Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]

Chandigarh University, Unnao

2026-05-08T03:15:06Z

DarellBabcock5: Created

{{Short description|none}}
{{pp|small=yes}}
{{aI-generated|date=October 2025|certain=y}}
{{Infobox university
| name = Chandigarh University, Uttar Pradesh
| native_name =
| other_name = CU-UP
| image = Chandigarh_University_Uttar_Pradesh.webp
| motto =
| established = 2024
| type = Private
| chancellor = [[Satnam Singh Sandhu]]
| students =
| city = [[Unnao]]
| country = India
| campus = [[Rural]]
| colours = White & Red
| affiliations = UGC, AIU
| website = [https://www.culko.in/ culko.in]
}}

</noinclude>
'''Chandigarh University, Uttar Pradesh''' (commonly known as CU-UP) is a private university located in [[Unnao]], Uttar Pradesh, with its main campus in [[Mohali]], Punjab.<ref name="hindustan_times_inaug">{{Cite web|title=AI varsity a defining step towards building modern India: UP CM|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/lucknow-news/ai-varsity-a-defining-step-towards-building-modern-india-up-cm-101753554639354.html|access-date=28 October 2025|website=Hindustan Times|date=26 July 2025}}</ref> The university was inaugurated by the [[Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh]] on 26 July 2025.<ref name="hindustan_times_inaug" />

== Campus ==
The campus features smart classrooms, advanced libraries, separate hostel and gymnasium facilities for boys and girls, and shuttle services to major neighboring cities.{{Citation needed|date=October 2025}}

== Academics and Facilities ==
CU-UP offers a variety of undergraduate and postgraduate programs in engineering, management, sciences, commerce, law, and pharmacy, among others. The university enables personalized learning through AI-powered tools{{Citation needed|date=October 2025}}, supports research and innovation, and hosts a vibrant campus life with modern sports and cultural amenities.<ref name="shiksha_overview">{{Cite web|title=Chandigarh University, UP Campus: Courses, Fees, Admission 2025|url=https://www.shiksha.com/university/chandigarh-university-up-campus-lucknow-229904|access-date=28 October 2025}}</ref>

== Recognition ==
Chandigarh University, Uttar Pradesh is recognized by the [[University Grants Commission (India)|UGC]] and the [[Association of Indian Universities|AIU]].<ref name="indianexpress_ugc">{{Cite web|title=Lucknow campus of Chandigarh University gets UGC nod|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/lucknow/lucknow-campus-of-chandigarh-varsity-gets-ugc-nod-9806716/|access-date=28 October 2025|website=The Indian Express|date=January 2024}}</ref>

== References ==
<references />

== External links ==
* [https://www.culko.in/ Official Website – Chandigarh University, Uttar Pradesh]

{{coord missing|Uttar Pradesh}}

{{Universities in Uttar Pradesh|state=expanded}}
[[Category:Private universities in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Lucknow]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges established in 2024]]
[[Category:2024 establishments in Uttar Pradesh]]

Rathna Shekar Reddy

2026-05-06T20:43:51Z

DarellBabcock5: starting some post basic info

{{Short description|Indian actor}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2014}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2014}}
{{Infobox person
| image =
| imagesize =
| name = Rathna Shekar Reddy
| birth_date = 21 October 1980
| birth_place= [[Hyderabad]], [[Andhra Pradesh]], India
| occupation = Dramatist Actor Director
| yearsactive= 2004–present
}}
'''Rathna Shekar Reddy''' is an Indian actor. He is the co-founder of the prominent Hyderabad-based theatre group Samahaara, along with writer-director [[Anjali Parvati Koda]].{{citation needed|date=August 2018}} He starred in Telugu films such as the National Award-winning [[Telugu cinema|Telugu film]], ''[[Naa Bangaaru Talli]]'' (''Ente'' in Malayalam).<ref name="sakshipost.com"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140417/entertainment-tollywood/article/naa-bangaru-talli-bags-3-awards|title=Telugu film Naa Bangaru Talli bags three national awards|date=17 April 2014|publisher=}}</ref>

==Career==

Reddy is a Hyderabadi theatre and Telugu film actor<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm5715233/bio|title=Rathna Shekar Reddy|website=[[IMDb]]|publisher=}}</ref> and an alumnus of the [[Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute]].<ref name="thehindu"/> He is best known for his critically acclaimed theatre productions like ''Purushotham'', ''Dominic Wesley'', ''Last Wish Baby'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2011/01/07/stories/2011010750360400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110701064045/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2011/01/07/stories/2011010750360400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2011-07-01|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=2011-01-07|title=Archive News}}</ref> Gregor Samsa<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-fridayreview/novel-adaptation/article5733713.ece|title=Novel adaptation|first=C. Suresh|last=Kumar|date=28 February 2014|publisher=|newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref> and others, and his work in movies like ''Ishq'' (Telugu) and ''Ente'' (Malayalam).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.entethemovie.com/thecast.html|title=The Cast - Ente..The Movie|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130606091209/http://www.entethemovie.com/thecast.html|archivedate=6 June 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> His body of work includes ''The Imaginary Invalid'',<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/yw/2005/12/23/stories/2005122301040600.htm|title=The Hindu : Young World : The best medicine|date=18 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111018163631/http://www.hindu.com/yw/2005/12/23/stories/2005122301040600.htm |archive-date=18 October 2011 }}</ref> ''Fiddler on the Roof'',<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/11/12/stories/2008111250370100.htm|title=The Hindu : Metro Plus Hyderabad : Creating a new niche|date=18 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111018071257/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2008/11/12/stories/2008111250370100.htm |archive-date=18 October 2011 }}</ref> ''Purushotham'', ''Wait Until Dark'',<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-youngworld/article889529.ece | magazine=The Hindu | title=Drama time }}</ref> and ''The Last Wish Baby''.<ref>{{Cite web | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110701064045/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2011/01/07/stories/2011010750360400.htm | url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2011/01/07/stories/2011010750360400.htm | archive-date=2011-07-01 | newspaper=The Hindu | title=Friday Review Hyderabad : A laugh riot}}</ref>

Reddy conducts theatre workshops,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archives.deccanchronicle.com/130311/lifestyle-booksart/article/%E2%80%98amateurs-keep-theatre-alive%E2%80%99-rathna-shekar|title='Amateurs keep theatre alive': Rathna Shekar - Deccan Chronicle|access-date=4 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304162605/http://archives.deccanchronicle.com/130311/lifestyle-booksart/article/%E2%80%98amateurs-keep-theatre-alive%E2%80%99-rathna-shekar|archive-date=4 March 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> produces and directs plays for both Samahaara and outside institutions like schools, colleges, corporations and others. His movies include ''Mana Kuralle'',<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/sons-of-the-soil/article5741278.ece|title=Sons of the soil|first=M. L.|last=Narasimham|date=2 March 2014|publisher=|newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref> in which he plays a negative lead, ''Antha Scene Ledu'',<ref>Antha Scene Ledu</ref> lead in the award-winning ''Naa Bangaaru Thalli'',<ref name="sakshipost.com">[http://www.sakshipost.com/index.php/entertainment/news-gossip/29131-naa-bangaaru-talli-wins-two-international-awards.html?psource=Related%20Articles Unknown]{{dead link|date=December 2016 | fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> ''[[Yuddham Sharanam]]'' and others. His TV show ''Wow Emi Ruchi'', for which he was the host for more than a 100 episodes, gained him tremendous popularity on the small screen.<ref name="telanganatoday.com">{{cite web |url=https://telanganatoday.com/rathna-shekar-reddy-mentor-extraordinaire |title=Rathna Shekar Reddy, mentor extraordinaire |website=telanganatoday.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717133405/https://telanganatoday.com/rathna-shekar-reddy-mentor-extraordinaire |archive-date=2018-07-17}}</ref>

===Samahaara===

Rathna Shekar began with touring their maiden production ''The Crest of the Peacock'',<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/07/19/stories/2004071901570100.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040917234518/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/07/19/stories/2004071901570100.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2004-09-17|title=Stage entrepreneurs|first=`The Magic If Creations' is Hyderabad's first theatre company launched by an enthusiastic group, writes|last=SUMANASPATI|pages=01|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=2004-07-19|via=The Hindu (old)}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2004-10-01/hyderabad/27171230_1_maths-ramanujan-kerala-school|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111018173557/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2004-10-01/hyderabad/27171230_1_maths-ramanujan-kerala-school|url-status=dead|archive-date=2011-10-18|work=[[The Times of India]]|title=India News, Latest Sports, Bollywood, World, Business & Politics News}}</ref> an educational play on mathematics across the twin cities to schools and colleges, staging more than 50 shows. Their plays, ''Purushotham-He'', ''the Victim of Spiders'' and ''Pressure Cookers'' have gotten critical acclaim. They have worked on many productions since including another original play, ''Dominic Wesley'', written by Koda, directed by UK-based Stu Denison, Unlucky (based on [[Samuel Beckett]]'s plays) also directed by Denison,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111018151431/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/tabloids/beckett-revisited-689 Beckett Revisited | Deccan Chronicle]</ref> [[Rabindranath Tagore]]'s ''Post Office'', [[Woody Allen]]'s ''God'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/fr/2011/06/03/stories/2011060350190400.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623064454/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2011/06/03/stories/2011060350190400.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2011-06-23|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=2011-06-03|title=Archive News}}</ref> [[Athol Fugard]]'s ''The Island'' and many workshop productions.

The group Samahaara under the guidance of Rathna Shekar Reddy is credited with making theatre popular and involving the young crowd in Hyderabad. Their most significant contribution to the [[Theatre of India]], apart from their original productions, has been organizing four editions of The Hyderabad Theatre Festival, namely The Hyderabad Theatre Festival 2009,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.go-nxg.com/?p=5789|title=go-nxg.com|website=www.go-nxg.com}}</ref> The Hyderabad Theatre and Short-Film Festival 2010.<ref name="thehindu">{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/arts/theatre/article542095.ece|title=Men and women merely players|first=Serish|last=Nanisetti|date=30 July 2010|publisher=|newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.channel6.in/2010/09/infinite-fascination-of-theatre/ |title=Infinite fascination of theatre « Channel 6 |access-date=7 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402224245/http://www.channel6.in/2010/09/infinite-fascination-of-theatre/ |archive-date=2 April 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> the Samahaara Hyderabad Theatre and Rock Music Festival 2011,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-18/hyderabad/30530774_1_lady-macbeth-hyderabadi-witches|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120707080744/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-12-18/hyderabad/30530774_1_lady-macbeth-hyderabadi-witches|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-07-07|work=[[The Times of India]]|title=Rock music festival starts in Hyderabad}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XcrFfLHQWfU|title=Hyderabad Theatre and Rock Music Festival 2011 - The Entertainer's Oath|last=The Filmery|date=7 December 2011|publisher=|via=YouTube}}</ref> and the Hyderabad Theatre Festival 2012. The festival has been instrumental in bringing together the various amateur and professional theatre groups in Hyderabad and improving the quality and scale of the plays. The platform of HTF as it is abbreviated has been a great boost for theatre groups in Hyderabad.<ref name="telanganatoday.com"/>

Many of Samahaara's stand-alone productions are performed at various auditoriums across the city, including the open-cultural center [[Lamakaan]], the iconic [[Ravindra Bharathi]], Telugu University and Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. HTF 2009 was held in June 2009 at Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, HTF 2010 was conducted at [[Ravindra Bharathi]] in July 2010 for 7 days, and HTF 2011 was conducted in December 2011 at three venues: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, [[Ravindra Bharathi]] and Taramati Baradari.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cluburb.com/culture/art/2887-hyderabad-theater-festival-hyderabad-2011 |title=Hyderabad Theater Fest 2011 |accessdate=2014-03-08 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121126171855/http://www.cluburb.com/culture/art/2887-hyderabad-theater-festival-hyderabad-2011 |archivedate=26 November 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

Another project, the Samahaara Theatre Cooperative, involves selecting a group of actors, providing them with training, and offering opportunities to perform on stage over the course of a year.<ref name="telanganatoday.com"/>

With his performances and mentorship, he has touched hearts throughout the city and can be cited as largely responsible for the increasing interest in theatre in Hyderabad visible in the last few years. Youngsters in Hyderabad are now able to find a mentor to learn from, and Reddy has created a platform for them to develop and display their talent.<ref>{{Cite web | title=Art lovers:Hyderabad Theatre Festival | url=http://cityplus.jagran.com/city-news/art-lovers-hyderabad-theatre-festival_1359615864.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140304162154/http://cityplus.jagran.com/city-news/art-lovers-hyderabad-theatre-festival_1359615864.html | access-date=2025-02-18 | archive-date=2014-03-04}}</ref> Other theatre groups in the city have recognized the contribution of Samahaara and Rathna Shekar by crediting a surge in audience interest to him and to Samahaara's annual Hyderabad Theatre Festival.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/Options-aplenty-for-theatre-lovers/2014/07/18/article2335528.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140720053944/http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/Options-aplenty-for-theatre-lovers/2014/07/18/article2335528.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=20 July 2014|title=Options aplenty for theatre lovers|publisher=}}</ref> Also the continued efforts in educating and training people in theatre has seen a dramatic rise in interest from the audience.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/2014/11/28/Evoking-the-Creative-Spirit/article2543801.ece|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150504225145/http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/hyderabad/2014/11/28/Evoking-the-Creative-Spirit/article2543801.ece|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 May 2015|title=Evoking the Creative Spirit|publisher=}}</ref>

===Theatre workshops===

After returning from New York, Shekar started to freelance by conducting workshops, directing plays and figuring out ways to build a career in theatre, as Hyderabad did not have an established scene.<ref name="telanganatoday.com"/>
Samahaara has organised more than 150 theatre workshops for both beginners and professionals by theatre personalities like Reddy himself, [[Mike Daisey]], Theatre MXT from USA (in association with the US Consulate General Hyderabad),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rangkarm.wordpress.com/tag/samahaara/|title=Protected Blog › Log in|publisher=}}</ref> Stu Denison from the UK and David Zinder from Israel.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://epaper.deccanpost.in/details.aspx?boxid=61411671&id=1111 |title=Detail |access-date=7 June 2013 |archive-date=23 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111223230513/http://epaper.deccanpost.in/details.aspx?boxid=61411671&id=1111 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The workshops help promote theatre awareness and increase professional approach and scope in the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vidyouth.com/2009/08/26/on-the-stage-of-life/|title=On the stage of life - VidYouth|publisher=}}</ref> His workshops offer a mix of outdoor theatre activities, reading, analysis, discussion and performances.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.whatshot.in/hyderabad/samahaara-weekend-theatre-workshop-e-345598|title = Samahaara Weekend Theatre Workshop in Hyderabad, Lamakaan | What's Hot}}</ref> He has recently{{when|date=July 2021}} completed one hundred workshops, while Samahaara has hosted double that.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/theatre/samahaara-founder-rathna-shekar-reddy-completes-100-workshop-productions/article28823225.ece|title = When Rathna Shekar Reddy finds an opportunity, he passes it on|newspaper = The Hindu|date = 5 August 2019|last1 = Murthy|first1 = Neeraja}}</ref><ref name="telanganatoday.com"/>

==Theatre==
{{colbegin}}
*''[[The Importance of Being Earnest]]'' by [[Oscar Wilde]] (English) (Actor-Director)
*''[[Court Martial]]'' by [[Swadesh Deepak]] (Hindi) (Actor-Director)
*''The Bear'' by [[Anton Chekhov]] (English) (Actor-Director)
*''The Proposal'' by [[Anton Chekhov]] (English) (Actor-Director)
*''[[Hamlet]]'' by [[William Shakespeare]] (English) (Actor-Director)
*''Dominic Wesley'' by [[Anjali Parvati Koda]] (English) (Actor-Director)
*''[[The Zoo Story]]'' by [[Edward Albee]] (English) (Actor)
*''Purushotham'' by [[Anjali Parvati Koda]] (English) (Actor-Director)
*''The Crest of the Peacock'' by Sarada Devi (English) (Actor)
*''Maranoparanth'' by Surendra Varma (Hindi) (Actor)
*''Urubhangam'' by Bhasa (Telugu) (Actor)
*''Pranam Khareedu'' by A.S.Rao (Telugu) (Actor-Director)
*''Bhagavat Ajjukiyam'' by Bhavabhuthi (Telugu) (Actor)
*''Nagamandala'' by [[Girish Karnad]] (Telugu) (Actor)
*''Prajanayakudu Prakasham'' by Prof. M.N.Sharma (Telugu) (Actor)
*''Amballa Banda'' by Bhoopal Reddy (Telugu) (Actor)
*''Dongatakam'' by Vishwanatha Kaviraju (Telugu) (Actor)
*''Taj Mahal Ka Tender'' by Ajay Shukla (Hindi) (Director)
*''Karna'' by [[Anjali Parvati Koda]] (English) (Director)
*''Beauty and the Beast'' (Musical) by Gabrielle-Suzanne Barbot de Villeneuve (English) (Director)
*''A Distant Plateau'' by Paul Skye (English) (Director)
*''12 Angry Men'' by Reginald Rose (English) (Director)
*''Jungle Book'' (Musical) by [[Rudyard Kipling]] (English) (Director)
*''Gregor Samsa'' by [[Anjali Parvati Koda]] (English) (Director)
*''The Good Doctor'' by [[Neil Simon]] (English) (Director)
*''[[The Wizard of Oz (1902 musical)|The Wizard of Oz]]'' (Musical) by L Frank Baum (English) (Director)
*''Sound of Music'' (Musical) by [[Earnest Lehman]] (English) (Director)
*''Farewell'' by Team Samahaara (Multilingual) (Director)
*''Princess and the frog'' by [[The Brothers Grimm]] (English) (Director)
*''Charlie’s Aunt'' by Brandon Thomas (English) (Director)
*''The Last wish Baby'' Adapted by [[Anjali Parvati Koda]] and Team Samahaara (Multilingual) (Director)
*''Beyond the land of Hattamala'' by [[Badal Sarkar]] (English) (Director)
*''Wait until dark'' by Frederick Knott (English) (Director)
*''Fiddler on the roof'' (Musical) by [[Joseph Stein]] (English) (Director)
*''And Then There Were None'' by [[Agatha Christie]] (English) (Director)
*''Imaginary Invalid'' by [[Molière]] (English) (Director)
*''Isosceles Triangle'' by C H Phansalkar (Director)
{{colend}}

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
!Language
! Notes
|-
| 2011 || ''[[Virodhi (2011 film)|Virodhi]]'' || Police officer
| rowspan="3" |Telugu||
|-
| rowspan="2"|2012|| ''[[Ishq (2012 film)|Ishq]]'' || Raza ||
|-
| ''[[Yamudiki Mogudu (2012 film)|Yamudiki Mogudu]]'' || Varuna Deva ||
|-
| rowspan="4" |2014
|''[[Ente (film)|Ente]]''
| rowspan="2" |Vijay
|Malayalam
|
|-
| ''[[Na Bangaaru Talli]]''
|Telugu||
|-
| ''Gutthi-the Riddle''|| Anand Rajan
|Hindi|| Short film
|-
| ''Mana Kurralle'' ||
| rowspan="4" |Telugu||
|-
| 2017 || ''[[Yuddham Sharanam]]'' || ||
|-
| 2023 || ''[[The Great Indian Suicide]]'' || Nirmal Maharaj ||
|-
| 2025||''[[Mirai (2025 film)|Mirai]]'' || Kyza ||
|}

===Television===
Rathna Shekar Reddy hosted a TV Show ''Wow Emi Ruchi''<ref name="telanganatoday.com"/> for more than 100 shows.

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Reddy, Rathna Shekar}}
[[Category:Male actors in Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:Male actors in Telugu cinema]]
[[Category:Telugu male actors]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Telugu-language writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Indian male dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Telugu-language dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:Male actors from Hyderabad, India]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male writers]]
[[Category:1980 births]]

Teotonio Pereira

2026-04-24T19:38:57Z

DarellBabcock5: new basic info v1!

{{short description|Indian politician, freedom fighter and activist (1930–2022)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Teotonio Pereira
| birth_name = Teotonio Francisco Paulo Pereira
| image = Teotonio Pereira, ex-MLA, Goa's first assembly (cropped).jpg
| caption = Pereira in 2015
| office1 = [[Goa Legislative Assembly|Member of Goa Legislative Assembly]]
| birth_place = [[Goa Velha]], [[Goa]], [[Portuguese India]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1930|3|18|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Mapusa]], Goa, India
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2022|2|16|1930|3|18|df=y}}
| constituency1 = [[St. Andre Assembly constituency|St. Andre]]{{efn|also known as Santo Andre prior 1994.}}
| predecessor1 = ''constituency established''
| predecessor2 = Shripad Cuncolienkar
| successor2 = Shripad Cuncolienkar
| constituency2 = St. Andre
| term_start2 = 1980
| term_end2 = 26 December 1984
| party = [[United Goans Democratic Party]] (2002–2022){{efn|joined the party in {{circa|2002}}; may have left later.}}
| resting_place = St. Jerome Cemetery, Mapusa, Goa, India
| spouse = Adelaide Novais Pereira
| other_party = {{plainlist|
* [[United Goans (Sequiera Group)]] (1963–1977)
* [[Janata Party]] (1977–1980)
* [[Indian National Congress (U)]] (1980–1984){{efn|majority of sources cited claim that Pereira was a member of the [[Indian National Congress (U)]], the official source from goavidhansabha.gov.in states that Pereira was a member of [[Congress (I)]].}}
* [[Independent politician|Independent]] (1984–2002)}}
| successor1 = [[Shripad Cuncolienkar]]
| occupation = {{hlist|Politician|social activist|businessperson}}
| term_start1 = 11 December 1963
| term_end1 = 5 January 1977
| majority1 = {{plainlist|
* 5,656 (57.47%){{efn|for the year 1967–1972; followed by the next term.}}
* 5,335 (50.44%)}}
| majority2 = 4,200 (44.38%)
| children = 8; one deceased
| committees = {{plainlist|
* Petitions
* Library
* The Goa, Daman and Diu Registration of Tourist Trade Bill}}
}}

'''Teotonio Francisco Paulo Pereira'''{{efn|Some sources claim that Pereira's middle name was '''John'''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/teotonio-pereira-mla-from-goas-1st-assembly-dies-at-91/articleshow/89625639.cms|title=Teotonio Pereira, MLA from Goa's 1st assembly, dies at 91 | Goa News - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=17 February 2022 }}</ref>}} (18 March 1930 – 16 February 2022) was an Indian politician, social activist, [[indian freedom fighter|freedom fighter]], musician, [[orator]] and businessman who served as a member of the [[Goa Legislative Assembly]], representing the [[St. Andre Assembly constituency]] from 1963 to 1977 and 1980 to 1984.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Goa Legislative Assembly |url=https://www.goavidhansabha.gov.in/member_detail.php?mem_id=176 |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=www.goavidhansabha.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=A doyen of Goan politics—Teotonio Pereira passes away at 92 |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Goa/A-doyen-of-Goan-politics%E2%80%94Teotonio-Pereira-passes-away-at-92/186729 |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=oHeraldo|date=17 February 2022 }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Former MLA Teotonio Pereira laid to rest |url=https://www.thegoan.net/goa-news/former-mla-teotonio-pereira-laid-to-rest/80550.html |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=The Goan EveryDay |language=en}}</ref>

==Early and personal life==
Teotonio Francisco Paulo Pereira was born in [[Goa Velha]], Goa. He completed his [[primary education]] from Govt. Primary School. He later completed his schooling from People's High School at [[Panaji]]. Pereira was married to Adelaide Novais Pereira, they had 9 children together. On 29 September 2020, Mario Pereira, aged 62, his fourth child died from [[COVID-19]]. Pereira was a [[polyglot]] and spoke [[Konkani language|Konkani]], Portuguese, English and [[Hindi-language|Hindi]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Paulo Travels owner falls prey to Covid |url=https://www.thegoan.net/goa-news/%EF%BB%BFpaulo-travels-owner-falls-prey-to-covid/59478.html |access-date=2022-12-13 |website=The Goan EveryDay |language=en}}</ref>

Some of his hobbies included driving, [[gardening]] and singing, he also had a [[Special interest group|special interest]] in the transport business. Few of his [[recreation]] activities included football, movies, [[Carom billiards|carom]] and [[dramas]]. Pereira also organized dramatic performances and [[folk songs]].<ref name=":0" />

==Political career==
Pereira was a four-term member of the [[Goa Legislative Assembly]]. He first contested in the [[1963 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election]] from the [[St. Andre Assembly constituency]] on the [[United Goans (Sequiera Group)]] (UGS) ticket and emerged victorious by defeating chief ministerial candidate, [[Vishwanath Lawande]] of the [[Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party]] (MGP). He served for five years from 1963 to 1967. He then successfully contested in the [[1967 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election]] from the same constituency on the UGS ticket, he defeated MGP candidate, Melo Agosttinho Santana by a margin of 2,190 votes.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Diu (India) |first=Goa, Daman and |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ch0bkzj3ja8C&q=teotonio+pereira+andre+1963 |title=Government Gazette. Boletim Oficial |date=1964 |language=en}}</ref>

Pereira then contested in the [[1972 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election]] from the same constituency on the UGS ticket, he emerged victorious by defeating MGP candidate, Melo Agosttinho Santana by a margin of 1,366 votes.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Assembly |first=Goa, Daman and Diu (India) Legislative |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZSQIAQAAIAAJ&q=teotonio+pereira+andre |title=Debates; Official Report |date=1972 |language=en}}</ref> He then unsuccessfully contested in the [[1977 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election]] from the same consistency on the [[Janata Party]] ticket, he lost to [[Indian National Congress]] (INC) candidate, [[Shripad Cuncolienkar]] by a margin of 405 votes.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Reed |first=Sir Stanley |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G2LVAAAAMAAJ&q=teotonio+pereira+andre |title=Indian and Pakistan Year Book and Who's who |date=1977 |publisher=Bennett, Coleman. |language=en}}</ref>

Pereira next successfully contested in the [[1980 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election]] from the St. Andre Assembly constituency on the [[Indian National Congress (U)]] ticket. He defeated MGP candidate, Shripad Cuncolienkar by a margin of 771 votes. He next unsuccessfully contested in the [[1984 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election]] from the same constituency as an [[Independent politician|Independent]] candidate. He lost to INC candidate, Shripad Cuncolienkar by a margin of 1279 votes.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Reed |first=Sir Stanley |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jg0fAQAAMAAJ&q=teotonio+pereira+andre |title=The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who |date=1982 |publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Company |language=en}}</ref>

Following his defeat in the prior election, Pereira didn't contest the [[1989 Goa Legislative Assembly election]]. He next unsuccessfully contested the [[1994 Goa Legislative Assembly election]] from the St. Andre Assembly constituency as an Independent candidate, he lost to INC member, [[Carmo Pegado]] by a margin of 6237 votes. Pereira last unsuccessfully contested in the [[2002 Goa Legislative Assembly election]] from the same constituency on the [[United Goans Democratic Party]] ticket, he lost to INC candidate, [[Francisco Silveira]] by a margin of 6775 votes.

==Death==
On 16 February 2022, Pereira died from a brief illness while undergoing treatment at a private hospital in [[Mapusa]]. The funeral service was held the next day at 4:00 pm IST at St. Jerome Church, Mapusa.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Four-time MLA Teotonio Pereira passes away at 91 – The Navhind Times |date=17 February 2022 |url=https://www.navhindtimes.in/2022/02/17/goanews/four-time-mla-teotonio-pereira-passes-away-at-91/ |access-date=2022-12-10 |language=en-US}}</ref> The [[Goa Police]] honoured him with a [[21-gun salute]]. Among those present at the funeral were [[Bishop Emeritus]] of Port Blair, [[Aleixo das Neves Dias]], former [[St. Andre Assembly constituency|St.Andre]] legislator, [[Francisco Silveira]], [[Mapusa Assembly constituency|Mapusa]] legislator, [[Joshua D'Souza]], former union minister, [[Ramakant Khalap]], former speaker of the [[Goa Legislative Assembly]], [[Tomazinho Cardozo]] and former MMC chairperson, Armindo Braganza.<ref name=":1" />

===Reactions===
Former Goa Leader of Opposition, [[Digambar Kamat]] expressed his grief and gave his condolences to the family. Goa chief minister, [[Pramod Sawant]] said that he was saddened by the demise of Pereira and also gave his condolences to the family on [[Twitter]]. [[Fatorda Assembly constituency|Fatorda]] MLA, [[Vijai Sardesai]] also tweeted, "An Era Ends; The demise of Teotonio Pereira, a member of [[1963 Goa, Daman and Diu Legislative Assembly election|Goa’s first legislative assembly]] brings profound sadness. He fought for Goa and her honour; her identity, culture and language".<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |agency=TNN|date=17 Feb 2022 |title=Teotonio Pereira, MLA from Goa's 1st assembly, dies at 91 {{!}} Goa News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/teotonio-pereira-mla-from-goas-1st-assembly-dies-at-91/articleshow/89625639.cms |access-date=2022-12-10 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

[[Ramakant Khalap]] and his family mourned the death of his neighbour and friend. He stated that Pereira was a multifaceted person who was deeply rooted in the [[Goan]] soil and defined him a real ''[[bhumiputra]]''.<ref name=":3" /> He also added that despite being from two different opposing political parties it never affected their friendship, Khalap also recalls that Pereira invited him to organise his [[wedding reception]] on the rooftop of his newly built house in 1977. He further added that Pereira was a singer, [[composer]] and [[music artist|artist]] and above all a decent human being.<ref name=":2" />

Former St. Andre [[M.L.A]], [[Francisco Silveira]] in his condolence message added that Pereira will be always remembered for his work and being the leader of the common people in the St. Andre constituency. He further added that he was a good [[orator]] who won the hearts of the people and his selfless contribution in the constituency made him the leader of masses.<ref name=":3" />

==Positions held==
* Member of the Committee of Petitions, 1964–65; 1965–66; 1967–68 (resigned in September 1967 from Committees of the House), 1970–71, 1971–72, 1972–73 and 1973–74
* Chairman of Library Committee, 1980–81
* Member of Select Committee on Bill No. 25 of 1980- The [[Goa, Daman and Diu]] Registration of Tourist Trade Bill, 1980<ref name=":0" />

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pereira, Teotonio}}
[[Category:1930 births]]
[[Category:2022 deaths]]
[[Category:People from North Goa district]]
[[Category:Goa, Daman and Diu MLAs 1963–1967]]
[[Category:Goa, Daman and Diu MLAs 1972–1977]]
[[Category:Goa, Daman and Diu MLAs 1967–1972]]
[[Category:Goa, Daman and Diu MLAs 1980–1984]]
[[Category:Goa liberation activists]]

Viswesül Pusa

2026-04-22T02:35:10Z

DarellBabcock5: new the pg basic info

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Family name hatnote|Pusa|lang=Angami}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Viswesül Pusa
| birth_name = Viswesül Kezehol Pusa
| caption =
| image = Portrait image of Viswesül Pusa.jpg
| image_size = 250px
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1954|11|03|2017|01|02}}
| birth_place = [[Viswema]], [[Assam]], India (now in [[Nagaland]], India)
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2017|01|02|1954|11|03}}
| death_place = [[Kohima]], Nagaland, India
| office = Member of the [[Nagaland Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency = [[Southern Angami-II Assembly constituency|Southern Angami II]]
| term_start = 15 February 1993
| term_end = 10 March 2013
| predecessor = [[Vizadel Sakhrie]]
| successor = [[Kropol Vitsü]]
| office1 = President of [[Nagaland Pradesh Congress Committee]]
| constituency1 =
| term1 = 2008 – 2009
| predecessor1 =
| successor1 =
| office2 =
| constituency2 =
| term_start2 =
| predecessor2 =
| successor2 =
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| other_party =
| nickname = K. V. Pusa
| spouse =
| children = 3
| website =
| education = [[North Eastern Hill University]] {{small|([[Bachelor of Arts|B.A.]])}}
| occupation =
| date =
| year =
| source =
}}

'''Viswesül Kezehol Pusa''' (3 November 1954 – 2 January 2017) was an Indian politician from [[Nagaland]]. He was elected to the [[Nagaland Legislative Assembly]] four-times from [[Southern Angami II Assembly constituency]] as a candidate of the [[Indian National Congress]]. He served as the Minister for Veterinary & Animal Husbandry (1998–1999) and Minister for Roads & Bridges and Mechanical (2000–2003) under the [[S. C. Jamir]] regime.<ref>[http://myneta.info/nagaland2014/candidate.php?candidate_id=473 K.V. Pusa (INC) : Constituency- SOUTHERN ANGAMI–II]</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://morungexpress.com/former-minister-kv-pusa-passes-away |title=Former minister KV Pusa passes away |work=[[The Morung Express]] |date=2 January 2017 |access-date=26 November 2021}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Politicians from Nagaland]]
[[Category:North-Eastern Hill University alumni]]
[[Category:1954 births]]
[[Category:2017 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Viswema]]
[[Category:People from Kohima]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Nagaland]]
[[Category:Nagaland MLAs 1993–1998]]
[[Category:Nagaland MLAs 1998–2003]]
[[Category:Nagaland MLAs 2003–2008]]
[[Category:Nagaland MLAs 2008–2013]]

{{Nagaland-politician-stub}}

Vinod Kumar Bind

2026-04-22T02:27:35Z

DarellBabcock5: new the bio from scratch!

{{Short description|Member of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly}}
{{BLP sources|date=December 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Vinod Kumar Bind
| image = Dr vinod bind.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Dr Vinod Bind in 2024
| office = [[Member of Parliament (India)|Member of Parliament]], [[Lok Sabha]]
| term_start =
| term_end =
| constituency = [[Bhadohi Lok Sabha constituency|Bhadohi]]
| predecessor = [[Ramesh Chand Bind|Ramesh Bind]]
| successor =
| office1 = Member of the [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency1 = [[Majhawan Assembly constituency|Majhawan]]
| term_start1 = March 2022
| term_end1 = June 2024
| predecessor1 =
| successor1 =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Uttar Pradesh]], India<ref name="info">{{cite web |title=Dr. Vinod Kumar Bind, NISHAD MLA from Majhawan – Our Neta |url=https://ourneta.com/neta/dr-vinod-kumar-bind/ |publisher=ourneta.com}}</ref>
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]<ref name="info" />
| other_party = [[National Democratic Alliance]] (2022–present)
| occupation = Medical doctor (MBBS, MS)<ref name="info" />
| profession = Politician<ref name="info" />
| alma_mater = [[University of Allahabad]]<ref name="info" />
| spouse = Reena Bind
| children = Ashutosh, Anjali, Amitesh, Rinki
}}

'''Vinod Kumar Bind''' is an Indian politician and medical practitioner, affiliated with the [[Bharatiya Janata Party|Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)]]. He has been involved in public service and healthcare initiatives, particularly in the states of [[Uttar Pradesh]] and [[Bihar]], where he also serves as a [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]].

== Early life and education ==

Bind was born in 1974 in [[Uttar Pradesh]]. His father, Sachanu Ram Bind and mother, Rama Devi, influenced Vinod’s upbringing.{{Citation needed|date=July 2025}}

Bind pursued a career in [[medicine]]. He earned his [[Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery|Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery]] ([[MBBS]]) from [[Motilal Nehru Medical College|MLN Medical College, Allahabad]] and [[Master of Surgery]] degree from [[Sarojini Naidu Medical College]] [[Agra]], an institution in [[Uttar Pradesh]]. During his academic years, he was involved in health awareness drives and free medical camps.{{Citation needed|date=July 2025}}

== Political career ==
He got a ticket from the [[Samajwadi Party]] to run in the 2022 elections from the [[Gyanpur|Gyanpur assembly seat]], But Bind declined the ticket after two days. He then joined the [[NISHAD Party]] and contested and won the election from the [[Majhawan Assembly constituency]] in the [[Mirzapur district]].<ref name="bt">{{cite web |last1=Patel |first1=Priya |title=Vinod Kumar Bind was nominated by the Bharatiya Janata Party to represent Bhadohi in the Lok Sabha Elections 2024 |url=https://www.brutimes.com/news/politics/vinod-kumar-bind-was-nominated-by-the-bharatiya-janata-party-to-represent-bhadohi-in-the-lok-sabha-elections-2024 |website=Bru Times News |language=en}}</ref>

Bind joined the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] ([[BJP]]), drawn to its focus on [[Economic development|development]], [[national security]], and inclusive governance.{{Citation needed|date=July 2025}}

In the 2024 [[2014 Indian general election|Indian General Elections]], he was nominated as the [[BJP]] candidate from [[Bhadohi]] ([[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituency]]). His campaign focused on improving healthcare infrastructure, education, and employment opportunities in the region. Leveraging his medical background, he also advocated for better public health systems and rural wellness initiatives.{{Citation needed|date=July 2025}}

He won the election, becoming a [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]] in the [[18th Lok Sabha]].

== Professional career ==
Before entering politics, Bind worked as a medical doctor in rural populations. He ran medical outreach programs. Through Rama Devi Hospital in [[Mughalsarai]], [[Mirzapur]], and [[Gopiganj]], he provided free medical treatment to the underprivileged in rural areas. In addition to his healthcare efforts, he also organized mass marriage ceremonies for underprivileged families.{{Citation needed|date=July 2025}}

== Ideologies ==
Bind upholds a blend of political nationalism and social reform, rooted in the principles of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]. As both a medical professional and parliamentarian, he emphasises accessible healthcare, rural development, and educational empowerment for marginalised communities, particularly in [[Uttar Pradesh]] and [[Bihar]]. He advocates for:{{Citation needed|date=July 2025}}

* Affordable and quality healthcare in rural and semi-urban areas, drawing from his own background in medicine.
* Empowerment of backward and Scheduled Castes, aiming to bridge historical socio-economic gaps through education and welfare programs. Good governance and transparency in administration, in alignment with the BJP’s broader mission of development with integrity.
* Youth and skill development, encouraging vocational training and employment-oriented education for regional upliftment.
* Cultural pride and regional identity, promoting local heritage while fostering national unity.

Bind also supports government-led initiatives such as [[Ayushman Bharat Yojana|Ayushman Bharat]], [[Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana|Ujjwala Yojana]], [[Nari Shakti Puraskar|Nari Shakti]], Mahila Sashaktikaran, PM Awas Yojana', Digital India, and [[Swachh Bharat Mission|Swachh Bharat Abhiyan]] and integrates these schemes into his constituency work.{{Citation needed|date=July 2025}}

== Posts held ==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
!#
!
!From
!To
!Position
!Comments
|-
|01
|
|2022
|2024
|[[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]
|
|-
|02
|
|2024
|Incumbent
|[[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]], [[18th Lok Sabha]]
|}

== Government Committee Member ==

* Parliamentary Standing Committee on Health and Family Welfare
* Consultative Committee on [[Consumer Affairs]]
* Consultative Committee for the [[Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas]]

== See also ==

* [[18th Uttar Pradesh Assembly]]
* [[Majhawan Assembly constituency]]
* [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Portal bar|India|Politics}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bind, Vinod Kumar}}
[[Category:1974 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh MLAs 2022–2027]]
[[Category:NISHAD Party politicians]]
[[Category:India MPs 2024–2029]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:University of Allahabad alumni]]

Ranaghat Junction railway station

2026-04-20T15:31:52Z

DarellBabcock5: starting first data basic info

{{Short description|Railway Station in West Bengal, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{Infobox station
| name = Ranaghat Junction
| type = {{Plainlist|
* [[File:Indian_Railways_Suburban_Railway_Logo.svg|30px]] [[Kolkata Suburban Railway]] [[junction station]]
}}
| native_name_lang = bn
| symbol = s
| symbol_location = kolkata
| style = Kolkata Suburban Railway
| image = Ranaghat Station Front.jpg
| image_caption = Ranaghat Junction railway station
| address = GNPC Road, [[Ranaghat]], [[Nadia district|Nadia]], [[West Bengal]]
| country = India
| coordinates = {{Coord|23.174077|88.568598|type:railwaystation_region:IN|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| elevation = {{convert|13|m|ft}}
| line = [[Sealdah–Lalgola line]] [[Ranaghat–Gede line]] [[Bangaon–Ranaghat line]] of [[Kolkata Suburban Railway]]
| other =
| structure = [[Intersection_(road)#At_grade_railways|At grade]]
| platform = 6
| tracks = 10
| parking = Not available
| bicycle = Not available
| opened = {{start date and age|1862}}
| closed =
| rebuilt =
| electrified = 1963–{{start date and age|1965}}
| accessible = Not available
| code = {{Indian railway code
| code = RHA
| zone = [[Eastern Railway zone|Eastern Railway]]
| division = {{rwd|Sealdah}}
}}
| owned = [[Indian Railways]]
| operator = [[Eastern Railway zone|Eastern Railway]]
| status = Functioning
| former = [[Eastern Bengal Railway]]
| passengers =
| pass_year =
| pass_percent =
| pass_system =
| map_type = India West Bengal#India
| map_dot_label = Ranaghat Junction
| map_size = 300
| map_caption = Location in West Bengal##Location in India
| services = {{Adjacent stations|system=Kolkata Suburban Railway
|line=Eastern|left=Payradanga|right=Kalinarayanpur Junction|to-left=Sealdah|to-right=Lalgola|type=[[Ranaghat–Krishnanagar City–Lalgola line]]
|line2=Eastern|left2=Payradanga|right2=Bankimnagar|to-left2=Sealdah|to-right2=Gede|type2=[[Sealdah–Ranaghat line|Main line/Gede line]]
|line3=Eastern|right3=Coopers Halt|to-left3=Sealdah|to-right3=Bangaon Junction|type3=[[Ranaghat–Bangaon line]]}}
| route_map = {{Lalgola and Gede branch lines}}{{Sealdah–Ranaghat line}}{{Sealdah–Hasnabad–Bangaon–Ranaghat line}}
| map_state = collapsed
}}

'''Ranaghat''' is a [[Kolkata Suburban Railway]] [[junction station]] on the [[Sealdah–Ranaghat line]], the [[Lalgola branch line]], the [[Lalgola and Gede branch lines|Gede branch line]] and the [[Ranaghat–Bangaon link line]]. It is located in [[Nadia district]] in the Indian state of [[West Bengal]]. It serves [[Ranaghat]] and the surrounding areas.

==History==
The Calcutta (Sealdah)–Kusthia line of [[Eastern Bengal Railway]] was opened to traffic in 1862.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.irfca.org/faq/faq-hist.html|title =IR History: Early days (1832–1865) | publisher=IRFCA | access-date = 2 May 2013}}</ref> Eastern Bengal Railway worked on the eastern side of the [[Hooghly River]], which in those days was unbridged.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://wiki.fibis.org/index.php?title=Eastern_Bengal_Railway |title =Eastern Bengal Railway | publisher=fibis | access-date = 2 May 2013}}</ref>

The Ranaghat–Bangaon link was constructed in 1882–84 by the Bengal Central Railway Company <ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.irfca.org/~mrinal/chronology.html |title =The Chronology of Railway development in Eastern Indian | publisher=railindia | access-date = 3 May 2013 }}</ref>

The Ranaghat–Lalgola branch line was opened in 1905.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.irfca.org/docs/history/murshidabad.html |title = Murshidabad District (1914) |author= L.S.S. O'Malley | publisher= [[IRFCA]]| access-date = 3 May 2013 }}</ref>

==Electrification==
The Sealdah–Ranaghat sector was electrified in 1963–64. The Ranaghat–Shantipur sector was electrified in 1963–64.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://er.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,6,442,462,470|title=TRACTION DISTRIBUTION SEALDAH|website=er.indianrailways.gov.in|access-date=May 4, 2019}}</ref> The Kalinarayanpur-Krishnanagar City sector was electrified in 1964–65.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://irfca.org/docs/electrification-history.html |title = History of Electrification | publisher= IRFCA| access-date = 2 May 2013}}</ref> The Ranaghat–Gede line was electrified in 1999–2000.The Ranaghat–Lalgola section has been electrified on the 2010s.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.ireeindia.org/RE%20Booklet.pdf |title =Railway Electrification | publisher= ireeindia| access-date = 3 May 2013 }}</ref>

==Carriage and wagon depot==
It can handle the turn around maintenance of three trains.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.er.indianrailways.gov.in/view_section.jsp?lang=0&id=0,6,442,462,466 |title = Mechanical (C / W) Activity | publisher= Eastern Railway, Sealdah Division | access-date = 6 May 2013 }}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Birds eye-view, Ranaghat Station.jpg|Birds eye-view, Ranaghat Station
File:Ranaghat Junction Railway Station.jpeg|The name board at Ranaghat station
File:Ranaghat railway station 09.jpg|Ranaghat railway station platform
File:Ranaghat railway station 04.jpg|Top view of Ranaghat railway station
</gallery>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://indiarailinfo.com/search/kolkata-sealdah-sdah-to-ranaghat-rha/325/0/1163 Trains from Sealdah to Ranaghat]
*[http://indiarailinfo.com/search/ranaghat-rha-to-kolkata-sealdah-sdah/1163/325 Trains from Ranaghat to Sealdah]
*[http://indiarailinfo.com/search/ranaghat-rha-to-lalgola-lgl/1163/0/1171 Trains from Ranaghat to Lalgola]
*[http://indiarailinfo.com/search/ranaghat-rha-to-gede-gede/1163/0/6796 Trains from Ranaghat to Gede]
*[http://indiarailinfo.com/search/ranaghat-rha-to-bangaon-bnj/1163/0/7814 Trains from Ranaghat to Bangaon]

{{Railway stations in West Bengal}}
{{Nadia topics}}

[[Category:Railway stations in India opened in 1862]]
[[Category:Railway stations in Nadia district]]
[[Category:Sealdah railway division]]
[[Category:Kolkata Suburban Railway stations]]
[[Category:Railway junction stations in West Bengal]]
[[Category:1862 establishments in India]]

Waraseoni Assembly constituency

2026-04-19T20:22:46Z

DarellBabcock5: new the info needs work

{{Short description|Constituency of the Madhya Pradesh legislative assembly in India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Waraseoni
| type = SLA
| reservation = None
| constituency_no = 112
| map_image = 112-Waraseoni.svg
| state = [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| district = [[Balaghat district|Balaghat]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Balaghat Lok Sabha constituency|Balaghat]]
| established = 1977
| mla = [[Vivek Vicky Patel]]
| party = [[Indian National Congress]]
| latest_election_year = [[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
| preceded_by = Pradeep Jaiswal
}}
'''Waraseoni''' is one of the 230 constituencies of the [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]], in [[Madhya Pradesh]] state in central [[India]].<ref name=delimitation2008>{{cite web |url=https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/showfile?actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510&type=order&filename=Delimitation%20Order,2008.pdf |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008 |date=26 November 2008 |access-date= 24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718103411/https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/showfile?actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510&type=order&filename=Delimitation%20Order,2008.pdf |archive-date=18 July 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="election2018">{{cite web|title=List of Assembly Constituencies|url=http://eci.nic.in/archive/se98/background/S12/ListACs-MP.html|website=eci.nic.in|publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=18 May 2018}}</ref>

It comprises [[Waraseoni tehsil]] and parts of [[Khairlanji tehsil]], both in [[Balaghat district]].

==Members of the Legislative Assembly==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Election
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[1952 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1952]]
| rowspan="2" |Thansingh Bisen
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=5}}
|-
|[[1957 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1957]]
|-
|[[1962 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1962]]
|Vipinlal Shankarlal Sao
|-
|[[1967 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1967]]
| rowspan="2" |Thansingh Bisen
|-
|[[1972 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1972]]
|-
|[[1977 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1977]]
| rowspan="4" |[[K. D. Deshmukh]]
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Party|rowspan=3}}
|-
|[[1980 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1980]]
|-
|[[1985 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1985]]
|-
|[[1990 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1990]]
|{{Full party name with color|Janata Dal|rowspan=2}}
|-
|[[1993 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1993]]
|Omkar Singh
|-
|[[1998 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|1998]]<ref name="election1998">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3737-madhya-pradesh-1998/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 1998 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=22 December 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref>
| rowspan="3" |Pradeep Jaiswal
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=3}}
|-
|[[2003 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2003]]<ref name=election2003>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3738-madhya-pradesh-2003/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2003 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=22 December 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref>
|-
|[[2008 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2008]]<ref name=election2008>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3739-madhya-pradesh-2008/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2008 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=22 December 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref>
|-
|[[2013 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2013]]
|Yogendra Nirmal<ref name=election2013>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3740-madhya-pradesh-2013/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2013 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=22 December 2021 |url-access=limited}}</ref>
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|[[2018 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2018]]
|[[Pradeep Jaiswal (Madhya Pradesh politician)|Pradeep Jaiswal]]<ref name=election2018 name="election2018-1">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/9685-madhya-pradesh-legislative-election-2018-statistical-report/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2018 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |accessdate=30 September 2021}}</ref>
|{{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
|[[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
|[[Vivek Vicky Patel]]
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|}

==Election results==
=== 2023 ===
{{Election box begin
|title = [[2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Waraseoni<ref name="election2023">{{Cite web |title=Madhya Pradesh General Legislative Election 2023 Statistical Report |url=https://www.eci.gov.in/mp-legislative-election-2023-statistical-report |website=[[Election Commission of India]]}}</ref>

}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = [[Vivek Vicky Patel|Vivek Patel]]
|votes = {{formatnum:79597}}
|percentage = 45.22
|change = +37.63
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Pradeep Amratlal Jaiswal
|votes = {{formatnum:78594}}
|percentage = 44.65
|change = +9.91
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Ajab Shastri
|votes = {{formatnum:7924}}
|percentage = 4.5
|change = -9.28
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Manoj Lilhare
|votes = {{formatnum:5691}}
|percentage = 3.23
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:960}}
|percentage = 0.55
|change = -0.46
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:1003}}
|percentage = 0.57
|change = -1.92
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:176010}}
|percentage = 86.25
|change = +4.33
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = Indian National Congress
|loser = Independent
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2018 ===
{{Election box begin | title= [[2018 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election]]: Waraseoni<ref name=election2018 name="election2018-2">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/9685-madhya-pradesh-legislative-election-2018-statistical-report/ |title=Statistical Report on General Election, 2018 to the Legislative Assembly of Madhya Pradesh |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |accessdate=30 September 2021}}</ref><ref name="election2018"/>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Pradeep Amratlal Jaiswal
|votes = {{formatnum:57783}}
|percentage = 37.23
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Yogendra Nirmal
|votes = {{formatnum:53921}}
|percentage = 34.74
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Ajay Ramkumar Nagpure
|votes = {{formatnum:21394}}
|percentage = 13.78
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Sanjay Singh Masani
|votes = {{formatnum:11785}}
|percentage = 7.59
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Ganiram Nagpure
|votes = {{formatnum:2799}}
|percentage = 1.8
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Gondwana Ganatantra Party
|candidate = Ganesh Kumar Shriram Kumare
|votes = {{formatnum:1500}}
|percentage = 0.97
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:1560}}
|percentage = 1.01
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:3862}}
|percentage = 2.49
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:155204}}
|percentage = 81.92
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = Independent (politician)
|loser = BJP
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
*[[Waraseoni]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Madhya Pradesh}}
{{coords|21.77|80.05|display=title}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Politics of Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Balaghat district]]
[[Category:1977 establishments in Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1977]]

Masuda Assembly constituency

2026-04-16T04:34:58Z

DarellBabcock5: started basic stub more to come

{{short description|Legislative Assembly constituency in Rajasthan State, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Masuda
| map_image = Assembly constituencies of Rajasthan-104-Masuda.svg
| mla = [[Virendra Singh (Rajasthan politician)|Virendra Singh]]
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| state = [[Rajasthan]]
| district = [[Ajmer district|Ajmer]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Ajmer Lok Sabha constituency|Ajmer]]
| established = 1972
| reservation = None
| electors = {{formatnum:272284}}<ref name="election2023">{{cite web |url=https://www.eci.gov.in/eci-backend/public/all_files/full-statistical-reports/rajasthan/2023/Detailed_Results.pdf |title=State Election, 2023 to the legislative assembly of Rajasthan |website=[[Election Commission of India]] |url-access=limited |access-date=12 February 2021}}</ref>{{update after|2029|1}}
| type = SLA
| constituency_no = 104
}}
'''Masuda Assembly constituency''' is one of the 200 [[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] constituencies of [[Rajasthan]] state in [[India]].<ref name=delimitation2008>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3931-delimitation-of-parliamentary-assembly-constituencies-order-2008/ |title=Delimitation of Parliamentary & Assembly Constituencies Order - 2008 |website=Election Commission of India |date=26 November 2008 |access-date=12 February 2021}}</ref><ref name=ceomap>{{cite web |url=https://ceorajasthan.nic.in/map/RAJASTHAN_ACS_MAP/RAJASTHAN_ACS_MAP.pdf |title=New Assembly Constituencies |website=ceorajasthan.nic.in |date=25 January 2006| access-date=12 February 2021}}</ref>

It comprises [[Masuda tehsil|Masuda]] and [[Bhinay tehsil|Bhinay]] tehsils of [[Ajmer district|Ajmer]] district.<ref name=delimitation2008/> As of 2023, its representative is [[Virendra Singh (Rajasthan politician)|Virendra Singh]] of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref name="election2023-1">{{cite web |url=https://news.abplive.com/elections/masuda-election-result-2023-live-updates-constituency-vote-counting-winner-loser-bjp-congress-bsp-aap-rajasthan-assembly-election-results-news-1647118 |title=Masuda Election Result 2023 Live: Bjp Candidate Virendra Singh Wins From Masuda |date=3 December 2023 |access-date=27 December 2023}}</ref>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Election
!Name
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[2008 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2008]]
| Brahmdev<ref name=election2008>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3407-rajasthan-2008/|title=Statistical Data of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election 2008 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=22 December 2021}}</ref>
|{{Full party name with color|Independent (politician)}}
|-
|[[2013 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2013]]
| Sushil Kanwar<ref name=election2013>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/3411-rajasthan-2013/ |title=Statistical Data of Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election 2013 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date=30 September 2021}}</ref>
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|[[2018 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2018]]
| [[Rakesh Pareek]]<ref name=election2018/>
|{{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress}}
|-
|[[2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
| [[Virendra Singh (Rajasthan politician)|Virendra Singh]]<ref name="election2023" />
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|}

== Election results ==
=== 2023 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|Rajasthan Legislative Assembly Election, 2023]]: Masuda<ref name="election2023"/>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|candidate = [[Virendra Singh (Rajasthan politician) | Virendra Singh]]
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|votes = {{formatnum:74266}}
|percentage = 37.13
|change = -7.56
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Rakesh
|votes = {{formatnum:47550}}
|percentage = 23.77
|change = -22.75
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Vajid
|votes = {{formatnum:29508}}
|percentage = 14.75
|change = +12.49
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Jasveer Singh
|votes = {{formatnum:21375}}
|percentage = 10.69
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Rashtriya Loktantrik Party
|candidate = Sachin Jain
|votes = {{formatnum:18554}}
|percentage = 9.28
|change = +5.5
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent
|candidate = Sunil Kumar Jain
|votes = {{formatnum:3679}}
|percentage = 1.84
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:1640}}
|percentage = 0.82
|change = -0.13
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:26716}}
|percentage = 13.36
|change = +11.53
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:200036}}
|percentage = 73.47
|change = +1.58
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = Bharatiya Janata Party
|loser = Indian National Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2018 ===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2018 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|Rajasthan Legislative Assembly Election, 2018]]: Masuda<ref name=election2018>{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/9645-statistical-data-of-rajasthan-la-2018/ |title=Statistical Data of Rajasthan LA 2018 |website=Election Commission of India |date= |access-date=12 February 2021}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|candidate = Rakesh Pareek
|party = Indian National Congress
|votes = {{formatnum:86008}}
|percentage = 46.52
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Sushil Kanwar
|votes = {{formatnum:82634}}
|percentage = 44.69
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Rashtriya Loktantrik Party
|candidate = Hazi Kayum Khan
|votes = {{formatnum:6983}}
|percentage = 3.78
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bahujan Samaj Party
|candidate = Durga Lal
|votes = {{formatnum:4173}}
|percentage = 2.26
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = None of the above
|candidate = [[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]
|votes = {{formatnum:1752}}
|percentage = 0.95
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority
|votes = {{formatnum:3374}}
|percentage = 1.83
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = {{formatnum:184891}}
|percentage = 71.89
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[List of constituencies of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Ajmer district]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Rajasthan}}

{{coord|26.09|74.51|display=title}}

[[Category:Ajmer district]]
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Politics of Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1972]]
[[Category:1972 establishments in Rajasthan]]

Padari language

2026-04-12T20:39:34Z

DarellBabcock5:

{{Short description|Western-Pahari Chenabic language}}
{{ Infobox language
| name = Padari
| nativename = {{lang|bhd|पाडरी}}
| states = [[India]]
|region = [[Padar (Jammu and Kashmir)|Padar]]
|coordinates = {{coord|33.26|76.16}}
|pushpin_map = India Jammu and Kashmir#India
|speakers = 10,000
|date = 1981
|ref= {{sfn|Kaul|2006a|p=64}}
|ethnicity=
|familycolor= Indo-European
|fam2= [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]
|fam3= [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]]
|fam4= ? [[Northern Indo-Aryan languages|Northern]]
|fam5= [[Western Pahari]]
|iso3 =
|isoexception=dialect
|glotto = pada1256
|glottorefname=Padari
}}

'''Padderi''' or '''Padari''' ({{lang|bhd|पाडरी}} {{lang|bhd-Latn|pāḍrī}}) is a language spoken in the [[Padar (Jammu and Kashmir)|Padar valley]] in [[Kishtwar district]] in the Indian union territory of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. It is classified as a member of the [[Western Pahari]] branch of the [[Indo-Aryan languages]].{{sfn|Kaul|2006a|pp=63, 85}} It is very similar to the [[Pangwali]] language of [[Pangi Valley|Pangi]], [[Himachal Pradesh]] and [[Bhadarwahi language|Bhaderwahi]] language.

The Padar valley is about 80 km long, the terrain is rugged and mountainous, and the population is found mainly in scattered hamlets, with the main village being [[Atholi, Kishtwar|Atholi]].{{sfn|Kaul|2006a|p=63}} The number of speakers, as of the 1981 census, stood at {{sigfig|10039|2}}.{{sfn|Kaul|2006a|p=64}}

Padri shares a large proportion of its vocabulary with other Western Pahari varieties (like Bhadarwahi and [[Sarazi|Siraji]]).{{sfn|Kaul|2006a|p=67}} There are two [[Grammatical gender|genders]]: masculine and feminine (there is no neuter). Nouns change for [[Grammatical case|case]], but not normally for number. However, some nouns do have plurals, which are formed using a variety of strategies:{{sfn|Kaul|2006a|pp=67–69}}
*{{lang|bhd|koā -> koi|italic=yes}} 'boys'
*{{lang|bhd|panna -> pannë|italic=yes}} 'leaves'
*{{lang|bhd|zebbh -> zibb|italic=yes}} 'tongues'
*{{lang|bhd|koi -> kui|italic=yes}} 'girls'
*{{lang|bhd|thaṛo -> thenë|italic=yes}} 'walnuts'
*gobur -> children
*Dand-> teeth
*khar -> above
*Bwun -> down
*Pulley/Pulhor -> traditional grass shoes
*Lar -> roof
Family/Relations :-
*Baji/Baab - Father
*Eej - Mother
*Baay - brother
*Bhaju- younger brother
*Bhaapa- elder brother
*Bheny/Byon - Sister
*Math-Baab - Paternal uncle
*Bad-baad - elder paternal uncle
*Poph/Bui - paternal aunt
*Maam - maternal uncle
*Moss/Masy - maternal aunt
*Dowd - Grandfather
*Daed - Grandmother
*Showhr- Father in law

== Phonology ==
P.K. Koul mentions several series of "complex sounds". One such series consists of a consonant + ''y'' (for example {{lang|bhd|khyaḍaṇ|italic=yes}} 'to play', {{lang|bhd|syavā|italic=yes}} 'apple'), and another one involves a consonant + ''v'' (as in {{lang|bhd|kvatar|italic=yes}} 'dog', {{lang|bhd|lvanaṇ|italic=yes}} 'to sort'), but it is unclear whether these are [[co-articulated consonant]]s (involving [[palatalised consonant|palatalisation]] and [[labialisation]] respectively) or merely sequences of two separate consonants. Another set of distinctive sounds (shared with neighbouring Bhadarwahi dialects, where they are even more widespread) involve a combination of a [[retroflex stop]] + the lateral ''l'': ''ṭ͡lai'' 'three', ''niḍ͡l'' 'sleep', ''ḍ͡lau'' 'village'. These often correspond to clusters of a consonant + ''r'' in the ancestor language (compare the Sanskrit equivalents of the above three words: ''trīṇi-'', ''nidrā-'' and ''grāma-'').<ref>{{harvnb|Kaul|2006a|pp=66–67}}; {{harvnb|Kaul|2006b|pp=12–13}}.</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==
*{{cite book| last = Kaul| first = Pritam Krishen| year = 2006a| title = Pahāṛi and Other Tribal Dialects of Jammu| volume = 1| place = Delhi| publisher = Eastern Book Linkers| isbn = 8178541017 }}
*{{cite book| last = Kaul| first = Pritam Krishen| year = 2006b| title = Pahāṛi and Other Tribal Dialects of Jammu| volume = 2| place = Delhi| publisher = Eastern Book Linkers| chapter = Pāḍrī| pages = 1–33| isbn = 8178541025| language = Hindi }} Originally published in ''Chandrabhāg Ṭaṭ kī Parvatīya Boliyāṃ'' [1977].

[[Category:Languages of Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Indo-Aryan languages]]
[[Category:Endangered languages of India]]
[[Category:Languages written in Devanagari]]
[[Category:Languages listed as Hindi dialects in latest census]]

Kurisumuttom

2026-03-28T01:53:47Z

DarellBabcock5: Starting some entry v1!

{{About|a village in [[Thiruvananthapuram district]]|the village in [[Pathanamthitta district]] with same name|Kurisumuttom, Pathanamthitta}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kurisumuttom
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[Village]]
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_map =
| image_seal =
| seal_size =
| seal_alt =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Kerala#India
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|08|30|27|N|77|0|46|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = [[Kerala]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Thiruvananthapuram district|Thiruvananthapuram]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body = [[Gram panchayat]]
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name1 =
| leader_title2 =
| leader_name2 =
| leader_title3 =
| leader_name3 =
| leader_title4 = Member of Parliament
| leader_name4 = [[Shashi Tharoor]] (Lok Sabha)
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 =
| population_metro =
| population_metro_footnotes =
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]]{{,}} [[English language|English]]
| demographics1_title2 = [[Languages of India|Spoken languages]]
| demographics1_info2 = [[Malayalam language|Malayalam(മലയാളം)]]{{,}} [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 695 XXX
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 91 (0)471
| registration_plate = KL-01, KL-22
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank2_info_sec1 = 1064 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank3_info_sec1 = 93.72%
| blank1_name_sec2 = [[Climate of India|Climate]]
| blank1_info_sec2 = [[Climatic regions of India|Am/Aw]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]])
| blank2_name_sec2 = [[Precipitation (meteorology)|Precipitation]]
| blank2_info_sec2 = {{convert|1700|mm|in}}
| blank3_name_sec2 = Avg. annual temperature
| blank3_info_sec2 = {{convert|27.2|°C|°F}}
| blank4_name_sec2 = Avg. summer temperature
| blank4_info_sec2 = {{convert|35|°C|°F}}
| blank5_name_sec2 = Avg. winter temperature
| blank5_info_sec2 = {{convert|24.4|°C|°F}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Kurisumuttom''' (also spelled ''Kurismuttam''<ref name="mapa">{{Cite web |url=http://mapas.owje.com/img/Mapa-Topografico-del-Estado-de-Kerala-India-1965-10385.jpg |title=Mapa Topografico del Estado de Kerala India, 1965 |access-date=6 April 2015 |archive-date=14 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414121139/http://mapas.owje.com/img/Mapa-Topografico-del-Estado-de-Kerala-India-1965-10385.jpg |url-status=dead }}</ref>) is a locality near to [[Peyad]] in the [[Thiruvananthapuram district]] of [[Kerala]] state, [[India]].<ref name="mapia">[http://wikimapia.org/21122334/Kurisumuttom Kurisumuttom - Wikimapia]</ref> The place is situated in the Vilavoorkal Panchayat. It is situated in the south side of [[Thiruvananthapuram]] - [[Kattakkada]] road, between Thirumala and [[Peyad]].<ref name="CSIHist">[http://csikurisumuttom.weebly.com/history.html History: CSI Kurisumuttom]</ref> It is 8 Kilometers away from Thiruvananthapuram city. Kurismuttam is under the Peyad Post Office area (PIN 695573).<ref name="mapia"/>

==Nearby places==
* St. Xaviers HSS, Peyad
* Kundamanbhagom
* Sky City
* Bharathiya Vidya Bhavan Senior Secondary School
* Jai Nagar, Thirumala
* Guru Gopinath Natanagramam
* Abraham Memorial Higher Secondary School (AMHSS), Thirumala
* Nandanam Hills
* Laurie Baker Centre for Habitat Studies (LBC)
* PEYAD Junction (Commercial Centre)

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://wikimapia.org/21122334/Kurisumuttom Kurisumuttom - Wikimapia]
*[http://csikurisumuttom.weebly.com CSI Kurisumuttom Website]

{{Thiruvananthapuram district}}
{{Thiruvananthapuram district settlements}}

[[Category:Villages in Thiruvananthapuram district]]

Sardar Patel Gujarat Stadium

2026-03-25T00:17:21Z

DarellBabcock5: new the post basic info

{{Short description|Former cricket stadium in Ahmedabad, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{About|the former stadium in Motera|the current stadium in Motera that replaced it|Narendra Modi Stadium|the current stadium in Navrangpura|Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Stadium, Navrangpura|other uses|Sardar Patel Stadium (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox venue
| name = Sardar Patel Gujarat Stadium
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| nickname = Motera Stadium
| logo_image =
| logo_size =
| logo_caption =
| image = File:Ahmedabad2007-398.JPG
| image_size = 300px
| caption = Gate to the stadium in 2007
| elevation = 84 m
| public_transit = {{rint|Metro}} [[Motera Stadium metro station|Motera Stadium]] {{rcb|Ahmedabad Metro|Red|croute}}
| fullname =
| former_names = Motera Cricket Stadium
| address = [[Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Sports Enclave]], [[Motera]],
| city = [[Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat]],
| country = [[India]]
| location = [[Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat]], [[India]]
| coordinates = {{Coord|23|05|29|N|72|35|50|E}}
| mapframe-zoom = 14
| mapframe-marker = Cricket
| broke_ground = {{ubl|1983}}
| built = 12 November 1983
| opened = 12 November 1983
| renovated =
| expanded =
| closed = September 2015
| demolished = September 2015<ref name="S">{{Cite AV media|title=Modern Marvel: World's Largest Cricket Stadium English Episode |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nMqdtV9QTro |access-date=28 August 2023 |via=[[YouTube]] |publisher=[[History TV18]] |archive-date=5 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231005124506/https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=nMqdtV9QTro&sa=U&ved=2ahUKEwjy1OP1sYKBAxVDON4KHWnlCWIQtwJ6BAgKEAE&usg=AOvVaw1lZ1vkMULw9vtqp0Q_xO9l |url-status=live }}</ref>
| parking =
| owner = [[Gujarat Cricket Association]]
| operator = [[Gujarat Cricket Association]]
| acreage = {{convert|63|acre|ha|abbr=on}}
| surface =
| scoreboard = Yes
| construction_cost =
| type =
| event =
| seating_type =
| suites =
| architect = [[Shashi Prabhu]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.spa-aec.com/spaweb/allprojects.html |title=Complete Project List |access-date=1 April 2011 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823063136/http://www.spa-aec.com/spaweb/allprojects.html|archive-date=23 August 2011}}</ref>
| structural_engineer =
| builder =
| main_contractors =
| capacity =
*54,000 (2006–2015)<ref name='htold'>{{cite news|title=Why Sardar Patel Stadium in Motera, Ahmedabad will make cricket history|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/why-sardar-patel-stadium-in-motera-ahmedabad-will-make-cricket-history/story-7b59h4SZG5yHl7BGkg9agK.html|access-date=10 December 2016|newspaper=Hindustan Times|date=10 December 2016|archive-date=10 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161210175135/http://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/why-sardar-patel-stadium-in-motera-ahmedabad-will-make-cricket-history/story-7b59h4SZG5yHl7BGkg9agK.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=ESPNcricinfo>[http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/ground/57851.html Sardar Patel Stadium, Motera, Ahmedabad, India] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226140409/http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/ground/57851.html |date=26 December 2018 }}. ESPN</ref>
*49,000 (1982–2006)
| record_attendance =
| field_shape = Oval
| tenants = [[India national cricket team]] (1983–2015) [[Gujarat cricket team]] (1983–2015) [[India women's national cricket team]] (2011–2015) [[Gujarat women's cricket team]] (2006–2015) [[Rajasthan Royals]] (2010–2015)
| website = {{URL|https://gujaratcricketassociation.com/narendra-modi-stadium/|GCA official website}}
| embedded = {{infobox cricket ground
| embed = yes
| country = India
| location = [[Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat]], [[India]]
| establishment =
| operator = [[Gujarat Cricket Association]]
| tenants =
| architect =
| end1 =
| end2 =
| international = true
| firstodidate = 5 October
| firstodiyear = 1984
| firstodihome = India
| firstodiaway = Australia
| lastodidate = 6 November
| lastodiyear = 2014
| lastodihome = India
| lastodiaway = Sri Lanka
| firsttestdate = 12–16 November
| firsttestyear = 1983
| firsttesthome = India
| firsttestaway = West Indies
| lasttestdate = 15–19 November
| lasttestyear = 2012
| lasttesthome = India
| lasttestaway = England
| onlyt20idate = 28 December
| onlyt20iyear = 2012
| onlyt20ihome = India
| onlyt20iaway = Pakistan
| firstwodidate = 12 March
| firstwodiyear = 2012
| firstwodihome = India
| firstwodiaway = Australia
| lastwodidate = 12 April
| lastwodiyear = 2013
| lastwodihome = India
| lastwodiaway = Bangladesh
| firstwt20idate = 22 January
| firstwt20iyear = 2011
| firstwt20ihome = India
| firstwt20iaway = West Indies
| lastwt20idate = 24 January
| lastwt20iyear = 2011
| lastwt20ihome = India
| lastwt20iaway = West Indies
| date = 6 November 2014
| source = [http://content-uk.cricinfo.com/ci/content/ground/57851.html Cricinfo]
}}
}}
'''Sardar Patel Gujarat Stadium''' was a [[cricket]] [[List of Test cricket grounds|stadium]] in [[Motera]], [[Ahmedabad]], India. Because of its location, the stadium was commonly called the '''Motera Stadium''' to avoid confusion with another [[Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Stadium, Navrangpura|stadium of the same name]] in the [[Navrangpura]] district. The Sardar Patel Stadium was owned by the [[Gujarat Cricket Association]], was the largest in the state of [[Gujarat]], with a capacity of 49,000,<ref name="ESPNcricinfo" /><ref name="crknxt">{{cite web|title=Motera stadium back in top form|url=http://cricketnext.in.com/news/motera-stadium-back-in-top-form/21167-13.html|publisher=CricketNext.com|access-date=13 June 2025|archive-date=5 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005155046/http://cricketnext.in.com/news/motera-stadium-back-in-top-form/21167-13.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> and was equipped with floodlights for day-and-night games. It hosted domestic and international cricket in the city until its demolition in 2015, including the [[1987 Cricket World Cup|1987]], [[1996 Cricket World Cup|1996]], and [[2011 Cricket World Cup|2011]] [[Cricket World Cup]]s.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Donald Trump likely to inaugurate, 110,000 capacity Motera Cricket Stadium, world's largest cricket facility in Ahmedabad |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/donald-trump-likely-to-inaugurate-motera-cricket-stadium-worlds-largest-cricket-facility-in-ahmedabad/motera-cricket-stadium/slideshow/74131161.cms |access-date=14 February 2020 |website=The Economic Times |archive-date=7 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007221618/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/donald-trump-likely-to-inaugurate-motera-cricket-stadium-worlds-largest-cricket-facility-in-ahmedabad/motera-cricket-stadium/slideshow/74131161.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite web |last=camille.jensen |date=2022-06-28 |title=New world record attendance set in Populous-designed cricket stadium |url=https://populous.com/new-world-record-attendance-set-in-populous-designed-cricket-stadium |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230602222650/https://populous.com/new-world-record-attendance-set-in-populous-designed-cricket-stadium |archive-date=2 June 2023 |access-date=2023-06-02 |website=Populous |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/records/ground/team-match-results/ind-narendra-modi-stadium-motera-ahmedabad-840/one-day-internationals-2|title=IND: Narendra Modi Stadium, Motera, Ahmedabad Cricket Ground ODI match team match results|work=ESPNcricinfo|access-date=5 October 2023|archive-date=25 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230925092622/https://www.espncricinfo.com/records/ground/team-match-results/ind-narendra-modi-stadium-motera-ahmedabad-840/one-day-internationals-2|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2014, it was decided that a new stadium should be built on the same plot.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Oza |first=Nandini |date=6 October 2019 |title=The recond-buster |url=https://www.theweek.in/theweek/sports/2019/10/25/the-record-buster.html |access-date=9 September 2024 |work=The Week}}</ref> It was a regular venue for [[Test cricket]] and [[One Day Internationals]].

==History==
===1983-2006===
Before 1982, international cricket matches in [[Ahmedabad]] were played at [[Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Stadium, Navrangpura|Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Stadium]] in [[Navarangpura|Navrangpura]], owned by the [[Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation]].

In 1982, the Government of [[Gujarat]] allocated a {{convert|100|acre|m2|adj=on|order=flip}} stretch of land on the banks of the [[Sabarmati River]] to build a new stadium. Construction of the stadium was completed in nine months.<ref name="htold2">{{cite news |date=10 December 2016 |title=Why Sardar Patel Stadium in Motera, Ahmedabad will make cricket history |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/why-sardar-patel-stadium-in-motera-ahmedabad-will-make-cricket-history/story-7b59h4SZG5yHl7BGkg9agK.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161210175135/http://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/why-sardar-patel-stadium-in-motera-ahmedabad-will-make-cricket-history/story-7b59h4SZG5yHl7BGkg9agK.html |archive-date=10 December 2016 |access-date=10 December 2016 |newspaper=Hindustan Times}}</ref> The venue was originally known simply as Gujarat Stadium; however, it was soon renamed Sardar Patel Stadium (not to be confused with the previously mentioned site in Navrangpura), after [[Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel]], India's first [[home minister]] and [[Deputy Prime Minister of India|deputy prime minister]]. Since its completion, all international cricket fixtures in [[Ahmedabad]] have been held at the site. In the [[Australian cricket team in India in 1984–85|1984-85 Australia India series]], Sardar Patel Stadium hosted its first [[One Day International|ODI]], which India lost.

At the arena, [[Sunil Gavaskar]] became the first batter to score 10,000 runs in Test cricket, a feat he accomplished against [[Pakistan national cricket team|Pakistan]] in their [[Pakistani cricket team in India in 1986-87|1987 tour]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 December 2009 |title=1987-Gavaskar is the first to score 10,000 test runs: A 10 tonne toast |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20091228-1987-gavaskar-is-the-first-to-score-10000-test-runs-a-10-tonne-toast-741618-2009-12-23 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230727150304/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20091228-1987-gavaskar-is-the-first-to-score-10000-test-runs-a-10-tonne-toast-741618-2009-12-23 |archive-date=27 July 2023 |access-date=27 July 2023 |website=India Today}}</ref> [[Kapil Dev]] took a nine-wicket haul against the [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]] in 1983, and claimed his 432nd Test wicket at the stadium in 1995 to become the highest wicket-taker in Tests, surpassing [[Richard Hadlee]]'s tally.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Paliwal |first=Priyansha |date=8 February 2020 |title=Motera Stadium: Inauguration, Renovation and Seating Capacity |url=https://ashaval.com/motera-stadium-0221119/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200323134012/https://ashaval.com/motera-stadium-0221119/ |archive-date=23 March 2020 |access-date=8 February 2020 |website=Ashaval.com |language=en-US}}</ref> In 1996, the ground hosted a low-scoring [[Test cricket|Test match]] against [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]], in which the visitors lost 105–223.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India beat South Africa India won by 64 runs - India vs South Africa, South Africa tour of India, 1st Test Gujarat Stadium, Motera, Ahmedabad November 20 - 23, 1996 Match Summary, Report {{!}} ESPNcricinfo.com |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/south-africa-tour-of-india-1996-97-61859/india-vs-south-africa-1st-test-63724/live-cricket-score |access-date=2023-12-22 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>

Sardar Patel Stadium hosted one game each in the [[1987 Cricket World Cup|1987]] and [[1996 Cricket World Cup|1996 World Cups]], including the first match of the 1996 World Cup between [[England cricket team|England]] and [[New Zealand cricket team|New Zealand]].

===2006–2015===
[[File:Sardar_Patel_Gujarat_Stadium_Ahmedabad.jpg|right|thumb|306x306px|Sardar Patel Stadium (before reconstruction)]]
In 2006, the stadium became the focal venue of the [[2006 ICC Champions Trophy|ICC Champions Trophy]] and hosted five of the 15 games played. In preparation for the tournament, the stadium was renovated to add three new pitches and a new outfield. Floodlights and covered stands were also introduced at the stadium as a part of the renovation program.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India vs England 2021. Motera Stadium: All You Should Know About The World's Biggest Stadium. Cricket News |url=https://www.india.com/sports/motera-stadium-you-should-know-about-world-biggest-cricket-venue-india-england-2021-sardar-patel-stadium-4441799/ |access-date=2023-11-25 |website=www.india.com |language=en}}</ref>

In the [[New Zealand cricket team in India in 2010–11|2010 New Zealand tour of India]], the first Test of the series was held at the venue, in which [[Kane Williamson]] scored a hundred on his Test debut.<ref name=":112">{{Cite news |title=जगातील सर्वात मोठ्या क्रिकेट स्टेडियमला नरेंद्र मोदींचे नाव, जाणून घ्या काय आहेत वैशिष्ट्यं? |url=https://www.bbc.com/marathi/india-56178914 |access-date=2023-10-06 |work=BBC News मराठी |language=mr}}</ref>

The stadium hosted three games during the [[2011 Cricket World Cup]], including the quarterfinals between [[Australia cricket team|Australia]] and [[India cricket team|India]].<ref>[https://gujaratcricketassociation.com/narendra-modi-stadium/#:~:text=In%202011%20ICC%20World%20Cup,at%20the%20Narendra%20Modi%20Stadium.]</ref> [[Sachin Tendulkar]] became the first cricketer to score 18,000 runs in ODIs in a game against Australia on 24 March 2011.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/Tendulkar-passes-18000-runs-in-ODIs/article14959830.ece | title=Tendulkar passes 18,000 runs in ODIs | work=The Hindu | date=24 March 2011 }}</ref>

===2014–2020 (Demolition and construction of New Stadium)===
The idea to build a new stadium was proposed by [[Narendra Modi]] himself who was the president of the [[Gujarat Cricket Association]] and the Chief Minister of Gujarat at the same time.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Oza |first=Nandini |date=6 October 2019 |title=The recond-buster |url=https://www.theweek.in/theweek/sports/2019/10/25/the-record-buster.html |access-date=9 September 2024 |work=The Week}}</ref><ref name=":112" /> Shortly before Modi moved to Delhi after becoming the [[Prime Minister of India|prime minister of India]], there were discussions about adding minor upgrades to the stadium and further developing areas of the structure at the pavilion end. Modi asked officials to build a new, larger stadium instead of pursuing minor renovation work.<ref name="Gujarat soon to have the largest stadium2">{{cite web |last=Oza |first=Nandini |date=16 September 2019 |title=Ahmedabad Stadium to be rebuilt with capacity over 100,000 |url=https://www.theweek.in/news/sports/2019/09/16/Gujarat-will-soon-have-world-largest-cricket-stadium-All-you-need-to-know.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227015724/https://www.theweek.in/news/sports/2019/09/16/Gujarat-will-soon-have-world-largest-cricket-stadium-All-you-need-to-know.html |archive-date=27 February 2021 |access-date=17 January 2021 |website=theweek.in}}</ref>

In October 2015, the stadium was demolished for reconstruction, though some media referred to it as a renovation. The total cost of reconstruction was estimated to be [[Indian Rupee|₹]]700 [[Indian numbering system|crores]] ({{INRConvert|7|b}}).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-09-11 |title=Sardar Patel Stadium in Motera to undergo facelift |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/sardar-patel-stadium-to-undergo-facelift/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924191129/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/sardar-patel-stadium-to-undergo-facelift/ |archive-date=24 September 2022 |access-date=2022-09-06 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-01-16 |title=Foundation stone laid at Ahmedabad for 'world's largest cricket stadium' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/foundation-stone-laid-at-ahmedabad-for-worlds-largest-cricket-stadium-4477385/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221125142536/https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/foundation-stone-laid-at-ahmedabad-for-worlds-largest-cricket-stadium-4477385/ |archive-date=25 November 2022 |access-date=2022-09-06 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> However, the final cost was reported at {{INRConvert|800|c}}. The redevelopment, originally planned to be completed in 2019, finished in February 2020, and was named [[Narendra Modi Stadium]].

==Tournament results==
===[[Cricket World Cup]]===
{{clear}}
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left; width:100%;"
|-
!Year
!Date
!Team #1
!Team #2
!Round
!Result
|-
|[[1987 Cricket World Cup]]
|26 October 1987
|{{cr|Zimbabwe}}
|{{cr|India}}
|Group Stage
|{{cr|India}} won by 7 wickets
|-
|[[1996 Cricket World Cup]]
|14 February 1996
|{{cr|New Zealand}}
|{{cr|England}}
|Group Stage
|{{cr|New Zealand}} won by 11 runs
|-
|rowspan=3|[[2011 Cricket World Cup]]
|21 February 2011
|{{cr|Australia}}
|{{cr|Zimbabwe}}
|Group Stage
|{{cr|Australia}} won by 91 runs
|-
|4 March 2011
|{{cr|Zimbabwe}}
|{{cr|New Zealand}}
|Group Stage
|{{cr|New Zealand}} won by 10 wickets
|-
|24 March 2011
|{{cr|Australia}}
|{{cr|India}}
|Quarter-Final
|{{cr|India}} won by 5 wickets
|-
|}

===[[ICC Champions Trophy]]===
{{clear}}
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:left; width:100%;"
|-
!Year
!Date
!Team #1
!Team #2
!Round
!Result
|-
|rowspan=5|[[2006 ICC Champions Trophy]]
|8 October 2006
|{{cr|Zimbabwe}}
|{{cr|West Indies}}
|Qualifying round
|{{cr|West Indies}} won by 9 wickets
|-
|10 October 2006
|{{cr|Sri Lanka}}
|{{cr|Zimbabwe}}
|Qualifying round
|{{cr|Sri Lanka}} won by 144 runs
|-
|21 October 2006
|{{cr|England}}
|{{cr|Australia}}
|Group Stage
|{{cr|Australia}} won by 6 wickets
|-
|26 October 2006
|{{cr|India}}
|{{cr|West Indies}}
|Group Stage
|{{cr|West Indies}} won by 3 wickets
|-
|28 October 2006
|{{cr|West Indies}}
|{{cr|England}}
|Group Stage
|{{cr|England}} won by 3 wickets
|}
==World Cup matches==
Erstwhile Sardar Patel Stadium had hosted matches of World Cups:

===1987 Cricket World Cup===
{{Limited overs international|date=26 October 1987|team1={{cr-rt|ZIM}}|score1=191/7 (50 overs)|score2=194/3 (42 overs)|team2={{cr|IND}}|runs1=[[Kevin Arnott (cricketer)|Kevin Arnott]] 60 (126)|wickets1=[[Chetan Sharma]] 2/41 (10 overs)|runs2=[[Navjot Sidhu]] 55 (61)|wickets2=[[Peter Rawson]] 2/46 (8 overs)|result=India won by 7 wickets|report=[http://content-aus.cricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/65109.html Scorecard]|venue=Sardar Patel Stadium, [[Ahmedabad]], [[India]]|umpires=[[David Archer (umpire)|David Archer]] (West Indies) and [[Dickie Bird]] (England)|motm=[[Kapil Dev]] (India)}}

===1996 Cricket World Cup===
{{Single-innings cricket match|date=14 February|team1={{cr-rt|NZL}}|score1=239/6 (50 overs)|score2=228/9 (50 overs)|team2={{cr|ENG}}|runs1=[[Nathan Astle]] 101 (132)|wickets1=[[Graeme Hick]] 2/45 (9 overs)|runs2=[[Graeme Hick]] 85 (102)|wickets2=[[Dion Nash]] 3/26 (7 overs)|result=New Zealand won by 11 runs|report=[http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/65157.html Scorecard]|venue=Gujarat Stadium, [[Motera]], [[Ahmedabad]]|umpires=[[B. C. Cooray]] (SL) and [[Steve Randell]] (NZ)|motm=[[Nathan Astle]] (NZ)|toss=|rain=|notes=}}
----

===2011 Cricket World Cup===
{{Limited overs international
| date = 21 February 2011
| daynight = yes
| team1 = {{cr-rt|AUS}}
| score1 = 262/6 (50 overs)
| runs1 = [[Shane Watson]] 79 (92)
| wickets1 = [[Christopher Mpofu]] 2/58 (9 overs)
| team2 = {{cr|ZIM}}
| score2 = 171 (46.2 overs)
| runs2 = [[Graeme Cremer]] 37 (51)
| wickets2 = [[Mitchell Johnson (cricketer)|Mitchell Johnson]] 4/19 (9.2 overs)
| umpires= [[Richard Kettleborough]] (Eng) and [[Asoka de Silva (cricketer)|Asoka de Silva]] (NZ)
| result = Australia won by 91 runs
| toss = Australia won the toss and elected to bat
| motm = [[Shane Watson]] (Aus)
| scorecard = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/icc_cricket_worldcup2011/engine/match/433561.html Scorecard]
| venue = Sardar Patel Stadium, [[Motera]], [[Ahmedabad]] Attendance: 18,569
}}
----
{{Limited overs international
| date = 4 March 2011
| daynight = no
| team1 = {{cr-rt|ZIM}}
| score1 = 162 (46.2 overs)
| runs1 = [[Brendan Taylor]] 44 (57)
| wickets1 = [[Tim Southee]] 3/29 (9.2 overs)
| team2 = {{cr|NZL}}
| score2 = 166/0 (33.3 overs)
| runs2 = [[Martin Guptill]] 86* (108)
| wickets2 =
| umpires = [[Aleem Dar]] and [[Marais Erasmus]]
| result = New Zealand won by 10 wickets
| toss = Zimbabwe won the toss and chose to bat first
| motm = [[Martin Guptill]] (NZ)
| scorecard = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/icc_cricket_worldcup2011/engine/match/433575.html Scorecard]
| venue = Sardar Patel Stadium, [[Motera]], [[Ahmedabad]] Attendance: 7,000
}}
----
{{Limited overs international
| date = 24 March 2011
| daynight = yes
| team1 = {{cr-rt|AUS}}
| score1 = 260/6 (50 overs)
| runs1 = [[Ricky Ponting]] 104 (118)
| wickets1 = [[Yuvraj Singh]] 2/44 (10 overs)
| team2 = {{cr|IND}}
| score2 = 261/5 (47.4 overs)
| runs2 = [[Yuvraj Singh]] 57* (65)
| wickets2 = [[David Hussey]] 1/19 (5 overs)
| umpires = [[Ian Gould]] and [[Marais Erasmus]]
| result = India won by 5 wickets
| toss = Australia won the toss and chose to bat first
| motm = [[Yuvraj Singh]] (Ind)
| scorecard = [http://www.espncricinfo.com/icc_cricket_worldcup2011/engine/match/433601.html Scorecard]
| venue = Sardar Patel Stadium, [[Motera]], [[Ahmedabad]] Attendance: 51,000
| notes = Sachin Tendulkar completed 18,000 runs in his ODI career in the match.
}}

==Notable achievements made in the stadium==
* In 1986, [[Sunil Gavaskar]] completed 10,000 runs in Test cricket, while playing against [[Pakistani cricket team|Pakistan]].<ref name="demolition3">{{cite web |title=Sardar Patel Stadium in Motera to be demolished |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/story/919559.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912002615/http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/story/919559.html |archive-date=12 September 2015 |access-date=11 September 2015 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>
* In 1994, [[Kapil Dev]] took his 432nd wicket in Test cricket to surpass [[Richard Hadlee]]'s tally of most Test wickets.<ref name="demolition3" />
* In October 1999, [[Sachin Tendulkar]] scored his first Test double hundred against New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cricket scorecard - India vs New Zealand, 3rd Test, New Zealand in India Test Series, 1999 |url=https://m.cricbuzz.com/live-cricket-scorecard/5898/ind-vs-nz-3rd-test-new-zealand-in-india-test-series-1999 |access-date=2024-11-17 |website=www.cricbuzz.com |language=en}}</ref>
* On 20 November 2009, Tendulkar passed thirty thousand runs at international level.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Richards |first=Huw |date=20 November 2009 |title=Tendulkar Sets Record With 30,000 Runs |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/21/sports/cricket/21iht-CRICKET.html |access-date=25 October 2024 |work=The New York Times}}</ref>
* In 2011, Tendulkar became the first-ever cricketer to score 18,000 runs in ODI format in a match against [[Australia cricket team|Australia]] during the [[2011 Cricket World Cup|Cricket World Cup]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tendulkar completes 18,000 ODI runs. Cricket News |url=https://sports.ndtv.com/world-cup-2011/tendulkar-completes-18000-odi-runs-1573516 |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=NDTVSports.com |language=en}}</ref>
* In 2008, [[AB de Villiers]] scored his maiden Test double century.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IND vs SA, South Africa tour of India 2007/08, 2nd Test at Ahmedabad, April 03 - 05, 2008 - Full Scorecard |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/south-africa-tour-of-india-2007-08-332904/india-vs-south-africa-2nd-test-332912/full-scorecard |access-date=2024-01-11 |website=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>

==Records==
===Test match records===
* '''Highest innings total''': [[Sri Lanka national cricket team|Sri Lanka]] 760/7d – India v Sri Lanka, 2nd inning, 16 November 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IND: Narendra Modi Stadium, Motera, Ahmedabad Cricket Ground Test match team highest innings totals |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/records/ground/team-highest-innings-totals/ind-narendra-modi-stadium-motera-ahmedabad-840/test-matches-1 |access-date=2023-11-02 |work=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>
* '''Lowest innings total''': India 76 – India v South Africa, 1st inning, 3 April 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IND: Narendra Modi Stadium, Motera, Ahmedabad Cricket Ground Test match team lowest innings totals |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/records/ground/team-lowest-innings-totals/ind-narendra-modi-stadium-motera-ahmedabad-840/test-matches-1 |access-date=2023-11-04 |work=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>
* '''Highest individual score''': [[Mahela Jayawardene]] 275 (435) (4s-27 6s-1) – Sri Lanka v India, 16 November 2009.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IND: Narendra Modi Stadium, Motera, Ahmedabad Cricket Ground Test match batting most runs innings |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/records/ground/batting-most-runs-innings/ind-narendra-modi-stadium-motera-ahmedabad-840/test-matches-1 |access-date=2023-11-04 |work=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>

===One Day International match records===

* '''Highest total''': [[South Africa national cricket team|South Africa]] 365/2 – India v South Africa, 1st innings, 27 February 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IND: Narendra Modi Stadium, Motera, Ahmedabad Cricket Ground ODI match team highest innings totals |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/records/ground/team-highest-innings-totals/ind-narendra-modi-stadium-motera-ahmedabad-840/one-day-internationals-2 |access-date=2023-11-04 |work=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>
* '''Lowest total''': [[Zimbabwe national cricket team|Zimbabwe]] 85 – Zimbabwe v [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]], 1st innings, 8 October 2006.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IND: Narendra Modi Stadium, Motera, Ahmedabad Cricket Ground ODI match team lowest innings totals |url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/records/ground/team-lowest-innings-totals/ind-narendra-modi-stadium-motera-ahmedabad-840/one-day-internationals-2 |access-date=2023-11-04 |work=ESPNcricinfo |language=en}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of cricket grounds by capacity]]
* [[List of stadiums in India]]
* [[List of international cricket grounds in India]]
* [[Cricket in India]]
* [[Sport in India]]
* [[Sports in Gujarat]]
* [[Indian Premier League]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.espncricinfo.com/cricket-grounds/narendra-modi-stadium-motera-ahmedabad-57851 Narendra Modi Stadium] at [[ESPNcricinfo]]
* [https://www.bcci.tv/venues/19/narendra-modi-stadium&ved=2ahUKEwiM9_q7wb6BAxVZZ94KHVf8CpY4FBAWegQIDhAB&usg=AOvVaw0Ru_e-NeHYd2xgMDcG7Bcq Narendra Modi Stadium] at [[Board of Control for Cricket in India|BCCI]]
* {{OSM|w|776718456}}

{{S-start}}
{{Succession box
| before = [[Lord's]] 
| title = [[Cricket World Cup]] [[List of Cricket World Cup finals|Final Venue]]
| years = [[2023 Cricket World Cup|2023]]
| after = TBD 
}}
{{S-end}}

{{Portal bar|Cricket|Sports|India}}
{{Ahmedabad topics}}
{{Test cricket grounds in India}}
{{List of cricket grounds in India}}

[[Category:Test cricket grounds in India]]
[[Category:Cricket in Ahmedabad]]
[[Category:2021 establishments in Gujarat]]
[[Category:Cricket grounds in Gujarat]]
[[Category:Sports venues in Ahmedabad]]
[[Category:Sports venues completed in 1983]]
[[Category:1983 establishments in Gujarat]]
[[Category:20th-century architecture in India]]
[[Category:Narendra Modi]]
[[Category:Memorials to Vallabhbhai Patel]]

Sainik Express

2026-03-18T05:45:41Z

DarellBabcock5: new new article initial version!

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2017}}

{{Short description|Train in India}}

{{Italic title}}

{{Infobox rail service
| name = Sainik Express
| logo = Ministry of Railways India.svg
| image =
| image_width =
| caption =
| type = [[Express trains in India|Express]]
| locale =
| first = {{start date and age|df=yes|2017|06|21}}
| last =
| operator = [[Northern Railway zone]]
| ridership =
| start = {{stnlnk|Delhi Sarai Rohilla}} (DEE)
| stops = 22
| end = {{stnlnk|Jaipur Junction}} (JP)
| distance = {{convert|404|km|abbr=on}}
| journeytime = 8h 55m
| frequency = Daily
| class = Second Class sitting, AC 3 Tier, Sleeper 3 Tier, Unreserved
| seating =
| sleeping = Yes
| autorack =
| catering = No
| observation =
| entertainment = No
| baggage =
| otherfacilities =
| stock = 2
| gauge = {{track gauge|1676mm}}
| el =
| trainnumber = 19701 / 19702
| speed = {{cvt|45.29|km/h}}
| map =
| map_state =
}}

The 19701 / 19702 '''Sainik Express''' is an [[Express trains in India|Express]] train belonging to [[Northern Railway zone]] that runs between [[Jaipur Junction railway station|Jaipur Junction]] of [[Rajasthan]] and [[Delhi Sarai Rohilla railway station|Delhi Sarai Rohilla]] of [[New Delhi]], the capital city of [[India]].<ref>[https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=1941058299472393&id=1536164256628468 INTRODUCTION OF NEW TRI- WEEKLY EXPRESS TRAIN BETWEEN DELHI SARAI ROHILLA AND SIKER FROM 22.06.2017]</ref>

==History==
During the [[Meter Gauge]] prior to 2009/2010, the Legendary Shekhawati Express having Train Number 9733/9734 used to Ply between [[Delhi Sarai Rohilla]] & {{stnlnk|Jaipur Junction}}. Timings for 9733 Shekhawati Express was {{stnlnk|Jaipur Junction}} 18:50 hrs; {{stnlnk|Ringas Junction}} 20:10 hrs; {{stnlnk|Sikar Junction}} 21:20 hrs; {{stnlnk|Loharu Junction}} 00.50 hrs with 30 mins stop for reversal; {{stnlnk|Rewari Junction}} 02:50 hrs; [[Delhi Sarai Rohilla]] 04.50 hrs. Timings for 9734 Shekhawati Express was [[Delhi Sarai Rohilla]] 23:00 hrs; {{stnlnk|Rewari Junction}} 01:05 hrs; {{stnlnk|Loharu Junction}} 03.30 with 30 mins stop for reversal; {{stnlnk|Sikar Junction}} 06:40 hrs; {{stnlnk|Ringas Junction}} 07:45 hrs; {{stnlnk|Jaipur Junction}} 09:00 hrs; For Gauge conversion, this train was permanently withdrawn from service.
Shekhawati Express used to cover {{convert|401|km|mi}} in 10:00 hrs running at {{convert|40.10|kph|mph}} average speed. The train was re-inaugurated as Delhi Sarai Rohilla–Sikar Express on 21 June 2017 by the Railway Minister of India during the completion of conversion of Sikar–Loharu railway line into {{Track gauge|5ft6in|lk=on}} [[broad gauge]].<ref>[https://www.bhaskar.com/news/HAR-OTH-MAT-latest-kosli-news-033005-2849629-NOR.html Introduction of Sikar - Delhi Sarai Rohilla tri-weekly Express]</ref>
Later on 1 March 2019, it was extended to Ringas Junction after the demand of Passengers for Direct train to Delhi and given name as '''''Sainik Express'''''. And, thereafter on 30 October 2019, again extended to {{stnlnk|Jaipur Junction}} for more connection and after gauge conversion between Ringas and Jaipur railway line into {{Track gauge|5ft6in|lk=on}} [[broad gauge]].<ref>[https://indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/coaching/Coaching_Circulars/475.pdf Extension of Trains in North Western Railways]</ref>

== Service==
This train covers the distance of {{convert|404|km|abbr=on}} average time of this train is 8 hours and 55 minutes with an average speed of {{convert|45.29|kph|mph}} vice versa as Train number 19701/19702.

== Routes and halts ==
The Important Halts of the train are :
* '''{{stnlnk|Delhi Cantonment}}'''
* {{stnlnk|Gurgaon}}
* {{stnlnk|Pataudi Road}}
* {{stnlnk|Rewari Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Loharu Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Surajgarh}}
* {{stnlnk|Chirawa}}
* {{stnlnk|Ratan Shahar}}
* {{stnlnk|Jhunjhunu}}
* {{stnlnk|Nua}}
* {{stnlnk|Dundlod Mukundgarh}}
* {{stnlnk|Nawalgarh}}
* {{stnlnk|Sikar Junction}}
* {{stnlnk|Ringas Junction}}
* '''{{stnlnk|Jaipur Junction}}'''

==Coach composition==

The train consists of 13 coaches:

* 1 AC III Tier
* 4 Sleeper coaches
* 3 Second Class sitting
* 4 General
* 2 Second-class Luggage/parcel van

== See also ==

* [[Sikar railway station]]
* [[Delhi Sarai Rohilla railway station]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== External links ==

* [https://indiarailinfo.com/train/sikar-delhi-sarai-rohilla-express-14021/64023/1255/350 19702/Sainik Express] India Rail Info
* [https://indiarailinfo.com/train/delhi-sarai-rohilla-sikar-express-14022/64026/350/1255 19702/Sainik Express] India Rail Info

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Delhi Sarai Rohilla-Sikar Express}}
[[Category:Rail transport in Delhi]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Haryana]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Transport in Delhi]]
[[Category:Express trains in India]]
[[Category:Railway services introduced in 2017]]
[[Category:2017 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Named passenger trains of India]]

{{India-express-train-stub}}

Tzürangkong

2026-03-16T01:33:16Z

DarellBabcock5: new initial info w/ infobox!

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Ref improve|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox mountain
| name = Tzürangkong Range
| native_name =
| other_name =
| photo =
| photo_caption =
| country = [[India]]
| state = [[Nagaland]]
| district = [[Mokokchung district|Mokokchung]]
| border =
| geology =
| period =
| orogeny =
| area_km2 =
| length_km =
| length_orientation =
| width_km =
| width_orientation =
| highest =
| highest_location =
| elevation_m =
| coordinates =
| range_coordinates =
| map =
| map_size =
| map_caption =
}}
'''Tzürangkong Range''' is one of the smallest ranges in [[Mokokchung District]] in the Indian state of [[Nagaland]].<ref>{{cite journal | last=Kechu | first=Metevinu | last2=Pankaj | first2=Pranay Punj | title=Traditional fishing methods practiced by Ao and Sumi tribes in Dikhu River of Nagaland, India | journal=Journal of Fisheries | volume=11 | issue=2 |year=2023| doi=10.17017/j.fish.458 | page=508| doi-access=free }}</ref> It consists mainly of new villages formed from other older villages of other ranges. It is also the lowest range (also known as the Naga Foothills) and borders [[Assam]], an Indian state. The range is first encountered by travellers along the Mokokchung-Mariani road at the Nagaland Gate (or the Tzütapela Gate, in Local Dialect). It consists of villages like Ao Senden, Ao Sungkhum, [[Chungtiayimsen]] (or New Chungtia), Watiyim, Longpayimsen, Moayimti, Medemyim, Longtho, etc. On penetrating deeper into the Hills, this range ultimately gives way to the [[Japukong]] and [[Changkikong]] ranges. Its nearest sub-district headquarters is the town of [[Mangkolemba]].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tzurangkong}}
[[Category:Geography of Nagaland]]

{{Nagaland-geo-stub}}

Sanjay Anant Patil

2026-03-15T04:16:28Z

DarellBabcock5: new a post w/ refs!

{{Short description|Indian farmer}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Sanjay Anant Patil
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1964|08|31}}
| death_date =
| birth_place = [[Ponda, Goa]]
| other_names =
| known_for = Natural farming and zero-energy micro-irrigation systems
| occupation = Indian farmer
}}
'''Sanjay Anant Patil''' is an Indian farmer from [[Ponda, Goa]],<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=2024-01-26 |title=Ponda farmer only Goan to bag Padma this year |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/ponda-farmer-only-goan-to-bag-padma-this-year/articleshow/107155082.cms |access-date=2024-07-29 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> known for his work in [[natural farming]] and zero-energy micro-irrigation systems.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-26 |title=Sanjay Patil awarded Padma Shri |url=https://businessgoa.in/sanjay-patil-awarded-padma-shri/ |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=BusinessGoa |language=en-US}}</ref> In February 2024, Patil was awarded the [[Padma Shri]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Times |first=Navhind |date=2024-01-27 |title=‘Milk is just by-product; I can generate `50k per month from cow dung, urine’ {{!}} The Navhind Times |url=https://www.navhindtimes.in/2024/01/27/goanews/milk-is-just-by-product-i-can-generate-50k-per-month-from-cow-dung-urine/ |access-date=2024-07-29 |language=en-US}}</ref> India's fourth-highest civilian honor, for his contributions to natural farming.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Innovative Kulagar farmer Sanjay Patil gets Padma Shri |url=https://www.heraldgoa.in/Goa/Innovative-Kulagar-farmer-Sanjay-Patil-gets-Padma-Shri/217069 |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=oHeraldo}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-05-09 |title=Green Revolutionary from Goa Awarded Padma Shri |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/green-revolutionary-from-goa-awarded-padma-shri/articleshow/109988707.cms |access-date=2024-08-03 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== Early life and career ==
Sanjay Patil spent his childhood at his uncle's home in [[Shiroda, Goa|Shiroda]], about 20 km from his village, where he attended school and learned farming activities. After completing his education up to the eleventh class, Patil worked for four years at the Goa Bagayatdar Society. He then resigned to pursue his goal of natural farming.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Padma Shri to Goa's innovative farmer Sanjay Anant Patil |url=https://www.daijiworld.com/index.php/news/newsDisplay?newsID=1185716 |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=www.daijiworld.com |language=en}}</ref>

Patil's farming journey began in 1986. He spent initial years experimenting with various farming methods. He then traveled to Gujarat to learn about natural farming processes and returned to Goa to work on these practices. He has transformed a 10-acre plot into a farm with technical guidance from ICAR-CCARI, Goa.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=ICARGOA |url=https://ccari.icar.gov.in/PADMASHRISANJAYPATIL2024.html |access-date=2024-07-29 |website=ccari.icar.gov.in}}</ref>

== Awards ==
2013: Goa Krishi Ratna Award by the [[Government of Goa|Goa government]].<ref name=":2" />

2015: Best Horticulturist Award Presented by Goa Bagayatdar.<ref name=":2" />

2023: IARI–Innovative Farmer Award by the ICAR-[[Indian Agricultural Research Institute]] (IARI), [[New Delhi]], for his contributions to natural farming and zero-energy micro-irrigation systems.<ref name=":2" />

2023: Goa State Biodiversity Board Conservation Award.<ref name=":2" />

2024: Awarded the [[Padma Shri]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 January 2024 |title=ICAR-CCARI, Goa felicitates Padma Shri 2024 awardee, Sh. Sanjay Anant Patil |url=https://icar.org.in/icar-ccari-goa-felicitates-padma-shri-2024-awardee-sh-sanjay-anant-patil |website=icar.org}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.padmaawards.gov.in/Document/pdf/CitationsForTickets/2024/202497.pdf Sanjay Anant Patil] on Padma Awards

{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in "Others" Category|state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Patil, Sanjay Anant}}
[[Category:People from North Goa district]]
[[Category:Farmworkers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian farmers]]
[[Category:Organic farmers]]
[[Category:1964 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in other fields]]

Mihika Kushwaha

2026-03-15T02:24:08Z

DarellBabcock5: started basic stub w/ infobox

{{Short description|Indian actress (Born 1995)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Mihika Kushwaha
| image =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1995|07|20}}
| birth_place = [[Agra]], [[India]]
| occupation = {{hlist|[[Actress]]|[[Model (person)|model]]}}
| years active =
| notable_works = ''[[Dear Dia]]''
| spouse =
| children =
| relatives =
| website =
}}
'''Mihika Kushwaha''' is an Indian model and actress, who made her [[Bollywood]] debut from movie ''[[Dear Dia]]'', which was a remake of [[Kannada]] movie [[Dia (film)|''Dia'']].

== Life ==
Kushwaha is from Agra, [[Uttar Pradesh]]. She started modelling at a young age before moving into acting. In 2020, she also featured in ''Boond Boond'' and ''Idhar dekho'' song.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ptcpunjabi.co.in/who-is-dear-dia-actress-mihika-kushwaha-know-all-about-her|title=Who is 'Dear Dia' actress Mihika Kushwaha? Know all about her|website=PTC Punjabi|date=10 May 2022 |accessdate=30 April 2023|archive-date=10 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220510114035/https://www.ptcpunjabi.co.in/who-is-dear-dia-actress-mihika-kushwaha-know-all-about-her|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aninews.in/news/business/business/mihika-kushwaha-starrer-dear-dia-highlights-love-triangle-in-a-new-light20220430101112|title=Mihika Kushwaha starrer 'Dear Dia' highlights love triangle in a new light|website=ANI|accessdate=30 April 2023|archive-date=30 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230430064747/https://www.aninews.in/news/business/business/mihika-kushwaha-starrer-dear-dia-highlights-love-triangle-in-a-new-light20220430101112/|url-status=live}}</ref> Kushwaha studied for a [[Master of Business Administration]] degree before joining the entertainment industry.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-actress-and-model-mihika-kushwaha-s-digital-game-wows-the-netizens-2947552|title=Actress and model Mihika Kushwaha's digital game wows the netizens|website=DNA India|accessdate=30 April 2023|archive-date=22 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220422074433/https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-actress-and-model-mihika-kushwaha-s-digital-game-wows-the-netizens-2947552|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ptcpunjabi.co.in/dear-dia-2022-ott-platform-and-release-date-know-where-to-watch-mihika-kushwahas-love-drama|title=Dear Dia 2022 OTT Platform and Release Date: Know where to watch Mihika Kushwaha's love drama|website=PTC Punjabi|date=9 June 2022 |accessdate=30 April 2023|archive-date=3 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703084124/https://www.ptcpunjabi.co.in/dear-dia-2022-ott-platform-and-release-date-know-where-to-watch-mihika-kushwahas-love-drama|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/pruthvi-ambaar-unveil-the-first-look-of-dia-hindi-remake/articleshow/90077461.cms|title=Pruthvi Ambaar unveils the first look of 'Dia' Hindi remake|website=Times of India|date=8 March 2022 |accessdate=30 April 2023|archive-date=12 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312133323/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/pruthvi-ambaar-unveil-the-first-look-of-dia-hindi-remake/articleshow/90077461.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.koimoi.com/bollywood-news/dear-dia-a-kannada-films-hindi-remake-is-in-the-works-featuring-mihika-kushwaha-ujjwal-sharma-pruthvi-ambaar/|title=Dear Dia: A Kannada Film's Hindi Remake Is In The Works, Featuring Mihika Kushwaha, Ujjwal Sharma & Pruthvi Ambaar|website=koi moi|date=10 May 2022 |accessdate=30 April 2023|archive-date=12 June 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612001138/https://www.koimoi.com/bollywood-news/dear-dia-a-kannada-films-hindi-remake-is-in-the-works-featuring-mihika-kushwaha-ujjwal-sharma-pruthvi-ambaar/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/mihika-kushwaha-i-was-always-this-little-drama-queen-as-a-kid-exclusive/articleshow/90655371.cms|title=Mihika Kushwaha: I was always this little drama queen as a kid - Exclusive|website=Times of India|date=5 April 2022 |accessdate=30 April 2023|archive-date=10 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220710104154/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/mihika-kushwaha-i-was-always-this-little-drama-queen-as-a-kid-exclusive/articleshow/90655371.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.punjabnewsexpress.com/news/news/kannada-film-dear-dia-being-remade-in-hindi-165610|title=Kannada film 'Dear Dia' being remade in Hind|website=Punjab news express|accessdate=30 April 2023|archive-date=11 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220511190218/https://www.punjabnewsexpress.com/news/news/kannada-film-dear-dia-being-remade-in-hindi-165610|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Filmography==
===Films===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year
! Title
! Role
! Notes
! Ref.
|-
| 2022
|''[[Dear Dia]] ''
|Dia
|
|
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kushwaha, Mihika}}
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1995 births]]
[[Category:Indian actresses]]

{{India-film-actor-1990s-stub}}

Anusandhan (1981 film)

2026-03-07T06:08:02Z

DarellBabcock5: Started!

{{short description|1981 Indian Bengali action film by Shakti Samanta}}
{{For|the similarly named 1960 Bollywood film|Barsaat Ki Raat}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Anusandhan
| image = Anusandhan (1981) film poster.jpeg
| caption = Theatrical poster of ''Anusandhan''
| director = [[Shakti Samanta]]
| based_on = {{Based on|''Anusandhan''|[[Shaktipada Rajguru]]}}
| producer = Shakti Samanta
| screenplay = Shaktipada Rajguru Shakti Samanta
{{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes
| label1 = Dialogues by
| data1 = '''Bengali:''' [[Prabhat Roy]] '''Hindi:''' [[Kamleshwar (writer)|Kamleshwar]]
}}
| narrator =
| starring = [[Amitabh Bachchan]] [[Raakhee]] [[Amjad Khan (actor)|Amjad Khan]] [[Utpal Dutt]]
| music = [[R. D. Burman]]
| cinematography = Aloke Dasgupta
| editing = Bijoy Chowdhury
| studio = Shakti Films
| distributor = Shakti Films
| released = {{Film date|1981|02|04|Bengali|1981|02|20|Hindi|df=y}}
| runtime = 142 mins
| country = India
| language = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Anusandhan''''' (in [[Bengali language|Bengali]]; {{IPA|en|ə.nʊ.sən.d̪ʱaːn}} {{Translation|'''''Discovery'''''}}) or '''''Barsaat Ki Ek Raat''''' (in [[Hindi]]; {{IPA|en|bər.saːt kiː ek raːt}} {{Translation|'''''A Rainy Night'''''}}) is a 1981 Indian bilingual [[action thriller film]] made in both [[Bengali language|Bengali]] and [[Hindi|Hindi languages]], produced and directed by [[Shakti Samanta]] under his banner of Shakti Films. Based on a novel of the same name by [[Shaktipada Rajguru]], it stars [[Amitabh Bachchan]] in his debut in [[Cinema of West Bengal|Bengali cinema]], alongside [[Rakhee Gulzar]], [[Amjad Khan (actor)|Amjad Khan]], [[Utpal Dutt]] and [[Abhi Bhattacharya]] in lead roles.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indiablooms.com/showbiz-details/B/8627/amitabh-bachchan-turns-nostalgic-as-barsaat-ki-ek-raat-completes-37-years-of-release.html|title=Amitabh Bachchan turns nostalgic as Barsaat Ki Ek Raat completes 37 years of release|website=indiablooms.com|date=19 February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.femina.in/celebs/indian/the-life-and-times-of-rakhee-gulzar-108351.html|title=The life and times of Rakhee Gulzar|website=Femina|author=Hemchhaya De|date=27 October 2018|access-date=1 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latestly.com/entertainment/bollywood/50-years-of-amitabh-bachchan-twitterati-celebrates-golden-jubilee-of-the-legendary-actor-in-bollywood-645309.html|title=50 Years of Amitabh Bachchan in Bollywood: Twitterati Celebrates Golden Jubilee of the Legendary Actor in Bollywood|website=latestly.com|date=15 February 2019|access-date=1 March 2021}}</ref> The film follows Inspector Abhijeet Rai in search of Kaliram, a criminal whom he arrested five years ago, after his pregnant wife gets injured by the latter.

The film marks the second collaboration between Samanta and Bachchan. Majorly filmed in [[Darjeeling]], some portions of the film were shot in [[Kolkata]] and [[Mumbai]]. Music of the film is composed by [[R. D. Burman]], with lyrics penned by [[Gauriprasanna Mazumder]] and [[Anand Bakshi]] in Bengali and Hindi respectively. Rajguru himself wrote the screenplay of both the versions, while [[Prabhat Roy]] and [[Kamleshwar (writer)|Kamleshwar]] served as the dialogue writers. Aloke Dasgupta and Bijoy Chowdhury handled its cinematography and editing respectively.

For the Bengali film, Bachchan himself dubbed his own voice, whereas he learned the lingual pronunciation from Prabhat Roy and [[Jaya Bachchan|Jaya Bhaduri]], his wife. The film is remembered for the classic songs "Haye Re Pora Banshi, "Amar Swapno Je" and "Phete Gelo Kaliramer Dhol". The first song was remade by the Bombay Bicycle Club and the second was used in the international song Funky Bijou Anthem.

==Plot==
In [[Takdah|Takdah tea estate]] in [[Darjeeling]], Hariya Sahu ([[Utpal Dutt]]), famous as Sahuji, is a merchant who has woven a web of corruption in every layer of the social fabric. He supplies materials of inferior quality to the tea garden, and then bribes the accountants to pass his bills. When one of the managers Suresh ([[Abhi Bhattacharya]]), who is also known as Boro Babu, resists, Sahuji pays the workers to go on a strike against the Boro Babu. Besides, he is also involved in rampant smuggling of goods across the border, and everyone from the local jeweler to the local police inspector are part of his intricate web.

While the father has created a position of influence by spreading corruption, his son Kaaliram ([[Amjad Khan (actor)|Amjad Khan]]) has ushered in a reign of terror. He goes to local bars, drinks, and doesn't pay. Anyone standing in his way gets beaten up mercilessly, either by him or his thugs. After getting sufficiently intoxicated, he then indulges in carnal desire by forcefully taking away any of the unmarried village girls for a night of merriment. If the poor girl's parents try to fight back, their house is set on fire. Desperate villagers make a plea to the owner of the tea garden, who calls (presumably) the higher ups in police force and they promise to send someone.

Next day, while crossing a bridge, Kaaliram and his thugs meet a mysterious stranger on a mule, whose face is completely covered in a [[Sombrero]]-type hat popular in that region. The stranger, named Abhijeet ([[Amitabh Bachchan]]), doesn't seem to be aware of Kaali's reputation and has no hesitation in fighting back strongly. Kaali vows to take revenge, but on a number of subsequent encounters, including a drum-playing competition during [[Durga Puja]], Kaali loses to Abhijeet every time. However, the ever so loyal police inspector ([[Asit Sen (actor)|Asit Sen]]), always comes to his rescue and prevents him from being sent to jail. However, Kaali's frustration grows.

In the meanwhile, Abhijeet meets and falls in love with Tamosha (in [[Bengali language|Bengali]]) or Rajni (in [[Hindi]]) ([[Rakhee Gulzar]]), the blind daughter of the Boro Babu. One rainy night, Kaali attempts to [[Sexual abuse|molest]] Tamosha, but Abhijeet comes to her rescue. When the police inspector again attempts to drag his feet, Abhijeet erupts in anger, shows his identity as a very high level police officer, throws Kaali into jail, and suspends the police officer.

Abhijeet marries Tamosha and they settle down in a quaint little village named Sonarpur, awaiting the birth of their first child. Meanwhile, Kaali gets out of jail and finds the whereabouts of Abhijeet and Tamosha. He sends Abhijeet away from home by making a fake call for help, and then, enters Abhijeet's home and attacks Tamosha, causing her to [[Miscarriage|miscarry]].

A clue found outside the house ties Kaali with the incident, and Abhijeet confronts him. However, as he is about to drag the handcuffed Kaali to the police station, Sahuji, in an attempt to shoot Abhijeet, ends up killing his son. The story ends with justice, divine and otherwise, presumed to have been served to all (except the unborn child).

==Cast==
[[File:Promotional poster of Anusandhan and Barsaat Ki Ek Raat.jpg|thumb|368x368px|The [[Silver jubilee|silver jubliee]] poster of ''Anusandhan'' and ''Barsaat Ki Ek Raat''.]]

{{Cast listing|* [[Amitabh Bachchan]] as Inspector Abhijeet Ray
* [[Rakhee Gulzar]] as Tamosha (in [[Bengali language|Bengali]] version) / Rajni (in [[Hindi]] version)
* [[Amjad Khan (actor)|Amjad Khan]] as Kaaliram Sahu
* [[Utpal Dutt]] as Hariya Sahu, Kaaliram's father
*[[Abhi Bhattacharya]] as Suresh / Boro Babu (Tamosha's father)
* [[Prema Narayan]] as Phuli (in Bengali version) /Phulwa (in Hindi version)
* [[Asit Sen (actor)|Asit Sen]] as Police inspector
* [[Sujit Kumar]]
* [[Nimu Bhowmik]] as Doctor}}
*

==Soundtrack==

=== Bengali ===

{{Track listing
| headline = Songs
| extra_column = Playback
| all_lyrics = [[Gouri Prasanna Majumdar]]
| all_music = [[Rahul Dev Burman]]

| title1 = Amar Shopno Je
| extra1 = [[Kishore Kumar]], [[Lata Mangeshkar]]

| title2 = Haye Re Poda Bashi
| extra2 = Lata Mangeshkar

| title3 = Hori Bol Hori Bol
| extra3 = Kishore Kumar

| title4 = Fulkoili Re Fulkoli
| extra4 = Kishore Kumar, Asha Bhosle

| title5 = Otho Otho Shurjai Re
| extra5 = Lata Mangeshkar
}}

=== Hindi ===
{{Track listing
| headline = Songs
| extra_column = Playback
| all_lyrics = [[Anand Bakshi]]
| all_music = [[Rahul Dev Burman]]

| title1 = Apne Pyar Ke
| extra1 = Kishore Kumar, Lata Mangeshkar

| title2 = Haye Wo Pardesi
| extra2 = Lata Mangeshkar

| title3 = Kaliram Ka Dhol
| extra3 = Kishore Kumar

| title4 = Manchali O Manchali
| extra4 = Kishore Kumar, Asha Bhosle

| title5 = Nadiya Kinare Pe
| extra5 = Lata Mangeshkar
}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|id=0080376}}
* {{Rotten Tomatoes}}

[[Category:1981 films]]
[[Category:1981 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:1981 Indian films]]
[[Category:1981 Bengali-language films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Shakti Samanta]]
[[Category:Films scored by R. D. Burman]]
[[Category:Indian multilingual films]]
[[Category:1981 multilingual films]]
[[Category:Films based on works by Shaktipada Rajguru]]
[[Category:1981 action thriller films]]

Petra Maganai Vitra Annai

2026-03-04T05:00:02Z

DarellBabcock5: starting some entry w/ refs

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2022}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Petra Maganai Vitra Annai.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = V. Ramanathan
| producer = [[Modern Theatres]]
| writer = [[A. P. Nagarajan]] A. V. P. Aasai Thambi
| story =
| starring = [[S. S. Rajendran]] [[C. R. Vijayakumari]] [[R. S. Manohar]] [[Pandari Bai]]
| music = [[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]]
| cinematography = E. N. Balakrishnan
| editing = L. Balu
| studio = [[Modern Theatres]]
| released = {{Film date|df=y|1958|05|30|ref1=}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}

'''''Petra Maganai Vitra Annai''''' ({{translation|The mother who sold her son}}) is 1958 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language film, directed by V. Ramanathan and produced by [[Modern Theatres]]. The film stars [[S. S. Rajendran]], [[R. S. Manohar]], A. Karunanidhi and E. R. Sahadevan, with [[C. R. Vijayakumari]], [[Pandari Bai]] and [[T. P. Muthulakshmi]] in supporting roles. It was released on 30 May 1958.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 April 1958 |title=Petra Maganai Vitra Annai |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=P9oYG7HA76QC&dat=19580417&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |access-date=19 October 2021 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |pages=10 |via=[[Google News Archive]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2018 |title=கல்யாணப்பரிசு படத்தில் விஜயகுமாரி - சரோஜாதேவியுடன் இணைந்து நடித்தார் |url=https://cinema.maalaimalar.com/cinema/cinehistory/2018/10/08210358/1196408/cinima-history-vijayakumari.vpf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020194442/https://cinema.maalaimalar.com/cinema/cinehistory/2018/10/08210358/1196408/cinima-history-vijayakumari.vpf |archive-date=20 October 2021 |access-date=19 October 2021 |website=[[Maalai Malar]] |language=ta}}</ref>

== Plot ==
{{no plot|date=October 2021}}

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
* [[S. S. Rajendran]] as Prince Villalan/Neelan
* [[R. S. Manohar]] as Minister Gunasekaran
* [[C. R. Vijayakumari]] as Jeeva
* [[Pandari Bai]] as Prince Villalan's mother
* [[A. Karunanidhi]] as Duttan
* [[T. P. Muthulakshmi]] as Mohana
* Kumari Rajamani as Nirmala
*[[E. R. Sahadevan]] as General Vikraman
* "Sattampillai" Venkatraman as Azhagesan
* Pakkirisamy as Alagalam
* M. S. Draupadi as Vedha
* Master Gopal as Younger Villalan
* Baby Sasikala as Younger Jeeva
* K. K. Perumal
* M. N. Krishnan
* M. K. Durai Raj
*[[K. K. Soundar]] as Parakraman
* S. S. Siva Sooriyan
}}

== Soundtrack ==
Music was composed by [[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]] and lyrics were written by [[Thanjai N. Ramaiah Dass]], [[A. Maruthakasi]], [[Pattukkottai Kalyanasundaram]] and [[S. D. Sundharam]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Neelamegam |first=G. |title=Thiraikalanjiyam — Part 1 |publisher=Manivasagar Publishers |year=2014 |edition=1st |location=Chennai |pages=153 |language=ta}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Petra Maganai Vitra Annai |url=https://avdigital.in/collections/new-stock-of-records/products/petra-maganai-vitra-annai |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413051939/https://avdigital.in/collections/new-stock-of-records/products/petra-maganai-vitra-annai |archive-date=13 April 2019 |access-date=13 April 2019 |website=AVDigital}}</ref> The song "Thendral Urangiya Podhum" is tuned in [[Abheri]] Ragam. The song "Kaalamenum Kaattaaru" was taken from the stage play ''Kaviyin Kanavu'' authored by S. D. Sundaram.<ref>{{Cite book |title=கவியின் கனவு |publisher=Vignesh Publishers |year=2005 |location=Chennai |pages=9, 45 |language=ta |trans-title=Poet's dream}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! Song !! Singer !! Lyrics !! Length
|-
| "Ethirikku Ethiri Sattaiyadi" || [[K. Jamuna Rani]] || rowspan=3|Pattukottai Kalyanasundaram || 03:15
|-
| "Azhadhe Pappaa Azhadhe" || T. S. Bagavathi || 03:42
|-
| "Laai Lalla Laai Lalla...Uruludhu Peraludhu" || Jikki & K. Jamuna Rani || 04:02
|-
| "Dil Rabsa" (Dio Dio) || S. C. Krishnan & A. G. Rathnamala || rowspan=4|Thanjai N. Ramaiah Dass || 01:29
|-
| "Konaadha Maratthile...Onne Onnu Adhu" || Tiruchi Loganathan, Jikki, P. Susheela & Sirkazhi Govindarajan || 04:36
|-
| "Aambalkki Kann Potta...Gum Gum Gum" || Tiruchi Loganathan & Jikki || 03:44
|-
| "Pachaiyilum Neeyum Pachai" || Sirkazhi Govindarajan & Jikki || 03:12
|-
| "Thendral Urangiya Podhum" || A. M. Rajah & P. Suseela || rowspan=4|A. Maruthakasi || 04:09
|-
| "Kannaalan Vandhiduvaar" || Jikki || 03:27
|-
| "Petra Maganai Vitra Annai" || Sirkazhi Govindarajan ||
|-
| "Mamma Mamma Pannaadai" || Jikki || 03:16
|-
| "Kaalamenum Kaattaaru" || T. M. Soundararajan & P. Leela || S. D. Sundharam ||03:33
|-
| "Thuyar Soozhndha Vaazhvinile" || K. Jamunarani || ||
|}

== Critical reception ==
{{Empty section|date=February 2025}}
<ref>{{Cite news |date=7 June 1958 |title=பெற்ற மகனை விற்ற அன்னை |url=https://images.eap.bl.uk/EAP372/EAP372_9_14_154/6.jp2/full/1000,1545/0/default.jpg |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20250224150258/https://images.eap.bl.uk/EAP372/EAP372_9_14_154/6.jp2/full/1000,1545/0/default.jpg |archive-date=24 February 2025 |access-date=24 February 2025 |work=Janasakthi |pages=6 |language=ta |via=[[Endangered Archives Programme]] }}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title}}

{{Modern Theatres}}
{{A. P. Nagarajan}}

[[Category:1958 Indian films]]
[[Category:1958 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1958 films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by A. P. Nagarajan]]
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Ranatantra

2026-03-04T04:38:00Z

DarellBabcock5: further refine layout to improve readability also and added references per standard format

{{short description|2016 Indian Kannada Romantic film-action- thriller film}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2016}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Ranatantra
| image = Ranatantra.jpg
| caption = Theatrical Poster
| director = Aadiram
| producer = S.Ramesh
| writer = Aadiram
| story =
| based_on =
| starring = [[Vijay Raghavendra]] [[Hariprriya]]
| music = M.Karthik
| cinematography = [[Rajesh Yadav (cinematographer)|Rajesh Yadav]]
| editing = Srikanth
| studio = Manoj Kumar Yadav Productions
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|2016|03|18|df=yes}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Kannada
| budget = 
| gross = 
}}

'''''Ranatantra''''' is a 2016 Indian [[Kannada]]-language [[romantic action]] [[thriller film]] written and directed by Aadiram, making his debut, and produced by S.Ramesh. It features [[Vijay Raghavendra]] and [[Hariprriya]] in the lead roles, and a supporting cast that includes Sathyajith, Bhajarangi Madhu, Vishal Hedge, and Aishwarya Sindhogi. The movie is a remake of the 2008 Tamil movie ''[[Silandhi]],'' which itself was loosely based on the English movie ''[[I Know What You Did Last Summer]]''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/news/2021/jul/12/ilaiyaraaja-signs-his-next-25431.html | title=Ilaiyaraaja signs his next | website=[[Cinema Express]] | access-date=8 September 2022 | archive-date=8 September 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220908232105/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/news/2021/jul/12/ilaiyaraaja-signs-his-next-25431.html | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Bangalore Mirror">{{Cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/reviews/Movie-Review-Ranatantra/articleshow/51461778.cms|title=Movie Review: Ranatantra|first=Shyam|last=Prasad S|website=Bangalore Mirror|language=en|access-date=2019-05-30|archive-date=30 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190530084604/https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/reviews/Movie-Review-Ranatantra/articleshow/51461778.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>
The movie was dubbed in Telugu as ''Suryakala'', in Tamil as ''Idi Pedda Saithan,'' and in Hindi as ''Agniputra''. The [[Film score|score]] and soundtrack for the film is by M. Karthik and the cinematography is by Rajesh K.Narayan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/230316/movie-review-ranatantra-same-old-scary-plot.html|title=Movie review 'Ranatantra': Same old scary plot|last=SM|first=Shashiprasad|date=2016-03-23|website=Deccan Chronicle|language=en|access-date=2019-05-30|archive-date=2 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502103912/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/movie-reviews/230316/movie-review-ranatantra-same-old-scary-plot.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Bangalore Mirror"/>

==Cast==
*[[Vijay Raghavendra]] as Goutham
*[[Haripriya|Hariprriya]] as Swarna
*[[Sathyajith (Kannada actor)|Sathyajith]]
*Vishal Hedge
*Bhajarangi Madhu
*Aishwarya Sindhogi

==Soundtrack==
{{Infobox album
| name = Ranatantra
| type = soundtrack
| artist = M.Karthik
| cover =
| alt =
| released =
| recorded =
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Film soundtrack|Feature film soundtrack]]
| length =
| language = [[Kannada]]
| label = [[Lahari Music (company)|Lahari Music]]
| producer = S.Ramesh
| prev_title =
| prev_year =
| next_title =
| next_year =
}}

The film's background score and the soundtracks are composed by M.Karthik. The music rights were acquired by [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]].

{{tracklist
| headline = Tracklist
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length =
| all_lyrics =
| title1 = Ninagintha Mohakavada
| lyrics1 =[[Kaviraj (lyricist)|Kaviraj]]
| extra1 = [[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]], [[Megha (singer)|Megha]], Rani, Vidya
| length1 =3:53
| title2 =Angela
| lyrics2 =[[V. Nagendra Prasad]]
| extra2 = [[Vijay Prakash]]
| length2 =4:30
| title3 =Laka Laka Ladaki
| lyrics3 =[[K. Kalyan]]
| extra3 = [[Madhu Balakrishnan]]
| length3 =4:21
| title4 = Ha Naguva Samayya
| extra4 = [[Tippu (singer)|Tippu]], [[Anuradha Bhat]]
| lyrics4 =
| length4 =
| title5 = Laka Laka Ladki
| extra5 = Suneetha
| lyrics5 =
| length5 =
|all_writing=|title7=|length7=|title8=|length8=|title9=|length9=|title10=|length10=|title11=|length11=|title12=|length12=|title13=|length13=|title14=|length14=|title15=|length15=|title16=|length16=|title17=|length17=|title18=|length18=|title19=|length19=|title20=|length20=|title6=|length6=|length0=}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|5684560}}

[[Category:2016 Kannada-language films]]
[[Category:Indian action thriller films]]
[[Category:2016 action thriller films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic action films]]
[[Category:2010s romantic thriller films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic thriller films]]
[[Category:2016 directorial debut films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Mysore]]
[[Category:Films shot in Bengaluru]]
[[Category:2010s romantic action films]]
[[Category:Kannada remakes of Tamil films]]

Geetanjali (1993 film)

2026-03-03T23:32:07Z

DarellBabcock5: added details for clarity and corrected details

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{More citations needed|date=March 2025}}{{Infobox film
| name = Geetanjali
| image = Geetanjali (1993 film).jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| writer = [[Rahi Masoom Reza|Rahi Masoom Reza]] Ajay Kartik {{small|(dialogues)}} [[Indeevar]] {{small|(lyrics)}}
| story = [[Sachin Bhowmick]]
| screenplay = Sachin Bhowmick
| producer = [[Shakti Samanta]]
| director = Shakti Samanta
| starring = [[Jeetendra]] [[Rekha]]
| music = [[Bappi Lahiri]]
| cinematography = Aloke Das Gupta
| editing = Sudhir Verma
| studio = Shakti Films<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0268326/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1 |title=Geetanjali (1993) (Overview)|work=IMDb}}</ref>
| released = {{Film date|1993|05|28|df=y}}
| runtime = 152 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget =
}}

'''''Geetanjali''''' is a 1993 [[Hindi]]-language [[romance film]], produced and directed by [[Shakti Samanta]] under the Shakti Films banner.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://osianama.com/mast-cpe-0014134?Cpge=54&Lpge=60&Npge=7&search= |title=Geetanjali (1993) (Production)|work=Osianama}}</ref> It stars [[Jeetendra]], [[Rekha]] and music composed by [[Bappi Lahiri]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gomolo.com/celeb/jeetendra-and-rekha-movies-list/6094/11717 |title=Geetanjali (1993) (Star cast) |work=gomolo |access-date=2 January 2016 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304142120/http://www.gomolo.com/celeb/jeetendra-and-rekha-movies-list/6094/11717 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Plot==
Geetanjali is the story of two twin sisters Geeta and Anjali. Geeta is a music teacher and Anjali is a world-renowned famous dancer. Sagar is a college professor who has come to his sister's place to spend his holiday. There he meets Geeta, they fall in love and get married. In the course of time, they have a child. Geeta is of a very suspicious nature. Whenever Sagar comes late, she suspects that he must be having an affair with his female students. One of the students, Kaveri, flirts with Sagar, so that he will pass her in the exams. She tries to take advantage of Sagar, but when she is turned down, Kaveri reports to the principal that Sagar tried to rape her. Sagar is suspended till further inquiry and Geeta, who had always suspected Sagar, leaves the house and goes to stay with her sister. Anjali knew Sagar well and did not believe Geeta. Anjali goes to Sagar's house as Geeta to find out the truth. Will Sagar's innocence be proved?

==Cast==
{{div col|colwidth=25em}}
*[[Jeetendra]] as Professor Sagar Bhardwaj
*[[Rekha]] as Geeta / Anjali (Double Role)
*[[Dalip Tahil]] as P. D.
*[[Asrani]] as Ramprasad Durgaprasad Tiwari
*[[Ajit Vachani]] as Makhnani
*[[Vijay Arora]] as Sagar's Brother-in-Law
*[[Anita Kanwal]] as Sagar's Elder Sister
*[[Ram Mohan]] as Principal Ghosh
*[[Dinesh Thakur]] as Vice-Principal Sharma
*[[Achyut Potdar]] as Professor Iyer
*[[Sushmita Mukherjee]] as Seeta
*[[Amita Nangia]] as Kaveri Saxena
{{div col end}}

==Soundtrack==
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! Song !! Singer
|-
| "Badra Chhaye"
| [[Kavita Krishnamurthy]]
|-
| "Bina Tumhare Chaar Kadam Bhi"
| Kavita Krishnamurthy, [[Kumar Sanu]]
|-
| "Pyar Ke Rishte Jud Jate Hai"
| Kavita Krishnamurthy, Kumar Sanu
|-
| "Tumhe Chahta Hoon"
| Kumar Sanu
|-
| "Dil Aaj Sambhaloon"
| [[Alka Yagnik]]
|-
| "Aap Ke Shehar Mein"
| Alka Yagnik
|-
| "I Love You"
| [[Asha Bhosle]]
|-
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|0268326}}

[[Category:Films directed by Shakti Samanta]]
[[Category:Films scored by Bappi Lahiri]]
[[Category:1993 films]]
[[Category:1993 Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:1993 Indian films]]
{{1990s-Hindi-film-stub}}

Tom and Jerry (2021 Indian film)

2026-03-03T12:16:02Z

DarellBabcock5: new initial stub first draft

{{No plot|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Tom and Jerry
| image = Tom and Jerry (2021 Indian film).jpg
| alt =
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| native_name = 
| director = Raaghav Vinay Shivagange
| writer = Raaghav Vinay Shivagange
| screenplay =
| story =
| based_on = 
| producer = Raju Sheregar
| starring = Nischith Korodi Chaitra Rao
| narrator =
| cinematography = Sanketh MYS
| editing = Suraj Ankolekar
| music = Mathews Manu
| studio = Riddhi Siddhi Films
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2021|11|12}}
| runtime =
| country = India
| language = Kannada
| budget =
| gross =
}}
'''''Tom And Jerry''''' (stylised as '''''Tom & Jerry''''') is a 2021 Indian [[Kannada]]-language [[Romantic comedy|romantic comedy film]] directed by Raaghav Vinay Shivagange and starring Nischith Korodi of ''[[Gantumoote]]'' (2019) fame and Chaitra Rao.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
*Nischith Korodi as Dharma
*Chaitra Rao as Satya
*Shekhar
*[[Tara (Kannada actress)|Tara]]
*[[Jai Jagadish]]
*S. Shivaramanna
*Rockline Sudhakar
* Kaddipudi Chandru
*[[Padmaja Rao]]
* Kote Prabhakar
* Sampath Maitreya
}}

== Production ==
Raaghav Vinay Shivagange, the dialogue writer of ''[[KGF: Chapter 1]]'' (2018), made his directorial debut with this film.<ref>{{Cite news |date=13 January 2020 |title=Exclusive! Director Raaghav Vinay Shivagange: 'Tom and Jerry' is a mass entertainer |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/exclusive-director-raaghav-vinay-shivagange-tom-and-jerry-is-a-mass-entertainer/articleshow/73230922.cms |work=The Times of India |access-date=30 July 2024 |archive-date=21 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521051523/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/exclusive-director-raaghav-vinay-shivagange-tom-and-jerry-is-a-mass-entertainer/articleshow/73230922.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> The lead cast of the film are engaged in a cat and mouse game similar to the titular characters of ''[[Tom and Jerry]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 November 2021 |title=The irresistible Tom & Jerry |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/the-irresistible-tom-jerry/articleshow/87653610.cms |access-date=30 July 2024 |website=[[Bangalore Mirror]] |language=en |archive-date=16 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220416213748/https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/entertainment/south-masala/the-irresistible-tom-jerry/articleshow/87653610.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Soundtrack==
The music was composed by Mathews Manu and features five songs and three bit songs.<ref>{{Cite web |date=14 January 2020 |title=Tom and Jerry brings Nischith and Chaitra Rao together |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2020/Jan/14/tom-and-jerry-brings-nischith-and-chaitra-rao-together-2089218.html |website=The New Indian Express |language=en |access-date=30 July 2024 |archive-date=30 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240730065731/https://adgebra.co.in/afpf/TPHtmlTemplate?p1=181&p2=null&p3=1&p6=6723&p7=0&p8=0&refUrl=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2020/Jan/14/tom-and-jerry-brings-nischith-and-chaitra-rao-together-2089218.html&p4=newindianexpress.com |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Sid Sriram]] made his Kannada debut through this film.<ref>{{Cite web |date=6 November 2020 |title=Sid Sriram croons for Kannada film 'Tom and Jerry' |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2020/Nov/21/sid-sriram-croons-for-kannada-film-tom-and-jerry-2225973.html |website=The New Indian Express |language=en |access-date=30 July 2024 |archive-date=30 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240730065727/https://www.newindianexpress.com/amp/story/entertainment/english/2024/Jul/30/new-star-trek-series-in-development |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=28 January 2020 |title=Singer Sid Sriram makes his debut in Sandalwood |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/singer-sid-sriram-makes-his-debut-in-sandalwood/articleshow/73698456.cms |work=The Times of India |access-date=30 July 2024 |archive-date=3 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240303050842/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/singer-sid-sriram-makes-his-debut-in-sandalwood/articleshow/73698456.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Release and reception==
The film was released on 12 November 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 November 2021 |title=This week's releases: 'Premam Poojyam', 'Tom and Jerry', and a string of other films |url=https://www.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/this-weeks-releases-premam-poojyam-tom-and-jerry-and-a-string-of-other-films/amp_etphotostory/87652592.cms |website=The Times of India |language=en |access-date=30 July 2024 |archive-date=30 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240730065727/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movies/news/this-weeks-releases-premam-poojyam-tom-and-jerry-and-a-string-of-other-films/amp_etphotostory/87652592.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=25 October 2021 |title=Release date of Kannada film 'Tom and Jerry' announced |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2021/Oct/25/release-date-of-tom-and-jerry-announced-2375263.html |website=The New Indian Express |language=en |access-date=30 July 2024 |archive-date=18 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118153715/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/kannada/2021/oct/25/release-date-of-tom-and-jerry-announced-2375263.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharadhaa |first=A. |date=8 November 2021 |title=Nischith Korodi: Being an actor, I want to be like water |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/kannada/interviews/2021/Nov/08/nischith-korodi-being-an-actor-i-want-to-be-like-water-27710.html |website=Cinema Express |language=en |access-date=30 July 2024 |archive-date=30 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240730065727/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/kannada/interviews/2021/Nov/08/nischith-korodi-being-an-actor-i-want-to-be-like-water-27710.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

A critic from ''[[The Times of India]]'' rated the film three out of five stars and wrote that "''Tom & Jerry'' is a tale that has ample promise and some good moments, but it falters".<ref>{{Cite news |date=12 November 2021 |title=Tom And Jerry Movie Review : A good story derailed by commercial elements |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movie-reviews/tom-and-jerry/movie-review/87665411.cms |work=The Times of India |access-date=30 July 2024 |archive-date=30 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240730065729/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/kannada/movie-reviews/tom-and-jerry/movie-review/87665411.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> A critic from ''[[The New Indian Express]]'' wrote that "overall ''Tom and Jerry'' makes it a one-time watch, and can definitely be enjoyed in the company of friends and family".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharadhaa |first=A. |date=13 November 2021 |title='Tom and Jerry' movie review: This friendship-based film is a one-time watch |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2021/Nov/13/tom-and-jerry-movie-review-this-friendship-based-film-is-a-one-time-watch-2382873.html |website=The New Indian Express |language=en |access-date=30 July 2024 |archive-date=30 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240730065728/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2021/Nov/13/tom-and-jerry-movie-review-this-friendship-based-film-is-a-one-time-watch-2382873.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title}}

[[Category:2021 romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:2021 Kannada-language films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:2021 Indian films]]

Sendhoora Devi

2026-03-03T05:03:00Z

DarellBabcock5: new new bio needs work!

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Sendhoora Devi
| image = Sendhoora Devi.jpg
| caption = DVD cover
| director = [[Rama Narayanan]]
| producer = N. Radha
| writer = Rama Narayanan Pugazhmani (dialogues)
| starring = {{ubl|[[Vivek (actor)|Vivek]]|[[Kanaka (actress)|Kanaka]]|[[Shamili]]}}
| music = [[Shankar–Ganesh]]
| cinematography = [[N. K. Viswanathan]]
| editing = Rajkeerthi
| distributor =
| studio = [[Sri Thenandal Films]]
| released = {{Film date|df=y|1991|06|22}}
| runtime = 125 minutes
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}

'''''Sendhoora Devi''''' (also spelled '''''Senthura Devi''''') is a 1991 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[Children's film|children's]] [[comedy drama]] film directed by [[Rama Narayanan]]. The film stars [[Vivek (actor)|Vivek]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 April 2023 |title=காமெடி நடிகராக மட்டுமல்லாமல் ஹீரோவாகவும் விவேக் கலக்கிய 5 படங்கள்.! |url=https://www.tamil360newz.com/5-films-in-which-vivek-acted-as-the-hero/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216092605/https://www.tamil360newz.com/5-films-in-which-vivek-acted-as-the-hero/ |archive-date=16 February 2024 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=Tamil360Newz |language=ta}}</ref> [[Kanaka (actress)|Kanaka]] and [[Shamili]], with [[Senthil]], [[Vennira Aadai Moorthy]], [[Kumarimuthu]] and [[Kitty (actor)|Kitty]] playing supporting roles. It was released on 22 June 1991.<ref>{{cite web |title=Senthura Devi ( 1991 ) |url=http://www.cinesouth.com/cgi-bin/filmography/allCast.cgi?id=1463 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041129071823/http://www.cinesouth.com/cgi-bin/filmography/allCast.cgi?id=1463 |archive-date=29 November 2004 |access-date=28 October 2016 |website=Cinesouth}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=22 June 2021 |title=ஜூன் 22ம் தேதியில் வெளியான திரைப்படங்கள்... |url=https://screen4screen.com/news/22-june-movies |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727091945/https://screen4screen.com/news/22-june-movies |archive-date=27 July 2021 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=Screen 4 Screen |language=Ta}}</ref>

== Plot ==

Sindhu and Nandu are twin sisters but they were raised separately with no knowledge of each other. Their parents got divorced a few years back. Sindhu lives with her mother Selvi and grandfather Somasundaram while Nandu lives with her father Gopal. Gopal is a popular veterinarian and has four animals in his house : the elephant Chellappa (fan of Super Star Rajinikanth), the dog Bhairavan (fan of Ulaga Nayagan Kamalahasan), the monkey Ramu (fan of Ungal Sathyaraj) and the horse Madurai Veeran(fan of Captain Vijayakanth). Nandu spends a lot of time with her animals, she considers them like her friends.

One day, the criminal Jagannath ask Gopal to put two tubes (containing top secret information) in his horses' belly. Jagannath has to send the horses to [[Hong Kong]] as soon as possible. Gopal refuses to perform surgery on horses in good health and he doesn't want to break the law. Jagannath has no other choice than to kidnap Gopal's daughter. Jagannath's henchmen kidnap both of his daughters and they lock them up in a room. Sindhu and Nandu realise that they are sisters, and flee away from the place thanks to Nandu's animals. The girls hide the tubes behind a huge [[Mariamman]] statue. The girls want to unite their parents, so the twins swap their places to convince their parents. In the meantime, Jagannath is urged to recover the tubes. What transpires next forms the rest of the story.

== Cast ==
{{cast listing|
*[[Vivek (actor)|Vivek]] as Gopal
*[[Kanaka (actress)|Kanaka]] as Selvi
*[[Shamili]] as Sindhu and Nandu
*[[Senthil]] as Vathalagundu Vaiyapuri
*[[Vennira Aadai Moorthy]] as Somasundaram, Selvi's father
*[[Kumarimuthu]] as Somasundaram's secretary
*[[Kitty (actor)|Kitty]] as Jagannath
*[[Bindu Ghosh]] as Devotee
*[[Sheela]]
*[[Kullamani]]
*Marthandan as Restaurant waiter
*Vignesh
*P. T. C
*[[Perarasu]] as Villager
*Sakkarai
*Kumar
*Vm. Manohar
}}

== Soundtrack ==
The soundtrack was composed by [[Shankar–Ganesh]], with lyrics written by [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Senthoora Devi Tamil Film Audio Cassette |url=https://mossymart.com/product/senthoora-devi-tamil-film-audio-cassette/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230605011227/https://mossymart.com/product/senthoora-devi-tamil-film-audio-cassette/ |archive-date=5 June 2023 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=Mossymart}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sendhoora Devi (1991) |url=https://www.raaga.com/tamil/album/Sendhoora-Devi-songs-T0003953 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240216091721/https://www.raaga.com/tamil/album/Sendhoora-Devi-songs-T0003953 |archive-date=16 February 2024 |access-date=16 February 2024 |website=[[Raaga.com]]}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! Song !! Singer(s) !! Duration
|-
| "Yeaka Yeaka" || [[M. S. Rajeswari]] || 5:26
|-
| "Enappan Allava" || Shakthi Shanmugam || 3:59
|-
| "Gangaimudhal" || [[S. P. Sailaja]] || 4:38
|-
| "Guruvaayour Keshava" || Baby Kalpana || 4:37
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title}}
{{Rama Narayanan}}

[[Category:1990s children's drama films]]
[[Category:1991 Indian films]]
[[Category:1991 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:1991 comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:1991 films]]
[[Category:Children's comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:Comedy of remarriage films]]
[[Category:Films about families]]
[[Category:Films about twin sisters]]
[[Category:Films directed by Rama Narayanan]]
[[Category:Films scored by Shankar–Ganesh]]
[[Category:Hindu devotional films]]
[[Category:Indian children's drama films]]
[[Category:Indian comedy-drama films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]
[[Category:Twins in Indian films]]

Doubles (2000 film)

2026-03-03T04:32:35Z

DarellBabcock5: small enhanced page per standard format additionally and added references

{{Short description|2000 Tamil comedy film}}
{{More plot|date=February 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| director = [[Pandiarajan]]
| writer = Pandiarajan
| producer = [[K. Rajan (producer)|K. Rajan]]
| starring = [[Prabhu Deva]] [[Meena (actress)|Meena]] [[Sangeetha Krish|Sangeetha]]
| cinematography = R. Raghunatha Reddy
| editing = [[B. Lenin]] [[V. T. Vijayan]]
| music = [[Srikanth Deva]]
| studio = K. R. P. Production
| released = {{Film date|df=y|2000|08|11}}
| runtime = 125 minutes
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}

'''''Doubles''''' is a 2000 Indian [[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language [[comedy film]] written and directed by [[Pandiarajan]], who also played a guest appearance in the film. Produced by [[K. Rajan (producer)|K. Rajan]], the film stars [[Prabhu Deva]], [[Meena (actress)|Meena]], and [[Sangeetha Krish|Sangeetha]], while [[Vivek (actor)|Vivek]], [[Manivannan]], and [[Kovai Sarala]] play supporting roles. The film's score and soundtrack are composed by debutant [[Srikanth Deva]]. The film was released on 11 August 2000.

== Plot ==
The movie starts projecting Prabhu as a shopkeeper who sells toys to kids. He does all possible crazy actions in the world, which really irritates everyone. He has many bad habits, such as drinking and smoking. Prabhu marries Meena, but she wants her husband to be like Sree Ram. Prabhu acts as if he is a nice guy and also gets caught a few times when he tries to overact. Sangeetha, Meena's close friend, comes and stays with Meena as she is doing her final year in Madras Medical College. Prabhu had earlier pinched Sangeetha's hip when she was travelling on a bus. He gets slapped by Sangeetha and was thrown from that bus before she meets him. Sangeetha takes the task of seducing Prabhu to prove that he is a womaniser to Meena and fails in many attempts. The film ends as Meena dies of jaundice and Prabhu realising that his true love was only for Meena. Sangeetha marries Ganapathy, who comes for one scene in the ending.

== Cast ==
{{Cast listing|
*[[Prabhu Deva]] as Prabhu
*[[Meena (actress)|Meena]] as Meena
*[[Sangeetha Krish|Sangeetha]] as Sangeetha
*[[Manivannan]] as Meena's father
*[[Vivek (actor)|Vivek]] as Vivek
*Prabhukanth as Rapist
*[[Ishari K. Ganesh]] as Ramki
*[[Shanmugasundaram]] as Sangeetha's father
*[[S. Rajasekar]] as Doctor
*[[Kovai Sarala]] as Meena's mother
*Laxmi Rattan as Doctor
*Yuvan Swang as Hotel worker
*Amirthalingam as Devotee
*Sharmili as Prostitute
*Roshini as Sangeetha's friend
*T. N. Raju as Aarthi, Prabhu's friend
*Rama Rao as Prabhu's friend
*Johnny as Prabhu's friend
*[[Sridhar (choreographer)|Sridhar]] as Prabhu's friend
*Japan Kumar as Prabhu's friend
*[[Udayaraj|Master Udayaraj]] as Vivek's son
*Shathiga as Vivek's daughter
*Deepa as Woman taking shower (uncredited role)
*Lekhasri in a special appearance
*[[K. Rajan (producer)|K. Rajan]] in a cameo appearance
*[[Pandiarajan]] as Ganapathy (cameo appearance)
}}

== Soundtrack ==
The soundtrack was composed by [[Srikanth Deva]], son of music composer [[Deva (composer)|Deva]], who made his debut as composer with this film.<ref name="indiainfo">{{Cite web |title=An unimpressive debut |url=http://movies.indiainfo.com/tamil/audio/doubles.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011211031106/http://movies.indiainfo.com/tamil/audio/doubles.html |archive-date=11 December 2001 |access-date=7 September 2024 |website=Indiainfo}}</ref> All lyrics were written by [[Vairamuthu]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 September 2000 |title=Doubles (Tamil) |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/doubles-tamil/2X71v,NW5oI_ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230707093025/https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/doubles-tamil/2X71v%2CNW5oI_ |archive-date=7 July 2023 |access-date=7 July 2023 |website=[[JioSaavn]]}}</ref> ''Indiainfo'' wrote the album "does not have any extraordinary songs" but Srikanth "shows a flair for mass-oriented music".<ref name="indiainfo" />

{{track listing
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 28:02
| title1 = Colourful Nilavu
| extra1 = [[Vasundhara Das]], Timmy
| length1 = 5:02
| title2 = Hey Pondattikkum
| extra2 = [[Sukhwinder Singh]], [[Sujatha Mohan]]
| note2 = 1
| length2 = 4:01
| title3 = Hey Pondattikkum
| extra3 = [[Devan Ekambaram]], Sujatha Mohan
| note3 = 2
| length3 = 4:01
| title4 = Adi Kadhal
| extra4 = [[P. Unnikrishnan]], [[Harini (singer)|Harini]]
| length4 = 5:17
| title5 = Rama Rama
| extra5 = [[Swarnalatha]], [[Anuradha Sriram]]
| length5 = 5:14
| title6 = Naan Ippo
| extra6 = [[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]]
| length6 = 4:27
}}

== Reception ==
''Tamil Star'' wrote, "Pandiyarajan seems confused about how to handle Doubles. The ultimate moral he has tried to convey through the movie is that one must be faithful to one's wife. But he doesn't seem to be clear on the story to convey it through, the tone to adopt, or even the character of the hero. So we get a movie with a one-line story that is chock-full of double entendres for the most part but ends with an attempt at cheap sentiments".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Movie: Doubles |url=http://www.tamilstar.com/reviews/doubles/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050824115703/http://www.tamilstar.com/reviews/doubles/ |archive-date=24 August 2005 |access-date=23 August 2022 |website=Tamil Star}}</ref> Krishna Chidambaram of ''[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]]'' wrote though the story is rather dull, the humorous touch throughout the film makes its presentation interesting.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=சிதம்பரம் |first=கிருஷ்ணா |date=27 August 2000 |title=டபுள்ஸ் |url=https://archive.org/details/kalki2000-08-27/page/n33/mode/2up |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230702114414/https://archive.org/details/kalki2000-08-27/page/n33/mode/2up |archive-date=2 July 2023 |access-date=2 July 2023 |magazine=[[Kalki (magazine)|Kalki]] |page=32 |language=ta |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> K. N. Vijiyan of ''[[New Straits Times]]'' called the film somewhat "disjoint" due to poor editing.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Vijiyan |first=K. N. |date=23 August 2000 |title=A disjointed comedy |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JlpIAAAAIBAJ&sjid=cCEEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5666%2C2564941 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240702121822/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JlpIAAAAIBAJ&sjid=cCEEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5666%2C2564941 |archive-date=2 July 2024 |access-date=19 January 2024 |work=[[New Straits Times]] |pages=Spot On 7 |via=[[Google News Archive]]}}</ref> Malathi Rangarajan of ''[[The Hindu]]'' wrote, "The film reminds you of a boat caught in a whirlpool, going in circles, unable to anchor. And eventually when it does it seems rather late, because by then you lose interest".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rangarajan |first=Malathi |date=17 August 2000 |title=Film Review: Doubles |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-miscellaneous/tp-others/film-review-doubles/article28038658.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250227163202/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-miscellaneous/tp-others/film-review-doubles/article28038658.ece |archive-date=27 February 2025 |access-date=27 February 2025 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb title}}
*{{Rotten Tomatoes}}

{{Pandiarajan}}

[[Category:2000 comedy films]]
[[Category:2000 films]]
[[Category:2000 Indian films]]
[[Category:2000 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:Films directed by Pandiarajan]]
[[Category:Films scored by Srikanth Deva]]
[[Category:Indian comedy films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language comedy films]]
[[Category:Tamil-language Indian films]]

Bapparaj

2026-02-28T09:50:16Z

DarellBabcock5: New - done

{{short description|Bangladeshi actor (born 1963)}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Bapparaj
| image =
| caption =
| native_name = বাপ্পারাজ
| native_name_lang = bn
| birth_name = Rezaul Karim
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1963|03|11|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Dhaka]] Bangladesh
| alma_mater =
| occupation = Actor, director, producer
| years_active = 1986–present
| parents = [[Abdur Razzak (actor)|Abdur Razzak]] (father)
| father =
}}
'''Rezaul Karim''' (born 11 March 1963)<ref name="birthday" /> known professionally as '''Bapparaj''', is a Bangladeshi actor, producer, and director who predominantly worked in [[Dhallywood|Dhallywood cinema]]. He is the son of Bangladeshi cinema's legendary actor[[Abdur Razzak (actor)|Nayak Raj Razzak]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Shazu |first=Shah Alam |date=24 March 2015 |title=Even the traffic police saluted me mistaking me for a real cop |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/arts-entertainment/interview/even-the-traffic-police-saluted-me-mistaking-me-real-cop-73535 |work=The Daily Star}}</ref> He has acted in more than 100 films and he is now busy with family business. He was referred to in the media as "'''Tragedy King'''" due to his frequent and popular roles as a love failure or tragic hero in various films. He made his debut in the Dhallywood industry with the film ''[[Chapa Dangar Bou]]'' (1986).<ref>{{Cite web |title=বাপ্পারাজের কী হলো- অভিনেতার রহস্যময় পোস্ট ঘিরে উদ্বিগ্ন ভক্তরা |url=https://www.ittefaq.com.bd/756458/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8B |access-date=2025-12-05 |website=The Daily Ittefaq |language=bn}}</ref>
Some of his the films that gave him popularity in his early stage of his career as lead actor include ''Dhaka 86'', ''Jiner Badshah'', ''Prem Shakti'', ''Judge Barrister'', ''Nishpap Bodhu'', ''Banglar Commando'', ''Ainer Haat'', ''Bish Bochor Pore'', & ''Bidrohi Bodhu''. Some of his notable films as a second hero include ''Raag Anurag'', ''Harano Prem'', ''Premgeet'', ''[[Gariber Sansar]]'', ''Sakkhor'', ''Ochol Poysa'', ''Hotta'', ''Ajker Sontrashi'', ''Birdohi Asami'', ''Tapossa'', ''Chakrani'', & ''Professor'' (1992).

==Early life==
Bapparaj was born as Rezaul Karim on 11 March to Bangladeshi actor [[Abdur Razzak (actor)|Abdur Razzak]] and Khayerun Nesa (Laxmi).<ref>{{cite news |script-title=bn:নায়করাজ রাজ্জাকের জন্মদিন |url=https://www.banglanews24.com/entertainment/news/bd/907560.details |access-date=11 March 2022 |work=banglanews24.com |date=23 January 2022 |language=bn |archive-date=17 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220417131331/https://www.banglanews24.com/entertainment/news/bd/907560.details |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="birthday">{{cite news |last1=কাদের |first1=মনজুর |script-title=bn:বাস্তবে প্রেমের টানে তো প্রেমিকা বিদেশ থেকে চলে আসছে |url=https://www.prothomalo.com/entertainment/entertainment-interview/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6-%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87 |access-date=11 March 2022 |work=Prothom Alo |language=bn |archive-date=11 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220311165231/https://www.prothomalo.com/entertainment/entertainment-interview/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6-%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Career==
[[Bangladeshi]] film actor Bapparaj has acted in more than 100 films, with actresses such as [[Shabnur]], [[Moushumi]], [[Shabnaz]], Lima, Sonia, [[Apu Biswas]], and [[Dilara Hanif Purnima|Purnima]], and alongside other actors such as [[Riaz (actor)|Riaz]], [[Amit Hasan]], [[Ferdous Ahmed|Ferdous]], [[Shakib Khan]] and [[Omar Sani|Omar Sunny]]. His career starting in Dhallywood cinema in 1986 with film ''Chapadangar Bou'', some of his hit films as a lead actor kept his prominence as a lead actor. These movies include ''Ma Jokhon Bicharok'', ''Amar Ontore Tumi'', ''Bissho Harami'', ''Premer Nam Bedona'', ''Mrithar Mrityu'', ''Koto Je Apon'', ''Sontan Jokhon Shotru'', ''Moron Niye Khela'', ''Premer Somadhi'' & ''Bhulona Amay''. Some of his successful films as a supporting character in these times from 1995 to 2000 include ''Tejjo Putro'', ''Buk Bhora Bhalobasha'', ''Kotha Dao'', ''[[Nirmom]]'', ''[[Baba Keno Chakor]]'', ''Tumi Je Amar'', ''Paglir Prem'', ''Durdanto Dapot'', ''Baba Keno Asami'', ''Bipod Songket'', ''Baba Keno Asami'', ''Parle Thekao'', ''Taji Sontan'', ''Andolon'', ''Chiro Shotru''.<ref>{{cite news |last=& Film |first=TV |date=22 June 2019 |title=Cinematic Journey |url=https://images.thedailystar.net/showbiz/through-the-eyes/news/bapparaj-1760476|work=The Daily Star}}</ref>

After 2000, like many top actors of the time, he took a hiatus from film industry due to lack of interest in films as his consent to vulgarity, copies of Indian films, bad storytelling, and piracy. However he was still able to perform in supporting characters in successful films like ''Iblish'', ''Jibon Shimante'', ''Bhalobasha Kare Koy'', ''Amar Shopno'', & ''Koti Takar Fakir''.<ref>{{cite news|last=& Entertaintment Desk|first=Arts|date=17 July 2023|title=Actor Bapparaj Cricizes journalists and celebrities|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/entertainment/tv-film/news/actor-bapparaj-criticises-journalists-and-celebrities-3371116|work=The Daily Star|archive-date=20 July 2023|access-date=5 June 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720030110/https://www.thedailystar.net/entertainment/tv-film/news/actor-bapparaj-criticises-journalists-and-celebrities-3371116|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Filmography==
{{Pending films key}}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
! Year !! Film !! Role
!Notes!! {{Abbr|Ref.|References}}
|-
| 1986 || ''[[Chapa Dangar Bou]]'' || Mahatap
|Debut film|| <ref name="na20Jul2018">{{cite news |title=Quality films can draw people to cinemas: Bapparaj |url=https://www.newagebd.net/article/46475/quality-films-can-draw-people-to-cinemas-bapparaj/article/articlelist/323/index.php |work=New Age |date=20 July 2018 |archive-date=28 November 2021 |access-date=28 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128165432/https://www.newagebd.net/article/46475/quality-films-can-draw-people-to-cinemas-bapparaj/article/articlelist/323/index.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="3" | 1988 || ''Dhaka 86'' || Sohan
| || <ref name=":86">{{cite news |title=Veteran filmmaker Shafiqur Rahman passes away |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/showtime/257198/veteran-filmmaker-shafiqur-rahman-passes-away |work=Dhaka Tribune |agency=UNB |date=2 September 2021}}</ref>
|-
|''Shakkhor''
|Pabla
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=সালতামামি ১৯৮৮: স্বাক্ষর, অমর, ভেজা চোখ ও নীতিবানের সাফল্যের বছর - বাংলা মুভি ডেটাবেজ |url=https://bmdb.co/%e0%a6%b8%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%b2%e0%a6%a4%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%ae%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%ae%e0%a6%bf-%e0%a7%a7%e0%a7%af%e0%a7%ae%e0%a7%ae-%e0%a6%b8%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%ac%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%95%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%b7%e0%a6%b0/ |access-date=2025-12-04 |language=bn-BD}}</ref>
|-
|''Raja Mistri''
|
|
|<ref name=":86" />
|-
| rowspan="2" |1990
| ''Jinner Badshah'' ||Ratan Miah
| || <ref>{{Cite web |title=জ্বীনের বাদশা |url=https://www.chorki.com/bn/movie/jiner-badsha |access-date=2025-12-04 |website=www.chorki.com |language=bn}}</ref>
|-
|''Shadhin''
|
|
|<ref name=":90">{{Cite web |date= |title=স্বাধীন (১৯৯০) সিনেমা |url=https://bmdb.co/%e0%a6%87%e0%a6%b2%e0%a6%bf%e0%a7%9f%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%b8-%e0%a6%95%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%9e%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%9a%e0%a6%a8-%e0%a6%95%e0%a7%87-%e0%a6%8f%e0%a6%ac%e0%a6%82-%e0%a6%95%e0%a7%87%e0%a6%a8/ |access-date=2025-12-04 |language=bn-BD}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" |1992
|''Dhongshon''
|Bappa
|
|<ref name=":90" />
|-
|''Ajker Hangama''
|Rana
|
|<ref name=":91">{{Cite web |date= |title=বাপ্পারাজ : একাই একশো - বাংলা মুভি ডেটাবেজ |url=https://bmdb.co/%e0%a6%ac%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%aa%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%aa%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%b0%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%9c-%e0%a6%8f%e0%a6%95%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%87-%e0%a6%8f%e0%a6%95%e0%a6%b6%e0%a7%8b/ |access-date=2025-12-04 |language=bn-BD}}</ref>
|-
|''Shanti Oshanti''
|
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shanti Oshanti {{!}} শান্তি অশান্তি – Bangladesh Film Archive |url=http://photo.bfa.gov.bd/product/shanti-oshanti-%e0%a6%b6%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%a8%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%a4%e0%a6%bf-%e0%a6%85%e0%a6%b6%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%a8%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%a4%e0%a6%bf/ |access-date=2025-12-04 |language=en-US}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=শান্তি অশান্তি – Bangladesh Film Archive |url=http://photo.bfa.gov.bd/product/%e0%a6%b6%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%a8%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%a4%e0%a6%bf-%e0%a6%85%e0%a6%b6%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%a8%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%a4%e0%a6%bf/ |access-date=2025-12-30 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|''Professor''
|
|
|<ref name=":91" />
|-
| rowspan="3" | 1993|| ''[[Prem Geet (1993 film)|Prem Geet]]''|| Vicky
|
|
|-
|''Prem Shakti''
|
|
|
|-
|''Jonom Dukhi''
|Ashik Ahmed
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=জনম দুখী - বাংলা মুভি ডেটাবেজবাংলা মুভি ডেটাবেজ |url=https://bmdb.com.bd/movie/2873/,%20https://bmdb.com.bd/movie/2873/ |access-date=2026-02-03 |website=bmdb.com.bd |language=bn-BD}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="5" | 1994|| ''Dakat''||
| ||
|-
|''Ainer Hat''
|
|
|
|-
|''Judge Barrister''
|
|
|
|-
|''Hotta''
|Tonny
|
|
|-
|''Bidrohi Bodhu''
|Rahul
|
|
|-
| rowspan="6" |1995
|''Boner Raja Tarzan''
|
|Remake of 1989 American TV series ''[[Tarzan in Manhattan]]''
|
|-
|''Rag Anurag''
|Mintu
|Remake of 1961 American film [[The Parent Trap (1961 film)|''The Parent Trap'']]
|
|-
|''Chakrani''
|Rana
|
|
|-
|''Andolon''
|[[Inspector]] Sohel
|
|
|-
|''Banglar Commando''
|Joy
|Remake of 1975 Hindi film ''[[Sholay]]''
|
|-
|''Hulia''
|Badshah
|
|
|-
| rowspan="11" |1996
| ''[[Nirmom]]''||Prince
| ||
|-
| ''Goriber Ostad'' || Rana
| ||
|-
|''Topossha''
|Dipu
|
|
|-
|''Akheri Mokabela''
|
|
|
|-
| ''[[Premer Somadhi]]'' || Bakul
| || <ref>{{cite news |title=Amit, Shabnaz, Bappa celebrate two eras of film Prem-er Somadhi |url=https://thedailynewnation.com/amit-shabnaz-bappa-celebrate-two-eras-of-film-prem-er-somadhi/ |work=The New Nation |date=12 February 2020 |archive-date=2 April 2024 |access-date=2 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240402014407/https://thedailynewnation.com/amit-shabnaz-bappa-celebrate-two-eras-of-film-prem-er-somadhi/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Gariber Sansar]]'' ||
| ||
|-
|''Baghini Konna''
|
|
|
|-
|''Harano Prem''
|
|
|
|-
| ''Amar Ontore Tumi'' || Agun
| ||
|-
|''Bidrohi Premik''
|
|
|
|-
| ''Ajker Sontrasi'' ||
| ||
|-
| rowspan="6" |1997
|''20 Bochor Por''
|
|
|
|-
|''Beimaner Shasti''
|
|
|
|-
|''Chiro Shotru''
|Rasel Raihan
|
|
|-
| ''[[Baba Keno Chakor]]'' ||
| || <ref name="na20Jul2018" />
|-
|''Kotha Daw''
|
|
|
|-
|''Koto Je Apon''
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="9" |1998
|''Doronto Premik''
|Raja / Juwel
|
|
|-
| ''Paglir Prem''||
| ||
|-
|''Bipod Songket''
|
|
|
|-
| ''Tejjo Putro''||
| ||
|-
| ''Protishruti'' || Rumi
| ||
|-
| ''Ma Jhokhon Bicharok'' ||
| ||
|-
|''Ochol Poisha''
|
|
|
|-
|''Mitthar Mrittu''
|
|
|
|-
|''Nishpap Bodhu''
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="8" |1999
|''Parle Thekao''
|
|
|
|-
|''Dordanto Dapot''
|
|
|
|-
|''Buk Bhora Bhalobasha''
|
|
|
|-
|''Goribrao Manush''
|
|
|
|-
|''Ekti Shongsharer Golpo''
|Tomal
|
|
|-
|''Vulona Amay''
|
|
|
|-
|''Bissho Harami''
|
|
|
|-
| ''Santan Jokhon Shatru'' ||
| Remake of 1985 Bangladeshi film ''Sot Bhai''||
|-
| rowspan="6" | 2000 || ''Sot Bhai'' ||
| Debut in Indian Bengali film; remake of 1985 Bangladeshi film ''Sot Bhai''||
|-
|''Tumi Je Amar''
|
|
|
|-
|''Teji Shontan''
|
|
|
|-
|''Baba Keno Ashami''
|
|
|
|-
|''Bidrohi Ashami''
|
|
|
|-
|''Premer Naam Bedona''
|Raja
|Remake of 1983 Bangladeshi film ''Bodnam''
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |2001|| ''Jabab Chai'' ||Koushal Chakraborty
| Indian Bengali film; remake of 1985 Bangladeshi film ''Ashikar''||
|-
|''Ghore Ghore Juddho''
|Sagor
|
|
|-
|''Moron Niye Khela''
|
|
|
|-
|''Iblish''
|
|Remake of 1958 American film ''[[The 7th Voyage of Sinbad]]''
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | 2002 || ''Bhalobasa Kare Koy''||
| ||
|-
|''Voyonkar Bodmash''
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2005
|''Jibon Shimante''
|
|
|
|-
|''Bhalobashar Juddho''
|
|
|
|-
|2007
|''Moner Shathe Juddho''
|
|Remake of 1996 Hindi film [[Jeet (1996 film)|''Jeet'']]
|
|-
|2008
|''Koti Takar Fokir''
|
|Remake of 1993 Hindi film [[Aankhen (1993 film)|''Aankhen'']]
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |2009
| ''Sobaito Bhalobasha Chay''||
| ||
|-
| ''O Sathi Re'' ||
| ||
|-
| ''Hridoy Theke Pawa'' ||
| Remake of 2002 American film ''[[John Q.]]''||
|-
| 2010 || ''Amar Shopno'' ||
| || <ref>{{cite news |title=Sahara's 'Aamar Swapno' releasing March 19 |work=The New Nation |date=11 March 2010}}</ref>
|-
| 2011 || ''Maa Amar Chokher Moni'' ||
| ||
|-
| 2012 || ''[[Most Welcome]]'' ||
| || <ref>{{cite news |title=Eid movies yet to be fixed |url=http://www.dhakamirror.com/cinema/bangla/eid-movies-yet-to-be-fixed/ |newspaper=Dhaka Mirror |archive-date=2018-09-17 |access-date=2015-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917143431/http://www.dhakamirror.com/cinema/bangla/eid-movies-yet-to-be-fixed/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|2015
|''Kartooz''
|
|Also as director
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2017
| ''Missed Call'' || Rana
| || <ref>{{cite news |script-title=bn:প্রেক্ষাগৃহে 'মিসডকল' ও 'ভুবন মাঝি' |trans-title='Missed Call' and 'Bhuvan Majhi' in theaters |url=https://bangla.bdnews24.com/glitz/article1297477.bdnews |work=bdnews24.com |date=3 March 2017 |language=bn}}</ref>
|-
|''Tukhor''
|Shihab
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=প্রতিবেদক |first=নিজস্ব |date=2017-01-19 |title=৬০টি প্রেক্ষাগৃহে 'তুখোড়' |url=https://www.prothomalo.com/entertainment/%E0%A7%AC%E0%A7%A6%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%87-%E2%80%98%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%8B%E0%A7%9C%E2%80%99 |access-date=2025-12-04 |website=Prothomalo |language=bn}}</ref>
|-
| 2018 || ''[[PoraMon 2]]'' || Norshed
| Remake of 2007 Tamil film ''[[Paruthiveeran]]''|| <ref>{{cite news |title=I've portrayed tragic heroes with conviction, that's why people love me: Bappa Raj |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/entertainment/tv-film/news/ive-portrayed-tragic-heroes-conviction-thats-why-people-love-me-bappa-raj-3455001 |work=The Daily Star |date=28 October 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title='Poramon 2' is not original! {{!}} The Asian Age Online, Bangladesh |url=https://dailyasianage.com/news/129431/poramon-2-is-not-original |access-date=2025-12-05 |website=The Asian Age |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2023
|''Flashback 71''
|Major Akbar
|Short film
|<ref name=":15">{{Cite web |title='ফ্ল্যাশব্যাক ৭১' দিয়ে ফিরলেন বাপ্পারাজ |url=https://www.itvbd.com/entertainment/dhallywood/119936/%E2%80%98%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95-%E0%A7%AD%E0%A7%A7%E2%80%99-%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%9F%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C |access-date=2025-12-04 |website=Independent Television |language=bn}}</ref>
|-
|{{TBA}}
|{{Pending film|Biday}}
|Chairman
|Filming
|<ref>{{Cite web |date= |title=বাপ্পারাজের সঙ্গে দীঘি, সুনামগঞ্জে চলছে শুটিং |url=https://www.kalerkantho.com/online/entertainment/2025/10/21/1594820 |access-date=2025-12-04 |website=www.kalerkantho.com}}</ref>
|-
|{{TBA}}
|{{Pending film|[[Jibon Jontrona]]}}
|{{TBA}}
|Completed
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-02 |title=মুক্তি পাচ্ছে মান্নার সিনেমা 'জীবন যন্ত্রণা |url=https://dainikbdnews.com/mukti-pacche-mannar-sinema-jibon-jontrna/ |access-date=2025-12-04 |language=bn-BD}}</ref>
|-
|{{TBA}}
|{{Pending film|Secret Agent}}
|{{TBA}}
|Post-production
|<ref name=":15" />
|}

=== Television ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Year
!Title
!Role
!Director
!Notes
!{{Abbr|Ref.|References}}
|-
|2004
|''Sritisotta''
|Ayon
|[[Khalid Mahmood Mithu]]
|Television drama on [[BTV (Bangladesh)|BTV]]
|
|-
|2025
|''Rokto Rin''
|Sayem Jabbar
|Mostofa Khan Shihan
|First Web Series
|<ref>{{Cite web |script-title=bn:এবার 'রক্ত ঋণ' নামে নতন সিরিজে বাপ্পারাজ্ |url=https://sangbadsangjog.com/news/107648 |access-date=2025-02-21 |language=bn |archive-date=2025-02-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250209083623/https://sangbadsangjog.com/news/107648 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|}

===Director===

{| class="wikitable"
|+As director
!Year
!Title
!Director
!Producer
!Notes
!Ref.
|-
| rowspan="2" |2014
|''Kacher Manush Rater Manush''
|{{Yes}}
|{{No}}
|TV drama
|<ref name="ds1Mar2015"/>
|-
|''Ekjon Lekhok''
|{{Yes}}
|{{No}}
|TV drama
|
|-
|2015
|''Kartooz''
|{{Yes}}
|{{No}}
|Debut film as director
|<ref name="ds1Mar2015">{{cite news |title=Bapparaj's directorial debut 'Kartuz' hits theatres on March 6 |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/arts-entertainment/bapparajs-directorial-debut-kartuz-hits-theatres-march-6-4411 |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=1 March 2015 |archive-date=3 June 2016 |access-date=11 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603004418/http://www.thedailystar.net/arts-entertainment/bapparajs-directorial-debut-kartuz-hits-theatres-march-6-4411 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=NIPUN Back to the Silver Screen |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/showbiz/grapevine/nipun-back-the-silver-screen-71211 |newspaper=The Daily Star |archive-date=2015-04-29 |access-date=2015-09-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150429182601/http://www.thedailystar.net/showbiz/grapevine/nipun-back-the-silver-screen-71211 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|TBA
|''Tarchera''
|{{Yes}}
|{{Yes}}
|Filming
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=July 2017 |title=Bapparaj to start making his second film |url=https://www.daily-sun.com/post/243494/Bapparaj-to-start-making-his-second-film-- |access-date=2025-01-30 |work=Daily Sun |language=en}}</ref>
|}

==See also==
* [[Cinema of Bangladesh]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|id=5282104}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi male film actors]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi male television actors]]
[[Category:1963 births]]

St. Aloysius PU College, Harihar

2026-02-22T18:06:00Z

DarellBabcock5: new new details nd citations

{{more citations needed|date=December 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2019}}
{{Infobox school
| name = St. Aloysius PU College, Harihar
| native_name =
| image =
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| logo = StAloyHar.png
| motto = Shine to Enkindle
| type = [[Jesuit]], [[Catholic church|Catholic]]
| status =
| gender = Coeducational
| denomination =
| affiliation =
| affiliations = 
| administrator =
| assst_admin =
| rector = Dionysius Vaz
| director =
| president =
| principal = Santhosh Fernandes
| asst principal =
| dean =
| headmaster =
| staff = 17
| teaching_staff =
| enrollment =
| grades = 11 & 12
| tuition =
| established = {{Start date and age|2005}}<ref>[http://indiancatholiconline.com/Institution/Details/34184?it=e&iti=71&dn=Shimoga&pn=Harihar Diocese. Accessed 16 August 2016.]</ref>
| address =
| city = Amaravathi Village, [[Harihar]], [[Karnataka]], [[India]]
| state =
| province =
| country =
| accreditation =
| campus =
| colors =
| athletics =
| nickname =
| mascot =
| yearbook =
| publication =
| newspaper =
| national_ranking =
| free_label1 =
| free_text1 =
| free_label2 =
| free_text2 =
| free_label3 =
| free_text3 =
| website = [http://sapucharihar.com St. Aloysius PU College]
| picture =
| picture_caption =
}}
'''St. Aloysius PU College, Harihar''' is a [[Catholic school|Catholic]] [[pre-university course|pre-university college]] in [[Harihar]], [[Karnataka]] administered by the [[Mangalore]] [[Society of Jesus|Jesuit]] Educational Society. It is dedicated to St. [[Aloysius Gonzaga]].

==History==
St. Aloysius Pre-University College is a sister concern of [[St. Aloysius College (Mangalore)|St. Aloysius College]], also administered by the Mangalore Jesuit Educational Society. After June 2005 the college was housed at a premises provided by the Maria Nivas School in Harihar. Since May 2009, it has been housed in Amaravathi.{{citation needed|date=February 2019}}

==See also==
* [[List of Jesuit sites]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Coord|14|30|53.75|N|75|49|27.58|E|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Saint Aloysius PU College, Harihar}}
[[Category:Jesuit universities and colleges in India]]
[[Category:Pre-university colleges in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges in Davanagere district]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 2005]]
[[Category:2005 establishments in Karnataka]]

Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini

2026-02-18T10:01:22Z

DarellBabcock5: Page updated with additional details

{{Short description|Indian not-for-profit organisation}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2016}}
{{Infobox organization
| name = Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini
| image = Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini.jpg
| type = [[Charitable Trust]] of [[India]]
| founded_date = 1982
| registration_id = Registration No. 618 Bom./82
| founder =
| key_people = [[Devendra Fadnavis]],
[[Vinay Sahasrabuddhe]]
| location = [[Mumbai]], [[Thane]], [[Pune]], [[New Delhi]]
| focus = *[[Politician|Government Leadership]]
*[[wikt:statesmanship|Statesmanship]]
*[[Law|Law Making]]
| homepage = {{URL|http://www.rmponweb.org}}
|leader_title=Chairman
|leader_name= Devendra Fadnavis
}}
'''Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini''' is a not-for-profit organisation established in memory of the [[Rambhau Mhalgi]].<ref>Keshav Srushti, [https://keshavsrushti.com/Home/KSCRambhauMhalgiPrabodhini "Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini"]</ref> Established in 1982, RMP is a learning and research organisation for [[Politician|government leadership]] aspirants and current [[Politician|government leader]]s of [[India]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/mumbai-news/bjp-linked-institute-in-mumbai-launches-pg-course-on-indian-politics/story-BTbW9tgb1nEfR8h4uzzVtN.html|title=BJP-linked institute in Mumbai launches PG course on Indian politics|date=2017-06-01|publisher=Hindustan Times|language=en|access-date=2020-04-07}}</ref> RMP has been granted special consultative status by the [[United Nations Economic and Social Council]].<ref name="Badwe">{{Cite web |last=Badwe |first=Akshay |title=Devendra Fadnavis now new President of Rambhau Mhalgi Pramodhini |url=https://www.thebridgechronicle.com/news/maharashtra/devendra-fadnavis-now-new-president-of-rambhau-mhalgi-pramodhini |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=The Bridge Chronicle |date=14 March 2021 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=TRIFED signs MoU with Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini to leverage knowledge, expertise & institutional strengths |url=https://newsonair.gov.in/Main-News-Details.aspx?title=TRIFED-signs-MoU-with-Rambhau-Mhalgi-Prabodhini-to-leverage-knowledge,-expertise-&-institutional-strengths&id=432453 |access-date=2022-03-10 |website=newsonair.gov.in}}</ref> The organization operates nationally through its offices in Delhi,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oneindia.com/india/bjp-plans-rambhau-mhalgi-prabodhinis-branch-near-delhi-2751824.html|title=BJP plans Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini's branch near Delhi!|last=Vinod|date=2018-08-08|work=Oneindia|language=en|access-date=2020-04-07}}</ref> Pune, Mumbai, and its headquarters in Thane.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/mumbai/gadkari-rues-lack-of-ideology/article24315293.ece|title=Gadkari rues lack of ideology|date=2018-07-03|work=The Hindu|access-date=2020-04-07|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> Since its establishment in 1982, RMP has trained many [[politician|government leaders]].<ref name="Badwe"/>

RMP is often linked with the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] and right-wing [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh]] outfit.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Mohan|first=Archis|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/politics/future-bjp-leadership-trained-at-plush-institute-115062100957_1.html|title=Future BJP leadership trained at plush institute|date=2015-06-21|work=Business Standard India|access-date=2020-04-07}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newswire/story/soon-rss-led-institute-to-start-nine-month-course-for-would-be-politicians/971167|title=RSS-Led Institute Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini To Start Course For Would-Be Politicians|last=|first=|date=|website=OutlookIndia|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theprint.in/politics/rss-linked-institute-feeding-aspiring-netas-to-bjps-karnataka-war-room/54699/|title=How an RSS-linked institute is feeding aspiring netas to BJP's Karnataka war room|last=Kausika|first=Pragya|date=May 3, 2018|publisher=theprint.in|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=April 7, 2020}}</ref> It is a recognized research centre by [[University of Mumbai|Mumbai University]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-rss-linked-organisation-is-now-mumbai-university-s-research-institute-2267281|title=RSS-linked organisation is now Mumbai University's research institute|last=Srivastava|first=Kanchan|date=2016-10-25|publisher=DNA India|language=en|access-date=2020-04-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.loksatta.com/mumbai-news/rambhau-mhalagi-prabodhinis-presence-in-the-absence-of-students-abn-97-2106142/|title='रामभाऊ म्हाळगी प्रबोधिनी'चा हजेरीपट विद्यार्थ्यांअभावी कोराच|date=2020-03-13|website=Loksatta|language=mr-IN|access-date=2020-04-07}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Rambhau Mhalgi.jpg|thumb|left|Rambhau Mhalgi]]
RMP [[Politics|government leadership]] training mission was implemented first at the behest of parliamentarian [[Rambhau Mhalgi]]. Mhalgi was influenced by RSS thinker and BJP leader [[Deendayal Upadhyaya]], who had conceived the idea of a learning establishment for [[Politician|government leadership]] aspirants and current [[Politician|government leader]]s of [[India]].<ref name=":1" /> In 1982, [[Pramod Mahajan]], senior BJP leader, opened Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini at [[Keshav Srushti]] campus at [[Uttan|Uttan village]], near [[Mira-Bhayandar|Bhayandar]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theprint.in/opinion/why-indias-opposition-parties-dont-have-good-orators/259962/|title=Why India's opposition parties don't have good orators|last=Vij|first=Shivam|date=2019-07-08|website=ThePrint|language=en-US|access-date=2020-04-07}}</ref><ref>Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini, [https://www.inditales.com/rambhau-mhalgi-prabodhini-mumbai/ "Inditales"]</ref>

In January 2020, the [[Indian National Congress|Congress party]] objected to training government officials at RMP citing right-wing political leaning of RMP.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://maharashtratimes.com/maharashtra/mumbai-news/senior-officers-in-mumbai-university-are-getting-training-in-rambhau-mhalgi-prabodhini-congress-objected/articleshow/73812396.cms|title='म्हाळगी प्रबोधिनी'मध्ये अधिकाऱ्यांना धडे; काँग्रेसचा आक्षेप|website=Maharashtra Times|language=mr|access-date=2020-04-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/cover-story/mumbai-university-calls-off-staff-training-at-rss-led-institute/articleshow/73857888.cms|title=Mumbai University calls off staff training at RSS-led institute|last1=Dhupkar|first1=Alka|last2=Gaikwad|first2=Rahi|website=Mumbai Mirror|language=en|access-date=2020-04-07|date=Feb 2, 2020}}</ref>
==Studies==

[[Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini]] has undertaken field-based research programmes on socio-political and internal security issues. Among these was an on-the-spot study of the [[Salwa Judum]]<ref>{{Citation |title=Salwa Judum |date=2026-01-30 |work=Wikipedia |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salwa_Judum&oldid=1335611557 |access-date=2026-02-18 |language=en}}</ref> movement in [[Chhattisgarh]] carried out by a multidisciplinary team of researchers and media professionals. The study sought to document conditions in affected regions and understand local responses to the anti-[[Naxalism|Naxalite]] mobilisation. Participants visited villages and relief camps as part of the field assessment. The team included [[journalist]] Sarita Kaushik, who had reported extensively from central [[India]]. The findings were compiled as part of the organisation’s [[research]] and [[documentation]] activities.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-26 |title=Research Papers Published - Rambhau Mhalgi Prabodhini |url=https://rmponweb.org/research-papers-published/ |access-date=2026-02-18 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=https://byjus.com/ias-hindi/salwa-judum-in-hindi/ |url=https://byjus.com/ias-hindi/salwa-judum-in-hindi/ |access-date=2026-02-18 |website=BYJUS |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Manish |date=2025-06-07 |title=Salwa Judum case: Legislative workaround and limits of contempt power |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/explainers/2025/Jun/07/salwa-judum-case-legislative-workaround-and-limits-of-contempt-power |access-date=2026-02-18 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-08-23 |title=A look at rise and fall of Salwa Judum amid Amit Shah’s Naxalism barb at Oppn’s Vice-President candidate |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/salwa-judum-amit-shah-naxalism-barb-oppn-vice-president-10206982/ |access-date=2026-02-18 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Bureau |first=The Hindu |date=2025-08-25 |title=Jurists pan Home Minister Amit Shah for his remarks on Salwa Judum judgment |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/unfortunate-prejudicial-misinterpretation-retired-judges-slam-amit-shahs-remarks-on-sudershan-reddy/article69973873.ece |access-date=2026-02-18 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{official website|https://www.rmponweb.org}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Organizations established in 1982]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Leadership training]]
[[Category:Democracy]]
[[Category:Governance]]
[[Category:1982 establishments in Maharashtra]]

Tapasya Nayak Srivastava

2026-02-12T03:12:15Z

DarellBabcock5: new some pg needs work!

{{short description|Indian television actress}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Tapasya S. Nayak
| image = Tapasya Nayak (cropped).jpg
| caption = Tapasya Nayak in 2014
| citizenship = Indian
| occupation = [[Actress]]
| height_ft = 5
| height_in = 6
| website = https://www.instagram.com/tapasya.s.nayak/
| birth_place = [[Nagaon]], Assam, India
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1986|02|13|df=y}}
}}

'''Tapasya Nayak''' is an Indian television actress. She is known for appearing in the television serial ''[[Chakravartin Ashoka Samrat]]'' as Ahankara's mother Queen Nihaarika. She has worked in many other serials of [[Sony SAB]] such as ''[[Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah]]'',<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.tellychakkar.com/tv/tv-news/tapasya-nayak-enter-taarak-mehta |work= tellychakkar.com |title= Tapasya Nayak to enter Taarak Mehta ka Ooltah Chashma |access-date= 11 February 2018 |archive-date= 3 August 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210803162551/https://www.tellychakkar.com/tv/tv-news/tapasya-nayak-enter-taarak-mehta |url-status= dead }}</ref> ''[[Chidiya Ghar]]'' and ''[[Pritam Pyare Aur Woh]]''.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/Tapasya-Nayak-joins-Rajesh-Kumar-in-Optimystixs-next-on-SAB-TV/articleshow/28440903.cms |newspaper=The Times of India |title=Tapasya Nayak joins Rajesh Kumar in Optimystix's next | date=5 January 2014 | first=Tejashree | last=Bhopatkar | accessdate=24 February 2019 }}</ref>

== Television ==
Tapasya Nayak began her television career in 2013 with cameo roles in the Sony SAB series ''[[Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah]]'', portraying characters Bharti and Preethi (Vicky's girlfriend).

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Title !! Role !! Channel !! Notes
|-
|''[[Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah]]'' || Bharti || [[Sony SAB]] || Cameo
|-
|''[[Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah]]'' || Preethi (Vicky's girlfriend) || [[Sony SAB]] || Cameo
|-
|''[[Pritam Pyare Aur Woh]]'' || Mary D'Souza || [[Sony SAB]]|| Lead role
|-
|''[[Chidiya Ghar]]'' || Kitti || Sony SAB ||
|-
|''[[Chakravartin Ashoka Samrat]]'' || Queen Niharika (Ahankara's mother) || [[Colors TV]] ||
|-
| ''[[Savdhaan India]]'' || Kusum || [[Life OK]] || S55 E19
|-
| ''[[Dr. Bhanumati On Duty]]'' || Jr. Dr. Sonia || [[Sony SAB]]|| Side role
|-
| ''[[Adaalat (TV series)|Adaalat]]'' || Suzanne Sequiera || [[Sony TV]] ||
Episodic role
|-
| ''[[Bhanwar (1998 TV series)|Bhanwar]]'' ||Uma & Kareena|| Sony TV|| Episode 11 & 32
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|nm5560405}}
* [https://www.instagram.com/tapasya.s.nayak/ Tapasya S Nayak at Instagram]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nayak Tapasya}}
[[Category:Actresses from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian soap opera actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses in Hindi television]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:1986 births]]

Jai Zharotia

2026-02-07T23:00:22Z

DarellBabcock5: Starting a data v1!

{{Short description|Indian painter and artist (1945–2021)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2023}}
{{Infobox artist
| name = Jai Zharotia
| image = File:Jai Zharotia.jpg
| caption = Jai Zharotia in 2017
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 1945
| birth_place = [[New Delhi]], [[India]]
| death_date = 27 March 2021
| death_place =
| education =
| awards =
| website =
| known_for = Paintings, drawings, ceramics and poetry
| spouse = Kanta Zharotia
}}

'''Jai Zharotia''' (1945 - 27 March 2021) was an Indian painter and artist.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Master of wit and satire Jai Zharotia passes away|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/delhi/2021/mar/29/master-of-wit-and-satire-passes-away-2282882.html|access-date=2021-11-15|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-04-08|title=Cut and Thrust of Expression|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/art-and-culture/cut-and-thrust-of-expression/|access-date=2021-11-15|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Mendiratta">{{Cite news|last=Mendiratta|first=Navneet|date=2006-12-30|title=Web of dreams and desires|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/web-of-dreams-and-desires-106123001052_1.html|access-date=2021-11-15}}</ref> He was awarded the [[Sahitya Kala Parishad|Sahitya Kala Parishad Award]] and he was a recipient of the National Award of the [[Lalit Kala Akademi]].<ref name=":0" /> He was also a printmaker and sculptor and had also a special interest in [[poetry]] and wrote in Hindi.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Jai Zharotia {{!}} JNAF|url=https://jnaf.org/artist/jai-zharotia/|access-date=2021-11-15|website=jnaf.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|date=15 October 1995 |title=Art exhibitions in Bombay, New Delhi and Calcutta|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/your-week/story/19950915-art-exhibitions-in-bombay-new-delhi-and-calcutta-808478-1995-10-15|access-date=2021-11-15|magazine=India Today|language=en}}</ref>

== Biography ==
Zharotia was born in 1945 in [[New Delhi]].<ref name="Mendiratta"/> He graduated in fine arts from the [[College of Art, Delhi|Delhi College of Art]].<ref name=":1" /> He served as an art teacher at the Bal Bhavan before becoming a lecturer at Alma Mater in 1974.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-12-27|title=25 contemporary pieces by Indian artists that cost a lakh or less|url=https://www.vogue.in/magazine-story/25-contemporary-pieces-by-indian-artists-that-cost-a-lakh-or-less/|access-date=2021-11-15|website=Vogue India|language=en-IN}}</ref> After a couple of years he became a professor and head of the painting department at the same university in 2005.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Relia|first=Anil|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=00ziDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1945|title=The Indian Portrait - 11|date=2020-03-03|publisher=Archer Art Gallery|isbn=978-81-942993-0-1|language=en}}</ref>

Zharotia died on 27 March 2021, due to cardiac arrest.<ref name=":0" />

== Work ==
Zharotia's work has been represented in the collection of the [[National Gallery of Modern Art|National Gallery of Modern Art, Delhi]], [[Lalit Kala Akademi]], and [[Sahitya Kala Parishad]].<ref name=":0" /> Zharotia was also known for illustrating short stories by [[Nirmal Verma]] and Bertold Brecht.<ref name=":0" /> He took keen interest in poetry and wrote in Hindi. Zharotia was frequently involved in children's educational projects as an educationist.<ref name=":0" /> In his works, a series of icons that are drawn from the physical world, which, when interpreted by him, change almost magically representing a world that exists only in the furthest reaches of his imagination.<ref name=":0" /> His works feature clowns, jugglers and puppeteers that reveal his empathy for the tragicomic figures.<ref name=":0" />

=== Luqman series ===
Luqman Ali is another fascinated character, fictitious and yet so real. Luqman was invented by the poet [[Soumitra Mohan]] as a character perpetually in search of himself. By way of fantasy, Luqman attempts to overcome childhood fears, his inadequacies, and contradictions. Luqman is hero and villain, active and passive, with positive and negative shades, challenged by mysterious forces and unknown enemies. Often hounded by his own shadow and apparition, he tries but fails to cut his desire with a sword or protect his moral life through sheer physical power. A trickster of sorts, a dreamer at times, Luqman for Jai represents the duality of life, the friction between good and evil, escapes and surrender.<ref>{{Cite web|author=NH Web Desk|date=2021-10-11|title=First edition of Jai Imprint launched to celebrate life and work of versatile painter and poet Jai Zharotia|url=https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/art/first-edition-of-jai-imprint-launched-to-celebrate-life-and-work-of-versatile-painter-and-poet-jai-zharotia|access-date=2021-11-24|website=National Herald|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Jai Zharotia {{!}} Luqman (2018) {{!}} Available for Sale {{!}} Artsy|url=https://www.artsy.net/artwork/jai-zharotia-luqman|access-date=2021-11-24|website=www.artsy.net}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Zharotia, Jai}}
[[Category:1945 births]]
[[Category:2021 deaths]]
[[Category:Artists from New Delhi]]
[[Category:Indian male sculptors]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian sculptors]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian sculptors]]
[[Category:Indian male painters]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian painters]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male artists]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male artists]]

Bommalattam (TV series)

2026-02-04T20:51:01Z

DarellBabcock5: basic update section for consistency additionally and corrected details

{{Short description|Indian soap opera}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Bommalattam Serial.jpg
| caption =
| genre = Soap opera
| creator =
| based_on =
| writer = {{plainlist|
*Thavamani Vaseegaran
*S.Selvam (dialogues)
}}
| screenplay = {{plainlist|
*K.Vivek Shankar
*Selvam
}}
| story = Ezhisur Aravindhan
| creative_director = [[A.Guru Bharan]]
| director = {{plainlist|
*Shiva.K (1–350)
*S.Haribabu (351–543)
*G.Stalin (543–750)
*S.Anand Babu (751–1150)
}}
| starring = {{plainlist|
*Sirija
*[[Shreekumar]]
*Mohammed Absar
*Preethi Sanjeev
*[[Delhi Kumar]]
*[[Kathadi Ramamurthy]]
*Barath
*Gowri Lakshmi
*Apsara
*Sukumaran Sairam
*Surendhar Raaj
}}
| country = India
| language = Tamil
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 1150
| list_episodes =
| producer = San Media Limited
| company = San Media Limited Vision Time India Private Limited
| theme_music_composer = [[Dhina]]
| opentheme = Bommalattam Ellam Bommalattam with vocals by [[Haricharan]] and lyrics by [[Vairamuthu]]
| cinematography = S.Shankar
| editor = {{plainlist|
*C.S.Rajapradeep
*Kondal Rao
 Muralikrishnan
}}
| camera = [[Multi-camera]]
| runtime = 20–22 minutes
| channel = [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]
| first_aired = {{start date|df=yes|2012|10|15}}
| last_aired = {{end date|df=yes|2016|10|22}}
}}
{{Contains special characters|Tamil}}

'''''Bommalattam''''' ({{Translation| The Puppet show}}) was a 2012 Indian-[[Tamil language|Tamil]]-language soap opera that aired on [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]] from 15 October 2012 to 22 October 2016 for 1,150 episodes. The show starred Sirija, [[Shreekumar]], Mohammed Absar and Preethi Sanjeev.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sunnetwork.in/program-details.aspx?IProgramID=EvwkWibdE9Y=&ShowType=Category|title=SunNetwork – Program Detail|publisher=}}</ref>

The serial was produced by San Media Limited and Vision Time India Private Limited and directed by Shiva.K and Stalin. The title track was composed by [[Dhina]] and sung by [[Haricharan]] with lyrics by [[Vairamuthu]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tamil.filmibeat.com/television/glamour-re-enters-bommalattam-serial-176485.html|title=Bommalattam serial on Sun TV|website=tamil.filmibeat.com|date=3 June 2013 |accessdate=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://thamizhthodar.blogspot.com/search/label/Bommalattam|title=New serial as Bommalattam|website=tamil.filmibeat.com|accessdate=}}{{Dead link|date=October 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://tamil.filmibeat.com/television/bommalattam-makes-curious-turning-points-189738.html|title=Bommalattam serial photos|website=Oneindia|date=17 December 2013 |access-date=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://tamil.filmibeat.com/television/sun-tv-bommalattam-serial-turning-point-barathi-life-040610.html|title=பொம்மலாட்டம் பாரதியின் வாழ்க்கை என்னவாகும்? சன் டிவி ரசிகர்களின் எதிர்பார்ப்பு|website=tamil.filmibeat.com|date=17 June 2016 |accessdate=}}</ref> The serial revolves around Bharathi who is in love with Kathir. But, fate makes Bharathi marry Santhosh, a rich playboy and Kathir marry Santhosh's sister, Devi. Santhosh and Devi are the spoilt children of Chidambaram Periyasamy, a business tycoon.

==Cast==
===Main cast===
{{div col}}
* Shreekumar Ganesh as Santhosh Chidambaram, Bharathi's husband, Chidambaram's son, Devi's brother, Rajesh's cousin brother
* Sirija as Bharathi Santhosh, Santhosh's wife, Kathir's ex lover, Chidambaram's daughter-in-law
* Mohammed Absar as Kathir alias Madhan, Devi's husband, Bharathi's ex lover
* Preethi Sanjeev as Devi Kathir, Kathir's wife, Chidambaram's daughter, Santhosh's Sister, Rajesh's cousin sister
* Bharath Guru as Rajesh Natrajan, Natrajan and Sivagami's son, Malathi's husband, Malliga's ex fiance but then husband, Santhosh and Devi's cousin brother
* Gowri Lakshmi as Malathi Rajesh, Rajesh's wife, Dhandapani and Kokila's second daughter, Bharathi, Saravanan and Mahathi's sister (Main Antagonist)
{{div col end}}

===Supporting cast===
{{div col}}
* [[Delhi Kumar]] as Chidambaram Periyasamy, Santhosh and Devi's father, Kathir and Bharathi's father-in-law, Natrajan's brother
* Sukumaran Sairam as Natrajan Periyasamy (Main Antagonist), Chidambaram's brother, Sivagami's husband, Rajesh's father
* Magima as Shivagami Natrajan, Natrajan's wife, Rajesh's mother
* [[Kathadi Ramamurthy]] as Badrinarayanan, Chidambaram's best friend
* Apsara as Malliga, Rajesh's ex fiance but then wife, Ram's sister
* Surendhar Raaj as Ram aka Seetharaman, Kathir's friend, Malar's husband, Malliga's brother
* Dhesikha as Malar aka Malarvizhi Seetharaman, Ram's wife
* Sasi as Saravanan, Bharathi, Malathi and Mahathi's brother, Dhandapani and Kokila's son
* Vithiya as Mahathi, Bharathi, Saravanan and Malathi's sister, Dhandapani and Kokila's youngest daughter
* [[Vijay Krishnaraj]] as Dhandapani, Bharathi, Saravanan, Malathi and Mahathi's father
* Sheela as Kokila Dhandapani, Bharathi, Saravanan, Malathi and Mahathi's mother, Dhandapani's wife
* Moorthy Arumugam
* Chandira Segaran
* T Rajeshwari as Rajeshwari
* Vincent Roy
* Jayaprakash as Malaichaamy
* OAK Sundar as Murugesan
* [[B. Lenin|Lenin Anpan]]
* [[Divya Krishnan]] as Sophie
{{div col end}}

===Former cast===
* [[Ganeshkar]] as Bhoopathi
* Bhavana as Srilatha/ Durga
* Nisha as Tara

==Original soundtrack==

===Title song===
It was written by [[Vairamuthu]], composed by the [[Dhina]]. It was sung by [[Haricharan]].

===Soundtrack===
{{tracklist
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = Bommalaatam Ellam Bommalaatam (பொம்மலாட்டம் எல்லாம்)
| lyrics1 = [[Vairamuthu]]
| extra1 = [[Haricharan]]
| length1 = 3:22
| title2 = Uravai Thulaitha Oruvan (உறவை துளைத்த ஒருவன்)
| lyrics2 =
| extra2 =
| length2 = 4:23
}}

==Production==
The series was directed by Shiva.K and Stalin. It was produced by San Media Limited, along with the production crew of [[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]] Serials (2004-2016) [[Ahalya (TV series)|Ahalya]] (2004-2006), Bandham (2006-2009) & [[Uravugal]] (2009-2012)

== Awards and nominations ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Award !! Category !! Recipient !! Role !! Result
|-
| rowspan="5" | 2014
| rowspan="5" | [[Sun Kudumbam Awards]]
| [[Sun Kudumbam Awards|Best Daughter-in-law]]
| Sirija
| Bharathi
| {{Won}}
|-
| Best Male Negative Role
| Sai Ram
| Natarajan
| {{Won}}
|-
| [[Sun Kudumbam Awards|Best Couple]]
| Sirija & [[Shreekumar]]
| Bharathi & Santhosh
| {{Nom}}
|-
| Best Supporting Actor
| [[Kathadi Ramamurthy]]
| Badri
| {{Nom}}
|-
| Best Screenwriter
| Selvam
|
| {{Nom}}
|}

==See also==
* [[List of programs broadcast by Sun TV]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20141007220928/http://www.suntvnetwork.in/tv-channel-details.aspx?Channelid=1&channelname=SUN%20TV&LanguageID=1&Type=q Official Website] {{in lang|en}}

{{Sun TV shows}}

[[Category:Sun TV original programming]]
[[Category:Tamil-language romance television series]]
[[Category:2010s Tamil-language television series]]
[[Category:2012 Tamil-language television series debuts]]
[[Category:Tamil-language television shows]]
[[Category:2016 Tamil-language television series endings]]

Shalya

2026-01-27T17:49:07Z

DarellBabcock5: refined citations per sources per sources

{{short description|King of Madra in the Mahabharata}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{For|the urban-type settlement in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia|Shalya (urban-type settlement)}}
{{Infobox character
| info-hdr = Information
| image = File:Shalya in Kurukshetra (cropped).jpg
| caption = Shalya driving the chariot of [[Karna]] (cropped), [[Pahari painting]], c. 1820
| weapon = [[Spear]] and [[Gada (mace)|Gada]]
| children= Rukmangada and Rukmaratha
| affiliation = Kauravas
| origin = [[Madra]]
| series = [[Mahabharata]]
| family = [[Madri]] (sister)
| relatives = [[Nakula]] and [[Sahadeva]] (nephews), [[Pandu]] (brother-in-law)
}}

'''Shalya''' ({{langx|sa|शल्य}}, lit. ''[[Pike (weapon)|Pike]]'')<ref>{{Cite web | title=Sanskrit - Dictionary | url=https://www.learnsanskrit.cc/translate?search=pike&dir=au | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240517210100/https://www.learnsanskrit.cc/translate?search=pike&dir=au | access-date=2025-01-02 | archive-date=2024-05-17}}</ref> is a major character in the ''[[Mahabharata]]'', one of two Sanskrit epics of Ancient India. He was a powerful king from the [[Bahlikas|Bahlika]] clan, ruling over the [[Madra kingdom]] in the Northwest region of the [[Indian subcontinent]]. Although he was the brother of [[Madri]], the wife of [[Pandu]], Shalya sided with the [[Kauravas]] in the [[Kurukshetra War]]. Despite his allegiance, he supported the [[Pandavas]] and wished for their victory. While he initially fought as a key warrior for the Kauravas, he was made [[Karna]]’s charioteer and, following Karna’s death, was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the Kaurava forces. Shalya was killed by the eldest Pandava, [[Yudhishthira]].<ref name="Ganguly">{{cite web |last = Ganguly|first =Kisari|title=The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa|url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m08/index.htm}}</ref>

== Epithets ==
Shalya is referred to by various epithets, including:<ref name=":0" />

* Artayani
* Balhika Pungava
* Madradhipa
* Madraja
* Madrajanadhipa
* Madraka
* Madraraj
* Sauvira

== Early life and relations ==
Shalya was the ruler of the [[Madra]] kingdom and was renowned for his formidable skills as a warrior and his wisdom. His sister, [[Madri]], was married to [[Pandu]], King of [[Kuru kingdom]] at the request of [[Bhishma]], in exchange of heavy bride price consisting of gold and jewels from [[Hastinapur]]a.<ref name="Ganguly"/><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.manushi-india.org/pdfs_issues/PDF%20143/05%20Panchkanya%2025-33%20%202-9.pdf|title=Kunti|access-date=10 January 2013|publisher=Manushi India Organization}}</ref><ref name=":0">[https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/compilation/puranic-encyclopaedia/d/doc241911.html Puranic Encyclopaedia] by [[Vettam Mani]]</ref> (''Adi Parva'', Chapter 112).

Shalya was present at the [[svayamvara]] of [[Draupadi]] alongside his sons, Rukmangada and Rukmaratha (''Adi Parva'', Chapter 185, Verse 18). However, he withdrew from the contest after failing to string the bow (''Adi Parva'', Chapter 186, Verse 28). [[Bhima]] later defeated him at the wedding (''Adi Parva'', Chapter 189, Verse 23).<ref name=":0" />

During [[Nakula]]'s western conquests, Shalya befriended his nephew and was entertained by him (''Sabha Parva'', Chapter 32, Verse 14). He also attended [[Yudhishthira]]'s [[Rajasuya]] yajna (''Sabha Parva'', Chapter 34, Verse 7) and presented Yudhishthira with a sword and a golden jar at his coronation (''Sabha Parva'', Chapter 53, Verse 9).<ref name=":0" />

== Allegiance to Duryodhana ==
The ''[[Udyoga Parva]]'' describes about the preparation of the Kurukshetra War and the formation of alliances. Though Shalya was related to the [[Pandavas]] and initially intended to fight for them, he was deceived by [[Duryodhana]]’s cunning. As he traveled to join the Pandavas, Duryodhana arranged an extravagant reception for him, ensuring that Shalya and his army received unparalleled hospitality. Assuming that the Pandavas were behind these arrangements, Shalya praised his hosts. However, when he discovered that it was actually Duryodhana who had extended this courtesy, he felt obligated by royal etiquette to grant him a boon. Seizing the opportunity, Duryodhana requested Shalya to fight for the Kauravas, and bound by his word, Shalya reluctantly agreed.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/m05/m05008.htm | title=The Mahabharata, Book 5: Udyoga Parva: Section VIII }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Buitenen |first1=J. A. B. van |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wFtXBGNn0aUC&dq=salya&pg=PA138 |title=The Mahabharata, Volume 3: Book 4: The Book of the Virata; Book 5: The Book of the Effort |last2=Fitzgerald |first2=James L. |date=1973 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-84665-1 |language=en}}</ref>

Despite aligning with the Kauravas, Shalya secretly wished for the Pandavas' victory (''Bhishma Parva''). Prior to the start of the war, [[Yudhishthira]] met with his elders on the Kaurava side, seeking their blessings. Shalya readily offered his blessings to Yudhishthira, wishing him victory. Shalya was requested by Yudhishthira to heap praises of his brothers in order to infuriate Karna.<ref>{{cite book|last=Menon|first=[translated by] Ramesh|title=The Mahabharata : a modern rendering|year=2006|publisher=iUniverse, Inc.|location=New York|isbn=9780595401888}}</ref><ref>Shalya giving boon to Yudhisthira http://sacred-texts.com/hin/m06/m06043.htm</ref> He subtly worked against [[Karna]] during his battle with [[Arjuna]], using his position as Karna’s charioteer to demoralize him (''Karna Parva'').<ref name=":0" />

== Role in the Kurukshetra War ==
[[File:Duryodhana and Salya (cropped).jpg|thumb|Duryodhan requests Shalya to become Karna's charioteer, an illustration from ''[[Razmnama]]'', the Persian translation of the ''Mahabharata'']]
=== Participation in the battle ===
Shalya engaged in multiple battles, displaying both valor and strategic acumen:<ref name=":0" />

* On the first day of the war, he dueled with [[Yudhishthira]] (''Bhishma Parva'', Chapter 45, Verse 28).
* He killed [[Uttara (Mahabharata)|Uttara]], the prince of [[Virata]] (''Bhishma Parva'', Chapter 47, Verse 35).
* He defeated another prince of Virata, [[Shankha]] (''Bhishma Parva'', Chapter 49, Verse 35).
* He fought against [[Dhrishtadyumna]] (''Bhishma Parva'', Chapter 62) and was later defeated by [[Bhima]] (''Bhishma Parva'', Chapter 64, Verse 27).
* Clashed with multiple warriors including Yudhishthira, Nakula, [[Sahadeva]], [[Shikhandi]], and [[Arjuna]] throughout the war.
* Protected [[Jayadratha]] from Arjuna’s assault (''Drona Parva'', Chapter 145, Verse 9).

=== Charioteer of Karna ===
Shalya was reluctantly made Karna’s charioteer at Duryodhana’s insistence (''Karna Parva'', Chapter 32). Despite this, he constantly undermined Karna’s confidence by praising Arjuna (''Karna Parva'', Chapter 37, Verse 33). Their tense relationship escalated when Karna threatened to kill him (''Karna Parva'', Chapter 40), but Shalya countered by narrating the tale of the swan and the crow, mocking Karna’s arrogance (''Karna Parva'', Chapter 41).<ref name=":0" />

Shalya prevented Karna from killing Nakula, Sahadeva, and Yudhishthira (''Karna Parva'', Chapter 63, Verse 21) and later consoled him when he was intimidated by Bhima (''Karna Parva'', Chapter 84, Verse 8).<ref name=":0" />

=== Commander-in-chief and death ===
After Karna’s death, Shalya was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the Kaurava army on the eighteenth and final day of the war (''Shalya Parva'', Chapter 6, Verse 28). He led the army with great might but was ultimately defeated and killed by [[Yudhishthira]] in battle (''Shalya Parva'', Chapter 17, Verse 52).<ref name=":0" /> When Gandhari surveys the corpses on the Kurukshetra battlefield after the end of the war, she finds Shalya's tongue being eaten by birds.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Das |first=Gurcharan |title=The Difficulty of Being Good ON THE SUBTLE ART OF DHARMA |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |isbn=9780199754410 |edition=1 |location=New Delhi |pages=179}}</ref>

His soul was among those summoned during the [[Śrāddha|Shraddha]] rites at the [[Ganga River|Ganga]] (''Ashramavasika Parva'', Chapter 32, Verse 10).<ref name=":0" />

== Previous birth ==
According to the ''Mahabharata'', Shalya was a reincarnation of Samhlada, the son of [[Hiranyakashipu]] and brother of [[Prahlada]] (''Adi Parva'', Chapter 67, Verse 6).<ref name=":0" />

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Mahābhārata}}
{{HinduMythology}}

[[Category:Characters in the Mahabharata]]

Al-Baas El-Islami

2026-01-23T20:11:56Z

DarellBabcock5: Stub!

{{Short description|Indian Arabic magazine}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Infobox magazine
| title = Al-Baas El-Islami
| logo = Logo of Al-Baas El-Islami.webp
| image_file = October 1955 Debut Issue Cover of Al-Baas El-Islami.jpg
| image_caption = First issue cover
| editor = [[Saeed-ur-Rahman Azmi Nadvi]]
| category = [[Theology]], Culture, [[Dawah]], Literature, Education, [[Nadwatul Ulama]]
| frequency = Monthly
| publisher = [[Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama]]
| founder = [[Mohammad al-Hasani]]
| founded = 1955
| firstdate = October 1955
| country = India
| based = [[Lucknow]]
| language = Arabic
| website = {{URL|https://albasulislami.com}}
| issn = 2347-2456
| oclc = 8213616
}}
'''''Al-Baas El-Islami''''' ({{langx|ar|البعث الإسلامي|translation=The Islamic Recrudescence<ref name=":Singh"/>}}) is a monthly Arabic magazine published by [[Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama]]. It was first launched in 1955 by [[Mohammad al-Hasani]] under the guidance of [[Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi]]. In 1960, the magazine officially became part of [[Nadwatul Ulama]] and has since been published regularly. The magazine focuses on developing linguistic and literary skills among students and is considered the successor to ''[[Al-Ziya]]'', the institution's first Arabic magazine.{{Sfn|Khan|2015|p=424}} Historically, it has promoted [[Pan-Islamism]], critiqued [[Arab nationalism]] and [[Orientalism]], and aimed to make Indian Urdu Islamic scholarship accessible in Arabic.{{Sfn|P|2020|p=200}} The magazine has had only two editors, beginning with Mohammad al-Hasani and, currently, [[Saeed-ur-Rahman Azmi Nadvi]]. Its motto is "Our only slogan is to return towards Islam anew."<ref name=":HR">{{Cite thesis |last=Rahman |first=Hafizur |title=Arabic journalism in India with special reference to Sayed Muhammad Al Hasani : a study |access-date= |degree=PhD |publisher=[[Gauhati University]] |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/342127 |language=en |pages=184 |year=2020 |location=India |hdl=10603/342127 |archive-date=17 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231217145140/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/342127 |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Early days and progress ==
The creation of ''Al-Baas El-Islami'' is closely tied to the mission of Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama, which was founded to promote Islamic teachings in religious, educational, and cultural spheres in India.{{Sfn|P|2020|p=196}} Among its early initiatives was the Arabic magazine ''Al-Ziya'', launched in 1932 but short-lived.{{Sfn|P|2020|p=196}} In 1954, Mohammad al-Hasani, a figure from Nadwatul Ulama, founded Al-Muntada Al-Adabi, an intellectual organization formed during the rise of Arab nationalism under leaders like [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]].{{Sfn|Nadwi|2000|p=184}} Amid this political and cultural upheaval in the Arab world, al-Hasani proposed creating a magazine to counter Western influence and develop religious and moral awareness.{{Sfn|Nadwi|2000|p=183}} With the encouragement of Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi and other colleagues, the idea materialized, and ''Al-Baas El-Islami'' released its first issue in October 1955 (Safar 1375 [[Hijri year|AH]]), with al-Hasani as editor and [[Saeed-ur-Rahman Azmi Nadvi]] and [[Ijteba Nadwi]] handling management.<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Nadwi |first=Sarwar Alam |title=Development Of Arabic Journalism In India After Independence |access-date=29 November 2023 |degree=PhD |publisher=[[Aligarh Muslim University]] |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/57825 |language=ar |pages=185 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231126024641/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/57825 |archive-date=26 November 2023 |year=2000 |location=India |hdl=10603/57825 |url-status=live}}</ref>{{Sfn|Rehman|2008|p=54}} Initially comprising 32 pages, the magazine achieved traction in the Arab world, especially in countries like Iraq, Iran, and Libya, where its articles were widely circulated.{{Sfn|Islam|2014|p=191}}

In February 1960, the administration of Nadwatul Ulama took over the magazine's publishing responsibilities, with its first issue under their management appearing in March–April 1960 (Ramadan–Shawwal 1379 AH).<ref name="Nayab">{{cite book |last=Qasmi |first=Nayab Hasan |url=https://archive.org/details/DarulUloomDeobandKaSahafatiManzarNamah |title=Darul Uloom Deoband Ka Sahafati Manzarnama |publisher=Idara Tahqueeq-e-islami Deoband |year=2013 |edition= |location=India |pages=104 |language=ur |trans-title=Journalistic Scenario Of Darul Uloom Deoband}}</ref> Mohammad al-Hasani continued as editor until his death on 13 June 1979, after which Saeed-ur-Rahman Azmi Nadvi succeeded him, expanding the magazine to 100 pages.{{Sfn|Nadwi|2000|p=192–193}} It has remained a platform for addressing Islamic issues, supported by an editorial team that, at one time, included figures like [[Wazeh Rashid Hasani Nadwi]] as deputy editor-in-chief.<ref name=":AA">{{Cite thesis |last=Alangadan |first=Anees |title=Relocating Arabic Language And Literature With Reference To Arabic Journalism In India 1950 To 2000 |access-date=29 November 2023 |degree=PhD |publisher=[[Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala]] |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/30548 |language=ar |page=170 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129050821/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/30548 |archive-date=29 November 2023 |year=2014 |location=India |hdl=10603/30548 |url-status=live}}</ref>

== Focus areas ==
The magazine describes itself as a platform for promoting Islamic values, supporting intellectual exchange, and encouraging unity and resilience among [[Muslims]]. Its foundational mission, outlined in its first editorial, distinguishes it from literary magazines in [[Cairo]] and [[Beirut]], which it criticizes for focusing on superficial topics and promoting [[Arabs|Arab]] cultural figures.{{Sfn|Nadwi|2000|p=186}} It presents a clear purpose: to enhance religious and cultural awareness, offer guidance, and strengthen global connections among Muslims.{{Sfn|Ahmed|2019|p=310}}

The magazine's objectives include raising religious awareness among younger generations, developing Islamic thought, and disseminating accurate Islamic teachings. It emphasizes defending Islam from external critiques, addressing harmful ideologies, and countering [[Western culture|Western cultural influence]].{{Sfn|Islam|2014|p=187}} It also seeks to build connections between Indo-Arabic literature, highlight notable Muslim figures, and promote the views of Nadwatul Ulama.{{Sfn|Islam|2014|p=187}} Additionally, the magazine aims to revive Islamic heritage, prepare future advocates of Islam, and publish scholarly works without racial bias.{{Sfn|Ahmed|2019|p=310}}

These goals are reflected in articles on contemporary issues, analyses of news relevant to the [[Muslim world|Islamic world]], and discussions defending Islamic movements, such as the [[Muslim Brotherhood]].<ref name=":HSI">{{Cite thesis |last=Islam |first=Habib Shahidul |title=The Role Of Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulema In The Field Of Arabic Journalism In India A Study |access-date=29 November 2023 |degree=PhD |publisher=Department of Arabic, [[Gauhati University]] |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/114360 |language=en |page=188 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129050739/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/114360 |archive-date=29 November 2023 |year=2014 |location=India |hdl=10603/114360 |url-status=live}}</ref> It gives particular attention to cultural developments in [[Arab world|Arab countries]] and the connections between Arabic educational institutions in India and the broader Arab world. The magazine also seeks to raise standards in Arabic language and literature within India.{{Sfn|Nadwi|2000|p=188}}

Published objectives on the magazine's pages highlight its mission to inspire Islamic and literary interest among youth, guide students in their educational goals, and strengthen cultural ties among Muslim students globally.{{Sfn|Nadwi|2000|p=188}} It also aims to promote self-confidence and faith among Muslim youth, encouraging them to stand against oppressive forces and challenge misrepresentations of their intentions.{{Sfn|Nadwi|2000|p=183}}

== Academic reviews ==
The magazine has been recognized by academics for its role in Arabic journalism and Islamic thought. Wasim Ahmad, a scholar from [[Jamia Hamdard]], noted the magazine's high-quality content and its role in bridging cultural and linguistic gaps between the [[Arab world]] and India.<ref name=":Singh">{{Cite book |last1=Singh |first1=Rajendra Pal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QI2bShxV36IC |title=Teacher Education in Turmoil: Quest for a Solution |last2=Rana |first2=Gopal |date=2002 |publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd |isbn=978-81-207-2431-0 |pages=28 |language=en |access-date=19 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212090309/https://books.google.com.bd/books?id=QI2bShxV36IC |archive-date=12 December 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref> Farid Uddin Ahmed from [[Cotton University]] emphasized its significance in promoting Islamic thought and the Arabic language, highlighting its growing popularity within a short span of time.{{Sfn|Ahmed|2019|p=310}} Despite facing financial challenges, the magazine has been acknowledged for its intellectual rigor and publication quality. Habib Shahidul Islam, an academic at [[Gauhati University]], observed the magazine's role in connecting diverse educated groups, particularly within Indian-Arab communities.{{Sfn|Islam|2014|p=185}} Nayab Hasan Qasmi, the author of ''Darul Uloom Deoband Ka Sahafati Manzarnama'', highlighted the magazine's engagement with contemporary issues such as [[Arab nationalism]], [[modernity]], and [[atheism]] while promoting Islamic thought.{{Sfn|Qasmi|2013|p=103}} Shams Tabrez Khan, the historiographer of Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama, noted the magazine's intellectual efforts and its reception in the Arab and Islamic world.<ref name=":STK">{{Cite book |last=Khan |first=Shams Tabrez |url=https://www.nadwa.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/tareekh-nadwatul-ulama-part-2-urdu.pdf |title=Tareekh Nadwatul Ulama |date=2015 |publisher=Majlis Sahāfat-o-Nashriyāt |volume=2 |location=Lucknow |pages=425 |language=ur |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241111063244/https://www.nadwa.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/tareekh-nadwatul-ulama-part-2-urdu.pdf |archive-date=11 November 2024 |url-status=bot: unknown |access-date=11 November 2024 }}</ref> Zikrullah Arabi, a scholar from [[Maulana Azad National Urdu University]], described its role as pioneering in Arabic and literary journalism in the Indian subcontinent.<ref name=":ZA">{{Cite thesis |last=Arabi |first=Zikrullah |title=Contribution of Darul Uloom Deoband to Arabic Journalism With Special Reference of Al-Die (Monthly Magazine) and Comprehensive Catalogue Upto 2013 |access-date=29 November 2023 |degree=PhD |publisher=[[Maulana Azad National Urdu University]] |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/337869 |language=ar |pages=32 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231126024643/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/337869 |archive-date=26 November 2023 |year=2019 |location=India |hdl=10603/337869 |url-status=live}}</ref> Sarwar Alam Nadwi from [[Aligarh Muslim University]] acknowledged the magazine's role in promoting Islamic pride and awareness.{{Sfn|Nadwi|2000|p=189}} Obaidur Rahman from the [[University of Calcutta]] pointed to the magazine's unique blend of traditional Islamic values and modern perspectives, appealing to educated global audiences.<ref name=":OR">{{Cite thesis |last=Rahman |first=Obaidur |title=Musahamatu Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama Fi Nashril Lughatil Arabiati Wal Adabil Islami Wa Dauruha Fi Majalis Sahafati Wal Elam |degree=PhD |publisher=[[University of Calcutta]] |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/314806 |language=ar |pages=434 |year=2017 |location=India |hdl=10603/314806 |access-date=11 November 2024 |archive-date=16 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230616040516/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/314806 |url-status=live }}</ref> Abdul Samad K from the [[University of Madras]] highlighted its role in advancing Islamic Arabic journalism, particularly in analyzing global Islamic movements and intellectual trends.<ref name=":ASK">{{Cite thesis |last=K |first=Abdul Samad |title=Al Ulamaa Al Baarizoona Min Daaril Uloom Li Nadwatil Ulamaa Alladheena Hasaloo Alaa Al Jaayizah At Taqdeeriyya Li Nashri Al Lugha Alarabiyya Wa Aadaabihaa |access-date=29 November 2023 |degree=Phd |publisher=Department of Arabic, [[University of Madras]] |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603229374/ |language=ar |pages=54 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230616025102/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/229374 |archive-date=16 June 2023 |location=India |url-status=live}}</ref> Jubailiya P, a scholar from the [[University of Calicut]], reflected on the magazine's founding principles, emphasizing its commitment to Islamic ideals.<ref name=":JP">{{Cite thesis |last=P |first=Jubailiya |title=Darul Uloom Nadwathul Ulama its Contributions to the Development of Arabic Language and Literature: an analytical study |access-date=29 November 2023 |degree=PhD |publisher=Department of Arabic, [[University of Calicut]] |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/306944 |language=ar |pages=200 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231126025358/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/306944 |archive-date=26 November 2023 |year=2020 |location=India |hdl=10603/306944 |url-status=live}}</ref> Sohaib Siddiqi of Aligarh Muslim University commented on the magazine's consistent focus on essential topics relevant to Islamic discourse,<ref name=":MSS">{{Cite thesis |last=Siddiqi |first=Mohd. Sohaib |title=Nadwa Movement Its Contribution To The Development Of Arabic Language And Literature In India |access-date=16 April 2024 |degree=PhD |publisher=Department of Arabic, [[Aligarh Muslim University]] |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/56142 |language=ur |pages=244 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231126032814/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/56142 |archive-date=26 November 2023 |year=1993 |location=India |url-status=live}}</ref> while Sheeba Rehman from the same university noted its engagement with issues significant to the Muslim community.<ref name=":SR">{{Cite thesis |last=Rehman |first=Sheeba |title=Contribution of Darul Uloom Nadwatul to the Development of Arabic Journalism in India |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181102105606if_/http://ir.amu.ac.in/6786/1/DS%203919.pdf |publisher=[[Aligarh Muslim University]] |year=2008 |location=India |pages= |language=ar |degree=PhD |page=55}}</ref> Anees Alangadan of [[Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala]] remarked on its commitment to producing content of both breadth and depth within Islamic studies.{{Sfn|Alangadan|2014|p=177}}

== Global engagement ==
It has received recognition from intellectuals and dignitaries across the world, especially from the Arab, for its role in Islamic thought and contemporary discourse. Figures such as Abdullah al-Ali al-Mahmoud of [[Sharjah]] and Abdul Khayyat of [[Masjid al-Haram]] praised its clarity, adherence to Islamic principles, and balanced approach to sensitive issues.{{Sfn|Islam|2014|p=191}} Journalist Muhammad Mahmoud Hafiz highlighted its steadfastness in addressing political and ideological challenges of the mid-20th century,{{Sfn|Nadwi|2000|p=192}} while professors like Muhammad Ibrahim Najat and Abdul Qadir Habibullah admired its role in promoting noble values and preserving the authenticity of Islamic scholarship.{{Sfn|Nadwi|2000|p=193}}{{Sfn|Nadwi|2000|p=194}} Organizations such as the Palestine Rescue Center acknowledged the magazine's ability to connect Indian Muslims with Arabic-speaking communities,{{Sfn|Nadwi|2000|p=190}} and Iranian scholar Ali Akbar Sar Jamai emphasized its significance for modern Islamic thought, suggesting its translation into Persian for wider reach.{{Sfn|Rehman|2008|p=59}} In a retrospective commentary, [[Al Jazeera Arabic|''Al Jazeera'']] described the magazine as occupying a distinctive position within Arabic-language journalism in both India and the Arab world, citing its efforts to revive Islamic consciousness and its critical stance toward prevailing Arab nationalist ideologies of the time.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Khan |first=Mohsin Atiq |date=8 June 2018 |title=A look at the history of the emergence of Arabic magazines in India |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/blogs/2018/6/8/%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d9%86%d8%b4%d8%a3%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ac%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a |website=[[Al Jazeera Arabic]] |language=ar}}</ref>

== Lasting effect ==
The magazine served as a formative influence in shaping Arabic-language publications at Nadwatul Ulama, establishing a foundation for later works like ''[[Al-Raid]]'', which reflect similar literary and cultural perspectives.<ref name=":Ahmed">{{Cite journal |last=Ahmed |first=Farid Uddin |date=2019 |title=Arabic Journalism in India: its growth and development |url=https://www.thecho.in/files/34.-Dr.-Farid-Uddin-Ahmed-15-07-19.pdf |url-status=live |journal=The Echo |volume=8 |issue=1 |page=311 |issn=2278-5264 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227044358/https://www.thecho.in/files/34.-Dr.-Farid-Uddin-Ahmed-15-07-19.pdf |archive-date=27 December 2021 |access-date=29 November 2023}}</ref> Its impact on Indo-Arabic literature was the subject of academic study; in 2015, Ahmed Daisy completed a [[Thesis|doctoral thesis]] at [[Gauhati University]] titled ''"Development of Indo-Arabic Literature and the Contribution of Dr. Sayeedur Rahman Al-A'zmi Al-Nadwi to Al-Baas Al-Islami"''.<ref name=":AD">{{Cite thesis |last=Daisy |first=Ahmed |title=Development of Indo-Arabic Literature and the Contribution of Dr. Sayeedur Rahman Al-A'zmi Al-Nadwi to Al-Baas Al-Islami |degree=PhD |publisher=Gauhati University |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/93172 |language=ar |page=2 |pages= |archive-url=https://archive.today/20241113092541/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8443/jspui/handle/10603/93172 |archive-date=13 November 2024 |year=2015 |location=India |hdl=10603/93172}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Deobandi Arabic magazines]]
[[Category:Publications of Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama]]
[[Category:Arabic-language magazines]]
[[Category:Monthly magazines]]
[[Category:Conservative magazines]]
[[Category:Magazines established in 1955]]
[[Category:Literary magazines published in India]]

IRNSS-1G

2026-01-21T12:47:47Z

DarellBabcock5:

{{Short description|Indian navigation satellite}}
{{use dmy dates|date=January 2014}}
{{use Indian English|date=January 2014}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = IRNSS-1G
| image = IRNSS Series 1.jpg
| image_caption =
| mission_type = [[Satellite navigation|Navigation]]
| operator = [[ISRO]]
| website =
| COSPAR_ID =
| SATCAT = 41469
| mission_duration = Planned: 12 years Elapsed: {{time interval|28 April 2016|show=ymd|sep=,}}


| spacecraft = IRNSS-1G
| spacecraft_type = Satellite
| spacecraft_bus = [[I-1K]]
| manufacturer = [[Indian Space Research Organisation Satellite Centre|ISRO Satellite Centre]] [[Space Applications Centre]]
| dry_mass = {{convert|598|kg|lb}}
| launch_mass = {{convert|1425|kg|lb}}
| power = 1600 W


| launch_date = {{start date|2016|04|28|12|50|00|7=+05:30}}
| launch_rocket = [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle|PSLV-XL]] C33
| launch_site = [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre|Satish Dhawan]] ([[Satish Dhawan Space Centre First Launch Pad|First]])
| launch_contractor = [[Indian Space Research Organisation|ISRO]]


| disposal_type =
| deactivated =
| last_contact =
| decay_date =


| orbit_epoch = 17151.68965311
| orbit_reference = [[geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
| orbit_regime = Geosynchronous Orbit (GSO)
| orbit_periapsis = {{convert|35780.961|km|abbr=on}}<ref name=
"TLE">{{cite web | url=http://www.celestrak.com/cgi-bin/TLE.pl?CATNR=41469 | title=NORAD Catalog Number 41469 | publisher=NORAD | access-date=2 June 2017 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| orbit_apoapsis = {{convert|35796.200|km|abbr=on}}<ref name=
"TLE" />
| orbit_inclination = 4.2637
| orbit_period = 23:56:12.33
| orbit_longitude = 129.429213 East
| apsis = gee

| programme = [[NavIC]]
| previous_mission = [[IRNSS-1F]]
| next_mission = [[IRNSS-1H]]

}}

'''IRNSS-1G''' was the seventh and final<ref name="Launch" /> of the [[Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System]] (IRNSS) series of satellites after [[IRNSS-1A]], [[IRNSS-1B]], [[IRNSS-1C]], [[IRNSS-1D]], [[IRNSS-1E]] and [[IRNSS-1F]]. This system of satellites will provide navigational services to the Indian region. The satellite was launched successfully on 28 April 2016 at 07:20 UTC.<ref name="Launch" />

IRNSS-1G along IRNSS-1A is being used only for NavIC's short message broadcast service and not for navigation.<ref name=":11">{{cite web|title=Annual Report 2019-20|url=https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/flipping_book/annual_report_2019-20_english/index.html#50|access-date=5 March 2020|publisher=Department of Space|archive-date=6 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406131804/https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/flipping_book/annual_report_2019-20_english/index.html#50|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="ar-2021">{{cite web|title=ANNUAL REPORT 2020-2021|url=https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/anual_report_2020-2021_english.pdf|access-date=6 March 2021|publisher=ISRO|archive-date=25 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210425173704/https://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/anual_report_2020-2021_english.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Launch ==
The satellite was launched from the [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre First Launch Pad|First Launch Pad (FLP)]] of [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre]], [[Sriharikota]] on board [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle|PSLV-C33]] XL on 28 April 2016 at 12:50 PM [[Indian Standard Time|IST]].<ref name="Launch">{{Cite news|url =http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/irnss-launch-indias-own-regional-navigation-satellite-system-takes-shape/article8531388.ece|title = India launches seventh navigation satellite, to get its own GPS |date = April 28, 2016|work = The Hindu|access-date = April 28, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=PSLV-C33/IRNSS-1G|url=http://www.isro.gov.in/launcher/pslv-c33-irnss-1g|access-date=28 April 2016|publisher=ISRO|archive-date=28 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160428170026/http://www.isro.gov.in/launcher/pslv-c33-irnss-1g|url-status=dead}}</ref> The countdown of the launch had begun 51:30 hours before at 9:20 AM IST on 25 April 2016.<ref name="countdown" />

After the launch of IRNSS-1G the Indian government named the IRNSS system as NAVIC ('''Nav'''igation with '''I'''ndian '''C'''onstellation).<ref>{{Cite web|title=PSLV-C33 Successfully Launches India's Seventh Navigation Satellite IRNSS-1G - ISRO|url=https://www.isro.gov.in/update/28-apr-2016/pslv-c33-successfully-launches-indias-seventh-navigation-satellite-irnss-1g|access-date=2021-11-01|website=www.isro.gov.in|archive-date=1 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101171131/https://www.isro.gov.in/update/28-apr-2016/pslv-c33-successfully-launches-indias-seventh-navigation-satellite-irnss-1g|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Specifications ==
'''Mission life:''' 12 years (planned).<ref name="countdown">{{cite web | url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/science/countdown-for-irnss1g-launch-begins-at-sriharikota/article8523638.ece | title=Countdown for IRNSS-1G launch begins at Sriharikota | work=[[The Hindu]] | date=26 April 2016 | access-date=28 April 2016 | author=PTI}}</ref>

'''Lift-off mass:'''{{Convert|1425|kg}}

'''Dry mass:''' {{Convert|598|kg}}.<ref name="Spec">{{cite web | url=http://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/pslv-c33_brochure.pdf | title=PSLV-C33 - IRNSS-1G Specifications | publisher=ISRO | access-date=28 April 2016 | archive-date=25 April 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425202808/http://www.isro.gov.in/sites/default/files/pslv-c33_brochure.pdf | url-status=dead }}</ref>

'''Payload:''' [[Code-division multiple access|CDMA]] ranging payload in [[C band (IEEE)|C band]].<ref>{{Cite news|url =http://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/isro-launches-rocket-carrying-india-s-seventh-navigation-satellite-116042800308_1.html|title = 'Isro launches rocket carrying India's seventh navigation satellite'|date = April 28, 2016|work = Business Standard|access-date = April 28, 2016}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=SALIENT FEATURES OF IRNSS 1G|url=https://www.ursc.gov.in/navigation/html/irnss-1g.jsp|access-date=2021-11-01|website=www.ursc.gov.in}}</ref> Navigation payload in [[L band|L-5]] and [[S band]] spectrums and [[Rubidium atomic clock|Rubidium atomic clocks]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.isro.gov.in/Spacecraft/irnss-1g | title=IRNSS-1G | work=ISRO | access-date=28 April 2016 | archive-date=24 April 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160424010008/http://www.isro.gov.in/Spacecraft/irnss-1g | url-status=dead }}</ref>

'''Power:''' Two [[Multi-junction solar cell|triple-junction solar panels]] to generate 1660W of energy and one Lithium-ion 90A-hr battery is used.<ref name="Spec" />

'''Propulsion:''' [[Monomethylhydrazine|MMH]]/[[Mixed oxides of nitrogen|MON3]] based bipropellant system with 12×22N [[Spacecraft attitude control|Attitude control]] thrusters and one 440N [[Liquid apogee engine|LAM]].<ref name=":0" />

'''Orbit:''' [[Geosynchronous orbit]] at 129.5° East longitude with 5° inclination.<ref name="Spec" /><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/indias-own-navigation-satellite-irnss-1g-launched-all-you-need-to-know-about-it-320437-2016-04-28 | title=India's own navigation satellite IRNSS-1G launched: All you need to know about it | work=[[India Today]] | date=28 April 2016 | access-date=28 April 2016 | author=Sangeeta Ojha}}</ref>

'''Cost:''' Approximately {{INRConvert|125|c}}.<ref name="Desi">{{cite web | url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/science/irnss-desi-gps-to-liberate-india-from-dependence-on-us-russia/articleshow/52058262.cms | title=IRNSS: Desi GPS to liberate India from dependence on US, Russia | work=Economic Times | date=1 May 2016 | access-date=2 May 2016 | author=Vanita Srivastava}}</ref>

{{multiple image
| align = left
| direction = horizontal
| width = 200
| header = Animation of IRNSS
| image1 = Animation of IRNSS orbit around Earth.gif
| caption1 = Around the Earth
| image2 = Animation of IRNSS orbit around Earth - Polar view.gif
| caption2 = Around the Earth - Polar view
| image3 = Animation of IRNSS orbit - Earth fixed - front view.gif
| caption3 = [[ECEF|Earth fixed frame]] - Equatorial view, front
| image4 = Animation of IRNSS orbit - Earth fixed - side view.gif
| caption4 = [[ECEF|Earth fixed frame]] - Equatorial view, side
| image5 = Animation of IRNSS orbit - Earth fixed - polar view.gif
| caption5 = [[ECEF|Earth fixed frame]] - Polar view
| footer = {{legend2| RoyalBlue | Earth}}{{·}}{{legend2| magenta |[[IRNSS-1B]] }}{{·}}{{legend2| lime |[[IRNSS-1C]] }}{{·}}{{legend2| Cyan |[[IRNSS-1E]] }}{{·}}{{legend2|Gold|[[IRNSS-1F]] }}{{·}}{{legend2| OrangeRed|IRNSS-1G }}{{·}}{{legend2| Red|[[IRNSS-1I]]}}
}}
{{clear}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Spaceflight|India}}
* [[Communication-Centric Intelligence Satellite|Communication-Centric Intelligence Satellite (CCI-Sat)]]
* [[GPS-aided geo-augmented navigation|GPS-aided geo-augmented navigation (GAGAN)]]
* [[Satellite navigation]]

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.isro.org/scripts/futureprogramme.aspx ISRO Future Programmes]

{{IRNSS satellites}}
{{Indian spacecraft}}
{{Orbital launches in 2016}}

[[Category:Spacecraft launched by India in 2016]]
[[Category:IRNSS satellites]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched by PSLV rockets]]

List of Indian Bengali films of 2013

2026-01-14T09:46:49Z

DarellBabcock5: started initial biography w/ infobox

{{Short description|None}}
{{Bengali films}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2022}}

This is a ''list of films produced by the [[Cinema of West Bengal|Tollywood]] ([[Cinema of West Bengal|Indian Bengali language film industry]]) based in [[Kolkata]] in 2013''.

== January–March ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! colspan="2" style="width:6%;" | Opening
! Title
! style="width:20%;" | Director
! style="width:40%;" | Cast
! Genre
|-
| rowspan="9" style="text-align:center; background:#f7bf87; textcolor:#000;"| '''J A N U A R Y'''
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#f7dfc7; textcolor:#000;" | '''4'''
| ''[[Maach Mishti & More]]'' || [[Mainak Bhaumik]] || [[Soumitra Chatterjee]], [[Parambrata Chattopadhyay]], [[Raima Sen]], [[Swastika Mukherjee]], [[Parno Mittra]], [[Anubrata Basu]] || [[Comedy film|Comedy]], [[Drama film|drama]]
|-
| ''[[Misti Cheler Dustu Buddhi]]'' || Partha Sarathi Manna || [[Abhishek Chatterjee]], [[Bhola Tamang]], Prasun Gain, Master Ankit Seth, Raju Majumder, Indranil Sen, Nupur || [[Children's film|Children]]
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#f7dfc7; textcolor:#000;" | '''11'''
| ''Honeymoon'' || Arup Bhanja || Arav, Vikram, [[Soumitra Chatterjee]], Sagar, Rupa Bhattacharya, Biplab Ghosh, Sangeeta Nandi || [[Drama film|Drama]], [[Romantic film|romance]]
|-
| ''[[Target Kolkata]]'' || Kartick Singh || Rishi, Bidita Bag, Subrata Dutta, Suparna Malakar, [[Sreela Majumdar]], [[Suhasini Mulay]], Bodhisattwa Majumdar, Prasun Gain, Jagannath Guha, [[Arindam Sil]] || [[Drama film|Drama]], [[Action film|action]]
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; background:#f7dfc7; textcolor:#000;" | '''18'''
| ''[[Deewana (2013 film)|Deewana]]'' || [[Rabi Kinagi]] || [[Jeet (actor)|Jeet]], [[Srabanti Chatterjee|Srabanti]], Bharat Kaul, [[Biswajit Chakraborty]], Supriyo Dutta, Tulika Basu, Mausumi Das || [[Romantic film|Romance]]
|-
| ''[[Shunyo Awnko]]'' || [[Goutam Ghose]] || [[Soumitra Chatterjee]], [[Konkona Sen Sharma]], [[Priyanshu Chatterjee]], Lolita Chatterjee, [[Priyanka Bose]] || [[Drama film|Drama]]
|-
| ''[[Kagojer Nouka]]'' || Parthasarathi Joardar || [[Soumitra Chatterjee]], [[Victor Banerjee]], [[Rajesh Sharma (actor)|Rajesh Sharma]], Bidita Bag, Priyam, Kritika Mitra, [[Anusuya Majumdar]] || [[Drama film|Drama]]
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#f7dfc7; textcolor:#000;" | '''25'''
| ''Black Mail'' || Surya Saha || Rohan, [[Arunima Ghosh]], Nimisha Dey Sarkar || [[Drama film|Drama]]
|-
| ''Ajana Dweep'' || Prasun Banerjee || || [[Drama film|Drama]]
|-
| rowspan="11" style="text-align:center; background:#bf87f7; textcolor:#000;"| '''F E B R U A R Y'''
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#dfc7f7; textcolor:#000;" | '''1'''
| ''[[The Light: Swami Vivekananda]]'' || Utpal (Tutu) Sinha || Deep Bhattacharya, Gargi Roy Choudhury, Premankur Chattopadhyay, Courtney Stephens Brook, [[Biswajit Chakraborty]], Piyali Mitra || [[Drama film|Drama]]
|-
| ''Porir Swapno'' || Shyamal Bose || || [[Drama film|Drama]]
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#dfc7f7; textcolor:#000;" | '''8'''
| ''[[Namte Namte]]'' || Rana Basu || [[Roopa Ganguly]], [[Saswata Chatterjee]], [[Rajatava Dutta]], [[Bhaswar Chattopadhyay]] || [[Drama film|Drama]]
|-
| ''[[Golemale Pirit Koro Na]]'' || Anindya Banerjee || [[Jisshu Sengupta]], [[Payel Sarkar]], [[Ritwik Chakraborty]], Sumita, [[Kanchan Mullick]]|| [[Comedy film|Comedy]]
|-
|style="text-align:center; background:#dfc7f7; textcolor:#000;"| '''14'''
|''[[Simanaheen]]''||Kevin Dalvi, Ria Mahtab||[[Rahsaan Noor]], Ismat||Romance
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; background:#dfc7f7; textcolor:#000;"| '''15'''
| ''[[Loveria]]'' || Raja Chanda || [[Soham Chakraborty]], [[Pooja Bose]], [[Rajatava Dutta]] || [[Romantic film|Romance]]
|-
| ''[[Megh Roddur]]'' || [[Surajit Dhar]], Sudarshan Basu || [[Subhashree Ganguly]], Palash Ganguly, Kumar, [[Debolina Dutta]], Rupsa, Biplab Dasgupta, [[Biswajit Chakraborty]], Anindya Banerjee, Bishwanath Basu, Parthasarathi Chakraborty || [[Romantic film|Romance]]
|-
| ''Aajker Sangsar'' || Srikanta Ghosh || || [[Action film|Action]], [[Drama film|drama]]
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; background:#dfc7f7; textcolor:#000;"| '''22'''
| ''Bicycle Kick'' || Debashis Sen Sharma, Sumit Das || Sourav Bandyopadhyay, [[Ritwick Chakraborty]], Ridhima Ghosh || [[Drama film|Drama]], [[Romantic film|romance]]
|-
| ''[[Rupe Tomay Bholabo Na]]'' || Raj Mukherjee || [[Swastika Mukherjee]], [[Soumitra Chatterjee]], [[Kaushik Sen]], Shaan Roy, Ananya Sarkar || [[Romance film|Romance]], [[Drama film|drama]]
|-
| ''[[Damadol]]'' || Manoj Michigan || [[Saswata Chatterjee]], Saheb Bhattacharya, [[Ritabhari Chakraborty]], [[Samadarshi Dutta]], Anindita Banerjee, Rajdeep Gupta, Gunjan || [[Comedy film|Comedy]]
|-
| rowspan="11" style="text-align:center; background:#87f7bf; textcolor:#000;"| '''M A R C H'''
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#c7f7df; textcolor:#000;" | '''1'''
| ''From Headquarters'' || Debabrata Roy || [[Abhishek Chatterjee]], [[Locket Chatterjee]], [[Chandan Sen]], Anindya Banerjee, Sourav || [[Drama film|Drama]]
|-
| ''[[Aborto]]'' || [[Arindam Sil]] || [[Joya Ahsan]], [[Tota Roy Chowdhury]], [[Reshmi Ghosh]], [[Abir Chatterjee]], [[Kaushik Ganguly]], [[Saswata Chatterjee]], [[Ritwick Chakraborty]], [[Barun Chanda]], [[Locket Chatterjee]], [[Biplab Chatterjee]], Saswati Guha Thakurata, Pallabi Chatterjee, [[Puja Gupta]], [[Devang Gandhi]], [[Sambaran Banerjee]], [[Ranadeb Bose]], [[Arindam Sil]] || [[Drama film|Drama]]
|-
| ''[[Final Mission (2013 film)|Final Mission]]'' || Sudipto Sengupta || [[Ferdous Ahmed]], [[Rimjhim Mitra]], [[Shankar Chakraborty]], Raja Chattopadhyay, Shyamal Dutta, Irani Mukherjee, Rajat Ganguly, [[Bhola Tamang]], Sanjay Banerjee || [[Drama film|Drama]]
|-
| ''Antardaho'' || Sushanta Pal Choudhury || [[Jisshu Sengupta]], Rimjhim Gupta, [[Sabitri Chatterjee]], Anuradha Ray, Gourishankar Panda, Parthasarathi Deb, [[Soumitra Chatterjee]], Jnanesh Mukherjee, Pratim Chatterjee || [[Drama film|Drama]]
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#c7f7df; textcolor:#000;"| '''8'''
| ''Kidnapper'' || Rupak Majumdar || [[Samadarshi Dutta]], [[Ridhima Ghosh]], [[Paran Bandopadhyay]], [[Biswajit Chakraborty]], Sourav Chatterjee, Apurbo Roy, [[Shantilal Mukherjee]], Sumit Samaddar || [[Drama film|Drama]]
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#c7f7df; textcolor:#000;" | '''15'''
| ''[[Kanamachi (film)|Kanamachi]]'' || [[Raj Chakraborty]] || [[Ankush Hazra]], [[Abir Chatterjee]], [[Srabanti Chatterjee]], Sayani Ghosh, [[Rajatava Dutta]], [[Aritra Dutta Banik]] || [[Romance film|Romance]], [[Action film|action]]
|-
| ''[[Panga Nibi Na Sala]]'' || Prince || Arko, Neha, Asish Samal, [[Anamika Saha]], Debraj Ray, Ramen Roychowdhury, Sumit Gangopadhyay, [[Bhola Tamang]] || [[Drama film|Drama]]
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#c7f7df; textcolor:#000;" | '''22'''
| ''[[Chhayamoy]]'' || [[Haranath Chakrabarty]] || [[Gaurav Chakrabarty]], [[Sabyasachi Chakrabarty]], [[Paran Bandopadhyay]], [[Deepankar De]] || [[Drama film|Fantasy drama]]
|-
| ''[[Hawa Bodol]]'' || [[Parambrata Chatterjee]] || [[Parambrata Chatterjee]], [[Raima Sen]], [[Rudranil Ghosh]] || [[Comedy film|Comedy]]
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#c7f7df; textcolor:#000;" | '''29'''
| ''[[Basanta Utsav (film)|Basanta Utsav]]'' || Ritabrata Bhattacharya || [[Parambrata Chatterjee]], [[Rudranil Ghosh]], [[Swastika Mukherjee]] || [[Drama film|Drama]]
|-
| ''[[Amar Bodyguard]]'' || [[Haranath Chakraborty]] || [[Ridhima Ghosh]], Pratik || [[Drama film|Drama]]
|}

==April–June==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! colspan="2" style="width:6%;" | Opening
! Title
! style="width:15%;" | Director
! style="width:45%;" | Cast
! Genre
! style="width:4%;" | {{Tooltip|Ref.|References}}
|-
| rowspan="8" style="text-align:center; background:#f7bf87; textcolor:#000;" | '''A P R I L'''
| style="text-align:center; background:#f7dfc7; textcolor:#000;" | '''1'''
|''[[Shunyo]]''||[[Rudranil Ghosh]]||[[Anjan Dutt]], Rudrani Ghosh||Mystery||
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#f7dfc7; textcolor:#000;" | '''5'''
| ''Jigyasa'' || Subharanjan Roy || Mrinal Mukherjee, Sumit Samaddar, Arnab Banerjee, Debaparna Chakraborty ||[[Crime film|Crime]], [[Drama film|drama]] ||
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; background:#f7dfc7; textcolor:#000;" | '''12'''
| ''[[Goynar Baksho]]'' || [[Aparna Sen]] || [[Moushumi Chatterjee]], [[Konkona Sen Sharma]], [[Srabanti Chatterjee]], [[Saswata Chatterjee]], [[Ranjit Mallick]], Gargi Roychowdhury, [[Pijush Ganguly]], [[Manasi Sinha]] || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
| ''[[Shabdo]]'' || [[Kaushik Ganguly]] || [[Ritwick Chakraborty]], [[Raima Sen]], [[Churni Ganguly]], [[Victor Banerjee]], [[Srijit Mukherji]] || [[Social film|Social]] ||
|-
| ''[[Holud Pakhir Dana]]'' || Kanoj Das || Dibyendu Mukherjee, Rimjhim Gupta, [[Sabyasachi Chakraborty]], Anuradha Ray, Kalyani Mondal, Ramen Raychowdhury, [[Monu Mukhopadhyay]], Nimai Ghosh, Bidyut Das, Sangeeta Sanyal || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#f7dfc7; textcolor:#000;" | '''19'''
| ''[[Dekha, Na-Dekhay]]'' || Arnab Ghoshal || [[Samadarshi Dutta]], Debosmita Saha, [[Laboni Sarkar]], [[Manoj Mitra]], Prasun Gayen, Koushik Bandyopadhyay, Mrinal Mukherjee, Pradip Chakraborty || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#f7dfc7; textcolor:#000;" | '''26'''
| ''[[Rocky (2013 film)|Rocky]]'' || [[Sujit Mondal]] || [[Mahaakshay Chakraborty]], [[Pooja Bose]], [[Mithun Chakraborty]], Somnath Panja, Bharat Kaul || [[Action film|Action]] ||
|-
| ''[[Chupi Chupi]]'' || Abir Bose || Ritojit, Priyanka Halder, [[Laboni Sarkar]], Koushik Bandyopadhyay, [[Kharaj Mukherjee]], [[Manasi Sinha]] || [[Romance film|Romance]] ||
|-
| rowspan="13" style="text-align:center; background:#bf87f7;" | '''M A Y'''
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; background:#dfc7f7; textcolor:#000;" | '''3'''
| ''Baro Eka Lage'' || Gobinda Sil || [[Hiran Chatterjee]], Tuya, Srabanti Bhattacharya, [[Manasi Sinha]], Mousumi Saha, Bodhisattva Majumdar, Papia Debrajan || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
| ''[[Arjun: Kalimpong E Sitaharan]]'' || [[Prem Prakash Modi|Prem Modi]] || Om, [[Sabyasachi Chakraborty]], [[Dipankar De]], [[Manoj Mitra]], [[Churni Ganguly]], [[Biswajit Chakraborty]], || [[Detective film|Detective]] ||
|-
| ''Lattu'' || Asish Ro || [[Sabyasachi Chakraborty]], [[Debashree Roy]], Subrat Dutt, Megha Burman, [[Biswajit Chakraborty]], [[Kharaj Mukherjee]], Partha Sarathi Deb || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#dfc7f7; textcolor:#000;" | '''10'''
| ''[[Ami Aar Amar Girlfriends]]'' || [[Mainak Bhaumik]] || [[Swastika Mukherjee]], [[Raima Sen]], [[Parno Mittra]] || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center; background:#dfc7f7; textcolor:#000;" | '''17'''
| ''[[Mahapurush O Kapurush]]'' || [[Aniket Chattopadhyay]] || [[Bratya Basu]], [[Dipankar De]], [[Locket Chatterjee]], [[Bhola Tamang]], [[Tanima Sen]], [[Ritwick Chakraborty]], Biswanath Basu, Sujoy Prosad Chatterjee, Lama Haldar || [[Comedy film|Comedy]] ||
|-
| ''Classmate'' || Asish Roy || Aksat, Sagar, Prantik, [[Jhilik Bhattacharya|Jhilik]], Sankalita, Anuradha Ray, Bodhisattwa Majumdar, Biswajit Chakraborty, Arpita Becker, Kharaj Mukherjee, Joyjit Banerjee, Shakti Dey, Tanima Sen || [[Romantic film|Romance]], [[Drama film|drama]] ||
|-
| ''E Juger Bhalobasha'' || Rishi Debasish || [[Dipankar De]], Mainak Banerjea, Jasmine Chatterjee, Mrinal Mukherjee, Dulal Lahiri, Anamika || [[Romantic film|Romance]], [[Drama film|drama]] ||
|-
| ''Blackmail'' || Surjo Saha || Rohaan Bhattarcharjee, Arunima Ghosh, Nimisha, Tirthankar Roy, Rajatava Dutta || [[Romantic film|Romance]], [[Drama film|drama]] ||
|-
| ''Har Mana Har'' || Kankan Bhattacharya || Som Roy Chowdhury, Priyanka Haldar, Trisha, Debanshu Roy, Debjani Banerjee, Debosmita, Barsha, Rituparna Sengupta, Deepankar De, Soma Chakraborty, Kharaj Mukherjee, Biswajit Chakraborty, Arun Mukhopadhyay, Raju Thakkar || [[Romantic film|Romance]], [[Drama film|drama]] ||
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#dfc7f7; textcolor:#000;" | '''24'''
| ''Sweetheart'' || Prodip Saha || [[Indraneil Sengupta]], [[Paoli Dam]], [[Tapas Paul]], Santu Mukhopadhyay, [[Rajatava Dutta]], [[Satabdi Roy]], Raja Chattopadhyay || [[Romantic film|Romance]], [[Drama film|drama]] ||
|-
| ''[[Goyenda Gogol]]'' || Arindam Dey || Arijit Ghosh, [[Indraneil Sengupta]], Rachana Banerjee, Ankita, Mosumi, Saheb Chatterjee, Debdut Ghosh || [[Detective film|Detective]] ||
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#dfc7f7; textcolor:#000;" | '''31'''
| ''[[Adbhoot]]'' || Sayantan Mukherjee || [[Soumitra Chatterjee]], Biswanath Basu, [[Anjana Basu]], Subhasish Mukherjee, [[Paran Bandyopadhyay]], Kharaj Mukherjee, Sankar Chakraborty || [[Comedy film|Comedy]] ||
|-
| ''[[Mistake (2013 film)|Mistake]]'' || S. K. || [[Vikram Chatterjee]], [[Preeti Jhangiani]], Sourav Chatterjee, Malabika, [[Dulal Lahiri]], [[Biswajit Chakraborty]], Kunal Padhi || [[Romantic film|Romance]], [[Drama film|drama]] ||
|-
| rowspan="7" style="text-align:center; background:#87f7bf; textcolor:#000;" | '''J U N E'''
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#c7f7df; textcolor:#000;" | '''7'''
| ''[[Mrs. Sen]]'' || [[Agnidev Chatterjee]] || [[Rituparna Sengupta]], [[Hrishitaa Bhatt]], [[Rohit Roy]], Biplab Chatterjee, Anushua Majumdar, Subhasish Mukherjee, Shankar Chakraborty, Priyangshu Chowdhury, Rupsha Guha, Usashi Chakraborty || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
| ''Prem Juddho'' || Apurba Banerjee || Sudip Mukherjee, Pallavi Chatterjee, Vishal, Shampa, Shankar Chakraborty, [[Arjun Chakraborty]], Premjit, Krishno Kishore Mukherjee, Amitava Bhattacharya || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; background:#c7f7df; textcolor:#000;" | '''14'''
| ''[[Meghe Dhaka Tara (2013 film)|Meghe Dhaka Tara]]'' || [[Kamaleshwar Mukherjee|Kamaleswar Mukherjee]] || [[Saswata Chatterjee]], [[Ananya Chatterjee]], [[Abir Chatterjee]], [[Rahul Banerjee (actor)|Rahul]], Joydeep Mukherjee, Abhijit Guha, Ritwik Chakrabarty, Anindya Bose, [[Mumtaz Sorcar]], [[Bidipta Chakrabarty]], [[Subhasish Mukhopadhyay]], [[Biswajit Chakraborty]], Debpratim Dasgupta || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
| ''[[Oh! Henry]]'' || Animesh Roy || [[Locket Chatterjee]], [[Dibyendu Mukherjee]], [[Pooja Bose]] || [[Suspense film|Suspense]], [[Thriller film|thriller]] ||
|-
| ''[[Khoka 420]]'' || Rajib Biswas || [[Dev (Bengali actor)|Dev]], [[Subhashree Ganguly]], [[Nusrat Jahan]], [[Tapas Paul]], [[Rajatava Dutta]] ||[[Romantic film|Romance]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#c7f7df; textcolor:#000;" | '''21'''
| ''[[Ganesh Talkies]]'' || [[Anjan Dutt]] || [[Chandan Roy Sanyal]], [[Raima Sen]], [[Rajesh Sharma (actor)|Rajesh Sharma]], [[Biswajit Chakraborty]], Konineeca Bannerjee, Taranga Sarkar, Pallavi Chatterjee, Rita Koiral || [[Romantic film|Romance]], [[Comedy film|comedy]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#c7f7df; textcolor:#000;" | '''28'''
| ''[[C/O Sir]]'' || [[Kaushik Ganguly]] || [[Saswata Chatterjee]], [[Raima Sen]], [[Sabyasachi Chakraborty]], [[Indraneil Sengupta]], [[Sudipta Chakraborty]] || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|}

==July–September==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! colspan="2" style="width:6%;" | Opening
! Title
! style="width:20%;" | Director
! style="width:40%;" | Cast
! Genre
! {{Tooltip|Ref.|References}}
|-
| rowspan="7" style="text-align:center; background:#f7bf87; textcolor:#000;" | '''J U L Y'''
| style="text-align:center; background:#f7dfc7; textcolor:#000;" | '''5'''
| ''A Political Murder'' || Agnidev Chatterjee || [[Rituparna Sengupta]], [[Rahul Banerjee (actor)|Rahul Banerjee]], [[Priyanka Sarkar]] ||[[Thriller film|Thriller]] ||
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#f7dfc7; textcolor:#000;" | '''12'''
| ''[[Hoi Choi]]'' || Debarati Gupta || [[Rahul Banerjee (actor)|Rahul Banerjee]], [[Priyanka Sarkar]], [[Paoli Dam]], [[Vikram Chatterjee]], [[Sekhar Das]] ||[[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
| ''Nodi Re Tui'' || Kingshuk Dey || [[Soumitra Chatterjee]], Abhiraj, Moubani Sorcar, Ashoke Viswanathan || [[Drama film|Drama]]||
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#f7dfc7; textcolor:#000;" | '''19'''
| ''[[Alik Sukh]]'' || [[Nandita Roy]] & [[Shiboprosad Mukherjee]] || [[Rituparna Sengupta]], [[Sohini Sengupta]], [[Soumitra Chatterjee]], [[Debshankar Haldar]], Kharaj Mukherjee || [[Drama film|Drama]]||
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#f7dfc7; textcolor:#000;" | '''21'''
|''[[Porichoi]]''||[[Rupali Guha]]||[[Prosenjit Chatterjee]], [[Mishti]]||Drama||
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#f7dfc7; textcolor:#000;" | '''26'''
| ''[[Half Serious]]'' || Utsav Mukherjee || [[Roopa Ganguly]], [[Silajit Majumder]], Saheb Bhattacharya, [[Mumtaz Sorcar]], [[Ridhima Ghosh]], [[Sudipta Chakraborty]].|| [[Comedy film|Comedy]], [[Drama film|drama]]||
|-
| ''Ek Fota Bhaalobasha'' || Angshuman Pratyush || [[Indraneil Sengupta]], Tathoi, [[Rajesh Sharma (actor)|Rajesh Sharma]] || [[Romantic film|Romance]], [[Drama film|drama]]||
|-
| rowspan="5" style="text-align:center; background:#bf87f7; textcolor:#000;" | '''A U G U S T'''
| style="text-align:center; background:#dfc7f7; textcolor:#000;" | '''2'''
| ''[[Kangal Malsat]]'' || [[Suman Mukhopadhyay]] || [[Kaushik Ganguly]], [[Kabir Suman]], Kamalika, Dibyendu || [[Drama film|Drama]], [[Political film|political]] ||
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#dfc7f7; textcolor:#000;" | '''9'''
| ''[[Proloy (film)|Proloy]]'' || [[Raj Chakraborty]] || [[Parambrata Chatterjee]], [[Mimi Chakraborty]], [[Rudranil Ghosh]], [[Saswata Chatterjee]], [[Paran Bandopadhyay]] || [[Drama film|Drama]]||
|-
|''[[Boss (2013 Bengali film)|Boss]]'' || Baba Yadav || [[Jeet (actor)|Jeet]], [[Subhashree Ganguly]] || [[Action film|Action]], [[Romantic film|Romance]]
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#dfc7f7; textcolor:#000;" | '''23'''
| ''[[Bangla Naache Bhangra]]'' || Nandini || Sayan, Pallabi || [[Romantic film|Romance]]||
|-
|''[[Tasher Desh]]'' || [[Qaushiq Mukherjee]] || [[Tillotama Shome]], [[Imaad Shah]], [[Anubrata Basu]], [[Rii Sen]], Maya Tideman, Soumyak Kanti De Biswas, Joyraj Bhattacharjee, Tinu Verghese || [[Fantasy film|Fantasy]], [[Musical film|musical]]||
|-
| rowspan="14" style="text-align:center; background:#87f7bf; textcolor:#000;" | '''S E P T E M B E R'''
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; textcolor:#000; background:#c7f7df;" |'''6'''
|''[[Rupkatha Noy]]'' || [[Atanu Ghosh]] || [[Soumitra Chatterjee]], [[Radhika Apte]], [[Gaurav Chakrabarty]], [[Kaushik Sen]], [[Indraneil Sengupta]], [[Arindam Sil]], [[Rahul Banerjee (actor)|Rahul Banerjee]] || ||
|-
|''[[Satyanweshi (film)|Satyanweshi]]'' || [[Rituparno Ghosh]] || [[Sujoy Ghosh]], [[Anindya Chatterjee]], [[Arpita Pal]], [[Indraneil Sengupta]] || ||
|-
|''[[Promotion (film)|Promotion]]'' || Snehasish Chakraborty || [[Paoli Dam]], [[Indraneil Sengupta]], [[Mamata Shankar]], [[Abhishek Chatterjee]], [[Subhasish Mukhopadhyay]], [[Kanchan Mullick]], [[Milind Gunaji]] || ||
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; textcolor:#000; background:#c7f7df;" |'''13'''
|''[[Encounter (2013 film)|Encounter]]'' || [[Suman Mukhopadhyay]] || [[Ferdous Ahmed]], [[Rajesh Sharma (actor)|Rajesh Sharma]], [[Shantilal Mukherjee]], [[Biswajit Chakraborty]] || [[Action film|Action]], [[Thriller film|thriller]] ||
|-
|''[[Kaal Madhumas]]'' || [[Prabir Roy]] || [[Arindam Sil]], Sudip Sarkar, Rimjhim Gupta, Saptarshi Ray, Ranjini Chatterjee || ||
|-
|''[[Swabhoomi]]'' || Ujjwal Chatterjee || [[Jackie Shroff]], [[Tapas Paul]], [[Debashree Roy]] || ||
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center; textcolor:#000; background:#c7f7df;" |'''20'''
|''[[Tiyasha]]'' || Animesh Roy || [[Saswata Chatterjee]], [[Chandrayee Ghosh]], Soham Basu Roychowdhury || Romance, drama ||
|-
|''[[Bakita Byaktigato]]'' || Pradipta Bhattacharya || [[Ritwick Chakraborty]], [[Aparajita Ghosh Das]], [[Madhabi Mukherjee]], Debesh Raychowdhury, Supriyo Dutta, [[Churni Ganguly]], [[Monu Mukherjee]], [[Sudipa Basu]] || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
|''Shantiniketaney'' || Ashok Biswanathan || [[Roopa Ganguly]], [[Neel Mukherjee (actor)|Neel Mukherjee]], [[Victor Banerjee]], [[Rajesh Sharma (actor)|Rajesh Sharma]], Shruti Bandyopadhyay, [[Paoli Dam]] || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
|''Aaleyar Aalo'' || Debabrata Mukhopadhyay || [[Satabdi Roy]], [[Madhabi Mukherjee]], Minakshi Goswami, [[Shantilal Mukherjee]], [[Rajatava Dutta]], [[Biswajit Chakraborty]] || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center; textcolor:#000; background:#c7f7df;" |'''27'''
|''[[Phoring]]'' || Indranil Raychowdhury || [[Sohini Sarkar]], [[Ritwick Chakraborty]], Dwijen Bandyopadhyay, Shankar Debnath, Senjuti Roy Mukherjee, Akash || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
|''Nayika Sangbad'' || [[Bappaditya Bandopadhyay]] || [[Indraneil Sengupta]], [[Arunima Ghosh]], [[Mumtaz Sorcar]] || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
|''Strugglers: The Reality Behind'' || Anil Bajoria, Balai Biswas || Kamalika, Juhi Sengupta, Vishal, Meghna Halder || [[Horror film|Horror]] ||
|-
|''[[Ami Aaj Nasto Hoye Jai]]'' || Srikanta || Piyali, Swaraj, [[Anamika Saha]], Mrinal Mukherjee, Bodhisatya Majumder || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|}

==October–December==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! colspan="2" style="width:6%;" | Opening
! Title
! style="width:15%;" | Director
! style="width:30%;" | Cast
! Genre
! {{Tooltip|Ref.|References}}
|-
! rowspan="8" style="text-align:center; background:#f7bf87;" | O C T O B E R
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; textcolor:#000; background:#f7dfc7;" | '''4'''
| ''Khomaprarthi'' || Sanddy || Saikat Das, Payel, Saniya, Sanat Das, Sahil Hassan, Madhu Mitra Ghosh, Shome Mitra, Amit Sengupta, Mantu, Soumen Shil || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
| ''Mukti'' || Reshmi Mitra || [[Rituparna Sengupta]], Rajdeep Gupta, [[Monami Ghosh]], [[Silajit Majumder]], [[Sreela Majumdar]]||[[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center; textcolor:#000; background:#f7dfc7;" | '''5'''
|''[[Villain (2013 film)|Villain]]''||[[Tota Roy Chowdhury]]||Tota Roy Chowdhury, [[Rituparna Sengupta]]||Drama||
|-
| rowspan="3" style="text-align:center; textcolor:#000; background:#f7dfc7;" | '''11'''
| ''[[Rangbaaz (2013 film)|Rangbaaz]]'' || Raja Chanda || [[Dev (Bengali actor)|Dev]], [[Koel Mallick]], [[Rajatava Dutta]] || [[Action film|Action]] ||
|-
| ''[[Mishawr Rawhoshyo]]'' || [[Srijit Mukherji]] || [[Prosenjit Chatterjee]], [[Indraneil Sengupta]], [[Swastika Mukherjee]], [[Kamaleshwar Mukherjee]], [[Devdaan Bhowmik]], [[Rajit Kapur]], [[Barun Chanda]], [[Neel Mukherjee (actor)|Neel Mukherjee]], [[Rajesh Sharma (actor)|Rajesh Sharma]] || [[Adventure film|Adventure]], [[thriller film|Thriller]] ||
|-
| ''[[Khiladi (2013 film)|Khiladi]]'' || Ashok Pati || [[Ankush Hazra]], [[Nusrat Jahan]], [[Rajatava Dutta]], [[Laboni Sarkar]], [[Tapas Paul]], [[Kharaj Mukherjee]], [[Kanchan Mullick]] || [[Drama]], [[Romance film|romance]], [[Action film|action]] ||
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; textcolor:#000; background:#f7dfc7;" | '''25'''
| ''Anya Na'' || Parthasarathi Joarddar || [[Nigel Akkara]], [[Ananya Chatterjee]], Krishnakishore Mukherjee, Ratna Ghoshal, [[Koneenica Banerjee]], Arijit Guha || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
| ''Aashbo Aar Ek Din'' || Abhijit Dasgupta || [[Abir Chatterjee]], [[Swastika Mukherjee]], [[Roopa Ganguly]], [[Ridhima Ghosh]], [[Gaurav Chakrabarty]], [[Arindam Sil]] || [[Drama film|Drama]] ||
|-
! rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#bf87f7; " | N O V E M B E R
| style="text-align:center; textcolor:#000; background:#dfc7f7;" | '''10'''
|''[[Sunglass (film)|Sunglass]]''||[[Rituparno Ghosh]]||[[Tota Roy Chowdhury]], [[Konkona Sen Sharma]]||Comedy, Thriller||
|-
| style="text-align:center; textcolor:#000; background:#dfc7f7;" | '''15'''
|''[[Ashchorjyo Prodeep]]''||[[Anik Dutta]]||[[Saswata Chatterjee]], [[Sreelekha Mitra]]||Fantasy||
|-
! rowspan="4" style="text-align:center; background:#87f7bf;" | D E C E M B E R
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; textcolor:#000; background:#c7f7df;" | '''6'''
|''[[Hanuman.com]]''||Gaurabh Pandey||[[Prosenjit Chatterjee]], Mousumi Bhattacharya||Thriller||
|-
|''[[The Play (film)|The Play]]''||[[Ranjay Ray Choudhury]]||[[Indrasish Roy]], [[Mumtaz Sorcar]]||Thriller||
|-
| style="text-align:center; textcolor:#000; background:#c7f7df;" | '''20'''
|''[[Chander Pahar (film)|Chander Pahar]]''||[[Kamaleshwar Mukherjee]]||[[Dev (Bengali actor)|Dev]], Gerard Rudolf||Action, adventure||
|-
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; textcolor:#000; background:#c7f7df;" | '''27'''
|''Sudhu Tomari''||Rajkumar Patra||Rajkumar Patra, Priyanka Shah||Romantic, Drama||<ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-04-01 |title=Action thriller ‘Nasha Jurm aur Gangsters’ gearing up for release |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/bengali/movies/action-thriller-nasha-jurm-aur-gangsters-gearing-up-for-release/articleshow/99174921.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-10-31 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Cinema of West Bengal}}
{{2013 films|state=collapsed}}
{{Indian film list|state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bengali Films Of 2013}}
[[Category:Lists of Bengali films by year|2013]]
[[Category:Lists of 2013 films by language]]
[[Category:2013 in Indian cinema|Bengali]]

Gudupalle mandal

2026-01-03T18:19:03Z

DarellBabcock5: Info - done

{{Short description|Mandal in Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Gudupalle mandal
| settlement_type = [[Mandal]]
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Andhra Pradesh#India
| pushpin_label_position = top
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Andhra Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|12.787|N|78.287|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = India
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts in Andhra Pradesh|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Chittoor district|Chittoor]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of revenue divisions in Andhra Pradesh|Revenue division]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Kuppam revenue division|Kuppam]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset = +05:30
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-point = none
}}

''' Gudupalle mandal''' is one of the 31 [[mandal]]s in [[Chittoor district]] in the [[India]]n state of [[Andhra Pradesh]]. It is a part of [[Kuppam revenue division]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sasidhar |first=B. M. |date=2022-04-04 |title=Chittoor, Tirupati, Annamayya districts formed as part of rejig |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/andhra-pradesh/chittoor-tirupati-annamayya-districts-formed-as-part-of-rejig-736459 |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=The Hans India |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-12-04 |title=Heavy rain lashes easternmandals of Chittoor dist. |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/heavy-rain-lashes-easternmandals-of-chittoor-dist/article33253567.ece |access-date=2022-04-12 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Chittoor district}}

[[Category:Mandals in Chittoor district]]

{{Chittoor-geo-stub}}

Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in India (2021)

2025-12-11T10:43:48Z

DarellBabcock5: Added

{{short description|none}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{main|COVID-19 pandemic in India}}
The following is the timeline of the [[COVID-19 pandemic in India]] from January 2021 to the May 2021. The complexity of the COVID-19 data reporting in India has been scrutinized extensively because of the disagreement between the undocumented morbidity rate and the low rates of case fatality in comparison to other countries.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Visaria |first1=Aayush |last2=Dharamdasani |first2=Tina |title=The complex causes of India's 2021 COVID-19 surge |journal=[[The Lancet]] |date=26 June 2021 |volume=397 |issue=10293 |page=2464 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01219-8 |pmid=34175081 |pmc=8225292 |url=https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S0140-6736%2821%2901219-8}}</ref>

[[File:COVID-19 India Total Cases Animated Map.gif|thumb|Timeline of the pandemic spread across India (30 January 2020 to 3 April 2020)]]
{{TOC limit|2}}

{{clear}}
{{multiple image
| align = left
| caption_align = center
| width = 400
| footer =
| image1 = COVID-19-Pandemie - IN (Indien) - Infizierte (800px).svg
| alt1 = Cases
| caption1 = Cases
| image2 = COVID-19-Pandemie - IN (Indien) - Tote (800px).svg
| alt2 = Deaths
| caption2 = Deaths
}}
{{clear}}

== January [2021] ==
=== 16 January ===
India began its vaccination program, with the initial focus on healthcare workers.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Verma |first=Nidhi |date=2021-01-09 |title=India to start COVID-19 vaccination drive from January 16, government says |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-india-idUSKBN29E0EY |access-date=2021-05-03}}</ref>

=== 19 January ===
[[COVID-19 pandemic in Lakshadweep|Lakshadweep]] becomes the last [[States and union territories of India|region in India]] to report its first case.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-01-20 |title=Lakshadweep reports first coronavirus case |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/lakshadweep-coronavirus-covid-first-case-7152071/ |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

=== 26 January ===
India reported a record low case count of around 9,100 new cases.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Frayer |first1=Lauren |title=The Mystery Of India's Plummeting COVID-19 Cases |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/02/01/962821038/the-mystery-of-indias-plummeting-covid-19-cases |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210503030941/https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/02/01/962821038/the-mystery-of-indias-plummeting-covid-19-cases |archive-date=2021-05-03 |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=NPR.org |date=February 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

== February [2021] ==
The average daily new case count for India fell below 9,000 cases.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=February 2, 2021 |title=With 8,635 Covid-19 cases, India records lowest single-day rise in 8 months |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/coronavirus-outbreak/story/india-records-8-635-fresh-coronavirus-cases-new-deaths-fall-below-120-1765042-2021-02-02 |access-date=2021-05-03 |magazine=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

=== 22 February ===
India surpassed 11 million total cases with more than 150,000 deaths.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-02-22 |title=India's Covid-19 tally over 11 million, death toll at 156,385 |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/indias-covid-19-tally-over-11-million-death-toll-at-156385-101613966685580.html |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>

== March [2021] ==
=== 29 March ===
India surpassed 12 million total cases as the daily case count reached 68,020, the highest in five months.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ahmed |first1=Aftab |last2=Monnappa |first2=Chandini |editor1-last=Jacob-Phillips |editor1-first=Sherry |editor2-last=Cameron-Moore |editor2-first=Simon |title=India suffers highest daily coronavirus infections in five months |work=[[Reuters]] |date=29 March 2021 |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavuirus-india-cases-idUSKBN2BL0I6 |archive-date=5 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221205153208/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavuirus-india-cases-idUSKBN2BL0I6 |location=Bengaluru}}</ref>

== April [2021] ==
=== 1 April ===
Vaccinations were made available to all Indians over the age of 45.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-01 |title=Coronavirus Updates April 1, 2021: Alia Bhatt tests positive for Covid-19 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/coronavirus-outbreak/story/coronavirus-corona-covid19-vaccine-vaccination-india-latest-news-live-updates-april1-2021-1785812-2021-04-01 |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
[[File:Vaccination drive for COVID prevention in Bhopal, India 02.jpg|thumb|Vaccination drive for COVID prevention in [[Bhopal]]]]

=== 2 April ===
India reported 89,129 new cases, the most in more than six months.<ref>{{Cite news |agency=[[Reuters]]|author=Jamkhandikar, Shilpa |date=3 April 2021 |title=India Braces for COVID-19 Curbs as Infections Hit 6-Month High |work=U.S. News |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2021-04-03/indias-daily-coronavirus-infections-hit-six-month-high |access-date=3 May 2021}}</ref> More the 7 million vaccines had been administered.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Perapaddan |first=Bindu Shajan |date=2021-04-03 |title=Coronavirus {{!}} India records 89,129 COVID-19 cases, 714 fatalities in a day, highest in over six months |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/health/coronavirus-india-records-89129-covid-19-cases-714-fatalities-in-a-day-on-april-2-2021-highest-in-over-six-months/article34229232.ece |access-date=2021-05-03 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

=== 4 April ===
In [[Maharashtra|the state of Maharashtra]], new restrictions were imposed in response to the growing case count. Restrictions included the closure of malls, cinemas, and places of worship.<ref>{{Cite news |date=4 April 2021 |title=Restrictions Imposed in Indian State That Accounts for More Than Half of New COVID-19 Cases |work=U.S. News |agency=Reuters |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2021-04-04/indias-richest-state-says-to-impose-new-covid-19-restrictions-weekend-lockdown |access-date=3 May 2021}}</ref>

=== 7 April ===
India's daily case count surpassed 100,000 for the first time with 103,558, surpassing the previous record of 97,894 set in September 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India's daily virus cases soar past 100,000 for first time |url=https://apnews.com/article/pandemics-mumbai-india-coronavirus-pandemic-09f98f8b3747f924d1d19fc541ddd435 |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=AP NEWS|date=20 April 2021 }}</ref> Maharashtra accounted for more than half of the total of the country with a record 57,074 new cases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-05 |title=India's daily virus cases breach 100,000; politicians still hold huge rallies |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/indias-daily-covid-19-cases-surpass-100000-mark-first-time-2021-04-05/ |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=Reuters}}</ref>

=== 8 April ===
India's Prime Minister, [[Narendra Modi]], rejected calls to expand vaccination eligibility as the country hit a new record for daily cases with more than 125,000.<ref>{{Cite news |agency=[[Reuters]]|last1=Arora |first1= Neha |last2= Jadhav |first2=Rajendra |date=8 April 2021 |title=Indian PM Rejects Calls to Widen Vaccine Access as Infections Hit Record |work=U.S. News |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2021-04-08/india-reports-record-126-789-new-covid-19-cases |access-date=3 May 2021}}</ref>

=== 9 April ===
India surpassed 13 million total cases as the country recorded another record daily case count, 131,968, and 780 new deaths.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bhattacharya |first=Amit |title=Coronavirus cases update India: Total Covid caseload tops 13 million, last 1 million in record 11 days {{!}} India News - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/total-caseload-tops-13-million-last-1-million-in-record-11-days/articleshow/81978216.cms |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=The Times of India |date=9 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Many states, including Maharashtra, Odisha and Punjab reported vaccine shortages, and many districts in Maharashtra were forced to suspend vaccine drives.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mitra |first=Esha |date=9 April 2021 |title=India surpasses 13 million Covid-19 cases after record daily increase |work=[[CNN]] |url=https://edition.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-vaccine-updates-04-09-21#h_b617a849bbb8ba5584bde255f7833080 |access-date=3 May 2021}}</ref>

=== 10 April ===
For the fifth time in a week, India recorded a new record number of daily cases, with 145,384 new cases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-10 |title=India's daily COVID-19 cases rise to record for fifth time this week |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-reports-record-145384-covid-19-infections-2021-04-10/ |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=Reuters}}</ref> Authorities in Maharashtra imposed a weekend lockdown to help prevent the spread in the state.

=== 11 April ===
The government of India banned the export of the antiviral drug [[Remdesivir]] and its ingredients as demand skyrocketed in the country.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India bans export of Covid-19 treatment drug remdesivir |url=https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-04-india-export-covid-treatment-drug.html |access-date=2021-05-06 |website=medicalxpress.com |language=en}}</ref> The daily case count hit another record high of over 150,000 cases. The surge was driven farther by large religious gatherings at the Kumbh Mela and massive political rallies with little mask-wearing or social distancing.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-11 |title=India's new COVID-19 cases hit record again amid vaccination push |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-reports-record-152879-new-covid-19-infections-2021-04-11/ |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Did Political Rallies Contribute to an Increase in COVID-19 Cases in India? |url=https://thewire.in/politics/election-rally-covid-19-case-spike |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=The Wire}}</ref>

=== 12 April ===
India officially surpassed [[COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil|Brazil]] for the second most total cases in the world with more than 11.3 million cases, behind only the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|United States]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-03-12 |title=Brazil Passes India for Second-Highest Covid Case Toll in World |language=en |work=Bloomberg.com |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-03-12/brazil-passes-india-for-second-highest-covid-case-toll-in-world |access-date=2021-05-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-12 |title=India's coronavirus tally overtakes Brazil; thousands join ritual bath |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/india-overtakes-brazil-worlds-second-worst-hit-country-by-covid-19-2021-04-12/ |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=Reuters}}</ref>

=== 14 April ===
India recorded more than 200,000 new daily cases for the first time, more than double the peak of the first wave.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India Confirms More Than 200,000 Coronavirus Cases In A Day |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/04/15/987617849/india-confirms-more-than-200-000-coronavirus-cases-in-a-day |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=NPR.org |date=15 April 2021 |language=en|last1=Pathak |first1=Sushmita }}</ref> Many hospitals around the country reported shortages of beds and [[Oxygen therapy|supplemental oxygen]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-14 |title=Amid huge increase in COVID-19 cases, Delhi faces shortage of beds in hospitals |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/delhi/report-amid-huge-increase-in-covid-19-cases-delhi-faces-shortage-of-beds-in-hospitals-2886391 |access-date=2021-05-06 |website=DNA India |language=en}}</ref>

=== 15 April ===
India surpassed 14 million total confirmed COVID infections nationwide as the country reported a record 273,810 new daily cases.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Ashok |date=2021-04-15 |title=India surges past 14 million virus cases after reporting 200,000 in one day |url=https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2021-04-14/with-200-000-in-1-day-india-skyrockets-past-14m-virus-cases |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> In [[Delhi]], hotels and banquet halls were being converted into makeshift hospitals as regular hospitals in the region reached capacity.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Jessie Yeung |date=2021-04-15 |title=Indian capital to convert banquet halls and hotels into Covid treatment facilities |url=https://www.cnn.com/world/live-news/coronavirus-pandemic-vaccine-updates-04-15-21/h_db55b8ee71e6217e3c6c4fc5d10c0c5c |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref>

=== 17 April ===
India reported 261,500 new cases and a record 1,501 new deaths from the disease. [[New Delhi]] reported a record 25,500 new cases and saw their positivity rate reach 30%.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Bhardwaj |first1=Mayank |last2=Kalra |first2=Aditya |date=2021-04-18 |title=COVID-19: India Reports 261,500 New Cases, 1,501 Deaths Over April 17 |url=https://science.thewire.in/health/covid-19-india-reports-261500-new-cases-1501-deaths-over-april-17/ |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=The Wire Science |language=en-GB}}</ref>

=== 18 April ===
India surpassed 15 million total confirmed COVID cases nationwide.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Baker |first=Sinéad |title=India has recorded more than 15 million COVID-19 cases |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/india-coronavirus-surpass-15-million-cases-2021-4 |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=Business Insider |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== 19 April ===
India recorded 273,810 new COVID infections and 1,619 deaths nationwide.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Pandey |first1=Vikas |last2=Nazmi |first2=Shadab |date=20 April 2021 |title=Covid-19 in India: Why second coronavirus wave is devastating |work=[[BBC]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-56811315 |access-date=3 May 2021}}</ref> [[Crematorium]]s running nonstop began to have their metal parts melt, causing experts to speculate that the death total has been severely undercounted.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-19 |title=Non-stop cremations cast doubt on India's counting of COVID dead |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/non-stop-cremations-cast-doubt-indias-counting-covid-dead-2021-04-19/ |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=Reuters}}</ref> Delhi announced a strict, six-day lockdown to help curb the spread of infections around the capital city.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-19 |title=India's Delhi to lock down for six days as COVID-19 outbreak worsens |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/indias-delhi-lock-down-six-days-covid-19-outbreak-worsens-2021-04-19/ |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=Reuters}}</ref>

=== 20 April ===
With 234,000 new cases, in addition to 1,341 new deaths, India recorded more than 1.6 million cases in the span of a week. As hospitals reached capacity, numerous reports indicated that many people died whilst awaiting treatment at and outside of hospitals or after being turned away.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-21 |title='The system has collapsed': India's descent into Covid hell |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/21/system-has-collapsed-india-descent-into-covid-hell |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref>

=== 21 April ===
India reported 314,664 new infections, breaking the record for the most cases in a single day by any country since the pandemic began, surpassing the United States' previous record.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Frayer |first1=Lauren |title=How India Went From A Ray Of Hope To A World Record For Most COVID Cases In A Day |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/04/22/989768074/how-india-went-from-a-ray-of-hope-to-a-world-record-for-most-covid-cases-in-a-da |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=NPR.org |date=22 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

=== 23 April ===
14 COVID patients died when a fire broke out in an [[intensive care unit]] inside a Mumbai hospital. Dozens of patients at multiple hospitals died after running out of oxygen as the oxygen shortage increased around the country.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ray |first=Siladitya |title=Covid-19 Patients Die From Hospital Fire And Oxygen Shortages As Pandemic Continues To Ravage India |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/siladityaray/2021/04/23/covid-19-patients-die-from-hospital-fire-and-oxygen-shortages-as-pandemic-continues-to-ravage-india/ |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref>

The country surpassed 16 million total cases and reported 332,730 new cases.<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=As India's COVID-19 Crisis Deepens, Modi Fails to Lead |url=https://time.com/5957118/india-covid-19-modi/ |access-date=2021-05-03 |magazine=Time}}</ref>

=== 24 April ===
India reported a record 346,786 new cases and 2,624 deaths.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-04-24 |title=India Covid surge: Hospitals send SOS as record deaths registered |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-56870410 |access-date=2021-05-03}}</ref>

=== 25 April ===
During a phone call with Indian national security adviser Ajit Doval, United States White House national security adviser [[Jake Sullivan]] said that the US pledged to provide medical aid to India despite the US previously banning the export of raw materials necessary of vaccines.<ref>{{Cite web |title=U.S. Pledges Medical Aid To India, Where COVID-19 Is Overwhelming Hospitals |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/04/25/990676453/u-s-pledges-medical-aid-to-india-where-covid-19-is-overwhelming-hospitals |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=NPR.org |date=25 April 2021 |language=en|last1=Lonsdorf |first1=Kat }}</ref> India was running critically low on medical oxygen, COVID vaccines, and hospital beds.

For the fourth day in a row, India set a new record for most cases in a single day by any country with nearly 350,000 new infections.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Frayer |first1=Lauren |title=India's COVID-19 Cases Break World Records 4 Days In A Row |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/04/25/990610406/indias-covid-19-cases-break-world-records-4-days-in-a-row |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=NPR.org |date=25 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

The Indian government ordered [[social media]] platforms [[Facebook]], [[Instagram]], and [[Twitter]] to remove dozens of posts that were critical of the government and its handling of the pandemic.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Singh |first1=Karan Deep |last2=Mozur |first2=Paul |date=2021-04-25 |title=As Outbreak Rages, India Orders Critical Social Media Posts to Be Taken Down |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/25/business/india-covid19-twitter-facebook.html |access-date=2021-05-03 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

=== 26 April ===
India surpassed 17 million total cases just three days after surpassing 16 million.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India crosses 17 million Covid-19 cases amid crisis |url=https://www.efe.com/efe/english/world/india-crosses-17-million-covid-19-cases-amid-crisis/50000262-4520920 |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=www.efe.com |language=en}}</ref> India reported 352,991 new cases, a new record. The United Kingdom, European Union, and Pakistan joined the US in pledging to provide critical medical supplies to the country.<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=How the World Is Helping India Fight Its COVID-19 Catastrophe |url=https://time.com/5958725/india-covid-19-world-aid/ |access-date=2021-05-03 |magazine=Time}}</ref> More than 109 million Indians had received at least one vaccination and 17 million were fully vaccinated.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-04-27 |title=Why India's Covid crisis matters to the whole world |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-56907007 |access-date=2021-05-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ng |first=Abigail |date=2021-04-20 |title=More than half India's population could be immune by September, says hospital executive |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/20/over-half-indias-population-could-be-immune-by-september-apollo-hospitals.html |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref>

=== 27 April ===
India's health ministry reported 362,757 new cases and 3,285 deaths, marking the seventh consecutive day that the country reported more than 300,000 new cases and the first time that more than 3,000 deaths were reported in a day.<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 April 2021 |editor=Lisa Schnirring |title=India's daily COVID-19 cases break yet another record |url=https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2021/04/indias-daily-covid-19-cases-break-yet-another-record |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=CIDRAP |language=en}}</ref>

=== 28 April ===
United States president [[Joe Biden]] pledged to deliver US$100 million worth of supplies to India, including oxygen cylinders, concentrators, and generation units, [[personal protective equipment]] (including masks), vaccine ingredients, and COVID tests.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-04-28 |title=FACT SHEET: Biden-Harris Administration Delivers Emergency COVID-19 Assistance for India |url=https://bidenwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/04/28/fact-sheet-biden-harris-administration-delivers-emergency-covid-19-assistance-for-india/ |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=The White House |language=en-US}}</ref>

The country surpassed 200,000 total deaths from the pandemic<ref>{{Cite web |title=India surges past 200,000 Covid deaths amid record new cases |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/india-passes-200-000-covid-19-deaths-new-cases-spike-n1265598 |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=NBC News |date=28 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref> as experts warn the number are likely woefully undercounted.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India grieves 200,000 dead with many more probably uncounted |url=https://apnews.com/article/health-science-india-new-delhi-coronavirus-ce2940e7aa5cb869e76370b0414ec36b |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=AP NEWS|date=28 April 2021 }}</ref> India reported 360,960 new cases and 3,293 new deaths.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Choudhury |first=Saheli Roy |date=2021-04-28 |title=India reports record new cases and fatalities, official Covid death toll surpasses 200,000 |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/04/28/india-covid-second-wave.html |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref>

=== 29 April ===
India surpassed 18 million cases three days after passing 17 India reported a new record of 379,257 new infections and 386,453 new deaths. The United States formally advised against travelling to India and advised US citizens to leave India "as soon as it is safe to do so."<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-04-29 |title=India Covid crisis: US tells citizens to leave the country |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-56932513 |access-date=2021-05-03}}</ref>

=== 30 April ===
India reported 386,453 new infections and 3,498 deaths.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Frayer |first1=Lauren |title=India Is Counting Thousands Of Daily COVID Deaths. How Many Is It Missing? |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/04/30/992451165/india-is-counting-thousands-of-daily-covid-deaths-how-many-is-it-missing |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=NPR.org |date=30 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

== May [2021] ==
=== 1 May ===
India officially expanded eligibility to all adults over the age of 18, but at least seven regions are already experiencing vaccine shortages.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Jessie Yeung and Manveena Suri |title=Every adult in India is now eligible for Covid vaccine shots, but some states say they have none to offer |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/01/india/india-covid-vaccine-rollout-delay-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=CNN|date=May 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |first=Milan |last=Sharma |date=1 May 2021 |title=Covid-19 vaccination for 18+ begins today: Details of private facilities in major cities |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/coronavirus-outbreak/vaccine-updates/story/covid-vaccination-18-begins-details-private-facilities-major-cities-1796831-2021-05-01 |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

The country reported its highest ever single-day case count of 401,993,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Beer |first=Tommy |title=Photos Show The Distressing Severity Of India's Covid-19 Crisis |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/tommybeer/2021/05/01/photos-show-the-distressing-severity-of-indias-covid-19-crisis/ |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=Forbes |language=en}}</ref> the first time the number has eclipsed 400,000 and the tenth consecutive day it has passed 300,000. There were also 3,523 newly reported deaths, bringing the total to 211,853.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-01 |title=India's daily Covid-19 cases pass 400,000 for first time as second wave worsens |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/05/01/india-covid-daily-coronavirus-cases-pass-400000-for-first-time.html |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref> With the addition of these numbers, the country officially surpassed 19 million total cases.

=== 2 May ===
India reported a record 3,689 new deaths and 392,488 new cases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 May 2021 |title=India records highest single-day toll of 3,689 Covid deaths, over 3.9 lakh new cases |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/coronavirus-outbreak/story/india-highest-single-day-death-toll-coronavirus-1797963-2021-05-02 |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>

=== 3 May ===
India reported 368,060 new cases nationwide as well as 3,417 deaths.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-03 |title=Vaccine shortages blight India's efforts to contain Covid crisis |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/may/03/vaccine-shortages-blight-indias-efforts-to-contain-covid-crisis |access-date=2021-05-03 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref>

=== 4 May ===
India surpassed 20 million total cases since the start of the pandemic.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Choudhury |first=Saheli Roy |date=2021-05-04 |title=India reports more than 357,000 new Covid cases as total crosses 20 million |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/05/04/india-covid-crisis-total-reported-cases-cross-20-million.html |access-date=2021-05-04 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref> The country reported 357,229 new confirmed cases and 3,449 new deaths.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Schemm |first1=Paul |last2=Hassan |first2=Jennifer |date=4 May 2021 |title=India cracks 20 million coronavirus cases as infections spread |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2021/05/04/coronavirus-covid-live-updates-us/ |access-date=4 May 2021}}</ref>

=== 5 May ===
India reported a record 3,780 additional deaths and 382,315 additional confirmed cases,<ref>{{Cite news |date=2021-05-04 |title=Covid Forecasters Warn India Deaths May Double in Coming Weeks |language=en |work=Bloomberg.com |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-04/covid-forecasters-warn-india-deaths-may-double-in-coming-weeks |access-date=2021-05-05}}</ref> and experts warned that the true number of deaths could be as much as ten times higher than what has been reported.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hein |first=Alexandria |date=2021-05-05 |title=India coronavirus deaths hit record high as hospitals plead for supplies |url=https://www.foxnews.com/health/india-coronavirus-deaths-record-high |access-date=2021-05-05 |website=Fox News |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== 6 May ===
The country reported 412,262 new confirmed cases, the most for a single day for any country in the world since the pandemic began.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India hits another grim virus record as oxygen demand jumps |url=https://apnews.com/article/india-middle-east-coronavirus-pandemic-health-4b830485ce09b3e7eeea40c5522d4d21 |access-date=2021-05-06 |website=AP NEWS|date=6 May 2021 }}</ref> With this record-breaking increase, India officially passed 21 million total confirmed cases with 21,077,410.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-06 |title=India's COVID-19 cases surpass 21 million amid oxygen supply issues |url=https://www.euronews.com/2021/05/06/india-s-covid-19-cases-surpass-21-million-amid-oxygen-supply-issues |access-date=2021-05-06 |website=euronews |language=en}}</ref> 3,980 new deaths were also reported.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India's worst COVID record: Over 400,000 new cases, 3,980 deaths |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/5/6/indias-worst-covid-record-over-400000-new-cases-3980-deaths |access-date=2021-05-06 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref> India's demand for supplemental oxygen had increased seven times over in the last month.<ref>{{Cite web |agency=Associated Press |title=India COVID-19 cases top 400,000 for a second time as oxygen demand jumps seven-fold |url=https://www.marketwatch.com/story/india-covid-19-cases-top-400-000-for-a-second-time-as-oxygen-demand-jumps-seven-fold-01620279706 |access-date=2021-05-06 |website=MarketWatch |date=6 May 2021 |language=EN-US}}</ref>

=== 7 May ===
India reported a new record high for daily confirmed cases with 414,188 and 3,915 deaths.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Choudhury |first=Saheli Roy |date=2021-05-07 |title=India reports over 400,000 daily cases for the third time in a week as second wave hammers country |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/05/07/india-covid-crisis-daily-cases-rise-above-400000-again.html |access-date=2021-05-07 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref> In the past seven days, the country has reported more than 2.7 million new cases and nearly 26,000 new deaths. Congress leader Rahul Gandhi wrote a letter to Prime Minister Narendra Modi imploring him to impose a national lockdown to help snuff the surge.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-07 |title='National lockdown almost inevitable': Rahul writes to Modi again, lists four 'urgent' suggestions on Covid-19 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/rahul-gandhi-letter-to-narendra-modi-coronavirus-second-wave-7305536/ |access-date=2021-05-07 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Pressure rises for India lockdown; surge breaks record again |url=https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-india-modi-4b84e957a87139ac6bd90390f2d08b42 |access-date=2021-05-07 |website=AP NEWS|date=7 May 2021 }}</ref>

=== 8 May ===
India reported a record number of new deaths with 4,187. The country also reported 401,078 new confirmed cases, marking the third consecutive day of 400,000 or more cases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-08 |title=India posts record daily rise in Covid deaths as case numbers surge |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/05/08/india-posts-record-daily-rise-in-covid-deaths-as-case-numbers-surge.html |access-date=2021-05-08 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref> [[CBS News]] reported that people in India were dying faster than they could be cremated or buried, leading to makeshift crematoriums appearing around the country.<ref>{{Cite news |date=May 8, 2021 |title=India's COVID-19 deaths hit record high amid calls for nationwide lockdown |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/india-covid-19-death-toll-nationwide-lockdown/ |access-date=2021-05-08 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en}}</ref>

=== 9 May ===
India reported 403,405 new confirmed cases, the fourth day in a row with more than 400,000 cases, along with 4,077 new deaths.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India: More Than 400,000 COVID Cases and More Than 4,000 Death in 24 Hours |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/covid-19-pandemic_india-more-400000-covid-cases-and-more-4000-death-24-hours/6205614.html |access-date=2021-05-10 |website=Voice of America |date=9 May 2021 |language=en}}</ref> The country officially surpassed 22 million total confirmed cases.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-09 |title=India's Covid-19 tally tops 22 million with 403,738 new cases, 4,092 fresh fatalities |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/indias-single-day-covid-19-tally-rises-to-403-738-death-toll-above-4000-101620532559607.html |access-date=2021-05-10 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>

=== 10 May ===
India's new daily case and death count dropped slightly to 366,161 and 3,754, respectively.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-10 |title=India COVID cases hold close to record highs as calls widen for national lockdown |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-posts-366161-new-coronavirus-cases-over-last-24-hours-2021-05-10/ |access-date=2021-05-10 |website=Reuters}}</ref> Calls for a nationwide lockdown intensified, with Dr. Anthony Fauci, Chief Medical Advisor to the President of the US, joining in as well.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Helen Regan, Swati Gupta and Manveena Suri |title=Fauci joins calls for nationwide lockdown to contain India's Covid crisis |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/10/india/india-lockdowns-covid-modi-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2021-05-10 |website=CNN|date=10 May 2021 }}</ref>

=== 11 May ===
India reported 329,942 new confirmed cases, the lowest number of new cases since 26 April, along with 3,876 deaths.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-11 |title=India's seven-day COVID average at new high, WHO issues warning on strain |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/indias-seven-day-covid-average-new-high-who-issues-warning-strain-2021-05-11/ |access-date=2021-05-11 |website=Reuters}}</ref> The [[Variants of SARS-CoV-2|SARS-CoV-2 variant]] known as [[Lineage B.1.617|B.1.617]], the triple-mutant spreading mainly in India,<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Doucleff |first1=Michaeleen |title=People Are Talking About A 'Double Mutant' Variant In India. What Does That Mean? |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2021/04/24/988744811/people-are-talking-about-a-double-mutant-variant-in-india-what-does-that-mean |access-date=2021-05-11 |website=NPR.org |date=24 April 2021 |language=en}}</ref> was declared a "variant of concern" by the [[World Health Organization]],<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Zimmer |first1=Carl |last2=Slotnik |first2=Daniel E. |last3=Singh |first3=Karan Deep |date=2021-05-10 |title=A coronavirus variant first found in India is now officially a 'variant of concern,' the W.H.O. said. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/10/world/asia/india-covid-virus-variant.html |access-date=2021-05-11 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-11 |title=B.1.617 variant of concern at global level: WHO |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/b1617-variant-of-concern-at-global-level-who-101620675440094.html |access-date=2021-05-11 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref> indicating that it is perceived as a "global threat."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lovelace |first=Berkeley Jr |date=2021-05-10 |title=WHO classifies triple-mutant Covid variant from India as global health risk |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/05/10/who-classifies-triple-mutant-covid-variant-from-india-as-global-health-risk-.html |access-date=2021-05-11 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref>

=== 12 May ===
India reported 4,205 new deaths from the virus, the most in a 24-hour span since the pandemic began for any country in the world, pushing its death total past 250,000.<ref>{{Cite web|last1= Miglani |first1=Sanjeev |last2=Siddiqui|first2= Danish |date=2021-05-12 |title='A hell out here': COVID-19 ravages rural India |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/indias-covid-deaths-cross-quarter-million-mark-no-sign-peak-2021-05-12/ |access-date=2021-05-12 |website=Reuters}}</ref> The total number of confirmed cases surpassed 23 million, with 23,340,938 cases being confirmed since the start of the pandemic.<ref>{{Cite news |agency=Reuters |date=2021-05-12 |title=India's Covid-19 deaths cross quarter million as virus ravages countryside |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1623477 |access-date=2021-05-12 |work=Dawn |language=en}}</ref>

It was reported that many COVID-positive patients were being infected with a potentially fatal "[[Mucormycosis|black fungus]],"<ref>{{Cite web |last=Choudhury |first=Saheli Roy |date=2021-05-11 |title=Indian authorities warn of rare fungal infection seen in some Covid-19 patients |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2021/05/11/india-covid-crisis-mucormycosis-fungal-infection.html |access-date=2021-05-12 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Rodriguez |first=Adrianna |title='Black fungus' is appearing more frequently among COVID-19 patients in India. What to know about the deadly infection. |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/health/2021/05/12/black-fungus-india-covid-patients-face-rare-deadly-fungal-infection/5020060001/ |access-date=2021-05-12 |website=USA TODAY |language=en-US}}</ref> with at least 300 cases in the state of [[Gujarat]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sapienza |first=Brandon |title=India is dealing with a deadly black fungus as the country continues to battle COVID-19 |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/ny-india-fungus-coronavirus-20210512-2s4vcueskfayxklgaal2omg4b4-story.html |access-date=2021-05-12 |website=nydailynews.com|date=11 May 2021 }}</ref>

=== 13 May ===
India reported another 362,727 new confirmed cases and 4,120 new deaths.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-13 |title=India reports 362,727 new coronavirus infections |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-reports-362727-new-coronavirus-infections-2021-05-13/ |access-date=2021-05-13 |website=Reuters}}</ref> Government advisor V. K. Paul stated that more than two billion doses of COVID vaccines would be made available between August and December 2021, including 750 million produced by [[Astrazeneca]] and 550 million Covaxin, made by [[Bharat Biotech]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-13 |title=More than 2 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines to become available India soon, govt advisor says |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/more-than-2-billion-doses-covid-19-vaccines-become-available-india-soon-govt-2021-05-13/ |access-date=2021-05-13 |website=Reuters}}</ref>

Vitalik Buterin donated [[US dollar|US$]]1.14 billion worth of [[cryptocurrency]] to the India [[COVID-Crypto Relief Fund]], including 500 [[Ethereum|Ether]] and over 50 trillion [[Shiba Inu coin|Shiba Tokens]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Vigna |first=Caitlin Ostroff and Paul |date=2021-05-13 |title=Ethereum Luminary Makes $1 Billion Covid-19 Gift—in Shiba Inu Coin |language=en-US |work=Wall Street Journal |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/ethereum-luminary-makes-1-billion-covid-19-donationin-shiba-inu-coin-11620862550 |access-date=2021-05-13 |issn=0099-9660}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethereum creator donates $1 billion worth of meme coins to India |url=https://techcrunch.com/2021/05/12/vitalik-buterin-donates-1-billion-worth-of-meme-coins-to-india-covid-relief-fund/ |access-date=2021-05-13 |website=TechCrunch |date=12 May 2021 |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== 14–17 May ===
India's daily case count fell for three consecutive days, with 343,144 on 14 May, 326,098 on 15 May, 311,170 on 16 May, and 281,386 on 17 May, the lowest daily total since 19 April.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-17 |title=Glimmer of hope seen in India, but virus crisis not over yet |url=https://apnews.com/article/india-coronavirus-pandemic-science-health-business-d23d000a99574f0b9e0cff2b58c3bd1b |access-date=2021-05-17 |website=AP NEWS}}</ref> Deaths stayed relatively steady, with 4,000, 3,890, 4,077, and 4,106 new deaths on the same days, respectively.

The country surpassed 24 million total cases on 14 May.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India COVID cases above 24 million as mutant spreads across globe |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/5/14/india-covid-cases-above-24-million-as-mutant-spreads-across-globe |access-date=2021-05-17 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref>

[[Cyclone Tauktae|Tropical Cyclone Tauktae]] made landfall on 17 May near [[Una, Gujarat]] in [[Gujarat]], hampering efforts to combat the virus.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Jessie Yeung and Esha Mitra |title=India lashed by strongest cyclone to ever hit west coast as it reels from Covid disaster |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/18/india/india-cyclone-tauktae-covid-monsoon-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2021-05-19 |website=CNN|date=18 May 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Cyclone Tauktae strikes India's west coast, disrupting crucial battle against coronavirus |language=en-US |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/cyclone-tauktae-india-coronavirus/2021/05/17/8552210e-b713-11eb-bc4a-62849cf6cca9_story.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=2021-05-19 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref>

=== 18 May ===
India surpassed 25 million total cases,<ref>{{Cite web |title=India surpasses 25 million COVID-19 cases as powerful cyclone slows response effort |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/india-surpasses-25-million-covid-19-cases-powerful/story?id=77753777 |access-date=2021-05-19 |website=ABC News |language=en}}</ref> recording another 263,533 cases and a record 4,329 new deaths.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India's COVID cases cross 25 million, deaths rise by record 4,329 |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/5/18/indias-covid-cases-cross-25-million-deaths-rise-by-record-4329 |access-date=2021-05-19 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en}}</ref>

=== 19 May ===
In addition to 267,334 new cases, India had the deadliest day since the start of the pandemic for any country,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-19 |title=India sets global record for daily coronavirus deaths |url=https://apnews.com/article/india-coronavirus-pandemic-health-ce604ee88062c459e0a3bd9f1e1ed686 |access-date=2021-05-19 |website=AP NEWS}}</ref> with 4,529 COVID-related deaths.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mashal |first=Mujib |date=2021-05-19 |title=India records the pandemic's highest known daily death toll for a single country. |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/19/world/india-covid-deaths.html |access-date=2021-05-19 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=In India, the deadliest day for any country since the pandemic began |language=en-US |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/india-deadliest-covid-day/2021/05/19/2452925c-b89a-11eb-bc4a-62849cf6cca9_story.html |url-access=subscription |access-date=2021-05-19 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref>

=== 20 May ===
India reported an additional 276,110 cases and 3,874 deaths.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-20|title=India's Bharat Biotech ramps up vaccine production, 'black fungus' cases add to COVID-19 woes|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-reports-276110-new-coronavirus-infections-2021-05-20/|access-date=2021-05-24|website=Reuters}}</ref>

=== 21 May ===
India surpassed 26 million total cases<ref>{{Cite web|title=India's COVID-19 cases top 26 million, daily deaths again surpass 4,000 |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-05/21/c_139960518.htm|access-date=2021-05-24|website=www.xinhuanet.com}}</ref> after reporting an additional 259,551 and 4,209 deaths.<ref>{{Cite web|title=India reports 2,59,551 new Covid cases, 4,209 deaths|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/india-reports-2-59-551-new-covid-cases-4-209-deaths-256242|access-date=2021-05-24|website=Tribuneindia News Service|language=en}}</ref>

=== 22–23 May ===
India's new case count continued to fall steadily, with the country reporting 257,299 and 240,842 new cases on 22 and 23 May, respectively. The country also reported 4,194 and 3,741 new deaths.<ref>{{Cite web|title='Black fungus' adds to India's COVID woes|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/5/22/covid-spreads-to-rural-india-as-deaths-again-rise-above-4000|access-date=2021-05-24|website=www.aljazeera.com|language=en}}</ref>
[[File:Free medicine for COVID-19 provided by Govt of Madhya Pradesh.jpg|thumb|Free medicine for COVID-19 provided by Govt of [[Madhya Pradesh]]]]

=== 24 May ===
India officially surpassed 300,000 total deaths from the virus,<ref>{{Cite web|author=Eliza Mackintosh|title=India's Covid deaths top 300,000|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/24/world/coronavirus-newsletter-intl-05-24-21/index.html|access-date=2021-05-24|website=CNN|date=24 May 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-05-24|title=India records 300,000 Covid deaths as pandemic rages|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-57224565|access-date=2021-05-24}}</ref> reporting an additional 4,454 deaths, the second highest total since the pandemic began, and 222,315 new cases. A total of 8,800 cases of black fungus had been reported nationwide among COVID patients.<ref>{{Cite web|title='Black fungus' strikes fear in India as Covid deaths pass 300,000|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/black-fungus-strikes-fear-indian-hospitals-covid-deaths-pass-300-n1268305|access-date=2021-05-24|website=NBC News|date=24 May 2021 |language=en}}</ref>

=== 25 May ===
India reported an additional 196,427 positive cases, the first time under 200,000 since 13 April, 42 days prior.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-05-25|title=DATA STORY: India's Covid tally sees first daily rise of under 200,000 in 40 days|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/data-story-india-s-covid-tally-sees-first-daily-rise-of-under-200-000-in-40-days-121052500677_1.html|access-date=2021-05-25}}</ref> The country also reported 3,511 new deaths, the lowest since 3 May.

=== 26 May ===
India surpassed 27 million total cases, adding another 208,921 new cases 4,157 new deaths.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-05-26|title=India's total coronavirus cases cross 27 million|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/indias-total-coronavirus-cases-cross-27-million-2021-05-26/|access-date=2021-06-06|website=Reuters}}</ref>

=== 27–30 May ===
India's daily case count fell steadily, from 211,298 to 165,553 by 30 May. The daily death count fell as alongside the case count, falling from 3,847 on 27 May to 3,460 on 30 May.

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=lower-roman}}

== References ==
<references />

{{#invoke:COVID-19 pandemic|}}
{{COVID-19 pandemic in India}}

[[Category:COVID-19 pandemic in India|2021]]
[[Category:Disease outbreaks in India|Coronavirus 2021]]
[[Category:Timelines of the COVID-19 pandemic in India|2021]]
[[Category:Indian history timelines|Coronavirus 2021]]
[[Category:2021 in India|Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in India 2021]]

List of Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize winners for Marathi

2025-12-11T06:51:11Z

DarellBabcock5: started the stub w/ refs

{{Short description|List of winners of a literary honor in India}}
{{Sahitya Akademi Awards}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2023}}
'''Sahitya Akademi Translation Prizes''' are given each year to writers for their outstanding translations work in the 24 languages, since 1989.

==Recipients==
Following is the list of recipients of Sahitya Akademi translation prizes for their works written in [[Marathi language|Marathi]]. The award, as of 2019, consisted of {{INR}}50,000.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/awards/sahitya_akademi_prize.jsp | title=..:: SAHITYA : Sahitya Akademi Prize :: }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year
! Translator
! Title of the translation
! Original Title
! Original Language
! Genre
! Original Author
! class=unsortable|References
|-
| 1989 || Uma Virupax Kulkarni || ''Vamsavriksha'' || ''Vamshavriksha'' || Kannada || Novel || [[S. L. Bhyrappa]] ||
|-
| 1990 || [[Shripad Raghunath Joshi|Shripad Joshi]] || ''Rag Darbari'' || ''[[Raag Darbari (novel)|Rag Darbari]]'' || Hindi || Novel || [[Shrilal Shukla]] ||
|-
| 1991 || Chandrakant Patil || ''Tamas'' || ''[[Artistic depictions of the partition of India#Tamas|Tamas]]'' || Hindi || Novel || [[Bhisham Sahni]] ||
|-
| 1992 || Naresh Kavadi || ''Karmelin'' || ''Karmelin'' || Konkani || Novel || [[Damodar Mauzo]] ||
|-
| 1993 || Vilas Gite || ''Rabindranathanchya Sahavasat'' || ''Mangupte Rabindra Nath'' || Bengali || Poetry || [[Maitreyi Devi]] ||
|-
| 1994 || Usha T. Purohit || ''Saat Paaule Akashi'' || ''Sat Pagala Akashma'' || Gujarati || Novel || [[Kundanika Kapadia]] ||
|-
| 1995 || Pradeep G. Deshpande || ''Adhunik Stotra'' || ''Latter-Day-Psalms'' || English || Poetry || [[Nissim Ezekiel]] ||
|-
| 1996 || Vasant Keshav Patil || ''Dashadwar Te Sopan'' || ''Dashadwar Se Sopan Tak'' || Hindi || Autobiography || [[Harivansh Rai Bachchan]] ||
|-
| 1997 || Chandrakant Bhonjal || ''Sakshidar'' || ''Pratyaksha Darshi'' || Hindi || Novel || Jitendra Bhatiya ||
|-
| 1998 || Nishikant Thakar Sadaraa || ''Noukaraacha'' || ''Noukar ki Kamiz'' || Hindi || Novel || [[Vinod Kumar Shukla]] ||
|-
| 1999 || Hema Javdeker Rukmani || ''Na Radha Na'' || ''Na Radha Na'' || Punjabi || Novel || [[Amrita Pritam]] ||
|-
| 2000 || Dhanashri Halbe || ''Ausepchi Mule'' || ''Ouseppinte Makkal'' || Malayalam || Novel || [[Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai]] ||
|-
| 2001 || Bhaskar Laxman Bholay || ''Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar : Anubhav Ani Athavani'' || ''Reminiscencess and Remembrances of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar'' || English || Biography || [[Nanak Chand Rattu]] ||
|-
| 2002 || Ibrahim Afgan || ''Hak'' || ''Diwaron Ke Beech'' || Urdu || Autobiography || [[Nida Fazli]] ||
|-
| 2003 || Aparna Velankar || ''The God of Small Things'' || [[The God of Small Things]] || English || Novel || [[Arundhati Roy]] ||
|-
| 2004 || Mrinalini Prabhakar Gadkari || ''Devdas'' || ''[[Devdas|Deodas]]'' || Bengali || Novel || [[Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay]] ||
|-
| 2005 || Ashok Jain || ''Antahstha'' || ''[[The Insider (Rao novel)|The Insider]]'' || English || Novel ([[Roman à clef]]) || [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]] ||
|-
| 2006 || Asawari Kakade || ''Bol Madhavi'' || ''Bolo Madhavi'' || Hindi || Poetry || [[Chandra Prakash Deval]] ||
|-
| 2007 || Ranjana Parthak || ''Pahilee Jaag'' || ''[[First Light (Ganguly novel)|Pratham Alo]]'' || Bengali || Novel || [[Sunil Gangopadhyay]] ||
|-
| 2008 || Suryanarayan Ransubhe || ''Khota Satya'' || ''[[Jhutha Sach (novel)|Jhoota Sach]]'' || Hindi || Novel || [[Yashpal]] ||
|-
| 2009 || Jayprakash Sawant || ''Kalikatha Via Bypass'' || ''[[Alka Saraogi#Kalikatha Via Bypass|Kalikatha Via Bypass]]'' || Hindi || Novel || [[Alka Saraogi]] ||
|-
| 2010 || Saroj Deshpande || ''Ashi Kalvel'' || ''[[A Matter of Time (Deshpande novel)|A Matter Of Time]]'' || English || Novel || [[Shashi Deshpande]] ||
|-
| 2011 || [[Kavita Mahajan]] || ''Rajai'' || ''[[Lihaaf]]'' || Urdu || Short Stories || [[Ismat Chughtai]] || <ref name="Pune Mirror">{{cite web |last1=Brahme |first1=Nitin |title=Sahitya Akademi award for Kavita Mahajan |url=https://punemirror.com/pune/cover-story/sahitya-akademi-award-for-kavita-mahajan/cid5137896.htm |website=punemirror.com |date=15 February 2012 |access-date=6 July 2022}}</ref><ref name="The Hindu">{{cite news |title=Marathi litterateur Kavita Mahajan passes away in Pune |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/marathi-litterateur-kavita-mahajan-passes-away-in-pune/article25062776.ece |newspaper=The Hindu |date=27 September 2018 |access-date=6 July 2022}}</ref>
|-
| 2012 || Sharda Sathe || ''Panthastha : Eka Bhartiya Samyavadi Netyachi Mushaphiri'' || [[Mohit Sen#A Traveller and the Road: A Journey of an Indian Communist|A Traveller And The Road]] || English || Biography || [[Mohit Sen]] ||
|-
| 2013 || [[Francis D'Britto]] || ''Subodh Bible-Naya Karar'' || ''[[Bible|Bible: The New Testament]]'' || - || Religious text || - || <ref>{{cite web|url=http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/e-newsletter/July-August_2014_NewsLetter.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize 2013- News Letter|date= 22 August 2014|publisher=Sahitya-akademi.gov.in}}</ref>
|-
| 2014 || M.S. Patil || ''Smrutibhranshanantar'' || ''After Amnesia'' || English || Literary Criticism || [[G. N. Devy|Ganesh Devy]] ||
|-
| 2015 || style="background:#f5a9a9; text-align:center;" colspan=7| '''''No Award'''''
|-
| 2016 || Milind Champanerkar || ''Lokashahivadi Ammis: Dirghapatra'' || ''[[Ammi: Letter to a Democratic Mother]]'' || English || Novel || [[Saeed Akhtar Mirza]] ||
|-
| 2017 || Sujata Deshmukh || ''Gauhar Jaan Mhanatat Mala'' || ''[[Vikram Sampath#Gauhar Jaan|My Name Is Gauhar Jaan]]'' || English || Biography || [[Vikram Sampath]]||
|-
| 2018 || [[Prafull Shiledar]] || ''Sanshayatma'' || ''Sanshayatma'' || Hindi || Poetry || Dnyanendrapati || <ref>{{cite web|url=http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/awards/anuvad_samman_suchi.jsp |title=AKADEMI TRANSLATION PRIZES (1989-2018) |website=Sahitya Akademi |accessdate=20 November 2019 }}</ref>
|-
| 2019 || Sai Paranjpye || ''Aani Mag Ek Divas'' || ''And Then One Day'' || Bengali || Poetry || [[Naseeruddin Shah]] || <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://indiaculture.nic.in/sites/default/files/press_release/Pressrelease_TP_2019_25_02_2020.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Newsletter|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2020-02-24|archive-date=}}</ref>
|-
| 2020 || Sonali Navangul || ''Madhyaratrinantarche Tas'' || ''Irandam Jaamanklin Kathai'' || Tamil || Novel || Salama || <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/TP-2020-EWeb.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Prize for Translation 2020|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2021-09-18|archive-date=}}</ref>
|-
| 2021 || Kumar Nawathe || ''Sea of Poppies'' || ''[[Sea of Poppies]]'' || English || Novel || [[Amitav Ghosh]] || <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Pressrelease_TP-2021.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Prize for Translation 2021|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2022-07-05|archive-date=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Shanta Gokhale, Kumar Nawathe among winners of Sahitya Akademi Prize for Translation 2021 |url=https://scroll.in/latest/1026908/shanta-gokhale-kumar-nawathe-among-winners-of-sahitya-akademi-prize-for-translation-2021 |website=scroll.in |date=25 June 2022|access-date=8 May 2023}}</ref>
|-
| 2022 || Pramod Mujumdar || ''Salokhayache Pradesh : Shodh Sahishnu Bhartacha'' || ''In Good Faith'' || English || Non fiction || Saba Naqvi || <ref name=":6">{{Cite web|url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Pressrelease_TP-2022.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize 2022|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2023-07-03|archive-date=}}</ref>
|-
| 2023 || Abhay Sadavarte || ''Brahmos : Eka Adnyat Samshodhanayatrechi Yashogatha'' || ''Success Mantra of Brahmos'' || English || Non-Fiction || [[A. Sivathanu Pillai]] || <ref>{{cite web |title=SAHITYA AKADEMI PRIZE FOR TRANSLATION 2023 |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2013527 |website=www.pib.gov.in |access-date=12 July 2024}}</ref>
|}

== See also ==
{{Portal|India|Literature}}
* [[List of Sahitya Akademi Award winners for Marathi]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/awards/anuvad_samman_suchi.jsp#MARATHI Akademi Translation Prizes For Marathi Language]

{{Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize}}

[[Category:Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize|Marathi]]
[[Category:Indian literary awards]]

List of Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize winners for Kashmiri

2025-12-11T06:50:49Z

DarellBabcock5: started initial details w/ refs

{{Short description|List of winners of a literary honor in India}}
{{Sahitya Akademi Awards}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2023}}
'''Sahitya Akademi Translation Prizes''' are given each year to writers for their outstanding translations work in the 24 languages, since 1989.

==Recipients==
Following is the list of recipients of [[Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize|Sahitya Akademi translation prizes]] for their works written in [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]]. The award, as of 2019, consisted of {{INR}}50,000.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/awards/sahitya_akademi_prize.jsp | title=..:: SAHITYA : Sahitya Akademi Prize :: }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Year
! Translator
! Title of the translation
! Original Title
! Original Language
! Genre
! Original Author
! class=unsortable|References
|-
| 1991 || Syed Rasool Pompur || ''Pranwaar'' || ''Ek Chadar Maili Si'' || Urdu || Novel || [[Rajinder Singh Bedi]] ||
|-
| 1998 || Amar Malmohi || ''Kathasaritsagar'' || ''Kathasaritsagaram'' || Sanskrit || Short Stories || Somadeva ||
|-
| 2004 || Rafeeq Masoodi || ''Tamas'' || ''Tamas'' || Hindi || Novel || [[Bhisham Sahni]] ||
|-
| 2005 || Shafi Shauq || ''Ladakhich Tshaay'' || ''[[Shadow from Ladakh]]'' || English || Novel || [[Bhabani Bhattacharya]] ||
|-
| 2006 || Nishat Ansari || ''Dr. Zakir Husain'' || ''Dr. Zakir Hussain'' || English || Biography || [[Mohammad Mujeeb]] ||
|-
| 2007 || [[Mashal Sultanpuri|Mishal Sultanpuri]] || ''Nawim August'' || ''August Na'' || Oriya || Play || [[Manoranjan Das]] || <ref name="greaterkashmir">{{Cite web|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/opinion/mishal-sultanpuri-enriching-prose-in-kashmiri-literature/|title=Mishal Sultanpuri: Enriching prose in Kashmiri literature|date=10 March 2018|website=Greater Kashmir}}</ref>
|-
| 2008 || Roop Krishan Bhat || ''Hindustani Afsaani'' || ''Collection'' || Various Languages || Short Stories || Various Authors ||
|-
| 2009 || [[Shad Ramzan]] || ''Anhar Te Akas'' || ''Hundastani Afsane'' || Various Languages || Fiction || Various Authors || <ref name="Greater Kashmir 2020">{{cite web | title=Words woven into tapestry | website=Greater Kashmir | date=2020-07-29 | url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/opinion/words-woven-into-tapestry/ | access-date=2021-05-04}}</ref>
|-
| 2010 || Abdul Gani Beig Athar || ''LukhKarYinVapas ''|| ''Aale'' || Dogri || Short Stories || [[Ved Rahi]] ||
|-
| 2011 || Satish Vimal || ''Wunai Te Siryi'' || ''Collection'' || Hindi || Poetry || Various Authors ||
|-
| 2012 || [[Abdul Ahad Hajini]] || ''Tyoth Pazar'' || ''Collection'' || Various Languages || Short Stories || Various Authors || <ref name="Life 2013">{{cite web | title=Hajni Bags Sahitya Akademi Translation Award | website=Kashmir Life | date=2013-09-03 | url=https://kashmirlife.net/hajni-bags-sahitya-akademi-translation-award-41124/ | access-date=2021-04-28}}</ref>
|-
| 2013 || [[Aziz Hajini]] || ''Ze Gaz Zameen'' || ''Do Gaz Zameen'' || Urdu || Novel || Abdus Samad || <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/e-newsletter/July-August_2014_NewsLetter.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Newsletter|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2014-08-22|archive-date=}}</ref><ref name="greaterkashmir.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/kashmir/aziz-hajini-bags-sahitya-akademi-award-for-aan-e-khane/|title=Aziz Hajini bags Sahitya Akademi Award for 'Aan e Khane'|date=22 December 2016|website=Greater Kashmir}}</ref>

|-
| 2014 || Meem Hai Zaffar || ''Shiv Sutra'' || ''Shiv Sutra'' || Sanskrit || Essays || Vasu Gupt Reshi || <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/e-newsletter/sep-dec_2015_NewsLetter.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Newsletter|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2015-09-04|archive-date=}}</ref>
|-
| 2015 || Rattan Lal Shant || ''Lal Ded'' || ''Lal Ded'' || Dogri || Novel || [[Ved Rahi]] || <ref>{{cite news |title=Sahitya Akademi announces winners of translation prize |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/pti-feed/story/sahitya-akademi-announces-winners-of-translation-prize-556372-2016-02-15 |accessdate=3 October 2019 |agency=India Today}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Imphal hosts Sahitya Akademi Translation Award |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/imphal-hosts-sahitya-akademi-translation-award/ |accessdate=3 October 2019 |newspaper=Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Sahitya Akademi announces winners of translation prize |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/sahitya-akademi-announces-winners-of-translation-prize-116021501187_1.html |accessdate=3 July 2019 |agency=business-standard}}</ref>
|-
| 2016 || Qazi Hilal Delnavi || ''Akh Khwab Akh Tasveer'' || ''Ek Aur Draupadi'' || Hindi || Poetry || Asha Shelay ||
|-
| 2017 || Iqbal Nazki || ''Araam Kursi'' || ''Chaivu Narkali'' || Tamil || Novel || Thopil Mohammad Meeran ||
|-
| 2018 || Muhammad Zaman Azurdah || ''Sakhtiyat Pas Sakhtiyat Te Mashriqi Sheriyat'' || ''Sakhtiyaat Pas-Sakhtiyaat Aur Mashriqui Sheriyaat'' || Urdu || Literary Criticism || [[Gopi Chand Narang]] || <ref>{{cite web|url=http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/awards/anuvad_samman_suchi.jsp |title=AKADEMI TRANSLATION PRIZES (1989-2018) |website=Sahitya Akademi |accessdate=20 November 2019 }}</ref>
|-
| 2019 || Ratan Lal Jauhar || ''Gora'' || ''[[Gora (novel)|Gora]]'' || Bengali || Novel || [[Rabindranath Tagore]] || <ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://indiaculture.nic.in/sites/default/files/press_release/Pressrelease_TP_2019_25_02_2020.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Newsletter|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2020-02-24|archive-date=}}</ref>
|-
| 2020 || Shafqat Altaf || ''Akh Hath Akh Nazme'' || ''101 Selected Poems of Rabindranath Tagore'' || Bengali || Poetry || [[Rabindranath Tagore]] || <ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=http://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/TP-2020-EWeb.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Prize for Translation 2020|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2021-09-18|archive-date=}}</ref>
|-
| 2021 || Piarey Hatash || ''Tawi Aend Peak'' || ''Dogri Kahaniyan'' || Dogri || Short Stories || Various Authors || <ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Pressrelease_TP-2021.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Prize for Translation 2021|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2022-07-05|archive-date=}}</ref>
|-
| 2022 || Shabnam Tilgami || ''Gitanjali'' || ''[[Gitanjali]]'' || Bengali || Poetry || [[Rabindranath Tagore]] || <ref name=":6">{{Cite web|url=https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/pdf/Pressrelease_TP-2022.pdf|title=Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize 2022|website=www.sahitya-akademi.gov.in|access-date=2023-07-03|archive-date=}}</ref>
|-
| 2023 || Gulzar Ahmad Rather || ''Chooma Sund Dol'' || ''Chomana Dudi'' || Kannada || Novel || [[Shivaram Karanth]] || <ref>{{cite web |title=SAHITYA AKADEMI PRIZE FOR TRANSLATION 2023 |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2013527 |website=www.pib.gov.in |access-date=12 July 2024}}</ref>
|-
|}

== See also ==
{{Portal|India|Literature}}
* [[List of Sahitya Akademi Award winners for Kashmiri]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://sahitya-akademi.gov.in/awards/anuvad_samman_suchi.jsp#KASHMIRI Akademi Translation Prizes For Kashmiri Language]

{{Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize}}

[[Category:Sahitya Akademi Translation Prize|Kashmiri]]
[[Category:Indian literary awards]]

Sanspareils Greenlands

2025-11-25T07:22:51Z

DarellBabcock5: new some data needs work

{{short description|Cricket equipment manufacturer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2020}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Sanspareils Greenlands
| logo = Sanspareils Greenlands logo.png
| logo_size = 120
| image =
| foundation = {{start date and age|1931}}
| founder = Kedarnath Anand
| location = [[Meerut]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]
| hq_location_city =
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people = Kailash C. Anand (Chairman) Paras Anand (CEO)
| industry = {{unbulleted list|class=nowrap|[[Clothing industry|Apparel]]|[[Sports equipment]]}}
| products = {{hlist|[[Cricket ball]]s|[[Sportswear|athletic apparel]]|[[sporting goods]]}}
| homepage = {{url|https://shop.teamsg.in/|teamsg.in}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Sanspareils Greenlands''' ('''SG''') is an Indian [[cricket equipment]] manufacturer. The company was founded in 1931 and its located in [[Meerut]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]] in 1950. It specialises in manufacturing various equipment used for [[cricket]] and the company manufactures the red [[cricket ball|ball]] used in all [[Test cricket]] and [[first-class cricket]] matches in India.

==History==
The company was founded by brothers Kedarnath and Dwarakanath Anand in [[Sialkot]], present-day [[Pakistan]] in 1931.<ref>{{cite news|title=India opens door to Kookaburra balls in Tests |url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2006\03\10\story_10-3-2006_pg2_7 |work=[[Daily Times (Pakistan)|Daily Times]]|date=10 March 2006 |access-date=21 October 2012}}</ref> Originally from Lahore, the brothers apprenticed at their uncle’s sports shop before deciding to diversify their family’s leather business into sports equipment manufacturing and exports. By the start of [[World War II]], the company employed around 250 workers and remained operational during the war. After the [[partition of India]], the family moved to [[Agra]] and later settled in [[Meerut]] in 1950.<ref>{{cite web |title=SG cricket, about us |url=https://shop.teamsg.in/pages/about-us |access-date=25 March 2018}}</ref> In 1972, the company introduced its own line of protective cricket gear under the brand Featherlite.<ref name=":0" />

In the 1980s, the company shifted its focus primarily to cricket equipment, including bats, balls, pads, and gloves, as the demand for skilled craftsmanship in cricket products increased. In 1982, the company began selling its products under its own brand and opened a second manufacturing unit. Around the same time, Wasiullah Khan, a former state-level cricketer, joined as a junior manager. By 1992, the company began supplying cricket balls for [[Ranji Trophy]] matches after approval from the [[Board of Control for Cricket in India]] (BCCI). This eventually extended to Test cricket.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Sengupta |first=Rudraneil |date=2012-08-13 |title=1931 Sanspareils Greenlands {{!}} A historic innings |url=https://www.livemint.com/sports/cricket-news/1931-sanspareils-greenlands-a-historic-inning-1540427901777.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221103121835/https://www.livemint.com/sports/cricket-news/1931-sanspareils-greenlands-a-historic-inning-1540427901777.html |archive-date=3 November 2022 |access-date=2025-01-13 |work=mint |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Products==
The company manufactures [[cricket clothing and equipment]] including [[cricket bat|bats]], [[cricket ball|balls]] and other equipment. The company manufactures the red balls used in all [[Test cricket]] in India since 1994.<ref>{{cite news |title=Delhi and Haryana players disappointed with SG balls |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/delhi-haryana-players-disappointed-with-sanspareils-greenlands-balls-145039-2011-11-05 |work=[[India Today]] |date=6 November 2011 |access-date=21 October 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Rudraneil Sengupta |url=http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/P0VTzcEu25Ua7WfAjzyCMN/1931-Sanspareils-Greenlands--A-historic-innings.html |title=Sanspareils Greenlands, a historic innings |publisher=Livemint|date=13 August 2012|access-date=6 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.cricinfo.com/different_strokes/archives/2006/01/the_white_ball.php|title=The white ball wonder]|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|date=20 January 2006|access-date=7 August 2023}}</ref> The ball is hand-stitched with a more prominent{{vague|reason more prominent than what?|date=July 2025}} seam resulting from the thicker thread{{vague|reason thicker than what?|date=July 2025}} used for stitching.<ref>{{cite book |title=Wisden Dictionary of Cricket |last=Rundell |first=Michael |page=288 |year=2009 |publisher=[[A & C Black]] |isbn=9781408101612 }}</ref> While its pronounced seam makes it last longer, the ball does not [[Swing bowling|swing]] early but starts swinging later.{{cn|date=July 2025}} The protruding seam gives more control for the fast bowlers and a firm grip for the [[Spin bowling|spinners]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/three-of-a-kind-different-balls-used-in-test-cricket-5625340/|title=Three of a kind: The different balls used in Test cricket|date=14 March 2019|access-date=7 August 2023}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[British Cricket Balls Ltd|Dukes]]
* [[Kookaburra Sport]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{official website}}

{{Sports equipment brands}}

[[Category:Sportswear brands]]
[[Category:Cricket equipment manufacturers]]
[[Category:Indian companies established in 1940]]
[[Category:Companies based in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Companies based in Meerut]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies established in 1940]]
[[Category:Indian companies established in 1931]]

Konar Dam

2025-11-17T16:38:35Z

DarellBabcock5: content fix

{{Infobox dam
| name = Konar Dam
| name_official =
| image = Konar Damm Indien.jpg
| image_size =
| image_caption = Konar Dam
| image_alt = Konar Dam
| location_map = India Jharkhand
| location_map_size =
| location_map_caption = Location of Konar Dam (marked in red) in Jharkhand
| coordinates = {{coord|23|56|28|N|85|46|30|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| country =
| location = [[Hazaribagh District]], [[Jharkhand]], [[India]]
| status =
| construction_began =
| opening = 15 October 1955
| demolished =
| cost =
| owner =
| dam_type =
| dam_height = {{convert|48.77|m}}
| dam_height_thalweg =
| dam_height_foundation=
| dam_length = {{convert|4535|m}}
| dam_width_crest =
| dam_width_base =
| dam_volume =
| dam_elevation_crest =
| dam_crosses = [[Konar River]]
| spillway_count =
| spillway_type =
| spillway_capacity =
| res_name =
| res_capacity_total =
| res_capacity_active =
| res_capacity_inactive=
| res_catchment =
| res_surface = 27.92 sq Km
| res_elevation =
| res_max_depth =
| res_max_length =
| res_max_width =
| res_tidal_range =
| plant_operator = [[Damodar Valley Corporation]]
| plant_commission =
| plant_decommission =
| plant_type =
| plant_turbines =
| plant_capacity =
| plant_annual_gen =
| website =
| extra =
}}

'''Konar Dam''' is the second of the four multi-purpose dams included in the first phase of the [[Damodar Valley Corporation]]. It was constructed across the [[Konar River]], a tributary of the [[Damodar River]] in [[Hazaribagh district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Jharkhand]] and opened in 1955.<ref name=india9>{{cite web|url = http://www.india9.com/i9show/Konar-Dam-56477.htm | title = Konar Dam |publisher =india9.com |access-date = 2010-04-17 }}</ref> The place has been developed as a recreational spot.<ref name=book_kishore>{{cite book|last=Dr. B.R. Kishore|first=Dr. Shiv Sharma|title=India - A Travel Guide|year=2008|publisher=Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd|isbn=9788128400674|pages=302|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=COHI7LlpkSAC&q=harihar+dham&pg=PA301}}</ref>

==Geography==
{{OSM Location map
| width=380| height=450| zoom=9
| coord={{coord|24|6|0|N|85|27|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''Cities, towns and locations in Hazaribagh district in North Chotanagpur Division''' Some census towns and locations around Hazaribagh city have been shown in the Hazaribagh City map M: municipality, CT: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, T: tourist centre, D: dam, HS: hot spring Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly
|mark-coord1={{coord|23|49|50|N|85|13|0|E}} | label-pos1=right|label1= Barkagaon | numbered1=R| mark-title1=[[Barkagaon]] (R)|label-color1=#800000 |label-size1=11| mark-size1=12|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1= #C40000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2
|mark-coord2={{coord|24|10|26|N|85|36|38|E}} | label-pos2=right|label2= Barkatha| numbered2=R| mark-title2=[[Barkatha]] (R)
|mark-coord3={{coord|24|16|26|N|85|45|23|E}} | label-pos3=right|label3= Chalkusha| numbered3=R| mark-title3=[[Chalkusha]] (R)
|mark-coord4={{coord|23|54|58|N|85|30|43|E}} | label-pos4=right|label4= Churchu| numbered4=R| mark-title4=[[Churchu]] (R)
|mark-coord5={{coord|24|1|15|N|85|33|54|E}} | label-pos5=left|label5= Daru| numbered5=R| mark-title5=[[Daru, Hazaribagh]] (R)
|mark-coord6={{coord|24|6|15|N|85|44|3|E}} | label-pos6=right|label6= Gorhar| numbered6=R| mark-title6=[[Gorhar]] (R)
|mark-coord7={{coord|24|5|24|N|85|25|49|E}} | label-pos7=right|label7= Ichak| numbered7=R| mark-title7=[[Ichak]] (R)
|mark-coord8={{coord|23|58|30|N|85|17|30|E}} | label-pos8=left|label8= Katkamdag| numbered8=R| mark-title8=[[Katkamdag]] (R)
|mark-coord9={{coord|24|7|3|N|85|12|13|E}} | label-pos9=left|label9= Katkamsandi| numbered9=R| mark-title9=[[Katkamsandi]] (R)
|mark-coord10={{coord|23|51|10|N|85|5|32|E}} | label-pos10=bottom|label10= Keredari| numbered10=R| mark-title10=[[Keredari]] (R)
|mark-coord11={{coord|23|57|4|N|85|20|50|E}} | label-pos11=right|label11= Khapriaon| numbered11=R| mark-title11=[[Khapriaon]] (R)
|mark-coord12={{coord|24|15|0|N|85|29|46|E}} | label-pos12=right|label12= Nagar Barsot| numbered12=R| mark-title12=[[Nagar Barsot]] (R)
|mark-coord13={{coord|24|12|40|N|85|21|44|E}} | label-pos13=right|label13= Padma| numbered13=R| mark-title13=[[Padma, Hazaribagh]] (R)
|mark-coord14={{coord|24|1|19|N|85|37|31|E}} | label-pos14=top|label14= Tati Jhariya| numbered14=R| mark-title14=[[Tati Jhariya]] (R)
|mark-coord15={{coord|24|0|30|N|85|21|40|E}} | label-pos15=left|label15=Hazaribagh| numbered15=M| mark-title15= [[Hazaribagh]] (M) |label-size15=13 |label-color15=#800000
|mark-coord16={{coord|24|17|40|N|85|25|12|E}}| label-pos16=bottom|label16=Barhi| numbered16=CT| mark-title16= [[Barhi, Hazaribagh]] (CT) |shape-color16= #A40000
|mark-coord17={{coord|24|1|27|N|85|44|25|E}}| label-pos17=right|label17=Bishnugarh| numbered17=CT| mark-title17= [[Bishnugarh]] (CT) |shape-color17= #A40000
|mark-coord18={{coord|23|52|30|N|85|26|42|E}}| label-pos18=right|label18=Charhi| numbered18=CT| mark-title18= [[Charhi]] (CT) |shape-color18= #A40000
|mark-coord19={{coord|24|22|48|N|85|15|0|E}}| label-pos19=right|label19=Chauparan| numbered19=CT| mark-title19= [[Chauparan]] (CT) |shape-color19= #A40000
|mark-coord20={{coord|23|59|50|N|85|44|57|E}}| label-pos20=right|label20=Cherra| numbered20=CT| mark-title20= [[Cherra, Hazaribagh]] (CT) |shape-color20= #A40000
|mark-coord21={{coord|23|42|36|N|85|22|48|E}}| label-pos21=right|label21=Dari| numbered21=CT| mark-title21= [[Dari, Jharkhand]] (CT) |shape-color21= #A40000
|mark-coord22={{coord|23|40|50|N|85|21|42|E}}| label-pos22=right|label22=Gidi| numbered22=CT| mark-title22= [[Gidi, Hazaribagh|Gidi]] (CT) |shape-color22= #A40000
|mark-coord23={{coord|24|18|36|N|85|26|31|E}}| label-pos23=right|label23=Konra| numbered23=CT| mark-title23= [[Konra]] (CT) |shape-color23= #A40000
|mark-coord24={{coord|24|2|0|N|85|27|26|E}}| label-pos24=left|label24=Meru| numbered24=CT| mark-title24= [[Meru, Hazaribagh]] (CT) |shape-color24= #A40000
|mark-coord25={{coord|23|42|20|N|85|20|30|E}}| label-pos25=top|label25=Religara| numbered25=CT| mark-title25= [[Religara]] (CT) |shape-color25= #A40000
|mark-coord26={{coord|23|41|53|N|85|18|17|E}}| label-pos26=left|label26=Urimari| numbered26=CT| mark-title26= [[Urimari]] (CT) |shape-color26= #A40000
|mark-coord27={{coord|24|8|50|N|85|21|16|E}} | label-pos27=right|label27=Hazaribagh|labela27=Wildlife Sanctuary| numbered27=T|shape-color27= #74C365| mark-title27= [[Hazaribagh Wildlife Sanctuary]] (T)
|mark-coord28={{coord|23|56|28|N|85|46|30|E}}| label28= Konar|labela28= Dam | label-angle28=0| label-pos28=right|numbered28=D|mark-title28 =Konar Dam |shape-color28=black| label-size28=13|label-color28=black 
|mark-coord29={{coord|24|8|10|N|85|38|0|E}}| label29= Surajkund hot spring| label-color29 = #C42222 | label-angle29=0| label-pos29=right| label-size29=10| mark-size29=12| numbered29=HS|mark-title29 =[[Surajkund hot spring]]| shape-color29=#C42222
|mark-coord30={{coord|23|54|50|N|85|0|1|E}} | label-pos30=right|label30=CCL Amrapali |labela30=& Chandragupta Area |numbered30=0 | mark-title30=[[Amrapali & Chandragupta Area]] | label-size30=12| shape-color30=#AA6666
|mark-coord31={{coord|23|40|32|N|85|19|32|E}} | label-pos31=bottom|label31=CCL Barka|labela31=Sayal Area |numbered31=0 | mark-title31=[[Barka Sayal Area]] | label-size31=12| shape-color31=#AA6666
|mark-coord32={{coord|23|39|20|N|85|27|1|E}} | label-pos32=right|label32=CCL Argada Area |numbered32=0 | mark-title32=[[Argada Area]] | label-size32=12| shape-color32=#AA6666
|mark-coord33={{coord|23|51|0|N|85|26|28|E}} | label-pos33=right|label33=CCL |labela33=Hazaribagh Area |numbered33=0 | mark-title33=[[Hazaribagh Area]] | label-size33=12| shape-color33=#AA6666
|mark-coord34={{coord|24|20|0|N|85|37|0|E}} |label34= Barakar River |label-color34 = #77A1CB| label-angle34= 10| label-pos34=top| label-size34=10| mark-size34=0| mark-title34 =none
|mark-coord35={{coord|24|12|50|N|85|45|20|E}} |label35= Barsoti River |label-color35 = #77A1CB| label-angle35= -7| label-pos35=top| label-size35=10| mark-size35=0| mark-title35 =none
|mark-coord36={{coord|23|55|40|N|85|37|0|E}} |label36= Konar |labela36=River |label-color36 = #77A1CB| label-angle36= 0| label-pos36=top| label-size36=10| mark-size36=0| mark-title36 =none
|mark-coord37={{coord|23|47|30|N|85|45|0|E}} |label37= Bokaro |labela37= River |label-color37 = #77A1CB| label-angle37= 0| label-pos37=top| label-size37=10| mark-size37=0| mark-title37 =none
|mark-coord38={{coord|23|42|20|N|85|11|10|E}} |label38= Damodar|labela38= River |label-color38 = #77A1CB| label-angle38= 0| label-pos38=top| label-size38=10| mark-size38=0| mark-title38 =none
|mark-coord39={{coord|24|12|0|N|85|8|0|E}} |label39= Mohana|labela39= River|label-color39 = #77A1CB| label-angle39= -100| label-pos39=top| label-size39=10| mark-size39=0| mark-title39 =none
|arc-coordA={{coord|24|28|0|N|85|6|0|E}}|arc-textA= BIHAR| arc-text-colorA=hard grey| arc-angleA=-60| arc-gapA=12.5| arc-radiusA=0.35}}

===Location===
Konar Dam is located at {{coord|23|56|28|N|85|46|30|E|type:landmark|display=inline}}.

Konar Dam is {{convert|4535|m}} long and {{convert|48.77|m}} high. When full, the reservoir covers an area of 27.92 km2.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.dvcindia.org |title = DVC |work = Konar |publisher = DVC |access-date = 2010-04-17 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070210232841/http://www.dvcindia.org/ |archive-date = 2007-02-10 |url-status = dead }}</ref> The dam maintained and operated by DVC has an effective storage of 176 MCM (million cubic meters) or 6.2 Tmcft<ref>Central Water commission New Delhi, National Register of Large Dams, 2019 Ed, Project code:JH05HH0005</ref>

Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the district. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

==DVC overview==
[[File:Survey party at work near the Konar Dam site in 1949.jpg|thumb|300px|Survey work at Konar Dam site in 1949]]
[[File:Damodar Map.jpg|thumb|300px|Damodar Basin]]
As a result of the catastrophic flood of 1943, the Governor of Bengal appointed the Damodar Flood enquiry committee to suggest remedial measures.[[Damodar Valley Corporation]] came into existence in 1948 for development and management of the basin as a whole. Voorduin envisaged the construction of eight dams and a barrage, but it was later decided to have only four dams, at [[Tilaiya]], Konar, [[Maithon]] and [[Panchet]], and [[Durgapur Barrage]].<ref name=jain>{{cite book|url =https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKs1gBhJSWIC&q=Panchet+Dam&pg=PA395| title = Hydrology and Water Resources of India|author1=Sharad K. Jain|author2=Pushpendra K. Agarwal |author3=Vijay P. Singh|work= p. 395| date = 16 May 2007| publisher = Springer| isbn = 9781402051807|access-date = 2010-06-06 }}</ref>

The first dam was built across the [[Barakar River]] at Tilaiya and inaugurated in 1953. The second dam across the [[Konar River]] was inaugurated in 1955. The third dam across the Barakar at Maithon was inaugurated in 1957. The fourth dam across the Damodar at Panchet was inaugurated in 1959.<ref name=dvc1>{{cite web|url =http://www.dvc.gov.in/activitiesdamsbarrages.htm|title =Damodar Valley Corporation|work =Dams and Barrages|publisher =DVC|access-date =2010-06-06|url-status =dead|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20100429025712/http://www.dvc.gov.in/activitiesdamsbarrages.htm |archive-date =2010-04-29 }}</ref>

==Transport==
Konar Dam is located {{convert|41|km}} south-east of [[Hazaribagh]].<ref name=india9/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Konar Dam}}
{{external media
| float=left
| video1=[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bb1tpLa5huA&feature=relmfu Konar Dam]
}}

{{Hydrography of Jharkhand}}
{{Damodar Valley}}
{{North Chotanagpur Division topics}}

[[Category:Dams in Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Hazaribagh district]]
[[Category:1955 establishments in Bihar]]
[[Category:Dams completed in 1955]]
[[Category:20th-century architecture in India]]

Malik Fiaz Ahmad Awan

2025-11-07T22:37:36Z

DarellBabcock5: enhance citations for accuracy for clarity

{{short description|Pakistani politician (born 1960)}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Malik Fiaz Ahmad Awan
| honorific-suffix =
| office = Member of the [[Provincial Assembly of the Punjab]]
| term_start = 2008
| term_end = 31 May 2018
|constituency=
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1960|9|6|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Hafizabad]]
|nationality = Pakistani
|party = [[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]]
}}[[File:Beautiful view of Punjab Assembly Lahore - panoramio.jpg|thumb|Punjab Assembly Lahore|alt=Beautiful view of Punjab Assembly Lahore - panoramio.jpg]]

'''Malik Fiaz Ahmad Awan''' is a Pakistani politician who was a Member of the [[Provincial Assembly of the Punjab]], from 2008 to May 2018. He was also an agriculturist.<ref>{{cite web |title=Malik Fiaz Ahmad Awan - Profile, Political Career & Election History |url=https://www.urdupoint.com/politics/politician/malik-fiaz-ahmad-awan-13804.html |website=UrduPoint |language=en}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Awan was born on 6 September 1960 in [[Hafizabad]].<ref name="pap">{{cite web|title=Punjab Assembly|url=http://www.pap.gov.pk/index.php/members/profile/en/20/959|website=www.pap.gov.pk|accessdate=15 January 2018|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170620043738/http://www.pap.gov.pk/index.php/members/profile/en/20/959|archivedate=20 June 2017}}</ref>

He has the degree of Bachelor of Arts.<ref name="pap" />

==Political career==
Awan ran for the seat of the [[Provincial Assembly of the Punjab]] as an independent candidate from Constituency PP-79 (Gujranwala-III) in the [[1990 Pakistani general election]] but was unsuccessful. He received 11,625 votes and lost the seat to Noor Muhammad, a candidate of [[Islami Jamhoori Ittehad]] (IJI).<ref name="ecp/pa-88-97">{{cite web |title=Punjab Assembly election results 1988-97 |url=https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Results%201988%20-%201997/Punjab.pdf |publisher=ECP |accessdate=12 July 2018 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830191836/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/Results%201988%20-%201997/Punjab.pdf |archivedate=30 August 2017 }}</ref>

He ran for the seat of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as an independent candidate from Constituency PP-79 (Hafizabad-I) in the [[1993 Pakistani general election]] but was unsuccessful. He received 5,848 votes and lost the seat to Syed Muhammad Arif Hussain, a candidate of [[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]] (PML-N).

He ran for the seat of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a candidate of [[Pakistan Peoples Party]] (PPP) from Constituency PP-105 (Hafizabad-I) in the [[2002 Pakistani general election]], but was unsuccessful. He received 24,638 votes and lost the seat to Muzaffar Ali Sheikh, a candidate of [[Pakistan Muslim League (Q)]] (PML-Q).<ref>{{cite web|title=2002 election result|url=https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2002vol2.pdf|publisher=ECP|accessdate=24 March 2018|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126141507/https://www.ecp.gov.pk/ge/ge2002vol2.pdf|archivedate=26 January 2018}}</ref>

He was elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a candidate of PPP from Constituency PP-105 (Hafizabad-I) in the [[2008 Pakistani general election]]. He received 34,134 votes and defeated Haji Rai Riasat Ali, a candidate of PML-Q.<ref>{{cite web|title=2008 election result|url=https://www.ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202008/Report,%20General%20Election%202008,%20Vol-II.pdf|publisher=ECP|accessdate=24 March 2018|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105060230/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202008/Report,%20General%20Election%202008,%20Vol-II.pdf|archivedate=5 January 2018}}</ref>

He was re-elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a candidate of PML-N from Constituency PP-105 (Hafizabad-I) in the [[2013 Pakistani general election]].<ref>{{cite news|title=List of winners of Punjab Assembly seats|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/429935|accessdate=18 January 2018|work=The News|date=13 May 2013|language=en|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116081102/https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/429935|archivedate=16 January 2018}}</ref> He received 55,021 votes and defeated an independent candidate, Muzaffar Ali Sheikh.<ref>{{cite web |title=2013 election result |url=https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202013%20report/Election%20Report%202013%20Volume-II.pdf |publisher=ECP |accessdate=12 July 2018 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526173608/https://ecp.gov.pk/Documents/General%20Elections%202013%20report/Election%20Report%202013%20Volume-II.pdf |archivedate=26 May 2018 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Awan, Malik Fiaz Ahmad}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Punjab MPAs 2013–2018]]
[[Category:1960 births]]
[[Category:Punjab MPAs 2008–2013]]
[[Category:Pakistan Muslim League (N) MPAs (Punjab)]]

{{PunjabPK-MuslimN-MPA-stub}}

Usnida

2025-10-14T11:56:42Z

DarellBabcock5:

{{Short description|Village in Uttar Pradesh, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Usnida
| native_name = USNIDHA
| native_name_lang = THAKUR LAND
| other_name = THAKURO KA VILLAGE
| nickname = USNIDHA
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = USNIDHA IS A VILLAGE MISTERIOUS IN MAINPURI
| image_map =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|27.27238|N|78.74541|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Mainpuri district|Mainpuri]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Tehsil]]
| subdivision_name3 =
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder = MR HARI SANKAR LAL CHAUHAN CREATE THIS VILLAGE IN - 1837
| named_for = USNIDHI
| government_type = USNIDHA
| governing_body = BASIC
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2011 A"/>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 12.209
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 5802
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2011 A"/>
| demographics_type1 =
| demographics1_title1 =
| demographics1_info1 =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 305130
| registration_plate =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Usnida''' ({{IAST|Usnidā}}) is a village in [[Ghiror]] block of [[Mainpuri district]], Uttar Pradesh, India. As of 2011, it had a population of 5,802, in 926 households.total people Chouhan Thakur agriculture work, Goswami work astrology path pooja religion along with petric work

== Geography ==
Usnida is located about 34 km west of [[Mainpuri]] and 19 km north of Ghiror.<ref name="Gazetteer 1910"/>{{rp|262}}

== Demographics ==
As of 2011, Usnida had a population of 5,802, in 926 households.<ref name="Census 2011 A"/>{{rp|73}} This population was 54.9% male (3,182) and 45.1% female (2,620). The 0-6 age group numbered 928 (504 male and 424 female), or 16.0% of the total population. 430 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 7.4% of the total.<ref name="Census 2011 B">{{cite web |title=Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Mainpuri, Part B (Village and Town Wise Primary Census Abstract) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1259/download/4050/DH_2011_0917_PART_B_DCHB_MAINPURI.pdf |website=Census of India |access-date=19 June 2023}}</ref>{{rp|73-4}}

The [[1961 Census of India|1961 census]] recorded Usnida as comprising 9 hamlets, with a total population of 3,147 people (1,644 male and 1,503 female), in 573 households and 412 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 2,979 acres and it had a post office at that point.<ref name="Census 1961">{{cite book |title=Census 1961: District Census Handbook, Uttar Pradesh (24 - Mainpuri District) |date=1965 |location=Lucknow |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/28772/download/31954/22833_1961_MAI.pdf |access-date=25 December 2021}}</ref>{{rp|lxx}}

As of 1901, Usnida had a population of 2,181, of whom 1,199 were male and 982 were female. Broken down by religion, 2,099 were Hindus and 82 were Muslims. It was listed as comprising 9 hamlets, and it had a school teaching in Hindi-Urdu at that point.<ref name="Gazetteer 1910">{{cite book |editor1-last=Neave|editor1-first=E. R. |title=Mainpuri: A Gazetteer, Being Volume X of the District Gazetteers of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh |date=1929 |publisher=Government Press |location=Allahabad |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.181613 |access-date=19 June 2023}}</ref>{{rp|262-3}}

== Infrastructure ==
As of 2011, Usnida had 2 primary schools. It did not have any type of healthcare facility. Drinking water was provided by tap, hand pump, and tube well; there were no public toilets. The village had a post office, as well as at least some access to electricity for domestic and agricultural purposes. There was no public library. Streets were made of a mix of both ''[[Indian vernacular architecture#kachcha|kachcha]]'' and ''[[Indian vernacular architecture#pucca|pakka]]'' materials.<ref name="Census 2011 A">{{cite web |title=Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Mainpuri, Part A (Village and Town Directory) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1258/download/4046/DH_2011_0917_PART_A_DCHB_MAINPURI.pdf |website=Census of India |access-date=19 June 2023}}</ref>{{rp|73-8}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Mainpuri district}}

[[Category:Villages in Mainpuri district]]

National Basketball Championship (men)

2025-10-12T02:50:09Z

DarellBabcock5: minor edit

{{Short description|Basketball tournament}}
{{About|the men's basketball competition|the women's basketball|National Basketball Championship (women)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox sports league
| title = National Basketball Championship
| current_season =
| logo =
| pixels =
| caption =
| sport = [[Basketball]]
| teams =
| promotion =
| relegation =
| levels = 1 (1948–2022)
| domestic_cup =
| founded = 1948<ref name="Naik">[https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/hoop-and-the-hype-basketball-nationals-india-players-6206984/ Hoop and the hype: Meet the promising basketball talent knocking on Team India doors] Shivani Naik ([[The Indian Express]]), 9 January 2020. Accessed 12 January 2021.</ref>
| folded =
| inaugural =
| ceo =
| motto =
| country = India
| continent =
| champion = Tamil Nadu (2nd title)
| champ_season = 2024
| most_champs =
| TV = SportsCast India BFI ([[YouTube]])
| website =
| related_comps =
}}

The '''National Basketball Championship''' is a professional men's national level [[basketball in India|basketball]] tournament, held by the [[Basketball Federation of India]], governing body of [[basketball in India]]. The competition is contested among the regional state teams affiliated under the BFI.

The league was the first tier of basketball in the country, but later changed to the 2nd and even 3rd tier (since 2023).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Indian National Basketball Championship, News, Teams, Scores, Stats, Standings, Awards - asia-basket |url=https://www.asia-basket.com/India/National-Basketball-Championship.aspx |access-date=2024-05-29 |website=www.asia-basket.com}}</ref>

== 2019 edition ==
2019 marked the 70th time the Indian Senior National Basketball Championship was held. It took place in the [[Guru Nanak Indoor Stadium]].<ref name="Gopalakrishnan">[https://www.sportskeeda.com/basketball/70th-national-championship-punjab-men-railways-women-champions 70th National Basketball Championship: Punjab men and Railways women repeat as champions] Gopalakrishnan R (Sportskeeda), 1 April 2020. Accessed 13 August 2021.</ref>

[[Punjab, India|Punjab]] won against [[Tamil Nadu]] 93-75.
The team consisted of [[Amritpal Singh (basketball)|Amritpal Singh]], [[Amjyot Singh]] and [[Princepal Singh]] for Punjab and, [[Jeevanantham Pandi]] and Aravind Annadurai were among the top adversaries fot Tamil Nadu.

In the semifinals, Punjab’s team secured a 79-67 win over [[Uttarakhand]] and Tamil Nadu secured a 65-63 win against [[Indian Railways]].<ref name="Gopalakrishnan"/>

== Championships ==
{| class="wikitable sortable" width=20%
|-
!Year
!Champion
!Runner-up
!{{Tooltip|Ref.|References}}
|-
|1948
|[[Mysore State|Mysore]]
|[[United Provinces (1937–1950)|United Provinces]]
|
|-
|2017
|[[Uttarakhand]]
|
|
|-
|2018
|[[Tamil Nadu]]
|
|
|-
|2019
|[[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
|<ref>[https://in.nba.com/news/70th-senior-national-basketball-championship-ludhiana-punjab-india-groups-fixtures-and-schedule/1i1y449r7thlb1f7sjladbwllz 70th Senior National Basketball Championship, Ludhiana: Groups, Fixtures, and Schedule] Yash Matange ([[NBA.com]]), 21 December 2019. Accessed 2 February 2021.</ref> |Tamil Nadu
|<ref name="Gopalakrishnan"/>
|-
|2020
|[[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
|
|<ref name="Naik"/>
|-
|2023
|Tamil Nadu
|[[Railways Sports Promotion Board|Railways]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-10 |title=Tamil Nadu men, Railways women lift National Basketball Championship trophies |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/chandigarh-news/tamil-nadu-men-railways-women-lift-national-basketball-championship-trophies-101702232740279.html |access-date=2024-05-29 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|2024
|Tamil Nadu
|[[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
|
|}

==Notable players==
- Set a club record or won an individual award as a professional player

- Played at least one official international match for his senior national team at any time
{{columns-list|colwidth=20em|#
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Aravind Annadurai]]<ref name="Gopalakrishnan"/>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Ravi Bhardwaj]]<ref name="Naik"/>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Arshpreet Bhullar]]<ref name="Gopalakrishnan"/>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Muin Bek Hafeez]]<ref name="Naik"/>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Nikhil Kumar (basketball)|Nikhil Kumar]]<ref name="Naik"/>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Jeevanantham Pandi]]<ref name="Gopalakrishnan"/>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Amjyot Singh]]<ref name="Gopalakrishnan"/>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Amritpal Singh (basketball)|Amritpal Singh]]<ref name="Gopalakrishnan"/>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Prashant Singh Rawat]]<ref>[https://www.jagran.com/uttarakhand/nainital-now-son-will-play-senior-international-basketball-after-father-20043980.html पिता के बाद अब बेटा खेलेगा सीनियर इंटरनेशनल बास्केटबाल, फीबा एशिया कप के लिए चयन] Skand Shukla ([[Dainik Jagran]]), 19 February 2020. Accessed 25 February 2021.{{in lang|hi}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|IND}} [[Princepal Singh]]<ref name="Naik"/>
}}

==See also==
*[[Mizoram Super League]]
*[[3x3 Pro Basketball League (3BL)|3BL]]
*[[UBA Pro Basketball League]]
*[[Indian National Basketball League]]
*[[Elite Pro Basketball League]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==

{{Basketball in India}}
{{Men's professional basketball leagues}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:National Basketball Championship}}
[[Category:Basketball competitions in India]]
[[Category:1950 establishments in India]]

Hajjat al-Wada wa Umrat al-Nabi

2025-10-06T03:33:00Z

DarellBabcock5:

{{Short description|Book by Zakariyya Kandhlawi}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox book
| name = Hajjat al-Wada wa Umrat al-Nabi
| image = Cover of Hujjat al-Wada wa Umrat al-Nabi.jpg
| caption = Arabic cover
| author = [[Zakariyya Kandhlawi]]
| title_orig = حجة الوداع وعمرات النبي
| orig_lang_code = ar
| country = India
| language = Arabic
| subject = [[Farewell Pilgrimage]]
| genre = Classical
| media_type = Print
| isbn =
| oclc = 23724093
| dewey = 297.125
| congress = BP77.68 .M83 1971b
| published = 1971
}}
'''''Hajjat al-Wada wa Umrat al-Nabi''''' ({{langx|ar|حجة الوداع وعمرات النبي}}) is a book written by [[Zakariyya Kandhlawi]]. It focuses on the [[Farewell Pilgrimage]] of [[Muhammad]] and provides a detailed account of the pilgrimage and its outcomes. It was written in a span of one day and one and a half nights in 1924. The book delves into the historical details and significance of the farewell pilgrimage, covering various aspects such as the rituals, legal rulings, historical events, scientific benefits, and hadith research related to both [[Hajj]] and [[Umrah]]. It aims to provide a deep understanding of the subject matter and serves as a resource for those interested in studying and exploring the Farewell Pilgrimage of Muhammad.<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Maliq |first=Abdul |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/293977 |title=Moulana Muhammad Zakariyya Hayatuhu Wa A Maluhu |publisher=Department of Arabic, [[University of Madras]] |year=2001 |location=India |language=ar |hdl=10603/293977 |degree=PhD |access-date=13 June 2023 |archive-date=21 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220621140458/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/293977 |url-status=live |pages=129}}</ref>

== Background ==
The importance of Hajj in Islam and the necessity for ordinary Muslims to acquire knowledge about its relevant issues have been discussed by various esteemed scholars in separate sections of their writings. Some scholars have even dedicated independent publications to shed light on the various aspects of Hajj, Umrah, and the rituals associated with it.<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Ahmad |first=Riyaz |title=Maulana Mohd Zakaria ki Elm E hadees men Khidmaat |publisher=Department of Sunni Theology, [[Aligarh Muslim University]] |year=2009 |location=India |language=ur |hdl=10603/57134 |degree=PhD |url=https://core.ac.uk/display/144524601?source=1&algorithmId=15&similarToDoc=144523409&similarToDocKey=CORE&recSetID=cb65ce6f-dd11-4a75-a8eb-a95e4ded5f93&position=3&recommendation_type=same_repo&otherRecs=144527167,144526634,144524601,144527160,144521013 |access-date=13 June 2023 |archive-date=27 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220627220558/https://core.ac.uk/display/144524601?source=1&algorithmId=15&similarToDoc=144523409&similarToDocKey=CORE&recSetID=cb65ce6f-dd11-4a75-a8eb-a95e4ded5f93&position=3&recommendation_type=same_repo&otherRecs=144527167,144526634,144524601,144527160,144521013 |url-status=live |pages=97}}</ref> The obligatory Hajj was performed by [[Muhammad]] only once in his lifetime, and there are variations in the narrations and events related to it, which opponents of hadith have used as a basis for criticism. During his teaching in 1924, Zakariyya Kandhlawi was inspired to write a treatise on the subject of the Farewell Pilgrimage, taking into consideration the significant Hadith and Fiqhi discussions surrounding it. Engaged in Hadith studies and driven by a desire to serve the Hadith, Zakariyya Kandhlawi authored this book on the Farewell Pilgrimage at the age of 27. The original book was completed within one day and one night, followed by the addition of annotations, explanations, and valuable information based on the author's personal experiences.{{Sfn|Ahmad|2009|p=97}}

Initially in draft form, copies of this treatise were obtained by many scholars. The idea of publishing it arose in 1971. However, due to illness, Zakariyya Kandhlawi was unable to read and write, so the assistance of Muhammad Aqil and Muhammad Salman was sought for typing and proofreading. After numerous additions, the book was first published in 1971 by Kitab Khana Biwi. It spans 209 pages. The second edition, in Arabic script, was published by Darul Uloom Nizamul Ulama, featuring a useful and scholarly introduction by [[Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi]]. The third edition, published by Darul Uloom Beirut, Lebanon, includes a research-based introduction by [[Yusuf Banuri]], titled ''Al-Mani' Al-Ila Khasais Hajjat-ul-Wada'a''. This edition comprises 20 pages.<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Chaudhary |first=Muhammad Nawaz |title=Religious and academic services of Hazrat Maulana Zakaria |publisher=[[University of the Punjab]] |year=1992 |location=Pakistan |language=ur |url=http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/handle/123456789/8810 |type=PhD |access-date=13 June 2023 |archive-date=30 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220830142215/http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/handle/123456789/8810 |url-status=live |pages=197}}</ref> Additionally, Zakariyya Kandhlawi later added information about the [[Umrah]] performed by Muhammad.<ref>{{Cite thesis |last=Taqi |first=Muhammad Rizwan |title=A research study of the religious and academic services of Maulana Muhammad Zakaria Kandhalvi |publisher=[[University of Karachi]] |year=2005 |location=Pakistan |language=ur |degree=PhD |url=http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/handle/123456789/8794 |access-date=13 June 2023 |archive-date=30 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220830111142/http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/handle/123456789/8794 |url-status=live |pages=124}}</ref> Pakistani scholar [[Yusuf Ludhianvi]] translated it into Urdu.{{Sfn|Chaudhary|1992|p=198}}

== Content ==
[[Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi]] explains the book's style and writing approach, stating that its objective is to offer a comprehensive understanding of the subject's various aspects. The book is divided into two parts. The first part presents a description of Muhammad's Hajj, allowing readers to perceive the pilgrimage through their own insight and witness the performance of Umrah and Tawaf. It encompasses a wealth of information pertaining to the Farewell Pilgrimage, ultimately illuminating the true essence of Hajj and Umrah. The second part focuses on Muhammad's Umrah, elaborating on its significance, specific details, and procedures. It encompasses legal rulings, historical accounts, scientific insights, and in-depth hadith research related to Umrah. The book also addresses aspects such as the types of [[Ihram]], the obligatory and recommended actions associated with Umrah, and provides an understanding of the boundaries in various directions. Moreover, it discusses the issues relevant to women in states of menstruation and postpartum bleeding, shedding light on diverse aspects of the Farewell Pilgrimage in a concise yet comprehensive manner.{{Sfn|Chaudhary|1992|p=198}}

== Methodology ==
The book provides information about various destinations and their names, along with explanations of the changes that have taken place in these locations, drawing from the statements of scholars and the author's personal experiences. Additionally, it highlights an aspect of the book: the inclusion of quotations and the attribution of various opinions, particularly when presenting different religious perspectives. Moreover, the book pays homage to the significant contributions of early scholars and holds their esteemed positions in high regard. In expressing his own scholarly stance, the author maintains respect and reverence for these pioneers, displaying humility and deference.{{Sfn|Ahmad|2009|p=97}}

== Reception ==
According to Riyaz Ahmad, a scholar from [[Aligarh Muslim University]], this book is a highly comprehensive work in its field, encompassing the opinions of esteemed scholars and addressing all relevant issues. He describes it as an encyclopedia of Hajj.{{Sfn|Ahmad|2009|p=98}}

== See also ==
* [[Deobandi hadith studies]]
* [[Works of Zakariyya Kandhlawi]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

* {{Cite book |last=Adrawi |first=Asir |author-link=Nizamuddin Asir Adrawi |url=https://archive.org/download/Maktaba-Maulana-Nizamuddin-Aseer-Adravi-Sahib/Dabistan-i-Deoband-Ki-Ilmi-Khidmaat.pdf |title=Dabistan-i Deoband ki Ilmi Khidmaat |publisher=Darulmuaallifeen |year=1995 |location=Deoband, UP, India |language=ur |oclc=47964786 |pages=146–148}}

== External links ==
* [[iarchive:Hajjat-al-Wada-wa-Juz-Umrat-al-Nabi|''Hajjat al-Wada wa Umrat al-Nabi'']] at [[Internet Archive]]
{{Zakariyya Kandhlawi}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Deobandi hadith literature]]
[[Category:Books by Zakariyya Kandhlawi]]
[[Category:Hajj accounts]]
[[Category:Hadith commentaries]]
[[Category:Islamic literature]]
[[Category:Sunni literature]]
[[Category:20th-century Arabic-language books]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian books]]
[[Category:Indian non-fiction books]]
[[Category:Indian religious texts]]

K. P. Puttanna Chetty

2025-09-16T07:01:53Z

DarellBabcock5: updated page

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix = Diwan Bahadur Sir
| name = K. P. Puttanna Chetty
| honorific-suffix = CIE
| image = Puttanna Chetty.jpg
| birth_date = 29 April 1856
| birth_place = [[Bangalore]], [[Kingdom of Mysore]] (now in [[Karnataka]])
| death_date = 23 July 1938 (aged 82)
| death_place =
| nationality = Indian
| profession =
| occupation = Bureaucrat and Philanthropist
| spouse =
}}
'''Sir Krishnarajapur Palligonde Puttanna Chetty''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|CIE}} (29 April 1856 – 23 July 1938) was a British Indian administrator, bureaucrat and philanthropist who served as the first President of the Bangalore municipality.

== Early life and education ==
Puttanna Chetty was born in 1856 in a [[Banajiga|Banajiga Lingayat]] family of Bangalore. He was educated at the Central College, Bangalore and entered the Mysore civil service in 1875.

== Career ==
Chetty served as a traffic manager in the Mysore state railways from 1884 to 1898 and as Deputy Commissioner from 1898 to 1906. From 1906 to 1912, he also served as a member of the Bangalore City Council. In 1913, Puttanna Chetty was elected President of the Bangalore municipality and he served till 1919, inaugurating the Victoria Hospital and making many public donations during his tenure.

Puttanna Chetty was elected to the Mysore Legislative Council in 1925. Chetty served in various appointments during his life – as Chairman of the Bank of Mysore and Central Co-Operative Bank, Bangalore, Chairman of the Sri Krishnarajendra Mills and fellow of the Mysore University.
Puttanna Chetty served as President at [[Rao Bahadhur Dharmapravartha Gubbi Thotadappa]] Charities from 1910 to 1938.

== Death ==
Puttanna Chetty died in 1938 at the age of 82.

== Honours ==
Puttanna Chetty was made a [[Diwan Bahadur]] in 1911. In 1917, he was made a [[Order of the Indian Empire|Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire]] and was subsequently made a [[Knight Bachelor]] in 1925. He was also awarded the [[Delhi Durbar Medal (1911)|1911 Durbar Medal]] and the Gold [[Kaiser-i-Hind Medal]] in 1914.

==Recognition==
The 161st birth anniversary of [[Diwan Bahadur]] Sir K. P. Puttanna Chetty was celebrated on 29 April 2017 at the Free Veerashaiva Students Hostel which was established by him in 1938 in [[Bengaluru]] to support the poor students.<ref>{{cite web |title=Clipping of Express Publications - The New Indian Express-Bengaluru |url=https://epaper.newindianexpress.com/c/18692732 |access-date=15 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Pay Tribute to DIWAN SIR K.P .PUTTANNA CHETTY {{!}} Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/DIWAN-SIR-K-P-PUTTANNA-CHETTY/tributeshow/58422722.cms |website=timesofindia.indiatimes.com |accessdate=15 July 2018}}</ref> The [[Bangalore Town Hall]] in Bengaluru is named for Chetty.

== See also ==
* [[Yele Mallappa Shetty]]
* [[Sajjan Rao]]
* [[S. Ramaswami Mudaliar]]
* [[Janopakari Doddanna Setty]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
* {{cite book|title=Mysore Gazetteer|pages=3156}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chetty, K. P. Puttanna}}
[[Category:1856 births]]
[[Category:1938 deaths]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire]]
[[Category:Indian Knights Bachelor]]
[[Category:Mayors of Bengaluru]]
[[Category:Dewan Bahadurs]]
[[Category:Politicians from Karnataka]]
[[Category:Indian philanthropists]]
[[Category:People from British India]]

India–Mexico relations

2025-08-27T07:53:46Z

DarellBabcock5: formatting fix

{{Infobox bilateral relations|Indo-Mexican|India|Mexico|mission1=Embassy of India, [[Mexico City]]|mission2=Embassy of Mexico, [[New Delhi]]|envoytitle1=Indian Ambassador to Mexico|envoy1=Pankaj Sharma|envoy2=Federico Salas Lotfe|envoytitle2=Mexican Ambassador to India}}

[[India]] and [[Mexico]] have had contact since the 1500s, but formal [[diplomatic relations]] were first established in 1950. Both nations are members of the [[G-20 major economies]] and the [[United Nations]].

==History==
During colonialism in both India and Mexico, relations and trade were carried out by the Spanish who through the [[Manila galleon|Manila-Acapulco Galleon]] traded with Indian traders and brought their products to [[New Spain]] (present day Mexico). In the 1500s, a few hundred Indians were taken as slaves and transported to Mexico.<ref>[https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/600/60022589001.pdf La Esclavitud Asiática en el Virreinato de la Nueva España, 1565-1673 (in Spanish)]</ref> In the 1600s, an Indian woman in Mexico known as [[Catarina de San Juan]] was kidnapped by Portuguese pirates and brought to the [[Philippines]]. From there, she was brought to Mexico and sold to a man in the Mexican State of [[Puebla]]. Her presence in Puebla inspired the creation of the [[China poblana]] dress, based on the traditional gowns that she wore.<ref>[http://www.analesiie.unam.mx/pdf/71_37-73.pdf A Mughal Princess in Baroque New Spain]</ref>

In 1947, Mexico became the first [[Latin America]]n nation to recognize the independence of India from the [[United Kingdom]].<ref name=Bilateral>[https://www.indiainmexico.gov.in/eoimx_pages/MTE5 India-Mexico Relations]</ref> On first 1 August 1950, both nations established diplomatic relations and on the following year, Mexico opened an embassy in [[Delhi]].<ref name=History>[https://sre.gob.mx/images/stories/docnormateca/manexte/embajadas/MOEMIndia.pdf History of diplomatic relations between Mexico and India (in Spanish)]</ref> To show the importance of the new relations between the two nations, the first Mexican ambassador to India was former Mexican President [[Emilio Portes Gil]]. In 1962, [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel Prize]] laureate [[Octavio Paz]] was named ambassador to India.<ref name=History />

In 1961, Prime Minister [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] became the first Indian head-of-state to pay a visit to Mexico. In 1962, Mexican President [[Adolfo López Mateos]] paid an official visit to India. There would be many more high-level visits between leaders of both nations.<ref name=History />

During the [[Goa liberation movement]], when Indo-Portuguese tensions soared, Mexico offered the Indian government its influence in Latin America to bring pressure on the Portuguese to relieve tensions.<ref>[https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/frus/kennedyjf/46453.htm US Department of State, Central Files, 753D.00/12 - 561. Document 66]</ref>

Both nations work closely in several multilateral organizations. The Sonora variety of Mexican wheat was fundamental in the [[Green Revolution in India]].<ref name=Bilateral /> In 2010, India opened a cultural center in [[Mexico City]] in response to the broad interests manifested in Mexico by the different facets of Indian culture and lifestyle.<ref>[http://www.protocolo.com.mx/embajadas/abre-sus-puertas-el-centro-cultural-de-la-india/ Abre sus puertas el Centro Cultural de la India (in Spanish)]{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

In June 2016, Indian Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] paid an official visit to Mexico. While in Mexico, Prime Minister Modi met with President [[Enrique Peña Nieto]] and the two leaders held bilateral, political and economic partnership discussions.<ref>[https://www.narendramodi.in/india-mexico-joint-statement-during-the-visit-of-prime-minister-to-mexico-june-08-2016--484257 India-Mexico Joint Statement during the visit of Prime Minister to Mexico]</ref>

In March 2022, Mexican Foreign Minister [[Marcelo Ebrard]] paid a visit to India and met with his counterpart [[S. Jaishankar]].<ref name=Ebrard>[https://www.milenio.com/politica/marcelo-ebrard-concluye-gira-india-oriente Marcelo Ebrard concluye su gira por la India y Medio Oriente (in Spanish)]</ref> While in India, Ebrard met with local business leaders in order to increase trade relations between India and Mexico. Ebrard also announced the upcoming opening of a Mexican consulate in [[Mumbai]].<ref name=Ebrard /> The consulate in Mumbai was opened in March 2023.<ref>[https://www.gob.mx/sre/prensa/el-canciller-ebrard-abre-en-mumbai-el-primer-consulado-orientado-a-la-innovacion-e-inversion-en-ciencia-y-tecnologia El canciller Ebrard abre en Mumbai el primer consulado orientado a la innovación e inversión en ciencia y tecnología (in Spanish)]</ref>

==High-level visits==
[[File:PM Narendra Modi meets the President of Mexico, Ms. Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo on the sidelines of 51st G7 Summit at Kananaskis, in Canada.jpg|thumb|Prime Minister Narendra Modi with President Claudia Sheinbaum on the sidelines of [[51st G7 summit]] at [[Kananaskis Improvement District|Kananaskis]], [[Canada]]; June 2025.]]
'''High-level visits from India to Mexico'''<ref name=Bilateral />
* Prime Minister [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] (1961)
* Foreign Minister [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]] (1980)
* Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]] (1981)
* President [[Zail Singh]] (1984)
* Prime Minister [[Rajiv Gandhi]] (1986)
* President [[Pratibha Patil]] (2008)
* Prime Minister [[Manmohan Singh]] (2012)
* Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] (2016)
* Foreign Minister [[S. Jaishankar]] (2021)

'''High-level visits from Mexico to India'''<ref name=Bilateral />
* President [[Adolfo López Mateos]] (1962)
* President [[Luis Echeverría]] (1975)
* President [[José López Portillo]] (1981)
* President [[Miguel de la Madrid]] (1985)
* Foreign Secretary [[Jorge Castañeda Gutman]] (2002)
* Foreign Secretary [[Luis Ernesto Derbez]] (2004)
* President [[Felipe Calderón]] (2007)
* Foreign Secretary [[Patricia Espinosa]] (2010)
* Foreign Secretary [[José Antonio Meade]] (2014)
* Foreign Secretary [[Claudia Ruiz Massieu]] (2016)
* Foreign Secretary [[Marcelo Ebrard]] (2022, 2023)

==Gallery==
<gallery class="center">
File:Heads of State Cancun Summit 1981.jpg|Prime Minister Indira Gandhi attending the [[North–South Summit]] in Cancún along with her Mexican counterpart President José López Portillo; 1981.
File:Vicente Fox Singh.jpg|President Vicente Fox and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh flying to [[Scotland]] to attend the [[31st G8 summit]]; 2005.
File:Felipe Calderon Hinojosa and his wife Mrs. Margarita Zavala with the President, Smt. Pratibha Patil and the Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh at a ceremonial reception, in New Delhi on September 10, 2007.jpg|Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, President Pratibha Patil, President Felipe Calderón and first lady Margarita Zavala in New Delhi, 2007.
File:The President, Smt. Pratibha Devisingh Patil with the President of Mexico, Shri Filipe Calderon Hinojosa inspecting the Guard of Honour, at a ceremonial reception, in Mexico City on April 17, 2008.jpg|President Felipe Calderón and President Pratibha Patil in Mexico City; 2008.
File:The Minister of Foreign Affairs of Mexico, Mrs. Patricia Espinosa Cantellano calling on the Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh, in New Delhi on August 16, 2010.jpg|Foreign Secretary Patricia Espinosa and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh in New Delhi, 2010.
File:The Secretary of Foreign Affairs (Foreign Minister), Mexico, Ms. Claudia Ruiz Massieu calls on the Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi, in New Delhi on March 11, 2016 (1).jpg|Foreign Secretary Claudia Ruiz Massieu and Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi, 2016.
File:Visita Primer Ministro de la República de la India, Narendra Modi (27519470686).jpg|President [[Enrique Peña Nieto]] with Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] in Mexico City; 2016.
</gallery>

==Bilateral agreements==
Both nations have signed numerous bilateral agreements such as an Agreement on Cultural Cooperation (1975); Agreement on Scientific and Technical Cooperation (1975); Agreement on Economic and Financial Cooperation (1982); Agreement on Touristic Cooperation (1996); Memorandum of Understanding on Communication Cooperation (1996); Agreement on Cultural and Educational Exchanges (2005); Agreement on Visa Exemption for Official and Diplomatic Passports (2005); Extradition treaty (2007); Agreement on the Promotion and Reciprocal Protection of Investments (2007); Agreement on Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters (2007); Agreement to Avoid Double Taxation and Prevent Tax Evasion in the Matter of Income Taxes (2007); Air service agreement (2008); Agreement on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Customs Matters (2012); and a Memorandum of Understanding between India’s [[Council of Scientific and Industrial Research]] (CSIR) and Mexican Agency for International Development Cooperation (AMEXCID) on expanding the programs of cooperation and exchange, particularly in areas of research, technological development and innovation (2023).<ref>[https://cja.sre.gob.mx/tratadosmexico/buscador?keywords=&category_id=&theme_id=&country_id=68&organization_id= Bilateral agreements between Mexico and India (in Spanish)]</ref><ref name=Bilateral />

==Migration==
The [[Indian Mexicans|Indian community in Mexico]] is relatively small and estimated to be around 8,000; comprising mostly software engineers of Indian IT companies. There are several executives in the Indian and international companies, academics/professors in the local universities and some private businessmen in textile and garment business. There are also a few Indian restaurants have been running successfully in Mexico.<ref name=Bilateral />

==Trade==
In 2023, two-way trade between both nations amounted to US$8.6 billion.<ref name=Trade>[https://www.economia.gob.mx/datamexico/en/profile/country/india Data México: India]</ref> India's main exports to Mexico include: telephones and mobile phones, motors and motor vehicles, parts and accessories for motor vehicles, tires, electronics, medicines, chemical based products, clothing and footwear, aluminum and iron based materiales, diamonds, fruits, seeds, and spices. Mexico's main exports to India include: telephones and mobile phones, machinery, electronic integrated circuits, gold, chemical based products, scrap metal, parts and accessories for motor vehicles, minerals, and alcohol.<ref name=Trade />

At least 17 Mexican companies have presence in India. Mexican multinational companies such as [[Cinépolis]], [[Gruma]], [[Grupo Bimbo]], [[KidZania]], [[Nemak]], [[Orbia]] and [[Softtek]] (among others) operate in India. Over 200 Indian companies have presence in Mexico. Indian multinational companies such as [[HCLTech]], [[Infosys]], [[Lupin Limited]], [[Sun Pharma]], [[Tata Consultancy Services]], and [[Wipro]] (among others) operate in Mexico.<ref name=Bilateral />

[[File:Embajada de la India en Ciudad de México.jpg|thumb|right|Embassy of India in Mexico City]]
==Resident diplomatic missions==
* India has an embassy in Mexico City.<ref>[https://www.indiainmexico.gov.in Embassy of India in Mexico City]</ref>
* Mexico has an embassy in [[New Delhi]] and a consulate in [[Mumbai]].<ref>[https://embamex.sre.gob.mx/india/ Embassy of Mexico in New Delhi]</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Hinduism in Mexico]]
* [[Indian Mexicans]]
* [[M. N. Roy|Manabendra Nath Roy]]
* [[Punjabi Mexican Americans]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{Foreign relations of India}}
{{Foreign relations of Mexico}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:India-Mexico relations}}
[[Category:India–Mexico relations| ]]
[[Category:Bilateral relations of Mexico]]
[[Category:Bilateral relations of India|Mexico]]

Gayatri Pawaskar

2025-08-03T01:17:14Z

DarellBabcock5: Done - done

{{short description|Indian sport shooter}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2019}}
'''Gayatri Pawaskar''' (born 4 September 1999)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.olympicgoldquest.in/gaytri.html|title=Athletes - OGQ|publisher=|accessdate=16 February 2016|archive-date=24 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160224105349/http://www.olympicgoldquest.in/gaytri.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> is the youngest [[rifle]] shooter in the list of top 30 in India. Pawaskar he received a gold medal for the Women's Youth Team 10-metre air rifle at the 13th [[Asian Shooting Championships|Asian Shooting Championship]].

She hails from Dadar, [[Mumbai]].

== Awards and recognition ==
* 2015 : Gold medal for [[10 metre air rifle|10-metre air rifle]] women's Youth Team at 13th Asian shooting championship with Prachi Gadkari and Aashi Rastogi.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/shooting/India-open-with-five-medals-in-Asian-Shooting-Championship/articleshow/49648630.cms | title=India open with five medals in Asian Shooting Championship | date=3 November 2015 | newspaper=The Times of India | agency=PTI | accessdate=2 November 2019 }}</ref><ref>http://zeenews.india.com/sports/others/india-open-with-five-medals-in-asian-shooting-cship_1817926.html http://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/rajput-is-champion-of-champions/article6725549.ece</ref>
* 2015 : Silver medal in the Air Rifle Peep Sight Girl's U-19, 2015 <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/gayatri-pawaskar-shoots-silver-despite-rifle-problem/16572183|title=Gayatri Pawaskar shoots silver despite rifle problem|date=30 September 2015|work=mid-day|accessdate=16 February 2016}}</ref>
* 2015 : Bronze medal in the 8th Youth Asian Airgun Championship <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iamin.in/en/mumbai-south-central/news/dadar-girl-shoots-bronze-asian-airgun-championship-delhi-71725|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190207014905/http://www.iamin.in/en/mumbai-south-central/news/dadar-girl-shoots-bronze-asian-airgun-championship-delhi-71725|url-status=unfit|archive-date=7 February 2019|title=Dadar girl shoots bronze at Asian Airgun Championship in Delhi|author=Kunal Chonkar|publisher=|accessdate=16 February 2016}}</ref>
* 2014 : 5th rank in 7th Youth Asian championship in air rifle, Kuwait <ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/more-sports/shooting/Prashant-earns-quota-place-for-Youth-Olympic-Games/articleshow/31854906.cms|title=Prashant earns quota place for Youth Olympic Games | More sports News - Times of India|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=11 March 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://coverindialive.in/indian-squad-announced-for-7th-asian-air-gun-championship/ |title=Indian Squad announced for 7th Asian Air Gun Championship |author=Abhishek Shukla |accessdate=16 February 2016 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160210140711/http://coverindialive.in/indian-squad-announced-for-7th-asian-air-gun-championship/ |archivedate=10 February 2016 }}</ref>
* 2013 : 9th rank in 10M rifle youth women ([[ISSF World Shooting Championships|ISSF]]) national championship (Team India) <ref>{{Cite web| title=Result of finalists - 50m rifle 3 position men (ISSF) national championship (ind. team) | url=http://www.thenrai.in/PDF/185aecae-a54b-48b5-b258-5032c25bac7b.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180306082807/http://www.thenrai.in/PDF/185aecae-a54b-48b5-b258-5032c25bac7b.pdf | archive-date=2018-03-06}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pawaskar, Gayatri}}
[[Category:1999 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian female sport shooters]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian sportswomen]]

Mana Desam

2025-07-15T01:32:31Z

DarellBabcock5: started a entry more to come

{{More citations needed|date=February 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Mana Desam
| image = Mana Desam.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| writer = [[Samudrala Sr.]] {{small|(dialogues)}}
| screenplay = L. V. Prasad
| producer = Raja Saheb of Mirzapur [[Krishnaveni (actress)|Krishnaveni]] {{small|(Presents)}}
| director = [[L. V. Prasad]]
| starring = [[V. Nagayya]] [[C. H. Narayana Rao]] Krishnaveni
| music = [[Ghantasala (musician)|Ghantasala]]
| cinematography = M. A. Rehman
| editing = M. V. Rajan
| based_on = {{based on|''Vipradas''|[[Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay]]}}
| studio = [[Sobhanachala Studios|Sobhanachala Pictures]]
| released = {{Film date|df=y|1949|11|24}}
| runtime = 172 minutes
| country = India
| language = Telugu
}}

'''''Mana Desam''''' ({{translation|Our Country}}) is a 1949 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[drama (film and television)|drama film]] directed by [[L. V. Prasad]]. It was produced by Raja Saheb of Mirzapur under the [[Sobhanachala Studios|Sobhanachala Pictures]] banner, and presented by [[Krishnaveni (actress)|Krishnaveni]]. It stars [[V. Nagayya]], [[C. H. Narayana Rao]] and Krishnaveni, with music composed by [[Ghantasala (musician)|Ghantasala]]. The film is the debut of actor [[N. T. Rama Rao]] in the film industry. It is based on the [[Bengali language|Bengali]] novel ''Vipradas'' by [[Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay]], and is set against the backdrop of the [[Indian independence movement]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Narasimham|first=M. L.|date=16 September 2012|title=MANA DESAM (1949)|work=[[The Hindu]]|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-cinemaplus/mana-desam-1949/article3902439.ece|access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref>

== Plot ==
The story is set in 1942. Ramnath is a respectable rich man living in a village with his wife Janaki, son Nehru, brother Madhu and a doting step-mother Yasodha, who does not like Madhu's active participation in the freedom struggle, fearing that he may be jailed. Janaki's uncle, a lawyer, visits them with his city-bred daughter Sobha. She takes a liking for Madhu but is against his political leanings.

Ramnath shifts his family to Madras. Madhu is arrested for participating in the movement against British rule. A changed Sobha too jumps into the freedom struggle. Unable to trace her, the police take Ramnath into custody. An enraged Yasodha too joins the movement and goes to jail. But both are soon released. Madhu, on parole, comes home and Janaki treats him like her son. By then she is critically ill. Once the parole is over, the police come to pick him up. On seeing them, Janaki dies of shock. The police drag a deranged Madhu. After serving the sentence, Madhu, still in a mentally deranged condition, is released. Yasodha blames Ramnath for her son's plight. A dejected Ramnath leaves the house with his son. But, worried about his brother, he returns home and saves him from a fall. Dramatically, Madhu regains normality. India gets independence and the family participates in the celebrations.

== Cast ==
*[[V. Nagayya]] as Ramnath
*[[C. H. Narayana Rao]] as Madhu
*[[Krishnaveni (actress)|Krishnaveni]] as Sobha
*[[N. T. Rama Rao]] as British Inspector
*[[Relangi (actor)|Relangi]] as Constable No: 144
*[[Vangara Venkata Subbayya|Vangara]] as Nandayya
*Ramanatha Sastry as Barrat Law
*Surabhi Bala Saraswati as Shobha's friend
*Kanchan as Janaki
*Hemalatha as Yasodha
*Lakshmikantham as Narsi
*Master Vijay Shankar as Nehru

== Soundtrack ==
The film's soundtrack is composed by [[Ghantasala (musician)|Ghantasala]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Mana Desam (1949)-Song_Booklet|url=https://indiancine.ma/document/BZX/3|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=6 September 2020|website=Indiancine.ma}}</ref>
* "Jaya Janani" – patriotic song, singers are Ghantasala and C. Krishnaveni
* "Emito Ee Sambhandam Enduko Ee Anubhandam" – duet, singers are [[M. S. Ramarao]] and C. Krishnaveni
* "Chalo Chalo Raja" – Singers are M. S. Ramarao and C. Krishnaveni
* "Ninnu Nenu Maruvalenura Police Yenkatsami" – rural style song, singer is Jikki Krishnaveni
* "Atta leni Kodalu Uttamuralu" – folklore song. singer is C. Kirshnaveni
* "Vedalipo Tella Dora Vedalipo" – patriotic group song..Ghantasala and C. Krishnaveni & Group.
* "Nirvedamela Kanneridela" – Gandian song by Nagayya
* "O Bharata Yuvaka" – patriotic group song..Ghantasala & Group.
* "Kallo Ninnu CHoosinane Pilla Vallu Jallumannade" – duet, singers are Ghantasala and C. Krishnaveni
* "Vaishnava Janato" – Traditional Bhajan.. Ghantasala.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|id=0206920}}

{{L. V. Prasad}}

[[Category:1949 films]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]
[[Category:Films based on Indian novels]]
[[Category:Films scored by Ghantasala (musician)]]
[[Category:1940s Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:Films based on works by Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay]]
[[Category:Films set in the Indian independence movement]]
[[Category:Films directed by L. V. Prasad]]
[[Category:1949 drama films]]
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]
[[Category:Telugu-language drama films]]

Department of Minority Welfare (Andhra Pradesh)

2025-06-08T08:06:14Z

DarellBabcock5: Created

{{Short description|Head of the Ministry of Minority Welfare of the Government of Andhra Pradesh}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = Minister of Minority Welfare
| body =
| native_name = {{transliteration|te|Maināriṭī Saṅkṣēma Śākha Mantrī}}
| insignia =
| insigniasize = 200px
| insigniacaption =
| insigniaalt =
| flag =
| flagsize =
| flagalt =
| flagborder =
| flagcaption = [[Emblem of Andhra Pradesh]]
| image = Sri N. M. D. Farooq.jpg
| imagesize = 150px
| alt =
| imagecaption =
| incumbent = [[N. M. D. Farooq]]
| acting =
| incumbentsince = 12 June 2024
| department = Department of Minority Welfare
| style =
| type =
| status =
| abbreviation =
| member_of = [[Andhra Pradesh Council of Ministers|Andha Pradesh Cabinet]]
| reports_to = [[List of governors of Andhra Pradesh|Governor of Andhra Pradesh]] [[List of chief ministers of Andhra Pradesh|Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh]] [[Andhra Pradesh Legislature]]
| residence =
| seat =
| nominator =
| appointer = [[List of governors of Andhra Pradesh|Governor of Andhra Pradesh]]
| appointer_qualified = on the advice of the [[List of chief ministers of Andhra Pradesh|chief minister of Andhra Pradesh]]
| termlength =
| termlength_qualified =
| constituting_instrument =
| inaugural =[[Palle Raghunatha Reddy]]
| formation = 8 June 2014
| first =
| last =
| abolished =
| superseded_by =
| succession =
| unofficial_names =
| deputy =
| salary =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

The '''Minister of Minority Welfare''' is the head of the Department of Minority Welfare of the [[Government of Andhra Pradesh]].

The incumbent Minister of Minority Welfare is [[N. M. D. Farooq]] from the [[Telugu Desam Party]].

== List of ministers ==
{| class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.4em; text-align:center"
! rowspan=2 |#
! rowspan=2 colspan="2" |Portrait
! rowspan=2 style="width:16em" | Minister {{small|(Lifespan) Constituency}}
! colspan="3" |Term of office
! rowspan=2 style="width:5em" |Election {{small|(Term)}}
! rowspan=2 style="width:8em" |Party
! rowspan=2 style="width:8em" |Ministry
! rowspan=2 style="width:10em" |Chief Minister
!rowspan=2 |Ref.
|-
!Term start
!Term end
!Duration
|-
!1
|rowspan=3 bgcolor="{{party color|Telugu Desam Party}}"|
|
|'''[[Palle Raghunatha Reddy]]''' {{small| MLA for [[Puttaparthi Assembly constituency|Puttaparthi]]}}
|8 June 2014
|1 April 2017
|'''{{ayd|8 June 2014|1 April 2017}}'''
|rowspan=3 |[[2014 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2014]] {{small|[[14th Andhra Pradesh Assembly|(14th)]]}}
|rowspan=3 |[[Telugu Desam Party]]
|rowspan=3 bgcolor="#F5EC7D"| '''[[Third N. Chandrababu Naidu ministry|Naidu III]]'''
|rowspan=3 |[[N. Chandrababu Naidu]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-06-08 |title=19 ministers take oath along with Chandrababu Naidu |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/political-pulse/19-ministers-take-oath-along-with-chandrababu-naidu/ |access-date=2022-10-30 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
!–
|[[File: Chandrababu Naidu 2017.jpg|97x97px]]
|'''[[N. Chandrababu Naidu]]''' {{small|(born 1950) MLA for [[Kuppam Assembly constituency|Kuppam]]}} (Chief Minister)
|2 April 2017
|10 November 2018
|'''{{ayd|2 April 2017|10 November 2018}}'''
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=New portfolios allocated to Andhra Pradesh Cabinet ministers|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2017/Apr/03/new-portfolios-allocated-to-andhra-pradesh-cabinet-ministers-1589368.html |website = The New Indian Express|date=3 April 2017 }}</ref>
|-
!2
|[[File: Sri N. M. D. Farooq.jpg|97x97px]]
|'''[[N. M. D. Farooq]]''' {{small|(born 1950) MLC}}
|11 November 2018
|29 May 2019
|'''{{ayd|11 November 2018 |29 May 2019}}'''
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rao |first=G. v r Subba |date=2017-04-02 |title=Chandrababu Naidu's son Nara Lokesh takes oath as Minister |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/chandrababu-naidus-son-nara-lokesh-takes-oath-as-minister/article17762250.ece |access-date=2022-10-30 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
|-
!3
| bgcolor="{{party color|YSR Congress Party}}"|
|
|'''[[Amzath Basha Shaik Bepari]]''' {{small| MLA for [[Kadapa Assembly constituency|Kadapa]]}}
|30 May 2019
|11 June 2024
|'''{{ayd|30 May 2019|11 June 2024}}'''
|[[2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2019]] {{small|[[15th Andhra Pradesh Assembly|(15th)]]}}
| [[YSR Congress Party]]
|bgcolor="#94A2F7"| '''[[Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy ministry|Jagan]]'''
| [[Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy]]
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2019-05-30 |title=Jaganmohan Reddy sworn-in as Andhra Pradesh chief minister |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/jaganmohan-reddy-sworn-in-as-andhra-pradesh-chief-minister/articleshow/69574758.cms |access-date=2024-08-25 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|-
!(2)
|bgcolor="{{party color|Telugu Desam Party}}"|
|[[File: Sri N. M. D. Farooq.jpg|97x97px]]
|'''[[N. M. D. Farooq]]''' {{small|(born 1950) MLA for [[Nandyal Assembly constituency|Nandyal]]}}
|12 June 2024
|''Incumbent''
|'''{{ayd|12 June 2024|}}'''
|[[2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|2024]] {{small|[[16th Andhra Pradesh Assembly|(16th)]]}}
|[[Telugu Desam Party]]
|bgcolor="#F5EC7D"| '''[[Fourth N. Chandrababu Naidu ministry|Naidu IV]]'''
|[[N. Chandrababu Naidu]]
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-06-14 |title=Full list of Andhra Pradesh Cabinet Ministers with portfolios: Who gets what |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/andhra-pradesh-assembly/andhra-pradesh-council-of-ministers-full-list/article68288989.ece |access-date=2024-07-23 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Government of Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Lists of government ministers of Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:State cabinet ministers of Andhra Pradesh]]

Jamshid Shah Miri

2025-05-25T15:55:02Z

DarellBabcock5: Starting first entry basic info!

{{Short description|Sultan of Kashmir (r. 1342–1343)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2023}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Jamshid جمشید
| succession = 3rd [[Kashmir Sultanate|Sultan of Kashmir]]
| title = Sultan of Kashmir
| image =
| caption =
| reign = 6 July 1342 – 6 May 1343
| coronation = 1342
| predecessor = [[Shah Mir|Shamsu'd-Din Shah]]
| successor = [[Alauddin Shah|Alau'd-Din Shah]]
| spouse =
| issue =
| full name = Jamshid Shah Miri
| dynasty = [[Shah Mir dynasty]]<ref>
{{citation |last=Sharma |first=R. S. |author-link=Ram Sharan Sharma |title=A Comprehensive History of India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ucQKAQAAIAAJ |year=1992 |publisher=Orient Longmans |isbn=978-81-7007-121-1 |page=628}}</ref>
| royal anthem =
| religion = [[Sunni Islam]]
| father = [[Shah Mir|Shamsu'd-Din Shah Mir]]
| mother =
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| death_date = 1343
| death_place = Kashmir, Shah-Mir Sultanate
| burial_place = Kashmir
| signature =
}}
'''Jamshid Shah Miri''' ([[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]] and {{langx|fa|{{nq|جمشید شاہ میری}}}}) also known as '''Jamshid Shah''' or '''Jamshed Shah''') was the third [[List of monarchs of Kashmir|Sultan of Kashmir]] who ruled from 1342 to 1343.

== Early life ==

Jamshid was born in the wake of his father [[Shah Mir]]'s military and serviced exertion in [[Lohara dynasty|Kashmir]] during the invasion of [[Mongols|Mongol]] commander Zulchu in the early 14th century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dutt |first=J. C. |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.180776 |title=Kings Of Kashmira |date=1879 |pages=17}}</ref> Jamshid grew up along with his brother [[Alauddin Shah|Ali Sher]] in the court of [[Rinchan]] and later [[Lohara dynasty|Udayanadeva]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dutt |first=J. C. |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.180776 |title=Kings Of Kashmira |date=1879 |pages=33}}</ref>

== Rise to power ==

=== As governor of Kamraj ===
Jamshid's sheer expertise and martial adeptness with regards to his strong nature were well cherished even by the Maharaja himself. By gaining the trust of Maharaja Udayanadeva, Jamshid was appointed as the governor of Kamraj, the office which solidified his armoured wall even further.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dutt |first=J. C. |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.180776 |title=Kings Of Kashmira |date=1879 |pages=24}}</ref>

Jamshid carried his laws in the region and worked efficiently for the people of Kamraj. Warmly welcomed, he established himself in [[Sopore]] from where the orders were executed. Jamshid carried out his role as a governor till Shah Mir started an [[Shah Mir–Lohara War|armed rebellion]] against the [[Kota Rani|Maharani Kota]].<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F4_MoAEACAAJ |title=Baharistan-i-shahi: A Chronicle of Mediaeval Kashmir |date=2013 |publisher=Gulshan Books |isbn=978-81-8339-166-5 |pages=f 17a |language=en}}</ref>

=== As heir apparent of Kashmir ===
Jamshid supported his father in his campaign against the Maharani. He played a crucial role in subduing the Lohara army. In 1339, Shah Mir overcame the Lohara forces and revived the Kashmir Sultanate, once established by Rinchan,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Retzlaff |first1=Ralph H. |last2=Hasan |first2=Mohibbul |date= |title=Kashmir under the Sultans |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/595144 |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |volume= |issue= |pages=36 |doi=10.2307/595144 |jstor=595144 |issn=0003-0279|url-access=subscription }}</ref> by founding his own dynasty named [[Shah Mir dynasty|Shah Mir]] after him. He also proclaimed himself the 2nd Sultan of Kashmir while Jamshid was selected as the heir apparent. Jamshid was also appointed in other important offices in the government of his father.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Retzlaff |first1=Ralph H. |last2=Hasan |first2=Mohibbul |date= |title=Kashmir under the Sultans |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/595144 |journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society |volume= |issue= |pages=47 |doi=10.2307/595144 |jstor=595144 |issn=0003-0279|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Sultans of Kashmir]]
[[Category:Dethroned monarchs]]
[[Category:1343 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:14th-century Muslims]]
[[Category:Shah Mir dynasty]]

Kondakal

2025-05-12T22:58:09Z

DarellBabcock5: Starting initial pg w/ refs

{{short description|Town in Telangana, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2025}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kondakal
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[Census town]]
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Telangana#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Telangana, India
| coordinates = {{coord|17|46|15.4|N|78|18|25.3|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Telangana]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Ranga Reddy district|Ranga Reddy]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = State
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name="census">{{cite web|title=District Census Handbook – Guntur|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2806_PART_B_DCHB_RANGAREDDY.pdf|website=Census of India|publisher=The Registrar General & Census Commissioner|access-date=31 March 2017|pages=14, 58|format=PDF}}</ref>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 6.90
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 3811
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="census" />
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| registration_plate =TS
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Kondakal''' is a village in [[Shankarpalli mandal]], [[Ranga Reddy district]] in the State of [[Telangana]]. It is 9 km from Mandal Center [[Shankarpalli]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/telangana/private-rail-coach-factory-ready-for-inauguration-ktr/article38389520.ece|title=Private rail coach factory ready for inauguration: KTR}}</ref> The nearest town, Sangareddy is 20 km away. In June 2023, India's largest private rail coach factory was inaugurated in Kondakal village.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/railways-indias-largest-private-rail-coach-factory-inaugurated-in-telanganas-kondakal-village-3139500/|title= India’s largest private rail coach factory inaugurated in Telangana’s Kondakal village}}</ref> The 100 acres rail coach factory is constructed by Medha Servo Drives Private Limited, a Telangana-based company.

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Neighborhoods of Hyderabad|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Ranga Reddy district]]

{{Rangareddi-geo-stub}}

Grand Kerala Shopping Festival

2025-03-28T21:52:14Z

DarellBabcock5: improved section as per guidelines and improved wording

{{short description|Annual event in India}}
{{use Indian English|date=May 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}
{{refimprove|date=September 2024}}
{{Infobox recurring event
| name = Grand Kerala Shopping Festival
| native_name = ഗ്രാന്‍ഡ് കേരള ഷോപ്പിംഗ് ഫെസ്റ്റിവല്‍
| native_name_lang = ml
| status = Active
| genre = Shopping festival
| begins = 22 December<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/Over-1-Crore-GKSF-Coupons-Disbursed/2013/12/28/article1969460.ece | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106031555/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/Over-1-Crore-GKSF-Coupons-Disbursed/2013/12/28/article1969460.ece | url-status=dead | archive-date=6 January 2014 | title=Over 1 Crore GKSF Coupons Disbursed }}</ref>
| ends = 5 February
| frequency = Annual
| location = [[Kerala]]
| country = India
| years_active = 7
| first = 2007-2008<ref name="GKSF begins"/>
| founder_name = [[Kerala Government]]
| last = 2013-2014
| area = Kerala
| website = https://www.shoppingfestival.in/
| organised = [[Government of Kerala]]
}}

'''Grand Kerala Shopping Festival''' ('''GKSF''') is an annual shopping event in [[Kerala]], India. The festival is conducted by Kerala's [[Kerala tourism|Tourism Department]] in co-ordination with the [[Department of Industries (Kerala)|Industries & Commerce Department]], Finance Department and Local Self Government Department. Through this shopping festival, the [[Kerala Government]] intends to transform the State into a hub for international shopping experience and there by Launch "Shopping Tourism" in the state. In the process, the brand image of [[Kerala Tourism]] would go a long way to help upgrade the infrastructure of traditional marketing center in Kerala.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.shoppingfestival.in/about-us.php |title=About Grand Kerala Shopping Festival |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101019040329/http://www.shoppingfestival.in/about-us.php |archive-date=19 October 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

== Details ==
The festival first started on 1 December 2007 to next year 15 January lasting for a period of 46 days with an aim to promote and develop commerce, trade and industrial sector of Kerala using the brand value of [[Kerala Tourism]].<ref name="GKSF begins">{{cite news|title=Shopping festival begins|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/shopping-festival-begins/article1959420.ece|work=The Hindu|date=2 December 2007|access-date=24 January 2013}}</ref> The objective of the festival is to make the state an International shopping destination over a period of 5 years and create employment to develop traditional trade centers.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.shoppingfestival.in/faq.php |title=GKSF FAQ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100821095542/http://shoppingfestival.in/faq.php |archive-date=21 August 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

During this period stores and shops registered under the GKSF offer wide range of discounts, vat refunds etc.
Along with the guaranteed shopping experience, shoppers are provided with gift coupons for a fixed worth of purchase entering them into weekly and mega lucky draws.

The festival is a strong step taken forward to regain the lost glory of Kerala in the map of international trade and commerce. The Government aims to utilize the growth in the tourism sector to develop the state as an international trade and tourism destination. As compared to shopping festivals being held in other countries, this Festival converts the entire state of Kerala into a giant shopping mall, incorporating not just the big players, but also the small and medium scale industries.

Over 3,000 outlets selling jewellery, electronic goods, textiles, consumer-durables, cars and autos, as well as hotels, restaurants and shopping malls across the state register for this several days long Shopping Festival. The aim of the festival is to make Kerala an international shopping destination in five years on lines of [[Dubai Shopping Festival|Dubai]] and [[Great Singapore Sale|Singapore]] and thereby attract tourists in large number to the state. Regional hubs of commercial activity are being planned in major cities and towns for the shopping festival.

The 6th season of GKSF (2012-2013) also featured a contemporary art fair. The exhibition-come-sale featuring more than 300 works by over 200 artists was a first-of-its-kind attempt to address the lack of marketing opportunities for Kerala artists. The fair was inaugurated at [[Kanakakkunnu Palace]] in [[Thiruvananthapuram]] by Chief Minister [[Oommen Chandy]] with the sale of two paintings.<ref>{{cite news|title=Contemporary Art Fair gives art its due|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/contemporary-art-fair-gives-art-its-due/article4272599.ece|work=The Hindu|date=4 January 2013|access-date=26 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Fair sparked hope in artists|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/fair-sparked-hope-in-artists-says-kanayi/article4343151.ece|work=The Hindu|date=25 January 2013|access-date=26 February 2013}}</ref>
----

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Official website|http://www.shoppingfestival.in/|Grand Kerala Shopping Festival official website}}



[[Category:Shopping festivals]]
[[Category:Retailing in India]]
[[Category:Economy of Kerala]]
[[Category:Festivals established in 2007]]
[[Category:2007 establishments in Kerala]]