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Prime Minister of India

2022-03-10T07:43:28Z

Ctoi: Update information and citation

{{Short description|Head of the Government of India}}
{{Pp-move-indef|small=no}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = Prime Minister
| body = India
| native_name = {{lang|hi-Latn|Bhārat ke Pradhānamantri}}
| insignia = Emblem of India.svg
| insigniasize = 75
| insigniacaption = [[State Emblem of India]]
| insigniaalt =
| flag = Flag of India.svg
| flagborder = yes
| flagcaption = [[Flag of India]]
| image = Official portrait of the Prime Minister Narendra Modi, November 2020 (cropped).jpg
| imagesize =
| alt = Official Portrait, 2020
| imagecaption =
| incumbent = [[Narendra Modi]]
| acting =
| incumbentsince = {{Start date|df=y|2014|5|26}}
| department = [[Prime Minister's Office (India)|Prime Minister's Office]]
| style = {{bulleted list|[[The Honourable]] {{small|[[The Honourable#Usage|(Hon'ble)]]}}{{small|(formal)}}|[[Excellency|His Excellency]] {{small|(in diplomatic correspondence)}}|[[Mister|Mr. Prime Minister]] {{small|(informal)}}}}
| type = [[Head of government]]
| status =
| abbreviation = PM
| member_of = {{plainlist|[[Parliament of India]] [[Union Council of Ministers]]|[[Planning Commission (India)|Planning Commission]]}}
| reports_to = {{bulleted list|[[President of India]]|[[Vice President of India]]|[[Parliament of India]]}}
| residence = [[7, Lok Kalyan Marg]], [[New Delhi]], [[Delhi]], [[India]]
| seat = [[Prime Minister's Office (India)|Prime Minister's Office]], [[Secretariat Building, New Delhi|South Block, Central Secretariat]], [[Raisina Hill]], New Delhi, Delhi, India
| nominator = [[Lok Sabha]] [[Member of parliament, Lok Sabha|members]]
| appointer = [[President of India]]
| appointer_qualified = by [[Convention (norm)#Government|convention]], based on appointee's ability to [[Parliamentary system|command confidence]] in the [[Lok Sabha]]
| termlength = [[At Her Majesty's pleasure#Derivatives|At the pleasure of the President]]
| termlength_qualified = [[Lok Sabha]] term is 5 years unless dissolved sooner No term limits specified
| constituting_instrument = [[Constitution of India]]
| precursor = [[Interim Government of India|Vice President of the Executive Council]]
| formation = {{start date and age|df=y|1947|08|15}}
| first = [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]
| last =
| abolished =
| superseded_by =
| succession =
| unofficial_names =
| deputy = [[Deputy Prime Minister of India|Deputy Prime Minister]]
| salary = {{bulleted list|{{INRConvert|280000}} {{small|(per month)}}<ref name=salary1/>|{{INRConvert|3360000}} {{small|(Annual)}}<ref name=salary1>as per Section 3 of {{Cite web|url=https://mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/MinisterAct1952_080714.pdf|title=The Salaries and Allowances of Ministers Act 1952 and the rules made thereunder|website=[[Ministry of Home Affairs]]|access-date=28 January 2019}}</ref>}}
| website = {{URL|pmindia.gov.in/}}
| footnotes =
}}
{{Politics of India}}
[[File:Lord_Mountbatten_swears_in_Jawaharlal_Nehru_as_the_first_Prime_Minister_of_free_India_on_Aug_15,_1947.jpg|alt=|thumb|[[Lord Mountbatten]] swears in [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] as the first prime minister of India on [[Independence Day (India)|15 August 1947]].]]
[[File:PM Modi addressing UNGA Sep 2020.jpg|thumb|PM Modi addressing [[United Nations General Assembly|UNGA]] meet in Sep 2020]]
The '''prime minister of India''' ({{IAST3|Bhārat ke Pradhānamantrī}}), officially the '''prime minister of the Republic of India''' is the [[head of government|head]] of the executive branch of the [[government of India]]. The prime minister is the presiding member of the [[Union Council of Ministers|Council of Ministers]] of the central government and heads the federal cabinet. They can be a member of any of the two houses of the [[Parliament of India]]—the [[Lok Sabha]] (House of the People) and the [[Rajya Sabha]] (Council of the States); but has to be a member of the political party or coalition, having a majority in the Lok Sabha.

The prime minister is the senior-most member of the cabinet in the executive branch of the federal government in the [[Westminster system|parliamentary system]]. The prime minister selects and can dismiss members of the cabinet; allocates posts to members within the government; and is the presiding member and chairperson of the cabinet.

The [[Union Council of Ministers|Union Cabinet]] headed by the prime minister is appointed by the President of India to assist the latter in the administration of the affairs of the executive. Union cabinet is collectively responsible to the [[Lok Sabha]] as per [[s:Constitution of India/Part V|Article 75(3)]] of the [[Constitution of India]]. The prime minister has to enjoy the confidence of a majority in the Lok Sabha and shall resign if they are unable to prove majority when instructed by the president.

The [[de facto]] [[commander-in-chief]] of the [[Indian Armed Forces|Armed Forces]], the prime minister is usually the most powerful person in India and one of so in the world. Because they are the [[Leader of the Lok Sabha]] by default and India is a [[parliamentary system]], the prime minister is the largest influencer over the legislature. Their advice to the President regarding top-level appointments carries the largest weightage.

[[Narendra Modi]] is the 15th and current prime minister of India, having [[First swearing-in ceremony of Narendra Modi|assumed office]] on 26 May, 2014.
==Origins and history==
India follows a [[parliamentary system]] in which the prime minister is the presiding [[head of the government]] and chief of the executive of the government. In such systems, the [[head of state]], or, the head of state's official representative (i.e., the monarch, president, or [[governor-general]]) usually holds a purely ceremonial position and acts—on most matters—only on the advice of the prime minister.

The prime minister—if they are not already—shall become a [[Member of Parliament (India)|member of parliament]] within six months of beginning his/her tenure. A prime minister is expected to work with other central ministers to ensure the passage of bills by the parliament.
=== History ===
{{Timeline prime minister of India}}
==== 1947–1984 ====
Since 1947, India has had 15 prime ministers. Jawaharlal Nehru was India's first prime minister from August 15, 1947 until his death on May 27, 1964, while current PM Narendra Modi is the first one who was born after Indian independence<ref>[https://www.connectedtoindia.com/prime-ministers-of-india-list-from-1947-to-2021-9671.html Prime Ministers of India list from 1947 to 2021] ''Connected to India.'' Retrieved December 30, 2021</ref>. The first few decades after 1947 saw the [[Indian National Congress]]' (INC) almost complete domination over the political map of India. India's first prime minister—[[Jawaharlal Nehru]]—took oath on 15 August 1947. Nehru went on to serve as prime minister for 17 consecutive years, winning four [[Elections in India|general election]]s in the process. His tenure ended in May 1964, on his death.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XUEEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA32|title=A Man Who, with All His Mind and Heart, Loved India|date=5 June 1964|work=Life|pages=32}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0527.html|title=India Mourning Nehru, 74, Dead of a Heart Attack; World Leaders Honor Him|date=27 May 1964|website=[[The New York Times]]|issn=0362-4331|oclc=1645522|access-date=4 April 2018}}</ref> After the death of Nehru, [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]]—a former [[Minister of Home Affairs (India)|home minister]] and a leader of the Congress party—ascended to the position of Prime Minister. Shastri's tenure saw the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965]]. Shashtri subsequently died of a reported heart attack in [[Tashkent]], after signing the [[Tashkent Declaration]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/thereporters/soutikbiswas/2009/08/was_mr_shastri_murdered.html|title=Was Mr Shastri murdered?|last=Biswas|first=Soutik|date=27 August 2009|publisher=[[BBC]]|access-date=4 April 2018}}</ref>

After Shastri, [[Indira Gandhi]]—Nehru's daughter—was elected as the country's first woman prime minister. Indira's first term in office lasted 11 years, in which she took steps such as [[Banking in India#Nationalisation in the 1960s|nationalisation of banks]];<ref>{{Cite book|title=Working a democratic constitution: A history of the Indian experience|last=Granville|first=Austin|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2003|isbn=978-0195656107|location=Delhi|pages=215|oclc=52992056}}</ref> end of [[Privy Purse in India|allowances]] and political posts, which were received by members of the royal families of the erstwhile [[princely state]]s of [[Presidencies and provinces of British India|British India]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=India's silent revolution: The rise of the lower castes in North India|last=Christophe|first=Jaffrelot|publisher=[[C. Hurst & Co.]]|year=2003|isbn=978-1850653981|location=London|pages=131–142|oclc=54023168}}</ref> In addition, events such as the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]];<ref>{{Cite book|title=A History of India|url=https://archive.org/details/historyindia00kulk|url-access=limited|last1=Hermann|first1=Kulke|last2=Rothermund|first2=Dietmar|publisher=[[Routledge]]|year=2004|isbn=978-0415329194|edition=4th|location=New York City|pages=[https://archive.org/details/historyindia00kulk/page/n371 359]|oclc=57054139}}</ref> the establishment of a sovereign [[Bangladesh]];<ref>{{Cite book|title=One world divisible: a global history since 1945|last=David|first=Reynolds|publisher=[[W. W. Norton]]|year=2001|isbn=978-0393321081|location=New York City|pages=244–247|oclc=46977934}}</ref> accession of [[Sikkim]] to India, through a [[1975 Sikkimese monarchy referendum|referendum]] in 1975;<ref>{{Cite book|title=Himalayan Anthropology: The Indo-Tibetan Interface|publisher=Mouton|year=1978|isbn=978-3110806496|editor-last=Fisher|editor-first=James F.|location=[[The Hague]]|pages=225|oclc=561996779}}</ref> and India's [[Smiling Buddha|first nuclear test]] in [[Pokhran]] occurred during Indira's first term. In 1975, President [[Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed]]—on Indira's advice—imposed a [[The Emergency (India)|state of emergency]], therefore, bestowing the government with the power to [[rule by decree]], the period is known for human right violations.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Unsettling memories: narratives of the emergency in Delhi|last=Emma|first=Tarlo|publisher=[[University of California Press]]|year=2001|isbn=978-0520231207|location=[[Berkeley, California|Berkeley]]|oclc=46421940}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/a-tale-of-three-emergencies-real-reason-always-different/235992/0|title=A tale of three Emergencies: real reason always different|last=Jaitley|first=Arun|author-link=Arun Jaitley|date=5 November 2007|website=[[The Indian Express]]|oclc=70274541|access-date=4 April 2018}}</ref>

After widespread protests, the emergency was lifted in 1977, and a [[Elections in India|general election]] was to be held. All of the political parties of the opposition—after the conclusion of the emergency—fought together against the Congress, under the umbrella of the [[Janata Party]], in the [[1977 Indian general election|general election of 1977]], and were successful in defeating the Congress. Subsequently, [[Morarji Desai]]—a former [[Deputy Prime Minister of India|deputy prime minister]]—became the first non-Congress prime minister of the country. The government of Prime Minister Desai was composed of groups with opposite ideologies, in which unity and co-ordination were difficult to maintain. Ultimately, after two and a half years as PM; on 28 July 1979, Morarji tendered his resignation to the president; and his government fell. Thereafter, [[Charan Singh]]—a deputy prime minister in Desai's cabinet—with outside, conditional support from Congress, proved a majority in [[Lok Sabha]] and took oath as prime minister.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Predictioneer's game: Using the logic of brazen self-interest to see and shape the future|last=Bueno de Mesquita|first=Bruce|publisher=[[Random House]]|year=2009|isbn=978-0-8129-7977-0|edition=1st|location=New York City|pages=xxiii|oclc=290470064}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=The Congress, Indira to Sonia Gandhi|last=Sanghvi|first=Vijay|publisher=Kalpaz Publications|year=2006|isbn=978-8178353401|location=Delhi|pages=114–122|oclc=74972515}}</ref> However, Congress pulled its support shortly after, and Singh had to resign; he had a tenure of 5 months, the shortest in the history of the office.

In [[1980 Indian general election|1980]], after a three-year absence, the Congress returned to power with an absolute majority. Indira Gandhi was elected prime minister a second time.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/indira-gandhi-becomes-indian-prime-minister|title=Indira Gandhi becomes Indian Prime Minister – Jan 19, 1966|work=[[History (U.S. TV network)|History]]|access-date=4 April 2018|publisher=[[A&E Networks]]}}</ref> During her second tenure, [[Operation Blue Star]]—an [[Indian Army]] operation inside the [[Golden Temple]], the most sacred site in [[Sikhism]]—was conducted, resulting in reportedly thousands of deaths.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Globalizations and social movements: Culture, power, and the transnational public sphere|last1=Guidry|first1=John A.|last2=Kennedy|first2=Michael D.|last3=Zald|first3=Mayer N.|publisher=[[University of Michigan Press]]|year=2000|isbn=978-0472067213|location=[[Ann Arbor]]|pages=319|oclc=593248991}}</ref> Subsequently, on 31 October 1984, Gandhi was shot dead by [[Satwant Singh]] and [[Beant Singh (assassin)|Beant Singh]]—two of her bodyguards—in the garden of her residence at 1, [[Safdarjung Road]], New Delhi.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/01/06/world/india-hangs-two-sikhs-convicted-in-assassination-of-indira-gandhi.html|title=India Hangs Two Sikhs Convicted in Assassination of Indira Gandhi|last=Crossette|first=Barbara|date=6 January 1989|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=4 April 2018|issn=0362-4331|oclc=1645522}}</ref>
==== 1984–1999 ====
After Indira, [[Rajiv Gandhi|Rajiv]]—her eldest son and 40 years old at the time—was sworn in on the evening of 31 October 1984, becoming the youngest person ever to hold the office of prime minister. Rajiv immediately called for a general election. In the subsequent [[1984 Indian general election|general election]], the Congress secured an [[absolute majority]], winning 401 of 552 seats in the [[Lok Sabha]], the maximum number received by any party in the history of India.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/29/newsid_3314000/3314987.stm|title=1984: Rajiv Gandhi wins landslide election victory|publisher=[[BBC]]|access-date=5 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=336&dat=19841231&id=sTdTAAAAIBAJ&pg=3454,6835384&hl=en|title=Rajiv Gandhi takes oath as India's Prime Minister|date=31 December 1984|website=[[Deseret News]]|location=New Delhi|issn=0745-4724|access-date=5 April 2018|agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> [[V. P. Singh|Vishwanath Pratap Singh]]—first [[Minister of Finance (India)|finance minister]] and then later [[Minister of Defence (India)|defence minister]] in Gandhi's cabinet—uncovered irregularities, in what became known as the [[Bofors scandal]], during his stint at the [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]]; Singh was subsequently expelled from Congress and formed the [[Janata Dal]] and—with the help of several anti-Congress parties—also formed the [[National Front (India)|National Front]], a coalition of many political parties.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/09/18/world/new-opposition-front-in-india-stages-lively-rally.html?scp=1&sq=%22v%20p%20singh%22%20%22jan%20morcha%22&st=cse|title=New Opposition Front in India Stages Lively Rally|last=Crossette|first=Barbara|date=18 September 1988|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=5 April 2018|issn=0362-4331|oclc=1645522}}</ref>

In the [[1989 Indian general election|general election of 1989]], the National Front—with outside support from the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) and the [[Left Front (West Bengal)|Left Front]]—came to power.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/12/02/world/indian-opposition-chooses-a-premier.html?scp=14&sq=%22v%20p%20singh%22&st=cse|title=Indian opposition chooses a premier|last=Crossette|first=Barbara|date=2 December 1989|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=5 April 2018|issn=0362-4331|oclc=1645522}}</ref> [[V. P. Singh]] was elected prime minister.<ref name=":1" /> During a tenure of less than a year, Singh and his government accepted the [[Mandal Commission]]'s recommendations.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/mandal-vs-mandir/|title=Mandal vs Mandir|last=Malhotra|first=Inder|date=23 March 2015|work=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=5 April 2018|publisher=[[Indian Express Group]]|oclc=70274541}}</ref> Singh's tenure came to an end after he ordered the arrest of BJP member [[L. K. Advani|Lal Krishna Advani]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/10/30/world/india-ready-to-bar-hindu-move-today.html|title=India ready to bar Hindu move today|last=Crossette|first=Barbara|date=30 October 1990|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=5 April 2018|issn=0362-4331|oclc=1645522}}</ref> as a result, BJP withdrew its outside support to the government, V. P. Singh lost the subsequent [[Motion of no confidence|vote-of-no-confidence]] 146–320 and had to resign.<ref name=":9">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/11/08/world/india-s-cabinet-falls-as-premier-loses-confidence-vote-by-142-346-and-quits.html?sec=travel&pagewanted=all|title=India's Cabinet Falls as Premier Loses Confidence Vote, by 142–346, and Quits|last=Crossette|first=Barbara|date=8 November 1990|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=5 April 2018|issn=0362-4331|oclc=1645522}}</ref> After V. P. Singh's resignation, [[Chandra Shekhar]] along with 64 [[Member of Parliament (India)|members of parliament]] (MPs) floated the [[Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/11/06/world/dissidents-split-indian-prime-minister-s-party.html?scp=16&sq=%22v%20p%20singh%22&st=cse|title=Dissidents Split Indian Prime Minister's Party|last=Crossette|first=Barbara|date=6 November 1990|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=5 April 2018|issn=0362-4331|oclc=1645522}}</ref> and proved a majority in the [[Lok Sabha]] with support from Congress.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/11/10/world/rival-of-singh-becomes-india-premier.html?scp=17&sq=%22v%20p%20singh%22&st=cse|title=Rival of Singh Becomes India Premier|last=Hazarika|first=Sanjoy|date=10 November 1990|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=5 April 2018|issn=0362-4331|oclc=1645522}}</ref> But Shekhar's premiership did not last long, Congress proceeded to withdraw its support; Shekhar's government fell as a result, and [[1991 Indian general election|new election]]s were announced.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/Chandra-Shekhar-critical/article14790254.ece|title=Chandra Shekhar critical|date=8 July 2007|work=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=5 April 2018|publisher=[[The Hindu Group]]|agency=[[Press Trust of India]]|location=New Delhi|issn=0971-751X|oclc=13119119}}</ref>

In the [[1991 Indian general election|general election of 1991]], Congress—under the leadership of [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]]—formed a [[minority government]]; Rao became the first PM of [[South India]]n origin.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4120429.stm|title=Narasimha Rao – a reforming PM|date=23 December 2004|publisher=[[BBC]]|access-date=5 April 2018}}</ref> After the [[dissolution of the Soviet Union]], India was on the brink of [[Sovereign bankruptcy|bankruptcy]], so, Rao took steps to [[liberalise]] the economy, and appointed [[Manmohan Singh]]—an economist and a former [[List of Governors of Reserve Bank of India|governor of the Reserve Bank of India]]—as finance minister.<ref name=":3" /> Rao and Singh then took various steps to liberalise the economy,<ref name=":3" /> these resulted in an unprecedented economic growth in India.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=DeLong|first=J. Bradford|author-link=J. Bradford DeLong|date=July 2001|title=India Since Independence: An Analytic Growth Narrative|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/246458096|journal=In Search of Prosperity: Analytic Narratives on Economic Growth|access-date=5 April 2018|via=Research Gate}}</ref> His premiership, however, was also a witness to the [[demolition of the Babri Masjid]], which resulted in the death of about 2,000 people.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-11436552|title=Timeline: Ayodhya holy site crisis|date=6 December 2012|publisher=[[BBC]]|access-date=5 April 2018}}</ref> Rao, however, did complete five continuous years in office, becoming the first prime minister outside of the [[Nehru–Gandhi family|Nehru—Gandhi family]] to do so.<ref name=":3" />

After the end of Rao's tenure in May 1996, the nation saw four prime ministers in a span of three years, ''{{Abbr|[[viz.]]|videlicet}}'', two tenures of [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]; one tenure of [[H. D. Deve Gowda]] from 1 June 1996 to 21 April 1997; and one tenure of [[I. K. Gujral]] from 21 April 1997 to 19 March 1998. The government of Prime Minister Vajpayee—elected in [[1998 Indian general election|1998]]—took some concrete steps. In May 1998—after a month in power—the government announced the [[Pokhran-II|conduct of five underground nuclear explosions]] in [[Pokhran]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/asiapcf/9805/17/india.nuke.tests/|title=India releases pictures of nuclear tests|date=17 May 1998|website=[[Cable News Network]]|publisher=[[Turner Broadcasting System]]|location=New Delhi|access-date=5 April 2018}}</ref> In response to these tests, many [[Western world|western countries]], including the United States, imposed [[economic sanctions]] on India,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/special_report/1998/05/98/india_nuclear_testing/92797.stm|title=US imposes sanctions on India|date=13 May 1999|publisher=[[BBC]]|access-date=5 April 2018}}</ref> but, due to the support received from Russia, France, the [[Arab states of the Persian Gulf|Gulf countries]] and some other nations, the sanctions—were largely—not considered successful.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Morrow|first1=Daniel|last2=Carriere|first2=Michael|date=1 January 1999|title=The economic impacts of the 1998 sanctions on India and Pakistan|journal=The Nonproliferation Review|volume=6|issue=4|pages=1–16|doi=10.1080/10736709908436775|issn=1073-6700}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=India's nuclear diplomacy after Pokhran II|last=Rai|first=Ajai K.|publisher=[[Longman]]|others=Foreword by [[Ved Prakash Malik]]|year=2009|isbn=978-8131726686|location=Delhi|oclc=313061697}}</ref> A few months later in response to the Indian nuclear tests, Pakistan also [[Chagai-I|conducted nuclear tests]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Eating grass: The making of the Pakistani bomb|last=Khan|first=Feroz Hassan|publisher=[[Stanford University Press]]|year=2012|isbn=978-0804784801|location=[[Stanford, California|Stanford]]|pages=281|oclc=816041307}}</ref> Given the deteriorating situation between the two countries, the governments tried to improve bilateral relations. In February 1999, the India and Pakistan signed the [[Lahore Declaration]], in which the two countries announced their intention to annul mutual enmity, increase trade and use their nuclear capabilities for peaceful purposes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/1999/feb/21bus.htm|title=Vajpayee, Sharief sign Lahore Declaration|last=Iype|first=George|date=21 February 1999|work=[[Rediff.com]]|location=Lahore|access-date=5 April 2018}}</ref> In May 1999, [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] withdrew from the ruling [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]] (NDA) coalition;<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/318912.stm|title=Jayalalitha: Actress-turned-politician|date=14 April 1999|publisher=[[BBC]]|access-date=5 April 2018}}</ref> Vajpayee's government, hence, became a [[Caretaker government|caretaker]] one after losing a motion-of-no-confidence 269–270, this coincided with the [[Kargil War]] with Pakistan.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/india-was-ready-to-cross-loc-use-nuclear-weapons-in-kargil-war-115120300518_1.html|title=India was ready to cross LoC, use nuclear weapons in Kargil war|date=3 December 2015|work=[[Business Standard]]|access-date=5 April 2018|publisher=Business Standard Ltd|others=BS Web Team|location=New Delhi|oclc=496280002}}</ref> In the subsequent [[1999 Indian general election|October 1999 general election]], the BJP-led NDA and its affiliated parties secured a comfortable majority in the Lok Sabha, winning 299 of 543 seats in the [[lower house]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/468258.stm|title=Indian election: What they said|date=8 October 1999|publisher=[[BBC]]|access-date=5 April 2018}}</ref>
==== 2000–present ====
[[File:Narendra_Modi_meets_Dr._Manmohan_Singh.jpg|thumb|Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] (left) meets his predecessor, [[Manmohan Singh]] (right), c. 2014.]]
Vajpayee continued the process of economic liberalisation during his reign, resulting in economic growth.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/atal-bihari-vajpayees-five-steps-that-changed-india-forever/articleshow/62240161.cms|title=Atal Bihari Vajpayee's five steps that changed India forever|date=27 December 2017|work=[[The Economic Times]]|access-date=6 April 2018|others=ET Online|location=New Delhi|oclc=61311680}}</ref> In addition to the development of infrastructure and basic facilities, the government took several steps to improve the infrastructure of the country, such as, the [[National Highways Development Project]] (NHDP) and the ''[[Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana]]'' (PMGSY; [[International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration|IAST]]: {{IAST|Pradhānamaṃtrī Grāma Saḍa़ka Yojanā}}; {{Literal translation}} Prime Minister Rural Road Scheme),<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/opinion/edit-page/A-leader-of-substance-Along-with-Narasimha-Rao-Atal-Bihari-Vajpayee-laid-the-foundation-of-new-India/articleshow/17747366.cms?referral=PM|title=A leader of substance: Along with Narasimha Rao, Atal Bihari Vajpayee laid the foundation of new India|last=Panagariya|first=Arvind|date=25 December 2012|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=6 April 2018|oclc=23379369|author-link=Arvind Panagariya}}</ref> for the development of roads. But during his reign, the [[2002 Gujarat riots|2002 Gujarat communal riots]] in the state of Gujarat took place; resulting in about 2,000 deaths.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The ethics of terrorism: Innovative approaches from an international perspective (17 lectures)|last1=Yakov|first1=Gilinskiy|last2=Gilly|first2=Thomas Albert|last3=Sergevnin|first3=Vladimir|publisher=Charles C. Thomas Publishers|year=2009|isbn=978-0398079956|location=[[Springfield, Illinois|Springfield]]|pages=28|oclc=731209878}}</ref> Vajpayee's tenure as prime minister came to an end in May 2004, making him the first non-Congress PM to complete a full five-year tenure.<ref name=":4" />

In the [[2004 Indian general election|2004 election]], the Congress emerged as the largest party in a [[hung parliament]]; Congress-led [[United Progressive Alliance]] (UPA)—with outside support from the Left Front, the [[Samajwadi Party]] (SP) and [[Bahujan Samaj Party]] (BSP) among others—proved a majority in the Lok Sabha,<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3736723.stm|title=India swears in its first Sikh PM|date=22 May 2004|publisher=[[BBC]]|access-date=6 April 2018}}</ref> and Manmohan Singh was elected prime minister; becoming the first Sikh prime minister of the nation.<ref name=":5" /> During his tenure, the country retained the economic momentum gained during Prime Minister Vajpayee's tenure.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6294409.stm|title=Indian economy 'to overtake UK'|last=Grammaticas|first=Damian|date=24 January 2007|publisher=[[BBC]]|access-date=6 April 2018|location=Delhi}}</ref> Apart from this, the government succeeded in getting the ''[[National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005]]'', and the ''[[Right to Information Act, 2005]]'' passed in the parliament.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/learning-from-nrega/article6342811.ece|title=Learning from NREGA|last=Drèze|first=Jean|date=23 August 2008|work=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=6 April 2018|publisher=[[The Hindu Group]]|issn=0971-751X|oclc=13119119|author-link=Jean Drèze}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/President-gives-assent-to-law-on-right-to-information/articleshow/1152297.cms|title=President gives assent to law on right to information|date=25 June 2005|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=6 April 2018|agency=[[Press Trust of India]]|location=New Delhi|oclc=23379369}}</ref> Further, the government strengthened India's relations with nations like [[Afghanistan]];<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/india-afghanistan-relations|title=India-Afghanistan Relations|last=Bajoria|first=Jayshree|date=22 July 2009|work=[[Council on Foreign Relations]]|access-date=6 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7540204.stm|title=India announces more Afghan aid|date=4 August 2008|publisher=[[BBC]]|access-date=6 April 2018}}</ref> Russia;<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/%0D%0Anews/2005/dec/06pmrus2.htm|title=India, Russia sign agreements to strengthen ties|last=Roychowdhury|first=Amitabh|date=6 December 2005|work=[[Rediff.com]]|location=Moscow|access-date=6 April 2018|agency=[[Press Trust of India]]}}</ref> the [[Arab states of the Persian Gulf|Gulf states]]; and the United States, culminating with the ratification of [[India–United States Civil Nuclear Agreement]] near the end of Singh's first term.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/us/Finally-its-done-India-back-on-the-nuclear-train/articleshow/3551691.cms?referral=PM|title=Finally, it's done: India back on the nuclear train|last=Rajghatta|first=Chidanand|date=2 October 2008|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=6 April 2018|location=Washington D.C.|oclc=23379369}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7650286.stm|title=A win-win situation for India|last=Sirohi|first=Seema|date=9 October 2008|work=[[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook]]|publisher=[[BBC]]|access-date=6 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/10/01/us.india.nuclear/|title=Senate approves nuclear deal with India|date=1 October 2008|website=[[Cable News Network]]|publisher=[[Turner Broadcasting Network]]|location=Washington D.C.|access-date=6 April 2018}}</ref> At the same time, the [[2008 Mumbai attacks|November 2008 Mumbai terrorist attacks]] also happened during Singh's first term in office.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/18/opinion/18friedman.html|title=No Way, No How, Not Here|last=Friedman|first=Thomas L.|date=17 February 2009|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=6 April 2018|location=New Delhi|issn=0362-4331|oclc=1645522}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/mumbai-terror-attacks-pakistanis-charged/story?id=9176592|title=Mumbai Terror Suspects Charged a Year After Attacks|last=Schifrin|first=Nick|date=25 November 2009|publisher=[[ABC News]]|access-date=6 April 2018}}</ref> In the [[2009 Indian general election|general election of 2009]], the mandate of UPA increased.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/more-congress-less-upa/358357/|title=More Congress, less UPA|date=17 May 2009|work=[[Business Standard]]|access-date=6 April 2018|publisher=Business Standard Ltd|others=B. S. Reporter|location=New Delhi|oclc=496280002}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ndtv.com/news/india/manmohan_gets_presidential_invite_to_form_govt.php|title=Manmohan gets presidential invite to form govt|date=21 May 2009|publisher=[[NDTV]]|access-date=6 April 2018|agency=[[Press Trust of India]]|location=New Delhi}}</ref> Prime Minister Singh's second term, however, was surrounded by accusations of high-level scandals and corruption.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/15560793.cms?intenttarget=no|title=Prime Minister Manmohan Singh directly responsible for coal scam: Arun Jaitley|date=19 August 2012|work=[[The Economic Times]]|access-date=6 April 2018|agency=[[Press Trust of India]]|location=[[Indore]]|oclc=61311680}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-2g-scam-disappointed-over-manmohan-singh-s-refusal-to-appear-before-jpc-says-yashwant-sinha-1820446|title=2G scam: Disappointed over Manmohan Singh's refusal to appear before JPC, says Yashwant Sinha {{!}} Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis|date=9 April 2013|work=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|access-date=6 April 2018|agency=[[Asian News International]]|oclc=801791672}}</ref> Singh resigned as prime minister on 17 May 2014, after Congress' defeat in the [[2014 Indian general election|2014 general election]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ndtv.com/elections-news/prime-minister-manmohan-singh-resigns-after-10-years-in-office-562442|title=Prime Minister Manmohan Singh Resigns After 10 Years in Office|date=17 May 2014|publisher=[[NDTV]]|access-date=6 April 2018|editor-last=Ghosh|editor-first=Deepshikha|location=New Delhi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/elections/highlights/story/manmohan-singh-resigns-as-prime-minister-193309-2014-05-17|title=Manmohan Singh to continue as PM till Modi assumes office|date=17 May 2014|website=[[India Today]]|publisher=[[Aroon Purie]]|location=New Delhi|issn=0254-8399|access-date=6 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/Manmohan-Singh-resigns-bringing-to-an-end-his-10-year-tenure/articleshow/35254774.cms|title=Manmohan Singh resigns bringing to an end his 10-year tenure|date=17 May 2014|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=6 April 2018|agency=[[Press Trust of India]]|location=New Delhi|oclc=23379369}}</ref>
[[File:Modi at the 69th UN general assembly.jpg|thumb|Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] addressing the 69th [[United Nations General Assembly]], c. 2014.]]In the [[2014 Indian general election|general election of 2014]], the BJP-led NDA got an absolute majority, winning 336 out of 543 Lok Sabha seats; the BJP itself became the first party since 1984 to get a majority in the Lok Sabha. [[Narendra Modi]]—the [[List of Chief Ministers of Gujarat|Chief Minister of Gujarat]]—was elected prime minister, becoming the first prime minister to have been born in an independent India.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/Narendra-Modi-appointed-Prime-Minister-swearing-in-on-May-26/articleshow/35388297.cms?|title=Narendra Modi appointed Prime Minister, swearing in on May 26|date=20 May 2014|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=6 April 2018|agency=[[Press Trust of India]]|location=New Delhi|oclc=23379369}}</ref>
[[Narendra Modi]] was re-elected as prime minister in 2019 with a bigger mandate than that of 2014. The BJP-led [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]] winning 354 seats out of which [[BJP]] secured 303 seats.<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-48347081 |title = Landslide win for Narendra Modi in India elections|work = BBC News|date = 23 May 2019}}</ref>
== Constitutional framework and position of prime minister ==
The [[Constitution of India|Constitution]] envisions a scheme of affairs in which the [[president of India]] is the head of state; in terms of Article 53 with office of the prime minister being the head of [[Council of Ministers of the Republic of India|Council of Ministers]] to assist and advise the president in the discharge of his/her constitutional functions. To quote, Article 53, [[wikisource:Constitution of India/Part V|74]] and 75 provide as under;
{{blockquote|The executive powers of the Union shall be vested in the president and shall be exercised either directly or through subordinate officers, in accordance with the Constitution.| Article 53(1), Constitution of India}}
{{blockquote|There shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head to aid and advise the president who shall, in the exercise of his functions, act in accordance with such advice.| [[Article 74 (Constitution of India)|Article 74(1)]], Constitution of India}}
{{blockquote|The Prime Minister shall be appointed by the President and the other Ministers shall be appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister.| Article 75(1), Constitution of India}}
Like most [[Parliamentary system|parliamentary democracies]], the [[Head of state|president]]'s duties are mostly [[Titular ruler|ceremonial]] as long as the [[Constitution of India|constitution]] and the [[rule of law]] is obeyed by the cabinet and the legislature. The prime minister of India is the head of government and has the responsibility for executive power. The president's constitutional duty is to preserve, protect and defend the Constitution and the law per [[s:Constitution of India/Part V|article 60]]. In the constitution of India, the prime minister is mentioned in only four of its articles (articles 74, 75, 78 and 366), however he/she plays a crucial role in the [[government of India]] by enjoying majority in the [[Lok Sabha]].
==Appointment, tenure and removal==
===Eligibility===
According to Article 84 of the Constitution of India, which sets the principle qualification for member of Parliament, and Article 75 of the Constitution of India, which sets the qualifications for the minister in the Union Council of Ministers, and the argument that the position of prime minister has been described as ''[[primus inter pares]]'' (the first among equals),<ref>{{Cite book|title=Introduction to the Constitution of India|last1=Basu|first1=Durga Das|last2=Manohar|first2=V. R.|last3=Banerjee|first3=Bhagabati Prosad|last4=Khan|first4=Shakeel Ahmad|publisher=Lexis Nexis Butterworths Wadhwa Nagpur|year=2008|isbn=978-81-8038-559-9|edition=20th|location=New Delhi|pages=199|oclc=289009455}}</ref> A prime minister must:
* be a [[Indian nationality law|citizen of India]].
* be a member of the [[Lok Sabha]] or the [[Rajya Sabha]]. If the person chosen as the prime minister is neither a member of the Lok Sabha nor the Rajya Sabha at the time of selection, they must become a member of either of the houses within six months.
* be above 25 years of age if they are a [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|member of the Lok Sabha]], or, above 30 years of age if they are a [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha|member of the Rajya Sabha]].
* not hold any office of profit under the government of India or the government of any state or under any local or other authority subject to the control of any of the said governments.
If however a candidate is elected as the prime minister they must vacate their post from any private or government company and may take up the post only on completion of their term.
===Oaths of office and secrecy===
[[File:Shri_Narendra_Modi_sworn_in_as_Prime_Minister.jpg|thumb|[[First swearing-in ceremony of Narendra Modi]], 2014.]]
The prime minister is required to make and subscribe in the presence of the [[President of India]] before entering office, the oath of office and secrecy, as per the Third Schedule of the Constitution of India.

Oath of office:
{{Quotation|I, <name>, do swear in the name of God/solemnly affirm that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of India as by law established, that I will uphold the sovereignty and integrity of India, that I will faithfully and conscientiously discharge my duties as Prime Minister for the Union and that I will do right to all manner of people in accordance with the Constitution and the law, without fear or favour, affection or ill-will.|[[Constitution of India]], Third Schedule, Part I|title=|source=}}
Oath of secrecy:
{{Quotation|I, <name>, do swear in the name of God/solemnly affirm that I will not directly or indirectly communicate or reveal to any person or persons any matter which shall be brought under my consideration or shall become known to me as Prime Minister for the Union except as may be required for the due discharge of my duties as such Minister.|Constitution of India, Third Schedule, Part II}}
===Tenure and removal from office===
The prime minister serves on 'the pleasure of the president', hence, a prime minister may remain in office indefinitely, so long as the president has confidence in him/her. However, a prime minister must have the confidence of Lok Sabha, the lower house of the [[Parliament of India]].

However, the term of a prime minister can end before the end of a Lok Sabha's term, if a [[Majority|simple majority]] of its members no longer have confidence in him/her, this is called a [[Motion of no confidence|vote-of-no-confidence]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/19870515-under-the-constitution-does-the-president-have-the-right-to-remove-the-prime-minister-798837-1987-05-15|title=Under the Constitution, does the President have the right to remove the Prime Minister?|last1=Gupta|first1=Surajeet Das|last2=Badhwar|first2=Inderjit|date=15 May 1987|website=[[India Today]]|publisher=[[Aroon Purie]]|issn=0254-8399|access-date=10 April 2018}}</ref> Three prime ministers, [[I. K. Gujral]],<ref name=":9" /> [[H. D. Deve Gowda]] and [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] have been voted out from office this way. In addition, a prime minister can also resign from office; [[Morarji Desai]] was the first prime minister to resign while in office.

Upon ceasing to possess the requisite qualifications to be a member of Parliament subject to the ''[[Representation of the People Act, 1951]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lawmin.nic.in/legislative/election/volume%201/representation%20of%20the%20people%20act,%201951.pdf|title=Sections 7 & 8k, The representation of the people act,1951|access-date=2 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150501024716/http://lawmin.nic.in/legislative/election/volume%201/representation%20of%20the%20people%20act,%201951.pdf|archive-date=1 May 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
==Role and power of the prime minister==
=== Executive powers ===
[[File:PM_India_org.png|Agencies under the prime minister.|550x550px|thumb]]
The prime minister leads the functioning and exercise of authority of the government of India. The president of India—subject to eligibility—invites a person who is commanding support of majority members of Lok Sabha to form the [[government of India]]—also known as the central government or Union government—at the national level and exercise its powers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/coi-4March2016.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=16 July 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160416084719/http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/coi-4March2016.pdf |archive-date=16 April 2016 }}</ref> In practice the prime minister nominates the members of their [[Union Council of Ministers|council of ministers]] to the president.<ref name="cabinet">{{cite web|url=http://pmindia.nic.in/team.htm|title=Prime Minister and the Cabinet Ministers|publisher=pmindia.nic.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080420093318/http://pmindia.nic.in/team.htm|archive-date=20 April 2008|url-status=dead|access-date=5 June 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pmindia.nic.in/mos_ind.htm|title=Ministers of State (Independent Charge)|publisher=pmindia.nic.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080420093303/http://pmindia.nic.in/mos_ind.htm|archive-date=20 April 2008|url-status=dead|access-date=5 June 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pmindia.nic.in/mos.htm|title=Ministers of State (without Independent Charge)|publisher=pmindia.nic.in|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080420093900/http://pmindia.nic.in/mos.htm|archive-date=20 April 2008|url-status=dead|access-date=5 June 2008}}</ref> They also work upon to decide a core group of ministers (known as the cabinet),<ref name = "cabinet"/> as in charge of the important functions and ministries of the [[government of India]].

The prime minister is responsible for aiding and advising the president in distribution of work of the government to various ministries and offices and in terms of the ''Government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules, 1961''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cabsec.nic.in/abr/welcome.html |title=(Allocation of Business) Rules 1961 |publisher=cabsec.nic.in |access-date=5 June 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080430161837/http://cabsec.nic.in/abr/welcome.html  |archive-date = 30 April 2008}}</ref> The co-ordinating work is generally allocated to the [[Cabinet Secretariat (India)|Cabinet Secretariat]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cabsec.gov.in/ |title=Cabinet Secretariat, Govt.of India |publisher=cabsec.gov.in |access-date=5 June 2008 }}</ref> While the work of the government is generally divided into various Ministries, the prime minister may retain certain portfolios if they are not allocated to any member of the cabinet.
[[File:The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi celebrating Diwali with the jawans of Indian Army and BSF, in the Gurez Valley, near the Line of Control, in Jammu and Kashmir, on October 19, 2017 (2).jpg|thumb|229x229px|Prime Minister exercises [[Commander-in-chief|supreme authority]] over the [[Indian Armed Forces|Armed Forces]] on behalf of the President.]]
The prime minister—in consultation with the cabinet—schedules and attends the sessions of the houses of parliament and is required to answer the question from the Members of Parliament to them as the in-charge of the portfolios in the capacity as prime minister of India.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pmindia.nic.in/parl.htm |title=PM's answers to Parliamentary Questions |publisher=pmindia.nic.in |access-date=5 June 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080420091356/http://pmindia.nic.in/parl.htm |archive-date=20 April 2008 }}</ref>

Some specific ministries/department are not allocated to anyone in the cabinet but the prime minister themself. The prime minister is usually always in charge/head of:
* [[Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions]] (as [[Minister of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions]])
* [[Cabinet Secretariat (India)|Cabinet Secretariat]]
* [[Appointments Committee of the Cabinet]]
*[[Cabinet Committee on Security]]
*[[Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs]]
* [[NITI Aayog]]
* [[Department of Atomic Energy]]
* [[Department of Space]]
* [[Nuclear Command Authority (India)|Nuclear Command Authority]]
The prime minister represents the country in various delegations, high level meetings and international organisations that require the attendance of the highest government office,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pmindia.nic.in/visits.htm |title=Recent Visit of the Prime Minister |publisher=pmindia.nic.in |access-date=5 June 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080420093915/http://pmindia.nic.in/visits.htm |archive-date=20 April 2008 }}</ref> and also addresses to the nation on various issues of national or other importance.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pmindia.nic.in/message.htm |title=Recent National Messages of the PM |publisher=pmindia.nic.in |access-date=5 June 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080420085705/http://pmindia.nic.in/message.htm |archive-date=20 April 2008 }}</ref>

Per [[wikisource:Constitution of India/Part V|Article 78]] of the constitution, the official communication between the union cabinet and the president are through the prime minister. Other wise constitution recognises the prime minister as a member of the union cabinet only outside the sphere of union cabinet.
==== Administrative and appointment powers ====
The prime minister recommends to the president—among others—names for the appointment of:
* [[Chief Election Commissioner of India]] (CEC) and other [[Election Commissioners of India]] (ECs)
* [[Comptroller and Auditor General of India]] (C&AG)
* Chairperson and members of the [[Union Public Service Commission]] (UPSC)
* [[Chief Information Commissioner of India]] (CIC) and [[Information Commissioner of India|Information Commissioners of India]]
* Chairperson and members of the [[finance commission]] (FC)
* [[Attorney General of India]] (AG) and [[Solicitor General of India]] (SG)
As the chairperson of [[Appointments Committee of the Cabinet]] (ACC), the prime minister—on the non-binding advice of the [[Cabinet Secretary of India]] led-Senior Selection Board (SSB)—decides the postings of top civil servants, such as, [[Secretary to Government of India|secretaries]], [[Additional secretary to Government of India|additional secretaries]] and [[Joint secretary to Government of India|joint secretaries]] in the government of India.<ref name="Governance in India2">{{Cite book|title=Governance in India|last=Laxmikanth|first=M.|publisher=[[McGraw-Hill Education]]|year=2014|isbn=978-9339204785|edition=2nd|location=[[Noida]]|publication-date=25 August 2014|pages=3.16–3.17}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2006/may/31spec.htm|title=What does the Cabinet Secretary do?|last=Iype|first=George|date=31 May 2006|work=[[Rediff.com]]|access-date=24 September 2017}}</ref><ref name=":22">{{Cite web|url=http://dopt.gov.in/committeereports/current-system|title=The Current System|website=Department of Personnel and Training, [[Government of India]]|access-date=12 February 2018}}</ref> Further, in the same capacity, the PM decides the assignments of top military personnel such as the [[Chief of the Army Staff (India)|Chief of the Army Staff]], [[Chief of the Air Staff (India)|Chief of the Air Staff]], [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]] and commanders of operational and training commands.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/from-india-today-magazine/story/20170102-indian-army-chief-bipin-rawat-praveen-bakshi-modi-government-infantry-officer-830076-2016-12-22|title=New chief on the block|last=Unnithan|first=Sandeep|date=22 December 2016|website=[[India Today]]|publisher=[[Aroon Purie]]|issn=0254-8399|access-date=8 April 2018}}</ref> In addition, the ACC also decides the posting of [[Indian Police Service]] officers—the [[All India Services|All India Service]] for policing, which staffs most of the higher level law enforcement positions at federal and state level—in the [[government of India]].

Also, as the [[Minister of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions]], the PM also exercises control over the [[Indian Administrative Service]] (IAS),<ref name="Governance in India">{{Cite book|title=Governance in India|last=Laxmikanth|first=M.|publisher=[[McGraw-Hill Education]]|year=2014|isbn=978-9339204785|edition=2nd|location=[[Noida]]|publication-date=25 August 2014|pages=7.6}}</ref> the country's premier civil service,<ref name="Profile IAS">{{Cite web|url=http://persmin.gov.in/ais1/Docs/ServiceProfile.pdf|title=Service Profile for the Indian Administrative Service|publisher=Department of Personnel and Training, [[Government of India]]|access-date=13 August 2017}}</ref><ref name=":19">{{Cite book|title=Public Administration in India|last=Tummala|first=Krishna Kumar|publisher=Allied Publishers|year=1996|isbn=978-8170235903|location=[[Mumbai]]|pages=154–159|oclc=313439426}}</ref> which staffs most of the senior civil service positions;<ref name="Profile IAS" /><ref name=":19" /> the Public Enterprises Selection Board (PESB);<ref name="Governance in India23">{{Cite book|title=Governance in India|last=Laxmikanth|first=M.|publisher=[[McGraw-Hill Education]]|year=2014|isbn=978-9339204785|edition=2nd|location=[[Noida]]|publication-date=25 August 2014|pages=7.37}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web|url=http://dopt.gov.in/about-us/functions/organisation-under-mop-list|title=Organisation Under DOPT|website=Department of Personnel and Training, [[Government of India]]|access-date=7 March 2018}}</ref> and the [[Central Bureau of Investigation]] (CBI),<ref name="Governance in India23" /><ref name=":6" /> except for the selection of its director, who is chosen by a committee of: (a) the prime minister, as chairperson; (b) the [[Leader of the Opposition (India)|leader of the opposition]] in Lok Sabha; and (c) the [[Chief Justice of India|chief justice]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/cbi-director-appointment-cji-kehar-narendra-modi-mallikarjun-kharge-ptm-955305-2017-01-16|title=All about CBI director's appointment as PM Modi, CJI Kehar, Kharge meet to vet names|date=16 January 2017|website=[[India Today]]|publisher=[[Aroon Purie]]|location=New Delhi|issn=0254-8399|access-date=8 April 2018}}</ref>

Unlike most other countries, the prime minister does not have much influence over the selection of judges, that is done by a collegium of judges consisting of the [[Chief Justice of India]], four senior most [[List of sitting judges of the Supreme Court of India|judges]] of the [[Supreme Court of India]] and the [[List of current Indian chief justices|chief justice]]—or the senior-most judge—of the concerned [[List of high courts in India|state high court]].<ref name="Where Angles Fear to Tread">{{cite book|title=Supreme but not infallible: Essays in honour of the Supreme Court of India|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=2013|isbn=978-0-19-567226-8|editor=Kirpal|editor-first=Bhupinder N.|edition=6th impr.|location=New Delhi|pages=97–106|oclc=882928525}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/2001/08/07/stories/05072524.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160106074107/http://www.thehindu.com/2001/08/07/stories/05072524.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=6 January 2016|title=Higher judicial appointments - II|last=Iyer|first=V. R. Krishna|author-link=V. R. Krishna Iyer|date=7 August 2001|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|publisher=[[The Hindu Group]]|issn=0971-751X|oclc=13119119|access-date=8 April 2018}}</ref> The executive as a whole, however, has the right to send back a recommended name to the collegium for reconsideration,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/in-defence-of-the-collegium/|title=In defence of the collegium|last=Thomas|first=K.T.|date=13 August 2014|work=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=8 April 2018|publisher=[[Indian Express Group]]|oclc=70274541|author-link=K. T. Thomas (Justice)}}</ref> this, however, is not a full Veto power, and the collegium can still put forward rejected name.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/mop-on-appointments-sc-puts-its-foot-down-rejects-govt-plan-to-veto-postings-on-national-security-grounds-collegium-4582978/|title=MoP on appointments: SC puts its foot down, rejects Govt plan to veto postings on national security grounds|last=Chhibber|first=Maneesh|date=24 March 2017|work=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=10 April 2018|publisher=[[Indian Express Group]]|location=New Delhi|oclc=70274541}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/supreme-court-rejects-governments-veto-power-on-judges-appointment-wants-reasons-in-writing-1673816|title=Supreme Court Rejects Government's Veto Power on Judges Appointment, Wants Reasons in Writing|date=27 March 2017|publisher=[[NDTV]]|access-date=10 April 2018|agency=[[Press Trust of India]]}}</ref>
=== Legislative powers ===
The prime minister acts as the leader of the house of the chamber of parliament—generally the [[Lok Sabha]]—he/she belongs to. In this role, the prime minister is tasked with representing the executive in the legislature, he/she is also expected to announce important legislation, and is further expected to respond to the [[Official Opposition (India)|opposition's]] concerns.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rajyasabha.nic.in/rsnew/practice_procedure/oppo.asp#LE|title=Rajya Sabha – Role of The Leader of The House, Leader of the Opposition and Whips Brief History|website=[[Rajya Sabha]]|access-date=8 April 2018}}</ref> Article 85 of the [[Constitution of India|Indian constitution]] confers the president with the power to convene and end extraordinary sessions of the parliament, this power, however, is exercised only on the advise of the prime minister and his/her council, so, in practice, the prime minister does exercise some control over affairs of the parliament.
==Compensation and benefits==
Article 75 of the Constitution of India confers the parliament with the power to decide the remuneration and other benefits of the prime minister and other ministers are to be decided by the Parliament.<ref>The Constitution of India, Article 75-6</ref> and is renewed from time to time. The original remuneration for the prime minister and other ministers were specified in the Part B of the second schedule of the constitution, which was later removed by an amendment.

In 2010, the prime minister's office reported that he/she does not receive a formal salary, but was only entitled to monthly allowances.<ref>{{cite news |title=A Raise for Prime Minister Manmohan Singh? |work=The Wall Street Journal |access-date=14 August 2012 |date=23 July 2010 |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2010/07/23/a-raise-for-prime-minister-mamohan-singh/}}</ref> That same year ''[[The Economist]]'' reported that, on a [[purchasing power parity]] basis, the prime minister received an equivalent of $4106 per year. As a percentage of the country's per-capita GDP (gross domestic product), this is the lowest of all countries ''The Economist'' surveyed.<ref>{{cite news |title=Leaders of the fee world: How much a country's leader is paid compared to GDP per person |work=The Economist |access-date=14 August 2012 |date=5 July 2010 |url=http://www.economist.com/node/16525240}}</ref><ref name="salary">{{cite web|url=http://pmindia.nic.in/pmsalary_jul2012.pdf|title=Pay & Allowances of the Prime Minister|publisher=pmindia.nic.in/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130718011828/http://pmindia.nic.in/pmsalary_jul2012.pdf|archive-date=18 July 2013|access-date=14 June 2013}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1ex 0 1ex 1ex;"
! colspan="3" |Primeministerial pay and allowances
|-
! Date and year
established
! Salary
!US$
|-
| October 2009 || style="text-align:right;" |₹100,000
|$1,400
|-
|October 2010
|₹135,000
|$1,900
|-
|July, 2012
|₹160,000
|$2,200
|-
! colspan="3" |Sources:<ref name="salary" />
|}
=== Residence ===
[[File:Teen_murti_bhawan_22.jpg|thumb|The [[Teen Murti Bhavan]] was the residence of India's first Prime Minister [[Jawaharlal Nehru]].]]
The [[7, Lok Kalyan Marg]]—previously called the 7, Race Course Road—in New Delhi, currently serves as the official place of residence for the prime minister of India.<ref>{{Cite web|title=PM chairing meeting on CWG|url=https://www.sify.com/news/pm-chairing-meeting-on-cwg-news-national-kiosEdgbdhd.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811162041/http://www.sify.com/news/pm-chairing-meeting-on-cwg-news-national-kiosEdgbdhd.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 August 2011|access-date=20 April 2021|website=[[sify.com]]}}</ref>

The first residence of the Indian prime minister was [[Teen Murti Bhavan]]. His successor [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]] chose [[10, Janpath]] as an official residence. [[Indira Gandhi]] resided at [[Safdarjung Road|1, Safdarjung Road]]. [[Rajiv Gandhi]] became the first prime minister to use 7, Race Course Road as his residence, which was used by his successors.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rediff On The NeT: Janardan Thakur recalls a conversation with the late Kamalapati Tripathi|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/jan/10jana.htm|access-date=20 April 2021|website=www.rediff.com}}</ref>
=== Travel ===
[[File:Air_India_Boeing_747-400_takes_off_from_Toronto.jpg|thumb|[[Air India One]] takes off from Toronto.|left|212x212px]]
For ground travel, the prime minister uses a highly modified, armoured version of a [[Range Rover]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/pm-ditches-bmw-opts-for-a-range-rover/article19498141.ece|title=Modi ditches BMW, opts for a Range Rover|date=15 August 2017|work=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=10 April 2018|publisher=[[The Hindu Group]]|others=Special Correspondent|location=New Delhi|issn=0971-751X|oclc=13119119}}</ref> The prime minister's motorcade comprises a fleet of vehicles, the core of which consists of at least three armoured [[BMW 7 Series]] sedans, two armoured [[Range Rover (L405)|Range Rovers]], at least 8-10 [[BMW X5]]s, six [[Toyota Fortuner]]s/[[Toyota Land Cruiser|Land Cruisers]] and at least two [[Mercedes-Benz Sprinter]] ambulances.

For air travel, [[Boeing 777-300ER]]s—designated by the call sign [[Air India One]] (AI-1 or AIC001), and maintained by the [[Indian Air Force]]—are used.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/new-vvip-planes-replacements-for-aged-air-india-one-to-arrive-this-month/articleshow/62417728.cms|title=New VVIP planes: Replacements for aged Air India One to arrive this month|last=Sinha|first=Saurabh|date=8 January 2018|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=10 April 2018|location=New Delhi|oclc=23379369}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/air-india-one-seat-no-59g/687970/1|title=Air India One, Seat No 59G – Indian Express|last=Nayyar|first=Dhiraj|date=26 September 2010|website=[[The Indian Express]]|publisher=[[Indian Express Group]]|oclc=70274541|access-date=10 April 2018}}</ref> Apart from aircraft, there are several helicopters used such as [[Mi-8]] for carrying the prime minister for travelling a short distance. These aircraft and helicopters are operated by the [[Indian Air Force]].
=== Protection ===
The [[Special Protection Group]] (SPG) is charged with protecting the sitting prime minister and his/her family.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/independence-day-security-cover-narendra-modi-pm-spg-204259-2014-08-16|title=The men who protect PM Narendra Modi|date=16 August 2014|website=[[India Today]]|publisher=[[Aroon Purie]]|location=New Delhi|issn=0254-8399|access-date=10 April 2018|agency=Mail Today Bureau}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/puducherry/spg-takes-over-security-arrangements-for-modi/article22828615.ece|title=SPG takes over security arrangements for Modi|last=Prasad|first=S.|date=22 February 2018|work=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=10 April 2018|location=[[Pondicherry|Puducherry]]|issn=0971-751X|oclc=13119119}}</ref> The security is aided by the [[Central Reserve Police Force]] (CRPF), [[Border Security Force]] (BSF) and the [[Delhi Police]] to provide three-rung security for the estate.
=== Office ===
{{Main|Prime Minister's Office (India)}}
The [[Prime Minister's Office (India)|prime minister's Office]] (PMO) acts as the principal workplace of the prime minister. The office is located at [[South Block]], and is a 20-room complex, and has the [[Cabinet Secretariat (India)|Cabinet Secretariat]], the [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]] and the [[Ministry of External Affairs (India)|Ministry of External Affairs]] adjacent to it. The office is headed by the [[Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister of India]], generally a former civil servant, mostly from the [[Indian Administrative Service]] (IAS) and rarely from the [[Indian Foreign Service]] (IFS).
== Family ==
{{Main|Spouse of the Prime Minister of India|Children of Prime Ministers of India}}
The prime minister's spouse sometimes accompany him/her on foreign visits. The prime minister's family is also assigned protection by the [[Special Protection Group]], though it was removed after [[Special Protection Group (Amendment) Act, 2019|Special Protection Group Act]] in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Khan|first=Fatima|date=26 August 2019|title=What is the Special Protection Group and why Manmohan Singh's security cover was removed|url=https://theprint.in/theprint-essential/what-is-the-special-protection-group-and-why-manmohan-singhs-security-cover-was-removed/282179/|access-date=20 April 2021|website=[[ThePrint]]|language=en-US}}</ref> The most prominent of the family of prime-minister is [[Nehru–Gandhi family]], which has given 3 prime minister, [[J. L. Nehru]], [[Indira Gandhi]] and [[Rajiv Gandhi]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Guha|first=Ramachandra|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8FKepYC6wzwC&pg=PA45|title=India After Gandhi: The History of the World's Largest Democracy|date=10 February 2011|publisher=Pan Macmillan|isbn=978-0-330-54020-9|pages=45|language=en|author-link=Ramachandra Guha}}</ref> Many of the family members of the former prime ministers are politicians.
== Post-premiership ==
Former prime ministers are entitled to a bungalow,<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/cover-story/story/20040607-former-presidents-prime-ministers-enjoy-benefits-at-taxpayers-expense-789819-2004-06-07|title=Former presidents, Prime Ministers enjoy benefits at taxpayers expense|last=Sahgal|first=Priya|date=7 June 2004|website=[[India Today]]|publisher=[[Aroon Purie]]|issn=0254-8399|access-date=9 April 2018}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/perks-for-life/article3371380.ece|title=Perks for life|date=1 May 2012|work=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=9 April 2018|publisher=[[The Hindu Group]]|issn=0971-751X|oclc=13119119}}</ref> former prime ministers are also entitled the same facilities as those given to a serving cabinet minister,<ref name=":7" /> this includes a fourteen-member secretarial staff, for a period of five years; reimbursement of office expenses; six domestic [[Business class|executive-class]] air tickets each year; and security cover from the [[Special Protection Group]].<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":8" />

In addition, former prime ministers rank seventh on the [[Indian order of precedence]], equivalent to [[Chief Minister (India)|chief ministers]] of states (within their respective states) and cabinet ministers.<ref name="rajyasabha">{{cite web|url=http://rajyasabha.nic.in/rsnew/guidline_govt_mp/chap11.pdf|title=Order of Precedence|date=26 July 1979|work=[[Rajya Sabha]]|publisher=President's Secretariat|access-date=24 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/table_of_precedence.pdf|title=Table of Precedence|date=26 July 1979|website=[[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]], [[Government of India]]|publisher=President's Secretariat|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527155701/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/table_of_precedence.pdf|archive-date=27 May 2014|url-status=dead|access-date=24 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mha.nic.in/hindi/top|title=Table of Precedence|website=[[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Ministry of Home Affairs]], [[Government of India]]|publisher=President's Secretariat|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140428030937/http://mha.nic.in/hindi/top|archive-date=28 April 2014|url-status=dead|access-date=24 September 2017}}</ref> As a former [[Member of Parliament (India)|member of the parliament]], the prime minister also receives pension after they leave office. In 2015, a former MP receives a minimum pension of {{INRConvert|20000|lk=on}} per month, plus—if he/she served as an MP for more than five years—{{INRConvert|1500|lk=on}} for every year served.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Matthew |first1=Liz |title=Government moves to double MPs' salary to Rs 2.8 lakh a month, hike pensions |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/govt-moves-to-double-mps-salary-to-rs-2-8-lakh-a-month/ |access-date=11 August 2020 |agency=[[The Indian Express]] |date=25 December 2015}}</ref>{{update inline|date=August 2020}}

Some prime ministers have had significant careers after their tenure, including [[H. D. Deve Gowda]], who remained a [[Member of parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of the Lok Sabha]] until 2019, and [[Manmohan Singh]] continues to be a [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha|Member of the Rajya Sabha]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lok Sabha election results 2019: Former Prime Minister Deve Gowda loses to BJP's GS Basavaraju in Tumkur|url=https://www.cnbctv18.com/politics/lok-sabha-elections-former-pm-deve-gowda-trailing-in-tumkur-prajwal-revanna-leads-in-hasan-3434651.htm|access-date=20 April 2021|website=cnbctv18.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|others=Special Correspondent|date=15 May 2019|title=Congress to move Manmohan Singh from Assam|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/congress-to-move-manmohan-singh-from-assam/article27141531.ece|access-date=20 April 2021|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>
{{Lifespan prime minister of India}}
=== Party wise ===
{{See also|List of prime ministers of India}}
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |Party
!{{Abbr|No|Total number of Prime Minister}}
!{{Abbr|Years in PMO|Total years these parties held PMO}}
!Name(s)
![[Political alliance|Alliance]]
|-
|style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};"|
|[[Indian National Congress]]
| style="text-align: center;" |6{{Efn|name=56o}}
|54 years
|[[Jawaharlal Nehru]], [[Gulzarilal Nanda]], [[Lal Bahadur Shastri]], [[Indira Gandhi]], [[Rajiv Gandhi]], [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]] and [[Manmohan Singh]].
|[[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]]
|-
|style="background:{{party color|Janata Dal}};"|
|[[Janata Dal]]
| style="text-align: center;" |3
|2 years
|[[Vishwanath Pratap Singh]], [[H. D. Deve Gowda]] and [[Inder Kumar Gujral]].
| -
|-
|style="background:{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}};"|
|'''[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]'''
| style="text-align: center;" |2
|'''13 years'''
|[[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] and '''[[Narendra Modi]]'''
|[[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
|-
|style="background:{{party color|Janata Party}};"|
|[[Janata Party]]
| style="text-align: center;" |1
|2 years
|[[Morarji Desai]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Janata Party|JP]]
|-
|style="background:{{party color|Janata Party}};"|
|[[Janata Party (Secular)]]
| style="text-align: center;" |1
|>1 years
|[[Charan Singh]]
|-
|style="background:{{party color|Janata Party (Secular)}}; |
| nowrap="" |[[Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)]]
| style="text-align: center;" |1
|>1 years
|[[Chandra Shekhar]]
| -
|}
=== Death ===
[[File:A_view_of_the_funeral_procession_of_the_former_Prime_Minister,_Shri_Atal_Bihari_Vajpayee,_in_New_Delhi_on_August_17,_2018.JPG|thumb|A view of the funeral procession of former prime minister [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]], in New Delhi on 17 August 2018.]]
Prime ministers are accorded a [[state funeral]]. It is customary for states and union territories to declare a [[National day of mourning|day of mourning]] on the occasion of death of any former prime minister.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/atal-bihari-vajpayees-demise-several-states-declare-public-holiday/articleshow/65428798.cms|title=Atal Bihari Vajpayee death: Several states declare public holiday |date=17 August 2018|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=1 March 2020}}</ref>
=== Commemoration ===
{{Further|List of things named after prime ministers of India}}
Several institutions are named after prime ministers of India. The birth date of [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] is celebrated as [[Children's Day (India)|children's day]] in India. Prime ministers are also commemorated on postage stamps of several countries.
== Living former prime ministers ==
As of {{CURRENTDAY}} {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} {{CURRENTYEAR}}, there are two living former prime ministers of India:
<gallery class="center" caption="Living former prime ministers">
File:H. D. Deve Gowda.jpg|[[H. D. Deve Gowda]] (1996–1997) {{birth date and age|1933|5|18|df=y}}
Official Portrait of the Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh.jpg|[[Manmohan Singh]] (2004–2014) {{birth date and age|1932|9|26|df=y}}
</gallery>
== Prime ministerial funds ==
The prime minister presides over various funds.
=== National Defence Fund ===
{{Main|National Defence Fund}}
The [[National Defence Fund]] (NDF) was set up the Indian government in 1962, in the aftermath of [[Sino-Indian War|1962 Sino-Indian War]]. The prime minister acts as chairperson of the fund's executive committee, while, the ministers of defence, finance and home act as the members of the executive committee, the finance minister also acts the treasurer of the committee. The secretary of the fund's executive committee is a [[Joint secretary to Government of India|joint secretary]] in the prime minister's office, dealing with the subject of NDF.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pmindia.gov.in/en/national-defence-fund/|title=National Defence Fund|website=Prime Minister of India, [[Government of India]]|access-date=10 April 2018}}</ref> The fund—according to its website—is "entirely dependent on voluntary contributions from the public and does not get any budgetary support.". Donations to the fund are 100% tax-deductible under section 80G of the ''[[Income Tax Act, 1961]]''.<ref name=":10">{{Cite news|url=http://www.zeebiz.com/personal-finance/news-heres-how-you-can-avail-tax-deduction-under-section-80g-34774|title=Here's how you can avail tax deduction under Section 80G|date=10 January 2018|work=[[Zee Business]]|access-date=10 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thequint.com/news/india/whatsapp-asking-for-funds-for-the-army-is-not-a-hoax-but-is-is-also-not-entirely-true-indian-army-clarification|title=The Army Welfare Fund That You Might Think is a Hoax, But Isn't|last=Malhotra|first=Hansa|date=12 June 2018|work=[[The Quint]]|access-date=10 April 2018}}</ref>
=== Prime Minister's National Relief Fund ===
The Prime Minister's National Relief Fund (PMNRF) was set up by the first prime minister of India—[[Jawaharlal Nehru]]—in 1948, to assist displaced people from Pakistan. The fund, now, is primarily used to assist the families of those who are killed during natural disasters such as earthquakes, cyclones and flood and secondarily to reimburse medical expenses of people with chronic and deadly diseases.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pmindia.gov.in/en/pms-funds/|title=PM National Relief Fund|website=Prime Minister of India, [[Government of India]]|access-date=10 April 2018}}</ref> Donations to the PMNRF are 100% tax-deductible under section 80G of the ''Income Tax Act, 1961''.<ref name=":10" />
== Deputy Prime Minister ==
[[File:Sardar patel (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Vallabhbhai Patel]] was the first [[Deputy Prime Minister of India]].]]
{{Main|Deputy Prime Minister of India}}
The post of [[Deputy Prime Minister of India]] is not technically a constitutional post, nor is there any mention of it in an Act of the parliament.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/of-deputy-chief-ministers-and-the-constitution/article3632410.ece|title=Of Deputy Chief Ministers and the Constitution|last=Rajendran|first=S.|date=13 July 2012|work=[[The Hindu]]|access-date=5 April 2018|publisher=[[The Hindu Group]]|location=[[Bangalore]]|issn=0971-751X|oclc=13119119}}</ref> But historically, on various occasions, different governments have assigned one of their senior ministers as the deputy prime minister. There is neither constitutional requirement for filling the post of deputy PM, nor does the post provide any kind of special powers.<ref name=":2" /> Typically, senior cabinet ministers like the [[Minister of Finance (India)|finance minister]] or the [[Minister of Home Affairs (India)|home minister]] are appointed as Deputy Prime Minister. The post is considered to be the senior most in the cabinet after the prime minister and represents the government in his/her absence. Generally, deputy prime ministers have been appointed to strengthen the coalition governments. The first holder of this post was [[Vallabhbhai Patel]], who was also the home minister in Jawaharlal Nehru's cabinet.
==See also==
{{Commons category}}
* [[List of prime ministers of India]]
*[[President of India]]
* [[List of presidents of India]]
* [[Deputy Prime Minister of India]]
* [[Air transports of heads of state and government#India|Air transports of heads of state and government]]
* [[Official state car#India|Official state car]]
== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}
==References==
{{reflist |
refs =

| 30em
}}
==External links==
{{Portal|India|Politics
}}
* {{Official website|http://www.pmindia.gov.in/en/}} {{In lang|en}}
* {{URL|http://pmindia.gov.in/en/former-prime-ministers/|Former Prime minister}}
{{Navboxes
|list =
{{IndianPrimeMinisters}}
{{Union ministries of India}}
{{India topics}}
{{Prime Minister}}
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[[Category:Prime Ministers of India| ]]
[[Category:Constitution of India]]
[[Category:1947 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Premierships]]

List of Prime Ministers of India

2022-03-10T07:34:19Z

Ctoi: Update citation

{{Update|President of India}}
[[File:PM Modi 2015.jpg|thumb|upright=0.5| Narendra Damodar Das Modi is the current [[Prime Minister of India]], since 26 May 2014.]]
'''The Prime Minister of India''', is the [[head of government]] of [[India]], chief adviser to the '''[[President of India]]''', head of the Council of Ministers and the leader of the majority party in parliament. The Prime Minister leads the executive branch of the [[Government of India]].

Since the [[Independence of India]], India has had fifteen prime ministers. The first was [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] of the [[Indian National Congress]] party.<ref>[https://www.connectedtoindia.com/prime-ministers-of-india-list-from-1947-to-2021-9671.html Prime Ministers of India list from 1947 to 2021] ''Connected to India.'' Retrieved December 30, 2021 </ref>

The current prime minister is Narendra Modi of Bharatiya Janta Party. He was sworn in on 30 May 2019.
==Key==
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-2}}
;Colour key for party of the prime minister
* {{legend|{{Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color}}|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
* {{legend|{{Indian National Congress/meta/color}}|[[Indian National Congress]] designated [[Indian National Congress|Indian National Congress (I)]] 1977–1996<ref name="britannica">{{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/285841/Indian-National-Congress/232140/Postindependence-from-dominance-to-decline|title=Indian National Congress|publisher=[[Encyclopaedia Britannica]]|accessdate=21 May 2014}}</ref>|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
* {{legend|{{Janata Dal/meta/color}}|[[Janata Dal]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
* {{legend|{{Janata Party/meta/color}}|[[Janata Party]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
* {{legend|{{Janata Party (Secular)/meta/color}}|[[Janata Party (Secular)]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
* {{legend|{{Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)/meta/color}}|[[Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)|Samajwadi Janata Party]]|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}

{{col-2}}
;Other key
* №: Incumbent number
* {{note label|†|†|†}} Assassinated or died in office
* {{note label|§|§|§}} Returned to office after a previous term
* {{note label|RES|RES|RES}} Resigned
* {{note label|NC|NC|NC}} Resigned following a [[no-confidence motion]]
{{col-end}}
==Prime Ministers==
{|class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center"
|-
! №
! style="width:23%;"|Name {{small|(birth–death); constituency}}
! width=100|Portrait
! style="width:10%;"|Party {{small|(''Alliance'')}}
! colspan=3|Term of office<ref>{{cite web|title=Former Prime Ministers|url=http://pmindia.gov.in/en/former-prime-ministers/|publisher=PM India|accessdate=2 January 2015}}</ref>
! Elections {{small|(Lok Sabha)}}
! Council of Ministers
! Appointed by
|-
! rowspan="4" style="background:{{Indian National Congress/meta/color}};" | 1
|rowspan="4"| [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] {{small|(1889–1964) MP for [[Phulpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Phulpur]]}}
|rowspan="4"|[[File:Jnehru.jpg|100px]]
|rowspan="4"|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="4"|{{small|15 August}} 1947
|rowspan="4"|{{small|27 May}} 1964{{ref label|†|†|†}}
|rowspan="4"|{{age in years and days|1947|08|15|1964|5|27}}
| —
|[[First Nehru ministry|{{small|Nehru I}}]]
|[[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma|Lord Mountbatten]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1952|1952]] ([[1st Lok Sabha|1st]])
|[[Second Nehru ministry|{{small|Nehru II}}]]
|rowspan=3|[[Rajendra Prasad]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1957|1957]] ([[2nd Lok Sabha|2nd]])
|[[Third Nehru ministry|{{small|Nehru III}}]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1962|1962]] ([[3rd Lok Sabha|3rd]])
|[[Fourth Nehru ministry|{{small|Nehru IV}}]]
|-
! style="background:{{Indian National Congress/meta/color}};" | 2
|[[Gulzarilal Nanda]] {{small|(1898–1998) MP for [[Sabarkantha (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sabarkantha]]}}
|[[File:Gulzarilal Nanda (cropped).jpg|100px]]
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|{{small|27 May}} 1964
|{{small|9 June}} 1964
|13 days
| – ([[3rd Lok Sabha|3rd]])
|{{small|(''acting'')}}
|rowspan="5"|[[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]]
|-
! style="background:{{Indian National Congress/meta/color}};" | 3
|[[Lal Bahadur Shastri]] {{small|(1904–1966) MP for [[Allahabad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Allahabad]]}}
|[[File:Lal Bahadur Shastri (cropped).jpg|100px]]
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|{{small|9 June}} 1964
|{{small|11 January}} 1966{{ref label|†|†|†}}
|{{age in years and days|1964|6|9|1966|1|11}}
| – ([[3rd Lok Sabha|3rd]])
|[[Lal Bahadur Shastri ministry|{{small|Shastri}}]]
|-
! style="background:{{Indian National Congress/meta/color}};" | (2)
|[[Gulzarilal Nanda]] {{small|(1898–1998) MP for [[Sabarkantha (Lok Sabha constituency)|Sabarkantha]]}}
|[[File:Gulzarilal Nanda (cropped).jpg|100px]]
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|{{small|11 January}} 1966
|{{small|24 January}} 1966
|13 days
| – ([[3rd Lok Sabha|3rd]])
|{{small|(''acting'')}}
|-
! rowspan="3" style="background:{{Indian National Congress/meta/color}};" | 4
|rowspan="3"|[[Indira Gandhi]] {{small|(1917–1984) MP for [[Rae Bareli (Lok Sabha constituency)|Rae Bareli]]}}
|rowspan="3"|[[File:Indira Gandhi 1977.jpg|100px]]
|rowspan="3"|[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="3"|{{small|24 January}} 1966
|rowspan="3"|{{small|24 March}} 1977
|rowspan="3"|{{age in years and days|1966|1|24|1977|3|24}}
| – ([[3rd Lok Sabha|3rd]])
|rowspan="2"|[[First Indira Gandhi ministry|{{small|I. Gandhi I}}]]
|- align=center
|[[Indian general election, 1967|1967]] ([[4th Lok Sabha|4th]])
|- align=center
|[[Indian general election, 1971|1971]] ([[5th Lok Sabha|5th]])
|[[Second Indira Gandhi ministry|{{small|I. Gandhi II}}]]
|[[V. V. Giri]]
|-
! style="background:{{Janata Party/meta/color}}; color:white;" | 5
|[[Morarji Desai]] {{small|(1896–1995) MP for [[Surat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Surat]]}}
|[[File:Morarji Desai (portrait).png|100px]]
|[[Janata Party]]
|{{small|24 March}} 1977
|{{small|28 July}} 1979{{ref label|RES|RES|RES}}
|{{age in years and days|1977|3|24|1979|7|28}}
|[[Indian general election, 1977|1977]] ([[6th Lok Sabha|6th]])
|[[Morarji Desai ministry|{{small|Desai}}]]
|[[B. D. Jatti]]
|-
! style="background:{{Janata Party (Secular)/meta/color}}; color:white;"| 6
|[[Charan Singh]] {{small|(1902–1987) MP for [[Baghpat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Baghpat]]}}
|[[File:Charan Singh 1990 stamp of India.jpg|100px]]
|[[Janata Party (Secular)]] {{small|''with [[Indian National Congress|INC]]''}}
|{{small|28 July}} 1979
|{{small|14 January}} 1980{{ref label|RES|RES|RES}}
|{{age in days|1979|7|28|1980|1|14}} days
| – ([[6th Lok Sabha|6th]])
|[[Charan Singh ministry|{{small|C. Singh}}]]
|rowspan=2| [[Neelam Sanjiva Reddy]]
|-
! style="background:{{Indian National Congress/meta/color}};" | (3)
|[[Indira Gandhi]] {{small|(1917–1984) MP for [[Medak (Lok Sabha constituency)|Medak]]}}
|[[File:Indira Gandhi 1977.jpg|100px]]
|[[Indian National Congress|Indian National Congress (I)]]
|{{small|14 January}} 1980{{ref label|§|§|§}}
|{{small|31 October}} 1984{{ref label|†|†|†}}
|{{age in years and days|1980|1|14|1984|10|31}}
|[[Indian general election, 1980|1980]] ([[7th Lok Sabha|7th]])
|[[Third Indira Gandhi ministry|{{small|I. Gandhi III}}]]
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:{{Indian National Congress/meta/color}};" | 7
|rowspan="2"|[[Rajiv Gandhi]] {{small|(1944–1991) MP for [[Amethi (Lok Sabha constituency)|Amethi]]}}
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Rajiv Gandhi (1987).jpg|100px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Indian National Congress|Indian National Congress (I)]]
|rowspan="2"|{{small|31 October}} 1984
|rowspan="2"|{{small|2 December}} 1989
|rowspan="2"|{{age in years and days|1984|10|31|1989|12|2}}
| – ([[7th Lok Sabha|7th]])
|rowspan="2"|[[Rajiv Gandhi ministry|{{small|R. Gandhi}}]]
|rowspan=2|[[Zail Singh]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1984|1984]] ([[8th Lok Sabha|8th]])
|-
! style="background:{{Janata Dal/meta/color}};" | 8
|[[V. P. Singh]] {{small|(1931–2008) MP for [[Fatehpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Fatehpur]]}}
|[[File:V. P. Singh (cropped).jpg|100px]]
|[[Janata Dal]] {{small|(''[[National Front (India)|National Front]]'')}}
|{{small|2 December}} 1989
|{{small|10 November}} 1990{{ref label|NC|NC|NC}}
|{{age in days|1989|12|2|1990|11|10}} days
|[[Indian general election, 1989|1989]] ([[9th Lok Sabha|9th]])
|[[V. P. Singh ministry|{{small|V. P. Singh}}]]
|rowspan=3| [[R. Venkataraman]]
|-
! style="background:{{Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)/meta/color}};" | 9
|[[Chandra Shekhar]] {{small|(1927–2007) MP for [[Ballia (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ballia]]}}
|[[File:Chandra Shekhar Singh 2010 stamp of India.jpg|100px]]
|[[Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya)|Samajwadi Janata Party]] {{small|''with [[Indian National Congress|INC]]''}}
|{{small|10 November}} 1990
|{{small|21 June}} 1991
|{{age in days|1990|11|10|1991|6|21}} days
| – ([[9th Lok Sabha|9th]])
|[[Chandra Shekhar ministry|{{small|Chandra Shekhar}}]]
|-
! style="background:{{Indian National Congress/meta/color}};" | 10
|[[P. V. Narasimha Rao]] {{small|(1921–2004) MP for [[Nandyal (Lok Sabha constituency)|Nandyal]]}}
|[[File:P V Narasimha Rao.png|100px]]
|[[Indian National Congress|Indian National Congress (I)]]
|{{small|21 June}} 1991
|{{small|16 May}} 1996
|{{age in years and days|1991|6|21|1996|5|16}}
|[[Indian general election, 1991|1991]] ([[10th Lok Sabha|10th]])
|[[P. V. Narasimha Rao ministry|{{small|Rao}}]]
|-
! style="background:{{Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color}};" | 11
|[[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] {{small|(1924–2018) MP for [[Lucknow (Lok Sabha constituency)|Lucknow]]}}
|[[File:Atal Bihari Vajpayee 2002-06-12.jpg|100px]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|{{small|16 May}} 1996
|{{small|1 June}} 1996{{ref label|RES|RES|RES}}
|13 days
|[[Indian general election, 1996|1996]] ([[11th Lok Sabha|11th]])
|[[First Vajpayee ministry|{{small|Vajpayee I}}]]
|rowspan="3"|[[Shankar Dayal Sharma]]
|-
! style="background:{{Janata Dal/meta/color}};" | 12
|[[H. D. Deve Gowda]] {{small|(born 1933) MP ([[Rajya Sabha]]) for [[Karnataka]]}}
|[[File:Deve Gowda BNC.jpg|100px]]
|[[Janata Dal]] {{small|(''[[United Front (India)|United Front]]'')}}
|{{small|1 June}} 1996
|{{small|21 April}} 1997{{ref label|RES|RES|RES}}
|{{age in days|1996|6|1|1997|4|21}} days
| – ([[11th Lok Sabha|11th]])
|[[H. D. Deve Gowda ministry|{{small|Deve Gowda}}]]
|-
! style="background:{{Janata Dal/meta/color}};" | 13
|[[I. K. Gujral]] {{small|(1919–2012) MP ([[Rajya Sabha]]) for [[Bihar]]}}
|[[File:Inder Kumar Gujral 071.jpg|100px]]
|[[Janata Dal]] {{small|(''[[United Front (India)|United Front]]'')}}
|{{small|21 April}} 1997
|{{small|19 March}} 1998
|{{age in days|1997|4|21|1998|3|19}} days
| – ([[11th Lok Sabha|11th]])
|[[I. K. Gujral ministry|{{small|Gujral}}]]
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:{{Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color}};" | (10)
|rowspan="2"|[[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] {{small|(1924–2018) MP for [[Lucknow (Lok Sabha constituency)|Lucknow]]}}
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Atal Bihari Vajpayee 2002-06-12.jpg|100px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] {{small|(''[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]'')}}
|rowspan="2"|{{small|19 March}} 1998{{ref label|§|§|§}}
|rowspan="2"|{{small|22 May}} 2004
|rowspan="2"|{{age in years and days|1998|3|19|2004|5|22}}
|[[Indian general election, 1998|1998]] ([[12th Lok Sabha|12th]])
|[[Second Vajpayee ministry|{{small|Vajpayee II}}]]
|rowspan="2"|[[K. R. Narayanan]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 1999|1999]] ([[13th Lok Sabha|13th]])
|[[Third Vajpayee ministry|{{small|Vajpayee III}}]]
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:{{Indian National Congress/meta/color}};" | 14
|rowspan="2"|[[Manmohan Singh]] {{small|(born 1932) MP ([[Rajya Sabha]]) for [[Rajya Sabha members from Assam|Assam]]}}
|rowspan="2"|[[File:Prime Minister Manmohan Singh in WEF ,2009 (cropped).jpg|100px]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Indian National Congress]] {{small|(''[[United Progressive Alliance|UPA]]'')}}
|rowspan="2"|{{small|22 May}} 2004
|rowspan="2"|{{small|26 May}} 2014
|rowspan="2"|{{age in years and days|2004|5|22|2014|5|26}}
|[[Indian general election, 2004|2004]] ([[14th Lok Sabha|14th]])
|[[First Manmohan Singh ministry|{{small|M. Singh I}}]]
|[[A. P. J. Abdul Kalam]]
|-
|[[Indian general election, 2009|2009]] ([[15th Lok Sabha|15th]])
|[[Second Manmohan Singh ministry|{{small|M. Singh II}}]]
|[[Pratibha Patil]]
|-
! style="background:{{Bharatiya Janata Party/meta/color}};" | 15
|[[Narendra Damodardas Modi]] {{small|(born 1950) MP for [[Varanasi (Lok Sabha constituency)|Varanasi]]}}
|[[File:PM Modi Portrait(cropped).jpg|100px]]
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] {{small|(''[[National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA]]'')}}
|{{small|26 May}} 2014<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Home/Lok-Sabha-Elections-2014/News/Narendra-Modi-appointed-Prime-Minister-swearing-in-on-May-26/articleshow/35388297.cms|title=Narendra Modi appointed Prime Minister, swearing in on May 26|date=20 May 2014|work=The Times of India|accessdate=22 January 2015}}</ref>
|Incumbent
|{{age in years and days|2014|5|26}}
|[[Indian general election, 2014|2014]] ([[16th Lok Sabha|16th]])
|[[Narendra Modi ministry|{{small|N. Modi}}]]
|[[Pranab Mukherjee]]
|}
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Prime Ministers of India|*]]
[[Category:India-related lists|India]]

{{simple-Wikipedia}}

Shane Warne

2022-03-07T12:45:29Z

Ctoi: update information

[[File:Shane Warne February 2015.jpg|thumb|200px|Warne in 2015]]
'''Shane Keith Warne''' (born 13 September 1969) is an [[Australia]]n [[cricket]] commentator and former player. He captained the [[Australia national cricket team|Australian national team]] in [[One Day International]]s (ODI). He is often called one of the greatest [[Bowler (cricket)|bowler]]s in the history of the game. He took 708 [[wicket]]s, the second most of any player, from 40,704 [[Delivery (cricket)|balls]] bowled during his [[Test cricket|Test]] career He retired from international cricket in January 2007, at the end of Australia's 5–0 [[The Ashes|Ashes]] series victory over [[England national cricket team|England]].

On March 4, 2022, Shane Warne died due to heart attack in Koh Samui, Thailand.<ref>[https://www.connectedtoindia.com/australian-cricket-legend-shane-warne-dead-at-52-9814.html Australian cricket legend Shane Warne dead at 52.] Connected to India</ref>

Warne was born in [[Upper Ferntree Gully, Victoria|Upper Ferntree Gully]], [[Victoria, Australia|Victoria]]. He has three children with his ex-wife Simone Callahan. He has [[heterochromia iridum|complete heterochromia]], from which one of his eyes is blue, and the other green.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/cbc7c0fa-0a33-11e5-a6a8-00144feabdc0|title=The Lucy Kellaway Interview: Shane Warne|author=Kellaway, Lucy|date=5 June 2015|accessdate=17 March 2020|work=[[Financial Times]]}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
*{{Cricketarchive}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Warne, Shane}}
[[Category:1969 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Australian cricketers]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Victoria (Australia)]]

{{Sports-bio-stub}}

{{simple-Wikipedia}}

Emraan Hashmi filmography

2022-02-24T08:24:06Z

Ctoi: /* Films */ Update information

{{short description|wikimedia list article}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox filmography list
| name = Emraan Hashmi
| image = Emraan Filmfare Magazine Launch.jpg
| image_upright = 1
| alt = Photograph of Hashmi
| caption = Hashmi in 2013
| film = 43
| television_series =
| web_series = 1
| television_show =
| radio_show =
| documentary =
| hosting =
| music_videos =
| narrating =
| theatre =
| advertising =
| others =
}}
'''[[Emraan Hashmi|Syed Emraan Anwar Hashmi]]''' ({{IPA-hns|ɪmraːn ˈɦaːʃmi|pron}}; born 24 March 1979) is an Indian film actor who appears in [[Bollywood|Hindi films]].<ref>{{cite news |title=All well between uncle Mahesh Bhatt and nephew Emraan Hashmi |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/all-well-between-uncle-mahesh-bhatt-and-nephew-emraan-hashmi-707958.html |accessdate=14 June 2018 |work=News18}}</ref>

He worked as an assistant director for the 2002 horror film ''[[Raaz (2002 film)|Raaz]]'' before pursuing a career in acting. By 2004, Hashmi had established himself as one of the leading actors of Hindi cinema with roles in the successful ''[[Murder (2004 film)|Murder]]'' (2004), ''[[Zeher]]'' (2005), [[Aashiq Banaya Aapne]] (2005), ''[[Gangster (2006 film)|Gangster]]'' (2006)and [[Tumsa Nahin Dekha: A Love Story|Tumsa Nahin Dekha]] (2004). However, he followed it with roles in films that underperformed at the box office before starring in the acclaimed drama ''[[Awarapan]]'' (2007).

The year 2008 marked a turning point for Hashmi, when he played a conman in the crime drama ''[[Jannat (2008 film)|Jannat]],an amazing movie''. He subsequently gained recognition for portraying a range of unconventional characters in the horror film ''[[Raaz: The Mystery Continues]]'' (2009), the biographical drama ''[[The Dirty Picture]]'' (2011), the psychological thriller ''[[Murder 2]]'' (2011), the romantic comedy ''[[Dil Toh Baccha Hai Ji]]'' (2011), the crime thriller ''[[Jannat 2]]'' (2012), and the supernatural thrillers ''[[Raaz 3]]'' (2012) and ''[[Ek Thi Daayan]]'' (2013), all of which earned him critical appreciation. Hashmi's acclaimed performances in the underworld drama ''[[Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai]]'' (2010) and the political thriller ''[[Shanghai (2012 film)|Shanghai]]'' (2012), garnered him two [[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]] nominations at [[Filmfare Awards|Filmfare]]. After appearing in another series of box office flops, he starred as the [[Mohammad Azharuddin|titular character]] in the biographical sports drama ''[[Azhar (film)|Azhar]]'' and an evil spirit in the horror thriller ''[[Raaz Reboot]]'' (both 2016) – and received praise for the drama ''[[Hamari Adhuri Kahani]]'' (2015), and '' [[Baadshaho]]'' (2017).<ref>{{cite web|title=Emraan Hashmi's star rises in Bollywood|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/emraan-hashmis-star-rises-in-bollywood/265417-8-66.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613205643/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/emraan-hashmis-star-rises-in-bollywood/265417-8-66.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 June 2012|agency=Reuters|publisher=[[CNN-IBN]]|date=11 June 2012|accessdate=3 February 2013|author-link=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Chintamani|first=Gautam|title=Emraan Hashmi: One Note Star|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/brunch/brunch-stories/emraan-hashmi-one-note-star/article1-926050.aspx|accessdate=29 June 2014|work=[[The Hindustan Times]]|date=7 September 2012|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150102022833/http://www.hindustantimes.com/brunch/brunch-stories/emraan-hashmi-one-note-star/article1-926050.aspx|archivedate=2 January 2015|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

In 2020, [[Amitabh Bachchan]] and Emraan Hashmi will be seen in the mystery thriller, ''[[Chehre]]'', directed by Rumi Jaffery.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.filmsbit.com/2019/04/amitabh-bachchan-and-emraan-hashmi-to.html|title=Amitabh Bachchan and Emraan Hashmi to come together for first time in thriller-mystery|website=www.filmsbit.com|publisher=Filmsbit News Network|access-date=11 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/entertainment/emraan-hashmi-announces-cheat-india-to-expose-reality-of-education-system-in-the-country-know-details/1017342/|title=Emraan Hashmi announces 'Cheat India' to 'expose' reality of education system in the country; know details|date=16 January 2018|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mid-day.com/articles/emraan-hashmi-kickstarts-work-on-his-next-cheat-india/19630192|title=Emraan Hashmi kickstarts work on his next, Cheat India|date=23 July 2018|publisher=}}</ref><ref>[https://www.missmalini.com/2019/11/13/the-body-teaser-emraan-hashmi-sobhita-dhulipala-starrer-looks-mysterious/amp]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/its-a-wrap-for-body-shoot/articleshow/64903763.cms|title=It's a wrap for Emraan Hashmi's film 'Body' – Times of India|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.movietalkies.com/news/wrap-emraan-hashmi-rishi-kapoor-starrer-body/|title=It's A Wrap For Emraan Hashmi-Rishi Kapoor Starrer 'Body' – Movie Talkies|publisher=}}</ref> Also in 2020 Hashmi will be seen in [[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]]'s biographical crime drama film ''[[Gangubai Kathiawadi]]'' opposite [[Alia Bhatt]] and [[Ajay Devgn]]. In 2021, he will be seen in [[Sanjay Gupta (director)|Sanjay Gupta]]'s action crime film ''[[Mumbai Saga]]'' opposite [[John Abraham]] and in supernatural horror film ''[[Dybbuk (film)|Dybbuk]]''. Hashmi will be seen playing a negative role in [[Yash Raj Films]]'s next ''Tiger 3'' opposite [[Salman Khan]] and [[Katrina Kaif]] directed by [[Maneesh Sharma]].
==Films==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Key
| style="background:#ffc;" | {{dagger|alt=Films that have not yet been released}}
| Denotes films that have not yet been released
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|- style="background:#cfc; text-align:center;"
| scope="col" | '''Year'''
| scope="col" | '''Title'''
| scope="col" | '''Role(s)'''
| scope="col" | '''Notes'''
|-
|2003
| scope="row" |''[[Footpath (2003 film)|Footpath]]''
| Raghunath “Raghu” Srivastav
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2004
| scope="row" |''[[Murder (2004 film)|Murder]]''
| Sunny||
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Tumsa Nahin Dekha (2004 film)|Tumsa Nahin Dekha]]''
| Daksh Mittal||
|-
| rowspan="4" |2005
| scope="row" |''[[Zeher]]''
| Siddharth Mehra||
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Aashiq Banaya Aapne]]''
|Vikram "Vicky" Mathur||
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Chocolate (2005 film)|Chocolate]]''
| Devaa||
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Kalyug (2005 film)|Kalyug]]''
| Ali Bhai||
|-
| rowspan="5" |2006
| scope="row" |''[[Jawani Diwani: A Youthful Joyride|Jawani Diwani]]''
| Mannjit "Mann" Kapoor
|
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Aksar]]''
| Ricky Sharma
|
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Gangster (2006 film)|Gangster]]''
| Akash
| Nominated—[[Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Negative Role|Filmfare Award For Best Actor In A Negative Role]]
|-
| scope="row" |''[[The Killer (2006 film)|The Killer]]''
| Nikhil Joshi
|
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Dil Diya Hai]]''
| Sahil Khanna
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |2007
| scope="row" |''[[Good Boy Bad Boy]]''
| Rajveer "Raju" Malhotra
|
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Awarapan]]''
| Shivam Pandit
|
|-
| scope="row" |''[[The Train (2007 film)|The Train]]''
| Vishal Dixit
|
|-
|2008
| scope="row" |''[[Jannat (2008 film)|Jannat]]''
| Arjun Dixit
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2009
| scope="row" |''[[Raaz: The Mystery Continues|Raaz - The Mystery Continues]]''
| Prithvi Singh
|
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Tum Mile]]''
| Akshay
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2010
| scope="row" |''[[Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai]]''
| Shoaib Khan
| Nominated—[[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor|Filmfare Award For Best Supporting Actor]]
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Crook (film)|Crook]]''
| Jai Dixit/Suraj Bhardwaj
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |2011
| scope="row" |''[[Dil Toh Baccha Hai Ji]]''
| Abhay Suri
|
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Murder 2]]''
| Arjun Bhagawat
|
|-
| scope="row" |''[[The Dirty Picture]]''
| Abraham
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |2012
| scope="row" |''[[Jannat 2]]''
| Sonu Dilli "KKC – Kutti Kamini Cheez"
|
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Shanghai (2012 film)|Shanghai]]''
| Joginder Parmar
| Nominated—[[Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor|Filmfare Award For Best Supporting Actor]]
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Raaz 3]]''
| Aditya Arora
|
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Rush (2012 film)|Rush]]''
| Samar Grover
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2013
| scope="row" |''[[Ek Thi Daayan]]''
| Bejoy Charan Mathur/Bobo||
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Ghanchakkar (film)|Ghanchakkar]]''
| Sanjay "Sanju" Athray||
|-
| rowspan="2" |2014
| scope="row" |''[[Raja Natwarlal]]''
| Mithilesh "Raja" Kumar
|
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Ungli]]''
| Nikhil Abhyankar
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2015
| scope="row" |''[[Mr. X (2015 film)|Mr. X]]''
| Raghu Ram Rathod/Mr. X
|
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Hamari Adhuri Kahani]]''
| Aarav Ruparel
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2016
| scope="row" |''[[Azhar (film)|Azhar]]''
| [[Mohammad Azharuddin]]
|
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Raaz: Reboot]]''
| Aditya Shrivastava||
|-
|2017
| scope="row" |''[[Baadshaho]]''
| Dalia
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2018
| scope="row" |''[[Tigers (2014 film)|Tigers]]''
| Ayaan
|
|-
| scope="row" |''[[Welcome to New York (2018 film)|Welcome to New York]]''
| Himself
| Guest Appearance
|-
| rowspan="2" |2019
| scope="row" |''[[Why Cheat India]]''
|Rakesh Kumar Singh (Rocky)
|
|-
| scope="row" |''[[The Body (2019 film)|The Body]]''
| Ajay Puri
|
|-
|2020
| scope="row" |''Harami''
| Sagar Bhai
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |2021
|''[[Mumbai Saga]]''
| Vijay Savarkar
|
|-
|''[[Chehre]]''
| Sameer Mehra
|
|-
|''[[Dybbuk (film)|Dybbuk]]''
| Ranjan Mathur
|<ref>{{cite tweet|user=taran_adarsh| author=Taran Adarsh|date=18 July 2019|number = 1151753014106980352 |title=Emraan Hashmi starts shooting of supernatural thriller #Ezra in #Mauritius... Remake of #Malayalam film #Ezra... Directed by Jay Krishnan [he directed the original]... Produced by Bhushan Kumar, Kumar Mangat Pathak, Krishan Kumar and Abhishek Pathak. https://t.co/UjKyEZwfnJ}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |2022
| style="background:#ffc;"|''[[Gangubai Kathiawadi]]''{{dagger|alt=Films that have not yet been released}}
| TBA
| <ref>{{cite news|url=https://m.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/alia-bhatt-begins-shooting-for-gangubai-kathiawadi-shares-pic-of-her-trailer-look-what-santa-gave-me-this-year/story-B7SG8a3jfqx7n7cBzCzm6L_amp.html|title=Alia Bhatt begins shooting for Gangubai Kathiawadi, shares pic of her trailer:'Look what Santa gave me this year'|publisher=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=27 December 2019|access-date=27 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/alia-bhatt-starrer-gangubai-kathiawadi-release-january-6-2022/|title=Alia Bhatt starrer Gangubai Kathiawadi to release on January 6, 2022|work=Bollywood Hungama|date=30 September 2021|access-date=30 September 2021}}</ref>World premiere at the 72nd Berlin International Film Festival<ref>[https://www.connectedtoindia.com/alia-bhatt-dazzles-in-gangubai-kathiawadi-trailer-9755.html Alia Bhatt dazzles in Gangubai Kathiawadi trailer] ''Connected to India''. February 5th 2022. Retrieved February 5th 2022</ref>
|-
| style="background:#ffc;"|''Tiger 3''{{dagger|alt=Films that have not yet been released}}
| ISI Agent Jamal Fateh Mir / Lion
|Filming<ref>{{cite news |title=Tiger 3: Salman Khan, Katrina Kaif, Emraan Hashmi attend puja, shoot to begin on March 8|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/tiger-3-salman-khan-katrina-kaif-emraan-hashmi-attend-puja-shoot-to-begin-on-march-8-101614336862807.html|access-date=8 March 2021 |work=Hindustan Times |date=21 March 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
|}
== Web-Series==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable" width=60%
! Year
! Title
! Role
! class="unsortable" | Notes
! class="unsortable" | {{abbr|Ref.|Reference}}
|-
| 2019
| ''[[Bard of Blood|Bard Of Blood]]''
| Prof. Kabir Anand/Agent Adonis
|
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://variety.com/2018/digital/asia/india-emraan-hashmi-netflix-series-bard-of-blood-1202887958/|work=variety.com|access-date=2017-10-11|language=en|title=Netflix India: Emraan Hashmi to Head Series 'Bard of Blood' - Variety}}</ref>
|}
== Music Videos ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Year
!Title
!Co-Star
!Artists
!Label
!Notes
|-
|2015
|''Main Raahon Yaa Na Raahon''
|[[Esha Gupta]]
|[[Armaan Malik]],
[[Amaal Mallik|Amaal Malik]]
|[[T-Series (company)|T-Series]]
|
|-
|2021
|''Lut Gaye''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Desk|first=India com Entertainment|date=2021-02-17|title=Emraan Hashmi's New Song 'Lut Gaye' Out: Romantic Track Narrates Story of 'Unrequited Love' {{!}} Watch Here|url=https://www.india.com/entertainment/bollywood-news-emraan-hashmis-new-song-lut-gaye-out-romantic-track-narrates-story-of-unrequited-love-watch-here-4430344/|access-date=2021-02-27|website=India News, Breaking News {{!}} India.com|language=en}}</ref>
|Yukti Thareja
|[[Jubin Nautiyal]],
[[Tanishk Bagchi]]
|[[T-Series (company)|T-Series]]
|
|}
==See also==
* [[List of accolades received by The Dirty Picture]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
* [https://m.imdb.com/name/nm1431656/filmotype?ref_=m_nm_flmg/ Filmography of Emraan Hashmi] on [[IMDb]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hashmi, Emraan}}
[[Category:Indian filmographies]]
[[Category:Male actor filmographies]]

Mafia Queens of Mumbai

2022-02-24T07:36:30Z

Ctoi: /* Adaptation */ Cite News

{{short description|2011 non-fiction crime novel}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox book
| name = Mafia Queens of Mumbai
| image = File:Mafia Queens of Mumbai.jpg
| caption = First edition
| author = [[Hussain Zaidi]] Jane Borges
| translator =
| language = [[English language|English]]
| country = India
fiction Crime
| publisher = Tranquebar
| release_date = 15 April 2011
| media_type = Print ([[paperback]], [[Hardcover|hardback]])
| pages = 290
| isbn =
}}
'''''Mafia Queens of Mumbai: Stories of women from the ganglands''''' is an Indian 2011 non-fiction crime novel written by [[Hussain Zaidi]] with original research by reporter Jane Borges.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://books.rediff.com/book/mafia-queens-of-mumbai--stories-of-women-from-the-ganglands--english---paperback-/9789380283777|title=Mafia Queens Of Mumbai: Stories of Women From The Ganglands|publisher=Rediff.com|accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref> It tells 13 true stories of women who were involved in criminal activities in Mumbai. [[Rajkummar Rao]], [[Radhika Apte]] and [[Kalki Koechlin]] provided their voice for its audio book for [[Audible (store)|audible]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/rajkummar-rao-mafia-queens-of-mumbai-5448487/|title=Rajkummar Rao: Content is the new entertainment|work=The Indian Express|date=15 November 2018|accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref>
==Reception==
Matt Daniels of ''[[Mint (newspaper)|Mint]]'' wrote, "These are a handful of women who lived fearlessly, and Mafia Queens celebrates their spirit. But the real heroes are Zaidi and Borges, who ventured undaunted into the dark corners of the city to illuminate them."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.livemint.com/Leisure/HMlQLDnwOIJyY42S5CY3JI/Mafia-queens-of-Mumbai--The-life-of-gangster-girls.html|title=Mafia queens of Mumbai: The life of gangster girls|last=Daniels|first=Matt|work=Mint|date=8 April 2011|accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref> Zara Murao of ''[[Hindustan Times]]'' reviewed: "It’s hard to tell how much of Mafia Queens is apocryphal, given that each of the 13 stories is pieced together from official documents, case reports and anecdotes from the subject’s family and acquaintances. The account, though, vibrates with drama, intrigue and unexpected pathos."<ref>{{cite news|title=Review: Mafia Queens of Mumbai|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/books/review-mafia-queens-of-mumbai/story-GidcRlboZRr7eiNwIFR50N.html|work=Hindustan Times|date=16 April 2011|accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref>

J. Srinivasan of ''[[The Hindu Business Line]]'' noted that it was "really fascinating to read how these women slip into different roles so effortlessly and efficiently."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/variety/done-it-all-gangster-women/article22993203.ece|title=Done-it-all gangster women
|work= The Hindu Business Line|date=19 May 2011|accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref> Alpana Chowdhury of ''[[Daily News and Analysis]]'' mentioned, "From the choice of the women they have portrayed, to the racy style of writing, everything is calculated to make the book a page-turner."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/lifestyle/review-mafia-queens-of-mumbai-is-peppered-with-titillating-details-1551270|title='Mafia Queens Of Mumbai' is peppered with titillating details|work=Daily News and Analysis|date=5 June 2011|accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref> Kankana Basu of ''[[The Hindu]]'' felt, "''Mafia Queens'', by virtue of its very stark simplicity is a revelation, a rare treat for the discerning lover of crime stories."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/books/queens-without-crowns/article2420664.ece|title=Queens without crowns|work=The Hindu|date=3 September 2011|accessdate=1 July 2020}}</ref>
==Adaptation==
Director [[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]] has announced a film titled ''[[Gangubai Kathiawadi]]'' which is based on the chapter of [[Gangubai Kothewali]] from the book.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://m.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/alia-bhatt-begins-shooting-for-gangubai-kathiawadi-shares-pic-of-her-trailer-look-what-santa-gave-me-this-year/story-B7SG8a3jfqx7n7cBzCzm6L_amp.html|title=Alia Bhatt begins shooting for Gangubai Kathiawadi, shares pic of her trailer:'Look what Santa gave me this year'|publisher=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=27 December 2019|accessdate=27 December 2019}}</ref> The film, starring [[Alia Bhatt]] in the title role, will be releasing on February 25, 2022.<ref>[https://www.connectedtoindia.com/gangubai-kathiawadi-is-my-favourite-character-till-date-alia-bhatt-9782.html Gangubai Kathiawadi is my favourite character till date: Alia Bhatt], ''Connected to India.'' February 20th 2022 Retrieved February 20th 2022</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/gangubai-kathiawadi-alia-bhatt-reveals-will-start-sanjay-leela-bhansalis-film-just-days/|title=Gangubai Kathiawadi: Alia Bhatt reveals she will start Sanjay Leela Bhansali's film in just few days|publisher=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|date=6 December 2019|accessdate=16 December 2019}}</ref>
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External link==
*[https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/10735428-mafia-queens-of-mumbai Mafia Queens of Mumbai] at [[Goodreads]]
[[Category:2011 Indian novels]]
[[Category:Indian crime novels]]
[[Category:Indian non-fiction books]]
[[Category:Crime in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Indian novels adapted into films]]

Gangubai Kothewali

2022-02-24T07:28:40Z

Ctoi: /* In popular culture */ Citation added

{{short description|Mid-20th-century prostitute and madame in Kamathipura, Maharashtra, India}}
{{notability|Bio|date=February 2021}}
'''Gangubai Harjivandas''', popularly known as, '''Gangubai Kothewali''' was an Indian sex worker and [[Procuring (prostitution)|madam]] of a [[brothel]] in [[Kamathipura]], Mumbai, [[Maharashtra]], [[India]] in the 1960s.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.republicworld.com/entertainment-news/bollywood-news/who-is-gangubai-kathiawadi|title=Gangubai Kathiawadi: Who is Alia Bhatt portraying in the film?|website=Republic World|access-date=2020-01-21}}</ref>{{Infobox person
| name =Gangubai Kothewali
| image = 
| alt = 
| caption =
| birth_name =Gangubai Harjivandas
| birth_date ={{birth_year|1939|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Kathiawar]]
| death_date ={{Death date and age|1978|1939}}
| death_place =[[Kamathipura]]
| nationality =[[India]]n
| other_names =Gangubai Kothewali
| occupation =
| years_active =
| known_for =
| notable_works =
}}
== Life ==
She was sold into prostitution at an early age by her [[suitor]], Ramnik Lal, after running away from home to Mumbai. She came to be known as the ''Madam of Kamathipura'' for being an influential pimp in the city with underworld connections, peddling drugs, and ordering murders. In the 60's, she was the only brothel owner to own a [[Bentley]], and later in life, met [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] to discuss the plight of sex workers and improve their living conditions.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.desimartini.com/news/martini-shots/trending-top-list/know-gangubai-kothewali-the-legendary-brothel-madam-alia-bhatt-will-be-playing-in-slbs-next-article120431.htm|title=Know Gangubai Kothewali, The Legendary Brothel Madam Alia Bhatt Will Be Playing In SLB’s Next|date=2019-09-22|website=Desimartini|language=en|access-date=2020-01-21}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hindi.thequint.com/entertainment/bollywood/gangubai-khothewali-sanjay-leela-bhansali-film-alia-bhatt|title=गंगूबाई कोठेवाली-पति ने ₹500 में बेचा था,भंसाली उनपर फिल्म बनाएंगे|date=2019-09-25|website=Quint Hindi|language=hi|access-date=2020-01-21}}</ref>
== In popular culture ==
Her life was documented in the 2011 book, ''[[Mafia Queens of Mumbai]]'', by writer and journalist [[Hussain Zaidi]]. ''[[Gangubai Kathiawadi]]'' is an upcoming Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[biographical film|biographical]] [[crime film]] based on a chapter of Zaidi's book, and directed by [[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://m.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/alia-bhatt-begins-shooting-for-gangubai-kathiawadi-shares-pic-of-her-trailer-look-what-santa-gave-me-this-year/story-B7SG8a3jfqx7n7cBzCzm6L_amp.html|title=Alia Bhatt begins shooting for Gangubai Kathiawadi, shares pic of her trailer:'Look what Santa gave me this year'|publisher=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=27 December 2019|access-date=27 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vogue.in/whats-new/content/alia-bhatt-who-was-gangubai-kathiawadi-facts-bollywood-films-2020|title=Who was Gangubai Kathiawadi: The real woman behind Alia Bhatt’s latest character|website=Vogue India|language=en-IN|access-date=2020-01-21}}</ref><ref>[https://www.connectedtoindia.com/gangubai-kathiawadi-is-my-favourite-character-till-date-alia-bhatt-9782.html Gangubai Kathiawadi is my favourite character till date: Alia Bhatt], Connected to India. February 20th 2022. Retrieved February 20th 2022</ref>
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Prostitution in India}}
{{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kothewali, Gangubai}}

[[Category:Indian sex workers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian people]]
[[Category:Indian female prostitutes]]
[[Category:People from Mumbai]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women]]
[[Category:1939 births]]
[[Category:1978 deaths]]

Lata Mangeshkar

2022-02-07T09:25:55Z

Ctoi: citation updated

{{Short description|Indian playback singer and music director (1929 – 2022)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Lata Mangeshkar
| image = Lata-Mangeshkar.jpg
| caption = Mangeshkar in 2011
| birth_name = Hema Mangeshkar
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1929|09|28}}
| death_date = {{death date|df=y|2022|02|06}}
<ref>{{cite news |title=Lata Mangeshkar won't celebrate 87th birthday, says 'jo shahid hue hai unki yaad karo kurbani' ['remember the victims and their sacrifice'] |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/music/lata-mangeshkar-has-special-message-for-pakistan-3053252/ |date=28 September 2016 |newspaper=The Indian Express |access-date=28 September 2016}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Aurad Shahajani|Indore]], [[Indore State]], [[Central India Agency]], [[British Raj|British India]] (present-day [[Madhya Pradesh]], India,)

| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|2022|02|06|1929|09|20}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Breaking news live updates: Singer Lata Mangeshkar passes away|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/breaking-news-live-updates-feb-6/liveblog/89376395.cms|access-date=2022-02-06|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
|Cause of Death = Cancer
| death_place =[[Breach Candy Hospital]], [[Mumbai]], Maharashtra, India
| nationality = 
| other_names = ''Queen of Melody'' ''Nightingale of India''
| occupation = {{flatlist|
* Playback singer
* occasional music composer and singer
* producer
}}
| years_active = 1942–2022
| father = [[Deenanath Mangeshkar]]
| relatives = See [[List of Hindi film families#Mangeshkar-Hardikar-Abhisheki extended family|Mangeshkar-Hardikar-Abhisheki family]]
| signature = Signature of Lata Mangeshkar.svg
| awards = {{plainlist|
* [[National Film Awards]]
* [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards|BFJA Awards]]
* [[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer]]
* [[Filmfare]] Special Awards
* [[Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award]]
}}
| honours = {{plainlist|
* [[Padma Bhushan]] (1969)
* [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]] (1989)
* [[Maharashtra Bhushan]] (1997)
* [[Padma Vibhushan]] (1999)
* [[Bharat Ratna]] (2001)
* [[Legion of Honour]] (2006)
}}
| module = {{Infobox officeholder
| embed = yes
| office = [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha]]
| termstart1 = 22 November 1999
| termend1 = 21 November 2005
| party = [[Independent politician|Independent]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/i-was-misfit-in-parliament-lata-mangeshkar-471403.html|title=I was misfit in parliament: Lata Mangeshkar|website=News18|date=5 May 2012}}</ref>
}}
| module2 = {{Infobox musical artist
| embed = yes
| background = solo_singer
| genre = {{flatlist|
* [[Filmi]]
* [[Indian classical music|Classical]]
* [[Ghazals]]<ref>https://gaana.com/playlist/amp/gaana-dj-ghazals-lata-mangeshkar.html</ref>
* [[Bhajans]]<ref>https://gaana.com/playlist/amp/gaana-dj-bhakti-by-lata-mangeshkar.html</ref>
* [[Folk music|Folk]]<ref>https://gaana.com/playlist/gaana-dj-bengali-folk-songs-of-lata</ref>
* [[Music of Bengal|Bengali Music]]<ref name="thestatesman.com">{{cite web |title=Lata Mangeshkar: The nightingale's tryst with Rabindra Sangeet |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/music/lata-mangeshkar-nightingales-tryst-rabindra-sangeet-1502690352.html |website=The Statesman |access-date=4 December 2018 |date=28 September 2018}}</ref>
}}
| instrument = [[Human voice|Vocals]]
}}
}}
'''Lata Mangeshkar''' ({{IPA-hi|ləˈtaː məŋˈɡeːʃkər||Lata Mageshkar.ogg}}) (born as '''Hema Mangeshkar'''; 28 September 1929 – 6 February 2022) was an Indian [[playback singer]] and occasional music composer. She was widely considered as one of the greatest and most respected playback singers in India.<ref>{{cite news|title=Lata Mangeshkar|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/30899862.cms|date=10 December 2002|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=2009-07-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Yasmeen, Afshan |title=Music show to celebrate birthday of melody queen |url=http://www.hindu.com/lf/2004/09/21/stories/2004092114010200.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041103120451/http://www.hindu.com/lf/2004/09/21/stories/2004092114010200.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 November 2004 |date=21 September 2004 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |url-access=subscription |access-date=14 October 2019}}</ref> Her contribution to Indian music industry in a career spanning seven decades has gained her honorific titles such as the [[Honorific nicknames in popular music|Nightingale of India]] and [[Honorific nicknames in popular music|Queen of Melody]].<ref name="hindustantimes.com">{{Cite web|date=2019-10-14|title=Lata Mangeshkar: The Queen of Melody|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/inspiring-lives/lata-mangeshkar-the-queen-of-melody/story-TBN6Pq9c9wktF7ptW0gBmN.html|access-date=2022-02-05|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref> She recently passed away on 6 February 2022.

Lata has recorded songs in over thirty-six Indian languages and few foreign languages, though primarily in [[Hindi language|Hindi]] and [[Marathi language|Marathi]].<ref name="hindustantimes.com"/> She has received several accolades and honors throughout her career. In 1989, The [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]] was bestowed on her by the [[Government of India]]. In 2001, in recognition of her contributions to the nation, she was awarded the [[Bharat Ratna]], India's highest civilian honour and is only the second vocalist, after [[M. S. Subbulakshmi]], to receive this honour.<ref>{{usurped|[https://web.archive.org/web/20100811105225/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2001/03/22/stories/01220006.htm Lata Mangeshkar given Bharat Ratna]}} The Hindu</ref> France conferred on her its highest civilian award, the Officer of the [[Legion of Honour]], in 2007.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/happy-birthday-lata-mangeshkar-5-songs-by-the-eternal-songstress-one-must-listen-to-2326051.html|title=Happy Birthday Lata Mangeshkar: 5 Timeless Classics By the Singing Legend}}</ref>

She is the recipient of three [[National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer|National Film Awards]], 15 [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards]], four [[Filmfare Best Female Playback Award]]s, two [[Filmfare Special Award]]s, [[Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award]] and many more. In 1974, she became the first Indian to perform at the [[Royal Albert Hall]], [[London]].

She had four siblings: [[Meena Khadikar]], [[Asha Bhosle]], [[Usha Mangeshkar]] and [[Hridaynath Mangeshkar]] – of whom she was the eldest.

The singer lost her battle to Covid-19 after undergoing multiple days of treatment at the Breach Candy Hospital, Mumbai. She died at 8:12 a.m. on February 6, 2022, with the cause of death being multiple organ failure.<ref>https://www.connectedtoindia.com/tributes-pour-in-as-india-bids-adieu-to-nightingale-lata-mangeshkar-9756.html</ref>
==Early life==
{{See also|Mangeshkar family}}[[File:LataMangeshkar14.jpg|thumb|right|Childhood photo of Lata Mangeshkar]]
Lata Mangeshkar was born in 1929, the eldest daughter of [[Deenanath Mangeshkar]], a [[Marathi people|Marathi]] and [[Konkani people|Konkani]] musician and his wife Shevanti<ref name=toi1>{{cite news|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|title=Unplugged: Lata Mangeshkar|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/spotlight/Unplugged-Lata-Mangeshkar/articleshow/4625384.cms|date=20 September 2009}}</ref> in [[Indore]] (in present-day [[Madhya Pradesh]] and then the capital of the [[princely state]] of [[Indore State|Indore]] which was part of the [[Central India Agency]] in [[British Raj|British India]]). Her father, Deenanath Mangeshkar, was a classical singer and theatre actor. Her mother, Shevanti (later renamed Shudhamati), a [[Gujarati people|Gujarati]] woman from [[Thalner]], [[Bombay Presidency]] (now in northwest [[Maharashtra]]), was Deenanath's second wife; his first wife Narmada, who had died, was Shevanti's older sister.<ref name=toi2>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/Meet-Lata-ben-Mangeshkar/articleshow/5066253.cms|location=[[Ahmedabad]]|title=Meet Lata-ben Mangeshkar!|first=Ashish|last=Vashi|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=29 September 2009}}</ref>

Lata's paternal grandfather, Ganesh Bhatt Navathe Hardikar (Abhisheki), was a priest who performed the [[abhisheka]]m of the [[Shiva]] [[lingam]] at the [[Mangueshi Temple]] in [[Goa]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Book on Lata Mangeshkar: A Musical Journey out by January 2016|work=The Economic Times|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/book-on-lata-mangeshkar-a-musical-journey-out-by-january-2016/articleshow/49134710.cms|access-date=2020-10-31}}</ref> and her paternal grandmother, Yesubai Rane, belonged to the [[Gomantak Maratha Samaj]] community of [[Goa]] and Lata's maternal grandfather was the Gujarati businessman Seth Haridas Ramdas Lad, a prosperous businessman and landlord of Thalner; and Mangeshkar learnt [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] folk songs such as [[Garba (dance)|garbas]] of [[Pavagadh]] from her maternal grandmother.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bharatan|first=Raju|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kK00DQAAQBAJ|title=Asha Bhosle: A Musical Biography|date=2016-08-01|publisher=Hay House, Inc|isbn=978-93-85827-16-7|pages=5–7|language=en}}</ref>

Deenanath adopted the surname Mangeshkar in order to identify his family with his native town of [[Mangeshi]], [[Goa]]. Lata was named "Hema" at her birth. Her parents later renamed her Lata after a female character, Latika, in one of her father's plays, ''BhaawBandhan''.<ref name="encyclopaedia_of_hindi_cinema">{{cite book | last = Khubchandani | first = Lata |editor=[[Gulzar]] |editor2=[[Govind Nihalani]] |editor3=Saibal Chatterjee | title = Encyclopaedia of Hindi Cinema | year = 2003 | publisher = Popular Prakashan | isbn = 81-7991-066-0 | pages = 486–487}}</ref>

Lata is the eldest child of the family. [[Meena Mangeshkar|Meena]], [[Asha Bhosle|Asha]], [[Usha Mangeshkar|Usha]], and [[Hridaynath Mangeshkar|Hridaynath]], in birth order, are her siblings; all are accomplished singers and musicians.

Lata received her first music lesson from her father. At the age of five, she started to work as an actress in her father's musical plays (''[[Sangeet Natak]]'' in [[Marathi language|Marathi]]). On her first day of school,<ref name="encyclopaedia_of_hindi_cinema"/> she left school because they would not allow her to bring her sister Asha with her, as she would often bring her younger sister with her.
==Singing career==
{{Main|List of songs by Lata Mangeshkar}}
===Early career in the 1940s===
In 1942, when Lata was 13, her father died of [[heart disease]]. [[Master Vinayak]] (Vinayak Damodar Karnataki), the owner of Navyug Chitrapat movie company and a close friend of the Mangeshkar family, took care of them. He helped Lata get started in a career as a singer and actress.

Lata sang the song "Naachu Yaa Gade, Khelu Saari Mani Haus Bhaari", which was composed by Sadashivrao Nevrekar for Vasant Joglekar's [[Marathi language|Marathi]] movie ''Kiti Hasaal'' (1942), but the song was dropped from the final cut. Vinayak gave her a small role in Navyug Chitrapat's Marathi movie ''Pahili Mangalaa-gaur'' (1942), in which she sang "Natali Chaitraachi Navalaai" which was composed by Dada Chandekar.<ref name="encyclopaedia_of_hindi_cinema"/> Her first Hindi song was "Mata Ek Sapoot Ki Duniya Badal De Tu" for the [[Marathi language|Marathi]] film ''Gajaabhaau'' (1943).

Lata moved to [[Mumbai]] in 1945 when Master Vinayak's company moved its headquarters there. She started taking lessons in [[Hindustani classical music]] from Ustad Aman Ali Khan of Bhindibazaar Gharana.<ref>{{cite web |title=Biographies of Maestros |url=http://swaramandakini.com/Biographies_maestros.html |website=Swaramandakini.com |access-date=5 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=5 unknown facts about Lata Mangeshkar |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/5-unknown-facts-about-Lata-Mangeshkar/5-unknown-facts-about-Lata-Mangeshkar/photostory/32838183.cms |newspaper=The Times of India |access-date=5 August 2017}}</ref> She sang "Paa Lagoon Kar Jori" for Vasant Joglekar's Hindi-language movie ''Aap Ki Seva Mein'' (1946),<ref name="encyclopaedia_of_hindi_cinema"/> which was composed by Datta Davjekar. The dance in the film was performed by [[Rohini Bhate]] who later became a famous classical dancer. Lata and her sister Asha played minor roles in Vinayak's first Hindi-language movie, ''Badi Maa'' (1945). In that movie, Lata also sang a [[bhajan]], "Maata Tere Charnon Mein." She was introduced to music director [[Vasant Desai]] during the recording of Vinayak's second Hindi-language movie, ''Subhadra'' (1946).

After Vinayak's death in 1948, music director [[Ghulam Haider (composer)|Ghulam Haider]] mentored her as a singer. He introduced Lata to producer [[Sashadhar Mukherjee]], who was working then on the movie ''[[Shaheed (1948 film)|Shaheed]]'' (1948), but Mukherjee dismissed Lata's voice as "too thin".<ref name="encyclopaedia_of_hindi_cinema"/> An annoyed Haider responded that in coming years producers and directors would "fall at Lata's feet" and "beg her" to sing in their movies. Haider gave Lata her first major break with the song "Dil Mera Toda, Mujhe Kahin Ka Na Chhora"—lyrics by [[Nazim Panipati]]—in the movie ''[[Majboor (1948 film)|Majboor]]'' (1948), which became her first big breakthrough film hit. In an interview on her 84th birthday, in September 2013, Lata herself declared, "Ghulam Haider is truly my Godfather. He was the first music director who showed complete faith in my talent."<ref name="encyclopaedia_of_hindi_cinema"/><ref>Who is Lata Mangeshkar's Godfather ? glamsham.com website 27 September 2013 http://www.glamsham.com/movies/scoops/13/sep/27-news-who-is-lata-mangeshkars-godfather-0913012.asp {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525035016/http://www.glamsham.com/movies/scoops/13/sep/27-news-who-is-lata-mangeshkars-godfather-0913012.asp |date=25 May 2015 }}</ref>

Initially, Lata is said to have imitated the acclaimed singer [[Noor Jehan]], but she later developed her own style of singing.<ref name="encyclopaedia_of_hindi_cinema"/> She brought a new signature style of singing to Indian film music, moving away from mehfil-style performances to suit both 'modern' and 'traditional' female protagonists. A [[soprano]] range voice with less volume or amplitude, she had enough weight in her voice to give definite shape to the melody of Indian film songs.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Morcom|first=Anna|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sCcxDwAAQBAJ&dq=lata+mangeshkar+new+style+of+singing+mehfil+style+singing&pg=PT91|title=Hindi Film Songs and the Cinema|date=2017-07-05|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-351-56373-4|language=en}}</ref> Although she had a limited [[Coloratura soprano|colaratura]] skills in her early career, she developed better tone and pitch as she progressed in her playback career.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Dharker|first=A.|title=Icons: Men and Women who Shaped Today's India|publisher=Roli Books|year=2011|isbn=9788174369444|location=India|language=English}}</ref> Lyrics of songs in Hindi movies are primarily composed by Urdu poets and contain a higher proportion of [[Urdu language|Urdu]] words, including the dialogue. Actor [[Dilip Kumar]] once made a mildly disapproving remark about Lata's Maharashtrian accent while singing Hindi/Urdu songs; so for a period of time, Lata took lessons in Urdu from an Urdu teacher named Shafi.<ref>{{cite book | last = Bharatan | first = Raju | title = Lata Mangeshkar: A Biography | year = 1995 | publisher = UBS Publishers Distributors | isbn = 978-81-7476-023-4}}</ref> In subsequent interviews, Lata has said that Noor Jehan had heard her as a child and had told her to practice a lot. The two stayed in touch with each other for many years to come.<ref>{{cite news |title=Interview with Lata Mangeshkar - Irrfan |publisher=Rajya Sabha TV}}</ref>

One of her first major hits was "Aayega Aanewaala," a song in the movie ''[[Mahal (1949 film)|Mahal]]'' (1949), composed by music director [[Khemchand Prakash]] and lip-synced on screen by actress [[Madhubala]].<ref name="dailytimes.com.pk">{{cite web|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/entertainment/08-Aug-2014/lata-mangeshkar-the-living-legend-part-i |title=Lata Mangeshkar — the living legend — Part I |work=DailyTimes |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150710052627/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/entertainment/08-Aug-2014/lata-mangeshkar-the-living-legend-part-i |archive-date=10 July 2015}}</ref>
===1950s===
[[File:Lata Mangeshkar black-and-white.jpg|thumb|left|Mangeshkar in 1953 (aged 23)]]
In the 1950s, Lata sang songs composed by various music directors of the period, including [[Anil Biswas (composer)|Anil Biswas]] (in films such as ''[[Tarana (1951 film)|Tarana]]'' (1951) and ''Heer'' (1956)), [[Shankar Jaikishan]], [[Naushad|Naushad Ali]], [[S. D. Burman]], [[Sardul Singh Kwatra]], [[Husnlal Bhagatram|Amarnath, Husanlal, and Bhagatram]] (in films like ''[[Bari Behen]]'' (1949), ''[[Meena Bazaar (film)|Meena Bazaar]]'' (1950), ''[[Aadhi Raat]]'' (1950), ''Chhoti Bhabi'' (1950), ''[[Afsana (film)|Afsana]]'' (1951), ''Aansoo'' (1953), and ''[[Adl-e-Jehangir]]'' (1955)), [[C. Ramchandra]], [[Hemant Kumar]], [[Salil Chowdhury]], [[Datta Naik]], [[Mohammed Zahur Khayyam|Khayyam]], [[Ravi (music director)|Ravi]], [[Sajjad Hussain (composer)|Sajjad Hussain]], [[Roshan (music director)|Roshan]], [[Kalyanji-Anandji]], [[Vasant Desai]], [[Sudhir Phadke]], [[Hansraj Behl]], [[Madan Mohan (composer)|Madan Mohan]], and [[Usha Khanna]]. She sang "Sri Lanka, Ma Priyadara Jaya Bhumi", a song in [[Sinhala language|Sinhala]], for the 1955 [[Cinema of Sri Lanka|Sri Lankan film]] ''[[Seda Sulang]]''. She made her debut in Tamil playback singing with "Vanaradham" in 1956 (''Uran Khotala'' dubbed in Tamil) with the Tamil song "Enthan Kannalan" for [[Nimmi]] in the dubbed version composed by Naushad.

Lata sang many [[raga]]-based songs for [[Naushad Ali|Naushad]] in movies such as ''[[Deedar (1951 film)|Deedar]]'' (1951), ''[[Baiju Bawra (1952 film)|Baiju Bawra]]'' (1952), ''[[Amar (1954 film)|Amar]]'' (1954), ''[[Uran Khatola (1955 film)|Uran Khatola]]'' (1955) and ''[[Mother India]]'' (1957).<ref name="dailytimes.com.pk"/> ''Ae Chorre Ki Jaat Badi Bewafa'', a duet with G. M. Durrani, was her first song for the composer Naushad. The duo, [[Shankar–Jaikishan]], chose Lata for ''[[Barsaat (1949 film)|Barsaat]]'' (1949), ''[[Aah (film)|Aah]]'' (1953), ''[[Shree 420]]'' (1955) and ''[[Chori Chori]]'' (1956). Before 1957, composer [[S. D. Burman]] chose Lata as the leading female singer for his musical scores in ''[[Sazaa (1951 film)|Sazaa]]'' (1951), ''[[House No. 44]]'' (1955), and ''[[Devdas (1955 film)|Devdas]]'' (1955). However a rift developed between Lata and Burman in 1957, and she did not sing his compositions again until 1962.<ref name="encyclopaedia_of_hindi_cinema"/>

Lata won a [[Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer]] for [[Salil Chowdhury]]'s composition "Aaja Re Pardesi" from ''[[Madhumati]]'' (1958). Lata Mangeshkar's association with C. Ramchandra produced songs in movies such as [[Albela (1951 film)|Albela]] (1951), Shin Shinkai Bublaa Boo (1952), [[Anarkali (1953 film)|Anarkali]] (1953), ''Pehli Jhhalak'' (1954), [[Azaad (1955 film)|''Azad'']] (1955), ''[[Aasha (1957 film)|Aasha]]'' (1957), and [[Amardeep (1958 film)|Amardeep]] (1958).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/entertainment/27-Aug-2014/lata-mangeshkar-the-living-legend-part-xx |title=Lata Mangeshkar — the living legend — Part X |work=DailyTimes |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140828070736/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/entertainment/27-Aug-2014/lata-mangeshkar-the-living-legend-part-xx |archive-date=28 August 2014}}</ref> For Madan Mohan, she performed for films like ''Baagi'' (1953), ''[[Railway Platform (film)|Railway Platform]]'' (1955), ''[[Pocket Maar (1956 film)|Pocketmaar]]'' (1956), ''[[Mr. Lambu]]'' (1956), ''[[Dekh Kabira Roya]]'' (1957), ''[[Adalat (1958 film)|Adalat]]'' (1958), ''[[Jailor (1958 film)|Jailor]]'' (1958), ''Mohar'' (1959), and ''Chacha Zindabad'' (1959).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/entertainment/30-Aug-2014/lata-mangeshkar-the-living-legend-xxiii |title=Lata Mangeshkar — the living legend — XXIII |work=DailyTimes |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141017130707/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/entertainment/30-Aug-2014/lata-mangeshkar-the-living-legend-xxiii |archive-date=17 October 2014}}</ref>
===1960s===
Lata's song "Pyar Kiya To Darna Kya" from ''[[Mughal-e-Azam]]'' (1960), composed by Naushad and lip-synced by [[Madhubala]], still remains famous. The [[music of Hawaii|Hawaiian]]-themed number "Ajeeb Dastaan Hai Yeh", from ''[[Dil Apna Aur Preet Parai]]'' (1960), was composed by [[Shankar–Jaikishan]] and lip-synced by [[Meena Kumari]].

In 1961, Lata recorded two popular [[bhajans]], "Allah Tero Naam" and "Prabhu Tero Naam", for Burman's assistant, [[Jaidev]]. In 1962, she was awarded her second Filmfare Award for the song "Kahin Deep Jale Kahin Dil" from ''[[Bees Saal Baad (1962 film)|Bees Saal Baad]]'', composed by [[Hemant Kumar]].

On 27 January 1963, against the backdrop of the [[Sino-Indian War]], Lata sang the patriotic song "[[Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo]]" (literally, "Oh, People of My Country") in the presence of [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], then the [[Prime Minister of India]]. The song, composed by [[C. Ramchandra]] and written by [[Kavi Pradeep]], is said to have brought the Prime Minister to tears.<ref name="encyclopaedia_of_hindi_cinema"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/1998/dec/11kavi.htm|title=Kavi Pradeep, master of the patriotic song, dies at 84|date=11 December 1998|access-date=2010-11-04|work=[[Rediff.com]]}}</ref>

In 1963, Lata returned to collaborate with [[S. D. Burman]]. She had sung in [[R. D. Burman]]'s first film, ''Chhote Nawab'' (1961), and later in his films such as ''[[Bhoot Bungla]]'' (1965), ''Pati Patni'' (1966), ''Baharon ke Sapne'' (1967), and ''Abhilasha'' (1969). She also recorded several popular songs for S. D. Burman, including "Aaj Phir Jeene Ki Tamanna Hai", "Gata Rahe Mera Dil" (duet with [[Kishore Kumar]]) and "Piya Tose" from ''[[Guide (film)|Guide]]'' (1965), "Hothon Pe Aisi Baat" from ''[[Jewel Thief]]'' (1967), and "Kitni Akeli Kitni Tanhaa" from ''[[Talash (1969 film)|Talash]]''.

During the 1960s, Lata Mangeshkar continued her association with [[Madan Mohan (composer)|Madan Mohan]], which included the songs "Aap Ki Nazron Ne Samjha" from ''[[Anpadh]]'' (1962), "[[Lag Jaa Gale]]" and "Naina Barse Rim Jhim" from ''[[Woh Kaun Thi?]]'' (1964), "Woh Chup Rahen To" from ''Jahan Ara'' (1964), "Tu Jahan Jahan Chalega" from ''[[Mera Saaya]]'' (1966) and "Teri Aankho Ke Siva" from ''[[Chirag]]'' (1969),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theistimes.com/madan-mohan-lata-made-each-other-famous/ |title=Madan Mohan & Lata made each other famous | The Indian Sub-continent Times |publisher=Theistimes.com |access-date=2014-08-06}}</ref> and she had a continuing association with the maestros [[Shankar Jaikishan]], who got her to sing in various genres in the '60s.

The 1960s also witnessed the beginning of Mangeshkar's association with [[Laxmikant–Pyarelal]], the music directors for whom she sang the most popular songs in her career. Starting in 1963, [[Laxmikant–Pyarelal]]'s association with Lata Mangeshkar grew stronger over the years. Lata Mangeshkar sang over 700 songs for the composer duo over a period of 35 years, many of which became huge hits. She sang for ''[[Parasmani]]'' (1963), ''[[Mr. X in Bombay]]'' (1964), ''[[Aaye Din Bahar Ke]]'' (1966), ''[[Milan (1967 film)|Milan]]'' (1967), ''[[Anita (1967 film)|Anita]]'' (1967), ''[[Shagird]]'' (1968), ''[[Mere Hamdam Mere Dost]]'' (1968), ''[[Intaquam]]'' (1969), ''[[Do Raaste]]'' (1969) and ''[[Jeene Ki Raah]]'', for which she got her third [[Filmfare Award]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-09-28/news-interviews/30212136_1_laxmikant-pyarelal-laxmikant-pyarelal-mangeshkar-family | archive-url=https://archive.today/20130818202105/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-09-28/news-interviews/30212136_1_laxmikant-pyarelal-laxmikant-pyarelal-mangeshkar-family | url-status=dead | archive-date=2013-08-18 | work=[[The Times of India]] | title=Lata Mangeshkar...twenty years ago}}</ref>

She also sang several playback songs for [[Marathi cinema|Marathi films]], composed by Marathi music directors including [[Hridaynath Mangeshkar]], [[Vasant Prabhu]], [[Srinivas Khale]], [[Sudhir Phadke]] and herself, under the pseudonym ''Anandghan''. During the 1960s and 1970s, she also sang several [[Bengali language|Bengali]] songs composed by music directors like [[Salil Chowdhury]] and [[Hemant Kumar]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bharatan|first=Raju|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YE-9AAAACAAJ|title=Lata Mangeshkar: A Biography|date=1995|publisher=UBS Publishers' Distributors|isbn=978-81-7476-023-4|pages=52|language=en}}</ref>

Lata made her [[Kannada]] debut in 1967 for the film ''[[Kranthiveera Sangolli Rayanna]]'' by recording two songs for the music director Lakshman Berlekar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://chiloka.com/movie/kranthiveera-sangolli-rayanna-1967|title=Lata's Kannada songs|website=Chiloka.com}}</ref> The song "Bellane Belagayithu" was well received and appreciated.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/rendering-a-historical-historic/article19154275.ece|title=Mangeshkars' Kannada songs|work=The Hindu|date=27 June 2017|last1=Ganesh|first1=Deepa}}</ref>

In the 1960s, Mangeshkar recorded duets with [[Kishore Kumar]], [[Mukesh (singer)|Mukesh]], [[Manna Dey]], [[Mahendra Kapoor]] and [[Mohammed Rafi]]. For a brief period during the 1960s, she was not on good terms with Mohammed Rafi over the issue of royalty payments to singers. Mangeshkar wanted Rafi to back her in demanding a half-share from the five percent song royalty that the film's producer conceded to select composers.<ref name="how_fair_raju3">{{cite web
| url = http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2006/aug/23sld3.htm
| title = How fair were they to Mohammed Rafi?: Page 3
| author = Raju Bharatan
| work = [[Rediff.com]]
| date = 23 August 2006
| access-date = 2007-04-28
}}</ref> But Rafi took a diametrically opposite view, and believed that a playback singer's claim on the filmmaker ended with the payment of the agreed fee for the song, leading to tensions between the two. After an argument during the recording of the song ''"''Tasveer Teri Dil Mein''"'', from Maya (1961), the two refused to sing with each other.<ref name="how_fair_raju4">{{cite web | url = http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2006/aug/23sld4.htm | title = How fair were they to Mohammed Rafi?: Page 4 | author = Raju Bharatan | work = [[Rediff.com]] | date = 21 August 2006 | access-date = 2007-04-28 }}</ref> The music director [[Shankar Jaikishan|Jaikishan]] later negotiated a reconciliation between the two.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/printarticle.aspx?page=comments&action=translate&sectid=30&contentid=20121122201211220321263836fccc616&subsite= |title=Voice from the past (interview with Yasmin Rafi) |author=Dhamini Ratnam |newspaper=[[Mumbai Mirror]] |date=22 November 2012 |access-date=2012-11-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018132413/http://www.mumbaimirror.com/printarticle.aspx?page=comments&action=translate&sectid=30&contentid=20121122201211220321263836fccc616&subsite= |archive-date=18 October 2015 }} {{dead link|date=February 2016}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
===1970s===
In 1972, [[Meena Kumari]]'s last film, ''[[Pakeezah]]'', was released. It featured popular songs including "Chalte Chalte" and "Inhi Logon Ne", sung by Lata Mangeshkar, and composed by Ghulam Mohammed. She recorded many popular songs for S. D. Burman's last films, including "Rangeela Re" from ''[[Prem Pujari]]'' (1970), "Khilte Hain Gul Yahaan" from ''[[Sharmeelee]]'' (1971), and "Piya Bina" from ''[[Abhimaan (1973 film)|Abhimaan]]'' (1973) and for Madan Mohan's last films, including ''[[Dastak (1970 film)|Dastak]]'' (1970), ''[[Heer Raanjha]]'' (1970), ''[[Dil Ki Rahen]]'' (1973), ''[[Hindustan Ki Kasam]]'' (1973), ''[[Hanste Zakhm]]'' (1973), ''[[Mausam (1975 film)|Mausam]]'' (1975) and ''[[Laila Majnu (1976 film)|Laila Majnu]]'' (1976).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.madanmohan.in/html/the_legend/his_journey/his_journey.html |title=MADAN MOHAN... The Musical Legend | The Official Website of Madan Mohan |publisher=Madanmohan.in |access-date=2014-08-06}}</ref>

Many of Lata Mangeshkar's notable songs in the 1970s were composed by [[Laxmikant–Pyarelal]] and [[Rahul Dev Burman]]. Many of her songs composed by Laxmikant-Pyarelal in the 1970s were written by the lyricist [[Anand Bakshi]]. She also recorded many hit songs with [[Rahul Dev Burman]] in the films ''[[Amar Prem]]'' (1972), ''[[Caravan (1971 film)|Caravan]]'' (1971), ''[[Kati Patang]]'' (1971), and ''[[Aandhi]]'' (1975). The two are noted for their songs with the lyricists [[Majrooh Sultanpuri]], [[Anand Bakshi]], and [[Gulzar]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bharatan|first=Raju|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RaafAAAAMAAJ|title=Lata Mangeshkar: A Biography|date=1995|publisher=UBS Publishers' Distributors|isbn=978-81-7476-023-4|pages=45–47|language=en}}</ref>

In 1973, she won the [[National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer]] for the song "Beeti Na Bitai" from the film ''[[Parichay (film)|Parichay]]'', composed by R. D. Burman, and written by Gulzar. In 1974, she sang her only [[Malayalam]] song "Kadali Chenkadali" for the film ''[[Nellu (1974 film)|Nellu]]'', composed by [[Salil Chowdhury]], and written by [[Vayalar Ramavarma]]. In 1975, she again won the National Award, this time for the song "Roothe Roothe Piya" from the film ''[[Kora Kagaz]]'', composed by [[Kalyanji Anandji]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=On Stage with Lata - Google Search|url=https://www.google.com/search?q=On+Stage+with+Lata&stick=H4sIAAAAAAAAAOOQUeLVT9c3NEw2NjRKr0zLMBLJSSxJVMhNzEtPLc7ITixSSMrPz46SS8_PT89JBXMU8vMU0BSdYuQBmWKUlFuRZxRvfIoRamixaVJGXkrVKUYu_Vx9g2Rjs-LsJLgk1MZfjCI-INN8Ua1sYGFcxCrkn6cQXJKYnqpQnlmSoQBSd4tNkkFrahWXYsVbZr4fvZ9_hu6___C37XnNrfsNAEtfOnzOAAAA|access-date=2020-10-31|website=google.com}}</ref>

From the 1970s onwards, Lata Mangeshkar has also staged many concerts in India and abroad, including several charity concerts. Her first concert overseas was at the [[Royal Albert Hall]], [[London]], in 1974 and was the first Indian to do so.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/5-unknown-facts-about-lata-mangeshkar/Lata-Mangeshkar-death-rumours-unknown-facts-about-Lata-Mangeshkars-life/photostory/32838183.cms|title=5 unknown facts about Lata Mangeshkar|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=28 March 2014}}</ref><ref name="highbeammilestones">{{cite news |title=Milestones in the life of melody queen Lata Mangeshkar |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1562587031.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208011559/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P3-1562587031.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=8 February 2016 |date=27 September 2008 |newspaper=Hindustan Times (New Delhi, India) |via=[[HighBeam Research]] |url-access=subscription |access-date=18 January 2018}}</ref> She also released an album of [[Mirabai]]'s [[bhajan]]s, "Chala Vaahi Des", composed by her brother Hridaynath Mangeshkar. Some of the bhajans in the album include "Saanware Rang Ranchi" and "Ud Jaa Re Kaaga". In the early 1970s, she released other non-film albums, such as her collection of Ghalib ghazals, an album of Marathi folk songs ([[Koli people|Koli]]-geete), an album of Ganesh aartis (all composed by her brother Hridaynath) and an album of "abhangs" of Sant Tukaram composed by [[Shrinivas Khale]].

In the 1978 [[Raj Kapoor]]-directed ''[[Satyam Shivam Sundaram]]'', Lata Mangeshkar sang the main theme song "Satyam Shivam Sundaram," among the chart-toppers of the year. The film's story is inspired by Lata Mangeshkar was revealed by Kapoor's daughter Ritu Nanda in her latest book. The book quotes Kapoor as saying, "I visualised the story of a man falling for a woman with an ordinary countenance but a golden voice and wanted to cast Lata Mangeshkar in the role."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/Books/Raj-Kapoor-The-face-behind-the-star/Article1-254712.aspx |title=Raj Kapoor: The face behind the star |newspaper=Hindustan Times |access-date=2014-08-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130917085823/http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/Books/Raj-Kapoor-The-face-behind-the-star/Article1-254712.aspx |archive-date=17 September 2013 }}</ref>

In the late 1970s and early 1980s, she worked with the children of composers she had earlier worked with. Some of these composers included [[R. D. Burman|Rahul Dev Burman]], son of [[Sachin Dev Burman]], [[Rajesh Roshan]], son of [[Roshan (music director)|Roshan]], [[Anu Malik]], son of Sardar Malik, and [[Anand–Milind]], sons of [[Chitragupta (composer)|Chitragupta]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Islam|first=Tariqul|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qHrwjwEACAAJ|title=Influence of Lata Mangeshkar's Songs in My Songs & Life|date=2016-02-21|publisher=CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform|isbn=978-1-5301-3643-8|language=en}}</ref> She also sang many songs in the Assamese language and developed a very good relationship with the Assamese musician [[Bhupen Hazarika]]. She sang many songs under his direction; the song "Dil Hoom Hoom Kare" from ''[[Rudaali]]'' (1993) made the highest record sales that year.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sen|first=Zinia|date=2020-11-11|title=Bhupen loved Lataji: Kalpana Lajmi - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Bhupen-loved-Lataji-Kalpana-Lajmi/articleshow/17169835.cms|url-status=live|archive-url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:Zretxyfq8EIJ:https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Bhupen-loved-Lataji-Kalpana-Lajmi/articleshow/17169835.cms+&cd=5&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=in|archive-date=2020-10-26|access-date=2020-10-31|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Usha |first=R. P. |date=2011-11-09 |title=A genius |url=https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/letters/a-genius/article2609882.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:3ckpL9Pjmc4J:https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/letters/a-genius/article2609882.ece+&cd=8&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=in |archive-date=22 October 2020 |work=The Hindu |issn=0971-751X |language=en-IN |access-date=31 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Bhupen Hazarika inspired millions across generations |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/bhupen-hazarika-inspired-millions-across-generations/articleshow/67693241.cms |date=25 January 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:E97nxihRd4YJ:https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/bhupen-hazarika-inspired-millions-across-generations/articleshow/67693241.cms+&cd=10&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=in |archive-date=27 October 2020 |newspaper=The Times of India |department=India News |agency=Press Trust of India (PTI) |language=en |access-date=5 February 2022 }}</ref>
===1980s===
From the 1980s onwards, Lata Mangeshkar worked with music directors such as [[Shiv-Hari]] in ''[[Silsila (1981 film)|Silsila]]'' (1981), ''[[Faasle]]'' (1985), ''[[Vijay (1988 film)|Vijay]]'' (1988), and ''[[Chandni (film)|Chandni]]'' (1989) and [[Raamlaxman|Ram Laxman]] in'' Ustadi Ustad Se'' (1981), ''[[Bezubaan]]'' (1982), ''[[Woh Jo Hasina]]'' (1983), ''Ye Kesa Farz'' (1985), and ''[[Maine Pyar Kiya]]'' (1989). She sang in other movies, such as ''[[Karz (film)|Karz]]'' (1980), ''[[Ek Duuje Ke Liye]]'' (1981), ''[[Silsila (1981 film)|Silsila]]'' (1981), ''[[Prem Rog]]'' (1982), ''[[Hero (1983 film)|Hero]]'' (1983), ''[[Pyar Jhukta Nahin]]'' (1985), ''[[Ram Teri Ganga Maili]]'' (1985), ''[[Nagina (1986 film)|Nagina]]'' (1986), and ''Ram Lakhan'' (1989). Her song "Zu Zu Zu Yashoda" from ''[[Sanjog (1985 film)|Sanjog]]'' (1985) was a chartbuster.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lata Mangeshkar and Ram-Laxman are back together |url=https://www.imdb.com/news/ni0634155/ |website=IMDb |access-date=8 November 2016}}</ref> In the late 1980s, Mangeshkar made a comeback to [[Tamil cinema|Tamil]] films with two back-to-back renditions of composer [[Ilaiyaraaja]]'s songs "Aaraaro Aaraaro" and "Valai Osai", for the films ''[[Anand (1987 film)|Anand]]'' (1987) and ''[[Sathya (1988 film)|Sathya]]'' (1988), respectively.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bharatan|first=Raju|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YE-9AAAACAAJ|title=Lata Mangeshkar: A Biography|date=1995|publisher=UBS Publishers' Distributors|isbn=978-81-7476-023-4|pages=58–63|language=en}}</ref>

In the 1980s, the composer duo [[Laxmikant–Pyarelal]] had Lata sing their biggest hits—"Sheesha Ho Ya Dil Ho" in ''[[Aasha (1980 film)|Asha]]'' (1980), "Tu Kitne Baras Ka" in ''[[Karz (film)|Karz]]'' (1980), "Kitna Aasan Hai" in ''[[Dostana (1980 film)|Dostana]]'' (1980), "Hum Ko Bhi Gham" in ''[[Aas Paas]]'' (1980), "Mere Naseeb Mein" in ''[[Naseeb (1981 film)|Naseeb]]'' (1980), "Zindagi Ki Na Toote" in ''[[Kranti]]'' (1981), "Solah Baras Ki" in ''[[Ek Duuje Ke Liye]]'' (1981), "Ye Galiyan Ye Chaubara" in ''[[Prem Rog]]'' (1982), "Likhnewale Ne Likh Dale" in ''[[Arpan]]'' (1983), "Din Maheene Saal" in ''[[Avtaar]]'' (1983), "Pyar Karnewale" and "Nindiya Se Jagi" in ''[[Hero (1983 film)|Hero]]'' (1983), "Zu Zu Zu Yashoda" in ''[[Sanjog (1985 film)|Sanjog]]'' (1985), "Zindagi Har Qadam" in ''[[Meri Jung]]'' (1985), "Baith Mere Paas" in ''[[Yaadon Ki Kasam]]'' (1985), "Ungli Mein Anghoti" in ''[[Ram Avtar]]'' (1988) and "O Ramji Tere Lakhan Ne" in ''[[Ram Lakhan]]'' (1989).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/entertainment/17-Aug-2014/lata-mangeshkar-the-living-legend-part-x |title=Lata Mangeshkar — the living legend — Part X |work=DailyTimes |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722141942/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/entertainment/17-Aug-2014/lata-mangeshkar-the-living-legend-part-x |archive-date=22 July 2015}}</ref>

Some [[R. D. Burman|Rahul Dev Burman]] compositions for Lata in these years include "Aaja Sar-e-Bazaar" in ''[[Alibaba Aur 40 Chor (1980 film)|Alibaba Aur 40 Chor]]'' (1980), "Bindiya Tarase" in ''[[Phir Wohi Raat]]'' (1981), "Thodi Si Zameen" in ''[[Sitara (1980 film)|Sitara]]'' (1981), "Kya Yahi Pyar Hai" in ''[[Rocky (1981 film)|Rocky]]'' (1981), "Dekho Maine Dekha" in ''[[Love Story (1981 film)|Love Story]]'' (1981), "Tune O Rangeele" in ''[[Kudrat]]'' (1981), "Jaane Kaise Kab" in ''[[Shakti (1982 film)|Shakti]]'' (1982), "Jab Hum Jawan Honge" in ''[[Betaab]]'' (1983), which became instantly popular, "Humein Aur Jeene" in ''[[Agar Tum Na Hote]]'' (1983), "Tujhse Naraaz Nahin" in ''[[Masoom (1983 film)|Masoom]]'' (1983), "Kahin Na Ja" and "Jeevan Ke Din" in ''[[Bade Dil Wala]]'' (1983), "Jaane Kya Baat" in ''[[Sunny (1984 film)|Sunny]]'' (1984), "Bhuri Bhuri Aankhon" in ''[[Arjun (1985 film)|Arjun]]'' (1985), "Sagar Kinare" in ''[[Saagar (1985 film)|Sagar]]'' (1985), "Din Pyar Ke Aayenge" in ''[[Savere Wali Gaadi]]'' (1986). "Kya Bhala Hai Kya", "Khamosh Sa Afsana" and "Seeli Hawa Chhoo" in ''[[Libaas]]'' (1988).
Rajesh Roshan's collaboration with Dev Anand in ''[[Lootmaar]]'' and ''[[Man Pasand]]'' resulted in songs such as "Paas Ho Tum Magar Qareeb" and "Sumansudha Rajni Chandha" respectively. Lata had duets with Rafi such as "Mujhe Chhoo Rahi Hain" in ''[[Swayamwar]]'' (1980), "Kabhi Kabhi Bezubaan" in ''[[Johnny I Love You]]'' (1982), "Tujh Sang Preet" in ''[[Kaamchor]]'' (1982), "Angrezi Mein Khete Hai" in ''[[Khud-Daar]]'' (1982), "Ankhiyo Hi Ankhiyo Mein" in ''[[Nishaan]]'' (1983), "Dushman Na Kare" in ''[[Aakhir Kyon?]]'' (1985) and "Wada Na Tod" in ''[[Dil Tujhko Diya]]'' (1987), later featured in the soundtrack of the 2004 film ''[[Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/entertainment/23-Aug-2014/lata-mangeshkar-the-living-legend-part-xvi |title=Lata Mangeshkar — the living legend — Part X |work=DailyTimes |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150522112720/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/entertainment/23-Aug-2014/lata-mangeshkar-the-living-legend-part-xvi |archive-date=22 May 2015}}</ref>

[[Bappi Lahiri]] composed some songs for Lata, such as "Dooriyan Sab Mita Do" in ''[[Saboot]]'' (1980), "Baithe Baithe Aaj Aayi" in ''[[Patita (1980 film)|Patita]]'' (1980), "Jaane Kyun Mujhe" in ''[[Agreement (film)|Agreement]]'' (1980), "Thoda Resham Lagta Hai" in ''[[Jyothi (1981 film)|Jyoti]]'' (1981), "Dard Ki Ragini" in ''[[Pyaas]]'' (1982), and "Naino Mein Sapna" (duet with Kishore Kumar) in ''[[Himmatwala (1983 film)|Himmatwala]]'' (1983).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://apnaorg.com/articles/lata-3/index.shtml|title=Lata Mangeshkar — the living legend Part IX to XII|publisher=apnaorg.com}}</ref>

[[Mohammed Zahur Khayyam]] continued to work with Lata Mangeshkar during the 80s and composed songs such as "Hazaar Rahein Mud" (duet with Kishore Kumar) in ''[[Thodisi Bewafai]]'' (1980), "Simti Huyi" from ''[[Chambal Ki Kasam]]'' (1980), "Na Jane Kya Hua" in ''[[Dard (1981 film)|Dard]]'' (1981), "Chandni Raat Mein" in ''[[Dil-e-Nadaan]]'' (1982), "Dikhayi Diye" in ''[[Bazaar]]'' (1982), "Chand Ke Paas" in ''[[Dil-e-Nadaan]]'' (1982), "Bhar Lein Tumhe" and "Aaja Nindiya Aaja" from ''[[Lorie (film)|Lorie]]'' (1984) and "Kiran Kiran Mein Shokhiyan" in ''[[Ek Naya Rishta]]'' (1988).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cinemasangeet.com/lata-mangeshkar/interviews/khayyam-speaks-on-lata.html|title=Khayyam Speaks on Lata|publisher=cinemasangeet.com}}</ref>

During the 80s, Lata sang hits such as "Sun Sahiba Sun" in ''[[Ram Teri Ganga Maili]]'' (1985) for Ravindra Jain, "Chand Apna Safar" in ''[[Shama (1981 film)|Shama]]'' (1981), "Shayad Meri Shaadi" and "Zindagi Pyar Ka" in ''[[Souten]]'' (1983), "Hum Bhool Gaye Re" in ''[[Souten Ki Beti]]'' (1989) for Usha Khanna. Hridaynath Mangeshkar had "Kale Kale Gehre Saye" in ''[[Chakra (1981 film)|Chakra]]'' (1981), "Ye Ankhen Dekh Kar", and "Kuchh Log Mohabbat Ko" in ''[[Dhanwan (1981 film)|Dhanwan]]'' (1981), "Mujhe Tum Yaad Karna" in ''[[Mashaal]]'' (1984), Assamese song "Jonakore Rati" (1986) with music and lyrics by [[Bhupen Hazarika|Dr. Bhupen Hazarika]], "Jaane Do Mujhe" in ''[[Shahenshah (1988 film)|Shahenshah]]'' (1989) for Amar-Utpal, "Sajan Mera Us Paar" in ''[[Ganga Jamuna Saraswati]]'' (1988) and "Mere Pyar Ki Umar" in ''[[Waaris (1988 film)|Waaris]]'' (1989) for Uttam Jagdish.

In June 1985, the [[United Way of Canada|United Way of Greater Toronto]] invited Lata Mangeshkar to perform at [[Maple Leaf Gardens]]. At the request of [[Anne Murray]], Lata sang her song "You Needed Me". 12,000 attended the concert, which raised $150,000 for the charity.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1946&dat=19850611&id=1n0xAAAAIBAJ&pg=5832,123310|title=The Montreal Gazette - Google News Archive Search|website=news.google.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/10/12/world/no-headline-074141.html | work=The New York Times | first=Douglas | last=Martin | title=No Headline | date=12 October 1985}}</ref>
===1990s===
During the 1990s, she recorded with music directors including [[Anand–Milind]], [[Nadeem-Shravan]], [[Jatin–Lalit]], Dilip Sen-Sameer Sen, [[Uttam Singh]], [[Anu Malik]], [[Aadesh Shrivastava]] and [[A. R. Rahman]]. She recorded some non-film songs, including [[ghazal]]s with [[Jagjit Singh (singer)|Jagjit Singh]]. She has also sung with [[Kumar Sanu]], [[Amit Kumar (singer)|Amit Kumar]], [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Udit Narayan]], [[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Suresh Wadkar]], [[Mohammed Aziz]], [[Abhijeet Bhattacharya]], [[Roop Kumar Rathod]], [[Vinod Rathod]], [[Gurdas Maan]] and [[Sonu Nigam]].

In 1990, Mangeshkar launched her own production house for [[Hindi]] movies which produced the [[Gulzar]]-directed movie ''[[Lekin...]]''. She won her third [[National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer]] for her rendition of the song "Yaara Sili Sili" from the film, which was composed by her brother [[Hridaynath Mangeshkar|Hridaynath]].

Mangeshkar has sung for almost all the [[Yash Chopra]] films and films from his production house [[Yash Raj Films]] at that time, including ''[[Chandni (film)|Chandni]]'' (1989), ''[[Lamhe]]'' (1991), ''[[Darr]]'' (1993), ''[[Yeh Dillagi]]'' (1994), ''[[Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge]]'' (1995), ''[[Dil To Pagal Hai]]'' (1997) and later in ''[[Mohabbatein]]'' (2000), ''[[Mujhse Dosti Karoge!]]'' (2002) and ''[[Veer-Zaara]]'' (2004).

During 1990, Mangeshkar records with [[Raamlaxman]] in ''[[Patthar Ke Phool]]'' (1991), ''[[100 Days (1991 film)|100 Days]]'' (1991), ''[[Mehboob Mere Mehboob]]'' (1992), ''[[Saatwan Aasman]]'' (1992), ''[[I Love You (1992 film)|I Love You]]'' (1992), ''[[Dil Ki Baazi]]'' (1993), ''[[Antim Nyay]]'' (1993), ''The Melody of Love'' (1993), ''[[The Law (1994 film)|The Law]] ''(1994), ''[[Hum Aapke Hain Koun..!]]'' (1994), ''[[Megha (1996 film)|Megha]]'' (1996), ''[[Lav Kush]]'' (1997), ''Manchala'' (1999), and ''[[Dulhan Banoo Main Teri]]'' (1999).

[[A. R. Rahman]] recorded a few songs with Mangeshkar during this period, including "Jiya Jale" in ''[[Dil Se..]]'', "Khamoshiyan Gungunane Lagin" in ''[[One 2 Ka 4]]'', "Ek Tu Hi Bharosa" in ''[[Pukar (2000 film)|Pukar]]'', "Pyaara Sa Gaon" in ''[[Zubeidaa]]'', "So Gaye Hain" in ''[[Zubeidaa]]'', "Lukka Chuppi" in ''[[Rang De Basanti]]'', "O Paalanhaare" in ''[[Lagaan]]'' and ''Laadli'' in ''[[Raunaq (album)|Raunaq]]''.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/lata-mangeshkar-ar-rahman-music-raunaq/1/393368.html|title=When Lata Mangeshkar took 3-and-a-half months to record for AR Rahman|magazine=India Today}}</ref> She made an on-screen appearance in the film ''[[Pukar (2000 film)|Pukar]]'' singing "Ek Tu Hi Bharosa."

In 1994, Lata Mangeshkar released ''Shraddanjali - My Tribute to the Immortals''. The special feature of the album is that Lata offers her tributes to immortal singers of the time by rendering a few of their songs in her own voice. There are songs of [[K. L. Saigal]], [[Kishore Kumar]], [[Mohammed Rafi]], [[Hemanta Mukherjee|Hemant Kumar]], [[Mukesh (singer)|Mukesh]], [[Pankaj Mullick|Punkaj Mallick]], [[Geeta Dutt]], [[Zohrabai Ambalewali|Zohrabai]], Amirbai, Parul Ghosh and Kanan Devi.

Mangeshkar sang both [[R. D. Burman|Rahul Dev Burman]]'s first and last songs. In 1994, she sang her last song; "Kuch Na Kaho" for Rahul Dev Burman in ''[[1942: A Love Story]]''.<ref>{{cite web|last=Jha |first=Subhash K |url=http://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/2010/jun/270610-lata-mangeshkar-rd-burman-71st-birthday.htm |title=I knew him from the time he ran around in shorts |publisher=Mid-day.com |date=2010-06-27 |access-date=2014-08-06}}</ref>

In 1999, Lata Eau de Parfum, a [[perfume]] brand named after her, was launched.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.rediff.com/entertai/1999/nov/03lata.htm
| title = A perfume called Lata
| author = Suparn Verma
| work = [[Rediff.com]]
| date = 3 November 1999
| access-date = 2007-08-13
}}</ref>
She was also awarded [[Zee Cine Award for Lifetime Achievement]] the same year<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.zeecinema.com/events/zca/videos/lifetime-achievement-award-lata-mangeshkar|title=Lifetime Achievement Award: Lata Mangeshkar|date=24 August 2015|website=Zee Cinema}}</ref>
In 1999, Mangeshkar was nominated as a member of [[Rajya Sabha]].<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://rajyasabha.gov.in/publ/pandp/book2.htm
|title=Nominated Members of the Rajya Sabha
|publisher=Rajya Sabha Secretariat, Government of India
|access-date=2007-08-13
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927182238/http://rajyasabha.gov.in/publ/pandp/book2.htm
|archive-date=27 September 2007
|url-status=dead}} {{dead link|date=November 2016}}{{cbignore}}
</ref> However, she did not attend Rajya Sabha sessions regularly, inviting criticism from several members of the House, including the Deputy Chairperson [[Najma Heptullah]], [[Pranab Mukherjee]] and [[Shabana Azmi]].<ref name="toi_unequal_music">{{cite news
| url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/29780945.cms
| title = Unequal music
| author = Viral Bhayani
| newspaper = The Times of India
| date = 29 November 2002
| access-date = 2007-08-13
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
| url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/39009721.cms
| title = Straight Answers
| newspaper = The Times of India
| date = 2 March 2003
| access-date = 2007-08-13
}}</ref> She stated the reason for her absence as ill-health; it was also reported that she had not taken a salary, allowance or a house in Delhi for being a Member of Parliament.<ref name="toi_unequal_music"/><ref>{{cite news
| url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/39305376.cms
| title = Leave me alone, says Lata
| newspaper = The Times of India
| date = 5 March 2003
| access-date = 2007-08-13
}}</ref>
===2000s===
In 2001, Lata Mangeshkar was awarded the [[Bharat Ratna]], India's highest civilian honour.

In the same year, she established the Master Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital in [[Pune]], managed by the Lata Mangeshkar Medical Foundation (founded by the Mangeshkar family in October 1989). In 2005, she designed a jewellery collection called Swaranjali, which was crafted by Adora, an Indian diamond export company. Five pieces from the collection raised £105,000 at a [[Christie's]] auction, and a part of the money was donated for the [[2005 Kashmir earthquake]] relief.<ref>{{cite news
| title = Lata Mangeshkar's jewellery collection raises quake relief funds
| url = http://www.indiaglitz.com/channels/hindi/article/18569.html
| date = 28 November 2005
| access-date = 2007-08-13
}}</ref> Also in 2001, she recorded her first Hindi song with the composer [[Ilaiyaraaja]], for the film ''[[Lajja (2001 film)|Lajja]]''; she had earlier recorded [[Tamil language|Tamil]] and [[Telugu language|Telugu]] songs composed by Ilaiyaraaja.

Lata Mangeshkar's song "Wada Na Tod" was included in the film ''[[Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind]]'' (2004) and in its soundtrack.

On 21 June 2007, she released the album ''Saadgi'', featuring eight [[ghazal]]-like songs written by [[Javed Akhtar]] and composed by Mayuresh Pai.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.dnaindia.com/report.asp?NewsID=1105020
| title = Lata Mangeshkar launches new album 'Saadgi'
| work = [[Daily News & Analysis]]
| date = 21 June 2007
| access-date = 2007-08-13
}}</ref>
===2010s===
On 12 April 2011, Mangeshkar released the album ''Sarhadein: Music Beyond Boundaries'', which contains the duet "Tera Milna Bahut Acha Lage" by Mangeshkar and [[Mehdi Hassan]] (written by Pakistan's Farhad Shahzad). The album features [[Usha Mangeshkar]], [[Suresh Wadkar]], [[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Sonu Nigam]], [[Rekha Bhardwaj]] and another Pakistani singer, [[Bade Ghulam Ali Khan|Ghulam Ali]], with compositions by Mayuresh Pai and others.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/lata-mangeshkar-nevaan-nigam-steal-sarhadein--show/779445/2 |title=Lata Mangeshkar, Nevaan Nigam steal Sarhadein show |newspaper=The Indian Express|date=2011-04-22 |access-date=2014-08-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Jha |first=Pawan |title=सरहदें- एक अच्छी कोशिश
|trans-title='Border' – A good try |url=https://www.bbc.com/hindi/entertainment/2011/04/110420_sarhaden_music_review_pkp |date=21 April 2011 |website=BBC |language=hi |access-date=5 April 2019}}</ref>

After 14 years, Mangeshkar recorded a song for composer [[Nadeem-Shravan]]; "Kaise Piya Se" for [[Bewafaa (2005 film)|Bewafaa]] (2005).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/lata/20030103.htm |title=Lata records song with Nadeem — Rediff.com Movies |work=Rediff.com |date=2003-01-03 |access-date=2014-08-06}}</ref> After "Kitne Ajeeb Rishte Hain Yahan Par" for ''[[Page 3 (film)|Page 3]]'' (2005) and "Daata Sun Le" for ''[[Jail (2009 film)|Jail]]'' (2009), Shamir Tandon once again recorded a song with Mangeshkar; "Tere Hasne Sai Mujheko" for the film ''[[Satrangee Parachute]]'' (2011).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/lata-records-for-satrangee-parachute/725710/ |title=Lata records for Satrangee Parachute |newspaper=The Indian Express|date=2010-12-17 |access-date=2014-08-06}}</ref> After a hiatus, Mangeshkar came back to playback singing and recorded at her own studio the song "Jeena kya hai, jaana maine" for ''[[Dunno Y2...Life Is A Moment]]'' (2015), the sequel to Kapil Sharma's queer love story ''Dunno Y... Na Jaane Kyun''.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/entertainment/bollywood/Lata-is-back-in-playback/articleshow/35332103.cms |title=Lata is back in playback |newspaper=Mumbai Mirror |date=2014-05-19 |access-date=2014-08-06}}</ref>

On 28 November 2012, Mangeshkar launched her own music label, LM Music, with an album of [[bhajan]]s, ''Swami Samarth Maha Mantra'', composed by Mayuresh Pai. She sang with her younger sister Usha on the album.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report_lata-mangeshkar-launches-music-label-with-bhajan-album_1770588 |title=Lata Mangeshkar launches music label with 'bhajan 'album | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis |work=Daily News and Analysis|date=2012-11-28 |access-date=2014-08-06}}</ref> In 2014, she recorded a Bengali album, ''Shurodhwani'', including poetry by [[Salil Chowdhury]], also composed by Pai.{{citation needed|date=August 2016}} On 30 March 2019, Mangeshkar released the song "Saugandh Mujhe Is Mitti Ki", composed by Mayuresh Pai, as a tribute to the Indian army and nation.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Lata Mangeshkar sings poem Modi recited after Balakot airstrikes, PM says it's inspirational |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/pm-modi-poem-lata-mangeshkar-song-saugandh-mujhe-iss-mitti-ki-1490334-2019-03-30 |date=30 March 2019 |magazine=[[India Today]] |access-date=2 April 2019}}</ref>
==Bengali career==
Mangeshkar has sung 185 songs in Bengali,<ref name="thestatesman.com">{{cite web |title=Lata Mangeshkar: The nightingale's tryst with Rabindra Sangeet |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/music/lata-mangeshkar-nightingales-tryst-rabindra-sangeet-1502690352.html |website=The Statesman |access-date=4 December 2018 |date=28 September 2018}}</ref> making her debut in 1956 with the hit song "Prem Ekbari Esechilo Nirobe", composed by [[Hemant Kumar]]. The same year, she recorded "Rongila Banshite", composed by [[Bhupen Hazarika]], which was also a hit. In the late 1950s, she recorded a string of hits such as "Jaare Ude Jare Pakhi", "Na Jeona", and "Ogo Aar Kichu To Noy", all composed by [[Salil Chowdhury]], and which were respectively adapted into Hindi as "Ja Re Ud Ja Re Panchi" and "Tasveer Tere Dil Mein" in ''[[Maya (1961 film)|Maya]]'', and "O Sajna" in ''[[Parakh (1960 film)|Parakh]]''. In 1960, she recorded "Akash Pradip Jole", a smash hit even today. Later in the 1960s, she sang hits like "Ekbar Biday De Ma Ghure Ashi," "[[Saat Bhai Champa]]," "Ke Pratham Kache Esechi," "Nijhum Sandhyay," "Chanchal Mon Anmona," "Asharh Srabon," "Bolchi Tomar Kaney," and "Aaj Mon Cheyeche" by composers like [[Sudhin Dasgupta]], [[Hemant Kumar]], and Chowdhury.
==Collaboration with other singers==
From the 1940s to the 1970s, Mangeshkar sang duets with [[Asha Bhosle]], [[Suraiya]], [[Shamshad Begum]], [[Usha Mangeshkar]], [[Kishore Kumar]], [[Mohammed Rafi]], [[Mukesh (singer)|Mukesh]], [[Talat Mahmood]], [[Manna Dey]], [[Hemant Kumar]], [[G.M.Durrani]], and [[Mahendra Kapoor]]. In 1964, she sang "Chanda Se Hoga" with [[P. B. Sreenivas]] from ''[[Main Bhi Ladki Hoon]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Arunachalam|first=Param|date=2015-09-26|title=Bollywood Retrospect: Lata Mangeshkar's 10 best duets|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/column-bollywood-retrospect-lata-mangeshkar-s-10-best-duets-2128589|url-status=live|archive-url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:vUaW5IVni9YJ:https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/column-bollywood-retrospect-lata-mangeshkar-s-10-best-duets-2128589+&cd=4&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=in|archive-date=2020-10-30|access-date=2020-10-31|website=DNA India|language=en}}</ref>

Mukesh died in 1976. The 1980s saw the deaths of [[Mohammed Rafi]] and [[Kishore Kumar]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ganesh|first=Raj|date=2020-05-02|title=Lata Mangeshkar To Dedicate 100 Singers' Unique Tribute To Corona Warriors on 3 May|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/entertainment-news-lata-mangeshkar-to-dedicate-100-singers-unique-tribute-to-corona-warriors-on-may-3/351925|url-status=live|archive-url=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:etQlDEM4gBQJ:https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/entertainment-news-lata-mangeshkar-to-dedicate-100-singers-unique-tribute-to-corona-warriors-on-may-3/351925+&cd=5&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=in|archive-date=2020-10-13|access-date=2020-10-31|website=Outlookindia}}</ref> Mangeshkar's last duets with Mohammed Rafi were during the 1980s; she continued to sing with [[Shabbir Kumar]], [[Shailendra Singh (singer)|Shailendra Singh]], [[Nitin Mukesh]] (Mukesh's son), [[Manhar Udhas]], [[Amit Kumar (singer)|Amit Kumar]] (Kishore Kumar's son), [[Mohammed Aziz]], [[Vinod Rathod]], and [[S.P. Balasubrahmanyam]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bhimani|first=Harish|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vaafAAAAMAAJ|title=In Search of Lata Mangeshkar|date=1995|publisher=Indus|isbn=978-81-7223-170-5|pages=56–59|language=en}}</ref>

In the 1990s, Mangeshkar began singing duets with [[Pankaj Udhas]], [[Mohammed Aziz]], [[Abhijeet Bhattacharya]], [[Udit Narayan]], [[Kumar Sanu]], and [[Suresh Wadkar]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Gupta|first=Vinita|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=coJtCwAAQBAJ|title=Swarkokila Lata Mangeshkar|isbn=978-93-82901-88-4|pages=76–81|language=hi}}</ref> Her most notable work of the 90s was ''[[Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge]]'' with songs such as "Mere Khwabon Mein Jo Aaye", "Ho Gaya Hai Tujhko To Pyaar Sajna", "Tujhe Dekha To Yeh Jana Sanam", and "Mehndi Laga Ke Rakhna".<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bharatan|first=Raju|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YE-9AAAACAAJ|title=Lata Mangeshkar: A Biography|date=1995|publisher=UBS Publishers' Distributors|isbn=978-81-7476-023-4|pages=78–83|language=en}}</ref>

In the 2000s, Mangeshkar's duets were mainly with [[Udit Narayan]] and [[Sonu Nigam]]. 2005-06 were the years of her last well-known songs: "Kaise Piya Se" from ''[[Bewafaa (2005 film)|Bewafa]]'' and "Shayad Yehi To Pyaar Hai" from ''[[Lucky: No Time for Love]]'', with [[Adnan Sami]] and "Lukka Chhupi" in ''[[Rang De Basanti]]'' (2006 film) with [[A. R. Rahman]]. She sang "Ek Tu Hi Bharosa" from ''[[Pukar (2000 film)|Pukar]]''. Other notable songs of this decade were from ''[[Veer-Zaara]]'', sung with Udit Narayan, Sonu Nigam, [[Jagjit Singh]], [[Roop Kumar Rathod]], and [[Gurdas Mann]]. One of her latest songs was "Jeena Hai Kya" from ''Dunno Y2'' (2014).<ref>{{Cite book|last=Mangeshkar|first=Lata|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nyfIDAAAQBAJ|title=Lata Mangeshkar|date=January 0101|publisher=Prabhat Prakashan|isbn=978-81-8430-461-9|language=en}}</ref>
==Non-singing career==
===Music direction===
Lata Mangeshkar composed music for the first time in 1955 for the Marathi movie ''Ram Ram Pavhane''. Later in the 1960s, she composed music for following [[Marathi language|Marathi]] movies under the pseudonym of Anand Ghan.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/individual/83243 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070226201544/http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/individual/83243 |url-status = dead |archive-date = 2007-02-26 |title=BFI, Lata Mangeshkar}}</ref><ref name="Bhimani1995">{{cite book|author=Harish Bhimani|title=In Search of Lata Mangeshkar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vaafAAAAMAAJ|date=1 January 1995|publisher=Indus|isbn=978-81-7223-170-5|page=322}}</ref><ref name="Bharatan1995">{{cite book|author=Raju Bharatan|title=Lata Mangeshkar: A Biography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RaafAAAAMAAJ|date=1 January 1995|publisher=UBS Publishers' Distributors|isbn=978-81-7476-023-4|page=382}}</ref>
* 1960 - ''Ram Ram Pavhana''
* 1963 - ''Maratha Tituka Melvava''
* 1963 - ''Mohityanchi Manjula''
* 1965 - ''Sadhi Manase''
* 1969 - ''Tambadi Mati''
She won Maharashtra State Government's Best Music Director Award for the film ''Sadhi Manase''. The song "Airanichya Deva Tula" from the same film received best song award.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/marathi/movies/did-you-know/Music-director-Lata-Mangeshkar/articleshow/12248652.cms|title=Music director, Lata Mangeshkar - Times of India|newspaper=The Times of India|access-date=2017-02-04}}</ref>
===Production===
Lata Mangeshkar has produced four films:
* 1953 - ''Vaadal'' (Marathi)
* 1953 - ''Jhaanjhar'' (Hindi), co-produced with C. Ramchandra
* 1955 - ''Kanchan Ganga'' (Hindi)
* 1990 - ''[[Lekin...]]'' (Hindi)
==Awards and recognitions==
{{Main|List of awards received by Lata Mangeshkar}}
[[File:Lata Mangeshkar.jpg|thumb|right|Mangeshkar at the Dinanath Mangeshkar Awards announcement in 2013|200px]]
Lata Mangeshkar has won several awards and honours, including the [[Bharat Ratna]], India's highest civilian award, [[Padma Bhushan]] (1969),<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web |url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |title=Padma Awards |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India |date=2015 |access-date=21 July 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf |archive-date=15 October 2015}}</ref> [[Padma Vibhushan]] (1999), Zee Cine Award for Lifetime Achievements (1999),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.awardsandshows.com/features/zee-cine-lifetime-achievement-458.html|title=Zee Cine Lifetime Achievement Award (ZCA) - Zee Cine Lifetime Achievement Award Winners|website=awardsandshows.com}}</ref> [[Dadasaheb Phalke Award]] (1989), [[Maharashtra Bhushan Award]] (1997),<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/ie/daily/19971119/32350123.html|title=Stage set for felicitation of Lata with Maharashtra Bhushan award |newspaper=The Indian Express|access-date=2009-12-02}} {{dead link|date=January 2016}}</ref> [[NTR National Award]] (1999), [[Bharat Ratna]] (2001), [[Legion of Honour]] (2007), [[ANR National Award]] (2009), three [[National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer|National Film Awards]] and 15 [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards]]. She has also won four [[Filmfare Best Female Playback Award]]s. In 1969, she made the unusual gesture of giving up the Filmfare Best Female Playback Award in order to promote fresh talent. She was later awarded the [[Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award]] in 1993 and Filmfare Special Awards in 1994 and 2004.

In 1984, the State Government of [[Madhya Pradesh]] instituted the ''Lata Mangeshkar Award'' in honour of Lata Mangeshkar. The State Government of Maharashtra also instituted a Lata Mangeshkar Award in 1992.

In 2009, Mangeshkar was awarded the title of Officer of the French [[Legion of Honour]], France's highest order.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/arts/Lata-Mangeshkar-conferred-highest-French-honour/article16894851.ece |title=Lata Mangeshkar conferred highest French honour |newspaper=The Hindu |date=29 November 2009 |author= |access-date= 31 January 2021}}</ref>

In 2012, Mangeshkar was ranked number 10 in [[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook India's]] poll of [[the Greatest Indian]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://magazine.outlookindia.com/story/a-measure-of-the-man/281949 |title=A Measure of the Man - Outlook India Magazine |website=magazine.outlookindia.com/}}</ref>

[[Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan]] said ''kambakht, kabhi besuri na hoti'' ("[she] is never off-key").<ref>{{cite news |last=Ramnarayan |first=Gowri |title=Flight of the golden oriole |url=http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/mag/2004/01/04/stories/2004010400310500.htm |date=4 January 2004 |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=18 January 2018}} {{dead link|date=April 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> [[Dilip Kumar]] once commented, ''Lata Mangeshkar ki awaaz kudrat ki takhleek ka ek karishma hain'', meaning "Lata Mangeshkar's voice is a miracle from God".<ref>{{cite web |title=4 Things You Didn't Know About Lata Mangeshkar |url=http://agoraflux.com/4-things-you-didnt-know-about-lata-mangeshkar/ |date=2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180118122449/http://agoraflux.com/4-things-you-didnt-know-about-lata-mangeshkar/ |archive-date=18 January 2018 |website=Agora Daily Flux |department=Celebrity News |access-date=3 February 2021}} Tribute to Lata</ref>

Mangeshkar is also a recipient of honorary doctorates from the [[Sangeet Natak Akademi]] in 1989, [[Indira Kala Sangeet Vishwavidyalaya]], [[Khairagarh]], and [[Shivaji University]] in [[Kolhapur]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sangeetnatak.gov.in/sna/citation_popup.php?id=340&at=1 |title=Lata Mangeshkar |website=www.sangeetnatak.gov.in |access-date= 31 January 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sangeetnatak.gov.in/sna/Awardees.php?section=af&awtype=&page=6 |title=SNA - List of Awardees |website=www.sangeetnatak.gov.in |access-date= 31 January 2021}}</ref>
==Guinness controversy==
In 1974, ''[[The Guinness Book of Records]]'' listed Lata Mangeshkar as the most recorded artist in history, stating that she had reportedly recorded "not less than 25,000 solo, [[duet]] and chorus backed songs in 20 Indian languages" between 1948 and 1974. Her record was contested by [[Mohammad Rafi]], who was claimed to have sung around 28,000 songs.<ref name="howfair">{{cite web
| url = http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2006/aug/23sld7.htm
| title = How fair were they to Mohammad Rafi?: Page 7
| author = Raju Bharatan
| work = [[Rediff.com]]
| date = 23 August 2006
| access-date = 2007-04-28
}}</ref><ref name="how_fair_raju6">{{cite web
| url = http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2006/aug/23sld6.htm
| title = How fair were they to Mohammed Rafi?: Page 6
| author = Raju Bharatan
| work = [[Rediff.com]]
| date = 23 August 2006
| access-date = 2007-04-28
}}</ref> After Rafi's death, in its 1984 edition, the Guinness Book of World Records stated Lata Mangeshkar's name for the "Most Recordings", but also stated Rafi's claim. The later editions of Guinness Book stated that Lata Mangeshkar had sung no fewer than 30,000 songs between 1948 and 1987.<ref>{{cite news|author=Puri, Amit|title = Dedicated to Queen of Melody
| url = http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030224/login/music.htm| newspaper = [[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]], Chandigarh| date = 24 February 2003
| access-date = 2009-08-18}}</ref>

The entry was discontinued by Guinness editions in 1991 without explanation, while several sources continued to claim that she recorded thousands of songs, with estimates ranging up to figures as large as 50,000.<ref>{{cite news
| title = The nightingale of India turns 75
| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3696042.stm
| author = Chopra, Yash
| work = BBC News
| date = 28 September 2004
| access-date = 2007-08-13
| author-link = Yash Chopra
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
| title = Melody Queen Lata rings in 75th birthday quietly
| url = http://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20040929/nation.htm#12
| newspaper = [[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]], Chandigarh
| date = 29 September 2004
| access-date = 2007-08-13
}}</ref> However, even the earliest Guinness claim of 25,000 songs (between 1948 and 1974) was disputed and claimed to have been exaggerated by several others, stating that the number of songs sung by Lata Mangeshkar in [[Hindi]] films till 1991 was found to be 5025.<ref>{{cite book
| last = Nerurkar
| first = Vishwas
| title = Lata Mangeshkar Gandhar Swaryatra (1945-1989)
| language = hi
| publisher = Vasanti P. Nerukar
| location = Mumbai
}}</ref><ref>{{cite book
| last =Broughton
| first =Simon
| author2=Mark Ellingham |author3=Richard Trillo
| title=World music: The Rough Guide
| year =2000
| publisher =Rough Guides
| isbn =978-1-85828-636-5
| page =106
}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine
|magazine = [[Time (magazine)|Time]]
|title = Bollywood: Frequently Questioned answers
|author = Richard Corliss
|date = 12 August 2003
|url = http://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,475407,00.html}}</ref><ref name="Majumdar2009">{{cite book|author=Neepa Majumdar|title=Wanted cultured ladies only!: female stardom and cinema in India, 1930s-1950s|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TdM2Ben3alIC&pg=PA232|access-date=6 October 2011|date=25 September 2009|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=978-0-252-07628-2|pages=232–}}</ref> Mangeshkar herself has stated that she does not keep a record of the number of songs recorded by her, and that she did not know from where Guinness Book editors got their information.<ref>Bhatt, Punita. "A controversy in the making". ''[[Filmfare|Filmfare magazine]]''. 1–15 June 1987.</ref> In 2011, the entry was revived by ''Guinness'' crediting the record to her sister [[Asha Bhosle]] as the most recorded artist in music history, "for recording up to 11,000 solo, duet and chorus-backed songs and in over 20 Indian languages since 1947".<ref name="newrec">{{cite news|newspaper=[[DNA India]]|title=It's a world record for Asha Bhosle|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report_its-a-world-record-for-asha-bhosle_1601969|date=22 October 2011|access-date=2011-10-23|author=Banerjee, Soumyadipta}}</ref> Since 2016, current record in this category belongs to
[[P. Susheela|Pulapaka Susheela]], for recording at least 17,695 songs in 6 languages, not counting some lost early recordings.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/11000/most-studio-recordings-singles-and-albums-combined|title=Most studio recordings - singles and albums combined|publisher=GuinnessWorldRecords.com|language=en|access-date=2018-11-24}}</ref>
==See also==
{{Portal|Bollywood}}
* [[List of Indian playback singers]]
* [[List of songs by Lata Mangeshkar]]
* [[Playback singer]]
* [[Bollywood songs]]
* [[Asha Bhosle]]
* [[Mangeshkar family]]
* [[Bharat Ratna]]
* [[Padma Bhushan]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Further reading==
* {{cite book
| last = Bichu
| first = Dr. Mandar
| title = Lata — Voice of the Golden Era
| year = 2011
| publisher = Popular Prakashan
| isbn = 978-81-7991-625-4
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Bhimani
| first = Harish
| title = In search of Lata Mangeshkar
| year = 1995
| publisher = Indus
| isbn = 978-81-7223-170-5
}}
* {{cite book
| last = Bharatan
| first = Raju
| title = Lata Mangeshkar: A Biography
| year = 1995
| publisher = UBS Publishers Distributors
| isbn = 978-81-7476-023-4
}}
* {{cite book|last=Kabir|first=Nasreen Munni|author-link=Nasreen Munni Kabir|title=[[Lata Mangeshkar ...in Her Own Voice|Lata Mangeshkar: In Her Own Voice]]|year=2009|publisher=Niyogi Books|isbn=978-81-89738-41-9}}
* {{cite book
| last = Lata
| first = Mangeshkar
| editor = Madhuvanti Sapre |editor2=Dinkar Gangal
| title = In search of Lata Mangeshkar
| language = mr
| year = 1995
| publisher = Harper Collins/Indus
| isbn = 978-81-7223-170-5
}}. A collection of articles written by Lata Mangeshkar since 1952.
* {{cite book
| last = Nerurkar
| first = Vishwas
| title = Lata Mangeshkar Gandhar Swaryatra (1945-1989)
| language = hi
| publisher = Vasanti P. Nerukar
| location = Mumbai
}}.
* {{cite book
| last = Bichhu
| first = Mandar V.
| title = Gaaye Lata, Gaaye Lata
| language = hi
| year = 1996
| publisher = Pallavi Prakashan
| location = Sharjah
| isbn = 978-81-7223-170-5
}}. A collection of articles written by Lata Mangeshkar since 1952.
* {{cite book
| last = Verma
| first = Sunanda
| title = Namaste, Lata Mangeshkar! Her voice touches at least a billion hearts
| year = 2018
| publisher = The Indologist
| location = Singapore
| isbn = 978-9814782111
}}.
* {{cite book |author=Bhawana Somaaya |editor=Malvika Singh |title=Freeing the Spirit: The Iconic Women of Modern India |chapter=Lata Mangeshkar |year=2006 |publisher=New York |isbn=978-0-14-310082-9}}
==External links==
{{commons category}}
* {{IMDb name | id=0542196 | name = Lata Mangeshkar }}
{{Lata Mangeshkar}}
{{Mangeshkar family}}
{{Navboxes
| title = Awards for Lata Mangeshkar
| list =
{{Bharat Ratna}}
{{NTR National Award}}
{{Padma Vibhushan Awards}}
{{PadmaBhushanAwardRecipients 1960–69}}
{{Dadasaheb Phalke Award}}
{{National Film Award Best Female Playback Singer}}
{{FilmfareAwardBestFemaleSinger}}
{{FilmfareLifetimeAchievementAward}}
{{SangeetNatakAkademiFellowship}}
}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mangeshkar, Lata}}
[[Category:1929 births]]
[[Category:2022 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian women playback singers]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Bharat Ratna]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in arts]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in arts]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Legion of Honour]]
[[Category:Bollywood playback singers]]
[[Category:Marathi people]]
[[Category:Indian people of Goan descent]]
[[Category:Tamil playback singers]]
[[Category:Musicians from Indore]]
[[Category:Marathi playback singers]]
[[Category:Telugu playback singers]]
[[Category:Kannada playback singers]]
[[Category:Hindi-language singers]]
[[Category:Marathi-language singers]]
[[Category:Nepali-language singers]]
[[Category:Bengali-language singers]]
[[Category:Gujarati-language singers]]
[[Category:Tamil-language singers]]
[[Category:Punjabi-language singers]]
[[Category:English-language singers from India]]
[[Category:Indian performers of Islamic music]]
[[Category:Dadasaheb Phalke Award recipients]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Maharashtra Bhushan Award]]
[[Category:Malayalam playback singers]]
[[Category:Bhojpuri cinema]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian singers]]
[[Category:Indian women classical singers]]
[[Category:Women musicians from Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Singers from Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women singers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women singers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian singers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian composers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian composers]]
[[Category:Gujarati people]]
[[Category:Mangeshkar family|Lata]]
[[Category:Best Female Playback Singer National Film Award winners]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women musicians]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women musicians]]
[[Category:Music of Bengal]]
[[Category:20th-century women composers]]
[[Category:21st-century women composers]]

Vijay Mallya

2022-01-20T09:33:26Z

Ctoi: /* Accusations */

{{short description|Indian businessman and politician}}
{{pp-vand|small=yes}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{Use British English|date=June 2012}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Vijay Mallya
| image = Vijaymallya.jpg
| caption = Mallya in 2008
| birth_name = Vijay Vittal Mallya
| nickname = King of Good Times<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/18/business/vijay-mallya-extradition.html | title=Vijay Mallya, Once India's 'King of Good Times', Is Arrested in London | newspaper=[[New York Times]] | first1=Amie |last1=Tsang |first2=Hari |last2=Kumar | date=18 April 2017 | access-date=7 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=India's former 'King of Good Times' beer baron Vijay Mallya, is arrested in London | newspaper=Los Angeles Times | first1=Shashank |last1=Bengali |first2=M. N. |last2=Parth | date=18 April 2017 | url=https://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-india-tycoon-20170418-story.html | access-date=7 March 2018}}</ref>
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1955|12|18}}<ref name="mallyainparliament.in"/>
| party = [[Independent (politician)|Independent]]
| office = [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha]]
| term_start = 1 July 2010
| term_end = 2 May 2016<ref name=MallyaResignsHindu2May2016/>
| term_start1 = 10 April 2002
| term_end1 = 9 April 2009
| constituency1 = [[Karnataka]]
| occupation = {{hlist|Businessman|politician}}
| nationality = Indian
| signature = Signature of Vijay Mallya.svg
| spouse = {{marriage|Sameera Tyabjee Mallya|1986|1987|reason=divorced}} {{marriage|Rekha Mallya|1993}}
| parents = [[Vittal Mallya]] (father) Lalitha Ramaiah Mallya (mother)
| children = 4, including [[Siddharth Mallya]]
| residence = London, England
| alma_mater = [[La Martinière Calcutta]] [[St. Xavier's College, Kolkata]]
}}
'''Vijay Vittal Mallya''' (born 18 December 1955) is an Indian businessman<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/list-of-fugitive-economic-offenders-living-abroad/article24600603.ece|title=List of fugitive economic offenders living abroad|author=The Hindu Net Desk|date=2018-08-04|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-08-20|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> and former [[Member of Parliament (India)|Member of Parliament]] ([[Rajya Sabha]]). He is the subject of an [[extradition]] effort by the [[Indian Government]] to return him from the UK to face charges of financial crimes in India.<ref name="ndtv20181210">{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/vijay-mallya-to-be-extradited-says-uk-judge-1960513|title=Vijay Mallya To Be Extradited Rules London Court: 10 Points|date=December 10, 2018|website=NDTV.com}}</ref>

The son of a businessman who was also in the [[alcoholic beverage]]s business, Mallya is the ex-chairman of [[United Spirits]], the largest spirits company in India, and continues to serve as chairman of [[United Breweries Group]], an Indian [[Conglomerate (company)|conglomerate]] with interests including beverage alcohol, aviation infrastructure, [[real estate]] and [[fertilizer]]. He has been the chairman of [[Sanofi]] India (previously known as [[Hoechst AG]] and Aventis) and the chairman of [[Bayer#Bayer CropScience|Bayer CropScience]] in India for over 20 years, and the chairman of several other companies.<ref name="tofler.in">{{Cite web|url=https://www.tofler.in/blog/indian-companies-in-news/10-companies-vijay-mallya-is-a-director-in/|title=10 Companies Vijay Mallya is a Director in|website=www.tofler.in|language=en-US|access-date=14 July 2017}}</ref> Mallya was also the founder and former owner of defunct [[Kingfisher Airlines]] and former co-owner of the [[Force India]] Formula One team before it went into [[Administration in United Kingdom law|administration]]. He is also a former owner of the [[Royal Challengers Bangalore]] cricket team.
==Early and personal life==
Vijay Mallya is the son of [[Vittal Mallya]]<ref name="mallyainparliament.in">[http://www.mallyainparliament.in/about.htm Vijay Mallya Rajya Sabha MP] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513153702/http://www.mallyainparliament.in/about.htm|date=13 May 2012}} Mallyainparliament.in. (Retrieved 2014-06-04).</ref> from [[Bantwal]], [[Mangalore]], [[Karnataka]]. Born to Vittal Mallya and Lalitha Ramaiah. Vittal Mallya was the Chairman of [[United Breweries Group]].<ref name="Portal">{{cite web |url=http://india.gov.in/my-government/indian-parliament/vijay-mallya|title=Vijay Mallya|website=India.gov.in: National Portal of India |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130603192045/http://india.gov.in/my-government/indian-parliament/vijay-mallya|archive-date=3 June 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> Vijay Mallya was educated at [[La Martiniere Calcutta|La Martinière Calcutta]], where he was appointed House Captain of Hastings house in his final year, and at [[St. Xavier's College, Kolkata]],<ref name="mallyainparliament.in" /><ref>Mathew, Fr. P.C., S.J., "[http://www.sxccal.edu/aims.htm Aims and Objectives] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918090441/http://www.sxccal.edu/aims.htm|date=18 September 2010}}", St. Xavier's College, Kolkata (accessed May 2014).</ref> where he graduated with a [[Bachelor of Commerce]] degree (with honours) in 1976.<ref name="mallyainparliament.in" /><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/business/2017/may/12/the-dethroned-king-of-good-times-1604123.html |title=The dethroned king of good times|work=The New Indian Express |access-date=14 July 2017}}</ref> While in college, Mallya interned in his family's businesses. After graduating, he interned at the American part of [[Hoechst AG]] in the United States.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dSEoAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT17|title=The Vijay Mallya Story |last=Giriprakash |first=K. |date=2014-04-15|publisher=Penguin UK|isbn=9789351186229|language=en}}</ref>

In 1986, he met and married Sameera Sharma, an air hostess of [[Air India]]. They have one son, [[Siddharth Mallya]], who was born on 7 May 1987.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.bornrich.com/sidhartha-mallya.html|title=Sidhartha Mallya|date=2011-12-21|work=Bornrich|access-date=14 July 2017|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=http://daily.bhaskar.com/news/CEL-unseen-pictures-of-vijay-mallya-and-wives-4087634-PHO.html|title=Unseen pictures of Vijay Mallya and wives|date=2012-11-27|work=DailyBhaskar|access-date=14 July 2017|language=en}}</ref> They were divorced shortly afterwards, although Mallya has stated in interviews that he has a "great relationship" with his first wife.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-my-life-is-an-open-book-vijay-mallya-1025361|title=My life is an open book: Vijay Mallya|date=2006-04-21|work=[[Daily News & Analysis]]|access-date=14 July 2017|language=en-US}}</ref> In June 1993, Mallya married his current wife Rekha, whom he had known since childhood, and together they have two daughters, Leanna and Tanya.<ref name="mallyainparliament.in" /><ref>[https://india.gov.in/my-government/indian-parliament/vijay-mallya Parliamentary Profile]. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140501235622/http://india.gov.in/my-government/indian-parliament/vijay-mallya|date=1 May 2014}}. India.gov.in (18 December 1955). Retrieved on 2016-07-17.</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/relationships/love-sex/I-do-I-do-I-do-/articleshow/6451104.cms|title=I do, I do, I do...|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=14 July 2017}}</ref> Rekha was previously married twice, and also has a daughter and son, Leila and Kabir, from a previous marriage.<ref name="Portal" /><ref name=":4" /> Mallya adopted Rekha's daughter Leila.<ref name=":2" /> He is reported to be preparing to marry for the third time, to former Kingfisher Airlines air-hostess Pinky Lalwani.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/fugitive-vijay-mallya-all-set-to-get-married-for-the-third-time/articleshow/63520062.cms|title=Fugitive Vijay Mallya all set to get married for the third time |date=28 March 2018|website=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=15 February 2019}}</ref>

Generally characterized as having an extravagant lifestyle, Mallya was reported in 2005 to be someone who prays every day and conducts the entire 42-day [[Sabarimala]] fast every year while wearing only black clothing, and to be a devout follower of [[Ravi Shankar (spiritual leader)|Sri Sri Ravi Shankar]] and the [[Art of Living Foundation]].<ref name=":1" />

Vijay Mallya is an ardent devotee of [[Lord Venkateshwara]] of [[Tirupati]], [[Sabarimala|Sabarimala Ayyappa]] and [[Kukke Subrahmanya]]. On his 59th birthday in 2012, he offered 3 kgs of gold bricks to [[Venkateswara Temple, Tirumala]]. In 2012, he also donated {{INRConvert|8|m}} gold-plated doors for [[Kukke Subrahmanya]]. These were done at a time when the [[Kingfisher Airlines]] owned by him had to be shut down due to huge financial loses.<ref>{{cite news|title=Vijay Mallya offers 3kg gold to Lord Venkateswara on his 58th birthday|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/south/story/kingfisher-airlines-vijay-mallya-lord-venkateswara-shrine-124646-2012-12-18|publisher=India Today|access-date=18 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Vijay Mallya offers gold-plated doors worth Rs 80 lakh to Lord Subrahmanya|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/vijay-mallya-offers-gold-plated-doors-worth-rs-80-lakh-to-lord-subrahmanya-114151-2012-08-23|publisher=India Today|access-date=23 August 2012}}</ref>
==Business and career==
He is the ex-chairman of [[United Spirits]], the largest spirits company in India, and continues to serve as chairman of [[United Breweries Group]], an Indian conglomerate with interests including beverage alcohol, aviation infrastructure, real estate and fertilizer. He has been the chairman of [[Sanofi]] India (previously known as [[Hoechst AG]] and Aventis) and the chairman of [[Bayer CropScience Limited|Bayer CropScience]] in India for over 20 years, and the chairman of several other companies.<ref name="tofler.in"/>

The son of businessman [[Vittal Mallya]], he became the chairman of [[United Breweries Group]] in 1983 at the age of 28, following his father's death.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.livemint.com/Companies/1YrLuntaxmNyeNoYFbUX1L/How-Vijay-Mallya-inherited-an-empire-and-then-proceeded-to-l.html|title=How Vijay Mallya inherited an empire and proceeded to lose it|last=Dalal|first=Mihir|date=26 February 2016 |work=Mint|access-date=14 July 2017}}</ref> Since then, the group has grown into a multi-national conglomerate of over 60 companies, with an annual turnover which increased by 64% over 15 years to US$11 billion in 1998–1999. Over the years, he has diversified and acquired [[Berger Paints]], Best and Crompton in 1988; Mangalore Chemicals and Fertilisers in 1990; ''[[The Asian Age]]'' newspaper and the publisher of film magazines, and ''[[Cine Blitz]]'', a Bollywood magazine in 2001.<ref>{{cite web | title = Diageo-USL deal puts to test Mallya's credentials |publisher=[[Mint (newspaper)|Live Mint]]| url = http://www.livemint.com/Home-Page/ltAz4H445V3fEeceY8ghOL/Mallya.html |date=9 November 2012| access-date = 30 July 2014 |first=Mihir |last=Dalal}}</ref>

United's [[Kingfisher (beer)|Kingfisher beer]] has a more than 50% market share in India.<ref name="money.livemint.com">{{cite web|url=http://money.livemint.com/IID93/F106285/AccountingPolicies/Company.aspx|title=Accounting Policy, Bayer CropScience Ltd.|website=[[Mint (newspaper)|Live Mint]]|access-date=2 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131212080849/http://money.livemint.com/IID93/F106285/AccountingPolicies/Company.aspx|archive-date=12 December 2013|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}} (section 4.1)</ref> It is available in 52 other countries, and leads among Indian beers in the international market.<ref name="money.livemint.com"/>

[[United Spirits Ltd]], the flagship company of the UB Group, achieved the milestone of selling 100 million cases, becoming the second-largest spirits company in the world by volume, under Mallya's chairmanship.<ref name="money.livemint.com"/> In 2012, Mallya ceded management control of United Spirits Limited to global spirits giant [[Diageo]], retaining a minority stake in the business.<ref name=Forbes>"[https://www.forbes.com/profile/vijay-mallya/ India's Richest #84 Vijay Mallya]", ''[[Forbes]]'' (accessed May 2014).</ref> In February 2015 Mallya was forced to resign as chairman of United Spirits, and he contracted to receive a $75 million severance payment as part of that deal, but the courts in India have blocked that payment.<ref name="TIE20160313">{{cite news|last1=Narayan|first1=Khushboo|last2=Johnson|first2=T A|last3=Vikraman|first3=Shaji|title=Vijay Mallya: Once upon a time there was a king|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/sunday-story-once-upon-a-time-there-was-a-king-vijay-mallya/|access-date=13 March 2016|work=[[The Indian Express]]|date=13 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="WSJ20160308">{{cite news|last1=Rana|first1=Preetika|title=Vijay Mallya's Severance Payment From Diageo Halted by Indian Tribunal|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2016/03/08/vijay-mallyas-severance-payment-from-diageo-halted-by-indian-tribunal/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308085837/http://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2016/03/08/vijay-mallyas-severance-payment-from-diageo-halted-by-indian-tribunal/|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 March 2016|access-date=13 March 2016|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|date=8 March 2016}}</ref>

[[Kingfisher Airlines]], established in 2005, was a major business venture launched by Mallya.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140306064331/http://www.firstbiz.com/corporate/is-vijay-mallya-indias-worst-businessman-31640.html "Is Vijay Mallya India's worst businessman?"],{{dead link|date=November 2020}} ''[[First Post (India)|FirstBiz (First Post Business)]]'', 27 September 2012.</ref> It eventually became insolvent and had to be closed down.<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/business/companies/nonbailable-arrest-warrant-issued-against-vijay-mallya/article3991252.ece "Non-bailable arrest warrant issued against Vijay Mallya]", ''[[The Hindu]]'', 12 October 2012.</ref><ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20121015002102/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/cheques-bounce-case-warrant-against-kingfisher-vijay-mallya-on-gmrs-complaint/300085-7.html Cheques bounce case: Warrant against Kingfisher, Vijay Mallya on GMR's complaint]", ''[[CNN-IBN]]'', 12 October 2012.</ref> As of October 2013, it had not paid salaries to its employees for 15 months, had lost its licence to operate as an airline, and owed more than US$1 billion in bank loans.<ref name=Forbes/> By November 2015, the amount owed to the banks had grown to at least $1.35 billion, and there were other debts owed for taxes and to numerous small creditors.<ref name="TIE20160313" /> As part of the Kingfisher collapse, Mallya is accused of being a "willful defaulter" under Indian law, including accusations of money laundering, misappropriation, etc.<ref name="TIE20160313" /><ref name="TIE20160311">{{cite news|title=What is Vijay Mallya accused of?|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/explained/what-is-vijay-mallya-accused-of/|access-date=13 March 2016|work=[[The Indian Express]]|date=11 March 2016}}</ref>

In March 2016, a consortium of banks approached the [[Supreme Court of India]] to stop Mallya from going abroad due to the pending money his companies owed them. As per media reports, he had already left India.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/13-banks-move-sc-to-stop-vijay-mallya-but-hes-already-left-india/articleshow/51322519.cms |title=13 banks move SC to stop Vijay Mallya but he has already left India |work=[[The Economic Times]] |date=9 March 2016 |access-date=4 December 2017 |first=Dhananjay |last=Mahapatra}}</ref> On 13 March 2016 a court in Hyderabad issued a non-bailable warrant for Mallya's arrest, but it appears he is remaining at his country estate near London, England, while his lawyer contests the warrant with a higher court.<ref name="TOI20160313">{{cite news|title=Hyderabad court issues non-bailable warrant against Vijay Mallya|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Court-issues-non-bailable-warrant-against-Vijay-Mallya/articleshow/51382023.cms|access-date=13 March 2016|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=13 March 2016}}</ref><ref name="IBN20160312">{{cite news|last1=Suri|first1=Sanjay|title=Vijay Mallya still at UK country home, seeks expensive legal opinion|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/india/vijay-mallya-still-at-uk-country-home-seeks-expensive-legal-opinion-1215180.html|access-date=13 March 2016|work=[[CNN-IBN]]|date=12 March 2016}}</ref> On 18 April 2016, a special court in [[Mumbai]] also issued an undated non-bailable [[arrest warrant]] against the businessman. This was issued in response to a plea by the [[Enforcement Directorate]] on 15 April before the special court hearing cases under the [[Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Mumbai court issues non-bailable warrant against Vijay Mallya in money laundering case|url=http://www.abplive.in/business/non-bailable-arrest-warrant-issued-against-mallya-324550|access-date=19 April 2016|work=IANS|publisher=ABP Live|date=18 April 2016}}</ref> There were allegations on him that he transferred {{INRConvert|4000|c}} to tax havens.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.actnownews.com/fooling-everyone-vijay-mallya-allegedly-transferred-rs-4000-crore-to-tax-havens/|title=Vijay Mallya Allegedly Transferred Rs 4,000 Crore To Tax Havens by fooling everyone|work=Act Now News|access-date=25 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506180346/http://www.actnownews.com/fooling-everyone-vijay-mallya-allegedly-transferred-rs-4000-crore-to-tax-havens/|archive-date=6 May 2016|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/did-vijay-mallya-s-company-transfer-rs-4-000-crores-to-a-tax-haven-116031500045_1.html|title=Did Vijay Mallya's company transfer Rs 4,000 crores to a tax haven?|author=Dev Chatterjee & PTI|newspaper=Business Standard India|date=15 March 2016}}</ref>

In June 2016, the Enforcement Directorate (ED) reported it had "provisionally attached" {{INRConvert|14.11|b}} rupees worth of Mallya's Indian assets and properties against unpaid loans totalling {{INRConvert|8.07|b}}.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/ED-attaches-assets-worth-Rs.1411-crore-of-Vijay-Mallya/article14422180.ece|title=ED attaches assets worth Rs.1,411 crore of Vijay Mallya|last=Pandey|first=Devesh|work=The Hindu|access-date=26 February 2017|language=en}}</ref><ref name="TNIE20160611">{{cite news|title=Vijay Mallya properties worth Rs 1,411 cr. attached by ED |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/Vijay-Mallya-properties-worth-Rs-1411-cr-attached-by-ED/2016/06/11/article3477854.ece|access-date=11 June 2016|work=[[The New Indian Express]]|date=11 June 2016}}</ref> On 3 September, it issued a second attachment order for a further {{INRConvert|66.30|b}} worth of Mallya's assets, including a farmhouse, shares in United Breweries and multiple flats in Bengaluru valued at {{INRConvert|5.65|b}}.<ref name="TNIE20160903">{{cite news|title=ED attaches Mallya's assets worth Rs 6,630 crore including his farmhouse, flats |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/ED-attaches-Mallyas-assets-worth-Rs-6630-crore-including-his-farmhouse-flats/2016/09/03/article3610805.ece|access-date=3 September 2016|work=[[The New Indian Express]]|date=3 September 2016}}</ref> By December 2016, the ED has attached a total of {{INRConvert|96.61|b}} worth of assets of Mallya and Kingfisher in India.<ref>{{cite news|title=Vijay Mallya's shares worth Rs1620 crore attached|access-date=24 January 2017|url=http://www.livemint.com/Companies/QcXHcqTOlbEyP4bKohsxpM/Vijay-Mallyas-shares-worth-Rs1620-crore-attached.html}}</ref> This is one of the largest attachment of assets made by the ED in a Prevention of Money Laundering Act case till now.<ref>{{cite news|title=Vijay Mallya PMLA case: ED seizes fresh assets worth Rs. 1,600 crore| access-date=24 January 2017| url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Vijay-Mallya-PMLA-case-ED-seizes-fresh-assets-worth-Rs.-1600-crore/article16442976.ece}}</ref> The ED also decided to send [[letters rogatory]] (LR) to the US, the UK and Europe requesting them to assist it in attachment of Mallya's over ten foreign assets.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/democracy-liberal-enough-in-uk-for-defaulters-to-stay-jaitley/article17371267.ece|title=Democracy liberal enough in U.K. for defaulters to stay: Jaitley|last=PTI|work=The Hindu|access-date=26 February 2017|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=ED to send LRs for attaching Vijay Mallya's foreign properties|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/business/companies/ed-to-send-lrs-for-attaching-vijay-mallyas-foreign-properties-4379554/|access-date=24 January 2017 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=17 November 2017 }}</ref>

In July 2020, Indian media reported that Mallya had offered a settlement package of {{INRConvert|139.60|b|lk=|year=2020}} as against a total principal amount of {{INRConvert|90|b|lk=|year=2020}} to the consortium of Indian bankers pursuing litigation against him; this settlement was not accepted by the bankers.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Jul 17|first1=Dhananjay Mahapatra {{!}} TNN {{!}} Updated|last2=2020|last3=Ist|first3=07:55|title=Vijay Mallya offers settlement package of Rs 13,960 crore - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/vijay-mallya-offers-to-pay-up-but-govt-is-not-interested/articleshow/77009259.cms|access-date=2020-07-19|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Vijay Mallya makes last-ditch effort to avoid jail, offers settlement package of Rs 13,960 crore|url=https://www.businesstoday.in/current/economy-politics/vijay-mallya-makes-last-ditch-effort-to-avoid-jail-offers-settlement-package-of-rs-13960-crore/story/410165.html|access-date=2020-07-19|website=www.businesstoday.in}}</ref>
==Political career==
[[File:Vijay Mallya 300.jpg|thumb|upright|Mallya in 2010]]
Previously a member of the [[Akhila Bharata Janata Dal]], Mallya joined the [[Subramanian Swamy]]-led [[Janata Party]] in 2003 and was its National Working President until 2010.<ref>{{cite web | title=Vijay Mallya joins Janata Party | website=Rediff.com | url=http://www.rediff.com/news/2003/apr/14mallya1.htm | access-date=15 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=Vijay Mallya removed as Working President of Janata Party | newspaper=Business Standard India | date=8 June 2010 | url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/vijay-mallya-removed-as-working-president-of-janata-party-110060800197_1.html | access-date=15 March 2016| agency=Press Trust of India }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Steering clear of the limelight by Aravind Gowda | website=India Today | date=26 February 2014 | url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/aravind-gowda-on-lok-sabha-election-scenario-in-karnataka/1/345589.html | access-date=15 March 2016}}</ref> He was elected to the [[Rajya Sabha]] as independent member twice from his home state of Karnataka, first in 2002 with the support of the [[Janata Dal (Secular)]] and [[Indian National Congress]] and then in 2010 with the support of the [[Janata Dal (Secular)]] and [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.india.com/news/india/both-bjp-congress-had-backed-vijay-mallyas-rajya-sabha-membership-1030313|title=Both BJP, Congress had backed Vijay Mallya's Rajya Sabha membership|website=[[India News, India.com]]|date=14 March 2016|access-date=14 March 2016}}</ref>

On 2 May 2016, Mallya resigned from his post as a Rajya Sabha MP, a week after the Rajya Sabha ethics panel declared that he should no longer be a member of the House and one day before the panel was set to meet again to recommend his expulsion.<ref name=MallyaResignsHindu2May2016>{{cite news | author=PTI | title=Vijay Mallya resigns from Rajya Sabha | website=[[The Hindu]] | date=2 May 2016 | url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/vijay-mallya-resigns-from-rajya-sabha/article8547747.ece | access-date=2 May 2016}}</ref> He had left India during this time,<ref name=":0" /> and his passport had been revoked.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2016/04/24/vijay-mallya-passport-revked_n_9766594.html|title=Vijay Mallya's Passport Revoked By Ministry Of External Affairs|website=[[Huffington Post India]]|date=24 April 2016|access-date=14 July 2017}}</ref> In his resignation letter, Mallya said he was "shocked that the Department of Financial Services, Ministry of Finance, Government of India has provided factually wrong information to a Parliament Committee" and that he was resigning because he had concluded that he would "not get a fair trial or justice".<ref name=MallyaResignsHindu2May2016/>
== Controversies ==
Once called the "King of Good Times" due to his extravagant lifestyle, Mallya and his companies have been embroiled in financial scandals, and controversies since 2012.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=http://profit.ndtv.com/news/budget/article-vijay-mallya-left-country-on-march-2-government-lawyer-tells-court-1285360|title=Vijay Mallya Left Country On March 2, Government Tells Supreme Court|website=[[NDTV]]|access-date=14 July 2017}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/money/2005/apr/08mallya.htm|title=Vijay Mallya: Mr High Spirits|website=www.rediff.com|access-date=14 July 2017}}</ref> Mallya left India on 2 March 2016 after saying he wanted to move to Britain to be closer to his children.<ref name=":0" /> A group of 17 Indian banks are trying to collect approximately {{INRConvert|90|b}} in loans which Mallya has allegedly routed to gain 100% or a partial stake in about 40 companies across the world. Several agencies including the [[Income Tax Department]] and the [[Central Bureau of Investigation]] are investigating Mallya for charges including financial fraud and money laundering,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/kingfisher-airlines-loan-default-case-fraud-office-probes-17-firms-who-took-loans-to-fund-vijay-mallya/|title=Money laundering case: Fraud Office probes 17 firms who took loans to fund Vijay Mallya|date=2016-03-12|work=The Indian Express|access-date=14 July 2017|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/money/report-vijay-mallya-may-have-routed-bank-loans-to-invest-in-over-40-companies-report-2207605|title=Vijay Mallya may have routed bank loans to invest in over 40 companies: report |date=2016-04-30|work=[[Daily News & Analysis]]|access-date=14 July 2017|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Vijay-Mallya-King-of-bad-times/listshow/51321509.cms|title=Vijay Mallya: King of bad times |website=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=14 July 2017}}</ref> and the [[Attorney General of India|Attorney General]] said that Mallya's assets abroad are "far in excess to loans taken by him".<ref name=":0" /> The 17 banks added a joint petition at the [[Supreme Court of India]] in March 2016 to try to prevent Mallya from leaving the country, but the Indian government indicated that he had already left. The [[Enforcement Directorate]] of India also filed a money laundering case against him in March 2016 for allegedly sending abroad some {{INRconvert|9|b}} that had been loaned to his airline.<ref name=":0" />

On 24 April 2016, the [[Ministry of External Affairs (India)]] revoked Mallya's passport,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/industry/banking-finance/sbi-seeks-vijay-mallyas-arrest-in-kingfisher-loan-default-case/218885/|title=SBI seeks Vijay Mallya's arrest in Kingfisher loan default case|date=2016-03-03|work=[[The Financial Express (India)|The Financial Express]]|access-date=14 July 2017|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2016/04/24/vijay-mallya-passport-revked_n_9766594.html|title=Vijay Mallya's Passport Revoked By Ministry Of External Affairs|website=[[Huffington Post India]]|date=24 May 2016|access-date=14 July 2017}}</ref> and he resigned from the [[Rajya Sabha]] on 2 May 2016, the day before their Ethics Committee was prepared to recommend his expulsion.<ref name=MallyaResignsHindu2May2016/> Currently the Enforcement Directorate is seeking [[Interpol]] to raise an international arrest warrant against Mallya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/business/companies/vijay-mallya-enforcement-directorate-interpol-red-corner-notice-2796621/|title=ED seeks Interpol Red Corner notice against Vijay Mallya|date=2016-05-13|work=The Indian Express|access-date=14 July 2017|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/external-affairs-ministry-awaits-ed-notice-to-officially-extradite-mallya/article8586313.ece|title=External Affairs Ministry awaits ED notice to officially extradite Mallya|last=Basu|first=Nayanima|date=2016-05-11|work=The Hindu Business Line|access-date=14 July 2017|language=en}}</ref> Also, the [[High Court of Judicature at Hyderabad]] issued a non-bailable warrant against Mallya on 13 March 2016 for his failure to appear in the court regarding an allegation of cheating the [[GMR Group|GMR Hyderabad International Airport Ltd]] by issuing them a [[Non-sufficient funds|dishonoured cheque]] for {{INRConvert|5|m}}.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Court-issues-non-bailable-warrant-against-Vijay-Mallya/articleshow/51382023.cms|title=Hyderabad court issues non-bailable warrant against Vijay Mallya |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=14 July 2017}}</ref>

On 13 June 2016, the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA) court declared Mallya a "proclaimed offender" on a request by the Enforcement Directorate (ED) in connection with its money laundering probe against him in an alleged {{INRConvert|90|b}} loan default case.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/Court-declares-Mallya-a-proclaimed-offender/article14422240.ece |title=Court declares Mallya a proclaimed offender |first=Sonam |last=Saigal |work=[[The Hindu]] |date=14 June 2016 |access-date=4 December 2017}}</ref>

Mallya co-owned the [[Formula One]] team [[Force India]] from 2007 to 2018. In the middle of the [[2018 Formula One World Championship|2018 Formula One season]], Sahara Force India went into administration due to financial trouble.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://auto.ndtv.com/news/force-india-f1-team-future-secured-marks-end-of-vijay-mallya-era-1897066| title=Force India F1 Team Future Secured, Marks End Of Vijay Mallya Era| author=Cyrus Dhabhar| publisher=Car and Bike| access-date=24 August 2018}}</ref> In August 2018 the team's assets were purchased by [[Racing Point F1 Team]], and continued to race under the Force India name for the remainder of the 2018 season.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.autosport.com/f1/news/138209/how-the-fia-used-its-own-rules-to-save-force-india| title=How the FIA used little-known Formula 1 rules to save Force India| author=Adam Cooper| publisher=Autosport| access-date=2 December 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/racing/top-stories/vijay-mallya-quits-as-indias-top-representative-to-fia/articleshow/59545477.cms|title=Vijay Mallya quits as India's top representative to FIA |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=14 July 2017}}</ref>
=== Accusations ===
On 18 April 2017, Mallya was arrested by the UK Metropolitan Police extradition unit "on behalf of the Indian authorities in relation to accusations of fraud", and was released on bail pending further consideration of the case.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-39627135|title=Indian tycoon Vijay Mallya bailed in UK|date=18 April 2017|work=[[BBC News]]|access-date=14 July 2017|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/mallya-extradition-case-hearing-at-uk-court-tomorrow/article18967535.ece|title=Mallya extradition case hearing today in U.K.|work=The Hindu|access-date=14 July 2017|language=en}}</ref> On 9 May 2017, the [[Supreme Court of India]] found Mallya guilty of [[contempt of court]] and summoned him to appear on 10 July.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/vijay-mallya-found-guilty-of-contempt-of-court-by-supreme-court-1691217|title=Vijay Mallya Misled Us On Wealth, Says Supreme Court, Hauls Him For Contempt|work=[[NDTV]]|access-date=14 July 2017}}</ref> When he failed to appear, the Supreme Court said the contempt case would only proceed further after he is produced before the court.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/sc-demands-vijay-mallyas-presence-to-proceed-in-contempt-case/articleshow/59594539.cms |title=SC demands Vijay Mallya's presence to proceed in contempt case |date=14 July 2017 |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref> Mallya dismissed the proceedings against him – calling the situation a "witch hunt".<ref name=Witch/> He said "I have done absolutely nothing wrong. In fact I am glad that it is finally before a UK court and an impartial court. So we wait and see how it plays out."<ref name=Witch>{{cite news |url=http://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/fugitive-vijay-mallya-who-owes-the-country-1-4-billion-says-there-s-nothing-to-miss-about-india-325832.html |title=Fugitive Vijay Mallya Who Owes the Country $1.4 Billion, Says There's Nothing to Miss about India |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=14 July 2017 |access-date=26 July 2017}}</ref> In the meantime, he is not allowed to leave Britain, but he said that is no hardship for him.<ref name=Witch/> He said "There's nothing to miss" for him about India, since his immediate family has all moved to England or the United States.<ref name=Witch/>

On 3 October 2017, Mallya was arrested as part of a money-laundering case in London and was released on bail.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/vijay-mallya-arrested-in-london-in-money-laundering-case/articleshow/60925479.cms|title=Vijay Mallya arrested in London in money laundering case, gets bail |website=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=4 October 2017}}</ref>

An appeal to extradite him from Britain was filed on charges of bank fraud estimated at {{INRConvert|90|b}}. The final hearing on extradition will be held at the Westminster Magistrate's Court on July 31.

Mallya is on bail since his arrest on an extradition warrant in April 2017. Mallya is fighting an extradition case in the UK. On 16 June 2018 Vijay Mallya was ordered to pay £200,000 (₹18.1 million) to Indian banks by a United Kingdom court. He was also asked to pay money towards registration of worldwide freezing order and of Karnataka's Debt Recovery Tribunal (DRT). Vijay Mallya has to pay dues to 13 banks namely- SBI, BOB, Corporation Bank, Federal Bank Ltd, IDBI Bank, Indian Overseas Bank, J&K Bank, Punjab and Sind Bank, PNB, State Bank of Mysore, UCO Bank, UBI and JM Financial Asset Reconstruction Co. Pvt Ltd.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://in.finance.yahoo.com/news/vijay-mallya-ordered-pay-200-055336010.html|title=Vijay Mallya ordered to pay £200,000 to Indian banks}}</ref> The consortium attempted to gain possession of Mallya's £20 million property on [[Cornwall Terrace]] in London, but Mallya claimed it was owned by his mother.<ref name="Yahoo">{{cite news |last1=Saikia |first1=Gogona |title=Mallya says his UK properties aren't his.So whose are they? |url=https://in.news.yahoo.com/mallya-says-uk-properties-aren-131607172.html |access-date=3 July 2019 |work=Yahoo News India |date=11 July 2018}}</ref>

[[UBS]] went to court in 2018, seeking to evict Mallya, his son Sidhartha and his mother Lalith from Cornwall Terrace. A trial was set for May 2019.<ref name="Canton">{{cite news |last1=Canton |first1=Naomi |title=UK judge throws out most of Mallya's arguments as he makes desperate bid to hang on to London mansion |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/66758233.cms |access-date=3 July 2019 |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=23 November 2018}}</ref> The trial did not go ahead since Mallya drew up a settlement with UBS. According to the terms of the agreement, Mallya can remain in the property and if the mortgage is not repaid by April 2020, UBS has a right to immediate possession. Mallya must also pay the interest of £820,333 accrued up to April 2019 plus any further amount accrued up to 1 May 2020. He was also instructed to pay legal costs of £1,047,081 and receivers' costs of £223,863.<ref name="FP">{{cite news |title=Vijay Mallya settles for more time with Swiss bank to pay off mortgage for plush London home |url=https://www.firstpost.com/business/vijay-mallya-settles-for-more-time-with-swiss-bank-to-pay-off-mortgage-for-plush-london-home-6633881.html |access-date=3 July 2019 |work=First Post |agency=Press Trust of India |date=15 May 2019}}</ref> In December 2018, the court ruled that he can be extradited to India to face fraud investigations.<ref name=ndtv20181210 /> In July 2019, Mallya was granted permission to appeal to London's High Court against his extradition.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.ft.com/content/a8996bae-9cda-11e9-9c06-a4640c9feebb|title=Vijay Mallya granted permission to appeal against extradition|date=2 July 2019|newspaper=Financial Times}}</ref> In April 2020, the plea file by Vijay Mallya against his extradition to India was rejected by London High court.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Pandey|first=Munish|date=April 20, 2020|title=UK court rejects Vijay Mallya's appeal, may get extradited to India in few weeks|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/uk-court-rejects-vijay-mallya-s-appeal-may-get-extradited-to-india-in-few-weeks-1669059-2020-04-20|url-status=live|access-date=2021-09-27|website=India Today|language=en}}</ref>

Vijay Mallya lost his final appeal against extradition. Mallya had filed an appeal in the UK Supreme Court earlier in month of May 2020 in the wake of losing an appeal in the London High Court against an extradition order to India on alleged charges of fraud and money laundering related to unrecovered loans to Kingfisher Airlines. It was said that he could be extradited in next 28 days.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/business/vijay-mallya-loses-final-appeal-against-extradition-5266681.html|title=Vijay Mallya loses final appeal against extradition|date=14 May 2020|newspaper=moneycontrol.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=End of good times: Vijay Mallya To Return To India |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/news/national/end-of-good-times-vijay-mallya-may-be-flown-to-india-tonight-says-report-626079 |agency=thehansindia.com}}</ref> However, in October 2020 the Indian government was notified that Mallya could not be currently extradited due to an unspecified "confidential legal matter".<ref>{{Cite web|date=9 October 2020|title=Mallya's extradition from Britain not possible, India told|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/crime/091020/mallyas-extradition-from-britain-not-possible-india-told.html|access-date=30 October 2020|website=Deccan Chronicle|language=en}}</ref>

On 18 January 2022, Vijay Mallya has lost the legal fight to keep his London home after a UK court refused to grant him a stay of enforcement in a dispute with Swiss bank UBS.<ref>https://www.connectedtoindia.com/vijay-mallya-loses-fight-to-save-his-london-home-9720.html</ref>
===Leaked documents===
Mallya was named in the [[Panama Papers]] and [[Paradise Papers]], [[Data breach|leaked]] confidential documents relating to [[offshore investment]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Tandon|first1=Suneera|title=The Indian superstars of tax haven leaks: Amitabh Bachchan and Vijay Mallya|url=https://qz.com/1121170/from-paradise-papers-to-the-panama-leaks-amitabh-bachchan-and-vijay-mallya-are-never-missing/|access-date=9 November 2017|work=[[Quartz India]]|date=7 November 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Moudgal|first1=Sandeep|last2=Kumar|first2=Chethan|title=Panama Papers: Vijay Mallya directly linked to firm in Virgin Islands|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/Panama-Papers-Vijay-Mallya-directly-linked-to-firm-in-Virgin-Islands/articleshow/51736218.cms|access-date=10 November 2017|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=April 8, 2016}}</ref>
==Awards==
Mallya has received several professional awards both in India and overseas:
* [[Honorary degree]] of [[Doctorate of Philosophy]] in Business Administration, by the [[Southern California University for Professional Studies]] (1997) Southern California University is not affiliated with the prestigious University of Southern California.<ref name="mallyainparliament.in"/><ref name="money.livemint.com"/><ref name=UBgenesis>{{cite web |url=http://www.theubgroup.com/profile_genesis.aspx |title=Genesis Profile Dr. Vijay Mallya Chairman |work=[[UB Group]] |access-date=3 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140925123831/http://theubgroup.com/profile_genesis.aspx |archive-date=25 September 2014 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }} (p. 13)</ref>
* "[[Legion of Honour|Officier de la Légion d'Honneur]]" (sometime prior to 2012), a high award of recognition in France (sometime prior to 2014).<ref name="money.livemint.com"/><ref name=UBgenesis/><ref name="mallyainparliament.in"/>
* "Global leader for tomorrow", [[World Economic Forum]] (sometime prior to 2014).<ref name="money.livemint.com"/><ref name=UBgenesis/>
* "Entrepreneur of the Year" award at [[The Asian Awards]] (2010).<ref>[https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/the-asian-awards-winners-list-106600953.html The Asian Awards Winners List]. 4 November 2010. PRNewswire. PR Newswire Europe Limited (a United Business Media company). Retrieved 3 June 2014.</ref>
==See also==
* [[List of people from Karnataka]]
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==External links==
{{Commons category|Vijay Mallya}}
* [http://www.theubgroup.com/ United Breweries (UB) Group]
* [http://www.unitedspirits.in United Spirits Limited (USL)]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120418001142/http://www.flykingfisher.com/ Kingfisher Airlines Limited – KFA]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120407190756/http://www.mallyainparliament.in/index.htm Mallya in Parliament]
* [http://www.mohunbaganac.com/ McDowell Mohun Bagan]
{{Royal Challengers Bangalore}}
{{Force India F1}}
{{United Spirits}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mallya, Vijay}}
[[Category:1955 births]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian businesspeople]]
[[Category:Corporate crime]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Bangalore]]
[[Category:Former billionaires]]
[[Category:Formula One team owners]]
[[Category:Fugitives wanted by India]]
[[Category:Indian chief executives]]
[[Category:Indian motorsport people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Kannada people]]
[[Category:Indian fraudsters]]
[[Category:Indian Premier League franchise owners]]
[[Category:Mangaloreans]]
[[Category:People from Dakshina Kannada district]]
[[Category:Racehorse owners and breeders]]
[[Category:La Martiniere Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:Rajya Sabha members from Karnataka]]
[[Category:Independent politicians in India]]
[[Category:Janata Party politicians]]
[[Category:People named in the Panama Papers]]
[[Category:United Breweries Group]]
[[Category:Force India]]
[[Category:People named in the Paradise Papers]]
[[Category:Officiers of the Légion d'honneur]]