Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]

Malti Chahar (actress)

2023-10-05T04:26:00Z

Devinderkumar:

{{Short description|Indian actress and model}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Malti Chahar
| other_names =
| birth_date = 15 November 1991
| birth_place = [[Agra]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| nationality =
| education = B.Tech. (Computer Science)
| alma_mater = [[Institute of Engineering and Technology]]
| occupation = {{hlist|Actress|model}}
| yearsactive = 2014–present
| notable_works = Manicure, [[Genius (2018 Hindi film)|Genius]], Hush, [[Ishq Pashmina]]
| relatives = {{ubl|[[Deepak Chahar]] (brother)|[[Rahul Chahar]] (cousin)}}
}}

'''Malti Chahar''' (born 15 November 1991) is an Indian actress and model.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Malti Chahar |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/malti-chahar?from=mdr |access-date=1 October 2023 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> She made her debut in film ''Manicure'' as ''Meher Bhatia''.<ref name=":8">{{Citation |title=Manicure (Short 2017) {{!}} Short, Thriller |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6936622/ |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=Malti Chahar Latest News, Updates in Hindi {{!}} मालती चाहर के समाचार और अपडेट - AajTak |url=https://www.aajtak.in/topic/malti-chahar |access-date=18 August 2023 |website=आज तक |language=hi}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=21 October 2020 |title=Malti Chahar: I am excited and happy to resume work |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/malti-chahar-i-am-excited-and-happy-to-resume-work/articleshow/78792103.cms?_gl=1*nqy5w4*_gcl_au*MTE2MTcwNDI1Ny4xNjkyMDM1MTk1&from=mdr |access-date=18 August 2023 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> She is the sister of Indian cricketer [[Deepak Chahar]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Deepak Chahars sister Malti Chahar makes Bollywood DEBUT: Know all about supermodel, in PICS |url=https://zeenews.india.com/photos/sports/deepak-chahars-sister-malti-chahar-makes-bollywood-debut-know-all-about-supermodel-in-pics-2514825 |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Zee News |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=12 November 2019 |title=Deepak Chahar's Sister Malti Pens a Heartfelt Post After Indian Pacer Shatters T20I Records |url=https://www.news18.com/news/buzz/deepak-chahars-sister-malti-pens-a-heartwarming-post-after-indian-pacer-shatters-t20i-records-2383243.html |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=IPL 'mystery girl' Malti Chahar looks gorgeous at brother Deepak Chahar's wedding, check viral photos |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/cricket/photo-gallery-ipl-mystery-girl-malti-chahar-looks-gorgeous-in-lehenga-at-brother-deepak-chahar-wedding-viral-pics-2957698 |access-date=2 October 2023 |website=DNA India |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Chahar was born on 15 November 1991 in [[Agra]], [[Uttar Pradesh]].<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Meet Malti Chahar, sister of CSK star who has over 1 million followers on Instagram |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/report-meet-malti-chahar-sister-of-csk-star-who-has-over-1-million-followers-on-instagram-3041163 |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=DNA India |language=en}}</ref> Her father, Lokendra Singh Chahar is retired from the [[Indian Air Force]] and her mother, Pushpa Chahar, is a homemaker.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":0" /> She has one younger sibling [[Deepak Chahar]], who is an [[Indian cricketer]].<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" />

She did her schooling from [[Kendriya Vidyalaya No. 3, Agra|Kendriya Vidyalaya, Agra]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |date=3 June 2022 |title=Deepak Chahar Sister Malti: जानिए कौन हैं मालती, प्लान बनाकर कराई दीपक चाहर की शादी |url=https://www.aajtak.in/sports/cricket/photo/who-is-malti-chahar-sister-of-deepak-chahar-honeymoon-with-jaya-bhardwaj-actress-malti-chahar-tspo-1475817-2022-06-03 |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=आज तक |language=hi}}</ref> She received her B.Tech. in Computer science from [[Institute of Engineering and Technology|Institute of Engineering and Technology, Lucknow]].<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":9">{{Cite web |date=3 March 2022 |title=At the end of the day, performance matters, not looks: Malti Chahar |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/at-the-end-of-the-day-performance-matters-not-looks-malti-chahar-101646310670483.html |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>

== Career ==
Chahar started her career with the second runner-up in [[Femina Miss India Delhi|Femina Miss India Delhi 2014]] and was also awarded the title Miss Sudoku in [[Femina Miss India 2014]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=Malati Chahar-Miss India Contestants-Miss India-Beauty Pageant |url=https://femina.in/beauty-pageants/miss-india/miss-india-contestants/2014//contestantprofile/47798514.cms |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Femina Miss India}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{cite news |title=Koyal Rana wins Miss India 2014 title |work=Deccan Chronicle |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/140406/nation-current-affairs/article/koyal-rana-wins-miss-india-2014-title |url-status=live |access-date=7 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717151629/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/140406/nation-current-affairs/article/koyal-rana-wins-miss-india-2014-title |archive-date=17 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Koyal Rana wins fbb Femina Miss India Delhi 2014 - Beauty Pageants - Indiatimes |url=https://femina.in/beauty-pageants/miss-india/koyal-rana-wins-fbb-femina-miss-india-delhi-2014/articleshow/29370197.cms |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=Femina Miss India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-04-11 |title=Identity of IPL mystery girl revealed - Beauty Pageants - Indiatimes |url=https://femina.in/beauty-pageants/miss-india/identity-of-ipl-mystery-girl-revealed/articleshow/64010420.cms |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=Femina Miss India}}</ref> In 2017, she made her debut in short film ''Manicure'' as ''Meher Bhatia''.<ref name=":8" /><ref name=":1" /> She made her [[Bollywood]] debut in [[Anil Sharma (director)|Anil Sharma]]'s ''[[Genius (2018 Hindi film)|Genius]]'' as ''Rubina'' which released on 24 August 2018.<ref name=":9" /><ref>{{Citation |title=Genius (2018) ⭐ 5.0 {{!}} Action, Thriller |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt7722258/ |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=तस्वीरें: रील लाइफ में रॉ एजेंट बनेंगी इस क्रिकेटर की बहन, सोशल मीडिया पर हो चुकी हैं मशहूर |url=https://www.amarujala.com/photo-gallery/uttar-pradesh/agra/cricketer-deepak-chahar-s-sister-malti-chahar-upcoming-movie-genius |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Amar Ujala |language=hi}}</ref> In 2021, she prepared for a significant lead role in the thriller film ''Hush'', directed by [[Ashu Trikha]].<ref>{{Citation |title=Hush (2021) {{!}} Thriller |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt13290018/ |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref> She made her debut in Arvind Pandey's ''[[Ishq Pashmina]]'' as ''Omisha'' which released on 23 September 2022.<ref>{{Citation |title=Ishq Pashmina (2022) ⭐ 7.9 {{!}} Romance |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt22098270/ |access-date=1 October 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=21 May 2022 |title=Cricketer Deepak Chahar's sister Malti to make debut with 'Ishq Pashmina' |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/cricketer-deepak-chahars-sister-malti-to-make-debut-with-ishq-pashmina/articleshow/91705068.cms?from=mdr |access-date=1 October 2023 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Malti Chahar: बॉलीवुड में अपना जलवा दिखाएंगी आईपीएल की यह मिस्ट्री गर्ल, इस स्टार संग बुनेंगी 'इश्क पश्मीना' |url=https://www.amarujala.com/photo-gallery/entertainment/bollywood/malti-chahar-lead-role-love-story-film-ishq-pashmina-bhavin-bhanushali-poetic-love-story-arvind-pandey |access-date=1 October 2023 |website=Amar Ujala |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Service |first=Pragativadi News |date=25 August 2022 |title=Bhavin Bhanushali, Malti Chahar's 'Ishq Pashmina' Teaser Out! |url=https://pragativadi.com/bhavin-bhanushali-malti-chahars-ishq-pashmina-teaser-out/ |access-date=2 October 2023 |website=Pragativadi |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Filmography ==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year || Film || Role || Language || Notes
|-
| 2017 || ''Manicure'' || Meher Bhatia || Hindi ||
|-
| 2018 || ''[[Genius (2018 Hindi film)|Genius]]'' || Rubina || Hindi ||
|-
| 2021 || ''Hush'' || || Hindi ||
|-
| 2022 || ''[[Ishq Pashmina]]'' || Omisha || Hindi ||
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb person|9019532}}
* {{BH person|malti-chahar}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chahar, Malti}}
[[Category:Indian film actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses in Hindi cinema]]
[[Category:IET Lucknow alumni]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Female models from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:People from Agra]]
[[Category:People from Agra district]]

2023 ICC World Test Championship final

2023-08-16T14:54:42Z

Devinderkumar: /* Day 2 */

{{short description|Test Cricket match}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox cricket final
| title = 2023 ICC World Test Championship final
| image = 2023 World Test Championship Official Logo.jpeg
|imagesize =
| caption = Logo for the 2023 ICC World Test Championship final
| event = [[2021–2023 ICC World Test Championship]]
| team1 = [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]]
| team1flag = {{flagicon|AUS|size=40px}}
| team2 = [[India national cricket team|India]]
| team2flag = {{flagicon|IND|size=40px}}
| details = Australia won by 209 runs
| team1score1 = 469
| team1overs1 = 
| team1score2 = 270/8[[Declaration and forfeiture#Declaration|d]]
| team1overs2 = 
| team2score1 = 296
| team2overs1 = 
| team2score2 = 234
| team2overs2 = 
| date = 7–11 June 2023
| stadium = [[The Oval]]
| city = [[London]]
| man_of_the_match = [[Travis Head]] (Aus)
| umpires ={{plainlist|
*[[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ)
*[[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng)}}
| previous = [[2021 ICC World Test Championship final|2021]]
| next = 2025
}}
The final of the [[2021–2023 ICC World Test Championship]], a [[Test cricket|Test cricket match]], was played from 7 to 11 June 2023 at [[The Oval]], London, between [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] and [[India national cricket team|India]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/3053783 |title=The Ultimate Test confirmed for 7–11 June at The Oval |access-date=8 February 2023 |work=International Cricket Council}}</ref> Australia won the match by 209 runs to win the second edition of the [[ICC World Test Championship]]. This marked Australia's maiden win of the Championship. As winners, they received a cash prize of US$1.6 million, while the Indian team received a cash prize of US$800,000.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=11 June 2023 |title=Australia crowned World Test Champions after comprehensive win in The Ultimate Test |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/3534455 |website=International Cricket Council}}</ref> The victory in the final established Australia as the first team to have won all ICC tournaments across three [[cricket format]]s.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=11 June 2023 |title=Australia crowned ICC World Test Champions with win over India |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/3534406 |website=International Cricket Council}}</ref>

== Background ==
[[File:The Kia Oval - Aug 2011 - Panorama of the New Stand (6012296933).jpg|thumb|250px|Panorama view of Kia Oval, London, The venue for Final]]

The World Test Championship league standings were determined based on percentage of matches won by each of the teams during the league stages of the tournament. [[Geoff Allardice]], then acting chief executive of the [[International Cricket Council|ICC]], explained that this adjustment was made to simplify the calculation process and create a more accurate representation of the teams' achievements.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ICC confirms points structure for 2021–23 WTC cycle |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/wtc-2021-23-icc-confirms-points-structure-for-upcoming-cycle-1269601 |access-date=2023-06-09 |website=[[ESPNcricinfo]] |language=en}}</ref> In September 2022, the ICC announced that [[The Oval]] in London would host the 2023 ICC World Test Championship Final, the second consecutive time the final was taking place in England.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/2785808| title=Host venues for World Test Championship 2023 and 2025 Finals confirmed| publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]| date=21 September 2022| accessdate=12 June 2023}}</ref> In February 2023, the ICC confirmed that the final would take place from 7 to 11 June 2023, with a reserve day on 12 June.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/3053786| title=Dates confirmed for ICC World Test Championship 2023 final| publisher=[[International Cricket Council]]| date=8 February 2023| accessdate=12 June 2023}}</ref>

During the [[2021–2023 ICC World Test Championship]], both [[Australia national cricket team|Australia]] and [[India national cricket team|India]] emerged as the leading teams in terms of points.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India qualify for WTC final after New Zealand beat Sri Lanka in Christchurch |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/india-in-wtc-final-after-new-zealand-vs-sri-lanka-test-in-christchurch-ends-in-a-draw-1363322 |access-date=2023-06-12 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Standings {{!}} ICC World Test Championship {{!}} ICC |url=https://www.worldtestchampionship.com/standings |access-date=2023-06-12 |website=www.worldtestchampionship.com |language=en}}</ref> Going into the final India held the top position in the [[ICC Men's Test Team Rankings]] while Australia secured the second spot. Australia made their first-ever appearance in the world test final, whereas India had previously suffered a defeat against [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]] in the [[2021 ICC World Test Championship final|2021 final]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Lemon |first=Geoff |date=2023-06-06 |title=Reward or redemption? World Test Championship final looks entirely different for Australia and India |language=en-GB |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/jun/07/cricket-world-test-championship-final-australia-india |access-date=2023-06-09 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Their most recent test series, the [[Australian cricket team in India in 2022–23|2022-23 Border-Gavaskar Trophy]], was the last encounter between the two teams.<ref name=":0" /> On past performances, Australia had recorded only seven wins out of the 38 Test matches played at [[The Oval]], while India had managed just two victories.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sankar |first=Rohit |date=10 May 2023 |title=India and Australia out to improve record at The Oval during WTC final |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/3330488 |access-date=2023-05-24 |website=[[International Cricket Council|ICC]] |language=en}}</ref>

It is only the second instance of these two teams clashing in a final of a major ICC Event, the first being 20 years back in [[2003 Cricket World Cup final|2003 World Cup final]] at [[Wanderers Stadium|Johannesburg, South Africa]] where the [[Ricky Ponting]]-led mighty Australian team bamboozled a spirited Indian side led by [[Sourav Ganguly]] by a huge margin of 125 runs to successfully defend their title and win it for the third time.

Just weeks before the final, ICC made a change to the "[[Decision Review System#Umpire reviews|soft signal rule]]", an umpire's input to the decision review system, stating that the rule would not be in effect starting from the World Test Championship final.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Agarwal |first=Naman |date=2023-05-15 |title=Soft Signal Rule To Be Abolished In International Cricket, Starting World Test Championship Final |url=https://wisden.com/series-stories/world-test-championship-2021-23/soft-signal-rule-abolished-international-cricket-starting-world-test-championship-wtc-final |access-date=2023-06-09 |website=[[Wisden]] |language=en-GB}}</ref> On 7 June 2023, on the eve of the first day's play, ICC took measures to address potential disruptions from the intervention of [[Just Stop Oil]] protestors. Precautionary measures included preparation of a backup [[Cricket pitch|pitch]] for the final.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ICC preps back-up pitch for WTC final in case of protestor disruption |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/icc-back-up-pitch-the-oval-wtc-final-protestor-disruption-1380159 |access-date=2023-06-07 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Macpherson |first=Will |date=2023-06-06 |title=Reserve pitch prepared for World Test Championship final amid protest fears |language=en-GB |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/cricket/2023/06/06/reserve-pitch-world-test-championship-just-stop-oil-icc/ |url-access=subscription |access-date=2023-06-07 |issn=0307-1235}}</ref>

==Route to the final==
{{main|2021–2023 ICC World Test Championship#League stage}}

===League table===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:80%; font-size:95%; text-align:center;"
|-
! style="width:2%;" rowspan="2"| {{abbr|Pos.|Position}}
! style="width:15%;" rowspan="2"| Team
! colspan="4" style="width:5%;" | Matches
! style="width:3%;" rowspan="2"| {{Tooltip| Ded. |Point deductions}}
! style="width:3%;" rowspan="2"| {{Tooltip| Con. |Points contested}}
! style="width:3%;" rowspan="2"| {{Tooltip| Pts. |Points}}
! style="width:3%;" rowspan="2"| {{Tooltip| Pct. |Percentage of points won out of points contested}}
|-
! style="width:3%;"| {{Tooltip| P |Played}}
! style="width:3%;"| {{Tooltip| W |Won}}
! style="width:3%;"| {{Tooltip| L |Lost}}
! style="width:3%;"| {{Tooltip| D |Drawn}}
|- style="font-weight:bold; background:#cfc;"
| 1 || style="text-align:left;" | {{Cr|Australia}} ||19||11||3||5||0||228||152||66.7
|- style="font-weight:bold; background:#cfc;"
| 2 || style="text-align:left;" | {{Cr|India}}
||18||10||5||3||5||216||127||58.8
|-
| 3 || style="text-align:left;" | {{Cr|South Africa}}
||15||8||6||1||0||180|| 100||55.6
|-
| 4 || style="text-align:left;" | {{Cr|England}}
||22||10||8||4||12||264||124||47
|-
| 5 || style="text-align:left;" | {{Cr|Sri Lanka}}
||12||5||6||1||0||144||64||44.44
|-
| 6 || style="text-align:left;" | {{Cr|New Zealand}} ||13||4||6||3||0||156||60||38.46
|-
| 7 || style="text-align:left;" | {{Cr|Pakistan}} ||14||4||6||4||0||168||64||38.1
|-
| 8 || style="text-align:left;" | {{Cr|WIN}} ||13||4||7||2||2||156||54||34.6
|-
| 9 || style="text-align:left;" | {{Cr|Bangladesh}} ||12||1||10||1||0||144||16||11.1
|- class=sortbottom
| colspan="10" style="text-align:left;" |''Source: [[International Cricket Council]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/world-test-championship/standings |title=ICC World Test Championship 2021–2023 Standings |work=International Cricket Council |access-date=8 December 2021 |archive-date=1 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190801071654/https://www.icc-cricket.com/world-test-championship/standings |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/2987322 |title=World Test Championship: How your team can reach the final |work=International Cricket Council |access-date=11 February 2023 |archive-date=19 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221219032724/https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/2987322 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[ESPNcricinfo]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-test-championship-2021-2023-1268315/points-table-standings|title=ICC World Test Championship 2021–2023 Table|access-date=11 February 2023 |work=ESPN Cricinfo|archive-date=3 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211203141908/https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-test-championship-2021-2023-1268315/points-table-standings|url-status=live}}</ref> Last updated: 20 March 2023''
|}

===Results===
{| style="width:100%;text-align:center"
|- style="vertical-align:top;background:#9cf"
!colspan=2 style="width:1*"|{{cr|AUS}}
!Round
!colspan=2 style="width:1*"|{{cr|IND}}
|- style="vertical-align:top;background:#c1e0ff"
|Opponent
|Result
|[[2021–2023 ICC World Test Championship#League stage|League stage]]
|Opponent
|Result
|-
|{{cr|ENG}} (H)
|[[English cricket team in Australia in 2021–22#Test series|Australia 4 – 0 England]]
|style="background:#c1e0ff"|Series 1
|{{cr|ENG}} (A)
|[[Indian cricket team in England in 2021#Test series|India 2 – 2 England]]
|-
|{{cr|PAK}} (A)
|[[Australian cricket team in Pakistan in 2021–22#Test series|Australia 1 – 0 Pakistan]]
|style="background:#c1e0ff"|Series 2
|{{cr|NZ}} (H)
|[[New Zealand cricket team in India in 2021–22#Test series|India 1 – 0 New Zealand]]
|-
|{{cr|SL}} (A)
|[[Australian cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2022#Test series|Australia 1 – 1 Sri Lanka]]
|style="background:#c1e0ff"|Series 3
|{{cr|SA}} (A)
|[[Indian cricket team in South Africa in 2021–22#Test series|India 1 – 2]] [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]]
|-
|{{cr|WIN}} (H)
|[[West Indian cricket team in Australia in 2022–23#Test series|Australia 2 – 0 West Indies]]
|style="background:#c1e0ff"|Series 4
|{{cr|SL}} (H)
|[[Sri Lankan cricket team in India in 2021–22#Test series|India 2 – 0 Sri Lanka]]
|-
|{{cr|SA}} (H)
|[[South African cricket team in Australia in 2022–23#Test series|Australia 2 – 0 South Africa]]
|style="background:#c1e0ff"|Series 5
|{{cr|BAN}} (A)
|[[Indian cricket team in Bangladesh in 2022–23#Test series|India 2 – 0 Bangladesh]]
|-
|{{cr|IND}} (A)
|[[Australian cricket team in India in 2022–23#Test series|Australia 1 – 2 India]]
|style="background:#c1e0ff"|Series 6
|{{cr|AUS}} (H)
|[[Australian cricket team in India in 2022–23#Test series|India 2 – 1 Australia]]
|}
Source: <ref>{{Cite web |title=Results {{!}} ICC World Test Championship {{!}} ICC |author= |work=icc-cricket.com |date= |access-date=11 June 2023 |url= https://www.icc-cricket.com/world-test-championship/results}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=World Test Championship points table: India qualifies for WTC final after NZ beats SL, faces Australia in June final |author= |work=sportstar.thehindu.com |date=13 March 2023 |access-date=11 June 2023 |url= https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/international/icc-world-test-championship-points-table-update-india-vs-australia-wtc-final-2021-23-qualification/article66613186.ece}}</ref>

==Squads==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; margin:auto"
|-
! {{cr|AUS}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricket.com.au/news/josh-hazlewood-neser-harris-renshaw-marsh-australia-squad-world-test-championship-final/2023-05-29 |title=Hazlewood in as Aussies trim WTC final squad |access-date=29 May 2023 |work=Cricket Australia}}</ref>
! {{cr|IND}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bcci.tv/articles/2023/news/55556001/india-squad-for-icc-world-test-championship-2023-final |title=India squad for ICC World Test Championship 2023 Final|work=Board of Control for Cricket in India |access-date=25 April 2023}}</ref>
|- style="vertical-align:top"
|
* [[Pat Cummins]] ([[captain (cricket)|c]])
* [[Steve Smith (cricketer)|Steve Smith]] ([[captain (cricket)#Vice captain|vc]])
* [[Scott Boland]]
* [[Alex Carey (cricketer)|Alex Carey]] ([[Wicket-keeper|wk]])
* [[Cameron Green]]
* [[Marcus Harris (cricketer)|Marcus Harris]]
* <s>[[Josh Hazlewood]]</s>
* [[Travis Head]]
* [[Josh Inglis]]
* [[Usman Khawaja]]
* [[Marnus Labuschagne]]
* [[Nathan Lyon]]
* [[Todd Murphy]]
* [[Michael Neser]]
* [[Mitchell Starc]]
* [[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]]
|
* [[Rohit Sharma]] ([[captain (cricket)|c]])
* [[Ravichandran Ashwin]]
* [[K. S. Bharat]] ([[Wicket-keeper|wk]])
* [[Shubman Gill]]
* [[Ravindra Jadeja]]
* [[Ishan Kishan]] ([[Wicket-keeper|wk]])
* [[Virat Kohli]]
* [[Axar Patel]]
* [[Cheteshwar Pujara]]
* [[Ajinkya Rahane]]
* <s>[[K. L. Rahul]]</s>
* [[Mohammed Shami]]
* [[Mohammed Siraj]]
* [[Shardul Thakur]]
* [[Jaydev Unadkat]]
* [[Umesh Yadav]]
|}

=== Changes ===

* On 5 May 2023, [[K. L. Rahul]] was ruled out due to a thigh injury and on 8 May 2023, [[Ishan Kishan]] was announced as his replacement.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=8 May 2023 |title=India name KL Rahul's replacement for WTC final |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/3326464 |website=International Cricket Council}}</ref>

* On 4 June 2023, [[Josh Hazlewood]] was ruled out due to an Achilles and side issue, with [[Michael Neser]] was named as his replacement.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Injury forces Australia into late change to World Test Championship Final squad |url=https://icc-cricket.com/news/3529185 |access-date=4 June 2023 |work=International Cricket Council}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricket.com.au/news/josh-hazlewood-injury-update-wtc-final-australia-squad-change-michael-neser/2023-06-04 |title=Hazlewood ruled out of WTC Final, Neser joins squad |access-date=4 June 2023 |work=Cricket Australia}}</ref>

== Match ==
=== Match details and scorecard ===

{{Two-innings cricket match
| date = 7–11 June 2023
| team1 = {{cr-rt|AUS}}
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}

| score-team1-inns1 = 469 (121.3 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Travis Head]] 163 (174)
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Mohammed Siraj]] 4/108 (28.3 overs)

| score-team2-inns1 = 296 (69.4 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Ajinkya Rahane]] 89 (129)
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Pat Cummins]] 3/83 (20 overs)

| score-team1-inns2 = 270/8[[Declaration and forfeiture#Declaration|d]] (84.3 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Alex Carey (cricketer)|Alex Carey]] 66[[not out|*]] (105)
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Ravindra Jadeja]] 3/58 (23 overs)

| score-team2-inns2 = 234 (63.3 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Virat Kohli]] 49 (78)
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Nathan Lyon]] 4/41 (15.3 overs)

| result = Australia won by 209 runs
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1358412.html Scorecard]
| venue = [[The Oval]], [[London]]
| umpires = [[Chris Gaffaney]] (NZ) and [[Richard Illingworth]] (Eng)
| motm = [[Travis Head]] (Aus)
| toss = India won the toss and elected to field.
| rain =
| notes = [[Rohit Sharma]] (Ind) and [[Pat Cummins]] (Aus) both played their 50th Test.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/wtc-final-rohit-sharma-pat-cummins-50th-test-ind-vs-aus-oval-world-test-championship-2023/article66940965.ece/amp/ |title=WTC Final 2023: Rohit Sharma, Pat Cummins feature in their 50th Tests at Oval |work=Sportstar |date=7 June 2023 |access-date=7 June 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/sports/cricket/rohit-sharma-pat-cummins-to-reach-milestone-in-wtc-final-50th-test-match-for-both-captains20230607144022/ |title=Rohit Sharma, Pat Cummins to reach milestone in WTC final, 50th Test match for both captains |work=ANI News |access-date=7 June 2023}}</ref>
* [[Mohammed Siraj]] (Ind) took his 50th wicket in Tests.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/wtc-final-2023-india-australia-mohammad-siraj-pacer-50-test-wickets/article66945764.ece/amp/ |title=WTC Final, IND vs AUS: Siraj reaches 50 Test wickets |work=Sportstar |date=8 June 2023 |access-date=8 June 2023}}</ref>
* [[Ajinkya Rahane]] (Ind) scored his 5000th run in Test cricket.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/sports/cricket/icc-world-test-championship/ajinkya-rahane-completes-5000-runs-in-test-cricket-becomes-13th-indian-to-achieve-the-feat/amp_articleshow/100877399.cms |title=Ajinkya Rahane completes 5000 runs in Test cricket, becomes 13th Indian to achieve the feat |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=Times of India|date=9 June 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/sports/cricket/story/wtc-final-ajinkya-rahane-completes-5000-runs-in-his-83rd-test-match-2390914-2023-06-09 |title=WTC Final: Ajinkya Rahane completes 5000 runs in his 83rd Test match |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=India Today}}</ref>
* [[Virat Kohli]] (Ind) became the fifth batsman, to score 2,000 runs against a single team in Tests<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/sports/cricket/story/wtc-final-australia-vs-india-virat-kohli-2000-runs-5th-batter-milestone-london-2391427-2023-06-10 |title=WTC Final 2023: Virat Kohli becomes 5th India batter to complete 2000 runs in Test cricket vs Australia |access-date=11 June 2023 |work=India Today}}</ref> and became the second batsman, to score 5,000 international runs against a single team.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/virat-kohli-5000-runs-vs-australia-all-formats-2000-test-ind-vs-aus-wtc-final-2023-tendulkar/article66941464.ece/amp/ |title=WTC Final 2023: Kohli completes 5000 runs vs Australia, second Indian after Sachin |work=Sportstar |date=10 June 2023 |access-date=11 June 2023}}</ref>
* With this victory, Australia became the first team to win all ICC titles.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=11 June 2023 |title=WTC Final: Australia beats India by 209 runs to win World Test Championship, first team to win all ICC titles |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/cricket/australia-wins-wtc-final-202-india-ind-vs-aus-win-all-icc-titles-oval-london-pat-cummins/article66957498.ece |website=SportStar|date=11 June 2023 }}</ref>
}}

===Match officials===
* '''On-field [[umpire (cricket)|umpires]]''': [[Chris Gaffaney]] and [[Richard Illingworth]]
* '''[[Third umpire]]''': [[Richard Kettleborough]]
* '''[[Fourth umpire|Reserve umpire]]''': [[Kumar Dharmasena]]
* '''[[Match referee]]''': [[Richie Richardson]]

=== Summary ===
==== Day 1 ====
Australian opener [[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]] made a steady start for his team, while his partner [[Usman Khawaja]] fell for a duck to [[Mohammed Siraj|Mohammad Siraj]]'s delivery.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bull |first=Andy |date=2023-06-07 |title=Cricket's absurd championship climax perfect for brilliantly silly Test game |language=en-GB |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/jun/07/crickets-absurd-championship-climax-perfect-for-brilliantly-silly-test-game |access-date=2023-06-09 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> By the lunch break, Australia had reached a score of 73/2. Shortly after lunch, [[Marnus Labuschagne]] was dismissed by [[Mohammed Shami]]. [[Travis Head]], batting at number five, adopted an aggressive approach and scored runs quickly, surpassing the fifty-run mark before tea. At that stage, Australia's total stood at 170/3. Following tea, Head and [[Steve Smith (cricketer)|Steve Smith]] formed a valuable partnership, reaching the milestone of a hundred runs together. Smith also completed his fifty during the course of their partnership. In the 66th over, Head achieved the significant feat of scoring a [[Century (cricket)|century]], marking his first century outside of Australia.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lemon |first=Geoff |date=2023-06-07 |title=Australia's Head-start changes emphasis and puts India to the sword |language=en-GB |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2023/jun/07/australia-travis-head-india-world-test-championship-final-cricket |access-date=2023-06-09 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> By the end of the day's play, the partnership between Smith and Head had reached 251 runs, with Australia finishing strongly at 327/3. Head's individual score stood at 146, while Smith remained unbeaten on 95.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Burnton |first=Simon |date=2023-06-07 |title=Travis Head's fluent 146 not out against India turns WTC final Australia's way |language=en-GB |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/jun/07/cricket-australia-india-world-test-championship-final-day-one-match-report |access-date=2023-06-10 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>
==== Day 2 ====
On the second day of the match, Smith also reached the milestone of scoring a century for the thirty-first time in Test cricket.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lemon |first=Geoff |date=2023-06-08 |title=Beware, England: Steve Smith looks like a batting immortal again |language=en-GB |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/jun/08/cricket-england-australia-ashes-steve-smith-batting-immortal |access-date=2023-06-09 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> However, the Indian pacers soon started taking wickets. Travis Head was dismissed by Siraj, followed by a quick succession of wickets with [[Cameron Green]] and Smith both falling, the latter being bowled by [[Shardul Thakur]]. By lunchtime, Australia's score stood at 422/7. After the break, the wickets continued to tumble at one end while [[Alex Carey (cricketer)|Alex Carey]] showed resilience with a knock of 48 before being adjudged [[Leg before wicket|lbw]] to [[Ravindra Jadeja]]. At a total of 469, the last tailender and captain [[Pat Cummins]] departed after being caught by [[Ajinkya Rahane]] at the [[Cover (cricket)|covers]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Burnton |first=Simon |date=2023-06-08 |title=Australia take control of WTC final as India contribute to own downfall |language=en-GB |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/jun/08/cricket-australia-india-world-test-championship-final-day-two-match-report |access-date=2023-06-09 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

It was then time for the Indian openers, [[Shubman Gill]] and captain [[Rohit Sharma]], to take the field. However, Sharma was dismissed by opposition skipper Cummins, and shortly after, Gill made a judgment error and was bowled. As tea approached, India found themselves at 30/2, with [[Virat Kohli]] and [[Cheteshwar Pujara]] at the crease. In the last session of the day, India continued to lose wickets, with Kohli and Pujara being dismissed by [[Mitchell Starc]] and Cameron Green, respectively. Jadeja increased the scoring rate for the team before being caught by Smith off the bowling of [[Nathan Lyon]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Macpherson |first=Will |date=2023-06-08 |title=Australia's relentless five-man attack in ominously fine fettle |language=en-GB |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/cricket/2023/06/08/australia-india-wtc-final-day-two-cameron-green/ |url-access=subscription |access-date=2023-06-09 |issn=0307-1235}}</ref> As the day concluded, India were on 151/5, with Rahane on 29, accompanied by wicketkeeper-batsman [[K. S. Bharat]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Australia vs India Scorecard 2021–2023 {{!}} Cricket Scorecard |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/icc-world-test-championship-2021-2023-1268315/australia-vs-india-final-1358412/full-scorecard |access-date=2023-06-11 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>

==== Day 3 ====
At the beginning of the third day, Bharat fell swiftly to [[Scott Boland]]'s bowling, while Thakur survived a dropped catch in the slips. Rahane eventually reached the fifty with a [[Six (cricket)|six]], albeit being given another lifeline when Warner dropped him. Cummins appeared to have Thakur dismissed lbw, but the decision was overturned due to a [[no-ball]], similar to what happened with Rahane the previous day.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lemon |first=Geoff |date=2023-06-09 |title=Pat Cummins loses cool but not threat as Australia's attack excels again |language=en-GB |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/jun/09/pat-cummins-lose-cool-but-not-threat-as-australias-attack-excels-again |access-date=2023-06-11 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Approaching the lunch break, India's score reached 260/6. Shortly after lunch, Rahane's [[innings]] came to an end as he was caught by Green while on 89.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wigmore |first=Tim |date=2023-06-09 |title=Pat Cummins' bowling has one flaw: no-balls |language=en-GB |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/cricket/2023/06/09/pat-cummins-bowling-has-one-flaw-no-balls/ |url-access=subscription |access-date=2023-06-11 |issn=0307-1235}}</ref> Thakur managed to complete his fifty, but his dismissal triggered a collapse in India's score, concluding at 296 and trailing by 173 runs.

Australia's second innings commenced with an early setback, as Warner was caught behind off Siraj's bowling. By tea, Australia had reached 23/1. However, in the post-tea session, Khawaja also fell victim to a catch behind off [[Umesh Yadav]]'s delivery. Labuschagne and Smith then formed a fifty partnership, but their progress was halted when Smith's aggressive shot was caught off Jadeja's bowling. Head, who had displayed exceptional form in the previous innings, entered the crease but soon fell prey to a [[caught and bowled]] off Jadeja's delivery, two balls after Yadav's fumble resulted in an unintended six.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Burnton |first=Simon |date=2023-06-09 |title=Labuschagne and Smith keep Australia in control of final after India fightback |language=en-GB |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/jun/09/world-test-championship-australia-india-cricket-day-three-report |access-date=2023-06-11 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> Australia concluded the day at 123/4, holding a lead of 296 runs.<ref name=":1" />

==== Day 4 ====
On the fourth day's commencement, Labuschagne was caught in the [[Slip (cricket)|slip]] cordon by Pujara. Green and Carey displayed determined batting, forging a partnership that approached the fifty-run mark until Green's dismissal, wherein the ball dislodged the [[Bail (cricket)|bails]] in an unconventional manner. By lunchtime, Australia's score stood at 201/6. As play resumed, Carey reached his half-century after previously missing out, while Starc exhibited quick scoring at the other end. By the 79th over, Australia's lead exceeded 400 runs. Following Starc's departure on 41, Cummins was soon caught, prompting the [[Declare (cricket)|declaration of the innings]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bull |first=Andy |date=2023-06-10 |title=Cummins' lack of intent shows sharp contrast of styles before Ashes duel |language=en-GB |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2023/jun/10/cummins-lack-of-intent-shows-sharp-contrast-of-styles-before-ashes-duel |access-date=2023-06-10 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref>

With a target of 444 runs, India faced the task of chasing down what would have been a record-breaking chase in Test cricket. The openers adopted an aggressive approach, scoring at a run-a-ball rate, until a contentious slip catch was claimed by Green off the bat of Gill.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wigmore |first=Tim |date=2023-06-10 |title=Disputed Cameron Green catch overshadows Australia dominance over India |language=en-GB |work=The Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/cricket/2023/06/10/cameron-green-catch-overshadows-australia-dominance-india/ |url-access=subscription |access-date=2023-06-11 |issn=0307-1235}}</ref> Before tea, India had reached 41/1 in 7 overs of their innings. Upon resumption, Pujara and Sharma constructed a fifty-run partnership, but Sharma fell victim to an lbw decision while attempting a lap-[[Sweep shot|sweep]] off Lyon's bowling. Soon after, Pujara also departed. However, Kohli and Rahane formed a seventy-run partnership, with Kohli on 44[[Not out|*]] and Rahane on 20*. As on the final day, India had to chase down a target of 280 runs.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Burnton |first=Simon |date=2023-06-10 |title=Virat Kohli gives India a glimmer of hope after Australia set daunting target |language=en-GB |work=[[The Observer]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/jun/10/virat-kohli-gives-india-a-glimmer-of-hope-after-australia-set-daunting-target |access-date=2023-06-11 |issn=0029-7712}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Kohli stands between Australia and Test title |language=en-GB |work=[[BBC Sport]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/65867736 |access-date=2023-06-11}}</ref>

==== Day 5 ====
On the final day of the game, the momentum shifted in favour of Australia as Kohli, batting at 49, edged a delivery that was caught by Smith, diving to his right to collect it two-handed. Two balls later, Jadeja fell victim to Boland's delivery, departing the field without adding any runs to the scoreboard. For India, the wickets continued to tumble, and they were eventually bowled out for a total of 234 runs.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Burnton |first=Simon |date=2023-06-11 |title=Kohli exposed as Australia beat India to win World Test Championship final |language=en-GB |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/jun/11/kohli-exposed-cricket-australia-beat-india-to-win-world-test-championship-final |access-date=2023-06-11 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> With this result, Australia emerged victorious in the [[2021–2023 ICC World Test Championship]], securing a 209-run win.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Australia crowned World Test Championship winners |language=en-GB |work=[[BBC Sport]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/cricket/65867740 |access-date=2023-06-11}}</ref> Travis Head, who made significant contributions, received player of the match award. This achievement established Australia as the first and, thus far, the only team to have won all ICC tournaments.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Conn |first=Malcolm |date=2023-06-11 |title=Australia claim World Test Championship title with emphatic victory |url=https://www.smh.com.au/sport/cricket/australia-claim-world-test-championship-title-with-emphatic-victory-20230611-p5dfqh.html |url-access=registration |access-date=2023-06-11 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |language=en}}</ref>

Scorecard Source: <ref name=finalscorecard>{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1358412.html |title=Final: Final, ICC World Test Championship at The Oval, June 7–11 2023 |work=ESPNcricinfo |access-date=8 June 2023 |date=8 June 2023}}</ref>
;Australia 1st innings
{{Cricket match batting box begin|title={{cr|AUS}} batting}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]] |status=c †Bharat b Thakur|runs=43|balls=60|4s=8|6s=0|strike_rate=71.66}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Usman Khawaja]] |status=c †Bharat b Siraj|runs=0|balls=10|4s=0|6s=0|strike_rate=0.00}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Marnus Labuschagne]] |status=b Shami|runs=26|balls=62|4s=3|6s=0|strike_rate=41.93}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Steve Smith (cricketer)|Steve Smith]] |status=b Thakur|runs=121|balls=268|4s=19|6s=0|strike_rate=45.14}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Travis Head]] |status=c †Bharat b Siraj|runs=163|balls=174|4s=25|6s=1|strike_rate=93.67}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Cameron Green]] |status=c Gill b Shami|runs=6|balls=7|4s=1|6s=0|strike_rate=85.71}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Alex Carey (cricketer)|Alex Carey]]
|status=lbw b Jadeja|runs=48|balls=69|4s=7|6s=1|strike_rate=69.56}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Mitchell Starc]] |status=run out (sub [Patel])|runs=5|balls=20|4s=0|6s=0|strike_rate=25.00}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Pat Cummins]] |status=c Rahane b Siraj|runs=9|balls=34|4s=0|6s=0|strike_rate=26.47}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Nathan Lyon]] |status=b Siraj|runs=9|balls=25|4s=1|6s=0|strike_rate=36.00}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Scott Boland]] |status=not out|runs=1|balls=7|4s=0|6s=0|strike_rate=14.28}}

{{Cricket match batsman status|player=Extras|status=(b 13, lb 10, nb 7, w 8)|runs=38|balls=|4s=|6s=|strike_rate=}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player='''Total'''|status=(10 wickets; 121.3 overs)|runs='''469'''|balls=|4s=64|6s=2|strike_rate=}}
{{Cricket match box end}}

Fall of wickets: 1–2 (Khawaja, 3.4 ov), 2–71 (Warner, 21.4 ov), 3–76 (Labuschagne, 24.1 ov), 4–361 (Head, 91.1 ov), 5–376 (Green, 94.2 ov), 6–387 (Smith, 98.1 ov), 7–402 (Starc, 103.5 ov), 8–453 (Carey, 114.4 ov), 9–468 (Lyon, 119.5 ov), 10–469 (Cummins, 121.3 ov)

{{Cricket match bowling box begin|title={{cr|IND}} bowling}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Mohammed Shami]]|overs=29|maiden=4|runs=122|wickets=2|econ=4.20|wides=1|no-balls=2}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Mohammed Siraj]]|overs=28.3|maiden=4|runs=108|wickets=4|econ=3.78|wides=3|no-balls=1}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Umesh Yadav]]|overs=23|maiden=5|runs=77|wickets=0|econ=3.34|wides=0|no-balls=0}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Shardul Thakur]]|overs=23|maiden=4|runs=83|wickets=2|econ=3.60|wides=0|no-balls=4}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Ravindra Jadeja]]|overs=18|maiden=2|runs=56|wickets=1|econ=3.11|wides=0|no-balls=0}}
{{Cricket match box end}}

;India 1st innings
{{Cricket match batting box begin|title={{cr|IND}} batting}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Rohit Sharma]] |status=lbw b Cummins|runs=15|balls=26|4s=2|6s=0|strike_rate=57.69}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Shubman Gill]] |status=b Boland|runs=13|balls=15|4s=2|6s=0|strike_rate=86.66}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Cheteshwar Pujara]] |status=b Green|runs=14|balls=25|4s=2|6s=0|strike_rate=56.00}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Virat Kohli]] |status=c Smith b Starc|runs=14|balls=31|4s=2|6s=0|strike_rate=45.16}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Ajinkya Rahane]] |status=c Green b Cummins|runs=89|balls=129|4s=11|6s=1|strike_rate=68.99}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Ravindra Jadeja]] |status=c Smith b Lyon|runs=48|balls=51|4s=7|6s=1|strike_rate=94.11}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[K. S. Bharat]] |status=b Boland|runs=5|balls=15|4s=0|6s=0|strike_rate=33.33}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Shardul Thakur]] |status= c †Carey b Green|runs=51|balls=109|4s=6|6s=0|strike_rate=46.78}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Umesh Yadav]] |status=b Cummins|runs=5|balls=11|4s=1|6s=0|strike_rate=45.45}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Mohammed Shami]] |status=c †Carey b Starc|runs=13|balls=11|4s=2|6s=0|strike_rate=118.18}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Mohammed Siraj]] |status=not out|runs=0|balls=3|4s=0|6s=0|strike_rate=0.00}}

{{Cricket match batsman status|player=Extras|status=(b 10, lb 10, nb 8, w 1)|runs=29|balls=|4s=|6s=|strike_rate=}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player='''Total'''|status=(10 wickets; 69.4 overs)|runs='''296'''|balls=|4s=35|6s=2|strike_rate=}}
{{Cricket match box end}}

Fall of wickets: 1–30 (Rohit, 5.6 ov), 2–30 (Gill, 6.4 ov), 3–50 (Pujara, 13.5 ov), 4–71 (Kohli, 18.2 ov), 5–142 (Jadeja, 34.3 ov), 6–152 (Bharat, 38.2 ov), 7–261 (Rahane, 61.6 ov), 8–271 (Yadav, 65.5 ov), 9–294 (Thakur, 68.3 ov), 10–296 (Shami, 69.4 ov)

{{Cricket match bowling box begin|title={{cr|AUS}} bowling}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Mitchell Starc]]|overs=13.4|maiden=0|runs=71|wickets=2|econ=5.19|wides=0|no-balls=0}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Pat Cummins]]|overs=20|maiden=2|runs=83|wickets=3|econ=4.15|wides=0|no-balls=6}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Scott Boland]]|overs=20|maiden=6|runs=59|wickets=2|econ=2.95|wides=0|no-balls=0}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Cameron Green]]|overs=12|maiden=1|runs=44|wickets=2|econ=3.66|wides=1|no-balls=2}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Nathan Lyon]]|overs=4|maiden=0|runs=19|wickets=1|econ=4.75|wides=0|no-balls=0}}
{{Cricket match box end}}

;Australia 2nd innings
{{Cricket match batting box begin|title={{cr|AUS}} batting}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Usman Khawaja]] |status=c †Bharat b Yadav|runs=13|balls=39|4s=2|6s=0|strike_rate=33.33}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[David Warner (cricketer)|David Warner]] |status=c †Bharat b Siraj|runs=1|balls=8|4s=0|6s=0|strike_rate=12.50}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Marnus Labuschagne]] |status=c Pujara b Yadav|runs=41|balls=126|4s=4|6s=0|strike_rate=32.53}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Steve Smith (cricketer)|Steve Smith]] |status=c Thakur b Jadeja|runs=34|balls=47|4s=3|6s=0|strike_rate=72.34}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Travis Head]] |status=c & b Jadeja|runs=18|balls=27|4s=0|6s=2|strike_rate=66.66}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Cameron Green]] |status=b Jadeja|runs=25|balls=95|4s=4|6s=0|strike_rate=26.31}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Alex Carey (cricketer)|Alex Carey]]
|status=not out|runs=66|balls=105|4s=8|6s=0|strike_rate=62.85}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Mitchell Starc]] |status=c Kohli b Shami|runs=41|balls=57|4s=7|6s=0|strike_rate=71.92}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Pat Cummins]] |status=c sub (Patel) b Shami|runs=5|balls=5|4s=1|6s=0|strike_rate=100.00}}

{{Cricket match batsman status|player=Extras|status=(b 9, lb 9, nb 2, w 6)|runs=26|balls=|4s=|6s=|strike_rate=}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player='''Total'''|status=(8 wickets; 84.3 overs)|runs='''270/8[[Declaration and forfeiture#Declaration|d]]'''|balls=|4s=29|6s=2|strike_rate=}}
{{Cricket match box end}}

Fall of wickets: 1–2 (Warner, 3.3 ov), 2–24 (Khawaja, 14.1 ov), 3–86 (Smith, 30.1 ov), 4–111 (Head, 36.3 ov), 5–124 (Labuschagne, 46.4 ov), 6–167 (Green, 62.6 ov), 7–260 (Starc, 82.6 ov), 8–270 (Cummins, 84.3 ov)

{{Cricket match bowling box begin|title={{cr|IND}} bowling}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Mohammed Shami]]|overs=16.3|maiden=6|runs=39|wickets=2|econ=2.36|wides=1|no-balls=1}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Mohammed Siraj]]|overs=20|maiden=2|runs=80|wickets=1|econ=4.00|wides=1|no-balls=1}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Shardul Thakur]]|overs=8|maiden=1|runs=21|wickets=0|econ=2.62|wides=0|no-balls=0}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Umesh Yadav]]|overs=17|maiden=1|runs=54|wickets=2|econ=3.17|wides=0|no-balls=0}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Ravindra Jadeja]]|overs=23|maiden=4|runs=58|wickets=3|econ=2.52|wides=0|no-balls=0}}
{{Cricket match box end}}

;Indian 2nd innings
{{Cricket match batting box begin|title={{cr|IND}} batting}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Rohit Sharma]] |status=lbw b Lyon|runs=43|balls=60|4s=7|6s=1|strike_rate=71.66}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Shubman Gill]] |status=c Green b Boland|runs=18|balls=19|4s=2|6s=0|strike_rate=94.73}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Cheteshwar Pujara]] |status=c †Carey b Cummins|runs=27|balls=47|4s=5|6s=0|strike_rate=57.44}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Virat Kohli]] |status=c Smith b Boland|runs=49|balls=78|4s=7|6s=0|strike_rate=62.82}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Ajinkya Rahane]] |status=c †Carey b Starc|runs=46|balls=108|4s=7|6s=0|strike_rate=42.59}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Ravindra Jadeja]] |status=c †Carey b Boland|runs=0|balls=2|4s=0|6s=0|strike_rate=0.00}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[K. S. Bharat]] |status=c & b Lyon|runs=23|balls=41|4s=2|6s=0|strike_rate=56.09}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Shardul Thakur]] |status=lbw b Lyon|runs=0|balls=5|4s=0|6s=0|strike_rate=0.00}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Umesh Yadav]] |status=c †Carey b Starc|runs=1|balls=12|4s=0|6s=0|strike_rate=8.33}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Mohammed Shami]] |status=not out|runs=13|balls=8|4s=3|6s=0|strike_rate=162.50}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player=[[Mohammed Siraj]] |status=c Boland b Lyon|runs=1|balls=6|4s=0|6s=0|strike_rate=16.66}}

{{Cricket match batsman status|player=Extras|status=(lb 2, nb 5, w 6)|runs=13|balls=|4s=|6s=|strike_rate=}}
{{Cricket match batsman status|player='''Total'''|status=(10 wickets; 63.3 overs)|runs='''234'''|balls=|4s=33|6s=1|strike_rate=}}
{{Cricket match box end}}

Fall of wickets: 1–41 (Gill, 7.1 ov), 2–92 (Rohit, 19.5 ov), 3–93 (Pujara, 20.4 ov), 4–179 (Kohli, 46.3 ov), 5–179 (Jadeja, 46.5 ov), 6–212 (Rahane, 56.2 ov), 7–213 (Thakur, 57.4 ov), 8–220 (Yadav, 60.2 ov), 9–224 (Bharat, 61.5 ov), 10–234 (Siraj, 63.3 ov)

{{Cricket match bowling box begin|title={{cr|AUS}} bowling}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Pat Cummins]]|overs=13|maiden=1|runs=55|wickets=1|econ=4.23|wides=1|no-balls=4}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Scott Boland]]|overs=16|maiden=2|runs=46|wickets=3|econ=2.87|wides=0|no-balls=0}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Mitchell Starc]]|overs=14|maiden=1|runs=77|wickets=2|econ=5.50|wides=0|no-balls=1}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Cameron Green]]|overs=5|maiden=0|runs=13|wickets=0|econ=2.60|wides=1|no-balls=0}}
{{Cricket match bowler status|bowler=[[Nathan Lyon]]|overs=15.3|maiden=2|runs=41|wickets=4|econ=2.64|wides=0|no-balls=0}}
{{Cricket match box end}}

==Broadcasting==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ List of broadcasters<ref>{{Cite web |title=Broadcasters {{!}} ICC World Test Championship {{!}} ICC |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/world-test-championship/broadcasters |access-date=2023-06-06 |work=International Cricket Council}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=WTC 2023 {{!}} Official Broadcasters |url=https://www.worldtestchampionship.com/official-broadcasters |access-date=2023-06-07 |work=World Test Championship}}</ref>
! Country !! Television broadcaster(s)
! Radio
! Digital streaming
|-
|Afghanistan
|Ariana Television Ariana News
|
|Ariana Television Ariana News
|-
|Australia
|[[Seven Network]]
|[[Sports Entertainment Network|SEN]]
|[[7plus]]
|-
|Bangladesh
|[[GTV (Bangladeshi TV channel)|GTV]] [[T Sports]]
|
|Rabbithole, Toffee
|-
|United Kingdom Ireland
|[[Sky Sports]]
|[[BBC iPlayer|BBC]]
|[[Sky Go]] [[Now (Sky)|NOW]]
|-
|All [[Caribbean islands]]
|Sportsmax
|
|Sportsmax App
|-
|USA and Canada
|[[Willow (TV channel)|Willow]]
|
|[[Willow (TV channel)|Willow TV]]
|-
|India || [[Star Sports (Indian TV network)|Star Sports]]
|[[All India Radio]]
|[[Disney+ Hotstar]]
|-
|New Zealand
|[[Sky Sport (New Zealand)|Sky Sports]]
|NZME Radio
|[[Sky Go]] [[Sky Sport (New Zealand)|Sky Sports Now]]
|-
|[[MENA]]
|CricLife Starzplay
|
|
|-
|Sri Lanka
|Maharaja TV [[TV One (Sri Lankan TV channel)|TV One]]
|
|
|-
|Sub Saharan Africa
|[[SuperSport (South African broadcaster)|Supersport]]
|
|DSTV App
|-
|Pacific Islands
|[[Digicel]] TVWan Sports 2 TVWan Sports 3
|
|
|-
|Rest of the World
|
|
|ICC.tv
|}

The ICC also named the following panel of commentators for the final:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/video/3531172|title=Commentators' curse: WTC Final commentators on what to expect from an all-star cast|work=International Cricket Council|access-date=7 June 2023}}</ref>
* [[Harsha Bhogle]]
* [[Sunil Gavaskar]]
* [[Matthew Hayden]]
* [[Nasser Hussain]]
* [[Dinesh Karthik]]
* [[Justin Langer]]
* [[Alison Mitchell]]
* [[Ricky Ponting]]
* [[Kumar Sangakkara]]
* [[Ravi Shastri]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{2021–2023 ICC World Test Championship}}
{{International cricket in 2023}}

[[Category:ICC World Test Championship|*]]
[[Category:June 2023 sports events in the United Kingdom|ICC]]
[[Category:2023 sports events in London|ICC]]
[[Category:Australia in international cricket]]
[[Category:India in international cricket]]
[[Category:2023 in Australian cricket|ICC]]
[[Category:2023 in Indian cricket|ICC]]

Fourth Pema Khandu Ministry

2023-07-19T21:52:07Z

Devinderkumar: Shared an inspiring article.

{{short description|Arunachal Pradesh Council of Ministers headed by Pema Khandu}}
{{Use dmy dates}}
{{Use Indian English}}
{{Infobox government cabinet
| cabinet_type = Ministry
| cabinet_number = 17th
| jurisdiction = [[Arunachal Pradesh]]
| flag =
| flag_border = true
| image =Pema Khandu in July 2016.jpg
| caption = [[Pema Khandu]] [[Hon'ble]] [[Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh]]
| date_formed = 29 May 2019
| government_head = [[Pema Khandu]] ([[Bhartiya Janata Party|BJP]])
| government_head_title = [[Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh|Chief Minister]]
| state_head = *[[B. D. Mishra]] (until 15 February 2023)
*[[Kaiwalya Trivikram Parnaik]] (since 16 February 2023)
| state_head_title = [[Governor of Arunachal Pradesh|Governor]]
| members_number =
| former_members_number =
| total_number =
| political_parties =
{{Color box|{{party color|Bhartiya Janata Party|BJP}}|border=silver}} [[Bhartiya Janata Party|BJP]]
| legislature_status =
'''[[Government of Arunachal Pradesh|Government]] (52)'''
'''[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]] (52)'''
*{{Color box|{{Party color|Bhartiya Janata Party}}}} [[Bhartiya Janata Party|BJP]] (48)
*{{Party legend|National People's Party (India)|4|shortname=NPP}}
'''Opposition (7)''' 
*{{Color box|{{Party color|Indian National Congress}}}} [[Indian National Congress|INC]] (4)
*{{Color box|{{Party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}}} [[All India Trinamool Congress|AITC]] (1)
*{{Party legend|Independent politician|2|shortname=IND}}
* [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
{{Composition bar|52|60|{{party color|[[National Democratic Alliance]]}}|background-color=|border border-color=darkgray|width=|per=1}}
* Opposition
{{Composition bar|7|60|{{party color|Independent politician}}|background-color=|border border-color=darkgray|width=|per=1}}
| opposition_cabinet =
| opposition_party = None
| opposition_leader = Vacant
| election = [[2019 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2019]]
| last_election =
| legislature_term = {{ayd| 29 May 2019}}
| budget =
| advice_and_consent1 =
| advice_and_consent2 =

| incoming_formation =
| outgoing_formation =
| previous = [[Third Pema Khandu ministry]]
| successor =
}}

This is the Cabinet of the state of [[Arunachal Pradesh]], [[India]]<ref>https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/elections/lok-sabha/india/pema-khandu-sworn-in-as-arunachal-pradesh-cm/articleshow/69556724.cms?from=mdr</ref> which forms the executive branch of the [[government of Arunachal Pradesh]]. Along with the Chief Minister, there is a Deputy Chief Minister and 10 Cabinet Ministers.

==Cabinet Ministers==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! rowspan = "2" |Sr. No.
! rowspan = "2" |Name
! rowspan = "2" |Constituency
! rowspan = "2" |Portfolio
! rowspan = "2" colspan="2" scope="col" | Party
|-
| colspan="6" style="text-align: center;" |'''[[Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh|Chief Minister]]'''
|-
| 1.
|'''[[Pema Khandu]]'''
|[[Mukto (Assembly constituency)|Mukto]]
|
*General Administration
*Personnel
*Public Works
*'''Other departments not allocated to any Minister.'''
| rowspan="1" width="4px" bgcolor="{{party color|Bhartiya Janata Party}}" |
|
|-
| colspan="6" style="text-align: center;" |'''[[Government of Arunachal Pradesh|Deputy Chief Minister]]'''
|-
| 2.
|'''[[Chowna Mein]]'''
|[[Chowkham Assembly constituency|Chowkham]]
|
*Finance
*Power
*Non Conventional Energy Resources
*Tax & Excise
*State Lotteries
*Economics & Statistics
| rowspan="1" width="4px" bgcolor="{{party color|Bhartiya Janata Party}}" |
|
|-
| colspan="6" style="text-align: center;" |'''[[Government of Arunachal Pradesh|Cabinet Ministers]]'''
|-
| 3.
|'''[[Honchun Ngandam]]'''
|[[Pongchau-Wakka Assembly constituency|Pongchau-Wakka]]
|
*Rural Works
*Science and Technology
| rowspan="10" width="4px" bgcolor="{{party color|Bhartiya Janata Party}}" |
| rowspan="10" |[[Bhartiya Janata Party|BJP]]
|-
| 4.
|'''[[Wangki Lowang]]'''
|[[Namsang Assembly constituency|Namsang]]
|
*Public Health Engineering
*Tirap, Changlang and Longding
*Information Technology
|-
| 5.
|'''Kamlun Mossang'''
|[[Miao Assembly constituency|Miao]]
|
*Urban Development
*Municipal Administration
*Government Estates
*Civil Supplies and Consumer Affairs
*Geology & Mining
|-
| 6.
|'''[[Bamang Felix]]'''
|[[Nyapin Assembly constituency|Nyapin]]
|
*Home and Inter State Border Affairs
*Rural Development
*Panchayati Raj
*Parliamentary Afairs
*Information and Public Relations
|-
| 7.
|'''[[Alo Libang]]'''
|[[Tuting–Yingkiong Assembly constituency|Tuting–Yingkiong]]
|
*Health
*Family Welfare
*Women and Child Development
*Social Justice and Empowerment
*Tribal Affairs
|-
| 8.
|'''[[Tumke Bagra]]'''
| [[Along West Assembly constituency|Along West]]
|
*Industries
*Skill Development
*Textile & Handicrafts
*Trade & Commerce
*Labour & Employment
*Co-operation
|-
| 9.
|'''[[Mama Natung]]'''
|[[Seppa West Assembly constituency|Seppa West]]
|
*Youth Affairs and Sports
*Water Resources
*Forests
*Environment and Climate Change
|-
|10.
|'''[[Taba Tedir]]'''
|[[Yachuli Assembly constituency|Yachuli]]
|
*Education
*Cultural Affairs
*Indigenous Affairs
|-
| 11.
|'''[[Tage Taki]]'''
|[[Ziro-Hapoli Assembly constituency|Ziro-Hapoli]]
|
*Agriculture
*Horticulture
*Animal Husbandry
*Dairy Development
*Fisheries
|-
| 12.
|'''[[Nakap Nalo]]'''
|[[Nacho Assembly constituency|Nacho]]
|
*Tourism
*Transport
*Civil Aviation
*Land Management
|-
|}

'''<big>Ministers by District</big>'''
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+
!S.No
!District
!Ministers
!Name of Ministers
|-
|1.
|[[Anjaw district|'''Anjaw''']]
| -
| -
|-
|2.
|[[Changlang district|'''Changlang''']]
| 1
|
*'''Kamlung Mossang'''
|-
|3.
|[[Dibang Valley district|'''Dibang Valley''']]
| -
| -
|-
|4.
|[[East Kameng district|'''East Kameng''']]
| 1
|
*'''[[Mama Natung]]'''
|-
|5.
|[[East Siang district|'''East Siang''']]
| -
| -
|-
|6.
|[[Kamle district|'''Kamle''']]
| -
| -
|-
|7.
|[[Kra Daadi district|'''Kra-Daadi''']]
| -
| -
|-
|8.
|[[Kurung Kumey district|'''Kurung Kumey''']]
|1
|
*'''[[Bamang Felix]]'''
|-
|9.
|[[Lepa Rada district|'''Lepa Rada''']]
| -
| -
|-
|10.
|[[Lohit district|'''Lohit''']]
| -
| -
|-
|11.
|[[Longding district|'''Longding''']]
|1
|
*'''[[Honchun Ngandam]]'''
|-
|12.
|[[Lower Dibang Valley district|'''Lower Dibang Valley''']]
| -
| -
|-
|13.
|[[Lower Siang district|'''Lower Siang''']]
| -
| -
|-
|14.
|[[Lower Subansiri district|'''Lower Subansiri''']]
|2
|
*'''[[Taba Tedir]]'''
*'''[[Tage Taki]]'''
|-
|15.
|[[Namsai district|'''Namsai''']]
| 1
|
*'''[[Chowna Mein]]''' ([[Government of Arunachal Pradesh|Deputy Chief Minister]])
|-
|16.
|[[Pakke-Kessang district|'''Pakke-Kessang''']]
| -
| -
|-
|17.
|[[Papum Pare district|'''Papum Pare''']]
| -
| -
|-
|-
|18.
|[[Shi Yomi district|'''Shi Yomi''']]
| -
| -
|-
|-
|19.
|[[Siang district|'''Siang''']]
| -
| -
|-
|-
|20.
|[[Tawang district|'''Tawang''']]
| 1
|
*'''[[Pema Khandu]]''' ([[Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh|Chief Minister]])
|-
|21.
|[[Tirap district|'''Tirap''']]
|1
|
*'''[[Wangki Lowang]]'''
|-
|22.
|[[Upper Siang district|'''Upper Siang''']]
| 1
|
*'''[[Alo Libang]]'''
|-
|23.
|[[Upper Subansiri district|'''Upper Subansiri''']]
| 1
|
*'''[[Nakap Nalo]]'''
|-
|24.
|[[West Kameng district|'''Vizianagaram''']]
| -
| -
|-
|25.
|[[West Siang district|'''West Godavari ''']]
| 1
|
*'''[[Tumke Bagra]]'''
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Current Indian ministries}}

[[Category:Lists of current Indian state and territorial ministries]]
[[Category:Arunachal Pradesh ministries]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party]]
[[Category:2019 establishments in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Cabinets established in 2019]]

Sachin Suresh

2023-07-19T09:38:28Z

Devinderkumar: Finished writing a new addition.

{{Short description|Indian footbal player}}

{{Indian name|Sachin|Suresh}}
{{Use dmy dates}}
{{Infobox football biography
| name = Sachin Suresh
| caption =
| image_size =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|2001|01|18|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Thrissur]], [[Kerala]], India
| height = 1.83 m
| position = [[Goalkeeper (association football)|Goalkeeper]]
| currentclub = [[Kerala Blasters FC|Kerala Blasters]]
| clubnumber = 31
| youthyears1 = 2012–2017
| youthclubs1 = SEPT
| youthyears2 = 2017–2019
| youthclubs2 = [[FC Kerala]]
| years1 = 2019–2020
| clubs1 = [[FC Kerala]]
| caps1 = 7
| goals1 = 0
| years2 = 2020–2023
| clubs2 = [[Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy|Kerala Blasters Reserves]]
| caps2 = 13
| goals2 = 0
| years3 = 2021–
| clubs3 = [[Kerala Blasters FC|Kerala Blasters]]
| caps3 = 0
| goals3 = 0
| club-update = 09:37, 19 July 2023 (UTC)
| ntupdate = 09:37, 19 July 2023 (UTC)
| nationalyears1 = 2018
| nationalteam1 = [[India national under-20 football team|India U20]]
}}

'''Sachin Suresh''' (born 18 January 2001) is an Indian professional footballer who plays as a [[Goalkeeper (association football)|goalkeeper]] for the [[Indian Super League]] club [[Kerala Blasters FC|Kerala Blasters]].

== Club career ==
=== Youth and early career ===
Sachin's early football lessons were at the Farook Higher Secondary School, [[Kozhikode]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kerala Blasters' Sachin Suresh, at 19, is already emerging as top goalkeeper |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/football/2020/oct/30/kerala-blasters-sachin-suresh-at-19-is-already-emerging-as-top-goalkeeper-2216825.html |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=The New Indian Express |archive-date=19 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719084237/https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/football/2020/oct/30/kerala-blasters-sachin-suresh-at-19-is-already-emerging-as-top-goalkeeper-2216825.html |url-status=live }}</ref> He began his football career with Sports and Education Promotion Trust (SEPT), a local academy in [[Kerala]], where he represented them in Dubai Super Cup at the age of eleven in 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |title=Sachin Suresh - Kerala Blasters FC Have Always Had A Place In My Heart |url=https://iftwc.com/kbfc-have-always-had-a-place-in-my-heart-says-sachin-suresh/ |access-date=2023-07-18 |language=en-US |archive-date=19 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719084307/https://iftwc.com/kbfc-have-always-had-a-place-in-my-heart-says-sachin-suresh/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Sachin was also a regular starter for the [[Thrissur district]] team and played for them in the U-10, U-12, U-14, U-16 age groups. He also represented Kerala team in the U-14, U-16, U-18 age groups. In 2017, Sachin was scouted by the coaching staff of [[FC Kerala]], who selected him to play for their U-18 team.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sachin Suresh stats and ratings |url=https://www.sofascore.com/player/sachin-suresh/1155654 |access-date=2023-07-19 |website=Sofascore |archive-date=19 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719084238/https://www.sofascore.com/player/sachin-suresh/1155654 |url-status=live }}</ref> Sachin eventually earned promotion to the club's senior team in 2019 and played for them in the [[2020 I-League qualifiers|2019–20 I-League 2nd Division]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Upadhyaya |first=Suyash |title=ISL 2020-21: Why Kerala Blasters' 19-year-old Sachin Suresh is already emerging as a top goalkeeper |url=https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/isl-2020-21-why-kerala-blasters-19-year-old-sachin-suresh-already-emerging-top-goalkeeper |access-date=2023-07-18 |website=www.sportskeeda.com |language=en-us |archive-date=19 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719084238/https://www.sportskeeda.com/indian-football/isl-2020-21-why-kerala-blasters-19-year-old-sachin-suresh-already-emerging-top-goalkeeper |url-status=live }}</ref> He also represented the [[Kerala football team]] in the [[2018–19 Santosh Trophy]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Goalkeeper Midhun to lead Kerala in Santosh Trophy |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2019/10/30/kerala-team-santosh-trophy-south-zone-qualifiers.html |access-date=2023-07-18 |website=OnManorama |archive-date=19 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719084240/https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2019/10/30/kerala-team-santosh-trophy-south-zone-qualifiers.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Kerala Blasters FC ===
====2020–2023: Rise to the first team====
In August 2020, Sachin was signed by the [[Indian Super League]] club [[Kerala Blasters FC]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISL Transfer 2023: Kerala Blasters Renew Sachin Suresh Till 2026 |url=https://www.mykhel.com/football/isl-transfer-2023-kerala-blasters-sachin-suresh-contract-renew-222175.html |access-date=2023-07-18 |website=My Khel |language=en |archive-date=19 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719084240/https://www.mykhel.com/football/isl-transfer-2023-kerala-blasters-sachin-suresh-contract-renew-222175.html |url-status=live }}</ref> He was put in their [[Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy|reserve side]], and played for them in the [[2020–21 Kerala Premier League]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |title=Sachin Suresh - Kerala Blasters FC Have Always Had A Place In My Heart |url=https://iftwc.com/kbfc-have-always-had-a-place-in-my-heart-says-sachin-suresh/ |access-date=2023-07-17 |language=en-US}}</ref> Sachin was then promoted to the club's senior team ahead of the [[2021–22 Kerala Blasters FC season|2021–22 season]] along with [[Bijoy Varghese]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Kerala Blasters FC announce 28-member squad for ISL 2021-22 season |url=https://khelnow.com/football/isl-2021-22-kerala-blasters-announce-squad |access-date=2023-07-18 |website=Khel Now |language=English}}</ref> He was included in the Blasters' squad for the [[2021 Durand Cup]] as their third choice keeper,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Durand Cup 2021: Kerala Blasters FC announces squad |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/durand-cup-2021-kerala-blasters-fc-announces-squad-fixtures-ivan-vukomanovic-jeakson-singh/article36254591.ece |access-date=2023-07-18 |website=sportstar.thehindu.com |language=en |archive-date=2 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210902164536/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/indian-football/durand-cup-2021-kerala-blasters-fc-announces-squad-fixtures-ivan-vukomanovic-jeakson-singh/article36254591.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> and was benched during the game against [[Delhi FC]] on 21 September 2021. Sachin was then included in the Blasters squad to train with them on a developmental role for the [[2021–22 Indian Super League season]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISL 2021-22: Kerala Blasters full squad list |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/isl/isl-news/isl-2021-22-kerala-blasters-full-squad-list-indian-football-news/article37470442.ece |access-date=2023-07-18 |website=sportstar.thehindu.com |language=en}}</ref> When [[Albino Gomes]] was injured mid-way of the season, Sachin became the second choice goalkeeper for the Blasters.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ingale |first=Shreyash |title=ISL - Karanjit Singh Set To Sign For Kerala Blasters; Likely To Replace Albino Gomes |url=https://iftwc.com/kerala-blasters-set-to-sign-karanjit-singh/ |access-date=2023-07-18 |language=en-US}}</ref> He was then included in the matchday squad for the first time on 12 December 2021 in a match against [[East Bengal Club|SC East Bengal]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=SC East Bengal 1-1 Kerala Blasters FC (Dec 12, 2021) Lineups |url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/lineups/_/gameId/619406 |access-date=2023-07-18 |website=ESPN |language=en}}</ref> He remained mostly as an unused substitute throughout the season without making any appearance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sachin Suresh - Soccer player profile & career statistics - Global Sports Archive |url=https://globalsportsarchive.com/people/soccer/sachin-suresh/526540/ |access-date=2023-07-19 |website=globalsportsarchive.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sachin Suresh 2021-2022 Match Logs (Goalkeeping) |url=https://fbref.com/en/players/d7093dd4/matchlogs/2021-2022/Sachin-Suresh-Match-Logs |access-date=2023-07-18 |website=FBref.com |language=en |archive-date=19 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719085337/https://fbref.com/en/players/d7093dd4/matchlogs/2021-2022/Sachin-Suresh-Match-Logs |url-status=live }}</ref> During the same season, he also played for the reserves in the [[2021–22 Kerala Premier League]]. Sachin then played for the reserves in the [[2022 Reliance Foundation Development League|2022 RFDL]], held from 2022 April to May, where the team emerged as the runners-up and qualified for the [[Next Gen Cup]].<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Kerala Blasters announce squad for Next Gen Cup 2022 |url=https://khelnow.com/football/next-gen-cup-2022-kerala-blasters-announce-squad |access-date=2023-07-18 |website=Khel Now |language=English |archive-date=4 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204022859/https://khelnow.com/football/next-gen-cup-2022-kerala-blasters-announce-squad |url-status=live }}</ref> He played for the side in the Next Gen Cup held in United Kingdom in July 2022 and received positive reception for his perfomance throughout the tournament.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Top five Indian players who impressed in Next Gen Cup |url=https://khelnow.com/football/next-gen-cup-2022-top-five-indian-players-impressed |access-date=2023-07-19 |website=Khel Now |language=English |archive-date=3 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603203722/https://khelnow.com/football/next-gen-cup-2022-top-five-indian-players-impressed |url-status=live }}</ref>

In August 2022, with the first team preparing for the [[2022–23 Indian Super League|2022–23 Indian Super League season]] in [[United Arab Emirates|UAE]], Kerala Blasters fielded their reserves for the [[2022 Durand Cup]], where Sachin was appointed as the captain of the team.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kerala Blasters announces 21-man squad for Durand Cup |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/kerala-blasters-durand-cup-21-man-squad-premier-league-next-gen-cup/article65778890.ece |access-date=2023-07-18 |website=sportstar.thehindu.com |language=en |archive-date=25 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925204106/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/kerala-blasters-durand-cup-21-man-squad-premier-league-next-gen-cup/article65778890.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> He played five matches in the tournament, where he conceded six goals and kept two clean sheets.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Durand Cup {{!}} Kerala Blasters defeats Army Green 2-0 to reach quarters |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/football/durand-cup-kerala-blasters-defeats-army-green-2-0-to-reach-quarters/article65833852.ece |access-date=2023-07-18 |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=31 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220831181643/https://www.thehindu.com/sport/football/durand-cup-kerala-blasters-defeats-army-green-2-0-to-reach-quarters/article65833852.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> For the [[2022–23 Indian Super League|2022–23 Indian Super League season]], Sachin was the third choice keeper of the first team.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISL 2022/23: Jessel Carneiro to lead Kerala Blasters squad |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/isl/indian-super-league-2022-kerala-blasters-squad-players-jessel-carneiro-captain/article65972962.ece |access-date=2023-07-18 |website=sportstar.thehindu.com |language=en |archive-date=17 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117171608/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/isl/indian-super-league-2022-kerala-blasters-squad-players-jessel-carneiro-captain/article65972962.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> He only made it to the matchday squad on two occasions during the season.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sachin Suresh - Soccer player profile & career statistics - Global Sports Archive |url=https://globalsportsarchive.com/people/soccer/sachin-suresh/526540/ |access-date=2023-07-19 |website=globalsportsarchive.com |archive-date=19 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719085338/https://globalsportsarchive.com/people/soccer/sachin-suresh/526540/ |url-status=live }}</ref> He mostly played for the reserve team in the [[2022–23 Kerala Premier League]] and the [[2023 Reliance Foundation Development League|2023 RFDL]] during the season. He was the regular captain for the team in both the tournaments.<ref>{{Cite web |title=കേരള ബ്ലാസ്റ്റേഴ്സിന്റെ പദ്ധതി അതുതന്നെ; ഇനി ടീമിന്റെ പ്രധാന ഗോൾകീപ്പർ സച്ചിൻ സുരേഷ്, പുതിയ കരാറിൽ ഒപ്പുവെച്ചു |trans-title=Kerala Blasters' plan is the same; Now the main goalkeeper of the team, Sachin Suresh, has signed a new contract |url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/kerala-blasters-fc-extends-contract-with-young-goalkeeper-sachin-suresh/articleshow/101828077.cms |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=Samayam Malayalam |language=ml |archive-date=19 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719085338/https://malayalam.samayam.com/sports/football/indian-super-league/kerala-blasters-fc-extends-contract-with-young-goalkeeper-sachin-suresh/articleshow/101828077.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

In April 2023, Sachin was included in the Kerala Blasters squad for the [[2023 Indian Super Cup|2023 Super Cup]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Super Cup 2023: Kerala Blasters announces 29-men squad |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/kerala-blasters-announces-super-cup-2023-squad-kbfc-players-schedule/article66694929.ece |access-date=2023-07-18 |website=sportstar.thehindu.com |language=en |archive-date=8 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408170347/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/kerala-blasters-announces-super-cup-2023-squad-kbfc-players-schedule/article66694929.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> He finally made his official first team debut for the Blasters on 8 April 2023 in the [[2023 Indian Super Cup group stage#Group A|group stage]] match against [[Punjab FC]] (then RoundGlass Punjab FC) which the Blasters won 3–1.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kerala Blasters vs RoundGlass Punjab FC HIGHLIGHTS, Super Cup 2023: Diamantakos, Nishu and Rahul score to give Kerala 3-1 win |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/kerala-blasters-vs-roundglass-punjab-live-score-super-cup-2023-streaming-india-telecast-highlights-lineups/article66713945.ece |access-date=2023-07-18 |website=sportstar.thehindu.com |language=en |archive-date=8 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408170347/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/kerala-blasters-vs-roundglass-punjab-live-score-super-cup-2023-streaming-india-telecast-highlights-lineups/article66713945.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> He also started for the Blasters in their remaining two more matches in the tournament before their exit from the group stage.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sachin Suresh (Kerala Blasters) - Player Profile - Flashscore.in |url=https://www.flashscore.in/player/suresh-sachin/8n1HV2RA/ |access-date=2023-07-19 |website=www.flashscore.in |language=en-IN |archive-date=19 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719085342/https://www.flashscore.in/player/suresh-sachin/8n1HV2RA/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kerala Blasters extends Sachin Suresh contract till 2026 |url=https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/isl/isl-news/sachin-suresh-goalkeeper-kerala-blasters-contract-extended-till-2026-isl-latest-transfers/article67090655.ece |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=sportstar.thehindu.com |language=en |archive-date=19 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719085348/https://sportstar.thehindu.com/football/isl/isl-news/sachin-suresh-goalkeeper-kerala-blasters-contract-extended-till-2026-isl-latest-transfers/article67090655.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>

====2023–present: Contract extension ====
On 17 July 2023, Kerala Blasters announced that Sachin has signed a three-year contract extension with the club, that would keep him with them until 2026.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Kerala Blasters FC extends goalkeeper Sachin Suresh’s contract till 2026 |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/football/kerala-blasters-fc-extends-goalkeeper-sachin-sureshs-contract-till-2026/article67090390.ece |access-date=2023-07-18 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

==International career==
Sachin has represented India at the [[India national under-17 football team|U-17]] and [[India national under-20 football team|U-20]] levels. He was part of the India U-20 team that defeated [[Argentina national under-20 football team|Argentina U-20 team]] in the [[L'Alcúdia International Football Tournament|COTIF Cup]] held in [[Valencia]] on 7 August 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Meet the Thrissur boys who played for Indian colts in upset win over Argentina |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2018/08/10/sachin-suresh-rahul-kp-thrissur-boys-fifa-world-cup-2018-india-team.html |access-date=2023-07-17 |website=www.onmanorama.com}}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Sachin was born on 18 January 2001 in the Indian state of [[Kerala]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sachin Suresh {{!}} Player Profile |url=https://www.the-aiff.com/players/profile/55599?type=club |access-date=2023-07-19 |website=All India Football Fedaration}}</ref> His father, Suresh A. M. who also had a footballing background was a former goalkeeper and his mother was a school [[Head teacher|headmistress]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |title=Sachin Suresh - Kerala Blasters FC Have Always Had A Place In My Heart |url=https://iftwc.com/kbfc-have-always-had-a-place-in-my-heart-says-sachin-suresh/ |access-date=2023-07-19 |language=en-US |archive-date=19 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230719084307/https://iftwc.com/kbfc-have-always-had-a-place-in-my-heart-says-sachin-suresh/ |url-status=live }}</ref> He was also a playmate of his current Kerala Blasters teammate, [[Rahul K P|Rahul K. P.]] during his time at a local football nursery.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Meet the Thrissur boys who played for Indian colts in upset win over Argentina |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2018/08/10/sachin-suresh-rahul-kp-thrissur-boys-fifa-world-cup-2018-india-team.html |access-date=2023-07-19 |website=OnManorama}}</ref> Sachin moved to the [[Middle East|middle-east]] along with his family before returning to Kerala to complete his schooling at Farouq Higher Secondary School in Azhinjilam, Kozhikode, and completed his graduation at [[Sri Vyasa NSS College]] in [[Wadakkancherry]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Meet the Thrissur boys who played for Indian colts in upset win over Argentina |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/sports/football/2018/08/10/sachin-suresh-rahul-kp-thrissur-boys-fifa-world-cup-2018-india-team.html |access-date=2023-07-19 |website=OnManorama}}</ref> At schooling level, Sachin secured an A-plus in all subjects for both [[Secondary School Leaving Certificate|SSLC]] and [[Higher Secondary School Certificate|higher secondary]] public examinations.<ref name=":0" />

== Career statistics ==

=== Club ===
{{updated|matches played till 18 July 2023}}<ref>{{Soccerway|sachin-suresh/798844}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
! rowspan="2" |Club
! rowspan="2" |Season
! colspan="3" |League
! colspan="2" |[[Super Cup (India)|Super Cup]]
! colspan="2" |Continental
! colspan="2" |[[Durand Cup]]
! colspan="2" |Total
|-
!Division
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
!Apps
!Goals
|-
|[[FC Kerala]]
|[[2020 I-League qualifiers|2019–20]]
| rowspan="1" |[[I-League 2nd Division]]
|7
|0
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
|7
|0
|-
| rowspan="4" |[[Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy|Kerala Blasters B]]
|[[2020–21 Kerala Premier League|2020–21]]
|[[Kerala Premier League]]
|5
|0
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
|5
|0
|-
|[[2022 Reliance Foundation Development League|2022]]
|[[Reliance Foundation Development League|RFD League]]
|6
|0
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
|6
|0
|-
|[[2023 Reliance Foundation Development League|2023]]
|RFD League
|2
|0
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
|5
|0
|-
! colspan="2" |Kerala Blasters B total
!13
!0
! colspan="2" |—
! colspan="2" |—
! colspan="2" |—
!13
!0
|-
| rowspan="4" |[[Kerala Blasters FC|Kerala Blasters]]
|[[2021–22 Kerala Blasters FC season|2021–22]]
|[[Indian Super League]]
|0
|0
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
|0
|0
| colspan="2" |—
|-
|[[2022–23 Kerala Blasters FC season|2022–23]]
|Indian Super League
|0
|0
|3
|0
| colspan="2" |—
|3
|0
|6
|0
|-
|[[2023–24 Kerala Blasters FC season|2023–24]]
|Indian Super League
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
| colspan="2" |—
|-
! colspan="2" |Kerala Blasters total
!0
!0
!3
!0
! colspan="2" |—
!3
!0
!6
!0
|-
! colspan="3" |Career total
!20
!0
!3
!0
! colspan="2" |—
!3
!0
!26
!0
|}

== Honours ==

=== Club ===

==== Kerala Blasters FC ====

* [[Indian Super League]] runner-up: [[2021–22 Indian Super League season|2021–22]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=ISL final: Hyderabad give Kerala the blues |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/isl-final-hyderabad-gives-kerala-the-blues-7828652/ |access-date=2023-07-18 |website=The Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=20 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320220013/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/football/isl-final-hyderabad-gives-kerala-the-blues-7828652/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

== References ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Indian men's footballers]]
[[Category:Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy players]]
[[Category:Indian Super League players]]

== External links ==

* [https://int.soccerway.com/players/sachin-suresh/798844/ Sachin Suresh] at Soccerway
* [https://www.espn.com/soccer/player/_/id/330267/sachin-suresh Sachin Suresh] at [[ESPN FC]]
* [https://www.indiansuperleague.com/players/goalkeeper-157115-sachin-a-suresh-profile Sachin Suresh] at Indian Super League
* [https://globalsportsarchive.com/people/soccer/sachin-suresh/526540/ Sachin Suresh] at Global Sports Archive

{{Kerala Blasters FC squad}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Suresh, Sachin}}

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:2001 births]]
[[Category:People from Thrissur]]
[[Category:Men's association football goalkeepers]]
[[Category:Indian men's footballers]]
[[Category:India men's youth international footballers]]
[[Category:I-League 2nd Division players]]
[[Category:FC Kerala players]]
[[Category:Kerala Blasters FC Reserves and Academy players]]
[[Category:Indian Super League players]]
[[Category:Kerala Blasters FC players]]

Harpal Kumar

2023-07-18T09:25:07Z

Devinderkumar:

{{short description|British medical researcher (born 1965)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Sir Harpal Kumar
| birth_name = Harpal Singh Kumar
| birth_date = {{birth year and age|1965}}
| image = Harpal Kumar Z6Q6532 RT(1).jpg
| caption = Kumar in 2014
| alma_mater = [[St. John's College, Cambridge|St. John's, Cambridge]] [[Harvard Business School]]
| nationality = [[British nationality law|British]]
}}

'''Sir Harpal Singh Kumar''' (born 1965) is a British medical researcher of Indian descent, who was the chief executive officer of [[Cancer Research UK]]<ref>[http://www.totalpolitics.com/print/317027/cancer-research-uk-dr-harpal-kumar-interview.thtml Caroline Crampton interviews Harpal Kumar about cigarette marketing.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304062643/http://www.totalpolitics.com/print/317027/cancer-research-uk-dr-harpal-kumar-interview.thtml |date=2016-03-04 }} ''Total Politics''.</ref><ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/healthcare-network/2013/jan/11/cancer-research-uk-dr-harpal-kumar Five minutes with Dr Harpal Kumar of Cancer Research UK.] ''theguardian''.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V9YV609BcIs |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211214/V9YV609BcIs |archive-date=2021-12-14 |url-status=live|title=Dr Harpal Kumar talks about the work of the NCRI partnership|first=|last=NCRI Cancer Conference|date=21 May 2013|publisher=|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> until June 2018,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://fundraising.co.uk/2017/10/02/sir-harpal-kumar-leave-cancer-research-uk-next-year/|title=Sir Harpal Kumar to leave Cancer Research UK next year {{!}} UK Fundraising|date=2017-10-02|work=UK Fundraising|access-date=2018-11-09|language=en-GB}}</ref> when he left the charity to become Head of [[Johnson & Johnson]] Innovation EMEA.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.jnjinnovation.com/team/sir-harpal-kumar|title=Sir Harpal Kumar|date=2018-09-10|work=JNJ Innovation|access-date=2018-11-09|language=en}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Kumar's parents were refugees. As [[Sikh]]s, they chose to leave what was to become Pakistan and move to [[Dominion of India|India]] during the [[Partition of India]] in 1947, where they ended up in refugee camps. Later they moved to England from India, where his father was employed sweeping factory floors, before eventually starting his own grocery store.<ref name=NYT>{{cite news|last1=Werdigier|first1=Julia|title=Judging What's Important|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/07/business/global/07iht-manager07.html|accessdate=12 January 2015|work=New York Times|date=6 January 2013}}</ref><ref>[https://www.civilsociety.co.uk/news/sir-harpal-kumar-charities-could-be-more-ambitious.html "Sir Harpal Kumar: 'Charities could be more ambitious"], Tania Mason,interview, ''Civil Society'', 4 Jun 2019</ref>

Kumar attended [[Latymer Upper School]], Hammersmith, and [[St. John's College, Cambridge]], where he gained a [[Master of Engineering]] degree and a [[Master of Arts]] degree and won the Mobil Prize, Metal Box Prize, and Hughes Prize. He subsequently gained a [[Master of Business Administration]] degree with High Distinction as a [[Baker Scholar]] at [[Harvard Business School]] where he won the Ford Prize and the Wolfe Prize.<ref name=Deb/><ref name=can/>

==Career==
After graduation, Kumar was employed by [[McKinsey and Co.]] as a healthcare consultant. In 1992 he was appointed chief executive of the disability charity the Papworth Trust.<ref name=civilsoc>{{cite web|url=http://www.civilsociety.co.uk/events/conferences/user/Harpal%20Kumar/|title=Charity events - trustee training - Harpal Kumar|publisher=}}</ref> In 1997 he founded Nexan Group, a [[venture capital]]-backed medical devices company.<ref name=civilsoc/> He joined Cancer Research Technology Limited as chief executive in 2002 and became chief operating officer of Cancer Research UK in 2004. He became chief executive officer in April 2007<ref name=can>[http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-us/how-we-are-run/chief-executive-and-executive-board Chief Executive and Executive Board.] Cancer Research UK. Retrieved 11 January 2015.</ref> and led the charity for more than a decade before departing for Johnson & Johnson Innovation.

Among his other roles, Kumar is a trustee of the [[Francis Crick Institute]] and the Institute for Cancer Research, and chairman of the Board of the [[National Cancer Research Institute]]. He is also chairman of the Cancer Outcomes Strategy Advisory Group in England and co-chair of the National Awareness and Early Diagnosis Initiative,<ref name=can/> the senior Senior Independent Director of Innovate UK and a board member of [[UK Research and Innovation]]. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ukri.org/about-us/governance-and-structure/uk-research-and-innovation-board/sir-harpal-kumar/|title=Sir Harpal Kumar - UK Research and Innovation|website=www.ukri.org|language=en|access-date=2018-11-09}}</ref>

On 10 April 2020 GRAIL Inc. announced Kumar's appointment as President of GRAIL Europe.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://grail.com/press-releases/grail-appoints-sir-harpal-kumar-as-president-of-grail-europe/|title=GRAIL Appoints Sir Harpal Kumar as President of GRAIL Europe|website=grail.com|language=en|access-date=2020-04-10}}</ref>

==Awards and honours==
Kumar was [[Knight Bachelor|knighted]] in the [[2016 New Year Honours]] for services to cancer research.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=61450|supp=y|page=N2|date=30 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=New Year’s Honours 2016 list|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/489049/NY2016HonoursFullList.pdf|website=GOV.UK|accessdate=30 December 2015|format=pdf|date=30 December 2015}}</ref>

==Personal life==
Kumar is a [[British Indians|British-Indian]], a [[British Punjabis|British-Punjabi]] and a [[British Sikhs|British-Sikh]].

Kumar lists his recreations as theatre, opera and football.<ref name=Deb>[http://www.debretts.com/people-of-today/profile/25760/Harpal-Singh-KUMAR "Harpal Singh KUMAR"] ''Debrett's People of Today''. Retrieved 11 January 2015.</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|35em}}

{{Francis Crick Institute}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kumar, Harpal}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1965 births]]
[[Category:English people of Indian descent]]
[[Category:English people of Punjabi descent]]
[[Category:English Sikhs]]
[[Category:British people of Indian descent]]
[[Category:British people of Punjabi descent]]
[[Category:British Sikhs]]
[[Category:Harvard Business School alumni]]
[[Category:British chief executives]]
[[Category:Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Knights Bachelor]]

Debashish Mohanty

2023-06-16T16:48:03Z

Devinderkumar: Adding local short description: "Indian cricketer", overriding Wikidata description "Indian cricket player."

{{Short description|Indian cricketer}}
{{distinguish|text=Indian computational biologist,bioinformatician and Scientist [[Debasisa Mohanty]]}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2013}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2013}}
{{Infobox cricketer
| name = Debasish Mohanty
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| fullname = Debasish Sarbeswar Mohanty
| birth_date = {{birth-date and age|20 July 1976}}
| birth_place = [[Bhubaneswar]], [[Odisha]], India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| nickname =
| height = 6 ft 1 in
| batting = Right-handed
| bowling = Right-arm [[Fast bowling|fast-medium]]
| role = [[Bowler (cricket)|Bowler]]
| family =
| website =

| international = true
| country = India
| internationalspan = 1997–2001
| testdebutdate = 9 August
| testdebutyear = 1997
| testdebutagainst = Sri Lanka
| testcap = 213
| lasttestdate = 19 November
| lasttestyear = 1997
| lasttestagainst = Sri Lanka
| odidebutdate = 13 September
| odidebutyear = 1997
| odidebutagainst = Pakistan
| odicap = 107
| lastodidate = 22 July
| lastodiyear = 2001
| lastodiagainst = Sri Lanka
| odishirt =
| club1 = [[Odisha cricket team|Odisha]]
| year1 = 1996–2010
| columns = 4
| column1 = [[Test cricket|Test]]
| column2 = [[One Day International|ODI]]
| matches1 = 2
| matches2 = 45
| runs1 = –
| runs2 = 28
| bat avg1 = –
| bat avg2 = 5.59
| 100s/50s1 = –
| 100s/50s2 = 0/0
| top score1 = –
| top score2 = 18[[not out|*]]
| deliveries1 = 430
| deliveries2 = 1,996
| wickets1 = 4
| wickets2 = 57
| bowl avg1 = 59.75
| bowl avg2 = 29.15
| fivefor1 = 0
| fivefor2 = 0
| tenfor1 = 0
| tenfor2 = 0
| best bowling1 = 4/78
| best bowling2 = 4/56
| catches/stumpings1 = 0/–
| catches/stumpings2 = 10/–
| column3 = [[First-class cricket|FC]]
| matches3 = 117
| runs3 = 1,553
| bat avg3 = 13.62
| 100s/50s3 = 0/5
| top score3 = 97
| deliveries3 = 22,053
| wickets3 = 417
| bowl avg3 = 21.05
| fivefor3 = 19
| tenfor3 = 3
| best bowling3 = 10/46
| catches/stumpings3 = 47/–
| column4 = [[List A cricket|LA]]
| matches4 = 129
| runs4 = 218
| bat avg4 = 7.26
| 100s/50s4 = 0/0
| top score4 = 22
| deliveries4 = 6,024
| wickets4 = 160
| bowl avg4 = 26.84
| fivefor4 = 1
| tenfor4 = 0
| best bowling4 = 5/22
| catches/stumpings4 = 26/–
| source = http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/player/31025.html Cricinfo
| date = 23 January
| year = 2019
}}

'''Debasish''' (or '''Debasis''') '''Sarbeswar Mohanty''' {{Audio|Debashish_Mohanty.ogg|pronunciation}} (born 20 July 1976) is a former Indian [[cricket]]er who played in two [[Test cricket|Test matches]] and 45 [[One Day International]]s between 1997 and 2001. He was a right-arm medium-fast bowler who coupled pace to his naturally lanky frame. He found success in the limited-overs format, averaging under 30 and taking over one wicket per game. On 24 December 2020, Mohanty was appointed as the national selector of the [[Indian cricket team]].

== International career ==
There was a period when Mohanty formed a strong new ball partnership with [[Venkatesh Prasad]]. Beginning at [[1999 Cricket World Cup]], he was the second highest Indian wicket taker despite playing four games fewer than the leading Indian wicket taker – [[Javagal Srinath]]. Mohanty played 17 ODIs and picked up 29 wickets at an average in the early 20s and climbed into the top 20 of the ICC ODI World Rankings. However, with the return of [[Ajit Agarkar]], his opportunities dwindled and he played only another seven games. Mohanty, along with [[Harvinder Singh]] was instrumental in winning one of the Sahara Cup series against Pakistan in [[Toronto]] in the 1990s.

Mohanty was a potential pinch hitter but was never used by the Indian think tank. He was a very capable lower order batsman who could enthrall the crowd with his lusty blows. There was a brief period in Indian cricket when no 11 Mohanty along with no 10 Rahul Sanghvi entertained the crowd with monster sixes though in losing causes. His bowling action was more dangerous than the speed at which he delivered the ball. On flat pitches, he was advised to bowl off spin to save energy.

In the 2000–01 season, Mohanty took ten for 46 playing in a [[first-class cricket|first-class match]] for East Zone v South Zone at Agartala, his career-best innings analysis, and so achieved the rare feat of taking all ten wickets in an innings.<ref>[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/6/6218/6218.html Cricket Archive – profile.]</ref>

== Coaching career ==
In 2006, he joined Colwyn Bay Cricket Club in [[Wales]] as the club professional. He is employed by [[National Aluminium Company|NALCO]], [[Bhubaneswar]]. He has been appointed the coach for Odisha Ranji team since 2011 and after 7 years he had been replaced by another former Indian cricketer Shiv Sundar Das as the Coach in 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.crictracker.com/shiv-sundar-das-appointed-as-the-coach-of-odisha-ranji-team/|title=Shiv Sundar Das appointed as the coach of Odisha Ranji Team|date=2017-08-24|website=CricTracker|language=en-US|access-date=2019-01-23}}</ref> He replaced the former coach [[Michael Bevan]]. He coached the East Zone team and East Zone created history by winning their first Duleep Trophy.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{India Squad 1999 Cricket World Cup}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mohanty, Debasis}}
[[Category:1976 births]]
[[Category:Indian cricketers]]
[[Category:India One Day International cricketers]]
[[Category:India Test cricketers]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Odisha cricketers]]
[[Category:East Zone cricketers]]
[[Category:Cricketers at the 1998 Commonwealth Games]]
[[Category:Cricketers at the 1999 Cricket World Cup]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Bhubaneswar]]
[[Category:Cricketers from Odisha]]
[[Category:Cricketers who have taken ten wickets in an innings]]
[[Category:Indian cricket coaches]]
[[Category:Commonwealth Games competitors for India]]

Islam and Sikhism

2023-05-25T17:45:38Z

Devinderkumar: Established a new page.

{{Short description|Overview of the relationship between the religions of Islam and Sikhism}}
{{Islam and other religions}}{{Sikhism sidebar}}
[[Islam]] is an [[Abrahamic religion]] founded in the [[Arabian Peninsula]], while [[Sikhism]] is an [[Indian religions|Indian religion]] founded in the [[Punjab region]] of the [[Indian subcontinent]]. Islam [[Islam#Etymology|means]] 'submission to God'.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Online Etymology Dictionary|url = http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Islam&allowed_in_frame=0|website = www.etymonline.com|access-date = 2015-06-04}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title = Islam: The Religion and The People|author1 = Lewis, Barnard|author2 = Churchill, Buntzie Ellis|publisher = Wharton|year = 2009|isbn = 9780132230858|pages = [https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi/page/8 8]|url = https://archive.org/details/islamreligionpeo00lewi/page/8}}</ref> The word [[Sikh]] is derived from a word meaning 'disciple', or one who learns.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Online Etymology Dictionary|url = http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Sikh|website = www.etymonline.com|access-date = 2015-05-25}}</ref>

[[Sikh]]s believe that the 'creator and creation are one and the same thing',{{Citation needed|reason=A quote should have a specific source}} Muslims on the other hand, disagree. Muslims believe God and his attributes are separate from creation and he is not like the creation in any way whatsoever. Muslims believe God exists without a place.<ref>{{citation |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qTiTDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA43|title=Chinese Muslims and the Global Ummah: Islamic Revival and Ethnic Identity |author=Alexander Stewart |page=43|isbn=9781317238478}}</ref> Islam believes that [[Muhammad]] was the last prophet, to whom the [[Quran]] was revealed by God in the 7th century CE. Sikhism was founded in the 15th century CE by [[Guru Nanak]]. [[Guru Granth Sahib]] is the scripture followed by Sikhs as "The Living Guru".<ref name=jj1/><ref name=g18/>

In Islam, the legal system based on the Quran and the Sunnah is known as [[Sharia]]; there is no such legal system mentioned in [[Guru Granth Sahib]]. [[Salah|Daily prayers]] are one of the pillars of Islam, and they are mandatory for all Muslims.<ref>{{cite book | last=Fisher | first=Mary | title=Living religions : an encyclopedia of the world's faiths | year=1997 | isbn=978-1-86064-148-0 | page=353}}</ref> Baptized Sikhs read the five [[banis]] as part of their daily routine, [[Nitnem]]. Islam requires annual [[zakah]] (alms giving) by Muslims.<ref>{{cite book | last=Rai | first=Priya | title=Sikhism and the Sikhs | publisher=Greenwood Press |year=1989 | isbn=978-0-313-26130-5 | pages=230–233}}</ref> Kirat Karna (doing an honest livelihood — earning honestly without any sort of corruption); Naam Japna (to chant and meditate on Naam, read and follow "The One"); and [[Vand Chakna|Vand Chhako]] (selfless service [sewa] and sharing with others) are fundamental to Sikhism given by{{tone inline}} Guru Nanak Dev Ji. Pilgrimage (to Mecca) is an important part of Islam, while Sikhs make pilgrimage to Sri Harmandir Sahib in Amritsar.<ref name="D.S Chahal Editors: John Peppin etc. 2004">{{cite book | author=D.S Chahal (Editors: John Peppin etc.) | title=Religious perspectives in bioethics | publisher=Taylor & Francis | location=London u.a | year=2004 | isbn=978-0-415-54413-9}}</ref>

There has been a history of constructive influence and conflict between Islam and Sikhism. The Sikh scripture ''[[Guru Granth Sahib]]'' includes teachings from Muslims, namely saints [[Fariduddin Ganjshakar|(Baba Farid]]), a Muslim of the [[Chishti]] Sufi order and [[Kabir]].<ref name=shapiro924>{{cite book|last=Shapiro|first=Michael|year=2002|title=Songs of the Saints from the Adi Granth|publisher=Journal of the American Oriental Society|pages=924, 925}}</ref><ref name="deol">{{cite book|last=Deol|first=Harnik|title=Religion and Nationalism in India|publisher=Routledge|year=2000|isbn=978-0-415-20108-7|location=London and New York|page=189}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Pashaura Singh|title=The Guru Granth Sahib: Canon, Meaning and Authority |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HMvXAAAAMAAJ |year=2000|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-564894-2|pages=174–180}}</ref>

The very first convert to Sikhism was a Muslim, Bhai Mardana ji, who was Guru Nanak's lifelong friend and companion on his Udasis ( journeys). He used to play Rabab while Guru Nanak composed or sang sacred verses.

The first major interaction between the two religions happened when Guru Nanak spent two years in Mecca and the Middle East. He learned about Islam and had detailed discussions with Muslim priests.

== Comparison ==

===Belief===

==== God ====
Sikhism believes that [[God in Sikhism|God]] is formless (''[[nirankar]]'').<ref name=jj1>{{cite book | last=Johal | first=Jagbir | title=Sikhism today | publisher=Continuum | year=2011 | isbn=978-1-4411-8140-4 | pages=1–2}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Eleanor Nesbitt|title=Sikhism: A Very Short Introduction|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4ysRDAAAQBAJ|year=2016|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-106276-6|page=24}}</ref> It is a [[monotheism|monotheistic]] religion in that it believe in a single God (''[[Waheguru]]''),<ref name="jj1" /> and it has also been seen as a form of [[pantheism|panentheism.]] God in the nirgun aspect is without attributes, unmanifest, not seen, but all pervading and permeating, [[Omnipresence|omnipresent]]. God in the sargun aspect is manifest and has attributes, qualities, and is seen in the whole of creation.

{{Verse translation|[[Ik Onkar]]|There is only one God, he is the eternal truth, he is without fear, he is without hate, immortal, without form, beyond birth and death...}}

Islam is also a [[God in Islam|monotheistic]] religion as Muslims believe one God (''[[Allah]]'') and particularly in the concept of ''[[tawḥīd]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t125/e2356?_hi=0&_pos=2 |title=From the article on Tawhid in Oxford Islamic Studies Online |publisher=Oxfordislamicstudies.com |access-date=2014-08-24}}</ref><ref name="Ruthven14" /> This Islamic doctrine is a part of its [[Shahada]].<ref name="Ruthven14">{{cite book|author=Malise Ruthven|title=Historical Atlas of Islam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wT1xGHPyMA8C |year=2004|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-01385-8|page=14}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.islam101.com/quran/yusufAli/QURAN/112.htm |title=112. The Unity, Sincerity, Oneness Of Allah |publisher=Islam101.com}}</ref>

{{Blockquote|text=Say: He is Allah, the One and Only; (1) Allah, the Eternal, Absolute; (2) He begetteth not, nor is He begotten; (3) And there is none like unto Him. (4)|author=|title=[[Al-Ikhlas]]|source=}}

The Islamic theosophical belief in wahdatul wujud has many similarities to Sikh [[panentheism]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1=José Luis |first1=Francisco |title=THE KHANDA AND THE DHULFIQAR: Sikh–Shi'a parallelisms and crossings in history and text, concept of the Divine Guide and sacred chivalry |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17448720601061374?journalCode=rsfo20 |journal=Sikh Formations |pages=153–180 |doi=10.1080/17448720601061374 |volume=2 |issue=2 |s2cid=219697392 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Singh |first1=Nirbhai |title=Philosophy of Sikhism: Reality and Its Manifestations |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Distri |pages=16, 47 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yIMYO-7NurwC&dq=wahdatul+wujud+sikh&pg=PA16 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="wujud">{{cite book |last1=Sondhi |first1=S. P. |title=Grace of God and Guru in Sikh Philosophy |publisher=Global Vision Publishing House |isbn=978-81-87746-17-1 |page=729 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5_zN4IZ8KeUC&dq=wahdatul+wujud+sikh&pg=PA729 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Aquil |first1=Raziuddin |title=The Muslim Question: Understanding Islam and Indian History |publisher=Random House Publishers India Pvt. Limited |isbn=978-93-86495-56-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4GclDwAAQBAJ&dq=wahdatul+wujud+islam+sikh&pg=PT183 |language=en}}</ref>

====Guru and Messengers====

Sikhism reveres [[Guru Nanak]] as the founder of the religion who taught of the One Divine Creator, Lord on Earth, which is manifest in the ten forms of the ten [[Sikh gurus|Gurus of Sikhs]]. Sikhism accepts that there were divine messengers—including [[Moses]], [[Jesus]], and [[Mohammed]]—in other religions.<ref name=jj1/>

Islam believes that there were many messengers of God, with the [[Khatam an-Nabiyyin|last messenger]] being [[Prophet Mohammed]], who received the [[Quran]] as the last revelation of God.<ref name=fg204>{{cite book | last=Gülen | first=Fethullah | title=The Messenger of God Muhammad : an analysis of the Prophet's life | year=2005 | isbn=978-1-932099-83-6 | page=204}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author1=Scott Noegel |author2=Brannon M. Wheeler | title=Historical dictionary of prophets in Islam and Judaism | publisher=Scarecrow | year=2002 | isbn=978-0-8108-4305-9 | pages=227–229}}</ref> This conflicts with Sikhism whose first guru came around 800 years after the Prophet Mohammed.

==== Duties/articles of faith ====
The three duties of Sikhs are [[Naam Japo|''Naam japna'']] (meditating on [[Waheguru|Waheguru's]] name), [[Kirat Karni|''kirat karni'']] (earn honest living), and [[Vand Chakna|''vand chakna'']] (sharing one's earning with others).<ref>{{cite web | title=Religion: Sikhism | website=BBC | date=1970-01-01 | url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/sikhism/beliefs/beliefs.shtml | access-date=2015-06-04}}</ref> Baptized Sikhs, the ''Amritdhari'', belong to the [[Khalsa Panth]] and wear the 5 articles of faith, known as the [[The Five Ks|Five Ks]]:

# ''[[Kesh (Sikhism)|Kes]]'' — uncut hair and beard;
# ''[[Kangha]]'' — a wooden comb;
# [[Kara (Sikhism)|Kara]] — a bracelet worn around the wrist;
# [[Kirpan]] — a small dagger; and
# [[Kacchera|Kachera]] — a special undergarment.

The Khalsa Panth was created on [[Vaisakhi]] in 1699 by the tenth Sikh Guru, [[Guru Gobind Singh]]. The Amritdhari have a set of seven Sikh prayers, called ''[[Nitnem]]'', which they are required to practise on a daily basis.{{citation needed}}

The [[Five Pillars of Islam]] are duties incumbent on every [[Muslim]]:

# [[Shahada]] — testimony that "There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the messenger of God"<ref name="jea" />
# [[Salat]] — prayers;
# [[Zakat]] — Giving of [[alms]]
# [[Sawm]] — [[Fasting during Ramadan]]; and
# [[Hajj]] — pilgrimage to [[Mecca]]).

These 5 practices are essential to [[Sunni Islam]]; [[Shia Islam|Shi'a Muslims]] subscribe to 8 ritual practices which substantially overlap with the five Pillars.<ref>See: * Mumen (1987), p.178, {{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Pillars-of-Islam|title=Pillars of Islam|encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia Britannica Online|access-date=2016-12-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Knight|first=Ian|title=Queen Victoria's Enemies: India No.3|author2=Scollins|publisher=Osprey Publishing; illustrated edition|isbn=978-0-85045-943-2|editor=Richard|edition=Paperback|series=Men-at-arms|page=15}}</ref>

====Spirituality====
Sikhism has an ambivalent attitude towards miracles and rejects any form of discrimination within and against other religions.<ref name="Baksh">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CFKYFcosJUsC|title=Islam and Other Major World Religions|first=Kaiyume|last=Baksh|publisher=Trafford Publishing|via=Google Books|isbn=9781425113032}}</ref> Sikhism does not believe in rituals, but is permissive of traditions.<ref name="g18">{{cite book | first=Gurapreet| last=Singh | title=The soul of Sikhism | year=2003 | isbn=978-81-288-0085-6 | page=18}}</ref> Sikhism rejects [[asceticism]] and [[celibacy]].<ref name="dc1" /> The Sikhism founder [[Guru Nanak]] adopted the [[Indian religions|Indic]] ideas on rebirth, and taught the ideas of [[Reincarnation#Sikhism|reincarnation]].<ref name="dc1">{{cite book | last=Carmody | first=Denise | title=Ways to the center : an introduction to world religions |year=2013 | isbn=978-1-133-94225-2 | page=339}}</ref> ''[[Adi-Granth|Adi Granth]]'' of Sikhism recognizes and includes spiritual wisdom from other religions.<ref name="g18" /><ref name="Juergensmeyer 2006">{{cite book | last=Juergensmeyer | first=Mark | title=The Oxford handbook of global religions | publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2006 | isbn=978-0-19-976764-9}}</ref>{{page needed}}

Islam considers itself to be a perfect and final religion,<ref name="Juergensmeyer 2006" /> and warns against innovation (''[[bid‘ah]]'') to what is revealed in the Quran and the [[Hadith]]s.<ref name="g18" /> Islam believes in miracles and a final judgment day (''[[Yawm al-Qiyāmah]]'').<ref name="Esposito 2004 121–122">{{cite book | last=Esposito | first=John | title=The Islamic world : past and present | publisher=Oxford University Press | location=New York | year=2004 | isbn=978-0-19-516520-3 | pages=121–122}}</ref>

====Apostasy and view on other religions====
[[File:Guru Nanak with Rahman Shah.jpg|thumb|[[Guru Nanak]] conversing with [[Sufism|Sufi]] Rahman Shah. [[Bhai Bala]] with [[Fly-whisk|Chauri]] & [[Bhai Mardana]] with Rabab also depicted, c.1830 Pahari painting]]
Sikhism allows freedom of conscience and choosing one's own path.<ref name="pka">Pal Kaur, Apostasy: A sociological perspective, Sikh Review, 45(1), 1997, pp. 37-40</ref> It teaches that many religious traditions are valid, leading to the same [[Waheguru]], and it rejects that any particular religion has a monopoly regarding absolute truth for all of humanity.<ref>{{cite book|last=Haar|first=Kristen|title=Sikhism|publisher=San Val|year=2005|isbn=978-1417638536|pages=43–44}}</ref>

Islam teaches that non-Islamic religious traditions have been distorted by man to suit their desires.<ref>{{cite book|last=Rippin|first=Andrew|title=The Islamic world|publisher=Routledge|year=2010|isbn=978-0-415-60191-7|location=London|pages=252–258}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Sirry|first=Munim|title=Scriptural polemics : the Qur'an and other religions|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2014|isbn=978-0-19-935936-3|location=Oxford New York|pages=43–64}}</ref> Accordingly, [[Apostasy in Islam|apostasy]]—that is abandonment of Islam by a Muslim and conversion to another religion or atheism—is a religious crime in Islam punishable with death.<ref name="jea">{{cite book | last=Esposito | first=John |author-link=John Esposito| title=The Oxford dictionary of Islam | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=2003 | isbn=978-0-19-512559-7 | page=22}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last=Ali | first=Kecia | title=Islam : the key concepts | publisher=Routledge | year=2008 | isbn=978-0-415-39638-7 | pages=10–11}}</ref> According to the [[Hadith]]s, states John Esposito (2003), leaving Islam is punishable by "beheading, crucifixion or banishment," and ''[[sharia]]'' (Islamic legal code) traditionally has required death by the sword for an adult sane male who voluntarily leaves Islam.<ref name="jea" /> However, adds Esposito (2003), modern thinkers have argued against execution as penalty for apostasy from Islam by invoking [[Quran 2|Quranic verse 2:256]].<ref name="jea" />

==== Predestination ====
Sikhism believes in [[predestination]] within God's will, and what one does, speaks and hears falls within that will; one has to simply follow the laid down path per God's ''[[hukam]]''.<ref>{{cite book|last=Singh|first=Gurapreet|title=The soul of Sikhism|year=2003|isbn=978-81-288-0085-6|pages=127–128}}</ref>

Islam believes in [[Predestination in Islam|predestination]], or divine preordainment (''al-qadā wa l-qadar''), wherein [[God in Islam|God]] has full knowledge and control over all that occurs.<ref>See:
*{{cite quran|9|51|style=ref}}
*D. Cohen-Mor (2001), p.4: "The idea of predestination is reinforced by the frequent mention of events 'being written' or 'being in a book' before they happen: 'Say: "Nothing will happen to us except what Allah has decreed for us…" ' "
*{{cite encyclopedia | title=Fate | encyclopedia=Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an Online | author=Ahmet T. Karamustafa }}: The verb ''qadara'' literally means "to measure, to determine". Here it is used to mean that "God measures and orders his creation".</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Hughes|first1=Patrick|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O84eYLVHvB0C&pg=PA591|title=Dictionary of Islam|last2=Hughes|first2=Thomas Patrick|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=978-81-206-0672-2|language=en}}</ref> According to Islamic tradition, all that has been decreed by God is written in ''al-Lawh al-Mahfūz'', the 'Preserved Tablet'.<ref>Farah (2003), pp.119–122; Patton (1900), p.130; Momen (1987), pp.177,178</ref>{{full citation needed}}

=== Practices ===

====Grooming and dress====
The [[Khalsa Panth]] among Sikhs are guided by the [[five Ks]]. They keep their head hair long ([[Kesh (Sikhism)|kesh]]) and men wear [[turban]]s (head hair cover). They carry a wooden comb, wear an iron bracelet, wear a cotton underwear, and carry a [[kirpan]] (steel sword).<ref>{{cite web | title=Religion: Sikhism | website=BBC | date=1970-01-01 | url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/sikhism/customs/fiveks.shtml | access-date=2015-06-04}}</ref> Non-baptized Sikh women are free to dress as they wish in Sikhism.<ref name=":0" /> Sex segregation is not required in public places or Sikh temples by Sikhism.<ref name=":0">{{cite book | last=Basran | first=G. S. | title=The Sikhs in Canada : migration, race, class, and gender | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=2003 | isbn=978-0-19-564886-7 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/sikhsincanadamig00basr/page/24 24–25] | url=https://archive.org/details/sikhsincanadamig00basr/page/24 }}</ref>

Muslim males are encouraged to grow their beards and trim the moustache.<ref name=mrg/> Men in some Muslim communities wear turban (head cap).<ref>{{cite web | last=Rubin | first=Alissa | title=Afghans Are Rattled by Rule on Searching Turbans | website=The New York Times | date=2011-10-15 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/16/world/asia/afghans-are-rattled-by-rule-on-searching-turbans.html | access-date=2015-06-04}}</ref> Muslim men, as well as women, must dress modestly. Muslim women are required to cover their bodies in public,<ref>{{cite book | last=Fulkerson | first=Mary | title=The Oxford handbook of feminist theology | publisher=Oxford University Press | location=Oxford New York | year=2012 | isbn=978-0-19-927388-1 | pages=405–414}}</ref> with some Islamic scholars stating that the [[Hadith]]s require covering the face too; it is also highly recommended to cover their hair.<ref>{{cite book | last=Hussain | first=Jamila | title=Islam : its law and society | publisher=Federation Press | location=Australia | year=2011 | isbn=978-1-86287-819-8 | pages=79–80}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | title=Islam and the veil : theoretical and regional contexts | publisher=Bloomsbury Academic | location=London | year=2012 | isbn=978-1-4411-3519-3 | pages=81–85}}</ref> Islam encourages gender segregation in public, and Muslim men and women do not usually mix in public places such as mosques. These restrictions are part of [[adab (Islam)|''Adab'']].<ref name=mrg>{{cite book | last=Martin | first=Richard | title=Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim world | publisher=Macmillan Reference USA Thomson/Gale | location=New York | year=2004 | isbn=978-0-02-865603-8}}</ref>

====Circumcision====
{{further|Khitan (circumcision)|Religious views on female genital mutilation}}
Sikhism does not require [[circumcision]] of either males or females, and criticizes the practice.<ref>{{cite book|author=Devinder Chahal|editor=John Peppin|display-editors=etal|title=Religious Perspectives on Bioethics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lFdEAgAAQBAJ |year=2013|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-9026519673|page=213}}</ref>

In Islam, no verse in the Quran supports male or [[female genital mutilation|female circumcision]] (FGM/C).<ref name="cirp.org">{{Cite web|title=To Mutilate in the Name of Jehovah or Allah|url=http://www.cirp.org/library/cultural/aldeeb1/#Religious|access-date=2022-02-02|website=www.cirp.org}}</ref> Male circumcision is a widespread practice and considered mandatory for Muslim males according to ''[[Sunnah]]''.<ref>{{cite book|author=Erich Kolig|title=Conservative Islam: A Cultural Anthropology |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8YMu8WADEhwC&pg=PA157 |year=2012|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-0-7391-7424-1|page=157}}, Quote: "Islam makes male circumcision mandatory, which is usually done at a relatively early age. It is not commanded by the Quran, but contained in the Sunna."</ref> Muslim scholars disagree whether any authentic ''Sunnah'' in the [[hadith]]s supports the practice of female circumcision.<ref>Ibrahim Lethome Asmani and Maryam Sheikh Abdi (2008), [http://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/De-linking%20FGM%20from%20Islam%20final%20report.pdf De-linking Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting from Islam], Population Council, Washington DC, pages 6, 12</ref><ref>{{cite book | author=E.J. Donzel | title=Islamic desk reference | publisher=E.J. Brill | location=Leiden, Netherlands | year=1994 | isbn=978-90-04-09738-4 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/islamicdeskrefer00donz_0/page/69 69–71] | url=https://archive.org/details/islamicdeskrefer00donz_0/page/69 }}; {{cite book | last=Bouhdiba | first=Abdelwahab | title=The individual and society in Islam | publisher=Unesco Pub | location=Paris | year=1998 | isbn=978-92-3-102742-0}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last=Chaim | first=Vardit | title=Islamic medical ethics in the twentieth century | publisher=E.J. Brill | location=Leiden, Netherlands | year=1993 | isbn=978-90-04-09608-0 | page=Chapter 9}}</ref> The ''[[Ijma]]'', or consensus of Muslim scholars, varies by the Islamic jurisprudence (''[[fiqh]]'') on whether circumcision is optional, honorable or obligatory for Muslim male and females.{{refn|group=note|name=fgmc}} Prominent Islamic scholars have both supported and opposed FGM/C for female Muslims.<ref>CM Obermeyer, "Female Genital Surgeries: The Known, the Unknown, and the Unknowable", Medical Anthropology Quarterly, 13(1), March 1999, pp. 79–106</ref><ref name="cirp.org"/>{{refn|group=note|name=fgmc|According to Islamic scholars Ibrahim Lethome Asmani and Maryam Sheikh Abdi, "Examination of all the texts on Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) shows that scholars have no consensus on FGM/C. For example the four schools of thought express the following views: The Hanafi view is that it is a sunnah (optional act) for both females and males; Maliki hold the view that it is wajib (obligatory) for males and sunnah (optional) for females; Shafi’i view it as wajib (obligatory) for both females and males; Hanbali have two opinions: it is wajib (obligatory) for both males and females, and it is wajib (obligatory) for males and makrumah (honourable) for females.<ref>Ibrahim Lethome Asmani and Maryam Sheikh Abdi (2008), [http://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/De-linking%20FGM%20from%20Islam%20final%20report.pdf De-linking Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting from Islam], Population Council, Washington DC, page 13</ref>}}{{refn|group=note|According to 2016 estimates of UNICEF, at least 200 million girls and women alive today worldwide have undergone female genital mutilation/cutting.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) Statistics|url=https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-protection/female-genital-mutilation/|access-date=2022-02-02|website=UNICEF DATA|language=en-US}}</ref> The 2013 report by the UNICEF states, "in many countries, FGM/C prevalence is highest among Muslim girls and women. The practice, however, is also found among Catholic and other Christian communities."<ref>[http://data.unicef.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/FGMC_Lo_res_Final_26.pdf Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A statistical overview and exploration of the dynamics of change], UNICEF (2013), {{ISBN|978-92-806-4703-7}}, page 72</ref>}}

====Food and fasting====
Sikhs are prohibited from eating ''[[kutha meat]]''—meat obtained by ritualistic component and a slow death of the animal, as in Islamic ''[[halal]]'' or Jewish ''[[kosher]]'' meat.<ref name="bbcfood">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_pictures/4718511.stm|title=In pictures: Sikhs in Britain|via=bbc.co.uk}}</ref><ref name="en2005">{{cite book |last=Nesbitt |first=Eleanor |title=Sikhism, a very short introduction |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2005 |isbn=978-0-19-280601-7 |page=Chapter 4}}</ref> The official Sikh Code of Conduct [[Sikh Rehat Maryada]] only forbids the consumption of [[Kutha meat]].<ref name="en2005" /> Charity meals distributed at a Sikh [[Gurudwara]], called a [[Langar (Sikhism)|langar]], is only [[Lacto vegetarianism|lacto-vegetarian]].<ref name="bbcfood" /><ref>{{cite book|author=Michael Angelo|title=The Sikh Diaspora: Tradition and Change in an Immigrant Community|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=te_GBQAAQBAJ |year=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-52763-0 |pages=155 }}</ref> Some groups<ref name="Takhar2005">{{cite book|last=Takhar|first=Opinderjit Kaur|title=Sikh identity: an exploration of groups among Sikhs|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aeKWQzesOc4C&pg=PA51|access-date=26 November 2010|year=2005|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.|isbn=978-0-7546-5202-1|page=51|chapter=2 Guru Nanak Nishkam Sewak Jatha}}</ref> of Sikhism disagree with the consumption of meat altogether.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Ann Goldman|author2=Richard Hain|author3=Stephen Liben|title=Oxford Textbook of Palliative Care for Children|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f1fTsoA4wDMC&pg=PA220 |year=2006|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-852653-7 |pages=220 }}</ref> In practice, some Sikhs eat meat, while some Sikhs avoid meat. Sikhism encourages temperance and moderation in food, i.e. to neither starve or overeat. Thus, it does not find merit in fasting, which is banned as an austerity, as a ritual, or as a mortification of the body by means of wilful hunger.<ref name="singha_fasting">{{cite book|last=Singha|first=H.S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gqIbJz7vMn0C&pg=PA70|title=The Encyclopedia of Sikhism (over 1000 Entries)|publisher=Hemkunt Press|year=2000|isbn=9788170103011|pages=70–71}}</ref> Sikhs are forbidden from smoking and consumption of tobacco.{{citation needed}}

Islam has Quranic restrictions on food, such as how the meat is prepared.<ref name="cite quran|2|173|style=nosup">{{cite quran|2|173|style=nosup}}</ref> Halal meat is required in Islam, prepared by ritual [[Animal slaughter|slaughter]] that involves cutting the [[jugular]] veins of the animal with a sharp knife. This leads to death, through bleeding, of the animal.<ref>{{cite book|last=Riaz|first=Mian|title=Halal food production|publisher=CRC Press|year=2004|isbn=978-1-58716-029-5}}</ref> Meat from animals that die of natural causes or accident is not allowed, unless necessary.<ref name="cite quran|2|173|style=nosup" /> Beef is a religiously acceptable food to Muslims, but pork and alcohol is not.<ref>{{cite book|last=Esposito|first=John|title=What everyone needs to know about Islam|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2011|isbn=978-0-19-979413-3|pages=119}}</ref>

[[Fasting in Islam|Fasting]] is commended in Islam, especially in the month of [[Ramadan]].<ref name="singha_fasting" />

====Taxation====
Sikhism has never required a special tax for non-Sikhs.

Muslim rulers in history compelled the payment of a special tax (''[[jizya]]'') from ''[[dhimmi]]'', non-Muslims living in a Muslim state. The Muslim jurists required adult, free, sane males among the [[dhimmi]] community to pay the [[jizya]], while exempting non-Muslim women, children, elders, handicapped, the ill, the insane, monks, hermits, slaves and musta'mins—non-Muslim foreigners who only temporarily reside in Muslim lands. Dhimmis who chose to join military service were also exempted from payment, as were those who could not afford to pay. According to Islamic law, non-Muslim elders, handicapped etc. must be given pensions, and they must not go into begging. The purpose of the jizya was in exchange for protection and defending all non-Muslim residents against outside forces or invasions. Jizya was never imposed with the purpose to humiliate, demean or impose the faith of Islam on the non-Muslims. As Muslims pay ''[[zakat]]'' (2.5% of their savings, this amount of zakat paid by Muslims, exceeded the amount of jizya paid by the non-Muslims), which goes to the government for people in need. Dhimmis were excluded from having to pay Islamic religious tax such as zakat, also were excluded from other Islamic religious obligations.<ref>John Louis Esposito, Islam the Straight Path, Oxford University Press, 1998, pp. 33-34</ref><ref name="ame1">Anver M. Emon, Religious Pluralism and Islamic Law: Dhimmis and Others in the Empire of Law, Oxford University Press, {{ISBN|978-0199661633}}, pp. 99-109</ref>

====Worship and pilgrimage====
[[File:Darbar Sahib 27 September 2018.jpg|thumb|The [[Harmandir Sahib]] (also known as the Golden Temple).]][[File:Masjid al-Haram panorama.JPG|thumb|[[Masjid al-Haram]] Mecca.]]
[[File:Guru Nanak and Mardana with Fakirs on their way to Mecca.jpg|thumb|[[Guru Nanak]] and [[Bhai Mardana|Mardana]] with Muslim ''[[Fakir]]s'' on their way to [[Mecca]]. This painting is found in the B-40 [[Janamsakhis|Janamsakhi]], written and painted in 1733. The painting was made by Alam Chand Raj]]
The [[Harmandir Sahib|Golden Temple]] (Harmandir Sahib) in Amritsar, India is not only a central religious place of the Sikhs, but also a symbol of human brotherhood and equality. The four entrances of the holy shrine from all four directions, signify that people belonging to every walk of life are equally welcome. The Golden Temple is a holy site for Sikhs and is welcome to people of any faith.<ref name="sikhs.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.sikhs.org/granth.htm|title=Sikhism Religion of the Sikh People}}</ref>

Sikhs do not believe in pilgrimages. However, the first Sikh Guru, Baba [[Guru Nanak]], is known to have attended the [[Hajj]] on one occasion.

[[Mecca]] in Saudi Arabia is the central religious place in Islam.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Kerber|first=K. L.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZcMHD5WWL7AC&dq=quran+revealed+medina+mecca&pg=PA26|title=Psycho-Feminism (2 Vols. Set)|publisher=Global Vision Publishing House|isbn=978-81-87746-20-1|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Al-Laithy|first=Ahmed|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5ShMqiiJbNYC&dq=qur'an+revealed+medina+mecca+surah&pg=PA61|title=What Everyone Should Know about the Qurʼan|publisher=Garant|isbn=978-90-441-1774-5|language=en}}</ref> Mecca is regarded as the [[holy city|holiest city]] in Islam,<ref>Nasr, Seyyed. Mecca, The Blessed, Medina, The Radiant: The Holiest Cities of Islam. Aperture. 2005</ref> and a [[pilgrimage]] to it (''[[Hajj]]'') is one of the [[pillars of Islam]]. Non-Muslims are prohibited from entering the city.

== Demography ==
[[File:Muslim men praying in Afghanistan-2010.jpg|thumb|[[Muslim]]s praying at Mosque, Afghanistan]]
[[Islam]] is the second largest religion in the world as of 21st century with around 2 billion followers worldwide including Majority of [[Sunni]] and minority [[Shia Islam|Shia]],and Major School of jurisprudence [[Hanafi]], [[Shafiʽi school|shafii]], [[Maliki]], [[Hanbali]].

Mystical side of Islam includes [[Sufi]] and Islamic moments of Indian subcontinent includes [[Deobandi]] and [[Barelvi]]<ref>{{Cite magazine|last=Hannamayj|title=2.2 Billion: World's Muslim Population Doubles|language=en-US|magazine=Time|url=https://newsfeed.time.com/2011/01/27/2-2-billion-worlds-muslim-population-doubles/|access-date=2022-02-02|issn=0040-781X}}</ref><ref name="auto2">{{Cite web |url=http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/04/06/why-muslims-are-the-worlds-fastest-growing-religious-group/ |title=Why Muslims are the world's fastest-growing religious group |publisher=Pew Research Centre |access-date=24 April 2017}}</ref>

[[File:InsideSikhGurdwara.jpg|thumb|[[Sikh]]s praying at [[Gurudwara]], India]]

While on the other hand, [[Sikhism]] is the fifth largest religion in the world as of 21st century with around 180 million followers, including all of its sects, such as [[Nanakpanthi]]s & [[Khalsa|Khalsa Sikhs]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/navjot-singh-sidhu-misquotes-sikh-population-as-14-crores-in-his-speech-at-kartarpurs-inauguration |title= Navjot Singh Siddhu claims that 14 crore Sikhs live in India|website=Freepressjournal}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-who-are-nanak-naam-lewa-and-why-kartarpur-corridor-cant-be-limited-to-sikhs-6100351/lite/|title= According to rough estimates report, there are 12-15 crore Nanak Naam Lewas (Nanakpanthi) across the world |website=News Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Imran Khan has won the hearts of 140 million Sikhs: Sidhu|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/2096673/1-imran-khan-won-hearts-140-million-sikhs-sidhu|access-date=2022-02-02|website=The Express Tribune|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=ANI|title=Pak invites Sikh community to invest in commercial projects along Nankana-Kartarpur Corridor|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/pak-invites-sikh-community-to-invest-in-commercial-projects-along-nankana-kartarpur-corridor-119011300615_1.html|access-date=2022-02-02}}</ref>

==History==

=== Sikh Gurus ===
During the period of [[Guru Nanak|Guru Nanak Dev Ji]] (the 1st Guru of Sikhism), many people from the lower sections of society joined Sikhi. The main three principles taught by the Guru were, Naam Japna (to remember the one God), Kirat Karni (to live an honourable life), Vand Chakna (to share with others). During this time, although his followers still remained Hindu, Muslim, or of the religion to which they were born, they became known as the Guru ji's disciples, or sikhs. It was here his followers began to refer to him as teacher, or guru. The Guru ji told his followers that they were to be householders and could not live apart from the world—there were to be no priests or hermits. Here is where the Guru ji instituted the common meal, requiring the rich and poor, Hindu and Muslim, high caste and low caste, to sit together while eating. All worked together, all owned the town. Here is where Lehna, later to be Guru Angad, came to be with Guru Nanak Dev ji.

[[File:Painting of Mughal emperor Akbar meeting Guru Amar Das in 1567 at Goindwal.jpg|thumb|Painting of Mughal emperor [[Akbar]] meeting [[Guru Amar Das]] in 1567 at [[Goindval|Goindwal]]]]
During Muslim [[Akbar|Emperor Akbar's]] rule, Sikhism and other religions were accepted and flourished. The Emperor established an ''[[Ibadat Khana]]'', which served as a platform for religious debates and dialogues among different communities, including Sikhs. He also visited [[Guru Amar Das]] (3rd Sikh Guru) at [[Goindwal (Ludhiana West)|Goindwal]], where he ate at and offered donations for the [[Langar (Sikhism)|Langar]].<ref name="SinghKaur1997">{{cite book |last1=Singh |first1=Inderpal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jLLXAAAAMAAJ |title=Guru Nanak, a global vision |last2=Kaur |first2=Madanjit |last3=University |first3=Guru Nanak Dev |publisher=Guru Nanak Dev University |year=1997 |asin=B0000CP9NT |access-date=26 November 2010}}</ref><ref name="Shah1999">{{cite book |last=Shah |first=Giriraj |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OAgRAQAAIAAJ |title=Saints, gurus and mystics of India |publisher=Cosmo Publications |year=1999 |isbn=978-81-7020-856-3 |page=378 |access-date=26 November 2010}}</ref>

For most of the [[Mughal Empire]], however, Sikh Gurus were persecuted. [[Guru Arjan]] (5th Guru), for instance, was executed by the hands of [[Chandu Shah]].<ref name="Singh2003">{{cite book |last=Singh |first=Prof. Kartar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nhKMUnfLZLEC&pg=PA88 |title=Life Story Of Guru Nanak |publisher=Hemkunt Press |isbn=978-81-7010-162-8 |page=90 |access-date=26 November 2010}}</ref> After the martyrdom of Guru Arjan, [[Guru Hargobind]] (6th Guru) saw that it would no longer be possible to protect the [[Sikh]] community without the aid of arms.<ref name="IslamistPersecution1">V. D. Mahajan (1970). Muslim Rule In India. S. Chand, New Delhi, p.223.</ref> He wore two swords of [[Miri piri|Miri and Piri]] and built the [[Akal Takhat]], the Throne of the Immortal, which is the highest political institution of the Sikhs.<ref>{{cite book |last=Lal |first=Muni |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sTZuAAAAMAAJ |title=Aurangzeb |publisher=Vikas Pub. House |isbn=9780706940176 |via=Google Books}}</ref> When [[Kashmiri Pandit]]s were being forcefully converted to Islam by [[Aurangzeb]], [[Guru Tegh Bahadur]] (9th Guru) were beheaded for refusing to convert by Aurangzeb at [[Chandni Chowk]] in [[Delhi]].<ref name="IslamistPersecution2">{{cite book |last=Siṅgha |first=Kirapāla |title=Select documents on Partition of Punjab-1947 |publisher=National Book |year=2006 |isbn=978-81-7116-445-5 |page=234}}</ref> Fellow devotees [[Bhai Mati Das]], [[Bhai Sati Das]] and [[Bhai Dayala]] were also tortured and executed, while Guru Tegh Bahadur were forced to watch.<ref name="IslamistPersecution5">{{cite book |last=Singh |first=Prithi |title=The history of Sikh gurus |publisher=Lotus Press |year=2006 |isbn=978-81-8382-075-2 |page=124}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Kohli |first=Mohindar |title=Guru Tegh Bahadur : testimony of conscience |year=1992 |isbn=978-81-7201-234-2 |pages=33–61}}</ref>

[[Guru Gobind Singh]] (10th Guru) formed the [[Khalsa]]—the Army of the [[Akal Purakh]] (Immortal) Two of Guru Gobind Singh's younger sons, ''Sahibzaade'' [[Fateh Singh (Sikhism)|Fateh Singh]] (aged 7) and [[Zorawar Singh (Sikhism)|Zorawar Singh]] (aged 9), were bricked up alive by Mughal Governor [[Wazir Khan (Sirhind)|Wazir Khan]] in [[Sirhind]], Punjab. When in South India, Guru Gobind Singh sent [[Banda Singh Bahadur]] to chastise the repressive Governor of Sirhind. Banda Singh captured Sirhind and laid the foundation of the first Sikh empire.<ref name="pri">{{cite book |last=Singh |first=Prithi Pal |title=The history of Sikh Gurus |publisher=Lotus Press |year=2006 |isbn=978-81-8382-075-2 |pages=158}}</ref> The [[Nawab]] of [[Malerkotla State|Malerkotla]], [[Sher Muhammad Khan of Malerkotla|Sher Mohammad Khan]], protested against the execution of the Sahibzaade, after which Guru Gobind Singh blessed the state. Many historians consider this as a reason why [[Malerkotla]] was the only city not harmed by Banda Singh Bahadur during his military campaign.<ref>{{cite book |last=Randhawa |first=Karenjot Bhangoo |title=Civil Society in Malerkotla, Punjab: Fostering Resilience Through Religion |publisher=Lexington Books |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-739-16737-3 |page=62}}</ref><ref name="oxfordforsythe">{{cite book |last=Forsythe |first=David P. |title=Encyclopedia of Human Rights, Volume 1 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-195-33402-9 |page=51}}</ref>

=== Guru Nanak and the Nizari Ismailis ===
While there is no consensus on the issue of [[Guru Nanak]]’s faith prior to the advent of [[Sikhism]], one largely overlooked theory proposed by Dominique Sila-Khan in her works, ''Crossing the Threshold: Understanding Religious Identities in South Asia'' (2004) and ''Conversions and Shifting Identities'' (1997), argues that Guru Nanak was neither Hindu nor Sufi Muslim in the ‘mainstream’ sense, but rather, a [[Nizari Isma'ilism|Nizari Ismaili]] Muslim prior to Sikhism’s creation.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |first=Dominique-Sila |last=Khan |url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/52919440 |title=Crossing the threshold : understanding religious identities in South Asia |publisher=I.B. Tauris |isbn=1-85043-435-2 |pages=11–26 |oclc=52919440}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Sila-Khan |first=Dominique |title=Conversions and Shifting Identities |publisher=Manohar Publishers and Distributors |year=1997 |isbn=8173041814 |pages=220–267}}</ref>

==== Panth and Caste ====
[[Cartesian logic]] and the attempt to rigidly categorize people into religions often fails within the context of [[South Asia]], and certainly did so in the nineteenth century. In fact, while attempting to create an Indian census, [[British Raj|British]] colonists struggled to classify communities. In 1881, a British commissioner stated, “the observances and beliefs which distinguish the followers of the several faiths in their purity are so strangely blended and intermingled that it is often impossible to say that one prevails rather than the other, or to decide in which category the people shall be classified."<ref name=":1" />

In [[Colonialism|pre-colonial]] South Asia, religion was thus embraced and practiced as a more fluid phenomenon than how it may have been addressed [[Postcolonialism|post-colonialism]] and within contemporary religio-political landscapes.

Perhaps as a more rigid form of organization, [[Caste system in India|caste]] was used to categorize and informally legislate communities across South Asia. Not so much as a religious than social form of identification, Muslims also engaged in the caste system by dividing themselves along the lines of ''jati''. This social engagement is demonstrated by [[Rajput]] rulers considering themselves of the same ''jati'' as [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]]. As such, religion was not so much of a marker of affinity as caste was, and castes could possess multiple religious traditions within themselves.<ref name=":1" />

As an alternative to “religion,” South Asian faiths can be described as ''[[panth]]'' (path) and insinuate a spiritual mentor-disciple relationship. This ''panth'' model of faith often centers a spiritual figure like [[Kabir]] or Guru Nanak and proposes “a different path to salvation, through a distinct system of beliefs and practices.” The combination of social and religious categorization is referred to as ''jat-panth'', forming labels around the loose affiliations found along the religious continuum of South Asia.<ref name=":1" />

In an environment with ample religious fluidity and an impulse to delineate caste identity, Dominique Sila-Khan argues that there is a possibility that Guru Nanak was a Nizari Ismaili follower of [[Shamsuddin Sabzwari|Pir Shams]] practicing cautionary dissimulation in his early years. His Katri caste identification and recorded reverence for Pir Shams stands as one of the historical proofs for his Ismaili connection.

==== Proofs ====
Dominique Sila-Khan, using the religious and social context described above, offers evidence for her claim by tracking the similarities of Guru Nanak and Sikhism with the Ismailis.

* Dasondh-Dasvandh
** The fifth Guru, [[Guru Arjan|Arjun]], mandated that Sikhs give one-tenth of their income in the name of the Guru just as the Ismailis do for their Imam. The similarity indicates a ritualistic affinity with the Ismailis and conceptualization of alms.<ref name=":2" />
* Dharamsala-Jamatkhana
** Historically, Imamshahi’s would also call their religious spaces ''[[Dharamshala (type of building)|Dharamsalas]]'' just as early Sikhs would. Additionally, the Sikh ''sangat'' has an equivalence in the Ismaili ''j[[Jama'at Khana|amat]]'', indicating a similarity in the way in which the traditions conceptualize space and gathering.<ref name=":2" />
* Rituals
** In the practice of ''[[Khande di Pahul|Khande ki Pahul]]'', it is believed by some Sikhs that the first double edged dagger used to mix the water was the ''[[zulfiqar]]'' of [[Ali|Imam Ali]]. This call to [[Shia Islam]] indicates a spiritual connection that can be contrasted with Guru Nanak’s strong indictments of [[Sunni Islam|Sunni ulema]]. This reverence for the Imamate and contempt for Sunni scholars shows a parallel with the Ismailis.<ref name=":2" />
* Guruship, Pirship, and Imamate
** While Guru Nanak clearly differentiated himself and God, he is still treated in the ambiguous stage between man and the Divine. In this regard, the status of the Guru is like that of the Pir or of the Imam in the Ismaili tradition. Additionally, the passing of the mantle of Guru being described as a transfer of light echoes the process of ''[[Nass (Islam)|nass]]'' in the Ismaili tradition by which ''[[Nūr (Islam)|nur]]'' is transferred from the previous Imam to the next Imam. Linguistically, the language of ''sacha padshah'' is also used in both Sikh and Ismaili traditions to describe the ‘Supreme Guru’ or ‘True Emperor’ God.<ref name=":2" />
* Nanakshahi’s Hagiography
** Hagiographies describing Guru Nanak’s life have strong parallels to Ismaili literature. As an example, both Pir Shams Sabzwari and Guru Nanak were said to have gone to a village in which they were told they would be a burden by being given a bowl of milk. In both instances, the figures placed a flower on top of the milk to describe their insignificance upon the village and its resources. It is also recorded that Guru Nanak would bow to the grave of Pir Shams when he encountered it. Taken even further, both figures are attributed with saying a variant of the lin: “there is no Hindu, there is no Muslim.” In having Guru Nanak mirror Pir Shams, there is a demonstrated connection between the Sikhs and the Ismailis. In fact, some Ismaili ''ginans'' even mention Guru Nanak’s relationship with Pir Shams, indicating Ismaili and Sikhi cognizance of each other’s relationship to each other.<ref name=":2" />

==== Rethinking Guru Nanak ====
Dominique Sila-Khan presents a landscape of South Asian religious and caste identities that is full of changing associations and identities to deconstruct discrete categories of religious identity. In doing so, Guru Nanak can be contextualized as a figure who embraced some, and discarded other, forms of Ismaili practice to create his own separate, though not necessarily competing, form of religious thought. Sikhism’s practices and closeness to Ismailis should be taken as two faith traditions being in conversation with each other.{{Citation needed}}

=== Sikh Rule ===
The Muslim religious leadership and [[mosque]]s continuously received state support under Sikh rule.<ref>{{cite book | last = Duggal | first = Kartar Singh | title = Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the Last to Lay Arms | publisher = Abhinav Publications | page = 55 | isbn = 978-81-7017-410-3| year = 2001 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Singh | first = Rishi | title = State Formation and the Establishment of Non-Muslim Hegemony: Post-Mughal 19th-century Punjab | publisher = SAGE Publications | page = 11 | isbn = 978-9-351-50504-4| date = 2015-04-23 }}</ref> This was in contrast to the Muslims of [[Kashmir valley]], where Sikh rule was generally oppressive,<ref name="Madan">{{cite book|last=Madan|first=T. N.|author-link=Triloki Nath Madan|chapter=Kashmir, Kashmiris, Kashmiriyat: An Introductory Essay |editor-last=Rao|editor-first=Aparna|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nIUMAQAAMAAJ|title=The Valley of Kashmir: The Making and Unmaking of a Composite Culture?|publisher=Delhi: Manohar. Pp. xviii, 758|year=2008|isbn=978-81-7304-751-0|page=15}}</ref> although Punjab was governed by Maharaja Ranjit Singh and Kashmir was ruled intermittently by either Hindu or Sikh governors.<ref name="Zutshi">{{cite book|last=Zutshi|first=Chitralekha|title=Language of belonging: Islam, regional identity, and the making of Kashmir|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H7Ptp4Iod8EC|year=2003|publisher=Oxford University Press/Permanent Black|isbn=978-0-19-521939-5|pages=39–41}}</ref> The region had passed from the control of the [[Durrani Empire]] of [[Afghanistan]], and four centuries of [[Muslim]] rule under the [[Mughals]] and the [[Demographics of Afghanistan|Afghans]], to the [[Sikh Empire|Sikhs]] under Ranjit Singh in 1819.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Imperial Gazetteer of India (Volume 15); Karachi to Kotayam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3P-ctgAACAAJ|year=1908|publisher=Great Britain Commonwealth Office|isbn=978-1-154-40971-0|pages=94–95}}</ref> As the Kashmiris had suffered under the Afghans, they initially welcomed the new Sikh rulers,<ref name="SchofieldIB">{{cite book|last=Schofield|first=Victoria|title=Kashmir in conflict: India, Pakistan and the unending war|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ek00fuXVz1wC|year=2010|publisher=I. B. Tauris.|isbn=978-1-84885-105-4|pages=5–6}}</ref> however this perception later changed.<ref name="Madan" /> The Sikh rulers of Kashmir enacted several anti-Muslim laws,<ref name="Zutshi" /> which included handing out death sentences for cow slaughter,<ref name="SchofieldIB" /> closing down the [[Jamia Masjid, Srinagar|Jamia Masjid]] in [[Srinagar]], and banning the ''[[azaan]]'', the public Muslim call to prayer.<ref name="Zutshi" /> Several European visitors who visited Kashmir during Sikh rule wrote of the abject poverty of the vast Muslim peasantry and the exorbitant taxes under the Sikh rulers. High taxes, according to some contemporary accounts, had depopulated large tracts of the countryside.<ref name="SchofieldIB" /> However, after a famine in 1832, the Sikhs reduced the land tax.<ref name="Zutshi" />

=== Sufi Muslims and Sikhs ===
In South Asia alone, there are over 200 million Muslims who are followers of [[Sufism|Sufi]] traditions, the most notable being the [[Barelvi]] movement.<ref>{{citation|last1=Reference|first1=Marshall Cavendish|title=Illustrated Dictionary of the Muslim World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8Zp_5IydPGgC&pg=PA113|year=2011|isbn=9780761479291}}</ref> The Sikh Gurus had cordial relations with many [[Sufi Saints of South Asia|Sufi Saints]], and in the Sikh holy book, the [[Guru Granth Sahib]], many Sufi and other Muslim scholars’ quotes and wisdom are featured.<ref name="deol" />

In December 1588, a Sufi saint of [[Lahore]], [[Mian Mir]], visited [[Guru Arjan|Guru Arjan Dev]] at the initiation ceremony before the construction of the [[Harmandir Sahib]] (Golden Temple).<ref>{{cite book|last=Jawandha|first=Nahar|title=Glimpses of Sikhism|publisher=Sanbun Publishers|year=2010|isbn=978-93-80213-25-5|pages=42–43}}</ref>

The [[Ahmadiyya|Ahmadiyya Movement]] is a Muslim reform movement founded by [[Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]] (regarded as the ''[[Messiah in Islam|Masih]]'' and ''[[Mahdi]]'') to purify, defend, and [[proselytizing]] Islam.<ref name="sv2008">{{cite book|last=Valentine|first=Simon|title=Islam and the Ahmadiyya jamaʻat : history, belief, practice|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0-231-70094-8|location=New York|pages=130–134}}</ref> Since the 18th century, Sufis and ancestors of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad had cordial relations with Sikhs. Soon, however, the Sufis would have to battle the Sikh [[Ramgarhia]].<ref name="khan2015p22">{{cite book|last=Khan|first=Adil|title=From Sufism to Ahmadiyya a Muslim minority movement in South Asia|publisher=Indiana University Press|year=2015|isbn=978-0-253-01523-5|location=Bloomington|pages=22–27}}</ref> However, as [[Ranjit Singh]] established the [[Sikh Empire]], they pledged their loyalty and joined his army. For their service as commanders, Ranjit Singh returned to them some of the lost territory of their [[Jagir]].<ref name= khan2015p22/>

[[Ahmad Sirhindi]], a renowned and influential Sufi philosopher of the 16th and 17th centuries, was hostile to the Sikhs and celebrated the execution of the fifth Sikh guru, Guru Arjan. He wrote a laudatory letter to Shaikh Farid Bukhari (Murtza Khan) with an excerpt quoted [sic] as follows:<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gandhi |first=Surjit Singh |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/190873070 |title=History of Sikh gurus retold |publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Distributors |isbn=978-81-269-0859-2 |location=New Delhi |pages=431 |oclc=190873070}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Rishi |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1101028781 |title=State Formation and the Establishment of Non-Muslim Hegemony : Post-Mughal 19th-century Punjab. |publisher=SAGE Publications |isbn=978-93-5150-504-4 |location=New Delhi |oclc=1101028781}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Gaur |first=I. D. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/741613158 |title=Martyr as bridegroom : a folk representation of Bhagat Singh |publisher=Anthem Press |isbn=978-1-84331-348-9 |location=New Delhi, India |pages=27 |oclc=741613158}}</ref>

{{Quote|text="The execution of the accused Kafir of Goindwal at this time is a very good achievement indeed and has become the cause of a great defeat of hateful Hindus. With whatever intention they are killed and with whatever objective they
are destroyed it is a meritorious act for the Muslims. Before this Kafir was killed, I have seen a dream that Emperor of the day had destroyed the crown of the head of Shirk or infidelity. It is true that this infidel was the chief of the infidels and a leader of the Kafirs. The object of levying Jazia on them is to humiliate and insult the Kafirs and Jehad against them and hostility towards them are the necessities of the Muhammedan faith."|author=Ahmad Sirhindi|title=No. 193 in Part III of Vol. I of Muktubat-i-Imam Rubbani Hazrat Mujaddid-i-Alf-i-Sani}}

=== British India and Partition ===
During the [[British Raj]], Sikhs and Punjabi Muslims shared brotherhood, both participating in the [[British Indian Army]] to whom they showed loyalty during the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|revolt of 1857]].

During the [[partition of India]] in 1947, millions of Sikhs left Pakistan and moved into India, while millions of Muslims left India and moved into Pakistan; in between this movement, there was much bloodshed.<ref name="gp1">{{cite book|last=Pandey|first=Gyanendra|title=Remembering partition violence, nationalism, and history in India|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2001|isbn=978-0-521-00250-9|pages=1–19, 83–88, 153–158}}</ref> As people from all walks of life [[Partition of India#Resettlement of refugees: 1947–1951|left their homes]] and belongings to travel across the new border of India and Pakistan, many were killed on trains and land in what is thought to be acts of revenge.<ref name="gp1" /> [[Malerkotla]] was not affected and was viewed as a safe haven for Muslims during the partition.<ref name="oxfordforsythe" /> The popular legend associated with it is that the town was not impacted because of Guru Gobind Singh blessing it after its [[Nawab]] protested against the execution of the Guru's sons.<ref name="oxfordforsythe" />

Sikhs, under [[Tara Singh (activist)|Master Tara Singh]], were promised an autonomous region by [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]] on behalf of the Muslim population, as well as by [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] and [[Mahatma Gandhi]], on behalf of the majority Hindu community. They feared that Sikhs would join Pakistan if their support was not secured in backing the partition of Punjab. After the former colonial kingdoms and [[Princely state]]s were being divided along language differences, Punjab and Sikhs were not given any special status in the ''[[Constitution of India|Constitution Act of India]]''.{{Citation needed}}

== Persecution and attacks ==
[[File:Sikhs protest Pakistan.jpg|thumb|The Sikh community protested in Pakistan for their absence in census of 2017.]]{{See also|Sikhism in Pakistan}}{{See also|Sikhism in Afghanistan}}
In the [[United Kingdom|UK]], there have some instances of tension between [[British Sikhs|Sikhs]] and [[British Muslims|Muslims]], on allegations that some Sikhs have been [[forced to convert to Islam]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00731cf|title=Asian Network Reports Special - BBC Asian Network}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/west_midlands/6738455.stm|title=Protest march over 'conversions'|via=bbc.co.uk}}</ref>

In 2009, the [[Taliban in Pakistan]] demanded that Sikhs in the region pay them the ''[[jizya]]'' (poll tax levied by Muslims on non-Muslim minorities).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2009/20090417/world.htm#6 |title=The Tribune, Chandigarh, India – World |publisher=Tribuneindia.com |access-date=2010-03-09}}</ref> In 2010, the [[Taliban]] attacked many minorities including Sikhs resulting in two [[Beheading in Islam|beheadings]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.punjabnewsline.com/content/view/23629/38/ |title=Pak Sikhs seeks security, Indian citizenship |publisher=PunjabNewsline.com |access-date=2010-03-09 |archive-date=2010-02-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100227024100/http://www.punjabnewsline.com/content/view/23629/38 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In April 2016, two 16-year-old Muslims bombed a ''[[gurdwara]]'' in the German city of [[Essen]] using fire extinguishers that were converted into an explosive device. The devices detonated after a wedding party had left for the reception. A gurdwara priest was injured seriously, while two others were treated for minor injuries. The building itself was damaged severely. One of the teens was in [[deradicalization]] program. The two denied that it was religiously motivated, saying it was “just for the kick of building fireworks!” However, before setting off the blast, the two tried to break into another gurdwara in [[North Rhine-Westphalia|North Rhine Westphalia]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Sikh Temple bombing in Germany|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/sikh-temple-bombing-in-germany-was-carried-out-by-isis-sympathisers-a7007166.html|website=The Independent}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Islam and other religions]]
* [[Sikhism]]
* [[Ganga Sagar (urn)]]
* [[Battle of Chamkaur]]
* [[Mughal Empire]]
* [[Divisions of the world in Islam]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
*Brass, Paul. 2006. "[http://www.paulbrass.com/files/Sikh_formations.pdf Victims, heroes or martyrs? partition and the problem of memorialization in contemporary Sikh history]."
*Chopra, R. M. "Sikhism and Islam." In {{google books|VGnRPgAACAAJ|Glory of Sikhism}}. New Delhi: SANBUN. {{oclc|499896556}}.
*Copland, Ian. 1991. "The Princely States, the Muslim League, and the Partition of India in 1947." ''[[The International History Review]]'' 13(1):38–69. {{doi|10.1080/07075332.1991.9640572}}.
*Fenech, Louis. 1997. "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/606445 Martyrdom and the Sikh tradition]." ''[[Journal of the American Oriental Society]]'' 117(4):623–42.
*Smith, M. W. 1948. "[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1525/aa.1948.50.3.02a00050/abstract Synthesis and Other Processes in Sikhism]." ''[[American Anthropologist]]'' 50(3):457–62.
* [[Gurbachan Singh Talib|Talib, Gurbachan]]. 1950. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20091231141247/http://www.bharatvani.org/books/mla/ Muslim League Attack on Sikhs and Hindus in the Punjab 1947]''. India: [[Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee|Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee]]. [https://books.google.com/books?id=9fQLAAAAIAAJ&q=Muslim+League+Attack+on+Sikhs+and+Hindus+in+the+Punjab+1947 Google Books].
* [[Ernest Trumpp|Trumpp, Ernest]], trans. 1877. [https://archive.org/stream/TheAdiGranthOrTheHolyScripturesOfTheSikhs_311/TheAdiGranthOrTheHolyScripturesOfTheSikhs#page/n7/mode/2up ''Adi Granth, or The Holy Scripture of the Sikhs'']. London: WH Allen & Co.
*van der Veer, Peter. 2002. "[https://www.jstor.org/stable/4132876 Religion in South Asia]." ''[[Annual Review of Anthropology]]'' (31):173–87.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160810145129/http://www.usc.edu/org/cmje/religious-texts/quran/ The Qu'ran], University of Southern California

==External links==
*[https://www.deutsches-informationszentrum-sikhreligion.de Information center for Sikh Religion, Sikh History, Culture and Science]
{{Sikhism}}
{{Islam topics|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Islam and other religions|Sikhism]]
[[Category:Sikhism and other religions]]

Mir Qasim

2022-07-31T00:21:09Z

Devinderkumar: Contributed a new addition to the platform.

{{short description|18th-century Nawab of Bengal}}

{{Use dmy dates}}
{{Infobox noble
| name = Mīr Qasim
| native_name = মীর কাশিম
| titletext =
| more =
| image = Mir Qasim.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| succession = [[Nawabs of Bengal|Nawab Nazim of Bengal and Bihar]]
| reign = 20 October 1760 – 7 July 1763 (Declared deposed by the [[East India Company]]){{citation needed|date=June 2020}}
| predecessor = [[Mir Jafar]]
| successor = [[Mir Jafar]]
| death_date = {{Death date|df=yes|1777|05|08}}
| death_place = Kotwal near [[Delhi]]
| spouse = Nawab Fatima Begum Sahiba, daughter of [[Mir Jafar]] and Shah Khanum
| issue = {{startplainlist}}
* Mirza Ghulam Uraiz Ja'afari
* Mirza Muhammad Baqir ul-Husain
* Nawab Muhammad Aziz Khan Bahadur
* Nawab Badr ud-din Ali Khan Bahadur
{{endplainlist}}
| full name = Mīr Muhqammad qasim Ali khan
| noble family =Najafi
| father = Mir Razi Khan
| image_size =
| module = {{Infobox military person
| embed = yes
| allegiance = [[Mughal Empire]]
| branch = [[Nawab of Bengal]]
| rank = [[Subedar]], [[Nawab]]
| battles = [[Bengal War]] [[Battle of Buxar]]
}}
}}

'''Mir Qasim''' ({{lang-bn|মীর কাশিম}}; died 8 May 1777) was the [[Nawab of Bengal]] from 1760 to 1763. He was installed as Nawab with the support of the [[East India Company|British East India Company]], replacing [[Mir Jafar]], his father-in-law, who had himself been supported earlier by the East India Company after his role in winning the [[Battle of Plassey]] for the British. However, Mir Jafar eventually ran into disputes with the East India Company and attempted to form an alliance with the [[Dutch East India Company]] instead. The British eventually defeated the Dutch at [[Battle of Chinsura|Chinsura]] and overthrew Mir Jafar, replacing him with Mir Qasim.<ref name="Banglapedia">{{cite book |last=Shah |first=Mohammad |year=2012 |chapter=Mir Qasim |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Mir_Qasim |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> Qasim later fell out with the British and fought against them at [[Battle of Buxar|Buxar]]. His defeat has been suggested as a key reason in the British becoming the dominant power in large parts of [[North India|North]] and [[East India]].<ref>{{cite book |last=McLynn |first=Frank |title=1759: The Year Britain Became Master of the World |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7bncduYFrVYC&pg=PA389 |publisher=Grove Press |page=389 |isbn=978-0-8021-4228-3}}</ref>

==Early life and family==
Mir Syed Qasim was the son of Mir Muhammad Razi Khan, and claimed descent from [[Ali al-Ridha]].{{Citation needed}} His paternal grandfather, Sayyid Husayn Ridhwi, entered the [[Mughal Empire]] during the reign of [[Aurangzeb]], who married him to the daughter of Mir Hadi (Sheikh Sulayman Fazail). Ridhwi was conferred the title of Imtiaz Khan, and made the ''Waqia-navis'' (Interior Minister) and subsequently the [[Dewan]] of [[Bihar]]. Qasim's grandfather also wrote [[Persian poetry]] under the [[pen name]] of ''Khalis'', and a lengthy ''[[Diwan (poetry)|diwan]]'' is attributed to him.<ref>{{cite journal|page=177|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.280586/page/n199/mode/2up|journal=The Journal of the Bihar Research Society|volume=32|year=1946|publisher=Bihar Research Society|title=Bihar in the time of Aurangzeb|author=[[Syed Hasan Askari|Askari, Syed Hasan]]}}</ref>

Qasim was married to Fatima Begum, a daughter of [[Mir Jafar]] and Shah Khanum, and a granddaughter of Nawab [[Alivardi Khan]] of Bengal.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Murshidabad Guide: A Brief Historical Survey of Murshidabad, from 1704 to 1969|page=27|author=Ali Khan, Syed Muhammad Reza|year=1975|publisher=Shaykh Pear Mohammed}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=From Plassey to Pakistan: The Family History of Iskander Mirza, the First President of Pakistan|year=2002|author=Mirza, Humayun|publisher=[[University Press of America]]|isbn=9780761823490}}</ref> Prior to becoming the [[Nawab of Bengal]], he served as the [[Faujdar]] of [[Rangpur Division|Rangpur]] for roughly two decades.<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Proceedings|page=332|publisher=[[Indian History Congress]]|title=Note on the northern frontier of Bengal from Murshid Kuli Khan to Warren Hastings|year=1970|volume=31|author=Majumdar, A. B.}}</ref>

== Life ==
[[File:The Navab's arrival before Clive's position.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Nawab's arrival before Clive's position.]]

Upon ascending the throne, Mir Qasim rewarded the East India Company with lavish gifts.He also granted it the right to collect revenue of the districts of [[Burdwan]],[[Midnapore]] and [[Chittagong]].{{Citation needed}} However, Qasim soon ran into disputes with the Company over trade issues, as they objected to Qasim's attempt to levy [[Tariff|import and export tariffs]] on their goods. In particular, they objected to a 9% [[Duty (economics)|duty]] imposed of all foreign traders. The relationship between Qasim and the company slowly deteriorated, and he shifted his capital from [[Murshidabad]] to [[Munger]] in present-day [[Bihar]] where he raised an army, financing his new troops by streamlining tax collection.<ref name="Banglapedia" />

Qasim vigorously opposed the East India Company's position that their Mughal license (''a [[Dastak (trade permit)|dastak]]'') meant that they could trade without paying taxes (other local merchants with ''dastaks'' were required to pay up to 40% of their revenue as tax). Frustrated at the British refusal to pay these taxes, Mir Qasim abolished taxes on the local traders as well. This upset the advantage that the European traders had been enjoying so far, and hostilities built up. Mir Qasim invaded the Company offices in [[Patna]] in 1763, killing several Europeans including the Resident. Mir Qasim allied with [[Shuja-ud-Daula]] of [[Avadh]] and [[Shah Alam II]], the incumbent [[Mughal Empire|Mughal emperor]] against the British. However, their combined forces were defeated in the [[Battle of Buxar]] in 1764.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fDxyDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA90 |title=Through The Ages History & Civics class 8 |last=Gupta |first=Tapati Das |publisher=S. Chand Publishing |isbn=9789352534173 }}</ref> Qasim also launched a brief invasion of [[Hindu]] [[Kingdom of Nepal]] in 1763 during the reign of [[Maharajadhiraja]] [[Prithvi Narayan Shah]], the first [[King of Nepal]]. Kanak Singh Baaniya, Chief Minister of Makwanpur, had requested Qasim's intervention against Shah after he had taken Bikram Sen, the king of Makwanpur, [[hostage]]. Qasim dispatched a military force under the command of his general Gurgin Khan to invade Nepal. Khan was swiftly defeated by Shah's army, and retreated.{{citation needed}}

Unlike [[Siraj-ud-Daulah]] before him, Mir Qasim was an effective and popular ruler. Their victory at Buxar established the East India Company as a powerful force in the province of Bengal in a much more real sense than [[Battle of Plassey|at Plassey]] seven years earlier and [[Battle of Chinsurah|at Bedara]] five years earlier. By 1793 the East India company had abolished the ''Nizamat'' (referring to the Mughal suzerainty) and became completely in charge of the former Mughal province.

== Death ==
Having lost all his men and influence after his defeat at Buxar, Qasim was expelled from his camp by [[Shuja-ud-Daula]] on 23 October 1764; fleeing to [[Rohilkhand]], [[Allahabad]], [[Gohad]] and [[Jodhpur]], and eventually settling at Kotwal, near [[Delhi]] ca. 1774.{{Citation needed}}

Mir Qasim died in obscurity and abject poverty possibly from [[Edema|dropsy]], at Kotwal, near Delhi on 8 May 1777.{{Citation needed}}

==See also==
* [[Mughal Empire]]
* [[Shia Islam in India]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{Cite book |last= Dalrymple |first= William |year= 2019 |title= The Anarchy: The Relentless Rise of the East India Company |location= New York |publisher= Bloomsbury publishing |type= Hardcover |isbn= 978-1-63557-395-4}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-hou|||(Unknown)|8 May|1777}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Saulat Jang]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Faujdar]] of [[Rangpur Division|Rangpur]]|years=1740 – 20 October 1760}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Abid Ali Khan]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Mir Jafar]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Nawab of Bengal]]|years=20 October 1760 – 7 July 1763}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Mir Jafar]]}}
{{end}}

{{Bengal Zamindars}}

{{Indian Independence Movement}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Qasim, Mir}}
[[Category:1777 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian Shia Muslims]]
[[Category:Nawabs of Bengal]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]