Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]

Sri Sri Ramakrishna Kathamrita

2026-04-30T00:20:41Z

DarleneSeamon8: new a details

{{Short description|Book by Mahendranath Gupta}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox book
| name = Sri Sri Ramakrishna Kathamrita
| title_orig = {{noitalic|শ্রীশ্রীরামকৃষ্ণ-কথামৃত}}
| orig_lang_code = bn
| translator =
| image = Kathamrita 5vols.jpg
| caption = The 5 volumes of ''Kathamrita'' for display at Kathamrita Bhavan.
| author = [[Mahendranath Gupta]]
| illustrator =
| cover_artist =
| country = [[India]]
| language = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| series =
| subject =
| genre = [[Spirituality]]
| publisher = Kathamrita Bhavan
| pub_date = 1902, 1904, 1908, 1910 and 1932
| english_pub_date =
| media_type =
| pages =
| isbn =
| oclc=
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
}}

[[File:Sri M Mahendranath Gupta.png|thumb|Sri M Mahendranath Gupta]]
'''''Sri Sri Ramakrishna Kathamrita''''' ({{langx|bn|শ্রীশ্রীরামকৃষ্ণ-কথামৃত}}, {{IAST|Śrī-Śrī-Rāmakṛṣṇa-Kathāmṛta}}, ''The Nectar of Sri Ramakrishna's Words'') is a five-volume [[Bengali literature|Bengali]] work by [[Mahendranath Gupta]] (1854–1932), which recounts conversations and activities of the 19th century Indian mystic [[Ramakrishna]]. The volumes were published consecutively in the years 1902, 1904, 1908, 1910 and 1932. The ''Kathamrita'' is regarded as a Bengali classic<ref name="Sen 2001 32">{{Harvnb|Sen|2001|p=32}}</ref> and revered among the followers of Ramakrishna as a sacred scripture.<ref name="jack-16-17">{{Harvnb|Jackson|1994|pp=16–17}}</ref> Its translation into English is entitled ''[[The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna]]'' (1942).

==Methodology and history==
[[Mahendranath Gupta]] (famously known simply as "M.") was a professor at [[Surendranath College|Ripon College]] and taught at a number of schools in [[Kolkata]]. He had an academic career at Hare School and [[Presidency University, Kolkata|Presidency College]] in Kolkata. M had the habit of maintaining a personal diary since the age of thirteen.<ref>{{Harvnb|Sen|2001|p=42}}</ref> M met Ramakrishna in 1882. Attracted by Ramakrishna's teachings, M would maintain a [[stenographic]] record of Ramakrishna's conversations and actions in his diary, which finally took the form of a book ''Sri Sri Ramakrishna Kathamrita''.<ref name="jack-16-17"/><ref name="TV-7-8">{{Harvnb|Tyagananda|Vrajaprana|2010|pp=7–8}}</ref> Initially, when M began writing the diaries, he had no plans of publication.<ref name="TV-7-8"/><ref>{{Harvnb|Sen|2001|p=28}}</ref> Regarding his methodology, M wrote, "I wrote everything from memory after I returned home. Sometimes I had to keep awake the whole night... Sometimes I would keep on writing the events of one sitting for seven days, recollect the songs that were sung, and the order in which they were sung, and the [[samadhi]] and so on."<ref name="TV-7-8"/> In each of his ''Kathamrita'' entries, M records the date, time and place of the conversation.<ref name="TV-12-14">{{Harvnb|Tyagananda|Vrajaprana|2010|pp=12–14}}</ref> The title ''Kathamrita'', literally "nectar words" was inspired by verse 10.31.9 from the [[Vaishnava]] text, the ''[[Bhagavata Purana]]''.<ref>{{Harvnb|Tyagananda|Vrajaprana|2010|pp=10}}</ref>

The pre-history of the ''Kathamrita'' has been discussed in R.K.Dasputa's essay {{Harv|Dasgupta|1986}}.<ref name="Sen-27" /> The first volume (1902) was preceded by a small booklet in English called ''A Leaf from the Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna'' (1897).<ref name="Sen-27">{{Harvnb|Sen|2001|p=27}}</ref> After the death of Ramakrishna, the growing public recognition of him encouraged Gupta to make his diary public. M thought that his was an important medium for public dissemination of Ramakrishna's ideas. M also sought [[Sarada Devi]]'s appraisal before the publication of the diary.<ref name="sen-29-31">{{Harvnb|Sen|2001|pp=29–31}}</ref> Between 1898 and 1902, [[transliteration|transliterated]] excerpts from his diary were published in leading Bengali journals like ''Bangadarshan'', ''[[Udbodhan]]'', ''Hindu Patrika'', ''Shaitya Patrika'' and ''[[Janmabhumi]]''.<ref name="sen-29-31" /> The first four volumes were published in 1902, 1904, 1908 and 1910 respectively and the fifth volume in 1932; the final volume was delayed because of M's health problems.<ref name="sen-46-47"/> At the time of M's death in 1932, he was contemplating at least six to seven volumes, after which he hoped to rearrange the entire material chronologically.<ref name="TV-12-14"/><ref name="sen-46-47">{{Harvnb|Sen|2001|pp=46–47}}</ref>

According to [[Sumit Sarkar]], "The ''Kathamrita'' was published 15-50 years after the sessions with Ramakrishna, and covers a total of only 186 days spread over the last four and a half years of the saint's life. The full text of the original diary has never been made publicly available. Considered as a constructed 'text' rather than simply as a more-or-less authentic 'source', the ''Kathamrita'' reveals the presence of certain fairly self-conscious authorial strategies... The high degree of '[[illusory truth effect|truth effect]]' undeniably conveyed by the ''Kathamrita'' to 20th century readers is related to its display of testimonies to authenticity, careful listing of 'types of evidence', and meticulous references to exact dates and times."<ref>

{{Harvnb|Sarkar|1993|p=5}}</ref> [[Tyagananda]] and Vrajaprana write, "...at the time of M' death, he had enough diary material for another five or six volumes. Poignantly and frustratingly, M's diary notations were as sparse as they were cryptic. As a result, M's ''Kathamrita'' project ended with the fifth volume. And, lest there be any misunderstanding, it needs to be said that the sketchy notations which constitute the remainder of M's diary belong solely to M's descendants, not to the [[Ramakrishna Order]]. It also needs to be pointed out that, according to Dipak Gupta, M's great-grandson, scholars can, and have, seen these diaries."<ref name="TV-12-14"/>

==Contents==
The ''Kathamrita'' contains the conversations of Ramakrishna from 19-26 February 1882 to 24 April 1886, during M's visits.<ref name="Sen 2001 32"/> M offers information about a great variety of people with very different interests converging at [[Dakshineswar Kali temple]] including, "... childless widows, young school-boys (K1: 240, 291; K2: 30, 331; K3: 180, 185, 256), aged pensioners (K5: 69-70), Hindu scholars or religious figures (K2: 144, 303; K3: 104, 108, 120; K4: 80, 108, 155, 352), men betrayed by lovers (K1: 319), people with suicidal tendencies (K4: 274-275), small-time businessmen (K4: 244), and, of course, adolescents dreading the grind of ''[[samsara|samsaric]]'' life (K3: 167)."<ref>{{Harvnb|Sen|2006|pp=172–173}}</ref>

The ''Kathamrita'' also records the devotional songs that were sung by Ramakrishna, including compositions by [[Ramprasad Sen|Ramprasad]], an 18th-century ''[[Shakta]]'' poet.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hixon|2002}}, pp. 16-17</ref><ref name="Harding_214">{{Harvnb|Harding|1998}}, p. 214</ref>

==Translations==
Several English translations exist; the most well-known is ''[[The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna]]'' (1942), by [[Swami Nikhilananda]] of the [[Ramakrishna Order]].<ref name=gospelsrk>[[Swami Nikhilananda]] (1942). ''The Gospel of Sri Ramakrishna''. New York, Ramakrishna-Vivekananda Center. {{OCLC|4577618}}</ref> This translation has been criticized as inaccurate by [[Jeffrey Kripal]], while others such as [[Lex Hixon]] and Swami [[Tyagananda]] have regarded the translation as authentic and [[culturally sensitive]].

A translation by Sachindra Kumar Majumdar, entitled ''Conversations with Sri Ramakrishna'', is published electronically by SRV Retreat Center, Greenville NY, following the original five-volume format of the Kathamrita.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.universaltemple.org/product_details.php?prod_id=6&parent_id=&cat_id=1|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170312181921/http://universaltemple.org/product_details.php?prod_id=6&parent_id=&cat_id=1|archive-date=12 March 2017|title=Conversations with Sri Ramakrishna
|website=SRV Retreat Center}}</ref>

The latest complete translation, by Dharm Pal Gupta, is intended to be as close to the Bengali original as possible, conveyed by the words "Word by word translation" on the cover. All 5 volumes have been published.<ref>''"Sri Dharm Pal Gupta started the task of translating them into English, maintaining the same spirit of faithful translation. And before he left this world in 1998, he had completed the colossal work of translating all the five parts of Kathamrita into English."'', Publisher’s Note, Monday, 1 January 2001, [http://www.kathamrita.org/kathamrita/k1publisher.htm http://www.kathamrita.org] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100304005329/http://www.kathamrita.org/kathamrita/k1publisher.htm |date=4 March 2010}}</ref>

==References and notes==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Bibliography==
{{Refbegin}}
* {{Cite book| last = Dasgupta | first=R. K | title=Sri Sri Ramakrishna Kathamrita as a religious classic | publisher=Bulletin of the Ramakrishna Mission Institute of Culture |date=June 1986}}
* {{Cite book| last=Harding | first=Elizabeth U. | year=1998 | title = Kali, the Dark Goddess of Dakshineswar | publisher = Motilal Banarsidass | isbn=81-208-1450-9}}
* {{Cite book|last=Hixon | first=Lex |author-link=Lex Hixon |title=Great Swan: Meetings With Ramakrishna |publisher=Larson Publications |location=Burdett, N.Y. |year= 2002|isbn=0-943914-80-9}}
*{{Cite book|last=Jackson|first=Carl T.|title=Vedanta for the West|publisher=Indiana University Press|year=1994|isbn=0-253-33098-X}}
*{{Cite book| last =Gupta | first =Mahendranath |author2=Dharm Pal Gupta
| title =Sri Sri Ramakrishna Kathamrita | publisher =Sri Ma Trust| url=http://www.kathamrita.org/ | year =2001 | isbn =978-81-88343-00-3}}
* {{Cite book | editor=D.P. Gupta | editor2=D.K. Sengupta | title=Sri Sri Ramakrishna Kathamrita Centenary Memorial | year=2004 | publisher=Sri Ma Trust | place=Kolkata | url=http://www.kathamrita.org/CM.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716110642/http://www.kathamrita.org/CM.pdf | url-status=dead | archive-date=2011-07-16}}
* {{Cite book| last=Sarkar | first=Sumit | author-link=Sumit Sarkar | title=An exploration of the Ramakrishna Vivekananda tradition | publisher=Indian Institute of Advanced Study | year=1993}}
*{{Cite journal
| last = Sen
| first = Amiya P.
| author-link= Amiya Prosad Sen
| title = Sri Ramakrishna, the ''Kathamrita'' and the Calcutta middle classes: an old problematic revisited
| journal = Postcolonial Studies
| volume = 9
| issue = 2
| pages = 165–177
|date=June 2006
| doi = 10.1080/13688790600657835
| s2cid = 144046925
}}
*{{Cite journal
| last = Sen
| first = Amiya P.
| title = Three essays on Sri Ramakrishna and his times
| year = 2001
| publisher = Indian Institute of Advanced Study
}}
* {{Cite book|last1=Tyagananda|author-link1=Tyagananda|last2=Vrajaprana|title=Interpreting Ramakrishna: Kali's Child Revisited|publisher=[[Motilal Banarsidass]]|isbn=978-81-208-3499-6|pages=410|url=http://www.interpretingramakrishna.com/| year=2010|place=Delhi}}
{{Refend}}

==External links==
* [http://www.kathamrita.org/kathamrita.htm ''Sri Sri Ramakrishna Kathamrita''. English translation by Dharm Pal Gupta] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070312150520/http://www.kathamrita.org/ |date=12 March 2007 }} at [http://www.kathamrita.org Sri Ma Trust]

{{Ramakrishna}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Ramakrishna]]
[[Category:Bengali-language books]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian books]]
[[Category:Indian biographies]]

K. R. Wadhwaney

2026-04-29T07:15:53Z

DarleneSeamon8: added a page.

{{Short description|Indian sports journalist and author (died 2019)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Kishin Wadhwaney
| image = 
| alt = 
| caption =
| other_names =
| birth_name = K. R. Wadhwaney
| birth_date = 
| birth_place =
| death_date = 24 October 2019
| death_place =
| occupation = Journalist
| years_active =
| known_for =
| notable_works = Indian Cricket and Corruption Indian Cricket Controversies Scandals, Controversies & World Cup-2003
}}
'''Kishin Wadhwaney,''' better known as '''K. R. Wadhwaney''' was an Indian author and sports journalist.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Veteran Sports Journalist KR Wadhwaney Dies Aged 90|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/sports-news-veteran-sports-journalist-kr-wadhwaney-dies-aged-90/341077|access-date=2021-03-21|website=Outlook India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-10-25|title=Veteran sports journalist K R Wadhwaney no more|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/veteran-sports-journalist-k-r-wadhwaney-no-more-771000.html|access-date=2021-03-21|website=Deccan Herald|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Sachin Tendulkar - A fighter at 16 - Indian Express|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/sachin-tendulkar--a-fighter-at-16/1195898/3|access-date=2021-03-21|website=archive.indianexpress.com}}</ref>

== Biography ==
Wadhwaney was born in Karachi (in [[British India|undivided India]], now in [[Pakistan]]). Later he moved to [[Lucknow]] after [[Partition of India|partition]] in 1947.<ref>{{Cite news|agency=PTI|date=2019-10-25|title=Veteran sports journalist K R Wadhwaney no more|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/veteran-sports-journalist-k-r-wadhwaney-no-more/article29794935.ece|access-date=2021-03-21|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> From where he moved to [[Delhi]] during 1960s. He had served as the chief sports editor for [[The Indian Express]] for more than three decades.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2019-10-26|title=Former sports editor and author of 31 books passes away|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/former-sports-editor-and-author-of-31-books-passes-away-6088439/|access-date=2021-03-27|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref> Wadhwaney had been known for his close association with organizations for sports journalists like Sports Journalists’ Federation of India, Asian Sports Journalists’ Union etc. At Sports Journalists’ Federation of India he served as the founding secretary.<ref>{{Cite web|title=About Us – SJFI|url=https://sjfi.in/about-us/|access-date=2021-03-27|language=en-US}}</ref> He had written altogether 31 books, which were primarily sports themed covering not only popular sports like Cricket but also less popular sports like Hockey, Swimming etc.<ref name=":0" />

== Death ==
Wadhwaney died on October 24, 2019, at the age of 90.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Service|first=Tribune News|title=Veteran sports journalist KR Wadhwaney passes away|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/sports/veteran-sports-journalist-kr-wadhwaney-passes-away-852073|access-date=2021-03-27|website=Tribuneindia News Service|language=en}}</ref>

== Selected works ==

* Wadhwaney, Kishin R.. Indian Cricket Controversies. N.p.: Diamond Pocket Books Pvt Ltd, 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Naqvi|first=Jawed|date=2013-06-06|title=Missing leg and off|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1016372/missing-leg-and-off|access-date=2021-03-21|website=DAWN.COM|language=en}}</ref>
* Wadhwaney, Kishin R.. Scandals, Controversies & World Cup-2003. India: Diamond Pocket Books (P) Limited,
* Wadhwaney, Kishin R.. The Romance of World Cup Cricket, 1975–2003. India: Har-Anand Publications, 2002.
* Indian Airports: Shocking Ground Realities, 2004
* Wadhwaney, Kishin R.. Indian Cricket and Corruption. India: Siddharth Publications, 2005.
* Wadhwaney, Kishin R.. Cricket War Plus Shooting. India: Har-Anand Publications, 2002.
* Wadhwaney, Kishin R.. [[Kapil Dev]]: The Prince of Allrounders. India: Siddharth Publications, 1995.
* Wadhwaney, Kishin R.. Triumphs and Tragedies of Indian Hockey. India: Siddharth Publications, 2005.
* Wadhwaney, Kishin R.. The Story of Swimming. India: [[Publications Division]], Ministry of Information & Broadcasting, Government of India, 2002.
* Wadhwaney, Kishin R.. SMG Sportingly Spoilsport. India: Siddharth Publications, 2010.
* Wadhwaney, Kishin R.. Cricket's Murky Underworld. India: Ajanta Books International, 2001.
* Wadhwaney, Kishin R.. India-Pakistan "Ashes," 1952–99. India: Har-Anand Publications, 2000.
* Wadhwaney, Kishin R.. M.S. Dhoni: A Child of Destiny. India: Har-Anand Publications Pvt. Limited, 2017.
* Wadhwaney, K. R. [[Lala Amarnath]]: A Stormy Petrel of Indian Cricket. India: Ajanta Publications, 2000.
* Wadhwaney, K. R. ''The Troublesome Test Tussle'' <ref>{{Cite news|title=Suresh Menon's Book Review: Kishin Wadhwaney's The Troublesome Test Tussle|url=https://www.dreamcricket.com/articles/dc-series--news/suresh-menons-book-review-kishin-wadhwaneys-i-the-troublesome-test-tussle-i/}}</ref>
* K.R. Wadhwaney, Arjuna Awardees, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India, 2002.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==

* [http://worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n89268717/ K R Wadhwaney] at [[WorldCat|Worldcat]]

[[Category:2019 deaths]]

Babushaan Mohanty

2026-04-29T03:25:02Z

DarleneSeamon8:

{{Short description|Indian actor and Playback singer}}
{{Unreliable sources|date=November 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Babushaan Mohanty
| image = Babusan Mohanty.jpg
| birth_name = Tanmay Mohanty
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1989|07|30}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sambad.in/news/entertainment/today-is-birthday-of-chandan/67925.html|title=ବାବୁସାନ୍‌ଙ୍କୁ ୨୯ ଚାଲିଲା,ଏବର୍ଷ ଅଭିନୀତ ଓଡ଼ିଆ ସିନେମା ସଂଖ୍ୟା ବି ହେବ ୨୯!|work=[[Sambad]]|language=Odia|date=30 July 2017|trans-title=Today is birthday of Chandan}}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Bhubaneswar]], [[Odisha]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZBrzDwAAQBAJ&dq=Chandan+Nayak+odisha+state+award&pg=PA176|title=Know Your State Odisha|date=4 June 2019 |publisher=Arihant Experts|isbn=978-93-131-9327-2 }}</ref>
| occupation = {{hlist|[[Actor]]|[[playback singer]]|[[musical artist]]}}
| years_active = 2009–present
| parents = [[Uttam Mohanty]] (father)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://odishabytes.com/fathers-day-odisha-celebs-express-gratitude-for-their-pillars-of-support/|title=Father's Day: Odisha Celebs Express Gratitude For Their Pillars Of Support|last=Suman|first=Sefali|date=20 June 2021|work=OdishaBytes}}</ref> [[Aparajita Mohanty]] (mother)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/events/Dhenkanal/Chandan-wishes-mother-Geetanjali-Nayak-on-her-birthday/articleshow/80629042.cms|title=Chandan wishes mother Geetanjali Nayak on her birthday|last=Bal|first=Sandip|date=1 February 2021|work=The Times of India}}</ref>
|spouse = Tripti Satpathy }}
'''Tanmay Mohanty''' (born 30 July 1990), professionally known as '''Babushaan Mohanty''', is an [[Indian actor]] and [[playback singer]] who predominantly works in [[Cinema of Odisha|Odia cinema]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/events/bhubaneswar/babushaan-does-a-photoshoot-with-kids/articleshow/79796415.cms|title=Babushaan does a photoshoot with kids|last=Bal|first=Sandip|date=18 December 2020|work=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=3 September 2011 |title=Babushan |url=https://incredibleorissa.com/oriyafilms/babusan-oriya-hero/ |newspaper=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2022/state-editions/babushan-performs-bol-bam-to-promote----daman---.html |title=Babushan performs Bol Bam to promote 'Daman'|publisher=Dailypioneer.com|date=|access-date=2022-11-13}}</ref> He is known for his performance in successful [[Odia language|Odia]] movie ''[[Daman (2022 film)|DAMaN]]''.

==Early life==
Babushaan was born as Tanmay Mohanty on 30 July 1989 in [[Bhubaneswar]] in a [[Karan (caste)|Karan]] family, to actors [[Uttam Mohanty]] and [[Aparajita Mohanty]].

He did his schooling from DAV Public School, Unit 8, and later studied at KIIT University.

== Career ==
Babushaan Mohanty debuted in the Odia film industry through ''[[Romeo - The Lover Boy]]'' directed by [[Hara Patnaik]] opposite actress Lovely.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/odisha/star-kid-of-oriya-film-ready-to-shine-actor-babushaan-believes-acting-prowess-should-speak-for-his-talent/cid/477901|title=Star kid of Oriya film ready to shine - Actor Babushaan believes acting prowess should speak for his talent|work=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]]|date=2 October 2010}}</ref> His parents played his father and mother in the movie.

In 2015, he starred in the successful films ''Jie Jaha Kahu Mora Dho'', ''[[Super Michhua]]'' and ''[[Bhala Pae Tate 100 Ru 100]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sambadenglish.com/ollywood-rewind-2015/|title=Ollywood Rewind 2015|work=[[Sambad|Sambad English]]|date=31 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sambadenglish.com/babusaan-the-box-office-favourite/|title=Babusaan: The Box office favourite | Sambad English|date=12 November 2015|work=[[Sambad|Sambad English]]}}</ref>

In 2022, he played the role of a doctor in the movie ''[[Daman (2022 film)|DAMaN]]'', which received a good reaction from the audience. Earlier in this year, ''Bidyarana'' released in theaters during [[Ratha Yatra|Ratha Jatra]], in which he shared the screen with Sivani Sangita, Soma Bhoumick, [[Pupul Bhuyan]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Actress Pupul Bhuyan waits for shooting for her film to resume post lockdown - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/events/bhubaneswar/actress-pupul-bhuyan-waits-for-shooting-for-her-film-to-resume-post-lockdown/articleshow/77851873.cms |access-date=15 November 2022|website=The Times of India |language=en|last1=Bal |first1=Sandip }}</ref> In 2025, his Movie [[Bou Buttu Bhuta]] Create History and Collect 21cr and became The [[Highest-grossing|Highest Grossing]] [[Odia Film]] of All time.

=== Production company ===
Mohanty started his production company Babushaan Films in 2017. ''Sunapila Tike Screw Dhila'' was the first movie made by this production with Prakash & Dhiraj Entertainment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-04 |title='ସୁନା ପିଲା ଟିକେ ସ୍କୃ ଢ଼ିଲା'ରେ ଶୀତଲ ଓ ବାବୁସାନଙ୍କ ଯୋଡ଼ି |url=https://odisha.live/2017/08/04/ସୁନା-ପିଲା-ଟିକେ-ସ୍କୃ-ଢ଼ିଲା/ |access-date=2023-03-05 |website=OdishaLIVE |language=en-US }}{{Dead link|date=August 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Suna Pila Tike Screw DhilaU |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/oriya/movie-details/suna-pila-tike-screw-dhila/movieshow/61218376.cms |access-date=2023-03-05 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> In 2023, he co-produced ''Phalguna Chaitra'' with Aadya Jagdev Films and [[Malyagiri]] with Rain Drop Pictures. In 2024, he produced ''Pabar'' under Babushaan Films.

==Controversy==
Mohanty was involved in a public controversy in July 2022 surrounding allegations of an extramarital affair with actress [[Prakruti Mishra]]. On July 23, 2022, Mohanty's wife, Trupti Satapathy, intercepted his car in Bhubaneswar, where he was traveling with Mishra. His wife publicly confronted both Babushaan and Prakruti, accusing them of having a two-year extramarital affair. Satapathy lodged a case against Mohanty under sections 498A husband or his relative subjecting wife to cruelty and 506 criminal intimidation of the [[Indian Penal Code]]. Mishra's mother filed a complaint under IPC sections 341, wrongful restraint), 323 voluntarily causing hurt 506 criminal intimidation, and others. Babushaan later described Prakruti Mishra as a "very good friend" in a [[Facebook]] live stream, denying allegations of blackmail or harassment, Babushaan's mother, veteran actress [[Aparajita Mohanty]], publicly stated that "bad company" had ruined her son and appealed to him to return to his wife and child.<ref>https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2022/Jul/23/odia-actors-babushaan-mohanty-prakruti-mishra-face-wifes-public-ire-over-affair-2479982.html</ref>

== Filmography ==
=== Films ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Notes
! {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
|2009
|''[[Mungaru Male|Romeo –The Lover Boy]]''
|Romeo ||Debut film
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |2010
|''To Akhire Mu''
| Surya / Prakash||
|
|-
|''[[Sanju Aau Sanjana]]''
|Sanju
|
|
|-
|''[[Prema Adhei Akhyara]]''
|Amar
|'''Won'''–[[Odisha State Film Awards#Odisha State Film Award for Best Actor|Odisha State Film Award for Best Actor]] '''Won'''–[[Odisha State Film Award for Best Singer]]
|<ref name="T">{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/odisha/double-honour-for-babushan-state-film-awards-2010-announced-newcomer-riya-bags-best-actress-award/cid/475993|title=Double honour for Babushan - State film Awards 2010 announced, newcomer Riya bags Best Actress award|last=Panda|first=Namita|work=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]]|date=12 December 2011}}</ref>
|-
|''Love Connection''
|Jeet
|Debut Bengali film
|
|-
| rowspan="5" |2011
|''[[Happy (2006 film)|Loafer]]''
| Sanju||
|
|-
|''Ghayal Yodha''
| Arjun ||Debut Bhojpuri film
|
|-
|''143 I Love You''
| Sanjay ||
|
|-
|''[[:or:ଚକ୍‌ଲେଟ୍‌|Chocolate]]''
| Bonty ||
|
|-
|''[[Friends (1999 film)|Dosti]]''
| Akash||
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |2012
|''Thukul''
| Pancham||
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/news-archive/web/oriya-film-thukool-to-be-shot-in-oman/|title=Oriya film Thukool to be shot in Oman|date=16 September 2011}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Luchakali]]''
| Tanmay Mohanty ||
|
|-
|''[[Idiot: I Do Ishq Only Tumse]]''
| Sanjay ||
|
|-
|''[[Brindavanam (2010 film)|Love Master]]''
|Jeet || | '''won''' - Odisha State Film Award For Best Singer
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://reviews.fullodisha.com/movies/love-master-oriya-film-review/|title=Love Master Oriya Film Review|work=Odisha Reviews|access-date=2017-08-22|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823022343/http://reviews.fullodisha.com/movies/love-master-oriya-film-review/|archive-date=23 August 2017}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2013
|''[[Deewana Deewani]]''
| Sanjay||
|
|-
|''[[Daha Balunga]]''|| Omkar Mohanty ||
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2014
|''[[Akhire Akhire]]''
| Rahul ||
|
|-
|''[[Munjane|Lekhu Lekhu Lekhi Deli]]''
| Sidharth||
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |2015
|''Jie Jaha Kahu Mora Dho''
| Raja ||
|
|-
|''[[Super Michhua]]''
| Romeo ||
|
|-
|''[[Bhala Pae Tate 100 Ru 100]]''
| Rahul ||
|
|-
| rowspan="6" |2016
|''[[Raja Rani (2013 film)|Tu Je Sei]]''
| Rohan||
|
|-
|''[[April 1 Vidudala|Jabardast Premika]]''
|Chandu ||
|
|-
|''[[Love Station (2016 film)|Love Station]]''
| Sanju / Sanjay Satapathy ||
|
|-
|''Jhia Ta Bigidi Gala''
| ||
|
|-
|''[[Love Pain Kuch Bhi Karega]]''
| Sanju ||
|
|-
|''Sweet Heart''
|Shiba ||
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |2017
|''Dil Diwana Heigala''
|Dipu ||
|
|-
|''[[Naduvula Konjam Pakkatha Kaanom|Suna Pila Tike Screw Dhila]]''
|Kunja ||
|
|-
|''[[Sister Sridevi]]''
| Sanjay "Sanju" / Sister Sridevi ||
|
|-
|''[[Actor in Law|Hero No.1]]''
| Sanju||
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |2018
|''[[Ormayundo Ee Mukham|Only Pyaar]]''
| ||
|
|-
|''[[Sundergarh Ra Salman Khan]]''
| Salman Khan ||
|
|-
|''[[Nenu Local|Local Toka Love Chokha]]''
| Radhe||
|
|-
|''[[Sriman Surdas]]''
| Sriman Surdas ||
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |2019
|''[[Mahanubhavudu|Ajab Sanju Ra Gajab Love]]''
|Sanju ||
|
|-
|''[[Carry on Jatta 2|Golmaal Love]]''
|Sanju ||
|
|-
|''[[Mr. Majnu]]''
| Sanju||
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |2022
|''Premam''
| Sanju||
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://odishabytes.com/babushaan-prakrutis-new-odia-film-premam-to-be-released-on-disney-hotstar/|title=Babushaan-Prakruti's New Odia Film 'Premam' To Be Released On Disney Hotstar|work=OdishaBytes|date=28 May 2022}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Ganapa|Bidyarana]]''
| Mahi||
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/events/bhubaneswar/shooting-of-babushaans-bidyaran-resumes-soon/articleshow/81184194.cms|title=Shooting of Babushaan's Bidyaran resumes soon|last=Bal|first=Sandip|date=24 February 2021|work=The Times of India}}</ref>
|-
|''[[Daman (2022 film)|Daman]]''
| Dr. Siddharth Mohanty ||
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/zeeodisha/entertainment/odia-movie-daman-releases-today/1424556|title=Odia Movie Daman Release: ମଶାଙ୍କ ଦୌରାତ୍ମ୍ୟ ବେଳକୁ ଆସିଲା ବାବୁଶାନଙ୍କ ମ୍ୟାଲେରିଆ ଫିଲ୍ମ|work=[[Zee News]]|language=Odia|trans-title=Odia movie Daman releases today|date=4 November 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Odia film bags nat'l award |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhubaneswar/odia-film-daman-wins-best-odia-film-at-70th-national-film-awards/articleshow/114060553.cms |access-date=2025-07-18 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
|2023
|''[[Malyagiri]]''
|Parshu
|
|
|-
|2024
|''Pabar''
| Benudhar Kandi / Benta
|
|
|-
|2025
|''[[Bou Buttu Bhuta]]''
| Buttu
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-29 |title=Bou Butta Bhuta grosses Rs 15 crore in 18 days, Babushaan Mohanty starrer crosses Shah Rukh Khan's Jawan in Odisha |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/bou-butta-bhuta-grosses-rs-15-crore-in-18-days-babushaan-mohanty-starrer-crosses-shah-rukh-khans-jawan-in-odisha-1392518 |access-date=2025-07-18 |website=PINKVILLA |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2025
|''Lahari''
|Naba
|Cameo appearance
|
|}

===Discography===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left;"
|-
! Year
! Film
! Song
|-
| rowspan="3" |2009
| rowspan="3" |''Romeo – The Lover Boy''
|"Mu Romeo The Lover Boy"
|-
|"Jeun Dina Priyaku Mun"
|-
|"Mu Naach Kahile"
|-
| rowspan="3" |2010
|''To Akhire Mu''
|"Priya Mora Chaali Jaaye"
|-
| rowspan="2" |''[[Prema Adhei Akhyara]]''
|"Dura Akasha ra Janha Tie"
|-
|"Megharu Tu Jharilu Na"
|-
| rowspan="6" |2011
|''Loafer''
|"Paaichi Bhala Tate Mu"
|-
| rowspan="3" |''143 I Love You''
|"143 I Love You"
|-
|"Keun Sahararu Asichi A Pari"
|-
|"Prema Harena Prema Marena"
|-
| rowspan="2" |''Chocolate''
|"Dhire Dhire Chal re Samayay"
|-
|"Gol Janha"
|-
| rowspan="4" |2012
| rowspan="2" |''Luchakali''
|"Luha Sathe Bandhana"
|-
|Akasharu Kichhi Megha Ani
|-
|''Idiot: I Do Ishq Only Tumse''
|"Dheema Dheema Chatira Spandana"
|-
|''Love Master''
|"Ga Ma Ga Re Sa"
|-
|2013
|''Daha Balunga''
|"Maula Maula"
|-
|2014
|''Lekhu Lekhu Lekhi Deli''
|"Hrudaya Bichara"
|-
| rowspan="4" |2015
|''Jie Jaha Kahu Mora Dho''
|"To Pain Dhak Dhak Dil Hela Re"
|-
|''Super Michhua''
|"Sunyata Ku Pachare Jebe"
|-
| rowspan="2" |''Bhala Pae Tate 100 ru 100''
|"Ei Achhu Mayabini"
|-
|"Ete Megha Thai"
|-
| rowspan="2" |2016
|''Jabardast Premika''
|"Abhimanini"
|-
|''Love Station''
|"Ore Sawariya"
|-
| rowspan="4" |2017
|''Dil Dewana Heigala''
|"Tu Mo Saregama"
|-
| rowspan="2" |''Suna Pila Tike Screw Dhila''
|"Rabba Rabba"
|-
|"Aa Thoo"
|-
|''Hero No. 1''
|"Jibanata Dhuan Dhuan"
|-
| rowspan="2" |2018
|''Only Pyaar''
|"Its Only Pyaar"
|-
|''Local Toka Love Chokha''
|"Akhi Maage Manjuri"
|-
|2019
|''Ajab Sanju Ra Gajab Love''
|"Mushkil Hai Jeena"
|-
| rowspan="4" |2022
|''Premam''
|Mo Dina Raatire
|-
| rowspan="2" |''Bidya Rana''
|Bhabana E Nua Premara
|-
|Aasichi Mu Eka
|-
|''Daman''
|Nichhatiya Mana
|-
|2023
|''Malyagiri''
|Chahala
|-
| rowspan="2" |2024
|''Dasama''
|Smruti Pakhi
|-
|''Pabar''
|Nali Saadhi
|-
|2025
|''Bou Buttu Bhuta''
|Oda Lage
|}

==== Non-film songs ====
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Song
!Note
|-
|2020
|"Aji Mu Peeni"
|Lyrics by Arun Mantri
|-
|2021
|"Tume Uchula Nadira Janha"
|Lyrics by Aparajita Mohanty
|-
|2022
|"Dho Re Baya Dho"
|Lyrics by Aparajita Mohanty
|-
|2023
|"Dhire Dhire Chal Re Samaya"
|Lyrics by Bapu Goswami
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{commons category-inline}}
* {{IMDb name|3534300|Babushan Mohanty}}
* {{Facebook|mohantybabushaan|Babushaan Mohanty}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20210906223506/https://www.odiafilm.in/2021/07/Babushaan-mohanty-biography-age-wife-son%20name-education.html?/ Babushaan Mohanty biography in Odia]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mohanty, Babushan}}
[[Category:1989 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Male actors in Odia cinema]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology alumni]]

70th Filmfare Awards

2026-04-28T12:11:43Z

DarleneSeamon8: details...

{{Short description|2024 awards for Hindi cinema}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2025}}
{{Infobox film awards
| number = 70
| award = Filmfare Awards
| image = 70th Filmfare Awards logo.png
| image_size =
| caption =
| presented_date = 11 October 2025
| site = [[EKA Arena]], [[Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat]]
| host = [[Shah Rukh Khan]] [[Karan Johar]] [[Maniesh Paul]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Shah Rukh Khan, Karan Johar & Maniesh Paul To Host The 70th Filmfare Awards |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/shah-rukh-khan-to-host-the-70th-hyundai-filmfare-awards-2025-with-gujarat-tourism-78129.html |date=30 September 2025 |website=Filmfare}}</ref>
| organizer = [[The Times Group]]
| website = {{URL|https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-2025/|Filmfare Awards 2025}}
| best_film = ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]''
| most_wins = ''Laapataa Ladies'' (13)
| most_nominations = ''Laapataa Ladies'' (24)
| best_director = [[Kiran Rao]] for ''Laapataa Ladies''
| best_actor = {{ubl|
* [[Kartik Aaryan]] for ''[[Chandu Champion]]''
* [[Abhishek Bachchan]] for ''[[I Want to Talk]]''
}}
| best_actress = [[Alia Bhatt]] for ''[[Jigra]]''
| best_critic = ''I Want to Talk''
| network = [[Zee TV]]
| last = 69th
| next = 71st
}}
The '''70th Filmfare Awards''' was presented by [[The Times Group]], which honored the best Indian [[Hindi cinema|Hindi-language films]] of [[List of Hindi films of 2024|2024]].<ref>{{cite news |title=70th Hyundai Filmfare Awards 2025 With Gujarat Tourism: Date, Venue and More |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/70th-filmfare-awards-2025-with-gujarat-tourism-date-venue-and-more-77779.html |date=23 September 2025 |website=Filmfare}}</ref>

''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'' led the ceremony with a [[List of Filmfare Award records#Most nominations for a single film|record]] 24 nominations, the most for a single film in a year,<ref>{{cite news |title=Nominations for The 70th Hyundai Filmfare Awards 2025 With Gujarat Tourism: Full List Out |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/nominations-for-the-70th-hyundai-filmfare-awards-2025-with-gujarat-tourism-full-list-out-78037.html |date=26 September 2025 |website=Filmfare}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Filmfare Awards 2025 Nominations Announced: Laapataa Ladies, Stree 2 lead the chart |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/news/filmfare-awards-2025-nominations-announced-laapataa-ladies-stree-2-lead-the-chart-see-full-list-2025-09-27-1010309 |date=26 September 2025 |website=India TV}}</ref> and won a leading 13 awards including, [[Filmfare Award for Best Film|Best Film]] and [[Filmfare Award for Best Director|Best Director]] (for [[Kiran Rao]]).<ref>{{cite news |title=Winners of the 70th Hyundai Filmfare Awards 2025 With Gujarat Tourism: Full List Out |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/winners-of-the-70th-hyundai-filmfare-awards-2025-with-gujarat-tourism-full-list-out-78383.html |publisher=Filmfare |date=12 October 2025 |access-date=12 October 2025}}</ref>

==Ceremony==
The ceremony, held at [[EKA Arena]], [[Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat]], honoured the films released in 2024. Shahrukh Khan hosted for the first time since the 63rd Filmfare Awards.

==Winners and nominees==
The nominations were announced by Filmfare on 26 September 2025.The winners were announced in a ceremony held on 11 October 2025.

{{multiple image
| border = infobox
| total_width = 501
| image_style =
| perrow = 5/5
| caption_align = left
| image1 = Kartik Aaryan in 2025 at 23rd Zee Cine Awards 2025.jpg
| caption1 = {{small|[[Kartik Aaryan]], Best Actor (co-winner)}}
| image2 = Abhishek Bachchan.jpg
| caption2 = {{small|[[Abhishek Bachchan]], Best Actor (co-winner)}}
| image3 = Alia Bhatt at the Filmfare OTT Awards 2025 (Upscaled).jpg
| caption3 = {{small|[[Alia Bhatt]], Best Actress}}
| image4 = Kiran Rao on Day 3 of Lakme Fashion Week 2017.jpg
| caption4 = {{small|[[Kiran Rao]], Best Director}}
| image5 = Actor_Rajkummar_Rao.jpg
| caption5 = {{small|[[Rajkummar Rao]], Best Actor Critics}}
| image6 = Pratibha Ranta snapped at EL&N London's launch in Mumbai (cropped).jpg
| caption6 = {{small|[[Pratibha Ranta]], Best Actress Critics}}
| image7 = Ravi Kishan celebrates his 44th birthday.jpg
| caption7 = {{small|[[Ravi Kishan]], Best Supporting Actor}}
| image8 = Actress Chhaya Kadam at 2024 Cannes Film Festival 3 (cropped 2).jpg
| caption8 = {{small|[[Chhaya Kadam]], Best Supporting Actress}}
| image9 = Zeenat Aman at the Society Achievers Awards 2018 (cropped).jpg
| caption9 = {{small|[[Zeenat Aman]], Lifetime Achievement Award (co-winner)}}
| image10 = Shyam Benegal in 2016.jpg
| caption10 = {{small|[[Shyam Benegal]], Lifetime Achievement Award (co-winner)}}
}}

===Popular awards===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan=3 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Film|Best Film]]
! colspan=3 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Director|Best Director]]
|-
|colspan=3; style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'' – [[Jio Studios]], [[Aamir Khan Productions]], Kindling Pictures'''
**''[[Article 370 (film)|Article 370]]'' – [[Jio Studios]], B62 Studios
**''[[Bhool Bhulaiyaa 3]]'' – [[T-Series Films]], Cine1 Studios
**''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]'' – [[Dharma Productions]], [[Sikhya Entertainment]]
**''[[Stree 2]]'' – [[Maddock Films]], [[Jio Studios]]

|colspan=3; style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''[[Kiran Rao]] – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'''''
**Aditya Suhas Jambhale – ''[[Article 370 (film)|Article 370]]''
**[[Amar Kaushik]] – ''[[Stree 2]]''
**[[Anees Bazmee]] – ''[[Bhool Bhulaiyaa 3]]''
**[[Nikhil Nagesh Bhat]] – ''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]''
|-
! colspan=3 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]]
! colspan=3 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
|-
|colspan=3; style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''[[Kartik Aaryan]] – ''[[Chandu Champion]]'' as [[Murlikant Petkar]] alias Chandu Champion'''
*'''[[Abhishek Bachchan]] – ''[[I Want to Talk]]'' as Arjun Sen'''
**[[Ajay Devgn]] – ''[[Maidaan]]'' as [[Syed Abdul Rahim]]
**[[Akshay Kumar]] – ''[[Sarfira]]'' as Vir Jagannath Mhatre
**[[Hrithik Roshan]] – ''[[Fighter (2024 film)|Fighter]]'' as Shamsher "Patty" Pathania
**[[Rajkummar Rao]] – [[Stree 2]] as Vicky
|colspan=3; style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''[[Alia Bhatt]] – ''[[Jigra]]'' as Satyabhama "Satya" Anand'''
**[[Kareena Kapoor Khan]] – ''[[Crew (film)|Crew]]'' as Jasmine Kohli
**[[Kriti Sanon]] – ''[[Teri Baaton Mein Aisa Uljha Jiya]]'' as SIFRA
**[[Shraddha Kapoor ]] – ''[[Stree 2]]'' as Unnamed [[Ghost|phantasm]]
**[[Tabu (actress)|Tabu]] – [[Crew (film)|Crew]] as Geeta 'Geetu' Sethi
**[[Yami Gautam]] – ''[[Article 370 (film)|Article 370]]'' as Zooni Haksar
|-
! colspan=3 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]
! colspan=3 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]]
|-
|colspan=3; style="vertical-align:top"|
* '''[[Ravi Kishan]] – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'' as Inspector Shyam Manohar'''
**[[Pankaj Tripathi]] – ''[[Stree 2]]'' as Rudra Bhaiya
**[[Paresh Rawal]] – ''[[Sarfira]]'' as Paresh Goswami
**[[R. Madhavan]] – ''[[Shaitaan (2024 film)|Shaitaan]]'' Vanraj Kashyap
**[[Raghav Juyal]] – ''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]'' as Fani Bhushan

|colspan=3; style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''[[Chhaya Kadam]] – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'' as Manju'''
**Ahilya Bamroo – ''[[I Want to Talk]]'' as Reya Sen
**[[Janki Bodiwala]] – ''[[Shaitaan (2024 film)|Shaitaan]]'' as Jahnvi Rishi
**[[Madhuri Dixit]] – ''[[Bhool Bhulaiyaa 3]]'' as Rajkumari Anjulika and ACP Rathore IPS "Mandira"
**[[Priyamani]] – ''[[Article 370 (film)|Article 370]]'' as Rajeshwari Swaminathan

|-
! style="background:#FFAA00;" colspan=6|Debut Awards
|-
! colspan=2 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut|Best Male Debut]]
! colspan=2 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut|Best Female Debut]]
! colspan=2 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Debut Director|Best Debut Director]]
|-
|colspan=2; style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''[[Lakshya Lalwani]]''' – '''''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]'' as Amrit Rathod'''
**Abhinav Singh – ''[[Love Sex Aur Dhokha 2]]'' as Shubham Narang/Game Paapi
**Kshitij Chauhan - ''[[Vedaa]]'' as Suyog Pratap Singh
**[[Guru Randhawa]] – ''[[Kuch Khattaa Ho Jaay]]'' as Heer
**[[Jibraan Khan]] – ''[[Ishq Vishk Rebound]]'' as Sahir Singh Rajput
**[[Sparsh Shrivastava]] – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'' as Deepak Kumar
|colspan=2; style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''[[Nitanshi Goel]] – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'' as Phool Kumari'''
**Ahilya Bamroo – ''[[I Want to Talk]]'' as Reya Sen
**Anjini Dhawan – ''[[Binny and Family]]'' as Bindiya "Binny" Singh
**[[Dhvani Bhanushali]] - ''[[Kahan Shuru Kahan Khatam]]'' as Meera
**[[Pratibha Ranta]] – ''Laapataa Ladies'' as Jaya Tripathi Singh / Pushpa Rani
**Pashmina Roshan - ''[[Ishq Vishk Rebound]]'' as Sanya Malhotra
|colspan=2; style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''Aditya Suhas Jambhale – ''[[Article 370 (film)|Article 370]]'''''
*'''[[Kunal Kemmu]] – ''[[Madgaon Express]]'''''
**Amit Joshi and Aradhana Sah – ''[[Teri Baaton Mein Aisa Uljha Jiya]]''
**Shirsha Guha Thakurta – ''[[Do Aur Do Pyaar]]''
**[[Randeep Hooda]] – ''[[Swatantrya Veer Savarkar (film)|Swatantrya Veer Savarkar]]''
**[[Varun Grover (writer)|Varun Grover]] – ''[[All India Rank]]''
|-
! style="background:#FFAA00;" colspan=6|Writing Awards
|-
! colspan=3 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Story|Best Story]]
! colspan=3 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Screenplay|Best Screenplay]]
|-
|colspan=3; style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''[[Aditya Dhar]], Monal Thaakar – ''[[Article 370 (film)|Article 370]]'''''
**Aakash Kaushik – ''[[Bhool Bhulaiyaa 3]]''
**[[Nikhil Nagesh Bhat ]] – ''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]''
**[[Niren Bhatt]] – ''[[Stree 2]]''
**[[Dibakar Banerjee]], Shubham, Prateek Vats – ''[[Love Sex Aur Dhokha 2]]''
|colspan=3; style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''Sneha Desai – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'''''
**[[Aditya Dhar]], Aditya Suhas Jambhale, Arjun Dhawan, Monal Thaakar – ''[[Article 370 (film)|Article 370]]''
**[[Niren Bhatt]] – ''[[Stree 2]]''
**[[Nikhil Nagesh Bhat ]] – ''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]''
**[[Kunal Kemmu]] – ''[[Madgaon Express]]''
|-
! colspan=3 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Dialogue|Best Dialogue]]
! colspan=3 style="background:#EEDD82;"|Best Adapted Screenplay
|-
|colspan=3; style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''Sneha Desai – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'''''
**[[Niren Bhatt]] – ''[[Stree 2]]''
**[[Ritesh Shah]] – ''[[Maidaan]]''
**Ritesh Shah – ''[[I Want to Talk]]''
**[[Kunal Kemmu]] – ''[[Madgaon Express]]''
|colspan=3; style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''[[Ritesh Shah]], Tushar Sheetal Jain – ''[[I Want to Talk]]'''''
**[[Saiwyn Quadras]], Amit Ravindranath Sharma, Aman Rai, Atul Shahi – ''[[Maidaan]]''
**[[Sriram Raghavan]], Arjit Biswas, Pooja Ladha Surti, Anukriti Pandey – ''[[Merry Christmas (2024 film)|Merry Christmas]]''
**[[Aamil Keeyan Khan]] – ''[[Shaitaan (2024 film)|Shaitaan]]''
**[[Jagdeep Sidhu]], Sumit Purohit – ''[[Srikanth (film)|Sriknath]]''

|-
! style="background:#FFAA00;" colspan=6|Music Awards
|-
! colspan=3 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Music Director|Best Music Album]]
! colspan=3 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Lyricist|Best Lyricist]]
|-
|colspan=3; style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'' – [[Ram Sampath]]'''
**''[[Bad Newz (film)|Bad Newz]]'' – [[Rochak Kohli]], [[Vishal Mishra (composer)|Vishal Mishra]], DJ Chetas-Lijo George, Prem-Hardeep, Karan Aujla, Abhijeet Srivastava
**''[[Bhool Bhulaiyaa 3]]'' – [[Pritam]], [[Tanishk Bagchi]], [[Amaal Mallik]], [[Sachet–Parampara]], [[Aditya Rikhari]], Lijo George–[[DJ Chetas]]
**''[[Maidaan]]'' – [[A. R. Rahman]]
**''[[Stree 2]]'' – [[Sachin–Jigar]]
**''[[Teri Baaton Mein Aisa Uljha Jiya]]'' – [[Tanishk Bagchi]], Sachin–Jigar, [[Mitraz]]
|colspan=3; style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''Prashant Pandey – "Sajni" – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'''''
**[[Kausar Munir]] – "Sarphira" – ''[[Chandu Champion]]''
**Siddhant Kaushal – "Nikat" – ''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]''
**[[Swanand Kirkire]] – "Dheeme Dheeme" – ''Laapataa Ladies''
**[[Varun Grover (writer)|Varun Grover]] – "Raat Akeli Thi" – ''[[Merry Christmas (2024 film)|Merry Christmas]]''
|-
! colspan=3 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer|Best Playback Singer – Male]]
! colspan=3 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer|Best Playback Singer – Female]]
|-
|colspan=3; style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''[[Arijit Singh]] – "Sajni" – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'''''
**[[Javed Ali]] – "Mirza" – ''[[Maidaan]]''
**Karan Aulja – "Tauba Tauba" – ''[[Bad Newz (film)|Bad Newz]]''
**[[Pawan Singh]] – "Aayi Nahi" – ''[[Stree 2]]''
**[[Sonu Nigam]] – "Mere Dholna" – ''[[Bhool Bhulaiyaa 3]]''
|colspan=3; style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''[[Madhubanti Bagchi]] – "[[Aaj Ki Raat (Stree 2 song)|Aaj Ki Raat]]" – ''[[Stree 2]]'''''
**Anumita Nadesan – "Tenu Sang Rakhna" – ''[[Jigra]]''
**[[Rekha Bhardwaj]] – "Nikat" – ''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]''
**[[Shilpa Rao]] – "Ishq Jaisa Kuch – ''[[Fighter (2024 film)|Fighter]]''
**[[Shreya Ghoshal]] – "Dheeme Dheeme" – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]''
|}

===Critics' awards===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! colspan=2 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Critics Award for Best Film|Best Film]]
|-
|colspan=2|
*'''''[[I Want to Talk]]'' – [[Shoojit Sircar]]'''
**''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'' – [[Kiran Rao]]
**''[[Maidaan]]'' – [[Amit Sharma (director)|Amit Ravindernath Sharma]]
**''[[Merry Christmas (2024 film)|Merry Christmas]]'' – [[Sriram Raghavan]]
**''[[The Buckingham Murders]]'' – [[Hansal Mehta]]

|-
!style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]]
!style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
|-
|style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''[[Rajkummar Rao]]– ''[[Srikanth (film)|Srikanth]]'' as [[Srikanth Bolla]]'''
**[[Abhishek Bachchan]] – ''[[I Want to Talk]]'' as Arjun Sen
**[[Pratik Gandhi]] – ''[[Madgaon Express]]'' as Pratik Garodia "Pinku"
**[[Randeep Hooda]] – ''[[Swatantrya Veer Savarkar (film)|Swatantrya Veer Savarkar]]'' as [[Vinayak Damodar Savarkar]]
**[[Sparsh Shrivastava]] – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'' as Deepak kumar

|style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''[[Pratibha Ranta]] – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'' as Jaya Tripathi Singh / Pushpa Rani'''
**[[Alia Bhatt]] – ''[[Jigra]]'' as Satyabhama "Satya" Anand
**[[Kareena Kapoor Khan]] – ''[[The Buckingham Murders]]'' as Jasmeet "Jass" Bhamra
**[[Nitanshi Goel]] – ''Laapataa Ladies'' as Phool Kumari
**[[Vidya Balan]] – ''[[Do Aur Do Pyaar]]'' as Kavya Ganeshan

|}

===Honorary awards===
{|class="wikitable"
! colspan=3 style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Special Award|Cine Icons of Indian Cinema]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Winners of The 70th Hyundai Filmfare Awards 2025 With Gujarat Tourism: Full List Out |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/winners-of-the-70th-hyundai-filmfare-awards-2025-with-gujarat-tourism-full-list-out-78383.html |date=12 October 2025 |website=Filmfare}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=70th Filmfare Awards 2025 Winners: Complete List Out |url=https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-2025/winners |date=12 October 2025 |website=Filmfare}}</ref>
|-
|colspan=3 style="vertical-align:top"|
* For 1950s: '''[[Bimal Roy]]''', '''[[Meena Kumari]]''', '''[[Dilip Kumar]]'''
* For 1960s: '''[[Nutan]]'''
* For 1970s: '''[[Amitabh Bachchan]]''', '''[[Jaya Bachchan]]'''
* For 1980s: '''[[Sridevi]]'''
* For 1990s: '''[[Shah Rukh Khan]]''', '''[[Kajol]]''', '''[[Karan Johar]]'''
|-
! style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Special Award]]
! style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award]]
! style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare R. D. Burman Award]]
|-
|style="vertical-align:top"|
* 50 years of '''''[[Sholay]]'''''
|style="vertical-align:top"|
* '''[[Zeenat Aman]]'''
* '''[[Shyam Benegal]]'''
|style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''[[Achint Thakkar]]''' for ''[[Jigra]]''
|}

===Technical awards===
Nominations for the technical awards were announced on 26 September 2025.
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Editing|Best Editing]]
! style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Art Direction|Best Production Design]]
! style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Choreography|Best Choreography]]
|-
|style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''Shivkumar V. Panicker – ''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]'''''
**Hemanti Sarkar – ''[[Stree 2]]''
**Jabeen Merchant – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]''
**Paramita Ghosh – ''[[Love Sex Aur Dhokha 2]]''
**Dev Rao Jadhav – ''[[Maidaan]]''

|style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''Mayur Sharma – ''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]'''''
**Mayur Sharma – ''[[Merry Christmas (2024 film)|Merry Christmas]]''
**Rajnish Hedao – ''[[Chandu Champion]]''
**Tiya Tejpal – ''[[Love Sex Aur Dhokha 2]]''
**Vikram Singh – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]''
|style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''[[Bosco–Caesar]] – "Tauba Tauba" – ''[[Bad Newz (film)|Bad Newz]]'''''
**Bosco–Caesar – "Sher Khul Gaye" – ''[[Fighter (2024 film)|Fighter]]''
** [[Jani Master|Shaik Jani Basha]] – ''Teri Baaton Mein Aisa Uljha Jiya – ''[[Teri Baaton Mein Aisa Uljha Jiya]]
**[[Vijay Ganguly]] – "Aaj Ki Raat" – ''[[Stree 2]]''
**[[Chinni Prakash]] – "Ami Je Tomar" – ''[[Bhool Bhulaiyaa 3]]''
|-
! style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Cinematographer|Best Cinematography]]
! style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Sound Design|Best Sound Design]]
! style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Background Score|Best Background Score]]
|-
|style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''Rafey Mehmood – ''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]'''''
**[[Avik Mukhopadhyay]] – ''[[I Want to Talk]]''
**Emma Dalesman – ''[[The Buckingham Murders]]''
**Tushar Kanti Ray – ''[[Maidaan]]''
**[[Vikash Nowlakha]] – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]''

|style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''Subhash Sahoo – ''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]'''''
**Ayush Ahuja – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]''
**Mandar Kulkarni – ''[[The Buckingham Murders]]''
**Nihar Ranjan Samal – ''[[Maidaan]]''
**Tanmay Bhattacherjee – ''[[Love Sex Aur Dhokha 2]]''
|style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''[[Ram Sampath]] – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'''''
**[[A. R. Rahman]] – ''[[Maidaan]]''
**Daniel B. Gerorge – ''[[Merry Christmas (2024 film)|Merry Christmas]]''
**Ketan Sodha, Night Song Records – ''[[The Buckingham Murders]]''
**Ketan Sodha – ''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]''
|-
! style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Costume Design|Best Costume Design]]
! style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Action|Best Action]]
! style="background:#EEDD82;"|[[Filmfare Award for Best Special Effects|Best Special Effects]]
|-
|style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''Darshan Jalan – ''[[Laapataa Ladies]]'''''
**Kriti Kolwanker, Maria Thakaran – ''[[Maidaan]]''
**Manisha Melwani, Chandini Whabi, Meagan Concessio, Abhilasha Devnani Baweja – ''[[Crew (film)|Crew]]''
**Rohit Chaturvedi – ''[[Chandu Champion]]''
**Veera Kapoor EE – ''[[Article 370 (film)|Article 370]]''
|style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''Oh Sea Young and Parvez Shaikh – ''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]'''''
** Parvez Shaikh, Craig Macrae – ''[[Bade Miyan Chhote Miyan]]''
**R. P. Yadav, Robert Miller – ''[[Maidaan]]''
**Parvez Shaikh, Oh Sea Young and Sunil Rodrigues – ''[[Fighter (2024 film)|Fighter]]''
**Vikram Dahiya – ''[[Jigra]]''
|style="vertical-align:top"|
*'''Redefine – ''[[Munjya]]'''''
**Digital Domain – ''[[Stree 2]]''
**Lavan and Kushan (Digital Turbo Media) and Ashutosh Pandey (Reflections Pictures) – ''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]''
**Redefine – ''[[Teri Baaton Mein Aisa Uljha Jiya]]''
**Redefine – ''[[Maidaan]]''
|}

==Superlatives==
{|class="wikitable" style="display:inline-table;"
|+Multiple nominations
! Nominations !! Film
|-
!24
|''[[Laapataa Ladies]]''
|-
!15
|''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]''
|-
!14
|''[[Stree 2]]''
|-
!13
|''[[Maidaan]]''
|-
!rowspan="2" |8
|''[[I Want to Talk]]''
|-
|''[[Article 370 (film)|Article 370]]''
|-
!7
|''[[Bhool Bhulaiyaa 3]]''
|-
!rowspan="4" |5
|''[[The Buckingham Murders]]''
|-
|''[[Merry Christmas (2024 film)|Merry Christmas]]''
|-
|''[[Love Sex Aur Dhokha 2]]''
|-
|''[[Teri Baaton Mein Aisa Uljha Jiya]]''
|-
!rowspan="4" |4
|''[[Jigra]]''
|-
|''[[Madgaon Express]]''
|-
|''[[Chandu Champion]]''
|-
|''[[Fighter (2024 film)|Fighter]]''
|-
!rowspan="3" |3
|''[[Crew (film)|Crew]]''
|-
|''[[Bad Newz (film)|Bad Newz]]''
|-
|''[[Shaitaan (2024 film)|Shaitaan]]''
|-
!rowspan="5" |2
|''[[Do Aur Do Pyaar]]''
|-
|''[[Srikanth (film)|Sriknath]]''
|-
|''[[Ishq Vishk Rebound]]''
|-
|''[[Sarfira]]''
|-
|''[[Swatantrya Veer Savarkar (film)|Swatantrya Veer Savarkar]]''
|-
|}

{|class="wikitable" style="display:inline-table;"
|+Multiple wins
! Awards !! Film
|-
! 13
|''[[Laapataa Ladies]]''
|-
! 6
|''[[Kill (film)|Kill]]''
|-
! 3
|''[[I Want to Talk]]''
|-
! rowspan=2|2
|''[[Jigra]]''
|-
|''[[Article 370 (film)|Article 370]]''
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[Filmfare Awards]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2024]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
[https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-awards-2025/ 70th Filmfare Awards 2025 - Date, Hosts, Venue, Nominees & Tickets]

{{Filmfare Awards}}

[[Category:2025 awards in India]]
[[Category:Filmfare Awards by year]]
[[Category:2024 Indian film awards]]

Nidadavole Assembly constituency

2026-04-24T06:33:31Z

DarleneSeamon8: made basic pg more to come!

{{Short description|Constituency of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2015}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Nidadavole
| map_image = Legislative Assembly constituencies of Andhra Pradesh (55-Nidadavole highlighted).png
| map_caption = Location of Nidadavole Assembly constituency within Andhra Pradesh
| mla = [[Kandula Durgesh]]
| party = {{Party index link|Janasena Party}}
| alliance = {{Party index link|National Democratic Alliance}}
| latest_election_year = [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
| state = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| district = [[East Godavari district|East Godavari]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Rajahmundry Lok Sabha constituency|Rajahmundry]]
| reservation = None
| constituency_no = 55
| established = 2008
| electors = 203,084
| type = SLA
| incumbent_image = Kandula Durgesh.jpg
}}

'''Nidadavole Assembly constituency''' is a constituency in [[East Godavari district]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]] that elects representatives to the [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]] in [[India]].<ref name="electors">{{cite web|url=http://ceoandhra.nic.in/ceoap_new/ceo/documents/Electors_Summary%20_25.03.2019.pdf|title=Electors Summary|date=25 May 2019|website=Chief Electoral Officer, Andhra Pradesh|format=PDF|access-date=24 May 2019}}</ref> It is one of the seven assembly segments of [[Rajahmundry Lok Sabha constituency]].<ref name="constituencies">{{cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf|title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008|date=17 December 2018|website=The Election Commission of India|pages=19, 30|format=PDF|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003220916/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/CurrentElections/CONSOLIDATED_ORDER%20_ECI%20.pdf|archive-date=3 October 2018|url-status=dead|access-date=24 May 2019}}</ref>

[[Kandula Durgesh]] is the current [[Member of Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]] of the constituency, having won the [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]] from [[Janasena Party]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Assembly Election 2024 |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenJune2024/ConstituencywiseS0155.htm |website=Election Commission of India |access-date=4 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524074223/https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenJune2024/ConstituencywiseS0155.htm|archive-date=24 May 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref> As of 2024, there are a total of 203,084 electors in the constituency.<ref name="electors"/>{{update after|2024|7}} The constituency was established in 2008, as per the Delimitation Orders (2008).

== Mandals ==
The three mandals that form the assembly constituency are:<ref name="constituencies" />
{{srn}}
{|class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers static-row-header-hash"
|-
!Mandal
|-
| [[Nidadavole]]
|-
| [[Undrajavaram]]
|-
| [[Peravali]]
|}

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Year
!Member
!colspan="2"| Political party
|-
| [[2009 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2009]]
| rowspan=2 |Burugupalli Sesha Rao
| {{Full party name with color|Telugu Desam Party|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2014 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2014]]
|-
| [[2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2019]]
| [[Geddam Srinivas Naidu]]
| {{Full party name with color|YSR Congress Party}}
|-
| [[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
| [[Kandula Durgesh]]
| {{Full party name with color|Janasena Party}}
|}

== Election results ==

=== 2024 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Nidadavole<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultGenJune2024/ConstituencywiseS0155.htm|title=Election Commission of India|website=results.eci.gov.in}}</ref>}}{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Janasena Party
|candidate = [[Kandula Durgesh]]
|votes =1,02,699
|percentage =56.27
|change =
}}{{Election box candidate with party link||party=YSR Congress Party|candidate=[[Geddam Srinivas Naidu]]|votes=69,395|percentage=38.02|change=}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Indian National Congress|candidate=Peddireddi Subba Rao|votes=1,495|percentage=0.82|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=None of the above|candidate=[[None of the above]]|votes=2,144|percentage=1.17|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes=33,304|percentage=18.25|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,82,503|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner =Janasena Party
|loser =YSR Congress Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2019 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Nidadavole}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = YSRCP
|candidate = [[Geddam Srinivas Naidu]]
|votes = 81,001
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Telugu Desam Party|candidate=Burugupalli Sesha Rao|votes=59,313|percentage=35.29%|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Janasena Party|candidate=Atikala Ramya Sri|votes=23,073|percentage=13.73%|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=BJP|candidate=Lingampalli Venkateswara Rao|votes=1,012|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes=21,688|percentage=13.0%|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=1,66,403|percentage=82.77%|change=}}
{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = YSR Congress Party
|loser = Telugu Desam Party
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2014 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2014 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Nidadavole}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Telugu Desam Party
|candidate = [[Burugupalli Sesha Rao]]
|votes = 81,591
|percentage = 49.93
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = YSR Congress Party
|candidate = [[S Rajiv Krishna]]
|votes = 75,232
|percentage = 46.04
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 6,359
|percentage = 3.89
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 163,398
|percentage = 85.70
|change = -1.76
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Telugu Desam Party
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2009 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2009 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Nidadavole}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Telugu Desam Party
|candidate = [[Burugupalli Sesha Rao]]
|votes = 51,680
|percentage = 34.14
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Indian National Congress|candidate=[[Geddam Srinivas Naidu]]|votes=45,914|percentage=30.33|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||party=Praja Rajyam Party|candidate=[[R Gajapathi Kumar Raju]]|votes=44,511|percentage=29.40|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes=5,766|percentage=3.81|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes=151,382|percentage=87.46|change=}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Telugu Desam Party
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

== See also ==
* [[List of constituencies of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Coord|16.89|81.66|display=title}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Andhra Pradesh}}
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:East Godavari district]]
[[Category:Politics of Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:2008 establishments in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 2008]]

Ram Chahe Leela

2026-04-23T17:26:45Z

DarleneSeamon8: made initial post more to come

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox song
| name = Ram Chahe Leelaa
| cover =
| alt =
| type = song
| artist = [[Bhoomi Trivedi]]
| album = [[Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela]]
| language = [[Hindi]]
| released = {{Start date|df=yes|2013|10|23}}
| format =
| recorded =
| studio =
| venue =
| genre = [[Filmi]], [[pop-folk]], [[Hindustani classical music]]
| length = {{Duration|m=4|s=04}}
| label = [[Eros International|Eros]] [[Sony Music India]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dbcfFov-KRQ&pp=ygUPcmFtIGNoYWhlIGxlZWxh | title=Ram Chahe Leela Full (Video) - Feat. Priyanka Chopra| Ranveer & Deepika|Bhoomi Trivedi | website=[[YouTube]] | date=27 July 2023 }}</ref>
| composer = [[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]]
| lyricist = Siddharth-Garima
| producer = [[Shail Hada]]
}}
"'''Ram Chahe Leela'''" ({{translation|Ram Loves Leela}}) is a 2013 song from the film ''[[Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela]]'' directed and composed by [[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]]. The song was sung by [[Bhoomi Trivedi]] and was written by Siddharth-Garima and was picturised on [[Priyanka Chopra]].

The song is a love balled with lyrics describing the relationship of the two protagonists. Choreographed by [[Vishnu Deva]], the video features Chopra as a nautch girl who is performing the song for Ram. The dance sequence is a contemporary [[mujra]] with mostly complicated dance steps. Chopra's white costume consisting of a [[choli]] and [[lungi]] was designed by Anju Modi.

The song and the music video both have received critical acclaim, with critics praising the composition and lyrics, Trivedi vocals, Deva's choreography and Chopra's performance. Commercially, the song topped several charts across India and became one of the most popular songs of the year. The song has also received considerable attention for Chopra's styling and costume.

==Production==
"Ram Chahe Leela" is an introductory song of the two protagonists -Ram and Leela, hinting at the dynamics of their relation in the film. The vocals for the song are given by 'Indian Idol' fame [[Bhoomi Trivedi]], while the lyrics are written by Siddharth-Garima. The song is choreographed by Vishnudeva.<ref name="indianexpress1">{{cite web|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/priyanka-chopras-ramleela-item-song-ram-chahe-leela-gets-5-million-views/1193978/ |title=Priyanka Chopra's 'Ram-Leela' item song 'Ram Chahe Leela' gets 5 million views |publisher=Indianexpress.com |date=2013-11-12 |access-date=2015-06-13}}</ref>

[[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]] approached [[Aishwarya Rai]] and [[Priyanka Chopra]] for an item number in his film at the same time. Media reported that Rai was offered a song named "Thappad Se Dar Nahi Lagta, Pyaar Se Dar Lagtaa Hai", which was meant to be her comeback to films after a long hiatus. However, Rai did not approve the lyrics of the song which were similar to a dialogue of [[Salman Khan]]'s 2010 film ''[[Dabangg]]''. Rai asked Bhansali to change the lyrics. However, Bhansali offered Chopra a song with the changed lyrics, which she accepted. ''[[Deccan Chronicle]]'' published "Bhansali is known to approach more than one actor for any project. While he discussed the song with Aishwarya, Priyanka was also kept in the loop and was offered a song in the film for the same situation. However, the reasons of Chopra being given a different remained unknown."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140321/entertainment-bollywood/article/ashwariya-rai-opted-out-ram-leela-item-song-because-salman |title=Did Aishwarya Rai opt out of 'Ram Leela' item song because of Salman 'connection'? |publisher=Deccanchronicle.com |date=2014-03-21 |access-date=2015-06-13}}</ref>

The production cost of the song was reported to be Rs 6 crore. The costume was designed by Anju Modi, who also did the costumes for the film. For filming the song over 2,500 candles were lit on the set.{{Citation needed|date=February 2025}}

==Reception==
The song received acclaim from music critics, who praised the song and Trivedi's vocals, describing it as one of the highlights from the album. [[Rediff.com]] wrote "The album starts on a smash note with the title song Ram Chahe Leela, which gives the kind of kick-start that a high adrenaline love story that Ram-Leela warranted. A good fusion number that brings on Western elements into Indian folk and classical."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/review-folk-flavour-dominates-ram-leelas-music/20131012.htm |title=Review: Folk flavour dominates Ram-Leela's music - Rediff.com Movies |work=Rediff.com |date=2013-10-12 |access-date=2015-06-13}}</ref> [[Indo-Asian News Service]] gave a positive response to the song and praised Trivedi's vocals writing "Bhoomi Trivedi's rustic voice definitely suits the genre. It is an unusual item song, but the regional flavour adds to its magic."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/ram-leela-music-review-its-a-feast-for-music-lovers/427316-45-76.html |title='Ram Leela' Music Review: It's a feast for music lovers |publisher=IBNLive.com |access-date=2015-06-13}}</ref> Koimoi declared it as a "laudable product" noting "It takes a few hears to sync the latent beauty of the composition that uses singer Bhoomi Trivedi’s voice confidently. The hint of rock flavor works well when laid against the background of heavy background arrangement!"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.koimoi.com/bollywood-movies/music-reviews/ram-leela-music-review |title=KoiMoi - Ram-Leela Music Review |publisher=M.koimoi.com |date=2013-10-05 |access-date=2015-06-13}}</ref> [[Yahoo!]] India described the song as the highlight dance number, which adds to the narrative. The review also praised its fast-paced beats, musical arrangements ( fusion of Gujarati folk and western) and simple Hindi-English lyrics and wrote that "Tridevi shows her class with an excellent rendition."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.movies.yahoo.com/news/ram-leela-music-review-044223585.html |title=Ram-Leela Music Review - Yahoo Movies India |publisher=In.movies.yahoo.com |date=2013-11-30 |access-date=2015-06-13}}</ref> ''[[Mumbai Mirror]]'' wrote "Bhoomi Trivedi is terrific in the racy, part-rock partfolk Ram Chaahe Leela. A mean bassline and taut drums are set against synth notes, while the chorus is cleverly styled as a Bhajanlike chant."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/entertainment/bollywood/Music-review-Ram-Leela/articleshow/24282304.cms |title=Music review: Ram Leela |publisher=Mumbaimirror.com |date=2013-10-17 |access-date=2015-06-13}}</ref>

The video received more than 18 million views after its release.<ref name="indianexpress1"/> The song has topped various charts across
India.{{Citation needed|date=February 2025}} Currently, the full video song has over 126 million views on YouTube.

==Accolades==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
|-
!scope="col"| Award
!scope="col"| Category
!scope="col"| Recipient(s) and nominee(s)
!scope="col"| Result
! scope="col" class="unsortable"| {{Abbr|Ref.|Reference(s)}}
|-
!scope="row" rowspan="2" | [[Big Star Entertainment Awards]]
| Most Entertaining Female Singer
| {{sort|Trivedi|[[Bhoomi Trivedi]]}}
| {{won}}
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite web|title=Nominations for 4th Big Star Entertainment Awards |url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/5890 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |date=12 December 2013 |access-date=16 December 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216182337/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/5890 |archive-date=16 December 2013 }}</ref>
|-
| Most Entertaining Dancer
|{{sort|Chopra|[[Priyanka Chopra]]}}
| {{nom}}
|-
!scope="row" rowspan="2" | [[Global Indian Music Academy Awards]]
| [[GiMA Award for Best Female Playback Singer|Best Female Playback Singer]]
| {{sort|Trivedi|[[Bhoomi Trivedi]]}}
| {{nom}}
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"|
|-
| [[GiMA Award for Best Music Arranger and Programmer|Best Music Arranger and Programmer]]
| {{sort|Hada|[[Shail Hada]]}}
| {{nom}}
|-
!scope="row"| [[International Indian Film Academy Awards]]
| [[IIFA Award for Best Female Playback Singer|Best Female Playback Singer]]
| {{sort|Trivedi|[[Bhoomi Trivedi]]}}
| {{nom}}
|style="text-align:center;"|
|-
!scope="row"| [[Mirchi Music Awards]]
| Upcoming Female Vocalist of the Year
| {{sort|Trivedi|[[Bhoomi Trivedi]]}}
| {{won}}
|style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite news|title=Mirchi Music Awards 2014 Winners|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Mirchi-Music-Awards-2013-Winners-List/articleshow/31149918.cms|newspaper=[[Times Of India]]|access-date=4 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
!scope="row" rowspan="2" | [[Producers Guild Film Awards]]
| [[Producers Guild Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer|Best Female Playback Singer]]
| {{sort|Trivedi|[[Bhoomi Trivedi]]}}
| {{won}}
|style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite news|title=Winners of 9th Renault Star Guild Awards|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/6035/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140119200133/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/6035|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 January 2014|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|access-date=4 September 2014}}</ref>
|-
| Best Choreography
| {{sort|Deva|[[Vishnu Deva]]}}
| {{nom}}
|-
!scope="row"| [[Zee Cine Awards]]
| [[Zee Cine Award for Best Playback Singer – Female|Best Playback Singer – Female]]
| {{sort|Trivedi|[[Bhoomi Trivedi]]}}
| {{nom}}
|style="text-align:center;"|
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Priyanka Chopra Jonas}}

[[Category:Songs written for Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:2013 songs]]
[[Category:Songs with music by Sanjay Leela Bhansali]]

Shiv Prakash Ranjan

2026-04-21T12:11:10Z

DarleneSeamon8: new new stub.

{{short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Shiv Prakash Ranjan
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1991|2|10|df=y}}
| birth_place =
| death_date =
| party = [[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation|Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) (Liberation)]]
| occupation =
| birth_name =
| office = Member of the [[Bihar Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency = [[Agiaon (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Agiaon]]
| office2 =
| term_start2 =
| term_end2 =
| predecessor = [[Manoj Manzil]]
| term_start = 4 June 2024
| successor = [[Mahesh Paswan]]
| term_end = 14 November 2025
}}
'''Shiv Prakash Ranjan''' is an Indian politician from [[Bihar]], and a member of the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation]]. He was elected as a member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly from Agiaon Vidhan Sabha constituency on 4 June 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/agiaon-bypoll-ml-candidate-victorious/articleshow/110716681.cms|title=Agiaon bypoll: ML candidate victorious|date=5 June 2024|website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref name="2024 Bye Election Results - Agiaon">{{cite news|url=https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultByeJune2024/candidateswise-S04195.htm|title=2024 Bye Election Results - Agiaon|last1=Election Commission of India|date=5 June 2024|access-date=7 August 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240807135933/https://results.eci.gov.in/AcResultByeJune2024/candidateswise-S04195.htm|archive-date=7 August 2024}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ranjan, Prakash, Shiv}}
[[Category:Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation politicians]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian communists]]
[[Category:Bihar MLAs 2020–2025]]
[[Category:1991 births]]

{{CPIndiaMarxist-politician-stub}}

Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation

2026-04-20T00:10:53Z

DarleneSeamon8: created a details.

{{Short description|Civic body governing Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2013}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2013}}
{{Infobox legislature
| name = Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation
| native_name = मुजफ्फरपुर नगर निगम
| native_name_lang = hi
| house_type = [[Municipal corporation (India)|Municipal corporation]]
| foundation = {{start date and age|1936}}
| leader1_type = [[Mayor (India)|Mayor]]
| leader1 = Nirmala Sahu
| leader2_type = [[Deputy Mayor]]
| leader2 = Dr. Monalisa
| leader3_type = [[Municipal commissioner (India)|Municipal Commissioner]]
| leader3 = Vikram Virkar [[Indian Administrative Service|(IAS)]]
| last_election1 = 2022
| motto =
| meeting_place = Municipal Office, Sutapatti, Pokharia, [[Muzaffarpur]], [[Bihar]]
| website = {{URL|https://mymmc.org/}}
| seats = 49
| coa_pic = Muzaffarpur_Municipal_Corporation.jpg
}}

'''Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation''' or ('''मुजफ्फरपुर नगर निगम'''), is the civic body that governs [[Muzaffarpur]], a city of [[Bihar]] in [[India]]. Municipal Corporation mechanism in India was introduced during British Rule with formation of municipal corporation in Madras ([[Chennai]]) in 1688, later followed by municipal corporations in Bombay ([[Mumbai]]) and Calcutta ([[Kolkata]]) by 1762.<ref name="May ref5">{{cite news |last1=Gupta |first1=Anupam |title=City Mayors: Indian Mayors |url=http://www.citymayors.com/mayors/indian-mayors.html |access-date=29 October 2021 |publisher=citymayors.com}}</ref> Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation consists of democratically elected members, is headed by a [[Mayor (India)|Mayor]], and administers the city's [[infrastructure]], [[public service]]s, and supplies. Muzaffarpur has been selected in [[Smart Cities Mission]] under [[Government of India]]. Hence, it also implement scheme and overseas projects needed for Urban Development.

==Muzaffarpur Smart City Limited==
'''Muzaffarpur Smart City''' is part of the Government of India’s [[Smart Cities Mission]], aimed at transforming [[Muzaffarpur]] into a modern, sustainable, and citizen-friendly urban centre. The initiative focuses on improving infrastructure, enhancing living conditions, and promoting economic growth. Key areas of development include efficient waste management, improved water supply and sanitation, better urban mobility, affordable housing, and robust information technology connectivity. Muzaffarpur was selected for the mission through a competitive process.

Initially, Muzaffarpur was allocated ₹1,580 [[crore]] for various projects under the Smart Cities Mission; however, this amount was later reduced to ₹982 crore.

The headquarters of Muzaffarpur Smart City Limited is located at the ICCC Building, Sutapatti, Pokhraira, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India.<ref>{{cite news
| title = नए साल में स्मार्ट सिटी मुजफ्फरपुर में शुरू होगी एआई आधारित निगरानी व्यवस्था, अतिक्रमण से लेकर जाम पर नजर
| url = https://www.jagran.com/bihar/muzaffarpur-ai-surveillance-in-muzaffarpur-smart-city-40069393.html
| work = Dainik Jagran
| publisher = Jagran Prakashan Limited
| date = 12 December 2025
| accessdate = 18 December 2025
| language = hi
}}</ref>
===Project Details Under MSCL===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|+ Smart City Projects in Muzaffarpur
! S.No.
! Project
! Completion (%)
! Status
|-
| 1 || Redevelopment of Sikandarpur Stadium as Multi Purpose Sports Stadium || 50 || style="background-color:#FFD580;" | Running
|-
| 2 || Beautification of Sikandarpur Lake Front in Muzaffarpur || 77 || style="background-color:#FFD580;" | Running
|-
| 3 || Construction of Municipal Shopping Mart at Tilak Maidan in Muzaffarpur || 100 || style="background-color:#90EE90;" | Completed
|-
| 4 || Master System Integrator (MSI) for Integrated Command Control Centre (ICCC) for MSCL || 100 || style="background-color:#90EE90;" | Completed
|-
| 5 || Renovation of Town Hall in Muzaffarpur || 100 || style="background-color:#90EE90;" | Completed
|-
| 6 || Construction of ICCC Building in MRDA(D) Campus in Muzaffarpur || 100 || style="background-color:#90EE90;" | Completed
|-
| 7 || Re-Development of City Park, Muzaffarpur || 100 || style="background-color:#90EE90;" | Completed
|-
| 8 || Development of Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav Park in Muzaffarpur || 100 || style="background-color:#90EE90;" | Completed
|-
| 9 || Re-Development of Jubba Sahni Park, Muzaffarpur || 100 || style="background-color:#90EE90;" | Completed
|-
| 10 || Re-Development of Indira Park, Muzaffarpur || 100 || style="background-color:#90EE90;" | Completed
|-
| 11 || Junction improvement works at 6 junctions in Muzaffarpur || 100 || style="background-color:#90EE90;" | Completed
|-
| 12 || Development of Sewerage System || 94.5 || style="background-color:#FFD580;" | Running
|-
| 13 || UG Main Storm Water Drainage || 94.5 || style="background-color:#FFD580;" | Running
|-
| 14 || Redevelopment of MIT Spinal Road from Railway Station (Dharamshala Chowk) to Bairiya Chowk via Laxmi Chowk, Muzaffarpur || 96 || style="background-color:#FFD580;" | Running
|-
| 15 || Re-Development of Road from Adarsh Nagar Thana to Harisabha Chowk via Kalyani Chowk at Muzaffarpur || 100 || style="background-color:#90EE90;" | Completed
|-
| 16 || Re-Development of Peripheral Road from Railway Station (Dharamshala Chowk) to Akhara Ghat Bridge via Tower Chowk, Muzaffarpur || 93 || style="background-color:#FFD580;" | Running
|-
| 17 || Face Lifting of CBD area along Major Roads in ABD Area of Muzaffarpur Smart City || 94 || style="background-color:#FFD580;" | Running
|-
| 18 || Construction of 25 Smart Mini Bus and E-Rickshaw stop sheds in Muzaffarpur || 100 || style="background-color:#90EE90;" | Completed
|-
| 19 || RO Water Point at different junctions || 0 || style="background-color:#FF9999;" | Not Started
|-
| 20 || Construction of Integrated Bus Terminal at Bairiya, Muzaffarpur || 0 || style="background-color:#FF9999;" | Not Started
|-
| 21 || Conducting Public awareness campaigns and workshops || 100 || style="background-color:#90EE90;" | Completed
|}
'''Legend:'''
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:30%;"
! Colour
! Status
|-
| style="background-color:#90EE90;" | || Completed
|-
| style="background-color:#FFD580;" | || Running
|-
| style="background-color:#FF9999;" | || Not Started
|}<ref>[https://mymmc.org/projectstatus]</ref>

== Greater Muzaffarpur (proposed) ==
'''Greater Muzaffarpur''' refers to a proposed expansion of the municipal limits of the Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation (MMC) in [[Muzaffarpur district]], Bihar, India. The proposal aims to accommodate the city’s projected urban growth over the next 30 years by extending the existing municipal jurisdiction and incorporating adjoining rural and peri-urban areas.<ref>{{cite news
| title = A new proposal for city expansion is being prepared; the scope will increase up to the approach path of Lakdi Dhai
| url = https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/muzaffarpur/news/a-new-proposal-for-city-expansion-is-being-prepared-the-scope-will-increase-up-to-the-approach-path-of-lakdi-dhai-136619287.html
| work = Dainik Bhaskar (Local – Muzaffarpur)
| publisher = Dainik Bhaskar Group
| accessdate = 18 December 2025
| language = en
}}</ref>

=== Overview ===
* '''Proposing authority''': Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation
* '''Gram panchayats proposed''': 19
* '''Revenue villages proposed''': 56
* '''Blocks (anchals) covered''': Mushahari, Kurhani, Marwan and Kanti
* '''Additional areas included''': Madhopur Susta and Lashkaripur

Initially, the proposal covered 16 gram panchayats and 47 villages. It was later revised and expanded to include 19 panchayats and 56 villages.

The proposal was prepared under the supervision of the Municipal Commissioner '''Vikram Viskar''', with technical planning support from Town Planner '''Adya Kunwar''', in coordination with the Circle Officers (COs) and Block Development Officers (BDOs) of Kanti, Marwan, Kurhani and Mushahari blocks. As part of the planning process, the Municipal Commissioner conducted field inspections of all villages proposed for inclusion.

After approval by the '''Department of Urban Development and Housing, Government of Bihar''', the proposal will be published for public objections and claims, followed by notification in the official gazette. Final approval is expected around the time of the Bihar Panchayat elections.<ref>{{cite news
| title = पंचायत चुनाव से पहले होगा मुजफ्फरपुर नगर निगम क्षेत्र का विस्तार, सरकार को प्रस्ताव भेजने की तैयारी
| url = https://www.jagran.com/bihar/muzaffarpur-muzaffarpur-nagar-nigam-expansion-proposal-to-government-40049743.html
| work = Dainik Jagran
| publisher = Jagran Prakashan Limited
| date = 24 November 2025
| accessdate = 18 December 2025
| language = hi
}}</ref>
=== Proposed Panchayats, Blocks, and Villages Proposed for Inclusion ===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Block / Anchal
! Panchayat
! Revenue Villages
! Total Villages
|-
| Kanti
| Dadar Panchayat
| Dadar
| 1
|-
| Kanti
| Kolhua Panchayat
| Kolhua, Wairiya, Paigambarpur, Sikandarpur
| 4
|-
| Kanti
| Sadanpur Panchayat
| Sadanpur
| 1
|-
| Kanti
| Damodarpur Panchayat
| Damodarpur, Chak Murmur
| 2
|-
| Marwan
| Shubhankarpur Panchayat
| Fatehpur Murfadpur, Chainpur
| 2
|-
| Kurhani
| Kurhani Panchayat
| Dariyapur, Kafen, Madheel
| 3
|-
| Mushahari
| Mushahari Panchayat
| Bhikhanpur, Rasulpur Saiyed Salem, Rasulpur Saiyed Wajid, Sahbazpur, Chak Gazi, Sahbazpur Salem
| 6
|-
| Muradpur Dulla
| Muradpur Dulla Panchayat
| Ahiyapur, Ganeshpur, Raghopur
| 3
|-
| Sheikhpur
| Sheikhpur Panchayat
| Sheikhpur, Nazirpur
| 2
|-
| Bada Jagannath
| Bada Jagannath Panchayat
| Bada Jagannath
| 1
|-
| Abdul Nagar
| Abdul Nagar alias Madhopur Panchayat
| Chandwara, Chhota Bhagwatipur, Chak Mohammad, Saraiya, Chak Mustafapur, Sahdulapur, Bhagwatipur, Shahpur
| 8
|-
| Susta
| Susta Panchayat
| Bakhri Chandan, Harpur, Fatehpur, Baidhnathpur, Abdul Nagar alias Madhopur
| 5
|-
| Sherpur Majhauli
| Sherpur Majhauli Panchayat
| Dharmdas, Ratwara, Sherpur alias Narayanpur, Anant, Sherpur
| 5
|-
| Bhagwanpur
| Bhagwanpur Panchayat
| Badhanpura alias Brahmpura, Bhagwanpur
| 2
|-
| Patahi
| Patahi Panchayat
| Patahi alias Patahi Roop
| 1
|-
| Majhauli Khetal
| Majhauli Khetal Panchayat
| Dumri alias Damodarpur, Sahjahanpur, Gibarsahi alias Govardhanpur, Majhauli Khetal
| 4
|-
| Khabra
| Khabra Panchayat
| Barmatpur alias Bishanpur Kharkasen, Khabra alias Kiratpur, Gurdas, Gantripur, Kazi Mohammadpur, Bhikhanpur Deh, Chak Ahmad, Bhikhanpur Adam
| 8
|-
| Rohua
| Rohua Panchayat
| Kothiya Dakhili, Kothiya Apuch
| 2
|-
| Kanhauli
| Kanhauli Panchayat
| Dhanhar, Chhapra
| 2
|-
! colspan="3" | Total
! 56 villages in 19 Panchayats
|}<ref>{{cite news
| title = Apart from 49 wards, a proposal to include 56 villages of 19 panchayats was sent to the department
| url = https://www.bhaskar.com/local/bihar/muzaffarpur/news/apart-from-49-wards-a-proposal-to-include-56-villages-of-19-panchayats-was-sent-to-the-department-136690233.html
| work = Dainik Bhaskar (Local – Muzaffarpur)
| publisher = Dainik Bhaskar Group
| accessdate = 18 December 2025
| language = en
}}</ref>

==History of MMMC==
In 1864, Muzaffarpur was declared as Municipality which later on in the year 1981 was upgraded as Municipal Corporation. The first elected body of the Municipal Corporation was constituted in the year 2002. Samir Kumar was the first elected Mayor of Muzaffarpur. Vivek Kumar was the first elected Dy Mayor. The area of Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation is approx. 32 km2 spread into 49 wards.

==Budget & Finanace==
Every year in the month of March, the Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation presents its budget for the development and services in Muzaffarpur city.

===Budget 2025-2026===
Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation has approved a budget of ₹801.01 crore for the financial year 2025–26. The budget was approved in a special meeting chaired by Mayor Nirmala Devi, where committee members made some amendments before giving their approval.[http://mymmc.org/budgetFin]

'''Key Highlights of the Budget:'''
*Total Estimated Income: ₹801.01 crore
*Total Estimated Expenditure: ₹793.65 crore
*Net Profit: ₹7.76 crore
*Property Tax Collection: ₹69 crore
*Trade License Fee Collection: ₹2.5 crore

'''key features of Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation's budget:'''
*Club Road Auditorium: ₹22 crore allocated for constructing a high-capacity auditorium.
*Wedding Zone and Commercial Complex: ₹11.50 crore allocated for construction.
*Animal Cremation Center: ₹10 crore allocated for construction, and ₹90 [[lakh]] for cremating unclaimed bodies.
*Emergency Accident Service: ₹5 crore allocated.
*Municipal Petrol Pump, CNG Station, and EV [[Charging station|Charging Station]]: ₹1.50 crore allocated.
*Paperless Initiative: ₹2.5 crore allocated to make the municipal corporation paperless.

===Previous Years Budget===
BUDGET(2024–25) - [https://mymmc.org/budgetFin]

BUDGET(2023–24)- [https://mymmc.org/budgetFin]

BUDGET(2022–23)- [https://mymmc.org/budgetFin]

== Revenue ==
The following are the income sources for the corporation from the Central and State Government<ref name="Mu11">{{cite news |last1=Jadhav |first1=Radheshyam |title=Why civic bodies in India need municipal bonds |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/why-civic-bodies-in-india-need-municipal-bonds/article33237962.ece |access-date=18 May 2022 |publisher=www.thehindubusinessline.com |date=3 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Mu12">{{cite news |title=Municipal corporations under severe strain as revenues sink: RBI Report |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/latest/economy/story/municipal-corporations-under-severe-strain-as-revenues-sink-rbi-report-314215-2021-12-02 |access-date=18 May 2022 |publisher=Business Today |date=2 December 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Mu13">{{cite news |title=If cities are to deliver better quality life, need to have business models which are sustainable |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/opinion/if-cities-are-to-deliver-better-quality-life-need-to-have-business-models-which-are-sustainable/642276/ |access-date=18 May 2022 |publisher=Financialexpress |date=17 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

=== Revenue from taxes ===
Following is the Tax related revenue for the corporation:
* Property tax
* Profession tax
* Entertainment tax
* Grants from Central and State Government like Goods and Services Tax
* Advertisement tax

=== Revenue from non-tax sources ===
Following is the Non Tax related revenue for the corporation:
* Water usage charges
* Fees from Documentation services
* Rent received from municipal property
* Funds from municipal bonds

== Wards ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Wards of Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation with Population and Notable Localities<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 6, 2025 |title=Muzaffarpur District Details |url=http://www.muzaffarpur.nic.in |access-date=April 6, 2025 |website=Muzaffarpur District}}</ref>
|-
! Ward Number !! Population (2011) !! Notable Localities/Areas
|-
| 1 || 6,725 || Brahmpura, Daudpur, Kolhuapaigamberpur, Awas Nagar, Saraswati Nagar, Chanakyapuri
|-
| 2 || 9,067 || Brhampura, Rahul Nagar, Krishna Toli, Chandni Chowk, Sanjay Cinema Road North
|-
| 3 || 6,025 || Brahmpura, Rang Toli, Baleshwar Nagar Lane, Soda Godam Road
|-
| 4 || 6,547 || Juran Chapra, Maharaji-1,2,3,4,5 Nunfar Brahmpura
|-
| 5 || 5,252 || Brahampura, Dewarya Road, Emli Chatti, Mahesh Babu Chowk
|-
| 6 || 7,942 || Brahampura, Damodarpur, Iqwal Hashan Road, Bibiganj, Mehdihasan Road South
|-
| 7 || 7,238 || Bibiganj, Chitrakut Nagar, Bhagwanpur, Pathakpuri, Govindpuri
|-
| 8 || 7,681 || Maripur, Chapra Lodi, Ram Raji Road
|-
| 9 || 5,873 ||Chapra Lodi, Azad Colony, Jaitpur Colony, Chakkar Road, Prisadan Gali
|-
| 10 || 6,369 || Maripur, Tilak Nagar, Rasulpur jilani, Jaiprabha Nagar, Chak Abdul Wahid
|-
| 11 || 6,768 || Saria Ganj, Sarai Sayed Ali, Islampur
|-
| 12 || 9,763 || Daudpur Kothi, Harpur Lahori, Sikandarpur, Kundal, Brahmpura Kundal
|-
| 13 || 6,768 || Sikandarpur, Akhara Ghat Road, New Aria Sikandarpur, Annapurana Nagar
|-
| 14 || 6,403 || Sikandarpur, New Aria, Kali Mandir Road, Akhara ghat Road,
|-
| 15 || 9,215 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 16 || 8,554 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 17 || 7,703 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 18 || 6,951 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 19 || 7,154 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 20 || 5,944 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 21 || 5,482 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 22 || 6,094 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 23 || 6,166 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 24 || 6,946 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 25 || 6,226 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 26 || 5,906 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 27 || 7,119 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 28 || 5,273 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 29 || 6,468 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 30 || 8,021 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 31 || 7,448 || Kumhar Tola
|-
| 32 || 8,152 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 33 || 7,295 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 34 || 9,063 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 35 || 6,839 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 36 || 7,052 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 37 || 5,513 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 38 || 6,578 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 39 || 7,149 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 40 || 7,992 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 41 || 7,291 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 42 || 7,262 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 43 || 6,211 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 44 || 7,010 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 45 || 8,594 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 46 || 9,081 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 47 || 9,242 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 48 || 8,892 || [Localities not specified]
|-
| 49 || 10,155 || [Localities not specified]
|}

== Functions ==
Muzaffarpur Municipal Corporation is created for the following functions:<ref name="Mu9">{{cite news |title=Municipal Corporation - Functions, Roles, Members Qualification and Term |url=https://www.elections.in/government/municipal-corporation-in-india.html |access-date=18 May 2022 |publisher=www.elections.in}}</ref><ref name="Mu10">{{cite news |title=Good municipal governance key to improve quality of life {{!}} Pune News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/good-municipal-governance-key-to-improve-quality-of-life/articleshow/57320746.cms |access-date=18 May 2022 |work=The Times of India |date=24 February 2017 |language=en}}</ref>

* Planning for the town including its surroundings which are covered under its Department's Urban Planning Authority .
* Approving construction of new buildings and authorising use of land for various purposes.
* Improvement of the town's economic and Social status.
* Arrangements of water supply towards commercial, residential and industrial purposes.
* Planning for fire contingencies through Fire Service Departments.
* Creation of solid waste management, public health system and sanitary services.
* Working for the development of ecological aspect like development of Urban Forestry and making guidelines for environmental protection.
* Working for the development of weaker sections of the society like mentally and physically handicapped, old age and gender biased people.
* Making efforts for improvement of slums and poverty removal in the town.

==Gallerry==
{{multiple image
| border = infobox
| total_width = 270
| image_style =
| perrow = 1/2/2/2/1
| image1 = MSCL ICCC Muzaffarpur.jpg
| caption1 = ICCC Muzaffarpur
| image2 =
| caption2 =
| image3 = Muzaffarpur Smart City Office.jpg
| caption3 = MSCL Office
| image4 = Skiandarpur Lake Front 01.jpg
| caption4 =
| image5 = Skiandarpur Lake Front 02.jpg
| caption5 =
| image6 = ICCC Building Front View.png
| caption6 = ICCC Main Building
}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|https://nagarseva.bihar.gov.in/muzaffarpur}}

[[Category:Muzaffarpur]]
[[Category:Municipal corporations in Bihar]]

2nd Eikhoigi Imphal International Film Festival

2026-04-18T07:26:04Z

DarleneSeamon8: done

{{short description|2025 Indian film festival}}
{{Infobox Film festival
| name = 2nd Eikhoigi Imphal International Film Festival
| image =
| caption = Festival poster
| opening = ''[[Ishanou]]'' by [[Aribam Syam Sharma]]
| closing = ''[[Boong (film)|Boong]]'' by Lakshmipriya Devi
| location = [[Imphal]], [[Manipur]], India
| founded = 2022
| awards =
| host = {{Plainlist|
* Manipur State Film Development Society
* Manipur State Film & Television Institute}}
| number = 53
| date = Opening: {{Start date|df=y|2025|2|6}} Closing: {{End date|df=y|2025|2|9}}
| website = {{URL|https://eiiff.org/}}
| previous = [[1st Eikhoigi Imphal International Film Festival|1st]]
| main = Eikhoigi Imphal International Film Festival
| next =
}}

The '''2nd Eikhoigi Imphal International Film Festival''' took place from 6 to 9 February, 2025 at [[Imphal]], [[Manipur]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://assamtribune.com/north-east/imphal-readies-for-2nd-eikhoigi-film-festival-from-feb-6-to-host-57-films-cultural-events-1565534 |title= Imphal readies for 2nd Eikhoigi Film Festival from Feb 6; to host 57 films, cultural events |newspaper=The Assam Tribune}}</ref> The festival had screened 53 films from India and abroad, spread across four venues in Imphal (Manipur State Film Development Society, Chandrakriti Auditorium, Tanthapolis Cinema and Kumecs Cinema).<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://eiiff.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/EIIFF_ScreeningSchedule_v7_27jan2025-2.pdf |title= 2nd Eikhoigi Imphal International Film Festival 2025 Screening Schedule |website=eiiff.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatodayne.in/manipur/video/manipur-set-to-host-2nd-international-film-festival-showcasing-57-films-across-four-venues-1158318-2025-01-21|title= Manipur set to host 2nd International Film Festival, showcasing 57 films across four venues |newspaper=India Today NE}}</ref> The opening and closing ceremonies were held at City Convention Centre, Palace Compound.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/media/entertainment/media/amid-unrest-manipur-hosts-2nd-eikhoigi-imphal-international-film-festival/articleshow/118021178.cms?from=mdr|title=Amid unrest, Manipur hosts 2nd Eikhoigi Imphal International Film Festival|author=Bikash Singh|access-date=10 February 2025|newspaper=The Economic Times}}</ref>

==Events==
{{Small|Source:}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://eiiff.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/EIIFF_IndustryEvents_Schedule_v1.pdf|title=EIIFF Industry Engagement Events Schedule v1|accessdate=15 February 2025|website=eiiff.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.transcontinentaltimes.com/eiiff/|title=EIIFF 2025: Cinema Sparks Change in Manipur|author=Murtaza Ali Khan|accessdate=25 February 2025|website=www.transcontinentaltimes.com}}</ref>

* '''Master classes'''
** Prof. Shyamal Sengupta on 7th February 2025 (The Fundamentals of Direction)
** [[Sean McAllister (filmmaker)|Sean McAllister]] on 7th February 2025 (Filming Intimate Documentary)
** [[Shiladitya Bora]] on 9th February 2025 (Marketing, Distribution and Monetisation of Independent Films)
** [[Umesh Vinayak Kulkarni]] on 9th February 2025 (Exploring Storytelling in Shorts)

* '''Panel Discussions:'''
** Challenges Faced by Manipuri Cine Exhibitors on 6th February 2025
;Panelists:Laishram Sanatomba, Haobijam Shantiprabha and Laimayum Surjakanta, moderated by Wahengbam Lalpal
* Cinemagi Honglakliba Saklon Amadi Manipuri Cine Actors on 6th February 2025
;Panelists: Amar Mayanglambam, [[Soma Laishram]] and [[Bala Hijam]], moderated by Sonia Sorengsangbam
* Stories From The Fringe on 7th February 2025
;Panelists: Kivini Shohe, Pradip Kurbah and Borun Thokchom, moderated by Moji Riba
* Manipuri Cinema Amadi Ari-Anougi Langdai on 9th February 2025
;Panelists: [[Kangabam Tomba]], R.K. Hemabati and Thongam Thoithoi, moderated by Kharibam Yaiphaba

* '''Cine Talks'''
** Vikramjit Roy on 6th February 2025 (Harnessing Film Production to Boost State's Revenue)
** Sukamal Deb on 6th February 2025 (Ham Radio and Communication)
** Subimal Bhattacharjee on 7th February 2025 (Digital Transformation and Film Consumption)
** Jenica Kalra on 8th February 2025 (Japan-India Content Collaboration: Anime, IPs, and Beyond)

* '''Eikhoigi Pitch'''
** Documentary Pitch on 8th February 2025
** Fiction Pitch on 8th February 2025

* '''Cultural & Traditional Showcase'''
** ''Opening Ceremony'' on 6th February: Moibung, Phisarol, Tribal Dance, Rosy Heisnam, SAM PAA
** ''Eikhoigi Legacy'' on 7th February: Thang-Ta, Dhol Cholom, Thang Leiteng, Guru [[Rewben Mashangva]], Lourembam Bedabati Devi, Sorri Senjam
** ''Eikhoigi Impulse'' on 8th February: Pumpkin Crew & Imphal Breakers, Featherheads, Ereimang
** ''Closing Ceremony'' on 9th February: Laihui Ensemble, Pung Cholom, Basanta Raas

==Jury==
===International Competition: Fiction Jury===
* '''[[Susant Misra]]''' (Chairman of Jury): Film director
* '''[[Ritu Sarin]]''': Film director, producer and artist
* '''[[Romi Meitei]]''': Film director

===International Competition: Non-Fiction Jury===
* '''[[Supriyo Sen]]''' (Chairman of Jury): Indian filmmaker
* '''[[Tangella Madhavi]]''': Documentary filmmaker
* '''Oinam Doren''': Documentary filmmaker

===Eikhoigi Pitch: Fiction Jury===
* '''[[Nabin Subba]]''': Nepalese film director
* '''[[Fowzia Fathima]]''': Indian cinematographer, producer, academic and director
* '''[[Oken Amakcham]]''': Indian actor, director and music composer

===Eikhoigi Pitch: Non-Fiction Jury===
* '''Kivine Shohe''': Indian filmmaker
* '''Uma Vangal''': Indian filmmaker
* '''[[Sudharak Olwe]]''': Indian documentary photographer

==Official selections==
The following films have been selected in different categories.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/manipur/film-festival-relief-for-conflict-scarred-manipur/article69176713.ece|title=Film festival relief for conflict-scarred Manipur|access-date=10 February 2025|newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/manipur/manipur-second-edition-of-imphal-international-film-festival-to-be-held-in-february|title=Manipur: Second Edition Of Imphal International Film Festival To Be Held In February|newspaper=The Sentinel}}</ref> ''[[All That Breathes]]'' and ''Yairipok Thambalnu'' made to the official selections and screening schedules were notified, but were not screened at the festival.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://eiiff.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/EIIFF_OfficialSelectionList_v6_23jan2025.pdf |title= 2nd Eikhoigi Imphal International Film Festival 2025 Official Selection List |website=eiiff.org}}</ref>

===International Competition: Fiction===
:Highlighted title indicates award winner
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin-bottom:4px"
|-
!scope="col" | Original title
!scope="col" | English title
!scope="col" | Director(s)
!scope="col" | Production countrie(s)
|-
| colspan=2| ''[[Village Rockstars 2]]''
| [[Rima Das]]
| India
|-
| colspan=2| ''[[Boong (film)|Boong]]''
| Lakshmipriya Devi
| India
|-style="background:#eedd82"
| ''မ''
| ''[[MA - Cry of Silence]]''
| The Maw Naing
| Myanmar
|-
| ''Cu Li Không Bao Giờ Khóc''
| ''Cu Li Never Cries''
| Phạm Ngọc Lân
| Vietnam, Singapore, France, Philippines, Norway
|-
| ''[[Ullozhukku]]''
| ''Undercurrent''
| [[Christo Tomy]]
| India
|-
| colspan=2| ''Hangman''
| Vihaan
| India
|-
| ''Nelum Kuluna''
| ''[[Tentigo]]''
| Ilango Ram
| Sri Lanka
|-
| ''Айқай''
| ''Scream''
| Kenzhebek Shaikakov
| Kazakhstan
|-
| ''Yakshanba''
| ''Sunday''
| Shokir Kholikov
| Uzbekistan
|-
| ''Buelwa''
| ''An Offering''
| Charmi Chheda
| Bhutan
|-
| ''गाउँ आएको बाटो''
| ''A Road to a Village''
| [[Nabin Subba]]
| Nepal
|}

===International Competition: Non-Fiction===
:Highlighted title indicates award winner
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin-bottom:4px"
|-
!scope="col" | Original title
!scope="col" | English title

!scope="col" | Director(s)
!scope="col" | Production countrie(s)
|-
| ''ढोरपाटन''
| ''[[No Winter Holidays]]''
| Rajan Kathet & Sunir Pandey
| Nepal, South Korea, Romania
|-
| colspan=2| ''Where We Used to Sleep''
| Matthäus Wörle
| Germany
|-
| ''তৃতীয় ভুবন''
| ''Beyond Boundaries''
| Sankhajit Biswas & Biswajit Mitra
| Australia, India
|-
| colspan=2| ''[[And, Towards Happy Alleys]]''
| Sreemoyee Singh
| Iran
|-
| colspan=2| ''Andro Dreams''
| Meena Longjam
| India
|-style="background:#eedd82"
| colspan=2| ''[[Agent of Happiness]]''
| Arun Bhattarai & Dorottya Zurbó
| Bhutan, Hungary
|-
| ''Bhangaar''
|''Obsolete''
| Sumira Roy
| India
|-
| colspan=2| ''[[Against the Tide (2023 film)|Against the Tide]]''
| Sarvnik Kaur
| India, France
|-
| colspan=2| ''Turtle Walker''
| Taira Malaney
| India, United States
|-
|''Ukjent Landskap''
| ''A New Kind of Wilderness''
| Silje Evensmo Jacobsen
| Norway
|}

===North-East Currents===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin-bottom:4px"
|-
!scope="col" | Original title
!scope="col" | English title
!scope="col" | Director(s)
!scope="col" |Production North East Indian State
|-
| ''Ka Chithi''
| ''The Letters''
| Simi Khongtiang
| Meghalaya
|-
| ''Puinau Puidaa''
| ''Stepmother''
| Kachangthai Gonmei
| Manipur
|-
| colspan=2| ''Tara: The Lost Star''
| [[Samten Bhutia]]
| Sikkim
|-
| ''Bibo Binanao''
| ''My Three Sisters''
| [[Kenny Basumatary|Kenny Deori Basumatary]]
| Assam
|-
| colspan=2| ''Indian Women Atlas''
| Sunil Dhankher
| Manipur
|-
| colspan=2| ''Ade (On a Sunday)''
| Theja Rio
| Nagaland
|-
| colspan=2| ''Karken''
| Nending Loder
| Arunachal Pradesh
|-
| ''Chanchisoa''
| ''Expectation''
| Elvachisa Ch. Sangma & Dipankar Das
| Meghalaya
|-
| colspan=2| ''An Unknown Summer''
| Bhaskar Jyoti Das
| Assam
|-
| colspan=2| ''Delusional Decays''
| Tushar Nongthombam
| Manipur
|-
| ''Aaini Onnai''
| ''Mother's Affection''
| Bishal Swargiary
| Assam
|}

===World Lenses===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin-bottom:4px"
|-
!scope="col" | Original title
!scope="col" | English title
!scope="col" | Director(s)
!scope="col" | Production countrie(s)
|-
| colspan=2| ''Father's Footsteps''
| Mohamad W. Ali
| Syria, India
|-
| colspan=2| ''[[Sunflowers Were the First Ones to Know...]]''
| Chidananda S. Naik
| India
|-
| ''Putulnama''
| ''Dolls Don’t Die''
| Ranajit Ray
| India
|-
| ''Čovjek koji nije mogao šutjeti''
| ''[[The Man Who Could Not Remain Silent]]''
| [[Nebojša Slijepčević]]
| France, Croatia, Slovenia, Bulgaria
|}

===Remastered: The Light of Manipuri Cinema===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin-bottom:4px"
|-
!scope="col" | Original title
!scope="col" | English title
!scope="col" | Director(s)
!scope="col" | Genre
|-
| ''[[Ishanou]]''
| ''The Chosen One''
| [[Aribam Syam Sharma]]
| Fiction
|-
| ''[[Sanakeithel]]''
| ''Golden Market''
| M.A. Singh
| Fiction
|-
| ''[[Chatledo Eidi]]''
| ''Gone With A Heavy Heart''
| [[Makhonmani Mongsaba]]
| Fiction
|}

===Eikhoigi Montage===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin-bottom:4px"
|-
!scope="col" | Original title
!scope="col" | English title
!scope="col" | Director(s)
!scope="col" | Genre
|-
| ''Swaha''
| ''In the Name of Fire''
| Abhilash Sharma
| Fiction
|-
| colspan=2| ''Kherwal''
| Uttam Kamati
| Fiction
|-
| ''Appuram''
| ''The Other Side''
| Indu Lakshmi
| Fiction
|-
| ''Adim''
| ''Primitive''
| Amitabha Chaterji
| Fiction
|-
| colspan=2| ''The Secrets of Radha''
| Subarna Thapa
| Fiction
|-
| ''Manikbabur Megh''
| ''[[The Cloud and the Man]]''
| [[Abhinandan Banerjee]]
| Fiction
|-
| colspan=2| ''In God We Trust''
| Uma Vangal
| Non Fiction
|-
| ''Teere Bendho Na..''
| ''Unanchored..''
| Niranjan Kumar Kujur
| Fiction
|-
| colspan=2| ''Path''
| Pradip Kurbah
| Shorts
|}

===Manipur Matinée===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin-bottom:4px"
|-
!scope="col" | Original title
!scope="col" | English title
!scope="col" | Director(s)
!scope="col" | Genre
|-
| colspan=2| ''[[Oneness (film)|Oneness]]''
| [[Priyakanta Laishram]]
| Fiction
|-
| colspan=2|''Sunita''
| Ajit Yumnam
| Fiction
|-
| ''Laangoi''
| ''Enclosure''
| Manoranjan Longjam
| Fiction
|-
| ''[[Langdai Ama]]''
| ''The Juncture''
| Binoranjan Oinam
| Fiction
|-
| ''Una Una''
| ''As It Sees''
| Irel Luwang
| Fiction
|}

==Awards and Winners==
{{Small|Source:}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thesangaiexpress.com/Encyc/2025/2/10/By-Our-Staff-ReporterIMPHAL-Feb-9-The-2nd-edition-of-Eikhoigi-Imphal-International-Film-Festival-EIIFF-c.html|title=Film Fest concludes|accessdate=11 February 2025|newspaper=The Sangai Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://eiiff.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/EIIFF_Newsletter_Day5_Winners_v2.pdf|title=EIIFF Newsletter Day5 Winners v2|accessdate=11 February 2025|website=eiiff.org}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Award
! Film
! Director(s)
|-
| Best Fiction: International Competition
| ''[[MA - Cry of Silence]]''
| The Maw Naing
|-
| Best Non-Fiction: International Competition
| ''[[Agent of Happiness]]''
| Arun Bhattarai & Dorottya Zurbó
|-
| [[FIPRESCI]] Award
| ''Where We Used to Sleep''
| Matthäus Wörle
|-
| Special Jury Award
| ''Yakshanba''
| Shokir Kholikov
|}

===Eikhoigi Pitch Awards===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Award
! Film
! Director(s)
|-
| Best Pitch - Fiction
| ''The Scent of the Ripening Field''
| Alexander Leo Pou
|-
| Best Pitch - Non-Fiction
| ''Bedabati's Songs''
| Borun Thokchom
|-
| Most Promising Project - Fiction or Non-Fiction
| ''The Scent of Mother''
| Pramoda Nandeibam
|-
| Emerging Talent - Non-Fiction
| ''Eche Tombi - The Brewer of Andro''
| Andy Tourangbam & Thokchom Nelson
|-
| Emerging Talent - Fiction
| ''Khei-Hea (Night & Day)''
| Ashok Veilou
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|https://eiiff.org/}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Eikhoigi Imphal International Film Festival, 2nd}}
[[Category:2025 film festivals]]
[[Category:2025 festivals in Asia]]
[[Category:2025 in Indian cinema]]

Sumana Das

2026-04-16T19:58:17Z

DarleneSeamon8: new details

{{short description|Indian television actress|bot=PearBOT 5}}
{{notability|Bio|date=August 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Sumana Das Goradia
| birth_name = Sumana Das
| birth_date =
| occupation = [[Actress]]
| years_active = 2009–2016
| spouse = {{married|Sumit Goradia|2014}}{{Citation needed|date=March 2023}}
| mother = Sabitri Das Mahanta
| family = Madhumita Das (sister){{Citation needed|date=March 2023}}
}}

'''Sumana Das''' '''Goradia''' is an Indian television actress. She appeared in the role of Shamoli on ''[[Bayttaab Dil Kee Tamanna Hai]]'' and has also appeared as Riya in ''[[Kya Mast Hai Life]]'' on the [[Disney Channel (Indian TV channel)|Disney]] Channel. Sumana Das was born in Diphu, Assam. Her elder sister Madhumita Das too is a television actor.{{fact|date=December 2023}}

==Television==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Show
! Role
! Channel
! Notes
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2009–2010
| ''[[Kya Mast Hai Life]]''
| Riya
| [[Disney Channel (Indian TV channel)|Disney]]
| Supporting role
|-
| ''[[Bayttaab Dil Kee Tamanna Hai]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://entertainment.gaeatimes.com/2009/10/03/its-kareena-of-atraaz-for-sumana-das-38445/|title=Its Kareena of Atraaz for Sumana Das|date=2009-10-03|website= Gaea Times Dot Com|language=en|access-date=2020-02-18}}</ref>
| Shamoli Kunal Mehra
| rowspan="2" | [[Sony Entertainment Television (India)|Sony TV]]
| Lead role
|-
| rowspan="3" | 2010
| ''[[Aahat (Indian TV series)|Aahat]]'' - Isse Dekhna Mana Hai : Part 1 & Part 2{{Citation needed|date=March 2023}}
| Naina (Episode 37 & Episode 38)
| Episodic role
|-
| ''[[Bairi Piya (serial)|Bairi Piya]]''
| Kajri
| [[Colors TV]]
| Supporting role
|-
| ''[[C.I.D. (Indian TV series)|C.I.D.]]'' - Netraheen Gawah{{Citation needed|date=March 2023}}
| Episode 653
| [[Sony Entertainment Television (India)|Sony TV]]
| Episodic role
|-
| 2011
| ''[[Nachle Ve with Saroj Khan]]''{{Citation needed|date=March 2023}}
| Guest
| [[NDTV Imagine]]
| [[Reality show]]
|-
| 2011–2012
| ''[[Kahani Chandrakanta Ki]]''{{Citation needed|date=March 2023}}
| Damini
| [[Sahara One]]
| Supporting role
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2012
| ''[[Fear Files: Darr Ki Sacchi Tasvirein]]''
| Episode 11
| [[Zee TV]]
| rowspan="2" | Episodic role
|-
| ''[[Savdhaan India]]''
| Pratima (Episode 22)
| rowspan="2" | [[Life OK]]
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2013
| ''[[Savitri - Ek Prem Kahani]]''{{Citation needed|date=March 2023}}
| Mishti
| Supporting role
|-
| ''[[Fear Files: Darr Ki Sacchi Tasvirein]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Sumana-Das-Sunayana-Fozdar-in-Fear-Files/articleshow/20016569.cms|title=Sumana Das & Sunayana Fozdar in Fear Files|date=2013-05-12|website= Times Of India Dot Com|language=en|access-date=2020-02-18}}</ref>
| Episode 92
| [[Zee TV]]
| Episodic role
|-
| 2014
| ''[[Yeh Hai Aashiqui]]''{{Citation needed|date=March 2023}}
| Rohan's Elder Sister (Season 1 - Episode 13)
| [[Bindass]]
| Episodic role
|-
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Das, Sumana}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian television actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses in Hindi television]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Wazir Khanam

2026-04-11T19:47:40Z

DarleneSeamon8:

{{Short description|Courtesan poet of Delhi (1811–1879)}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = Wazir Khanum
| pseudonym = Zuhra
| image = File:A consort, most likely Wazir Khanam, seated alongside Prince Mirza Fakhru.jpg
| caption = Wazir Khanum seated alongside Mirza Fakhru.
| birth_date = 1811
| birth_place = [[Chawri Bazar]] [[Delhi]], India
| death_date = 1879
| death_place = [[Rampur, Uttar Pradesh|Rampur]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], India
| occupation = [[tawaif]], [[poet]]
| period = Mughal Empire, Rampur State
}}

'''Wazir Khanum''' (1811–1879) was an Indian [[Tawaif|''tawaif'']] and [[Urdu]] poet based in [[Delhi]]. She lived during the late [[Mughal Empire]] when Delhi was fully established as a prominent hub of the arts. Wazir Khanum eventually became ''[[begum]]'' when she briefly married crown prince Mirza Fakhru.

== Life ==
Wazir Khanum was born on 1811 in Delhi as the youngest of three daughters. Her mother was Asghari Begum, the daughter of a famed [[Tawaif|''tawaif'']] of Delhi's [[Chawri Bazar]] district named Akbari Bai, and her father was Muhammad Yusuf, a jeweller and ornament craftsman. Yusuf was of [[Kashmiris|Kashmiri]] descent and migrated to Delhi at a young age in hopes of better opportunities in the erstwhile capital of the Mughal Empire. He was then taken in by Akbari Bai, who would later marry her daughter to him. As a result, Wazir grew up cultured and surrounded by art and poetry, access of which was denied to ''[[purdah]]'' bound girls and women at the time. The young Wazir and her sister Umdah were immersed in the vibrant world of Akbari Bai's [[Kotha|''kotha'']]; attending musical and poetic soirees and familiarizing themselves with the nobility who would visit. Akbari Bai arranged for them to be mentored by eminent scholars of Delhi, who taught them poetry and music as part of their training as tawaifs.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |last=Khan |first=Tarana Husain |date=2025-12-28 |title=The courtesan who became the begum of a Mughal prince |url=https://scroll.in/article/1089515/the-courtesan-who-became-the-begum-of-a-mughal-prince |access-date=2026-03-20 |website=Scroll.in }}</ref>

Wazir's eldest sister Umdah met and became the concubine of Nawab [[Yusef Ali Khan|Yusuf Ali Khan]] of the [[Rampur State|Rampur]] royal family, while Wazir remained in the kotha until her meeting with Captain Edward Marston Blake, who she had two children with. After his death, Wazir would then return to Delhi in around 1830, which was when she met Nawab Shamsuddin of the [[Ferozepur Jhirka]] state and became his mistress.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2023-12-31 |title=Glossary |url=https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009047685.009 |journal=Music and Musicians in Late Mughal India |pages=248–256 |doi=10.1017/9781009047685.009|url-access=subscription }}</ref> She was given her own palatial residence in the Khanam Bazar and received a generous allowance. It was around this time that she gave birth to Nawab Mirza Khan, better known as [[Daagh Dehlvi|Dagh Dehlvi]], who would go on to become an accomplished poet. She sent her four year old son to be raised by her sister Umdah in Rampur, and would not reunite with him until she was able to move there after Umdah managed to secure an alliance for her with Agha Turab, a powerful nobleman of Rampur.

In 1842, Agha Turab was killed at the hands of thugs. Wazir, aggrieved by the death of her lover, returned to Delhi with her two sons to live in her old residence.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=R. V. |date=2019-01-07 |title=The great leveller: How Urdu blossomed in the 19th century |url=https://www.thehindu.com/society/history-and-culture/the-great-leveller/article25929519.ece |access-date=2026-03-20 |work=The Hindu |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

=== As Begum ===
Wazir Khanum entered the [[Red Fort]] as ''begum'' when she married [[Mirza Fath-ul-Mulk Bahadur|Mirza Fakhru]], the crown prince of the Mughal Dynasty in July 10, 1856. He was besotted with her and she was elevated to the position ''Shaukat Mahal'' (lit.splendour of the palace) and enjoyed a high position in the [[Mughal Harem|imperial harem]]. Her teenage son Dagh received a privileged education in the palace and was under the tutelage of the poet [[Mohammad Ibrahim Zauq|Zauq]].<ref>{{Citation |last=Cemendtaur |title=Gulzar E Daagh Sept 8 2003 ICC Hamida Chopra |date=2013-09-08 |url=http://archive.org/details/GulzarEDaaghSept82003ICCHamidaChopra |access-date=2026-03-20}}</ref>

However, the stability of palace life for Wazir soon came to a end. On July 10, 1856, Mirza Fakhru had died, thus being eliminated as rival to other contenders to the throne.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Zaman |first=Taymiya R. |date=January 2008 |title=William Dalrymple. The Last Mughal: The Fall of a Dynasty; Delhi, 1857. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2007. Pp. 534. $30.00 (cloth). |url=https://doi.org/10.1086/528648 |journal=Journal of British Studies |volume=47 |issue=1 |pages=220–221 |doi=10.1086/528648 |issn=0021-9371|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Wazir was evicted from the palace by the chief queen, the mother of [[Mirza Jawan Bakht (born 1841)|Jawan Bakht]], who was happy that her son had become crown prince and heir. The 43 year old Wazir moved back to her old residence in the Khanam Bazar with her two sons. She would eventually move to Rampur when Dagh received an appointment from the Nawab Yusuf Ali Khan, possibly living there until her death in 1879.<ref name="auto"/>

== Accomplishments ==
As a tawaif, Wazir was highly skilled in poetry and was an accomplished poet. Unfortunately, only bits and pieces of her poetry remain to this day. The following is a surviving fragment of her work:

''Better to listen to the counseller quietly''

''I shall not listen to an ignorant person''

'''سن لیں نصیح کے چپ رہیں بہتر'''

'''ہم نہ دینگے جواب جاہل کو'''<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Beenish Fatima |date=2022-03-21 |title=‘‘Kai Chaand Thay Sar e Aasman’’ :The Narration Of The Dilapidation Of Civilization |url=https://doi.org/10.58760/dareechaetahqeeq.v1i2.5 |journal=Dareecha-e-Tahqeeq |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=47–63 |doi=10.58760/dareechaetahqeeq.v1i2.5 |issn=2790-9972}}{{dead|date=March 2026}}</ref>

== In literature ==
She is the protagonist of the 2006 Urdu novel ''Kai Chand the Sar-e-Aasman'' by [[Shamsur Rahman Faruqi|Shamsur Rahman Faruqi.]]

== References ==

{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Khanam, Wazir}}
[[Category:1811 births]]
[[Category:1879 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian poets]]
[[Category:Indian courtesans]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian women]]
[[Category:People from Delhi]]
[[Category:Kathak dancers]]
[[Category:19th-century poets]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian women writers]]
[[Category:Mistresses]]

Tulu Nadu state movement

2026-04-05T19:49:54Z

DarleneSeamon8: new new entry

{{Short description|Formation of separate Tulu Nadu state from Karnataka and Kerala}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2014}}
{{EngvarB|date=March 2014}}
[[File:Tulunadu.svg|thumb|Tulu Nadu in yellow with respect to rest of [[Karnataka]] (''green'') and [[Kerala]] (''purple'')]]

[[File:Map_Showing_distribution_of_Dravidian_languages_in_1913.jpg|thumb|Map Showing distribution of Dravidian languages in 1913]]
'''Tulu Nadu State movement''' is aimed at increasing [[Tulu Nadu]]'s influence and political power through the formation of separate Tulu Nadu state from [[Karnataka]] and [[Kerala]]. Tulu Nadu is a region on the south-western coast of [[India]]. It consists of [[Dakshina Kannada|the Dakshina Kannada]] and [[Udupi District|Udupi]] districts of [[Karnataka]] and [[Kasargod district]] up to the [[Chandragiri river]] in Kerala.<ref name="state" /> The [[Chandragiri River]] has traditionally been considered a boundary between Tulu Nadu and Kerala from the fourth century AD onwards.<ref>{{harvnb|Parpola|2000|p=386}}</ref><ref name="bh">{{harvnb|Bhat|1998|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Z0nZzbFDSAoC&q=chandragiri&pg=RA1-PA14 6]}}</ref> The first call for a separate Tulu Nadu state was made just after the [[Quit India Movement]] in 1942 by Srinivas Updhyaya Paniyadi, a banker and a press owner from [[Udupi]].<ref>{{cite web|last=M Raghuram|title=Telangana fuels separatist fire in Karnataka|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/bangalore/1868547/report-telangana-fuels-separatist-fire-in-karnataka|access-date=1 August 2013}}</ref> [[Mangaluru]] is the largest and the chief city of Tulu Nadu. Tulu activists have been demanding a separate Tulu Nadu state since the late 2000s, considering language and culture as the basis for their demand.<ref name="state">{{cite news
|url=http://www.hindu.com/2006/08/13/stories/2006081317290300.htm
|title=Tulu Nadu movement gaining momentum
|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]
|access-date=27 May 2009
|location=Chennai, India
|date=13 August 2006
|url-status=unfit
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120924043309/http://www.hindu.com/2006/08/13/stories/2006081317290300.htm
|archive-date=24 September 2012
}}</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?q=For+the+last+few+years+people+of+Dakshina+Kannada+have+been+demanding+Tulu+Nadu,+&btnG=Search+Books Economic and political weekly (1997), v. 32, Sameeksha Trust, p. 3114]</ref><ref name="dj">{{cite news
|url=http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=27089&n_tit=News+headlines
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323061737/http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=27089&n_tit=News+headlines
|archive-date=2012-03-23 |url-status=dead
|title=News Headlines (21 October 2006)
|publisher=[[Daiji World|Daijiworld Media Pvt Ltd Mangalore]]
|access-date=27 May 2009
|date=21 October 2006}}</ref><ref name="h">{{cite news
|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/03/06/stories/2008030658140300.htm
|title=Tulu organisations to meet soon
|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]
|access-date=27 May 2009
|location=Chennai, India
|date=6 March 2008
|url-status=unfit
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110821030433/http://www.hindu.com/2008/03/06/stories/2008030658140300.htm
|archive-date=21 August 2011
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
|url=http://archive.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/oct222006/district1955220061020.asp
|title=Samithi seeks separate Tulu state
|newspaper=[[Deccan Herald]]
|access-date=27 May 2009
|date=21 October 2006
|url-status=unfit
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419192813/http://archive.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/oct222006/district1955220061020.asp
|archive-date=19 April 2014
}}</ref>

Several major powers ruled Tulu Nadu, including the [[Kadamba dynasty|Kadambas]], [[Alupa dynasty|Alupas]], [[Vijayanagara Empire|Vijayanagara dynasty]], and the [[Nayakas of Keladi|Keladi Nayakas]].<ref>{{harvnb|South Kanara District Gazetteer|1973|p=36|Ref=sch}}</ref> However, epigraphic evidence, including inscriptions published in [[Epigraphia Carnatica]], shows that [[Kannada]], along with [[Sanskrit]], was majorly used in administration and official records under the [[Kadamba dynasty|Kadambas]], [[Alupa dynasty|Alupas]], and [[Nayakas of Keladi|Keladi Nayakas]]; the [[Vijayanagara Empire]] likewise issued numerous inscriptions in [[Kannada]] in addition to [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Sanskrit]], and [[Tamil language|Tamil]] as part of its multilingual administrative system.<ref>{{cite book |last=Sastri |first=K. A. Nilakanta |title=A History of South India: From Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1955 |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofsouthin00sast}}
; {{cite book |last=Stein |first=Burton |title=Vijayanagara |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1989 |url=https://archive.org/details/vijayanagara00stei}}
; {{cite book |last=Ramesh |first=K. V. |title=Indian Epigraphy |publisher=Archaeological Survey of India |year=1984}}
; {{cite book |last=Bhat |first=N. Shyam |title=South Kanara: A Study of History and Culture |year=1975}}</ref> The region was unified with the state of [[Mysore State|Mysore]] (now called ''Karnataka'') in 1956.<ref name="sorg1956"/> The region encompassing Tulu Nadu formerly comprised the district of [[South Canara]].<ref>{{harvnb|Caldwell|1881|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=zjTneAGmatsC&dq=Tulu+Nadu+South+Canara&pg=PA49 49]}}</ref> Tulu Nadu is demographically and linguistically diverse, with several languages commonly spoken and understood, including [[Tulu language|Tulu]], [[Kundagannada]], [[Konkani language|Konkani]], and [[Beary language|Beary]].<ref name="g">{{harvnb|Vasudevan|1998|p=94}}</ref><ref name="i15">{{harvnb|The Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 14|p=[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V14_365.gif 359]|Ref=imp}}</ref><ref name="i16">{{harvnb|The Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 14|p=[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V14_366.gif 360]|Ref=imp}}</ref>

==Distinct identity==
[[File:Proposed states and territories of India.png|thumb|left|250px|Tulu Nadu is shown with other aspirant states of [[India]].]]
According to the 1961 Census of India statistics, [[Tuluva|Tulu speakers]] (67.27 percent) constituted the majority of the population of Dakshina Kannada, followed by [[Konkani language|Konkani]] (20.62 percent).<ref name=census>Census of India, District Census Handbook (1961), South Kanara District, p. 192</ref> As per the latest(2011) census of India statistics, Tulu speakers remained at 48.5 percent in Dakshina Kannada district. While in Udupi, [[Kannadigas|Kannada Speakers]] remained at 42.7 percent.<ref>{{cite web |title=Census of India 2011: Language Data |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html |publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |year=2011}}</ref> The predominant languages in Tulu Nadu are [[Tulu language|Tulu]], [[Kundagannada]], [[Konkani language|Konkani]], [[Malayalam]], and [[Beary language|Beary]],<ref name="g"/><ref name="i15"/><ref name="i16"/> with Tulu being the lingua franca in Mangaluru and some parts of Udupi district.

Hinduism is followed by many of the population, with [[Billava|Billavas]], [[Devadiga|Devadigas]], [[Bunt (community)|Bunts]], [[Mogaveera|Mogaveeras]] (Native Tuluvas). [[Kota Brahmins]], [[Kulala|Kulalas]], [[Ganiga]], [[Vokkaliga]] and [[Koteshwara Brahmins]] (Native Kannadigas), [[Shivalli|Shivalli Brahmins]], [[Sthanika Brahmins]] (Tulu), [[Vishwa Brahmins]] (Kannada, Tulu) [[Havyaka|Havyaka Brahmins]] (Havyakannada - a dialect of Kannada), [[Karhade Brahmin|Karhade Brahmins]] (Marathi) [[Goud Saraswat Brahmin|Goud Saraswat Brahmins]] (Konkani), [[Daivadnya Brahmin|Daivadnya Brahmins]] (Konkani), and [[Rajapur Saraswat Brahmins]] (Konkani) also form significant sections of the Hindu population.<ref name="bh6">{{harvnb|Bhat|1998|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Z0nZzbFDSAoC&pg=RA1-PA212 212]}}</ref><ref name="bh7">{{harvnb|Bhat|1998|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Z0nZzbFDSAoC&pg=RA1-PA213 213]}}</ref>

Christians form a sizeable section of [[Mangaloreans|Mangalorean society]], with Konkani-speaking Catholics, popularly known as [[Mangalorean Catholics]], accounting for the largest Christian community in Tulu Nadu.<ref name="bh7" /><ref name="bh8">{{harvnb|Bhat|1998|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Z0nZzbFDSAoC&pg=RA1-PA214 214]}}</ref> [[Protestants]] in Tulu Nadu, known as [[Mangalorean Protestants]], typically speak Kannada.<ref name="sch93">{{harvnb|South Kanara District Gazetteer|1973|p=93|Ref=sc}}</ref> Most Muslims in Tulu Nadu are [[Beary]]s, who speak Beary Bashe.<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/10/13/stories/2007101361130300.htm
|title=Beary Sahitya Academy set up
|access-date=4 March 2012
|date=13 October 2007
|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]
|location=Chennai, India
|url-status=unfit
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102025141/http://www.hindu.com/2007/10/13/stories/2007101361130300.htm
|archive-date=2 November 2012
}}</ref> There is also a sizeable community of landowners following [[Jainism]], known as the [[Tulu Jain]]s.<ref name="bh7" />

==Reasons==

As a result of the [[States Reorganisation Act]] (1956), South Canara (part of the [[Madras Presidency]] under the British) was incorporated into the dominion of the newly created [[Mysore State]] (now called ''[[Karnataka]]'').<ref name="sorg1956">{{cite web
|url=http://www.commonlii.org/in/legis/num_act/sra1956250/
|title=States Reorganization Act 1956
|access-date=1 July 2008
|publisher=Commonwealth Legal Information Institute
|archive-date=16 May 2008
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516123014/http://www.commonlii.org/in/legis/num_act/sra1956250/
|url-status=dead
}}</ref> Although Tulu Nadu has a distinct cultural and linguistic identity, a separate state was not created to form the independence. Tuluva activists had raised serious issues on the development of [[Mangalore|Mangaluru]] and [[Tulu Nadu]].<ref name="state"/> One of them was that the [[Government of Karnataka|Karnataka State Government]] has been focusing only on the development of [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]], the capital of Karnataka, and its periphery, and cities such as Mangaluru and [[Udupi]] in Tulu Nadu were grossly neglected.<ref name="state"/> They also alleged that the Government had "totally neglected" Dakshina Kannada and Udupi districts.<ref name="state"/> They also alleged that [[Kerala Government|the Kerala Government]] showed similar attitudes towards the northern parts of Kasargod district.<ref name="state"/>

The Tulu Rajya Horata Samiti, active in the Dakshina Kannada, Udupi, and Kasaragod districts, advocates self-rule as the only solution for the region's much-awaited developmental works. The Samithi rejected the initiative of the Karnataka State Government to change the name of Mangalore to Mangaluru. It insisted that if it is changed, it should be changed as ''Kudla''. Other demands are renaming [[Mangalore International Airport|Mangaluru International Airport]] as "Koti Chennaya International Airport". Samiti aims to create awareness among the Tulu-speaking people about the "inevitability of a separate state and enthusing them to fight for the cause."<ref name="dj"/>

In the early 21st century, the Tulu Nadu movement gained momentum in the region with support from notable Mangalorean Kannada poet [[Kayyara Kinyanna Rai]] and former Member of Parliament Ramanna Rai. In an interview, Kinyanna Rai said, "political boundaries might not mean anything to people who were fighting for the survival of a language and its culture. Karnataka and Kerala governments spoke about "Tier-II cities" and the "Smart City" concept, but investment was not forthcoming." In another interview, Ramanna Rai said that "the work on the Mangaluru–Bangaluru railway line was completed after 35 years of its launch." He also said that "he would not accept the laying of a meter gauge line between the two cities and converting it into broad gauge as a development project particularly when there was no rail link for nine years."<ref name="state"/>

In 2008, the former president of the Kannada Sahitya Parishat, Harikrishna Punaroor stated:
{{quote|"All Tulu organisations from Dakshina Kannada, Udupi and Kasaragod districts will meet shortly to chart out a plan for a separate State and to take it up with the Centre. The people of these districts had a legitimate reason to seek a separate State. [Noting that most States came into being on the basis of linguistic consideration] people from Tulu-speaking areas too could stake a claim in this regard. Tulu is one of the five Dravidian languages with its own script. The demand for the inclusion of Tulu in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution had not materialised over the years due to the apathy of the State and Union governments. Creating a separate State would give a fillip to the growth and sustenance of Tulu. It was the responsibility of elected representatives from the region to press for this cause. If the Government failed to fulfil their demand, an organised agitation would be inevitable."<ref name="h"/>}}

==Mahajan Panel Report==
The issue of bifurcation and merger of the northern part of [[Kasaragod district]] (to the north of the [[Chandragiri river]]) with Karnataka, as recommended by the Justice Mahajan Commission as early as 1968, was discussed in [[Lok Sabha]] elections in 2004.<ref name="hy">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/05/06/stories/2004050610690400.htm |title=Demand to implement Mahajan panel report |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |date=6 May 2004 |access-date=4 March 2012 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110831113250/http://www.hindu.com/2004/05/06/stories/2004050610690400.htm |archive-date=31 August 2011 }}</ref>

[[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|United Democratic Front]] (UDF) candidate N. A. Muhammed, in an interview with ''[[The Hindu]]'', said he would not do anything that would distort or topple a bill favouring the implementation of the Mahajan Commission report. He also said he would not press for implementing the Mahajan Commission report but would certainly not act against it if such a bill was moved in the Parliament.<ref name="hy"/>

==See also==
*[[Belgaum border dispute]]
*[[Kaveri River water dispute]]
*[[Gokak agitation]]
*[http://daijiworld247.com/newsDisplay.aspx?newsID=720 Tulu To 8th schedule] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107020034/http://daijiworld247.com/newsDisplay.aspx?newsID=720 |date=7 November 2017 }}
*[http://www.daijiworld.com/news/newsDisplay.aspx?newsID=421376 Black Day For Tulunad]

==Citations==
{{reflist|2}}

==References==
{{refbegin|2}}
*{{cite book
|last=Bhat
|first=N. Shyam
|title=South Kanara, 1799–1860: a study in colonial administration and regional response
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z0nZzbFDSAoC
|publisher=Mittal Publications
|year=1998
|access-date=7 June 2009
|isbn=9788170995869
}}
*{{cite book
|last=Caldwell
|first=Robert
|author-link=Robert Caldwell
|title=Political and general history of the District of Tinnevelly in the Presidency of Madras, from the earliest period to its cession to the English Government in A.D. 1801
|url=https://archive.org/details/apoliticalandge00caldgoog
|publisher=E. Kyes
|year=1881
|access-date=4 March 2012
}}
*{{cite book
|last=Hunter
|first=William Wilson
|author2=James Sutherland Cotton
|author3=Richard Burn
|author4=William Stevenson Meyer
|author5=Great Britain India Office
|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/
|title=The Imperial Gazetteer of India
|publisher=Clarendon Press
|year=1909
|access-date=7 January 2009
|ref=imp
}}
*{{cite book
|year=2000
|last=Parpola
|first=Marjatta
|title=Kerala Brahmins in transition: a study of a Nampūtiri family
|publisher=Finnish Oriental Society
|isbn=9789519380483
}}
*{{cite book
|year=1998
|last=Vasudevan
|first=C.
|title=Koragas: The Forgotten Lot : the Primitive Tribe of Tulu Nadu : History and Culture
|publisher=The Ethos
}}
*{{cite book
|year=1973
|title=South Kanara District Gazetteer
|series=Karnataka State Gazetteer
|volume=12
|chapter-url=http://gazetteer.kar.nic.in/data/gazetteer/postind/11_1973_2.pdf
|pages=33–85
|chapter=History
|publisher=Gazetteer Department ([[Government of Karnataka]])
|access-date=27 October 2008
|ref=sch
|archive-date=25 February 2009
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225142612/http://gazetteer.kar.nic.in/data/gazetteer/postind/11_1973_2.pdf
|url-status=dead
}}
*{{cite book
|year=1973
|title=South Kanara District Gazetteer
|series=Karnataka State Gazetteer
|volume=12
|chapter-url=http://gazetteer.kar.nic.in/data/gazetteer/postind/11_1973_3.pdf
|pages=86–125
|chapter=People
|publisher=Gazetteer Department ([[Government of Karnataka]])
|access-date=26 October 2008
|ref=sc
|archive-date=25 March 2009
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325022809/http://gazetteer.kar.nic.in/data/gazetteer/postind/11_1973_3.pdf
|url-status=dead
}}
{{refend}}
== Further reading ==
* {{Citation
| author = S. Muhammad Hussain Nainar | year=1942
| title= Tuhfat-al-Mujahidin: An Historical Work in The Arabic Language | publisher=University of Madras
| url= https://archive.org/details/Tuhfat-al-MujahidinAnHistoricalWorkInTheArabicLanguage
|isbn= 9789839154801}}
* {{Citation
| author = J. Sturrock | year=1894
| title= Madras District Manuals - South Canara (Volume-I) | publisher=Madras Government Press
| url= https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.3200/page/n1/mode/2up
}}
* {{Citation
| author = Harold A. Stuart | year=1895
| title= Madras District Manuals - South Canara (Volume-II) | publisher=Madras Government Press
| url= https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.281736/mode/2up
}}
* {{Citation
| author = Government of Madras | year=1905
| title= Madras District Gazetteers: Statistical Appendix for South Canara District | publisher=Madras Government Press
| url= https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.177471/page/n1/mode/2up
}}
* {{Citation
| author = Government of Madras | year=1915
| title= Madras District Gazetteers South Canara (Volume-II) | publisher=Madras Government Press
| url= https://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.16591/page/n5/mode/2up
}}
* {{Citation
| author = Government of Madras | year=1953
| title= 1951 Census Handbook- South Canara District | publisher=Madras Government Press
| url= http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/6023/1/7746_1951.pdf
}}
* {{Citation
| author = J. I. Arputhanathan | year=1955
| title= South Kanara, The Nilgiris, Malabar and Coimbatore Districts (Village-wise Mother-tongue Data for Bilingual or Multilingual Taluks) | publisher=Madras Government Press
| url= http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/6447/1/50056_1951_SOU.pdf
}}
* {{Citation |title=Statistical Atlas of the Madras State (1951)|last=Rajabhushanam|first=D. S.|publisher=Director of Statistics, Government of Madras|year=1963|location=Madras (Chennai)|url=http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/6454/1/9111_1951_STA.pdf}}

{{Proposed states and territories of India}}

[[Category:Tulu Nadu]]
[[Category:Regionalism in India]]

Mrityunjoy Banerjee (economist)

2026-04-05T18:37:14Z

DarleneSeamon8:

{{Short description|Indian politician and economist}}
[[File:Mrityunjoy_Banerjee_(born_1920).jpg|thumb|right|Mrityunjoy Banerjee]]

'''Mrityunjoy Banerjee''' was an Indian politician and economist. A prolific writer, Banerjee served three terms in the [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]] and was the Minister of Education in the state government from 1972 to 1977.

==Biography==
He was born on October 1, 1920, in [[Barijhati]] ([[Hooghly District]]).<ref name=klgu>Kanhaya Lal Gupta, ''[https://books.google.at/books?newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&id=8NggH7WlnAUC Educationists in India]''. Tradesman & Men India, 1963. p. 26</ref><ref name=who>''[https://books.google.at/books?newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&id=I78yAAAAMAAJ Who's who 1972: General Election, March 1972]''. West Bengal Legislative Assembly Secretariat, 1974. p. 5</ref> He was the son of Prasanna Kumar Banerjee.<ref name=who/>

Banerjee studied at the [[Indian Institute of Social Welfare and Business Management]].<ref name=mba>Mrityunjoy Banerjee. ''[https://books.google.at/books?id=cqmT3IMrwbQC&pg=PT3 Organization Behaviour]''. Allied Publishers, 1995, back cover</ref> He obtained a M.A. (Economics) degree from [[University of Calcutta]] in 1942, and a LL.B. degree from the University Law College in Calcutta in 1950.<ref name=klgu/><ref name=who/> He was the private secretary of the West Bengal Finance Minister [[Nalini Ranjan Sarkar]] from 1948 to 1952.<ref name=klgu/>

Banerjee worked as a lecturer at the Commerce Department at the University of Calcutta, and as a journalist.<ref name=who/> He served as secretary and president of the [[Rotary Club]] of [[Howrah]].<ref name=who/> He was a renowned economist and authored several books, such as ''The Constitution of Free India'' (1947) and ''Economic Planning for India'' (1947).<ref name=klgu/><ref name=who/><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/new-mlas-making-their-presence-felt/articleshow/9865914.cms|title=New MLAs making their presence felt|date=September 5, 2011|author=Saibal Sen}}</ref> He was a fellow of the [[Royal Economic Society]] in London, secretary of the Indian Council of Economic Affairs in Calcutta and the general secretary of the Indo-Japanese Association in Calcutta.<ref name=klgu/> He studied at the [[Joseph M. Katz Graduate School of Business|Graduate School of Business]] of the [[University of Pittsburgh]], and obtained a [[M.B.A.]] degree from there in 1959.<ref name=klgu/><ref name=mba/>

Banerjee was a member of the [[Indian National Congress]], and served as vice president of the [[West Bengal Pradesh Congress Committee]].<ref name=who/> He was elected to the [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]] in the [[1967 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1967 election]], standing as the Congress candidate in the [[Shibpur Assembly constituency|Shibpur constituency]].<ref>''[https://books.google.at/books?id=RU7VAAAAMAAJ India, a Reference Annual]''. Research and Reference Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India, 1967. p. 487</ref> Banerjee obtained 19,617 votes (37.45%).<ref>Election Commission of India. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20150626132659/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20report%20WB1967.pdf STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1967 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF WEST BENGAL]''</ref> In the subsequent [[1969 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]], Banerjee contested the [[Panchla Assembly constituency|Panchla seat]], finishing in second place with 2nd 19,601 votes (32.99%).<ref>Election Commission of India. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20150424233756/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1969/StatReport_WB_69.pdf STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1969 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF WEST BENGAL]''</ref> He won the [[Howrah Madhya Assembly constituency|Howrah Central seat]] in the [[1972 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]], receiving 25,326 votes (60.28%).<ref>Election Commission of India. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20150509004440/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1972/StatReport_WB_72.pdf STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1972 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF WEST BENGAL]''</ref>

Banerjee served as the Minister-in-charge of the Department of Education (excluding Youth Services and Sports Branches) in the West Bengal state government 1972–1977.<ref name=who/><ref name=mba/><ref>Jnanranjan Guha Thakurta, Amal C. Ghatak. ''[https://books.google.at/books?id=8rhKAAAAMAAJ The New Year Book, Vol. 30]''. S.C. Sarkar & Sons Limited, 1972. p. lxvi</ref> He lost the Howrah Central seat in the [[1977 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]], finishing in third place with 10,717 votes (22.18%).<ref>Election Commission of India. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20150508193039/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReportWestBengal77.pdf STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1977 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF WEST BENGAL]''</ref>

Banerjee returned to the West Bengal Legislative Assembly in the [[1987 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|1987 election]], being elected from the [[Howrah Dakshin Assembly constituency|Howrah South constituency]] with 41,139 votes (51.96%).<ref>Election Commission of India. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20150425012516/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1987/StatisticalReportWestBengal87.pdf STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1987 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF WEST BENGAL]''</ref> He lost the Howrah South seat in the [[1991 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]], finishing in second place with 33,381 votes (40.58%).<ref>Election Commission of India. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20150509064425/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1991/StatisticalReport-West%20Bengal91.pdf STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1991 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF WEST BENGAL]''</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Banerjee, Mrityunjoy}}
[[Category:1920 births]]
[[Category:State cabinet ministers of West Bengal]]
[[Category:West Bengal MLAs 1967–1969]]
[[Category:West Bengal MLAs 1972–1977]]
[[Category:West Bengal MLAs 1987–1991]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from West Bengal]]
[[Category:People from Howrah district]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:University of Pittsburgh alumni]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian economists]]
[[Category:Living people]]

Mind Mera Mind

2026-04-05T06:52:26Z

DarleneSeamon8: created new data.

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Mind Mera Mind
| image =
| caption =
| director = Harsh Agarwal
| story =
| producer = Neeraj Churi (Lotus Visual)
| starring = Raghav Sharma, Harshini Misra, Karan Sonic, Shaurya Shah, Saamir Gupta, Jagriti Pandey, Naman Kapoor, Gautam Arora
| cinematography =
| editing =
| music =
| studio = Lotus Visual
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|2021}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = [[Hindi]]
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Mind Mera Mind''''' is an Indian film depicting how the [[LGBT|LGBTQ]]+ community deal with mental health issues in India. Written and directed by Harsh Agarwal, the film was launched on [[World Mental Health Day|World Mental health Day]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Real to reel |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2021/oct/21/real-to-reel-2373713.html |access-date=2022-01-01 |website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-02 |title=5 LGBTQ+ Films to Watch |url=https://english.sakshi.com/news/entertainment/5-lgbtq-films-watch-147492 |access-date=2022-01-01 |website=Sakshi Post |language=en}}</ref> The film uses caricatures of various mental health issues and personifies them and shows how they engage with Prateek (protagonist) that is played by Raghav Sharma.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Sadhwani|first=Garima|date=2021-10-10|title=Exploring the 'Queerness' of mental health through cinema|url=https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/india/exploring-the-queerness-of-mental-health-through-cinema|access-date=2022-01-01|website=National Herald|language=en}}</ref> Mind Mera Mind partnered with [[Grindr]] for reaching out to the gay and bisexual community in the country.<ref name=":0" /> Agarwal's other work include his book [[Nazaqat]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-19 |title='Nazaqat' book review: Worth making a movie about {{!}} News {{!}} Zee News |url=https://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/bookworm/book-review/-nazaqat-book-review-worth-making-a-movie-about_3323.htm |access-date=2022-10-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220519232150/https://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/bookworm/book-review/-nazaqat-book-review-worth-making-a-movie-about_3323.htm |archive-date=19 May 2022 }}</ref>

== Cast ==

* Raghav Sharma (Prateek)<ref name=":1" />
* Harshini Misra (Anxiety Aunty)<ref name=":0" />
* Karan Sonic (Insomnia)
* Shaurya Shah (Self-doubt)
* Saamir Gupta (Vijay)
* Jagriti Pandey (Loneliness)
* Naman Kapoor ([[Toxic masculinity|Toxic Masculinity]])
* Gautam Arora (Depression Bhaiya)
* Pew Banerjee (Therapist & Assistant Director of the film<ref>{{Cite web|title=1. Mind Mera Mind (2021)|url=https://www.india.com/photos/entertainment/best-mental-health-movies-that-ask-right-questions-on-depression-anxiety-and-other-disorders-226773/|access-date=2022-01-01|website=www.india.com|language=en}}</ref>

== Reviews and reception ==
[[Gaysi]] published about the film, "Self-doubt, Anxiety Aunty, and Depression Bhaiya are all well fleshed out characters who have a distinct personality of their own. While this comical tone of the film may suit viewers that are at an earlier stage of understanding mental health issues, to a seasoned viewer, it may seem like the seriousness of the topic is brushed off. ‘Mind Mera Mind’ could afford to be a little more nuanced, but it is a film that is entertaining and instrumental in starting conversations around the mental health of the LGBTQ+ community."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mind Mera Mind: A Short Film That Aims To Raise Awareness About Mental Health Issues |url=https://gaysifamily.com/culture/mind-mera-mind-a-short-film-that-aims-to-raise-awareness-about-mental-health-issues/ |access-date=2022-01-01 |website=Gaysi |language=en-US}}</ref>

Nitin Yadav at [[Jagran Prakashan Limited|Jagran]] also wrote a review of the film and gave mixed reviews, "The special thing about the film is that it brings a wide variety of aspects in such sort time. It also explains that someone going through mental health issues might not be visibly ill. However, if there was more time. all characters could come out better. For example, characters like loneliness that can lead to mental health issues get very less time in the film"<ref>{{Cite web |title=संवेदनशील मुद्दे को सार्थक तरीके से दिखाती है शॉर्ट फिल्म 'माइंड मेरा माइंड' |url=https://www.jagran.com/entertainment/bollywood-short-film-mind-mera-mind-shows-sensitive-issue-in-a-meaningful-way-22187725.html |access-date=2022-01-01 |website=Dainik Jagran |language=hi}}</ref>
Sonal Verma at [[News 24 (Indian TV channel)|News24]] wrote, "The large ensemble of actors for a short film doesn’t disappoint and each actor leaves a mark, even if they appear for a single scene. Mind Mera Mind does a great job in delivering the message that it’s important to reach out for help and there is a possibility to get better. The film carries a disclaimer that it’s a representational film and therapy (as shown in the film) might not be the only way to help with mental health, but it could have done a better job to carry that message boldly and still run a risk of showing therapy as a magical process to heal people."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bhadouriya |first=Nishank |date=2022-08-25 |title=Mind Mera Mind - a film on mental health by Lotus Visual Productions focussing on Gay community |url=https://news24online.com/world/mind-mera-mind-a-film-on-mental-health-by-lotus-visual-productions-focussing-on-gay-community/17873/ |access-date=2022-10-08 |website=News24 English |language=en-US}}</ref>

[[Navodaya Times]] wrote, "The characters of the film familiar and maybe that is the reason that the film touches the heart of the audience. The way this film portrays the difficult topic of mental health with such ease, is important and should be appreciated. After repealing of [[section 377]], the gay community still suffers from many problems and this film gives a voice and stage to the people."<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-12-15 |title=समलैंगिक समुदाय द्वारा सामना किए जाने वाले मानसिक मुद्दों के इर्द-गिर्द घूमती माइंड मेरा माइंड |url=https://www.navodayatimes.in/news/filmi-duniya/mind-mera-mind-revolves-around-the-mental-issues-faced-by-the-gay-community/184365/ |access-date=2022-01-01 |website=www.navodayatimes.in |language=hindi}}</ref>

Anwesh Banerjee at [[Love Matters (program)|Love Matters]] appreciated the film for the "curious reimagining" but at the same time, criticized the film for the background music, referring to it as a "distracting element".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Unpacking the Mind - A movie review |url=https://lovematters.in/en/love-and-relationships/unpacking-the-mind-a-movie-review |access-date=2022-05-08 |website=Love Matters |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Indian LGBTQ-related films]]
[[Category:Gay-related films]]
[[Category:Films about mental health]]
[[Category:2021 LGBTQ-related films]]
[[Category:2021 films]]
[[Category:2021 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:2021 Indian films]]

Kalmyk Project

2026-04-01T17:45:22Z

DarleneSeamon8: added new page.

{{Short description|Soviet plan to attack British India (1919–1920)}}
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Kalmyk Project
| partof = Soviet anti-imperialist strategy in Asia
| image = Cherbatskoy.jpg
| image_size = 250px
| caption = [[Fyodor Shcherbatskoy]], under whom the [[People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs]] proposed to send a "scientific expedition" to [[Tibet]]
| date = 1919–1920
| place = Central Asia, Tibet, North-West Frontier Province (British India)
| result = Abandoned due to logistical challenges and the Czechoslovak uprising
| combatant1 = [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]]
| combatant2 = [[British Empire]]
| commander1 = N. Z. Bravin, [[Leon Trotsky]], [[Fyodor Shcherbatskoy]], [[Raja Mahendra Pratap]]
| commander2 = [[Frederick Marshman Bailey|F. M. Bailey]] (British intelligence)
| strength1 = Proposed: ~40,000 cavalry (unrealized)
| strength2 = Unknown
| notes = Included plans to foment unrest via Himalayan buffer states and Buddhist Kalmyks
}}
The '''Kalmyk Project''' was the name given to Soviet plans to launch a surprise attack on the [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–2010)|North-West Frontier Province]] of [[British India]] via [[Tibet]] and other Himalayan [[buffer state]]s in 1919–1920. It was a part of Soviet plans to destabilise the [[British Empire]] and other Western European imperial powers by unrest in [[South Asia]]. British Indian intelligence sent agents, such as [[Frederick Marshman Bailey|F. M. Bailey]], to [[Soviet Central Asia|Central Asia]] to trace the early [[Bolshevik]] designs on India.

[[Soviet Russia]] intended to nurture political upheaval in British India in its strategy against British imperialism. In 1919, it sent a diplomatic mission headed by the [[Oriental studies|orientalist]] N. Z. Bravin. That was while Afghanistan had seen a ''coup d'état'', which placed the young Prince [[Amanullah Khan]] in power and precipitated the [[Third Anglo-Afghan War]]. Bravin proposed to Amanullah a military alliance against British India and a campaign for which [[Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Soviet Turkestan]] would bear the costs.<ref name=Andreyev83/> The negotiations, however, failed to reach concrete conclusions, and the Soviet advances were also detected by British Indian intelligence. Among other works, the Bravin expedition established links at [[Herat Province|Herat]] with the Austrian and German remnants of the [[Niedermayer–Hentig Expedition]] and liaised with the Indian revolutionaries of the [[Provisional Government of India]] in [[Kabul]].<ref name=Andreyev83>{{Harvnb|Andreyev|2003|p=83}}</ref><ref name=Andreyev86>{{Harvnb|Andreyev|2003|p=86}}</ref>

A later plan considered by the Soviets had the raising a force of nearly 40,000 cavalry troops from Turkestan or the Urals and advance to India through Afghanistan, with help from Afghan tribes that rallied against Amanullah.<ref name=Andreyev87>{{Harvnb|Andreyev|2003|p=87}}</ref> [[Leon Trotsky]], then head of the [[Revolutionary Military Council|RMC]] of the [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|RSFSR]], was a proponent of this version of the plan.<ref name="Andreyev87" /> However, the plans presented their own problems. Other routes to India that were explored included plans to foment unrest in Tibet and the Himalayan buffer states of [[Bhutan]], [[Sikkim]], [[Nepal]], [[Thailand]] and [[British rule in Burma|Burma]] through the Buddhist [[Kalmyk people|Kalmyks]] and to use the places as a staging ground for revolution in India and the shortest route to Bengal, which was the centre of the revolutionary movement in India.<ref name=Andreyev88>{{Harvnb|Andreyev|2003|p=88}}</ref> That was to proceed under the cover of a scientific expedition under the Indologist [[Fyodor Shcherbatskoy]], and it would arm the indigenous people in the North-East Frontier with modern weaponry before a regular supply could be arranged.<ref name=Andreyev91>{{Harvnb|Andreyev|2003|p=91}}</ref> The Kalmyk project may have been the brainchild of [[Raja Mahendra Pratap]], who had led the [[Niedermayer-Hentig Expedition]] into Afghanistan in 1915 and later established the nationalist [[Provisional Government of India]] at Kabul in December that year. Pratap liaised with the Nascent Bolshevik Government and the Kaiser after 1917 to explore the scopes of a joint Soviet-German invasion of India through Afghanistan. The most notable meeting was Pratap's audience with [[Lenin]], which was arranged by the [[People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs]] in 1919, when he met him with a group of Indian revolutionaries from the [[Berlin Committee]].<ref name=Andreyev96/> The project had the approval of Lenin.<ref name=Andreyev92>{{Harvnb|Andreyev|2003|p=92}}</ref> Pratap had a strong obsession with Tibet and had made efforts as early as 1916 to penetrate into the Himalayan Kingdom to cultivate [[anti-British]] propaganda. His efforts were resumed after his return from Moscow in 1919. He was close to [[Fyodor Shcherbatskoy]] and [[Sergey Oldenburg]], intended to participate in the People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs planned expeditions to Tibet in summer 1919, and was privy to its designs for the region.<ref name=Andreyev96>{{Harvnb|Andreyev|2003|p=96}}</ref>

However, the project was ultimately curtailed after the [[Revolt of the Czechoslovak Legion|Czechoslovak uprising]] in the [[Trans-Siberian Railway]]. Pratap himself set out alone unsuccessfully to pursue his goal in Tibet.<ref name=Andreyev97>{{Harvnb|Andreyev|2003|p=97}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== Literature ==
*{{Citation
| last = Andreyev
| first = Alexandre
| year = 2003
| title = Soviet Russia and Tibet: The Debacle of Secret Diplomacy, 1918–1930s
| publisher = Brill
| ISBN = 90-04-12952-9
}}.

[[Category:1919 in British India]]
[[Category:Foreign policy doctrines]]
[[Category:1919 in international relations]]
[[Category:1920 in international relations]]
[[Category:Foreign relations of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:India–Soviet Union relations]]
[[Category:Soviet Union–United Kingdom relations]]
[[Category:Cancelled or proposed Russian and Soviet invasions of British India]]
[[Category:1920 in British India]]
[[Category:Indian independence movement]]

Arjuna Phalguna

2026-03-31T12:10:00Z

DarleneSeamon8: new

{{Short description|2021 Indian action film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2021}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Arjuna Phalguna
| image = Arjuna_Phalguna.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = Teja Marni
| producer = [[S. Niranjan Reddy|Niranjan Reddy]] Anvesh Reddy
| writer = Teja Marni
| starring = {{plainlist|
*[[Sree Vishnu]]
*[[Amritha Aiyer]]
}}
| music = Priyadarshan Balasubramanian, Gaurav Pareek
| cinematography = Jagadeesh Cheekati
| editing = Viplav Nyshadam
| studio = Matinee Entertainment
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2021|12|31}}
| runtime = 125 minutes{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}}
| country = India
| language = Telugu
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Arjuna Phalguna''''' is a 2021 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[crime comedy]] film written and directed by Teja Marni. It is produced by Matinee Entertainment, the film stars [[Sree Vishnu]] and [[Amritha Aiyer]] in the lead roles. It follows a group of friends from a rural village who become unintentionally involved in cannabis smuggling and subsequently confront systemic corruption.<ref name="hin" /> The film was released theatrically on 31 December 2021.

==Plot==
In a small village in East Godavari, a pose of five friends, Arjun, Ram Babu, Thadodu, Oscar and Shravani are close knit and share everything.

The main lead Arjun is a [[Jr NTR]] fan. He prefers to stay in his native village and work for less money than going to big cities and earnings. He stays with his parents and helps his father run his dairy business.

One day, their Village bank tries to seize Thadodu's house, and on request of their Village President, who is also a private lender, the bank manager gives some more time. But the manager asks a bribe to manage the situation, and then Arjun was forced to give away his favorite cow as the guarantee to the president by lending money of Rs.50,000 to give a bribe.

Arjun, having good expertise in making a perfect soda, later decides to start his own soda business with his friends and applies for a loan, but the bank manager asks Rs.50,000 as his commission for getting them a personal loan.

Arjun and his friends get the offer from their childhood rival Vamsi now a rural [[Croupier]] to earn the required money to free the house as well as the money required for the bribe by transferring [[Cannabis]]. Though reluctant at first, they agree to the terms because of their dire needs.

The transfer does not go well and a corrupt but appears as a strict police officer. Subba Raju "Subbu" chases them. However, Arjun and his gang successfully escaped from his clutches with the unexpected help of Sravani. Finally, they reached Andhra-Orissa Border to transfer the cannabis but they learned that the bags had been swapped with Subbu in the chase, which found the money worth Rs.50 lakhs. Then the gang tries to steal the amount from them, and a fight ensues, and with a hard struggle, they escape to Vizag. There, they caught again the Cops who were Subbu's loyalists and the smugglers gang. But Arjun acts smart by fooling them as showing an opposite member to each other and escapes to their Village. After knowing the facts, Subbu teams up with the smugglers and becomes headbound to catch Arjun and his friends.

After reaching their village, they hid the bag in a haystack and started to wait for their chance to give the money. Meanwhile, they learned that the [[Sarpanch]]'s daughter Sunita is going to marry Subbu, so they decided not to go in front of him. Later, the bank manager came to seize Thadodu's house by saying the given time has end. Then Arjun went to take the money but to their shock the haystack was burned in front of them and entire money has been burned. All hopes have left the gang decided to do work in the city. One last time Arjun meets his favourite cow secretly their he sees the real face of Sarpanch. It is revealed that the Bank manager is the partner in crime of the Sarpanch who decided to grab the villagers lands by getting cheaply. By making them believe the villagers as a good man he lends the loan with a low interest rates to the villagers for paying the bank loans whenever they cannot pay the installment. At the same time he made a deal with manager that he will buy the seized lands cheaply from the bank who privately gives some commission to the manager to get hold off. Sarpanch knows well that the poor farmers like Thadodu can't pay their loan back it is easy to grab such properties from them and started their scam.

After knowing the facts Arjun threatens the Sarpanch to reveal his real face to the village then no option left Sarpanch comes to bargain on thinking that his son-in-law is very strict if the facts were known to him it will become a problem to his family prestige. Then Arjun bargains the lands who grabbed by him need to give back to villagers. The Sarpanch obeys to give back except Thadodu's home because he reveals that he had given that property to Subbu as a dowry. Then Arjun first time faces Subbu threatens by showing his secret video who got along with the money in the chase and kept for himself to protect themselves. Subbu intentions reveals to their chase that actually Subbu organizing an Animal trade by joining hands with the forest welfare minister of the state. A journalist who records all his activities and demands ransom to him but he was caught and arrested in a cheating case by Subbu. Unfortunately the facts and money were swapped with the Cannabis bag. Then no option left Subbu comes to Arjun knees to bargain on thinking of that his father-in-law is a sincere man. Then Arjun orders to give Thadodu's land as a gentle way. Then as per the plan ends well. Later in a news headline Arjun learns that the Subbu arrested Vamsi for exchanging the fake notes and is promoted. It reveals that the amount is filled with fake notes when Arjun hiding the bag Vamsi sees it and thefts the entire money and burns the haystack.

The film ends on a happy note with friends discussing the upcoming ''[[RRR]]''.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[Sree Vishnu]] as Arjuna
* [[Amritha Aiyer]] as Sravani
* [[Naresh (actor)|Naresh]] as Village Sarpanch
* [[Sivaji Raja]] as Arjuna's father
* [[Subbaraju]] as DFO Subbaraju
* Devi Prasad as Thadodu's father
* [[Kalpa Latha]] as Thadodu's mother
* Rangasthalam Mahesh as Thadodu
* Dayanand Reddy
* Gaurav Pareek
* Chaitanya Garikipati as Oscar
* [[Rajkumar Kasireddy]] as Rambabu
}}

== Soundtrack ==
The soundtrack album features eight songs.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 December 2021 |title=Arjuna Phalguna Jukebox |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SnktTaUuULk|access-date=31 December 2021 |website=[[YouTube]]}}</ref>
{{tracklist
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title5 = Raave Raave
| note8 = [[Instrumental]]
| note7 = [[Instrumental]]
| title8 = Villan’s Chaos
| title7 = Beat of Arjuna
| extra6 = Shivam
| title6 = Hara Hara Mahadev
| note2 = Additional vocals: Aravind Murali
| headline =
| all_writing = Chaitanya Prasad
| length5 =
| extra5 = DeepaK Blue, [[Amala Chebolu]]
| extra4 = Asal Kolaar, Priyadarshan Balasubramanian
| total_length = 19:30
| length4 =
| title4 = Fast Fast Vadiley
| length3 =
| extra3 = Shashwat Singh, Shreya Iyer
| title3 = Oka Theeyani Maatatho
| length2 =
| extra2 = [[Mohana Bhogaraju]]
| title2 = Kaapadeva Raapadeva
| length1 =
| extra1 = [[Amala Chebolu]], Aravind Murali
| title1 = Godari Valle Sandhamama
| all_music = Priyadarshan Balasubramanian
}}

==Release==
===Theatrical===
The film was released on 31 December 2021, [[New Year's Eve]].{{cn|date=March 2026}}

===Home media===
The film began streaming on [[Aha (streaming service)|Aha]] on 26 January 2022.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://english.sakshi.com/news/tollywood/arjuna-phalguna-ott-release-date-confirmed-149802|title=Arjuna Phalguna OTT Release Date Confirmed|website=Sakshi.com}}</ref>

== Reception ==
Y. Sunitha Chowdhary of ''[[The Hindu]]'' appreciated Vishnu's performance but opined the film was let down by a weak story. "With no chemistry between the lead pair, hardly any emotional heft, a comedy that falls flat and cinematography that doesn't impress, the film is not engaging," Chowdhary added.<ref name="hin">{{Cite news|last=Chowdhary|first=Y. Sunita|date=2021-12-31|title='Arjuna Phalguna': Let down by a weak story|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/reviews/arjuna-phalguna-let-down-by-a-weak-story/article38079548.ece|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> [[Sakshi (newspaper)|''Sakshi'']] critic Anji Shetty who rated the film 2/5 stars also felt the same. Shetty criticized the film's poor direction and routine storyline.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shetty|first=Anji|date=2021-12-31|title='అర్జున ఫల్గుణ' మూవీ రివ్యూ|url=https://www.sakshi.com/telugu-news/movies/arjuna-phalguna-movie-review-and-rating-telugu-1423888|url-status=live|website=Sakshi|language=te|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231083554/https://www.sakshi.com/telugu-news/movies/arjuna-phalguna-movie-review-and-rating-telugu-1423888 |archive-date=31 December 2021 }}</ref> Siddartha Toleti of Mirchi9 rated the film 1.75 stars of 5 and criticised the Direction, Screenplay, Weak Story, Overdramatic and Logic less scenes Sequences but praised Some Emotional Moments. "Clueless Direction" Toleti added.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-31|title=Arjuna Phalguna Review – Clueless Direction |url=https://www.mirchi9.com/reviews/arjuna-phalguna-movie-review/|url-status=live|website=mirchi9.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230232006/https://www.mirchi9.com/reviews/arjuna-phalguna-movie-review/ |archive-date=30 December 2021 }}</ref>

A reviewer from ''[[Eenadu]]'' compared the film with warrior [[Arjuna]] who was trapped in [[Padmavyuha]] owing to its weak screenplay and lackluster climax.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-31|title=Arjuna Phalguna Review:రివ్యూ: అర్జున ఫల్గుణ|url=https://www.eenadu.net/cinema/latestnews/telugu-news-sri-vishnu-starrer-arjuna-phalguna-review-out-now/0201/121267778|url-status=live|access-date=|website=Eenadu|language=te|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231092331/https://www.eenadu.net/cinema/latestnews/telugu-news-sri-vishnu-starrer-arjuna-phalguna-review-out-now/0201/121267778 |archive-date=31 December 2021 }}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|id=tt14072690|title=Arjuna Phalguna}}

[[Category:2021 films]]
[[Category:2021 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:2021 Indian films]]
[[Category:Films set in Konaseema]]
[[Category:Films shot in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Films set in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Films set in Visakhapatnam]]
[[Category:Films shot in Visakhapatnam]]
[[Category:Indian crime comedy films]]
[[Category:2021 crime comedy films]]

James Singh Lukram

2026-03-23T21:35:54Z

DarleneSeamon8:

{{short description|Indian footballer (born 1981)}}
{{Western name order|Lukram James Singh}}
{{Meitei name|Lukram|James|Singh}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2016}}
{{Infobox football biography
| name = James Singh
| image = James singh.jpg
| image_size =
| fullname = James Singh Lukram
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1981|3|1}}
| birth_place = [[Imphal]], [[Manipur]], India
| currentclub =
| clubnumber =
| height = {{height|m=1.70}}
| position = [[Winger (association football)|Winger]]
| youthyears1 = 1996–1998
| youthclubs1 = [[Tata Football Academy|Tata FA]]
| years1 = 1998–1999
| years2 = 1999–2002
| years3 = 2002–2003
| years4 = 2003–2004
| years5 = 2004–2005
| years6 = 2005–2007
| years7= 2007–2010
| years8 = 2010–2011
| years9 = 2011–2013
| years10 = 2013
| clubs1 = [[Bengal Mumbai FC|Bengal Mumbai]]
| clubs2 = [[Mohun Bagan]]
| clubs3 = ITI Limited
| clubs4 = [[Mahindra United]]
| clubs5 = [[Indian Bank Recreational Club|Indian Bank]]
| clubs6 = [[Mahindra United]]
| clubs7 = [[Mohun Bagan]]
| clubs8 = [[Salgaocar F.C.|Salgaocar]]
| clubs9 = [[United S.C.|Prayag United]]
| clubs10 = → [[United Sikkim]] (loan)
| nationalyears1 = 2003–2006
| nationalteam1 = [[India national football team|India]]
| nationalcaps1 = 28
| nationalgoals1 = 3
| pcupdate =
| ntupdate =
}}
'''James Singh Lukram''' ({{langx|mni|Lukram James Singh}}, born 1 March 1981) is an Indian former [[Association football|footballer]] who played as a [[Winger (association football)|winger]] for the [[India national football team]].

==International career==
Singh made his international debut for [[India national football team|India national team]] on 16 October 2003, against [[Thailand national football team|Thailand]] in a friendly match. Between 2003 and 2006, he has appeared in 28 matches for his country, scoring 3 goals.

==Honours==

'''India'''
*[[SAFF Championship]]: [[2005 SAFF Gold Cup|2005]]

'''Manipur'''
*[[Santosh Trophy]]: [[2002–03 Santosh Trophy|2002–03]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Manipur is champion |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-sports/manipur-is-champion/article27879272.ece |access-date=28 April 2022 |website=The Hindu |last=Das Sharma |first=Amitabha |date=6 November 2002 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{NFT player|pid=3120}}
* [http://www.goal.com/en-india/people/india/21517/lukram-james-singh Profile] at Goal.com
* {{soccerway|james-lukram-singh/72573}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Singh, James Lukram}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1981 births]]
[[Category:Indian men's footballers]]
[[Category:India men's international footballers]]
[[Category:Footballers from Imphal]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian sportsmen]]
[[Category:I-League players]]
[[Category:Mohun Bagan Super Giant players]]
[[Category:Mahindra United FC players]]
[[Category:Salgaocar FC players]]
[[Category:United SC players]]
[[Category:United Sikkim FC players]]
[[Category:Bengal Mumbai FC players]]
[[Category:Men's association football wingers]]

{{India-footy-midfielder-stub}}

Fenia (food)

2026-03-14T20:19:53Z

DarleneSeamon8: expand details and improved wording after review

#REDIRECT [[Pheni]]
{{Rcat shell|
{{R from move}}
}}

Preethi Geethi Ityaadi

2026-03-03T21:31:43Z

DarleneSeamon8: made first data from scratch

{{Short description|2014 Kannada film}}
{{No plot|date=February 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Preethi Geethi Ityaadi
| image =
| caption =
| director = Veerendra Mallanna
| producer = Vijaykumar Mangsule
| writer = Yogaraj Bhat
| screenplay =
| story =
| starring = {{Plainlist|
*[[Pawan Wadeyar]]
*[[Sangeetha Bhat]]
}}
| narrator =
| music = Veer Samarth
| cinematography = Bhaskar Reddy
| editing = Suresh S A
| studio = Fantasy Screens Entertainment Pvt Ltd Yogaraj Movies
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2014|06|13}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Kannada
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Preethi Geethi Ityaadi''''' is a 2014 Indian [[Kannada]]-language film directed by Veerendra Mallanna, starring [[Pawan Wadeyar]] and [[Sangeetha Bhat]] in the lead roles.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/decoding-preethi-geethi-and-ityaadi/articleshow/36468115.cms|title=Decoding preethi, geethi and ityaadi|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=13 June 2014 |access-date=13 June 2014}}</ref>

==Cast==

* [[Pawan Wadeyar]]
* [[Sangeetha Bhat]] as Nandita
* [[Rangayana Raghu]]
* [[Vinaya Prasad]]
* [[Nabha Natesh]] in a cameo appearance

==Music==

{{Infobox album
| name = Preethi Geethi Ityaadi
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = Veer Samarth
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 2014
| recorded = 2014
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = 23:06
| language = Kannada
| label =
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year = 2013
| year = 2015
| next_title =
| next_year = 2014
| misc = {{external music video| header = Official audio
|{{YouTube|MrCJP8GAkVI| Preethi Geethi Ityaadi - Full Album}}
}}
}}

{{Track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 23:06
| title1 = Enella Aaguvudu
| extra1 = [[Sonu Nigam]]
| length1 = 4:24
| title2 = Preethi Geethi
| extra2 = Apoorva Sridhar
| length2 = 2:55
| title3 = Maatillade
| extra3 = Veer Samarth
| length3 = 5:41
| title4 = Eledu Bitta
| extra4 =[[Rahul Nambiar]]
| length4 = 3:03
| title5 = Enella Aaguvudu (Female)
| extra5 = Apoorva Sridhar
| length5 = 4:29
| title6 = Tiruboki Takataka
| extra6 =[[Tippu (singer)|Tippu]]
| length6 = 4:08
}}

== Reception ==
=== Critical response ===

Shyam Prasad S of the ''[[Bangalore Mirror]]'' wrote "The film promises a lot, but does not deliver. The plot may be old, but if you want to check how the new brigade of Sandalwood is shaping up, Preeti Geethi Ityadi could be the perfect stop".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/reviews/pavan-wadeyar-sangeetha-bhat-rangayana-raghu-vinaya-prakash/articleshow/36501144.cms|title=Movie review: Preeti geethi ityadi|work=[[Bangalore Mirror]]|access-date=13 June 2014}}</ref> ''[[Deccan Chronicle]]'' scored the film at 1 out of 2 stars and says "Pavan's entry in her life gives her a glimmer of hope and falls in love. With guilt conscious pricking Pavan, he finally tells the truth to Nandini's mother. Fearing rejection, Pavan distances from Nandini. The two good numbers scored by Veer Samarth including the popular tirboki takataka are the few saving grace for the movie. Will the accidental love meets the fatal end, watch it with caution!"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140613/entertainment-movie-review/article/movie-review-preethi-geethi-ityaadi-accident-love-and-et|title=Movie review 'Preethi Geethi Ityaadi': Accident, love and et cetera|work=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|date=14 June 2014 |access-date=14 June 2014}}</ref> [[Sify]] wrote "Pavan has tried his best in acting and needs lot of improvisation especially while doing emotional scenes. Vinaya Prasad and other?s roles crafted nicely and are executed well. Yogaraj Bhat and Jayanth Kaikini's lyrics and Veer Samarth?s music are worth listening to. Over all it is a movie worth watching once if you are a movie buff!"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sify.com/movies/preeti-geethi-ityadi-review-kannada-pcmbsyehihdbj.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125024642/https://www.sify.com/movies/preeti-geethi-ityadi-review-kannada-pcmbsyehihdbj.html|archive-date=25 January 2022|title=Review - Preeti Geethi Ityadi|work=[[Sify]]|access-date=16 June 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> A Shardhha of ''[[The New Indian Express]]'' wrote "This could have been a much better film with more attention to detail. Verdict: Minimal dialogues, spatial disorientation and an overdone story does not make for an unconventional film".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2014/Jun/14/it%E2%80%99s-hard-to-sit-through-preethi-geethi-ityadi-624554.html|title=It's Hard to Sit Through Preethi Geethi Ityadi|work=[[New Indian Express]]|access-date=14 June 2014}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|12087846}}

[[Category:2014 romantic drama films]]
[[Category:2014 Kannada-language films]]
[[Category:2014 Indian films]]
[[Category:2014 films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic drama films]]
[[Category:Kannada-language romantic drama films]]

Oru Abhibhashakante Case Diary

2026-03-03T21:20:40Z

DarleneSeamon8: fixed layout as per guidelines and added references for consistency

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2015}}
{{more citations needed|date=May 2016}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Oru Abhibhashakante Case Diary
| image = Oru Abhibhashakante Case Diary.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Poster
| director = [[K. Madhu]]
| producer = [[Manjalamkuzhi Ali]]
| writer = [[S. N. Swamy]]
| narrator =
| starring = [[Mammootty]] [[Vijayaraghavan (actor)|Vijayaraghavan]] [[Rajan P. Dev]] [[Jagathy Sreekumar]] [[Heera Rajagopal]] [[Maathu]]
| music =
{{Plainlist|
*'''Songs:''' [[Raveendran]]
*'''Score:''' Rajamani}}
| cinematography = Rasheed Mooppan
| editing = V. P. Krishnan
| studio =
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|1995}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Malayalam
| budget = 
| gross = 
}}

'''''Oru Abhibhashakante Case Diary''''' ({{Translation|The Case Diary of a Lawyer}}) is a 1995 Indian [[Malayalam]]-language [[mystery film|mystery]] [[legal drama]] film directed by [[K. Madhu]] and written by [[S. N. Swamy]].The film stars [[Mammootty]], [[Heera Rajagopal]], [[Jagathy Sreekumar]], [[Vijayaraghavan (actor)|Vijayaraghavan]], [[Rajan P. Dev]] and [[Narendra Prasad]]. The plot is about a lawyer, seeking justice for an innocent man accused of raping and murdering a teenage girl. The film has soundtrack composed by [[Raveendran]] while the background music is scored by Rajamani.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/5-movies-of-director-k-madhu-you-should-watch-before-mammoottys-cbi-5-the-brain/photostory/90928146.cms | title=5 Movies of director K Madhu you should watch before 'Mammootty's 'CBI 5: The Brain' | website=[[The Times of India]] | date=19 April 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.filmibeat.com/malayalam/news/2017/these-superhit-mammootty-movies-didn-t-feature-an-actress-paired-opposite-the-star-263408.html | title=These Superhit Mammootty Movies Didn't Feature an Actress Paired Opposite the Star! | date=16 June 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.filmibeat.com/malayalam/news/2016/puthiya-niyamam-special-mammootty-lawyer-roles-215439.html | title=Puthiya Niyamam Special: Mammootty's Lawyer Roles | date=11 February 2016 }}</ref>

== Plot ==

A young servant girl is raped, murdered and her body is dumped in a pond. The police accuse Unni Thampuran of murder and arrest him. Following torture methods, a confession is extracted from Unni Thamburan and the case is ready to be presented at the court.

Aniyan Kuruvilla, the public prosecutor, discovers flaws in the investigation and declines to fight. Convinced about Unni Thampuran's innocence, he switches sides and decides to fight for him. The prosecution hires a bent and a crooked lawyer Jagatheesh T. Nambiar and through a barrage of false witnesses and doctored testimonies, Unni Thampuran is found guilty and sentenced to life imprisonment.

Aniyan Kuruvilla, though beaten, doesn't lose hope and starts a private investigation of his own and discovers that a group of spoilt boys, Reji and his friends are responsible for the brutal murder. Incidentally, they also meet another woman who was raped by the trio. Reji is the son of a very powerful and influential woman, Accama.

Aniyan Kuruvilla reopens the case in court. Nambiar asks the court to dismiss the reopening as such move is very rare. He produces proof that the accused were in Palakkad attending a wedding and couldn't reach the spot of rape on the time as mentioned in the case file. Aniyan Kuruvila successfully proves the alibi as forged and thus helps to serve justice.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
*[[Mammootty]] as Adv. Kuruvila Aniyan Kuruvila / Aniyan Kunju
*[[Jagathy Sreekumar]] as Mani Kunju / Mani Kuruvila, Aniyan Kuruvila's Brother
*[[Heera Rajagopal]] as Indu
*[[Vijayaraghavan]] as SI Balan
*[[Maniyanpilla Raju]] as Unni Thampuran, Indu's Brother
*[[Rajan P. Dev]] as SP Sugunapalan
*[[Narendra Prasad]] as Adv. Jagadish T. Nambiar
*[[Oduvil Unnikrishnan]] as Adv. Ramavarma Thampuran, Unni and Indu's Uncle
*[[Kaveri (actress)|Kaveri]] as Seetha
*[[Maathu]] as Shalini
*[[V. K. Sreeraman]] as CI Rajan
*[[Sadiq (Indian actor)|Sadiq]] as DYSP Wilson
*[[Madhupal]] as Reji
*[[Mala Aravindan]] as Kuttan, Aniyan Kuruvila's Driver and Helper
*[[Augustine (actor)|Augustine]] as Bahuleyan
*[[Adoor Bhavani]] as Annamma and Deenamma (Double Role)
*P. C. George as Ittichan
*[[Bindu Panicker]] as Bindu, Shalini's Sister
*[[T. P. Madhavan]] as Pothuval
*T. S. Krishnan as Shaji, Reji's Friend
*[[Ravi Menon]] as Mathukutty
*[[Asha Sachdev]] as Akkamma, Reji's Mother
*[[Santhosh (actor)|Santhosh]] as Chacko, Akkamma's Assistant and Henchman
*[[Kozhikode Narayanan Nair]]
*[[Santha Devi]] as Naniyamma
*Vikraman Nair as Judge
*Pavithran as Fancy Shop Owner
*Dr. Jayan as SI Sabu
*Thrissur Elsy as Seetha's Mother
*Vinod Kozhikode as Akkamma's Assistant and Henchman
}}

==Soundtrack==
{{Infobox album
| name = Oru Abhibhashakante Case Diary: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
| type = Soundtrack
| longtype = to Oru Abhibhashakante Case Diary
| artist = [[Raveendran]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 13 April 1995 {{flagicon|India}}
| recorded = 1995
| venue = Cochin
| studio = Prasad Dubbing Theatre
| genre = [[Film soundtrack|Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = 08:05
| language = [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]]
| label = [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]]
| producer = [[Raveendran]]
| prev_title = [[Mazhayethum Munpe]]
| prev_year = 1995
| next_title = April 19 (film)
| next_year = 1996
| misc =
{{External media
| audio1 = {{YouTube|VKeOlQAFpLM|Audio Jukebox}}}}
{{Singles
| name = Oru Abhibhashakante Case Diary
| type = Soundtrack
| single1 = Kanikkonnakal
| single1date = 13 April 1995
| single2 = Mazhapeythu Maanam
| single2date = 13 April 1995
}}
}}

The soundtrack was composed by '''[[Raveendran|Raveendran Master]]''' whilst the original background music is scored by Rajamani.It features two tracks which were sung by [[K. J. Yesudas|Dr. K. J. Yesudas]] and [[Sujatha Mohan]]. Both of the songs were written by [[Shibu Chakravarthy]].

{{track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 08:05
| title1 = Kanikkonnakal
| lyrics1 = [[Shibu Chakravarthy]]
| extra1 = [[Sujatha Mohan]]
| length1 = 04:11
| title2 = Mazhapeythu Maanam
| lyrics2 = [[Shibu Chakravarthy]]
| extra2 = [[K. J. Yesudas]]
| length2 = 03:54}}

=== Reception ===
The song ''"Kanikkonnakal"'' received mostly positive reviews and became one of the popular hits in the 90s.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/music/features/2019/04/13/nostalgic-vishu-songs.html | title=ജീവിതത്തിന്റെ ഗന്ധമുണ്ട്; കാത്തിരിപ്പിന്റെ കൊന്നപ്പൂ പാട്ടുകൾക്ക് }}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|0271693|Oru Abhibhashakante Case Diary}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120325210758/http://popcorn.oneindia.in/title/7237/oru-abhibhashakante-case-diary.html Oneindia]

{{S. N. Swamy}}

[[Category:1995 Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:Indian mystery drama films]]
[[Category:Indian legal films]]
[[Category:Indian courtroom films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Palakkad]]
[[Category:1995 crime drama films]]
[[Category:1995 films]]
[[Category:Films directed by K. Madhu]]
[[Category:Films scored by Raveendran]]

{{1990s-Malayalam-film-stub}}

Muskaan

2026-03-03T12:05:25Z

DarleneSeamon8: created a details

{{for|the television serial|Musakaan (2018 TV series)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Muskaan
| image = Muksaan.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| director = Rohit-Manish
| producer = [[Bhushan Kumar]] Krishnan Kumar N.P. Pachisia
| writer = Atul Sharma
| based_on = 
| narrator =
| starring = [[Aftab Shivdasani]] [[Gracy Singh]]
| music = [[Nikhil-Vinay]]
| cinematography = K. Dattu
| editing = Steven H. Bernard
| studio = [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]]
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2004|03|26}}
| runtime = 122 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Muskaan''''' ({{Translation|Smile}}) is a 2004 Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[romantic thriller]] film directed by Rohit-Manish. It stars [[Aftab Shivdasani]] and [[Gracy Singh]] in the roles.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.gomolo.com/muskaan-movie/8243 | title=Movie Review | publisher=Gomolo | accessdate=24 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/57451 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714224858/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/criticreview/id/57451 | url-status=dead | archive-date=14 July 2014 | title=Movie Review | website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] | accessdate=24 June 2012}}</ref>

==Plot==
Dashing and debonair fashion designer Sameer Oberoi ([[Aftab Shivdasani]]) has everything going for him: a successful career; a secure future; a comfortable and wealthy lifestyle; a beautiful girl Jahnvi ([[Neha (actress)|Neha]]) who hopes to marry him, what more could anyone want? But Sameer has an image of his dream girl in his mind, and he hopes to find her soon. His search for her meets with obstacles of searching for a better model; a series of wrong telephonic connections, all connecting him to a young lady. His group decides to travel to another location, and the young "wrong number" lady, named Muskaan, also travels in the same bus, leading to some more misunderstandings. Sameer takes a liking to Muskaan and decides to appoint her as his new model, to which she agrees. Then their world is turned upside down when Jahnvi, a member of their group, is brutally stabbed in her belly and murdered, and the only clue the police have is that her killer's name begins with an "S," and Sameer becomes a prime suspect in her murder and in the eyes of Inspector Vikram Rajput, who is determined to get the killer at any cost. During the search for the killer, Muskaan ([[Gracy Singh]]) and Sameer fall in love. Just as they are about to go to the police station, Muskaan arrives with the cassette in which Jahnvi had left a message for her dad. After hearing this, the killer is actually Satin (one of Sameer's best friends). In the end, Satin is arrested, and Muskaan and Sameer reunite.

==Cast==
* [[Aftab Shivdasani]] as Sameer Oberoi
* [[Gracy Singh]] as Muskaan
* [[Gulshan Grover]] as Inspector Vikram Rajput
* [[Shabana Raza]] as Jahnvi
* [[Anjala Zaveri]] as Shikha
* [[Parvin Dabas]] as Sharad
* [[Vrajesh Hirjee]] as Satin
* [[Razak Khan]] as Hotel Manager Godbole
* Poonam Simar as Shweta
* [[Sharat Saxena]] as Karan Veer
* [[Rajeev Verma]] as Jahnvi's father

== Soundtrack ==
{{Infobox album
| name = Muskaan
| type = soundtrack
| artist = Nikhil-Vinay
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 20 December 2003
| recorded =
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Soundtrack|Bollywood film soundtrack]]
| length = 1:14:10
| language = [[Hindi]]
| label = [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]]
| director =
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
}}
The music of the film was composed by the duo [[Nikhil-Vinay]] with the lyrics written by [[Sameer Anjaan|Sameer]]. The soundtrack was released 20 December 2003 by [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]], which consists of 11 songs. The full album features vocals by [[Anuradha Paudwal]], [[Udit Narayan]], [[Shreya Ghoshal]], [[Sonu Nigam]], [[Alka Yagnik]], [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]] and [[Adnan Sami]].

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! # !! Title !! Singer(s)
|-
| 1
| "Woh Ho Tum"
| [[Sonu Nigam]], [[Anuradha Paudwal]]
|-
| 2
| "Jis Din Teri Meri Baatein"
| [[Udit Narayan]], Anuradha Paudwal
|-
| 3
| "Yaad Aayee"
| [[Adnan Sami]]
|-
| 4
| "Kabhie Jaage Soye"
| Udit Narayan, Anuradha Paudwal
|-
| 5
| "Nami Danam"
| [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], [[Alka Yagnik]]
|-
| 6
| "Woh Ho Tum" (Sad)
| Sonu Nigam
|-
| 7
| "Nach Punjaban Nachle" (Deleted Song)
| Sonu Nigam, Anuradha Paudwal
|-
| 8
| "Jaaneman Chupke Chupke"-2
| Anuradha Paudwal
|-
| 9
| "Woh Ho Tum"
| Sonu Nigam, Shreya Ghoshal
|-
| 10
| "Ishq Hasata Hai"
| Sonu Nigam, Anuradha Paudwal
|-
| 11
| "Jaaneman Chupke Chupke"
| Udit Narayan, Alka Yagnik
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title|id=0409068}}

[[Category:2004 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:2004 thriller films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Nikhil-Vinay]]
[[Category:Indian romantic thriller films]]
[[Category:2004 Indian films]]
[[Category:T-Series (company) films]]

Kaagaz

2026-03-02T08:39:37Z

DarleneSeamon8: added references

{{short description|Film by Satish Kaushik}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Kaagaz
| image = Kaagaz film poster.jpg
| caption = Release poster
| director = [[Satish Kaushik]]
| producer = {{Unbulleted list|Ankit Mehta|[[Salman Khan]]|Nishant Kaushik|Vikas Malu}}
| writer = Satish Kaushik
| starring = {{Unbulleted list|[[Pankaj Tripathi]]|[[Monal Gajjar]]|[[Amar Upadhyay]]|Tina Ahuja|[[Lankesh Bhardwaj]]}}
| music = {{Unbulleted list|[[Pravesh Mallick]]|[[Rahul Jain (singer)|Rahul Jain]]}}
| cinematography = Arkodeb Mukherjee
| editing = [[Sanjay Verma]]
| studio = {{Unbulleted list|[[Salman Khan Films]]|The Satish Kaushik Entertainment Production}}
| distributor = [[ZEE5]]
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2021|1|7|ref1=<ref name="release date"/>}}
| runtime = 109 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Kaagaz''''' ({{translation|'Paper'}}) is a 2021 Indian [[biographical film|biographical]] [[comedy film]] written and directed by [[Satish Kaushik]] and produced by [[Salman Khan]] and Nishant Kaushik under the banner of [[Salman Khan Films]] and The Satish Kaushik Entertainment Production.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/satish-kaushik-s-next-directorial-titled-kaagaz-118101000483_1.html|title=Satish Kaushik's next directorial titled 'Kaagaz'|access-date=21 April 2019|archive-date=21 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421063013/https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/satish-kaushik-s-next-directorial-titled-kaagaz-118101000483_1.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/salman-khan-to-produce-satish-kaushiks-directorial-kagaz/articleshow/67372222.cms|title=Salman Khan to produce Satish Kaushik's directorial Kagaz|access-date=21 April 2019|archive-date=21 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421063015/https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/salman-khan-to-produce-satish-kaushiks-directorial-kagaz/articleshow/67372222.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Salman Khan lends his voice for the first time for a pensive poem in Pankaj Tripathi starrer Kaagaz; WATCH|url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/salman-khan-lends-his-voice-first-time-pensive-poem-pankaj-tripathi-starrer-kaagaz-watch-591337|access-date=2021-01-11|website=PINKVILLA|date=9 January 2021|language=en|archive-date=9 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109143158/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/salman-khan-lends-his-voice-first-time-pensive-poem-pankaj-tripathi-starrer-kaagaz-watch-591337|url-status=dead}}</ref> The film stars [[Pankaj Tripathi]], [[Monal Gajjar]] and [[Amar Upadhyay]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.mid-day.com/articles/pankaj-tripathi-lost-weight-to-play-farmer-in-kaagaz/19965175|title=Pankaj Tripathi lost weight to play farmer in Kaagaz|access-date=21 April 2019|archive-date=21 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190421063011/https://www.mid-day.com/articles/pankaj-tripathi-lost-weight-to-play-farmer-in-kaagaz/19965175|url-status=live}}</ref>

The plot of the film is based on the life and struggle of [[Lal Bihari]], a farmer from the small village of Amilo Mubarakpur, who was declared dead on official papers.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://m.mid-day.com/articles/kaagaz-a-pankaj-tripathi-starrer-based-on-the-real-story-of-lal-bihari-mritak/23145230|title=Kaagaz: A Pankaj Tripathi starrer based on the real story of Lal Bihari Mritak|work=Mid Day|date=15 December 2020|access-date=15 December 2020}}</ref> It marked the last directorial venture of Kaushik before his death on 9 March 2023.

At the [[2021 Filmfare OTT Awards]], ''Kaagaz'' received 3 nominations – Best Web Original Film, Best Actor in a Web Original Film (Tripathi) and Best Supporting Actor in a Web Original Film (Kaushik). The spiritual sequel ''[[Kaagaz 2]]'' was released to positive reviews on March 1 2024.<ref name=Kaagaz2>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/kaagaz-2-trailer-satish-kaushik-final-film-anupam-kher-neena-gupta-release-on-march-1-watch-101707478684048.html|title=Kaagaz 2 trailer: Satish Kaushik's final film to release in cinemas on March 1. Watch|date=9 February 2024|website=Hindustan Times|access-date=10 February 2024|archive-date=10 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240210014026/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/kaagaz-2-trailer-satish-kaushik-final-film-anupam-kher-neena-gupta-release-on-march-1-watch-101707478684048.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Synopsis==
The film depicts the struggle of Bharat Lal Bihari against the Indian bureaucracy after he was declared dead on government records. His fight with the government lasted for 19 years.

==Cast==
*[[Pankaj Tripathi]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/pankaj-tripathi-undergoes-major-physical-transformation-to-play-a-farmer/articleshow/66570528.cms|title=Pankaj Tripathi undergoes major physical transformation to play a farmer|access-date=21 April 2019|archive-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510173344/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/pankaj-tripathi-undergoes-major-physical-transformation-to-play-a-farmer/articleshow/66570528.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> as Bharat[[lal Bihari]]
*[[Monal Gajjar]] as Rukmanii
*[[Satish Kaushik]] as Advocate Sadhoram Kewat
*[[Mita Vashisht]] as MLA Asarfi Devi
*[[Brijendra Kala]] as Highcourt Judge
*[[Amar Upadhyay]] as MLA Vidhayak Jaganpal Singh
*[[Lankesh Bhardwaj]] as Sr. Inspector
*[[Neha Chauhan]] as Journalist Sonia
*Garrvil Mohan as Pablo
*Pranay Narayan as Devilal
*Amit Pathak as Harilal
*Sharat Sonu as Rampal
*Ratan Lal as Motiya
*Mahesh Chandra Deva as typist
*Arun Shekhar as Chaman Lal
*Dinesh Sharma as Panditji Pandey
*Yogesh Kumar Shukla as Shukla Ji
*[[Sandeepa Dhar]] Special appearance in ''Laalam Laal'' song<ref>{{cite news|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/spotted-in-mysuru/articleshow/68784599.cms|title=Bollywood actress Sandeepa Dhar reveals her role in Salman Khan film|access-date=21 April 2019|archive-date=19 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519063144/https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/spotted-in-mysuru/articleshow/68784599.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Ajay Singh as Tyagi, Peshkaar of High court judge
* [[Lal Bihari]] in a cameo appearance as the man cycling beside Bharatlal

== Soundtrack ==
{{Infobox album
| name = Kaagaz
| type = Soundtrack
| artist = [[Pravesh Mallick]], [[Rahul Jain (singer)|Rahul Jain]] and ceAzer
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 6 January 2021<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/kaagaz/Gj1kQ,Oq9oM_ |title=Kaagaz – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack |date=5 January 2021 |publisher=Jio Saavn |access-date=7 January 2021 |archive-date=7 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107064253/https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/kaagaz/Gj1kQ,Oq9oM_ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| recorded = 2018–19
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = 24:26
| language = Hindi
| label = [[Salman Khan Films]]
| producer =
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
}}

The film's music was composed by [[Pravesh Mallick]], [[Rahul Jain (singer)|Rahul Jain]] and ceAzer while lyrics written by Aseem Ahmed Abbasee, [[Rashmi Virag]], [[Kunaal Vermaa]] and Shweta Raj.

{{Tracklist
| headline = Track listing
| total_length = 24:26
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Laalam Laal
| extra1 = [[Rajnigandha Shekhawat]]
| music1 = [[Pravesh Mallick]]
| lyrics1 = Aseem Ahmed Abbasee
| length1 = 4:21
| title2 = Bailgadi
| extra2 = [[Udit Narayan]], [[Alka Yagnik]]
| music2 =Pravesh Mallick
| lyrics2 = [[Rashmi Virag]]
| length2 = 4:28
| title3 = Jug Jug Jiyo
| extra3 = [[Rahul Jain (singer)|Rahul Jain]]
| music3 = Rahul Jain
| lyrics3 = Aseem Ahmed Abbasee, [[Kunaal Vermaa]]
| length3 = 4:57
| title4 = Jug Jug Jiyo
| note4 = Reprise
| extra4 = Rahul Jain
| music4 = Rahul Jain
| lyrics4 = Aseem Ahmed Abbasee, Kunaal Vermaa
| length4 = 5:14
| title5 = Bulaave
| extra5 = [[Papon (singer)|Papon]]
| music5 = ceAzer
| lyrics5 = Shweta Raj
| length5 = 3:56
| title6 = Poetry of Kaagaz
| extra6 = [[Salman Khan]], Rahul Jain
| music6 = Rahul Jain
| lyrics6 = Aseem Ahmed Abbasee
| length6 = 2:30
}}

== Release ==
It premiered on 7 January 2021 on [[ZEE5]].<ref name="release date">{{Cite web|url=https://www.zee5.com/global/blog/zee5-exclusive-after-yours-truly-kaagaz-pankaj-tripathis-direct-to-digital-streak-continues-with-kadak-singh/|title=Pankaj Tripathi's 'Kaagaz' to release on ZEE5 in January}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

== Reception ==

=== Critical reception ===
{{Rotten Tomatoes prose|score=29|count=7|average=5|consensus=|ref=yes |access-date=26 June 2024}}<ref>{{cite Rotten Tomatoes|title=Kaagaz|id=kaagaz
|type=m|access-date=26 June 2024}}</ref>

Pallabi Dey Purkayastha of [[The Times of India]] rated the film 3/5 and wrote "To sum it up, ''Kaagaz'' could have been the go-to movie for those seeking a burst of inspiration, but it ends up being a uni-dimensional masterclass on one man’s acting prowess. Not that we are complaining, but the film had the potential to tug at the heart strings. Alas! It was not to be."<ref>{{Citation|title=Kaagaz Movie Review: Treading On Fragile Ground|newspaper=The Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/movie-reviews/kaagaz/movie-review/80152133.cms|date=7 Jan 2021}}</ref>

[[Saibal Chatterjee]] of [[NDTV]] rated the film 3/5 and wrote "Satish Kaushik's labour of love drives home the plight of a common man up against an administrative system that thrives on running the already dispossessed further into the ground."<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kaagaz Review: Pankaj Tripathi, As Dead-On-Paper Bandmaster, Doesn't Let The Film Down|url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/kaagaz-review-pankaj-tripathi-as-dead-on-paper-bandmaster-doesnt-let-the-film-down-3-stars-out-of-5-2348889|access-date=2021-01-11|website=NDTV.com|archive-date=10 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110064719/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/kaagaz-review-pankaj-tripathi-as-dead-on-paper-bandmaster-doesnt-let-the-film-down-3-stars-out-of-5-2348889|url-status=live}}</ref>

Gautaman Bhaskaran of [[News18 India|News18]] rated the film 2.5/5 and wrote "''Kaagaz'' goes beyond the realm of parody, and a tighter leash on characterisations and scene conceptualisations could have gone a long way in turning Kaagaz into a more worthwhile watch."<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-07|title=Kaagaz Movie Review: Pankaj Tripathi's Emotive Range is Laudable in This Social Commentary|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/kaagaz-movie-review-pankaj-tripathis-emotive-range-is-laudable-in-this-social-commentary-3256382.html|access-date=2021-01-11|website=News18|language=en|archive-date=7 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107075826/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/kaagaz-movie-review-pankaj-tripathis-emotive-range-is-laudable-in-this-social-commentary-3256382.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Accolades ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Award ceremony
!Category
!Nominee / work
!Result
!Ref.
|-
| rowspan="3" |[[2021 Filmfare OTT Awards|2021]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Filmfare OTT Awards]]
|Best Web Original Film
|''Kaagaz''
|{{nom}}
| rowspan="3" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Filmfare OTT Awards 2021 - Nominations |url=https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-ott-awards-2021/nominations |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=filmfare.com |language=en |archive-date=18 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240118200752/https://www.filmfare.com/awards/filmfare-ott-awards-2021/nominations |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|Best Actor in a Web Original Film
|[[Pankaj Tripathi]]
|{{nom}}
|-
|Best Supporting Actor in a Web Original Film
|[[Satish Kaushik]]
|{{nom}}
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{authority control}}

== External links==
* ''[https://www.zee5.com/global/movies/details/kaagaz/0-0-296370 Kaagaz]'' on [[ZEE5]]
*{{IMDb title|9569610}}

{{Salman Khan}}
{{Satish Kaushik}}

[[Category:Films directed by Satish Kaushik]]
[[Category:Films postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic]]
[[Category:ZEE5 original films]]
[[Category:2020s biographical films]]
[[Category:2021 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:Indian legal drama films]]
[[Category:Indian courtroom films]]
[[Category:Films about miscarriage of justice]]

Imtiyaz Jaleel

2026-02-24T07:51:37Z

DarleneSeamon8: small changes

{{Short description|Indian politician (born 1968)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Imtiyaz Jaleel
| image = Imtiaz Jaleel Syed.jpg
| caption =
| office = [[Member of parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]]
| constituency = [[Aurangabad, Maharashtra Lok Sabha constituency|Aurangabad]]
| term_start = 23 May 2019
| term_end = 4 June 2024
| predecessor = [[Chandrakant Khaire]]
| successor = [[Sandipanrao Bhumre]]
| office2 = [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Member of the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency2 = [[Aurangabad Central Assembly constituency|Aurangabad Central]]
| term_start2 = 15 October 2014
| term_end2 = 23 May 2019
| predecessor2 = [[Pradeep Jaiswal]]
| successor2 = [[Pradeep Jaiswal]]
| birth_name = Imtiyaz Jaleel Syed<ref name="MyNeta"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Imtiaz Jaleel Syed: Bio, Political life, Family & Top stories |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/candidates/imtiaz-jaleel-syed |work=The Times of India |access-date=10 August 2019}}</ref>
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1968|08|10|df=y}}<ref name="Profile"/>
| birth_place = [[Aurangabad, Maharashtra]], India
| occupation = [[Politician]], [[journalist]]
| spouse = {{Marriage|Roomi Fatema|1993}}<ref name="Profile"/>
| children = 2
| party = [[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen]] (AIMIM)
| alma_mater = [[Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University]]<ref name="MyNeta">{{cite web |title=Lok Sabha 2019 - Imtiaz Jaleel Syed |url=http://myneta.info/LokSabha2019/candidate.php?candidate_id=8685 |website=MyNeta|access-date=10 August 2019}}</ref>
| profession = [[Politician]]
| awards = [[Newsmakers Achievers Award#2023 Awardees|Newsmakers Achievers Award]]
| sibling =
| office3 = [[All_India_Majlis-e-Ittehadul_Muslimeen#Leadership|Maharashtra State President]] of [[AIMIM|All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen]]
| termstart3 = {{Start date and age|2019}}
| termend3 =
| website = https://www.aimim.org/
| education =
|office4 = Member of Maharashtra State Board Of Waqf
| term_start4 = 05 February 2021
| term_end4 = 05 June 2024
| source = https://sansad.in/ls/members/biography/5200?from=members
}}

'''Imtiyaz Jaleel Syed''' (born 10 August 1968), also known as '''Syed Imtiyaz Jaleel''', is an Indian politician and member of the [[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/141110/nation-politics/article/dont-target-our-party-selectively-hate-speeches-mim-mla | title=Don't target our party selectively for hate speeches: MIM MLA |agency=PTI |work=Deccan Chronicle |access-date=15 April 2016 |date=11 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.newsreporter.in/sayed-imtiaz-jalil-of-aimm-wins-the-aurangabad-central-constituency-maharastra-maharastra-assembly-election-2014-549110 | title=Sayed Imtiaz Jalil of AIMM WINS the Aurangabad central constituency Maharastra, Maharastra Assembly Election 2014 | work=newsreporter.in | access-date=15 April 2016 | archive-date=24 May 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190524190701/https://www.newsreporter.in/sayed-imtiaz-jalil-of-aimm-wins-the-aurangabad-central-constituency-maharastra-maharastra-assembly-election-2014-549110 | url-status=dead }}</ref> In the 2019 General Elections, Jaleel was elected as [[Member of parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha]] from [[Aurangabad (Maharashtra Lok Sabha constituency)|Aurangabad Lok Sabha Constituency]]. He was elected as member of [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]] from [[Aurangabad Central (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Aurangabad Central]] constituency in 2014. He is also the state president of [[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen]] in [[Maharashtra]] as well as a member of the Standing Committee of the Urban Development (UD).<ref>{{cite news |title=MP Imtiaz Jaleel again nominated for UD Standing Committee |url=http://www.uniindia.com/mp-imtiaz-jaleel-again-nominated-for-ud-standing-committee/west/news/2191326.html |access-date=26 January 2021 |work=UNI India |date=7 October 2020}}</ref>

==Early life==
Jaleel was born and raised in [[Aurangabad]] to Syed Abdul Jaleel and Zakiya Jaleel.<ref name="Profile">{{cite web |title=Syed Imtiaz Jaleel, Shri |url=https://sansad.in/ls/members/biographyM/5200?from=members |website=Lok Sabha |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250601173838/https://sansad.in/ls/members/biographyM/5200?from=members |archive-date=1 June 2025 |access-date=1 June 2025}}</ref> His father was a civil surgeon and his brother a manager at [[Jet Airways]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sharma |first1=Supriya |date=26 October 2014 |title=Behind the victory of a Muslim party in Maharashtra, the gamble of a journalist |url=https://scroll.in/article/685327/behind-the-victory-of-a-muslim-party-in-maharashtra-the-gamble-of-a-journalist |work=Scroll.in |access-date=10 August 2019}}</ref> Jaleel married Roomi Fatema on 8 July 1993, with whom he has two sons.<ref name="Profile"/> He completed both his [[Master of Business Administration]] (1996) and Master of Mass Communication and Journalism (2000) from [[Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University]].<ref name="MyNeta"/>

==Political career==
Initially Jaleel worked as a journalist for ''[[Lokmat]]'' and [[NDTV]].<ref>{{cite web|date=20 October 2014|title=From journalist to MLA: Imtiaz Jaleel's rise symbolizes MIM's debut in Maharashtra|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/from-journalist-to-mla-imtiaz-jaleel-s-rise-symbolizes-mim-s-debut-in-maharashtra/story-kjWYZiKwL2vlKxoB2N6wxJ.html|access-date=15 April 2016|work=.hindustantimes.com}}</ref> He entered politics in 2014 when he contested from the [[Aurangabad Central Assembly constituency]] for [[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen]] (MIM). He started his campaign 22 days before the polling and defeated the sitting [[Shiv Sena]] legislator [[Pradeep Jaiswal]] by a margin of around 20,000 votes.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rastogi|first=Vartika|date=1 June 2019|title=In Aurangabad, Drinking Water brings a Former Journalist to Parliament|url=https://www.thecitizen.in/index.php/en/newsdetail/index/13/17031/in-aurangabad-drinking-water-brings-a-former-journalist-to-parliament|work=The Citizen|access-date=28 January 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Joshi|first=Yogesh|date=20 October 2014|title=From journalist to MLA: Imtiaz Jaleel's rise symbolizes MIM's debut in Maharashtra|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/from-journalist-to-mla-imtiaz-jaleel-s-rise-symbolizes-mim-s-debut-in-maharashtra/story-kjWYZiKwL2vlKxoB2N6wxJ.html|work=Hindustan Times|access-date=28 January 2022}}</ref>

On 23 April 2015, under the leadership of Imtiaz Jaleel, MIM won 25 seats in the [[Aurangabad Municipal Corporation]] elections.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/mim-registers-impressive-performance-in-aurangabad-civic-polls/articleshow/47028272.cms |title=MIM registers impressive performance in Aurangabad civic polls |agency=PTI |work=Economic Times |date=23 April 2015 |access-date=23 April 2015}}</ref> During DPDC meeting which was held on 29 January 2015, Imtiyaz Jaleel raised the issue of costly MRI charges at the government-run hospital in Aurangabad. Then District Guardian Minister [[Ramdas Kadam]] directed GMCH authorities to reduce the charges of MRI scan from Rs 1,800 to Rs 700.<ref>{{cite news |last=Diggikar |first=Ranjana |date=29 January 2015 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/aurangabad/Minister-orders-govt-hospital-to-reduce-MRI-charges/articleshow/46046603.cms |title=Minister orders govt hospital to reduce MRI charges |work=The Times of India | access-date= 29 January 2015}}</ref>

On 14 October 2017, Jaleel had filed a public interest litigation (PIL) before the Aurangabad bench of [[Bombay High Court|Bombay high court]], seeking direction to the state government to allot seven acres of land to build a 200-bed hospital for women and children in Aurangabad. The court had directed the state and district administration to file a reply within six months.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.asianage.com/metros/mumbai/141017/mla-files-pil-seeking-land-for-hospital-in-aurangabad.html |title=MLA files PIL seeking land for hospital in Aurangabad |work=The Asian Age |date= 14 October 2017 |access-date=14 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=HC tells MPSC to file affidavit about health vacancies |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/aurangabad/hc-tells-mpsc-to-file-affidavit-about-health-vacancies/articleshow/89838857.cms |work=The Times of India |date=26 February 2022 |access-date=22 September 2023 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

On 26 March 2019, MIM decided to contest Aurangabad Lok Sabha seat in Maharashtra in alliance with the [[Vanchit Bahujan Aghadi]] led by [[Prakash Yashwant Ambedkar|Prakash Ambedkar]]. MIM President [[Asaduddin Owaisi]] had picked Imtiyaz Jaleel as the party candidate.<ref>{{cite news |agency=IANS |title=Asaduddin Owaisi's Party To Contest Aurangabad Lok Sabha Seat |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/asaduddin-owaisis-aimim-to-contest-aurangabad-lok-sabha-seat-2012869 |access-date=28 January 2022 |work=NDTV |date=26 March 2019}}</ref>

Jaleel won the Aurangabad Lok Sabha seat defeating the four-time sitting MP from the [[Shiv Sena]], [[Chandrakant Khaire]], with a slim margin of 4,492 vote. Commenting on the results, Chitra Lele, professor of political science at [[SNDT Women's University|SNDT]] University said, “By not raking up national issues and shunning criticism of Narendra Modi, Jaleel avoided polarisation of votes on religious lines. On the other hand, a split in the votes going to Khaire, and AIMIM’s alliance with VBA ensured that he gets votes from [[dalit]]s and other deprived communities”.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mulay |first1=Paritosh |title=Why a Former Journalist's Electoral Victory in Aurangabad Is So Significant |url=https://thewire.in/politics/aurangabad-maharashtra-imtiaz-jaleel-shiv-sena |access-date=21 May 2022 |work=The Wire |date=29 May 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Joshi|first=Yogesh|date=25 May 2019|title=Lok Sabha Elections 2019: Imtiaz Jaleel is AIMIM's lone victor from Maharashtra|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/lok-sabha-elections/lok-sabha-elections-2019-imtiaz-jaleel-is-aimim-s-lone-victor-from-maharashtra/story-66ZcvHwOXCO5w4V3JmXpqL.html|access-date=28 January 2022|work=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

Since 2021, Jaleel has sat on the Maharashtra [[Waqf|Waqf Board]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=7 February 2021|title=Jaleel, Fauzia nominated as waqf members |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/aurangabad/jaleel-fauzia-nominated-as-waqf-members/articleshow/80726415.cms |access-date=31 December 2021 |work=The Times of India}}</ref> In the [[2024 Lok Sabha election]], Jaleel lost to [[Sandipanrao Bhumre]] of [[Shiv Sena]] by 134,650 votes.<ref>{{cite web |title=General Election to Parliamentary Constituencies: Trends & Results June-2024 Parliamentary Constituency 19 - Aurangabad (Maharashtra) |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/PcResultGenJune2024/candidateswise-S1319.htm |website=Election Commission of India |access-date=5 June 2024}}</ref>

On 18 October 2024, the All India Majlis e Ittehadul Muslimeen (AIMIM) Maharashtra announced that Jaleel would contest the 2024 Lok Sabha by election from the Nanded Parliamentary Constituency in Maharashtra.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://ummid.com/news/2024/october/18-10-2024/imtiaz-jaleel-to-contest-2024-nanded-ls-by-election.html | title=
Imtiaz Jaleel to contest 2024 Nanded LS by election | work=ummid.com | date=October 2024 | accessdate=20 October 2024}}</ref> However, a different AIMIM candidate actually ran but the election was won by the [[Indian National Congress]]'s candidate, [[Ravindra Vasantrao Chavan]].

== Positions held ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!#
!From
!To
!Position
!colspan="2" | Political party
|-
|1.
|2014
|2019
|[[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|MLA]] (1st term) from [[Aurangabad Central Assembly constituency|Aurangabad Central]]
|{{Full party name with colour|All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen}}
|-
|2.
|2019
|2024
|[[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|MP]] (1st term) from [[Aurangabad, Maharashtra Lok Sabha constituency|Aurangabad]]
|{{Full party name with colour|All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen}}
|-
|}

==Public activity==
=== Protested outside the Aurangabad Airport ===
On 31 July 2017, [[Taslima Nasrin]], a feminist known for her writing on criticism of religion, landed on [[Aurangabad Airport]] to visit [[Ajantha, Maharashtra|Ajanta]] and [[Ellora Caves]]. Led by Imtiaz Jaleel, a group of people protested outside the Aurangabad Airport. After the backlash from protesters, Aurangabad police stopped Nasrin from stepping outside the airport and advised her to go back.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Daniyal |first1=Shoaib |title=The Daily Fix: Taslima Nasreen is a victim of India (yet again) failing to honour freedom of speech |url=https://scroll.in/article/845554/the-daily-fix-taslima-nasreen-is-a-victim-of-india-yet-again-failing-to-honour-freedom-of-speech |access-date=21 May 2022 |work=Scroll.in |date=31 July 2017}}</ref>

=== Tiranga Rally Muslim Reservation ===
On 11 December 2021, Jaleel led the [[Tiranga]] rally organised by the [[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen|Majlis party]] from [[Aurangabad]] to [[Mumbai]] demanding 5% reservation to the [[Islam in Maharashtra|Muslim community in Maharashtra]]. Jaleel said that the AIMIM party would not contest the upcoming local body elections in Maharashtra if the [[Maha Vikas Aghadi|MVA Government]] did not give 5% reservation to the Muslim community.<ref>{{cite news |title=Give 5% Muslim reservation, AIMIM won't contest polls: Imtiaz Jaleel |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/mumbai-give-5-muslim-reservation-aimim-wont-contest-polls/articleshow/88265890.cms |access-date=21 May 2022 |work=The Times of India |date=14 December 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

===Adarsh Co-operative Bank Scams===
Jaleel took a stance against financial scams plaguing cooperative banks and societies. In a letter addressed to [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Narendra Modi]] and [[Minister of Home Affairs (India)|Union Home Minister]] [[Amit Shah]], Jaleel called for a thorough investigation by central agencies like the [[Central Bureau of Investigation|CBI]] or [[Enforcement Directorate|ED]] into these irregularities. [[Adarsh Co-operative Bank|Adarsh Nagari Sahkari Credit Co-operative]], which was under scrutiny for a Rs. 202 crore scam.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Akhef |first=Mohammad |date=25 July 2023 |title=MP seeks probe into bank scams |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/aurangabad/mp-seeks-probe-into-bank-scams/articleshow/102094594.cms |work=The Times of India |access-date=22 September 2023 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Akhef |first=Mohammad |date=17 August 2023 |title=Adarsh cooperative scam: Key accused's son arrested |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/aurangabad/adarsh-cooperative-scam-key-accuseds-son-arrested/articleshow/102788042.cms |work=The Times of India |access-date=22 September 2023 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

Jaleel's rally for justice garnered attention as he sought to protect the interests of underprivileged individuals, elderly citizens, and farmers in the district who had been adversely affected by these financial wrongdoings. He also urged the authorities to conduct a comprehensive investigation into the operations of Adarsh Nagari Credit Society and Malkapur Urban Cooperative Bank.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Adarsh Bank 200 Crore Scam: आदर्श नागरी सहकारी पतसंस्थेत 200 कोटींचा घोटाळा; खासदार इम्तियाज जलील काढणार ग्राहकांसाठी काढणार निषेध मोर्चा |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/marathi/maharashtra/state/aurangabad/imtiaz-jaleel-on-agitation-for-customers-justice-in-adarsha-nagri-sahakari-patsanstha-chhatrapati-sambhajinagar-200-crore-scam/mh20230714105943346346857 |access-date=22 September 2023 |work=ETV Bharat News |date=14 July 2023 |language=mr}}</ref>

==== Chief Minister of Maharashtra on Scam ====
Adarsh Adarsh Co-operative Bank Scam case: the accused will sell their assets and return their money to the depositors; Testimony of [[List of chief ministers of Maharashtra|Chief Minister]] [[Eknath Shinde]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=औरंगाबाद आदर्श पतसंस्था घोटाळा प्रकरण:आरोपीची संपत्ती विकून ठेवीदारांना त्यांचा पैसा वापस करणार; मुख्यमंत्री एकनाथ शिंदे यांची ग्वाही |url=https://divyamarathi.bhaskar.com/local/maharashtra/aurangabad/news/eknath-shinde-reaction-on-adarsh-bank-scam-imtiaz-jaleel-protest-131848390.html |work=[[Dainik Bhaskar]] |date=16 September 2023 |access-date=15 October 2023 |language=mr}}</ref>

==Awards and recognition==
===Best Working Politician Award 2023===
Jaleel was honoured with the ‘[[Newsmakers Achievers Award|15th News makers Achievers Awards 2023]]’ in the ‘Best Working Politician’ category on 1 May 2023 at Yashwant Rao Chavan Auditorium, [[Mumbai]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=23 May 2023|title=Meet Imtiaz Jalil, MP from Aurangabad, recipient of the News makers achievers award 2023|language=en-IN|work=M Positive|url=https://www.mpositive.in/2023/05/23/meet-imtiaz-jalil-mp-from-aurangabad-recipient-of-the-news-makers-achievers-award-2023/|access-date=23 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Inamdar|first=Imran|date=20 May 2023|title=Meet Imtiaz Jalil, MP from Aurangabad, recipient of the News makers achievers award 2023|language=en-IN|work=twoCircles.net|url=https://twocircles.net/2023may20/448997.html|access-date=20 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=MP Jaleel honoured with "Best MP" award |url=http://www.uniindia.com/mp-jaleel-honoured-with-best-mp-award/west/news/2965786.html |access-date=25 July 2023 |work=United News of India |date=4 May 2023}}</ref>

== Notable work ==
=== Reducing Passport Processing Time from 30-45 days to just 7-10 days ===
Jaleel played a key role in modernising the Aurangabad [[indian passport|Passport Seva Kendra]] (POPSK), which initially had lengthy processing times. His efforts led to the establishment of a modernised center with scanners, reducing passport processing time from 30-45 days to just 7-10 days. This change significantly improved passport services, benefitting citizens in the region.<ref>{{cite news |title=सांसद इम्तियाज जलील की मांग हुई पूरी, पासपोर्ट सेवा केंद्र से सिर्फ 7 से 10 दिन में मिलेगा पासपोर्ट |url=https://www.enavabharat.com/state/maharashtra/aurangabad/passport-will-be-available-from-passport-seva-kendra-in-just-7-to-10-days-814249/ |access-date=15 October 2023 |work=Nav Bharat Times |date=11 October 2023 |language=hi}}</ref>

===PIL for 400 Bed Hospital instead of politician Gopinath Munde Statue ===
Jaleel played a pivotal role in the establishment of a 400-bed women and neonatal hospital in Aurangabad. In 2017, Jaleel filed a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) that prompted the Aurangabad bench of the [[Bombay High Court]] to intervene in the stalled project, originally sanctioned in 2013 but delayed due to lack of available land. Following the court's directives, the district collector allocated 21,853 square meters of prime land at the Government Milk Dairy for the hospital. District civil surgeon SV Kulkarni confirmed the land possession and outlined plans for construction, with the state government funding the project. Jaleel expressed satisfaction with this progress, noting that the high court would monitor the hospital's development.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Sharad |first=Arpita |date=28 October 2018 |title=Women's hospital with 200 beds to be built in 2 yrs |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/aurangabad/womens-hospital-with-200-beds-to-be-built-in-2-yrs/articleshow/66406640.cms |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |access-date=31 May 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gupta |first=Aditya |date=20 January 2022 |title=400-bed hospital to be set up in Aurangabad |url=https://www.medicalbuyer.co.in/maha-400-bed-hospital-to-be-set-up-in-aurangabad/ |website=Medical Buyer |access-date=31 May 2024}}</ref>

==Personal views==
In February 2019, on the occasion of [[Shiv Jayanti|Shivaji Jayanti]], Jaleel said [[Shivaji]] was a secular leader who stood for communal harmony but history books had been distorted to show him as [[Islamophobic|anti Muslim]].<ref>{{cite tweet|user=imtiaz_jaleel |number=1097955226433277953 |title=Unity in diversity. Got the honour of garlanding the statue of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj on shiv jayanti. Will have to break these barriers to make India strong and united. Btw history books have been distorted to show the Maratha king as anti Muslim. And thats not true |date=20 February 2019 |access-date=22 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Akhef |first=Mohammed |date=19 February 2019 |title=Shiv Jayanti brings people from all communities together |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/aurangabad/shiv-jayanti-brings-people-from-all-communities-together/articleshow/68069779.cms |access-date=22 March 2022 |work=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

== Controversies ==
On 11 June 2022, while protesting against the controversial statement of Nupur Sharma regarding [[Muhammad|Prophet Muhammad]], Jaleel said she should be hanged in Aurangabad.<ref>{{Cite news |date=11 June 2022 |title='Nupur Sharma should be hanged on this very square of Aurangabad': AIMIM MP Imtiaz Jaleel |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/nupur-sharma-should-be-hanged-on-this-very-square-of-aurangabad-aimim-mp-imtiaz-jaleel/videoshow/92149686.cms |work=The Economic Times |access-date=1 March 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Prophet remarks row: Nupur Sharma should be hanged, says AIMIM MP Imtiaz Jaleel |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/prophet-remarks-row-nupur-sharma-should-be-hanged-says-aimim-mp-imtiaz-jaleel-1117219.html |work=Deccan Herald |date=11 June 2022 |access-date=1 March 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=His MP Imtiaz Jaleel seeks Nupur hanging, Asaduddin Owaisi says not party stand |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/his-mp-seeks-nupur-hanging-owaisi-says-not-party-stand-7965289/ |work=The Indian Express |date=12 June 2022 |access-date=1 March 2024}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://164.100.47.194/Loksabha/Members/MemberBioprofile.aspx?mpsno=5200 Biography Profile] at [[Lok Sabha]], [[Parliament of India]]
*{{Twitter|imtiaz_jaleel}}

{{17th LS members from Maharashtra}}
{{All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jaleel, Sayed Imtiyaz}}
[[Category:1968 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Maharashtra MLAs 2014–2019]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen politicians]]
[[Category:Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University alumni]]
[[Category:India MPs 2019–2024]]
[[Category:People from Aurangabad]]
[[Category:Indian Muslim politicians]]

Sripadaraja

2026-02-23T14:30:11Z

DarleneSeamon8:

{{Short description|Hindu saint and philosopher}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}

{{Infobox Hindu leader
| name = Lakshminarayana Tirtha
| image =
| religion = [[Hinduism]]
| birth_place = [[Abbur, Bangalore Rural|Abbur]], [[Channapatna]], India
| honors = {{IAST|Śrīpādarāja}}
| order = [[Vedanta]]
| guru = Svarnavarna Tirtha
| disciples = [[Vyasatirtha]]
| philosophy = [[Dvaita]], [[Vaishnavism]]
| literary_works = ''Vagvajra''
}}
{{Vaishnavism}}
{{DvaitaInfobox}}
'''Sripadaraja''' ({{langx|sa|श्रीपादराज}}; {{IAST|Śrīpādarāja}}) or '''Sripadaraya''', also known by his pontifical name '''Lakshminarayana Tirtha''', was a Hindu [[Dvaita Vedanta|Dvaita]] philosopher, scholar and composer and the pontiff of the [[Madhvacharya]] [[matha|mutt]] at [[Mulbagal]]. He is widely considered the founder of [[Haridasa]] movement along with [[Narahari Tirtha]]. He has influenced both [[Carnatic music]] and [[Hindustani music]] through his compositions. His songs and hymns, written under the ''[[Mudra (music)|mudra]]'' of '''''Ranga Vitthala''''', contain the distillation of Dvaita principles infused with mysticism and humanism.{{sfn| Jackson|2000|p=802}} He is also credited with the invention of the ''suladi'' musical structure and composed 133 of them along with several ''[[kirtan|kirtanas]]''.{{sfn|Jackson|2000|p=802}} He was the advisor of [[Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya]] and mentored the young [[Vyasatirtha]].{{sfn|Sharma|2000|p=251}} He also authored a commentary on [[Jayatirtha]]'s ''Nyaya Sudha'' called ''Nyayasudhopanyasa-Vagvajra''.{{Sfn|Sharma|2000|p=462}} Sripadaraja is believed to be the incarnation of [[Dhruva]].

==Life==
Sripadaraja was born in a [[Madhva Brahmin]] family{{Sfn|Hebbar|2005|p=205}} in Abbur, a village in Channapatna taluk, Karnataka. His father, Sheshagiriappa, served as an accountant while young Sripadaraja looked after the cattle, studying [[Sanskrit]] texts in his spare time. His mother was Giryamma.{{sfn|Jackson|2016|p=}} Tradition asserts that Sripadaraja was the cousin of Brahmanya Tirtha, who served as the pontiff of the [[Madhvacharya]] mutt at [[Abbur, Bangalore Rural|Abbur]] and the guru of [[Vyasatirtha]]. Legends speak of Svarnavarna Tirtha encountering young Sripadaraja on his way to Abbur and after a brief rapport, being amazed by the youth's innate intelligence. He would later tutor the youth and ordain him as a monk with the name ''Lakshminarayana Tirtha''. Lakshminarayana Tirtha eventually succeeded Svarnavarna Tirtha as the pontiff of the mutt at [[Mulbagal]]. Sripadaraja was a contemporary of Vibhudendra Tirtha,{{Sfn|Sharma|2000|p=461}} the progenitor of the [[Raghavendra Math]] who conferred upon him the title ''Sripadaraja'' or ''Sripadaraya''.{{Sfn|Devadevan|2016|pp=108-109}}{{Sfn|Sharma|2000|p=461}} Sripadaraja was considered the guru of [[Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya]] and educated [[Vyasatirtha]] in the Shastras.{{sfn|Jackson|2000|p=802}} His songs and hymns were sung during the nighttime [[Bhajans]] at his mutt.

==Works and Legacy==
Continuing the tradition of [[Vedanta]], he authored a commentary on ''Nyaya Sudha'' of Jayatirtha called ''Vagvajra'' which, according to Sharma, "is a lucid and attractive commentary in 3500 granthas".{{sfn|Sharma|2000|p=251}} He also adds that despite the exhaustive exposition and the graceful style, his role as a [[Haridasa]] eclipsed his scholarly work. He is often considered as the pioneer of [[Dasa Sahitya]] with his simple worded and spiritual hymns synchronised to music. Jackson conjectures that the simple and rural beginnings of Sripadaraya coupled with an intimate connection with his vernacular language influenced his poetry.{{sfn|Jackson|2000|p=801}} He composed 13,000 ''suladis'', which are songs containing a medley of different [[ragas]] and [[Tala (music)|talas]] often employed to set the mood of the narrative. Sharma notes "His songs are more sublime than those of any others, and possess a happy blending of rhythm and meaning".{{sfn|Sharma|1937|p=352}} Vyasatirtha, who succeeded him as the pontiff, furthered the musical legacy of Sripada by giving further impetus to the [[Haridasa]] movement, initiating bards like [[Purandara Dasa|Purandara]] and [[Kanaka Dasa|Kanaka]] and composing several ''kirtanas'' himself. He also composed the [[Madhvanama]], a composition about [[Vayu]] and his avatars, [[Hanuman]], [[Bhima]] and [[Madhvacharya]].

==References==
{{reflist|30 em}}

==Bibliography==
*{{Cite book|title=A Prehistory of Hinduism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0ZJdDwAAQBAJ|first=Manu V.|last=Devadevan|publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG|year=2016|isbn=978-3110517378}}
*{{cite book|title= The Sri-Krsna Temple at Udupi: The History and Spiritual Center of the Madhvite Sect of Hinduism|url=https://archive.org/details/SriKrsnaTempleAtUdupi|first=B.N|last=Hebbar|publisher=Bharatiya Granth Nikethan|year=2005|isbn=81-89211-04-8}}
*{{cite book |last= Jackson|first= William|title= Holy People of the World: A Cross-cultural Encyclopaedia|year=2000|publisher= ABC-CLIO|isbn= 9781576073551}}
*{{cite book |last= Jackson|first= William|title= Vijayanagara Voices: Exploring South Indian History and Hindu Literature|chapter=5 |year= 2016 |publisher= Routledge |isbn= 9781317001928}}
*{{cite book |last= Sharma|first=B.N.K|title= The Cultural Heritage Of Indian Vol 4|year= 1937 |publisher= RK Institute of Culture |isbn=978-8187332053}}
*{{cite book |last= Sharma|first= B.N.K|title= History of Dvaita school of Vedanta and its Literature, Vol 2 |orig-year=1961|year=2000|publisher= Motilal Banarasidass|edition=3rd|location= Bombay|isbn= 81-208-1575-0}}

==External links==
*[http://www.sripadarajamutt.org/ Sri Sripadaraja Mutt Official Web Site]

{{Madhva Religious Figures}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1404 births]]
[[Category:1502 deaths]]
[[Category:Dvaita Vedanta]]
[[Category:Dvaitin philosophers]]
[[Category:Haridasa]]
[[Category:Madhva religious leaders]]
[[Category:People from Ramanagara district]]
[[Category:Bhakti movement]]
[[Category:Scholars from Karnataka]]
[[Category:15th-century Indian scholars]]
[[Category:Indian Hindu monks]]
[[Category:Scholars from the Vijayanagara Empire]]
[[Category:15th-century Indian philosophers]]

Gangabal Lake

2026-02-16T17:36:24Z

DarleneSeamon8:

{{short description|Lake in Jammu & Kashmir, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2018}}
{{Infobox body of water
| name = Gangabal Lake
| image = Gangabal Lake.jpg
| alt = view of Gangabal lake
| caption = Gangabal Lake at the foot of [[Harmukh]]
| location = [[Ganderbal district]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| coords = {{coord|34|25|55|N|74|55|33|E|region:IN_type:waterbody|display=inline,title}}
| pushpin_map = Jammu and Kashmir#India
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Jammu and Kashmir
| pushpin_map_alt = Location of Gangabal lake within Jammu and Kashmir
| basin_countries = India
| type = [[Oligotrophic lake]]
| inflow = Melting glaciers
| outflow = [[Nundkol Lake]], which drains into [[Sind River]]
| area = 
| length = {{cvt|2.7|km|mi}}
| width = {{cvt|1|km|mi}}
| elevation = {{cvt|3576|m|ft}}{{sfn|Ahmed|Rawat|Wani|Ahmad|2022}}
| frozen = November to April
}}

'''Gangabal Lake''' ({{literally|place of [[Ganga]]}}), also called '''Haramukh Ganga''', is a high-altitude [[glacial lake]] situated at the foot of [[Harmukh|Mount Harmukh]] in the [[Indian Himalayan Region|Himalayas]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], India.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gaffarakashmir.com/trekking_kashmir.html |title=Trekking Kashmir |publisher=gaffarakashmir.in |access-date=19 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313064920/http://gaffarakashmir.com/trekking_kashmir.html |archive-date=13 March 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The lake has a maximum length of {{convert|2.5|km|mi}} and a maximum width of {{convert|1|km|mi}}, and is located in the [[Ganderbal district]]. It is fed by precipitation, glaciers, and springs, is [[oligotrophic lake|oligotrophic]] in nature and is home to many species of fish, including the [[brown trout]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/x2614e/x2614e05.htm |title=Fishes and Fisheries in high altitude lakes, Vishansar, Gadsar, Gangbal, Krishansar |publisher=Fao.org |access-date=19 April 2012 |archive-date=24 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924053536/http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/x2614e/x2614e05.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor-last=Petr |editor-first=T. |title=Fish and fisheries at higher altitudes : Asia |year=1999 |publisher=FAO |location=Rome |isbn=92-5-104309-4 |page=72 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z4HESCeJyZcC&q=Vishansar+Lake&pg=PA72 }}</ref> Water from the lake flows into the nearby [[Nundkol Lake]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kashmirfirst.com/articles/history/070509_haramukh_gangabal.htm |title=Harmukh Gangbal |publisher=kashmirfirst.com |access-date=22 May 2012 |archive-date=5 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131205054332/http://www.kashmirfirst.com/articles/history/070509_haramukh_gangabal.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> and then into [[Sind River]], of which it is considered the source per tradition, via Wangath Nallah.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nih.ernet.in/rbis/india_information/iNDUS_PROJECTS.htm |title=Indus projects |publisher=nih.ernet.net |access-date=22 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710143538/http://www.nih.ernet.in/rbis/india_information/iNDUS_PROJECTS.htm |archive-date=10 July 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Raina |first=Maharaj Krishen |title=Know Your Motherland – Gangabal Lake |url=http://ikashmir.net/mkraina/13.html |access-date=21 May 2012 |archive-date=28 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728033427/http://ikashmir.net/mkraina/13.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Dhar |first=D.N. |date=1999 |title=Artisan of the Paradise: Art and Artisans of Kashmir, from Ancient to Modern Times |publisher=Himalayan Research and Cultural Foundation |isbn=9788186505250 |page=83 }}</ref> This lake is considered sacred in Hinduism as one of the abodes of [[Shiva]], is a site of [[Yatra|Hindu pilgrimage]] and used by [[Kashmiri Hindus]] to perform ancestral and death rites.

==History==
[[File:Gangabal Lake, India, by George Strahan.jpg|thumb|left|1903 painting of the lake, showing the shrine on the left]]
Gangabal has been mentioned in several ancient Hindu Sanskrit texts, where it is referred to as ''Uttaramanasa'' and ''Uttara ganga'' ({{literally|northern [[Ganges|Ganga]]}}).{{sfn|Inden|2008|page=535}} It is mentioned in the [[Mahabharata]] as a place of pilgrimage, along with the ''Kalodaka'' or ''Nandikunda'' lake ([[Nundkol]]).{{sfn|Inden|2008|page=537}} The [[Vishnu Smriti]] mentions the lake as a place of pilgrimage for performing [[Śrāddha]].{{sfn|Inden|2008|page=537}} It is also mentioned as a place of pilgrimage in other Hindu texts, such as the ''[[Nilamata Purana]]'', as well as in chronicles such as the ''[[Rajatarangini]]''.{{sfn|Inden|2008|page=535}} In 1519, approximately 10,000 Kashmiri Brahmins died, possibly due to landslides and early snowstorms near Mahlish Meadow during their [[pilgrimage]] to Gangabal while immersing the ashes of Kashmiri Hindus who were killed by [[Mir Shams-ud-Din Araqi]] on the day of [[Ashura]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Bhatt |first=Saligram |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=It1LePnN2LsC&pg=PA116 |title=Kashmiri Scholars Contribution to Knowledge and World Peace: Proceedings of National Seminar by Kashmir Education Culture & Science Society (K.E.C.S.S.), New Delhi |date=2008 |publisher=APH Publishing |isbn=978-81-313-0402-0 |language=en }}</ref> British authors such as [[Walter Roper Lawrence]], [[Cecil Tyndale-Biscoe]], and [[Francis Younghusband]], who visited Kashmir during British colonial rule in India, also mentioned Gangabal Lake and its association with Hindu rites.<ref>{{cite book |last=Tyndale-Biscoe |first=Hugh |year=2018 |title=The Missionary and the Maharajas: Cecil Tyndale-Biscoe and the Making of Modern Kashmir |publisher=[[Bloomsbury Publishing]] |isbn=9781786735447 |page=261 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Younghusband |first1=Francis |last2=Molyneux |first2=Edward |date=1909 |title=Kashmir |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3xRDlW_YFCEC |place=United Kingdom |publisher=A. and C. Black. |page=110 }}</ref> In 1943, [[Vikram Sarabhai]], along with a team, measured cosmic rays near the lake.<ref>{{cite book |last=Shah |first=Amrita |date=2016 |title=Vikram Sarabhai: A Life |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |isbn=9789386057181 }}</ref>

==Religious significance==
[[File:Shiva shrine, Gangabal Lake.jpg|thumb|left|[[Shiva]] shrine at the Gangabal Lake]]
Gangabal Lake is sacred for Hindus, who consider it a manifestation of [[Ganga (goddess)|Ganga]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Shali |first=S.L. |date=2001 |title=Settlement Pattern in Relation to Climatic Changes in Kashmir |place=India |publisher=Om Publications |page=39 }}</ref> and the region to be an abode of Shiva.<ref name=DH>{{cite web |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/harmukh-gangabal-lake-pilgrimage-performed-in-kashmir-due-to-covid-19-879203.html |title=Harmukh Gangabal lake pilgrimage performed in Kashmir due to Covid-19 |work=[[Deccan Herald]] |date=28 August 2020 |access-date=25 January 2022 |archive-date=9 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241209033009/https://www.deccanherald.com/india/harmukh-gangabal-lake-pilgrimage-performed-in-kashmir-due-to-covid-19-879203.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Kashmiri Hindus [[Indian rituals after death#Niravapanjali|immerse the ashes]] of their dead after [[Antyesti|cremation]] in the lake, and consider it equivalent to the [[river Ganga]] and [[Haridwar]] for performing ancestral rites.<ref name=Nehru&Garyali>{{cite book |last1=Nehru |first1=Raj |last2=Gariyali |first2=C.K. |date=2022 |title=Kathasatisagar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QglyEAAAQBAJ |publisher=Repro India Limited |isbn=9789394534353 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=12 September 2016 |title=Braving Unrest, Pandits Perform Gangbal Yatra in Kashmir |language=en |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/braving-unrest-pandits-perform-gangbal-yatra-in-kashmir-2-1291746.html |access-date=25 January 2022 |archive-date=9 December 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241209025645/https://www.news18.com/news/india/braving-unrest-pandits-perform-gangbal-yatra-in-kashmir-2-1291746.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{citation |last=Sareen |first=T.R. |date=2004 |title=Socio-Economic And Political Development In South Asia (3 Vols.) |publisher=Isha Books |isbn=9788182050747 }}</ref> An annual pilgrimage, called Harmukh-Gangabal Yatra, starts from the 8th-century [[Wangath Temple complex]] at [[Naranag]].<ref name=DH/><ref>{{Cite news |last=Raina |first=Irfan |title=Annual Harmukh-Gangabal Yatra commences |language=en |url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/todays-paper/kashmir-todays-paper/annual-harmukh-gangabal-yatra-commences |work=Greater Kashmir |access-date=25 January 2022 |archive-date=25 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125092415/https://www.greaterkashmir.com/todays-paper/kashmir-todays-paper/annual-harmukh-gangabal-yatra-commences |url-status=live }}</ref> The lake is also invoked during the rituals of ''[[Magha Purnima#Kaaw Punim|Kaaw Punim]]'', a Kashmiri Hindu festival.<ref name=Nehru&Garyali/><ref>{{cite book |last=Bakshi |first=S.R. |date=1997 |title=Kashmir: History and People |publisher=Sarup |page=99 }}</ref> It is considered the traditional source of the [[Sind River]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Rabbani |first=G.M. |date=1981 |title=Ancient Kashmir: A Historical Perspective |place=India |publisher=Gulshan Publishers |page=29 }}</ref>

==Access==
Gangbal Lake is approached from [[Srinagar]], 45 kilometers by road via [[Ganderbal]] up to [[Naranag]], and then a trek of 15 kilometers upslope leads to the lake, which can be covered by a horse ride or on foot.<ref>{{citation |last1=Lovell-Hoare |first1=Max |last2=Lovell-Hoare |first2=Sophie |date=2014 |title=Kashmir: Jammu, Kashmir Valley, Ladakh, Zanskar |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |page=208 }}</ref> The [[Gujjar]] shepherds can be seen during the trek with their flocks of sheep and goats. Another trek (25 kilometers long) leads to the lake site from [[Sonamarg]] via the [[Vishansar Lake]], crossing three mountain passes, Nichnai pass, Gadsar pass, and Zajibal pass of an average elevation of 4100 meters.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kashmirtreks.com/naranag-gangabal-trek |title=Trek to Gangabal |publisher=kashmirtreks.com |access-date=5 January 2023 |archive-date=5 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230105101028/https://www.kashmirtreks.com/naranag-gangabal-trek/ |url-status=live }}</ref> It can also be accessed through a trek from [[Bandipore]] via Arin <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kashmirmount.org/track.html |title=Tracks of Kashmir |publisher=kashmirmount.org |access-date=22 May 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425074501/http://www.kashmirmount.org/track.html |archive-date=25 April 2012 }}</ref> and from [[Gurez]] via Tilel.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Hafizullah Dar |author2=Mudasir Ahmad Dar |chapter=Community Based Tourism Development in the Gurez Valley |editor1=Anna Staszewska |editor2=Shivam Bhartiya |editor3=Viana Hassa |title=Building Community Resiliency and Sustainability with Tourism Development |date=2024 |place=United States |publisher=IGI Global |page=117 }}</ref> The trek to the lake Gangabal takes place in an alpine [[Natural environment|environment]], (cut crossing) with meadows, (cut from) and huts of [[Gurjar|Gujjars]] with their herds crossing through two passes over 4,000 m to get to the lake Gangabal.

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Trekking near Gangbal Lake.jpg
File:GangbalPanorama1.jpg
File:Gangabal1.jpg
File:Gangabal4.jpg
File:Gangabal3.jpg
File:Harmukh.jpg
File:Horse riding near Gangbal Lake.JPG

</gallery>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{cite journal |last1=Ahmed |first1=Rayees |last2=Rawat |first2=Manish |last3=Wani |first3=Gowhar Farooq |last4=Ahmad |first4=Syed Towseef |last5=Jain |first5=Sanjay Kumar |last6=Meraj |first6=Gowhar |last7=Mir |first7=Riyaz Ahmad |last8=Rather |first8=Abid Farooq |last9=Farooq |first9=Majid |date=24 November 2022 |title=Glacial Lake Outburst Flood Hazard and Risk Assessment of Gangabal Lake in the Upper Jhelum Basin of Kashmir Himalaya Using Geospatial Technology and Hydrodynamic Modeling |journal=Remote Sensing |volume=14 |issue=23 |page=5957 |doi=10.3390/rs14235957 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2022RemS...14.5957A}}
*{{citation |last=Inden |first=Ronald |author-link=Ronald Inden |year=2008 |chapter=Kashmir as Paradise on Earth |editor-last=Rao |editor-first=Aparna |editor-link=Aparna Rao |title=The Valley of Kashmir: The Making and Unmaking of a Composite Culture |pages=523–562 |publisher=Manohar |isbn=978-81-7304-751-0}}

{{portal bar|Lakes}}
{{Kashmir Valley}}
{{Hydrography of Jammu and Kashmir}}

[[Category:Lakes of Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Geography of Ganderbal district]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Ganderbal district]]
[[Category:Sacred lakes of India]]

William Davis (Royal Navy officer)

2026-02-12T10:36:48Z

DarleneSeamon8: expand layout after review and cleaned formatting per standard format

{{Short description|Royal Navy Admiral (1901–1987)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox military person
|honorific_prefix= [[Admiral (Royal Navy)|Admiral]]
|name= Sir William Davis
|honorific_suffix= {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100|GCB|DSO1}}
|image=
|image_size=
|alt=
|caption=
|nickname=
|birth_date= {{birth date|1901|10|11|df=yes}}
|birth_place= [[Shimla]], [[British India|India]]
|death_date= {{death date and age|1987|10|29|1901|10|11|df=yes}}
|death_place= [[Gloucester]], [[Gloucestershire]], England
|placeofburial=
|allegiance= United Kingdom
|branch= [[Royal Navy]]
|serviceyears= 1915–1960
|rank= [[Admiral (Royal Navy)|Admiral]]
|unit=
|commands= [[Home Fleet]] (1958–60) {{HMS|Mauritius|80|6}} (1943–44)
|battles= [[First World War]] [[Second World War]]
|awards= [[Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath]] [[Distinguished Service Order]] & [[Medal bar|Bar]] [[Mentioned in Despatches]] (4)
|relations=
|laterwork=
}}
[[Admiral (Royal Navy)|Admiral]] '''Sir William Wellclose Davis''', {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100|sep=,|GCB|DSO1}} (11 October 1901 – 29 October 1987) was a British [[Royal Navy]] officer who served as [[Vice Chief of the Naval Staff (United Kingdom)|Vice Chief of the Naval Staff]] from 1954 to 1957.

==Early life and education==
Davis was the elder son of Walter Stewart Davis (1856–1946), of the Indian Political Department, and Georgina (died 1925), daughter of David Ross. The Davis family were landed gentry, of Well Close, [[Brockworth]], [[Gloucestershire]]; Davis's middle name came from the family estate.<ref name="Burke's Landed Gentry 1952, pp. 623">Burke's Landed Gentry, 17th edition, ed. L. G. Pine, Burke's Peerage Ltd, 1952, pp. 623–624</ref><ref name="Armorial Families 1905, p. 511">Armorial Families: a directory of gentlemen of coat-armour, seventh edition, vol. 1, A. C. Fox-Davies, T. C. & E. C. Jack, 1905, p. 511</ref> Davis was educated at [[Summer Fields School]] in [[Oxford]], the [[Royal Naval College, Osborne]], and the [[Britannia Royal Naval College|Royal Naval College, Dartmouth]].<ref name="janus">{{cite web|title=The Papers of Admiral Sir William Wellclose Davis|url=https://archivesearch.lib.cam.ac.uk/repositories/9/resources/1890|publisher=Archivesearch, Churchill Archives Centre|accessdate=3 February 2019}}</ref>

==Naval career==
Davis joined the [[Royal Navy]] in 1915, during the [[First World War]].<ref name=lh>[http://www.kcl.ac.uk/lhcma/locreg/DAVIS2.shtml Sir William Davis] Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives</ref>

He also saw active service in the [[Second World War]], initially as [[executive officer]] on the [[battlecruiser]] {{HMS|Hood|51|6}}. From 1940 he was Deputy Director of Plans at the [[British Admiralty|Admiralty]] and then, from 1943, returned to sea as commander of the [[cruiser]] {{HMS|Mauritius|80|6}}, in which he was involved in the [[Allied invasion of Sicily|Sicily landings]], the [[Normandy landings]], and the [[Battle of Audierne Bay|action at Audierne Bay]].<ref name=lh/> From November 1944 to February 1946 he was appointed [[Department of the Director of Underwater Weapons Materials|Director of Torpedoes and Mining]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mackie |first1=Colin |title=Royal Navy Senior Appointments from 1865: Director of Torpedoes and Mining |url=http://www.gulabin.com/armynavy/pdf/Senior%20Royal%20Navy%20Appointments%201865-.pdf |website=gulabin.com |publisher=C. Mackie |accessdate=3 February 2019 |page=39|date=January 2018}}</ref>

After the war Davis was made [[Department of the Director of Underwater Weapons Materials|Director of Underwater Weapons]] at the Admiralty and then, from 1948, chief of staff to the [[Home Fleet|Commander-in-Chief, Home Fleet]].<ref name=lh/> He became [[Naval Secretary]] in 1950 and Flag Officer, Second in Command of the [[Mediterranean Fleet]] in 1952.<ref name=lh/> He went on to be [[Vice Chief of the Naval Staff (United Kingdom)|Vice Chief of the Naval Staff]] in 1954 and Commander-in-Chief, Home Fleet and Commander-in-Chief, Eastern Atlantic Area in 1958.<ref name=lh/> He was [[List of First and Principal Naval Aides-de-Camp|First and Principal Naval Aide-de-camp]] to [[Elizabeth II|the Queen]] from 1959 to 1960.<ref name=lh/> He retired in 1960.<ref name=lh/>

==Family==
Davis married Lady Gertrude Elizabeth Phipps, daughter of [[Constantine Phipps, 3rd Marquess of Normanby]], on 28 April 1934; they went on to have two sons and two daughters.<ref name="Burke's Landed Gentry 1952, pp. 623"/> His first cousin was the actor [[Stringer Davis]], husband of [[Margaret Rutherford]].<ref name="Burke's Landed Gentry 1952, pp. 623"/><ref name="Armorial Families 1905, p. 511"/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-mil}}
{{succession box|title=[[Naval Secretary]]|before=[[Peveril William-Powlett]]|after=[[Richard Onslow (Royal Navy officer)|Richard Onslow]]|years=1950–1952}}
|-
{{succession box|title=[[Vice Chief of the Naval Staff (United Kingdom)|Vice Chief of the Naval Staff]]|before=[[Guy Grantham|Sir Guy Grantham]]|after=[[Caspar John|Sir Caspar John]]|years=1954–1957}}
|-
{{succession box | title=[[Home Fleet|Commander in Chief, Home Fleet]] | before=[[John Eccles (Royal Navy officer)|Sir John Eccles]] | after=[[Wilfrid Woods|Sir Wilfrid Woods]] | years=1958–1960}}
|-
{{s-hon}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Guy Grantham|Sir Guy Grantham]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of First and Principal Naval Aides-de-Camp|First and Principal Naval Aide-de-Camp]]|years=1959–1960}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Caspar John|Sir Caspar John]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Davis, William}}
[[Category:1901 births]]
[[Category:1987 deaths]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Shimla]]
[[Category:People educated at Summer Fields School]]
[[Category:People educated at the Royal Naval College, Osborne]]
[[Category:Graduates of Britannia Royal Naval College]]
[[Category:Royal Navy officers of World War I]]
[[Category:Royal Navy officers of World War II]]
[[Category:Royal Navy admirals]]
[[Category:Lords of the Admiralty]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath]]
[[Category:Companions of the Distinguished Service Order]]
[[Category:Deputy lieutenants of Gloucestershire]]

Ekusher Gaan

2026-02-11T21:49:09Z

DarleneSeamon8: adjust structure also and added references per standard format

{{short description|Bengali patriotic song}}
{{More citations needed|date=January 2026}}
{{Infobox anthem
| title = {{lang|bn|একুশের গান}}
| transcription = {{translit|bn|Ekusher Gan}}
| english_title = "Song of the Twentyfirst"
| image = Shaheed Minar.JPG
| caption = [[Shaheed Minar, Dhaka|Shaheed Minar]] of Dhaka
| author = [[Abdul Gaffar Choudhury]]
| composer = [[Altaf Mahmud]]
| lyrics_date = 1952
| music_date = 1969
}}
{{Contains special characters|Bengali}}
"'''Ekusher Gan'''" ({{langx|bn|একুশের গান}} {{IPA|bn|ˈekuʃeɾ gan|}}; "Song of the Twentyfirst"), more popularly known by its incipit as "'''Amar Bhaiyer Rokte Rangano'''" ({{langx|bn|আমার ভাইয়ের রক্তে রাঙানো|link=no}} {{IPA|bn|ˈamaɾ ˈbʱai̯jeɾ ˈrɔkte ˈraŋano|}}; "My Brothers' Blood Spattered"), is a Bengali [[protest song]] written by [[Abdul Gaffar Choudhury]] to mark the [[Bengali language movement]] in 1952 [[East Bengal]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |author=Harun ur Rashid |date=12 November 2004 |title=Ekush |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/magazine/2004/11/02/bookr.htm |magazine=Star Weekend Magazine |access-date=2018-01-29}}</ref> It was first published anonymously in the last page of a newspaper with the headline ''Ekusher Gaan'', but was later published in ''Ekushey''{{'}}s February edition.

The song was initially written as a poem in 1952 at the bedside of an injured language movement activist who was shot by the Pakistani military police.<ref>{{Harv|Al Helal|2003|pp=586–89}}</ref> The cultural secretary of the [[Jubo League]] gave the poem to [[Abdul Latif (musician)|Abdul Latif]] to put to a tune, which Latif Atikul Islam first sang. The students of [[Dhaka College]] also sung the song when they attempted to build a [[Shaheed Minar, Dhaka|Shaheed Minar]] on their college premises, getting them expelled from the college. [[Altaf Mahmud]], a renowned composer and a martyr of the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], recomposed the song in 1969 using Abdul Latif's version, which is now a quasi-official tune.

The song is often recognized as the most influential song of the language movement, reminding numerous Bangladeshis about the conflicts of 1952. Every [[International Mother Language Day|21 February]] sees people from all parts of the [[Bangladesh]] heading to the Shaheed Minar in the ''probhat feri'', a barefoot march to the monument, paying homage to those killed in the language movement demonstrations by singing this song. It is regarded by the listeners of [[BBC]] Bengali Service as the third best song in [[Bengali language|Bengali]].{{citation needed|date=January 2026}}

==Lyrics==
{| class=৪
![[Bengali language|Bengali]] original
![[Romanisation of Bengali]]
!English translation by [[Kabir Chowdhury]]<ref>Glassie, Henry and Mahmud, Feroz. 2008. Living Traditions. Cultural Survey of Bangladesh Series-II. Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Dhaka. pp. 578–579</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/ekusher-gaan-13430 |title=Ekusher Gaan |date=2014-02-28 |work=The Daily Star |access-date=2018-01-29 |language=en}}</ref>
|- style="valign:top; white-space:nowrap;"
|<poem>{{lang|bn|আমার ভাইয়ের রক্তে রাঙানো একুশে ফেব্রুয়ারি
আমি কি ভুলিতে পারি
ছেলেহারা শত মায়ের অশ্রু গড়ায়ে ফেব্রুয়ারি
আমি কি ভুলিতে পারি
আমার সোনার দেশের রক্তে রাঙানো ফেব্রুয়ারি
আমি কি ভুলিতে পারি।।

জাগো নাগিনীরা জাগো নাগিনীরা জাগো কালবোশেখীরা
শিশু হত্যার বিক্ষোভে আজ কাঁপুক বসুন্ধরা,
দেশের সোনার ছেলে খুন করে রোখে মানুষের দাবী
দিন বদলের ক্রান্তিলগ্নে তবু তোরা পার পাবি?
না, না, না, না খুন রাঙা ইতিহাসে শেষ রায় দেওয়া তারই
একুশে ফেব্রুয়ারি একুশে ফেব্রুয়ারি।

সেদিনও এমনি নীল গগনের বসনে শীতের শেষে
রাত জাগা চাঁদ চুমো খেয়েছিল হেসে;
পথে পথে ফোটে রজনীগন্ধা অলকনন্দা যেন,
এমন সময় ঝড় এলো এক খ্যাপা বুনো।।

সেই আঁধারের পশুদের মুখ চেনা,
তাহাদের তরে মায়ের, বোনের, ভায়ের চরম ঘৃণা
ওরা গুলি ছোঁড়ে এদেশের প্রাণে দেশের দাবীকে রোখে
ওদের ঘৃণ্য পদাঘাত এই সারা বাংলার বুকে
ওরা এদেশের নয়,
দেশের ভাগ্য ওরা করে বিক্রয়
ওরা মানুষের অন্ন, বস্ত্র, শান্তি নিয়েছে কাড়ি
একুশে ফেব্রুয়ারি একুশে ফেব্রুয়ারি।।

তুমি আজ জাগো তুমি আজ জাগো একুশে ফেব্রুয়ারি
আজো জালিমের কারাগারে মরে বীর ছেলে বীর নারী
আমার শহীদ ভায়ের আত্মা ডাকে
জাগো মানুষের সুপ্ত শক্তি হাটে মাঠে ঘাটে বাটে
দারুণ ক্রোধের আগুনে আবার জ্বালবো ফেব্রুয়ারি
একুশে ফেব্রুয়ারি একুশে ফেব্রুয়ারি।।}}</poem>
|<poem>{{translit|bn|Amar bhaiyer rokte rangano ekushe Februari
Ami ki bhulite pari
Chelehara shat mayer oshru goraye Februari
Ami ki bhulite pari
Amar shonar desher rokte rangano Februari
Ami ki bhulite pari

Jago naginira jago naginira jago kalboshekhira
Shishu hottar bikkhobhe aj kãpuk boshundhora,
Desher shonar chele khun kore rokhe manusher dabi
Din bodoler krantilogne tobu tora par pabi?
Na, na, na, na khun ranga itihashe shesh ray dewa taroi
Ekushe Februari, ekushe Februari.

Shedino emoni nil gogoner boshone shiter sheshe
Rat jaga cãd cumo kheyechil heshe;
Pothe pothe phote Rajanigandha oloknonda jen,
Emon shomoy jhoṛ elo ek khaepa buno.

Sei ãdharer poshuder mukh cena,
Tahader tore mayer, boner, bhayer corom ghrina
Ora gulo chõre edesher prane desher dabike rokhe
Oder ghrinno podaghat ei shara Banglar buke
Ora edesher noy,
Desher bhaggo ora kore bikroy
Ora manusher onno, bostro, shanti niyeche kari
Ekushe Februari, ekushe Februari.

Tumi aj jago tumi aj jago ekushe Februari
Ajo jalimer karagare more bir chele, bir nari
Amar shohid bhayer atta dake
Jago manusher supto shokti haṭe maṭhe ghaṭe baṭe
Darun krodher agune abar jalbo Februari
Ekushe Februari, ekushe Februari.|italic=no}}</poem>
|<poem>My brothers' blood spattered on the twentyfirst of February
Can I forget the twentyfirst of February
incarnadined by the love of my brother?
The twentyfirst of February, built by the tears
of a hundred mothers robbed of their sons,
Can I ever forget it?

Wake up all serpents, all summer thunderstorms,
Let the whole world rise up in anger and protest against the massacre of innocent children.
They tried to crush the demand of the people by murdering the golden sons of the land.
Can they get away with it at this hour when the times are poised for a radical change?
No, no, no, no, in the history reddened by blood
The final verdict has been given already by the twentyfirst of February.

It was a smooth and pleasant night with the winter nearly gone,
and the moon smiling in the blue sky,
and lovely fragrant flowers blossoming on the roadside,
and all of a sudden rose a storm.

Fierce like a wild horde of savage beasts, even in the darkness we know who those beasts were.
On them we shower the bitterest hatred of all mothers, brothers and sisters.
They fired at the soul of this land,
They tried to silence the demand of the people,
They kicked at the bosom of Bengal, they did not belong to this country.
They wanted to sell away her good fortune.
They robbed the people of food, clothing and peace.
On them we shower our bitterest hatred.

Awaken today, the twentyfirst of February.
Our heroic boys and girls still languish in the prisons of the tyrant.
The souls of my martyred brothers still cry.
But today everywhere the somnolent strength of the people have begun to stir,
And we shall set February ablaze by the flame of our fierce anger.
How can I ever forget the twentyfirst of February?</poem>
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{Citation |surname1=Al Helal |given1=B |author-link=Bashir Al Helal |year=2003 |title=Bhasha Andoloner Itihas (History of the Language Movement) |publisher=[[Agamee Prakashani]], Dhaka |isbn=984-401-523-5 |language=}}
{{Language Movement}}

[[Category:Bengali-language literature]]
[[Category:Music of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi patriotic songs]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi songs]]
[[Category:Songs in Bengali]]
[[Category:Works about the Bengali language movement]]
[[Category:Songs about language]]
[[Category:1952 in East Bengal]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi anthems]]
[[Category:Protest songs]]

M.L. Dahanukar College of Commerce

2026-02-10T00:38:40Z

DarleneSeamon8: created new article

{{Short description|Commerce college in Mumbai, India}}
{{more citations needed|date=July 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2015}}
{{Infobox university
|name = M.L. Dahanukar College of Commerce
|former_names= Parle Commerce College
|logo =
|seal_image =
|image =
|image_size =
|alt =
|caption =
|motto =
|motto_translation =
|location =
|streetaddress =
|region = [[Ville Parle]]
|city = [[Mumbai]]
|state = [[Maharashtra]]
|postcode =
|country = India
|coordinates =
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_label =
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
|established ={{start date and age|1960}}
|president =
|principal = Dnyaneshwar Doke
|staff =
|faculty =
|teaching_staff =
|employees =
|enrollment =
|enrollment_as_of =
|campus =
|campus_size =
|area =
|campus_type =
|athletics =
|mascot =
|website = {{URL|https://www.mldcc.com}}
|footnotes =
}}

'''M. L. Dahanukar College of Commerce''' (also known as '''Dahanukar College''') is a commerce stream college in suburban [[Mumbai]], India. The college is affiliated to the [[University of Mumbai]] and was founded by the [[Parle Tilak Vidyalaya Association]] in 1960. {{As of|2011}}, the college had an [[National Assessment and Accreditation Council|NAAC]] accreditation of B+ and enrolled over 5,200 students.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://examresults.raftaar.in/Exam-Results/Naac-Accredited-Colleges-Accredited-Universities/College/Maharashtra |title=Maharashtra National Assessment and Accreditation Council |website=examresults.raftaar.in |access-date=22 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111109210108/http://examresults.raftaar.in/Exam-Results/Naac-Accredited-Colleges-Accredited-Universities/College/Maharashtra |archive-date=9 November 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

==History==
M. L. Dahanukar College of Commerce was established in June 1960, by [[Parle Tilak Vidyalaya Association]] as the '''''Parle Commerce College'''''. It was renamed ''Mahadev Laxman Dahanukar College of Commerce'' in 1961 as a result of the generous donation of {{INR}} 3 lakhs from the Industrial House of Dahanukars.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.mldcc.com/webpages/about_hl.html |title=About us |access-date=28 September 2017 |archive-date=29 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170929044801/https://www.mldcc.com/webpages/about_hl.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> It was the first commerce college in the suburbs of Mumbai to 'impart quality education to the youth of Mumbai, particularly to the residents of [[Vile Parle]] and neighboring suburbs'.

==Academics==
Dahanukar College is a co-educational institution and is affiliated to the University of Mumbai.
<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120311160307/http://joiye.com/education/colleges/junior-college/m-l-dahanukar-college-of-commerce/ M L Dahanukar College of Commerce]</ref> The Institution receive grant-in-aid of the State Government. The college is recognized by the [[University Grants Commission (India)|University Grants Commission]] under section 2 (f) and 12 (b) of the U. G. C. Act of 1956.<ref name=punjabcolleges>{{Cite web |url=http://www.punjabcolleges.com/5522314-itemdisplay-NAAC-report-of-ML-Dahanukar-College-of-Commerce-Mumbai-(Bombay).htm |title=NAAC report of ML Dahanukar College of Commerce | Mumbai (Bombay) news |access-date=30 June 2011 |archive-date=16 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316215727/http://www.punjabcolleges.com/5522314-itemdisplay-NAAC-report-of-ML-Dahanukar-College-of-Commerce-Mumbai-(Bombay).htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Curriculum===
As an affiliated college of the University of Mumbai, M. L. Dahanukar College follows the [[curriculum]] and regulation of the university.<ref name=punjabcolleges /> The syllabi in Commerce and Management Studies incorporate multi-disciplinary / interdisciplinary components and a certain amount of flexibility. The college has 8 departments viz. [[Commerce]], [[Accountancy]], [[Economics]], [[Mathematics]] and [[Statistics]], [[Psychology]], Business Law, Business Communication and Environmental Studies. The institution offers a few optionals / electives both at B.Com. and M.Com. level.

The college also offers the career oriented courses viz. Bachelor of Management Studies and Bachelor of Commerce (accounts and finance), Bachelor of Commerce (banking and insurance), Bachelor of Commerce (financial markets), Bachelor of Mass Media, Bachelor of Science in information technology, Master of Science in information technology. These two self-financing courses not only provide better choice for students but also cater to the demands and needs of industries and business establishment. Five postgraduate diploma courses are also offered for the benefit of students. These diploma courses are in business management, marketing management, financial management, material management and human resource development.{{citation needed|date=September 2022}}

The college also offers P. E. 1 course of I. C. A. I. Co-curricular activities are encouraged through various associations in the college. A one-day workshop was organized by the Department of Accountancy on Financial Accounting and Auditing.

===Library===
There are 45,000 books in the library. The library subscribes to 30 journals / periodicals. There is also facility for inter-library exchange. The library provides book-bank facility to the needy students.{{citation needed|date=September 2022}}

==Student life==
The college has facilities both for Indoor games and outdoor games. A large number of students have participated in various sports events at the intercollegiate & regional levels.<ref name="punjabcolleges"/>

The college, like other colleges in Mumbai City, has its own annual festival named ''"Kurukshetra"''.<ref>https://mldcczunj.blogspot.com/p/about_13.html{{dead link|date=May 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Sporting and cultural activities play an important role in the festival. The college also participates in various inter-college events including Mumbai University's "Youth Fest" where it stood third in academic year 2010-11 beating 165 other colleges.{{citation needed|date=September 2022}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.mldcc.com/}}
* [https://archive.today/20120701013459/http://mldcczunj.blogspot.com/p/about_13.html Zunj Festival Website]

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Universities and colleges in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Commerce colleges in India]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges established in 1960]]
[[Category:1960 establishments in Maharashtra]]

Anukriti Gusain

2026-01-31T01:00:00Z

DarleneSeamon8: adding

{{short description|Indian model, television host}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}

{{BLP sources|date=January 2026}}{{Infobox pageant titleholder
|name = Anukriti Gusain Rawat
|image = Foundation_day_of_our_NGO.jpg
|image_size =
|caption =Gusain in 2020
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1994|03|25}}
|birth_place = [[Lansdowne, Uttarakhand]], India
|occupation = [[Politician]], [[Social activist]], model, [[Television anchor|television host and presenter]]
|title = ''{{ubl
|Bride of the World India 2013
|[[Femina Miss India Delhi 2013]]
|Femina Miss India Asia World 2014
|[[Femina Miss India 2017|Femina Miss India Uttarakhand 2017]]
|[[Miss Grand India |Femina Miss Grand India 2017]]
}}''
|competitions = ''[[Femina Miss India 2013]] (Top 5) [[Miss Asia Pacific World 2014]] (4th Runner-up) [[Femina Miss India 2017]] (Top 6) [[Miss Grand International 2017]] (Top 20)''
|height =
|eye_color = Brown
|hair_color = Black
|spouse = Tushit Rawat
|party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
}}
'''Anukriti Gusain''' (born 25 March 1994) is an Indian politician and social activist from [[Uttarakhand]], affiliated with the [[Bharatiya Janata Party|Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)]]. She has been actively involved in politics, focusing on social welfare and community development in her home state. Initially contesting the [[Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly]] elections as a candidate of the Indian National Congress (INC), she later joined the [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] in April 2024, aligning with the party's vision for regional progress. Beyond her political engagements, Anukriti serves as the President of the Mahila Utthan Evam Bal Kalyan Sansthan, an NGO dedicated to women's empowerment and child welfare, through which she has implemented various skill development programs across Uttarakhand.

She won the title of [[Femina Miss India|Femina Miss India Grand International 2017]] at [[Femina Miss India 2017]] pageant.
She was previously crowned [[Miss Asia Pacific World|Miss India Asia Pacific World]] 2014 and represented India at [[Miss Asia Pacific World 2014]]. She made a comeback to pageantry in 2017, when she won [[Femina Miss India|Femina Miss India Uttarakhand 2017]] and represented India in [[Femina Miss India|Miss Grand international]] in Vietnam.

==Early life==
Anukriti was born in [[Lansdowne, India|Lansdowne]] of [[Pauri Garhwal district]] in north Indian state of [[Uttarakhand]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://htsyndication.com/htsportal/article?arid=%221043023%22&pub=%22Garhwal+Post%22 |title=Votes sought for Miss India contestant |work=htsyndication.com |date=5 March 2013 |access-date=7 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035927/http://htsyndication.com/htsportal/article?arid=%221043023%22&pub=%22Garhwal+Post%22 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://feminamissindia.indiatimes.com/photoshow/17664413.cms?curpg=3 |title=Anukriti Gusain - Profile |work=The Times of India |access-date=19 March 2013 |archive-date=15 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515050750/http://feminamissindia.indiatimes.com/photoshow/17664413.cms?curpg=3 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Career==
* Executive Director Doon Institute of medical sciences Dehradun 2018 Present. 3 yrs
* Joint CEO Ingreen nature's herb private limited 2018 Present • 3 yrs
* President Mahila Utthan Evam Bal Kalyan Sansthan (NGO) 2018 Present • 3 yrs
* Software Developer Cognizant (2017)
* Bennett Coleman and Co. Ltd. (Times Group) 1 yr 10 months.
* Miss Asia Pacific World India 2014
* Miss Grand International 2017

===Femina Miss India===
[[Femina Miss India Delhi 2013]] was a regional pageant for participation Internationally. She won [[Femina Miss India Delhi 2013]]. She won two sub titles there including ''Femina Miss Timeless Beauty'' and ''Femina Miss Glowing Skin''.

Gusain was one of the top five finalist of [[Femina Miss India 2013]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Femina-Miss-India-2013/liveblog/19174232.cms |title=Femina Miss India 2013 Grand Finale |publisher=Times of India Portal}}</ref> which was held in [[Mumbai]] on 24 March 2013. Gusain has also titled with ''Miss Beautiful Smile''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://photogallery.indiatimes.com/beauty-pageants/miss-india/PFMI-2013-Sub-contest-winners/articleshow/19103306.cms |title=Anukriti Gusain wins the title of 'Closup Femina Miss Beautiful Smile' |work=The Times of India}}</ref> and ''Miss Photogenic''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://photogallery.indiatimes.com/beauty-pageants/miss-india/pfmi-2013-sub-contest-winners/articleshow/19102746.cms |title=Sub-Title 'Femina Miss Photogenic' Anukriti Gusain |work=The Times of India}}</ref> in Sub Contest Awards of [[Femina Miss India 2013|Miss India 2013]]. Gusain is winner of Pond's Femina Miss India Delhi 2013, there were 14 finalists in the last round of Pond's [[Femina Miss India Delhi 2013]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://feminamissindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/17969660.cms |title=POND'S Femina Miss India Delhi 2013 WINNERS UNVEILED! |publisher=IndiaTimes Portal |access-date=19 March 2013 |archive-date=29 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130129223513/http://feminamissindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/17969660.cms |url-status=dead }}</ref> In addition to winning the competition, she also won ''PCJ Femina Miss Timeless Beauty'' and ''Pond's Femina Miss Glowing skin''.

===Miss Supertalent of the World===
She was crowned Femina Miss India 2014 and represented India at [[Miss Supertalent]] of the World 2014 held at Grand [[Hilton Hotels]] in [[Seoul]], Korea and was crowned the ''4th Runner up''.<ref name="bccltfbp">{{cite web |date=1 June 2014 |title=Miss India 2013 finalist Anukruti Gusain is the fourth runner-up at Miss Asia Pacific World 2014. |url=http://beautypageants.indiatimes.com/miss-asia-pacific/archives/Miss-India-2013-finalist-Anukruti-Gusain-is-the-fourth-runner-up-at-Miss-Asia-Pacific-World-2014/articleshow/35887645.cms |work=Times of India News}}</ref> Gusain wore gold gowns, a cocktail sari and a bodysuit for the main event designed by Raakesh Agarvwal.<ref>{{cite web |title=What will Indian beauty Anukriti Gusain wear at Miss Asia Pacific World pageant? Anukriti to flaunt Agarvwal's designs at Miss Asia Pacific World |url=http://www.apunkachoice.com/content/slide_show/sid100019898-what_will_indian_beauty_anukriti_gusain_wear_at_miss_asia_pacific_world_pageant/ |work=apunkachoice.com |date=24 May 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527061039/http://www.apunkachoice.com/content/slide_show/sid100019898-what_will_indian_beauty_anukriti_gusain_wear_at_miss_asia_pacific_world_pageant |archive-date=27 May 2014}}</ref>

===Miss Grand International 2017===
Anukriti represented India at Miss Grand International 2017. She was considered as one of the top contenders for the pageant. Being consistent in all the activities, she won people's hearts. She was able to earn a spot in top 20 at the pageant which was held in Vietnam on 25 September 2017, but was not able to go further. Apart from this, she was a top 10 for best in national costume and swimsuit competition.

==Awards==
* She is awarded, ''Mahatma Gandhi Samman 2014'' for representing India in international beauty pageant.
* Award from ''Uttarakhand Film Association'' to felicitated for her contribution in respective creative field.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/community/kumaoni-singer-rana-gets-lifetime-award/22591.html |title=Kumaoni singer Rana gets lifetime award |work=The Tribune}}</ref>

==Social work==
* Her NGO is running several skill training centre to skill the women of Uttarakhand. The centre provide free skill training and entrepreneurship opportunities in various fields like food processing, general duty assistant, COVID CARE Frontline Workers, agriculture, mason tiling, floriculture, hospitality, etc. and has employed several people through these schemes.{{citation needed|date=February 2022}}

==Politics==
She contested 2022 Uttarakhand Assembly elections on the ticket of Congress from Lansdowne constituency. She received a total of 14636 votes. She was defeated by Bhartiya Janta Party candidate Daleep Singh Rawat. Daleep received total 24504 votes. She joined the Bharatiya Janata Party in 2024.

==TV shows==
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;"
|-
! Year !! Show name !! Role !! Channel
|-
| 2015 ||'''''Planet Bollywood News'''''|| Host|| [[Zoom (Indian TV channel)|Zoom TV]]
|}

==External links==

{{S-start}}
{{S-ach}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Srishti Rana]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Femina Miss India|Miss India Asia Pacific World]]
|years=[[Femina Miss India 2014|2014]]}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Swetha Raj]]}}
{{S-bef|before={{flagicon|SWE}} [[Moa Madicken Öberg]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Miss Asia Pacific World]] 4th runner up
|years=[[Miss Asia Pacific World 2014|2014]]}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Swetha Raj]]}}
{{S-bef|before=First Winner}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Femina Miss India 2013|Femina Bride of India]]
|years=[[Femina Miss India 2013|2013]]}}
{{S-aft|after='''TBA'''}}
{{s-bef|before=First Winner}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Femina Miss India Delhi 2013|Femina Miss India Delhi]]
|years=[[Femina Miss India Delhi 2013|2013]]}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Koyal Rana]]}}
{{S-end}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Commonscatinline}}

{{Indian Beauty Pageant Representatives}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gusain, Anukriti}}
[[Category:1994 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian women television presenters]]
[[Category:Indian television presenters]]
[[Category:Female models from Uttarakhand]]
[[Category:Indian beauty pageant winners]]
[[Category:People from Pauri Garhwal district]]
[[Category:Engineers from Uttarakhand]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women engineers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian engineers]]
[[Category:Miss Grand India]]
[[Category:Miss Grand International 2017 delegates]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Uttarakhand]]

Kalamandalam Rama Chakyar

2026-01-12T04:26:21Z

DarleneSeamon8: added a info.

{{short description|Indian Koodiyattam dancer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2025}}
'''Kalamandalam Rama Chakyar''' (also spelled as '''Kalamandalam Ramanchakyar''') is a [[Koodiyattam]] artist from [[Kerala]], [[India]].

==Biography==
He was born in 1950, to Koyppa Chakyar Madam Kavutty Illodamma and Ammannoor Parameswara Chakyar at [[Painkulam]] village in [[Thrissur district]].<ref name="Mathrubhumi">{{cite news |title=കലാമണ്ഡലം രാമ ചാക്യാര്‍ |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/books/special/mbifl2019/speakers/kalamandalam-rama-chakyar-mbifl2019-1.3474972 |work=Mathrubhumi |language=ml |access-date=2021-12-24 |archive-date=2021-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211224075012/https://www.mathrubhumi.com/books/special/mbifl2019/speakers/kalamandalam-rama-chakyar-mbifl2019-1.3474972 |url-status=live }}</ref> His father was a great scholar of "Kramadeepika" and "Attaprakaram".<ref name="Kerala Tourism">{{cite web |title=Kalamandalam Rama Chakyar, Enchanting Kerala, Newsletter, Kerala Tourism |url=https://www.keralatourism.org/kerala-article/2011/kalamandalam-rama-chakyar/106 |website=Kerala Tourism |publisher=Department of Tourism, Kerala Government |language=en |access-date=2021-12-24 |archive-date=2022-01-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121072100/https://www.keralatourism.org/kerala-article/2011/kalamandalam-rama-chakyar/106 |url-status=live }}</ref> At the age of twelve, he started learning Koodiyattam from his maternal grand uncle [[Ramanchakyar|Painkulam Rama Chakyar]].<ref name="Kerala Tourism"/> When his uncle joined in [[Kerala Kalamandalam]] in 1965,<ref name="Kerala Tourism"/> he continued learning Koodiayattam in Kerala Kalamandalam, and later he became Chairman of the Koodiyattam department of the Kerala Kalamandalam.<ref name="Mathrubhumi"/> He is currently a visiting professor at Kerala Kalamandalam.<ref name="Mathrubhumi"/>

==Awards and honours==
* 2013: Kerala Government's Nrithanatya Award.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kalamandalam Rama Chakyar |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/mbifl2019/speakers/kalamandalam-rama-chakyar-1.3474963 |work=Mathrubhumi |language=en |access-date=2021-12-24 |archive-date=2021-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211224075011/https://english.mathrubhumi.com/mbifl2019/speakers/kalamandalam-rama-chakyar-1.3474963 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* 2008: [[Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award]]<ref>{{cite news |title=Three artistes from Chennai win Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi awards {{!}} Chennai News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/three-artistes-from-chennai-win-kerala-sangeetha-nataka-akademi-awards/articleshow/4449631.cms |work=The Times of India |language=en |access-date=2021-12-24 |archive-date=2021-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211224075011/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/three-artistes-from-chennai-win-kerala-sangeetha-nataka-akademi-awards/articleshow/4449631.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
* A group of Koodiyattam artists are making a detailed documentary film based on Guru Kalamandalam Rama Chakyar.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gopalakrishnan |first1=K. k |title=Documentary to set the record straight on Kutiyattam |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/dance/setting-the-record-straight-on-kutiyattam/article23835995.ece |work=The Hindu |date=10 May 2018 |language=en-IN |access-date=24 December 2021 |archive-date=24 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211224075010/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/dance/setting-the-record-straight-on-kutiyattam/article23835995.ece |url-status=live }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NwrRC1BI5Xc Performing Arts: In conversation with Kalamandalam Rama Chakyar]

[[Category:Koodiyattam dancers]]
[[Category:People from Thrissur district]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award]]

Mangalore bajji

2026-01-11T12:47:00Z

DarleneSeamon8: enhance page as per guidelines for clarity

{{Short description|Indian fried food}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox food
| name = Golibaje
| image =Bajji with coconut chutney.jpg
| caption =
| alternate_name = Mangalore bajji
| country = India
| region = [[Tulunad]], [[Karnataka]]
| creator =
| course = [[Breakfast]]
| type =
| served =
| main_ingredient = [[Maida flour|Maida]], [[curd]], [[gram flour]], [[rice flour]], [[onion]], [[coriander]] leaves, [[coconut]], [[jeera]], green [[chile pepper|chillies]], [[ginger]]
| variations =
| calories =
| other =
}}
'''Golibaje''' (in [[Tulu language|Tulu]]) or '''Mangalore bajji''' (in [[Kannada]]) is an Indian fried food made from various flours and curd. Other names for the dish include [[Mangalore]] baje.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kamila|first=Raviprasad|date=2021-09-09|title=Buns and goli baje from paper pulp|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Mangalore/buns-and-goli-baje-from-paper-pulp/article36390254.ece|access-date=2022-01-08|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Street food 'Goli Baje' steals heart of foodies |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/features/food/easy-food-evening-snack-1.6186145 |access-date=2022-04-18 |website=English Archives |date=17 November 2021 |language=en}}</ref> It is widely known in [[Andhra Pradesh]] and [[Telangana]] as [[Mysore]] bonda (or Mysore bajji).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://yummyindiankitchen.com/mysore-bonda-recipe-mysore-bajji-mangalore-goli-baje/|title=Mysore Bonda Recipe, Mysore Bajji Mangalore - Yummy Indian Kitchen|date=12 July 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vahrehvah.com/mysore-bonda|title = Mysore bonda|date = 5 February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vegrecipesofindia.com/mysore-bonda-ulundu-bonda/|title=Mysore Bonda Recipe | Mysore Bajji|date=7 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.manjulaskitchen.com/mysore-bonda/|title=Mysore Bonda - Manjula's Kitchen - Indian Vegetarian Recipes|date=30 January 2015}}</ref>

==Ingredients==
[[File:Golibaje.jpg|thumb|left]]
The main ingredients used to make Mangalore bajji include [[maida flour|maida]], [[curd]], [[gram flour]], [[rice flour]], chopped [[onion]], [[coriander]] leaves, [[coconut]], [[jeera]], green [[chile pepper|chillies]], curry leaves, and salt. The ingredients are thoroughly mixed to form a hard batter, then shaped into a small ball and deep-fried, preferably in [[coconut oil]]. It is often served with [[chutney]].

==Serving ==
[[File:Goli baje or Mangalore bajji.jpg|thumb|Mangalore bajji with coconut chutney]]
The dish is usually served warm with [[coconut chutney]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smithakalluraya.com/goli-baje-mangalore-bajji-recipe-mangalore-bonda/|title=GOLI BAJE / MANGALORE BAJJI RECIPE / MANGALORE BONDA|website=Cook with Smile|date=6 November 2014}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[[Bonda (snack)|Bonda]]
*[[List of Indian dishes]]
*[[Punugulu]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Indian dishes|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Karnataka cuisine]]
[[Category:Indian snack foods]]
[[Category:Mangalorean cuisine]]

{{india-cuisine-stub}}

Giggles (bookshop)

2025-12-22T03:54:48Z

DarleneSeamon8: Article

{{Short description|Book shop}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Orphan|date=September 2023}}
{{Notability|Companies|date=June 2021}}
}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}
'''Giggles''' is a noted small book shop run by Nalini Chettur in [[Chennai]], [[India]]. It used to be located in the premises of the [[Taj Connemara]] Hotel and has been described as "the biggest little bookshop" of Chennai. Giggles has moved out of Taj Connemara since August 2018. Nalini Chettur plans to identify a new location for the bookshop in the near future.<ref>{{cite news|last=Doctor|first=Geetha|title=Chapter Two|url=http://www.livemint.com/2007/06/21235826/Chapter-Two.html|accessdate=8 June 2011|newspaper=[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]]|date=21 January 2007}}</ref>

Giggles was started by Chettur in 1974 on a {{INR}} 1,000 investment. It functioned in the lobby of the Taj Connemara until being evicted from there by the hotel management in 1994. It now functions in a strip of shops in the hotel's parking lot. It occupies a room about 100 square feet in size and specialises in books on India. Giggles and Chettur are well known in the Chennai English literary circles. It has been listed as a "must see" place in Chennai by [[Lonely Planet]]. In 2003, Chettur was given the ''Best Bookseller Award'' by the Booksellers and Publishers Association of South India (BAPASI).<ref>{{cite news|title=Top Shelf |url=http://archive.deccanherald.com/Content/Mar22008/sundayherald2008030155036.asp |accessdate=8 June 2011 |newspaper=[[Deccan Herald]] |date=2 March 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004205517/http://archive.deccanherald.com/Content/Mar22008/sundayherald2008030155036.asp |archivedate=4 October 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=S. Muthiah|author-link=S. Muthiah|title=Madras Miscellany|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/2000/01/24/stories/13241289.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041107221430/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/2000/01/24/stories/13241289.htm|url-status=usurped|archive-date=7 November 2004|accessdate=8 June 2011|newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=UMACHANDRAN|first=SHALINI|title=Want a book? Giggle!|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/01/15/stories/2003011500230400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030701130753/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/01/15/stories/2003011500230400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 July 2003|accessdate=8 June 2011|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=15 January 2003}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Sherman|first=Scott|title=The Bookseller of Chennai|url=http://www.brooklynrail.org/2011/06/express/the-bookseller-of-chennai|accessdate=8 June 2011|newspaper=[[The Brooklyn Rail]]|date=7 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=An accidental Bookshop|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IydXAAAAYAAJ&q=chettur+giggles|accessdate=8 June 2011|newspaper=[[Business India]]|date=1994}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Chennai Topics}}
[[Category:Bookstores of India]]
[[Category:Companies based in Chennai]]
[[Category:Indian companies established in 1974]]
[[Category:1974 establishments in Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Retail companies established in 1970]]

IFFI Indian Film Personality of the Year Award

2025-12-15T03:06:51Z

DarleneSeamon8: added biography

{{Short description|Indian film festival award}}
{{Infobox award
| name =IFFI Indian Film Personality of the Year Special Recognition for Contribution to Bharatiya Cinema Award
| image =
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| subheader =
| awarded_for = "Outstanding contribution to the growth and development of Bharatiya cinema"
| sponsor = [[International Film Festival of India]]
| firstawarded = {{Start date and age|2013||}}
| lastawarded = 2024
| reward =
| former name =
| holder_label = Most recent winner(s)
| holder = [[Vikrant Massey]] (Film personality) and [[Nandamuri Balakrishna]] (Special recognition)
| award1_type = Total awarded
| award1_winner = 14
| award2_type = First winner
| award2_winner =[[Waheeda Rahman]]
| website =
}}
The '''IFFI Indian Film Personality of the Year''' and '''Special Recognition for Contribution to Bharatiya Cinema Award''' is a National honour instituted by the [[International Film Festival of India]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Beatrizs-War-wins-Golden-Peacock-at-44th-International-film-festival-of-India/articleshow/26656548.cms|title='Beatriz's War' wins Golden Peacock at 44th International film festival of India – Times of India|newspaper=The Times of India |date=December 2013 |publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://iffigoablog.blogspot.in/2013/11/iffi-2013-winners-golden-peacock-award.html|title=IFFI 2013 Winners – The Golden Peacock award goes to BEATRIZ's WAR..|website=iffigoablog.blogspot.in|date=30 November 2013 }}</ref> The recipient is honoured for their "outstanding contribution to the growth and development of [[Cinema of India]]. The award was first instituted in the year 2013 from the [[44th International Film Festival of India|44th IFFI]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://employmentnews.gov.in/IFFI.pdf |title=44th International Film Festival of India (IFFI) |website=employmentnews.gov.in}}</ref><ref>http://pib.nic.in/newsite/feacontent.aspx?relid=100683 {{dead link|date=October 2021}}</ref>

==Indian Film Personality of the Year (2013–Present)==
Since 2013, on the occasion of 100 years of [[Cinema of India]], the Award for the "Indian Film Personality of the Year" was instituted. The annual award is presented to an Indian film personality for their outstanding contribution to the Indian Film Industry through their craft. This Award consists of a Silver Peacock Medal, a certificate and a cash prize of [[Indian rupee|₹]] 10,00,000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iffigoa.org/indian-film-personality-iffi2017/|title=Who will be the Indian Film Personality of the Year at IFFI 2017?|date=8 November 2017|access-date=19 September 2022|archive-date=29 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129234420/http://www.iffigoa.org/indian-film-personality-iffi2017/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/waheeda-receives-indian-film-personality-of-the-year-award-at-iffi-1240803.html|title=Waheeda receives Indian Film Personality of the Year award at IFFI|date=20 November 2013}}</ref><ref name="iffiaw:mc">{{Cite news|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/entertainment/iffi-2024-winners-golden-peacock-for-toxic-vikrant-massey-phillip-noyce-marathi-film-clement-favreau-vesta-matulyte-ieva-rupeikaite-win-honours-article-12879235.html |title= IFFI 2024 Winners: Golden Peacock for Toxic; Vikrant Massey, Phillip Noyce, Marathi film, Clément Favreau, Vesta Matulyte & Ieva Rupeikaite win honours |author= Tanushree Ghosh |work= Money Control |date= 28 November 2024 |access-date=29 November 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
{|class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:90%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;"|Edition
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;"|Image
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;"|Awardee
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;"|Craft
|- style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
|[[44th International Film Festival of India|44th]]
| [[File:Waheeda Rehman (cropped).jpg|100px]]
! [[Waheeda Rahman]]
|Actress
|-
|- style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
|[[45th International Film Festival of India|45th]]
| [[File:Rajinikanth during audio release of robot.jpg|100px]]
! [[Rajinikanth]]
|Actor
|-
|- style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
|[[46th International Film Festival of India|46th]]
| [[File:Ilaiyaraaja BHung.jpg|100px]]
! [[Ilaiyaraaja]]
|Composer
|-
|- style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
|[[47th International Film Festival of India|47th]]
| [[File:S. P. Balasubrahmanyam in 2013.JPG|100px]]
! [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
|Playback singer and composer
|-
|- style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
|[[48th International Film Festival of India|48th]]
| [[File:Amitabh.Bachchan.jpg|100px]]
! [[Amitabh Bachchan]]
|Actor
|-
|- style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
|[[49th International Film Festival of India|49th]]
| [[File:SalimKhan.jpg|100px]]
! [[Salim Khan]]
|Screenwriter
|- style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
|[[51st International Film Festival of India|51st]]
| [[File:Biswajit Deb Chatterjee - Kolkata 2014-02-09 8717.JPG|100px]]
! [[Biswajit Chatterjee]]
|Actor
|- style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
|rowspan=2|[[52nd International Film Festival of India|52nd]]
| [[File:Hema malini bhungama1.jpg|100px]]
! [[Hema Malini]]
| Film personality
|-style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
| [[File:Prasoon Joshi (Cropped).png|100px]]
! [[Prasoon Joshi]]
| Lyricist
|-
|- style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
|[[53rd International Film Festival of India|53rd]]
| [[File:The_Senior_Vice-Minister_of_Tourism,_Japan,_Mr._Hiroshi_Kajiyama_calls_on_the_Minister_of_State_(Independent_Charge)_for_Tourism,_Dr._K._Chiranjeevi,_in_New_Delhi_on_February_12,_2013_(cropped).jpg|100px]]
! [[Chiranjeevi]]
|Actor
|- style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
|[[55th International Film Festival of India|55th]]
| [[File:Vikrant Massey at the premiere of film Chhapaak in 2020 (cropped).jpg|100px]]
! [[Vikrant Massey]]
| Actor
|-
|}

==IFFI Golden Jubilee ICON Award==
On the occasion of '''Golden Jubilee year of IFFI''', veteran actor [[Rajinikanth]] was conferred with the "Golden Jubilee ICON Award" in the year 2019.<ref name="special">{{cite web|url=https://www.thequint.com/entertainment/indian-cinema/rajinikanth-isabelle-huppert-iffi-2019|title=Rajinikanth, Isabelle Huppert to Be Honoured at IFFI 2019|date=2 November 2019}}</ref>
{|class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:90%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;"|Edition
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;"|Image
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;"|Awardee
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;"|Craft
|- style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
|- style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
|[[50th International Film Festival of India|50th]]
| [[File:Rajinikanth_Felicitates_Writer_Kalaignanam.jpg|100px]]
! [[Rajinikanth]]
|Actor
|}

==IFFI Special Recognition for Contribution to Bharatiya Cinema Award==
At the [[54th International Film Festival of India|54th IFFI 2023]] "Special Recognition for Contribution to Bharatiya Cinema Award" was instituted.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/madhuri-dixit-international-film-festival-goa-special-recognition-for-bharatiya-cinema-2465416-2023-11-20|title=IFFI 2023: Madhuri Dixit honoured with special recognition award|website=India Today|date=20 November 2023 }}</ref>
{|class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;"|Edition
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;"|Image
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;"|Awardee
! scope="col" style="background-color:#EFE4B0;"|Craft
|- style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
|- style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
| [[54th International Film Festival of India|54th]]
| [[File:Madhuri Dixit in November 2022.jpg|100px]]
! [[Madhuri Dixit]]
|Actress
|- style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
| [[55th International Film Festival of India|55th]]
| [[File:Allu Arjun at 69th NFA.jpg|100px]]
! [[Allu Arjun]]
| Actor
|- style="background-color:#F4F4F4"
| [[56th International Film Festival of India|56th]]
| [[File:The Chief Guest, Actor Shri Nandamuri Balkrishna addressing at the closing ceremony of the 43rd International Film Festival of India (IFFI-2012), in Panaji, Goa on November 30, 2012.jpg|100px]]
! [[ Nandamuri Balakrishna]]
| Actor
|}

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[http://dff.nic.in Official Page for Directorate of Film Festivals, India]
{{International Film Festival of India|state=collapsed}}
{{IFFI Indian Film Personality of the Year Award}}
[[Category:Lists of Indian award winners]]
[[Category:International Film Festival of India]]
[[Category:Indian film festivals]]
[[Category:Festivals in Goa]]

V. S. Bhaskara Panicker

2025-09-19T06:56:57Z

DarleneSeamon8: new pg

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
A known literary figure of [[Kottayam]], [[Kerala]], V.S. Bhaskara Panicker (1928–2015) was born in [[Karukachal]], a village in [[Kottayam]] District, Kerala State, India. He served as the General Secretary of Akhila Bharata Ayyappa Seva Sangham<ref>{{cite web|title=Akhila Bharata Ayyappa Seva Sangham|url=http://www.swamysaranam.in/about/past-presidents-general-secretaries/|publisher=ABASS|access-date=10 March 2014|archive-date=14 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714201928/http://www.swamysaranam.in/about/past-presidents-general-secretaries/|url-status=dead}}</ref> during its early years.

Retired from Department of Posts, Government of India, Mr. Panicker authored more than 400 poems which were published in the leading Malayalam periodicals. A collection of these poems titled "Ee Manninte Geetangal" was later published by Kurukshethra in 2006. Mr. Panicker has also published Shatakas on respectable personalities of India. A treatise on Indian aesthetics comprising [[Natya Shastra]], Nataka Shastra and [[Kavya]] [[Shastra]], written by Mr. Panicker was published on the dance portal [[Narthaki.com]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Dance Portal Narthaki.com|url=http://www.narthaki.com/info/articles/art158.html|access-date=10 March 2014}}</ref> He was the Kottayam District president of Tapasya Kala Sahithya Vedi. Many of his poems published in Kesari Malayalam Weekly are now popular Gangeets of Kerala. He was also the Taluk Sangh Chalak of his district when he died in 2015.

Mr. Panicker had done an extensive study in Indian aesthetics and translated renowned danseuse [[Mrinalini Sarabhai]]'s book "Understanding Bharatanatyam"<ref>{{cite web|title=Understanding Bharatanatyam|url=http://onlinestore.dcbooks.com/books/bharatanaatyam-ariyendathellaam|access-date=10 March 2014|archive-date=10 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140310160616/http://onlinestore.dcbooks.com/books/bharatanaatyam-ariyendathellaam|url-status=dead}}</ref> into [[Malayalam]].

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.saranamayyappa.org/Past_and_Present_Presidents_and_General_Secretaries.htm Website of Akhila Bharata Ayyappa Seva Sangham] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111111095801/http://saranamayyappa.org/Past_and_Present_Presidents_and_General_Secretaries.htm |date=11 November 2011 }}
*[http://www.narthaki.com/info/articles/art158.html Kavya Sasthra article - Narthaki.com]
*[http://onlinestore.dcbooks.com/books/bharatanaatyam-ariyendathellaam D.C Books page on translated version of Understanding Bharatanatyam] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130304072701/http://onlinestore.dcbooks.com/books/bharatanaatyam-ariyendathellaam |date=4 March 2013 }}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Panicker, V.S. Bhaskara}}
[[Category:Writers from Kottayam district]]
[[Category:Malayalam-language writers]]
[[Category:Writers from Kottayam]]

Zee Cine Award for Best Music Director

2025-09-07T08:34:16Z

DarleneSeamon8: fixed issues

{{Short description|Annual Indian film award}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{More sources needed|date=August 2009}}
The '''Zee Cine Award Best Music Director''' is chosen by the jury and the winner is announced at the actual ceremony. [[A. R. Rahman]] has won most awards in this category (6 times).

== Multiple wins ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Wins
!Recipient
|-
|6
|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|-
|3
|[[Pritam]]
|-
|2
|[[Anu Malik]], [[Mithoon]]
|}

== Awards ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Winners
|-
! Year || Music director || Film
|-
| 1998 || [[Uttam Singh]] || ''[[Dil To Pagal Hai]]''
|-
| 1999 || [[Jatin–Lalit]] || ''[[Kuch Kuch Hota Hai]]''
|-
| 2000 || [[A. R. Rahman]] || ''[[Taal (film)|Taal]]''
|-
| 2001 || [[Rajesh Roshan]] || ''[[Kaho Naa... Pyaar Hai]]''
|-
| 2002 || [[A. R. Rahman]] || ''[[Lagaan]]''
|-
| 2003 || [[Nadeem-Shravan]] and [[A. R. Rahman]] || ''[[Raaz (2002 film)|Raaz]]'' and ''[[Saathiya (film)|Saathiya]]''
|-
| 2004 || [[Himesh Reshammiya]] || ''[[Tere Naam]]''
|-
| 2005 || [[Anu Malik]] || ''[[Main Hoon Na]]''
|-
| 2006 || [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]] || ''[[Bunty Aur Babli]]''
|-
| 2007 || rowspan="2" | [[A. R. Rahman]] || ''[[Rang De Basanti]]''
|-
| 2008 || ''[[Guru (2007 film)|Guru]]''
|-
| 2011 || [[Sajid–Wajid]] || ''[[Dabangg]]''
|-
| 2012 || [[A. R. Rahman]] || ''[[Rockstar (2011 film)|Rockstar]]''
|-
| 2013
| [[Pritam Chakraborty|Pritam]]
| ''[[Cocktail (2012 film)|Cocktail]]''
|-
| 2014
| [[Jeet Ganguly]], [[Mithoon]] & [[Ankit Tiwari]]
| ''[[Aashiqui 2]]''
|-
| 2015
| [[Yo Yo Honey Singh]], [[Himesh Reshammiya]], [[Meet Bros]] & Anjjan Bhattacharya
|''[[Kick (2014 film)|Kick]]''
|-
| 2016
| [[Anu Malik]]
| ''[[Dum Laga Ke Haisha]]''
|-
| 2017
| [[Pritam Chakraborty|Pritam]]
| ''[[Ae Dil Hai Mushkil]]''
|-
| 2018
| [[Amit Trivedi]]
| ''[[Secret Superstar]]''
|-
| 2019
| [[Ajay–Atul]]
| ''[[Dhadak]]''
|-
| 2020
| [[Mithoon]], [[Amaal Mallik]], [[Vishal Mishra (composer)|Vishal]], [[Sachet–Parampara]], [[Akhil]]
| ''[[Kabir Singh]]''
|-
|2023<ref>{{cite news |date=18 March 2023 |title=Zee Cine Awards 2023 Winners |url=https://www.zeebiz.com/trending/entertainment/news-zee-cine-awards-2023-full-list-of-winners-best-film-best-actor-best-actress-songs-and-more-226531}}</ref>
|[[Pritam]]
| ''[[Brahmāstra: Part One – Shiva]]''
|-
|2024<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-11 |title=Zee Cine Awards 2024 Winners: Shah Rukh Khan Wins Best Actor; Jawan Bags Best Film, Best Music |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/zee-cine-awards-2024-winners-shah-rukh-khan-wins-best-actor-jawan-bags-best-film-best-music-8810613.html |access-date=2024-03-12 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>
|[[Anirudh Ravichander]]
|''[[Jawan (film)|Jawan]]''
|-
|2025
|[[Sachin–Jigar]]
|''[[Stree 2]]''
|}

== See also ==

* [[Zee Cine Awards]]
* [[Bollywood]]
* [[Cinema of India]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Zee Cine Awards}}

[[Category:Zee Cine Awards]]

Administrative divisions of Kolkata

2025-08-31T05:13:34Z

DarleneSeamon8: stub

{{Short description|none}}
{{Orphan|date=August 2023}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2023}}
The [[Kolkata Municipal Corporation]] is divided into 144 administrative [[Ward (politics)|ward]]s that are grouped into 16 [[borough]]s.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Kolkata Municipal Corporation|url=http://www.kolkatamycity.com/stat.asp|title=Kolkata Statistics|accessdate=1 September 2007|archive-date=14 August 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070814002710/http://www.kolkatamycity.com/stat.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref>
[[File:Kolkata Borough Map (Basemap) with English Legends.svg|thumb]][[File:Kolkata Borough Map (en).svg|thumb]]

Each of these wards elects a [[councillor]] to the KMC. Each borough has a committee consisting of the councillors elected from the respective wards of the boroughs. The corporation, through the borough committees, maintains government-aided schools, hospitals and municipal markets and partakes in urban planning and road maintenance.<ref
name=Metropolis>{{cite web|publisher=World Association of the Major Metropolises |url=http://www.metropolis.org/sites/default/files/metropolitan_regions/438_007_kolkata_eng.pdf | title=007 Kolkata (India) | accessdate=16 June 2015 |archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20140222030639/http://www.metropolis.org/sites/default/files/metropolitan_regions/438_007_kolkata_eng.pdf|archivedate=22 February 2014 }}</ref> The corporation as the apex body discharges its function through the Mayor-in-Council, consisting of a mayor, assisted by a deputy mayor, and ten other elected members of the KMC. The Councillors are responsible for the overall functioning of their respective wards and has a tenure of five years.<ref name=KMC>{{cite web | publisher=Kolkata Municipal Corporation | url=http://www.kolkatamycity.com/about_kmc_overview.asp | title=About Kolkata Municipal Corporation | accessdate=26 April 2006 | archive-date=15 May 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060515160951/http://www.kolkatamycity.com/about_kmc_overview.asp | url-status=dead }}</ref>

==List of Wards==
[[File:Kolkata Ward Map (en).svg|thumb]]
*[[Ward No. 1, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 2, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 3, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 4, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 5, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 6, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 7, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 8, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 9, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 10, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 11, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 12, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 13, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 14, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 15, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 16, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 17, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 18, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 19, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 20, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 21, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 22, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 23, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 24, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 25, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 26, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 27, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 28, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 29, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 30, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 31, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 32, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 33, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 34, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 35, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 36, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 37, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 38, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 39, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 40, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 41, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 42, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 43, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 44, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 45, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 46, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 47, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 48, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 49, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 50, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 51, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 52, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 53, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 54, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 55, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 56, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 57, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 58, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 59, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 60, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 61, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 62, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 63, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 64, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 65, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 66, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 67, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 68, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 69, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 70, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 71, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 72, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 73, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 74, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 75, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 76, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 77, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 78, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 79, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 80, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 81, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 82, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 83, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 84, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 85, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 86, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 87, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 88, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 89, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 90, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 91, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 92, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 93, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 94, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 95, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 96, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 97, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 98, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 99, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 100, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 101, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 102, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 103, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 104, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 105, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 106, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 107, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 108, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 109, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 110, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 111, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 112, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 113, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 114, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 115, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 116, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 117, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 118, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 119, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 120, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 121, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 122, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 123, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 124, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 125, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 126, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 127, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 128, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 129, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 130, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 131, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 132, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 133, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 134, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 135, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 136, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 137, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 138, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 139, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 140, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 141, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 142, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 143, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
*[[Ward No. 144, Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Kolkata Municipal Corporation]]
[[Category:Municipal wards of Kolkata| ]]

Madhepura subdivision

2025-08-30T13:14:21Z

DarleneSeamon8: created new stub.

{{Short description|Administrative subdivision in Madhepura district, Bihar, India}}

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Madhepura subdivision
| settlement_type = Subdivision
| pushpin_map = India Bihar#India
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Bihar, India
| coordinates = {{coord|25.9156433|86.7890270|type:adm3rd|display=inline}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flagicon|India}} [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]]
| subdivision_type2 = Division
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kosi division|Kosi]]
| subdivision_type3 = District
| subdivision_name3 = [[Madhepura district]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_total_km2 = 147
| population_total = 245847
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_density_km2 = auto
| timezone1 = IST
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
}}

'''Madhepura subdivision''' is an administrative subdivision of [[Madhepura district]] in [[Kosi division]], [[Bihar]], [[India]]. Its administrative headquarters is located at [[Madhepura]]. The subdivision covers an area of approximately 147 square kilometres and had a population of 245,847 as per the 2011 Census of India.<ref>{{cite web |title=District Census Handbook Madhepura, Part B: Primary Census Abstract (2011) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/285/download/790/DH_2011_1011_PART_B_DCHB_MADHEPURA.pdf |publisher=Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=About District |url=https://madhepura.nic.in/about-district/ |publisher=District Administration Madhepura |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref>

==History==
Madhepura functioned as a subdivision during the colonial period. In 1981, [[Madhepura district]] was created, and the present-day Madhepura subdivision continued as one of its two administrative subdivisions.<ref>{{cite web |title=About District |url=https://madhepura.nic.in/about-district/ |publisher=District Administration Madhepura |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref>

==Administrative composition==
Madhepura district consists of two subdivisions: [[Madhepura subdivision]] and [[Udakishunganj subdivision]]. The official district portal and the Integrated Government Online Directory (IGOD) list the Community Development (C.D.) blocks under Madhepura subdivision.<ref>{{cite web |title=Subdivision & Blocks |url=https://madhepura.nic.in/subdivision-blocks/ |publisher=District Administration Madhepura |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Blocks – Madhepura |url=https://igod.gov.in/district/DTg3tXQBW7DqAzx4Vr2t/blocks |publisher=Integrated Government Online Directory, Ministry of Panchayati Raj |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref>

The following blocks are administered under Madhepura subdivision:
* Madhepura (C.D. Block)<ref>{{cite web |title=District Census Handbook Madhepura, Part B: Primary Census Abstract (2011) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/285/download/790/DH_2011_1011_PART_B_DCHB_MADHEPURA.pdf |publisher=Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref>
* Singheshwar (C.D. Block)<ref name="blocks">{{cite web |title=Subdivision & Blocks |url=https://madhepura.nic.in/subdivision-blocks/ |publisher=District Administration Madhepura |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref>
* Murliganj (C.D. Block)<ref name="igod">{{cite web |title=Blocks – Madhepura |url=https://igod.gov.in/district/DTg3tXQBW7DqAzx4Vr2t/blocks |publisher=Integrated Government Online Directory |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref>
* Gamharia (C.D. Block)<ref name="blocks"/>
* Ghailar (C.D. Block)<ref name="blocks"/>
* Kumarkhand (C.D. Block)<ref name="blocks"/>
* Shankarpur (C.D. Block)<ref name="blocks"/>
* Chausa (C.D. Block)<ref name="blocks"/>
* Puraini (C.D. Block)<ref name="blocks"/>

==Geography==
The subdivision lies in the alluvial plains of the [[Kosi River]] basin. The soil is fertile and suitable for agriculture. The climate is humid subtropical, with hot summers, monsoon rainfall between June and September, and cool winters.<ref>{{cite web |title=District Profile: Madhepura |url=https://www.cgwb.gov.in/old_website/District_Profile/Bihar/Madhepura.pdf |publisher=Central Ground Water Board, Ministry of Jal Shakti |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref>

==Demographics==
According to the 2011 Census of India, the total population of Madhepura subdivision was 245,847. Detailed village- and block-level data are available in the District Census Handbook.<ref>{{cite web |title=District Census Handbook Madhepura, Part B: Primary Census Abstract (2011) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/285/download/790/DH_2011_1011_PART_B_DCHB_MADHEPURA.pdf |publisher=Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref>

==Governance==
The subdivision is administered by a Sub-Divisional Officer (SDO), who oversees revenue administration, law and order, and implementation of development schemes.<ref>{{cite web |title=Who’s Who |url=https://madhepura.nic.in/about-district/whos-who/ |publisher=District Administration Madhepura |accessdate=25 August 2025}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Madhepura district]]
* [[Madhepura]]
* [[Udakishunganj subdivision]]
* [[Kosi division]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Subdivisions of Madhepura district]]

Pselnophorus albitarsella

2025-08-29T22:16:39Z

DarleneSeamon8: made the details initial version

{{short description|Species of plume moth}}
{{Speciesbox
|genus=Pselnophorus
|species=albitarsella
|authority=([[Thomas de Grey, 6th Baron Walsingham|Walsingham]], 1900)
|synonyms=
*''Alucita albitarsella'' Walsingham, 1900
*''Pselnophorus albitarsellus''
}}
'''''Pselnophorus albitarsella''''' is a [[moth]] of the family [[Pterophoridae]] that is found in [[India]].<ref>{{LepIndex |id=1220 |name=Pselnophorus albitarsellus}}</ref>

The [[larva]]e are white with a few long hairs scattered about the body. They burrow into the shoots of a common jungle plant. Pupation takes place in a pupa which is suspended by the tail from the underside of a leaf.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/lifehistoriesofi00flet/lifehistoriesofi00flet_djvu.txt|title=Life-histories of Indian insects: Microlepidoptera|accessdate=7 July 2011}}{{PD-notice}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q7254084}}

[[Category:Moths described in 1900]]
[[Category:Oidaematophorini]]
[[Category:Endemic fauna of India]]
[[Category:Moths of Asia]]

{{Oidaematophorini-stub}}

Shamalangi

2025-08-05T09:32:45Z

DarleneSeamon8: adjust formatting and corrected details per sources

{{Short description|55th raga in the Melakarta}}
{{Use British English|date=November 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Carnatic}}
{{Infobox ragam
| name = Shamalangi
| synonym =
| image_name =
| image_alt =
| mela =
| chakra =
| type =
| arohanam = {{svaraC|S|R2|G2|M2|P|D1|N1|S'}}
| avarohanam = {{svaraC|S'|N1|D1|P|M2|G2|R2|S}}
| jeeva =
| chhaya =
| nyasa =
| vishesha =
| equivalent =
| similar =
}}

'''Shamalangi''' or '''Shyamalangi''' (pronounced {{IAST|shāmaḻāngi}}) is a [[raga]]m in [[Carnatic music]] (classical music of southern [[India]]). It is the 55th in the 72 ''[[melakarta]]'' rāgam system of Carnatic music, and is called ''{{IAST|Shāmaḻam}}'' in the [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]] school of that genre.<ref name="dikshitar">''Sri Muthuswami Dikshitar Keertanaigal'' by Vidwan A Sundaram Iyer, Pub. 1989, Music Book Publishers, Mylapore, Chennai</ref><ref name="ragas">''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications</ref><ref name="raganidhi">''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras</ref>

==Structure and Lakshana==
[[Image:Shamalangi scale.svg|thumb|right|300px|''Shamalangi'' scale with ''shadjam'' at C]]

Shamalang is the 1st rāgam in the 10th ''chakra Disi''. Its mnemonic name is ''Disi-Pa;'' the mnemonic phrase associated with it is ''sa ri gi mi pa dha na''.<ref name="ragas" /> Its ''{{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}}'' structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see [[Swara#Svaras in Carnatic music|''swaras'' in Carnatic music]] for details on notation and terms):
*[[Arohana|{{IAST|ārohaṇa}}]]: {{svaraC|S|R2|G2|M2|P|D1|N1|S'|foot=yes}}
*[[Avarohana|{{IAST|avarohaṇa}}]]: {{svaraC|S'|N1|D1|P|M2|G2|R2|S|foot=yes}}

''Shamalangi's swaras'' are ''chathusruthi rishabham, sadharana gandharam, prati madhyamam, shuddha dhaivatham'' and ''shuddha nishadham''. As it is a ''melakarta'' rāgam, by definition it is a [[sampoorna raga|''sampoorna'' rāgam]] (containing all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the ''prati madhyamam'' equivalent of ''[[Jhankaradhwani]]'', which is the 19th ''melakarta'' scale.

==''Janya'' rāgams==
Shamalangi has a couple of minor ''[[janya]]'' rāgams (derived scales) associated with it (see [[List of Janya ragas#Shamalangi|List of ''janya'' rāgams]]).

==Compositions==
A few compositions set to ''Shamalangi'' rāgam are:

*''Veera raghava'' by [[Koteeswara Iyer]]
*''Shyamalangi'' by Dr. [[M. Balamuralikrishna]]
*''Namo namaste geervani'' by [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]]
*''Shyamalangi Matangi'' by [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]]

==Related rāgams==

When shifted using ''[[Graha bhedam|Graha Bhedam]]'', Shamalangi's notes yield two minor ''melakarta'' rāgams: ''[[Ganamoorti]]'' and ''[[Vishwambari]]''. ''Graha Bhedam'' is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies the same while shifting the ''shadjam'' to the next note in the rāgam. For more details and an example, see ''[[Graha bhedam#Ganamoorti|Graha Bhedam on Ganamoorti]]''.

==Notes==
{{notelist|30em}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Melakarta ragas|state=collapsed}}
{{Janya|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Melakarta ragas]]

Diwan Dina Nath

2025-07-30T18:44:30Z

DarleneSeamon8: Added.

{{Multiple issues|{{Original research|date=July 2023}}
{{More citations needed|date=July 2023}}}}
{{Infobox royalty
| title = [[Raja]] [[Divan|Diwan]]
| name = Dina Nath
| caption = Equestrian painting of Diwan Dina Nath with his retinue and an elephant
| succession = Finance minister of the [[Sikh Empire]]
| reign = 1834—1849
| predecessor = [[Diwan Bhawani Das]]
| successor =
| native_name =
| birth_name =
| other_names =
| image = Equestrian painting of Diwan Dina Nath with his retinue and an elephant.jpg
| birth_date = {{birth date text|1795}}
| death_date = 1857
| birth_place =
| death_place = Kot Khawaja Saeed, [[Lahore]] ({{Small|Present-day [[Punjab, Pakistan]]}})
| father =
| relatives =
| known_for =
| religion = [[Hinduism]]
}}
'''Diwan Dina Nath''' (1795—1857) was an official of the [[Durbar (court)|durbar]] of the [[Sikh Empire]] who served as the [[Privy Seal|privy seal]] and [[finance minister]] in the court of [[Maharaja Ranjit Singh]]. He was conferred the title of [[Raja]] in 1847, eight years after the death of Ranjit Singh. Following the British victory in the [[First Anglo-Sikh war|First Sikh War]], Dina Nath was made a member of the [[Council of Regency]] under the authority of the [[Governor-General]] of the [[East India Company]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Griffin, L.H.|title= The Panjab Chiefs: Historical and Biographical Notices of the Principal Families in the Territories Under the Panjab Government.|year=1865|publisher= T.C. McCarthy}}</ref> The British conferred the title of 'Raja' on him, hoping to make him an ally.<ref>{{cite news|author=|date=4 Feb 2018|title=Dina Nath: the man who silently ruled Punjab. |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1387155 |work=Dawn|location=Lahore Pakistan|access-date=4 July 2024}}</ref> He was one of six signatories to the 1849 [[Treaty of Lahore]], which agreed to the surrender of "The Gem called the Koh-i-noor" by the Maharaja of Lahore, the ten-year-old Dalip Singh, to the Queen of England. The signatories, on behalf of the minor [[Duleep Singh|Dalip Singh]], endorsed the treaty in return for being permitted to retain their [[jagir]]s.<ref>{{cite book|author= Nalwa, V.|title= Ranjit Singh—Monarch Mystique|year=2022|publisher= HSNFT|page=283|isbn=978-81-910526-1-9}}</ref>

==Early life==
Dina Nath was the son of [[Kashmiri Brahmin]] family,<ref>{{cite book |last=Williams |first=Donovan |title=Life And Times Of Ranjit Singh |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.111048/page/n268/mode/1up?q=Dina+nath |publisher=V.V.R.I. Press |page=256 |year=1970 |access-date=2017-01-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Yasmin |first=Robina |title=Muslims Under Sikh Rule in the Nineteenth Century: Maharaja Ranjit Singh and Religious Tolerance |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |year=2022 |isbn=9780755640348 |series=Library of Islamic South Asia |pages=92}}</ref> who were a governing aristocracy of Kashmir, who migrated to [[Delhi]] in 1815, during the oppressive rule of the [[Afghans|Afghan]] governors of the valley and later were instrumental in acquisition (along with [[Dewan Mokham Chand]]) of Kashmir to the Lahore Darbar.

==Career==
[[File:Painting of Diwan Dina Nath, by Hasan al-Din, Lahore, ca.1845-50.jpg|thumb|Painting of Diwan Dina Nath, by Hasan al-Din, Lahore, ca.1845-50]]
He served as civil and military administrator and counsellor of considerable influence at the Punjab court for well over three decades,
He was also closely related to Diwan Ganga Ram, head of the military accounts and keeper of the privy seal at Lahore.

In 1815, at the instance of Diwan Ganga Ram, Maharaja Ranjit Singh invited Dina Nath to Lahore and offered him the post of mutsaddi, or writer, in the department of military accounts.

In 1826, when Diwan Ganga Ram died, Dina Nath succeeded him as the head of military finance, accounts, estates and commander of GhorCharas (Lancers cavalary).
He headed the Military department (Asla baarood-Ordinance) and keeper of the privy seal (Orders for military action). In 1834, when [[Diwan Bhawani Das]] died, the Maharaja made him the head of the civil and military finance office and conferred upon him, in 1838, the title of Raja [[Diwan (title)|Diwan]].

==Influence==
By his ability and political and military acumen, Dina Nath rose to the highest position of power and influence in the affairs of the state. Lepel Griffin styles him the Talleyrand of the Punjab. After the maharaja's death, Raja Dina Nath's influence increased. But Dina Nath knew how to keep his ambition in check and was one man in Lahore who made no enemies at the court. In the turbulent days following Ranjit Singh`s death, he refused to take sides with Rani Chand Kaur or Karivar Sher Singh. Sher Singh, upon his succession to the throne, reposed his full trust in him. Dina Nath retained his position at the court and all his estates and military troops during the tumultuous days after demise of Ranjit Singh.

He was one of the signatories to the treaty which was concluded between the Sikhs and the British after the [[First Anglo-Sikh War]]. Later, when a council was constituted in December 1846 for the governance of the Punjab, Raja Dina Nath was made its president, with the active support of the British. He was most faithful to Maharaja Ranjit Singh.

Yet under British rule, he actively financed the independence efforts in secrecy. The family of Raja Dina Nath came originally from Kashmir aristocrats, where in the reign of the Mughal King [[Shah Jahan]], some members of it held offices relating to military positions and 2500 mansabdari.{{clarify|date=May 2025|reason=What are mansabdari?}}

Dina Nath, whose father had a civil and military appointment at Delhi, came to the Punjab in 1815 and obtained a vassal estate at Lahore as a military officer. He first attracted Ranjit Singh's notice in 1818 by the great rapidity and clearness with which he did some important missions entrusted to him.

Among the men who rose to power during the later days of the Maharaja's life, no one was more remarkable than Raja Dina Nath. He was well and happily styled Talleyrand of the Panjab and his life and character bore a strong resemblance to those of the European statesman.{{cn|date=May 2025}}

Revolutions in which his friends and patrons perished passed him by: in the midst of bloodshed and assassination his life was never endangered. While confiscation and judicial robbery were the rule of the State, his wealth and power and military stature continually increased.
His sagacity and far-sightedness were such that when to other eyes the political sky was clear, he could perceive the signs of coming storm.

Honest men do not survive many revolutions, and the Raja's intelligence, sagacity & courage were the means to his success. He was patriotic, but his love of country was subordinate to self. He hated the English bitterly, for they were stronger than he or his country, but his interest compelled him to serve, like Samson, the Philistines he hated.

He was not without his notions of fidelity, and would stand by a friend, ally or a benefactor. Even when he was personally threatened, he acted out of absolute clarity, his actions were dictated by a sense of chivalry, truth and nobility it was more from these thoughts than from personal fear, for, Raja Dina Nath was not only physically imposing, brave and fearless, he also possessed moral courage to an eminent degree, leading him to do right regardless of consequences. He possessed immense local knowledge, tactical skills, handled large formations of unwieldy troops and vast capacity for work and hardship.
[[File:Diwan Dina Nath, painting on ivory, mid-19th century.png|thumb|Diwan Dina Nath, Northern India or Pakistan, mid-19th century, painting on ivory]]
He was an accomplished man of the world, courteous and considerate; well educated, a scholar, warrior; and in conversation with Europeans he would express himself with a boldness and apparent candour that were as pleasant, as they are unusual in Asiatics.
It was only in 1834 that Raja Dina Nath was made Raja & Diwan for which his qualifications were exceedingly high, but Maharaja (Ranjit Singh) had for many years reposed confidence in him, and he was on all occasions of importance, one of his most talented civil & military adviser, commander and a vassal.

After the death of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, he retained great influence with the chiefs and the army, and on British occupation of Lahore was appointed to the Council of Regency, of which he was the most able and useful member.
Although his position gave him many opportunities of enriching himself at the public expense, he still worked more disinterestedly in wealth & position than many others of much lower rank & estate, and was of great service to the Resident of Lahore.
In November 1847, the title of the Raja of Kalanaur, with a jagir worth 220,000 rupees annually, was conferred upon him. With his clear head and business-like habits, it would have been almost impossible to disentangle the Darbar Accountancy, and after the annexation of the Panjab, Dina Nath's aid in Revenue and Jagir matters was almost as valuable as before.

At the time of revolt of Sikh army in 1848, it was asserted by some that Raja Dina Nath was a traitor at heart, that he himself had Encouraged the rising, and that had he not been a wealthy man with houses and gardens and many lakhs of rupees in Lahore, convenient for confiscation, he would have joined the rebels without hesitation, but these stories were perhaps invented by his enemies. After the annexation of the Panjab, Raja Dina Nath was confirmed in all of his jagirs, worth Rs. 246,460, which he held till his death in 1857.

==Death==
He died near Kot Khawaja Saeed, at Lahore, Pakistan. There he had developed a beautiful garden and it is still called as 'Rajay Wala Bagh'. The spot is a few meters away towards West from Samadh Maharajah Sher Singh at Kot Khawaja Saeed, Lahore.

==Descendants==
His descendants are:

1. Raja Amar Nath Madan

2. Raja Man Nath Madan

3. Raja Gyan Nath Madan

4. Kanwar Bharam Nath Madan

5. Raja Ravindera Nath Madan

6. Raja Rajeev Madan

7. Kanwar Ramchandra Madan

Raja Gyan Nath Madan was the Prime Minister of Jaipur. He was a CIE, a ‘Companion of the British Empire’, an honorary title bestowed upon him by the British, in recognition of his numerous services to the Empire. Raja Gyan Nath Madan was also conferred the hereditary title of ‘Raja’ by the British, which could be passed onto and used by the eldest son( Tikka Raja) of each successive generation.

He purchased Khud Cottage in 1939, several years prior to Partition, when his family settled in Shimla. His son, Kanwar Bharamnath Madan, was the first Deputy Commissioner of Shimla.

Successively, the title of ‘Raja’ has been passed on to Raja Gyan Nath Madan’s eldest grandson, Ravindera Nath Madan and currently his great grandson, Rajeev Madan, who still owns Khud Cottage.

==Water well==
Dina Nath commissioned the [[Well of Dina Nath]] in [[Lahore]], [[Punjab, Pakistan]] which, according to legend, has always been dry.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
*Suri, Sohan Lal, `Umdat-ut-Twarikh. Lahore, 1885–89
*Griffin, Lepel, and C.F. Massy, Chiefs and Families of Note in the Punjab. Lahore, 1909
*Hasrat, B.J., Life and Times of Ranjit Singh. Hoshiarpur, 1977

{{Sikh Empire}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Diwan Dina Nath}}
[[Category:1795 births]]
[[Category:1857 deaths]]
[[Category:Kashmiri Brahmins]]
[[Category:People from Lahore]]
[[Category:People from the Sikh Empire]]

Rupani

2025-06-12T20:24:59Z

DarleneSeamon8: made initial data basic info

'''Rupani''' is an Indian name. It may refer to:
* [[Nanik Rupani]] (born 1941), Indian entrepreneur
* [[Vijay Rupani]] (1956–2025), Indian politician, chief minister of Gujarat
* [[Rupani Rural Municipality]] in Nepal


{{Disambiguation|surname}}

Berry Sarbadhikary

2025-03-23T13:01:48Z

DarleneSeamon8: done...

{{short description|Indian cricket commentator, journalist, and author}}
{{more footnotes|date=December 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
'''Bijoy Chandra "Berry" Sarbadhikary''' (died 19 December 1976 at the age of 72 in [[Mumbai|Bombay]]) was an Indian [[cricket]] commentator, journalist and author.

Berry Sarbadhikary was an opening batsman and [[wicket-keeper]] for [[Calcutta University]] before taking up journalism. He covered 104 [[Test cricket|Test matches]] over about fifty years. He was a commentator in [[All India Radio]] till 1972.

He got the nickname 'Berry' after, on finding a player short in a match, he entered the name "John Berry" (first names of [[Jack Hobbs]]) as the last man and eventually played in that place. He was the son of Sushil Prasad and had one child, Jayashree Sarbadhikary Roy.

Sarbadhikary committed suicide by jumping from the third floor of the boarding house in Crawford Market, Bombay (now Mumbai) where he lived. The suicide note that he left mentioned ill health and financial insecurities as the reasons.

'''Major works'''
* ''C.K. Nayudu'' (1945)
* ''Indian Cricket Uncovered'' (1945)
* ''My World of Cricket'' (1964)

==See also==
* [[Sarbadhikari]]

==References==
* [[David Frith (author)|David Frith]], ''Silence of the Heart''
* Khalid Ansari, ''Berry Sarbadhikary - RIP'', Sportsweek, 26 December 1976, reproduced in ''Cricket at Fever Pitch'', {{ISBN|81-7991-257-4}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070816040746/http://www.sarbadhikari.com/sarbagen.htm#29 Family tree]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050310093733/http://www.sportnetwork.net/main/s119/st50725.htm An incident on Vinoo Mankad reported by Berry]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20030505163319/http://chennaionline.com/cityfeature/Mosquitoes/rams02.asp Names of some other famous commentators]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sarbadhikary, Berry}}
[[Category:Year of birth missing]]
[[Category:1976 suicides]]
[[Category:1976 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian cricket commentators]]
[[Category:Cricket writers]]
[[Category:Suicides by jumping in India]]
[[Category:Scottish Church Collegiate School alumni]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:Cricketers from Chennai]]

1888 in India

2025-01-14T02:39:40Z

DarleneSeamon8: adjust page and cleaned formatting for accuracy

{{short description|none}} 
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Year in India|1888}}
Events in the year '''1888 in India'''.

==Incumbents==
* [[Emperor of India|Empress of India]] – [[Queen Victoria]]
* Viceroy of India – [[Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava|The Earl of Dufferin]]
* Viceroy of India – [[Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne]] (from 10 December)

==Events==
* National income - {{INR}}4,773 million
*[[Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi]] left to study in [[London]].
*Sree Narayana Guru, consecrated the first temple for the untouchables in Aruvippuram, Kerala, South India.

==Law==
*Indian Reserve Forces Act<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.indiacode.nic.in/handle/123456789/2314?view_type=search&sam_handle=123456789/1362 |title= Indian Reserve Forces Act |date= |website=India Code |publisher= |access-date=29 March 2022 }}</ref>

==Births==
*17 January – [[Babu Gulabrai]], writer and historian (d.1963).
*21 April - [[Charu Chandra Biswas]],.
*5 September – [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]], philosopher and statesman, first [[Vice President of India]] and second [[President of India]] (d.1975).
*7 November – [[C. V. Raman]], [[physicist]], awarded the 1930 [[Nobel Prize in Physics]] (d.1970).
*11 November – [[J. B. Kripalani]], Freedom Fighter, Congress President (d. 1982).
*11 November – [[Abul Kalam Azad]], Freedom Fighter (d.1958).
*16 December – [[Harold Papworth]], British educator, college principal and Indian civil service officer (d. 1953)
* unknown date – [[Ahmad Saeed Dehlavi]], freedom fighter and first general secretary of the [[Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind]]. (d. 1959).

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{India year nav}}
{{Year in Asia|1888}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1888 In India}}
[[Category:1888 in India| ]]
[[Category:1888 by country|India]]
[[Category:Years of the 19th century in India]]
[[Category:1888 in Asia]]
[[Category:1880s in India]]

{{India-year-stub}}

Hajari

2024-12-12T19:51:54Z

DarleneSeamon8: new redirect

#REDIRECT [[Kishor Pandurang Belekar]]

Tyagada Brahmadeva Pillar

2024-11-10T06:08:50Z

DarleneSeamon8: new stub

{{Short description|Pillar in Shravanabelagola, Karnataka, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2019}}
[[File:Tyagada Brahmadeva Pillar at Shravanabelagola 2018 (6).jpg|thumb|Section of the Tyagada Brahmadeva pillar with relief in floral design]]
[[File:Tyagada Brahmadeva Pillar at Shravanabelagola.jpg|thumb|upright|Tyagada Brahmadeva Pillar (2.3 m tall) at Shravanabelagola]]
The '''Tyagada Brahmadeva Pillar''' (or ''Chhagada Brahmadeva Pillar'') is a decorated free standing pillar (''lit'', ''[[Stambha]]''), 2.3 m tall, commissioned by [[Chamundaraya]], an important minister and commander in the [[Western Ganga Dynasty|Western Ganga kingdom]], during the rule of King Marasimha II (963–975), Rachamalla IV (975–986) and Rachamalla V.<ref name="chamunda">Kamath (1980), p. 45</ref><ref name="sarma1">Sarma (1992), p. 153</ref> The pillar dates to around 983 C.E. and exists on the Vindyagiri hill (called ''Dodda Betta'' in local Kannada language) in the important [[Jain]] heritage town [[Shravanabelagola]], in the [[Karnataka]] state, India.<ref name="pillar">Kamath (1980), p. 52</ref> On the base of the pillar, on the north side, is an inscription in old [[Kannada language]] of the same period,<ref name="insc">Rice (1889), p.2 (introduction, See inscription no.109, List of inscriptions in chronological order, list-i)</ref> which according to epigraphist and historian B.L. Rice confirms Chamundaraya's involvement in the erection of the pillar.<ref name="images"/><ref name="confirm">Rice (1889), p. 33</ref> Free standing pillars are a characteristic feature of the Western Ganga art and are broadly classified as "Mahastambha" (or "Manastambha", "Indrastambha") and "Brahmastambha".<ref name="pillar"/><ref name="common"/>

The pillar was enclosed (around 1700) with an enclosure, open below, so that from the side only some of its length is visible.

==Features==

The pillar stands facing the enclosure leading to the monolith of [[Gommateshwara]] (Bahubali). On the shaft of the pillar are floral carvings depicting creepers and bell-shaped flowers.<ref name="pillar"/> It has a square base with images of two important 10th-century Jain personalities, Chamundaraya and his guru Nemichandra carved out is [[relief]] on one face of the base. They are seated on a platform (''adhisthana'') and the guru appears to be receiving an object from his disciple with his right hand. They are flanked by attendants (''chouri'' or fan bearers) while Chamundaraya's queen Gagan, her hair tied in a knot, is seen in the background.<ref name="pillar"/><ref name="images">Sarma (1992), p. 208</ref>

In the words of the art critic Fergusson,<ref name="pillar_henry">Fergusson in Kamath (1980), p. 52</ref>
{{cquote|"If any one wished to select one feature of Indian architecture which has its perfection and weakness there are probably no objects more suited for this purpose than these free-standing pillars.}}

It was a common practice among the 10th century kings of the Western Ganga dynasty to erect free-standing pillars in front of Jain [[basadi]]s.<ref name="common">Sarma (1992), p. 206</ref> According to the art critic and historian [[S. Settar]], generally "Brahmadeva" pillars found in front of ancient Jain temples do not house sculptures of the ''Brahma Yaksha'' or the god [[Brahma]], rather these pillars find their origins in the "Manastambha" and house an image of the ''Sarvanubhuti Yaksha'' (a benevolent spirit). According to the historian [[I. K. Sarma]], the term may have originated from "Bhrm" meaning to "wander around".<ref name="Yaksha">Settar in Shah (1987), p. 19</ref><ref name="images">Sarma (1992), p. 208</ref>

==Old Kannada inscription==
[[File:Old Kannada inscription (983 CE) on Tyagada Brahmadeva Pillar at Shravanabelagola.JPG|thumb|right|upright|Old Kannada inscription (983 CE) on north face of Tyagada Brahmadeva pillar]]
According to B. L. Rice, the inscription on the north face contains an account by Chamundaraya himself. The original inscription (983 C.E.) was made on all four faces of the square base. However, at present, only the inscription on the north face is intact. According to Rice, the rest of the original inscription appears to have been erased at the instance of Heggade Kanna, a later day chief. Chief Kanna, while installing the image of a ''[[Yaksha]]'' (an attendant of the god of wealth [[Kubera]]) at the top of the pillar, had a minor inscription no longer than two and a half lines of old Kannada (dated to about 1180 A.D.) dedicated to his deed inscribed on the south face of the base. This according to Rice deprived historians from getting complete information about the erection of the pillar.<ref name="complete">Rice (1889), p. 55, pp. 169–170, inscription no. 109, 110</ref>
[[File:Tyagada Brahmadeva Pillar at Shravanabelagola 2018 (2).jpg|thumb|The pillar and its platform]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|1}}

==References==
* {{cite book |last= Sarma|first= I.K.|title= Temples of the Gangas of Karnataka|orig-year=1992|year=1992|publisher= Archaeological Survey of India|location= New Delhi|isbn= 0-19-560686-8}}
* {{cite book |last=Rice|first=Benjamin Lewis|title=Epigraphia Carnatica: Rev. ed, Volume 2-Inscriptions at Shravana Belagola|year=1889|publisher=Government of Mysore Central Press|location=Bangalore}}
*{{cite book |last= Kamath|first= Suryanath U.|title= A concise history of Karnataka : from pre-historic times to the present|orig-year=1980|year= 2001|publisher= Jupiter books|location= Bangalore|oclc= 7796041 |lccn= 80905179}}
* {{cite book|last= Shah|first= Umakant P|title= Jaina-Rupa-Mandana (Jaina Iconography), Volume 1|orig-year= 1987|year= 1987|publisher= Abhinav|location= new Delhi|isbn= 81-7017-218-7|url-access= registration|url= https://archive.org/details/jainarupamandana0000shah}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Religion}}
* [[Jainism in Karnataka]]
* [[Jainism in north Karnataka]]
* [[Jainism in Tulu Nadu]]

==External links==
{{commons category|Tyagada Brahmadeva Pillar}}

{{coord missing|Karnataka}}

[[Category:Western Ganga dynasty]]
[[Category:Monuments and memorials in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Monumental columns in India]]
[[Category:Kannada inscriptions]]
[[Category:10th-century inscriptions]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Hassan district]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in the 10th century]]
[[Category:Jain architecture]]
[[Category:Jainism in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Hassan district]]

Seven Wells

2024-09-04T10:26:08Z

DarleneSeamon8:

{{short description|Neighbourhood in Chennai}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Orphan|date=November 2022}}
{{more citations needed|date=December 2022}}
}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name = Seven Wells
|native_name =
|native_name_lang = ta
|other_name =
|settlement_type = [[Neighbourhood]]
|image_skyline =
|image_alt =
|image_caption =
|nickname =
|image_map =
|map_alt =
|map_caption =
|pushpin_map = Tamil Nadu
|pushpin_label_position =
|pushpin_map_alt =
|pushpin_map_caption = Seven Wells (Chennai)
|coordinates = {{coord|13|05|46.0|N|80|16|53.8|E|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type = [[Country]]
|subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[File: TamilNadu Logo.svg|23x16px|border|alt=Tamil Nadu]] [[Tamil Nadu]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts in India|District]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Chennai district]]
|established_title = <! -- Established -->
|government_type =
|government_body =
|unit_pref = Metric
|area_footnotes =
|area_rank =
|area_total_km2 =
|elevation_footnotes =
|elevation_m = 33
|elevation_ft =
|population_total =
|population_as_of =
|population_rank =
|population_density_km2 =
|demographics_type1 = [[Languages]]
|demographics1_title1 = [[Official]]
|demographics1_info1 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[English language|English]]
|demographics1_title2 = Speech
|demographics1_info2 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[English language|English]]
|timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|utc_offset1 = +5:30
|postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
|postal_code = 600001
|area_code_type = [[Telephone]] Code
|area_code = +9144xxxxxxxx
|registration_plate =
|blank1_name_sec1 = Neighbourhoods
|blank1_info_sec1 = [[George Town, Chennai|George Town]], [[Vannarapettai]], [[Tondiarpet]], [[Sowcarpet]]
|blank2_name_sec1 =
|blank2_info_sec1 =
|blank3_name_sec1 =
|blank3_info_sec1 =
|blank4_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha|LS]]
|blank4_info_sec1 = [[Chennai Central Lok Sabha constituency]]
|blank5_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha|VS]]
|blank5_info_sec1 = [[Harbour Assembly constituency]]
|blank6_name_sec1 = [[Member of Parliament|MP]]
|blank6_info_sec1 = [[Dayanidhi Maran]]
|blank7_name_sec1 = [[Member of Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]]
|blank7_info_sec1 = [[P. K. Sekar Babu]]
|website = https://chennaicorporation.gov.in
|footnotes =
}}

'''Seven Wells''' is a neighbourhood in [[Chennai district]] of [[Tamil Nadu]] State in peninsular [[India]]. Its name was derived from the seven number of wells, dug out for clean drinking water and supplied to Fort,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Molony |first=John Chartres |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=29Pr2Jwogv4C&q=seven%2520wells&pg=PA22 |title=Book of South India |date=2004 |publisher=Asian Educational Services |isbn=978-81-206-1545-8 |language=en}}</ref> during the British period in Chennai. The seven wells were ordered to dig by Francis Whyte Ellis, an Englishman, who was an official of the East India Company,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-08-20 |title=A place for murderers! |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/cover-story/a-place-for-murderers/article6323943.ece |access-date=2022-11-25 |website=frontline.thehindu.com |language=en}}</ref> later became Collector of 'Madras' (renamed and called as Chennai nowadays). Seven Wells constitute Seven Wells North [Seven Wells North is located at an altitude of 33 m above the mean sea level with the geographical coordinates of 13°06'11.5"N 80.16'53.8"E (i.e. 13.103200°N 80.281600°E)] and Seven Wells South [Seven Wells South is located at an altitude of 33 m above the mean sea level with the geographical coordinates of 13°05'46.0"N 80°16'53.8"E (i.e. 13.096100°N 80.281600°E)]. Out of the seven wells dug, only two are in use nowadays.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 August 2009 |last=Karthikeyan |first=Ajitha / TNN / |title=The story of Seven Wells |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/the-story-of-seven-wells/articleshow/4934691.cms |access-date=2022-11-25 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref> This place was earlier called as Peddanaikenpet.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramakrishnan |first=Venkatesh |title=Those were the days: White imprints on Black Town |url=https://www.dtnext.in/city/2022/10/30/those-were-the-days-white-imprints-on-black-town |access-date=2022-11-25 |website=DT next |language=en}}</ref> Seven Wells is a crowded place of residents and businesses.

== Location ==
Located at an altitude of 33 m above the mean sea leve, the geographical coordinates of Seven Wells are 13°05'55.7"N 80°16'53.8"E (i.e. 13.098800°N 80.281600°E). Seven Wells area is bounded by Mint street, Audiappa street, Varadha Muthiyappan street and Vallalar (Mint) flyover. Apart from these streets, Seven Wells street, Govindappa street, Anna street, Thatha Muthiyappan street, Sambier street, Gregory street, Portugees Church street are few important streets in Seven Wells.Shanmugarayan streets

== Neighbourhoods ==
[[Sowcarpet]], [[Mannadi, Chennai|Mannadi]], [[George Town, Chennai|George Town]], [[Vannarapettai]], [[Tondiarpet]], and [[Vallalar Nagar]] are some of the important neighbourhoods in Seven Wells.

== Transport ==
=== Road transport ===
Seven Wells is served by a lot of bus services operated by Metropolitan Transport Corporation, Chennai.

=== Rail transport ===
[[Basin Bridge railway station]] is the nearby railway station to Seven Wells.

== Vallalar house ==
Ramalinga Adigal alias Vallalar, who is better known for his contribution to spirituality and Tamil literature, lived 150 years ago in Veerasamy Pillai street in Seven Wells.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-08-24 |title=Vallalar lives on in century-old house in Chennai |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/vallalar-lives-on-in-century-old-house-in-chennai/article59997912.ece |access-date=2022-11-25 |website=The Hindu |language=en-IN}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Suburbs of Chennai]]

Sealdah (disambiguation)

2024-07-08T17:16:33Z

DarleneSeamon8: new a entry.

'''Sealdah''' may refer to:
* [[Sealdah]], a neighbourhood of central Kolkata, India
* [[Sealdah railway division]], serving 5 districts of West Bengal
* [[Sealdah railway station]], a major railway station in Kolkata, West Bengal, India
* [[Sealdah (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]], an assembly constituency in West Bengal, India

{{Disambiguation}}

Zee Cinema (Canadian TV channel)

2023-11-19T12:01:09Z

DarleneSeamon8: created redirect page

#REDIRECT [[Zee Entertainment Enterprises]]

[[Category:Zee Entertainment Enterprises]]

Aadhi Raat Ke Baad

2023-06-03T11:46:18Z

DarleneSeamon8: Redirect article

#REDIRECT [[Nanabhai Bhatt]]

{{Rcat shell|
{{R to related topic}}
}}

Jagan Mohan IPS

2023-06-03T04:44:17Z

DarleneSeamon8: redirect created

#REDIRECT [[Boopathy Pandian]]