (as on April'2020)|url=https://er.indianrailways.gov.in/cris//uploads/files/1588747787713-telecom%20assets.pdf|access-date=26 Jun 2020|website=er.indianrailways}}</ref>

==Incidents==
In the early 1980s, down Kalyani Simanta local overshot the down starter signal at Kalyani rail station and rammed into up Krishnagar City local which was coming into pf. 1 from the opposite direction. Eye-witnesses say the 'head' of the down local hit the 'belly' of the up local. Several coaches derailed, and passengers sustained injuries as both trains were going slow (10kmph). Services on the mainline were suspended for a few days and the derailed rakes kept laying in Kalyani outers for several months.

Two local trains (Sealdah–{{rws|Shantipur Junction||Shantipur}} EMU local and Shantipur–Sealdah EMU local) collided on the same track at {{rws|Phulia}} railway station on 7 January 2012. One person was killed and several were injured. Three coaches of both trains derailed.<ref>{{Cite web|title=One dead, six injured in train collision|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/one-dead-six-injured-in-train-collision-572446|access-date=22 June 2020|website=NDTV.com}}</ref>

On 12 December 2013, an accident was averted as two trains arrived on the same line at Sealdah Station. The driver of the Sealdah–Lalgola passenger train which left from platform seven had overshot the starter signal and entered the down main line but stopped upon noticing the Bangaon–Sealdah local, which was coming from the opposite direction. This was reported to the control room and the passenger train was hauled back to platform seven of Sealdah Station.<ref>{{Cite web|date=12 Dec 2013|title=Accident averted as trains come on same line in Sealdah|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/east/story/accident-averted-as-trains-come-on-same-line-in-sealdah-220572-2013-12-12|access-date=22 June 2020|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref>

Fourteen passengers were injured when an explosion took place inside a compartment of the Sealdah–Krishnanagar local train early on the morning of 12 May 2015. The blast took place just after a person boarded the train at Titagarh station, which is {{convert|21|km|mi|abbr=on}} from Sealdah. Train services along the Sealdah Section were normal. However, two trains were cancelled as train movement was affected following the incident.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Ghosh|first1=Dwaipayan|last2=Chakraborty|first2=Sanjib|date=13 May 2015|title=Kolkata: Blast in local train, 18 injured|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/Kolkata-Blast-in-local-train-18-injured/articleshow/47242076.cms|access-date=22 June 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>

On 17 November 2015, a 40-year-old man, who had boarded the Howrah–Bandel Matribhumi special local for women only, fell off the train and died between Uttarpara and Hind Motor stations. This incident occurred when the man boarded the train. Some female commuters surrounded and abused him. He was eventually forced to get off the train. When the man realized a station was approaching, he ran to grab the handle but missed it and fell from the train to his death.<ref>{{Cite news|date=18 Nov 2015|title=Kolkata: Man pushed to death from woman special train|work=The Times Of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/Kolkata-Man-pushed-to-death-from-woman-special-train/articleshow/49823456.cms|access-date=22 Jun 2020}}</ref>

On 19 July 2017, a train from Sonarpur Jn to Sealdah (South) Station broke the buffer and hit the wall of platform number 13 in Sealdah (South) Station. This incident happened in the morning around 10:25 am ([[Indian Standard Time|IST]]).<ref>{{Cite web|date=19 July 2017|title=Two rail officials suspended after local train mishap at Sealdah station|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/two-rail-officials-suspended-after-local-train-mishap-at-sealdah-station-4757783/|access-date=2020-06-22|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>

On 4 September 2018, [[2018 Kolkata bridge collapse|Majerhat Bridge]] which was 40 years old, collapsed on the rail line between {{rws|Majerhat}} and {{rws|New Alipore}} at around 4:45 pm ([[Indian Standard Time|IST]]), which results in the death of 3 people while injuring at least 25 others. After the collapse, [[Eastern Railways]] suspended train services via [[Majerhat railway station]] on the [[Kolkata Circular Railway]] and [[Sealdah South lines|Sealdah-Budge Budge lines]] temporarily.<ref name="2018-09-04-TOI">{{cite news |first1=PTI|last1=PTI|title=Bridge in busy Kolkata locality collapses, one killed – Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/portion-of-bridge-collapses-in-kolkatas-majerjhat-several-feared-trapped/articleshow/65671674.cms |access-date=4 September 2018 |work=The Times of India |agency=PTI |date=4 September 2018}}</ref>

On 28 September 2018, one woman was killed while another woman sustained serious injuries after a slab of a foot over-bridge (FOB) at Baruipur railway station in South 24 Parganas fell on them from a height of {{cvt|30|ft}}. This incident happened at night. According to locals and daily passengers, the foot over-bridge was in bad condition due to lack of maintenance.<ref>{{Cite web|date=29 September 2018|title=Slab falls off railway station FOB, kills Puja shopper|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/slab-falls-off-railway-station-fob-kills-puja-shopper/articleshow/66001676.cms|access-date=22 June 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>

There was a stampede on a foot over-bridge at {{rws|Santragachi Junction||Santragachi}} railway station in West Bengal on 23 October 2018. Two people died and twelve others were injured, including two children and two women. This incident occurred because of the arrival of two trains at the same time. People rushed to board the trains and that created a stampede-like situation on the bridge.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Oct 24|date=24 October 2018|title=Kolkata bridge stampede: 2 dead, 14 injured in stampede at Santragachi railway bridge in Kolkata|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/14-injured-in-stampede-at-railway-station-in-bengal/articleshow/66335615.cms|access-date=2020-06-22|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>

On 2 October 2019, A local train coming from Masagram was derailed, when it was entering on Platform no.6 of Howrah railway station. No casualties were reported. This incident happened around 8:10 pm ([[Indian Standard Time|IST]]).<ref>[https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2019/oct/03/coach-of-local-train-derails-at-howrah-station-2042464.html Coach of Local Train Derails at Howrah Station], ''The New Indian Express'', Retrieved 03 October 2020</ref>

On 15 March 2020, a massive fire broke out in the Salimpur slum area which lies near the {{rws|Dhakuria}} railway station track at around 8:30 am. No casualties were reported. After this incident, [[Sealdah South lines]] were suspended temporarily.<ref>[https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/kolkata-massive-fire-breaks-out-selimpore-area-slum-598200 Kolkata Massive Fire Breaks Out], ''India TV'', Retrieved 03 October 2020</ref>

==See also==
*[[Eastern Bengal Railway]]
*[[Bengal Nagpur Railway]]
*[[Trams in Kolkata]]
*[[Transport in Kolkata]]
*[[Mumbai Suburban Railway]]
*[[Delhi Suburban Railway]]
*[[Chennai Suburban Railway]]
*[[Bengaluru Commuter Rail]]
*[[Hyderabad Multi-Modal Transport System]]
*[[List of suburban and commuter rail systems]]
{{Portal bar|Trains|Transport|Engineering|India}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Kolkata Suburban Railway}}

* [https://ser.indianrailways.gov.in/ South Eastern Railway]
* [https://er.indianrailways.gov.in/ Eastern Railway]
* [https://indiarailinfo.com/trains?tt=20& Kolkata Suburban Railway timetable]

{{Navboxes
|title=Articles and topics related to Kolkata Suburban Railway
|state=collapsed
|list1=
{{Indian Railways}}
{{West Bengal transit}}
{{Kolkata topics}}
{{Suburban railways in India}}
{{Railway lines in Eastern India}}
}}

[[Category:Kolkata Suburban Railway| ]]
[[Category:1854 establishments in British India]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Howrah]]
[[Category:Transport in Kolkata]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Kolkata]]
[[Category:Eastern Railway zone]]
[[Category:Indian companies established in 1854]]
[[Category:Railway companies established in 1854]]
[[Category:South Eastern Railway zone]]

Prakasha Barrage Dam

2026-03-25T15:36:24Z

Diazonium: creating the data more to come

{{Infobox dam
| name = Prakasha Barrage Dam
| image =
| image_caption =
| name_official = Prakasha Barrage Dam
| dam_crosses = Tapi River
| location = Nandurbar
| dam_type = [[Dam#Earth-fill dams|Earthfill]]
| dam_length = {{convert|1070|m|abbr=on}}
| dam_height = {{convert|39.5|m|abbr=on}}
| dam_width_base =
| dam_elevation_crest =
| dam_volume = {{convert|179|km3|abbr=on}}
| spillway_type =
| spillway_capacity =
| construction_began = April 1999
| opening = 2009-10
| demolished =
| cost = 178.91 crore
| owner = [[Government of Maharashtra]], [[India]]
| res_name =
| res_capacity_total = {{convert|248210|km3|abbr=on}}
| res_catchment =
| res_surface = {{convert|3850|km2|abbr=on}}
| res_max_depth =
| plant_operator =
| plant_turbines =
| plant_capacity =
| plant_annual_gen =
| plant_type =
| plant_commission =
| plant_decommission =
| location_map =
| location_map_caption =
| location_map_size =
| coordinates =
| website =
| extra =
}}

'''Prakasha Barrage Dam''', is an [[dam#Earth-fill dams|earthfill]] dam on Tapi river in Nandurbar district of [[Maharashtra]] in [[India]].

==Specifications==
The height of the dam above lowest foundation is {{convert|39.5|m|abbr=on}} while the length is {{convert|1070|m|abbr=on}}. The volume content is {{convert|179|km3|abbr=on}} and gross storage capacity is {{convert|325000.00|km3|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cwc.nic.in/main/downloads/National%20Register%20of%20Large%20Dams%202009.pdf |title=Specifications of large dams in India |access-date=2010-10-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219204531/http://www.cwc.nic.in/main/downloads/National%20Register%20of%20Large%20Dams%202009.pdf |archive-date=2018-02-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Purpose==
* Irrigation

==See also==
* [[Dams in Maharashtra]]
* [[List of reservoirs and dams in India]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Dams in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Year of establishment missing]]

Ravi Shankar Prasad

2026-03-20T18:19:12Z

Diazonium: added references

{{Short description|Indian politician and lawyer (born 1954)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2014}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Ravi Shankar Prasad
| image = Ravi Shankar Prasad At Office.jpg
| image_size = 220px
| caption = Formal portrait, 2019
| office = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]]
| constituency = [[Patna Sahib Lok Sabha constituency|Patna Sahib, Bihar]]
| term_start = 23 May 2019
| predecessor = [[Shatrughan Sinha]]
{{collapsed infobox section begin |last=yes |Ministerial portfolios{{br}}{{no bold|(during [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA government]])}}
| titlestyle = border:1px dashed lightgrey;}}{{Infobox officeholder
| embed = yes
| office1 = [[Minister of Communications (India)|Union Minister of Communications]]{{br}}{{no bold|[[Minister_of_Communications_(India)#Minister_of_Communications_and_Information_Technology_(2001–2016)|Minister of Communications and Information Technology]] (2014{{nbnd}}2016)}}
| term1 = 31 May 2019 {{nbnd}} 7 July 2021
| primeminister1 = [[Narendra Modi]]
| predecessor1 = [[Manoj Sinha]]{{efn|as MoS (I/C)}}
| successor1 = [[Ashwini Vaishnaw]]
| term2 = 27 May 2014 {{nbnd}} 5 July 2016
| primeminister2 = Narendra Modi
| predecessor2 = [[Kapil Sibal]]
| successor2 = Manoj Sinha
| office3 = [[Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology|Union Minister of Electronics and Information Technology]]
| term3 = 5 July 2016 {{nbnd}} 7 July 2021
| primeminister3 = Narendra Modi
| predecessor3 = ''Office established''{{efn|Previously part of the department in the [[Ministry of Communications and Information Technology|Communications ministry]] until July 2016 split into two ministries.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sharma |first=Aman |date=2016-07-19 |title=DeITY becomes a new ministry, leg-up for Ravi Shankar Prasad |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/policy/deity-becomes-a-new-ministry-leg-up-for-ravi-shankar-prasad/articleshow/53285683.cms |access-date=2025-04-18 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref>}}
| successor3 = Ashwini Vaishnaw
| office4 = [[Minister of Law and Justice|Union Minister of Law and Justice]]
| term4 = 5 July 2016 {{nbnd}} 7 July 2021
| primeminister4 = Narendra Modi
| predecessor4 = [[D. V. Sadananda Gowda]]
| successor4 = [[Kiren Rijiju]]
| term5 = 27 July 2014 {{nbnd}} 26 November 2014
| primeminister5 = Narendra Modi
| predecessor5 = Kapil Sibal
| successor5 = D. V. Sadananda Gowda
| office6 = [[Minister of State (India)|Union Minister of State (''Independent Charge'')]] for [[Minister of Information and Broadcasting|Information and Broadcasting]]
| term6 = 29 January 2003 {{nbnd}} 22 May 2004
| primeminister6 = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| predecessor6 = [[Sushma Swaraj]] (as minister)
| successor6 = [[S. Jaipal Reddy]] (as minister)
{{Collapsed infobox section end}}}}
| office7 = [[Minister of State (India)|Union Minister of State]]
| suboffice7 = [[Ministry of Law and Justice (India)|Law and Justice]]
| subterm7 = 2002{{nbnd}}2003
| suboffice8 = [[Ministry of Coal (India)|Coal]]{{br}}[[Ministry of Mines (India)|Mines]]
| subterm8 = 2001{{nbnd}}2002
| office9 = [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha]]
| constituency9 = [[List of Rajya Sabha members from Bihar|Bihar]]
| term9 = 3 April 2000 {{nbnd}} 30 May 2019
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1954|8|30|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Patna]], [[Bihar]], India
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| alma_mater = [[Patna University]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|B.A]], [[Master of Arts|M.A]], [[LL.B]])
| profession = [[Lawyer]]
| children = 2
| residence = {{ubl|21, Mother Teresa Crescent, [[New Delhi]]}}
| spouse = {{marriage|Maya Shankar|1982}}
| source = https://sansad.in/ls/members/biographyM/5219?from=members
| date = 26 June 2024
| footnotes = {{notelist}}
}}

'''Ravi Shankar Prasad''' (born 30 August 1954){{Citation needed|date=January 2025|reason=BLP}} is an [[Politics of India|Indian politician]] and lawyer who served as 1st [[Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology|Minister of Electronics and Information Technology]] from 2016 to 2019 and 2019 to 2021.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Ravi Shankar Prasad|url=https://www.india.gov.in/my-government/indian-parliament/ravi-shankar-prasad|access-date=15 October 2021|website=National Portal of India}}</ref> He is the member of [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] and Member of [[Parliament of India|Parliament]] since 2000, first in the [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha|Rajya Sabha]] (2000–2019) and then in the [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha]] (since 2019), Prasad has served as [[Union Council of Ministers|Union Minister]] multiple times: As Minister of State, he served in the ministries of [[Ministry of Coal|Coal]] (2001–2003), [[Ministry of Law and Justice (India)|Law and Justice]] (2002–2003), and [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)|Information and Broadcasting]] (2003–2004) under [[Premiership of Atal Bihari Vajpayee|Atal Bihari Vajpayee's premiership]]; as Cabinet Minister, he held the Law and Justice (2014, 2016–2021), [[Ministry of Communications (India)|Communications]] (2014–2016, 2019–2021) portfolios under [[Premiership of Narendra Modi|Narendra Modi's premiership]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Members Bioprofile|url=http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=5219|access-date=15 October 2021|website=Lok Sabha}}</ref>

His term as Union Minister was marked with the repeal of 1500 archaic laws, handling of [[Rafale deal controversy|litigation over the purchase of Rafale fighter planes]], and digitization of 15000 [[trial court]]s. On the other hand, his tenure also saw controversy over the proposed [[National Judicial Appointments Commission]], constant friction between [[Judiciary of India|the judiciary]] and [[Executive (government)|the executive]], and rows with social media platforms [[Twitter]] and [[Facebook]] over local rules.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Das Gupta|first=Moushumi|date=7 July 2021|title=Javadekar, Pokhriyal, RS Prasad, Harsh Vardhan — why Modi govt dropped big names from Cabinet|work=[[The Print]]|url=https://theprint.in/india/governance/ramesh-pokhriyal-santosh-gangwar-harsh-vardhan-why-modi-govt-dropped-big-names-from-cabinet/691522/|access-date=15 October 2021}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
He was born in a religious [[Chitraguptavanshi Kayastha]] family in [[Patna]], [[Bihar]].<ref name=Kayastha>{{cite news|last1=Vyas|first1=Hari Shankar|title=Brahmins in Congress on tenterhooks|url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/sunday-edition/foray/backbone/brahmins-in-congress-on-tenterhooks.html|access-date=1 June 2014|work=The Pioneer|date=7 April 2013}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news|date=26 May 2014|title=Team Modi: Ravi Shankar Prasad - Lawyer of 'Ram Lalla'|work=India Today|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/highlights/story/team-modi-ravi-shankar-prasad-lawyer-of-ram-lalla-194545-2014-05-26|access-date=16 October 2021}}</ref> His father [[Thakur Prasad]] was a senior advocate at the [[Patna High Court]] and one of the leading founders of the [[Jan Sangh]], the predecessor of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref name="First Post - appointment" /> His sister Anuradha Prasad is the owner of BAG Films and Media Ltd, and the wife of [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] politician [[Rajeev Shukla]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=15 January 2018|title=BJP Observes 98th Birth Anniversary of Thakur Prasad|work=Patna Daily|url=https://www.patnadaily.com/index.php/news/13220-bjp-observes-98th-birth-anniversary-of-thakur-prasad.html|access-date=15 October 2021|archive-date=16 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211016124734/https://www.patnadaily.com/index.php/news/13220-bjp-observes-98th-birth-anniversary-of-thakur-prasad.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":1" />

Prasad earned [[Bachelor of Arts|BA Hons]], [[Master of Arts|MA]] ([[Political Science]]) and [[Bachelor of Laws|LL.B]] degrees from [[Patna University]].<ref name="First Post - appointment">{{cite web |date=26 May 2014 |title=Ravi Shankar Prasad: The new telecom minister may find his hands full |url=http://www.firstpost.com/politics/ravi-shankar-prasad-the-new-telecom-minister-may-find-his-hands-full-1543163.html |access-date=1 June 2014 |website=Firstpost}}</ref> He became a member of the [[Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad]] in 1969. Prasad participated in the student movement in Bihar led by [[Jayaprakash Narayan]], and was imprisoned during [[The Emergency (India)|the Emergency]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite news|title=Ravi Shankar Prasad|work=[[Business Standard]]|url=https://www.business-standard.com/topic/ravi-shankar-prasad|access-date=10 November 2021}}</ref>

== Law career ==
Prasad has been practising at the Patna High Court (HC) since 1980. He was designated Senior Advocate at the Patna HC in 1999 and Senior Advocate at the [[Supreme Court of India]] in 2000.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="TNIE">{{cite news|date=26 May 2014|title=Prasad Returns to Union Cabinet with a Bag of Experience|work=The New Indian Express|agency=PTI|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/Prasad-Returns-to-Union-Cabinet-with-a-Bag-of-Experience/2014/05/26/article2246796.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140602200823/http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/Prasad-Returns-to-Union-Cabinet-with-a-Bag-of-Experience/2014/05/26/article2246796.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 June 2014|access-date=1 June 2014}}</ref> He was General Secretary of the [[People's Union for Civil Liberties]] in Bihar.<ref name=":0" />

Prasad appeared in the [[Ram Janmabhoomi]] [[Ayodhya dispute]] representing the [[Hindu Mahasabha]] in the case.<ref name="v041">{{cite web | last=Tripathi | first=Purnima S. | title=Muslims should take the hint' | website=Frontline | date=2010-10-21 | url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/cover-story/article30182137.ece}}</ref> He defended [[L. K. Advani|Lal Krishna Advani]] in court when the latter was arrested in Bihar during [[Ram Rath Yatra|his Rath Yatra in 1990]]. He was also the main lawyer arguing the [[Public interest litigation in India|PIL]] against former [[List of chief ministers of Bihar|Bihar Chief Minister]] [[Lalu Prasad Yadav|Lalu Prasad]] in the [[Fodder Scam|fodder scam]] that led to the jailing of several politicians and officials, including Lalu Yadav.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" />

== Political career ==
Prasad began his political career as a student leader under the leadership of Jayaprakash Narayan in the 1970s, organising protests against [[Indira Gandhi]]'s government.<ref name="First Post - appointment" />

=== Entry into the Bharatiya Janata Party ===
A loyalist of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) from the beginning of his political career, Prasad was National Vice President of the [[Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha]], the youth wing of the BJP, from 1991 to 1995. He became a Member of the BJP's National Executive Committee in 1995.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" />

=== 2000-2004: Entry into Rajya Sabha and first ministerial roles ===
In April 2000, Prasad was elected to the [[Rajya Sabha]], the [[upper house]] of the [[Parliament of India|Indian Parliament]] for the first time. Under [[Premiership of Atal Bihari Vajpayee|Atal Bihari Vajpayee's premiership]], Prasad served as [[Union Council of Ministers|Minister of State]] in the ministries of [[Ministry of Coal|Coal]] (2001–2003), where he was responsible for accelerating the coal and mining reforms; [[Ministry of Law and Justice (India)|Law and Justice]] (2002–2003); and [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)|Information and Broadcasting]] (2003–2004). As Minister of Information and Broadcasting, he introduced reforms in the radio, television and animation sectors which improved their quality and functioning.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="First Post - appointment" />

=== Opposition years ===
Prasad was appointed as a national spokesperson of the BJP in March 2006, and was later elevated to the post of its Chief National Spokesperson in 2007. In 2010, he became the party's general secretary.<ref name=":2" /><ref name="First Post - appointment" />

Prasad was re-elected to the Rajya Sabha for a second term in April 2006 and for a third in April 2012. As an [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha|MP]], he was part of various [[List of Indian parliamentary committees|parliamentary committees]], including a [[joint parliamentary committee]] to examine matters relating to [[2G spectrum case]] from 2011 to 2013.<ref name=":2" />

=== Under Narendra Modi's premiership ===
[[File:Shri Ravi Shankar Prasad taking charge as the Union Minister for Law and Justice, in New Delhi on May 27, 2014.jpg|thumb|Ravi Shankar Prasad taking charge as the Union Minister for Law and Justice, in New Delhi on May 27, 2014.]]
[[File:Shri Ravi Shankar Prasad taking charge as the Union Minister of Law & Justice, in New Delhi on June 03, 2019.jpg|thumb|Ravi Shankar Prasad taking charge as the Union Minister for Law and Justice, in New Delhi on June 03, 2019.]]With the BJP-led [[National Democratic Alliance]]'s victory in the [[2014 Indian general election|2014 general election]],<ref>{{Cite news|last=FP staff|date=17 May 2014|title=Election results 2014: Historic win for NDA with 336 seats, 282 for BJP|work=[[Firstpost]]|url=https://www.firstpost.com/politics/election-results-2014-historic-win-for-nda-with-336-seats-285-for-bjp-1526377.html|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> Prasad rose to become part of the [[First Modi ministry|Narendra Modi Cabinet]]. He was appointed as [[Minister of Law and Justice]] and [[Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India)|Minister for Communications and Information Technology]] on 27 May 2014. He would go on to serve three terms as Law Minister: 27 May to 9 November 2014; 5 July 2016 to 25 May 2019; and 30 May 2019 to 7 July 2021; a tenure of more than 5 years that was second only to that of [[Ashoke Kumar Sen|Ashoke Sen]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite news |last=Mahapatra |first=Dhananjay |date=10 July 2021 |title=Prasad's 5-year tenure saw Ayodhya & Rafale cases settled, old laws junked |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/prasads-5-year-tenure-saw-ayodhya-rafale-cases-settled-old-laws-junked/articleshow/84285142.cms |access-date=15 October 2021}}</ref> Prasad was Minister of Communications and IT till the ministry's bifurcation on 5 July 2016 into a [[Ministry of Communications (India)|Ministry of Communications]] and a [[Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology]], following which he took charge of the latter. He was on the job till 25 May 2019, and again from 30 May 2019 to 7 July 2021. During the latter period, he also held the Communications portfolio.<ref name=":2" />

==== NJAC and Judiciary-Executive faceoffs ====
One of Prasad's first acts after becoming Law Minister in 2014 was introducing legislation for the [[National Judicial Appointments Commission]], which sought to reform the collegium system by which judges select candidates to be appointed as new judges. The collegium system had been criticised as opaque. The law was unanimously passed in Parliament and ratified by more than 20 states. However, in 2015, the Supreme Court of India struck it down, arguing that the Law Minister's presence in the Appointments Commission would cripple judicial independence.<ref name=":4" />

The following year, the Law Ministry stalled many judges' appointments by objecting to various names recommended by the Supreme Court collegium. Prasad defended [[Executive (government)|the executive]] in this faceoff with [[Judiciary of India|the judiciary]] by rolling out statistics showing an increased number of judges being appointed in the year 2016.<ref name=":4" />

==== Triple ''talaq'' law ====
On 22 August 2017, the Supreme Court ruled the [[Muslims|Muslim]] practice of instant divorce by uttering the word "''talaq''" thrice, called [[Triple talaq in India|''talaq-e-biddat'' or triple ''talaq'']], as "arbitrary and unconstitutional", violating women's [[Fundamental rights in India|right to equality]], and not integral to [[Islam]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Bagriya, Ashok|first=and Sinha, Bhadra|date=23 August 2017|title=SC strikes down instant triple talaq, says practice is unconstitutional|work=[[The Hindustan Times]]|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/supreme-court-strikes-down-triple-talaq-deems-it-against-tenets-of-islam/story-MG91Nll4c5KDOUkaFVsHEL.html|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> Following this landmark verdict, the NDA government tabled [[Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019|The Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Bill]] in the [[Lok Sabha]] in December 2017, seeking to introduce a 3-year jail term for offenders. The opposition criticised the bill for attempting to criminalise a civil wrong, with Law Minister Prasad countering the charges. While the original bill lapsed due to lack of support in the Rajya Sabha, it was passed by both Houses of Parliament on reintroduction in 2019, becoming an Act after receiving [[President of India|Presidential assent]] on 1 August 2019. The passage of the bill despite the ruling NDA not having a majority in the Rajya Sabha was seen as a victory for Prasad and the government.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=30 July 2019 |title=Triple Talaq Bill sails through in Rajya Sabha |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/rajya-sabha-passes-triple-talaq-bill/article28760822.ece |access-date=2022-03-29 |website=The Hindu Business Line}}</ref><ref>[https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/triple-talaq-bill-passed-in-rajya-sabha-1575309-2019-07-30 "History made, triple talaq bill passed by Parliament"], indiatoday, Retrieved on 31 July 2019.</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=[[Press Trust of India]]|date=1 August 2019|title=President gives assent to triple talaq bill|work=[[India Today]]|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/president-gives-assent-to-triple-talaq-bill-1575893-2019-08-01|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref>

====Digital India====

[[File:The Union Minister for Electronics & Information Technology and Law & Justice, Shri Ravi Shankar Prasad addressing at the inauguration of the National Conference on Emerging Opportunities through CSC, in New Delhi (1).jpg|thumb|Ravi Shankar Prasad addressing at the inauguration of the National Conference on Emerging Opportunities through CSC]]

As Minister for Electronics and Information Technology, Prasad spearheaded the NDA government's flagship [[Digital India]] programme.<ref name=":5" /> Prasad himself has highlighted the common service centre scheme under Digital India, providing digital delivery of services and creating employment, as the biggest achievement of the government in the digital technology sector. He has also pointed out the establishment of [[Outsourcing|business processing and outsourcing units]] (BPOs) in far-flung areas and the growth of [[Electronics and semiconductor manufacturing industry in India|electronic manufacturing units in India]] as successful government efforts.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Mukul|first=Pranav|date=28 May 2018|title=Ravi Shankar Prasad: 'Digital India has become a mass movement in 4 years'|work=[[The Indian Express]]|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/business/business-others/ravi-shankar-prasad-digital-india-has-become-a-mass-movement-in-4-years-5193638/|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> The [[United Kingdom|UK]]-based [[Non-governmental organization|NGO]] Apolitical adjudged him as one of the top twenty leaders in the list of 100 most influential people in Digital Government in 2018.<ref name=":5" />

In 2018, Prasad was placed among the top twenty influential world leaders in digital technology and e-government, with his role in the [[Digital India]] programme and support for [[Net neutrality in India|net neutrality]].<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/ravi-shankar-prasad-among-top-twenty-most-influential-people-in-digital-government/articleshow/65340151.cms|title=Ravi Shankar Prasad among top twenty most influential people in Digital Government|date=2018-08-09|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2019-01-14}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite news|last=Doval|first=Pankaj|date=24 November 2017|title=Facebook, other social media giants won't get net exclusivity:Government|work=[[The Times of India]]|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/fb-others-wont-get-net-exclusivity/articleshow/61774736.cms|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref>

====Start-up India Initiatives====
Prasad took the lead in advancing India's startup ecosystem and pioneered the organization of groundbreaking townhall meetings. These meetings provided a platform for assessing the distinctive requirements of the startup community, and Prasad played a pivotal role in shaping government policies and initiatives designed to bolster the support for startups in the nation.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-10-22 |title=Ecosystem in place for a software hub: Ravi Shankar Prasad |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/software/ecosystem-in-place-for-a-software-hub-ravi-shankar-prasad/articleshow/71698584.cms |access-date=2023-11-08 |issn=0013-0389}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=www.ETTelecom.com |title=Ravi Shankar Prasad launches CHUNAUTI to accelerate startup ecosystem development in India - ET Telecom |url=https://telecom.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/ravi-shankar-prasad-launches-chunauti-to-accelerate-startup-ecosystem-development-in-india/77806172 |access-date=2023-11-08 |website=ETTelecom.com |language=en}}</ref>

==== Comments on Indian economy ====
In October 2019, Prasad tried to defend the condition of the [[Economy of India|Indian economy]] by commenting that "[[Gandhi Jayanti|the holiday of October 2]] saw earning[s] of over [[Indian rupee|Rs]] 120 [[crore]] by three movies – ''[[War (2019 film)|War]]'', ''[[Joker (2019 film)|Joker]]'' and ''[[Sye Raa Narasimha Reddy|Sye Raa]]''", indicating that "[t]he economy is sound". He also claimed that an [[National Sample Survey Office (India)|NSSO]] report on unemployment was false. The comment came on the back of industrial output figures released by the government showing how factory output had shrunk by 1.1% in August, recording the poorest performance in seven years. The [[World Bank]] had also pointed out the country's widening [[Current account (balance of payments)|current account deficit]] and predicted a further slowdown in [[economic growth]]. After coming under sharp criticism from the opposition Congress and [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPIM]], Prasad withdrew the comment, stating it had been taken out of context.<ref>{{Cite news|last=HT Correspondent|date=10 July 2020|title=Ravi Shankar Prasad defends economy with 3 movies made Rs 120 cr remark. Then withdraws it|work=[[The Hindustan Times]]|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/ravi-shankar-prasad-defends-economy-with-3-movies-made-rs-120-cr-remark-then-withdraws-it/story-Ro5IYIxhAcZGBB4m7vyuNP.html|access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=TNM staff|date=12 October 2019|title=Economy is sound, which is why 3 movies made Rs 120 cr: IT Minister Ravi Shankar Prasad|work=[[The News Minute]]|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/economy-sound-which-why-3-movies-made-rs-120-cr-it-minister-ravi-shankar-prasad-110438|access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>

==== Clashes with 'Big Tech' ====
Prasad has openly supported the cause of [[Net neutrality in India|net neutrality]], insisting that internet access "is not negotiable" and “walled gardens cannot be allowed”. As Minister for Communications and IT, Prasad had denied Facebook permission for its [[Internet.org|Free Basics]] platform in India in 2016, saying it provided access to only a host of websites and services, while excluding the broader internet from its purview.<ref>{{Cite news|last=[[Press Trust of India]]|date=16 December 2017|title=Right to non-discriminatory internet access is non-negotiable: Ravi Shankar Prasad|work=[[The Times of India]]|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/right-to-non-discriminatory-internet-access-is-non-negotiable-ravi-shankar-prasad/articleshow/62098624.cms|access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref><ref name=":6" />

On 25 February, the [[Information Technology Rules, 2021|Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021]] were notified,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Notification dated, the 25th February, 2021 G.S.R. 139(E): the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021|url=https://www.meity.gov.in/content/notification-dated-25th-february-2021-gsr-139e-information-technology-intermediary|access-date=12 November 2021|website=Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code Rules-2021|url=https://www.meity.gov.in/writereaddata/files/Intermediary_Guidelines_and_Digital_Media_Ethics_Code_Rules-2021.pdf|access-date=12 November 2021|website=Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology}}</ref> seeking to regulate [[social media]] intermediaries and to tackle misuse of social media. However, Prasad and his Ministry were soon drawn into a bitter spat with [[Big Tech]] companies, especially [[Twitter]], over the implementation of these local laws. The tussle escalated as the government removed Twitter's legal protection in India as an "intermediary" on June 16 over its failure to comply with the new IT rules,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sharma|first=Karuna|date=17 June 2021|title=Twitter loses its legal protection in India: What it could mean for the platform and brands|work=[[Business Insider]]|url=https://www.businessinsider.in/advertising/brands/article/twitter-loses-its-legal-protection-in-india-what-it-could-mean-for-the-platform-and-brands/articleshow/83575565.cms|access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Singh|first=Soibam Rocky|date=5 July 2021|title=Twitter failed to comply with new IT Rules: Centre to Delhi High Court|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/twitter-failed-to-comply-with-new-it-rules-centre-to-delhi-high-court/article35150130.ece|access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref> while Twitter temporarily locked Prasad's official handle on its platform due to a copyright violation.<ref>{{Cite news|last=[[Press Trust of India]]|date=25 June 2021|title=Twitter blocks Ravi Shankar Prasad's account for 1 hour over 'violation' of US copyright laws|work=[[The Print]]|url=https://theprint.in/india/twitter-blocks-ravi-shankar-prasads-account-for-1-hour-over-violation-of-us-copyright-laws/684528/|access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>

In Lok Sabha 2024 Ravi Shankar Prasad has won in Patna Sahib Lok Sabha constituency. He has defeated Dr. Anshul Avijit by about 1.5 lakh votes.<ref>{{Cite news |date=5 June 2024 |title=Ravi Shankar Prasad has won in Patna Sahib Lok Sabha constituency. |url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/state/bihar/patna/ravi-shankar-won-from-urban-votes |access-date=15 July 2024 |work=Prabhat Khabar}}</ref>

==Personal life==
On 3 February 1982, Prasad married Maya Shankar, who is a Historian and Professor of History at Patna University.<ref name="TNIE" /><ref name="sister">{{cite web|title=Interview: Anuradha Prasad, Managing Director, BAG films|url=http://www.bestmediainfo.com/2011/03/interview-anuradha-prasad-managing-director-bag-films/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140706120252/http://www.bestmediainfo.com/2011/03/interview-anuradha-prasad-managing-director-bag-films/|archive-date=6 July 2014|access-date=1 June 2014|website=www.bestmediainfo.com|publisher=Best Media Info}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of politicians from Bihar]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikiquote}}
* [http://www.archive.india.gov.in/govt/rajyasabhampbiodata.php?mpcode=214 Profile on Rajya Sabha's website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023529/http://www.archive.india.gov.in/govt/rajyasabhampbiodata.php?mpcode=214 |date=4 March 2016 }}

{{Navboxes
|title=Offices and distinctions
|list1=
{{s-start}}
{{s-par|in-lwr}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Shatrughan Sinha]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament for [[Patna Sahib (Lok Sabha constituency)|Patna Sahib]] |years=2019 – Present}}
{{s-aft|after=Incumbent}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Sushma Swaraj]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)|Minister of Information and Broadcasting]]|years=29 January 2003 - 13 May 2004 ''As Minister of State (Independent Charge)''}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Jaipal Reddy]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|rows=2|before=[[Kapil Sibal]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ministry of Law and Justice (India)|Minister of Law and Justice]]|years=26 May 2014 – 9 November 2014}}
{{s-aft|after=[[D. V. Sadananda Gowda]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India)|Minister of Communications and Information Technology]]|years=26 May 2014 – 5 July 2016}}
{{s-aft|after=Ministry split into [[Ministry of Communications (India)|Communications]] and [[Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology|Information Technology]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|before=Ministry did not exist}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology|Minister of Electronics and Information Technology]]|years=5 July 2016 - 7 July 2021}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Ashwini Vaishnaw]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|before=Ministry did not exist}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ministry of Communications (India)|Minister of Communication]]|years=5 July 2016 - 7 July 2021}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Ashwini Vaishnaw]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|rows=2|before=[[D. V. Sadananda Gowda]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ministry of Law and Justice (India)|Minister of Law and Justice]]|years=5 July 2016 – 7 July 2021}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Kiren Rijiju]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-end}}
}}
{{Second Narendra Modi Cabinet}}
{{Cabinet of Narendra Modi}}
{{Bharatiya Janata Party}}
{{Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (India)}}
{{Ministry of Communications (India)}}
{{Ministers of Information and Broadcasting}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Prasad, Ravi}}
[[Category:1954 births]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Bihar]]
[[Category:Indian Hindus]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian lawyers]]
[[Category:Law ministers of India]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Ministers for information and broadcasting of India]]
[[Category:Patna University alumni]]
[[Category:Politicians from Patna]]
[[Category:Rajya Sabha members from Bihar]]
[[Category:Narendra Modi ministry]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:India MPs 2019–2024]]
[[Category:National Democratic Alliance candidates in the 2019 Indian general election]]
[[Category:India MPs 2024–2029]]

Lava (Ramayana)

2026-03-19T13:07:55Z

Diazonium: Expanded content with additional details

{{Short description|Son of Ram and Sita}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:Lava (''Ramayana'')}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{Infobox royalty 
| type = Hindu
| title = Prince of [[Ayodhya (Ramayana)|Ayodhya]] Maharaja of Lavapuri ([[Lahore]])
| image = Lava, one of Rāma’s sons..jpg
| caption = Lava, one of twin sons of [[Rama]] and [[Sita]]
| name = Lava
| succession = [[Maharaja]] of [[Kosala]]
| predecessor = [[Rama]]
| successor = Atithi
| father = [[Rama]]
| mother = [[Sita]]
| dynasty = [[Solar Dynasty|Suryavamsha]]
| spouse = [[Sumatia]] (according to Ananda Ramayana)
}}

'''Lava''' ({{langx|sa|लव}}, {{IAST3|Lava}})<ref name="lcuk">{{Cite web |url=http://www.lcuk.org.uk/history.htm | title=Lohana History
|access-date=14 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004215927/http://www.lcuk.org.uk/history.htm |archive-date=4 October 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and his elder twin brother [[Kusha (Ramayana)|Kusha]], are the children of [[Rama]] and [[Sita]] in [[Hindu texts]].<ref name="Mani2009">{{cite book|author=Chandra Mauli Mani|title=Memorable Characters from the Rāmāyaṇa and the Mahābhārata|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0xludqcKE4IC&pg=PA77|year=2009|publisher=Northern Book Centre|isbn=978-81-7211-257-8|pages=77–}}</ref> Their story is recounted in the [[Hindu]] epic, ''[[Ramayana]]'' and [[Versions of Ramayana|its other versions]]. He is said to have a whitish golden complexion like their mother, while Kusha had a blackish complexion like father. Lavapuri ([[Lahore]]) was established and ruled by Lava.

==Birth and childhood==
[[File:Valmiki train Lava Kushas in Art of Archery.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Valmiki trains Lava and Kusha in the Art of Archery]]
[[File:The Poet Valmiki, teaching Ramayana to Kusa and Lava.jpg|thumb|left|250px|The Sage Valmiki, teaching Ramayana to Lava and Kusa]]

The first chapter of Ramayana, ''[[Balakanda]],'' mentioned [[Valmiki]] narrating the Ramayana to his disciples, Lava and Kusha. But their birth and childhood story is mentioned in the last chapter '<nowiki/>''Uttara Kanda''' which is not believed to be the original work of Valmiki.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-26|title=Uttara Kanda of Ramayana was edited during 5th century BCE - Puranas|url=https://www.booksfact.com/puranas/uttara-kanda-ramayana-edited-5th-century-bce.html|access-date=2020-07-07|website=BooksFact - Ancient Knowledge & Wisdom|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Rao|first1=T. S. Sha ma|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TRnDAgAAQBAJ&q=Lava+kusha|title=Lava Kusha|last2=Litent|date=2014-01-01|publisher=Litent|language=en}}</ref> According to the legend, [[Sita]] banished herself from the kingdom due to the gossip of the kingdom folk about her chastity. She chose self-exile and took refuge in the [[ashram]] of [[Valmiki]] located on the banks of the [[Tamsa river]].<ref>{{cite book|title= Historic Rama of Valmiki|author=Vishvanath Limaye|publisher=Gyan Ganga Prakashan|year=1984}}</ref> Lava and Kusha were born at the ashram and were educated and trained in [[military]] skills under the teachings of Sage Valmiki. During this time they had also learned the story of Rama.
[[File:Lava & kusha chant Ramayana before Rama.jpg|thumb|Kusha and Lava recite the Ramayana in the court of Rama]]

Sage Valmiki, along with Lava and Kusha, and a disguised [[Sita]] attend an [[Ashvamedha|ashvamedha yajna]] held by [[Rama]].

In some versions of the epic, Lava and Kusha chanted the Ramayana in the presence of Rama and a vast audience. When Lava and Kusha recited about Sita's exile, Rama became grief-stricken and Valmiki produced Sita, testifying her innocence. Sita declared Lava and Kusha to be her sons and her fidelity to her husband. After Rama had expressed his desire to reconcile with her, Sita called upon the earth, her mother ([[Bhumi (goddess)|Bhumi]]), to receive her and as the ground opened, she vanished into it. Even as he lamented the loss of his wife, Rama acknowledged his sons and sought their company.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Valmiki |url=http://archive.org/details/TheRamayan |title=The Ramayana |date= |pages=615–617}}</ref>

In some versions, Lava and Kusha capture the horse of the sacrifice and went to defeat Rama's brothers ([[Lakshmana]], [[Bharata (Ramayana)|Bharata]] and [[Shatrughna]]) and their armies. When Rama came to fight with them, Sita intervenes and unites father and sons.

==Later life==

Lava and Kusha became rulers after their father Rama founded the cities of [[Lavapuri]] and [[Kasur]], respectively. The king of [[Kosala]], [[Raghava Rama|Rama]], installed his son Lava at [[Shravasti]] and Kusha at [[Kushavati]].<ref>{{cite book
| last = Nadiem
| first = Ihsan N
| title = Punjab: land, history, people
| publisher = Al-Faisal Nashran
| page = 111
| year = 2005
| isbn = 9789695034347
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=pyFuAAAAMAAJ&q=Kasur+Kusha
| access-date = 2009-05-29}}</ref>

In the [[Ananda Ramayana]], Lava had a wife named Sumati,<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-lIvAAAAYAAJ&q=Lava+Sumati |title=Ānanda Rāmāyaṇa: Sāra-kāṇḍa, Yātra-kāṇḍa, Yāga-kāṇḍa, Vilāsa-kāṇḍa, Janma-kāṇḍa, Vivāha-kāṇḍa |date=2006 |publisher=Parimal Publications |isbn=978-81-7110-283-9 |pages=425 |language=en}}</ref> and together the couple ruled the city of Lavapuri and the kingdom of Shravasti.

==In popular culture==
Lava is purported to have founded ''Lavapuri''<ref>{{cite book |last=Bombay Historical Society |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FAS2AAAAIAAJ |title=Annual bibliography of Indian history and Indology, Volume 4 |year=1946 |page=257}}</ref> (the modern day city of [[Lahore]]),<ref>{{cite book |last=Baqir |first=Muhammad |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-pAcAAAAMAAJ&q=Lahore+Lava |title=Lahore, past and present |publisher=B.R. Pub. Corp |year=1985 |pages=19–20 |access-date=2009-05-29}}</ref> which is named after him.<ref>{{cite book |author=Masudul Hasan |title=Guide to Lahore |publisher=Ferozsons |year=1978}}</ref>

There is a [[Hindu temple]] associated with Lava (or Loh) inside Shahi Qila, Lahore.<ref>Ahmed, Shoaib. [http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=story_3-11-2004_pg7_27 "Lahore Fort dungeons to re-open after more than a century."] ''Daily Times''. 3 November 2004.</ref>

lavapuri was a city in Kosala Kingdom as related in the epic Ramayana. The king of Kosala, Rama, installed his son Lava at [[Lavapuri]] [[Shravasti]] and he is worship in the temple named [[Lava temple]].

==References==
{{Portal|Hinduism|India}}
{{reflist}}
{{Ramayana}}

[[Category:Solar dynasty]]
[[Category:Characters in the Ramayana]]

Jungle Book Studio

2026-03-15T18:27:36Z

Diazonium: put up new stub

{{Short description|Indian film production company}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{promotional tone|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Jungle Book Studio
| logo = Jungle Book Studio Logo JPG.jpg
| logo_size = 230px
| type = [[Private company|Private Limited Company]]
| key_people = [[Gaurav Dhingra]] (founder)
| industry = International Film and Television Production
| products = Motion Pictures, Television & OTT Drama Series, Documentary, Production Services
| foundation = 2012
| location_city = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]
| homepage = {{URL|http://www.junglebook.studio/}}
}}
'''Jungle Book Studio''' ( formerly known as Jungle Book Entertainment ) is an International film and television production company, founded by [[Gaurav Dhingra]] and [[Pan Nalin]], who met during the making of Valley of Flowers, in 2005.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/517440/small-budget-films-dying-india.html|title=Small budget films are dying in India|date=14 December 2015|website=Deccan Herald}}</ref> In November 2012, Gaurav & Nalin decided to collaborate with an objective to produce Globally resonating Indian stories. Jungle Book has since teamed up with eminent international production companies for several of its productions, namely ''[[Angry Indian Goddesses]]'', touted as India's first female buddy film, ''Faith Connections'', a documentary that won the Audience Choice Award at IFFLA, and ''Beyond the Known World'', the first official India-New Zealand co-production.<ref name="auto"/>

Post 2018, Pan Nalin left the company, and it is now solely run by Gaurav. The company also changed its name from Jungle Book Entertainment to Jungle Book Studio and shifted to a mini-studio model.

==Productions==
In 2013, Jungle Book Studio produced ''Faith Connections'', a documentary set in the largest human gathering in the world, the Kumbh Mela. French sales company Cite Films came on board as Co producer. During filming, the hordes of attendees at the event made filming logistics challenging, with filming continuing non-stop for seventy two hours, at times.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.india.com/arts-and-culture/faith-connections-film-documents-one-of-worlds-largest-mass-pilgrimages-in-india-147759/|title='Faith Connections': Film Documents One of World's Largest Mass Pilgrimages in India|first=Anisha|last=Jhaveri|date=13 September 2014|website=India.com}}</ref> ''Faith Connections'' went on to premiere in the Official Selection Category at the Toronto International Film Festival and was picked up by indie distributors NFP for distribution in Germany and Sophie Dulac Distribution for distribution in France,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/toronto-nfp-buys-faith-connections-624704|title=Toronto: NFP Buys 'Faith Connections' for Germany|website=The Hollywood Reporter|date=9 September 2013}}</ref> before getting theatrical releases in more than 28 countries across the world.<ref name="auto1"/>

In 2015, Jungle Book produced ''[[Angry Indian Goddesses]]''. The cast was finalised after auditions from over 800 candidates. As Nalin wanted the character briefs to be inspired from the experiences of women in real-life, the cast was encouraged to heavily influence the storyline by ad-libbing dialogues and improvising scenes.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pandolin.com/the-soul-of-angry-indian-goddesses-rests-in-its-characters/ |title=The soul of Angry Indian Goddesses rests in its characters – Pandolin |website=pandolin.com |access-date=14 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123185659/http://pandolin.com/the-soul-of-angry-indian-goddesses-rests-in-its-characters/ |archive-date=23 November 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> It had its world premiere at TIFF and was declared the runner-up of the Grolsch People's Choice Award.{{citation needed|date=August 2019}} It was picked up for a theatrical release spanning over 67 countries and dozens of film festivals globally before being acquired for online distribution by Netflix worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/life-style/star-track/angry-goddesses-are-back/212753.html|title=Angry Goddesses are back!}}</ref> During post production, German producer Sol Bondy of One Two Films came on board as a co producer. Subsequently, in late 2015, Protein Entertainment financed the marketing of the India release of the film.

In 2017, next on the cards for Jungle Book was the feature film ''Beyond the Known World'', which was co-produced with New Zealand Production Company Reservoir Films. Gaurav mounted the first ever Indo-New Zealand co-production with kiwi producer Matthew Horrocks, which was shot across Delhi, Himachal Pradesh and Ladakh. ''Beyond the Known World'' featured a star cast comprising David Wenham ([[The Lord of the Rings (film series)|''Lord of the Rings'']], [[300 (film)|''300'']], ''[[Lion (2016 film)|Lion]]''), Emmanuelle Béart (''[[Mission: Impossible (film series)|Mission Impossible]]'', ''[[Manon des Sources (1986 film)|Manon des Sources]]'') and Sia Trokenheim. It went on to screen at film festivals across New Zealand and premiered to good reviews from critics.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/film/91395822/beyond-the-known-world-director-pan-nalin-talks-auckland-actors-and-authenticity|title=Beyond the Known World: Director Pan Nalin talks Auckland, actors and authenticity|website=Stuff|date=14 April 2017}}</ref>

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable"
! Year !! Film !! Cast !! Notes
|-
|2025
|''[[Stolen (2023 film)|Stolen]]''
|[[Abhishek Banerjee (actor)|Abhishek Banerjee]], Shubham, Mia Mealzer, [[Harish Khanna (actor)|Harish Khanna]], Shahidur Rahaman
|Official Selection – [[80th Venice International Film Festival]]
|-
| 2017 ||''Beyond the Known World''||[[David Wenham]], [[Emmanuelle Béart]], Sia Trokenheim|| Official Selection – [[Gold Coast Film Festival]]
|-
| 2015 || ''[[Angry Indian Goddesses]]'' || [[Sarah-Jane Dias]], [[Sandhya Mridul]], [[Anushka Manchanda]], [[Rajshri Deshpande]], [[Tannishtha Chatterjee]], [[Amrit Maghera]], Pavleen Gujral || Runner-Up – [[Toronto International Film Festival People's Choice Award]] Winner – Audience Award [[Rome Film Festival]] Official Selection – [[Helsinki Film Festival]]
|-
| 2013 ||''Faith Connections''||Hatha Yogi Baba, Pant Shirt Baba, Baba Bajrangi|| Audience Award – [[Los Angeles Indian Film Festival]] Official Selection – Toronto International Film Festival
|-
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Film production companies based in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Television production companies of India]]
[[Category:Indian companies established in 2012]]
[[Category:Mass media companies established in 2012]]
[[Category:2012 establishments in Maharashtra]]

Vaiyapuri

2026-03-15T08:42:09Z

Diazonium: expanded content

{{short description|Indian actor}}
{{For|other people named Vaiyapuri|Vaiyapuri (surname)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Vaiyapuri
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = Ramakrishnan
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1968|10|23|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Theni]], [[Madras State]] (now [[Tamil Nadu]]), India
| spouse = Anandhi
| children = 2
| occupation = Actor
| years_active = 1994–present
}}

'''Vaiyapuri''' (born 23 October 1968 as '''Ramakrishnan''') is an Indian actor who has worked in [[Tamil cinema|Tamil]]-language films. He rose to fame by appearing in supporting roles in the late 1990s and early 2000s, often portraying supporting comedic characters. His first major role was in [[Balu Mahendra]]'s ''[[Raman Abdullah]]'' (1997), while his roles in films including ''[[Thullatha Manamum Thullum]]'' (1999), ''[[Gemini (2002 Tamil film)|Gemini]]'' (2002) and [[Mani Ratnam]]'s ''[[Raavanan (2010 film)|Raavanan]]'' (2010) also garnered him acclaim.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cinesouth.com/cgi-bin/filmography/namsearch.cgi?name=vaiyapuri|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020922113805/http://www.cinesouth.com/cgi-bin/filmography/namsearch.cgi?name=vaiyapuri|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 September 2002|title=டோடோவின் ரஃப் நோட்டு|access-date=1 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/39945.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080717233253/http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/tamil/article/39945.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 July 2008|title=Vaiyapuri The reel music director|work=indiaglitz.com|access-date=1 December 2015}}</ref>

==Career==
In December 1986, Vaiyapuri moved from his hometown of Theni to Chennai hoping to become an actor in the Tamil film industry. Unable to immediately get a chance in films because of his skinny physical stature, he worked as a bearer at a hotel on Mount Road.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chennaionline.com/reeltalk/dec105.asp |title=Tasting success |website=Chennai Online |access-date=12 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020106004636/http://www.chennaionline.com/reeltalk/dec105.asp |archive-date=6 January 2002 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Vaiyapuri's first break came through television serials on [[Doordarshan]], where he notably worked on an adaptation of [[Sujatha (writer)|Sujatha]]'s ''[[Kolaiyuthir Kalam]]''. He started his film career appearing as an extra and then in minor roles in films, before making a breakthrough with his role in [[Balu Mahendra]]'s comedy film ''[[Raman Abdullah]]'' (1997).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nettv4u.com/celebrity/tamil/comedian/vaiyapuri|title=Tamil comedy actor Vaiyapuri profile and upcoming films}}</ref> The success of the film prompted several film makers to approach him for comedic roles in their projects, with the actor subsequently winning acclaim for his roles in ''Kadhal Palli'' (1997) and ''[[Kaathala Kaathala]]'' (1998), where he collaborated with actor [[Kamal Haasan]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indolink.com/tamil/cinema/People/98/Feb/kuttisp2.htm|title=1997–98 Kodambakkam babies Page: Part 2|website=www.indolink.com|access-date=13 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120724022641/http://www.indolink.com/tamil/cinema/People/98/Feb/kuttisp2.htm|archive-date=24 July 2012|url-status=usurped|df=dmy-all}}</ref> In the late 1990s, he continued appearing as a supporting actor, often portraying one of the several comedians in a film. His work in ''[[Thullatha Manamum Thullum]]'' (1999), where he portrayed a comedic role of a man slowly becoming a transgender woman, won him further critical acclaim.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tamil.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/tamil-cinema-comedy-actor-vaiyapuri-celebrating-his-bithdday-today-131729603365835.html|title=விவேக்கின் காமெடி பார்ட்னர்..தனித்துவ நடிப்பால் ரசிகர்களை சிரிக்க வைத்த காமெடியன் வையாபுரி|first=Muthu Vinayagam|last=Kosalairaman|language=Tamil|work= Hindustan Times}}</ref>

Throughout his career, Vaiyapuri has often appeared in films starring [[Kamal Haasan]] and the actor selected Vaiyapuri for a major supporting role in the actor's ''[[Mumbai Xpress (Tamil film)|Mumbai Xpress]]'' (2005).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.behindwoods.com/News/30-4-05/vaiyapuri_top.htm|title=Behindwoods : Vaiyapuri tops the chart|website=www.behindwoods.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/fr/2005/04/01/stories/2005040101580100.htm|website=[[The Hindu]]|title=Entertainment Chennai : Fun and frenzy on 'Mumbai Xpress'|last=thmrn|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050419235107/https://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/fr/2005/04/01/stories/2005040101580100.htm|archive-date=19 April 2005|access-date=1 November 2025}}</ref> Vaiyapuri was later cast as a transgender woman in [[Mani Ratnam]]'s ''[[Raavanan (2010 film)|Raavanan]]'' (2010), which he described as a "major turning point" in his career. He shot for the film alongside an ensemble cast including [[Vikram (actor)|Vikram]] and [[Aishwarya Rai]], with the film winning critical acclaim upon release.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/vaiyapuri-plays-a-transgender-tamil-news-44707.html|title=Vaiyapuri plays a transgender – Tamil Movie News – IndiaGlitz|date=2 February 2009}}</ref> In 2010, he announced that he was set to play the protagonist in a film directed by newcomer Devindiran, while he had also shot for a Malayalam film titled ''Kalyanamam Kalyanam'' where he portrayed the second lead. However neither film eventually had a theatrical release.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kollytalk.com/cinenews/vaiyapuri-to-turn-hero-shorlty-in-p-vasu%E2%80%99s-assistant-devendirans-upcoming-1329.html|title=Vaiyapuri to turn hero shorlty in P Vasu's assistant Devendiran's upcoming – KOLLY TALK|date=22 April 2010|access-date=4 September 2017|archive-date=4 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904202231/http://www.kollytalk.com/cinenews/vaiyapuri-to-turn-hero-shorlty-in-p-vasu%E2%80%99s-assistant-devendirans-upcoming-1329.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/348910/serious-comedy.html|title=Serious comedy|website=Deccan Herald|date=3 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/Ganja-Karup-and-Vaiyapuri-to-act-in-Malayalam/articleshow/24381480.cms |title=Ganja Karup and Vaiyapuri to act in Malayalam |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |date=2013-10-19 |access-date=2017-10-08}}</ref> In the 2010s, Vaiyapuri was cast in less films as the Tamil film industry generally moved away from including separate comedy tracks in films. He has since worked on more low-budget films in supporting roles, while continuing to regularly collaborate in films starring [[Kamal Haasan]] such as ''[[Uttama Villain]]'' (2015) and ''[[Papanasam (film)|Papanasam]]'' (2015).

In 2017, Vaiyapuri received media attention for taking part in the reality television show ''[[Bigg Boss Tamil 1|Bigg Boss]]'' hosted by [[Kamal Haasan]]. After spending 84 days in the house, he was evicted in a poll by the public.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/bigg-boss-tamil-week-12-vaiyapuri-evicted-kamal-haasan-awards-snehan-golden-ticket-to-finale-4055451.html|title=Bigg Boss Tamil Week 12: Vaiyapuri evicted; Kamal Haasan awards Snehan 'Golden Ticket to Finale'|date=18 September 2017|website=Firstpost}}</ref>

==Filmography==
=== Tamil films ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Notes
|-
| rowspan="2"|1994 || ''[[Karuththamma]]'' || Bus conductor ||
|-
| ''[[Mani Rathnam (film)|Mani Rathnam]]'' || ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|1995 || ''[[Chellakannu]]'' || Barber ||
|-
|''[[Ilaya Ragam]]'' || ||
|-
|1996 || ''[[Avvai Shanmughi]]'' || Flower decorator ||
|-
| rowspan="6"|1997 || ''[[Love Today (1997 film)|Love Today]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Kadhal Palli]]'' || Palli ||
|-
| ''[[Raasi (film)|Raasi]]'' || Narikuravar ||
|-
| ''[[Raman Abdullah]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Aahaa..! (1997 film)|Aahaa..!]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Ullaasam]]'' || Gopalu ||
|-
| rowspan="13"|1998 || ''[[Kaadhale Nimmadhi]]'' || Blind beggar ||
|-
| ''[[Maru Malarchi]]'' || Palli ||
|-
| ''[[Dhinamdhorum]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Kaadhala Kaadhala]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Ponnu Velayira Bhoomi]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Jolly (film)|Jolly]]'' || Govind ||
|-
| ''[[Harichandra (1998 film)|Harichandra]]'' || Muthu ||
|-
| ''[[Sandhippoma]]'' || Hospital patient ||
|-
| ''[[Kalyana Galatta]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Unnidathil Ennai Koduthen]]'' || Delhi ||
|-
| ''[[Sollamale]]'' || Painter ||
|-
| ''[[Kannedhirey Thondrinal]]'' || Dinesh ||
|-
| ''[[Senthooram]]'' || ||
|-
| rowspan="19"|1999 || ''[[Thullatha Manamum Thullum]]'' || Kalyanasundaram ||
|-
| ''[[Ninaivirukkum Varai]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Kallazhagar]]'' || Govindankutti ||
|-
| ''[[Unnai Thedi]]'' || Vaiyapuri ||
|-
| ''[[Chinna Raja]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Periyanna]]'' || Prisoner ||
|-
| ''[[Poomagal Oorvalam]]'' || Muniyandi ||
|-
| ''[[Suyamvaram]]'' || Potential groom ||
|-
| ''[[Nee Varuvai Ena]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Amarkkalam]]'' || Mani ||
|-
| ''[[Anbulla Kadhalukku]]'' || Vengaipuli ||
|-
| ''[[Unakkaga Ellam Unakkaga]]'' || Gun Pandi ||
|-
| ''[[Maanaseega Kadhal]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Ooty (film)|Ooty]]'' || Vaiyapuri ||
|-
| ''[[Sundari Neeyum Sundaran Naanum]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Time (1999 film)|Time]]'' || Servant ||
|-
| ''[[Unnaruge Naan Irundhal]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Aasaiyil Oru Kaditham]]'' || Jambulingam ||
|-
| ''[[Hello (1999 film)|Hello]]'' || Chandru's friend ||
|-
| rowspan="13"|2000 || ''[[Good Luck (2000 film)|Good Luck]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Hey Ram]]'' || Vedha ||
|-
| ''[[Sudhandhiram]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Thai Poranthachu]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Pennin Manathai Thottu]]'' || Mute servant ||
|-
| ''[[Simmasanam]]'' || Thangarasu's friend ||
|-
| ''[[Rhythm (2000 film)|Rhythm]]'' || Umbrella salesman ||
|-
| ''[[Ilaiyavan]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Uyirile Kalanthathu]]'' || Siva's assistant ||
|-
| ''[[Priyamaanavale]]'' || Stepnee ||
|-
| ''[[Anbudan]]'' || Sathya's friend ||
|-
| ''[[Ennavalle]]'' || Charles ||
|-
| ''[[Parthen Rasithen]]'' || Bus driver ||
|-
| rowspan="10"|2001 || ''[[Paarvai Ondre Podhume]]'' || Guru ||
|-
| ''[[Dumm Dumm Dumm]]'' || Saami ||
|-
| ''[[Dhill]]'' || Udumalai ||
|-
| ''[[Sonnal Thaan Kaadhala]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Poovellam Un Vasam]]'' || Durai ||
|-
| ''[[Veettoda Mappillai]]'' || Dhamu ||
|-
| ''[[Kadal Pookkal]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Majunu]]'' || Vasanth's friend ||
|-
| ''[[Vadagupatti Maapillai]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Piriyadha Varam Vendum]]'' || Sanjay's friend ||
|-
| rowspan="10"|2002 || ''[[Pammal K. Sambandam]]'' || Dili ||
|-
| ''[[Alli Arjuna]]'' || Meenatchi ||
|-
| ''[[Gemini (2002 Tamil film)|Gemini]]'' || Oberoi ||
|-
| ''[[Ezhumalai]]'' || Marriage Broker's assistant ||
|-
| ''[[Nettru Varai Nee Yaaro]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Raja (2002 film)|Raja]]'' || Onan ||
|-
| ''[[Naina (2002 film)|Naina]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[En Mana Vaanil]]'' || Azhagusundaram ||
|-
| ''[[Arputham]]'' || Ashok's friend ||
|-
| ''[[Style (2002 film)|Style]]'' || Manikkam ||
|-
| rowspan="10"|2003 || ''[[Military (film)|Military]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Manasellam]]'' || Bala's friend ||
|-
| ''[[Nala Damayanthi (2003 film)|Nala Damayanthi]]'' || Ramji's cousin ||
|-
| ''[[Aahaa Ethanai Azhagu]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Alaudin]]'' || Alaudin's friend ||
|-
| ''Vani Mahal'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Kadhaludan]]'' || Marriage broker ||
|-
| ''[[Parasuram (2003 film)|Parasuram]]'' || Anjali's uncle ||
|-
| ''[[Anbe Un Vasam]]'' || Hussain ||
|-
| ''[[Enakku 20 Unakku 18]]'' || Train passenger ||
|-
| rowspan="11"|2004 || ''[[Jai (2004 Tamil film)|Jai]]'' || College Student ||
|-
| ''[[Adi Thadi]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Arul (film)|Arul]]'' || Arul's friend ||
|-
| ''[[Jana (film)|Jana]]'' || Jana's servant ||
|-
| ''[[Maanasthan]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Vasool Raja MBBS]]''|| Piles Patient ||
|-
| ''[[Arasatchi]]'' || Soosai ||
|-
| ''[[Attahasam]]'' || Kumbudren Saamy ||
|-
| ''[[Vishwa Thulasi]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[M. Kumaran S/O Mahalakshmi]]'' || Velu ||
|-
| ''[[Super Da]]'' || ||
|-
| rowspan="8"|2005 || ''[[Thirupaachi]]'' || Police Constable ||
|-
| ''[[Kadhal Seiya Virumbu]]'' || Dharma ||
|-
| ''[[Kadhal FM]]'' || Inspector ||
|-
| ''[[Athbhutha Dweepu|Arputha Theevu]]'' || Vaiyapuri ||
|-
| ''[[Mumbai Xpress]]'' || Johnson ||
|-
| ''[[Sivakasi (film)|Sivakasi]]'' || Sivakasi's childhood friend ||
|-
| ''[[Kannamma (film)|Kannamma]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Priyasakhi]]'' || ||
|-
| rowspan="5"|2006 || ''[[Idhaya Thirudan]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Vanjagan]]'' || Ravi ||
|-
| ''[[Vattaram]]'' || Burma's sidekick ||
|-
| ''[[Prathi Gnayiru 9 Manimudhal 10.30 Varai]]'' || Police officer ||
|-
| ''[[Azhagiya Asura]]'' || ||
|-
| rowspan="8"|2007 || ''[[Pokkiri]]'' || Thamizh's friend ||
|-
| ''[[Deepavali (2007 film)|Deepavali]]'' || Villager ||
|-
| ''[[Nanbanin Kadhali]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Adavadi]]'' || Michael ||
|-
| ''[[Urchagam]]'' || Bhai ||
|-
| ''[[Vasantham Vanthachu]]'' || Somu ||
|-
| ''[[Vel (film)|Vel]]'' || Mokkasami ||
|-
| ''[[Machakaaran]]'' || Vicky's friend ||
|-
| rowspan="8"|2008 || ''[[Sadhu Miranda]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Tharagu]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Dasavathaaram]]'' || Prabhu ||
|-
| ''[[Pandi (film)|Pandi]]'' || Thief ||
|-
| ''[[Kuselan]]'' || Kuppusamy's assistant ||
|-
| ''[[Nayagan (2008 film)|Nayagan]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Nadigai]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Thiruvannamalai (film)|Thiruvannamalai]]'' || Thumbi Singaram ||
|-
| rowspan="6"|2009 || ''[[Villu (film)|Villu]]'' || Pugazh's friend ||
|-
| ''[[Mayandi Kudumbathar]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Unnai Kann Theduthe]]'' || Rudhra's friend ||
|-
| ''[[Naalai Namadhe (2009 film)|Naalai Namadhe]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Munnar (film)|Munnar]]'' || Kanagavel ||
|-
| ''[[Thee (2009 film)|Thee]]'' || Rajapandiyan's sidekick ||
|-
| rowspan="10"|2010 || ''[[Thunichal]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Irumbukkottai Murattu Singam]]'' || Viruma ||
|-
| ''[[Kola Kolaya Mundhirika]]'' || Constable Rajappan ||
|-
| ''[[Kanagavel Kaaka]]'' || Karuppu ||
|-
| ''[[Raavanan (2010 film)|Raavanan]]'' || Raasathi ||
|-
| ''Indrasena '' || ||
|-
| ''[[Chikku Bukku]]'' || Singaram ||
|-
| ''[[Unakkaga En Kadhal]]'' || Tata Birla ||
|-
| ''Androru Naal'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Neethana Avan]]'' || Venus ||
|-
| rowspan="9"|2011 || ''[[Kaavalan]]'' || Bhoomi's friend ||
|-
| ''[[Muthukku Muthaaga]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Mappillai (2011 film)|Maapillai]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Sabash Sariyana Potti]]'' || ||
|-
| ''En Ullam Unnai Theduthey'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Vellore Maavattam]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Velayudham]]'' || Speed's brother ||
|-
| ''[[Osthe]]'' || Police Constable ||
|-
| ''[[Aduthathu]]'' || ||
|-
| rowspan="2"|2012 || ''[[Ullam (2012 film)|Ullam]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Pandi Oliperukki Nilayam]]'' || Neighbour ||
|-
| rowspan="3"|2013 || ''[[Nagaraja Cholan MA, MLA]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Ragalaipuram]]'' || Insurance policy agent ||
|-
| ''[[Alex Pandian]]'' || Nandu ||
|-
| rowspan="7"|2014 || ''[[Enna Satham Indha Neram]]'' || Malayali tea stall owner ||
|-
| ''[[Bramman]]'' || Police Inspector ||
|-
| ''[[Thirudan Police]]'' || Guest appearance ||
|-
| ''[[Vellaikaara Durai]]'' || Land Broker ||
|-
| ''[[Amara (film)|Amara]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Ninaivil Nindraval (2014 film)|Ninaivil Nindraval]]'' || ||
|-
| ''Nenjirukkumvarai Ninaivirukkum'' || ||
|-
| rowspan="5"|2015 || ''[[Uttama Villain]]'' || Snake charmer ||
|-
| ''[[Papanasam (film)|Papanasam]]'' || Restaurant Owner ||
|-
| ''[[Maharani Kottai]]'' || Dhanakodi ||
|-
| ''[[Adhibar]]'' || Bobby ||
|-
| ''[[Savaale Samaali]]'' || ||
|-
| rowspan="6"|2016 || ''[[Narathan]]'' || Baskar's assistant ||
|-
| ''[[Velainu Vandhutta Vellaikaaran]]'' || Constable Vasanthakumar||
|-
| ''[[Vellikizhamai 13am Thethi]]'' || Saravanan's friend ||
|-
| ''[[Vendru Varuvaan]]'' || ||
|-
| ''Thirumaal Perumai'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Andaman (2016 film)|Andaman]]'' || ||
|-
| rowspan="2"|2017 || ''Aarambamey Attakasam'' || ||
|-
| ''Veera Vamsam'' || ||
|-
| rowspan="3"|2018 || ''[[Kalakalappu 2]]'' || Sathyamoorthy ||<ref name="Vaiyapuri in Kalakalappu 2">{{cite news |last1= |first1= |date=5 October 2017 |title=Vaiyapuri in Kalakalappu 2 |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/051017/vaiyapuri-in-kalakalappu-2.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250527111057/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/051017/vaiyapuri-in-kalakalappu-2.html |archivedate=27 May 2025 |accessdate=27 May 2025 |work= |publisher=Deccan Chronicle |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Pakka (film)|Pakka]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Annanukku Jai (2018 film)|Annanuku Jai]]'' || Narayanan ||
|-
| rowspan="3"|2019 || ''[[Oviyavai Vitta Yaru]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[En Kaadhali Scene Podura]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Market Raja MBBS]]'' || Demo Patient ||
|-
| rowspan="1"|2020 || ''Routtu'' || ||
|-
| rowspan="2"|2021 || ''[[Pei Mama]]'' || ||
|-
| ''Operation JuJuPi'' || Politician ||
|-
| rowspan="6"|2022 || ''[[Yutha Satham]]'' || Ambi ||
|-
| ''[[Viruman]]'' || Auctioneer ||
|-
| ''[[Oke Oka Jeevitham|Kanam]]'' || Auto driver Maari ||
|-
| ''Riya - The Haunted House'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Aattral]]'' || Traffic Police ||
|-
| ''[[Powder (2022 film)|Powder]]'' || Saamy ||
|-
| rowspan="7"|2023 || ''[[Thalaikoothal (film)|Thalaikoothal]]'' || Transgender demigod ||
|-
| ''Jambu Maharishi'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Kick (2023 film)|Kick]]'' || Ad council member ||
|-
| ''[[Leo (2023 Indian film)|Leo]]'' || Astrologer ||
|-
| ''[[Kapil Returns]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[License (2023 film)|License]]'' || Head constable ||
|-
| ''[[Va Varalam Va]]'' || ||
|-
| rowspan="3"|2024 || ''[[Local Sarakku]]'' || Film director ||
|-
| ''[[Petta Rap]]'' || Janaki's uncle ||
|-
| ''Paraman'' || Sivanandi ||
|-
| rowspan="7"|2025 || ''[[Otha Votu Muthaiya]]'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Kadaisi Thotta]]'' || Midhun ||
|-
| ''Yaman Kattalai '' || ||
|-
|''[[Thug Life (2025 film)|Thug Life]]'' || Midhun ||
|-
|''[[Desingu Raja 2]]'' || Krishna ||
|-
|''[[Others (film)|Others]]'' || Ganesan ||
|-
|''[[Kaantha]]'' || Selvam ||
|-
| rowspan="2"|2026 || ''Vangala Viriguda'' || ||
|-
| ''[[Aazhi (2026 film)|Aazhi]]'' || || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/tamil/2026/Feb/03/tamilnews2026feb01sarath-kumar-starrer-aazhi-gets-release-date|title=Sarathkumar-starrer Aazhi gets release date|date=3 February 2026|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== Other language films ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Language
! Notes
|-
| 2005 || ''[[Kochi Rajavu]]'' || Vaiyapuri || [[Malayalam]] ||
|-
| 2008 || ''[[Keka (film)|Keka]]'' || Police Inspector || [[Telugu language|Telugu]] ||
|-
| 2010 || ''Twinkle Twinkle Little Star'' || || rowspan="2"| Malayalam ||
|-
| 2019 || ''[[Love Action Drama]]'' || Doctor ||
|}

==Television==
{| Class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Show
! Role
! Network
! Notes
|-
| 2004-2007||''[[My Dear Bootham (TV series)|My Dear Bootham]]''||Kittu, Moosa's Friend & Title Voice "Kalakkara Machi"|| rowspan="2" |[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
|-
| 2011||''[[Asatha Povathu Yaaru?]]''||Judge
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2017||''[[Bigg Boss Tamil 1|Bigg Boss]]''|| Contestant||[[Star Vijay]]|| Evicted Day 84
|-
| ''[[Nandini (TV series)|Nandini]]'' || Himself || [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
|guest role
|-
| 2018||''[[Bigg Boss Tamil 2]]''||Guest ||[[Star Vijay]]
|from day 85 to 91
|-
|2020||''[[Magarasi]]''|| Rajendran || rowspan="2" |[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
|guest role
|-
| rowspan="2" |2021||''[[Sundari (Tamil TV series)|Sundari]]''||Kattam Kandhaswamy
|guest role
|-
|[[Gokulathil Seethai (2019 TV series)|''Gokulathil Seethai'']]
|Varudhukutty
| rowspan="2" |[[Zee Tamil]]
|guest role
|-
|2022
|''[[Amudhavum Annalakshmiyum]]''
|
|guest role
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|1234717}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Vaiyapuri}}
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Tamil comedians]]
[[Category:Actors from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Male actors in Tamil cinema]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:1968 births]]

Polygon (website)

2026-03-11T06:38:49Z

Diazonium: minor edit

{{Short description|Video game website}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Good article}}
{{Use American English|date=September 2018}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox website
| name = ''Polygon''
| logo = Polygon logo (2012).svg
| logo_caption = Logo used since 2012<ref name="PolygonLogo" />
| screenshot = Polygon screenshot.png
| caption = Homepage in September 2024
| parent = {{ubl|[[Vox Media]] (2012–2025)|[[Valnet]] (2025–present)}}
| url = {{URL|https://www.polygon.com/|polygon.com}}
| commercial = Yes
| type = Entertainment website
| registration = Optional
| language = English
| num_users =
| owner =
| predecessor = ''[[Joystiq]]''
| editor = {{ubl|Chris Grant (2012–2019)<ref name= "Grant SVP" />|Christopher Plante (2019–2025)<ref name ="EIC Plante laid off">{{Cite web |last=Plante |first=Chris |date=May 1, 2025 |title=I'm no longer with Polygon. If you're hiring, please consider the many talented writers and editors now on the market. Every one of them deserves a spot on your staff. I won't be talking more about the sale because I wasn't involved. Going to hang out with my kid. Taking wins where I can. |url=https://bsky.app/profile/plante.bsky.social/post/3lo4mn4noqc26 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20250501163814/https://bsky.app/profile/plante.bsky.social/post/3lo4mn4noqc26 |archive-date=May 1, 2025 |access-date=May 1, 2025 |website=[[Bluesky]] |type=Social media post}}</ref>}}
| launch_date = {{Start date and age|2012|10|24}}
| current_status = Active
}}

'''''Polygon''''' is an American entertainment website created by [[Vox Media]] covering video games, movies, television, comics, and other popular culture. At its October 2012 launch as Vox Media's third property, ''Polygon'' sought to distinguish itself by focusing on the stories of the people behind video games and [[Long-form journalism|long-form]] magazine-style feature articles.

The site was built over the course of ten months by eight co-founding editors which included the editors-in-chief of the gaming sites ''[[Joystiq]]'', ''[[Kotaku]]'' and ''[[The Escapist (magazine)|The Escapist]]''. Vox Media produced a [[documentary]] series on the founding of the site. In May 2025, ''Polygon'' was sold to [[Valnet]].

==History==

=== Vox Media (2012–2025) ===
The gaming blog ''Polygon'' was launched on October 24, 2012, as [[Vox Media]]'s third property. The site grew from technology blog ''[[The Verge]]'', which was launched a year earlier as an outgrowth of sports blog network ''[[SB Nation]]'' before Vox Media was formed. Vox Media's [[chief executive officer]], [[Jim Bankoff]], approached ''[[Joystiq]]'' editor-in-chief Christopher Grant in early 2011 about starting a video game website.<ref name="Forbes: Inside Story" />{{efn|Vox's Bankoff was a former AOL executive and ''Joystiq'' was an AOL-owned video game blog.<ref name="Forbes: Inside Story" />}} Bankoff considered video games to be a logical [[vertical market]] for Vox, whose sites attracted an 18- to 49-year-old demographic.<ref name="All Things Digital: Begin" /> He also saw games to be an expanding market in consideration of [[mobile games|mobile]] and [[social network game]] categories.<ref name="All Things Digital: Begin" /> ''[[Forbes]]'' described Bankoff's offer as a "serious commitment to online journalism" in an age of [[content farms]] and disappearing print publications, but Grant did not trust the offer and declined.<ref name="Forbes: Inside Story" /> Upon seeing the effort that Vox Media put into ''The Verge'', their Chorus [[content management system]], and the quality of their content and sponsorships, Grant changed his mind and returned to pitch Bankoff. Grant wanted the new site to compete with top gaming websites ''[[GameSpot]]'' and ''[[IGN]]'', but still be able to run longform "magazine-style journalism" that could be of historic interest.<ref name="Forbes: Inside Story" />{{efn|Longform web journalism was uncommon at the time.<ref name="Mashable: 2012" />}} As part of the site's attempt to "redefine games journalism", Vox Media made a 13-part documentary series of the site's creation ("Press Reset") that tracked the site's creation from start to launch.<ref name="All Things Digital: Begin" />

''Forbes'' described ''Polygon''{{'s}} original 16-person staff as "star-studded" for including the editors-in-chief from three competing video game blogs.<ref name="Forbes: Inside Story" /> Grant left ''Joystiq'' in January 2012 and brought the editors-in-chief of ''[[Kotaku]]'' and ''[[The Escapist (magazine)|The Escapist]]'', [[Brian Crecente]] and Russ Pitts.<ref name="Forbes: Inside Story" /> Other staff included ''Joystiq'' managing editor [[Justin McElroy]] as well as weekend editor [[Griffin McElroy]],<ref name="Polygon: Departure" /> and staff from [[UGO]], ''IGN'', [[MTV]], VideoGamer.com,<ref name="All Things Digital: Begin" /><ref name="VG247: group" /> and ''[[1UP.com]]''.<ref name="VG247: becomes" /> The ''Polygon'' team includes [[remote work]]ers based in Philadelphia, Huntington, San Francisco, Sydney, London, and Austin, while Vox Media is headquartered in New York City and Washington, D.C.<ref name="Inc.: NBCUniversal" /><ref name="Poynter" /> The site was developed over the course of ten months, where the staff chose the site's name and set standards for their reporting<ref name="Forbes: Inside Story" /> and review score scale.<ref name="Mashable: 2012" /> ''Polygon'' staff published on ''The Verge'' as "''Vox Games''" beginning in February 2012<ref name="All Things Digital: Arena" /> and ending with their October launch.<ref name="All Things Digital: Begin" /> The site's name was announced at a [[Penny Arcade Expo|PAX East]] panel in April.<ref name="VG247: becomes" /> It refers to a [[polygon]]—"the basic visual building block of video games".<ref name="Poynter" />

After raising money in a second round of funding in late 2013, Vox Media announced that they would be investing further in the site's video product, such that the site's experience would feel "as much like TV programming as magazine publishing".<ref name="MCV: raises 40m" /> ''Polygon'' announced that it would run fewer features in June 2014, with the departure of features editor Russ Pitts, their video director, and video designer.<ref name="MCV: three staff" /> ''Polygon'' hired Susana Polo, founder of ''[[The Mary Sue]]'', in 2015, which marked a transition in the site's scope to add pop culture and entertainment alongside their video game coverage.<ref name="GamesIndustry: Mary Sue" /> ''[[GamesIndustry]]'' added that the hire marked a changing cultural sensibility in game and tech media towards the acceptance of progressive, feminist principles in the wake of [[Gamergate controversy|Gamergate]].<ref name="GamesIndustry: Mary Sue" />

Vox Media later created several sites dedicated to specific video games with editorial staff from ''Polygon'' and ''SB Nation'': ''The Rift Herald'' (for ''[[League of Legends]]'') in March 2016,<ref name="GamesIndustry: LoL" /> and ''The Flying Courier'' (for ''[[Dota 2]]'') and ''Heroes Never Die'' (for ''[[Overwatch (video game)|Overwatch]]'') in June 2017.<ref name="Polygon: esports" /> Brian Crecente left ''Polygon'' for ''[[Rolling Stone]]''{{'s}} gaming website ''Glixel'' in July 2017,<ref name="GamesIndustry: Crecente" /> and Chris Plante replaced him as Executive Editor.<ref name="GamesIndustry: Plante" /> ''Polygon'' video producer Nick Robinson left ''Polygon'' in August 2017, following allegations of inappropriate online sexual advances.<ref name="Kotaku: Robinson" /> Video producers [[Brian David Gilbert]] and Jenna Stoeber were hired soon after. In 2018, Griffin and Justin McElroy announced their departure from ''Polygon'', in order to focus on their podcasting and families.<ref name="Polygon: Departure" /> In July 2019, [[Editor-in-chief|Editor-in-Chief]] (EIC) Christoper Grant was elevated to the position of Senior Vice President of ''Polygon'' and ''The Verge'' by Vox Media.<ref name= "Grant SVP" /> Grant was replaced as EIC by Plante.<ref name= "Grant SVP" /> On December 28, 2020, [[Brian David Gilbert]] announced he was leaving ''Polygon'' via Twitter and his final Unraveled video, saying he left "because it feels like the right time!".<ref>{{Cite web |last=McCauley |first=Tara |date=2020-12-29 |title=Brian David Gilbert Begrudgingly Tackles the Long-Requested Topic of Pokémon Edibility in a Final 'Unraveled' – |url=https://television.mxdwn.com/news/brian-david-gilbert-begrudgingly-tackles-the-long-requested-topic-of-pokemon-edibility-in-a-final-unraveled/ |access-date=2023-08-28 |website=mxdwn Television |language=en-US |archive-date=August 23, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240823055522/https://television.mxdwn.com/news/brian-david-gilbert-begrudgingly-tackles-the-long-requested-topic-of-pokemon-edibility-in-a-final-unraveled/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Valnet (2025–present) ===
In May 2025, Vox Media sold ''Polygon'' to [[Valnet]], while also laying off most of their staff.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Peters |first=Jay |date=May 1, 2025 |title=Polygon sold to GameRant owner Valnet |url=https://www.theverge.com/news/659575/polygon-vox-media-sold-valnet-gamerant |access-date=May 1, 2025 |website=[[The Verge]] |language=en-US |archive-date=May 1, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250501162231/https://www.theverge.com/news/659575/polygon-vox-media-sold-valnet-gamerant |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Aftermath layoff scope">{{Cite web |last=MacLeod |first=Riley |date=May 1, 2025 |title=Polygon Sold To Valnet |url=https://aftermath.site/polygon-layoffs-sale |access-date=May 1, 2025 |website=[[Aftermath (website)|Aftermath]] |language=en}}</ref> This layoff included EIC Plante.<ref name ="EIC Plante laid off"/><ref name="Aftermath layoff scope" /> ''[[Aftermath (website)|Aftermath]]'' reported they were informed by a "former employee" that "at least 25 people have been let go" and noted many of the laid off staff "were [[Union membership|union members]]".<ref name="Aftermath layoff scope" /> The Vox Media Union was negotiating a new contract with Vox Media at the time, and the [[Writers Guild of America, East|Writers Guild of America East]] (who represents the union) condemned the sale as [[union busting]].<ref name="Aftermath layoff scope" /> Chris Grant shared his frustrations on [[Bluesky]], stating that Valnet had refused to meet with him or answer questions during the process.<ref name="Aftermath layoff scope" />

In an interview, Valnet's Rony Arzoumanian said that the deal to purchase ''Polygon'' had been in the works for a few months, and that they retained about ten staff and expect to add more to build its team to build out the site more for the next five to ten years. Arzoumanian also said they had no plans to eliminate the archive of ''Polygon'' articles, nor to incorporate artificial intelligence in their product.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.theverge.com/games/660635/polygon-valnet-vox-media-new-owner-interview | title = Polygon’s new owner says it will ‘do what’s right for Polygon’ | first = Jay | last = Peters |date = May 3, 2025 |access-date= May 3, 2025 | work = [[The Verge]] }}</ref>

==Content==
{{Quote box
| quote = We want to focus on the human side of development, and focus things on people. I want people to feel the respect that we feel for them.
| source = [[Justin McElroy]] on ''Polygon''{{'s}} editorial strategy, October 2012<ref name="Mashable: 2012" />
| width = 30em
| quoted = 1
}}
''Polygon'' publishes video game news, entertainment, reviews, and video.<ref name="All Things Digital: Arena" /> They sought to set their content apart from other games journalism outlets by focusing on the people making and playing the games rather than the games alone.<ref name="Mashable: 2012" /> At the site's outset, ''Polygon'' planned to run multiple longform feature articles weekly, which they intended to be comparable in intent to the cover stories of magazines.<ref name="Mashable: 2012" /> They also decided to allow their game review scores to be updated as the games were updated,<ref name="All Things Digital: Begin" /> so as to more adequately reflect games that had changed with [[downloadable content]] and updates since their original release.<ref name="Mashable: 2012" /> In consideration of games that may differ in quality before and after release, ''Polygon'' later began to mark pre-release reviews as "provisional" to defer final scoring until after their public release.<ref name="Ars: scores" />

''Polygon''{{'s}} emphasis on video production expanded in late 2013,<ref name="MCV: raises 40m" /> and waned in mid-2014 with the loss of video staff and the editorial decision to run fewer feature articles.<ref name="MCV: three staff" /> By 2015, the site began to shift from games-only coverage to pop culture coverage, similar to the scope of rival sites ''IGN'' and ''Kotaku''.<ref name="GamesIndustry: Mary Sue" /> In May 2018, ''Polygon'' launched the YouTube series "Brand Slam", in which brand mascots battle against one another.<ref name="AdAge: Brand Slam" />

''Polygon'' ran several podcasts over the years, hosted from the main website. ''Minimap'' was named among iTunes's best of 2015,<ref name="Vox Marketing: 2015 podcasts" /> and ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'' praised the site's ''Car Boys'' web series.<ref name="NYMag: Car Boys" /> The website's flagship podcast, called ''The Polygon Show'', launched in 2017 and discusses gaming and culture.<ref name="Adweek: The Polygon Show" /> It was named one of the "10 gaming podcasts every gaming nerd should know" by ''[[The Daily Dot]]'' in 2018.<ref name="The Daily Dot: podcasts" /> The site also hosted general video game podcast ''The Besties'' for a time, when hosts [[Griffin McElroy|Griffin]] and [[Justin McElroy]], Chris Plante and Russ Frushtick were employees of Polygon.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hein |first1=Michael |date=20 February 2024 |title=The McElroy Brothers Launch New Patreon Project |url=https://popculture.com/entertainment/news/the-mcelroy-brothers-launch-new-patreon-project/ |website=PopCulture.com}}</ref>

Starting in September 2018, the site opted to drop scored reviews for games, as to let their reviewers have more freedom in how they review a game; they will substitute their scoring system for a "Polygon Recommends", a game that the reviewer, having played enough of the game to make a determination, can stand behind and support for the site. These Recommended titles subsequently will serve as the basis of selection of "Polygon Essentials", games that the site feels everyone should play.<ref name="Review scores" />

=== Design ===
The site uses a pink color palette<ref name="All Things Digital: Begin" /> and emulates the magazine-style layout of ''The Verge''.<ref name="VG247: dedicated" /> Their longform journalism was optimized for reading on tablets.<ref name="Mashable: 2012" /> In August 2024, ''Polygon'' migrated their site to the [[WordPress]] CMS.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://wpvip.com/2023/08/14/vox-media-wordpress-vip/ |title=Vox Media Partners With WordPress VIP |work=WordPress VIP |publisher=Automattic |date=2023-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814231640/https://wpvip.com/2023/08/14/vox-media-wordpress-vip/ |archive-date=2023-08-14 |access-date=2024-08-14 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Plante |first=Chris |url=https://www.polygon.com/gaming/439731/welcome-to-the-next-era-of-polygon-we-made-it-for-you |title=Welcome to the next era of Polygon! We made it for you. |work=Polygon |publisher=Vox Media |date=2024-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240813132206/https://www.polygon.com/gaming/439731/welcome-to-the-next-era-of-polygon-we-made-it-for-you |archive-date=2024-08-13 |access-date=2024-08-14 }}</ref>

=== Business ===
The site uses a "direct content sponsorship" model of online advertising used by ''SB Nation'' and ''The Verge''.<ref name="Forbes: Inside Story" /> For example, a video series sponsorship pairs brands with specific editorial content. ''Forbes'' wrote that Vox Media's avoidance of content farm and news aggregator tactics, and interest shown in building communities is desirable to "magazine-quality advertisers".<ref name="Forbes: Inside Story" /> The site pitched its longform journalism to advertisers as an indicator of high-quality content.<ref name="Mashable: 2012" /> The site's founding sponsors included [[Geico]], [[Sony]], and [[Unilever]].<ref name="Forbes: Inside Story" />

In June 2014, ''Polygon'' ranked fourth among games sites by [[Comscore]] web traffic data, behind ''IGN'', ''GameSpot'', and ''Kotaku''.<ref name="MCV: three staff" /> The same month, Grant reported that the previous month had been their most popular.<ref name="MCV: three staff" />

==Criticism==
''[[VentureBeat]]'' criticized the site for accepting $750,000 in sponsorship from [[Microsoft]] to make documentary ''Press Reset'' in 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 12, 2014 |title=Ignoring the "reset" button: Polygon site review |url=https://venturebeat.com/games/ignoring-the-reset-button-polygon-site-review/ |access-date=April 15, 2023 |archive-date=April 15, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415160510/https://venturebeat.com/games/ignoring-the-reset-button-polygon-site-review/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ''[[Game Revolution]]'' criticized the site's comparatively low review score given to ''[[The Last of Us (video game)|The Last of Us]]'' in 2013,<ref name="GameRevolution: 7.5" /> which was later increased with the game's remastered edition.<ref name="Polygon: TLoU" /> ''Polygon'' released a gameplay video of ''[[Doom (2016 video game)|Doom]]'' in May 2016, which was ridiculed online for being played by someone who appeared to be a [[first-person shooter]] novice. The game's creative director Hugo Martin expressed in a 2020 GameLab panel that they found the video valuable.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 24, 2020 |title="I would like to thank them" – Doom 2016's creative director responds to that notorious Polygon video |url=https://www.vg247.com/doom-polygon-video |website=VG247}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
<references>
<ref name="All Things Digital: Arena">{{cite web |url=http://allthingsd.com/20120221/on-the-verge-again-vox-media-officially-launches-into-video-games-content-arena/ |access-date=August 3, 2014 |title=On the Verge Again: Vox Media Officially Launches Into Videogames Content Arena |last1=Swisher |first1=Kara |author-link=Kara Swisher |date=February 21, 2012 |website=[[All Things Digital]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911030501/http://allthingsd.com/20120221/on-the-verge-again-vox-media-officially-launches-into-video-games-content-arena/ |archive-date=September 11, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="All Things Digital: Begin">{{cite web |url=http://allthingsd.com/20121024/let-the-games-begin-vox-media-launches-a-new-site-covering-videogames/ |access-date=August 3, 2014 |title=Let the Games Begin: Vox Media Launches a New Site Covering Videogames |last1=Duryee |first1=Tricia |date=October 24, 2012 |website=[[All Things Digital]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140731123451/http://allthingsd.com/20121024/let-the-games-begin-vox-media-launches-a-new-site-covering-videogames/ |archive-date=July 31, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Ars: scores">{{cite web |url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2015/02/the-spotty-death-and-eternal-life-of-gaming-review-scores/ |access-date=April 10, 2015 |title=The spotty death and eternal life of gaming review scores |last1=Orland |first1=Kyle |date=February 15, 2015 |website=[[Ars Technica]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418014634/http://arstechnica.com/gaming/2015/02/the-spotty-death-and-eternal-life-of-gaming-review-scores/ |archive-date=April 18, 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Forbes: Inside Story">{{cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/briansolomon/2012/10/24/the-inside-story-of-polygon-the-verges-new-gaming-sister-site/ |title=The Inside Story Of Polygon, The Verge's New Gaming Sister-Site |last1=Solomon |first1=Brian |date=October 24, 2012 |website=[[Forbes]] |access-date=August 3, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140731022204/http://www.forbes.com/sites/briansolomon/2012/10/24/the-inside-story-of-polygon-the-verges-new-gaming-sister-site/ |archive-date=July 31, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="GameRevolution: 7.5">{{cite web |url=http://www.gamerevolution.com/manifesto/polygon-slammed-for-75-review-for-the-last-of-us-19703 |access-date=August 4, 2014 |title=Polygon Slammed For 7.5 Review For The Last of Us |last1=Tan |first1=Nicholas |date=June 6, 2013 |website=[[GameRevolution]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809191159/http://www.gamerevolution.com/manifesto/polygon-slammed-for-75-review-for-the-last-of-us-19703 |archive-date=August 9, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="GamesIndustry: Mary Sue">{{cite web |url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2015-03-03-polygon-hires-the-mary-sue-founder-susana-polo |title=Polygon hires The Mary Sue founder Susana Polo |first=Dan |last=Pearson |date=March 3, 2015 |website=[[GamesIndustry.biz]] |access-date=August 21, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905235903/http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2015-03-03-polygon-hires-the-mary-sue-founder-susana-polo |archive-date=September 5, 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Mashable: 2012">{{cite web |url=https://mashable.com/2012/10/25/polygon/ |access-date=August 3, 2014 |title=Veteran Game Journalists Unite to Launch Vox's 'Polygon' |last1=Stark |first1=Chelsea |date=October 25, 2012 |website=[[Mashable]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104181645/http://mashable.com/2012/10/25/polygon/ |archive-date=January 4, 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="MCV: three staff">{{cite web |url=https://www.mcvuk.com/business/three-staff-cut-as-polygon-moves-away-from-features-and-video |access-date=August 4, 2014 |title=Three staff cut as Polygon moves away from features and video |last1=Parfitt |first1=Ben |date=June 19, 2014 |website=[[MCV (magazine)|MCV]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808054814/http://www.mcvuk.com/news/read/three-staff-cut-as-polygon-moves-away-from-features-and-video/0134239 |archive-date=August 8, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="MCV: raises 40m">{{cite web |url=https://www.mcvuk.com/business/polygon-publisher-vox-media-raises-40m |access-date=August 4, 2014 |title=Polygon publisher Vox Media raises $40m |last1=Johnson |first1=Erik |date=October 16, 2013 |website=[[MCV (magazine)|MCV]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808054818/http://www.mcvuk.com/news/read/polygon-publisher-vox-media-raises-40m/0122713 |archive-date=August 8, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="Polygon: TLoU">{{cite web |url=https://www.polygon.com/2013/6/5/4396286/the-last-of-us-review |access-date=August 4, 2014 |title=The Last of Us Review: Dead Inside |last=Kollar |first=Philip |date=June 5, 2013 |website=Polygon |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140805014108/http://www.polygon.com/2013/6/5/4396286/the-last-of-us-review |archive-date=August 5, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Poynter">{{cite web |url=https://www.poynter.org/news/why-polygon-takes-video-games-journalism-seriously |access-date=August 4, 2014 |title=Why Polygon takes video-games journalism seriously |last1=Beaujon |first1=Andrew |date=October 25, 2012 |website=[[Poynter Institute]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819211519/http://www.poynter.org/latest-news/mediawire/192834/why-polygon-takes-video-games-journalism-seriously/ |archive-date=August 19, 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="VG247: becomes">{{cite web |url=https://www.vg247.com/2012/04/06/vox-games-becomes-polygon-gera-and-kollar-become-new-staff-members/ |access-date=August 4, 2014 |website=[[VG247]] |title=Vox Games becomes Polygon, Gera and Kollar become new staff members |last=Cullen |first=Johnny |date=April 6, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812000035/http://www.vg247.com/2012/04/06/vox-games-becomes-polygon-gera-and-kollar-become-new-staff-members/ |archive-date=August 12, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="VG247: dedicated">{{cite web |url=https://www.vg247.com/2012/10/25/vox-medias-polygon-now-live-on-dedicated-website/ |access-date=August 4, 2014 |website=[[VG247]] |title=Vox Media's Polygon now live on dedicated website |last1=Hillier |first1=Brenna |date=October 25, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812000050/http://www.vg247.com/2012/10/25/vox-medias-polygon-now-live-on-dedicated-website/ |archive-date=August 12, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="VG247: group">{{cite web |url=https://www.vg247.com/2012/01/04/joystiq-group-crecente-join-vox-media/ |access-date=August 4, 2014 |website=[[VG247]] |title=Joystiq group, Crecente to form VOX Games – details |last=Cullen |first=Johnny |date=January 4, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812000046/http://www.vg247.com/2012/01/04/joystiq-group-crecente-join-vox-media/ |archive-date=August 12, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Vox Marketing: 2015 podcasts">{{cite web |url=https://marketing.voxmedia.com/2015/12/22/10652002/the-latest-news-from-vox-media |access-date=January 24, 2016 |title=Vox Media in the News: Week of December 21, 2015 |last1=Rogoff |first1=Andrea |date=December 22, 2015 |website=[[Vox Media]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160123051926/http://marketing.voxmedia.com/2015/12/22/10652002/the-latest-news-from-vox-media |archive-date=January 23, 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
<ref name="Polygon: Departure">{{cite web |url=https://www.polygon.com/forums/meta/2018/4/24/17275680/its-a-departure |title=It's a Departure |first=Griffin |last=McElroy |date=April 24, 2018 |website=Polygon |access-date=June 25, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180624132741/https://www.polygon.com/forums/meta/2018/4/24/17275680/its-a-departure |archive-date=June 24, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="GamesIndustry: LoL">{{cite web |last1=Sinclair |first1=Brendan |title=SB Nation, Polygon launch League of Legends site |website=[[GamesIndustry.biz]] |date=April 15, 2016 |url=http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2016-04-15-sb-nation-polygon-launch-league-of-legends-site |access-date=June 7, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811184246/http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2016-04-15-sb-nation-polygon-launch-league-of-legends-site |archive-date=August 11, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Polygon: esports">{{cite web |last1=Grant |first1=Christopher |title=Introducing three new esports sites |website=Polygon |date=June 7, 2017 |url=https://www.polygon.com/2017/6/7/15751532/polygon-esports-communities |access-date=June 7, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716234746/https://www.polygon.com/2017/6/7/15751532/polygon-esports-communities |archive-date=July 16, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="GamesIndustry: Crecente">{{cite web |url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2017-07-11-brian-crecente-leaving-polygon |title=Brian Crecente leaving Polygon |last=Sinclair |first=Brendan |website=[[GamesIndustry.biz]] |date=July 11, 2017 |access-date=July 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170714161343/http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2017-07-11-brian-crecente-leaving-polygon |archive-date=July 14, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="GamesIndustry: Plante">{{cite web |title=The Verge's Chris Plante to take executive editor role at Polygon |website=[[GamesIndustry.biz]] |date=August 1, 2017 |url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2017-08-01-the-verges-chris-plante-to-take-executive-editor-role-at-polygon |access-date=August 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815031634/http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2017-08-01-the-verges-chris-plante-to-take-executive-editor-role-at-polygon |archive-date=August 15, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Kotaku: Robinson">{{cite web |url=https://kotaku.com/polygon-parts-ways-with-nick-robinson-following-twitter-1797735272 |title=Polygon Parts Ways With Nick Robinson Following Twitter Claims |last=Plunkett |first=Luke |website=[[Kotaku]] |date=August 10, 2017 |access-date=August 11, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201034422/https://kotaku.com/polygon-parts-ways-with-nick-robinson-following-twitter-1797735272 |archive-date=December 1, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="NYMag: Car Boys">{{cite web |url=http://nymag.com/selectall/2016/10/car-boys-is-this-falls-best-show.html |title=''Car Boys'', the Hilarious Existential Horror Car-Crash Series, Is the Best Fall Show |first=Brian |last=Feldman |date=October 14, 2016 |website=[[New York (magazine)|New York]] |access-date=December 10, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161223170718/http://nymag.com/selectall/2016/10/car-boys-is-this-falls-best-show.html |archive-date=December 23, 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Inc.: NBCUniversal">{{cite web |url=https://www.inc.com/associated-press/digital-media-hub-vox-valued-at-1b-as-nbcuniversal-invests.html |title=Digital Media Hub Vox Valued at $1B as NBCUniversal Invests |agency=Associated Press |date=August 13, 2015 |website=[[Inc. (magazine)|Inc.]] |access-date=July 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180810191713/https://www.inc.com/associated-press/digital-media-hub-vox-valued-at-1b-as-nbcuniversal-invests.html |archive-date=August 10, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Adweek: The Polygon Show">{{cite web |last1=Cohen |first1=David |title=Vox Media Will Begin Livestreaming Circuit Breaker, The Polygon Show on Twitter |website=[[Adweek]] |date=October 3, 2017 |url=https://www.adweek.com/digital/vox-media-livestreaming-circuit-breaker-the-polygon-show-twitter/ |access-date=August 21, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115141654/http://www.adweek.com/digital/vox-media-livestreaming-circuit-breaker-the-polygon-show-twitter |archive-date=January 15, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="The Daily Dot: podcasts">{{cite web |last1=Knoop |first1=Joseph |title=10 gaming podcasts every gaming nerd should know |url=https://www.dailydot.com/parsec/gaming-podcasts/ |access-date=July 30, 2018 |website=[[The Daily Dot]] |date=July 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180718111944/https://www.dailydot.com/parsec/gaming-podcasts/ |archive-date=July 18, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="AdAge: Brand Slam">{{cite web |website=[[Advertising Age]] |url=http://adage.com/article/cmo-strategy/polygon-s-brand-slam-proves-brands-connect-gamers/313444/ |title=Marketers' Mascots Pummel Each Other to Submission in Polygon's 'Brand Slam' |first=Jessica |last=Wohl |date=May 9, 2018 |access-date=July 30, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613184433/http://adage.com/article/cmo-strategy/polygon-s-brand-slam-proves-brands-connect-gamers/313444/ |archive-date=June 13, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Review scores">{{cite web | url = https://www.polygon.com/reviews/2018/9/4/17689100/polygon-reviews-no-scores | title = Polygon is updating its reviews program for 2018 — and saying farewell to scores | first = Chris | last = Plante | date = September 4, 2018 | access-date = September 4, 2018 | work = Polygon | archive-date = November 9, 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201109031634/https://www.polygon.com/reviews/2018/9/4/17689100/polygon-reviews-no-scores | url-status = live }}</ref>
<ref name="Grant SVP">{{cite web | url = https://www.voxmedia.com/about-vox-media/2019/7/18/20699314/vox-media-promotions-eater-curbed-sb-nation-verge-polygon-recode | title = Vox Media Elevates Editorial Leadership | date = July 18, 2019 | access-date = September 30, 2019 | archive-date = September 30, 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190930191658/https://www.voxmedia.com/about-vox-media/2019/7/18/20699314/vox-media-promotions-eater-curbed-sb-nation-verge-polygon-recode | url-status = live }}</ref>
<ref name="PolygonLogo">{{cite web|url=https://www.polygon.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008194846/https://www.polygon.com/ |archive-date=2012-10-08 |work=Polygon|title=Polygon coming in 2012|access-date=7 September 2022}}</ref>
</references>

== External links ==
* {{Official website|https://www.polygon.com/}}

{{Vox Media}}
{{Video Game Critics}}
{{McElroy family}}
{{Portal bar|Journalism|Video games}}

[[Category:American gaming websites]]
[[Category:Internet properties established in 2012]]
[[Category:Video game blogs]]
[[Category:Video game Internet forums]]
[[Category:Vox Media]]
[[Category:Video game news websites]]
[[Category:2025 mergers and acquisitions]]

Mao languages

2026-03-09T02:42:15Z

Diazonium:

{{Short description|Omotic languages spoken in Ethiopia and Sudan}}{{distinguish|text=[[Mao language (India)]], [[Southern Mao language]], or the [[List of ISO 639 language codes|ISO 639-2/B]] code for [[Māori language|Māori]]}}
{{Infobox language family
| name = Mao
| altname = Blue Nile Mao
| region = [[Ethiopia]], [[Sudan]]<ref name="Omotic">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/subgroup/1085/| title= Omotic languages| publisher=Ethnologue|access-date=6 March 2024}}</ref>
| familycolor = Afro-Asiatic
| fam2 = [[Omotic languages|Omotic]]
| fam3 = [[North Omotic languages|North]]?
| glotto = maoo1243
| glottorefname = Blue Nile Mao
}}

The '''Mao languages''' are a branch of the [[Omotic languages]] spoken in [[Ethiopia]] and parts of [[Sudan]]. The group had the following categories:
*[[Bambassi language|Bambasi]], spoken in the [[Bambasi]] [[woreda]] of [[Benishangul-Gumuz Region]],
*[[Hozo language|Hozo]] and [[Seze language|Seze]] (often described together as 'Begi Mao'), spoken around [[Beica|Begi]] in the [[Mirab Welega Zone|Mirab (West) Welega Zone]] of the [[Oromia Region]].
*[[Ganza language|Ganza]], which is spoken south of [[Bambasi]] in the [[Asosa Zone]] of Benishangul-Gumuz Region, west of the Hozo and Seze languages and in [[Blue Nile State]] in [[Sudan]].<ref name="Omotic">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/subgroup/1085/| title= Omotic languages| publisher=Ethnologue|access-date=6 March 2024}}</ref>

It is estimated that there are 5,000 speakers of Bambasi, 3,000 speakers each of Hozo and Seze and a few hundred Ganza speakers (Bender, 2000). During recent political upheavals, a few thousand Bambassi speakers established themselves in the valley of the [[Didessa River]] and [[Belo Jegonfoy]] [[woreda]]. Much of the Mirab Welega Zone was once the home of Mao languages, but they have lost speakers because of the increasing influence of [[Oromo language|Oromo]].

==Contact==
Mao languages are in close and long-standing contact with [[Koman languages]], and linguistic affiliation does not always coincide with ethnic identity. Some Koman-speaking groups in western Ethiopia, like the [[Kwama people|Kwama]], are known as Mao<ref>{{cite journal |last=Küspert |first=Klaus-Christian |date=2015 |title=The Mao and Komo Languages in the Begi–Tongo area in Western Ethiopia: Classification, Designations, Distribution |url=https://journals.dartmouth.edu/cgi-bin/WebObjects/Journals.woa/1/xmlpage/1/article/447 |journal=Linguistic Discovery |volume=13 |issue=1 |doi=10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.447 |doi-access=free}}</ref>, or vice versa, as in the case of the Ganza (also known as Koma).

Intensified contact between Mao, Koman, and [[Gonga languages|Kefoid languages]] dates to the formation of the Gonga kingdom of [[Anfillo (woreda)|Anfillo]] in the late sixteenth century, following the westward migration of Kefoid-speaking elites during the [[Oromo expansion|Oromo expansions]] into the [[Gibe River|Gibe]] basin around 1560–1570<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hassen |first=Mohammed |title=The Oromo of Ethiopia: A History 1570–1860 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=1994 |location=Cambridge |pages=33-36}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Gidada |first=Negasso |title=History of the Sayyoo Oromoo of Southwestern Wallaga, Ethiopia |publisher=Mega Printing Enterprise |year=2001 |location=Addis Ababa |pages=80; 86–88; 180–181; 237–240}}</ref>. The establishment of Anfillo brought Mao populations into sustained and asymmetric contact with Kefoid languages as well as with neighboring Koman languages, whose speakers inhabited the surrounding lowlands.

Within the Gonga political system, Mao speakers formed a subordinate social category, which promoted widespread [[bilingualism]] and language shift toward [[dominant languages]]. Mao communities were integrated as [[Serfdom|serfs]] or dependent clients of Gonga [[Elite|elites]], creating daily interaction in labor, ritual, and military contexts, conditions known to facilitate [[lexical borrowing]] and structural influence. In parallel, other Mao groups remained mobile at the margins of Gonga territories, maintaining master-client relations with [[Agrarian society|agricultural populations]] through the exchange of forest products, a setting that likewise favored multilingual repertoires<ref>{{Cite book |last=González-Ruibal |first=Alfredo |title=An Archaeology of Resistance: Materiality and Time in an African Borderland |publisher=[[Rowman & Littlefield]] |year=2014 |location=Lanham, MD |pages=306–320}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Megenassa |first=Worku Derara |title=Forest-Based Livelihoods and Socioeconomic Relations in Southwestern Ethiopia |publisher=Addis Ababa University |year=2019}}</ref>.

The designation ''Mao'' historically functioned as a sociopolitical label applied to diverse subordinate populations (also known as Nao, Mawo, Manno, or Manjo) rather than a single linguistic entity<ref>{{Cite book |last=Huntingford |first=G. W. B. |title=The Galla of Ethiopia: The Kingdoms of Kafa and Janjero |publisher=International African Institute / Oxford University Press |year=1955 |location=London |publication-date=1955 |pages=136 |doi=10.4324/9781315308111}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Lange |first=Dierk |title=Ancient Kingdoms of West Africa: Africa-Centred and Canaanite-Israelite Perspectives |publisher=J. H. Röll |year=1982 |location=Dettelbach |pages=242, 260}}</ref>. This has contributed to the present-day linguistic diversity and fragmentation of Mao languages, as well as to their heavy contact-induced restructuring through prolonged interaction with Koman, Kefoid, and later [[Oromo language|Oromo]] languages.

==Numerals==
Comparison of numerals in individual languages:<ref name="ChanNumeralsAA">{{Cite web|url=https://lingweb.eva.mpg.de/channumerals/Afro-Asiatic.htm|title=The Afro-Asiatic Language Phylum|last=Chan|first=Eugene|publisher=Numeral Systems of the World's Languages|date=2019}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Language !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! 10
|-
| [[ISO 639:gza|Ganza (Gwàmì Nánà)]] (1) || ʔìʃì kwéʔèn || mámꜜbú || tʼíꜜzí || máꜜs’í || k’wísʼí || ʔìʃkìbínꜜ || mámpʰìn || wòbóꜜ || ʃèléꜜ || kónsó-báꜜ (litː 'hand-pair')
|-
| [[ISO 639:gza|Ganza (Gwàmì Nánà)]] (2) || ʔìʃì kwéʔèn || mámꜜbú || tʼíꜜzí || máꜜs’í || k’wísʼí || ʔìʃkìbínꜜ || mámpʰìn || wòbóꜜ || ʃèléꜜ || kónsó-báꜜ (litː ''hand-pair'')
|-
| [[ISO 639:gza|Ganza]] (3) || ʔíʃkúwéén || mámbùʔ || tíízìʔ || más’s’ìʔ || k’wíssíʔ || ʔíʃkípín || mámpín || wóp’ò || ʃéléʔ || kónsóbààʔ
|-
| [[ISO 639:hoz|Hozo]] (1) || ʔónnà || dòmbó || sìjázì || bétsʼì || kwítsʼì (lit: 'hand') || kwítsʼì ʔòttá ʔónnà (5 + 1) || kwítsʼì ʔòttá dòmbó (5 + 2) || kwítsʼì ʔòttá sìjázì (5 + 3) || kwítsʼì ʔòttá bétsʼì (5 + 4) || pʼóʃì
|-
| [[ISO 639:hoz|Hozo]] (2) || ʊnːa / onna || dʊmbo / dombo || sìɑːsi /siyazi || bɛtsíː / betsʼi || kʷɪtsí / kʼwitsi (lit: 'hand', kutsi) || kɛniː / ota-onna (5 + 1) || ʔɔːta / ota-dombo (5 + 2) || ʔɔ̀ːtá / ota-siyazi (5 + 3) || ʔɔ̀ːtì / ota-beːtsi (5 + 4) || pʼɔ́ːʃi / poːši
|-
| [[ISO 639:myf|Northern Mao]] || hishkì || numbo || teezè || mesʼe || kʼwíssí || kyaansè || kúlùmbò (litː ''hand-two'' ?) || kúteezé (litː ''hand-three''?) || kúsmésʼe (litː ''hand-four'' ?) || kúúsú
|-
| [[ISO 639:sze|Sezi (Seze / Sezo)]] (1) || ʔìʃílè || nòmbé || sììzé || besʼsʼé || kʼwíssé (lit: 'hand', kusɛ) || kʼwíssé ʔòòt ʔìʃílè (litː 5 remaining 1) || kʼwíssé ʔòòt nòmbé (litː 5 remain. 2) || kʼwíssé ʔòòt sììzé (litː 5 remaining 3) || kʼwíssé ʔòòt besʼsʼé (litː 5 remain. 4) || kúúsé
|-
| [[ISO 639:sze|Seze (Sezo)]] (2) || ɪ̀ʃìlɛ / ɪšilɛ || nɔ̀mbɛ́ / noːmbɛ || sìːzí /siːzɛ || bɛ̀sʼɛ́ / bɛtsʼɛ || kʼúsɛ́ / kʼʊsse (lit: 'hand', kusɛ) || dʒɑ;j / ot-šilɛ || ʔɔːt nɔ̀mbɛ́ / ot-nombɛ || ʔɔ̀ːt síːzí / ota-siːzɛ || ʔɔ̀ːt bèːtsʼé / ota-bɛːsʼɛ || ̞kʊ́ːsɛ̀ / kʊːsɛ
|}

==See also==
*[[Wiktionary:Appendix:Mao word lists|Mao word lists]] (Wiktionary)

==Further reading==
*{{cite journal|url=https://journals.dartmouth.edu/cgi-bin/WebObjects/Journals.woa/1/xmlpage/1/article/447|doi=10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.447|title=The Mao and Komo Languages in the Begi–Tongo area in Western Ethiopia: Classification, Designations, Distribution|first=Klaus-Christian|last=Küspert|journal=Linguistic Discovery|volume=13|issue=1|date=2015|doi-access=free}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Omotic languages}}

[[Category:Languages of Ethiopia]]
[[Category:Language families]]
[[Category:Mao languages| ]]
[[Category:Omotic languages]]

New Water Jet Fast Attack Craft

2026-03-08T07:56:09Z

Diazonium:

{{Short description|Class of Indian naval vessels}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{Infobox ship
|section1={{Infobox ship/image
| image =
| image_caption =
}}

|section2={{Infobox ship/class overview
| name = ''NWJFAC'' class
| builders = [[Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers]]
| operators = [[Indian Navy]] (Planned)
| class_before = {{sclass|Car Nicobar|patrol vessel|4}}
| class_after =
| subclasses =
| cost =
| built_range =
| in_service_range =
| in_commission_range =
| total_ships_building =
| total_ships_planned = 31
| total_ships_completed =
| total_ships_canceled =
| total_ships_active =
| total_ships_laid_up =
| total_ships_lost =
| total_ships_retired =
| total_ships_preserved =
}}

|section3={{Infobox ship/characteristics
| hide_header =
| header_caption =
| type = [[Fast attack craft]]
| displacement = {{cvt|325|t}}
| length = {{cvt|55|m|ftin}}
| beam = {{cvt|7.7|m|ftin}}
| height =
| draught = {{cvt|2.2|m|ftin}}
| draft =
| power =
| propulsion = *3 × MTU 16V 4000 M90 diesel engines, {{cvt|11,238|PS}}
*3 × Hamilton HM811 waterjets
| speed = *Maximum: >35 knts 
*Cruise: 20 knts
| range = {{cvt|2000|nmi}} at {{cvt|13|kn}}
| troops =
| complement = 4 officers, 25 sailors
| sensors =
| EW =
| armament = * 1 × [[CRN 91 Naval Gun|CRN-91]] 30mm [[autocannon]]
* NAGASTRA loitering munition
* [[Bhargavastra micro-missile system]] (64 missile) anti drone system
*2 × 12.7 mm [[heavy machine gun|HMGs]]
}}
}}
'''New Water Jet Fast Attack Craft (NWJFAC)''' are a planned [[Fast Attack Craft|fast attack craft]] for the [[Indian Navy]]. Under this programme the Indian Navy intends to acquire a class of thirty one attack craft that are intended feature advanced stealth features like a low [[Radar cross-section|radar cross section]] (RCS), [[Infrared signature|infrared]], [[Acoustic signature|acoustic]] and [[Deperming|magnetic signatures]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=RFI for Seven Next Generation Fast Attack Craft (NGFAC) |url=https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/sites/default/files/RFI%20for%20Seven%20Next%20Generation%20Fast%20Attack%20Crafts%28NGFACs%29.pdf |website=indiannavy.nic.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=19 July 2022 |title=The Next Generation: An Overview Of Indian Navy's Surface Fleet Plans |url=https://www.overtdefense.com/2022/07/19/the-next-generation-an-overview-of-indian-navys-surface-fleet-plans/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiandefensenews.in/2022/07/the-next-generation-overview-of-indian.html|title=The Next Generation: An Overview of Indian Navy's Surface Fleet Plans}}</ref>

Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) approved the procurement of NWJFAC on 3 December 2024. The vessels will perform multiple tasks like low intensity maritime operations, [[surveillance]], [[patrol]], and [[search and rescue]] (SAR) operations near the coast. Additionally, the vessels van also participate in Anti-Piracy missions in and around island territories. The ships will be constructed by [[Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers]] (GRSE), [[Kolkata]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-12-03 |title=DAC approves 05 capital acquisition proposals worth Rs. 21,772 Crores to augment defence preparedness |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2080155 |access-date=2024-12-03 |work=[[Press Information Bureau]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-03 |title=Centre clears 5 acquisition deals to improve India's defence preparedness |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/centre-clears-5-acquisition-deals-for-indian-army-indian-air-force-indian-navy-coast-guard-to-improve-indias-defence-preparedness-2644308-2024-12-03 |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-03 |title=India approves Rs 21,772 crore defence acquisition to boost Navy and coastal security ahead of Navy Day |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/defence-india-approves-rs-21772-crore-defence-acquisition-to-boost-navy-and-coastal-security-ahead-of-navy-day-3683205/#amp_tf=From%20%251$s&aoh=17332424675835&csi=0&referrer=https://www.google.com&ampshare=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/defence-india-approves-rs-21772-crore-defence-acquisition-to-boost-navy-and-coastal-security-ahead-of-navy-day-3683205/ |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=Financialexpress |language=en}}</ref> A new naval base will be built at [[Haldia]] in [[West Bengal]] to support FIC and NWJFAC operations in the [[Bay of Bengal]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-05 |title=Fast Attack Craft, Bay of Bengal Focus: Why India's New Haldia Naval Base Matters {{!}} Exclusive |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/fast-attack-craft-bay-of-bengal-focus-why-indias-new-haldia-naval-base-matters-article-153399211 |access-date=2026-01-06 |website=www.timesnownews.com |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[[Future of the Indian Navy]]

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Fast attack craft]]
[[Category:Ships of the Indian Navy]]

{{India-mil-stub}}

Cyber Yugadol Nava Yuva Madhura Prema Kavyam

2026-03-06T02:14:37Z

Diazonium: New

{{Short description|Indian Kannada-language film }}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Cyber Yugadol Nava Yuva Madhura Prema Kavyam
| image =
| caption =
| director = Madhuchandra
| producer = Ashwin Vijaykumar
| writer =
| screenplay =
| story =
| starring = {{Plainlist|
*[[Gurunandan]]
*[[Shwetha Srivatsav]]
}}
| narrator =
| music = Vasu Dixit
| cinematography = Manohar Joshi
| editing = Jeevan
| studio =
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2012|09|21}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Kannada
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Cyber Yugadol Nava Yuva Madhura Prema Kavyam''''' is a 2012 Indian [[Kannada]]-language film directed by Madhuchandra starring [[Gurunandan]] and [[Shwetha Srivatsav]] in lead roles.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-south-first-look-cyberyugadhol-nava-yuva-madhura-prema-kavyam/20120828.htm|title=FL: Cyberyugadhol Nava Yuva Madhura Prema Kavyam|date=28 August 2012|work=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref>

== Plot ==
The film follows the story of a college student named Jayantha (played by [[Gurunandan]]) who falls in love with his classmate Sneha (played by [[Shwetha Srivatsav]]). Whether or not Jayantha and Sneha survive the hurdles posed by an incident involving their friends and Vishwa, Sneha's brother, forms the rest of the story.

==Cast==

* [[Gurunandan]] as Jayantha
* [[Shwetha Srivatsav]] as Sneha
* [[Sharath Lohithaswa]]
* [[Veena Sundar]]
* [[Achyuth Kumar]]
* Sundar
* Nanjunda
* Seetha Kote
* Kiranmayi
* Manojav as Vishwa

==Music==

{{Infobox album
| name = Cyber Yugadol Nava Yuva Madhura Prema Kavyam
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = Vasu Dixit
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 2012
| recorded = 2012
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = 24:53
| language = Kannada
| label =
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year = 2011
| year = 2013
| next_title =
| next_year = 2012
| misc = {{external music video| header = Official audio
|{{YouTube| NT2DTKD9q1U| CYNMPK - Full Album}}
}}
}}

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 24:53
| title1 = Maccha
| extra1 = Vasu Dixit
| length1 = 5:22
| title2 = Maye Maye
| extra2 = Chinthan Vikas, Gurupriya
| length2 = 5:37
| title3 = Purra Purra
| extra3 = Vasu Dixit
| length3 = 5:20
| title4 = Olavemba Nadiyaagi
| extra4 = Harishchandran, [[Bindhumalini|Bindumalini Dixit]]
| length4 = 5:33
| title5 = Aalisi Hrudayada Haadanu
| extra5 = Joel Dubba, Rithish Padmanabh
| length5 = 3:41
}}

== Reception ==
=== Critical response ===

A critic from ''[[The Times of India]]'' scored the film at 3 out of 5 stars and says "
While Gurunandan and Shwetha Srivastav have displayed an impressive performance as love birds, Kiranmayee and Nanjunda are equally good as lovers turned couples. The highlight of the movie is music by Vasu Dixit and Abhilash Lakra. Cinematography by Manohar Joshi is superb".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movie-reviews/cyber-yugadol-nava-yuva-madhura-prema-kavyam/movie-review/16504829.cms?from=mdr|title=CYBER YUGADOL NAVA YUVA MADHURA PREMA KAVYAM MOVIE REVIEW|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=14 May 2016}}</ref> Srikanth Srinivasa from [[Rediff.com]] scored the film at 2 out of 5 stars and wrote "Vasu Dixit's music will go down well with young listeners. Manohar Joshi's camera work is excellent in the song picturisation and especially the number shot in Bali Islands, Indonesia. The film can be appreciated for the freshness of thought and the enthusiasm of the young team, but for nothing else".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/review/south-review-cyber-yugadol-nava-is-preachy/20120924.htm|title=Review: Cyber Yugadol Nava… is preachy|work=[[Rediff.com]]|date=24 September 2012}}</ref> B S Srivani from [[Deccan Herald]] wrote "The director lays bare the merits and demerits of living-in before returning to ideas used in some Telugu films to revive the story. Initially weak, his dialogues secure seetis mingled with admiring gaalis. Vasu and Abhilash rev up the tempo with quirky, pleasing music. A fresher’s attempt, the film is laudable though the entire content is not palatable".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/amp/content/280265/cyber-yugadol-nava-yuga-madhura.html|title=Cyber yugadol nava yuga madhura prema kaavyam|work=[[Deccan Herald]]|date=21 September 2012}}</ref> Y Maheswara Reddy from [[DNA (newspaper)|DNA]] wrote "Sharath Lohitasva livens up the screen as well. Music directors Vasu Dixit and Abhilash Lakhra have also done a good job. The film makes a worthy watch for both youth and their parents, so go for it!".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/review-review-cyber-yugadhol-navayuva-madhura-premakavyam-kannada-1743927/amp|title=Review: 'Cyber yugadhol Navayuva Madhura Premakavyam' (Kannada)|work=[[DNA (newspaper)|DNA]]|date=22 September 2012}}</ref> A critic from [[Zee News]] wrote "Newcomers Gurunandan and Shwetha Srivastav dominate the screen space, but fail to make any impact. But some sequences show that Shwetha can be groomed into a good performer. Veterans Sharath Lohithashwa, Veena Sundar and Nanjunda have given good performances. ‘Cyber Yugadol Navayuva Madhura Prema Kavyam’ tests your patience. Look for a better alternative than watching this film".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://zeenews.india.com/business/news/international/eu-asks-wto-to-help-settle-trade-dispute-with-russia_119691.html|title=Review:'CYNMPK' - a bad experiment|work=[[Zee News]]|date=23 September 2012}}</ref>

== Awards ==
*[[Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut – South]] - [[Shwetha Srivatsav]] - Won<ref>{{cite web|title=Best Debutants down the years...|url=http://www.filmfare.com/features/best-debutants-down-the-years-6681.html|website=[[Filmfare]]|date=10 July 2014|access-date=21 January 2017}}</ref>
*[[2nd South Indian International Movie Awards#Debutant awards|SIIMA Award for Best Male Debutant - Kannada]] - [[Gurunandan]] - Nominated

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:2012 Kannada-language films]]
[[Category:2012 films]]
[[Category:2012 Indian films]]

Pyari Behna

2026-03-04T00:01:12Z

Diazonium: quick update

{{short description|1985 film directed by Bapu}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Pyari Behna
| image = PyariBehnaa.jpg
| caption = Promotional Poster
| director = [[Bapu (director)|Bapu]]
| producer = B. Loganathan
| story =
| starring = [[Mithun Chakraborty]] [[Padmini Kolhapure]] [[Vinod Mehra]]
| music = [[Bappi Lahiri]]
| cinematography = [[Baba Azmi]]
| editing = [[Anil Malnad]]
| released = {{Film date|1985|07|12|df=yes}}
| runtime = 130 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget =
}}

'''''Pyari Behna''''' ({{translation|Dear sister}}) is a 1985 Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[Drama (film and television)|drama film]] directed by [[Bapu (director)|Bapu]], starring [[Mithun Chakraborty]], [[Padmini Kolhapure]], [[Vinod Mehra]], [[Deven Verma]], [[Shakti Kapoor]] and [[Tanvi Azmi]] in her film debut. The film is a remake of the 1978 [[Tamil language|Tamil]] film ''[[Mullum Malarum]]''.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Rajinikanth: The Definitive Biography |title-link=Rajinikanth: The Definitive Biography |last=Ramachandran |first=Naman |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |year=2014 |isbn=978-0-14-342111-5 |location=New Delhi |pages=82 |author-link=Naman Ramachandran |orig-date=2012}}</ref>

== Plot ==
Kaali and his sister Seeta live in a shanty house. Kaali is an assistant to Engineer Vinay. Seeta's friend Mangala falls in love with Kali and they get married. When Kali meets with an accident and loses his left hand he blames Vinay for the accident. Vinay has fallen in love with Seeta, but Kaali is against their relationship. How the brother-sister love trumps this resentment forms the rest of the story.

== Cast ==
*[[Mithun Chakraborty]] as Kalicharan "Kali"
*[[Vinod Mehra]] as Vinay Verma
*[[Padmini Kolhapure]] as Mangala
*[[Tanvi Azmi]] as Seeta
*[[Deven Verma]] as Makhan Singh
*[[Shakti Kapoor]] as Nekiram Chaturvedi
*Huma Khan as Banjaran
*Nirmala as Champa
*Meenakshi as Chameli
*Nalini as Bijli
*Asha Shah as Mangala's Mother
*Master Chotu as young Kali

== Soundtrack ==
The soundtrack was composed by [[Bappi Lahiri]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/pyari-behna/5HVPGekZ7tU_ |title=Pyari Behna |website=[[JioSaavn]] |date=3 February 1985 |access-date=4 December 2019}}</ref>
{|class="wikitable"
! Song !! Singer
|-
| "Baahon Mein"
| [[Kishore Kumar]]
|-
| "Jal Gaye Jal Gaye"
| Kishore Kumar, [[Asha Bhosle]]
|-
| "Shaadi Ka Matlab"
| Kishore Kumar, Asha Bhosle
|-
| "O Meri Behna" - 1
| [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
|-
| "O Meri Behna" - 2
| S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
|-
| "Rakhi Ke Din"
| [[Chandrani Mukherjee]]
|-
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|0155985|Pyari Behna}}

{{Bapu (film director)}}

[[Category:1985 films]]
[[Category:1985 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:Hindi remakes of Tamil films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Bapu]]
[[Category:Films scored by Bappi Lahiri]]

{{1980s-Hindi-film-stub}}

Vayasu Pilichindi

2026-03-03T20:26:49Z

Diazonium: formatting fix

{{short description|1978 film by C. V. Sridhar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Vayasu Pilichindi.jpg
| caption = Poster
| director = [[C. V. Sridhar]]
| producer = Kannaiyaa
| writer = C. V. Sridhar
| based_on = ''[[Ilamai Oonjal Aadukirathu]]'' (Tamil)
| narrator =
| starring = {{ubl | [[Kamal Haasan]] | [[Rajinikanth]] | [[Sripriya]] | [[Jayachitra]]}}
| music = [[Ilaiyaraaja]]
| cinematography = [[P. S. Nivas]]
| editing = Kottagiri Gopalrao
| studio = Sri Chitra
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|1978|08|04|df=y|ref1=}}
| runtime = 141 minutes
| country = India
| language = Telugu
}}
'''''Vayasu Pilichindi''''' ({{translation|Age is Calling}}) is a 1978 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language film directed by [[C. V. Sridhar]]. It is a remake of his own [[Tamil language|Tamil]] film ''[[Ilamai Oonjal Aadukirathu]]'' (1978). The film stars [[Kamal Haasan]], [[Rajinikanth]], [[Sripriya]] and [[Jayachitra]], all reprising their roles from the original Tamil version. It focuses on two friends falling in love with the same woman.

== Plot ==
Raja, an orphan, is brought up by his friend Murali's mother and is the general manager for Murali's marketing agency. Murali treats Raja not just as a friend, but as a brother and depends on him for all business decisions. Raja is in love with Padma, a college student. Padma's relative Jayanthi is a young widow who works at Murali's office. Murali, an alcoholic with a roving eye, is not aware of Raja's love for Padma. Padma is the only girl who rejects Murali's advances. Though Jayanthi knows about the love affair between Raja and Padma, Raja's presence stimulates her sexually. Once she accompanies Raja and Padma for a film screening and unable to control her sexual feelings, comes out. Murali offers her a lift in his car; both get excited in the privacy of the car, but suddenly feel guilty about the incident.

A disturbed Jayanthi avails leave and goes to her village and Padma joins her, as Raja goes on an official tour. Raja, planning to surprise Padma, proceeds to Jayanthi's village to meet Padma. When Raja lands at Jayanthi's home, she is alone as Padma has gone to attend a wedding in a nearby village. Jayanthi convinces Raja to stay back overnight, so that he can meet Padma the next day. Jayanthi arouses Raja in the night and they make love. Raja, feeling guilty about the whole event, writes a letter of apology to Jayanthi and leaves. Devastated to read the note when she returns to Jayanthi's house, Padma returns to Madras, where she starts distancing herself from Raja without revealing why.

Murali continues to pursue Padma. When she falls down, he saves her and gets her admitted in a hospital, impressing her father. Murali happily informs Raja about his feelings for Padma; being a good friend and grateful for the help given by Murali's family, Raja remains silent. He accompanies Murali's mother to formally propose Murali's marriage with Padma. Padma's father accepts the proposal, and Padma remains silent. When Raja confronts her, she reveals that she had read his letter to Jayanthi, who is carrying his child. Shocked with the news, Raja leaves Madras without informing Murali and his mother and they feel upset thinking Raja is angry with them. Later Jayanthi writes a letter to Raja informing him of her pregnancy. Murali reads the letter and now knows why Raja left abruptly. Angry and betrayed, Murali decides to sever ties with Raja then and there.

Raja searches for Jayanthi and finds her in Bangalore. He makes arrangements to marry her, but she has an accident. Before she dies, he ties a thaali around her neck, giving her the dignity of a wife. He goes to Ooty to work in an estate. Meanwhile, Murali and Padma's wedding is postponed, as Murali falls ill and is advised rest by his doctor. He and Padma come to the same estate on holiday, unaware that Raja works there. Raja meets them without realising that Murali knows about him and Jayanthi and apologises to Murali for leaving their home suddenly. Murali though is in no mood to forgive him. But Padma, on learning that Raja married Jayanthi before she died, forgives him and tries to become close to him again. Seeing them together, an enraged Murali takes Raja to a cliff; when he is about to shoot Raja, Padma reveals that they were originally in love and how they broke up due to Jayanthi's interference and Raja's honourable act in making Jayanthi his wife and legitimising their child, before she died. Murali and Raja reconcile, and Murali presents Padma to Raja as he knows they truly love each other, and leaves for Madras.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Kamal Haasan]] as Raja
* [[Rajinikanth]] as Murali
* [[Sripriya]] as Padma
* [[Jayachitra]] as Jayanthi
* [[Kantha Rao]]
* [[Raavi Kondala Rao]]
* [[Sakshi Ranga Rao]] as the doctor
* Vankayala Satyanarayana
* Pattibabu
* [[Nirmalamma]] as Murali's mother
* Pushpakumari
* Jayasheela
* Sujatha
}}

== Production ==
''Vayasu Pilichindi'' is a remake of [[C. V. Sridhar]]'s own [[Tamil language|Tamil]] film ''[[Ilamai Oonjal Aadukirathu]]'' (1978). The same cast of that version were retained for the Telugu remake.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ramachandran |first=Naman |author-link=Naman Ramachandran |title=Rajinikanth: The Definitive Biography |title-link=Rajinikanth: The Definitive Biography |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |year=2014 |isbn=978-0-14-342111-5 |location=New Delhi |pages=79 |orig-date=2012}}</ref> It was given an [[A certificate|"A" (adults only) certificate]] by the [[Central Board of Film Certification]]. The final length of the film was {{Convert|4067.86|metres|feet}}.<ref name="Gazette">{{Cite web |date=10 March 1979 |title=Vayasu Pilichindi (Telugu) (Colour) |url=https://archive.org/details/in.gazette.csl_weekly.1979-03-10.O-1072-1979-0010-46677/page/n69/mode/2up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240729074243/https://archive.org/details/in.gazette.csl_weekly.1979-03-10.O-1072-1979-0010-46677/page/n69/mode/2up |archive-date=29 July 2024 |access-date=29 July 2024 |website=[[The Gazette of India]] |publisher= |pages=981 |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref>

== Soundtrack ==
The soundtrack was composed by [[Ilaiyaraaja]], who reused the songs from the original.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vayasu Pilichindi |url=https://avdigital.in/collections/vinyl-records/products/vayasu-pilichindi |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220502125410/https://avdigital.in/collections/vinyl-records/products/vayasu-pilichindi |archive-date=2 May 2022 |access-date=30 November 2019 |website=AVDigital |language=en}}</ref> The song "Mabbe Massagesindile" was remixed by [[Achu Rajamani]] for ''[[Nenu Meeku Telusa?]]'' (2009).<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 September 2008 |title=Simbu sings for NMT |url=https://www.idlebrain.com/news/2000march20/news287.html |website=[[Idlebrain.com]] |access-date=29 July 2024 |archive-date=13 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113204922/https://www.idlebrain.com/news/2000march20/news287.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Maddala |first=Asha |date=2021-02-03 |title=Happy Birthday Simbu: 5 superhit songs sung by the talented actor |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/happy-birthday-simbu-5-superhit-songs-sung-by-the-talented-actor/photostory/80663161.cms |access-date=2024-07-29 |work=[[The Times of India]] |archive-date=29 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240729081155/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/happy-birthday-simbu-5-superhit-songs-sung-by-the-talented-actor/photostory/80663161.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Elage Elage
| lyrics1 = [[Aarudhra]]
| extra1 = [[P. Susheela]], [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
| length1 =
| title2 = Hello My Rita
| lyrics2 = Veeturi
| extra2 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
| length2 =
| title3 = Nuvvadigindi
| lyrics3 = Veeturi
| extra3 = [[Vani Jairam]]
| length3 =
| title4 = Mabbe Massagesindile
| lyrics4 = Veeturi
| extra4 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
| length4 =
| title5 = Jeevitha Madhusaala
| lyrics5 = Veeturi
| extra5 = V. Ramakrishna, S. Janaki
| length5 =
}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}

{{C. V. Sridhar}}

[[Category:1978 Indian films]]
[[Category:1978 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:1978 films]]
[[Category:Films directed by C. V. Sridhar]]
[[Category:Films scored by Ilaiyaraaja]]
[[Category:Telugu remakes of Tamil films]]

Uma Charan Patnaik Engineering School

2026-02-27T21:08:26Z

Diazonium: Stub - done

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox university
| name = Uma Charan Patnaik Engineering School (UCPES)
| image = Logo of UCPES.jpg
| image_size = 250
| image_alt = This image is the emblem or logo of *Uma Charan Pattnaik Engineering School (UCPES)*, Berhampur, Ganjam. The emblem includes the Latin phrase "Laborare est orare," meaning "To work is to pray," reflecting the institution's values of hard work and dedication as a form of devotion. The emblem also features an illustration of a bridge, symbolizing engineering and the technical field.
| caption = {{center|This image is the emblem or logo of Uma Charan Pattnaik Engineering School (UCPES), Berhampur, Ganjam. The emblem includes the Latin phrase "Laborare est orare," meaning "To work is to pray," reflecting the institution's values of hard work and dedication as a form of devotion. The emblem also features an illustration of a bridge, symbolizing engineering and the technical field.}}
| other_name = UCPES
| motto = [[laborare est orare]]
| motto_lang = la
| mottoeng = "Laborare est orare" is Latin, and it translates to "To work is to pray." This phrase reflects the idea that diligent work can be a form of devotion or worship, often associated with monastic values.
| type = [[Vocational education]]
| established = {{start date|1956}}
| founder = [[Uma Charan Patnaik]]
| top_free_label = Notable for
| top_free = [[Diploma in Engineering|Diploma courses in Engineering fields]]
| principal = Er. Sushant Kumar Patra
| students = 1400
| city = [[Berhampur]]
| state = [[Odisha]]
| postalcode = 760010
| address = 8R5F+WV8 UCP Engineering School, Engineering School, Gajapati Nagar
| country = [[India]]
| coordinates = {{coord |19.309509|84.824694|display=inline,title}}
| website = {{URL|https://ucpesbam.in}}
| accreditation = Uma Charan Pattnaik Engineering School in [[Berhampur]] is typically accredited by the [[State Council for Technical Education & Vocational Training]], Odisha, and is recognized by the [[All India Council for Technical Education]]. These accreditations ensure that the institution meets specific educational standards and that its diploma programs in engineering fields are recognized for their quality.
| affiliation = [[All India Council for Technical Education|AICTE]], [[State Council for Technical Education & Vocational Training]]
| embedded = {{Location map |Odisha |label = UCPES |lat = 19.309509 |long = 84.824694 |caption = Location in Odisha |width = 285}}
{{Location map |India |label = UCPES |lat = 19.309509 |long = 84.824694 |caption = Location in India |width = 285}}
{{Location map |Asia |label = UCPES |lat = 19.309509 |long = 84.824694 |caption = Location in Asia |width = 285}}
{{Location map |Earth |label = UCPES |lat = 19.309509 |long = 84.824694 |caption = Location on Earth |width = 285}}
}}

'''Uma Charan Pattnaik Engineering School (UCPES)''' previously known as Berhampur Engineering School, named after the great freedom fighter and eminent parliamentarian Late [[Uma Charan Patnaik]], was established in the year 1956.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://rtiodisha.in/pa/T1RILzgzLzMwMi8xMQ==|title=Govt. of Odisha:: Central Monitoring Mechanism for Right to Information [RTI CMM V-3.0]: Pages|website=rtiodisha.in|access-date=2019-12-25}}</ref> It is located in the Silk-city, at a distance of five km from the Railway Station and three km from the Bus-stand.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.collegedekho.com/|title=UMA CHARAN PATNAIK ENGINEERING SCHOOL (UCPES), Berhampur - 2020 Admission, Courses, Fees|website=CollegeDekho|language=en|access-date=2019-12-25}}</ref> The Industries Department, Government of Odisha, took over this institution for better management from private committee on 12 November 1958.<ref name=":0" /> This institution is affiliated to the [[State Council for Technical Education & Vocational Training|State Council for Technical Education and Vocation Training]] (SCTE&VT) Orissa, Bhubaneswar and is under the administrative control of Director of Technical Education and training [[Odisha|Orissa]], [[Cuttack]] which comes under the Industries Department, Government of Odisha. Statue of Late [[Uma Charan Patnaik]] The institution has a sprawling 49.785 acres area in Kalapuri Mouza in Khata No.16 & 27 in the name of Industries Department.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Uma Charan Patnaik Engineering School, Berhampur(Ganjam), Odisha. |url=https://www.ucpesbam.in/ |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=www.ucpesbam.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=OSDA |first=skillodisha |date=2024-11-05 |title=OSDA details |url=https://www.skillodisha.gov.in/profile-details/uma-charan-pattanaik-engineering-school-berhampur |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=OSDA }}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref>

Presently{{when|date=November 2024}} the Institution is running with eight diploma courses of 3 years duration with a student intake of 441 per annum and around 1400 students in total. Uma Charan Patnaik Engineering School, at [[Berhampur]] ([[Ganjam district|Ganjam]]) has celebrated its 58th year of its existence.<ref name=":3" />

== Academic structure ==
The college provides 3-year [[Diploma in Engineering|Diploma Engineering]] in [[Engineering branch]]es : [[civil engineering]], [[Computer science and engineering|computer science engineering]], [[Mechanical engineering]], [[Electrical engineering]], [[chemical engineering]], [[Biotechnology|Bio Tech engineering]], [[Electronic engineering|electronics and telecommunication engineering]], a two-year diploma for ITI, +2 holders as lateral entries is also offered. All courses are full-time. Each academic year consists of two semesters and a summer term. The education system is organized around a credit system, which ensures continuous evaluation of a student's performance and provides flexibility to choose courses to suit the student's ability or convenience. Each course is assigned credits depending upon the class hours.
<ref name=":1">https://www.rtiodisha.gov.in/Pages/printAllManual/office_id:302/lang {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123155927/https://www.rtiodisha.gov.in/Pages/printAllManual/office_id:302/lang |date=23 January 2025 }}<nowiki/>:RTI odisha official report published back in 2009</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" />

== Facilities ==
The institution is running in a single campus having two large buildings. The old two storied building houses administrative block along with the departments of Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, drawing halls, class rooms, Edusat hall, Communication Skill Laboratory & Computer Centres. The new three storied building constructed under World Bank Assisted Project accommodates the departments of Computer Science Engineering, Information Technology, Chemical Engineering, Bio Technology & Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering, LRUC hall & Gymnasium etc. The institution has a separate workshop building which houses fitting shop, machine Shop, turner section, welding shop, carpentry shop and [[Forge|smithy]]. With Two boy's hostel and one Girl's Hostel are available and one each cricket field, basketball court, tennis court and volleyball court are available.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />

==Admission==
The intake into Diploma courses is made through the SAMS each year by the [[government of Odisha]]. And administrative control of Director of Technical Education and training Orissa, [[Cuttack]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />

==Examination==
Registration is required at the beginning of each semester. Students appear for examination for registered courses only. Students are eligible to appear for examinations provided they attend a minimum of 75 per cent of their theory, practical, and sessional classes scheduled during the semester, and per semester having 750 marks but only first Semester or second semester mark is 700,50% of total mark in first and second semester is considered, over all in Three Year Diploma having 3750 marks, and minimum 35% is required for pass.<ref name=":1" />

==Events==
* EXUBURANCE is the college's cultural extravaganza held annually in March.
* Welcome is the freshers' party.
* Every Year farewell party.
* Celebrate the bishwakarma puja every year.<ref name=":3" />

== Departments ==
* [[Biotechnology|Bio Tech Engineering]]<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />
* [[Civil engineering|Civil Engineering]]<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />
* [[Chemical engineering|Chemical Engineering]]<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />
* [[Computer science and engineering|Computer Science and Engineering]]<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />
* [[Electrical engineering|Electrical Engineering]]<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />
* [[Electronic engineering|Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering]]<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />
* [[Information technology|Information Technology Engineering]]<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />
* [[Mechanical engineering|Mechanical Engineering]]<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />
* [[STEM|Math and science department]]<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{cite web|url=http://www.ucpes.in/|publisher=ucpes.in|title=UCPES.IN – Welcome to UCPES.IN|accessdate=2016-10-10|archive-date=6 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006121957/http://ucpes.in/|url-status=dead}}
*{{cite web|url=https://www.skillodisha.gov.in/profile-details/uma-charan-pattanaik-engineering-school-berhampur|publisher=OSDA|title=OSDA|accessdate=2016-10-10}}{{Dead link|date=February 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}
* [http://www.bput.ac.in/ BPUT Official website]
*https://www.rtiodisha.gov.in/Pages/printAllManual/office_id:302/lang {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250123155927/https://www.rtiodisha.gov.in/Pages/printAllManual/office_id:302/lang |date=23 January 2025 }}

{{DEFAULTSORT:UMA CHARAN PATNAIK ENGINEERING SCHOOL}}
[[Category:Engineering colleges in Odisha]]
[[Category:Education in Berhampur]]
[[Category:1956 establishments in Orissa]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1956]]

Anup Bhandari

2026-02-26T04:42:17Z

Diazonium: made new details - done

{{Short description|Indian filmmaker (born 1982)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Anup Bhandari
| image = File:Anup Bhandari.jpg
| caption = Bhandari at SIIMA Awards
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1982|03|02|df=yes}}<ref name="db">{{cite web|title=Read about Rakshit Shetty's books of dreams|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/Read-about-Rakshit-Shettys-book-of-dreams/articleshow/46026641.cms|work=The Times of India|date=27 January 2015|access-date=4 February 2015|archive-date=29 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150729185530/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/Read-about-Rakshit-Shettys-book-of-dreams/articleshow/46026641.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Puttur, Karnataka|Puttur]], [[Karnataka]], India<ref name="toi1"/>
| occupation = Film director, composer, lyricist
| alma_mater = [[Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering & Technology|VVIET]]
| yearsactive = 2015–present
| spouse = Neetha Shetty
| children = 1
| relatives = [[Nirup Bhandari]] (brother)
}}

'''Anup Bhandari''' (born 2 March 1982) is an Indian film director, composer and lyricist who works primarily in [[Cinema of Karnataka|Kannada cinema]]. He made his directorial début with the mystery thriller film ''[[Rangitaranga]]'' (2015), featuring his brother [[Nirup Bhandari]], with whom he frequently collaborates with.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Srinivasan|first1=Latha|date=13 October 2015|title='RangiTaranga' director Anup Bhandari talks about his debut Kannada film completing 100 days {{!}} Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis|work=DNA India|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/interview-rangitaranga-director-anup-bhandari-talks-about-his-debut-kannada-film-completing-100-days-2134339|access-date=25 August 2016|archive-date=16 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816020917/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/interview-rangitaranga-director-anup-bhandari-talks-about-his-debut-kannada-film-completing-100-days-2134339|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=3d胆码预测10中10-官网|url=http://www.rangitaranga.com/crew|website=www.rangitaranga.com|access-date=27 July 2015|archive-date=10 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910075854/http://www.rangitaranga.com/crew|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Early life==
Anup Bhandari was born on 2 March 1982 in Puttur, Karnataka to Sudhakar Bhandary, the director of the television serials ''Premada Kadambari'' (1996) and ''Kurigalu Sir Kurigalu'',<ref name="B">{{Cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/cover-story/saying-it-aloud/articleshow/21909836.cms|title=Saying it aloud|website=Bangalore Mirror}}</ref> and Rathna Bhandary. He was brought up in Mysore, where he started learning piano at the age of four<ref name="B"/> and obtained his bachelor's degree in Information Science from [[Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering & Technology|Vidya Vikas Institute of Engineering and Technology]]. After graduating, he joined [[Infosys Technologies]] as a Software Engineer in Mysore and eventually moved to New York, where he worked for almost a decade before returning to India to make his debut feature film.<ref name="toi1">{{cite news|last1=Christopher|first1=Kavya|date=31 May 2015|title=It's hard to away from my family: Anup Bhandari - Times of India|work=The Times Of India|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/Its-hard-to-away-from-my-family-Anup-Bhandari/articleshow/47480379.cms|access-date=25 August 2016|archive-date=11 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111075310/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/Its-hard-to-away-from-my-family-Anup-Bhandari/articleshow/47480379.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/anup-bhandari-rangitaranga/articleshow/45845314.cms|title=Techie dumps job to make Kannada flick|website=Bangalore Mirror}}</ref>

==Career==
Bhandari started off making short films while working for Infosys and won several awards. While in the US, he directed a short film called ''[[Words (film)|Words]]'' starring [[Russell Harvard]].<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=https://movies.rediff.com/slide-show/2010/mar/23/slide-show-1-south-interview-with-anup-bhandari.htm|title=Filling the silence with Words|website=Rediff}}</ref> This paved way for his debut feature film ''[[RangiTaranga]]'', starring his brother [[Nirup Bhandari]], [[Radhika Narayan]], [[Avantika Shetty]] and [[P. Sai Kumar|Sai Kumar]].<ref>{{cite web|title=RANGITARANGA - Bengaluru International Film Festival|url=http://biffes.in/movie/rangitaranga/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160813070730/http://biffes.in/movie/rangitaranga/|archive-date=13 August 2016|access-date=25 August 2016|publisher=engaluru International Film Festival}}</ref>

''RangiTaranga'' turned out to be one of the biggest blockbusters. It also opened overseas market for Kannada films in a big way. It became the first Kannada film to release in many countries, the first Kannada film to appear on the New York Box Office Listing and the first and only Kannada film to run for 50 days in USA.<ref>{{cite web|last=IBTimes|date=2015-08-18|title=Box Office Collection: 'RangiTaranga' Creates History to Overpower 'Bajrangi Bhaijaan', 'Baahubali', 'Vaalu' but fails to Beat "Brothers in US|url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/us-box-office-collection-rangi-taranga-overpower-bajrangi-bhaijaan-beats-vaalu-brothers-643247|access-date=2021-09-07|website=www.ibtimes.co.in|language=en|archive-date=7 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907003937/https://www.ibtimes.co.in/us-box-office-collection-rangi-taranga-overpower-bajrangi-bhaijaan-beats-vaalu-brothers-643247|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=2020-07-28|title=Rangitaranga|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/from-kgf-to-rangitaranga-top-5-recent-films-which-made-kannada-film-industry-proud/photostory/77220737.cms|access-date=2021-09-07|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=7 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907003939/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/from-kgf-to-rangitaranga-top-5-recent-films-which-made-kannada-film-industry-proud/photostory/77220737.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=August 18, 2015|first=Shyam Prasad |last=S|title=Rangi Taranga does a Bahubali in USA|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/rangi-taranga/articleshow/48518571.cms|access-date=2021-09-07|website=Bangalore Mirror|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=2015-08-18|title=RangiTaranga Becomes Biggest Overseas Release Ever|url=https://www.desimartini.com/news/kannada/rangitaranga-becomes-biggest-overseas-release-ever-article23229.htm|access-date=2021-09-07|website=Desimartini|language=en|archive-date=7 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907003940/https://www.desimartini.com/news/kannada/rangitaranga-becomes-biggest-overseas-release-ever-article23229.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> ''RangiTaranga'' was also one of the 305 films shortlisted for the Academy Awards (The Oscars) but did not make it to the final nominations.<ref>{{cite web|date=2015-12-16|title=Never expected 'RangiTaranga' to make it to Oscar race: Anup Bhandari|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/never-expected-rangitaranga-to-make-it-to-oscar-race-anup-bhandari/|access-date=2021-09-07|website=The Indian Express|language=en|archive-date=7 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907003937/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/never-expected-rangitaranga-to-make-it-to-oscar-race-anup-bhandari/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[https://www.oscars.org/sites/oscars/files/88th_reminder_list.pdf 88th reminder list] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021011825/https://www.oscars.org/sites/oscars/files/88th_reminder_list.pdf |date=21 October 2021 }} oscars.org</ref>

Anup won several awards for his direction, music direction and lyrics including Filmfare, SIIMA, IIFA and Karnataka State Award.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Anup followed this up with ''[[Rajaratha]]'' starring Nirup and [[Avantika Shetty]]. The film is narrated from the point of view of a bus, which was voiced by [[Puneeth Rajkumar|Puneeth]]. He also provided the music and wrote lyrics for [[Rockline Productions]]' ''[[Aadi Lakshmi Puraana]]'' directed by [[V. Priya]] and starring Nirup and [[Radhika Pandit]]. 2022 saw the release of the mystery thriller ''[[Vikrant Rona]]''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kiccha Sudeep - Anup Bhandari's film to be titled 'vikrantrona|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/sudeep-work-director-anup-bhandari-new-film-titled-phantom-109931|work=The Times of India|access-date=26 October 2019|archive-date=26 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026190354/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/sudeep-work-director-anup-bhandari-new-film-titled-phantom-109931|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Personal life==

Anup Bhandari is married to Neetha Shetty, who works as costume designer for all his films. They have a daughter Nishka Bhandari. His brother [[Nirup Bhandari]] is an actor, who has featured in all of his directorials.

==Filmography==
===As film director===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !! Film !! Notes !! {{tooltip|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
| 2015
| ''[[RangiTaranga]]'' || ||
|-
| 2018
| ''[[Rajaratha]]'' || ||
|-
| 2022
|''[[Vikrant Rona]]''
| || <ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/phantom-first-look-sudeep-is-vikranth-rona-6548438/|title=Phantom first look: Sudeep is Vikranth Rona|website=Indian Express|date=11 August 2020|author=Manoj Kumar R|access-date=26 September 2020|archive-date=23 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200923222351/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/phantom-first-look-sudeep-is-vikranth-rona-6548438/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 2026
| style="background:#FFFFCC;" |''Billa Ranga Baashaa '' {{dagger|alt=Films that have not yet been released}}|| ||<ref name="auto1">{{cite web|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/kiccha-sudeep-shelves-billa-ranga-baashaa-work-director-anup-bhandari-104939|title=Kiccha Sudeep shelves 'Billa Ranga Baashaa' to work with director Anup Bhandari?|website=The News Minute|date=6 June 2019|access-date=26 September 2020|archive-date=29 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129194428/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/kiccha-sudeep-shelves-billa-ranga-baashaa-work-director-anup-bhandari-104939|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| {{TBA}}
| style="background:#FFFFCC;" |''Ashwattama'' {{dagger|alt=Films that have not yet been released}}|| ||
|-
|}

===As an actor===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !! Film
!Role!! Notes
|-
| 2010 || ''[[Words (film)|Words]]'' || 'R' announcer || Short film<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-WrN3v7Aw-E|title=WORDS - A Film By Anup Bhandari (FULL MOVIE HQ) *ing RUSSELL HARVARD, MIRIAM GANZ|date=27 June 2012|via=YouTube}}</ref>
|-
| 2015
| ''[[RangiTaranga]]''
| Gautham Suvarna||
|-
| 2018
| ''[[Rajaratha]]''
| Media reporter|| rowspan="2" | Cameo appearances
|-
| 2022
|''[[Vikrant Rona]]''
|Old photographer
|-
| 2025
| ''[[Just Married (2025 film)|Just Married]]''
| Anand|| <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/kannada/news/2024/Apr/22/cr-bobbys-directorial-debut-just-married-wraps-shoot|title=CR Bobby's directorial debut, Just Married, wraps shoot|work=Cinema Express.com|date=22 April 2024}}</ref>
|-
|}

===As lyricist===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !! Film !! Notes !! {{tooltip|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
| 2015
| ''[[RangiTaranga]]'' || ||
|-
| 2018
| ''[[Rajaratha]]'' ||
|
|-
| 2019
| ''[[Aadi Lakshmi Puraana]]'' || ||
|-
| 2019
| ''[[Dabangg 3]]''
| Kannada dubbed version || <ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/music/anup-bhandari-on-writing-dabangg-3-kannada-lyrics/articleshow/71982960.cms|title=Anup Bhandari on writing Dabangg 3 Kannada lyrics - Times of India|website=The Times of India|access-date=9 November 2019|archive-date=10 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110084952/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/music/anup-bhandari-on-writing-dabangg-3-kannada-lyrics/articleshow/71982960.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| 2021
| ''[[Kotigobba 3]]''
| ||
|-
| 2022
|''[[Vikrant Rona]]''|| || <ref name="auto"/>
|-
| 2024
| ''[[Max (2024 film)|Max]]''
| ||
|-
| 2026
| style="background:#FFFFCC;" |''Billa Ranga Baashaa '' {{dagger|alt=Films that have not yet been released}}|| ||<ref name="auto1"/>
|-
| {{TBA}}
| style="background:#FFFFCC;" |''Ashwattama'' {{dagger|alt=Films that have not yet been released}}|| ||
|-
|}

===Short films===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !! Title !! {{tooltip|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
| 2005 || ''Life Meets Life'' || rowspan="3" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/education/edex/2015/Dec/21/rocking-the-box-office-with-his-first-shot-858779.html|title=Rocking the Box Office With his First Shot|first=Akram|last=Mohammed|date=19 December 2015|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/cover-story/saying-it-aloud/articleshow/21909836.cms|title=Saying it aloud|work=[[Bangalore Mirror]]|date=7 March 2010|access-date=5 February 2026}}</ref>
|-
| {{N/a}} || ''Nemesis''
|-
| 2010 || ''[[Words (film)|Words]]''
|}

== Discography ==
===As composer and playback singer===
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !! Title !! Songs
!Score!! Notes !! {{tooltip|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
| {{N/A}} || ''Kurigalu Sir Kurigalu'' || {{yes}} || {{no}} || TV serial; composer of title song || <ref name="auto2"/>
|-
| 2015
| ''[[RangiTaranga]]'' || {{yes}}
|{{no}}|| Playback singer for "Akka Pakka" ||
|-
| 2018
| ''[[Rajaratha]]'' || {{yes}}
| {{no}} || Playback singer for "Gandaka", "Banana" and "Mundhe Banni"
|
|-
| 2019
| ''[[Aadi Lakshmi Puraana]]'' || {{yes}}
| {{yes}} || Playback singer for "Mutthaala"||
|-
|}

==Awards==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Movie !!Award !!Category !!Result !! {{tooltip|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
|rowspan=12|''[[RangiTaranga]]''
| [[2015 Karnataka State Film Awards]]
| [[Karnataka State Film Award for Director's First Time Best Film|Best Debut Film Of Newcomer Director]]
| {{won}}
| <ref>{{cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/Karnataka-State-Film-Awards-2015-Full-List/articleshow/52311976.cms|title=Karnataka State Film Awards, 2015: Full List|last=May 17, 2016|website=Bangalore Mirror|language=en|access-date=2020-02-17|archive-date=18 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160518094804/http://www.bangaloremirror.com/entertainment/south-masala/Karnataka-State-Film-Awards-2015-Full-List/articleshow/52311976.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan=4|[[1st IIFA Utsavam]]
|Best Picture
|{{won}}
|rowspan=4|<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/srimanthudu-rangitaranga-win-laurels-at-iifa-utsavam/|title='Srimanthudu', 'Rangitaranga' win laurels at IIFA Utsavam|newspaper=The Indian Express|date=27 January 2016|archive-date=21 June 2017|access-date=26 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170621140743/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/srimanthudu-rangitaranga-win-laurels-at-iifa-utsavam/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|Best Direction
|{{won}}
|-
|Best Music Direction
|{{won}}
|-
|Best Lyrics (for "Kareyole")
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=2|[[63rd Filmfare Awards South]]
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Director – Kannada|Best Director]]
|{{won}}
|rowspan=2|<ref name=":0">{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/Winners-63rd-Filmfare-South-Awards/articleshow/52816168.cms|title=Winners: 63rd Filmfare South Awards|newspaper=The Times of India|date=19 June 2016|archive-date=23 June 2016|access-date=26 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160623012921/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/Winners-63rd-Filmfare-South-Awards/articleshow/52816168.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director – Kannada|Best Music Director]]
|{{nom}}
|-
|rowspan=4|[[5th South Indian International Movie Awards]]
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Film|Best Film- Kannada]]
|{{nom}}
|rowspan=4|<ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=http://siima.in/2016/winners.html|title=5th SIIMA WINNERS LIST|access-date=24 June 2020|archive-date=14 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160714054004/http://siima.in/2016/winners.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scooptimes.com/awards/siima-awards-2016-winners/4203|title=5th SIIMA Awards 2016 Winners List, Nominees, Voting Details|publisher=Scoop times|date=30 June 2016|access-date=26 September 2020|archive-date=8 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808055459/https://www.scooptimes.com/awards/siima-awards-2016-winners/4203|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[South Indian International Movie Awards|Best Debut Director]]
|{{won}}
|-
|[[South Indian International Movie Awards|Best Music Director]]
|{{nom}}
|-
|Best Lyricist for "Ee Sanje"
|{{won}}
|-
| IBNLive Movie Awards
| Best Director South
| {{won}}
|<ref>IBNLive Movie Awards
* {{cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/ibnlive-movie-awards-anup-bhandari-wins-best-southern-director-for-rangi-taranga-1213964.html|title=IBNLive Movie Awards: Anup Bhandari wins Best Southern director for 'Rangi Taranga'|access-date=9 March 2016|archive-date=12 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160612111813/http://www.news18.com/news/movies/ibnlive-movie-awards-anup-bhandari-wins-best-southern-director-for-rangi-taranga-1213964.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Filmfare Award for Best Director - Kannada}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bhandari, Anup}}
[[Category:Kannada film directors]]
[[Category:Film directors from Karnataka]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1982 births]]
[[Category:IIFA Utsavam winners]]
[[Category:Filmfare Awards South winners]]

Nizamuddin Ahmed

2026-02-21T20:05:28Z

Diazonium: minor cleanup

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2024}}
{{for|the historian|Nizamuddin Ahmad}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Nizamuddin Ahmad
| image = NizamuddinAhmedImage.jpg
| caption = Photo of Nizamuddin Ahmed
| native_name = নিজাম উদ্দিন আহমেদ
| birth_date = 22 September 1929
| birth_place =[[Munshiganj District|Bikrampur]], [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| disappeared_date = {{death date and age|1971|12|12|1929|9|22|df=y}}
| disappeared_place = [[Mirpur Model Thana|Mirpur]], [[Dhaka Division|Dhaka]], Bangladesh
| disappeared_status = [[Presumption of death|Declared dead in absentia]]
| known_for = [[1971 killing of Bengali intellectuals|Martyred Intellectual]]
| alma_mater = [[University of Dhaka]]
| education = Economics (BA)
}}
'''Nizamuddin Ahmed''', ({{langx|bn|নিজাম উদ্দিন আহমেদ}}; c. 1929 – 12 December 1971) was a Bangladeshi journalist. On 12 December 1971, he was abducted and killed by an [[Al-Badr (Jammu and Kashmir)|Al-Badr]] activists team. He was awarded [[Ekushey Padak]] posthumously in 1993 by the [[Government of Bangladesh]].<ref name=bpedia>{{cite web|url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Ahmad,_Nizamuddin|title=Ahmad, Nizamuddin|author=Abu Md. Delwar Hossain|website=[[Banglapedia]]|access-date=15 June 2015}}</ref>

==Education and career==
Ahmed was born in the district of [[Munshiganj]].<ref name=DailyStarIntel/> He passed Matriculation examination from Kazirpagla Abhoykumar Talukdar School and Intermediate examination from Haraganga College in [[Munshiganj]]. He earned a BA degree in economics from the [[University of Dhaka]] in 1952.<ref name=bpedia/>

Ahmad served in the Civil and Military Gazette of Lahore, ''Daily Millat'' in Dhaka and Associated Press of Pakistan (APP). He joined the Pakistan Press International (PPI) in 1959. He became the general manager of PPI in 1971. Besides, he worked as the Dhaka correspondent of [[United Press International]] (UPI), [[British Broadcasting Corporation|BBC]] and [[Associated Press|Associated Press of America]].

Ahmad was a member of organizations like [[Tuberculosis Association]], [[Central Jute Board]] and [[Film Censor Board]].<ref name=bpedia/>

==Activities in liberation war of Bangladesh==
Nizamuddin Ahmed was an ardent supporter of the [[Liberation War of Bangladesh]]. He used to send news items on the atrocities of the Pakistani forces to various foreign news media. He had taken New York Times journalist McBrown to a [[Guerrilla warfare|guerrilla camp]] to collect authentic news. He provided BBC with authentic news under strict censorship. For this reason he was taken to General Rao Forman Ali's office on two occasions.<ref name=DailyStarIntel/>

==Death==
On 12 December 1971, Nizamuddin was taking his lunch when members of Al-Badr picked him up from his residence. His body was never found.<ref name=DailyStarIntel>{{cite news|title=Profiles of martyred intellectuals|url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/suppliments/2006/december/december14th/intellectuals.htm|accessdate=7 November 2013|newspaper=The Daily Star|date=14 December 2006|archive-date=3 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203062204/http://archive.thedailystar.net/suppliments/2006/december/december14th/intellectuals.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>

On 3 November 2013, [[Chowdhury Mueen-Uddin]], a Muslim leader based in London, and [[Ashrafuz Zaman Khan]], based in the US, were sentenced in absentia after the court found that they were involved in the abduction and murders of 18 people – six journalists including Nizamuddin Ahmed, nine [[Dhaka University]] teachers and three physicians – in December 1971.<ref name=Independent1>{{cite news|last=Chowdhury|first=Syed Tashfin|title=UK Muslim leader Chowdhury Mueen Uddin sentenced to death in Bangladesh|
url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/uk-muslim-leader-chowdhury-mueen-uddin-sentenced-to-death-in-bangladesh-8919895.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220621/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/uk-muslim-leader-chowdhury-mueen-uddin-sentenced-to-death-in-bangladesh-8919895.html |archive-date=2022-06-21 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|accessdate=7 November 2013|newspaper=The Independent|date=3 November 2013}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[1971 Bangladesh atrocities]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1929 births]]
[[Category:1971 deaths]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Ekushey Padak]]
[[Category:University of Dhaka alumni]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi murder victims]]
[[Category:People murdered in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:People from Sholaghar]]

Punjab Legislative Assembly

2026-02-05T04:29:44Z

Diazonium:

{{Short description|Legislature of Punjab, India}}
{{for|the provincial assembly in Pakistan|Punjab Provincial Assembly}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}}<section begin="Infobox" />
{{Infobox legislature
| name = Punjab Legislative Assembly
| native_name = {{lang|pa|Punjab Vidhan Sabha}}
| coa_pic = [[File:Logo of the Punjab Legislative Assembly (Vector).svg|This is the Vector File of the Logo of Punjab Legislative Assembly.|150px]]
| coa_res =
| legislature = [[16th Punjab Assembly]]
| session_room = Assembly 09.jpg
| established = 1952
| preceded_by = [[Interim East Punjab Assembly]]
| house_type = [[Unicameral]]
| term_length = 5 years; renewable
| leader1_type = [[List of governors of Punjab, India|Governor]]
| leader1 =
| party1 =
| election1 = 31 July 2024
| leader2_type = [[List of Speakers of Punjab Legislative Assembly#Speaker|Speaker]]
| leader2 = '''[[Kultar Singh Sandhwan]]'''
| party2 = [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
| election2 = 21 March 2022
| leader3_type = [[List of Speakers of Punjab Legislative Assembly#Deputy Speaker|Deputy Speaker]]
| leader3 = '''[[Jai Krishan Singh]]'''
| party3 = [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
| election3 = 30 June 2022
| leader4_type = [[Chief Minister of Punjab, India|Chief Minister]] (Leader of the House)
| leader4 = '''[[Bhagwant Mann]]'''
| party4 = [[Aam Admi Party|AAP]]
| election4 = 16 March 2022
| leader5_type = [[List of deputy chief ministers of Punjab, India#Deputy Leader of the House|Deputy Leader of the House]] ([[Government of Punjab, India|Cabinet Minister]])
| leader5 = '''[[Harpal Singh Cheema]]'''
| party5 = [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
| election5 = 21 March 2022
| leader6_type = [[Government of Punjab, India|Minister of Legislative Affairs]]
| leader6 = '''[[Ravjot Singh]]'''
| party6 = [[Aam Admi Party|AAP]]
| election6 = 23 September 2024
| leader7_type = [[List of Leader of Opposition in Punjab Legislative Assembly|Leader of the Opposition]]
| leader7 = '''[[Partap Singh Bajwa]]'''
| party7 = [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| election7 = 9 April 2022
| leader8_type = [[List of leaders of the opposition in the Punjab Legislative Assembly#Deputy leader of the opposition|Deputy Leader of Opposition]]
| leader8 = '''[[Aruna Chaudhary]]'''
| party8 = [[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| election8 = 3 September 2024
| leader9_type = Chief Whip
| leader9 =
| party9 =
| structure1 = File:India Punjab Legislative Assembly 2025.svg
| structure1_res = 300px
| members = '''117'''
| political_groups1 = 
'''[[Government of Punjab, India|Government]] (94)'''
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Aam Aadmi Party}}}} [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]] (94){{efn|One of the AAP MLA, Kuwar Vijay Partap Singh<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/aam-aadmi-party-suspends-kunwar-vijay-partap-singh-for-alleged-anti-party-activities/articleshow/122141866.cms|title=AAP suspended Kuwar Vijay Partap Singh for alleged anti-party activities|work=Times of India|date=29 June 2025|accessdate=10 July 2025}}</ref> is suspended by Party from his anti-party activities. Thus he is not bound by the decisions of the legislative party in assembly, however, officially he is still the member of the Aam Aadmi Party as his party affiliation is yet to be decided by the speaker.}}
'''Official Opposition (16)'''
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Indian National Congress}}}} [[Indian National Congress|INC]] (16){{efn|Two members were suspended by congress because of their anti-party activities. These are Sandeep Jakhar<ref name="Sandeep Jakhar suspended by INC">{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/congress-mla-sandeep-jakhar-suspended-for-anti-party-activities-after-supporting-bjp-chief-uncle-statement-101692472746203.html|title=Congress suspends Abohar MLA Sandeep Jakhar for 'anti-party' activities|work=Hindustan Times|date=20 August 2023
|accessdate=20 August 2023}}</ref> and Vikramjit Chaudhary,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/congress-suspends-phillaur-mla-vikramjit-chaudhary-for-anti-party-activities-9289470/|title=Congress suspends Phillaur MLA Vikramjit Chaudhary for anti-party activities|work=Indian Express|date=25 April 2024 |accessdate=25 April 2024}}</ref> thus they are not bound by the decisions of the legislative party in assembly, however, officially they are still member of the congress as their party affiliation is yet to be decided by the speaker.}}

'''[[Parliamentary opposition|Other Opposition]] (7)'''
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}}} [[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]] (3){{efn|One of the three SAD MLAs, Sukhwinder Sukhi joined AAP on 14 August 2024.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/punjab-lawyer-sends-notice-to-banga-mla-dr-sukhwinder-sukhi-seeks-his-resignation-for-defection-from-sad-to-aap/articleshow/112642047.cms Punjab lawyer sends notice to banga mla seeks his resignation for defection from sad to aap.]</ref> As per [[Anti-defection law (India)|Anti-defection law]] his membership will be decided by Speaker of Punjab Assembly.<ref>[https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/punjab-speaker-seeks-sad-rebel-mla-sukhi-s-response-on-july-29-101748805716834.html Punjab speaker seeks SAD MLA Sukhi's responsem on July 29.]</ref>}}
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}}} [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (2)
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}}} [[Bahujan Samaj Party|BSP]] (1)
:*{{Color box|{{Party color|Independent politician}}}} [[Independent politician|IND]] (1)
| voting_system1 = [[First-past-the-post]]
| first_election1 = [[1952 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|26 March 1952]]
| last_election1 = [[2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|20 February 2022]]
| next_election1 = [[Next Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2027]]
| meeting_place = [[Palace of Assembly (Chandigarh)|Palace of Assembly]], [[Chandigarh]], [[India]]
| website = {{URL|https://punjabassembly.gov.in/|Punjab Legislative Assembly}}
| constitution = [[Constitution of India]]
}}
<section end="Infobox" />
The '''Punjab Legislative Assembly''' or the '''Punjab Vidhan Sabha''' is the [[unicameral]] [[legislature]] of the state of [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]] in [[India]]. The [[Sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly]] was constituted in March 2022. At present, it consists of 117 [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|members]], directly elected from [[List of constituencies of the Punjab Legislative Assembly|117 single-seat constituencies]]. The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner. The Speaker of the sixteenth assembly is [[Kultar Singh Sandhwan]]. The meeting place of the Legislative Assembly since 6 March 1961 is the ''Vidhan Bhavan'' in Chandigarh.

== History ==
{{Main|History of Punjab Legislative Assembly}}
In the [[British Raj]], an Executive Council was formed under [[Indian Councils Act 1861|The Indian Councils Act, 1861]]. It was only under the [[Government of India Act 1919]] that a [[Punjab Legislative Assembly (British India)|Legislative Council]] was set up in Punjab. Later, under the [[Government of India Act 1935]], the [[Punjab Provincial Assembly (British India)|Punjab Legislative Assembly]] was constituted with a membership of 175. It was summoned for the first time on 1 April 1937. In 1947, [[Punjab (British India)|Punjab Province]] was partitioned into [[West Punjab]] and [[East Punjab]] and the 79-member East Punjab Legislative Assembly was formed, the forerunner of the current assembly.

After the [[independence of India]], on 15 July 1948, eight princely states of East Punjab grouped together to form a single state, [[Patiala and East Punjab States Union]]. The Punjab State Legislature was a [[Bicameralism|bicameral]] house in April 1952, comprising the [[Vidhan Sabha]] (lower house) and [[Vidhan Parishad]] (upper house). In 1956 that state was largely merged into Punjab, the strength of the Vidhan Parishad of the new State of Punjab was enhanced from 40 seats to 46 seats and in 1957, it was increased to 51. Punjab was trifurcated in 1966 to form [[Haryana]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], and Punjab. The Vidhan Parishad was reduced to 40 seats and the Vidhan Sabha grew by 50 seats to 104 seats. On 1 January 1970, the Vidhan Parishad was abolished leaving the state with a [[Unicameralism|unicameral]] legislature.<ref>{{cite web |title=Punjab Legislative Assembly |url=https://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/States/Punjab/punjab_w.htm |website=legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in |access-date=16 January 2020}}</ref>

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"

|-

|-

|-

|-

|}

== Legislature ==
<section begin="Legislature"/>
The [[legislature]] comprises the governor and the Punjab Legislative Assembly, which is the highest political organ in the state. The governor has the power to summon the assembly or to close the same. All members of the legislative assembly are directly elected, normally once in every five years by the eligible voters who are above 18 years of age. The current assembly consists of 117 elected members. The elected members select one of its own members as its chairperson who is called the [[Speaker (politics)|speaker]] of the assembly. The speaker is assisted by the deputy speaker who is also elected by the members. The conduct of a meeting in the house is the responsibility of the speaker.

The main function of the [[Legislative Assembly|assembly]] is to pass laws and rules. Every bill passed by the house has to be finally approved by the governor before it becomes applicable.

The normal term of the legislative assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kerala Government – Legislature|url=https://niyamasabha.org/codes/govt_2.htm|publisher=Kerala Niyamasabha|access-date=17 March 2022|archive-date=8 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121208011357/http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/govt_2.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref><section end="Legislature"/>

== Sixteenth Assembly ==
{{transcluded section|source=16th Punjab Assembly}}
{{#section:Sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly|Composition of Sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly}}
== Past election results ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" |Years
| bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}" |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Aam Aadmi Party}}" |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Independent politician}}" |
! rowspan="2" |Others
! rowspan="2" |Total
! rowspan="2" |Majority
|-
![[Indian National Congress|INC]]
![[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]]
![[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
![[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]]
![[Independent politician|IND]]
|-
![[1952 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1952]]
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''96'''
| bgcolor="chili" |13
! rowspan="14" |~
! rowspan="7" |~
|9
|8
!126
!64
|-
![[1957 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1957]]
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''120'''
!^
|13
|21
! rowspan="2" |154
! rowspan="2" |78
|-
![[1962 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''90'''
| bgcolor="chili" |19
|18
|27
|-
![[1967 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
| bgcolor="chili" |48
!^
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''9'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''47'''
! rowspan="3" |104
! rowspan="3" |53
|-
![[1969 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1969]]
| bgcolor="chili" |38
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''43'''
|4
|17
|-
![[1972 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''66'''
| bgcolor="chili" |24
|3
|11
|-
![[1977 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
| bgcolor="chili" |17
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''58'''
|2
|40
! rowspan="10" |117
! rowspan="10" |59
|-
![[1980 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''63'''
| bgcolor="chili" |37
|1
|2
|14
|-
![[1985 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
| bgcolor="chili" |32
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''73'''
|6
|4
|2
|-
![[1992 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1992]]
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''87'''
|3
|6
|4
| bgcolor="chili" |20
|-
![[1997 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|1997]]
| bgcolor="chili" |14
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''75'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''18'''
|6
|4
|-
![[2002 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2002]]
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''62'''
| bgcolor="chili" |41
|3
|9
|2
|-
![[2007 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2007]]
| bgcolor="chili" |44
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''49'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''19'''
|5
|0
|-
![[2012 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2012]]
| bgcolor="chili" |46
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''56'''
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''12'''
|3
|0
|-
![[2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2017]]
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |'''77'''
|15
| bgcolor="chili" |20
|3
|0
|2
|-
![[2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|2022]]
| bgcolor="chili" |'''18'''
|3
| bgcolor="lightgreen" |92
|2
|1
|1
|}
* ^ - Party didn't contest election
* ~ - Party didn't exist
* - Green color box indicates the party/parties who formed the government
* - Red color box indicates the official opposition party

== List of Punjab Legislative Assemblies ==
{{transcluded section|source=History of Punjab Legislative Assembly}}
{{#section:History of Punjab Legislative Assembly|List of Punjab Legislative Assemblies}}

== See also ==
* [[PEPSU]]
* [[Interim East Punjab Assembly]]
* [[Elections in Punjab, India|Elections in Punjab]]
* [[List of governors of Punjab (India)]]
* [[List of constituencies of Punjab Legislative Assembly]]
* [[List of deputy chief ministers of Punjab, India]]
* [[List of speakers of the Punjab Legislative Assembly]]
* [[List of leaders of the opposition in the Punjab Legislative Assembly]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{cite web |title=Record of all Punjab Assembly Elections |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/category/86-punjab/ |website=eci.gov.in |publisher=Election Commission of India |access-date=14 March 2022}}

{{portalbar|India|Politics}}
{{Punjab Legislative Assembly|state=expanded}}
{{Legislatures of India}}
{{Current Indian assemblies}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Punjab Legislative Assembly| ]]
[[Category:Unicameral legislatures]]

List of programmes broadcast by Sony YAY!

2026-02-01T13:49:41Z

Diazonium: started

{{short description|None}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2023}}
This is a list of television programs currently and formerly broadcast by [[Sony YAY!]]. The channel was launched on 18 April 2017.

==Current programming==
* ''[[Jujutsu Kaisen (TV series)|Jujutsu Kaisen]]''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-06 |title=Jujutsu Kaisen on Indian television: When, where to watch the anime on TV |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/entertainment/television/story/jujutsu-kaisen-premiere-indian-tv-when-where-to-watch-it-2705012-2025-04-06 |access-date=2025-04-07 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
* ''[[Bernard (TV series)|Bernard]]''<ref>{{Citation |title= Bhaalu Ye Bindass Hai {{!}} New Show {{!}} seventh June, 2021 onwards {{!}} Mon-Fri 07:30 PM {{!}} only on Sony Yay! | date=5 June 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vHntsRqCPmo |language=en |access-date=2021-06-06}}</ref>
* ''Chimpoo Simpoo''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Team |first=AnimationXpress |date=2021-03-22 |title=Sony YAY! expands content width by launching four new shows for the summer vacation - |url=https://www.animationxpress.com/animation/sony-yay-expands-content-width-by-launching-four-new-shows-for-the-summer-vacation/ |access-date=2024-05-28 |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''[[Chorr Police]]''
* ''[[:simple:Honey_Bunny_Ka_Jholmaal|Honey Bunny]]''
* ''Ding Dong Bell - Masti Ka Khel''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ding Dong Bell, Masti Ka Khel – a new show set to take you on a roller coaster of laughter, fun and adventure|url=https://www.sonypicturesnetworks.com/news-details/0/565/ding-dong-bell-masti-ka-khel-new-show-set-to-take-you-on-a-roller-coaster-of-laughter-fun-and-adventure|access-date=2021-08-15|website=www.sonypicturesnetworks.com|language=en}}</ref>
* ''[[Harry & Bunnie]]''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Team |first=AnimationXpress |date=2022-02-22 |title=Sony YAY! to air new show 'Rabbit Aur Bhalla: Fun Hoga Khullam Khulla' in February |url=https://www.animationxpress.com/animation/sony-yay-to-air-new-show-rabbit-aur-bhalla-fun-hoga-khullam-khulla-in-february/ |access-date=2022-04-02 |website=AnimationXpress |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''[[Horrid Henry (TV series)|Horrid Henry]]''<ref>{{Citation |title=Haste Raho Henry {{!}} Brand New Show {{!}} Mon-Fri 5:30 PM| date=22 November 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iG46pMW4OmM|language=en |access-date=2021-11-22}}</ref>
* ''[[Mr. Magoo (TV series)|Mr. Magoo]]''<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Sony YAY! unveils its robust festive line-up along with exciting multi-platform initiatives |url=https://www.afaqs.com/news/media/sony-yay-unveils-its-robust-festive-line-up-along-with-exciting-multi-platform-initiatives |access-date=2022-10-28 |website=afaqs!|date=27 October 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Mr. Magoo {{!}} Brand New Show {{!}} Sony YAY! {{!}} Starts 26th December {{!}} Mon – Fri 3:00 PM| date=23 December 2022 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t6cv31GWc3M/ |language=en |access-date=2022-12-23}}</ref>
* ''[[Naruto (TV series)|Naruto Shippuden]]''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-18 |title=Sony Yay Airs Naruto Shippuden Anime in India |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2024-03-18/sony-yay-airs-naruto-shippuden-anime-in-india/.208874 |access-date=2024-03-18 |website=Anime News Network |language=en}}</ref>
* ''[[Oggy and the Cockroaches]]''<ref>{{Cite web|title=Xilam Animation Strikes Deal with Sony Pictures Network India for the Oggy and the Cockroaches Franchise - all 7 seasons to be on Sony YAY Kids|url=https://xilam.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/PR-Xilam-Asia-Pacific_EN.pdf|access-date=2021-09-25|website=xilam.com|language=en}}</ref>
* ''[[Oggy and the Cockroaches: Next Generation]]''<ref>{{Citation |title=Oggy and the Cockroaches Next Generation {{!}} Brand New Season {{!}} Mon - Fri 11:30 AM|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qHFPiQlGvIg|language=en |access-date=2021-10-26}}</ref>
* ''[[Crayon Shin-chan|Shin-chan]]''
* ''[[Paap-O-Meter]]''
* ''PaJaMa''<ref>{{Citation |title=PaJaMa {{!}} Brand New Show {{!}} Sony YAY! {{!}} Starts 5th December {{!}} Mon – Fri 8:30 AM| date=3 December 2022 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H1n2ibbvrXk |language=en |access-date=2022-12-03}}</ref>
* ''[[Robotan]]''
* ''[[Oscar's Oasis]]''
* ''[[Taarak Mehta Kka Chhota Chashmah]]''
*''[[Oggy Oggy]]''<ref>https://xilam.com/en/2022/10/25/xilam-animation-scores-new-broadcast-deals-for-oggy-oggy-2/?doing_wp_cron=1685602811.2697610855102539062500</ref>
* ''[[The Owl & Co]]''<ref>{{Citation |title=Owl ajooba, Kahani atrangi todha hai action todhi si masti!! Dhakki Chiki Aaool! {{!}} brand new show, starts tomorrow Mon – Fri 5 PM onwards only on Sony YAY!|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/Cio1gamqPWB/?igshid=YmMyMTA2M2Y=|access-date=2022-09-18}}</ref>
* ''[[Sgt. Frog|Sergeant Keroro]]''

==Former programming==
* ''[[Casper's Scare School (TV series)|Casper's Scare School]]''
* ''Fab5 Mission Tango''<ref>{{cite web |date=6 November 2017 |title=Sony YAY! builds local characters to monetise |url=http://www.indiantelevision.com/television/tv-channels/kids/sony-yay-builds-local-characters-to-monetise-171106 |access-date=6 November 2017}}</ref>
* ''[[Kikoriki]]''
* ''[[Kong: The Animated Series]]''
* ''[[Le Petit Spirou|Little Spirou]]''
* ''[[Magical Hat]]''
* ''[[Marude Dameo]]''
* ''[[Mother Goose Club]]''
* ''[[Mirette Investigates]]''
* ''[[Naruto]]''<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |last2= |last3= |first3= |last4= |last5= |first5= |date= |title=Naruto to Start Airing in India on Sony Yay From August 15 |url=https://simpbroz.com/naruto-season-5-release-date-in-india/ |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=SIMP BROZ |language=en-in}}</ref>
* ''[[Paper Port (TV series)|Paper Port]]''
* ''[[Ratz (TV series)|Ratz]]''
* ''[[Space Goofs]]''
* ''[[The Spectacular Spider-Man (TV series)|Spectacular Spider-Man]]''
* ''[[Tensai Bakabon]]''
* ''Guru Aur Bhole''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Milligan |first=Mercedes |date=2017-04-18 |title=Sony YAY! Channel to Anchor on Original Indian Toons |url=https://www.animationmagazine.net/tv/sony-yay-channel-to-anchor-on-original-indian-toons/ |access-date=2021-04-16 |website=Animation Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''Kicko & Super Speedo''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Team |first=AnimationXpress |date=2020-03-24 |title=KickO and Super SpeedO is all set to make sudden holidays memorable for kids |url=https://www.animationxpress.com/latest-news/sony-yay-has-a-bag-full-of-new-offerings-for-kicko-fans-for-kids/ |access-date=2024-05-28 |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''[[Pyaar Mohabbat Happy Lucky]]''<ref>{{Cite web |title=~Sony YAY! beefs up its content offering with Pyaar Mohabbat, Happy Lucky~ |url=https://www.sonypicturesnetworks.com/news-details/10/439/sony-yay-beefs-up-its-content-offering-with-pyaar-mohabbat-happy-lucky |access-date=2024-05-28 |website=www.sonypicturesnetworks.com |language=en}}</ref>

==Films==
* ''Honey Bunny Gangs of Film City''<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-10-23 |title=Sony YAY!'s consolidation plan in regional markets |url=https://www.indiantelevision.com/television/tv-channels/kids/sony-yays-consolidation-plan-in-regional-markets-191023 |access-date=2021-04-21 |website=Indian Television Dot Com |language=en}}</ref>
* ''Honey Bunny in the World Tour Challenge''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Team |first=AnimationXpress |date=2021-01-05 |title=Sony YAY! rings in 2021 with an exciting programming line-up |url=https://www.animationxpress.com/animation/sony-yay-rings-in-2021-with-an-exciting-programming-line-up/ |access-date=2021-04-07 |website=AnimationXpress |language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''Honey Bunny Save the Panda''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sony YAY! launches virtual property YAY! Dekho |url=https://www.exchange4media.com/amp/media-tv-news/sony-yay-launches-virtual-property-yay-dekho-108142.html |access-date=2021-04-07 |website=Indian Advertising Media & Marketing News – exchange4media}}</ref>
* ''Paap-O-Meter Under Attack''<ref>{{cite web |date=28 August 2020 |title=Gear up for a double dose of entertainment as Sony YAY! presents the first-ever movie of Paap-O-Meter franchise and a new show Krishna Balram |url=https://www.4psnews.com/news/story/gear-up-for-a-double-dose-of-entertainment-as-sony-yay-presents-the-firstever-movie-of-paapometer-franchise-and-a-new-show-krishna-balram |publisher=4Ps News |accessdate=10 June 2021 |archive-date=18 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218174605/https://www.4psnews.com/news/story/gear-up-for-a-double-dose-of-entertainment-as-sony-yay-presents-the-firstever-movie-of-paapometer-franchise-and-a-new-show-krishna-balram |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* ''Tapu and the Big Fat Alien Wedding''<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2022-05-16 |title=Sony YAY! to telecast first tele movie of 'Taarak Mehta Kka Chhota Chashmah' |url=https://www.indiantelevision.com/television/tv-channels/people/sony-yay-to-telecast-first-tele-movie-of-taarak-mehta-kka-chhota-chashmah-220516 |access-date=2022-06-10 |website=Indian Television Dot Com |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Lists of television series by network|Sony YAY!]]
[[Category:Lists of Indian television series|Sony YAY!]]

Khurshid Anwar Gayavi

2026-01-23T23:17:06Z

Diazonium: Redirect page

{{Short description|Indian Sunni Islamic scholar}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Khurshid Anwar Gayavi
| honorific_prefix = [[Mawlana]], [[Mufti]]
| image =
| caption =
| office1 = Head of the Education Department, [[Darul Uloom Deoband]]
| term_start1 = 2019
| term_end1 = March 2022
| predecessor1 = Muhammad Yusuf Tawli
| successor1 = Hussain Ahmad Haridwari
| module = {{Infobox religious biography
| embed = yes
| religion = Islam
| denomination = [[Sunni Islam|Sunni]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1964|11|12}}
| birth_place = Hirdai Chak, [[Arwal district]] (formerly part of [[Gaya district]]), [[Bihar]], India
| alma_mater = [[Darul Uloom Deoband]]
| occupation = Islamic scholar, teacher
| known_for = Teaching Hadith at Darul Uloom Deoband
| father = Muhammad Adil
}}
}}
'''Khurshid Anwar Gayavi''' (born 12 November 1964) is an Indian Sunni Islamic scholar and a senior teacher of Hadith at [[Darul Uloom Deoband]], an influential Islamic seminary in India. He has served the institution in various academic and administrative capacities, including as the head of the Education Department (''Nazim-e-Ta'leemat'') from 2019 to 2022. Gayavi has contributed to Islamic scholarship through his editorial work on classical texts in Arabic grammar and logic, as well as through treatises on jurisprudence.

== Early life and education ==
Khurshid Anwar Gayavi was born on 12 November 1964 in Hirdai Chak, in [[Gaya district]] (now [[Arwal district]]), Bihar, India.<ref name="Subhani">{{cite book |last1=Subhani Mazahiri |first1=Muhammad Kausar Ali |title=Al-Jauhar Al-Mufid Fi Tahqiq Al-Asanid |trans-title=The Useful Jewel in Verification of Chains of Transmission |url=https://archive.org/details/al-jauhar-al-mufeed-fi-tahqiq-al-asanid |publisher=Jamia Al-Falah Darul Uloom Al-Islamiya |location=Forbesganj, Araria, Bihar |date=December 2021 |language=ur |page=561}}</ref> His father, Muhammad Adil, was a graduate of [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] and had studied under scholars such as [[Hussain Ahmad Madani]], [[Izaz Ali Amrohi]], and [[Muhammad Ibrahim Balyawi]]. He served as ''Sheikh al-Hadith'' at Jamia Arabia Ashrafia, Naya Bhojpur, Bihar, and later became the administrator of Madrasa Anwarul Uloom, [[Gaya, India|Gaya]]. His grandfather, Moulvi Abdul Ghafur, was associated with [[Imarat-e-Shariah]], Phulwari Sharif, Patna.{{sfn|Subhani Mazahiri|2021|p=561}}

Gayavi began his education under his father at Madrasa Khairul Uloom in Tori, [[Chandwa (community development block)|Chandwa]], Jharkhand. He studied briefly at Madrasa Faiz-ur-Rashid in [[Sisai, Gumla|Sisai]], formerly in [[Ranchi district]], and later continued Qur'anic memorization in his village. He completed his memorization at Madrasa Anwarul Uloom, Gaya.<ref name="Asānīd">{{cite book |last1=Muzaffarnagari|first1=Muhammad Taslim Aarifi |last2=Saharanpuri |first2=Abdullah Sher Khan |title=Asātizat-u-Dar al-Uloom Wa Asānīduhum Fi al-Hadith |trans-title=Teachers of Darul Uloom and Their Chains of Hadith Transmission |url=https://archive.org/details/20240305_20240305_1203 |publisher=Maktabah Al-Haramain |location=Deoband |date=2023 |language=ur|page=93}}</ref> He then studied Persian and Arabic texts at Madrasa Rahmaniya, [[Roorkee]], including ''[[Gulistan (book)|Gulistan]]'', ''[[Bustan (book)|Bustan]]'', ''[[Yusuf and Zulaikha|Yusuf Zulaikha]]'', ''Sikandar Nama'', ''Akhlaq-e-Mohsini'', and ''Risala Abdul Wasi''. He completed studies up to the third Arabic year. He then continued at Madrasa Khadimul Uloom, Baghonwali, Muzaffarnagar.{{sfn|Subhani Mazahiri|2021|p=561}}

He enrolled at [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] where, after initially facing admission difficulties in a year of administrative change, he was admitted and completed sixth and seventh year classes. He also completed the ''Daurah Hadith'' (Hadith specialization) and Ifta course, graduating in 1984 (1404 AH).<ref name="Asānīd"/>

During his Hadith studies, he was taught by several notable scholars. He studied ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari]]'' with [[Naseer Ahmad Khan (scholar)|Naseer Ahmad Khan]] and [[Abdul Haq Azmi]], ''[[Muwatta Imam Malik]]'' with Abdul Haq Azmi, ''[[Jami' al-Tirmidhi]]'' with [[Saeed Ahmad Palanpuri]] and [[Mirajul Haq Deobandi]], ''[[Sahih Muslim]]'' with [[Arshad Madani]] and [[Qamaruddin Ahmad Gorakhpuri]], ''[[Sunan Abi Dawud]]'' with Muhammad Hussain Bihari and [[Nematullah Azami]], ''[[Sunan ibn Majah]]'' with Riyasat Ali Zafar Bijnori, ''[[Sunan al-Nasa'i]]'' with Arshad Madani, and ''Shama'il al-Tirmidhi'' with [[Abdul Khaliq Madrasi]].<ref name="Asānīd"/>

== Career ==
After graduating in 1984, Gayavi began his teaching career as an assistant instructor at [[Darul Uloom Deoband]], where he served for approximately two years. He later taught the children of senior scholar [[Saeed Ahmad Palanpuri]] for about one and a half years.<ref name="Asānīd"/>

In 1988 (1409 AH), he received his formal appointment as a teacher at Darul Uloom Deoband.<ref name="Khalīli">{{Cite book |last=Qasmi |first=Muhammadullah Khalili|author-link=Muhammadullah Khalili Qasmi|url=https://archive.org/details/darul-uloom-deob-ki-jamey-wa-mukhtasar-tareekh-edition-2|title=Darul Uloom Deoband Ki Jame O Mukhtasar Tareekh |publisher=Shaikhul Hind Academy|edition=3rd|date= October 2020|location=India|pages=752, 768|oclc=1345466013|language=ur}}</ref> Over the years, he has taught various advanced Islamic texts including the second volume of ''[[Sunan Abu Dawud]]'', the second volume of ''[[Mishkat al-Masabih]]'', ''Hujjatullah-il-Balighah'', and portions of the Hanafi jurisprudential curriculum (Dars-e-Shami).<ref name="Asānīd"/>

In 2019 (1440 AH), he was promoted to the rank of senior teacher (''darja-e-ʿulyā'') at the institution and, in the same year, was appointed as the head of the Education Department (''Nazim-e-Ta'leemat'') by the governing council of [[Darul Uloom Deoband]].<ref name="Khalīli"/> He held this position until March 2022. During a meeting of the governing body (Majlis-e-Shura) held on 14–15 March 2022, Gayavi submitted his resignation from the post due to personal reasons. The position remained vacant until 28 March 2022, when Hussain Ahmad Haridwari was appointed as his successor.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-07-16 |title=दारुल उलूम देवबंद की मजलिस-ए-आमिला की एक दिवसीय बैठक |trans-title=Darul uloom deoband Working committee one day meeting held in deoband |url=https://www.patrika.com/saharanpur-news/darul-uloom-deoband-working-committee-one-day-meeting-held-in-deoband-4846009 |access-date=2025-07-02 |website=[[Rajasthan Patrika]] |language=hi}}</ref><ref name="Qindeel">{{cite web |url=https://qindeelonline.com/maulana-husain-hariduari-selected-heaod-of-education-department-darul-uloom-deoband/ |title=Maulana Hussain Ahmad Hariduari selected as head of education department at Darul Uloom Deoband |website=Qindeel Online |date=29 March 2022 |access-date=15 April 2022 |language=ur |trans-title=Maulana Hussain Ahmad Hariduari selected as head of education department at Darul Uloom Deoband |archive-date=3 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241203232211/https://qindeelonline.com/maulana-husain-hariduari-selected-heaod-of-education-department-darul-uloom-deoband/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Bhaskar">{{cite web |date=8 April 2022 |title=देवबन्द दारुल उलूम में नए शिक्षा प्रभारी की नियुक्ति:मौलाना हुसैन अहमद हरिद्वारी बनाए गए नये शिक्षा प्रभारी |trans-title=Darul Uloom Deoband appoints new education in-charge |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/local/uttar-pradesh/saharanpur/deoband/news/maulana-hussain-ahmed-haridwari-was-made-the-new-education-in-charge-129577835.html |access-date=15 April 2022 |website=[[Dainik Bhaskar]] |language=hi}}</ref><ref name="Jagran">{{cite web |date=29 March 2022 |title=मौलाना हुसैन अहमद बने दारुल उलूम के नए शिक्षा प्रभारी |trans-title=Maulana Hussain Ahmed became the new education in-charge of Darul Uloom |url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/saharanpur-maulana-hussain-ahmed-became-the-new-education-incharge-of-darul-uloom-22582023.html |access-date=15 April 2022 |website=[[Dainik Jagran]] |language=hi}}</ref>

== Literary contributions ==
Gayavi has contributed to Islamic scholarship by editing and arranging classical texts in Arabic grammar and logic.<ref name="Millat"/> His work includes:

* ''Miftah al-Tahdhib'', an Urdu commentary on ''Tahdhib al-Mantiq'', a well-known text on logic authored by [[Saeed Ahmad Palanpuri]]. The commentary was originally compiled by Palanpuri's eldest son, Rashid Ahmad Palanpuri (1966–1995), and later edited and arranged by Gayavi.<ref name="Millat">{{cite web |last=Amini |first=Noor Alam |author-link=Noor Alam Khalil Amini |date=30 June 2020 |title=Shaykh al-Hadith wa Sadr Mudarris Darul Uloom Deoband Alam-e-Yagana Hazrat Mawlana Mufti Saeed Ahmad Palanpuri: Kuch Ta'asurat, Kuch Halat |trans-title=Shaykh al-Hadith and Senior Teacher of Darul Uloom Deoband, The Unique Scholar Hazrat Mawlana Mufti Saeed Ahmad Palanpuri: Some Impressions, Some Life Details |url=https://urdu.millattimes.com/archives/57944 |access-date=4 July 2025 |website=[[Millat Times]] |language=ur}}</ref>

* ''Miftah al-Awamal'', a revised edition of an Urdu commentary on ''Sharh Miʾat ʿAmil'' (a classical primer on Arabic grammar) originally authored by [[Syed Fakhruddin Ahmad]]. The work was revised by Saeed Ahmad Palanpuri and edited and arranged by Gayavi.<ref name="Millat"/>

He has also written a treatise titled ''Hayat al-Anbiya'' and authored various articles on Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), some of which were presented at academic seminars.<ref name="Asānīd"/>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gayavi, Khurshid Anwar}}
[[Category:1964 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian Islamic religious leaders]]
[[Category:Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Deobandis]]
[[Category:Darul Uloom Deoband alumni]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Darul Uloom Deoband]]
[[Category:People from Arwal district]]

Asuran (soundtrack)

2026-01-21T22:20:20Z

Diazonium: made new info

{{Short description|2019 soundtrack album by G. V. Prakash Kumar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox album
| name = Asuran
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = [[G. V. Prakash Kumar]]
| cover = Asuran Album Cover.jpg
| alt =
| released = 2 September 2019
| recorded = 2019
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = 28:20
| language = [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| label = [[Kalaipuli S. Dhanu|Kalaippuli Audio]] [[Divo (record label)|Divo]]
| producer = [[G. V. Prakash Kumar]]
| prev_title = [[100% Kadhal]]
| prev_year = 2019
| next_title = [[Soorarai Pottru (soundtrack)|Soorarai Pottru]]
| next_year = 2020
| misc = {{External media
| audio1 = {{YouTube|a76-pCjgUWQ|Audio Jukebox}}
}}
}}

'''''Asuran''''' ({{Translation|Demon}}) is the [[soundtrack album]] composed by [[G. V. Prakash Kumar]] for the 2019 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language film [[Asuran (2019 film)|of the same name]] written and directed by [[Vetrimaaran]], which stars [[Dhanush]] and [[Manju Warrier]]. The soundtrack album which had seven songs written by Ekadesi, [[Yugabharathi]], Eknath and [[Arunraja Kamaraj]], was consisted to be a mix of [[Folk music|raw folk]] elements with the approach of [[World music|international music]] and had begun production during March 2019 and completed within that August. The soundtrack album was launched on 2 September 2019, at [[Prasad Studios]] in [[Chennai]], with a simultaneous release through [[YouTube]] and digital platforms. The album received mostly positive reviews from critics and audience and fetched accolades at various ceremonies.

== Production ==
After collaborating with [[Santhosh Narayanan]] for ''[[Vada Chennai]]'', Vetrimaaran was reported to collaborate with G. V. Prakash Kumar for this film during the official announcement in December 2018.<ref name=":0" /> The same was reported when [[Dhanush]] recorded one of the songs for Kumar's ''[[Jail (2021 film)|Jail]]'', directed by [[Vasanthabalan]], and the former suggested his name to Vetrimaaran.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=26 December 2018 |title=Magical combo reunites for Dhanush's 'Asuran'? |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/dhanush-vetrimaaran-g-v-prakash-asuran-hollywood-news-226346 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210810143607/https://www.indiaglitz.com/dhanush-vetrimaaran-g-v-prakash-asuran-hollywood-news-226346 |archive-date=10 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=IndiaGlitz}}</ref> In January 2019, Vetrimaaran confirmed Prakash as the music director for the film, which was his third collaboration with the director after ''[[Polladhavan (2007 film)|Polladhavan]]'', ''[[Aadukalam]]'' and ''[[Visaranai]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 January 2019 |title=GV Prakash to compose music for Dhanush's 'Asuran' |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/gv-prakash-compose-music-dhanush-s-asuran-95533 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807121139/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/gv-prakash-compose-music-dhanush-s-asuran-95533 |archive-date=7 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[The News Minute]]}}</ref> The film further marked Dhanush's collaboration with Prakash Kumar, eight years since his fallout with the composer during the production of [[Selvaraghavan]]'s ''[[Mayakkam Enna]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 January 2019 |title=GV Prakash to compose music for Dhanush's Asuran |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/gv-prakash-to-compose-music-for-dhanush-asuran-5549073/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191205001314/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/tamil/gv-prakash-to-compose-music-for-dhanush-asuran-5549073/ |archive-date=5 December 2019 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref>

In March 2019, Prakash tweeted that he had started working on the compositions of the film, after completing the [[Suriya]]-starrer ''[[Soorarai Pottru (soundtrack)|Soorarai Pottru]]'' (2020), directed by [[Sudha Kongara]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 March 2019 |title=Asuran compositions in progress |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/asuran-compositions-in-progress/articleshow/68449735.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807122054/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/asuran-compositions-in-progress/articleshow/68449735.cms |archive-date=7 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Within the end of the month, he had completed working on two dance numbers of the film.<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 March 2019 |title=GV Prakash completes two songs in Asuran |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/gv-prakash-completes-two-songs-in-asuran/articleshow/68657158.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807121545/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/gv-prakash-completes-two-songs-in-asuran/articleshow/68657158.cms |archive-date=7 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=G.V. Prakash completes 2 dance numbers for Dhanush's Asuran |url=https://www.moviecrow.com/News/22827/gv-prakash-completes-2-dance-numbers-for-dhanushs-asuran |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807121140/https://www.moviecrow.com/News/22827/gv-prakash-completes-2-dance-numbers-for-dhanushs-asuran |archive-date=7 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=Moviecrow}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 April 2019 |title=GV Prakash on Kuppathu Raja, Suriya 38, and being appreciated by Ilaiyaraja, AR Rahman |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/gv-prakash-on-kuppathu-raja-suriya-38-and-being-appreciated-by-ilaiyaraja-ar-rahman-6408071.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210711081358/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/gv-prakash-on-kuppathu-raja-suriya-38-and-being-appreciated-by-ilaiyaraja-ar-rahman-6408071.html |archive-date=11 July 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[Firstpost]]}}</ref> In June 2019, Prakash Kumar composed a peppy number (which was later deciphered as "Polladha Bhoomi"), with Dhanush, along with [[Ken Karunas]] and Teejay, who played Dhanush's sons in the film.<ref name=":1" /> In July, another song from the film was recorded during the production stage, which was named "Kathari Poovazhagi".<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 July 2019 |title='Aadukalam' combo back in Dhanush's 'Asuran' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/aadukalam-combo-back-in-dhanushs-asuran/articleshow/70449528.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190823071653/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/aadukalam-combo-back-in-dhanushs-asuran/articleshow/70449528.cms |archive-date=23 August 2019 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=12 July 2019 |title=GV Prakash shares an important update on Dhanush's Asuran |url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-16/gv-prakash-shares-an-important-update-on-dhanushs-asuran.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200109005631/https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-16/gv-prakash-shares-an-important-update-on-dhanushs-asuran.html |archive-date=9 January 2020 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=Behindwoods}}</ref> The song was written by Ekadesi and crooned by [[Velmurugan]], with female vocals being accompanied by Rajalakshmi and Napolia. Both the singer and composer worked in the song "Otha Sollala" for the film ''Aadukalam'' also composed by Prakash.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 July 2019 |title=GV Prakash's shares an important update on Dhanush's Asuran |url=https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-16/gv-prakashs-shares-an-important-update-on-dhanushs-asuran.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807121139/https://www.behindwoods.com/tamil-movies-cinema-news-16/gv-prakashs-shares-an-important-update-on-dhanushs-asuran.html |archive-date=7 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=Behindwoods}}</ref><ref name="McQ8d" />

According to Prakash, the music of the film is dominated with raw folk and earthy elements, but the approach was international. He added that "the thought process was about mixing folk and world music; the voices will be folk, but the instrumentation will have an international flavor, like using an electric guitar with this raw folk. I have treated it like a [[Coke Studio (Indian TV program)|Coke Studio]] project and will be exciting for fans and listeners."<ref name="HaQjb" />

== Release ==
The official track list of the film featured seven songs in the film, while composer G. V. Prakash initially revealed that there are four songs in the album.<ref name=":1" /> The album eventually had a reprised and an alternate version of a tune he had composed. On the occasion of [[Ganesh Chaturthi]] (2 September 2019), the makers unveiled the soundtrack album at a launch event held in [[Prasad Studios]], [[Chennai]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 September 2019 |title=Dhanush, Vetri Maaran & Manju Warrier at the audio launch of Asuran |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/dhanush-vetri-maaran-manju-warrier-get-snapped-audio-launch-their-upcoming-film-asuran-see-pics-470383?amp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200719192831/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/dhanush-vetri-maaran-manju-warrier-get-snapped-audio-launch-their-upcoming-film-asuran-see-pics-470383?amp |archive-date=19 July 2020 |access-date=19 July 2020 |website=[[Pinkvilla]]}}</ref> The event saw the attendance of the cast members, [[Dhanush]], [[Manju Warrier]], [[Ammu Abirami]], [[Ken Karunas]], singer-turned-actor Teejay Arunachalam director [[Vetrimaaran]], composer [[G. V. Prakash Kumar]], and producer [[S. Thanu]] amongst other press and media.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 September 2019 |title=Asuran audio launched |url=https://www.sify.com/movies/asuran-audio-launched-imagegallery-kollywood-ti3kCsedfeeci.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302175945/https://www.sify.com/movies/asuran-audio-launched-imagegallery-kollywood-ti3kCsedfeeci.html |archive-date=2 March 2020 |access-date=19 July 2020 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=S |first=Srivatsan |date=29 August 2019 |title=I was disappointed: Dhanush reacts to Vada Chennai's National Awards snub at Asuran launch |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/what-happened-at-asuran-audio-launch/article29286740.ece |url-status=live |access-date=7 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210210093411/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/what-happened-at-asuran-audio-launch/article29286740.ece |archive-date=10 February 2021}}</ref> In addition to the soundtrack release, the album was unveiled on streaming platform [[Gaana (music streaming service)|Gaana]] and in [[YouTube]], the same day.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kalaippuli S. Thanu |author-link=Kalaipuli S. Thanu |date=2 September 2019 |title=Asuran – Official Jukebox {{!}} Dhanush {{!}} Vetri Maaran {{!}} G. V. Prakash Kumar {{!}} Kalaippuli S Thanu |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a76-pCjgUWQ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103143816/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a76-pCjgUWQ&feature=youtu.be |archive-date=3 November 2019 |access-date=23 November 2019 |via=YouTube}}</ref> The track "Polladha Bhoomi" was not featured in the film.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 June 2019 |title=After eight years, Dhanush sings in GV Prakash's music! |url=https://www.sify.com/movies/after-eight-years-dhanush-sings-in-gv-prakash’s-music-news-tamil-tgzj8gijjbjej.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210810143609/https://www.sify.com/movies/after-eight-years-dhanush-sings-in-gv-prakash%E2%80%99s-music-news-tamil-tgzj8gijjbjej.html |archive-date=10 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref>

== Reception ==
The film's music, including the background score, received positive responses from both audiences as well as critics, with songs "Kathari Poovazhagi", "Yen Minukki" and "Ellu Vaya Pookalaye" topped the charts and received the most consumer response, benefiting to the success of the film.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2020 |title=Tracing how music is still a big commercial pull in Tamil cinema |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/tracing-how-music-is-still-a-big-commercial-pull-in-tamil-cinema-with-films-like-asuran-comali-benefiting-from-hit-songs-7916241.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721005735/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/tracing-how-music-is-still-a-big-commercial-pull-in-tamil-cinema-with-films-like-asuran-comali-benefiting-from-hit-songs-7916241.html |archive-date=21 July 2020 |access-date=19 July 2020 |website=[[Firstpost]]}}</ref> A reviewer from ''Moviecrow'' rated 3.5 out of 5 to the soundtrack stating "Vetri Maaran's, Asuran's soundtrack composed by G. V. Prakash, is intense, cinematic and drives the listener to witness the rawness of the lands and times where the story is set in!"<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 October 2019 |title=Asuran Songs – Music Review |url=https://www.moviecrow.com/News/24642/asuran-songs---music-review/amp |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200719122702/https://www.moviecrow.com/News/24642/asuran-songs---music-review/amp |archive-date=19 July 2020 |access-date=19 July 2020 |website=Moviecrow}}</ref> Siddharth K of ''[[Sify]]'' added that "The album was rustic tonally and added so much depth to the raw nature of the film".<ref name=":2" /> Film websites like ''Sify'' and ''A Humming Heart'' listed the albums in the first position,<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Natarajan |first=Nagarajan |date=10 January 2020 |title=Top 15 Tamil Film Music of 2019 |url=https://ahummingheart.com/lists/yearly-lists/2019/top-15-tamil-film-albums-of-2019/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807121144/https://ahummingheart.com/lists/yearly-lists/2019/top-15-tamil-film-albums-of-2019/ |archive-date=7 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=A Humming Heart}}</ref> and the song "Kathari Poovazhagi" was listed in the ''Top 15 Tamil Songs of 2019'' by ''[[The Times of India]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 December 2019 |title=Top 15 Tamil songs of 2019 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/top-15-tamil-songs-of-2019/photostory/73025507.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210719181024/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/top-15-tamil-songs-of-2019/photostory/73025507.cms |archive-date=19 July 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

== Track listing ==
{{Track listing
| extra_column = Singer (s)
| title1 = Kathari Poovazhagi
| extra1 = [[Velmurugan]], Rajalakshmi, Napolia
| length1 = 3:45
| lyrics1 = Ekadesi
| title2 = Polladha Bhoomi
| extra2 = [[Dhanush]], [[G. V. Prakash Kumar]], [[Ken Karunas]], Teejay Arunachalam
| lyrics2 = [[Yugabharathi]]
| length2 = 3:58
| extra3 = [[Chinmayi Sripada|Chinmayi]], [[Teejay Arunasalam]]
| title3 = Yen Minukki
| lyrics3 = Eknath
| length3 = 4:32
| title4 = Blood Bath
| extra4 = [[Arunraja Kamaraj]]
| lyrics4 = [[Arunraja Kamaraj]]
| length4 = 4:02
| title5 = Ellu Vaya Pookalaye
| length5 = 5.58
| title6 = Yen Minukki
| title7 = Kannazhagu Raththinamey
| length7 = 1:38
| extra6 = Chinmayi, G. V. Prakash Kumar
| extra5 = [[Saindhavi]]
| lyrics5 = Yugabharathi
| lyrics7 = Yugabharathi
| extra7 = Dhanush
| lyrics6 = Eknath
| length6 = 4:32
| note6 = Reprise
| total_length = 28:20
}}

== Background score ==
G. V. Prakash Kumar started composing for the background score for ''Asuran'' during August 2019,<ref name="McQ8d" /> and was completed within eight days.<ref name="HaQjb" /> His work in the background score was praised by the critics and audiences, along with the audio engineer [[T. Uday Kumar|T. Udayakumar]], who worked on the final mix for the score.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kumar |first=Pradeep |date=9 November 2019 |title=How sound brought 'Asuran' to life |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/how-sound-brought-asuran-to-life/article29930635.ece |url-status=live |access-date=7 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807121135/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/how-sound-brought-asuran-to-life/article29930635.ece |archive-date=7 August 2021}}</ref> The [[original soundtrack]] was released on 16 November 2019, for [[music streaming]] and [[Music download|download]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 November 2019 |title=Asuran's OST releasing on 16 November |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/asurans-ost-releasing-on-november-16/articleshow/72223007.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210810143610/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/asurans-ost-releasing-on-november-28/articleshow/72223007.cms? |archive-date=10 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=29 November 2019 |title=Asuran Original Sound Track (OST) |url=https://www.moviecrow.com/News/25200/asuran-bgm-original-sound-track-ost-dhanush-gv-prakash |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807122639/https://www.moviecrow.com/News/25200/asuran-bgm-original-sound-track-ost-dhanush-gv-prakash |archive-date=7 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=Moviecrow}}</ref>

Indiaglitz said that "GV Prakash's background score elevates many sequences, and builds the momentum in tense episodes".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Asuran Music review songs lyrics |url=https://www.indiaglitz.com/asuran-songs-review-tamil-movie-22616 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807121135/https://www.indiaglitz.com/asuran-songs-review-tamil-movie-22616 |archive-date=7 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=IndiaGlitz.com}}</ref> A critic from ''[[Sify]]'' too wrote that "the BGM haunts you even after you leave the hall".<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 October 2019 |title=Asuran review: Solid in both, its craft and storytelling! |url=https://www.sify.com/movies/asuran-review-solid-in-both-its-craft-and-storytelling-review-tamil-tkeodvgeibdjc.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210810143615/https://www.sify.com/movies/asuran-review-solid-in-both-its-craft-and-storytelling-review-tamil-tkeodvgeibdjc.html |archive-date=10 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref> Sreedhar Pillai wrote for ''[[Firstpost]]'' that Prakash's score is "one of his best works in recent times" and "perfect as per the mood of the film".<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 October 2019 |title=Asuran movie review: Dhanush, Manju Warrier deliver intense performances in Vetrimaran's riveting drama |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/asuran-movie-review-dhanush-manju-warrier-deliver-intense-performances-in-vetrimarans-riveting-drama-7451241.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731090220/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/asuran-movie-review-dhanush-manju-warrier-deliver-intense-performances-in-vetrimarans-riveting-drama-7451241.html |archive-date=31 July 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[Firstpost]]}}</ref> Bharath Vijayakumar of ''Moviecrow'' stated that "Prakash Kumar's intense score keeps your adrenaline pumping".<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 October 2019 |title=Asuran Review – An intense and violent revenge drama that reiterates a very pertinent message! |url=https://www.moviecrow.com/News/24644/asuran-review |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807121137/https://www.moviecrow.com/News/24644/asuran-review |archive-date=7 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=Moviecrow}}</ref> In the film review for ''[[The News Minute]]'', critic [[Sowmya Rajendran]] wrote that "GV Prakash's rousing background score makes the sequences all the more impressive".<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 October 2019 |title='Asuran' review: Dhanush-Vetrimaaran's film is a dark tale on caste violence |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/asuran-review-dhanush-vetrimaaran-s-film-dark-tale-caste-violence-109977 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807121135/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/asuran-review-dhanush-vetrimaaran-s-film-dark-tale-caste-violence-109977 |archive-date=7 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[The News Minute]]}}</ref>

== Awards and nominations ==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
!Award{{efn|Awards, festivals and organizations are in alphabetical order.}}
!Date of ceremony{{efn|Date is linked to the article about the awards held that year, wherever possible.}}
!Category
!Recipient(s) and nominee(s)
!Result
!Ref.
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |[[Ananda Vikatan Cinema Awards]]
| rowspan="2" |[[13th Ananda Vikatan Cinema Awards|11 January 2020]]
|Best Female Playback Singer
|[[Saindhavi]] for "Ellu Vaya Pookalaye"
|{{won}}
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2020 |title=Vikatan Awards 2019: Taapsee Pannu wins 'Best Actor' for Game Over, shares surreal moment with Dhanush and Vetrimaaran |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/bollywood/vikatan-awards-2019-taapsee-pannu-wins-best-actor-game-shares-surreal-moment-dhanush-vetrimaaran-1502844173.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210209053304/https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/bollywood/vikatan-awards-2019-taapsee-pannu-wins-best-actor-game-shares-surreal-moment-dhanush-vetrimaaran-1502844173.html |archive-date=9 February 2021 |access-date=12 January 2020 |website=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]]}}</ref>
|-
|Best Lyricist
|[[Yugabharathi]] for "Ellu Vaya Pookalaye"
|{{won}}
|-
! scope="row" |[[Norway Tamil Film Festival Awards]]
|15 January 2020
|Best Female Playback Singer
|[[Saindhavi]] for "Ellu Vaya Pookalaye"
|{{won}}
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 January 2020 |title=11th NTFF 2020 – Winners list of Awardees – Tamilar Viruthu – Tamil Nadu |url=https://ntff.no/11th-ntff-2020-winners-list-of-awardees-tamilar-viruthu-tamil-nadu/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026071804/https://ntff.no/11th-ntff-2020-winners-list-of-awardees-tamilar-viruthu-tamil-nadu/ |archive-date=26 October 2020 |access-date=15 January 2020 |website=[[Norway Tamil Film Festival Awards]]}}</ref>
|-
! scope="row" |Osaka Tamil International Film Festival Awards
|31 March 2021
|Best Music Director
| rowspan="2" |[[G. V. Prakash Kumar]]
|{{won}}
| style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 March 2021 |title=Osaka Tamil International Film Festival awards announced |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/osaka-tamil-international-film-festival-awards-announced/articleshow/81745925.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210729085737/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/osaka-tamil-international-film-festival-awards-announced/articleshow/81745925.cms |archive-date=29 July 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|-
! rowspan="4" scope="row" |[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]
| rowspan="4" |[[9th South Indian International Movie Awards|18 September 2021]]
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Music Director – Tamil|Best Music Director – Tamil]]
|{{nom}}
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web|date=28 August 2021|title=Dhanush, Manju Warrier, Chetan Kumar, others: SIIMA Awards announces nominees|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/dhanush-manju-warrier-chetan-kumar-others-siima-awards-announces-nominees-154502|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210830151926/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/dhanush-manju-warrier-chetan-kumar-others-siima-awards-announces-nominees-154502|archive-date=30 August 2021|access-date=21 September 2021|website=[[The News Minute]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|last=Radhakrishnan|first=Manjusha|date=19 September 2021|title=SIIMA 2021: The big winners from the South Indian movie awards night|url=https://gulfnews.com/entertainment/south-indian/siima-2021-the-big-winners-from-the-south-indian-movie-awards-night-1.1632033334078|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920113804/https://gulfnews.com/entertainment/south-indian/siima-2021-the-big-winners-from-the-south-indian-movie-awards-night-1.1632033334078|archive-date=20 September 2021|access-date=21 September 2021|website=[[Gulf News]]}}</ref>
|-
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Lyricist – Tamil|Best Lyricist – Tamil]]
|[[Yugabharathi]] for "Ellu Vaya Pookalaye"
|{{nom}}
|-
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Male Playback Singer – Tamil|Best Male Playback Singer – Tamil]]
|[[Velmurugan]] for "Kathari Poovazhagi"
|{{nom}}
|-
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Tamil|Best Female Playback Singer – Tamil]]
|[[Saindhavi]] for "Ellu Vaya Pookalaye"
|{{won}}
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |[[Zee Cine Awards Tamil]]
| rowspan="2" |4 January 2020
|Best Background Score
|[[G. V. Prakash Kumar]]
|{{won}}
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 January 2020 |title=Zee Cine Awards Tamil 2020 winners list: Ajith, Kamal Haasan, Dhanush won these honours |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/zee-cine-awards-tamil-2020-winners-list-ajith-kamal-haasan-dhanush-won-these-honours-811280 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525004659/https://www.ibtimes.co.in/zee-cine-awards-tamil-2020-winners-list-ajith-kamal-haasan-dhanush-won-these-honours-811280 |archive-date=25 May 2021 |access-date=5 January 2020 |website=[[International Business Times]]}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |date=5 January 2020 |title=Zee Cine Awards Tamil 2020: Dhanush bags Best Actor award, 'Pernabu' wins Best Film |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/zee-cine-awards-tamil-2020-dhanush-bags-best-actor-award-pernabu-wins-best-film-115399 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210730123844/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/zee-cine-awards-tamil-2020-dhanush-bags-best-actor-award-peranbu-wins-best-film-115399 |archive-date=30 July 2021 |access-date=5 January 2020 |website=[[The News Minute]]}}</ref>
|-
|Best Female Playback Singer
|[[Saindhavi]] for "Ellu Vaya Pookalaye"
|{{nom}}
|}

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
<references>

<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=25 December 2018 |title=GV Prakash in talks to compose music for 'Asuran'! |url=https://www.sify.com/movies/gv-prakash-in-talks-to-compose-music-for-asuran-news-tamil-smzkQ9eggbcfh.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807121135/https://www.sify.com/movies/gv-prakash-in-talks-to-compose-music-for-asuran-news-tamil-smzkQ9eggbcfh.html |archive-date=7 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref>
<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=24 June 2019 |title=Dhanush croons a song in GV Prakash's music in 'Asuran' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/dhanush-croons-a-song-in-gv-prakashs-music-in-asuran/articleshow/69926638.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807121525/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/dhanush-croons-a-song-in-gv-prakashs-music-in-asuran/articleshow/69926638.cms |archive-date=7 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Analysis: Top Albums of 2019 |url=https://www.sify.com/movies/analysis-top-albums-of-2019-news-tamil-tm5mNEgfeajjf.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205061822/https://www.sify.com/movies/analysis-top-albums-of-2019-news-tamil-tm5mNEgfeajjf.html |archive-date=5 February 2020 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[Sify]]}}</ref>
<ref name="McQ8d">{{Cite web |date=12 August 2019 |title=GV Prakash begins work on background music of Asuran |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/gv-prakash-begins-work-on-background-music-of-asuran/articleshow/70644535.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210807121543/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/gv-prakash-begins-work-on-background-music-of-asuran/articleshow/70644535.cms |archive-date=7 August 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
<ref name="HaQjb">{{Cite web |date=27 July 2021 |title=Did you know, the blazing 'Asuran' background music was scored in just 8 days? |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/did-you-know/did-you-know-the-blazing-asuran-background-music-was-scored-in-just-8-days/articleshow/84788882.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727100730/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/did-you-know/did-you-know-the-blazing-asuran-background-music-was-scored-in-just-8-days/articleshow/84788882.cms |archive-date=27 July 2021 |access-date=7 August 2021 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

</references>

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|qid=Q60738331|title=Asuran (soundtrack)}}
{{G. V. Prakash Kumar}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:2019 soundtrack albums]]
[[Category:2010s film soundtrack albums]]
[[Category:Drama film soundtracks]]
[[Category:Tamil film soundtracks]]
[[Category:G. V. Prakash Kumar soundtracks]]

Cox & Kings

2026-01-19T08:37:53Z

Diazonium:

{{Short description|Indian travel and holiday company}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}

'''Cox & Kings''' (formerly known as '''Cox & Kings Ltd.''') was established in 1758 and is one of the longest-established travel brands. In 2019, the UK business of Cox & Kings, along with the rights worldwide excluding India, was acquired by Abercrombie & Kent following insolvency proceedings.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ltd |first=Jacobs Media Group |title=Abercrombie & Kent acquires Cox & Kings |url=https://travelweekly.co.uk/articles/351526/abercrombie-kent-acquires-cox-kings |access-date=2025-02-17 |website=Travel Weekly |language=en}}</ref> In May 2024, the rights to the Indian entity were acquired by Singapore-based private equity firm Wilson & Hughes through an insolvency process overseen by the National Company Law Tribunal.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bhutia |first=Peden Doma |date=2024-11-12 |title=Cox & Kings' India Brand Returns Under New Owner |url=https://skift.com/2024/11/12/cox-kings-india-brand-returns-under-new-owner/ |access-date=2025-02-17 |website=Skift |language=en-US}}</ref>

== The Years Preceding 2019 ==
Historically, Cox and Kings Ltd. was an army agent, travel agent, a printer and a publisher. It has also worked as a newsagent, cargo agent, ship-owner, [[banker]], insurance agent, and dealer of several travel-related activities. Its core activities now include the sale of packaged holidays.

In the United Kingdom, Cox & Kings was acquired out of administration by Abercrombie & Kent which continues to operate the brand under its ownership.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ltd |first=Jacobs Media Group |title=Abercrombie & Kent acquires Cox & Kings |url=http://travelweekly.co.uk/articles/351526/abercrombie-kent-acquires-cox-kings |access-date=2023-10-24 |website=Travel Weekly |language=en}}</ref>

In India, Cox & Kings Ltd. was declared bankrupt in 2020 and underwent insolvency proceedings under the Indian Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code. In May 2024, Singapore-based private equity firm Wilson and Hughes Pte, led by Karan Agarwal, acquired Cox & Kings India. The acquisition included over 200 sub-brands, such as Luxury Escapades, Duniya Dekho, Bharat Dekho, Bhakti Yatra, Holiday 365, and Tour to Feast.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wilson and Hughes acquires Cox & Kings India |url=https://www.livemint.com/industry/news/wilson-hughes-acquires-cox-kings-india-in-strategic-deal-11682849829245.html |access-date=2024-12-06 |website=Mint |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Cox & Kings revived under new ownership by Wilson and Hughes |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/cox-kings-revived-under-new-ownership-by-wilson-and-hughes/articleshow/100530928.cms |access-date=2024-12-06 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

==History==

===Richard Cox, the founder===
[[File: Richard cox.jpg|thumb|Richard Cox founder of Cox & Kings]]

Cox was born in [[Yorkshire]] in 1718. His father had made a good living as a lawyer and had moved from his birthplace in [[Clent]] in Worcestershire to [[Yorkshire]]. He then bought an estate near Quarley in [[Hampshire]]. Richard Cox came into the service of a General, [[John Ligonier, 1st Earl Ligonier|Lord Ligonier]], as a clerk in the early 1740s. In 1747 he married Caroline Codrington, daughter of Sir William Codrington.

Cox's career took off when Lord Ligonier led the [[Flanders]] campaigns of the [[War of the Austrian Succession]]. In one letter sent back to London, Richard Cox made a demand that "suitable winter provisions and housing should be made available for the three English companies" and he became entwined with logistics and the general welfare of the troops. Ligonier made Cox his private secretary in the late 1740s, went on to become the colonel of the [[Foot Guards|First Foot Guards (Grenadier Guards)]] in 1757, and rewarded Cox with the post of "military agent" after the incumbent died in May 1758. Thus was born Cox & Co.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.coxandkings.com/about-us/index.shtml|title=Cox & Kings {{!}} Over 250 Years of Discovery|website=www.coxandkings.com|access-date=2017-05-12}}</ref>

There were about a dozen main agents working for the army at that time and each regimental colonel chose one to serve their troops. These agents arranged the payment of officers and men, organized the provision of clothing, acted as intermediaries for the buying and selling of officers' commissions and acted on any special requests from the regimental [[adjutant]]. Duties ranged from the shipment of personal effects to the requisition of weapons or supplies. Cox had taken on the most prestigious infantry regiment, and the 63rd Regiment and the [[Royal Artillery]] soon followed.

In 1765 Cox went into partnership with Henry Drummond, whose family ran [[Drummond's Bank|the London bank]]. Cox & Drummond moved from Cox's house in [[Albemarle Street]] to [[Craig's Court]], just off what is now [[Whitehall]]. By the mid-1760s Cox & Drummond had blossomed to become agents for the Dragoons and eight more Infantry regiments. Success was built on the company's reputation for keen attention to the welfare of its regiments. In 1763, for instance, when [[Robert Clive]] stormed the [[Vijaydurg Fort|fortress of Gheria]] in India, Cox successfully negotiated with the [[British East India Company|East India Company]] who had "borrowed" stores from Cox's clients, the Royal Artillery. He arranged to receive repayment from the East India Company by way of plunder from Gheria. He had this converted into silver in India and shipped back to London where the funds were returned to the Royal Artillery.

Back home, Cox's house on Albemarle Street (opposite the present-day [[The Ritz London Hotel|Ritz Hotel]]) was known for its parties. In addition, he was a patron of the arts, being acquainted with [[David Garrick]] and other notable actors of the time, and was a founding financial investor in the rebuilding of the [[Theatre Royal, Drury Lane|Theatre Royal]] in [[Drury Lane]]. He was also a generous benefactor to St George's Hospital on [[Hyde Park Corner]] (now the Lanesborough Hotel). The records of the family estate at Quarley show that Cox spent over £3,000 per annum running it, much of it lavished on his wife.

By 1768, Cox & Drummond were flourishing, with a turnover of £345,000 per annum. During the 1770s the company continued to grow, aided by [[American Revolutionary War|war in the American Colonies]] and the [[Napoleon|threat of invasion from France]]. Cox repeated his good fortune with business partners, taking in Mr Mair upon Drummond's death in 1772, followed by his own son Richard Bethell Cox in 1779 and then Mr Greenwood in 1783. It was during this time that the company expanded its banking interests, offering loans and accounts to exclusive members of London's elite. [[Frederick, Duke of York]], introduced Cox's business partner Greenwood to his father [[George III]], as "Mr Greenwood, the gentlemen who keep my money". Greenwood replied rather cheekily that, "I think it is rather his Royal Highness who keeps my money", to which George III burst out in laughter and said, "Do you hear that Frederick? Do you hear that? You are the gentleman who keeps Mr Greenwood's money!"

The company was thriving by the time of the outbreak of war with France in 1793, employing some 35 clerks. In 1795 they served 14 regiments of cavalry, 64 infantry regiments, and 17 militia regiments, becoming the largest military agent for the army. Richard Cox died in August 1803, leaving his grandson Richard Henry Cox firmly established, with Greenwood as a controlling partner.

=== 19th century onwards===
Cox & Co grew through the 18th and 19th centuries. Timely alliances with the great banking families such as the Hammerlseys and Greenwoods secured an established position in London, and by the end of the 19th century, most regiments used Cox & Co as their agents. As the empire grew, Cox & Co met the demand for officers to be looked after. The company set up five branches in India between 1905 and 1911.

At the start of [[World War I]], Cox & Co employed some 180 staff, of which one third joined the army. During the war some 250,000 men were on their books, 50,000 cheques were cleared a day and a special department was set up to deal with the influx of American soldiers in 1917. By the end of the war, some 4,500 people worked for the firm. Cox & Co suffered a downturn in business as a result of the end of the war in 1918.

After the war, Cox & Co. expanded to [[Alexandria]] and [[Egypt]] (1919 and 1920) and [[Rangoon]] (1921). In October 1922, Cox & Co bought [[Sir Henry King, 1st Baronet|Henry S. King Bank]], which had a large network of branches in India. They also moved into new offices in [[Pall Mall, London|Pall Mall]]. However, in 1923, still suffering from the 1918 downturn, Cox & Kings was forced to sell to [[Lloyds Bank (historic)|Lloyds Bank]].

During the 1930s, Lloyds sold its Indian interests to [[Grindlays Bank]], who also took the travel and shipping agencies, which continued to flourish in India.

===Recent history===
The company was incorporated in India as the "Eastern Carrying Company" on 7 June 1939, under the Indian Companies Act, VII of 1913. The name of the company was changed to "Cox & Kings (India) Ltd." on 23 February 1950, after the introduction of Companies Act 1956.<ref name="report">{{cite web |url=http://www.coxandkings.com/downloads/investor-relations/cox-and-kings-annual-report-2015.pdf|title=Poised for future growth: 75th Annual report 2014-15|publisher=Cox & Kings}}</ref>

In the year 1970, Cox & Kings Ltd. centred the Grindlays Group pursuant to the acquisition of Cox & Kings (Holdings) Ltd. by National and Grindlays Bank Ltd and increased its focus on the business of travel and tourism. In the 1970s, a change in British banking regulations required Grindlays to sell its non-banking interests, and a partnership between Ajit Kerkar and Anthony Good bought Cox & Kings, which at the time was mainly India-based. Cox & Kings Ltd. got listed and completed a $110 million IPO in December 2009. A GDR float of $65 million was issued in August 2010. The overseas stocks were also listed on the Luxemburg Stock Exchange. The company completed its QIP of $160 million in November 2014.

In 1980, Grindlays divested its non-banking activities because of governmental regulations. This business interest in the travel business was bought by ABM Good and John Norman Romney Barber from Grindlays by acquiring Cox & kings (Holdings) Ltd. Cox & Kings Ltd., under its present ownership, as it continued to function as a specialised Tour operator. It also branched out into special interest holidays for artists, botanists and natural historians. In 1980, [[Reserve Bank of India]] vide its letter dated 14 May 1980, permitted Cox & Kings (Agents) Ltd., a new company incorporated in the [[United Kingdom]], to transfer the business operations of its branch offices in Bombay (now [[Mumbai]]) and [[New Delhi]] to Cox & Kings (India) Ltd. Cox & Kings (Agents) Ltd. continued with the business from its head office in London. In consideration of the transfer of the business, Cox & Kings (India) Ltd. issued its shares to Cox & Kings (Agents) Ltd. As a condition of Indianisation imposed by the Reserve Bank of India, Cox & Kings (India) Ltd issued and allotted 60% of the shares to Resident Indians and Staff Gratuity Trust Fund.

Cox & Kings opened a USA office in June 1988 in [[New York, NY]], then moved the USA office to [[Tampa, Florida]].

Cox & Kings Travel Ltd., UK, a wholly owned subsidiary of Cox & Kings (UK) Ltd., is an outbound specialist tour operator and caters to the leisure travel market in Europe. Cox & Kings Ltd. (UK) holds 100% of Cox & Kings Travel Ltd. The latter is a dedicated wholesaler of products and services to other tour operators. It also offers ground handling capabilities in select geographies. Cox & Kings Travel Ltd. also holds 100% of East India Travel Company, Inc., a US-based subsidiary of the company. East India Travel Company, Inc. is in the business of selling upmarket tour and travel packages in the US.

In August 2009, Cox & Kings USA came under the umbrella brand of East India Travel Company, a subsidiary of Cox & Kings Ltd, the global parent company. In October 2010, Cox & Kings USA was rebranded Cox & Kings, The Americas, and became responsible for all sales in North and South America. Cox & Kings, The Americas relocated from Tampa to [[Los Angeles, California]] in May 2011.{{Citation needed|date=March 2020}}

In January 2010, Cox & Kings acquired Tempo Holidays, a wholesale travel company based in [[Melbourne, Australia]] for an undisclosed sum, rumoured to be in the vicinity of US$25 million, and trades under that brand.<ref>TravelBizMonitor. 11-July-2008. [http://www.travelbizmonitor.com/cox-and-kings-to-acquire-tempo-holidays-in-australia Cox and Kings to acquire Tempo Holidays in Australia]</ref> In January 2010, it also acquired Bentours (based in [[Sydney, Australia]]) from the German giant [[TUI Travel]]. Bentours also continues to trade under its brand name.<ref>http://www.tour-to-india.com. 11-January-2010. [https://web.archive.org/web/20070828112229/http://www.tour-to-india.com/ Tour to India]</ref>

In 2014, Cox & Kings group sold Camping unit for GBP 89 million. On 2 June 2014, Cox & Kings announced the sale of the camping division of its subsidiary [[Holidaybreak]], to France's Homair Vacances, for 892 crores.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cox & Kings Sells Unit For '892 Cr|url=http://www.btvin.com/videos/watch/7372/cox-&-kings-sells-unit-for-%60892-cr|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140720103920/http://www.btvin.com/videos/watch/7372/cox-&-kings-sells-unit-for-%60892-cr|url-status=usurped|archive-date=20 July 2014|publisher=[[Bloomberg TV India]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Cox & Kings Sells Camping Division for over Rs. 880 Crore|url=http://profit.ndtv.com/news/corporates/article-cox-kings-sells-camping-division-for-over-rs-880-crore-390202|publisher=[[NDTV Profit]]}}</ref>

In October 2015, Cox & Kings Group acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of [[LateRooms|LateRooms Ltd]] (UK) ("LateRooms") for GBP 8.5 million.

LateRooms is an online hotel booking specialist in the UK. It offers a range of accommodation options with over 54,800 properties globally, which can be booked up to a year in advance.

In December 2015, it also sold 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of Explore Worldwide Limited for GBP 25.8 million to Hotelplan UK Group.

In March 2016, it sold 100% of LateRooms to Enterprises UK Ltd. ("Malvern") for GBP 20 million. Cox & Kings' 65.58%-owned subsidiary, [[Holidaybreak|Holidaybreak Ltd.]], sold 100% of its Superbreak business to Malvern for a net consideration of GBP 9.25 million.<ref name="report"/>

In December 2019, Abercrombie & Kent, a luxury travel company headquartered in Illinois, United States, acquired the UK operations of Cox & Kings. This acquisition was intended to bolster Abercrombie & Kent's presence in the luxury travel market by leveraging the strong trade partnerships and client base of both entities.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Abercrombie & Kent acquires Cox & Kings UK |url=https://www.tourismbreakingnews.com/abercrombie-kent-acquires-cox-kings-uk/ |date=2019-12-06 |access-date=2024-12-06 |website=Tourism Breaking News}}</ref>

In August 2019, Cox & Kings stated that it would be unable to declare its financial results for the first quarter of the year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/cox-kings-to-delay-june-quarter-results/article29029034.ece|title=Cox & Kings unable to declare Q1 results|website=@businessline|date=12 August 2019 |language=en|access-date=2019-08-19}}</ref> This announcement came following news of a liquidity crunch being faced by the company, beginning with loan defaults on commercial papers, which then led to a sharp decline in the company's stock.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/travel/ebix-makemytrip-in-race-for-cox-kings/articleshow/70528950.cms|title=Ebix, MakeMyTrip in race for Cox & Kings|last=Kumar|first=Arun|date=2019-08-05|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2019-08-19}}</ref>

In December 2019, Cox & Kings was acquired by Abercrombie & Kent.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ltd |first=Jacobs Media Group |title=Abercrombie & Kent acquires Cox & Kings |url=http://travelweekly.co.uk/articles/351526/abercrombie-kent-acquires-cox-kings |access-date=2023-10-24 |website=Travel Weekly |language=en}}</ref>

In May 2024, Wilson and Hughes Pte, a Singapore-based private equity firm, acquired the rights to Cox & Kings India out of insolvency. The acquisition included over 200 sub-brands, such as Luxury Escapades, Duniya Dekho, Bharat Dekho, Bhakti Yatra, Holiday 365, and Tour to Feast<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wilson and Hughes acquires Cox & Kings India, including 200+ sub-brands |url=https://www.livemint.com/industry/news/wilson-hughes-acquires-cox-kings-india-in-strategic-deal-11682849829245.html |access-date=2024-12-06 |website=Mint |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Cox & Kings revived under new ownership by Wilson and Hughes, 200+ brands acquired |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/cox-kings-revived-under-new-ownership-by-wilson-and-hughes/articleshow/100530928.cms |access-date=2024-12-06 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>
Following the acquisition, Karan Agarwal was appointed Director of Cox & Kings India. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ramalingam Subramanian appointed President of Cox & Kings India |url=https://www.livemint.com/industry/ramalingam-subramanian-appointed-president-cox-kings-india-11682840202078.html |access-date=2024-12-06 |website=Mint |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ram Subramanian takes charge as President of Cox & Kings India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/ram-subramanian-appointed-president-of-cox-kings-india/articleshow/100532345.cms |access-date=2024-12-06 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>
==See also==
*[[Holt's Military Banking]]

==References==

{{Reflist|30em}}

==Sources==
* {{ODNBweb|id=45706|title=Cox, Richard|first=John|last=Booker}}
* Lloyds Bank Pamphlet (1990),'' Cox's & King's: The Evolution of a Military Tradition''
* Lloyds TSB Archives. Cox & Co 1758 to 1922 – an excellent selection of company records, the private papers of Richard Cox and partners. Details [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/nra/searches/subjectView.asp?ID=B13307]
* Sumit Gairola (2015) "Travel Happiness" & "Uttarakhand Tourism" ''Cox & Kings Travel Compass Magazine''
* [[Leslie Pressnell]] and John Orbell (1985), ''Guide to the Historical Records of British Banking''

== External links ==
* [http://www.coxandkings.com/ Cox & Kings India]
* [http://www.coxandkings.co.uk/ Cox & Kings UK]
* [http://www.coxandkingsusa.com/ Cox & Kings, The Americas]
* [http://www.coxandkings.com.au/index.html Cox & Kings Australia]

{{Tourism in the United Kingdom}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cox and Kings}}
[[Category:Travel and holiday companies of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Travel and holiday companies of India]]
[[Category:Companies based in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Companies formerly listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies formerly listed on the National Stock Exchange of India]]
[[Category:Companies established in 1758]]
[[Category:Indian companies established in 1939]]

Maraj

2026-01-15T09:09:19Z

Diazonium:

{{wikt|Maraj}}
'''Maraj''', '''Maharaj''', '''Maharajh''', '''Maragh''', or '''Maharagh''' is a [[Hindu]] [[Indian people|Indian]] [[surname]] derived from the Sanskrit word [[Maharaja]] meaning "great leader", "great ruler", or "great king". Originally used as an honorific suffix to a [[Hindu priest]]'s name, it became the surname of many Hindu priests who immigrated to different European colonies during the [[Indian indenture system]] and their descendants because when stating their names to the respective local colonial authorities they would state their whole name and many would include the honorific suffix of Maharaj, which the authorities erroneously documented as their surname. Notable individuals bearing the surname include:

*[[Badri Maharaj]], an [[Indo-Fijian]] politician
* [[Bhadase Maraj|Bhadase Sagan Maraj]] (1919–1971), an [[Indo-Trinidadian and Tobagonian|Indo-Trinidadian]] politician, [[Hindu]] religious leader, founder of the [[Sanatan Dharma Maha Sabha]], wrestler, author, and businessman
*[[Davan Maharaj]], an [[Indo-Caribbean Americans|Indo-Trinidadian American]] journalist and former [[editor-in-chief]] and publisher of the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''
*[[Devant Maharaj]], an [[Indo-Trinidadian]] politician
* [[Ishwar Maraj]] (b. 1969), an [[Indo-Trinidadian and Tobagonian|Indo-Trinidadian]] member of the [[Sport in Saint Lucia|St Lucia cricket]] team<ref name=Ishwar>
{{cite web|author=ESPN Cricinfo|title=Ishwar Maraj|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/23846.html|accessdate=29 February 2012}}</ref>
*[[Keshav Maharaj]] (b. 1990), an [[Indian South Africans|Indo-South African]] cricketer
*[[Krishna Maharaj]] (1939–2024), a [[British Indo-Caribbean people|British Indo-Trinidadian]] businessman convicted of murder in [[South Florida]]
*[[Nicki Minaj|Onika Maraj]] (b. 1982), a [[Trinidadians|Trinidadian]]-born American rapper known professionally as Nicki Minaj
*[[Rabi Maharaj]] (b. 1947), a [[Indo-Trinidadian and Tobagonian|Trinidadian]] bestselling author
*[[Rajiv Maragh]] (b.1985), an [[Indo-Jamaican]] [[jockey]]
* [[Ralph Maraj]] (b. 1949), an [[Indo-Trinidadian and Tobagonian|Indo-Trinidadian]] politician, actor, playwright, and teacher
*[[Ramesh Maharaj]], an [[Indo-Trinidadian and Tobagonian|Indo-Trinidadian]] politician and former [[Attorney General of Trinidad and Tobago|Attorney General and Minister of Legal Affairs of Trinidad and Tobago]]
*[[Rasheed Mohammed Al Maraj]], Bahraini economist and banker
*[[Sadanand Maharaj]], an [[Indo-Fijian]] politician (1876-1962)
*[[Satnarayan Maharaj]] (1931–2019), an [[Indo-Trinidadian and Tobagonian|Indo-Trinidadian]] [[Hindu]] religious leader, son-in-law of [[Bhadase Maraj|Bhadase Sagan Maraj]], and [[Secretary-General]] of the [[Sanatan Dharma Maha Sabha]]
*[[Mac Maharaj|Sathyandranath Ragunanan "Mac" Maharaj]], (b. 1935) in Newcastle, Natal), a South African politician, academic and businessman.
*[[Valene Maharaj]] (b. 1986), an [[Indo-Trinidadian and Tobagonian|Indo-Trinidadian]] model, beauty pageant holder, former Miss Trinidad and Tobago, and former Miss Caribbean of the World

==See also==
*[[Persaud]]
*[[Rampersad]]
*[[Gobin]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{surname}}

[[Category:Surnames of Indian origin]]
[[Category:Hindustani-language surnames]]
[[Category:Surnames of Hindu origin]]
[[Category:Indian diaspora in the Caribbean]]
[[Category:Indian diaspora in Fiji]]
[[Category:Indian diaspora in South Africa]]

Takdah

2025-11-07T15:32:49Z

Diazonium: rework information per standard format and corrected details

{{refimprove|date=February 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Takdah
| settlement_type = Hill Town
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India
| coordinates = {{coord|27|02|N|88|22|E|display=inline,title|region:IN_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}}
| subdivision_type = Country India
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Darjeeling district|Darjeeling]]
| established_title = 
| unit_pref = Metric
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 734222
| blank1_name_sec1 = Nearest city
| blank1_info_sec1 = Darjeeling
}}
'''Takdah Cantonment''' is a neighbourhood in the [[Rangli Rangliot (community development block)|Rangli Rangliot]] CD block in the [[Darjeeling Sadar subdivision]] of the [[Darjeeling district]], [[West Bengal]], India. It is one of the upcoming tourist centres of the Darjeeling hills. Takdah literary means "always covered" in one of the local folklores, as it is often covered in fog. Roads that connect Takdah are in very bad condition.

==History==
Takdah Cantonment, as the name signifies, was a British cantonment before the independence of India. It was the destination for many British officers of high rank from all over India. After independence, like many other towns and villages, Takdah was abandoned by the new order. It was only recently that people really started to settle down in the area. Though the Britishers are long gone, we can still find the beautiful structures erected during the British era. The marvel of Takdah lies in the old, abandoned club house which is just a km away from the town. In comparison to its surrounding, the town is on a higher altitude giving way to cedar trees and is much colder than the towns surrounding it.

==Present==
Takdah Cantonment has an [[orchid]] center where a variety of rare Himalayan orchids are cultivated. This center has been the favourite of tourists visiting Takdah. The nearest tea gardens are Rungli, Giele and [[Teesta Valley Tea Garden|Teesta Valley]] tea gardens. The main junction of Takdah is called Dara Dokan. A weekly market, held every Thursday, is a sight worth watching as people from all the nearby villages come to shop their weekly needs. The town of [[Darjeeling]] is 30 km away and Takdah is well connected with Darjeeling with buses and jeeps plying constantly. Number of good educational institution are set up in Takdah bazar there is one co-residential English medium school campus which follows ICSE syllabus provides good source of knowledge and education to people residing out there.

==Geography==
{{OSM Location map
| width=350| height=370| zoom=10
| coord={{coord|26|57|0|N|88|20|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''Places and tea estates in the north-eastern portion of Darjeeling Sadar subdivision (including Rangli Rangliot CD block) and Kurseong subdivision in Darjeeling district''' CT: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, N: neighbourhood, H: hill centre, NP: national park/ wildlife sanctuary, TE: tea estate, TA: tourist attraction Abbreviations used in names – TG for Tea Garden (town/village), TE for Tea Estate Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly

|mark-coord1={{coord|27|1|20|N|88|21|21|E}}| label-pos1=right|label1= Rangli Rangliot| numbered1=R| mark-title1= [[Rangli Rangliot]] (CT)|label-color1= #800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1= #C42222|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2
|mark-coord2={{coord|27|2|10|N|88|22|0|E}}| label-pos2=right|label2=Takdah| numbered2=R| mark-title2= Takdah (R)|shape-color2=black| label-size2=13|label-color2=black 
|mark-coord3={{coord|27|3|30|N|88|23|12|E}}| label-pos3=right|label3=Peshok TG| numbered3=R| mark-title3= [[Peshok Tea Garden]] (R)
|mark-coord4={{coord|27|0|30|N|88|24|13|E}}| label-pos4=right|label4=Teesta Valley TG| numbered4=R| mark-title4= [[Teesta Valley Tea Garden]] (R)
|mark-coord5={{coord|26|48|45|N|88|15|38|E}}| label-pos5=right|label5=Longview TG| numbered5=R| mark-title5= [[Longview Tea Garden]] (R)
|mark-coord6={{coord|26|57|57|N|88|22|20|E}}| labelpos6=right| label6=Mangpu| numbered6=R| mark-title6= [[Mangpu]] (R)|
|mark-coord7={{coord|26|54|20|N|88|16|40|E}}| label-pos7=left|label7=Monteviot TG| numbered7=R| mark-title7= [[Monteviot Tea Garden]] (R)
|mark-coord8={{coord|26|49|35|N|88|17|22|E}}| label-pos8=left|label8=Rohini TG| numbered8=R| mark-title8= [[Rohini Tea Garden]] (R)
|mark-coord9={{coord|26|46|20|N|88|21|35|E}}| label-pos9=left|label9=Sukna| numbered9=R| mark-title9= [[Sukna, Darjeeling]] (R)
|mark-coord10={{coord|26|50|35|N|88|19|45|E}}| label-pos10=right|label10=Tindharia| numbered10=R| mark-title10= [[Tindharia]] (R)
|mark-coord11={{coord|26|52|5|N|88|17|55|E}}| label-pos11=right|label11=Giddapahar| numbered11=R| mark-title11= [[Giddapahar]] (R)
|mark-coord12={{coord|26|47|47|N|88|18|30|E}}| label-pos12=left|label12=Simulbari TG| numbered12=R| mark-title12= [[Simulbari Tea Garden]] (R)
|mark-coord13={{coord|26|56|11|N|88|28|2|E}}| label-pos13=right|label13=Sittong| numbered13=R| mark-title13= [[Sittong]] (R)
|mark-coord14={{coord|26|53|49|N|88|28|22|E}}| label-pos14=right|label14=Sevoke| numbered14=R| mark-title14= [[Sevoke]] (R)
|mark-coord15={{coord|26|52|15|N|88|15|50|E}}| label-pos15=left|label15=Ambootia| numbered15=R| mark-title15= [[Ambootia]] (R)| shape-color15=#C42222
|mark-coord16={{coord|26|49|45|N|88|19|0|E}}| label-pos16=right|label16=Cart Road| numbered16=CT| mark-title16= [[Cart Road]] (CT) | shape-color16=#800000
|mark-coord17={{coord|26|53|30|N|88|17|30|E}}| label-pos17=left |label17=Kurseong| numbered17=M| mark-title17= [[Kurseong]] (M)| shape-color17=#800000
|mark-coord18={{coord|27|5|55|N|88|20|50|E}}| label-pos18=left|label18=Glenburn TE| numbered18=TE| mark-title18= [[Glenburn Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color18=#87A96B
|mark-coord19={{coord|27|4|28|N|88|22|10|E}}| label-pos19=left|label19=Lopchu TE| numbered19=TE| mark-title19= [[Lopchu Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color19=#87A96B
|mark-coord20={{coord|26|51|30|N|88|14|8|E}}| label-pos20=left|label20=Balasun TE| numbered20=TE| mark-title20= [[Balasun Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color20=#87A96B
|mark-coord21={{coord|26|51|20|N|88|16|50|E}}| label-pos21=right|label21=Castleton TE| numbered21=TE| mark-title21= [[Castleton Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color21=#87A96B
|mark-coord22={{coord|26|53|35|N|88|20|0|E}}| label-pos22=right|label22=Goomtee TE| numbered22=TE| mark-title22= [[Goomtee Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color22=#87A96B
|mark-coord23={{coord|26|54|35|N|88|20|20|E}}| label-pos23=right|label23=Jungpana TE| numbered23=TE| mark-title23= [[Jungpana Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color23=#87A96B
|mark-coord24={{coord|26|50|40|N|88|16|20|E}}| label-pos24=left|label24=Makaibari TE| numbered24=TE| mark-title24= [[Makaibari Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color24=#87A96B
|mark-coord25={{coord|26|55|24|N|88|17|50|E}}| label-pos25=right|label25=Margaret’s Hope TE| numbered25=TE| mark-title25= [[Margaret's Hope Tea Estate]] (TE)| shape-color25=#87A96B
|mark-coord26={{coord|26|52|25|N|88|26|20|E}}| label-pos26=bottom|label26=Mahananda |labela26= Wildlife| labelb26= Sanctuary| numbered26=NP| mark-title26= [[Mahananda Wildlife Sanctuary]] (NP)| shape-color26=#228B22
|mark-coord27={{coord|26|49|0|N|88|31|0|E}}|label27=Teesta River| label-color27 = #77A1CB| label-angle27=45| label-pos27=top| label-size27=10| mark-size27=0| mark-title27=none
|mark-coord28={{coord|26|47|0|N|88|23|30|E}}|label28=Mahananda|labela28= River| label-color28 = #77A1CB| label-angle28=45| label-pos28=top| label-size28=10| mark-size28=0| mark-title28 =none
|mark-coord29={{coord|26|45|0|N|88|17|0|E}}|label29= Balason River| label-color29 = #77A1CB| label-angle29=35| label-pos29=top| label-size29=10| mark-size29=0| mark-title29 =none
|arc-coordA={{coord|27|9|0|N|88|11|50|E}}|arc-textA= SIKKIM| arc-text-colorA=hard grey| arc-angleA=-161| arc-gapA=-4| arc-radiusA=0.7
|arc-coordB={{coord|26|50|0|N|88|7|0|E}}|arc-textB= NEPAL| arc-text-colorB=hard grey| arc-angleB=60| arc-gapB=3.5| arc-radiusB=0.4 }}

===Location===
Takdah is shown as being located in Manedara mouza in the map of Rangli Rangliot CD block on page 145 of ''District Census Handbook, Darjeeling''.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf | title = District Census Handbook, Darjeeling, Series 20, Part XII A, 2011 Census of India| work= Page 145: Map of Rangli Rangliot CD block| publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |accessdate = 22 February 2020}}</ref>

===Area overview===
The map alongside shows the eastern portion of the [[Darjeeling Himalayan hill region]] and a small portion of the terai region in its eastern and southern fringes, all of it in the Darjeeling district. In the [[Darjeeling Sadar subdivision]] 61.00% of the total population lives in the rural areas and 39.00% of the population lives in the urban areas. In the [[Kurseong subdivision]] 58.41% of the total population lives in the rural areas and 41.59% lives in the urban areas.<ref name="admin">{{cite web | url = http://darjeeling.gov.in/dist-prof.html | title = Darjeeling | work =District Profile - General Information | publisher = District administration |accessdate = 21 March 2020 }}</ref><ref name="handbook">{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2013 Darjeeling |work = Tables 2.2, 2.4b |publisher = Department of Planning and Statistics, Government of West Bengal |accessdate = 21 March 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |archive-date = 21 January 2019 |url-status = dead }}</ref> There are 78 tea gardens/ estates (the figure varies slightly according to different sources), in the district, producing and largely exporting [[Darjeeling tea]]. It engages a large proportion of the population directly/ indirectly.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.darjeeling.gov.in/darj-tea.html | title = Darjeeling Tea | publisher = District administration | accessdate = 21 March 2020 | archive-date = 11 September 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190911133459/http://www.darjeeling.gov.in/darj-tea.html | url-status = dead }}</ref> Some tea gardens were identified in the 2011 census as [[census town]]s or villages.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/pcadata/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = 2011 Census – Primary Census Abstract Data Tables | work= West Bengal – District-wise |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | accessdate = 21 March 2020 }}</ref> Such places are marked in the map as CT (census town) or R (rural/ urban centre). Specific tea estate pages are marked TE.

Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

==Civic administration==
===CD block HQ===
Headquarters of Rangli Rangliot CD block is at Takdah.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1901_PART_A_DCHB_DARJILING.pdf |title = District Census Handbook: Darjiling | work= Map of District Darjiling with CD block HQs and Police Stations (on the fifth page) |publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011 | accessdate = 12 February 2020 }}</ref>

==Demographics==

==Education==
Griffith’s Higher Secondary School is an English-medium coeducational institution established in 1936. It has facilities for teaching from class V to class XII.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.icbse.com/schools/griffith-s-h-s-school-gpo3lv | title = Griffith's Higher Secondary School | publisher = ICBSE|accessdate = 27 February 2020}}</ref>

*[[Darjeeling Hill Institute of Technology and Management]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Darjeeling hills get first engineering college, 78 years after Independence|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/west-bengal/darjeeling-hills-get-first-engineering-college-78-years-after-independence-prnt/cid/2120089|publisher=Telegraph India|date=28 August 2025|access-date=3 September 2025 }}</ref>

==Healthcare==
Takdah Rural Hospital, with 30 beds at Takdah, is the major government medical facility in the Rangli Rangliot CD block.<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/RH.pdf | title =Health & Family Welfare Department | work =Health Statistics – Rural Hospitals | publisher =Government of West Bengal | accessdate =28 February 2020 | archive-date =8 October 2022 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20221008143352/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/RH.pdf | url-status =dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics – Primary Health Centres | publisher = Government of West Bengal | accessdate = 28 February 2020 | archive-date = 21 April 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180421215645/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/PHC.pdf | url-status = dead }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|3}}

== External links ==

* [https://northbengaltourism.com/offbeat-destinations/darjeeling/takdah/ About Takdah Village] North Bengal Tourism
* [https://darjeelingyatra.com/takdah Takdah Travel Guide] by Darjeeling Yatra

{{Darjeeling District}}

[[Category:Villages in Darjeeling district]]

Mohan Kokani

2025-10-23T16:45:28Z

Diazonium:

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}

'''Mohan Dhedabhai Kokani''' (born 1974)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Kokani Mohanbhai Dhedabhai(Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP)):Constituency- VYARA (ST)(TAPI) - Affidavit Information of Candidate: |url=https://www.myneta.info/Gujarat2022/candidate.php?candidate_id=5403 |access-date=2025-01-14 |website=www.myneta.info}}</ref> is an Indian politician from [[Gujarat]]. He is a member of the [[Gujarat Legislative Assembly]] from [[Vyara Assembly constituency]], which is reserved for Scheduled Tribe community, in [[Tapi district]]. He won the [[2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election]] representing the Bharatiya Janata Party.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-12-08 |title=Gujarat polls: BJP wins tribal-reserved Vyara seat by trouncing four-time Cong MLA; AAP secures 2nd position |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/assembly-elections/gujarat/gujarat-polls-bjp-wins-tribal-reserved-vyara-seat-by-trouncing-four-time-cong-mla-aap-secures-2nd-position/articleshow/96085396.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2025-01-14 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-08 |title=Gujarat Vyara Election Result 2022: BJP's Mohan Konkani defeats four-time Congress MLA |url=https://www.zeebiz.com/trending/politics/news-gujarat-vyara-election-result-2022-mohan-konkani-bjp-defeats-punabhai-gamit-congress-212008 |access-date=2025-01-14 |website=Zee Business |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Kokani is from [[Vyara]], Tapi district, Gujarat. He is the son of Dhedabhai Kokani. He completed his MA in 1999 at [[Veer Narmad South Gujarat University]], and later did B.Ed. through open stream at [[Indira Gandhi National Open University]], Delhi in 2001.<ref name=":0" />

== Career ==
Kokani won from [[Vyara Assembly constituency]] representing the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] in the 2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election. He polled 69,633 votes and defeated his nearest rival, Bipin Chaudhari of [[Aam Aadmi Party]], by a margin of 22,120 votes.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 December 2022 |title=ECI - General Election to Vidhan Sabha trends and results December 2022 |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenDec2022/ConstituencywiseS06171.htm?ac=171 |access-date=14 January 2025 |website=ECI}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Vyara Election Result 2022 LIVE Updates: Kokani Mohanbhai Dhedabhai Of BJP Wins |url=https://www.news18.com/news/elections/vyara-election-result-2022-live-updates-winner-loser-leading-trailing-mla-margin-6560131.html |access-date=2025-01-14 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-07 |title=Vyara Election Result 2022 LIVE: BJP's Kokani Mohanbhai Dhedabhai wins by margin of 22,000 votes - CNBC TV18 |url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/politics/vyara-election-result-2022-live-how-to-check-election-winners-losers-vote-margin-news-updates-15346791.htm |access-date=2025-01-14 |website=CNBCTV18 |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kokani, Mohan}}
[[Category:1960 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Gujarat]]
[[Category:Gujarat MLAs 2022–2027]]
[[Category:People from Tapi district]]
[[Category:Indira Gandhi National Open University alumni]]

Ram Ki Paidi

2025-08-25T19:31:24Z

Diazonium:

{{Short description|Pilgrim spot in Ayodhya}}
{{moresources|date=December 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2022}}
[[File:Sarayu River night view, Ayodhya 001.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Ram Ki Paidi, as seen at night during [[Diwali]] celebrations in [[Ayodhya]]. People can be seen lighting ''diyas'' on the [[ghat]].]]
[[File:Ram Paidi Ayodhya.jpg|thumb|Sarayu Ghat during day time.]]

'''Ram Ki Paidi''' ([[Hindi]]: राम की पैड़ी) is a series of [[ghats]] on the bank of the [[Sarayu River (Ayodhya)|Saryu]] river in [[Ayodhya]], India. A large number of pilgrims visit daily to take a bath in the holy waters.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abplive.com/states/up-uk/up-news-ayodhya-administration-plan-to-give-new-look-of-ram-ki-paidi-saryu-river-ann-2249047|title=Ayodhya News: Preparation to give a new look to Ram's Paidi in Ayodhya, know what is the whole plan|date=31 October 2022|website=abplive.com|access-date=3 January 2023|archive-date=3 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103033512/https://www.abplive.com/states/up-uk/up-news-ayodhya-administration-plan-to-give-new-look-of-ram-ki-paidi-saryu-river-ann-2249047|url-status=live}}</ref>

There were enormous bathing ghats throughout the banks of the Sarayu, and the ones at Nayaghat were immersed in heavy rain and floods. These were rebuilt in 1985.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hindi.news18.com/news/uttar-pradesh/ayodhya-ayodhya-ram-ki-paidi-become-picnic-spot-for-tourists-people-are-getting-relief-from-the-scorching-heat-4307834.html|date=26 October 2020|title=Ayodhya:- Picnic spot made for tourists at Ram's Paidi, people are getting relief from the scorching heat|website=hindi.news18.com|access-date=3 January 2023|archive-date=3 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103033514/https://hindi.news18.com/news/uttar-pradesh/ayodhya-ayodhya-ram-ki-paidi-become-picnic-spot-for-tourists-people-are-getting-relief-from-the-scorching-heat-4307834.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

On [[Deepawali]] in October 2019 Ayodhya created a [[Guinness World Records|Guinness world record]] by lighting 450,000 lamps at the Ram Ki Paidi.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/ayodhya-creates-guinness-record-4-10-lakh-diyas-lit-at-ram-ki-paidi/story-QBBNgsl0nTfrTF3rkWlqLJ.html|title=Ayodhya creates Guinness record, 4.10 lakh diyas lit at Ram Ki Paidi|date=26 October 2019|website=Hindustan Times|access-date=25 July 2020|archive-date=26 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026015048/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/ayodhya-creates-guinness-record-4-10-lakh-diyas-lit-at-ram-ki-paidi/story-QBBNgsl0nTfrTF3rkWlqLJ.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Ayodhya]]
[[Category:Ghats of India]]

{{UttarPradesh-stub}}
{{Hinduism-stub}}

Uttarpara Kotrung Municipality

2025-08-19T08:29:57Z

Diazonium: Put Up - done

{{Short description|Municipal body in Hooghly district, West Bengal, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox legislature
| name = Uttarpara Kotrung Municipality
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| coa_pic =
| coa_res = 300px
| coa_alt = Logo of Uttarpara Kotrung Municipality
| coa_caption = Coat of Arms
| house_type = [[Municipal corporation (India)|Municipality]]
| foundation = {{start date and age|1853}}
| disbanded =
| preceded_by =
| succeeded_by =
| leader1_type = Chairman
| leader1 = Dilip Yadav
| party1 = [[Trinamool Congress|AITC]]
| leader2_type = Vice Chairman
| leader2 = Khokan Mandal
| party2 = [[Trinamool Congress|AITC]]
| seats = 24
| structure1 = India Uttarpara, West Bengal Municipality 2022.svg
| structure1_res = 250px
| political_groups1 =
'''Government (19)'''
*{{colorbox|#20C646}} [[Trinamool Congress|AITC]] (19)
'''Opposition (4)'''
*{{colorbox|{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}}} [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] (3)
*{{colorbox|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}}} [[Indian National Congress|INC]] (1)
'''Other (1)'''
*{{colorbox|#B2B2B2}} [[Independent politician|IND]] (1)
| session_room =
| session_res = 300px
| meeting_place =
| last_election1 = 2022
| next_election1 = 2027
| motto =
| website = {{URL|www.uttarparamunicipality.in}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Uttarpara Kotrung Municipality''' is the civic body that governs [[Uttarpara Kotrung]] and its surrounding areas ([[Bhadrakali, Hooghly|Bhadrakali]] and [[Hind Motor]]) in [[Srirampore subdivision]] of [[Hooghly district]], [[West Bengal]], [[India]]. It is the oldest municipality in the state of West Bengal.

==History==
Uttarpara Municipality was founded on 14 April 1853 after the second appeal by zamindar Joykrishna and others for a municipality to the Government of [[Bengal]], the first appeal made by them in 1851 was rejected.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uttarparamunicipality.in/history-of-uttarpara-municipality.html|title=Uttarpara-Kotrung Municipality|website=uttarparamunicipality.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.uttarparamunicipality.in/pdf_files/chairman_message.pdf | title = Chairman's message | publisher = Uttarpara Kotrung Municipality | access-date = 4 July 2017}}</ref> Uttarpara was only the second town in Bengal to voluntarily adopt the Municipal Act of 1850 Sec XX16 – [[Serampore]] was the first town to adopt it. However, while in Serampore European residents pushed the issue through, in Uttarpara it was the zamindar Joy Krishna Mukherjee who played the pivotal role and made Uttarpara Municipality the first in the state by establishing it in 1853, 12 years before [[Serampore Municipality]] and 23 years before [[Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]. Kotrung was merged with Uttarapara Municipality in 1964 and it was renamed Uttarpara Kotrung Municipality. Makhla was merged with Uttarpara Kotrung Municipality in 1991.<ref name="uttarpara">{{cite web | url = http://www.uttarpara.com/heritage/municipality.htm | title = Uttarpara Municipality | publisher = uttarpara.com | access-date = 4 July 2017}}</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:Map of uttarpara kotrung municipality.jpg|thumb|300px|Map of Uttarpara Kotrung Municipality]]
The boundaries of Uttarpara Kotrung Municipality are as follows: [[Konnagar Municipality]] to the north, [[Hooghly River]] to the east and Bally Khal to the south. Earlier the railway track was the western limit, but subsequently areas such as Makhla and Hindmotor have been added beyond the railway track.<ref name="uttarpara"/>

Uttarpara Kotrung Municipality covers an area of 11.75 sq km and has a population of 159,413 (2011).<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbdma.gov.in/HTM/MUNI_municipality.htm | title = Uttarpara-Kotrung Municipality | publisher = Department of Municipal Affairs, Government of West Bengal | access-date = 4 July 2017 | archive-date = 28 September 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180928223458/http://wbdma.gov.in/HTM/MUNI_municipality.htm | url-status = dead }}</ref>

In 1981, 27.47% of the total population formed main workers and 72.53% were non-workers in Uttarpara Kotrung Municipality and 37.98% of the total main workers were industrial workers. This may be interpreted as follows: although industrial activities are prominent in the municipal areas of the region, the major portion of the population is [[Commuting|commuters]] and migrants find employment in the area.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/68558/14/14_chapter%205.pdf | title = Chapter V Industrial set up of the study area | work = Table 16, Page 232, Table 17, Page 233, Table 18, Page 236 | publisher = Shodhganga | access-date = 4 July 2017}}</ref>

==Healthcare==
Uttarpara General Hospital, with 204 beds, Female Vagrants Home and primary health centre with 5 beds at [[Bhadrakali, Hooghly|Bhadrakali]] are located in the Uttarpara Kotrung Municipality area.<ref name=medical>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/ | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 15 July 2017 | archive-date = 28 October 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211028134305/https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-99a499ee367f0c1530476c81086270c8 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

==Elections==
In the 2015 municipal elections for Uttarpara Kotrung municipality [[All India Trinamool Congress|Trinamool Congress]] won 15 seats, [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] 4 seats, [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] 2 seats and Independents 3 seats.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbsec.gov.in/(S(ok51ajaejr1ty3qg43xq0kf1))/Municipal/FinalResult_All_Mun.aspx |title = Municipal General Election Results | work= Results of Municipal General Elections 2015 |publisher= West Bengal State Election Commission | access-date = 4 July 2017 }}</ref>

In the 2010 municipal elections for Uttarpara Kotrung Municipality [[All India Trinamool Congress|Trinamool Congress]] won 22 seats, [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI (M)]] 1 seat and Independent 1 seat.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wbsec.gov.in/(S(x5feom55drnpkn55tfuthm55))/Municipal/Detailed_Mun_Yearwise.aspx |title = Municipal General Election Results | work= Results of Municipal General Elections yearwise |publisher= West Bengal State Election Commission | access-date = 11 July 2017 }}</ref>

==Wards==
Details of the wards, with 2022 municipal election results, are as follows:<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.wbsec.gov.in/(S(trzec345h1wraqfeb4ueqii4))/Municipal/Detailed_Mun.aspx | title = Municipal General Election Results: Uttarpara Kotrang | publisher = West Bengal State Election Commission | access-date = 4 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.uttarparamunicipality.in/pdf_files/eNews/INFRASTRUCTURE.pdf | title = Uttarpara Kotrung Municipality: Infrastructure | publisher = Uttarpara Kotrung Municipality | access-date = 4 July 2017}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Ward No ||Neighbourhood1||Total Electors||Seat Type||Councillor||Party
|-
| 1 || Kotrung ||3,883||General||Partha Mazumder||[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|Trinamool Congress]]
|-
| 2 || Kotrung ||6,217||General||Sandip Kumar Das||[[All India Trinamool Congress|Trinamool Congress]]
|-
| 3 || Kotrung ||5,651||Woman||Arati Biswas||CPI (M)
|-
| 4 || Kotrung ||5,563||General||Prabir Kangsabanik (Sanu)||CPI (M)
|-
| 5 || Kotrung ||4,037||General||Pinaki Dhamali||Independent
|-
| 6 || Kotrung ||5,182||Woman||Putul Rani Ghosh||Trinamool Congress
|-
| 7 || Kotrung/Bhadrakali ||12,019||General||Ajay Singh||Trinamool Congress
|-
| 8 ||Bhadrakali ||4,305||General||Tapash Mukherjee (Buro)||Trinamool Congress
|-
| 9 || Bhadrakali ||5,275||Woman||Mitali Bej||Trinamool Congress
|-
| 10 || Bhadrakali ||7,056||Woman SC||Sarathi Golder||Trinamool Congress
|-
| 11 || Bhadrakali ||5,170||General||Amitava Mukherjee||Trinamool Congress
|-
| 12 || Bhadrakali ||4,228||General||Dilip Yadav||Trinamool Congress
|-
| 13 || Bhadrakali ||5,310||Woman||Mousumi Biswas||[[Indian National Congress|Trinamool Congress]]
|-
| 14 || Uttarpara ||4,358||General||Utpaladitya Banerjee (Pintu)||Trinamool Congress
|-
| 15 || Uttarpara ||5,339||Woman||Susmita Sarkar (Boni)||CPI (M)
|-
| 16 || Uttarpara ||4,173||Woman||Dolly Ghosh Yadav||Trinamool Congress
|-
| 17 || Uttarpara ||5,782||General||Subrata Mukherjee||Trinamool Congress
|-
| 18 || Uttarpara ||3,850||General||Sumit Chakraborty (Tukai)||Trinamool Congress
|-
| 19 || Uttarpara ||5,767||Woman||Aditi Kundu||Trinamool Congress
|-
| 20 || Makhla ||5,682||General||Indrajit Ghosh (Paba)||Trinamool Congress
|-
| 21 || Makhla ||8,858||General||Khokan Mandal||Trinamool Congress
|-
| 22 || Makhla ||7,475||Woman||Manashi Singha||Trinamool Congress
|-
| 23 || Makhla ||7,230||General||Arnab Roy(Raja)||Trinamool Congress
|-
| 24 || Hindmotor ||1,369||General||Kamakhaya Narayan Singh||Congress
|-
|}
This is a broad indication of the neighbourhood covered, not a full description.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Hooghly topics}}
{{Hooghly District}}

{{coord missing|West Bengal}}

[[Category:Municipalities of West Bengal]]

Sialia

2025-08-15T22:31:30Z

Diazonium: Bio

{{Short description|Village in Odisha with no doors and windows}}
{{About|the village in India|the bird genus|Bluebird}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2025}}

'''Sialia''', also called the '''Doorless Village''', is a [[village]] in Rajakanika Block, [[Kendrapara district]], [[Odisha]], [[India]] known for having no [[door]]s as the villagers claim they see no need to not trust their neighbours. 125 families are living inside this village, which has an area of 12 hectares.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Doorless Village |url=https://www.udayindia.in/news/a-doorless-village |access-date=2024-01-23 |website=Uday India |language=fr}}</ref> No house of this village has doors or [[window]]s as the people of this village have immense faith on [[Parvati]], stating that the power of Parvati as Kharakhai will protect them.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A village where houses have no doors, windows |url=https://www.rediff.com/news/report/a-village-where-houses-have-no-doors-windows/20121212.htm |access-date=2024-01-23 |website=Rediff |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-05-16 |title=Sialia village living in Gandhiji's dream |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2012/Jan/24/sialia-village-living-in-gandhijis-dream-333275.html |access-date=2024-01-23 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

Surrounded by large [[banyan]] trees, the [[Hindu temple]] of Parvati as Kharakhai is placed at the end of this village. The temple has no roof because Parvati (as Kharakhai) loves sunlight, as in the [[Odia language]], [[sunlight]] means "Khara".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Himanshu |date=2020-11-23 |title=This village of Odisha doesn't have doors in houses |url=https://kalingatv.com/state/this-village-of-odisha-doesnt-have-doors-in-houses/ |access-date=2024-01-23 |website=KalingaTV |language=en-US}}</ref> Due to this, this village attracts tourists from different places. To maintain it, the district administration plans to invest funds to build parks, toilets, and parking.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-12-18 |title=Odisha's Doorless Sialia Village Being Developed As Tourist Attraction |url=https://odishabytes.com/odishas-doorless-sialia-village-being-developed-as-tourist-attraction/ |access-date=2024-01-23 |website=OdishaBytes |language=en-US}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{coordinates missing|Odisha}}

[[Category:Villages in Kendrapara district]]

{{Odisha-geo-stub}}

Harwood Point

2025-06-24T13:55:48Z

Diazonium: added references

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Harwood Point
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| imagesize = 300px
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_mapsize = 300
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal##Location in India
| coordinates = {{coord|21.8798|N|88.1663|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Emblem of West Bengal (Banglarmukh) before 2018.png}} [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 = [[South 24 Parganas]]
| subdivision_type3 = CD Block
| subdivision_name3 = [[Kakdwip (community development block)|Kakdwip]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 4
| population_total =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]<ref name="wblangoff">{{cite web|title=Fact and Figures|url=https://wb.gov.in/portal/web/guest/facts-and-figures;jsessionid=JzdD9RHb7aMY5esZPtcsIVLy|website=Wb.gov.in|access-date=5 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=52nd REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR LINGUISTIC MINORITIES IN INDIA|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=Nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=5 July 2019|page=85|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Additional official
| demographics1_info2 = [[English language|English]]<ref name="wblangoff"/>
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = PIN
| postal_code = 743347
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = +91 3210
| registration_plate = [[List of Regional Transport Office districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-19 to [[List of Regional Transport Office districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-22, [[List of Regional Transport Office districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-95 to [[List of Regional Transport Office districts in India#WB.E2.80.94West Bengal|WB]]-99
| blank1_name_sec1 = Lok Sabha constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Mathurapur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Mathurapur (SC)]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = Vidhan Sabha constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Kakdwip (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kakdwip]]
| website = {{URL|www.s24pgs.gov.in}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Harwood Point''' is a village within the jurisdiction of the [[Kakdwip]] police station in the [[Kakdwip (community development block)|Kakdwip]] [[Community development block in India|CD block]] in the [[Kakdwip subdivision]] of the [[South 24 Parganas]] district in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==Geography==
{{OSM Location map
| width=350| height=350| zoom=10
| coord={{coord|21|43|0|N|88|14|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''Places in Kakdwip subdivision (Kakdwip, Sagar, Namkhana, Patharpratima CD blocks) in South 24 Parganas district''' R: rural/ urban centre Places linked with coastal activity are marked in blue Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly
|mark-coord1={{coord|21|52|33|N|88|11|7|E}} | label-pos1=bottom|label1= Kakdwip| numbered1=R| mark-title1= [[Kakdwip]] (R)|label-color1= #800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1=#C42222 |shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2
|mark-coord2={{coord|21|52|47|N|88|9|58|E}} | label-pos2=left|label2= Harwood Point| numbered2=R| mark-title2= Harwood Point (R) ||shape-color2=black| label-size2=13|label-color2=black 
|mark-coord3={{coord|21|46|11|N|88|13|53|E}} | label-pos3=right|label3= Namkhana| numbered3=R| mark-title3= [[Namkhana]] (R)
|mark-coord4={{coord|21|35|6|N|88|15|30|E}} | label-pos4=right|label4= Fraserganj| numbered4=R| mark-title4= [[Fraserganj]] (R) |shape-color4=#0048BA
|mark-coord5={{coord|21|44|44|N|88|5|39|E}} | label-pos5=right|label5= Rudranagar| numbered5=R| mark-title5= [[Rudranagar]] (R)
|mark-coord6={{coord|21|38|50|N|88|4|31|E}} | label-pos6=right|label6= Gangasagar| numbered6=R| mark-title6= [[Gangasagar]] (R) |shape-color6=#0048BA
|mark-coord7={{coord|21|47|48|N|88|21|19|E}} | label-pos7=left|label7= Patharpratima| numbered7=R| mark-title7= [[Patharpratima]] (R)
|mark-coord8={{coord|21|38|53|N|88|24|16|E}} | label-pos8=left|label8= Gobardhanpur| numbered8=R| mark-title8= [[Gobardhanpur]] (R) |shape-color8=#0048BA
|mark-coord9={{coord|21|53|30|N|88|12|40|E}} | label-pos9=right|label9= Ganespur| numbered9=R| mark-title9= [[Ganespur]] (R)
|mark-coord10={{coord|21|48|14|N|88|22|25|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10= Ramganga| numbered10=R| mark-title10= [[Ramganga, South 24 Parganas]] (R)
|mark-coord11={{coord|21|45|25|N|88|5|53|E}} | label-pos11=right|label11= Harinbari| numbered11=R| mark-title11= [[Harinbari]] (R)
|mark-coord12={{coord|21|33|47|N|88|15|34|E}} | label-pos12=right|label12= Bakkhali| numbered12=R| mark-title12= [[Bakkhali]] (R) |shape-color12=#0048BA
|mark-coord13={{coord|21.7858 |N|88.0853|E}}| label13=Sagar Island| label-color13 = Black| label-angle13=-0| label-pos13=right| label-size13=10| mark-size13=0| mark-title13=none
|mark-coord14={{coord|21.7858 |N|88.0163|E}}| label14=Hooghly River| label-color14 = #77A1CB| label-angle14=-60| label-pos14=right| label-size14=10| mark-size14=0| mark-title14=none
|arc-coordC={{coord|21.5658|N|88.0763|E}}| arc-textC= Bay of Bengal | arc-text-colorC = soft blue| arc-angleC=200| arc-gapC=-1.0| arc-radiusC=1.6| arc-text-sizeC=14}}

===Area overview===
Kakdwip subdivision has full rural population. The entire district is situated in the [[Ganges Delta]]. The southern part of the delta has numerous channels and islands such as [[Henry Island (India)|Henry Island]], [[Sagar Island]], Frederick Island and Fraserganj Island. The subdivision is a part of the [[Sundarbans settlements]]. A comparatively recent country-wide development is the guarding of the coastal areas by special coastal forces. The area attracts large number of tourists – Gangasagar and Fraserganj-Bakkhali are worth mentioning. Gobardhanpur holds a promise for the future.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook 2014 South Twety-four Parganas |work = Table 2.1, 2.2, 2.4b |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 5 December 2019 |archive-date = 21 January 2019 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1917_PART_A_DCHB_SOUTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf| title = Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory |work= Page 13, Physigraphy| publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 5 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | title = District Human Development Report: South 24 Parganas | work = Chapter 9: Sundarbans and the Remote Islanders, p 290-311 | publisher = Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal, 2009 | access-date = 5 December 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161005044029/http://wbplan.gov.in/HumanDev/DHDR/24%20pgsSouth/s24prg_main.htm | archive-date = 5 October 2016 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

===Location===
Harwood Point is located at {{coord|21.8798|N|88.1663|E|display=inline}}.

Harwood Point Coastal police station is marked in Google maps. The area where Harwood Point is situated is marked as Kalinagar (Village No. 207) in the map of Kakdwip CD block on page 837 in the''District Census Handbook'' for the South 24 Parganas.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1917_PART_A_DCHB_SOUTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf| title = Census of India 2011, West Bengal, District Census Handbook, South Twentyfour Parganas, Series – 20, Part XII-A, Village and Town Directory |work= Page 773 - Map of Basanti CD block | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal |access-date = 25 October 2019}}</ref>

No. 8 Vessel Ghat has an hourly ferry service to Kachuberia in the Sagar Island, across the [[Muri Ganga River]].<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.tripadvisor.in/FAQ_Answers-g3657797-d3657801-t3428090-For_gangasagar_which_is_best_boat_or_ship.html | title = Ganga Sagar Questions and Answers | publisher = Trip Advisor | access-date = 25 October 2019}}</ref>

==Civic administration==
===Police station===
Harwood Point Coastal police station covers an area of 169 km2. It has jurisdiction over parts of the Kakdwip CD block. The coastal police stations were formed with the objective of effective policing of the remote areas of the Sundarbans. The police has regular river patrols.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.sundarbanpolicedistrict.org/each_police_station?psname=HARWOOD%20POINT%20COASTAL|title = Harwood Point Coastal Police Station | work= Sundarban police district |publisher= West Bengal police | access-date = 25 October 2019}}</ref>

==Fishing harbour==
There is a minor fishing harbour, along with associated infrastructure, at Harwood Point. It was built to address the needs of fishermen who were using around 300 fishing trawlers and were unloading their catch along the coast in spite of lack of facilities earlier.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.wbfcl.in/wbfcl/Glimpse-06.pdf | title = Minor Fishing Harbour at Harwood Point | publisher = WBFCL | access-date = 25 October 2019}}</ref>

==Transport==
Kachuberia-Udairampur Road links Harwood Point to the [[National Highway 12 (India)|National Highway 12]].<ref name="google">Google maps</ref>

[[Kakdwip railway station]] is located nearby.<ref name="google"/>

==Healthcare==
Harendranagar Block Primary Health Centre at Harendranagar, with 10 beds, is the major government medical facility in the Kakdwip CD block.<ref>{{cite web | url =https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/BPHC.pdf | title =Health & Family Welfare Department | work =Health Statistics – Block Primary Health Centres | publisher =Government of West Bengal | access-date =1 December 2019 | archive-date =16 August 2020 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20200816074737/https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/other_files/BPHC.pdf | url-status =dead }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{South 24 Parganas District}}

[[Category:Villages in South 24 Parganas district]]

H. Ramachandra Shastry

2025-04-22T12:23:51Z

Diazonium: update formatting and improved wording

{{Short description|Indian musician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{inline|date=August 2012}}
{{notability|Music|date=August 2012}}
}}
[[File:Carnatic flautist H. Ramachandra Shastry (1906-92) .jpg|alt=Ramachandra Shastry (Chennai 1978 private studio photo)|thumb|H. Ramachandra Shastry (Chennai 1978 private studio photo)]]
'''H. Ramachandra Shastry''' (1906 – 1992) was an Indian [[Carnatic music|Carnatic]] [[flautist]]. He belonged to the bani (music school) of [[Sarabha Sastri]] and learned music from [[Palladam Sanjiva Rao]], a direct disciple of Sastri].

Shastry taught [[Carnatic music|Carnatic]] [[flute]] at [[Kalakshetra]] until 1992. [[G. S. Rajan]], [[Ludwig Pesch]] and [[T Sashidhar]] are some of his disciples.

==References==
*[http://tyagaraja-aradhana-calicut.org/programme/inaugurations-to-date/h-ramachandra-sastry/ Biography of H. Ramachandra Shastry]
*''[https://india.oup.com/product/the-oxford-illustrated-companion-to-south-indian-classical-music-9780195699982?searchbox_input=south%20indian%20music The Oxford Illustrated Companion to South Indian Classical Music]''. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2009, {{ISBN|9780195699982}}, p. 103, fig. 5 (Carnatic ensemble, Madras 1937)
*''A Garland'' (Biographical Dictionary) of Carnatic Composers and Musicians. Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 1990, pp. 228–9

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shastry, H. Ramachandra}}
[[Category:1906 births]]
[[Category:1992 deaths]]
[[Category:Carnatic instrumentalists]]
[[Category:Venu players]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian musicians]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian flautists]]
{{India-musician-stub}}

Villianur railway station

2025-03-26T22:46:55Z

Diazonium: Put Up

{{Short description|Railway station in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox station
| name = Villianur
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = ta
| type = [[Light rail]] station
| style = Indian Railways
| image = Villianur railway station.jpg
| image_caption =
| address = [[NH 45A]], Sulthanpet, [[Villianur]], [[Villianur taluk]], [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]]
| country = India
| coordinates = {{Coord|11.9202|79.7583|type:railwaystation_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| elevation = {{Convert|11|m}}
| line =
| other =
| structure = Standard (on ground station)
| platform = 1
| tracks = 2
| parking = Yes
| opened =
| closed =
| rebuilt =
| electrified =
| accessible = {{Access icon|20px}}
| code = {{Indian railway code
| code = VI
| zone = [[Southern Railway zone]]
| division = {{abbrlink|Tiruchirappalli|Tiruchirappalli railway division}}
}}
| owned = [[Indian Railways]]
| operator = [[Southern Railway zone]]
| status = Functioning
| former =
| passengers =
| pass_year =
| pass_percent =
| pass_system =
| map_locator =
| route_map = {{Viluppuram–Puducherry spur line}}
| map_state = show
}}

'''Villianur railway station''' is a [[railway station]] in Sulthanpet, [[Villianur]], [[Villianur taluk]], [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]].

==Jurisdiction==
It belongs to the [[Tiruchirappalli railway division]] of the [[Southern Railway zone]] in [[Puducherry district]] in [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]]. The station code is VI.<ref name="map">{{cite web|title=System Map – Tiruchchirapalli Division|url=http://www.sr.indianrailways.gov.in/cris//uploads/files/1450773159385-TPJmap-2015-Model.pdf|website=[[Southern Railway zone]]|publisher=[[Indian Railways]]|accessdate=9 July 2016|page=1|format=[[PDF]]}}</ref>

==About==
This passenger station falls between {{stnlnk|Viluppuram Junction}}–{{stnlnk|Puducherry}} [[broad-gauge]] section.<ref name="sui">{{cite news|title=Woman's body found near railway track|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/womans-body-found-near-railway-track/article7718396.ece|accessdate=8 July 2016|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=3 October 2015|location=[[Puducherry (city)|Puducherry]]}}</ref><ref name="nit">{{cite news|title=NIT to function from next academic year|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-otherstates/nit-to-function-from-next-academic-year/article1363794.ece|accessdate=8 July 2016|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=26 October 2008}}</ref>

==Notable places nearby==
* [[Our Lady of Lourdes Shrine, Villianur]]
* Sri Gokilambal Thirukameshwara Temple (or) Villianur Temple<ref name="pudu">{{cite web|title=SRI GOKILAMBAL THIRUKAMESHWARA TEMPLE|url=http://www.pondytourism.in/iconics-innerpage.php?id=25&district=Puducherry&category=198|website=www.pondytourism.in|publisher=[[Government of Puducherry]]|accessdate=8 July 2016}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IndiaRailInfo|4498}}
{{Railway stations in Puducherry}}

[[Category:Trichy railway division]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Puducherry district]]

Naubug Assembly constituency

2025-01-24T15:33:40Z

Diazonium: starting a entry

{{Short description|Constituency of the Jammu and Kashmir legislative assembly in India}}

{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Naubug
| type= SLA
| state = Jammu and Kashmir
| established = 1962
| abolished = 1977
| electors = 26,731
| mla = Pir Husan Qasim
| party = {{Party index link|Indian National Congress}}
| constituency_no =
| latest_election_year = [[1972 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
| district =
| loksabha_cons =
| reservation =
}}
'''Naubug Assembly constituency '''was an assembly constituency in the [[India]] [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]].

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Election
! Member
! colspan=2|Party
|-
! colspan=4| Naubug Brang Vally
|-
| [[1962 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1962]] || Nizam-Ud-Din || {{Full party name with color|Jammu & Kashmir National Conference}}
|-
! colspan=4| Naubug
|-
| [[1967 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1967]] || Hassan-Ud-Din || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[1972 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election|1972]] || Pir Husan Qasim
|}

== Election results ==
===Assembly Election 1972 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1972 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Naubug<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1972 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatisticalRep_JK_72.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117083027/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatisticalRep_JK_72.pdf|archive-date=17 January 2012|access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link| |candidate=Pir Husan Qasim |party=Indian National Congress |votes=26,731 |percentage= |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 26,731 |ref = |change= {{increase}}8.18 }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

===Assembly Election 1967 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1967 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Naubug<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1967 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report_Jk_1967.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006052138/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report_Jk_1967.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link| |candidate=Hassan-Ud-Din |party=Indian National Congress |votes=24,710 |percentage= |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 24,710 |ref = |change= {{increase}}14.24 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

===Assembly Election 1962 ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1962 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election]] : Naubug Brang Vally<ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Election Commission of India]]|title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1962 to the Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir |url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_JK_1962.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101006183842/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_JK_1962.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2010|access-date=15 February 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link| |candidate=Nizam-Ud-Din |party=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |votes=21,629 |percentage= |change= ''New''}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 21,629 |ref = |change= }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Jammu & Kashmir National Conference |loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Jammu and Kashmir}}

{{coord missing|Jammu and Kashmir}}

[[Category:Former assembly constituencies of Jammu and Kashmir]]

{{JammuandKashmir-geo-stub}}

List of National Highways in India by State

2023-11-01T14:02:26Z

Diazonium: post.

#REDIRECT [[List of national highways in India by state]]

{{R from move}}

Haseena Malik

2023-10-30T15:54:07Z

Diazonium: redirect created

#REDIRECT [[Maddam Sir]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from fictional character|Comedy television series}}
}}

Bharatpedia:WikiProject Bihar/New articles

2023-05-25T23:21:24Z

Diazonium: Done

Aligarh (Lok Sabha Constituency)

2023-05-02T15:44:51Z

Diazonium: Redirect page

#REDIRECT [[Aligarh Lok Sabha constituency]] {{R from other capitalisation}}

Duggiralla

2023-04-01T09:49:47Z

Diazonium: redirect

#REDIRECT [[Duggirala]]

D. E. Ethiraj

2022-07-13T09:16:43Z

Diazonium: expand references for clarity and updated info

#REDIRECT [[D. Ethiraj]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from move}}
}}

Indore-5 (Vidhan Sabha constituency)

2022-05-12T11:29:14Z

Diazonium: brief cleaned up details to improve readability and improved wording

#REDIRECT [[Indore-5 Assembly constituency]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from move}}
}}