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Kinnaraya

2026-08-16T09:47:22Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

'''Kinnaraya''' (also '''Kinnarayo''' or '''Kinnara''') is a [[social group]] or [[caste]] among the [[Sinhalese people|Sinhalese]] of [[Sri Lanka]]. Historically, they have been compared to the [[Paraiyar]] community of [[Tamil Nadu]] in [[South India]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/21413/CE|title=Kinnara in Sri Lanka|work=joshuaproject.net|publisher=Joshua Project|access-date=August 1, 2024}}</ref>

==Origins==
Mainstream Sinhalese speakers traditionally claim [[North Indian]] ethnic origins, yet the presence of several South Indian-type [[Jatis|social groups]] like the Kinnaraya suggests a more complex pattern of migration from India to Sri Lanka. Some scholars believe that early Sinhalese society recruited labour from South India to support land clearance and the founding of new villages.<ref name="Survey">{{cite web|url=https://www.seu.ac.lk/researchandpublications/kalam/vol8/5%20KALAM%20VIII%20(1)%202014%20%20(Page%2040-47).doc14.11.2014-3.pdf|title=A Historical Survey of Social Class and Caste System in Sri Lanka (pp. 40–47)|author=Riswan, M.|format=PDF|publisher=KALAM International Journal of Faculty of Arts and Culture, South Eastern University of Sri Lanka|access-date=August 1, 2024}}</ref>

Indigenous communities known in early texts as [[Vedda people|Yakkas]] and Nagas were gradually incorporated into the caste structure at lower levels, providing services essential for survival as their original habitats were altered or taken over. Alongside the [[Rodiya]] community, the Kinnaraya are considered by some researchers to be descendants of indigenous tribal groups that eventually became marginalised as a [[Dalit]]-like caste.<ref name="Survey"/>

==Etymology==
The origin of the word ''Kinnara'' is uncertain, and several theories have been proposed. In Hindu and Buddhist literature, the term carries various meanings, often referring to mythical celestial beings. However, the connection between this early term and the modern social group remains unclear.<ref name="Survey"/>

==Status==
The Kinnaraya community is numerically small and has historically occupied a low position in Sri Lanka's caste hierarchy. Many community members work as agricultural or domestic labourers, as overseas domestic workers in the [[Middle East]], or as recruits in the Sri Lankan military, particularly following the ethnic violence of [[Black July]] in 1983.

==Subdivisions==
Historically, there may have been clan-like subdivisions within the Kinnaraya caste, though detailed records of these groups are not well documented in available literature.

==Religion==
While many Kinnaraya identify as followers of [[Theravada|Theravada Buddhism]], their religious practice often includes beliefs in demons, spirits, and [[Hindu deities]], as well as rituals involving [[spirit possession]] and cursing. The Kinnaraya community is particularly known for its performances of the comic folk opera ''Sokari'', which is staged on the Kamatha threshing floor in honour of the goddess [[Pattini]] and the god [[Kataragama]].<ref name="Survey"/>

==See also==
* [[Kinnara kingdom]]
* [[History of Sri Lanka]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://vedda.org/indigenous-lanka.htm Indigenous Lanka: Consensus for Survival]
* [http://www.craftrevival.org/Extralinks.asp?PageCode=P00014 Introduction, Craft History, Developments Since Independence] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928065009/http://www.craftrevival.org/Extralinks.asp?PageCode=P00014 |date=2007-09-28 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051108072524/http://www.nucleus2000.de/srilanka/features/kasten/kasten02.htm Singhalesische Kasten (German article)]
* [http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-13181.html Caste amongst the Sinhalese]

[[Category:Dalit communities]]
[[Category:Sinhalese castes]]

Kinnaraya

2026-08-16T09:45:58Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Created page with "{{Weasel|date=August 2024}} '''Kinnaraya''' or '''Kinnarayo''' also '''Kinnara''' are a social group or a caste among the Sinhalese of Sri Lanka. Similar to the Paraiyar of the Tamil Nadu state in South India.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/21413/CE|title=Kinnara in Sri Lanka|work=joshuaproject.net|publisher=Joshua Project|access-date=August 1, 2024}}</ref> ==Origins== As the mainstream Sinhalese..."

{{Weasel|date=August 2024}}

'''Kinnaraya''' or '''Kinnarayo''' also '''Kinnara''' are a [[social group]] or a [[caste]] among the [[Sinhalese people|Sinhalese]] of [[Sri Lanka]]. Similar to the [[Paraiyar]] of the [[Tamil Nadu]] state in [[South India]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/21413/CE|title=Kinnara in Sri Lanka|work=joshuaproject.net|publisher=Joshua Project|access-date=August 1, 2024}}</ref>

==Origins==
As the mainstream Sinhalese speakers claim [[North Indian]] ethnic origins, the presence of many South Indian-type [[Jatis|social groups]] like the Kinnaraya indicate a complex migration history from India to Sri Lanka. But Kinnaraya do indicate vestiges{{Like what?|date=August 2024}} of tribal origins like the other formerly [[untouchable caste]] [[Rodiyas]]. Some [[anthropologists]]{{Who?|date=August 2024}} believe that the early society of Sri Lanka looked to South India for manpower to fulfill functional needs as land was cleared and new villages founded. The indigenous people of Sri Lanka known in the legends{{Weasel inline|date=August 2024}} as [[Vedda people|Yakkas]] and Nagas also fused with the caste structure at the bottom as marginal people providing needed support services for survival as their habitats were cleared or simply taken over. Unlike other Sinhalese castes there is anecdotal evidence that along with [[Rodiyas]], the Kinnarays were an [[indigenous peoples of Asia|indigenous]] tribal group that eventually became a [[Dalit (outcaste)|Dalit]]-like caste.<ref name="Survey">{{cite web|url=https://www.seu.ac.lk/researchandpublications/kalam/vol8/5%20KALAM%20VIII%20(1)%202014%20%20(Page%2040-47).doc14.11.2014-3.pdf|title=A Historical Survey of Social Class and Caste System in Sri Lanka (pag. 40-47)|author=Riswan, M.|format=PDF|publisher=“KALAM” International Journal of Faculty of Arts and Culture, South Eastern University of Sri Lanka|access-date=August 1, 2024}}</ref>
==Etymology==
The origin of the word ''Kinnara'' is complex and number of theories have been proposed.{{Such as?|s|date=August 2024}} But it is not clear how this early [[Vedic language|Vedic]] or [[Proto-Dravidian]] word or a word similar to it came to describe this small social group.{{Original research?|date=August 2024}} Most Hindu and Buddhist literature have differing meanings for this word.{{Such as?|s|date=August 2024}}

==Status==
As a numerically small and culturally insignificant{{Weasel inline|date=August 2024}} community they have not been able to upgrade their social position in the society.{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}} Many live as agricultural or domestic workers, overseas [[maid]]s in the [[Middle East]], or especially since the [[Black July]] civil war pogroms as recruits in the army.

==Sub divisions==
There used to be many clan-like subdivisions{{Like what?|date=August 2024}} within the caste that are not attested in the known literature.{{cn|date=August 2024}}

==Religion==
Although many Kinnaraya purport to adhere to the conservative [[Theravada|Theravada Buddhism]] there is a widespread belief in [[Demons]], Spirits, [[Hindu deities]] and practice of related rituals such as [[spirit possession]] and [[Curse|cursing]] rituals. The Kinnaraya community is particularly known for its performances of the comic opera [[folk plays|''Sokari'']] performed on the Kamatha threshing floor in honor of the goddess [[Pattini]] and the god [[Kataragama]].<ref name="Survey"/>

==See also==
* [[Kinnara kingdom]]
* [[History of Sri Lanka]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://vedda.org/indigenous-lanka.htm Indigenous Lanka: Consensus for Survival]
*[http://www.craftrevival.org/Extralinks.asp?PageCode=P00014 Introduction, Craft History, Developments Since Independence] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928065009/http://www.craftrevival.org/Extralinks.asp?PageCode=P00014 |date=2007-09-28 }}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20051108072524/http://www.nucleus2000.de/srilanka/features/kasten/kasten02.htm Singhalesische Kasten German article]
*[http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-13181.html Caste amongst the Sinhalese]

[[Category:Dalit communities]]
[[Category:Sinhalese castes]]

Damai

2026-08-16T09:45:10Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Created page with "{{Short description|Nepalese occupational caste}} {{other uses}} {{infobox ethnic group | group = Damai | native_name = दमाइँ | native_name_lang = ne | image = Playing Damaha.jpg | image_caption = Damai men playing traditional Damaha | region1 = {{flag|Nepal}} | pop1 = 565,932 (1.9% of Nepal's population) (2021)<ref name="auto">{{cite report |date=2021 |title=National Population and Housing Census 2021, Cas..."

{{Short description|Nepalese occupational caste}}
{{other uses}}
{{infobox ethnic group
| group = Damai
| native_name = दमाइँ
| native_name_lang = ne
| image = Playing Damaha.jpg
| image_caption = Damai men playing traditional [[Damaha]]
| region1 = {{flag|Nepal}}
| pop1 = 565,932 (1.9% of Nepal's population) (2021)<ref name="auto">{{cite report |date=2021 |title=National Population and Housing Census 2021, Caste/Ethnicity Report |author=National Statistics Office |work=Government of Nepal |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/downloads/caste-ethnicity}}</ref>
| region2 = [[India]], [[Bhutan]] and [[Burma]]
| langs = [[Kalautya Rudika]] (Damai kura), [[Nepali language|Nepali]] (Khas kura)
| rels = [[Shamanism]], [[Buddhism]], [[Hinduism in Nepal|Hinduism]] 96.59% (2011), [[Christianity]] 3.22% (2011)<ref>{{cite report |date=2014 |title=Population monograph of Nepal |volume=II |author=Central Bureau of Statistics |publisher=Government of Nepal |url=https://nepal.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Population%20Monograph%20V02.pdf}}</ref>
| related = [[Khas people]], [[Kami (caste)|Kami]], [[Badi people|Badi]], [[Sarki (ethnic group)|Sarki]], [[Gandarbha|Gandarbha/Gaine]]
}}
The '''Damai''' ({{langx|ne|दमाइँ}} {{IPA|ne|dʌmaĩ|pron}}; [[IAST]]: ''Damāĩ'') is an occupational caste found among [[indigenous people ]] comprising 45 subgroups.{{sfn|Whelpton|2005|p=31}} Their surnames take after the subgroup they belong to.<ref name=":0" /> People belonging to this caste are traditionally tailors{{sfn|Whelpton|2005|p=31}} and musicians capable of using the [[Naumati baaja|Naumati baja]] - an ensemble of nine traditional musical instruments.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=The Splendour of Sikkim- Culture and Traditions of the Ethnic Communities of Sikkim|publisher=Cultural Affairs and Heritage Department, Government of India|year=2017|pages=81|language=English}}</ref> The term Damai is coined from the musical instrument [[Damaha]]. The 1854 Nepalese Muluki Ain (Legal Code) categorized Damai as a "Lower caste”.<ref>Gurung, Harka (2005) Social Exclusion and Maoist Insurgency. Paper presented at National Dialogue Conference at ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal peoples, Kathmandu, 19–20 January 2005.</ref>

The Government of [[kingdom of Nepal]] abolished the caste-system and criminalized any caste-based discrimination, including "[[untouchability]]" in 1963 under the rule of [[Mahendra of Nepal|King Mahendra]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Welle (www.dw.com)|first=Deutsche|title=Nepal: Deadly caste-based attacks spur outcry over social discrimination {{!}} DW {{!}} 16.06.2020|url=https://www.dw.com/en/nepal-deadly-caste-based-attacks-spur-outcry-over-social-discrimination/a-53827719|access-date=2021-02-28|website=DW.COM|language=en-GB}}</ref>

According to the [[2021 Nepal census]], Damai make up 1.94% of Nepal's population (or 565,932 people).<ref name="auto"/> Damai are categorized under "Hill [[Dalit]]" among the 9 broad social groups, along with [[Kami (caste)|Kami]], [[Badi people|Badi]], [[Sarki (ethnic group)|Sarki]] and [[Gandarbha|Gaine]] by the Government of Nepal.<ref name="cbs">{{Cite web|url=https://unstats.un.org/unsD/demographic/sources/census/wphc/Nepal/Nepal-Census-2011-Vol1.pdf|title=Nepal Census 2011}}</ref>

==Geographical distribution==
At the time of the [[2011 Nepal census]], the frequency of Damai by province was as follows:
* [[Karnali Province]] (4.0%)
* [[Gandaki Province]] (3.9%)
* [[Sudurpashchim Province]] (2.6%)
* [[Lumbini Province]] (1.9%)
* [[Koshi Province]] (1.8%)
* [[Bagmati Province]] (1.4%)
* [[Madhesh Province]] (0.2%)

The frequency of Damai was higher than national average (1.8%) in the following districts:<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2018/12/Volume05Part02.pdf |title=2011 Nepal Census, District Level Detail Report |access-date=2023-03-20 |archive-date=2023-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314170005/https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2018/12/Volume05Part02.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Parbat District|Parbat]] (7.5%)
* [[Myagdi District|Myagdi]] (5.8%)
* [[Kalikot District|Kalikot]] (5.1%)
* [[Dailekh District|Dailekh]] (5.0%)
* [[Baglung District|Baglung]] (4.7%)
* [[Doti District|Doti]] (4.6%)
* [[Surkhet District|Surkhet]] (4.6%)
* [[Mustang District|Mustang]] (4.4%)
* [[Bajura District|Bajura]] (4.2%)
* [[Jajarkot District|Jajarkot]] (4.0%)
* [[Lamjung District|Lamjung]] (3.9%)
* [[Dadeldhura District|Dadeldhura]] (3.8%)
* [[Gulmi District|Gulmi]] (3.7%)
* [[Kaski District|Kaski]] (3.7%)
* [[Syangja District|Syangja]] (3.7%)
* [[Western Rukum District|Western Rukum]] (3.7%)
* [[Rolpa District|Rolpa]] (3.6%)
* [[Humla District|Humla]] (3.5%)
* [[Tanahun District|Tanahun]] (3.4%)
* [[Okhaldhunga District|Okhaldhunga]] (3.3%)
* [[Arghakhanchi District|Arghakhanchi]] (3.2%)
* [[Eastern Rukum District|Eastern Rukum]] (3.2%)
* [[Mugu District|Mugu]] (3.2%)
* [[Pyuthan District|Pyuthan]] (3.2%)
* [[Achham District|Achham]] (3.1%)
* [[Sindhuli District|Sindhuli]] (3.1%)
* [[Tehrathum District|Tehrathum]] (3.1%)
* [[Gorkha District|Gorkha]] (3.0%)
* [[Salyan District, Nepal|Salyan]] (3.0%)
* [[Udayapur District|Udayapur]] (2.8%)
* [[Dang District, Nepal|Dang]] (2.7%)
* [[Khotang District|Khotang]] (2.7%)
* [[Bhojpur District, Nepal|Bhojpur]] (2.6%)
* [[Dhading District|Dhading]] (2.5%)
* [[Jumla District|Jumla]] (2.5%)
* [[Nawalpur District|Nawalpur]] (2.5%)
* [[Kanchanpur District|Kanchanpur]] (2.3%)
* [[Ramechhap District|Ramechhap]] (2.3%)
* [[Dolakha District|Dolakha]] (2.2%)
* [[Kailali District|Kailali]] (2.2%)
* [[Panchthar District|Panchthar]] (2.2%)
* [[Sankhuwasabha District|Sankhuwasabha]] (2.2%)
* [[Baitadi District|Baitadi]] (2.1%)
* [[Chitwan District|Chitwan]] (2.1%)
* [[Dhankuta District|Dhankuta]] (2.1%)
* [[Jhapa District|Jhapa]] (1.9%)
* [[Palpa District|Palpa]] (1.9%)
* [[Sindhupalchowk District|Sindhupalchowk]] (1.9%)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* {{Cite book| title = A History of Nepal| last1 = Whelpton | first1 = John| year = 2005 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | isbn = 978-0521804707 |url =https://books.google.com/books?id=WSo6PgAACAAJ}}

[[Category:Caste system in Nepal]]
[[Category:Dalit communities]]

Balagai

2026-08-16T09:44:34Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Redirected page to Chalavadi

#REDIRECT [[Chalavadi]]

Balagai

2026-08-16T09:43:18Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Created page with "{{Infobox ethnic group |group = Chalavadi | native_name = |image= |population = |popplace = |regions = Karnataka, India |languages =Kannada |religions =Hinduism |related = }} '''Chalavādi''' (Māla, Chalawadi, Chalwadi, Chelvadi, Chelavadi<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/Madiga-Chaluvadi-communities-seek-internal-reservation/article14717514.ece|title=Madiga, Chaluvadi communities s..."

{{Infobox ethnic group
|group = Chalavadi
| native_name =
|image=
|population =
|popplace =
|regions = [[Karnataka]], India
|languages =[[Kannada language|Kannada]]
|religions =[[Hinduism]]
|related =

}}
'''Chalavādi''' (Māla, Chalawadi, Chalwadi, Chelvadi, Chelavadi<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/Madiga-Chaluvadi-communities-seek-internal-reservation/article14717514.ece|title=Madiga, Chaluvadi communities seek internal reservation|date=2007-02-08|work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-10-25|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>) is a [[Dravidian peoples|Dravida]] community, mainly belonging to [[Maharashtra|Karnataka]], "who are generally called formerly as [[Adi Dravida]] (Balagai), Channaiah or Channayya"<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9B1OAQAAMAAJ&q=Chalavadi|title=The Scheduled Castes|last=Singh|first=Kumar Suresh|date=1995|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780195637427|volume=10|page=297|language=en}}</ref>(Bidar, Belgaum, Bijapur and Dharwad districts<ref name=":0" />), Toti, Byagara,{{citation needed|date=February 2018}} Whalliaru or Whallias,{{citation needed|date=February 2018}} Holia's or [[Mahar]] [[Belgaum division|(Belgaum side)]] ([[Synonym|Synonym's]]: [[Holar caste|Holar]]<ref name=":2" />) is the servant of the right-hand, or eighteen-caste section of the community, and the custodian of its symbol, namely, the bell and the ladle (Gandadabatlu). These are made of [[brass]] and are connected together by a chain of the same metal, and sometimes they are placed before [[Pattadakal|Sangameshwara]] gaddige and [[Puja (Hinduism)|Pūjā]] made to them. The members use, among themselves, the term [[Valangai|Balagai]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1XzaAAAAMAAJ&q=balagai|title=Deprived Castes in India: A Profile of Karnataka|last=Rao|first=Nandalike Jagannath Usha|date=1981|publisher=Chugh Publications|page=335|language=en}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/Discontent-in-lsquoleftrsquo-group-of-SCs-may-cost-BJP-dear/article16631517.ece|title=Discontent in 'left' group of SCs may cost BJP dear|date=2009-03-07|work=The Hindu|access-date=2017-10-15|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> as they are classified among the eighteen castes that form the right-hand section of the community in [[Dravidian people|Dravida]] countries. Chalavadis are well dressed and stands with a blanket under his arm. He carries a brass image of [[Shiva]] seated on a [[bull]]. The image is overshadowed by the hood of a snake and is fixed to the upper end of a brass spoon. A brass bell hangs from the handle of the spoon to the Chelvadi’s knee in front. From time to time, the Chelvadi sings hymns in honour of [[Shiva]] and rings the bell.{{citation needed|date=February 2018}}

== Origin ==
Chalvadi is said to be a disciple of [[Basava]]. They came with the Maharaja of the [[Vijayanagara Empire|Vijayanagar empire]] and settled in different districts. They are considered as the right-hand caste as opposed to the left-hand who are the [[Madiga|Madars or Madiga]].{{citation needed|date=February 2018}}

Chalavadi's were [[agricultural labourer]]s during the 17th century to 18th century and were divided into ''Kuliyalugalu'' (hired labourer's) and ''Muladalugalu'' or ''Mulada Holeya'' (hereditary [[serfs]]) depending on nature of employment in [[agrarian society]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z0nZzbFDSAoC&q=holeya&pg=PA194|title=South Kanara, 1799-1860: A Study in Colonial Administration and Regional Response|last=Bhat|first=N. Shyam|date=1998-01-01|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=9788170995869|page=194|language=en}}</ref>

== Subdivision ==
=== Karnataka ===
The important sections of Holeyas were the Pombada (Bhuta dancers), the Bakuda or Mundala, the Holeya or Mari Holeya, the [[Koraga people|Koragar]] (basket maker) & Nalke (Bhuta Dancers).<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z0nZzbFDSAoC&q=holeya+bhuta+dancers&pg=PA26|title=South Kanara, 1799-1860: A Study in Colonial Administration and Regional Response|last=Bhat|first=N. Shyam|date=1998-01-01|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=9788170995869|page=26|language=en}}</ref> but only Holeya or Mari Holeya considered Chalavadis, not others.{{citation needed|date=February 2018}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Reservation in India}}

[[Category:Dalit communities]]
[[Category:Scheduled Castes of Karnataka]]

Sarki (caste)

2026-08-16T09:42:31Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Created page with "{{Short description| Sarki also indigenous ethnic group of Nepal, occupational caste}} {{other uses|Sarki (disambiguation)}} {{infobox ethnic group | group = Sarki | native_name = सार्की | native_name_lang = nepali | image_caption = | poptime = | population = | regions = Himalayas {{flagicon|Nepal}} Nepal {{flagicon|India}} Darjeeling, Kalimpong, D..."

{{Short description| Sarki also indigenous ethnic group of Nepal, occupational caste}}
{{other uses|Sarki (disambiguation)}}
{{infobox ethnic group
| group = Sarki
| native_name = सार्की
| native_name_lang = nepali
| image_caption =
| poptime =
| population =
| regions = [[Himalayas]] {{flagicon|Nepal}} [[Nepal]] {{flagicon|India}} [[Darjeeling district|Darjeeling]], [[Kalimpong district|Kalimpong]], [[Dooars]] {{flag|Bhutan}} {{flag|Burma}}
| region1 = [[Nepal]]
| pop1 = 452,229 (1.5% of Nepal's population)<ref>{{cite report |date=2021 |title=National Population and Housing Census 2021, Caste/Ethnicity Report |author=National Statistics Office |work=Government of Nepal |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/downloads/caste-ethnicity}}</ref>
| region2 =
| langs = [[Nepali language|Nepali]], [[Thakali language|Thakali]] some also speak [[Gurung language|Gurung]]
| rels = [[Shamanism]], [[Buddhism]] 1.7% (2011), [[Hinduism in Nepal|Hinduism]] 95.46% (2011), [[Christianity in Nepal|Christianity]] 2.84% (2011)<ref>{{cite report |date=2014 |title=Population monograph of Nepal |volume=II |author=Central Bureau of Statistics |publisher=Government of Nepal |url=https://nepal.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Population%20Monograph%20V02.pdf}}</ref>
| related = [[indigenous people]], [[Damai]], [[Badi people|Badi]], [[Kami (caste)|Kami]], [[Gandarbha|Gandarbha/Gaine]]
}}
'''Sarki''' ({{langx|ne|सार्की}}) are an indigenous people in Nepal.{{sfn|Whelpton|2005|p=31}} They are found in the region of the [[Himalayas]], [[Nepal]], across the hills of [[Darjeeling district|Darjeeling]] & [[Kalimpong district|Kalimpong]] and in [[Terai]] area of [[Dooars]].

Traditionally Sarki men wear bhoto, kachada, dhakatopi, ascot, while women wear cholo, fariya, and potuka. Now, due to the influence of Western culture, various types of dresses have also been introduced. Now, they wear modern clothes. They are experts in playing their musical instrument "[[Madal]]" and performing dance in a group which is also called “Khayali Marooni”. They also have other dance like Thali nach, Sarange nach. According to the [[2021 Nepal census]], Sarki makes up 1.55% of [[Nepal|Nepal's]] population (452,229 people).<ref>{{cite report |date=2021 |title=National Population and Housing Census 2021, Caste/Ethnicity Report |author=National Statistics Office |work=Government of Nepal |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/downloads/caste-ethnicity}}</ref>
Sarki are referred to in the [[Nepali language|Nepali]] and [[Thakali language|Thakali]] languages.<ref name="Vinding">{{cite book |title=The Thakali: A Himalayan Ethnography |first=Michael |last=Vinding |publisher=Serindia Publications |year=1998 |isbn=9780906026502 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eSGmZBO_WDQC |pages=388, 443}}</ref>

Due to many caste-based discriminations in [[Nepal]], the government of [[Nepal]] legally abolished the caste system and criminalized any caste-based discrimination, including "[[untouchability]]" (the ostracism of a specific caste) - in the year 1963 [[Anno Domini|A.D.]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Welle (www.dw.com)|first=Deutsche|title=Nepal: Deadly caste-based attacks spur outcry over social discrimination {{!}} DW {{!}} 16.06.2020|url=https://www.dw.com/en/nepal-deadly-caste-based-attacks-spur-outcry-over-social-discrimination/a-53827719|access-date=2021-02-28|website=DW.COM|language=en-GB}}</ref> With Nepal's step towards freedom and equality, Nepal, previously ruled by a [[Hinduism|Hindu]] monarchy, was a [[Hindus|Hindu]] nation which has now become a [[secular state]],<ref>{{cite news|date=18 May 2006|title=Nepal king stripped of most powers|publisher=[[CNN]]|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/asiapcf/05/18/nepal.king/|access-date=18 April 2020}}</ref> and on 28 May 2008, it was declared a republic,<ref name="Abolish">{{cite news|date=28 May 2008|title=Nepal votes to abolish monarchy|work=[[BBC News]]|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7424302.stm|url-status=live|access-date=18 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170107130737/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7424302.stm|archive-date=7 January 2017}}</ref> ending it as a [[Hindu king]]dom<ref>{{cite news|last=Crossette|first=Barbara|author-link=Barbara Crossette|date=3 June 2001|title=Birenda, 55, Ruler of Nepal's Hindu Kingdom|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/06/03/world/birenda-55-ruler-of-nepal-s-hindu-kingdom.html|access-date=18 April 2020}}</ref>

The [[Caste system in Nepal#Muluki Ain (1854)|1854 Nepalese Muluki Ain (Legal Code)]] categorized Sarki as a category.<ref>Gurung, Harka (2005) Social Exclusion and Maoist Insurgency. Paper presented at National Dialogue Conference at ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal peoples, Kathmandu, 19–20 January 2005.</ref> Sarki is categorized under "Hill [[Dalit]]" among the 9 broad social groups, along with [[Damai]], [[Badi people|Badi]], [[Kami (caste)|Kami]] and [[Gandarbha|Gaine]] by the Government of Nepal.<ref name="cbs">{{Cite web|title=Nepal Census 2011|url=https://unstats.un.org/unsD/demographic/sources/census/wphc/Nepal/Nepal-Census-2011-Vol1.pdf}}</ref>

==Geographic distribution==
At the time of the [[2011 Nepal census]], 374,816 people (1.4% of the population of [[Nepal]]) were Sarki.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2018/12/Volume05Part02.pdf |title=2011 Nepal Census, District Level Detail Report |access-date=6 April 2023 |archive-date=14 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314170005/https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2018/12/Volume05Part02.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> The frequency of Sarki by province was as follows:
* [[Gandaki Province]] (4.1%)
* [[Karnali Province]] (2.6%)
* [[Sudurpashchim Province]] (1.7%)
* [[Lumbini Province]] (1.5%)
* [[Bagmati Province]] (1.3%)
* [[Koshi Province]] (1.0%)
* [[Madhesh Province]] (0.1%)

The frequency of Sarki was higher than national average (1.4%) in the following districts:
* [[Gorkha District|Gorkha]] (7.6%)
* [[Jumla District|Jumla]] (7.1%)
* [[Parbat District|Parbat]] (6.7%)
* [[Arghakhanchi District|Arghakhanchi]] (6.1%)
* [[Baglung District|Baglung]] (5.6%)
* [[Lamjung District|Lamjung]] (5.3%)
* [[Bajura District|Bajura]] (5.0%)
* [[Dhading District|Dhading]] (4.8%)
* [[Gulmi District|Gulmi]] (4.8%)
* [[Dadeldhura District|Dadeldhura]] (4.5%)
* [[Tanahun District|Tanahun]] (4.3%)
* [[Pyuthan District|Pyuthan]] (4.2%)
* [[Syangja District|Syangja]] (4.0%)
* [[Sindhuli District|Sindhuli]] (3.6%)
* [[Myagdi District|Myagdi]] (3.4%)
* [[Kalikot District|Kalikot]] (3.2%)
* [[Palpa District|Palpa]] (3.2%)
* [[Dailekh District|Dailekh]] (3.1%)
* [[Ramechhap District|Ramechhap]] (3.1%)
* [[Okhaldhunga District|Okhaldhunga]] (2.9%)
* [[Dolpa District|Dolpa]] (2.8%)
* [[Khotang District|Khotang]] (2.8%)
* [[Udayapur District|Udayapur]] (2.6%)
* [[Kaski District|Kaski]] (2.5%)
* [[Doti District|Doti]](2.4%)
* [[Surkhet District|Surkhet]] (2.4%)
* [[Bhojpur District, Nepal|Bhojpur]] (2.3%)
* [[Humla District|Humla]] (2.3%)
* [[Bajhang District|Bajhang]] (2.2%)
* [[Dang District, Nepal|Dang]] (1.9%)
* [[Kavrepalanchok District|Kavrepalanchok]] (1.9%)
* [[Jajarkot District|Jajarkot]] (1.8%)
* [[Salyan District, Nepal|Salyan]] (1.8%)
* [[Western Rukum District|Western Rukum]] (1.8%)
* [[Nuwakot District|Nuwakot]] (1.7%)
* [[Kanchanpur District|Kanchanpur]] (1.6%)
* [[Terhathum District|Terhathum]] (1.6%)
* [[Sindhupalchowk District|Sindhupalchowk]] (1.5%)

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* {{Cite book| title = A History of Nepal| last1 = Whelpton | first1 = John| year = 2005 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | isbn = 978-0521804707 |url =https://books.google.com/books?id=WSo6PgAACAAJ}}

[[Category:Himalayan peoples]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Nepal]]
[[Category:Culture of Sikkim]]
[[Category:Dalit communities]]

Badi people

2026-08-16T09:41:38Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Created page with "{{Infobox ethnic group | group = Badi/Vadi | native_name = बादी/वादी | native_name_lang = nep | image = | image_caption = | poptime = | population = | region1 = {{flagicon|Nepal}} Nepal | pop1 = 38,603 (0.1% of Nepal's population)<ref name="cbs"/> | region2 = India, Bhutan and Burma | langs = Parse Kura, Nepali language (Khas kura) | rels..."

{{Infobox ethnic group
| group = Badi/Vadi
| native_name = बादी/वादी
| native_name_lang = nep
| image =
| image_caption =
| poptime =
| population =
| region1 = {{flagicon|Nepal}} [[Nepal]]
| pop1 = 38,603 (0.1% of Nepal's population)<ref name="cbs"/>
| region2 = [[India]], [[Bhutan]] and [[Burma]]
| langs = [[Parse Kura]], [[Nepali language]] (Khas kura)
| rels = [[Hinduism in Nepal|Hinduism]] 96% (2011), [[Christianity]] 4% (2011)<ref>{{cite report |date=2014 |title=Population monograph of Nepal |volume=II |author=Central Bureau of Statistics |publisher=Government of Nepal |url=https://nepal.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Population%20Monograph%20V02.pdf}}</ref>
| related = [[Khas people]], [[Damai]], [[Sarki (ethnic group)|Sarki]], [[Kami (caste)|Kami]], [[Gandarbha|Gandarbha/Gaine]]
}}
'''Badi''' ({{langx|ne|बादी}}) is a Hill [[Dalit]] community in [[Nepal]]. The [[Caste system in Nepal#Muluki Ain (1854)|1854 Nepalese Muluki Ain (Legal Code)]] categorized Badi in the "Impure and Untouchable (''Pani Na Chalne'')" category.<ref>Gurung, Harka (2005) "Social Exclusion and Maoist Insurgency". Paper presented at National Dialogue Conference at ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal people, Kathmandu, 19–20 January 2005.</ref> Badi are categorized under "Hill [[Dalit]]" among the 9 broad social groups, along with [[Damai]], [[Sarki (ethnic group)|Sarki]], [[Kami (caste)|Kami]] and [[Gandarbha|Gaine]] by the Government of Nepal.<ref name="cbs">{{Cite web|title=Nepal Census 2011|url=https://unstats.un.org/unsD/demographic/sources/census/wphc/Nepal/Nepal-Census-2011-Vol1.pdf}}</ref> 'Badi' means ''Vadyabadak'', one who plays musical instruments, in [[Sanskrit]]. They are Indigenous people of Western Nepal They celebrate their "bhad sakrati" their main festival. They support their impoverished families through daily wages and fishing, woodcutting and making musical instruments.

Due to many caste-based discriminations in [[Nepal]], the government of [[Nepal]] legally abolished the caste-system and criminalized any caste-based discrimination, including "[[untouchability]]" (the ostracism of a specific caste) - in the year 1963 [[Anno Domini|A.D.]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Welle (www.dw.com)|first=Deutsche|title=Nepal: Deadly caste-based attacks spur outcry over social discrimination {{!}} DW {{!}} 16.06.2020|url=https://www.dw.com/en/nepal-deadly-caste-based-attacks-spur-outcry-over-social-discrimination/a-53827719|access-date=2021-02-28|website=DW.COM|language=en-GB}}</ref> With Nepal's step towards freedom and equality, Nepal, previously ruled by a [[Hinduism|Hindu]] monarchy was a [[Hindus|Hindu]] nation which has now become a [[secular state]],<ref>{{cite news|date=18 May 2006|title=Nepal king stripped of most powers|publisher=[[CNN]]|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/asiapcf/05/18/nepal.king/|access-date=18 April 2020}}</ref> and on 28 May 2008, it was declared a republic,<ref name="Abolish">{{cite news|date=28 May 2008|title=Nepal votes to abolish monarchy|work=[[BBC News]]|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7424302.stm|url-status=live|access-date=18 April 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170107130737/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/7424302.stm|archive-date=7 January 2017}}</ref> ending it as the [[Hindu king]]dom with its [[caste-based discrimination]]s and the [[untouchability]] roots.<ref>{{cite news|last=Crossette|first=Barbara|author-link=Barbara Crossette|date=3 June 2001|title=Birenda, 55, Ruler of Nepal's Hindu Kingdom|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/06/03/world/birenda-55-ruler-of-nepal-s-hindu-kingdom.html|access-date=18 April 2020}}</ref>

==History==
The Badi remain the lowest ranking [[dalit|untouchable]] [[caste]] in western Nepal. The rules of orthodox Hinduism dictate that members of the higher castes (Braham, [[Chetri]], or [[Thakuri]]) cannot allow the Badi into their houses, accept water or food from them, use the same village pump, or even brush against them; although higher caste men are allowed to have sex with Badi prostitutes. "For many years, I thought it was my fate to be a prostitute," says a Badi prostitute. "Now I realize this system wasn't made by God. It was made by man."<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-nepal-prostitutes-20110612,0,6459509.story ''Los Angeles Times'': "Badi women of Nepal are trapped in a life of degradation"] June 12, 2011</ref><ref>[http://www.advocacynet.org/page/badi The Advocacy Project: "Born Into Prostitution – The Badi Women"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110619033907/http://www.advocacynet.org/page/badi |date=2011-06-19 }}</ref><ref>[http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1701&context=himalaya Cox, Thomas E. (2000) "The Intended and Unintended Consequences of AIDS Prevention Among Badi in Tulispur"] ''Himalaya, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies'': Vol. 20: No. 1, Article 8.</ref>

==Geographical distribution==
At the time of the [[2011 Nepal census]], 38,603 people (0.1% of the population in Nepal) were Badi.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2018/12/Volume05Part02.pdf |title=2011 Nepal Census, District Level Detail Report |access-date=2023-03-17 |archive-date=2023-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314170005/https://cbs.gov.np/wp-content/upLoads/2018/12/Volume05Part02.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> The frequency of Badi by province was as follows:
* [[Sudurpashchim Province]] (0.4%)
* [[Gandaki Province]] (0.3%)
* [[Karnali Province]] (0.3%)
* [[Bagmati Province]] (0.1%)
* [[Koshi Province]] (0.1%)
* [[Lumbini Province]] (0.1%)
* [[Madhesh Province]] (0.0%)

The frequency of Badi was higher than national average in the following districts:
* [[Bajura District|Bajura]] (1.4%)
* [[Doti District|Doti]] (1.4%)
* [[Kaski District|Kaski]] (0.8%)
* [[Jajarkot District|Jajarkot]] (0.7%)
* [[Surkhet District|Surkhet]] (0.5%)
* [[Tanahun District|Tanahun]] (0.5%)
* [[Kailali District|Kailali]] (0.4%)
* [[Achham District|Achham]] (0.3%)
* [[Dailekh District|Dailekh]] (0.3%)
* [[Eastern Rukum District|Eastern Rukum]] (0.3%)
* [[Kanchanpur District|Kanchanpur]] (0.3%)
* [[Mustang District|Mustang]] (0.3%)
* [[Salyan District, Nepal|Salyan]] (0.3%)
* [[Tehrathum District|Tehrathum]] (0.3%)
* [[Western Rukum District|Western Rukum]] (0.3%)
* [[Bajhang District|Bajhang]] (0.2%)
* [[Bardiya District|Bardiya]] (0.2%)
* [[Dadeldhura District|Dadeldhura]] (0.2%)
* [[Humla District|Humla]] (0.2%)
* [[Nawalpur District|Nawalpur]] (0.2%)
* [[Pyuthan District|Pyuthan]] (0.2%)

==Representation in Culture==
The novel '[[Nathiya (novel)|Nathiya(नथीया)]]', written by the author [[Saraswati Pratikshya]], is based on this community.

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
* {{cite journal | title= The Badi: Prostitution as a Social Norm among an Untouchable Caste of West Nepal | journal= Kailash | year= 1990 | volume= 16 | issue = 3–4 | pages= 165–186 | last= Cox | first= Thomas |url=http://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/kailash/pdf/kailash_16_0304_02.pdf}}
* {{Cite web | first= Thomas L. | last= Kelly | authorlink = | url = http://www.fotyart.org/travel/maleta/tom-kelly/Fallen_Angels-2.pdf | title = Fallen Angels }} Photos of badis at plates 38–30, 41, 48, 50, 51.
* {{Cite book | title = Fallen Angels: the Sex Workers of South Asia |last=Kelly |first=Thomas L. | year = 2000 | url = http://thomaslkelly.smugmug.com/Books-Published/FALLEN-ANGELS/7107725_MLYup#455732279_VT | publisher = Roli Books | location = New Delhi}} Photojournalism.

[[Category:Ethnic groups in Nepal]]
[[Category:Dalit communities]]

User:Bharatwiki Socrates/Indian castes

2026-08-16T09:40:39Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

[[Adi Andhra]], [[Adi Dravida]], [[Adi Karnataka]], [[Adiya]], [[Agarwal]], [[Ager]], [[Agria]], [[Ahir]], [[Ahirwar]], [[Aheria]], [[Ajila]], [[Ambalakkaran]], [[Anamuk]], [[Aray Mala]], [[Arundhatiya]], [[Arunthathiyar]], [[Arwa Mala]], [[Asadaru]], [[Asodi]], [[Audhelia]], [[Badagaru]], [[Badera]], [[Bagdi]], [[Bagri]], [[Bahna]], [[Bairagi Brahmin]], [[Baira]], [[Bais]], [[Bakad]], [[Balahi]], [[Balija]], [[Balmiki]], [[Banchada]], [[Bania]], [[Banjara]], [[Bansphor]], [[Bantar]], [[Barai]], [[Baranwal]], [[Barar]], [[Bargunda]], [[Barika]], [[Barwala]], [[Basor]], [[Bathada]], [[Batwal]], [[Bauri]], [[Bauria]], [[Bavuri]], [[Bawaria]], [[Bazigar]], [[Beda]], [[Beldar]], [[Bellara]], [[Bengali Brahmin]], [[Bhadbhunja]], [[Bhambi]], [[Bhandari]], [[Bhangi]], [[Bhanjra]], [[Bhar]], [[Bharadwaj]], [[Bhat]], [[Bhati]], [[Bhatia]], [[Bhil]], [[Bhogta]], [[Bhovi]], [[Bhoyar]], [[Bhuiya]], [[Bhumihar]], [[Bhuminar]], [[Bindla]], [[Bohra]], [[Brahmin]], [[Budga]], [[Byagara]], [[Chachati]], [[Chadar]], [[Chakyar]], [[Chalavadi]], [[Chamar]], [[Chambhar]], [[Chanal]], [[Chandala]], [[Chandel]], [[Charan]], [[Chasa]], [[Chauhan]], [[Chaupal]], [[Chero]], [[Chhimba]], [[Chhipi]], [[Chikwa]], [[Chitpavan]], [[Chuhra]], [[Dabgar]], [[Dadhich]], [[Dagi]], [[Dahait]], [[Daivadnya]], [[Dalit]], [[Dangashia]], [[Dangi]], [[Darain]], [[Das]], [[Dedh]], [[Deha]], [[Deshastha]], [[Dewar]], [[Dhadhor]], [[Dhaki]], [[Dhanak]], [[Dhangar]], [[Dhanuk]], [[Dharikar]], [[Dhed]], [[Dhobi]], [[Dhogri]], [[Dhor]], [[Dhupi]], [[Dom]], [[Dusadh]], [[Ezhava]], [[Gadariya]], [[Gagra]], [[Ganda]], [[Gandhila]], [[Gangaputra]], [[Gardi]], [[Garmatang]], [[Garoda]], [[Gaur]], [[Gavli]], [[Ghasi]], [[Ghisadi]], [[Ghosi]], [[Godagali]], [[Godari]], [[Golla]], [[Gop]], [[Gope]], [[Gosangi]], [[Goswami]], [[Goud]], [[Gounder]], [[Gujar]], [[Gurjar]], [[Hadi]], [[Halalkhor]], [[Hali]], [[Halleer]], [[Halwai]], [[Handi Jogis]], [[Haralayya]], [[Hari]], [[Hasla]], [[Hessi]], [[Hira]], [[Holaya]], [[Holeya]], [[Holiya]], [[Idaiyan]], [[Jaggali]], [[Jalkeot]], [[Jambuvulu]], [[Jangam]], [[Jat]], [[Jatav]], [[Jhala]], [[Jogi]], [[Jolah]], [[Joshis]], [[Julaha]], [[Kabirpanthi]], [[Kachhi]], [[Kachhwaha]], [[Kaibartta]], [[Kaikkolar]], [[Kakatiya]], [[Kalladi]], [[Kalwar]], [[Kamaria]], [[Kammas]], [[Kanaujiya]], [[Kandu]], [[Kanjar]], [[Kansari]], [[Kapu]], [[Karhade]], [[Kasar]], [[Kashmiri]], [[Kayastha]], [[Kepmaris]], [[Kevat]], [[Khairwa]], [[Khalpa]], [[Khandelwal]], [[Khangar]], [[Kharwar]], [[Khatik]], [[Khatri]], [[Khoja]], [[Khokhar]], [[Kisan]], [[Koeri]], [[Koli]], [[Kolupulvandlu]], [[Komati]], [[Konar]], [[Koracha]], [[Korama]], [[Kori]], [[Kota]], [[Kotwal]], [[Kovida]], [[Kshatriya]], [[Kuchbandhia]], [[Kudumban]], [[Kumhar]], [[Kurariar]], [[Kurba]], [[Kurmi]], [[Kurup]], [[Kushwaha]], [[Labana]], [[Lalbegi]], [[Lingader]], [[Lingayat]], [[Lodh]], [[Lohana]], [[Lohar]], [[Machigar]], [[Madari]], [[Madiga]], [[Mahar]], [[Mahyavanshi]], [[Maithili]], [[Majhwar]], [[Mala]], [[Malakar]], [[Mali]], [[Mallah]], [[Mang]], [[Manne]], [[Maratha]], [[Marija]], [[Mashti]], [[Matangi]], [[Maurya]], [[Mavilan]], [[Mazhabi]], [[Megh]], [[Meghwal]], [[Mehtar]], [[Mekala]], [[Mers]], [[Meo]], [[Mirdha]], [[Mochi]], [[Moger]], [[Moghia]], [[Mohyal]], [[Mudaliar]], [[Mukri]], [[Mundala]], [[Musahar]], [[Muskhan]], [[Nadar]], [[Nadia]], [[Nai]], [[Nair]], [[Nalakeyava]], [[Namasudra]], [[Nambiar]], [[Nat]], [[Nayadi]], [[Nirban]], [[Nona]], [[Od]], [[Olgana]], [[Paky]], [[Pale]], [[Pallan]], [[Pal]], [[Pambada]], [[Pamidi]], [[Pan]], [[Panchama]], [[Panniandi]], [[Pano]], [[Panwar]], [[Paraiyan]], [[Paravan]], [[Parihar]], [[Parmar]], [[Pasi]], [[Pathak]], [[Patel]], [[Patni]], [[Pawar]], [[Perna]], [[Pherera]], [[Prajapati]], [[Punjabi]], [[Purohit]], [[Raghav]], [[Raigar]], [[Rai]], [[Raidas]], [[Rajak]], [[Rajput]], [[Raju]], [[Rajwar]], [[Raksel]], [[Ramaiya]], [[Ramdasia]], [[Ramnami]], [[Rana]], [[Raneyar]], [[Ranghar]], [[Ratal]], [[Rathore]], [[Ravana Rajput]], [[Ravidasi]], [[Rawat]], [[Reddy]], [[Regar]], [[Rehar]], [[Relli]], [[Rohidas]], [[Rohit]], [[Rukhi]], [[Sadgop]], [[Saini]], [[Samagara]], [[Samban]], [[Sanadhya]], [[Sands]], [[Sanhai]], [[Sanhal]], [[Sansi]], [[Sansoi]], [[Sapela]], [[Sapru]], [[Sarera]], [[Saryara]], [[Satnami]], [[Senva]], [[Shenva]], [[Shakya]], [[Sharma]], [[Shemalia]], [[Shrimali]], [[Shudra]], [[Sikligar]], [[Silawat]], [[Sindhollu]], [[Singiwala]], [[Sipi]], [[Sirkiband]], [[Sisodiya]], [[Solanki]], [[Sunar]], [[Sundhi]], [[Surjyabanshi]], [[Sutradhar]], [[Tanti]], [[Taral]], [[Teli]], [[Telugu]], [[Thathiar]], [[Thetwar]], [[Thori]], [[Tirgar]], [[Tomar]], [[Turi]], [[Udayar]], [[Unnithan]], [[Upadhyay]], [[Vaddar]], [[Vaishya]], [[Valluvan]], [[Valmiki]], [[Vankar]], [[Varma]], [[Vellalar]], [[Vokkaliga]], [[Watal]], [[Yadav]], [[Yatala]], [[Zadmalli]], [[Zamral]]

Dalits-

[[Ad-Dharmi]], [[Adi Andhra]], [[Adi Dravida]], [[Ahirwar]], [[Arunthathiyar]], [[Badi people]], [[Balagai]], [[Bangali (caste)]], [[Banmanus]], [[Batwal]], [[Beda Jangam]], [[Beda people]], [[Berwa]], [[Bhambi]], [[Bhambi Khalpa]], [[Chalavadi]], [[Chamar]], [[Chandala]], [[Chaupal (caste)]], [[Chirimar]], [[Dalera]], [[Damai]], [[Deshkal Society]], [[Dhedh]], [[Dhobi]], [[Doma (caste)]], [[Ganda (caste)]], [[Gandhila]], [[Ghasi]], [[Ghasiya]], [[Halalkhor]], [[Heri (caste)]], [[Hilpulayan]], [[Holeya]], [[Hurkiya]], [[Jatav]], [[Kinnaraya]], [[Madari]], [[Mahar]], [[Mahyavanshi]], [[Mala (caste)]], [[Mang (caste)]], [[Mazhabi Sikh]], [[Meghwal people]], [[Mochi (Hindu)]], [[Musahar]], [[Nethakani]], [[Pano (caste)]], [[Paraiya]], [[Pasi (caste)]], [[Paswan]], [[Patharkat]], [[Rai Sikh]], [[Ramdasia]], [[Ramnami Samaj]], [[Rattal]], [[Ravidassia]], [[Rohit (caste)]], [[Sarki (caste)]], [[Saryara]], [[Satnampanth]], [[Singikat]], [[Sirkiband]], [[Vaghri people]], [[Valmiki caste]], [[Watal]]

Bairagi Brahmin

2026-08-16T09:37:59Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Redirected page to Bairagi Brahmin (caste)

#REDIRECT [[Bairagi Brahmin (caste)]]

Adiya

2026-08-16T09:36:55Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Redirected page to Ravula

#REDIRECT [[Ravula]]

User:Bharatwiki Socrates/Indian castes

2026-08-16T09:34:05Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Created page with "Adi Andhra, Adi Dravida, Adi Karnataka, Adiya, Agarwal, Ager, Agria, Ahir, Ahirwar, Aheria, Ajila, Ambalakkaran, Anamuk, Aray Mala, Arundhatiya, Arunthathiyar, Arwa Mala, Asadaru, Asodi, Audhelia, Badagaru, Badera, Bagdi, Bagri, Bahna, Bairagi Brahmin, Baira, Bais, Bakad, Balahi, Balija, Balmiki, Banchada, Bania, Banjara, [[Bansphor]..."

User talk:Bharatwiki Socrates

2026-08-14T16:56:35Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: /* Request for review: Draft:Sanjay Ghare */ Reply

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I hope you enjoy editing here and being a [[Bharatpedia:Bharatpedians|Bharatpedian]]! Please [[Bharatpedia:Sign your posts on talk pages|sign your name]] on talk pages using four [[tilde]]s (<code><nowiki>~~~~</nowiki></code>); this will automatically produce your username and the date. If you need help, check out [[Bharatpedia:Questions]], ask me on my talk page, or {{edit|Special:MyTalk|post a question on your own talk page|section=new|preload=Help:Contents/helpmepreload|preloadtitle=Help me!}}. Again, welcome!  [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf|talk]]) 20:54, 26 October 2023 (IST)

Thanks, Wikidwarf [[User:Magadha Historian|Magadha Historian]] ([[User talk:Magadha Historian#top|talk]]) 20:59, 26 October 2023 (IST)

== A barnstar for you! ==

{| style="border: 1px solid gray; background-color: #fdffe7;"
|rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;" | {{#ifeq:alt|alt|[[File:Epic Barnstar Hires.png|100px]]|[[File:Barnstar-stone2-noback.png|100px]]}}
|rowspan="2" |
|style="font-size: x-large; padding: 0; vertical-align: bottom; height: 1.1em;" | '''The Epic Barnstar'''
|-
|style="vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid gray;" | Kudos for your exceptional work on history-related articles! Your dedication to accuracy and detail is truly commendable, and it's a pleasure to have so passionate contributors like you. Looking forward to more incredible contributions from you! Keep up the good work. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf|talk]]) 21:23, 20 November 2023 (IST)
|}

Thanks WikiDwarf [[User:Magadha Historian|Magadha Historian]] ([[User talk:Magadha Historian#top|talk]]) 21:33, 20 November 2023 (IST)

== Thanks ==

Many thanks for your encouragement.Cheers! -[[User:Kamal Guha|Kamal Guha]] ([[User talk:Kamal Guha|talk]]) 12:01, 25 November 2023 (IST)

== Autopatrolled granted ==

[[File:Check-green.svg|right|80px]]
Hi Magadha Historian, I just wanted to let you know that I have [//en.bharatpedia.org.in/index.php?title=Special%3ALog&type=rights&page=User%3AMagadha_Historian added] the "{{mono|autopatrolled}}" permission to your account, as you have created numerous, valid articles. This feature will have no effect on your editing, and is simply intended to reduce the workload on new page patrollers. For more information on the autopatrolled right, see [[Bharatpedia:Autopatrolled]]. However, you should consider adding stub-tags and categories to new articles that you create if you aren't already in the habit of doing so, since your articles will no longer be systematically checked by other editors. Feel free to leave me a message if you have any questions. Happy editing! [[User:Ajay Kumar|Ajay Kumar]] ([[User talk:Ajay Kumar|talk]]) 10:19, 28 November 2023 (IST)

Thanks Ajay [[User:Magadha Historian|Magadha Historian]] ([[User talk:Magadha Historian#top|talk]]) 10:41, 28 November 2023 (IST)

== Rollback granted ==

[[File:Rollbacker.png|right|130px]]
Hi Magadha Historian, I've reviewed your request and temporarily [https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ALog&type=rights&user=&page=User%3AMagadha_Historian granted] you the ability to rollback edits on your account until {{{expiry}}}. You can now use the "Rollback" button to quickly revert clear cases of vandalism. Please keep the following things in mind while using rollback:

*Rollback doesn't give you special status on Bharatpedia; it's just a tool.
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*When in doubt, ask for guidance.

If you no longer want rollback, let me know. For more information on how to use rollback, check [[Bharatpedia:Administrators' guide/Rollback]]. Feel free to reach out on my [[User talk:WikiDwarf|talk page]] if you need help or have questions. Thanks for helping combat vandalism. Happy editing! [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf|talk]]) 18:59, 29 November 2023 (IST)

: Thanks WikiDwarf [[User:Magadha Historian|Magadha Historian]] ([[User talk:Magadha Historian#top|talk]]) 19:02, 29 November 2023 (IST)

== Editor of the month (November 2023) ==

Dear Magadha Historian, Heartiest congratulations for securing the second position as "[[Bharatpedia:User of the month|editor of the month]]"! Your outstanding performance of making an impressive 548 unique edits and earning an incredible 396 scores in November has left everyone truly amazed. Though you may not have secured the top spot at this time, your dedication is truly valued.

To express our gratitude, we are delighted to offer you a special reward – a '''free item of your choice''' from [[:store:|our store]]! Simply reach out to us at {{nospam|info|bharatpedia.org}}, and we'll be thrilled to provide you with an exclusive coupon code. Your exceptional contributions have enriched the Bharatpedia community, and we are immensely proud to have you as part of the Bharatpedia family. Keep up the fantastic work, and we eagerly anticipate more great things from you!

Once again, congratulations on this well-deserved recognition, and thank you for your exceptional efforts. [[User:Bot|Bot]] ([[User talk:Bot|talk]]) 12:14, 2 December 2023 (IST)

== Thanks ==

Many thanks for the encouragement. - [[User:Kamal Guha|Kamal Guha]] ([[User talk:Kamal Guha|talk]]) 15:42, 2 December 2023 (IST)

: gmail me at , magadhahistorian@gmail.com let's discuss and built a strong Bharatpedians community. [[User:Magadha Historian|Magadha Historian]] ([[User talk:Magadha Historian#top|talk]]) 16:28, 2 December 2023 (IST)

== 3 November 2023 ==

You consider me more interference in my work. You have already targeted me for my administration. We can't take it anymore.Maybe you don't know how to respect a seniorI know better what work should be done and what work should not be done, so stop interfering with my work.Are You Understand! [[User:Muskit Gergous|Muskit Gergous]] ([[User talk:Muskit Gergous|talk]]) 01:07, 3 December 2023 (IST)
:Oppose and Support are requirement , read about the RFA. My opposition during your adminship request is based on a careful consideration of the criteria outlined in the procedure. It's not a personal disagreement but a part of the open and transparent evaluation process that ensures the best interests of the community. If there are specific points you'd like to discuss or if you have questions about my concerns, I'm open to constructive dialogue.[[User:Bharatwiki Socrates|Bharatwiki Socrates]] ([[User talk:Bharatwiki Socrates#top|talk]]) 09:52, 3 December 2023 (IST)

== Thank you ==

Many thanks for your encouragement. I am sorry for responding rather late. I was a bit unwell and therefore away Bharatpedia for some time. - [[User:Kamal Guha|Kamal Guha]] ([[User talk:Kamal Guha|talk]]) 15:46, 12 January 2024 (IST)
:Hi [[User:Kamal Guha|Kamal]], No need to apologize! I hope you feel better soon. Health of the well-being is the top priority. Thanks for all your efforts on Bharatpedia –I appreciate it. Take care and looking forward to your return! [[User:Bharatwiki_Socrates|🍁Bharatwiki Socrates🍁]][[User talk:Bharatwiki_Socrates|(📩)]] 15:21, 13 January 2024 (IST)

== Request for review: Draft:Sanjay Ghare ==

Hi,

Hope you're doing well. I have a draft biography at [[Draft:Sanjay Ghare]] that has been in the AfC queue for over three weeks. It was initially reviewed and declined on 16 July 2026 for insufficient independent sourcing, which I addressed in a full rewrite on 17 July. It has been pending re-review since.

When you have some time, would you be able to take a look? I've tried to address the notability concerns with independent editorial coverage.

Current sourcing:

* YourStory (2020 profile of the company and founder)
* PhocusWire (acquisition coverage, August 2023)
* Startup Pedia (biographical profile)
* Get Latka (business coverage)
* World Travel Tech Awards (industry recognition)
* Forbes editorial column (2025)

The subject is the co-founder and CEO of Vervotech, a Pune-based travel technology company acquired by Constellation Software in 2023.

I understand reviewers are volunteers and appreciate the time you take on this. Happy to make any further improvements if the sourcing still falls short.

<nowiki>Thanks, ~~~~</nowiki> [[User:Prashant1|Prashant1]] ([[User talk:Prashant1|talk]]) 14:41, 13 August 2026 (IST)

:The article is in fine frame, but the problem is with the sources for example, the startpedia source comes from a Facebook URL. Since another editor has already reviewed your work, just improve your sourcing and resubmit it. [[User:Bharatwiki_Socrates|🍁Bharatwiki Socrates🍁]][[User talk:Bharatwiki_Socrates|(📩)]] 22:26, 14 August 2026 (IST)

Nipah virus outbreaks in India

2026-08-10T16:15:21Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Created page with "{{Short description|History of Nipah virus outbreaks in India}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2026}} '''Nipah virus outbreaks in India''' refer to multiple episodes of infection caused by the Nipah virus (NiV), a zoonotic virus of the genus ''Henipavirus''. India has reported several outbreaks and isolated cases since 2001, primarily in the states of West Bengal and Kerala. The virus has a high case-fatality rate and is transmitted through contact with infect..."

{{Short description|History of Nipah virus outbreaks in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2026}}

'''Nipah virus outbreaks in India''' refer to multiple episodes of infection caused by the [[Nipah virus]] (NiV), a zoonotic virus of the genus ''Henipavirus''. India has reported several outbreaks and isolated cases since 2001, primarily in the states of [[West Bengal]] and [[Kerala]]. The virus has a high case-fatality rate and is transmitted through contact with infected fruit bats (''Pteropus'' species), contaminated food, or human-to-human transmission.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nipah virus |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/nipah-virus |publisher=World Health Organization |access-date=30 January 2026}}</ref>

== Background ==
Nipah virus was first identified during an outbreak in Malaysia in 1998. Fruit bats are the natural reservoir of the virus, and sporadic spillover events have occurred in South and Southeast Asia. Human infections often present with acute encephalitis or severe respiratory illness, with case fatality rates ranging from 40% to 75%.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Chadha |first=M. S. |title=Nipah virus-associated encephalitis outbreak, Siliguri, India |journal=Emerging Infectious Diseases |year=2006 |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=235–240}}</ref>

== Outbreaks in India ==

=== 2001: Siliguri, West Bengal ===
The first recognized Nipah virus outbreak in India occurred in Siliguri, West Bengal, between January and February 2001. A total of 66 cases of acute encephalitis syndrome were reported, with 45 deaths. Most infections occurred in hospital settings, indicating nosocomial transmission.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Chadha |first=M. S. |title=Nipah virus-associated encephalitis outbreak, Siliguri, India |journal=Emerging Infectious Diseases |year=2006 |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=235–240}}</ref>

The outbreak was controlled through improved infection control practices, patient isolation, and surveillance.

=== 2007: Nadia district, West Bengal ===
In April 2007, a cluster of encephalitis cases was reported in Nadia district, West Bengal. Five cases were confirmed, all of whom died. Epidemiological investigation suggested transmission from an index case who likely acquired the infection from bats, followed by person-to-person spread.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Arankalle |first=V. A. |title=Nipah virus infection in India |journal=Emerging Infectious Diseases |year=2011 |volume=17 |issue=5 |pages=822–824}}</ref>

=== 2018: Kozhikode and Malappuram, Kerala ===
In May 2018, Kerala experienced its first Nipah virus outbreak. Nineteen cases were reported, including 17 deaths. The outbreak was centered in Kozhikode and Malappuram districts. Human-to-human transmission was documented, particularly among caregivers and healthcare workers.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nipah virus – India |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/07-august-2018-nipah-virus-india-en |publisher=World Health Organization |date=7 August 2018}}</ref>

The Government of India and Kerala implemented extensive contact tracing, quarantine, and public health measures, successfully containing the outbreak.

=== 2019: Ernakulam, Kerala ===
In June 2019, a single confirmed case of Nipah virus infection was reported in Ernakulam district, Kerala. The patient survived, and no secondary cases were detected due to rapid containment and surveillance measures.<ref>{{cite news |title=Kerala reports Nipah case, patient stable |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/kerala-reports-nipah-case/article27898409.ece |work=The Hindu |date=4 June 2019}}</ref>

=== 2021: Kozhikode, Kerala ===
In September 2021, a 12-year-old boy from Kozhikode district died after being infected with Nipah virus. Over 240 contacts were traced and monitored, and no additional cases were reported.<ref>{{cite web |title=A case of Nipah Virus detected in Kozhikode district of Kerala |url=https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1752188 |publisher=Press Information Bureau |date=5 September 2021}}</ref>

=== 2023: Kozhikode, Kerala ===
In September 2023, Kerala reported six confirmed Nipah virus cases in Kozhikode district, resulting in two deaths. More than 1,200 contacts were traced. Genome sequencing confirmed the virus belonged to the Indian genotype closely related to Bangladesh strains.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nipah virus infection – India |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2023-DON490 |publisher=World Health Organization |date=3 October 2023}}</ref>

=== 2024: Malappuram, Kerala ===
In July 2024, a 14-year-old boy from Malappuram district died due to Nipah virus infection. Health authorities traced over 200 contacts, and no secondary transmission was reported.<ref>{{cite news |title=One dead from Nipah virus in India’s Kerala |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/one-dead-nipah-virus-indias-kerala-state-state-health-minister-says-local-tv-2024-07-21/ |work=Reuters |date=21 July 2024}}</ref>

=== 2025: Kerala ===
In 2025, Kerala reported four Nipah virus cases across Malappuram and Palakkad districts, including two fatalities. Investigations suggested independent zoonotic spillover events rather than a single transmission chain.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nipah virus infection – India |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2025-DON577 |publisher=World Health Organization |date=6 August 2025}}</ref>

=== 2026: North 24 Parganas, West Bengal ===
In January 2026, two healthcare workers in Barasat, North 24 Parganas district, tested positive for Nipah virus. Both survived. Extensive contact tracing found no additional cases.<ref>{{cite web |title=Nipah virus infection – India |url=https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2026-DON593 |publisher=World Health Organization |date=30 January 2026}}</ref>

== Year-wise summary ==

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !! Location !! Cases !! Deaths
|-
| 2001 || Siliguri, West Bengal || 66 || 45
|-
| 2007 || Nadia, West Bengal || 5 || 5
|-
| 2018 || Kozhikode–Malappuram, Kerala || 19 || 17
|-
| 2019 || Ernakulam, Kerala || 1 || 0
|-
| 2021 || Kozhikode, Kerala || 1 || 1
|-
| 2023 || Kozhikode, Kerala || 6 || 2
|-
| 2024 || Malappuram, Kerala || 1 || 1
|-
| 2025 || Kerala || 4 || 2
|-
| 2026 || North 24 Parganas, West Bengal || 2 || 0
|}

== See also ==
* [[Nipah virus]]
* [[List of epidemics in India]]
* [[Zoonotic diseases]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Nipah virus outbreaks]]
[[Category:Health disasters in India]]
[[Category:Viral outbreaks in India]]
[[Category:Epidemics in India]]

Talk:Main Page

2026-08-08T08:15:15Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Undo revision 552618 by 117.231.194.147 (talk)

== Whats Your opinion to Budget 2022 ==

Share Your Views ramizrajamalik 23:09, 5 February 2022 (IST)

== Update needed ==

News 🗞️ needed to be update on main page.[https://en.bharatpedia.org/wiki/Main_Page] [[User:Bharatwiki_Socrates|🍁Bharatwiki Socrates🍁]][[User talk:Bharatwiki_Socrates|(📩)]] 07:16, 21 February 2024 (IST)

== Suggestion for Main Page Updates ==

Hello,

I appreciate the work being done on Bharatpedia. I would like to suggest keeping the Main Page updated with recent developments in Indian tourism, wildlife conservation, science, and culture. Regular updates can help readers discover current topics and improve the overall experience.

Thank you for your efforts in maintaining the encyclopedia. [[Special:Contributions/122.176.19.181|122.176.19.181]] ([[User talk:122.176.19.181|talk]]) 11:43, 21 July 2026 (IST)

Lumbini Province

2026-08-08T08:07:52Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Created page with "{{short description|Province of Nepal}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Lumbini Province | native_name = लुम्बिनी प्रदेश | translit_lang1 = | translit_lang1_type1 = | translit_lang1_info1 = | other_name = | settlement_type = Province | image_skyline = {{ Photomontage | photo1a = Lumbini Buddhist pilgrimage IMG 0678 18.jpg | photo2a = Dhorpatan...."

{{short description|Province of Nepal}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Lumbini Province
| native_name = लुम्बिनी प्रदेश
| translit_lang1 =
| translit_lang1_type1 =
| translit_lang1_info1 =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[Provinces of Nepal|Province]]
| image_skyline = {{
Photomontage
| photo1a = Lumbini Buddhist pilgrimage IMG 0678 18.jpg
| photo2a = Dhorpatan.png
| photo3a = Rukum east Himalayas.jpg
| photo4a = Rani Mahal at Palpa.JPG
| photo4b = Bageshwori Temple Nepalgunj.JPG
| photo5a = Bengal Tiger Bardiya.jpg
| spacing = 1
| position = centre
| size = 275
| foot_montage = From Top left to right [[World Peace Pagoda, Lumbini|World Peace Pagoda]] in [[Lumbini]], [[Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve]], [[Dhaulagiri]] [[Himalayas]] in [[Eastern Rukum]], [[Ranighat Palace]] in [[Palpa District|Palpa]], [[Bageshwori Temple]] and a [[Bengal tiger]] at [[Bardiya National Park]]
}}
| imagesize =
| image_caption =
| image_map = Nepal Province 5.svg
| mapsize = 300px
| map_caption = Location of Lumbini Province
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 6
| mapframe-point = none
| image_map1 = <div class="center">{{Lumbini Province districts labelled map}}</div>
| mapsize1 = 300px
| map_caption1 = Divisions of Lumbini
| image_seal = Emblem of Lumbini Pradesh.png
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Nepal}}
| seat_type = [[Capital city|Capital]]
| seat = [[Deukhuri]]
| seat1_type = Largest City
| seat1 = [[Butwal]]
| parts_type = [[List of districts of Nepal|Districts]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 = [[List of districts of Lumbini Province|12]]
| governing_body = [[Provincial governments of Nepal|Government of Lumbini Pradesh]]
| leader_title = [[Governor of Lumbini Province|Governor]]
| leader_name = [[Krishna Bahadur Gharti]]
| leader_title1 = [[Chief Minister of Lumbini Province|Chief Minister]]
| leader_name1 = [[Chet Narayan Acharya]]
| leader_title2 = High Court
| leader_name2 = Tulsipur High Court
| leader_title3 = [[Provincial Assembly of Province No. 5|Provincial Assembly]]
| leader_name3 = [[Unicameralism|Unicameral]] (87 seats)
| leader_title4 = [[House of Representatives (Nepal)|Parliamentary constituency]]
| leader_name4 = 26
| established_title = Formation
| established_date = 20 September 2015
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 22,288
| area_rank = [[Provinces of Nepal#List of provinces of Nepal|3rd]]
| population_as_of = 2021
| population_footnotes =
| population_note =
| population_total = 5124225
| population_rank = [[List of Nepalese provinces by Population|3rd]]
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_rank = [[List of Nepalese provinces by Population|3rd]]
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Languages of Nepal|Official language]]
| blank_info_sec1 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]] (51.6%)
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Languages of Nepal|Other Official language(s)]]
| blank1_info_sec1 = 1. [[Tharu languages|Tharu (Dangaura)]] 2. [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]]
 3. [[Magar language|Magar]]
| blank_name_sec2 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]]
| blank_info_sec2 = {{increase}} 0.563 ({{color|#fc0|medium}})
| blank1_info_sec2 = [[List of Nepalese provinces by Human Development Index|4th]]
| blank2_name_sec2 = [[Literacy]]
| blank2_info_sec2 = {{increase}} 80.1% (2024)
| blank3_name_sec2 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank3_info_sec2 = 90.43 [[Male|♂]] /100 [[females|♀]] (2011)
| blank4_name_sec2 = [[GDP]]
| blank4_info_sec2 = 7.0 billion USD
| blank5_name_sec2 = [[List of Nepalese provinces by GDP|GDP rank]]
| blank5_info_sec2 = [[List of Nepalese provinces by GDP|3rd]]
| timezone = [[Nepal Time|NST]]
| utc_offset = +5:45
| coordinates = {{Coord|27|39|33.13|N|83|26|18.3|E|scale:1600000_type:country_region:NP}}
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m =
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| area_code =
| geocode = NP-FI
| website = http://ocmcm.p5.gov.np/
| footnotes =
| Seat1 =
| Seat1_type =
| official_name =
| coor_pinpoint =
| elevation_max_m = 7,246
| elevation_min_m = 90
| elevation_max_point = [[Putha Hiunchuli]]
| elevation_min_point = Rupandehi
| government_type = [[Autonomy|Self governing province]]
}}
'''Lumbini Province''' ({{langx|ne|लुम्बिनी प्रदेश|Lumbinī pradēśa}}, {{ipa|ne|lumbiniː|ipa}}) is a [[Provinces of Nepal|province]] in western [[Nepal]]. The country's [[Provinces of Nepal|third largest province in terms of area]] as well as [[List of Nepalese provinces by population|population]], Lumbini is home to the [[World Heritage Site]] of [[Lumbini]], where according to Buddhist tradition [[Gautama Buddha]], the founder of [[Buddhism]], was born.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha {{!}} Silk Roads Programme |url=https://en.unesco.org/silkroad/silk-road-themes/world-heritage-sites/lumbini-birthplace-lord-buddha#:~:text=The%20Lord%20Buddha%20was%20born,Emperor%20Asoka%20in%20249%20BC. |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111175656/https://en.unesco.org/silkroad/silk-road-themes/world-heritage-sites/lumbini-birthplace-lord-buddha#:~:text=The%20Lord%20Buddha%20was%20born,Emperor%20Asoka%20in%20249%20BC. |archive-date=11 November 2021 |access-date=11 November 2021 |publisher=UNESCO}}</ref>

Lumbini borders [[Gandaki Province]] and [[Karnali Province]] to the north, [[Sudurpashchim Province]] to the west, and [[Uttar Pradesh]] and [[Bihar]] of India to the south. Lumbini's capital, [[Deukhuri]], is near the geographic center of the province. The major cities in the province are [[Butwal]] and [[Siddharthanagar]] in [[Rupandehi District|Rupandehi]] district, [[Nepalgunj]] in [[Banke District|Banke]] district, [[Tansen, Nepal|Tansen]] in [[Palpa District|Palpa]] district, and [[Ghorahi]] and [[Tulsipur, Dang|Tulsipur]] in [[Dang District, Nepal|Dang]] district.{{citation needed|date=April 2025}}

== Capital ==
The Provincial Assembly adopted Lumbini Province as the permanent name by replacing its initial name '''''Province No. 5''''' on 6 October 2020 and [[Deukhuri]] was declared the provincial capital.<ref>{{cite web|title=It's official now: Dang is capital of Province 5, renamed as Lumbini|date=6 October 2020 |url=https://english.onlinekhabar.com/its-official-now-dang-is-capital-of-province-5-renamed-as-lumbini.html|access-date=6 October 2020|publisher=OnlineKhabar|archive-date=21 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121114724/https://english.onlinekhabar.com/its-official-now-dang-is-capital-of-province-5-renamed-as-lumbini.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Province 5 to be named Lumbini, Dang's Deukhuri permanent capital|url=https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/province-5-to-be-named-lumbini-dang-s-bhalubang-permanent-capital/|access-date=6 October 2020|work=[[Republica (newspaper)|MyRepública]]|archive-date=27 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127201149/https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/province-5-to-be-named-lumbini-dang-s-bhalubang-permanent-capital/|url-status=live}}</ref>

== History ==

=== Pre-history ===
The Churiya range linked with the [[Dang District, Nepal|Dang]] valley of Lumbini province has been archaeologically considered very ancient with the existence of [[Sivapithecus]]'','' a link between man ''a''nd ape. The pre-historic studies of the valley have been carried out extensively since the last century; by Tribhuvan University since 1966, [[American Museum of Natural History]] and the Department of Mines of then His Majesty's Government of Nepal from 1976, as well as the [[Paleolithic]] study of Dang valley by [[University of Erlangen-Nuremberg]] of [[Germany]] in 1984, among others. These researches have pointed out that Dang valley was a lake approximately 2.5 to 1 million years ago.<ref name=":11">{{Cite journal|last=Pandey|first=R.N.|year=1987|title=Paleo environment & pre-history of Nepal.|journal=CNAS:Tribhuvan University|volume=14|pages=116}}</ref>

=== Shakya-era ===
As per the Buddhist tradition, Queen [[Maya (mother of Buddha)|Maya Devi]] of [[Kapilavastu (ancient city)|Kapilavastu]] was traveling to her father's [[Koliya]] kingdom in Devdaha to give birth to her child as was the [[Shakya]] tradition. However, on the way she stopped near the garden of Lumbini to rest and went into labour thus giving birth to the future Buddha under a [[Shorea robusta|sal tree]]. [[Gautama Buddha]] was born in 623 BC in Lumbini, testified by the inscription on the pillar erected by the Mauryan Emperor [[Ashoka]] in 249 BC which marks the spot as the birthplace of ''[[Buddha Shakyamuni]]''.<ref name=":1" /> The inscription mentions, as translated by Paranavitana:<ref name=":8">{{Cite journal|last=Paranavitana|first=S.|year=1962|title=Rupandehi Pillar Inscription of Asoka|journal=Journal of the American Oriental Society|volume=82|issue=2|pages=163–167|doi=10.2307/597919|jstor=597919}}</ref>

{{blockquote|When King Devanampriya Priyadarsin had been anointed twenty years, he came himself and worshipped (this spot) because the [[Buddha Shakyamuni]] was born here. (He) both caused to be made a stone bearing a horse and caused a stone pillar to be set up, (in order to show) that the Blessed One was born here. (He) made the village of Lumbini free of taxes, and paying (only) an eighth share (of the produce).}}

[[File:Birth of Buddha at Lumbini.jpg|left|thumb|[[Gautama Buddha]]'s s birth in Lumbini (His mother [[Maya (mother of Buddha)|Maya Dev]]<nowiki/>i depicted holding a branch of [[Shorea robusta|sal tree]])]]
According to the [[Buddhist texts]], [[Gautama Buddha]] was born as a prince in a royal [[Shakya]] clan reigning over the kingdom of [[Kapilavastu (ancient city)|Kapilavastu]]. This ancient city has been widely identified as Tilaurakot of present [[Kapilvastu District|Kapilvastu]] district where ruins of the ancient fortified city have been found.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lumbini, Where I was Born – Lumbini Museum|url=https://lumbinimuseum.org/lumbini-where-i-was-born/|access-date=12 November 2021|language=en-US|archive-date=12 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112010642/https://lumbinimuseum.org/lumbini-where-i-was-born/|url-status=live}}</ref> Gautama was a prince of [[Kapilavastu (ancient city)|Kapilavastu]] until the age of 29, after which he left the palace behind and wandered throughout the Ganges plain as an ascetic – learning yoga and related concepts from various teachers.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Mathur|first=S. N.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C3hyv7aV9QgC&dq=gautama+buddha+birth+republics+nepal&pg=PA11|title=Gautam Buddha (The Spiritual Light Of Asia)|date=December 2005|publisher=Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd.|isbn=978-81-89182-70-0|language=en|access-date=11 November 2021|archive-date=11 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211111193728/https://books.google.fi/books?id=C3hyv7aV9QgC&pg=PA11&lpg=PA11&dq=gautama+buddha+birth+republics+nepal&source=bl&ots=4W9uCpxUd4&sig=ACfU3U1Dbfr-TF0B9ES9E-gdcCwiQk3Mzg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjo_K_b_JD0AhVylYsKHeaiC0EQ6AF6BAgeEAM#v=onepage&q=gautama%20buddha%20birth%20republics%20nepal&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>

After the death of [[Gautama Buddha]], eight princes out of sixteen [[Mahajanapada|mahājanapadās]] received Buddha's relics, one of them a [[Koliya]]n king of [[Parasi, Nepal|Rāmagrāma]] (present [[Parasi District|Parasi]] district) who built a stupa enshrining the relic. [[Buddhist texts]] point out the princes constructed a stupa at or near their capital city and enshrined Buddha's relics.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=Buddha's Mamaghar|url=http://ecs.com.np/features/buddhas-mamaghar|access-date=12 November 2021|website=ECS NEPAL|language=en|archive-date=12 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112095447/http://ecs.com.np/features/buddhas-mamaghar|url-status=live}}</ref> The site has the only undisturbed original stupa containing the relic of [[Gautama Buddha]] in the world,<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Ramagrama, the relic stupa of Lord Buddha|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/843/|access-date=12 November 2021|website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|language=en|archive-date=20 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620101806/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/843/|url-status=live}}</ref> and was added to the [[World Heritage Site|World Heritage]] Tentative List by [[UNESCO]] on 23 May 1996.

=== Reign of Ashoka the Great ===
[[File:BRP Lumbini Ashoka pillar.jpg|left|thumb|199x199px|Ashoka pillar of [[Lumbini]] ]]
Emperor [[Ashoka The Great]], having converted to [[Buddhism]] after being victorious in brutal wars, devoted himself to the spread of [[Gautama Buddha|Buddha]]'s teachings and erected monolithic columns known as [[Pillars of Ashoka]] at sites associated with the life of [[Gautama Buddha]]. One such pillar was erected by Ashoka in [[Lumbini]] in 249 BC, commemorating the sacred site of [[Gautama Buddha]]'s birth and declared the village free of taxation.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":8" />

In dedication to the two [[Buddha (title)|Buddhas]] of the past, Ashoka also set up a stone pillar and enlarged the stupa marking the birthplace of [[Kanakamuni Buddha|Buddha Kanakamuni]] at [[Nigali Sagar]] in [[Kapilvastu District]]. Another pillar, also in [[Kapilvastu District]], was erected commemorating [[Kakusandha Buddha]].<ref name=":9" />

=== Medieval Period ===
During the medieval period after the 11th century, [[Khasa Kingdom]] dominated much of western Nepal and western [[Tibet]] which was initially oriented towards [[Buddhism]] and Shamanism, and at their peak encompassed [[Guge]] and [[Burang Town|Purang]] of [[Tibet]] and western Nepal up to Kaskikot. King Ripumalla, one of the initial [[Khasa Kingdom|Khasa]] rulers, left an inscription on the Ashoka pillar with six-syllable [[mantra]] of Buddhism and his wish ''"''[[Om mani padme hum]]: May Prince Ripu Malla be long victorious''",'' dated around 1312 CE.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ian Alsop: The Metal Sculpture of the Khasa Mallas|url=https://www.asianart.com/articles/khasa/index.html|access-date=12 November 2021|website=asianart.com|archive-date=12 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112093949/https://www.asianart.com/articles/khasa/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=King Ripumalla – ruler of the Khasa Malla kingdom|url=https://tibetmuseum.app/index.php?w=coll&cat=P&id=78|access-date=12 November 2021|website=tibetmuseum.app|archive-date=12 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112093950/https://tibetmuseum.app/index.php?w=coll&cat=P&id=78|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Tucci|first=Giuseppe|url=http://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.6480|title=Preliminary report on two scientific expeditions in Nepal|date=1956}}</ref>
[[File:Lumbini pillar Medieval inscription.jpg|thumb|The Lumbini pillar inscription of [[Khasa Kingdom|Khas]] King Ripu Malla: ''"[[Om mani padme hum]], May Prince Ripu Malla be long victorious.''"(1312 CE)|189x189px]]
After the late 13th century, Khasa kingdom disintegrated into numerous principalities each with its own ruler. In the 18th century, King [[Prithvi Narayan Shah]], born from the marriage of king [[Nara Bhupal Shah]] of the [[Gorkha Kingdom]] and Queen [[Kaushalyavati Devi]], the princess of the [[Palpa District|Palpa]] kingdom; set out on a conquest to unify the region into modern Nepal.

=== Modern history ===
====Anglo-Nepalese War====

The [[Anglo-Nepalese War]] (1814–1816) took place between the [[Gorkhali army]] of the [[Kingdom of Nepal]] and the British forces of the [[East India Company]] for two years leading to the [[Sugauli Treaty]] in 1816 which demarcated the boundary of the Kingdom of Nepal. Among the prominent battles during the [[Anglo-Nepalese War]], the [[Battle of Jitgadhi]] - fought in January 1815 and again in April 1815 - was marked by the victory of the [[Gorkhali army]]. The Nepalese Colonel [[Ujir Singh Thapa]], who led the kingdom of Nepal to victory in this battle, is revered as one of the national heroes in the military history of Nepal.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |title=Nepali Military Academy {{!}} नेपाली सैनिक प्रतिष्ठान |url=https://nma.nepalarmy.mil.np/page/history |access-date=2023-03-11 |website=nma.nepalarmy.mil.np}}</ref>

'''Battle of Jit Gadhi''' [[File:Ujir Singh Thapa.jpg|thumb|Colonel [[Ujir Singh Thapa]] stood victorious against the English troops|147x147px|left]]
[[File:Jitgadi Fort.png|thumb|194x194px|[[Jit Gadhi]] fort - used by the victorious Nepalese troops in the battle against the [[British Empire|British]] [[East India Company]] (1815 AD)]]
After the [[Kingdom of Nepal]] outright refused the proposal of British [[East India Company]] which wanted to claim its sovereignty in the territories of Butwal and Sheoraj, General John Sullivan Wood of the [[East India Company]] led an offensive column to the fort of [[Jit Gadhi]] in January 1815 AD. The frontier fort, which was surrounded by dense forest and situated on the west bank of the river [[Tinau]] on a primary route to [[Tansen, Nepal|Tansen]], was being held by Nepalese Colonel [[Ujir Singh Thapa]] - the nephew of Nepalese Prime Minister [[Mukhtiyar]] [[Bhimsen Thapa]].

Although low in number and acutely inferior in firepower, the strong resistance put forward by Colonel [[Ujir Singh Thapa]] thwarted the incursion of the British forces into Nepal twice in January 1815 and April 1815. The battle established Colonel Thapa as a national military hero and forced the English troops to withdraw.<ref name=":10" />

====Historical Districts====

During the Rana regime, the region was politically divided into administrative districts Butwal, Palpa, Deukhuri, Sallyana, Banke, Bardiya and Pyuthan.

== Geography ==
Lumbini, with an area of 22,288 square kilometers (8,605.44 sq. mi) covers about 15.1% of the country's total area. Lumbini Province is almost the size of [[United States|US]] state of [[New Jersey]]. The province extends 150 km (93 mi) north to south and about 300 km (186 mi) east to west at its maximum width. It shares 413.14 km (256 mi) of border with India (states of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shrestha|first=SI Arjun|title=Introduction|url=https://lumbini.nepalpolice.gov.np/index.php/about-us/introduction|access-date=12 January 2021|website=lumbini.nepalpolice.gov.np|language=en-gb|archive-date=26 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126071849/https://lumbini.nepalpolice.gov.np/index.php/about-us/introduction|url-status=live}}</ref>

The Province is geographically bordered with Gandaki Province to the east and north, by Karnali province to the north and west, by Sudurpaschim Province to the west and by India to the south. There are three ecological regions of Mountains, Hills and Terai; each occupying 3.1%, 69.3% and 27.6% of the province respectively.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Plan For Development Of State 5|url=https://risingnepaldaily.com/featured/plan-for-development-of-state-5|access-date=17 November 2021|website=GorakhaPatra|language=en}}</ref>
{{Pie chart|thumb=right|caption='''Land Utilization in Lumbini'''|label1=[[Forest]]|color1=Green|value1=45|label2=[[Agriculture]]|color2=Yellow|value2=29|label3=[[Housing]]|color3=Black|value3=14|label4=[[Grassland]]|color4=lime|value4=5|label5=[[Barren vegetation]]|color5=Brown|value5=5|label6=[[Water]]|color6=Blue|value6=1|label7=Others|color7=Red|value7=1}}
{| class="wikitable"
|+Ecological regions of Lumbini Province
!Ecological regions
!Percentage of territory
|-
|Mountains
|3.1%
|-
|Hills
|69.3%
|-
|Terai (plain)
|27.6%
|}

=== Climate ===
Lumbini has a humid subtropical climate and experiences four seasons. The winter in January and February is followed by summer between March and May and the monsoon season between June and September.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Department of Hydrology and Meteorology|url=http://www.dhm.gov.np/|access-date=2 January 2021|website=dhm.gov.np|archive-date=17 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217035421/http://www.dhm.gov.np/|url-status=live}}</ref> In winter, it's sunny and mild, pleasantly warm during the day but cool at night, sometimes even cold. The average temperature in January is around 15 °C (59 °F). But the northern parts of the province get colder and can experience snowfall. By March, the temperature rises considerably and it begins to be hot, while from April to June it's scorching hot, and highs can reach or exceed 40 °C (104 °F) in southern plains.

In June, the summer [[monsoon]] arrives, characterized by heavy rains, in the form of downpours and thunderstorms. The monsoon arrives first in the east, in early June, while in the west it comes in the middle of the month or so. The temperature decreases, with the maximum dropping to around 32 °C (90 °F) in July and August, but the humidity increases, making the heat muggy. The rains are heavy, especially in July and August, when they exceed 300 millimeters (12 inches) per month, but in certain areas at the foot of the mountains, they can exceed 600 mm (23.5 in) per month.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nepal climate: average weather, temperature, precipitation, best time|url=https://www.climatestotravel.com/climate/nepal|access-date=2 January 2021|website=climatestotravel.com|archive-date=14 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114144053/http://www.climatestotravel.com/climate/nepal|url-status=live}}</ref> The monsoon starts to withdraw by early October in the west, and about a week later in the east. The weather returns to be sunny, and even though October is still a hot month, the humidity decreases, and the night temperature becomes a bit cooler.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:auto;"
|+Average temperatures and precipitation for selected communities in Lumbini<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nepal Travel Weather Averages (Weatherbase)|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/city.php3?c=NP&name=Nepal|access-date=28 April 2018|website=Weatherbase|archive-date=30 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930103444/https://weatherbase.com/weather/city.php3?c=NP&name=Nepal|url-status=live}}</ref>
!Location
!August
(°F)
!August
(°C)
!January
(°F)
!January
(°C)
!Annual
Precipitation

(mm/in)
|-
|[[Butwal]]
|79
|26.1
|55.6
|13.1
|1827.2/71.9
|-
|[[Gulariya]]
|84.4
|29.1
|59.4
|15.2
|1503.7/59.2
|-
|[[Nepalgunj]]
|84.4
|29.1
|59.5
|15.3
|1302.1/51.3
|-
|[[Siddharthanagar]]
|79.7
|29
|55.4
|15.9
|1762.7/69.4
|-
|[[Sitganga]]
|75.6
|24.2
|51.8
|11
|1633.2/64.3
|-
|[[Tansen, Nepal|Tansen]]
|76.8
|24.9
|53.4
|11.9
|1949.3/76.7
|-
|[[Tulsipur, Dang|Tulsipur]]
|79.7
|26.5
|55.4
|13
|1495.4/58.9
|}

=== Valleys ===

==== Dang-Deukhuri ====
Dang and Deukhuri valleys, 10 km apart, are located in the [[Dang Deukhuri District]]. The Dang Valley lies between the Mahabharat Range in the north and the [[Sivalik Hills|Churia Range]] in the south. It forms a nearly 1,000 km2 (390 sq mi) plain within a local [[drainage basin]] of less than 3,000 km2 (1,200 sq mi). It is drained by the [[Babai River]], and is one of the largest [[Inner Terai Valleys of Nepal|Inner Terai valleys]]. Deukhuri Valley is southeast of the Dang Valley and extends about 60 km (37 mi) in WNW-ESE direction with a maximum width of 20 km (12 mi), and is surrounded by [[Sivalik Hills]] on all sides. It forms a nearly 600 km2 (230 sq mi) plain within a drainage basin of 6,100 km2 (2,400 sq mi). The valley is drained by the [[West Rapti River]].
[[File:Landscape in Dang district, view from Ghorahi, Nepal 2015-10-30 B.jpg|thumb|260x260px|[[Dang Deukhuri District|Dang]] valley is one of the largest [[Inner Terai Valleys of Nepal|Inner Terai valleys]] of Nepal]]
The elevations of Dang and Deukhuri valleys are 700 meters and 300 meters from sea level respectively. Late [[Cenozoic]] sedimentary sequences are well exposed along the southern part of Dang and all sides of Deukhuri valley, and mostly consist of deformed rocks resulting from the persistence of shortening between [[India Plate|Indian Plate]] and [[Eurasian Plate]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Yoshida|first=Kohki|date=2011-01-01|title=Lithostratigraphy and structures of the Siwaliks rocks in the southern part of Dang and its surrounding area, Southwestern Nepal|url=https://www.academia.edu/28011460|language=en}}</ref> The two valleys have been considered a vital location of [[Upper Paleolithic|Paleolithic]] archeology in South [[Asia]] due to the abundant presence of ancient [[Upper Paleolithic|Paleolithic]] tool sites.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Schug|first1=Gwen Robbins|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7xv-CwAAQBAJ&dq=corvinus+dang+valley&pg=PA414|title=A Companion to South Asia in the Past|last2=Walimbe|first2=Subhash R.|date=2016-04-13|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-119-05547-1|language=en}}</ref>

Other small valleys of the province are located in districts like Arghakhanchi ([[Inner Terai Valleys of Nepal|Rapti]]), Palpa ([[Rampur, Palpa|Rampur]]), Gulmi ([[Marbhung-1, Simaltari, Gulmi|Simaltari]]), Pyuthan ([[Bangesal|Darban]] and [[Gothibang|Bajipur]]).<ref>{{Cite report|url=https://www.academia.edu/27155591|title=Inventory of Valleys in Nepal|last1=Shrestha|first1=Surendra|last2=Shah|first2=Surendra|publisher=Minister of Irrigation Groundwater Resources Development Board, Nepal|language=en|access-date=26 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117183526/https://www.academia.edu/27155591|archive-date=17 November 2021|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Forests ===
[[File:Bardiya National Park.jpg|thumb|261x261px|Forest zone in [[Bardiya District|Bardiya]] district]]
About 15% of the total land is covered in [[Nature reserve|protected forest]] in the province.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:auto;"
|+Forest area by districts in the province.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ministry of Forests and Environment|url=http://mofe.gov.np/|access-date=26 October 2020|website=mofe.gov.np|archive-date=29 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029091250/http://mofe.gov.np/|url-status=live}}</ref>
!Districts
!Forest (%)
!Area (ha.th.)
|-
|[[Arghakhanchi District|Arghakhanchi]]
|59.69
|73.96
|-
|[[Banke District|Banke]]
|62.70
|117.91
|-
|[[Bardiya District|Bardiya]]
|56.82
|113.69
|-
|[[Dang District, Nepal|Dang]]
|65.60
|200.72
|-
|[[Gulmi District|Gulmi]]
|41.83
|46.34
|-
|[[Kapilvastu District|Kapilvastu]]
|36.92
|60.97
|-
|[[Parasi District|Parasi]]
|81.30
|22
|-
|[[Palpa District|Palpa]]
|56.62
|82.77
|-
|[[Pyuthan District|Pyuthan]]
|48.95
|64.67
|-
|[[Rolpa District|Rolpa]]
|52.82
|99.60
|-
|[[Rukum District|Rukum]]
|39.39
|66.25
|-
|[[Rupandehi District|Rupandehi]]
|19.54
|25.51
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''50.43'''
|'''974.38'''
|}

===Mountains===
[[File:Mt Sisne, Rukum.JPG|thumb|Mountains in [[Eastern Rukum District|Eastern Rukum]]; Dhaulagiri [[Himalayas]] in the background]][[File:Mount Putha Rukum east.png|thumb|[[Putha Hiunchuli|Putha Himchuli]] (Dhaulagiri VII), [[Eastern Rukum District|East Rukum]]]][[File:Alonzo-Lyons-Sisne-Rukum-Nepal-IMG 6287.jpg|thumb|Mount Sisne, [[Eastern Rukum District|East Rukum]]]]
Being the only mountain district of Lumbini province, most of the prominent peaks of the province lie in [[Eastern Rukum District]] along the Dhaulagiri range.<ref>{{Cite web|title=NMA Peak Profile Search|url=https://nepalhimalpeakprofile.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6096&Itemid=280|access-date=13 August 2021|website=nepalhimalpeakprofile.org|archive-date=13 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813071040/https://nepalhimalpeakprofile.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6096&Itemid=280|url-status=live}}</ref> The tallest mountain of Lumbini Province in Eastern Rukum, [[Putha Hiunchuli|Putha Himchuli]] also known as Mount Dhaulagiri VII, has an altitude of 7,246 meters and is one of the popular trekking peak of the Dhaulagiri region.{{citation needed|date=September 2024}} The mountain was first ascended jointly by British explorer J.O.M Roberts and Nepalese climber Ang Nyima Sherpa in 1954.<ref name=":7" /> Mount Sisne I remained an unclimbed summit until 2013, and the first successful ascent was made by a mountaineering team led by Man Bahadur Khatri.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sisne|url=https://nepalhimalpeakprofile.org/sisne|access-date=2022-02-07|website=nepalhimalpeakprofile.org}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ List of highest peaks of Lumbini<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nepal Himal Peak Profile|url=https://nepalhimalpeakprofile.org/|access-date=18 August 2021|website=nepalhimalpeakprofile.org|archive-date=13 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813170200/https://nepalhimalpeakprofile.org/|url-status=live}}</ref>
!S/N
!Mountains
!Elevation
(meters)
!District
!Range
!Additional
Information
|-
|1
|[[Putha Hiunchuli|Mount Putha I]]
|7,246
|[[Eastern Rukum District]]
|[[Dhaulagiri|Dhaulagiri Range]]
|[[List of highest mountains on Earth|95th highest]] in the world.
Date of first ascent: 1954 AD
|-
|2
|[[Putha Hiunchuli|Mount Putha II]] (Putha shoulder)
|6,598
|[[Eastern Rukum District]]
|[[Dhaulagiri|Dhaulagiri Range]]
|
|-
|3
|Mount Dogari (South)
|6,315
|[[Eastern Rukum District]]
|[[Dhaulagiri|Dhaulagiri Range]]
|
|-
|4
|Mount Samjang
|5,924
|[[Eastern Rukum District]]
|[[Dhaulagiri|Dhaulagiri Range]]
|
|-
|5
|Hiunchuli Patan
|5,916
|[[Eastern Rukum District]]
|[[Dhaulagiri|Dhaulagiri Range]]
|
|-
|6
|Mount Nimku
|5,864
|[[Eastern Rukum District]]
|[[Dhaulagiri|Dhaulagiri Range]]
|
|-
|7
|Mount Sisne II
|5,854
|[[Eastern Rukum District]]
|[[Dhaulagiri|Dhaulagiri Range]]
|
|-
|8
|Mount Sisne I
|5,849
|[[Eastern Rukum District]]
|[[Dhaulagiri|Dhaulagiri Range]]
|Date of first ascent:
26 May 2021 AD<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sisne|url=https://nepalhimalpeakprofile.org/sisne|access-date=18 August 2021|website=nepalhimalpeakprofile.org|archive-date=18 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210818025854/https://nepalhimalpeakprofile.org/sisne|url-status=live}}</ref>
|}
A recent 2023 study in the highland community areas of the Himalayan region in Eastern Rukum has shown their disproportionate impact to [[climate change]] crisis, such as changes in rainfall patterns, droughts, unpredictable seasonal changes and absence of snow.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-20 |title=Climate crisis ruins Himalayan pastoralists |url=https://globalvoices.org/2024/02/20/climate-crisis-ruins-himalayan-pastoralists/ |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=Global Voices |language=en}}</ref> The direct impacts are being felt more severely by pastoral communities due to depleting grasslands. [[United Nations Mission in Nepal|UN Mission in Nepal]] (UNMIN) is operational in eastern Rukum, and is a development partner in areas such as climate vulnerability, sustainable environmental and economical development, among others.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rukum East Cluster |url=https://www.umn.org.np/rukum/ |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=United Mission to Nepal |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Protected areas ===
[[File:Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) female and juvenile.jpg|thumb|267x267px|[[Gharial]]s (Gavialis gangeticus) sun basking in [[Bardiya National Park]]]]
Three regions of the province have been designated as protected; two national parks in the [[Terai]] lowlands of [[Banke District|Banke]] and [[Bardiya District|Bardiya]] - namely [[Banke National Park]] and [[Bardiya National Park]] which constitute the Tiger Conservation Unit of Nepal and a hunting reserve in the north of the province called [[Dhorpatan Hunting Reserve]] in [[East Rukum District|Eastern Rukum]] which is the only hunting reserve in the country.<ref>{{Cite web |title=DNPWC |url=http://dnpwc.gov.np/ |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation}}</ref>

=== Lakes and Rivers ===
With a multi-altitudinal variation in regional landscape stretching from high mountains in the north, to the hills in the middle and to the plains of the south; Lumbini province has 97 lakes with the plains of [[Terai]] constituting 92% of all the lakes of the province. The hilly and the mountain region constitute 6% and 2% of all the lakes respectively. District-wise, [[Rupandehi District|Rupandehi]] has 28 lakes making it the district with the largest number of lakes of the province; followed by [[Kapilvastu District|Kapilvastu]] (24), [[Parasi District|Parasi]] (21), [[Dang District, Nepal|Dang]] (8), [[Banke District|Banke]] (4), [[Bardiya District|Bardiya]] (3), [[Arghakhanchi District|Arghakhanchi]] (2), [[Palpa District|Palpa]] (2),[[Pyuthan District|Pyuthan]] (2), [[East Rukum District|Eastern Rukum]] (2) and [[Rolpa District|Rolpa]] (2).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lumbini Province – National Lake Conservation Development Committee (NLCDC) |url=https://nepallake.gov.np/map-based-2/province-5/ |access-date=2023-03-25}}</ref> Some of the most popular lakes of the province are [[Barhakune Daha|Bahrakune]], [[Jakhera Tal|Jakhera]], [[Gajedi Taal|Gajedi]] and [[Taalpokhara]].
[[File:Babai River 07.jpg|thumb|270x270px|[[Babai River]] of Lumbini Province is a site of [[Paleolithic]] [[Hand axe]]s, dated (1.8 million to 100,000 years ago)]]
One of the five sacred rivers of [[Buddhism]], the ancient Airavati river now known as the [[West Rapti River]], has its drainage source in the lesser Himalayas of [[Eastern Rukum District|Eastern Rukum]] in the north of the province.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Singh |first=P. |date=2016 |title=Flood and its relationship to developmental activities in Rapti river basin, Gorakhpur |journal=International Journal of Scientific & Innovative Research Studies |pages=26–35}}</ref> The river flows traversing the districts of [[East Rukum District|Eastern Rukum]], [[Rolpa District|Rolpa]], [[Arghakhanchi District|Arghakhanchi]], [[Pyuthan District|Pyuthan]], [[Dang District, Nepal|Dang]], and [[Banke District|Banke]]. The river then flows to the [[Sravasti]] district of [[States and union territories of India|Indian State]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]] - one of the ancient and most sacred city of [[Buddhism]] where [[Gautama Buddha]] spent most of his life after enlightenment.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Five Rivers of the Buddhists |url=http://ccbs.ntu.edu.tw/FULLTEXT/JR-ENG/hoey.htm |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=ccbs.ntu.edu.tw}}</ref> The [[Rohni River|Rohini River]], one of the prominent river flowing through [[Kapilvastu District|Kapilvastu]] and [[Rupandehi District|Rupandehi]], is a left tributary of the [[West Rapti River]]. [[Gandaki River]], on the north-east, marks the boundary of Lumbini province with [[Gandaki Province]].

Another river called [[Babai River]] draining the inner Terai of [[Dang District, Nepal|Dang Valley]], [[Salyan District, Nepal|Salyan]] and [[Bardiya District|Bardiya]] remains a river of particular international archeological interest. The discovery of ancient [[Hand axe]]s and other artifacts on the deposits along the river in [[Dang District, Nepal|Dang Valley]] have marked the region as prehistoric. The artifacts have been dated to early [[Paleolithic]] (1.8 million to 100,000 years ago) and are classified as [[Acheulean]] or second-generation tools that succeed the oldest [[Olduwan]].<ref name=":11" />

== Demographics ==
In 2021 Lumbini had a census population of 5,122,078 with 1,141,902 households.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nepal: Administrative Division (Provinces and Districts) – Population Statistics, Charts and Map|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/php/nepal-admin.php|access-date=29 October 2020|website=citypopulation.de|archive-date=27 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927200948/http://www.citypopulation.de/php/nepal-admin.php|url-status=live}}</ref> 8.59% of the population is under 5 years of age. It has a literacy rate of 78.08% and a sex ratio of 1087 females per 1000 males.<ref name="provincialreport">{{Cite web |title=Provincial/District/Local reports: Lumbini Province |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/files/result-folder/province/Lumbini_Province_census_report.pdf |access-date= |website=Census Nepal 2021 |publisher=[[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal)|Central Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>

=== Ethnicity ===

{{Pie chart
|thumb = left
|caption=Castes/ethnic groups in Lumbini Province (2021)<ref name="caste"/>
|label1 = [[Magars|Magar]] |value1 = 14.57 |color1 = darkturquoise
|label2 = [[Tharu people|Tharu]] |value2 = 14.29 |color2 = olive
|label3 = [[Chhetri]] |value3 = 14.24 |color3 = red
|label4 = [[Bahun]] |value4 = 11.27 |color4 = orange
|label5 = [[Muslim]] |value5 = 7.13 |color5 = green
|label6 = [[Kami (caste)|Kami]] |value6 = 6.08 |color6 = salmon
|label7 = [[Yadavs of Nepal|Yadav]] |value7 = 4.09 |color7 = wheat
|label8 = [[Chamar]] |value8 = 2.10 |color8 = saddlebrown
|label9 = [[Damai]] |value9 = 1.92 |color9 = darksalmon
|label10 = [[Kurmi]] |value10 = 1.73 |color10 = bisque
|label11 = [[Sarki (caste)|Sarki]] |value11 = 1.49 |color11 = lightsalmon
|label12 = [[Thakuri]] |value12 = 1.47 |color12 = crimson
|label13 = Other Madheshi non-Dalit |value13 = 12.28 |color13 = khaki
|label14 = Other Hill Janjati |value14 = 2.77 |color14 = teal
|label15 = Other Madheshi Dalit |value15 = 2.67 |color15 = sienna
|label16 = Others |value16 = 1.90 |color16 = grey
}}

Lumbini province is ethnically diverse. The hill districts are dominated by the Magars (15% of the population), who are in majority in Palpa and East Rukum and are the largest ethnic group is multiple other hill districts. They are the dominant Hill Janjati group. Khas people make up a large population in both hills and plains. Khas people make up 37% of the population, of which Khas Dalits are 10% of the population.

The plains have inhabitants from all groups. The eastern Terai districts are dominated by Madheshis, but also have a significant minority from the hill districts. The western two districts of Banke and Bardiya are dominated by Tharus (14% of the population) with a large minority of hill people.<ref name="caste">{{Cite web |title=Table 1: Caste/Ethnicity and sex |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/downloads/caste-ethnicity |access-date=2024-03-16 |website=Census Nepal 2021 |publisher=[[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal)|Central Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>

=== Religion ===

{{Pie chart
| thumb = right
| caption = Religion in Lumbini Province (2021)<ref name="religion"/>
| label1 = [[Hinduism in Nepal|Hindu]]
| color1 = darkorange
| value1 = 88.36
| label2 = [[Islam in Nepal|Islam]]
| color2 = green
| value2 = 7.45
| label3 = [[Buddhism in Nepal|Buddhism]]
| color3 = yellow
| value3 = 1.99
| label4 = [[Christianity in Nepal|Christianity]]
| color4 = dodgerblue
| value4 = 1.15
| label5 = [[Animism|Prakriti]]
| color5 = limegreen
| value5 = 0.92
| label6 = Other or not stated
| value6 = 0.13
| color6 = black
}}

The majority of population in the province practices [[Hinduism in Nepal|Hinduism]], followed by [[Islam in Nepal|Islam]], [[Buddhism in Nepal|Buddhism]] and [[Christianity]]. Among these, almost 90% of the people identify themselves as Hindus and 7% identify themselves as Muslims, 2% as Buddhists and 1% as Christians. Often cited as an example of social harmony, the majority population of Hindus and Muslims of [[Lumbini]] and the surrounding villages have safeguarded and promoted the Buddhist heritage sites together in unison.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lumbini Development Trust- Birthplace of Buddha, Historical Place of Nepal, The World Heritage SiteLumbini Development Trust |url=https://lumbinidevtrust.gov.np/en/lumbini/content/111/29/3 |access-date=2023-03-12 |website=lumbinidevtrust.gov.np}}</ref><ref name="religion">{{Cite web |title=Table 5: Religion and sex |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/downloads/caste-ethnicity |access-date=2024-03-16 |website=Census Nepal 2021 |publisher=[[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal)|Central Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>

=== Language ===

{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Lumbini Province (2021)<ref name="mothertongue"/>
|thumb = right
|label1 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]] |value1 = 50.85 |color1 = orange
|label2 = [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]] |value2 = 16.70 |color2 = peru
|label3 = [[Tharu languages|Tharu]] |value3 = 13.59 |color3 = maroon
|label4 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] |value4 = 10.97 |color4 = gold
|label5 = [[Magar language|Magar Dhut]] |value5 = 3.81 |color5 = orchid
|label6 = [[Magar Kham language|Magar Kham]] |value6 = 1.15 |color6 = violet
|label7 = Others |value7 = 2.93 |color7 = grey
}}

[[Nepali language|Nepali]] is the most spoken language of the province, and is the dominant language in the hills and a significant minority language in the plains. Awadhi and Bhojpuri are the two main languages in the plains, while Tharu is dominant in the westernmost two districts in the plains. The two Magar languages ([[Magar language|Dhut]] and [[Magar Kham language|Kham]]) are both spoken in the hills.<ref name="mothertongue">{{Cite web |title=Table 5: Mother tongue and sex |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/downloads/caste-ethnicity |access-date= |website=Census Nepal 2021 |publisher=[[Central Bureau of Statistics (Nepal)|Central Bureau of Statistics]]}}</ref>

The [[Language Commission (Nepal)|Language Commission of Nepal]] has recommended [[Tharu language|Tharu]] and [[Awadhi language|Awadhi]] as official languages in the province. The commission has also recommended [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], [[Magar language|Magar]] and [[Maithili language|Maithili]] to be additional official languages, for specific regions and purposes in the province.<ref name="langcomreport">{{cite web |title=सरकारी कामकाजको भाषाका आधारहरूको निर्धारण तथा भाषासम्बन्धी सिफारिसहरू (पञ्चवर्षीय प्रतिवेदन- साराांश) २०७८ |url=https://languagecommission.gov.np/files/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%20%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3%20%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%20%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%20%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE.pdf |website=Language Commission |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=6 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210906171816/https://languagecommission.gov.np/files/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%20%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3%20%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%20%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%20%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Administrative subdivisions ==
{{See also|Districts of Nepal|List of cities in Nepal|List of gaupalikas of Nepal}} There is a total of 109 local administrative units in the province which include four sub-metropolitan cities, 32 urban municipalities, and 73 rural municipalities.<ref>{{Cite web|title=स्थानिय तह|url=http://103.69.124.141|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831065451/http://103.69.124.141/|archive-date=31 August 2018|access-date=27 April 2018|website=103.69.124.141}}</ref>
[[File:Districts of Lumbini.png|thumb|Districts of Lumbini|258x258px]]

=== Districts ===
{{Further|List of Districts of Lumbini}}
Districts in Nepal are the second level of administrative divisions after [[Provinces of Nepal|provinces]]. Lumbini Province is divided into 12 districts, which are listed below. A district is administered by the head of the [[District Coordination Committee]] and the District Administration Officer. The districts are further divided into municipalities or rural municipalities.

After the state's reconstruction of administrative divisions, [[Nawalparasi District]] and [[Rukum District]] were divided into [[Parasi District]] and [[Nawalpur District]], and [[Eastern Rukum District]] and [[Western Rukum District]] respectively.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Govt decides to divide parts of Rukum and Nawalparasi|url=https://kathmandupost.com/national/2017/04/26/govt-decides-to-divide-parts-of-rukum-and-nawalparasi|access-date=1 January 2021|website=kathmandupost.com|language=English|archive-date=17 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117183559/https://kathmandupost.com/national/2017/04/26/govt-decides-to-divide-parts-of-rukum-and-nawalparasi|url-status=live}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:auto;"
|+Districts of Lumbini Province
|- style="text-align:center;"
! Districts
! Nepali
! Headquarters
! Area (km2.)
! Population (2011)<ref name="cbs">[http://cbs.gov.np/image/data/Population/District%20Level%20Detail%20Report/Volume05Part01.pdf 2011 Census District Level Detail Report] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902103458/http://cbs.gov.np/image/data/Population/District%20Level%20Detail%20Report/Volume05Part01.pdf |date=2 September 2018 }}, Central Bureau of Statistics.</ref>
! Official Website
|-
| [[Kapilvastu District]]
| कपिलवस्तु जिल्ला
| [[Taulihawa, Nepal|Taulihawa]]
| align="right" | 1,738
| align="right" | 571,936
| [http://www.ddckapilvastu.gov.np]
|-
| [[Parasi District]]
| परासी जिल्ला
| [[Ramgram, Nepal|Ramgram]]
| align="right" | 634.88
| align="right" | 321,058
| [http://www.ddcnawalparasi.gov.np]
|-
| [[Rupandehi District]]
| रुपन्देही जिल्ला
| [[Siddharthanagar]]
| align="right" | 1,360
| align="right" | 880,196
| [http://www.ddcrupandehi.gov.np]
|-
| [[Arghakhanchi District]]
| अर्घाखाँची जिल्ला
| [[Sandhikharka]]
| align="right" | 1,193
| align="right" | 197,632
| [http://www.ddcarghakhanchi.gov.np]
|-
| [[Gulmi District]]
| गुल्मी जिल्ला
| [[Tamghas]]
| align="right" | 1,149
| align="right" | 280,160
| [http://www.ddcgulmi.gov.np]
|-
| [[Palpa District]]
| पाल्पा जिल्ला
| [[Tansen, Nepal|Tansen]]
| align="right" | 1,373
| align="right" | 261,180
| [http://www.ddcpalpa.gov.np]
|-
| [[Dang District, Nepal|Dang District]]
| दाङ जिल्ला
| [[Ghorahi]]
| align="right" | 2,955
| align="right" | 552,583
| [http://www.ddcdang.gov.np]
|-
| [[Pyuthan District]]
| प्युठान जिल्ला
| [[Pyuthan Municipality|Pyuthan]]
| align="right" | 1,309
| align="right" | 228,102
| [http://www.ddcpyuthan.gov.np]
|-
| [[Rolpa District]]
| रोल्पा जिल्ला
| [[Liwang, Rolpa|Liwang]]
| align="right" | 1,879
| align="right" | 224,506
| [http://www.ddcrolpa.gov.np]
|-
| [[East Rukum District|Eastern Rukum District]]
| पूर्वी रूकुम जिल्ला
| [[Rukumkot]]
| align="right" | 1,161.13
| align="right" | 53,018
| [http://www.ddcrukum.gov.np]
|-
| [[Banke District]]
| बाँके जिल्ला
| [[Nepalgunj|Nepalganj]]
| align="right" | 2,337
| align="right" | 491,313
| [http://www.ddcbanke.gov.np]
|-
| [[Bardiya District]]
| बर्दिया जिल्ला
| [[Gulariya Nepal|Gulariya]]
| align="right" | 2,025
| align="right" | 426,576
| [http://www.ddcbardiya.gov.np]
|-
! '''Lumbini Province'''
!'''लुम्बिनी प्रदेश'''
!'''[[Deukhuri]]'''
!'''22,288 km2'''
!'''4,499,272'''
! [http://www.p5.gov.np]
|}

=== Municipality ===
Cities and villages are governed by municipalities in [[Nepal]]. A district may have one or more municipalities. Lumbini has two types of municipalities.
# Urban Municipality ''{{small|(Urban Municipality has three levels):}}''
## Metropolitan city (''Mahanagarpalika'')
## Sub-metropolitan city (''Upa-mahanagarpalika'') and
## Municipality (''Nagarpalika'')
# Rural Municipality ([[Gaunpalika]])

The government of Nepal has set out a minimum criteria to meet city and towns. These criteria include a certain population, infrastructure and revenues.
{{Largest cities
| country = Lumbini Province
| stat_ref = Central Bureau of Statistics [http://cbs.gov.np/image/data/2017/Population_Ward_Level_753_Local_Unit.pdf]
| list_by_pop =
| div_name =
| div_link = List of districts of Nepal{{!}}District

|city_1 = Ghorahi
|div_1 = Dang District, Nepal{{!}}Dang
|pop_1 = 156,164

|city_2 = Tulsipur, Dang{{!}}Tulsipur
|div_2 = Dang District, Nepal{{!}}Dang
|pop_2 = 141,528

|city_3 = Nepalgunj
|div_3 = Banke District{{!}}Banke
|pop_3 = 138,951

|city_4 = Butwal
|div_4 = Rupandehi District{{!}}Rupandehi
|pop_4 = 138,741

|city_5 = Tilottama, Rupandehi{{!}}Tilottama
|div_5 = Rupandehi District{{!}}Rupandehi
|pop_5 = 100,149

|city_6 = Kapilvastu Municipality{{!}}Kapilvastu
|div_6 = Kapilvastu District{{!}}Kapilvastu
|pop_6 = 76,394

|city_7 = Banganga, Nepal{{!}}Banganga
|div_7 = Kapilvastu District{{!}}Kapilvastu
|pop_7 = 75,242

|city_8 = Lumbini Sanskritik
|div_8 = Rupandehi District{{!}}Rupandehi
|pop_8 = 72,497

|city_9 = Kohalpur
|div_9 = Banke District{{!}}Banke
|pop_9 = 70,647

|city_10 = Barbardiya
|div_10 = Bardiya District{{!}}Bardiya
|pop_10 = 68,012

|city_11 = Shivaraj Municipality{{!}}Shivaraj
|div_11 = Kapilvastu District{{!}}Kapilvastu
|pop_11 = 66,781

|city_12 = Gulariya
|div_12 = Bardiya District{{!}}Bardiya
|pop_12 = 66,679

|city_13 = Buddhabhumi
|div_13 = Kapilvastu District{{!}}Kapilvastu
|pop_13 = 64,949

|city_14 = Siddharthanagar
|div_14 = Rupandehi District{{!}}Rupandehi
|pop_14 = 63,483

|city_15 = Krishnanagar, Nepal{{!}}Krishnanagar
|div_15 = Kapilvastu District{{!}}Kapilvastu
|pop_15 = 65,602

|city_16 = Rajapur, Nepal{{!}}Rajapur
|div_16 = Bardiya District{{!}}Bardiya
|pop_16 = 59,553

|city_17 = Ramgram, Nepal{{!}}Ramgram
|div_17 = Parasi District{{!}}Parasi
|pop_17 = 59,455

|city_18 = Bansgadhi
|div_18 = Bardiya District{{!}}Bardiya
|pop_18 = 55,875

|city_19 = Sainamaina
|div_19 = Rupandehi District{{!}}Rupandehi
|pop_19 = 55,822

|city_20 = Sunwal
|div_20 = Parasi District{{!}}Parasi
|pop_20 = 55,424
}}

== Government ==
{{Main|Provincial governments of Nepal|3 = Dilli Bahadur Chaudhary cabinet {{!}} Cabinet of Lumbini Province}}
The Governor acts as the head of the province, while the Chief Minister is the head of the provincial government. The Chief Judge of the Tulsipur High Court is the head of the judiciary.<ref>{{Cite news|title=High Courts get their chief judges|language=en|url=http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2016-09-19/high-courts-get-their-chief-judges.html|access-date=27 April 2018|archive-date=23 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180323155525/http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/news/2016-09-19/high-courts-get-their-chief-judges.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The Speaker of the Assembly is Purna Bahadur Gharti.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Yadav, Gharti sworn in as speakers|url=https://kathmandupost.com/national/2018/02/15/yadav-gharti-sworn-in-as-speakers|access-date=1 January 2021|website=kathmandupost.com|language=English|archive-date=17 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117183529/https://kathmandupost.com/national/2018/02/15/yadav-gharti-sworn-in-as-speakers|url-status=live}}</ref> Umakanta Jha is the first Governor of Lumbini Province.<ref>{{Cite web|date=17 January 2018|title=Government finalises provinces' governors and temporary headquarters {{!}} NepaleKhabar.com|url=http://nepalekhabar.com/2018/01/79987|access-date=1 January 2021|website=nepaleKhabar|language=en-US|archive-date=15 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115144640/http://nepalekhabar.com/2018/01/79987|url-status=live}}</ref> Current Governor Dharma Nath Yadav was appointed on 4 November 2019 by the [[President of Nepal]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Who is who: These are new governors of Nepal's seven provinces|url=https://english.onlinekhabar.com/who-is-who-these-are-new-governors-of-nepals-seven-provinces.html|access-date=1 January 2021|website=OnlineKhabar English News|date=5 November 2019 |language=en-GB|archive-date=28 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628202744/https://english.onlinekhabar.com/who-is-who-these-are-new-governors-of-nepals-seven-provinces.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Provincial Assembly ===
{{Further|Provincial Assembly of Lumbini Province}}Lumbini provincial assembly is the [[unicameral]] [[legislative assembly]] consisting of 87 members. Candidates for each [[constituency]] are chosen by the [[List of political parties in Nepal|political parties]] or stand as independents. Each constituency elects one member under the [[first past the post]] (FPTP) system of election. The current constitution specifies that sixty percent of the members should be elected from the [[first past the post]] system and forty percent through the [[party-list proportional representation]] (PR) system. Women should account for one-third of total members elected from each party. If one-third percentage are not elected, the party that fails to ensure so shall have to elect one-third of the total number as women through the [[party-list proportional representation]].
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left"
|+[[File:Nepal Lumbini ProvincialAssembly 2022.svg|frameless|229x229px]]
|-
! colspan="2" |Party
!Parliamentary party leader
!Seats<ref>{{Cite web |title=लुम्बिनी प्रदेशमा २९ सिटसहित एमाले सबैभन्दा ठूलो दल |url=https://ekantipur.com/news/2022/12/06/167034199060492164.html |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=ekantipur.com |language=ne}}</ref>
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)}}" |
|[[CPN (UML)]]
|Lila Giri
|29
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Nepali Congress}}" |
|[[Nepali Congress]]
|[[Dilli Bahadur Chaudhary]]
|27
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)}}" |
|[[CPN (Maoist Centre)]]
|Jokh Bahadur Mahara
|10
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Nagrik Unmukti Party}}" |
|[[Nagrik Unmukti Party]]
|Dharma Bahadur Chaudhary
|4
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Rastriya Prajatantra Party}}" |
|[[Rastriya Prajatantra Party]]
|Ashish Kumar Chaudhary
|4
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Janamat Party}}" |
|[[Janamat Party]]
|[[Chandrakesh Gupta]]
|3
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Loktantrik Samajwadi Party, Nepal}}" |
|[[Loktantrik Samajwadi Party, Nepal|Loktantrik Samajwadi Party]]
|[[Santosh Kumar Pandeya]]
|3
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|People's Socialist Party, Nepal}}" |
|[[People's Socialist Party, Nepal (2020)|People's Socialist Party]]
|
|3
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist)}}" |
|[[CPN (Unified Socialist)]]
|
|1
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Rastriya Janamorcha}}" |
|[[Rastriya Janamorcha]]
|
|1
|-
| bgcolor="{{party color|Independent}}" |
|[[Independent politician|Independent]]
|
|2
|-
! colspan="3" |Total
!87
|}

== Economy ==
{{Main|Economy in Lumbini Province}}

[[File:Evening View of Butwal from Nuwakot.jpg|alt=Butwal is major financial city of Lumbini.|thumb|269x269px|[[Butwal]] is considered the financial capital of Lumbini.]]
As of 2021, Lumbini Province is the 2nd fastest growing province in Nepal after [[Bagmati Province]] and is third out of the [[Provinces of Nepal|seven provinces]] in terms of its contribution to the [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] (14% as of 2021).<ref name=":0" /> The two major custom points of Nepal, [[Nepalgunj|Nepalganj]] and [[Siddharthanagar]] (Bhairahawa) are situated in the south of the province, and are major transit zones of trade and transport through India.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Plan For Development Of State 5|url=https://risingnepaldaily.com/featured/plan-for-development-of-state-5|access-date=16 November 2021|website=GorakhaPatra|language=en|archive-date=16 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116211451/https://risingnepaldaily.com/featured/plan-for-development-of-state-5|url-status=live}}</ref> The rapidly expanding cities in Lumbini province, [[Butwal]] and [[Siddharthanagar]] in [[Rupandehi District]], [[Ghorahi]] and [[Tulsipur, Dang|Tulsipur]] in [[Dang District, Nepal|Dang District]], and [[Nepalgunj]] and [[Kohalpur]] in [[Banke District]] are major industrial centers.<ref>{{Cite web|title=NRB Study Shows Lumbini has High Potential in Agriculture, Tourism, and Industries|url=http://www.newbusinessage.com/Articles/view/14000|access-date=16 November 2021|website=newbusinessage.com|language=en|archive-date=16 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116231938/http://www.newbusinessage.com/Articles/view/14000|url-status=live}}</ref>

Ranking 2nd in the number of banks and financial institutions in Nepal after [[Bagmati Province]];<ref name=":4" /> several projects have been launched in the province to boost economic growth. Construction of the [[Gautam Buddha Airport|Gautam Buddha International Airport]], upgrade of the [[Nepalgunj Airport]] into an international airport as per the 20-years master plan, establishment of industrial units in [[Special economic zone]], and the opening of new hotels are expected to spur further economic growth in the province.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Airport construction triggers hotel boom in Rupandehi|url=https://kathmandupost.com/money/2018/04/12/airport-construction-triggers-hotel-boom-in-rupandehi|access-date=29 October 2020|website=kathmandupost.com|language=en|archive-date=24 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224191707/https://kathmandupost.com/money/2018/04/12/airport-construction-triggers-hotel-boom-in-rupandehi|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":5" /> The national pride projects which have been initiated in the province include:<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|title=Economic Activity Research-First Half Yearly Report(2077/78 BS)|publisher=Central Bank of Nepal|year=2021|pages=35–36|language=Nepali}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+National Pride Projects in Lumbini Province
!Project
!Investment (NPR)
|-
|[[Sikta Irrigation Project]]
|25.2 Billion
|-
|[[Babai Irrigation Project]]
|18 Billion
|-
|[[Bheri Babai Diversion Multipurpose Project|Bheri-Babai Diversion Multipurpose Project]] (including Karnali Province)
|33 Billion
|-
|[[Gautam Buddha Airport|Gautam Buddha International Airport]]
|6 Billion
|-
|[[Lumbini Development Trust]]
|7.5 Billion
|-
|Electricity Transmission Project (including Bagmati Province)
|61 Billion
|-
|[[Karnali Highway|North-South (Karnali) Highway]] (including Karnali Province)
|4.1 Billion
|}

=== Agriculture ===
The province has both [[Temperate climate|temperate]] and [[Tropical climate|tropical]] climates and is diverse in terms of agriculture crop production potentialities. The province is best suited for agriculture production with five core terai districts, one inner terai, and 6 other hill districts. The land is very fertile and a good source of irrigation prevails. [[Sikta Irrigation Project]] and [[Babai Irrigation Project|Babai Diversion and Irrigation project]] have benefited the agricultural production. The major crops are paddy, mustard, wheat, maize, sugarcane, vegetables, potato, lentils and cotton.<ref>{{Cite web|title=कृषि विभाग|url=http://doanepal.gov.np/ne/|access-date=4 January 2021|website=doanepal.gov.np|archive-date=22 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122184022/http://doanepal.gov.np/ne/|url-status=live}}</ref> Lumbini is self-sufficient in milk, cereal crops and pulses.
{{Box|The total land used for agriculture in Lumbini is 889,219 hectares. Land Holding for agriculture in the province is 484,678 hectares.|header=|align=left|inline=|style=solid|border color=green|box type=inline-block|wide=no|right padding=}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:auto;"
|+Agriculture land use area in Lumbini<ref>{{Cite web|title=NepalMap profile: Province No. 5|url=https://nepalmap.org/|access-date=24 October 2020|website=NepalMap|archive-date=16 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201016044638/https://nepalmap.org/|url-status=live}}</ref>
!Land use
!Percentage
!Area (Hectares)
|-
|[[Arable land]]
|45.5%
|404,541
|-
|[https://ec.europa.eu/knowledge4policy/glossary/temporary-crops_en#:~:text=Crops%20are%20divided%20into%20temporary,year%2C%20sometimes%20more%20than%20once. Temporary Crops]
|44.9%
|398,849
|-
|[[Permanent crop]]s
|5%
|44,388
|-
|[[Woodland]]/[[Forest]]
|0.9%
|8,343
|-
|[[Meadow]]s/[[Pasture]]
|0.6%
|5,561
|-
|[[Fallow|Temporary Fallow]]
|0.5%
|4,389
|-
|[[Meadow|Temporary Meadows]]
|0.2%
|1,303
|-
|[[Pond]]es
|0.1%
|828
|-
|Other
|2.4%
|21,017
|}

=== Industry ===
Lumbini province ranks 2nd in the country after [[Bagmati Province]] in the share of small, cottage and micro-level industries numbering 81,164 that create an estimated 493,686 employment.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Economic Survey 2020/2021|publisher=Government of Nepal, Ministry of Finance|year=2021|pages=214–222|language=English}}</ref> The province also ranks 2nd nationally, after Bagmati, in the share of manufacturing industry output.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Economic survey of Nepal 2022/2023 |journal=Economic Survey of Ministry of Finance, Government of Nepal}}</ref> By 2021, there were 16,549 registered companies in the province. In 2022, [[Samsung Electronics]] inaugurated a television assembly plant in [[Parasi District|Nawalparasi.]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ambassador Park attends the foundation ceremony of Samsung Electronics TV factory 상세보기{{!}}Bilateral RelationsEmbassy of the Republic of Korea in Nepal |url=https://overseas.mofa.go.kr/np-en/brd/m_1716/view.do?seq=759105 |access-date=2024-06-16 |website=overseas.mofa.go.kr}}</ref> Making the country self-sufficient in cement, Lumbini has the largest number of cement industries and constitutes 75% of total national production.<ref>Study of Optimum Forest Area for Lumbini Province to Balance Development and Environment. Issued by Province Planning Commission, Lumbini Province. Available at https://ppc.lumbini.gov.np/media/bids/Optimum_Forest_Study-_ToR-Revised_aAMybE8.pdf</ref>
[[File:Samsung Electronics logo (english).svg|thumb|156x156px|[[Samsung Electronics]] has television assembly plant in Lumbini province]]
Two of the prime industrial estates of Nepal in Lumbini Province - Nepalgunj industrial estate (district), the oldest industrial estate of the province, was established in 1973 AD and Butwal industrial estate was established in 1975 AD. Combined, the two industrial estates have about a hundred industries in the zone and are a significant source of revenue of the country. Post-promulgation of the [[Constitution of Nepal]] in 2015, further industrial estates were declared in the province by the Council of Ministers of the Government of Nepal: Motipur industrial estate in [[Rupandehi District|Rupandehi]] and Naubasta industrial estate in [[Banke District|Banke]] districts.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Industrial District Management Limited|url=https://www.idm.org.np/|access-date=2022-02-07|website=www.idm.org.np}}</ref> Similarly, Dang industrial estate has been declared in [[Dang Deukhuri District|Dang]] district.<ref>{{Cite web|last=RSS|title=Govt decides to establish an industrial estate in Dang|url=http://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/104365/|access-date=2022-02-07|website=My Republica|language=en}}</ref>

In addition, tourism industry is a massively growing industry in Lumbini province, welcoming the largest numbers of tourists in Nepal from about 113 countries worldwide.<ref name=":6" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=HABIB |first=MOHAMMAD |title=1.3m tourists from 113 nations visit Lumbini |url=http://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/82065/ |access-date=2021-12-28 |website=My Republica |language=en}}</ref>

==Tourism==
{{Main|Tourism in Lumbini Province}}

=== Lumbini ===
[[Lumbini]], considered one of the holiest place in [[Buddhism]] associated with the [[Gautama Buddha|Buddha]]'s birth, is a [[World Heritage Site]] and the most visited place in Nepal with 1.5 million tourist arriving annually.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|last=Sansar|first=Nepali|date=6 January 2020|title=Lumbini Tourist Arrivals Reach 1.5 Million in 2019|url=https://www.nepalisansar.com/tourism/lumbini-tourist-arrivals-reach-1-5-million-in-2019/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525144046/https://www.nepalisansar.com/tourism/lumbini-tourist-arrivals-reach-1-5-million-in-2019/|archive-date=25 May 2021|access-date=25 May 2021|website=Nepali Sansar|language=en-US}}</ref> Lumbini has a number of older temples, including the [[Maya Devi Temple, Lumbini|Mayadevi Temple]] - a site traditionally considered to be the birthplace of the Buddha, and various new temples funded by Buddhist organizations from various countries that have been completed or are still under construction.
[[File:BRP Lumbini Mayadevi temple.jpg|thumb|260x260px|[[Maya Devi Temple, Lumbini|Mayadevi Temple]] marking the [[Gautama Buddha|Buddha]]'s birthplace]]
The ancient ruins of complex structures have been conserved in the area including the Shakya tank – the remains within the Mayadevi Temple with brick structures and cross-wall system that have been dated from the 3rd century BC, [[Pillars of Ashoka|Ashoka pillar]], excavated remains of Buddhist monasteries of the 3rd century BC to the 5th century AD and the remains of Buddhist stupas (memorial shrines) dated between the 3rd century BC to the 15th century AD.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/666/|access-date=12 November 2021|website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|language=en|archive-date=9 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200909144335/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/666|url-status=live}}</ref> In addition to the ruins of ancient monasteries, there is a sacred [[Bodhi tree]] and an ancient bathing pond.
[[File:French monastery.jpg|thumb|257x257px|[[French people|French]] monastery in Lumbini complex]]
<gallery>
File:Royal Thai Monastery, Lumbini.jpg|Royal Thai monastery
File:Stupa in Lumbini.jpg|South Korean Stupa
File:2015-03-16 Lumbini（Sri Lanka temple）ルンビニ・スリランカ寺 DSCF1296.jpg|Sri Lankan Temple
File:Garden of Field of Stupas (German Monastery) - Lumbini Development Zone - Lumbini - Nepal (13848651175).jpg|German monastery
File:Austrian monastery 2.jpg|Austrian monastery
File:Zhong Hua Chinese Buddhist Monastery, Lumbini, Nepal.jpg|Chinese Monastery
</gallery>
[[File:World Peace Pagoda, Lumbini.jpg|thumb|World Peace Pagoda, Lumbini|253x253px]]
[[File:Shanti dip, Lumbini.jpg|thumb|Eternal Peace Flame (Shanti dip), [[Lumbini]]|179x179px]]Lumbini complex is divided into three areas: Sacred garden, Monastic zone, Cultural center and new Lumbini village. The sacred garden is the epicenter of the complex which is centered around the birthplace of [[Gautama Buddha|Buddha]] and consists of the Mayadevi Temple, the Asoka Pillar, the Marker Stone, the Nativity Sculpture, Sacred Pond (Puskarini), and many structural ruins including Buddhist Viharas & Stupas.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lumbini Development Trust- Birthplace of Buddha, Historical Place of Nepal, The World Heritage SiteLumbini Development Trust|url=http://lumbinidevtrust.gov.np/en/lumbini/content/19|access-date=12 November 2021|website=lumbinidevtrust.gov.np|archive-date=12 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112191710/http://lumbinidevtrust.gov.np/en/lumbini/content/19|url-status=live}}</ref> The monastic zone is divided into east and west each reflecting two different schools of Buddhism. As a centre of pilgrimage, many countries have established their monasteries in the complex reflecting their own cultural design and spirituality. In the large monastic zone only monasteries can be built; no shops, hotels or restaurants are allowed. The zone is divided into an eastern and western monastic zone, the eastern having the [[Theravada|Theravadin]] monasteries, the western having the [[Mahayana]] and [[Vajrayana]] monasteries. The Cultural Center consists of museums, Lumbini International Research Institute (LIRI), administration complex etc. and the New Lumbini Village has the World Peace Pagoda and the Lumbini Crane Sanctuary. World Peace Pagoda lies at the northern end of the Lumbini complex and was designed by Japanese buddhists to represent universal peace. <gallery>
File:Ruins within Maya Devi Temple Complex.jpg|Ruins within Maya Devi Temple complex
File:Lumbini,The Birth Place Of Gautam Buddha.jpg|Sacred Pond adjacent to Temple
File:The little Buddha statue at Maya Devi Temple, Lumbini,.jpg|Little Buddha Statue
File:Shanti stupa, World Peace Pagoda, Lumbini.jpg|World Peace Stupa gate
</gallery>

=== Kapilvastu ===
Widely attributed as the hometown of [[Gautama Buddha]], the [[Kapilvastu District]] of present-day Nepal has more than 130 archaeological sites, primarily concentrated in Tilaurakot, Kudan, Gotihawa, Niglihawa, Araurakot, Sagarhawa and Sisaniya. The region is also considered the hometown of two previous [[Buddhahood|Buddhas]] before Gautama: [[Kakusandha Buddha]] who was born in Gotihawa and [[Koṇāgamana Buddha]] who was born in Niglihawa.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|title=Lumbini Development Trust- Birthplace of Buddha, Historical Place of Nepal, The World Heritage SiteLumbini Development Trust|url=http://lumbinidevtrust.gov.np/en/greater-lumbini-area/content/73|access-date=12 November 2021|website=lumbinidevtrust.gov.np|archive-date=16 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116060955/http://lumbinidevtrust.gov.np/en/greater-lumbini-area/content/73|url-status=live}}</ref> Among three Ashoka pillars in Nepal, two are situated in Gotihawa and Niglihawa erected during King Ashoka's visit to ancient Kapilvastu. [[Tilaurakot]], considered the cardinal point of the ancient Shakyan city of Kapilavastu where [[Gautama Buddha]] spent 29 years of his lifetime, was added to the [[World Heritage Site|World Heritage]] Tentative List by [[UNESCO]] in 1996.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tilaurakot, the archaeological remains of ancient Shakya Kingdom|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/840/|access-date=17 November 2021|website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|language=en|archive-date=20 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620101939/https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/840/|url-status=live}}</ref><gallery>
File:Tilaurakot, Taulihawa Kapilbastu Lumbini Zone Western Nepal 2, Rajesh Dhungana.jpg|Ruins of ancient [[Kapilavastu (ancient city)|Kapilavastu]] at Tilaurakot
File:Gotihawa Ashok Pillar Buddha Kapilvastu Lumbini Zone Nepal Rajesh Dhungana (5).jpg|[[Kakusandha Buddha]] Ashoka Pillar
File:Koṇāgamana Buddha Ashoka (1).JPG|[[Koṇāgamana Buddha]] Ashoka Pillar
</gallery>

=== Kudan ===
Kudan is another key historical site related to Buddha's life, where he reunited with his family after attaining enlightenment.

=== Ramagrama ===
{{Main|Ramagrama stupa}}
After the death of [[Gautama Buddha]], his relics were divided among eight princes out of sixteen [[Mahajanapada|mahājanapadās]].
A [[Koliya]]n king of [[Parasi, Nepal|Rāmagrāma]] (present [[Parasi District|Parasi]] district), built a stupa enshrining one relic.<ref name=":2" />
Known as the only undisturbed original relic of Buddha in the world,<ref name=":3" /> the site of stupa was added to the [[World Heritage Site|World Heritage]] Tentative List by [[UNESCO]] on 23 May 1996.

=== Dhaulagiri circuit ===
[[File:Sundaha in Eastern Rukum by Hemanta Rai.jpg|thumb|241x241px|Lower Himalayan lake, known as Sun Daha, in [[Eastern Rukum District|Eastern Rukum]]]]
[[File:Mountain Sisne.jpg|thumb|245x245px|Mount Sisne ([[Eastern Rukum District|Eastern Rukum]]) along the mountain range]]
[[File:Jaljala view point.jpg|thumb|248x248px|Hills and [[Himalaya]]s of Northern Lumbini Province]]
The Dhaulagiri circuit in Eastern Rukum encompasses the [[Dhaulagiri]] mountain range of the northern Lumbini Province. The Dhaulagiri mountain range extends from the northwest to the northeast of Eastern Rukum district and then continues eastward to its tallest peak at Dhaulagiri I. [[Putha Hiunchuli]] (Dhaulagiri VII), one of the most popular 7,000-metre mountains, was first climbed by British explorer [[J. O. M. Roberts]] and [[Sherpa people|Sherpa]] Ang Nyima in 1954.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|title=Putha Hiunchuli Climbing|url=https://www.asianhikingteam.com/putha-hiunchuli-climbing.html|access-date=19 October 2021|website=asianhikingteam.com|archive-date=19 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019214856/https://www.asianhikingteam.com/putha-hiunchuli-climbing.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Rukum east Himalayas.jpg|center|thumb|589x589px|Dhaulagiri Mountain Range in [[Eastern Rukum District|Eastern Rukum]] features some of the most popular 7,000-meter mountains of the [[Himalaya]]s]]

The West Dhaulagiri circuit is a tourist trekking circuit close to the Dhaulagiri mountain range and [[Magars|Magar]]-majority villages, with a distinct preserved Kham [[Magars|Magar]] culture of the northern Lumbini province. The circuit's eastern portion is situated along the Dhorpatan reserve of Eastern Rukum, which was designated to preserve high-altitude ecosystems in western Nepal in 1983.<ref>{{Cite web |title=DNPWC |url=http://dnpwc.gov.np/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218180540/http://dnpwc.gov.np/ |archive-date=18 February 2020 |access-date=19 October 2021 |website=Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation}}</ref> The reserve harbours alpine, sub-alpine and high temperate vegetation and 137 species of birds. Endangered animals in the reserve include the [[musk deer]], [[wolf]], [[red panda]], [[cheer pheasant]] and [[danphe]].

=== National Parks ===
[[Bardiya National Park]] is the largest national park in the lowland Terai, covering 968 square kilometres.
It was established in 1976 to protect the representative ecosystem, habitats of [[Bengal tiger|tigers]] and their prey species.
As a beautiful, unspoiled wilderness of [[Shorea robusta|sal]] forest, grassland, and alluvial washes cut by the many fingers of the [[Ghaghara|Karnali River]], it is a popular tourist destination, offering elephant rides and wilderness sight-seeing of Gangetic dolphins, tigers, rhinos and elephants.

In 1997, a buffer zone of 327 square kilometres surrounding the park was declared, consisting of forests and private lands.
The buffer zone is jointly managed by the local communities and the park and community development and resource management is carried out jointly.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DNPWC|url=http://dnpwc.gov.np/|access-date=16 November 2021|website=Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation|archive-date=18 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218180540/http://dnpwc.gov.np/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The Babai valley, which is rich in biodiversity, was added to the park in 1984.
The zone has wooded grassland and riverine forest and its water is home to Gharial crocodile.
More than 30 different mammals, 513 species of birds and several species of snakes, lizard and fishes have been recorded in the park area.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Home|url=https://www.bardianationalpark.gov.np/index.php/en/|access-date=16 November 2021|website=bardianationalpark.gov.np|archive-date=16 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116232140/https://www.bardianationalpark.gov.np/index.php/en/|url-status=live}}</ref>

{{Box|''A tiger monitoring study conducted (July 2016) in Bardiya National Park in Nepal's Terai Arc Landscape has estimated 56 wild tigers, an increase of six from the 2013 estimate for the national park.'' —[[World Wide Fund for Nature|WWF]]}}
[[File:Sunset bardiya.jpg|thumb|248x248px|Sunset at [[Bardiya National Park]]]]
[[File:One horned rhino at Bardiya national pak.JPG|thumb|244x244px|One horned Rhino, [[Bardiya National Park]]]]
<gallery>
File:Bardia forest.jpg|Forest trees of Bardiya National Park
File:Banke National Park.jpg|Banke National Park
File:Deers at Bardiya National Park.jpg|Deers at Bardiya National Park
</gallery>

[[Banke National Park]], adjacent to the Bardiya National Park with the coherent protected area of 1,518 km2 (586 sq mi), represents the Tiger Conservation Unit (TCU).
The national park was established in 2010 and is a protected area of [[Bengal tiger|tiger]] and [[four-horned antelope]]s. The park extends over 550 square kilometers in Banke district of the province. Banke National Park is connected with Bardiya National Park in the west and wildlife sanctuary and forests of India in the south. The protected zone is an important component of Terai Arc Landscape (TAL) that provides habitat for tigers.
The park has eight ecosystem types: Sal forest, deciduous Riverine forest, savannahs and grasslands, mixed hardwood forest, flood plain community, Bhabar and foothills of Chure range. It is home to 124 plants, 34 mammals, more than 300 birds, 24 reptiles, 7 amphibians and 58 fish species. Under the National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 1973, 3 species of mammals (tiger, striped hyaena, four-horned antelope), 4 species of birds (giant hornbill, black stork, Bengal florican, and lesser florican) and 2 species of reptiles (gharial crocodile and python) are protected in the park.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Biodiversity|url=https://bankenationalpark.gov.np/biodiversity/|access-date=16 November 2021|website=Banke National Park|language=en-US|archive-date=16 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116231955/https://bankenationalpark.gov.np/biodiversity/|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Cultural Heritage ===
'''Religious sites'''[[File:World's largest trident(Trishul).jpg|thumb|World's largest trident ([[Trishula]]) in [[Dang Deukhuri District|Dang]] valley believed to be where five [[Pandava]]s brother prayed to Lord [[Shiva]]|240x240px]]
[[File:Goraksh or Ratnanath or Choughara Temple Chaughara Ghorahi Dang Nepal Rajesh Dhungana (33).jpg|left|thumb|161x161px|Ancient [[Gorakhnath]] Temple in [[Dang Deukhuri District|Dang district]]]]
The culture of the province has been shaped by multi-religious and multi-ethnic demography as well as the historical development of the Indian sub-continent. [[Hinduism in Tamil Nadu|Hinduism]], the dominant religion of the province and the cultural sacred sites related to it, are prevalent throughout the province. Hinduism flourished overwhelmingly in [[Dang Deukhuri District|Dang valley]] where the cultural centers of the Hindu [[Nath|Nath tradition]] connected to Yogi [[Gorakhnath]] were established long before the creation of modern Nepal. A prominent [[Gorakhnath]] temple in [[Dang Deukhuri District|Dang district]], also known as Ratnanath temple, remained an ancient temple which was respected and protected by the ruling kings of the region throughout - including the later kings of the [[Shah dynasty]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bouillier |first=Veronique |title=The Nepalese State and Gorakhnathi Yogis: The case of the former kingdoms of Dang valley: 18-19th centuries. |url=https://www.academia.edu/11198804}}</ref>
[[File:Jama Masjid Rahmaniya.jpg|left|thumb|157x157px|[[Jama Masjid Rahmaniya, Bhairahawa (Nepal)|Jama Masjid Rahmaniya]], one of the oldest mosque of Nepal]]
Further popular Hindu sites in Dang district include [[Ambikeshwori Temple]] with a deity of [[Shiva]] and Goddess [[Sati (goddess)|Sati Devi]]; and Pandaveswor temple which has the world's largest trident and believed to be where the five [[Pandava]]s brother prayed to Lord [[Shiva]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=GBIA |url=https://airports.caanepal.gov.np/gbia/training-detail/29 |access-date=2023-03-24 |website=airports.caanepal.gov.np |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Basnet |first=Devendra |title=Trishul turns Dang temple into tourist spot |url=http://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/21056/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117183654/https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/mycity/news/trishul-turns-dang-temple-into-tourist-spot |archive-date=17 November 2021 |access-date=12 November 2021 |website=My City |language=en}}</ref> Other prominent temples of the province include [[Bhairabsthan Temple]] of [[Palpa District|Palpa]] where Lord [[Bhairava]] is worshipped as a deity and [[Swargadwari]] temple of [[Pyuthan District|Pyuthan]] which has the deities of [[Shiva]] and [[Vishnu]].
[[File:Lumbini, Buddhist pilgrims 2, Tree, Nepal.jpg|thumb|233x233px|[[Buddhism|Buddhist]] pilgrims resting on a tree in [[Lumbini]]]]
[[Islam]], the second-most followed religion of the province, is mostly distributed in the southern districts bordering India. [[Kapilvastu District|Kapilvastu]] and [[Banke District|Banke]] districts have one of the largest Muslim population of Nepal and along with [[Rupandehi District|Rupandehi]], constitute almost half of all the Muslims in Nepal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-04-16 |title=National Muslim Commission |url=http://www.nmc.gov.np/site/cms/11 |access-date=2023-03-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416060847/http://www.nmc.gov.np/site/cms/11 |archive-date=16 April 2019 }}</ref> One of the oldest mosque of Nepal established in 1950 AD, [[Jama Masjid Rahmaniya, Bhairahawa (Nepal)|Jama Masjid Rahmaniya]], is situated in [[Rupandehi District]].

Within and around [[Lumbini]], sacred sites related to the birth and childhood of [[Gautama Buddha]] are pilgrimage centers for [[Buddhism|Buddhists]] throughout the world. Lumbini Development Trust, an autonomous and non-profit organization manages the Buddhist sites in [[Lumbini]] and the master plan is initiated together with the [[United Nations]] to ensure long-term safeguarding of the archeological sites of global importance.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Centre |first=UNESCO World Heritage |title=Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/666/ |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |language=en}}</ref>

'''Rani Mahal'''

After being forced to drop his royal titles, [[Khadga Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana|General Khadga Shumsher]] was sent to [[Palpa District|Palpa]] as a Commander in Chief of Nepal where his beloved youngest wife, Rani Tej Kumari Devi, died. The General constructed a grand palace and named it after his wife as [[Ranighat Palace|Rani Mahal]] ("Queen's Palace") in 1893 AD. He also named the nearby forest around the palace as Rani ban ("Queen's forest").<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rani Mahal {{!}} Tansen Municipality |url=https://www.tansenmun.gov.np/en/content/rani-mahal |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=www.tansenmun.gov.np |language=en}}</ref> The palace is at the banks of the [[Gandaki River|Kali Gandaki River]]. [[File:Rani Mahal at Palpa.JPG|thumb|[[Ranighat Palace|Rani Mahal]] at [[Palpa District|Palpa]]|none|168x168px]]'''Supa Deurali Temple'''[[File:सुपा देउराली मन्दिर 01.JPG|thumb|[[Supa Deurali Temple]] in [[Arghakhanchi district|Arghakhanchi]] ]]
[[Supa Deurali Temple]] is a [[Hindus|Hindu]] temple located in [[Sandhikharka]] municipality, [[Arghakhanchi district]] of Nepal.<ref>{{Citation | publisher = Department of Rural Development| last = Bhusal| first = Rekha| title = Impact Analysis of Supa Deurali Temple Tourism in Arghakhanchi| access-date = 2024-03-29| date = 2020| url = https://elibrary.tucl.edu.np/handle/123456789/9564}}</ref> It lies at an altitude of about 4,500 feet. Supadevi is considered to fulfill the wishes of devotees.<ref>{{Cite web| title = GBIA| access-date = 2024-03-29| url = https://gbia.caanepal.gov.np/destination-detail/23}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web| title = Supa Deurali Temple - Visits Nepal| access-date = 2024-03-29| date = 2021-05-08| url = https://visitsnepal.com/product/supa-deurali-temple/}}</ref> In addition to goddess Bhagavati, there are idols of Ganesh, Mahakali, Mahalaxmi and Shiva in the temple.<ref name="gp01">{{Cite web| title = सुपा देउराली मन्दिर (फोटो फिचर)| work = GorakhaPatra| access-date = 2024-03-29| url = https://gorkhapatraonline.com/news/82016}}</ref> The donation received from the devotee is used to run two local schools.

== Infrastructure ==
[[File:Universal College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital (UCMS).jpg|thumb|221x221px|Universal College of Medical Sciences, [[Siddharthanagar]]]]

=== Education ===
As per the 2021 census, Lumbini's literacy rate was above the national average at 78.1%, the national average being 76.2%.<ref>{{Cite web |title=literacy {{!}} national housing_census year results |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/np/literacy?province=5 |access-date=2023-07-21 |website=censusnepal.cbs.gov.np}}</ref> The breakdown of the data showed that the male literacy stood at 85.2% while female literacy stood at 71.7% in the province. District-wise, [[Palpa District|Palpa]] and [[Dang District, Nepal|Dang]] were the best performers with literacy rate of 83.7% and 81.4% respectively, followed by [[Rupandehi District|Rupandehi]] at 81.2%. Nationally, [[Palpa District|Palpa]] was also among the top five districts of Nepal with highest literacy rate alongside [[Kathmandu District|Kathmandu]], [[Lalitpur District, Nepal|Lalitpur]], [[Bhaktapur District|Bhaktapur]] and [[Kaski District|Kaski]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=literacy {{!}} national housing_census year results |url=https://censusnepal.cbs.gov.np/results/np/literacy?province=5&district=52 |access-date=2023-07-21 |website=censusnepal.cbs.gov.np}}</ref>

By 2014, [[Palpa District]] was one of the first 4 "fully literate" districts of Nepal, achieving a literacy rate of over 95%.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Government deadline for total literacy likely to be pushed yet again|url=https://kathmandupost.com/national/2020/09/09/government-deadline-for-total-literacy-likely-to-be-pushed-yet-again|access-date=9 November 2021|website=kathmandupost.com|language=English|archive-date=5 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305183026/https://kathmandupost.com/national/2020/09/09/government-deadline-for-total-literacy-likely-to-be-pushed-yet-again|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Mustang declared 'fully literate district'|url=https://kathmandupost.com/national/2014/07/17/mustang-declared-fully-literate-district|access-date=9 November 2021|website=kathmandupost.com|language=English|archive-date=17 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117183630/https://kathmandupost.com/national/2014/07/17/mustang-declared-fully-literate-district|url-status=live}}</ref> By 2018, further districts of Lumbini province namely, [[Arghakhanchi District|Arghakhanchi]], [[Gulmi District|Gulmi]], [[Pyuthan District|Pyuthan]], [[Dang District, Nepal|Dang]], [[Parasi District|Parasi]], [[Rupandehi District|Rupandehi]], [[Rolpa District|Rolpa]], [[Bardiya District|Bardiya]] and [[East Rukum District|Eastern Rukum District]] were classified as fully literate districts of Nepal.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Total Literate Districts of Nepal|url=https://www.gyanpark.com.np/2018/02/total-literate-districts-of-nepal.html|access-date=9 November 2021|website=Gyan Park › A Genuine Resource|language=English|archive-date=17 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117183556/https://www.gyanpark.com.np/2018/02/total-literate-districts-of-nepal.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

'''Universities'''
* [[Nepal Sanskrit University]]
* [[Rapti Academy of Health Sciences]]
* [[Lumbini Bauddha University]]

=== Health ===
[[File:Shree Tinau International Hospital, Butwal.jpg|thumb|Tinau International Hospital in [[Butwal]]]]
According to the National Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) 2016, the Province's [[Infant|Neonatal Mortality]] (per 1000 live births) stands at 30 and [[Infant mortality|Infant mortality rate]] (per 1000 live births) stands at 42, both of which are higher than the national average of 21 and 32 respectively. The province has 670 public health facilities, including four hub hospitals, 18 hospitals, two regional medical stores, 31 primary health care centers, 570 health posts, 27 urban health centers, 15 community health units and 9 other health facilities.<ref name=nepalcovid>{{Cite web|title=WHO Nepal COVID-19 Profile 2020: Lumbini Province – Nepal|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/nepal/who-nepal-covid-19-profile-2020-lumbini-province|access-date=25 May 2021|website=ReliefWeb|date=25 May 2021 |language=en|archive-date=25 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525144038/https://reliefweb.int/report/nepal/who-nepal-covid-19-profile-2020-lumbini-province|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Communication ===
In Lumbini province, 49.2% of the population have radio access and followed by 30.4% have access to TV, and only 39.7% have access to the internet. Similarly, 4.4% of the population have access to landline telephone, while 75.5% have access to mobile phone. There are three major cell phone providers in Lumbini Province. They are [[Nepal Telecom|Nepal Doorsanchar Company Limited (NTC)]], [[Ncell|Ncell Axiata Limited (NCELL)]] and [[SmartCell|Smart Cell]]. The coverage of Smart Cell providers is only in 5 districts.

There are 66 newspaper channels in Lumbini Province with national, provincial, and local outreach. As per the classification, some of the top-ranking newspapers are Gorachya Dainik, Dainik Nepalgunj, and Mechikali Sandesh Dainik. There are a total of 63 radio stations in the province, such as [[Radio Lumbini]], Radio Tulsipur, Bheri F.M., etc.<ref name=nepalcovid/>

=== Energy ===
[[File:तिनाउ नदी.jpg|thumb|[[Tinau Hydropower Plant]]|222x222px]]
91% of the population has access to electricity in the province. Of the 12 districts in Lumbini Province, [[Parasi District|Parasi]], [[Kapilvastu District|Kapilvastu]] and [[Bardiya District|Bardiya]] have been electrified by more than 99 percent. [[Gulmi District|Gulmi]], [[Arghakhanchi District|Arghakhanchi]] and [[Rupandehi District|Rupandehi]] have more than 95 percent electrification and [[Eastern Rukum District|Rukum East]] has the lowest electrification of 11.25 percent.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Republica|title=Over 86 percent households have now access to electricity through national grid|url=http://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/98008/|access-date=29 October 2020|website=My Republica|language=en|archive-date=17 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211117183652/https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/98008/|url-status=live}}</ref> Lumbini generates 21.2 [[MegaWatt|MW]] of electricity from [[hydropower]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ministry of Finance – Government of Nepal|url=https://www.mof.gov.np/en/mof-nepali-pages-51.html|access-date=24 October 2020|website=mof.gov.np|archive-date=27 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027044143/https://www.mof.gov.np/en/mof-nepali-pages-51.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Total number of electricity consumers in the province is 457992, consuming 370.8 Million MWh of energy annually. According to [[Nepal Electricity Authority|NEA]], Distribution and Consumer Service Directorate 93% of consumers are domestic users; loss of electricity in the province is 12.17% for the year 2076/77 (2020 AD). Out of the total loss in distribution provincial office, [[Gulariya|Gularia]] contributes the highest loss percentage of 25.02%.
[[File:Butwal Solar PV Project.png|thumb|[[Butwal Solar PV Project]]|none|270x270px]]
[[Butwal Solar PV Project]], Nepal's first private grid-connected solar power plant, was connected to national transmission line in October 2020. Ridi Hydropower Company has constructed the power plant in [[Tilottama, Rupandehi|Tilottama]] of [[Rupandehi District|Rupendehi District]]. With over 32,000 solar panels of 330 watts each, the plant can generate 8.5 [[MegaWatt|MW]] of electricity.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Butwal Solar Power Project (8.5 MW) Connected To National Transmission Line|url=https://www.investopaper.com/news/butwal-solar-power-project/|access-date=31 October 2020|website=Investopaper|language=en|archive-date=7 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107000549/https://www.investopaper.com/news/butwal-solar-power-project/|url-status=live}}</ref>[[File:Butwal-Bhairahawa Road.png|alt=Siddhartha Highway|thumb|268x268px|Butwal-Bhairahawa road ([[Siddhartha Highway|H10]])]]

=== Transportation ===

==== Roadways ====
Transportation routes in Lumbini evolved since [[File:NPL H01.svg|30px]] [[Mahendra Highway|H01]]. Lumbini has two major routes, [[File:NPL H01.svg|30px]] [[Mahendra Highway|H01]] and [[File:NPL H10.svg|30px]] [[Siddhartha Highway|H10]] both intersecting in [[Butwal]]. 8,931 km of road is constructed in the Province. Out of which 5,293 km is blacktopped.
[[File:Rapti Bridge, Nepal second longest bridge.jpg|thumb|264x264px|Rapti bridge, Nepal's second longest bridge over West Rapti river in [[Dang Deukhuri District|Dang]] district<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sen|first=Sandeep|date=30 October 2019|title=Nepal's second longest bridge construction completes|url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/nepals-second-longest-bridge-construction-completes|access-date=12 November 2021|website=The Himalayan Times|language=en|archive-date=12 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112191712/https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/nepals-second-longest-bridge-construction-completes|url-status=live}}</ref>]]
All 12 districts of the province are connected via blacktopped roads. Major highways of the province are as follows:

# '''Mahendra Highway''': [[Mahendra Highway]]([[File:NPL H01.svg|30x30px]] [[Mahendra Highway|H01)]] traverses districts of Bardiya, Banke, Dang, Kapilvastu, Rupandehi, Parasi latitudinally. It connects to [[Bagmati Province|Bagmati]] to east and [[Sudurpashchim Province|Sudurpaschim]] to the west.
# '''Ratna Highway''': [[Ratna Highway]] ([[File:NPL H12.svg|30x30px]] [[Ratna Highway|H12)]] to Karnali Province. It starts at Nepal- India border in [[Nepalgunj]] and terminates at Birendranagar, Surkhet. The highway transition into the Karnali Highway system from the point it terminates.
# '''Rapti Highway''': [[Rapti Highway]] ([[File:NPL H11.svg|30x30px]] [[Rapti Highway|H11)]] starts from Ameliya, [[Dang District, Nepal|Dang]] and terminates at [[Musikot, Western Rukum|Musikot]] West Rukum. This highway makes hilly regions of Rolpa, Salyan West Rukum and east Rukum accessible.
# '''Siddhartha Highway''': [[Siddhartha Highway]]([[File:NPL H10.svg|30x30px]] [[Siddhartha Highway|H10)]] highway starts at Nepal-India Border in Siddharthanagar and terminates at Prithivi chowk, Pokhara. The major settlements on the highway are Siddharthanagar, Butwal, Tansen, Waling, Putalibazar, Syangja and Pokhara.
# '''Hulaki Highway''': [[Postal Highway]]([[File:NPL H17.svg|30x30px]] [[Postal Highway|H17)]]

[[Bhairahawa]] and [[Nepalgunj]] have always been major trade routes with [[India]]. Lumbini has no railways but [[East-West Railway|East West railway]], [[China–Nepal railway|Kathmandu-Lumbini railway]] and several other routes connecting Indian cities are planned.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Pariyar|first=Binod|title=Survey begins for Mechi-Mahakali Electric Railway|url=http://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/53293/|access-date=29 October 2020|website=My Republica|language=en|archive-date=9 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109191738/https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/53293/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=At upcoming talks, Nepal and China to discuss Kathmandu-Pokhara-Lumbini railways|url=https://kathmandupost.com/national/2019/11/23/at-upcoming-talks-nepal-and-china-to-discuss-kathmandu-pokhara-lumbini-railways|access-date=29 October 2020|website=kathmandupost.com|language=en|archive-date=9 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809083113/https://kathmandupost.com/national/2019/11/23/at-upcoming-talks-nepal-and-china-to-discuss-kathmandu-pokhara-lumbini-railways|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=India willing to expedite Kathmandu-Raxaul railway project|url=https://english.khabarhub.com/2020/28/123222/|access-date=29 October 2020|website=Khabarhub|date=28 August 2020|language=en|archive-date=19 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201219163652/https://english.khabarhub.com/2020/28/123222/|url-status=live}}</ref>

==== Air Travel ====
[[Gautam Buddha Airport|Gautam Buddha International Airport]], [[Nepalgunj Airport]] and [[Dang Airport]] are major airstrips in the province. [[Nepalgunj Airport]], Nepal's second most busiest airport after Tribhuwan International Airport, is being upgraded to an international airport as per the 20 year master plan.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=Upgrading of Nepalgunj airport looks 20 years ahead|url=https://risingnepaldaily.com/business/upgrading-of-nepalgunj-airport-looks-20-years-ahead|access-date=2021-12-07|website=GorakhaPatra|language=en}}</ref> Being mostly flat land air travel isn't preferable but [[Nepalgunj Airport]] serves as hub for most of the airports in [[Karnali Province]] and [[Sudurpashchim Province|Sudurpaschim Province]] and is a transit point for tourists heading to [[Lake Manasarovar]] and [[Mount Kailash]] in [[Tibet]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Chandra|first=Jagriti|date=2019-01-17|title=Nepalgunj flight a boost for Mansarovar pilgrims|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/nepalgunj-flight-a-boost-for-mansarovar-pilgrims/article26018265.ece|access-date=2021-12-07|issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-05-20|title=Nepalgunj Airport faces flight pressure after the beginning of Mansarovar season|url=https://nepal24hours.com/nepalgunj-airport-faces-flight-pressure-after-the-beginning-of-pilgrimage-season/|access-date=2021-12-07|website=Nepal24Hours.com - 'Integration Through Media'|language=en}}</ref> New airports are under construction in [[Resunga Municipality|Resunga]] ([[Gulmi District]]) and [[Sandhikharka]] ([[Arghakhanchi District]]).<ref>{{Cite web|date=14 December 2017|title=Arghakhanchi airport construction project initiates|url=https://www.aviationnepal.com/arghakhanchi-airport-construction-project-initiates/|access-date=26 October 2020|website=Aviation Nepal|language=en-US|archive-date=6 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306073555/https://www.aviationnepal.com/arghakhanchi-airport-construction-project-initiates/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=28 April 2019|title=Reshunga Airport to see its runway blacktopped|url=https://www.aviationnepal.com/reshunga-airport-to-see-its-runway-blacktopped/|access-date=26 October 2020|website=Aviation Nepal|language=en-US|archive-date=9 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109191758/https://www.aviationnepal.com/reshunga-airport-to-see-its-runway-blacktopped/|url-status=live}}</ref> <gallery widths="200" heights="200">
File:Nepalgunj AIrport .jpg|[[Nepalgunj Airport]] is Nepal's second-most busiest airport after TIA
File:Gautam Buddha International Airport.jpg|Lumbini hosts Nepal's second international airport - [[Gautam Buddha Airport|Gautam Buddha International Airport]]
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[Provinces of Nepal|List of provinces of Nepal]]
*[[List of districts of Nepal]]
*[[List of mayors of municipalities in Nepal]]
*[[List of districts of Lumbini Province]]
*[[Tourism in Lumbini Province]]
*[[Economy of Lumbini Province]]

==References==
{{reflist|33em}}</big>

{{Geographic Location
| Centre = Lumbini
| North = [[Karnali Province|Karnali]]
| Northeast = [[Gandaki Province|Gandaki]]
| East = [[Gandaki Province|Gandaki]]
| Southeast =[[Bihar]], {{flag|India}}
| South = [[Uttar Pradesh]], {{flag|India}}
| Southwest =
| West = [[Sudurpashchim Province|Sudurpashchim]]
| Northwest =
}}
{{Provinces of Nepal}}
{{Districts of Nepal}}
{{Nepal topics}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Lumbini Province| Lumbini Pradesh]]
[[Category:2015 establishments in Nepal]]
[[Category:Provinces of Nepal]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 2015]]

Ramagrama stupa

2026-08-08T08:02:40Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Created page with "{{Short description|Stupa in the Parasi District of Nepal}} {{Infobox religious building | building_name = Ramagrama stupa |native_name = रामग्राम नगरपालिका | image = 013 King Asoka visits Ramagrama (33428090870).jpg | image_size = 250 |alt = Ramagrama, the relic stupa of Lord Buddha |caption = Ashoka (right) visits the Ramagrama Stupa (center), at h..."

{{Short description|Stupa in the Parasi District of Nepal}}
{{Infobox religious building
| building_name = Ramagrama stupa
|native_name = रामग्राम नगरपालिका
| image = 013 King Asoka visits Ramagrama (33428090870).jpg
| image_size = 250
|alt = Ramagrama, the relic stupa of Lord Buddha
|caption = [[Ashoka]] (right) visits the [[Ramagrama]] Stupa (center), at his failed attempt to take relics of [[the Buddha]] from the king (left)
| map_type = Nepal
| map_size = 250
| map_relief = yes
| map_caption = Location in Ramgram, Nepal
| location = {{flagicon|Nepal}} [[Ramgram, Nepal|Ramgram]], [[Parasi District]], [[Lumbini Province]], [[Nepal]]
| coordinates = {{coord|27|29|52|N|83|40|52|E|display=inline,title}}
| religious_affiliation = [[Buddhism]]
| sect = [[Theravada Buddhism]]
| architecture_type = [[Stupa]]
| architecture_style = [[Buddhist architecture|Buddhist]], [[Gupta Empire|Gupta]]
| year_completed =
| height_max =
| materials = brick and earth
| functional_status = Preserved
| administration =
|length = {{convert|50|m}}<ref name=Shrestha2001>{{cite journal|last=Shrestha|first=SS|title=Ramagrama excavation II|journal=Ancient Nepal: Journal of the Department of Archaeology|volume=148|pages=1–29|year=2001
|url=http://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/ancientnepal/pdf/ancient_nepal_148_01.pdf|access-date=2014-11-30}}</ref>
|width = {{convert|50|m}}<ref name=Shrestha2001/>
}}
{{BuddhasHolySites}}

'''Ramagrama stupa''' ({{langx|ne|रामग्राम नगरपालिका}}, also Ramgram, Rāmgrām, Rāmagrāma) is a [[stupa]] located in [[Ramgram, Nepal|Ramgram Municipality]], in the [[Parasi District]] of [[Nepal]]. This [[Buddhist pilgrimage]] site containing [[Relics associated with Buddha|relics]] of [[The Buddha|Gautama Buddha]] was constructed between the [[Maurya Empire|Mauryan]] and [[Gupta Empire|Gupta]] periods, according to research by Nepal’s [[Department of Archaeology (Nepal)|Department of Archaeology]].<ref name="UNESCO843">{{cite web|author=[[UNESCO]]|year=2014|title=Ramagrama, the relic stupa of Lord Buddha|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/843/|access-date=2014-11-30|work=Tentative Lists|publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|location=Paris}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |url=https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000262925 |publisher=[[UNESCO]] |author=[[Durham University]] |date=Apr 2018 |language=en |access-date=14 August 2023 |title=The Greater Lumbini Area religious and archaeological sites}}</ref>

==History==
[[Image:Ancient india.png|thumb|The Malla Mahajanapada]]
[[File:Ruwanwelisaya.jpg|200px|thumb|Ruwanwalisaya Maha Stupa in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanaka - Great Stupa of Buddhism]]
Gautama Buddha's parents were from two different [[mahajanapada|mahājanapadās]] (kingdoms) of the [[Suryavansha|Solar dynasty]] — his father ([[Śuddhodana]]) belonged to the [[Shakya]] kingdom, while his mother ([[Maya (mother of Buddha)|Maya]]) was from the [[Koliya]] kingdom. According to [[Buddhist texts]], after Buddha's [[Parinirvana|Mahaparinirvana]], his cremated remains were divided and distributed among the princes of eight of the sixteen mahājanapadās. Each of the princes constructed a stupa at or near his capital city, within which the respective portion of the ashes was enshrined.<ref name=Shrestha1999>{{cite journal|last=Shrestha|first=SS|title=Ramagrama excavation|journal=Ancient Nepal: Journal of the Department of Archaeology|volume=142|pages=1–12|year=1999|url=http://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/ancientnepal/pdf/ancient_nepal_142_01.pdf|access-date=2014-11-30}}</ref> These eight stupas were located at:
#[[Allakappa]], a settlement of the [[Bulī]] people. The precise location of this place is not currently known.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.palikanon.com/english/pali_names/am/allakappa.htm |title=Allakappa |publisher=Palikanon.com |access-date=2015-05-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.palikanon.com/english/pali_names/b/buli.htm |title=Bulī |publisher=Palikanon.com |access-date=2015-05-16}}</ref>
#[[Kapilavastu (ancient city)|Kapilavastu]], capital city of the [[Shakya]] kingdom<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.palikanon.com/english/pali_names/ka/kapilavatthu.htm |title=Kapilavatthu |publisher=Palikanon.com |access-date=2015-05-16}}</ref> (the location of this stupa is the subject of some controversy; there is evidence it was actually constructed at [[Piprahwa]])<ref name=Peppe1898>{{cite journal|last=Peppe|first=WC|title=The Piprahwa Stupa, containing relics of Buddha|journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society|issue=Article XXIII|pages=573–88|year=1898|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3HjaswkRsSYC&q=since+the+discovery+of+the+pillar&pg=PA927}}</ref><ref name=Srivastava1980>{{cite journal|last=Srivastava|first=KM|title=Archaeological Excavations at Piprāhwā and Ganwaria and the Identification of Kapilavastu|journal=The Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies|volume=13|issue=1|pages=103–10|year=1980|url=http://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/jiabs/article/download/8511/2418}}</ref>
#[[Kushinagar|Kusinārā]], capital city of one of the two [[Malla (tribe)|Malla]] republics<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.palikanon.com/english/pali_names/ku/kusinaaraa.htm |title=Kusinārā |publisher=Palikanon.com |access-date=2015-05-16}}</ref>
#[[Pava|Pāvā]], capital city of the other [[Malla (tribe)|Malla]] republics<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.palikanon.com/english/pali_names/pa/pava.htm |title=Pāvā |publisher=Palikanon.com |access-date=2015-05-16}}</ref>
#[[Rajgir|Rājagaha]] a major city of the [[Magadha (Mahajanapada)|Magadha]] kingdom<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.palikanon.com/english/pali_names/r/raajagaha.htm |title=Rājagaha |publisher=Palikanon.com |access-date=2015-05-16}}</ref>
#[[Parasi, Nepal|Rāmagrāma]], a major city of the [[Koliya]] kingdom (this settlement is sometimes referred to as ''Koliyanagara'')<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.palikanon.com/english/pali_names/r/ramagama.htm |title=Rāmagāma |publisher=Palikanon.com |access-date=2015-05-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.palikanon.com/english/pali_names/ku/koliyaa.htm |title=Koliyā |publisher=Palikanon.com |access-date=2015-05-16}}</ref>
#[[Vaishali (ancient city)|Vesāli]], capital city of the [[Vajjika League]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.palikanon.com/english/pali_names/vy/vesaali.htm |title=Vesāli |publisher=Palikanon.com |access-date=2015-05-16}}</ref>
#[[Vathadipa|Veṭhadīpa]], a settlement of [[Veṭhadīpaka]] Brahmins. The precise location of this place is not currently known.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.palikanon.com/english/pali_names/vy/vethadiipa.htm |title=Vethadīpa |publisher=Palikanon.com |access-date=2015-05-16}}</ref>

About three centuries later, Emperor [[Ashoka]] sought to remove the relics from all of these eight original stupas, with the intent to distribute them among 84,000 new stupas to be constructed in [[Maurya Empire|his kingdom]] to honor the memory of the Buddha. According to [[Mahavamsa]], when Ashoka reached the Ramagrama stupa, he encountered a powerful [[Nāga]] (mythological hybrid creature, part-human and part-snake) that was guarding the stupa, preventing him from removing the relics. his is why the Ramagrama stupa is the only undisturbed stupa of the original eight stupas.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moksha.foundation/ramagrama-stupa |title=Ramagrama Stupa |access-date=2023-10-23}}</ref>

In the ''Mahavamsa'', [[Ashoka]] of the [[Maurya dynasty]] chooses not to retrieve Buddha relics in the possession of Nagas at Ramagrama. It was said that on his deathbed, Buddha told a [[prophecy]] that of the eight donas of his body relics, one would be venerated by the [[Koliya]]s of Ramagrama, then the relics would belong to the Nagas until being enshrined in Sri Lanka. Ashoka is told more prophecy by [[arhat]]s, who speak of the future enshrinement of these relics by king [[Dutugamunu|Dutthagamani]].<ref>{{Citation |title=Relics of the Buddha|first=John S. |last=Strong |author-link=John S. Strong |year=2007 |url=https://archive.org/details/relicsofbuddha0000stro/ |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |isbn=978-0-691-11764-5 |pp=160–167}}</ref>

King Dutthagamini then received from the Sangha the Buddha’s relics upon his head in a casket and departed from the golden pavilion in the midst of manifold offerings and honours made by gods and ‘‘[[Brahma]]s’’. He [[circumambulate]]d the relic-chamber three times, entered to it from the east, and when laid the relic-casket on a silver couch one ‘‘koṭi’’ worth, that was arranged in the north side. An image of the Buddha was then, according to the Buddha’s determination,
created in the lion’s reclining posture (‘‘sīhaseyya’’), and all the relics were enshrined within that image. When the enshrining of the relics in the Great Stūpa Ruvanveli was completed, the two novices Uttara and Sumana closed the relic-chamber with the stone-blocks that were previously hidden to be used as a

In the Thupavamsa numerous types of beings attended the enshrinement of the relics into the Mahathupa; including the Naga king Mahakala who until recently guarded them. The relics were to be placed atop a golden throne crafted by Visvakarman the divine artificer; the throne brought by Indra. Brahma offers his invisible umbrella of sovereignty, with the king Dutthagamani offering his own. The arhat Indagutta creates a metal canopy over the universe, so that Mara will not interfere, as monks chanted the [[Sutta Pitaka]] (the Collection of Discourses delivered by the Buddha). Dutthagamani ceremoniously enters with the urn atop his head; but as he is about to place the urn on the golden throne, the relics rise into the air and form Buddha, with each of the 32 major signs and 80 lesser signs of a great man. In this form he performs the twin miracle of fire and water, fulfilling the fifth of his death bed resolutions. One hundred and twenty million gods and humans gain arhatship from this experience. The relics return to the urn and they are laid to rest and the chamber sealed with forty meter stone slabs.{{sfn|Strong|2007|page=133}}

"The relic-chamber shall not shake even by an earthquake; flowers such as [[jasmine]] that were offered on that day shall not wither till the end of Buddha Gotama’s Dispensation; the lamps that were kindled with ghee-oil shall not be extinguished; the clay that was mixed with perfume and sandalwood shall not dry; even a single scratch shall not appear within the relic-chamber; stains shall not appear in any of the golden goods that were offered.’ All this occurred by the determination-power of all Arahants present. They determined also that inimical persons should
not be able to even see the relic-chamber. Furthermore, by order of king Dutugemunu, the people of Srī Lanka enshrined, along with many other objects such as golden and silver caskets, thousand more of the Buddha's relics over the relic-chamber."<ref>https://www.srilankaview.com/ruwanweliseya.htm</ref><ref>https://ruwanweliseya.lk/</ref>

==Archaeological research==
The Ramagrama stupa has been an object of great reverence and a pilgrimage site since its original construction. The {{convert|7|m|0|adj=mid|-high}} stupa is now buried under a mound of earth and is awaiting further research.<ref name=Shrestha1999/> The dimensions of the stupa complex are 10m high and 23.5m in diameter. A geophysical survey revealed a perfect quadrangular [[Kushan Empire|Kushan]] era monastery buried below the surface, whose dense concentration of brick prevented crops from growing, leading to the area being known as an "unlucky field".<ref name=":0" />

No relics have yet been found through archaeological excavations. The reason, as proposed by archaeologists and supported by sources such as the [[Mahavamsa]], [[Thupavamsa]] (the Great Chronicles of Sri Lanka), and Theravada Buddhist texts from Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia, is that the relics of the Ramagrama stupa were brought to Sri Lanka.{{cn}}

==Conservation and enhancement==
[https://www.tplv.com/ The Promised Land] and [https://lumbinidevtrust.gov.np/en The Lumbini Development Trust] signed a Memorandum of Understanding on October 23, 2023, dedicated to the protection, preservation, conservation, development, and management of the Ramagrama Stupa with the support from [https://www.moksha.foundation/ Moksha Foundation].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sg.finance.yahoo.com/news/ramagrama-stupa-sole-undisturbed-original-063500837.html |title=Ramagrama Stupa the Sole Undisturbed Original Stupa Containing Relics of Lord Buddha to be Preserved and Developed |publisher=yahoo.com |access-date=2023-10-23}}</ref> This was undertaken by Lharkyal Lama<ref>{{Cite web |title=Controversial former lawmaker Lharkyal Lama appointed vice-chairman of Lumbini Development Fund |url=https://kathmandupost.com/national/2023/08/06/controversial-former-lawmaker-lharkyal-lama-appointed-vice-chairman-of-lumbini-development-fund |access-date=2024-02-01 |website=kathmandupost.com |language=English}}</ref> who is currently the vice-chairman of the Lumbini Development Trust.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Revered Ramgram Stupa is in the spotlight again |url=https://kathmandupost.com/province-no-5/2024/01/30/revered-ramgram-stupa-is-in-the-spotlight-again |access-date=2024-02-01 |website=kathmandupost.com |language=English}}</ref>

On December 12, 2023, Ramagrama hosted a gathering for the World Peace Program. Graced by the Right Honorable [[Pushpa Kamal Dahal]] (Prachanda), the Prime Minister of Nepal, renowned architect [[Stefano Boeri]] unveiled the masterplan for the Conservation and Enhancement of the Ramagrama Stupa.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/apac/news-releases/prime-minister-of-nepal-unveils-renowned-architect-stefano-boeris-visionary-masterplan-for-ramagrama-stupa-conservation-and-enhancement-302017472.html |title=Prime Minister of Nepal Unveils Renowned Architect Stefano Boeri's Visionary Masterplan for Ramagrama Stupa Conservation and Enhancement. |publisher=PRNewswire |access-date=2023-12-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7wLYX5_aGHo |title=Live From Ramgrama: Ramgrama World Peace|publisher=Bodhi TV |via=youtube.com|access-date=2023-12-13}}</ref>

==World Heritage Status==
This site was added to the [[World Heritage Site|World Heritage]] Tentative List by [[UNESCO]] on May 23, 1996 in the Cultural category.<ref name=UNESCO843/>

==Gallery==
<gallery perrow="4" widths="200px" heights="150px">
Ramgram Stupa 8.jpg|Statue and entrance gate at Ramagrama stupa, Parasri district, Nepal
Ramgram Stupa Gate Statue.jpg|Statue and entrance gate at Ramagrama stupa, Parasi district, Nepal
Ramgram Stupa Entry View2.jpg|Pathway leading to Ramagrama stupa, Parasi district, Nepal
Ramgram Stupa 12.jpg|View of Ramagrama stupa, Parasi district, Nepal
Ramgram Stupa 4.jpg|View of Ramagrama stupa, Parasi district, Nepal
Ramagrama Stupa.jpg|Sacred Bodhi tree (''[[Ficus religiosa]]'') at Ramagrama stupa, Nepal
Ramgram Stupa 15.jpg|Sacred Bodhi tree at Ramagrama stupa, Nepal
Stupa of Ramagrama - Bottom Architrave - Rear Side - East Gateway - Stupa 1 - Sanchi Hill 2013-02-21 4464.JPG|A [[Relief#Low relief or bas-relief|bas-relief]] of the Ramagrama stupa, from the east gateway of Great Stupa at [[Sanchi]], in [[Raisen District]] of the [[States and territories of India|State]] of [[Madhya Pradesh]], India
Ramagrama lintel.jpg|A bas-relief of the Ramagrama stupa, from the Catalogue of the [[Sarnath Museum|Museum of Archaeology at Sarnath]] in 1914
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[Relic Stupa of Vaishali]]
*[[Relics associated with Buddha]]
*[[Relic of the tooth of the Buddha]]
*[[Ayodhya]]
*[[Dasharatha]]
*[[Ikshvaku dynasty]]
*[[Kshatriya]]
*[[List of stupas in Nepal]]
*[[Mahapadma Nanda]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
*[https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000373034 Ramagrama geophysical survey and preparation of risk map]
*[https://www.moksha.foundation/ramagrama-stupa Ramagrama Stupa]
*[http://www.diwasdhakal.com/book_accumulate_stupa.php The Accumulate Stupa of Ramagrama]

==External links==
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SSFJ9aNAnPg Ramgram Stupa, the Buddha relic stupa of Nepal]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PYNgSFRZCmI Ramgram Stupa ko Behal-Nawalparsi] (video in Nepali language)
{{Buddhism topics}}
{{Gautama Buddha}}
{{Buddhist temples in Nepal}}

[[Category:Archaeological sites in Nepal]]
[[Category:Buddhist pilgrimage sites in Nepal]]
[[Category:Buddhist relics]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Parasi District]]
[[Category:Nāgas]]
[[Category:Religious buildings and structures in Nepal]]
[[Category:Stupas in Nepal]]

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Abhijeet Dipke

2026-07-30T18:13:01Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

{{Short description|Indian political communication strategist (born 1995)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2026}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Abhijeet Dipke
| image = Abhijeet-dipke.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Dipke in 2026
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1995|9|29}}<ref name="lokmat">{{cite web |title=Despite his viral success, Abhijeet's parents worry about his entry into politics |url=https://www.lokmattimes.com/aurangabad/despite-his-viral-success-abhijeets-parents-worry-about-his-entry-into-politics/ |website=Lokmat Times |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Aurangabad, Maharashtra]], India<ref name="tribune">{{cite web |title=Abhijeet Dipke — The 30-year-old behind Cockroach Janta Party's viral rise |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/trending/abhijeet-dipke-the-30-yr-old-behind-cockroach-janta-partys-viral-rise/ |website=The Tribune |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref>
| death_date =
| death_place =
| other_names =
| occupation = Political communication strategist<ref name="ndtv">{{cite web |title=Who Is Abhijeet Dipke, Founder Of Online Sensation Cockroach Janta Party |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/cockroach-janta-party-who-is-abhijeet-dipke-founder-of-online-sensation-cockroach-janta-party-11531319 |website=NDTV |date=21 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref>
| years_active = 2020–present
| known_for = Founder of the [[Cockroach Janta Party]]<ref name="statesman">{{cite web |title=Cockroach Janata Party's X (Twitter) account withheld in India |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/india/cockroach-janata-party-x-twitter-account-withheld-india-abhijeet-dipke-instagram-hacking-1503596491.html |website=The Statesman |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref>
| notable_works =
| alma_mater = [[Boston University]] ([[MSc]])<ref name="etvbharat">{{cite web |title=Explained: Who Is Abhijeet Dipke, The Man Behind India's Most Unexpectedly Viral Political Satire? |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/en/lifestyle/abhijeet-dipke-started-cockroach-janata-party-cjp-enn26052101475 |website=ETV Bharat |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref>
| education = [[Boston University]] ([[Master of Science|MS]] in public relations)
| website =
}}
'''Abhijeet Dipke''' (born 29 September 1995) is an Indian political communication strategist and the founder of the [[Cockroach Janta Party]] (CJP), a satirical political movement that started in May 2026 after remarks made by [[Chief Justice of India|C.J.I.]] [[Surya Kant]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jain |first=Sanya |date=2026-05-21 |title=Who is Abhijeet Dipke, the Boston-educated founder of Cockroach Janata Party? |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/trending/who-is-abhijeet-dipke-the-boston-educated-founder-of-cockroach-janata-party-101779346291274.html |access-date=2026-05-24 |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="bbc">{{cite web |title=India has a new political superstar - a cockroach |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cz72y11jjq1o |website=BBC News |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref><ref name="aljazeera">{{cite web |title='Cockroach Janta Party': Top Indian judge's comment sparks satire, protest |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2026/5/20/cockroach-janata-party-top-indian-judges-comment-sparks-satire-protest |website=Al Jazeera |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref><ref name="ReutersMay">{{cite news |title=India's 'Cockroach' group goes viral, spotlights Gen Z worries |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/indias-cockroach-group-goes-viral-spotlights-gen-z-worries-2026-05-21/ |work=Reuters |date=21 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="BBCMay">{{cite news |last=Mateen |first=Zoya |title=Cockroach Janta Party (CJP): How Abhijeet Dipke's collective became an online sensation |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cz72y11jjq1o |work=BBC News |date=21 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="NYTMay">{{cite news |title=The Man Turning the Cockroach Into a Gen-Z Movement in India |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/05/28/world/asia/cockroach-janta-party-india-movement.html |work=The New York Times |date=28 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> He previously served as a volunteer with the [[Aam Aadmi Party]] (AAP)'s social media team from 2020 to 2023 before leaving to pursue higher studies abroad.<ref name="ndtv"/><ref name="tribune"/><ref name="ETV">{{cite news |title=Explained: Who Is Abhijeet Dipke, The Man Behind India's Most Unexpectedly Viral Political Satire? |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/en/lifestyle/abhijeet-dipke-started-cockroach-janata-party-cjp-enn26052101475 |work=ETV Bharat |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="NDTVMay"/>

Dipke first drew attention with a post on [[X (social network)|X]] responding to the remarks. The post snowballed into the CJP, which within weeks had attracted millions of followers and grown into a youth-led protest movement centred on unemployment, examination irregularities and government accountability.<ref name="ReutersMay"/><ref name="BBCMay"/><ref name="NYTMay"/> By July 2026, Dipke had emerged as one of the principal public faces of the protests in New Delhi. Reuters called him the most recognisable figure of the youth-led movement, describing it as among the largest street protests Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]]'s government had faced since 2014.<ref name="ReutersJuly">{{cite news |last=Agarwala |first=Tora |title=How Abhijeet Dipke became the face of India's first Gen Z protest movement, and won |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/abhijeet-dipke-face-indias-first-gen-z-protest-movement-2026-07-23/ |work=Reuters |date=23 July 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> The protests carried on through July and culminated in the resignation of Union Education Minister [[Dharmendra Pradhan]] on 25 July.<ref name="GuardianResign">{{cite news |title=India's education minister resigns in victory for Cockroach youth movement protests |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2026/jul/25/dharmendra-pradhan-india-education-minister-resigns-cockroach-movement |work=The Guardian |date=25 July 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="IndianExpressResign">{{cite news |title='This is just the beginning': Abhijeet Dipke thanks supporters day after Dharmendra Pradhan's resignation |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/abhijeet-dipke-cockroach-janta-party-supporters-dharmendra-pradhan-resignation-10803991/ |work=The Indian Express |date=26 July 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Abhijeet Dipke was born on 29 September 1995 in [[Aurangabad, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]] (now Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar), Maharashtra.<ref name="lokmat"/><ref name="tribune"/><ref name="Lokmat">{{cite news |title=Despite his viral success, Abhijeet's parents worry about his entry into politics |url=https://www.lokmattimes.com/aurangabad/despite-his-viral-success-abhijeets-parents-worry-about-his-entry-into-politics/ |work=Lokmat Times |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> He grew up in a Dalit family in the state.<ref name="ReutersJuly"/> His father Bhagwanrao Dipke is a retired engineer from MIDC, and his mother Anita Dipke is a homemaker.<ref name="lokmat"/> He completed his primary education in Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar and later studied at S.B. College.<ref name="lokmat"/>

Dipke earned a bachelor's degree in Journalism in [[Pune]].<ref name="ndtv"/><ref name="tribune"/><ref name="NDTVMay">{{cite news |title=Who Is Abhijeet Dipke, Founder Of Online Sensation Cockroach Janta Party |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/cockroach-janta-party-who-is-abhijeet-dipke-founder-of-online-sensation-cockroach-janta-party-11531319 |work=NDTV |date=21 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> His father had initially secured his admission in engineering through management quota, but Dipke did not appear for the first-year exams and later shifted to mass media.<ref name="lokmat"/> He then moved to the [[United States]] and completed a Master of Science in Public Relations from [[Boston University]].<ref name="etvbharat"/><ref name="bbc"/><ref name="ReutersJuly"/><ref name="AlJazeeraMay">{{cite news |last=Sharma |first=Yashraj |title='Cockroach Janta Party': Top Indian judge's comment sparks satire, protest |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2026/5/20/cockroach-janata-party-top-indian-judges-comment-sparks-satire-protest |work=Al Jazeera |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref>

== Career ==
=== Work with Aam Aadmi Party ===
[[File:Abhijeet Dipke with Manish Sisodia.jpg|thumb|Abhijeet Dipke with Manish Sisodia]]
Between 2020 and 2023, Dipke worked as a volunteer with the [[Aam Aadmi Party]] (AAP) social media team.<ref name="ndtv"/><ref name="tribune"/><ref name="ETV">{{cite news |title=Explained: Who Is Abhijeet Dipke, The Man Behind India's Most Unexpectedly Viral Political Satire? |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/en/lifestyle/abhijeet-dipke-started-cockroach-janata-party-cjp-enn26052101475 |work=ETV Bharat |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="NDTVMay"/> During the [[2020 Delhi Legislative Assembly election]], which AAP won under [[Arvind Kejriwal]]'s leadership, he made meme-based digital content aimed at young voters.<ref name="ndtv"/><ref name="etvbharat"/><ref name="NDTVMay"/><ref name="ETV"/> He also served as a communication advisor for the Delhi government's education department.<ref name="timesnow">{{cite web |title=Who Is Abhijeet Dipke: कोण आहेत 'कॉक्रोच जनता पार्टी'चे संस्थापक? |url=https://marathi.timesnownews.com/news/who-is-abhijeet-dipke-man-behind-cockroach-janta-party-overpassing-bjp-on-instagram-gen-z-digital-movement-article-154366512 |website=Times Now Marathi |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref><ref name="TimesNow">{{cite news |title=Who Is Abhijeet Dipke: कोण आहेत 'कॉक्रोच जनता पार्टी'चे संस्थापक? |url=https://marathi.timesnownews.com/news/who-is-abhijeet-dipke-man-behind-cockroach-janta-party-overpassing-bjp-on-instagram-gen-z-digital-movement-article-154366512 |work=Times Now Marathi |language=mr |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> He left AAP in 2023 to study abroad.<ref name="etvbharat"/><ref name="ETV"/>

=== Cockroach Janta Party ===
{{Main|Cockroach Janta Party}}
On 15 May 2026, Chief Justice Surya Kant said during a [[Supreme Court of India|Supreme Court]] hearing: "There are youngsters like cockroaches, who do not get any employment or have any place in a profession. Some of them become media, some become social media, [[Right to Information Act, 2005|RTI]] activists, and they start attacking everyone."<ref name="aljazeera"/><ref name="statesman"/> The next day, Dipke posted on [[X (social network)|X]]: "What if all cockroaches come together?"<ref name="aljazeera"/><ref name="ReutersMay"/><ref name="AlJazeeraMay"/> He then created the Cockroach Janta Party as a satirical online group, setting up a website and a Google Form for membership.<ref name="statesman"/><ref name="timesnow"/><ref name="ReutersMay"/><ref name="BBCMay"/> Within days, the party had over 350,000 registered members.<ref name="aljazeera"/> By 21 May 2026, the CJP's Instagram account had crossed 19 million followers, more than any other political party in India.<ref name="ndtv"/><ref name="tribuneindia">{{cite web |title=Cockroach Janta Party founder Dipke's parents averse to son's 'pursuit of politics' |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/india/cockroach-janta-party-founder-dipkes-parents-averse-to-sons-pursuit-of-politics/ |website=The Tribune |date=21 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref> Reuters reported that its Instagram account had reached nearly 15 million followers within five days of going up.<ref name="ReutersMay"/>

In its early days, the CJP used humour and political satire to needle issues including unemployment, inflation, examination paper leaks, gender representation and media ownership.<ref name="ReutersMay"/><ref name="AlJazeeraMay"/> Dipke has described the CJP less as a conventional political party than as a platform meant to give younger Indians a louder voice in political debate.<ref name="ReutersMay"/><ref name="AlJazeeraMay"/> Its stated approach combined political satire with demands for government accountability.

The party's X account, which had over 200,000 followers, was later withheld in India "in response to a legal demand."<ref name="statesman"/><ref name="bbc"/><ref name="Statesman">{{cite news |title=Cockroach Janata Party's X (Twitter) account withheld in India |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/india/cockroach-janata-party-x-twitter-account-withheld-india-abhijeet-dipke-instagram-hacking-1503596491.html |work=The Statesman |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> Dipke responded to this on X, calling it an "own goal."<ref name="statesman"/> Dipke also claimed that attempts were made to hack the party's Instagram account and that there was an effort to take its website offline. In a video message, he said: "Many attempts are being made to hack our account. I find it funny that these cowards are targeting young 20-21-year-old students."<ref name="statesman"/><ref name="ReutersThreats">{{cite news |title=Founder of viral Indian Gen Z account alleges crackdown, threats |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/media-telecom/founder-viral-indian-gen-z-account-alleges-crackdown-threats-2026-05-25/ |work=Reuters |date=25 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> Reuters said it could not independently verify the allegations.<ref name="ReutersThreats"/>

In an interview with ''India Today'', Dipke said: "Someone who is there to safeguard our freedom of expression is comparing us with cockroaches and parasites for just putting up our opinion."<ref name="indiatoday">{{cite web |title=Meet the man behind Cockroach Janta Party |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/video/meet-the-man-behind-the-cockroach-janta-party-2914598-2026-05-20 |website=India Today |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref> In an interview with ''Al Jazeera'', Dipke explained why he picked the cockroach as a symbol: "Those in power think citizens are cockroaches and parasites. They should know that cockroaches breed in rotten places. That's what India is today."<ref name="aljazeera"/>

=== Parents' concerns ===
Following the rapid rise of the Cockroach Janta Party, Dipke's parents expressed concerns about his entry into politics. His mother Anita Dipke told a Marathi news channel that they had lost sleep after learning about his move. His father Bhagwanrao said he wanted his son to take up a job in Pune or Delhi instead of entering politics.<ref name="tribuneindia"/><ref name="lokmat"/><ref name="Lokmat"/> His mother also stated: "He has been rebellious since childhood. Once he decides something, he goes ahead and does it. That is what worries us the most."<ref name="lokmat"/>

== Protest movement ==
{{See also|2026 Delhi Jantar Mantar protests}}
Dipke returned to India from Boston in June 2026 and led a CJP demonstration at [[Jantar Mantar]] in New Delhi.<ref name="ReutersJune">{{cite news |title='Cockroach' youth group founder leads first street protest after arrival in India |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/indias-cockroach-youth-movement-founder-arrives-new-delhi-protest-modi-2026-06-06/ |work=Reuters |date=6 June 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="Bloomberg">{{cite news |title=India Youth Protest Leader Quits US to Return Home and Demonstrate |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-06-06/india-youth-protest-leader-quits-us-to-return-home-and-demonstrate |work=Bloomberg |date=6 June 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> The demonstrations centred largely on alleged irregularities and paper leaks in national examinations and called for Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan's resignation.<ref name="ReutersJune"/><ref name="AlJazeeraJune">{{cite news |last=Sharma |first=Yashraj |title='I'm a cockroach': Gen Z protest movement lands in Indian capital |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2026/6/6/im-a-cockroach-gen-z-protest-movement-lands-in-indian-capital |work=Al Jazeera |date=6 June 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> Dipke became a fixture at the protest site, speaking often and repeatedly urging demonstrators to keep things peaceful.<ref name="ReutersJuly"/>

The protest camp held through June and into July as the movement outgrew its original online, satirical format.<ref name="ReutersJuly"/><ref name="AlJazeeraCamp">{{cite news |title=India's 'Cockroach' movement camps out until education minister resigns |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/6/21/indias-cockroach-movement-camps-out-until-education-minister-resigns |work=Al Jazeera |date=21 June 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> On 20 July, thousands of protesters tried to march on [[Parliament of India|Parliament]] despite a police ban. Police responded with tear gas and batons to disperse parts of the crowd, and the ensuing clashes left both protesters and officers injured.<ref name="ReutersMarch">{{cite news |title=India's 'cockroach movement' leaders say minister promised government will weigh demands |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/indias-cockroach-movement-supporters-gather-march-despite-police-ban-2026-07-20/ |work=Reuters |date=20 July 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="ReutersProtests">{{cite news |title=Thousands protest in India after clashes, despite Modi assuring action on exams |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-youth-group-says-protest-continue-after-delhi-clashes-injure-180-2026-07-21/ |work=Reuters |date=21 July 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref>

In the aftermath, Dipke said the movement would keep up its sit-in but suspend further street marches, citing safety concerns for participants.<ref name="AlJazeeraHalt">{{cite news |title=India's 'cockroach' protest movement halts marches after police violence |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/7/21/indias-cockroach-protest-movement-halts-marches-after-police-violence |work=Al Jazeera |date=21 July 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref>

On 25 July 2026, with the protests still under way, Dharmendra Pradhan resigned as Union Education Minister.<ref name="GuardianResign"/><ref name="IndianExpressResign"/> Dipke broke the news to protesters gathered at Jantar Mantar and called it a win for the movement, though later reports suggested he and the CJP intended to keep pushing for broader reforms to the education system.<ref name="HTResign">{{cite news |title=Abhijeet Dipke reacts as Dharmendra Pradhan resigns amid CJP stir: 'Just the beginning' |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/we-have-done-it-abhijeet-dipkes-first-reaction-as-dharmendra-pradhan-resigns-cjp-jantar-mantar-genz-protest-neet-101784971510386.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=25 July 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="NDTVResign">{{cite news |title=Abhijeet Dipke's "Going To Take A Nap" Post Shortly After Dharmendra Pradhan Resigns |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/dharmendra-pradhan-resigns-cockroach-janta-party-abhijeet-dipkes-going-to-take-a-nap-shortly-after-dharmendra-pradhan-resigns-11820882 |work=NDTV |date=25 July 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref>

== Political positions ==
Dipke has called the Cockroach Janta Party a "platform" for young Indians who feel left out of mainstream politics.<ref name="bbc"/><ref name="AlJazeeraMay"/> He has said it operates independently of the AAP and other established parties.<ref name="AlJazeeraMay"/> He has framed the movement as a way of drawing young people more directly into public debate, with an emphasis on peaceful political action.<ref name="ReutersMay"/><ref name="ReutersJuly"/> The party's manifesto includes demands for a ban on post-retirement Rajya Sabha seats for Chief Justices, 50 per cent reservation for women in Parliament and Cabinet, and cancellation of licenses for media houses owned by the [[Adani Group]] and [[Reliance Industries]].<ref name="aljazeera"/><ref name="ReutersMay"/> During the 2026 protests, its central demand narrowed to accountability over the examination irregularities and the education minister's resignation.<ref name="ReutersJune"/><ref name="ReutersMarch"/> Dipke has named [[B. R. Ambedkar]] as an influence on his politics and his views on social equality.<ref name="ReutersJuly"/>

== Threats and attacks ==
In May 2026, Dipke said that he and members of his family had received threatening messages after the CJP took off online. Reuters reported the claims but noted it had been unable to verify them independently.<ref name="ReutersThreats"/> The alleged threats were also picked up by Indian outlets.<ref>{{cite news |title='Marwa denge tujhe': Cockroach Janta Party founder Abhijeet Dipke receives death threats on WhatsApp |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/marwa-deinge-tujhe-cockroach-janta-party-founder-abhijeet-dipke-receives-death-threats-on-whatsapp/articleshow/131261469.cms |work=The Times of India |date=22 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref>

In July, Dipke was reportedly the target of an ink-throwing incident while addressing supporters at a protest. Reuters reported that the woman involved subsequently accused the movement of insulting the Hindu deity [[Rama]].<ref name="ReutersJuly"/>

== Legal proceedings ==
In May 2026, Dipke filed a petition before the Delhi High Court challenging the Central Government's order directing X to withhold access to the Cockroach Janta Party's account under Section 69A of the Information Technology Act. The petition argued that the blocking order was unlawful and sought restoration of the account. The Delhi High Court issued notice on the plea and directed the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology's Review Committee to examine the blocking order, while declining to grant interim relief.<ref name="quint">{{cite news |last=Varma |first=Aishwarya |title=Founded in Satire, Attacked by Lies: Debunking the Narratives Targeting CJP |url=https://www.thequint.com/news/webqoof/cockroach-janta-party-narratives-misinformation-protests |work=The Quint |date=12 June 2026 |access-date=2026-07-22}}</ref><ref name="livelaw">{{cite web |title=Delhi High Court Directs MeiTY's Review Committee To Examine Abhijeet Dipke's Plea For Unblocking Cockroach Janta Party's X Account |url=https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/delhi-high-court/delhi-high-court-issues-notice-on-abhijeet-dipkes-plea-against-blocking-of-cockroach-janta-partys-x-account-536099 |work=Live Law |date=29 May 2026 |access-date=2026-07-22}}</ref>

Separately, a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) was filed before the Allahabad High Court by Karnataka BJP worker S. Vignesh Shishir seeking an investigation by agencies including the National Investigation Agency and Enforcement Directorate into Dipke and the Cockroach Janta Party. The petition alleged that the organisation was conducting an "engineered digital campaign" affecting public order and sought the blocking of its social media accounts. The petition also requested investigations under several security-related laws. The allegations reflected the petitioner's claims and had not been adjudicated by the court.<ref name="siasat">{{cite news |title=Plea in HC claims Cockroach Janta Party founder waging war against Centre |url=https://www.siasat.com/plea-in-hc-claims-cockroach-janta-party-founder-waging-war-against-centre-3479130/ |work=The Siasat Daily |date=29 May 2026 |access-date=2026-07-22}}</ref><ref name="lawchakra">{{cite news |title=Existential Threat To India's Stability: Plea In Allahabad High Court Seeks Action Against Cockroach Janta Party Founder Abhijeet Dipke |url=https://lawchakra.in/high-court/cockroach-janta-party-abhijeet-dipke/ |work=Law Chakra |date=1 June 2026 |access-date=2026-07-22}}</ref>

=== 2019 complaint ===
[[File:Abhijeet Dipke Tweets on Kashmir.jpg|thumb|Screenshot of a tweet posted by Abhijeet Dipke on 5 August 2019 regarding Kashmir and Article 370. The tweet was later deleted from his X (formerly Twitter) account.]]
In August 2019, the Legal Rights Observatory (LRO), a legal advocacy organisation, submitted a complaint to Pune Police against Abhijeet Dipke over a series of social media posts published following the Government of India's decision to abrogate Article 370, which revoked the special status of Jammu and Kashmir. The complaint alleged that Dipke's posts promoted narratives sympathetic to Kashmiri separatists and sought legal action under various provisions of Indian law. It requested that Pune Police register a criminal case and investigate the matter.<ref name="statesman"/><ref name="jaipur"/>

The complaint cited several posts in which Dipke commented on the situation in Jammu and Kashmir following the constitutional changes. It alleged that the posts spread misinformation, encouraged separatist sentiment, and were prejudicial to India's sovereignty and integrity. It further sought investigation under provisions of the Indian Penal Code and other laws relating to national security.<ref name="jaipur"/>

One of the posts referenced in the complaint was a tweet published by Dipke on 5 August 2019 stating, ''"Need to stand with #Kashmir. Today its Kashmir, tomorrow it can be your state."'' The tweet was later deleted from his X (formerly Twitter) account.<ref name="statesman"/>

In interviews given in 2026, Vinay Joshi of the Legal Rights Observatory stated that despite repeated follow-ups with Pune Police over several years, he was not aware of any FIR having been registered in connection with the complaint. ''The Statesman'' reported that it contacted Dipke for comment but had not received a response.<ref name="statesman"/>

== Personal life ==
Dipke's parents, Bhagwanrao and Anita Dipke, have spoken publicly about their worries over his political activism and the risks that have come with his rising public profile.<ref name="Lokmat"/><ref name="lokmat"/> He lived in [[Boston]], Massachusetts, while studying at Boston University, before returning to India in June 2026 to join the CJP protests.<ref name="ReutersJune"/><ref name="ReutersJuly"/>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Twitter|abhijeet_dipke|Abhijeet Dipke}}
* {{X (social network)|abhijeet_dipke|Abhijeet Dipke}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dipke, Abhijeet}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1995 births]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:Boston University College of Communication alumni]]
[[Category:Indian expatriates in the United States]]
[[Category:People from Aurangabad]]
[[Category:Politicians from Marathwada]]
[[Category:Political consultants]]

Abhijeet Dipke

2026-07-30T18:11:24Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: See Discuss Page for consensus.

{{Short description|Indian political communication strategist (born 1995)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2026}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Abhijeet Dipke
| image = Abhijeet-dipke.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Dipke in 2026
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1995|9|29}}<ref name="lokmat">{{cite web |title=Despite his viral success, Abhijeet's parents worry about his entry into politics |url=https://www.lokmattimes.com/aurangabad/despite-his-viral-success-abhijeets-parents-worry-about-his-entry-into-politics/ |website=Lokmat Times |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Aurangabad, Maharashtra]], India<ref name="tribune">{{cite web |title=Abhijeet Dipke — The 30-year-old behind Cockroach Janta Party's viral rise |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/trending/abhijeet-dipke-the-30-yr-old-behind-cockroach-janta-partys-viral-rise/ |website=The Tribune |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref>
| death_date =
| death_place =
| other_names =
| occupation = Political communication strategist<ref name="ndtv">{{cite web |title=Who Is Abhijeet Dipke, Founder Of Online Sensation Cockroach Janta Party |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/cockroach-janta-party-who-is-abhijeet-dipke-founder-of-online-sensation-cockroach-janta-party-11531319 |website=NDTV |date=21 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref>
| years_active = 2020–present
| known_for = Founder of the [[Cockroach Janta Party]]<ref name="statesman">{{cite web |title=Cockroach Janata Party's X (Twitter) account withheld in India |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/india/cockroach-janata-party-x-twitter-account-withheld-india-abhijeet-dipke-instagram-hacking-1503596491.html |website=The Statesman |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref>
| notable_works =
| alma_mater = [[Boston University]] ([[MSc]])<ref name="etvbharat">{{cite web |title=Explained: Who Is Abhijeet Dipke, The Man Behind India's Most Unexpectedly Viral Political Satire? |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/en/lifestyle/abhijeet-dipke-started-cockroach-janata-party-cjp-enn26052101475 |website=ETV Bharat |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref>
| education = [[Boston University]] ([[Master of Science|MS]] in public relations)
| website =
}}
'''Abhijeet Dipke''' (born 29 September 1995) is an Indian political communication strategist and the founder of the [[Cockroach Janta Party]] (CJP), a satirical political movement that started in May 2026 after remarks made by [[Chief Justice of India]] [[Surya Kant]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jain |first=Sanya |date=2026-05-21 |title=Who is Abhijeet Dipke, the Boston-educated founder of Cockroach Janata Party? |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/trending/who-is-abhijeet-dipke-the-boston-educated-founder-of-cockroach-janata-party-101779346291274.html |access-date=2026-05-24 |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en}}</ref><ref name="bbc">{{cite web |title=India has a new political superstar - a cockroach |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cz72y11jjq1o |website=BBC News |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref><ref name="aljazeera">{{cite web |title='Cockroach Janta Party': Top Indian judge's comment sparks satire, protest |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2026/5/20/cockroach-janata-party-top-indian-judges-comment-sparks-satire-protest |website=Al Jazeera |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref><ref name="ReutersMay">{{cite news |title=India's 'Cockroach' group goes viral, spotlights Gen Z worries |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/indias-cockroach-group-goes-viral-spotlights-gen-z-worries-2026-05-21/ |work=Reuters |date=21 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="BBCMay">{{cite news |last=Mateen |first=Zoya |title=Cockroach Janta Party (CJP): How Abhijeet Dipke's collective became an online sensation |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cz72y11jjq1o |work=BBC News |date=21 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="NYTMay">{{cite news |title=The Man Turning the Cockroach Into a Gen-Z Movement in India |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2026/05/28/world/asia/cockroach-janta-party-india-movement.html |work=The New York Times |date=28 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> He previously served as a volunteer with the [[Aam Aadmi Party]] (AAP)'s social media team from 2020 to 2023 before leaving to pursue higher studies abroad.<ref name="ndtv"/><ref name="tribune"/><ref name="ETV">{{cite news |title=Explained: Who Is Abhijeet Dipke, The Man Behind India's Most Unexpectedly Viral Political Satire? |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/en/lifestyle/abhijeet-dipke-started-cockroach-janata-party-cjp-enn26052101475 |work=ETV Bharat |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="NDTVMay"/>

Dipke first drew attention with a post on [[X (social network)|X]] responding to the remarks. The post snowballed into the CJP, which within weeks had attracted millions of followers and grown into a youth-led protest movement centred on unemployment, examination irregularities and government accountability.<ref name="ReutersMay"/><ref name="BBCMay"/><ref name="NYTMay"/> By July 2026, Dipke had emerged as one of the principal public faces of the protests in New Delhi. Reuters called him the most recognisable figure of the youth-led movement, describing it as among the largest street protests Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]]'s government had faced since 2014.<ref name="ReutersJuly">{{cite news |last=Agarwala |first=Tora |title=How Abhijeet Dipke became the face of India's first Gen Z protest movement, and won |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/abhijeet-dipke-face-indias-first-gen-z-protest-movement-2026-07-23/ |work=Reuters |date=23 July 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> The protests carried on through July and culminated in the resignation of Union Education Minister [[Dharmendra Pradhan]] on 25 July.<ref name="GuardianResign">{{cite news |title=India's education minister resigns in victory for Cockroach youth movement protests |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2026/jul/25/dharmendra-pradhan-india-education-minister-resigns-cockroach-movement |work=The Guardian |date=25 July 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="IndianExpressResign">{{cite news |title='This is just the beginning': Abhijeet Dipke thanks supporters day after Dharmendra Pradhan's resignation |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/abhijeet-dipke-cockroach-janta-party-supporters-dharmendra-pradhan-resignation-10803991/ |work=The Indian Express |date=26 July 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Abhijeet Dipke was born on 29 September 1995 in [[Aurangabad, Maharashtra|Aurangabad]] (now Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar), Maharashtra.<ref name="lokmat"/><ref name="tribune"/><ref name="Lokmat">{{cite news |title=Despite his viral success, Abhijeet's parents worry about his entry into politics |url=https://www.lokmattimes.com/aurangabad/despite-his-viral-success-abhijeets-parents-worry-about-his-entry-into-politics/ |work=Lokmat Times |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> He grew up in a Dalit family in the state.<ref name="ReutersJuly"/> His father Bhagwanrao Dipke is a retired engineer from MIDC, and his mother Anita Dipke is a homemaker.<ref name="lokmat"/> He completed his primary education in Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar and later studied at S.B. College.<ref name="lokmat"/>

Dipke earned a bachelor's degree in Journalism in [[Pune]].<ref name="ndtv"/><ref name="tribune"/><ref name="NDTVMay">{{cite news |title=Who Is Abhijeet Dipke, Founder Of Online Sensation Cockroach Janta Party |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/cockroach-janta-party-who-is-abhijeet-dipke-founder-of-online-sensation-cockroach-janta-party-11531319 |work=NDTV |date=21 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> His father had initially secured his admission in engineering through management quota, but Dipke did not appear for the first-year exams and later shifted to mass media.<ref name="lokmat"/> He then moved to the [[United States]] and completed a Master of Science in Public Relations from [[Boston University]].<ref name="etvbharat"/><ref name="bbc"/><ref name="ReutersJuly"/><ref name="AlJazeeraMay">{{cite news |last=Sharma |first=Yashraj |title='Cockroach Janta Party': Top Indian judge's comment sparks satire, protest |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2026/5/20/cockroach-janata-party-top-indian-judges-comment-sparks-satire-protest |work=Al Jazeera |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref>

== Career ==
=== Work with Aam Aadmi Party ===
[[File:Abhijeet Dipke with Manish Sisodia.jpg|thumb|Abhijeet Dipke with Manish Sisodia]]
Between 2020 and 2023, Dipke worked as a volunteer with the [[Aam Aadmi Party]] (AAP) social media team.<ref name="ndtv"/><ref name="tribune"/><ref name="ETV">{{cite news |title=Explained: Who Is Abhijeet Dipke, The Man Behind India's Most Unexpectedly Viral Political Satire? |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/en/lifestyle/abhijeet-dipke-started-cockroach-janata-party-cjp-enn26052101475 |work=ETV Bharat |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="NDTVMay"/> During the [[2020 Delhi Legislative Assembly election]], which AAP won under [[Arvind Kejriwal]]'s leadership, he made meme-based digital content aimed at young voters.<ref name="ndtv"/><ref name="etvbharat"/><ref name="NDTVMay"/><ref name="ETV"/> He also served as a communication advisor for the Delhi government's education department.<ref name="timesnow">{{cite web |title=Who Is Abhijeet Dipke: कोण आहेत 'कॉक्रोच जनता पार्टी'चे संस्थापक? |url=https://marathi.timesnownews.com/news/who-is-abhijeet-dipke-man-behind-cockroach-janta-party-overpassing-bjp-on-instagram-gen-z-digital-movement-article-154366512 |website=Times Now Marathi |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref><ref name="TimesNow">{{cite news |title=Who Is Abhijeet Dipke: कोण आहेत 'कॉक्रोच जनता पार्टी'चे संस्थापक? |url=https://marathi.timesnownews.com/news/who-is-abhijeet-dipke-man-behind-cockroach-janta-party-overpassing-bjp-on-instagram-gen-z-digital-movement-article-154366512 |work=Times Now Marathi |language=mr |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> He left AAP in 2023 to study abroad.<ref name="etvbharat"/><ref name="ETV"/>

=== Cockroach Janta Party ===
{{Main|Cockroach Janta Party}}
On 15 May 2026, Chief Justice Surya Kant said during a [[Supreme Court of India|Supreme Court]] hearing: "There are youngsters like cockroaches, who do not get any employment or have any place in a profession. Some of them become media, some become social media, [[Right to Information Act, 2005|RTI]] activists, and they start attacking everyone."<ref name="aljazeera"/><ref name="statesman"/> The next day, Dipke posted on [[X (social network)|X]]: "What if all cockroaches come together?"<ref name="aljazeera"/><ref name="ReutersMay"/><ref name="AlJazeeraMay"/> He then created the Cockroach Janta Party as a satirical online group, setting up a website and a Google Form for membership.<ref name="statesman"/><ref name="timesnow"/><ref name="ReutersMay"/><ref name="BBCMay"/> Within days, the party had over 350,000 registered members.<ref name="aljazeera"/> By 21 May 2026, the CJP's Instagram account had crossed 19 million followers, more than any other political party in India.<ref name="ndtv"/><ref name="tribuneindia">{{cite web |title=Cockroach Janta Party founder Dipke's parents averse to son's 'pursuit of politics' |url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/india/cockroach-janta-party-founder-dipkes-parents-averse-to-sons-pursuit-of-politics/ |website=The Tribune |date=21 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref> Reuters reported that its Instagram account had reached nearly 15 million followers within five days of going up.<ref name="ReutersMay"/>

In its early days, the CJP used humour and political satire to needle issues including unemployment, inflation, examination paper leaks, gender representation and media ownership.<ref name="ReutersMay"/><ref name="AlJazeeraMay"/> Dipke has described the CJP less as a conventional political party than as a platform meant to give younger Indians a louder voice in political debate.<ref name="ReutersMay"/><ref name="AlJazeeraMay"/> Its stated approach combined political satire with demands for government accountability.

The party's X account, which had over 200,000 followers, was later withheld in India "in response to a legal demand."<ref name="statesman"/><ref name="bbc"/><ref name="Statesman">{{cite news |title=Cockroach Janata Party's X (Twitter) account withheld in India |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/india/cockroach-janata-party-x-twitter-account-withheld-india-abhijeet-dipke-instagram-hacking-1503596491.html |work=The Statesman |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> Dipke responded to this on X, calling it an "own goal."<ref name="statesman"/> Dipke also claimed that attempts were made to hack the party's Instagram account and that there was an effort to take its website offline. In a video message, he said: "Many attempts are being made to hack our account. I find it funny that these cowards are targeting young 20-21-year-old students."<ref name="statesman"/><ref name="ReutersThreats">{{cite news |title=Founder of viral Indian Gen Z account alleges crackdown, threats |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/media-telecom/founder-viral-indian-gen-z-account-alleges-crackdown-threats-2026-05-25/ |work=Reuters |date=25 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> Reuters said it could not independently verify the allegations.<ref name="ReutersThreats"/>

In an interview with ''India Today'', Dipke said: "Someone who is there to safeguard our freedom of expression is comparing us with cockroaches and parasites for just putting up our opinion."<ref name="indiatoday">{{cite web |title=Meet the man behind Cockroach Janta Party |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/video/meet-the-man-behind-the-cockroach-janta-party-2914598-2026-05-20 |website=India Today |date=20 May 2026 |access-date=22 May 2026}}</ref> In an interview with ''Al Jazeera'', Dipke explained why he picked the cockroach as a symbol: "Those in power think citizens are cockroaches and parasites. They should know that cockroaches breed in rotten places. That's what India is today."<ref name="aljazeera"/>

=== Parents' concerns ===
Following the rapid rise of the Cockroach Janta Party, Dipke's parents expressed concerns about his entry into politics. His mother Anita Dipke told a Marathi news channel that they had lost sleep after learning about his move. His father Bhagwanrao said he wanted his son to take up a job in Pune or Delhi instead of entering politics.<ref name="tribuneindia"/><ref name="lokmat"/><ref name="Lokmat"/> His mother also stated: "He has been rebellious since childhood. Once he decides something, he goes ahead and does it. That is what worries us the most."<ref name="lokmat"/>

== Protest movement ==
{{See also|2026 Delhi Jantar Mantar protests}}
Dipke returned to India from Boston in June 2026 and led a CJP demonstration at [[Jantar Mantar]] in New Delhi.<ref name="ReutersJune">{{cite news |title='Cockroach' youth group founder leads first street protest after arrival in India |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/indias-cockroach-youth-movement-founder-arrives-new-delhi-protest-modi-2026-06-06/ |work=Reuters |date=6 June 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="Bloomberg">{{cite news |title=India Youth Protest Leader Quits US to Return Home and Demonstrate |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2026-06-06/india-youth-protest-leader-quits-us-to-return-home-and-demonstrate |work=Bloomberg |date=6 June 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> The demonstrations centred largely on alleged irregularities and paper leaks in national examinations and called for Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan's resignation.<ref name="ReutersJune"/><ref name="AlJazeeraJune">{{cite news |last=Sharma |first=Yashraj |title='I'm a cockroach': Gen Z protest movement lands in Indian capital |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/features/2026/6/6/im-a-cockroach-gen-z-protest-movement-lands-in-indian-capital |work=Al Jazeera |date=6 June 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> Dipke became a fixture at the protest site, speaking often and repeatedly urging demonstrators to keep things peaceful.<ref name="ReutersJuly"/>

The protest camp held through June and into July as the movement outgrew its original online, satirical format.<ref name="ReutersJuly"/><ref name="AlJazeeraCamp">{{cite news |title=India's 'Cockroach' movement camps out until education minister resigns |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/6/21/indias-cockroach-movement-camps-out-until-education-minister-resigns |work=Al Jazeera |date=21 June 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref> On 20 July, thousands of protesters tried to march on [[Parliament of India|Parliament]] despite a police ban. Police responded with tear gas and batons to disperse parts of the crowd, and the ensuing clashes left both protesters and officers injured.<ref name="ReutersMarch">{{cite news |title=India's 'cockroach movement' leaders say minister promised government will weigh demands |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/indias-cockroach-movement-supporters-gather-march-despite-police-ban-2026-07-20/ |work=Reuters |date=20 July 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="ReutersProtests">{{cite news |title=Thousands protest in India after clashes, despite Modi assuring action on exams |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/india/india-youth-group-says-protest-continue-after-delhi-clashes-injure-180-2026-07-21/ |work=Reuters |date=21 July 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref>

In the aftermath, Dipke said the movement would keep up its sit-in but suspend further street marches, citing safety concerns for participants.<ref name="AlJazeeraHalt">{{cite news |title=India's 'cockroach' protest movement halts marches after police violence |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/7/21/indias-cockroach-protest-movement-halts-marches-after-police-violence |work=Al Jazeera |date=21 July 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref>

On 25 July 2026, with the protests still under way, Dharmendra Pradhan resigned as Union Education Minister.<ref name="GuardianResign"/><ref name="IndianExpressResign"/> Dipke broke the news to protesters gathered at Jantar Mantar and called it a win for the movement, though later reports suggested he and the CJP intended to keep pushing for broader reforms to the education system.<ref name="HTResign">{{cite news |title=Abhijeet Dipke reacts as Dharmendra Pradhan resigns amid CJP stir: 'Just the beginning' |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/we-have-done-it-abhijeet-dipkes-first-reaction-as-dharmendra-pradhan-resigns-cjp-jantar-mantar-genz-protest-neet-101784971510386.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=25 July 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref><ref name="NDTVResign">{{cite news |title=Abhijeet Dipke's "Going To Take A Nap" Post Shortly After Dharmendra Pradhan Resigns |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/dharmendra-pradhan-resigns-cockroach-janta-party-abhijeet-dipkes-going-to-take-a-nap-shortly-after-dharmendra-pradhan-resigns-11820882 |work=NDTV |date=25 July 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref>

== Political positions ==
Dipke has called the Cockroach Janta Party a "platform" for young Indians who feel left out of mainstream politics.<ref name="bbc"/><ref name="AlJazeeraMay"/> He has said it operates independently of the AAP and other established parties.<ref name="AlJazeeraMay"/> He has framed the movement as a way of drawing young people more directly into public debate, with an emphasis on peaceful political action.<ref name="ReutersMay"/><ref name="ReutersJuly"/> The party's manifesto includes demands for a ban on post-retirement Rajya Sabha seats for Chief Justices, 50 per cent reservation for women in Parliament and Cabinet, and cancellation of licenses for media houses owned by the [[Adani Group]] and [[Reliance Industries]].<ref name="aljazeera"/><ref name="ReutersMay"/> During the 2026 protests, its central demand narrowed to accountability over the examination irregularities and the education minister's resignation.<ref name="ReutersJune"/><ref name="ReutersMarch"/> Dipke has named [[B. R. Ambedkar]] as an influence on his politics and his views on social equality.<ref name="ReutersJuly"/>

== Threats and attacks ==
In May 2026, Dipke said that he and members of his family had received threatening messages after the CJP took off online. Reuters reported the claims but noted it had been unable to verify them independently.<ref name="ReutersThreats"/> The alleged threats were also picked up by Indian outlets.<ref>{{cite news |title='Marwa denge tujhe': Cockroach Janta Party founder Abhijeet Dipke receives death threats on WhatsApp |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/marwa-deinge-tujhe-cockroach-janta-party-founder-abhijeet-dipke-receives-death-threats-on-whatsapp/articleshow/131261469.cms |work=The Times of India |date=22 May 2026 |access-date=28 July 2026}}</ref>

In July, Dipke was reportedly the target of an ink-throwing incident while addressing supporters at a protest. Reuters reported that the woman involved subsequently accused the movement of insulting the Hindu deity [[Rama]].<ref name="ReutersJuly"/>

== Legal proceedings ==
In May 2026, Dipke filed a petition before the Delhi High Court challenging the Central Government's order directing X to withhold access to the Cockroach Janta Party's account under Section 69A of the Information Technology Act. The petition argued that the blocking order was unlawful and sought restoration of the account. The Delhi High Court issued notice on the plea and directed the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology's Review Committee to examine the blocking order, while declining to grant interim relief.<ref name="quint">{{cite news |last=Varma |first=Aishwarya |title=Founded in Satire, Attacked by Lies: Debunking the Narratives Targeting CJP |url=https://www.thequint.com/news/webqoof/cockroach-janta-party-narratives-misinformation-protests |work=The Quint |date=12 June 2026 |access-date=2026-07-22}}</ref><ref name="livelaw">{{cite web |title=Delhi High Court Directs MeiTY's Review Committee To Examine Abhijeet Dipke's Plea For Unblocking Cockroach Janta Party's X Account |url=https://www.livelaw.in/high-court/delhi-high-court/delhi-high-court-issues-notice-on-abhijeet-dipkes-plea-against-blocking-of-cockroach-janta-partys-x-account-536099 |work=Live Law |date=29 May 2026 |access-date=2026-07-22}}</ref>

Separately, a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) was filed before the Allahabad High Court by Karnataka BJP worker S. Vignesh Shishir seeking an investigation by agencies including the National Investigation Agency and Enforcement Directorate into Dipke and the Cockroach Janta Party. The petition alleged that the organisation was conducting an "engineered digital campaign" affecting public order and sought the blocking of its social media accounts. The petition also requested investigations under several security-related laws. The allegations reflected the petitioner's claims and had not been adjudicated by the court.<ref name="siasat">{{cite news |title=Plea in HC claims Cockroach Janta Party founder waging war against Centre |url=https://www.siasat.com/plea-in-hc-claims-cockroach-janta-party-founder-waging-war-against-centre-3479130/ |work=The Siasat Daily |date=29 May 2026 |access-date=2026-07-22}}</ref><ref name="lawchakra">{{cite news |title=Existential Threat To India's Stability: Plea In Allahabad High Court Seeks Action Against Cockroach Janta Party Founder Abhijeet Dipke |url=https://lawchakra.in/high-court/cockroach-janta-party-abhijeet-dipke/ |work=Law Chakra |date=1 June 2026 |access-date=2026-07-22}}</ref>

=== 2019 complaint ===
[[File:Abhijeet Dipke Tweets on Kashmir.jpg|thumb|Screenshot of a tweet posted by Abhijeet Dipke on 5 August 2019 regarding Kashmir and Article 370. The tweet was later deleted from his X (formerly Twitter) account.]]
In August 2019, the Legal Rights Observatory (LRO), a legal advocacy organisation, submitted a complaint to Pune Police against Abhijeet Dipke over a series of social media posts published following the Government of India's decision to abrogate Article 370, which revoked the special status of Jammu and Kashmir. The complaint alleged that Dipke's posts promoted narratives sympathetic to Kashmiri separatists and sought legal action under various provisions of Indian law. It requested that Pune Police register a criminal case and investigate the matter.<ref name="statesman"/><ref name="jaipur"/>

The complaint cited several posts in which Dipke commented on the situation in Jammu and Kashmir following the constitutional changes. It alleged that the posts spread misinformation, encouraged separatist sentiment, and were prejudicial to India's sovereignty and integrity. It further sought investigation under provisions of the Indian Penal Code and other laws relating to national security.<ref name="jaipur"/>

One of the posts referenced in the complaint was a tweet published by Dipke on 5 August 2019 stating, ''"Need to stand with #Kashmir. Today its Kashmir, tomorrow it can be your state."'' The tweet was later deleted from his X (formerly Twitter) account.<ref name="statesman"/>

In interviews given in 2026, Vinay Joshi of the Legal Rights Observatory stated that despite repeated follow-ups with Pune Police over several years, he was not aware of any FIR having been registered in connection with the complaint. ''The Statesman'' reported that it contacted Dipke for comment but had not received a response.<ref name="statesman"/>

== Personal life ==
Dipke's parents, Bhagwanrao and Anita Dipke, have spoken publicly about their worries over his political activism and the risks that have come with his rising public profile.<ref name="Lokmat"/><ref name="lokmat"/> He lived in [[Boston]], Massachusetts, while studying at Boston University, before returning to India in June 2026 to join the CJP protests.<ref name="ReutersJune"/><ref name="ReutersJuly"/>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Twitter|abhijeet_dipke|Abhijeet Dipke}}
* {{X (social network)|abhijeet_dipke|Abhijeet Dipke}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Dipke, Abhijeet}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1995 births]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:Boston University College of Communication alumni]]
[[Category:Indian expatriates in the United States]]
[[Category:People from Aurangabad]]
[[Category:Politicians from Marathwada]]
[[Category:Political consultants]]

Talk:Abhijeet Dipke

2026-07-27T06:00:22Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: /* Proposal */ new section

== Proposal ==

I propose expanding the lead to include Abhijeet Dipke's previous association with the [[Aam Aadmi Party]] (AAP), rather than limiting the lead to his role as founder of the Cockroach Janta Party.

The article body already contains sourced information that Dipke was a volunteer with AAP's social media team from 2020 to 2023 before leaving to pursue higher studies abroad.

'''Suggested wording:'''

{{Green|'''Abhijeet Dipke''' (born 29 September 1995) is an Indian political communication strategist and the founder of the [[Cockroach Janta Party]] (CJP), a satirical political movement that started in May 2026 after remarks made by [[Chief Justice of India]] [[Surya Kant]]. He previously served as a volunteer with the [[Aam Aadmi Party]] (AAP)'s social media team from 2020 to 2023 before leaving to pursue higher studies abroad.}}

Comments are welcome. [[User:Bharatwiki_Socrates|🍁Bharatwiki Socrates🍁]][[User talk:Bharatwiki_Socrates|(📩)]] 11:30, 27 July 2026 (IST)

Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024

2026-07-19T13:17:13Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Created page with "{{Infobox legislation | name = Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024 | long_title = An Act to prevent unfair means in the public examinations and to provide for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. | territory = India | enacted_by = Parliament of India | introduced_by = Dr. Jitendra Singh (Minister of State for Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions) | bill_date = 5 February 2024 |..."

{{Infobox legislation
| name = Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024
| long_title = An Act to prevent unfair means in the public examinations and to provide for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
| territory = India
| enacted_by = Parliament of India
| introduced_by = Dr. Jitendra Singh (Minister of State for Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions)
| bill_date = 5 February 2024
| passed_lok_sabha = 6 February 2024
| passed_rajya_sabha = 9 February 2024
| presidential_assent = 12 February 2024
| commenced = 21 June 2024
| act_no = Act No. 1 of 2024
}}

The '''Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024''' is an Act of the Parliament of India designed to curb paper leaks, organized cheating networks, and institutional malpractices in central public examinations and entrance tests.<ref name="PIB_Intro">Press Information Bureau (5 February 2024). [https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2002592 "Government introduces a Bill in the Lok Sabha titled 'The Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Bill, 2024'"]. Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions. Retrieved 19 July 2026.</ref> Introduced during a period marked by large-scale disruptions in competitive hiring and admissions, the legislation seeks to secure the integrity of public testing systems and shield honest candidates from systemic corruption.<ref name="PIB_Pass">Press Information Bureau (6 February 2024). [https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=2003211 "Lok Sabha passes 'The Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Bill, 2024'"]. Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions. Retrieved 19 July 2026.</ref>

The Act was officially brought into force by the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions on 21 June 2024.<ref name="IMPRI_Enforce">IMPRI Insights (June 2024). [https://www.impriindia.com/insights/public-examinations-unfair-means-act/ "Public Examinations (Preventions Of Unfair Means) Act, 2024: Implementation and Scope"]. Impact and Policy Research Institute. Retrieved 19 July 2026.</ref>

== Background ==
Between 2019 and 2024, multiple high-profile recruitment and entrance examinations across several Indian states faced frequent disruptions due to leakage of question papers, compromised digital test networks, and collusion by designated third-party test center administrators.<ref name="PIB_Pass" /> According to reporting data compiled from public testing agencies, these frequent disruptions severely delayed or derailed employment prospects for lakhs of candidates vying for government posts across various tiers.<ref name="PIB_Intro" />

Prior to the passage of this Act, India lacked a comprehensive central legal architecture dedicated exclusively to prosecuting organized rackets exploiting the public testing sector.<ref name="PIB_Pass" /> While specific state-level laws existed in certain regions like Rajasthan and Uttarakhand, central agencies relied primarily on generalized provisions within the Indian Penal Code (subsequently replaced by the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita), which lacked specific teeth to counter highly sophisticated tech-driven cheating syndicates.<ref name="PIB_Pass" /> The central law was explicitly introduced to establish a uniform, non-bailable framework targeting perpetrators operating on an institutional or organized level.<ref name="PRS_Track">PRS Legislative Research (February 2024). [https://prsindia.org/billtrack/the-public-examinations-prevention-of-unfair-means-bill-2024 "The Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Bill, 2024"]. Bill Track. Retrieved 19 July 2026.</ref>

== Scope and Applicability ==
The provisions of the Act apply strictly to examinations conducted by centralized testing bodies designated as "Public Examination Authorities" under the legal schedule.<ref name="IndiaCode_Act">Ministry of Law and Justice (12 February 2024). [https://upload.indiacode.nic.in/view-casepdf?type=act&id=AC_CEN_26_36_00009_A2024-01_1719556801892 "The Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024"]. Gazette of India. India Code Portal. Retrieved 19 July 2026.</ref> These include:<ref name="PRS_Track" />
* '''Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)'''
* '''Staff Selection Commission (SSC)'''
* '''Railway Recruitment Boards (RRBs)'''
* '''Institute of Banking Personnel Selection (IBPS)'''
* '''National Testing Agency (NTA)''' (governing major national entrance tests such as NEET-UG, JEE Main, and CUET)
* Ministries, departments, and attached subordinate offices of the Central Government conducting recruitment tests.

=== Exclusion of Candidates ===
A crucial feature clarified during the parliamentary debate by Minister Jitendra Singh is that '''individual students and test candidates are kept entirely outside the punitive scope of the Act'''.<ref name="PIB_Intro" /> Candidates caught employing unfair means remain subject to the administrative rules, debarment policies, and disciplinary codes of their respective testing authorities.<ref name="PIB_Intro" /> The criminal provisions under this Act are structurally geared towards tracking and penalizing organized rackets, administrative staff, leaks for monetary gain, and deceptive service providers.<ref name="PIB_Pass" />

== Key Provisions ==

=== Definition of "Unfair Means" ===
Section 3 of the Act codifies what legally constitutes malpractice for monetary or wrongful gain. This incorporates:<ref name="IndiaCode_Act" />
# Unauthorized leakage or access to a question paper, answer key, or part thereof.
# Participating in collusion with external parties to effect leaks or access unauthorized OMR response sheets.
# Providing solutions or unauthorized assistance to test-takers during the active duration of the test.
# Tampering with physical answer scripts, digital networks, computer resources, or biometric validation tools.
# Simulating artificial seating arrangements or date shifts to systematically allow select individuals to cheat.
# Setting up fake portals, mock websites, or issuing counterfeit documentation to extract money under the guise of exam operations.

=== Punishments and Penalties ===
The legal penalties under the Act scale based on whether an offense is classified as individual malpractice or an organized conspiracy:<ref name="PRS_Track" />

* '''For Individuals:''' Any person including administrative personnel or venue support found committing or facilitating an offense faces a minimum prison term of three years (extendable up to five years), along with a fine reaching up to ₹10 lakh.<ref name="IndiaCode_Act" /> Defaulting on the fine triggers additional imprisonment under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS).<ref name="Gazette_Official">Ministry of Law and Justice (12 February 2024). [https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_parliament/2024/The_Public_Examinations_(Prevention_of_Unfair_Means)_Act,_2024.pdf "The Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024 (No. 1 of 2024)"]. Gazette of India Extraordinary. Retrieved 19 July 2026.</ref>
* '''For Service Providers:''' Third-party IT firms, digital test delivery vendors, or designated infrastructure partners who collude in cheating schemes face an absolute corporate fine of up to ₹1 crore.<ref name="PRS_Track" /> Additionally, they face a complete ban from hosting any public examinations for a period of four years, alongside a mandate to recover the proportionate financial cost of re-conducting the compromised exam.<ref name="PRS_Track" />
* '''For Organized Crime & Institutions:''' When an entire institution, school, management committee, or syndicate systematically engineers cheating or paper distributions, the minimum prison sentence escalates to five years (extendable up to 10 years) for the directors or orchestrators, with a mandatory minimum fine of ₹1 crore.<ref name="PRS_Track" /> The Act also empowers law enforcement to order the attachment and forfeiture of the guilty institution’s properties.<ref name="PRS_Track" />

=== Investigation and Legal Nature ===
To ensure rapid deterrence, Section 9 stipulates that all offenses prosecuted under the Act are categorized as:<ref name="PRS_Track" />
* '''Cognizable:''' Police officers are authorized to make arrests without requiring a prior warrant from a magistrate, and can launch formal investigations automatically.
* '''Non-Bailable:''' Accused individuals cannot claim bail as an automatic statutory right; it remains subject to the judicial evaluation of the court.
* '''Non-Compoundable:''' Cases cannot be dropped via out-of-court settlements, compromises, or complaints being withdrawn; a strict trial must follow.

All investigations must be carried out by an officer holding a rank no lower than Deputy Superintendent of Police (DySP) or Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACP).<ref name="PRS_Track" /> The Central Government retains the power to escalate and transfer any case to specialized central investigative agencies if multi-state operations are detected.<ref name="PRS_Track" />

== Implementation and Rules ==
In June 2024, the central government formally notified the associated administrative rules to expand on the physical and operational execution of the parent Act.<ref name="IMPRI_Enforce" />

The framework introduced strict guidelines for the management of testing locations, requiring the deployment of an independent oversight structure at testing centers.<ref name="IMPRI_Enforce" /> The provisions also mandated the formation of a High-Level National Technical Committee on Public Examinations.<ref name="PIB_Intro" /> This technical committee is specifically tasked with creating nation-wide digital firewalls, establishing secure physical and IT infrastructure metrics, and providing dynamic protocols for encrypted server networks to prevent digital hacking or leaks at remote test sites.<ref name="PIB_Intro" />

== See Also ==
* [[National Testing Agency]]
* [[Union Public Service Commission]]
* [[Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:2024 in Indian law]]
[[Category:Acts of the Parliament of India]]
[[Category:Education in India]]
[[Category:Legal history of India]]

Talk:Love Jihad cases

2026-07-11T14:16:07Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Blanked the page

Talk:Love Jihad cases

2026-07-11T14:15:03Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: /* Suggestion */ new section

== Suggestion ==

:⁠-⁠)

[[User:Bharatwiki_Socrates|🍁Bharatwiki Socrates🍁]][[User talk:Bharatwiki_Socrates|(📩)]] 19:45, 11 July 2026 (IST)

Love Jihad cases

2026-07-11T14:14:45Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

{{update|date=July 2026}}
{{Short description|Notable reported cases related to Love Jihad allegations in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}}

'''Love Jihad cases''' refers to notable reported incidents in India where Muslim men have been accused of using romantic relationships or marriage to convert non-Muslim women to Islam, often with allegations of deception, coercion, or radicalisation. These cases remain highly controversial, with varying interpretations ranging from individual crimes to organised patterns.<ref>{{cite news |title=India's 'love jihad' conspiracy theory targets Muslim-Hindu interfaith wedding |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/10/10/1041105988/india-muslim-hindu-interfaith-wedding-conversion |work=NPR |date=10 October 2021 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>
== Court Mentions of "Love Jihad"==
The number of court documents (judgments and orders) mentioning the term "Love Jihad" across major Indian High Courts, based on available data from Indian Kanoon and related reports, has been steadily rising in India since 2023:<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://indiankanoon.org/search/?formInput=%22love%20jihad%22&pagenum=2
|title=Indian Kanoon Search: "love jihad"
|publisher=Indian Kanoon
|access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! Year
! All Courts
! Kerala High Court
! Allahabad High Court
! Madhya Pradesh High Court
! Karnataka High Court
! Bombay High Court
|-
| 2009 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2012 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0
|-
| 2013 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0
|-
| 2014 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2015 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2017 || 2 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2018 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2019 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2020 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2021 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0
|-
| 2022 || 5 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 3
|-
| 2023 || 6 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 2
|-
| 2024 || 8 || 3 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2025 || 16 || 10 || 2 || 4 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2026 || 4 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0
|}

== Notable Cases by Year ==

=== 2009–2010 ===
* Early cases emerged in Kerala and Karnataka. Hindu and Christian organisations claimed hundreds of women were lured. One of the first widely reported cases involved a Hindu woman in Karnataka whose father approached the High Court alleging "Love Jihad".

===2014===
* '''Tara Shahdeo Case (Jharkhand):''' National-level rifle shooter Tara Shahdeo filed an FIR alleging that her husband had married her under a false Hindu identity ("Ranjeet Singh Kohli") using Hindu rituals, but was actually a Muslim man named Raqibul Hasan. She alleged she was kept in confinement, physically assaulted, and pressured to undergo a religious conversion. Due to the high-profile nature and administrative links of the accused, the probe was transferred to the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). On September 30, 2023, a Special CBI Court in Ranchi convicted Raqibul Hasan under IPC sections for rape and criminal conspiracy, sentencing him to life imprisonment. Co-conspirators, including his mother and a former High Court registrar who facilitated the deception, received sentences of 10 and 15 years respectively.<ref>{{cite news |title=National shooter Tara Shahdeo forced conversion case: CBI court sentences husband to life imprisonment |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/national-shooter-tara-shahdeo-forced-conversion-case-cbi-court-sentences-husband-to-life-imprisonment/article67364654.ece |work=The Hindu |date=30 September 2023}}</ref>
=== 2015 ===
===2016===
=== 2017 ===
* '''Hadiya Case (Kerala)''': Akhila (later Hadiya), a Hindu woman who converted to Islam and married Shafeen Jahan. Her father alleged forced conversion. The Kerala High Court annulled the marriage, but the Supreme Court restored it, upholding her right as an adult.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: The Indian law threatening interfaith love |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55158684 |work=BBC News |date=7 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>
===2018===
===2019===
=== 2020 ===
* Uttar Pradesh and other states saw increased cases after anti-conversion ordinances. Several Muslim men were arrested under new laws for alleged forced conversions through marriage.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: What a reported miscarriage says about India's new law |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55314832 |work=BBC News |date=16 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

=== 2021 ===
* Multiple arrests reported in Uttar Pradesh under the new anti-conversion law. Cases involved allegations of fake identities and conversion pressure.<ref>{{cite news |title=India's 'love jihad' anti-conversion laws aim to further oppress minorities |url=https://theconversation.com/indias-love-jihad-anti-conversion-laws-aim-to-further-oppress-minorities-and-its-working-166746 |work=The Conversation |date=3 September 2021 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

=== 2022 ===
* '''Shradha Walkar Murder (Delhi)''': Shradha Walkar, a Hindu woman, was allegedly murdered and dismembered by her live-in partner Aftab Poonawala. The case was widely linked to Love Jihad patterns by many media outlets and politicians.<ref>{{cite news |title='They cut him into pieces': India's 'love jihad' conspiracy theory turns lethal |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jan/21/they-cut-him-into-pieces-indias-love-jihad-conspiracy-theory-turns-lethal |work=The Guardian |date=21 January 2022 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>
=== 2023 ===
* Several cases reported from Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan involving allegations of stalking, forced conversion, and violence. The release of the film ''The Kerala Story'' brought renewed attention to older Kerala cases.
* Reports of vigilante actions and attacks on interfaith couples also increased during this period.
=== 2024 ===
* '''Yashashree Shinde Case (Maharashtra):''' In Uran, Maharashtra, a young Dalit woman named Yashashree Shinde was murdered. The accused, Dawood Shaikh, who had a prior relationship history with the victim, was arrested. The incident triggered significant local protests, with community leaders invoking the "Love Jihad" narrative. The state police processed the case under standard murder charges alongside sections of the POCSO Act and the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act.
=== 2025===
*'''Jhangur Baba Conversion Racket (Balrampur, UP):''' Jamaluddin alias Chhangur Baba / Jhangur Baba from Rehra Mafi village in Balrampur (Utraula area), was arrested by UP ATS along with associate Neetu alias Nasreen from a Lucknow hotel. The mastermind of a large illegal religious conversion racket. According to UP ATS, he sent Muslim youths disguised as Hindus to trap Hindu girls (especially Brahmin/Thakur), befriended them, took to his dargah for conversion to Islam, performed nikah, then blackmailed with fake cases or harm. ₹15-16 lakh for Brahmin/Kshatriya/Sikh girls, ₹10-12 lakh for OBC, ₹8-10 lakh for others paid via foreign funding. He also published brainwashing book 'Shijr-e-Tayyaba'. ₹100-106 crore in 40+ bank accounts (foreign funds), luxury properties (including illegal mansion on gram samaj/govt land in Madhpur were demolished by bulldozers), Lonavala land (₹16+ crore), showrooms, cars. 40+ foreign trips. Earlier arrests included son Mehboob, Naveen Rohra.<ref>{{cite news |title=यूपी में धर्मांतरण का मास्टरमाइंड 'झांगुर बाबा' अरेस्ट... |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/amp/local/uttar-pradesh/lucknow/news/love-zihad-in-up-lucknow-jhangur-baba-balrampur-wale-135383699.html |work=Dainik Bhaskar}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=106 Crores In 40 Accounts: Conversion Gang Mastermind Chhangur Baba's Empire |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/religious-conversion-racket-chhangur-baba-funds-from-mideast-lands-worth-crores-conversion-gang-mastermind-chhangur-babas-empire-8849735 |work=NDTV}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Mansion of Chhangur Baba... razed in UP's Balrampur |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/mansion-of-chhangur-baba-accused-of-massillegal-conversions-razed-in-ups-balrampur/amp_articleshow/122326594.cms |work=Times of India |date=2025-07-08}}</ref>
=== 2026 ===
* '''Uttar Pradesh Gym Syndicate Case (January):''' In Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, a gym syndicate running an illegal religious conversion and AI-backed blackmail racket since 2021 was busted. The gang targeted as many as 30 Hindu women (most victims who joined their chain of five gyms namely KGN-1.0, KGN-2.0, KGN-3.0, B-Fit, and Iron Fire for physical training). They befriended the women, gained access to personal photos/videos, used AI tools to create morphed explicit/obscene videos and photos, then blackmailed them for sexual exploitation and to coerce religious conversion. Six accused arrested, including GRP head constable Irshad Khan (40, provided logistical support/protection) and gym owners/trainers: Mohammad Sheikh Ali Alam (31), Faizal Khan (34), Zaheer (32), Shadab (36), and prime accused Farid Ahmed (28, arrested after firing on police during raid/encounter). Obscene AI-edited videos, photos, and chats recovered from mobiles as key evidence. Four of the five gyms run by 3 brothers and brother-in-law. All five gyms sealed till Feb 27 by DM.<ref>{{cite news |title=Gym syndicate targeted Hindu women for religious conversion in UP; GRP head constable among 6 arrested |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/gym-syndicate-targeted-30-hindus-women-for-religious-conversion/amp_articleshow/127324194.cms |work=Times of India |date=2026-01-24 |access-date=2026-07-11}}</ref>

*'''Basti, UP grooming case (February)''' Ajfarul Haq alias Prince from Basti, UP, allegedly trapped over 100 Hindu girls by hiding his identity. He wore a kalava (sacred thread) on his wrist to pose as Hindu, befriended them (often at a private hospital), built relationships with promises of love/marriage/job, entered physical relations, recorded obscene videos, then blackmailed them for further exploitation, forcing into wrong acts or prostitution, and sending some to other states/border areas. Operated as an organised gang with family and others. One victim's complaint led to exposure; police arrested Ajfarul Haq and 7 others, sent to jail.<ref>{{cite news |title=UP: 100 से ज्यादा लड़कियों को फंसाकर संबंध बनाए!... Ajfarul Haq |url=https://www.aajtak.in/uttar-pradesh/story/basti-man-allegedly-trapped-over-100-girls-built-relationships-story-of-ajfarul-haq-who-wore-kalava-to-hide-identity-lclnt-rptc-2455891-2026-02-02 |work=Aaj Tak |date=2026-02-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=UP Basti Love Jihad Case... Ajfarul Haq |url=https://malayalam.indiatoday.in/crime-news/story/up-basti-love-jihad-case-more-than-hundred-girls-trapped-by-ajfarul-haq-rrn-1340432-2026-02-02 |work=India Today Malayalam |date=2026-02-02}}</ref>

* '''TCS Nashik Workplace Case (April 2026):''' At a Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) campus in Nashik, Maharashtra, a major scandal broke out involving allegations of systematic sexual grooming, mental abuse, and pressure for forced religious conversion to Islam. Multiple female employees filed FIRs against campus team leaders. The Nashik Police deployed female officers undercover inside the facility to gather evidence. Authorities registered nine FIRs and arrested seven employees, including team leaders and an Assistant General Manager.<ref>{{cite web |title=What We Know About The TCS Nashik Case So Far |url=https://www.brut.media/in/articles/india/society/what-we-know-about-the-tcs-nashik-case-so-far |work=Brut India |date=22 April 2026}}</ref> The incident was heavily discussed in national media and by political representatives under the terms "Corporate Jihad" and "Love Jihad."<ref>{{cite news |title=From workplace scandal to communal flashpoint: Nashik BPO case sparks 'Corporate jihad' row |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/nashik-bpo-sexual-harassment-scandal-arrests-corporate-jihad-allegations-10631043/ |work=The Indian Express |date=11 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Coercion, conversion and cleaners: What allegations surfaced from undercover probe at TCS Nashik? |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/india/tcs-nashik-investigation--sexual-harassment-conversion-allegations-explainer-ggbuum3a |work=Mathrubhumi |date=15 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=TCS Nashik Case: Employees Targeted Based on Financial and Personal Struggles, Investigation Reveals |url=https://www.lokmattimes.com/nashik/tcs-nashik-case-employees-targeted-based-on-financial-and-personal-struggles-investigation-reveals-a525/ |work=Lokmat Times |date=15 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Probe Shows Forced Conversion Bid In TCS Nashik Case: Devendra Fadnavis |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/probe-shows-forced-conversion-bid-in-tcs-nashik-case-devendra-fadnavis-at-ndtv-marathi-manch-11575847 |work=NDTV |date=1 June 2026}}</ref>

*'''Kheda, Gujarat Gang Rape & Blackmail Case (July):''' In Kheda, Gujarat, nine youths from the same village were accused of sexually assaulting and gang-raping a 17-year-old minor girl repeatedly for three years (2023-2025). Parvez Anwar Khan alias Munawwar Khan Pathan lured her into a "love trap", took nude photos/videos with eight accomplices (Mahir Fakubhai Pathan, Faizan Zahir Khan Pathan, Taufiq/Tausif Hussain Khan Pathan, Sahil Liyaqat Khan alias Dawood Pathan, Ayan Liyaqat Khan Pathan, Moin Firoz Khan Pathan, Maruf alias Noorani Mubarak Pathan, Salman Arif Khan Pathan), and blackmailed her with threats to make them viral or harm her life. They summoned her to various locations for exploitation. Eight arrested; one (Sahil) absconding. Case registered under POCSO Act and gang rape.<ref>{{cite news |title=Eight Held For Sexually Assaulting Minor Girl For Three Years In Kheda |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/en/state/eight-held-for-sexually-assaulting-minor-girl-for-three-years-in-kheda-enn26041805424 |work=ETV Bharat |date=2026-04-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Eight men held for gang-rape and blackmail of teenage girl since 2023 |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/others/eight-men-held-for-gang-rape-and-blackmail-of-teenage-girl-since-2023-101776513267195.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

* '''Amravati Sexual Exploitation Case (April 2026):''' In Paratwada, Amravati district, Maharashtra, a 19-year-old youth named Ayan Ahmed Tanveer Ahmed (alias Mohammad Ayaz) was arrested following allegations of luring minor girls, capturing obscene multimedia files against their will, and distributing them across digital platforms like Snapchat.<ref>{{cite news |title=Youth held in Maharashtra's Amravati for circulating obscene clips of women |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/maharashtra/youth-held-in-maharashtras-amravati-for-circulating-obscene-clips-of-women/article70864161.ece |work=The Hindu |date=15 April 2026}}</ref> A Special Investigation Team (SIT) was demanded by public representatives. While local groups characterized the ring under the "Love Jihad" narrative targeting non-Muslim girls, police investigations noted that the digital leak affected several victims across multiple communities.<ref>{{cite web |title=Amravati Video Scandal: Police Investigation and Details |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tI7lIBWTfII |work=The Lallantop |date=15 April 2026}}</ref> In April 2026, Maharashtra Police arrested Mohammad Ayaz (alias Tanveer), a 19-year-old resident of Paratwada in Amravati district. He was accused of luring at least 180 minor girls through WhatsApp and Snapchat groups, taking them to Mumbai and Pune, filming over 350 obscene videos, and blackmailing them into prostitution. Some videos were allegedly shared online. The arrest followed a complaint by Rajya Sabha MP Anil Bonde. Ayaz was remanded to police custody, and his mobile phone was seized. Authorities later demolished portions of his illegal property.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/maharashtra-man-sexually-exploits-180-minors-shoots-350-videos-arrested-11357933|title=Maharashtra Man Sexually Exploits 180 Minors, Shoots 350 Videos, Arrested|publisher=NDTV|date=2026-04-14|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/maharashtra-police-arrest-man-accused-of-sexually-exploiting-180-minor-girls-filming-350-videos-in-amravati-1776234724138|title=Maharashtra police arrest man accused of sexually exploiting 180 minor girls, filming 350 videos in Amravati|publisher=WION|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/adopted-playboy-persona-maharashtra-man-accused-of-exploiting-minors-11376007|title=Maharashtra 'Love Trap' Accused Says Adopted 'Playboy Persona' After Breakup|publisher=NDTV|date=2026-04-18|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Amravati sexual exploitation case: Four more arrested; hunt for more who circulated videos |url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/amravati-sexual-exploitation-case-four-more-arrested-hunt-for-more-who-circulated-videos/ |work=Daily Excelsior |date=16 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Amravati sexual exploitation case: NCW calls for stricter action, content to be taken down |url=https://theprint.in/india/amravati-sexual-exploitation-case-ncw-calls-for-stricter-action-content-to-be-taken-down/2908066/ |work=ThePrint |date=18 April 2026}}</ref>

* '''Kota Telegram Conversion Case (June 2026):''' The Rajasthan Police arrested an individual named Manish Sharma alias Moin Khan in Kota's Vigyan Nagar. Local organizations, including the Bajrang Dal, alleged that the accused operated an organized conversion and blackmail network targeting non-Muslim women through encrypted digital channels on Telegram, Snapchat, and Discord using thousands of illicitly recorded explicit videos.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kota Conversion Row News: 40,000 Obscene Videos Seized, Pakistan Link Alleged |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NtmC-MoJXc |work=India Today |date=24 June 2026}}</ref> The case was registered under relevant sections of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), the IT Act, and state freedom of religion laws, while the family of the accused denied the conversion syndicate charges.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kota Dharmantaran News: Investigation details on Moin Khan |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78RbBfjZ54g |work=News18 India |date=25 June 2026}}</ref> In June 2026, Moin Khan was arrested in Kota, Rajasthan, following a complaint by Bajrang Dal activist Yogesh Renwal. Activists claimed that over 40,000 obscene videos of Hindu women were found on his devices, along with allegations of religious conversion, circumcision, targeting Hindu women via Telegram, Snapchat, and Discord, and possible Pakistan links. Police registered a case under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and IT Act but stated that investigations had not substantiated claims of religious conversion or foreign links. The probe into the large volume of pornographic material continued.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/kota-case-obscene-videos-bajrang-dal-allegations-police-no-proof-of-conversion-pakistan-link-2933588-2026-06-25|title=40,000 videos and conversion allegations: Inside the growing Kota controversy|publisher=India Today|date=2026-06-25|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/city/kota-religious-conversion-row-bajrang-dal-alleges-40-000-obscene-videos-pak-links-police-probe-on-article-13958484.html|title=Kota religious conversion row: Bajrang Dal alleges 40,000 obscene videos, Pak links; police probe on|publisher=Moneycontrol|date=2026-06-25|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/rajasthan/2026/Jun/26/rajasthan-youth-arrested-over-conversion-allegations-and-obscene-videos-to-trap-hindu-women|title=Rajasthan youth arrested over conversion allegations and obscene videos to trap Hindu women|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=2026-06-26|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title='Trap Hindu Women, Blackmail And Convert': Inside Kota's Religious Conversion Row |url=https://www.news18.com/amp/cities/jaipur/kota-news-religious-conversion-racket-blackmail-love-jihad-targeting-hindu-women-ws-l-10171813.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

* '''Gaya Momo Vendor Exploitation Case (June 2026):''' In Gaya district, Bihar, a roadside momo vendor named Mohammad Rehan was arrested following intense local outrage and complaints. Rehan allegedly lured multiple young and minor girls into relationship traps by offering them free fast-food items ("free momos") over an extended period. He was accused of recording explicit, compromising videos of at least ten victims without their consent and subsequently uploading or sharing the media content online.<ref>{{cite news |title=Crime: Free momos ke bahane taruni ko jaal me odha |url=https://www.esakal.com/desh/bihar-crime-news-young-vendor-blackmailed-girls-after-luring-them-with-free-momos-engaging-in-illicit-physical-relations-and-recording-obscene-videos-in-gaya-vru98 |work=Esakal News |date=30 June 2026}}</ref> The incident triggered significant socio-political reactions regarding digital security and grooming, and local organizations labeled it as a predatory "Love Jihad" tactic. In late June 2026, Rehan Ansari, a momo vendor from Banke Bazar in Gaya district, Bihar, was accused of luring nearly 20 minor girls (including Mahadalit girls) with free momos and social media reels, then filming obscene videos. The case came to light on 22 June 2026 when locals caught him with a minor girl at Banke Dham hill. Over 70 videos were reportedly recovered from his phone. An FIR was registered under the POCSO Act, IT Act, and other sections. Ansari initially fled (reportedly to Delhi) but later surrendered. Videos were sent for forensic examination.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bhaskarenglish.in/local/bihar/news/bihar-youth-films-obscene-videos-hindu-girls-free-momos-rehan-ansari-gayaji-138335006.html|title=Bihar youth Rehan lured Hindu girls with free momos: Recorded obscene clips after befriending them, targeted nearly 20 girls|publisher=Dainik Bhaskar|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latestly.com/india/news/rehan-ansari-viral-video-momo-vendor-accused-of-sx-assault-surrenders-before-patna-police-7500759.html|title=Rehan Ansari Viral Video: Momo Vendor Accused of S*x Assault Surrenders Before Patna Police|publisher=LatestLY|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amarujala.com/bihar/gaya/gaya-bankebazar-viral-obscene-video-pocso-case-fir-against-rehan-ansari-today-bihar-news-gaya-news-c-1-1-noi1233-4447717-2026-06-29|title=गया जी में वायरल अश्लील वीडियो से मचा बवाल|publisher=Amar Ujala|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref>

== Statutory Framework for Prosecution ==
When individual complaints involving allegations of identity concealment, sexual exploitation, or forced conversion are filed, they are legally categorized under the following statutory frameworks:
* '''Rape by Fraudulent Consent (Section 376 IPC / Section 64 BNS):''' Applied when a complainant establishes that sexual intercourse occurred based on a false promise of marriage or a falsified identity.
* '''Cheating (Section 420 IPC / Section 318 BNS):''' For cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property or identity concealment.
* '''State Freedom of Religion Acts:''' Specific provisions penalizing unlawful conversions with enhanced prison sentences if the victim is a minor, a woman, or belongs to a Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe.

== Government Response ==
Many BJP-ruled states have passed anti-conversion laws specifically addressing conversions through marriage. Uttar Pradesh’s 2021 law is one of the strictest.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: The Indian law threatening interfaith love |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55158684 |work=BBC News |date=7 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Crime in India]]
[[Category:Interfaith relations]]
[[Category:Islam in India]]

{{stub}}

Love Jihad cases

2026-07-11T14:07:25Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

{{update|date=July 2026}}
{{Short description|Notable reported cases related to Love Jihad allegations in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}}

'''Love Jihad cases''' refers to notable reported incidents in India where Muslim men have been accused of using romantic relationships or marriage to convert non-Muslim women to Islam, often with allegations of deception, coercion, or radicalisation. These cases remain highly controversial, with varying interpretations ranging from individual crimes to organised patterns.<ref>{{cite news |title=India's 'love jihad' conspiracy theory targets Muslim-Hindu interfaith wedding |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/10/10/1041105988/india-muslim-hindu-interfaith-wedding-conversion |work=NPR |date=10 October 2021 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>
== Court Mentions of "Love Jihad"==
The number of court documents (judgments and orders) mentioning the term "Love Jihad" across major Indian High Courts, based on available data from Indian Kanoon and related reports, has been steadily rising in India since 2023:<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://indiankanoon.org/search/?formInput=%22love%20jihad%22&pagenum=2
|title=Indian Kanoon Search: "love jihad"
|publisher=Indian Kanoon
|access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! Year
! All Courts
! Kerala High Court
! Allahabad High Court
! Madhya Pradesh High Court
! Karnataka High Court
! Bombay High Court
|-
| 2009 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2012 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0
|-
| 2013 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0
|-
| 2014 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2015 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2017 || 2 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2018 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2019 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2020 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2021 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0
|-
| 2022 || 5 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 3
|-
| 2023 || 6 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 2
|-
| 2024 || 8 || 3 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2025 || 16 || 10 || 2 || 4 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2026 || 4 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0
|}

== Notable Cases by Year ==

=== 2009–2010 ===
* Early cases emerged in Kerala and Karnataka. Hindu and Christian organisations claimed hundreds of women were lured. One of the first widely reported cases involved a Hindu woman in Karnataka whose father approached the High Court alleging "Love Jihad".

===2014===
* '''Tara Shahdeo Case (Jharkhand):''' National-level rifle shooter Tara Shahdeo filed an FIR alleging that her husband had married her under a false Hindu identity ("Ranjeet Singh Kohli") using Hindu rituals, but was actually a Muslim man named Raqibul Hasan. She alleged she was kept in confinement, physically assaulted, and pressured to undergo a religious conversion. Due to the high-profile nature and administrative links of the accused, the probe was transferred to the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). On September 30, 2023, a Special CBI Court in Ranchi convicted Raqibul Hasan under IPC sections for rape and criminal conspiracy, sentencing him to life imprisonment. Co-conspirators, including his mother and a former High Court registrar who facilitated the deception, received sentences of 10 and 15 years respectively.<ref>{{cite news |title=National shooter Tara Shahdeo forced conversion case: CBI court sentences husband to life imprisonment |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/national-shooter-tara-shahdeo-forced-conversion-case-cbi-court-sentences-husband-to-life-imprisonment/article67364654.ece |work=The Hindu |date=30 September 2023}}</ref>
=== 2015 ===
===2016===
=== 2017 ===
* '''Hadiya Case (Kerala)''': Akhila (later Hadiya), a Hindu woman who converted to Islam and married Shafeen Jahan. Her father alleged forced conversion. The Kerala High Court annulled the marriage, but the Supreme Court restored it, upholding her right as an adult.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: The Indian law threatening interfaith love |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55158684 |work=BBC News |date=7 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>
===2018===
===2019===
=== 2020 ===
* Uttar Pradesh and other states saw increased cases after anti-conversion ordinances. Several Muslim men were arrested under new laws for alleged forced conversions through marriage.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: What a reported miscarriage says about India's new law |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55314832 |work=BBC News |date=16 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

=== 2021 ===
* Multiple arrests reported in Uttar Pradesh under the new anti-conversion law. Cases involved allegations of fake identities and conversion pressure.<ref>{{cite news |title=India's 'love jihad' anti-conversion laws aim to further oppress minorities |url=https://theconversation.com/indias-love-jihad-anti-conversion-laws-aim-to-further-oppress-minorities-and-its-working-166746 |work=The Conversation |date=3 September 2021 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

=== 2022 ===
* '''Shradha Walkar Murder (Delhi)''': Shradha Walkar, a Hindu woman, was allegedly murdered and dismembered by her live-in partner Aftab Poonawala. The case was widely linked to Love Jihad patterns by many media outlets and politicians.<ref>{{cite news |title='They cut him into pieces': India's 'love jihad' conspiracy theory turns lethal |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jan/21/they-cut-him-into-pieces-indias-love-jihad-conspiracy-theory-turns-lethal |work=The Guardian |date=21 January 2022 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>
=== 2023 ===
* Several cases reported from Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan involving allegations of stalking, forced conversion, and violence. The release of the film ''The Kerala Story'' brought renewed attention to older Kerala cases.
* Reports of vigilante actions and attacks on interfaith couples also increased during this period.
=== 2024 ===
* '''Yashashree Shinde Case (Maharashtra):''' In Uran, Maharashtra, a young Dalit woman named Yashashree Shinde was murdered. The accused, Dawood Shaikh, who had a prior relationship history with the victim, was arrested. The incident triggered significant local protests, with community leaders invoking the "Love Jihad" narrative. The state police processed the case under standard murder charges alongside sections of the POCSO Act and the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act.
=== 2025===
*'''Jhangur Baba Conversion Racket (Balrampur, UP):''' Jamaluddin alias Chhangur Baba / Jhangur Baba from Rehra Mafi village in Balrampur (Utraula area), was arrested by UP ATS along with associate Neetu alias Nasreen from a Lucknow hotel. The mastermind of a large illegal religious conversion racket. According to UP ATS, he sent Muslim youths disguised as Hindus to trap Hindu girls (especially Brahmin/Thakur), befriended them, took to his dargah for conversion to Islam, performed nikah, then blackmailed with fake cases or harm. ₹15-16 lakh for Brahmin/Kshatriya/Sikh girls, ₹10-12 lakh for OBC, ₹8-10 lakh for others paid via foreign funding. He also published brainwashing book 'Shijr-e-Tayyaba'. ₹100-106 crore in 40+ bank accounts (foreign funds), luxury properties (including illegal mansion on gram samaj/govt land in Madhpur were demolished by bulldozers), Lonavala land (₹16+ crore), showrooms, cars. 40+ foreign trips. Earlier arrests included son Mehboob, Naveen Rohra.<ref>{{cite news |title=यूपी में धर्मांतरण का मास्टरमाइंड 'झांगुर बाबा' अरेस्ट... |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/amp/local/uttar-pradesh/lucknow/news/love-zihad-in-up-lucknow-jhangur-baba-balrampur-wale-135383699.html |work=Dainik Bhaskar}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=106 Crores In 40 Accounts: Conversion Gang Mastermind Chhangur Baba's Empire |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/religious-conversion-racket-chhangur-baba-funds-from-mideast-lands-worth-crores-conversion-gang-mastermind-chhangur-babas-empire-8849735 |work=NDTV}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Mansion of Chhangur Baba... razed in UP's Balrampur |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/mansion-of-chhangur-baba-accused-of-massillegal-conversions-razed-in-ups-balrampur/amp_articleshow/122326594.cms |work=Times of India |date=2025-07-08}}</ref>
=== 2026 ===
* '''Uttar Pradesh Gym Syndicate Case (January):''' In Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, a gym syndicate running an illegal religious conversion and AI-backed blackmail racket since 2021 was busted. The gang targeted as many as 30 Hindu women (most victims who joined their chain of five gyms namely KGN-1.0, KGN-2.0, KGN-3.0, B-Fit, and Iron Fire for physical training). They befriended the women, gained access to personal photos/videos, used AI tools to create morphed explicit/obscene videos and photos, then blackmailed them for sexual exploitation and to coerce religious conversion. Six accused arrested, including GRP head constable Irshad Khan (40, provided logistical support/protection) and gym owners/trainers: Mohammad Sheikh Ali Alam (31), Faizal Khan (34), Zaheer (32), Shadab (36), and prime accused Farid Ahmed (28, arrested after firing on police during raid/encounter). Obscene AI-edited videos, photos, and chats recovered from mobiles as key evidence. Four of the five gyms run by 3 brothers and brother-in-law. All five gyms sealed till Feb 27 by DM.<ref>{{cite news |title=Gym syndicate targeted Hindu women for religious conversion in UP; GRP head constable among 6 arrested |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/gym-syndicate-targeted-30-hindus-women-for-religious-conversion/amp_articleshow/127324194.cms |work=Times of India |date=2026-01-24 |access-date=2026-07-11}}</ref>

*'''Basti, UP grooming case (February)''' Ajfarul Haq alias Prince from Basti, UP, allegedly trapped over 100 Hindu girls by hiding his identity. He wore a kalava (sacred thread) on his wrist to pose as Hindu, befriended them (often at a private hospital), built relationships with promises of love/marriage/job, entered physical relations, recorded obscene videos, then blackmailed them for further exploitation, forcing into wrong acts or prostitution, and sending some to other states/border areas. Operated as an organised gang with family and others. One victim's complaint led to exposure; police arrested Ajfarul Haq and 7 others, sent to jail.<ref>{{cite news |title=UP: 100 से ज्यादा लड़कियों को फंसाकर संबंध बनाए!... Ajfarul Haq |url=https://www.aajtak.in/uttar-pradesh/story/basti-man-allegedly-trapped-over-100-girls-built-relationships-story-of-ajfarul-haq-who-wore-kalava-to-hide-identity-lclnt-rptc-2455891-2026-02-02 |work=Aaj Tak |date=2026-02-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=UP Basti Love Jihad Case... Ajfarul Haq |url=https://malayalam.indiatoday.in/crime-news/story/up-basti-love-jihad-case-more-than-hundred-girls-trapped-by-ajfarul-haq-rrn-1340432-2026-02-02 |work=India Today Malayalam |date=2026-02-02}}</ref>

* '''TCS Nashik Workplace Case (April 2026):''' At a Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) campus in Nashik, Maharashtra, a major scandal broke out involving allegations of systematic sexual grooming, mental abuse, and pressure for forced religious conversion to Islam. Multiple female employees filed FIRs against campus team leaders. The Nashik Police deployed female officers undercover inside the facility to gather evidence. Authorities registered nine FIRs and arrested seven employees, including team leaders and an Assistant General Manager.<ref>{{cite web |title=What We Know About The TCS Nashik Case So Far |url=https://www.brut.media/in/articles/india/society/what-we-know-about-the-tcs-nashik-case-so-far |work=Brut India |date=22 April 2026}}</ref> The incident was heavily discussed in national media and by political representatives under the terms "Corporate Jihad" and "Love Jihad."<ref>{{cite news |title=From workplace scandal to communal flashpoint: Nashik BPO case sparks 'Corporate jihad' row |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/nashik-bpo-sexual-harassment-scandal-arrests-corporate-jihad-allegations-10631043/ |work=The Indian Express |date=11 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Coercion, conversion and cleaners: What allegations surfaced from undercover probe at TCS Nashik? |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/india/tcs-nashik-investigation--sexual-harassment-conversion-allegations-explainer-ggbuum3a |work=Mathrubhumi |date=15 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=TCS Nashik Case: Employees Targeted Based on Financial and Personal Struggles, Investigation Reveals |url=https://www.lokmattimes.com/nashik/tcs-nashik-case-employees-targeted-based-on-financial-and-personal-struggles-investigation-reveals-a525/ |work=Lokmat Times |date=15 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Probe Shows Forced Conversion Bid In TCS Nashik Case: Devendra Fadnavis |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/probe-shows-forced-conversion-bid-in-tcs-nashik-case-devendra-fadnavis-at-ndtv-marathi-manch-11575847 |work=NDTV |date=1 June 2026}}</ref>

* '''Amravati Sexual Exploitation Case (April 2026):''' In Paratwada, Amravati district, Maharashtra, a 19-year-old youth named Ayan Ahmed Tanveer Ahmed (alias Mohammad Ayaz) was arrested following allegations of luring minor girls, capturing obscene multimedia files against their will, and distributing them across digital platforms like Snapchat.<ref>{{cite news |title=Youth held in Maharashtra's Amravati for circulating obscene clips of women |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/maharashtra/youth-held-in-maharashtras-amravati-for-circulating-obscene-clips-of-women/article70864161.ece |work=The Hindu |date=15 April 2026}}</ref> A Special Investigation Team (SIT) was demanded by public representatives. While local groups characterized the ring under the "Love Jihad" narrative targeting non-Muslim girls, police investigations noted that the digital leak affected several victims across multiple communities.<ref>{{cite web |title=Amravati Video Scandal: Police Investigation and Details |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tI7lIBWTfII |work=The Lallantop |date=15 April 2026}}</ref> In April 2026, Maharashtra Police arrested Mohammad Ayaz (alias Tanveer), a 19-year-old resident of Paratwada in Amravati district. He was accused of luring at least 180 minor girls through WhatsApp and Snapchat groups, taking them to Mumbai and Pune, filming over 350 obscene videos, and blackmailing them into prostitution. Some videos were allegedly shared online. The arrest followed a complaint by Rajya Sabha MP Anil Bonde. Ayaz was remanded to police custody, and his mobile phone was seized. Authorities later demolished portions of his illegal property.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/maharashtra-man-sexually-exploits-180-minors-shoots-350-videos-arrested-11357933|title=Maharashtra Man Sexually Exploits 180 Minors, Shoots 350 Videos, Arrested|publisher=NDTV|date=2026-04-14|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/maharashtra-police-arrest-man-accused-of-sexually-exploiting-180-minor-girls-filming-350-videos-in-amravati-1776234724138|title=Maharashtra police arrest man accused of sexually exploiting 180 minor girls, filming 350 videos in Amravati|publisher=WION|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/adopted-playboy-persona-maharashtra-man-accused-of-exploiting-minors-11376007|title=Maharashtra 'Love Trap' Accused Says Adopted 'Playboy Persona' After Breakup|publisher=NDTV|date=2026-04-18|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Amravati sexual exploitation case: Four more arrested; hunt for more who circulated videos |url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/amravati-sexual-exploitation-case-four-more-arrested-hunt-for-more-who-circulated-videos/ |work=Daily Excelsior |date=16 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Amravati sexual exploitation case: NCW calls for stricter action, content to be taken down |url=https://theprint.in/india/amravati-sexual-exploitation-case-ncw-calls-for-stricter-action-content-to-be-taken-down/2908066/ |work=ThePrint |date=18 April 2026}}</ref>

* '''Kota Telegram Conversion Case (June 2026):''' The Rajasthan Police arrested an individual named Manish Sharma alias Moin Khan in Kota's Vigyan Nagar. Local organizations, including the Bajrang Dal, alleged that the accused operated an organized conversion and blackmail network targeting non-Muslim women through encrypted digital channels on Telegram, Snapchat, and Discord using thousands of illicitly recorded explicit videos.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kota Conversion Row News: 40,000 Obscene Videos Seized, Pakistan Link Alleged |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NtmC-MoJXc |work=India Today |date=24 June 2026}}</ref> The case was registered under relevant sections of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), the IT Act, and state freedom of religion laws, while the family of the accused denied the conversion syndicate charges.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kota Dharmantaran News: Investigation details on Moin Khan |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78RbBfjZ54g |work=News18 India |date=25 June 2026}}</ref> In June 2026, Moin Khan was arrested in Kota, Rajasthan, following a complaint by Bajrang Dal activist Yogesh Renwal. Activists claimed that over 40,000 obscene videos of Hindu women were found on his devices, along with allegations of religious conversion, circumcision, targeting Hindu women via Telegram, Snapchat, and Discord, and possible Pakistan links. Police registered a case under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and IT Act but stated that investigations had not substantiated claims of religious conversion or foreign links. The probe into the large volume of pornographic material continued.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/kota-case-obscene-videos-bajrang-dal-allegations-police-no-proof-of-conversion-pakistan-link-2933588-2026-06-25|title=40,000 videos and conversion allegations: Inside the growing Kota controversy|publisher=India Today|date=2026-06-25|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/city/kota-religious-conversion-row-bajrang-dal-alleges-40-000-obscene-videos-pak-links-police-probe-on-article-13958484.html|title=Kota religious conversion row: Bajrang Dal alleges 40,000 obscene videos, Pak links; police probe on|publisher=Moneycontrol|date=2026-06-25|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/rajasthan/2026/Jun/26/rajasthan-youth-arrested-over-conversion-allegations-and-obscene-videos-to-trap-hindu-women|title=Rajasthan youth arrested over conversion allegations and obscene videos to trap Hindu women|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=2026-06-26|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title='Trap Hindu Women, Blackmail And Convert': Inside Kota's Religious Conversion Row |url=https://www.news18.com/amp/cities/jaipur/kota-news-religious-conversion-racket-blackmail-love-jihad-targeting-hindu-women-ws-l-10171813.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

* '''Gaya Momo Vendor Exploitation Case (June 2026):''' In Gaya district, Bihar, a roadside momo vendor named Mohammad Rehan was arrested following intense local outrage and complaints. Rehan allegedly lured multiple young and minor girls into relationship traps by offering them free fast-food items ("free momos") over an extended period. He was accused of recording explicit, compromising videos of at least ten victims without their consent and subsequently uploading or sharing the media content online.<ref>{{cite news |title=Crime: Free momos ke bahane taruni ko jaal me odha |url=https://www.esakal.com/desh/bihar-crime-news-young-vendor-blackmailed-girls-after-luring-them-with-free-momos-engaging-in-illicit-physical-relations-and-recording-obscene-videos-in-gaya-vru98 |work=Esakal News |date=30 June 2026}}</ref> The incident triggered significant socio-political reactions regarding digital security and grooming, and local organizations labeled it as a predatory "Love Jihad" tactic. In late June 2026, Rehan Ansari, a momo vendor from Banke Bazar in Gaya district, Bihar, was accused of luring nearly 20 minor girls (including Mahadalit girls) with free momos and social media reels, then filming obscene videos. The case came to light on 22 June 2026 when locals caught him with a minor girl at Banke Dham hill. Over 70 videos were reportedly recovered from his phone. An FIR was registered under the POCSO Act, IT Act, and other sections. Ansari initially fled (reportedly to Delhi) but later surrendered. Videos were sent for forensic examination.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bhaskarenglish.in/local/bihar/news/bihar-youth-films-obscene-videos-hindu-girls-free-momos-rehan-ansari-gayaji-138335006.html|title=Bihar youth Rehan lured Hindu girls with free momos: Recorded obscene clips after befriending them, targeted nearly 20 girls|publisher=Dainik Bhaskar|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latestly.com/india/news/rehan-ansari-viral-video-momo-vendor-accused-of-sx-assault-surrenders-before-patna-police-7500759.html|title=Rehan Ansari Viral Video: Momo Vendor Accused of S*x Assault Surrenders Before Patna Police|publisher=LatestLY|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amarujala.com/bihar/gaya/gaya-bankebazar-viral-obscene-video-pocso-case-fir-against-rehan-ansari-today-bihar-news-gaya-news-c-1-1-noi1233-4447717-2026-06-29|title=गया जी में वायरल अश्लील वीडियो से मचा बवाल|publisher=Amar Ujala|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref>

== Statutory Framework for Prosecution ==
When individual complaints involving allegations of identity concealment, sexual exploitation, or forced conversion are filed, they are legally categorized under the following statutory frameworks:
* '''Rape by Fraudulent Consent (Section 376 IPC / Section 64 BNS):''' Applied when a complainant establishes that sexual intercourse occurred based on a false promise of marriage or a falsified identity.
* '''Cheating (Section 420 IPC / Section 318 BNS):''' For cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property or identity concealment.
* '''State Freedom of Religion Acts:''' Specific provisions penalizing unlawful conversions with enhanced prison sentences if the victim is a minor, a woman, or belongs to a Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe.

== Government Response ==
Many BJP-ruled states have passed anti-conversion laws specifically addressing conversions through marriage. Uttar Pradesh’s 2021 law is one of the strictest.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: The Indian law threatening interfaith love |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55158684 |work=BBC News |date=7 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Crime in India]]
[[Category:Interfaith relations]]
[[Category:Islam in India]]

{{stub}}

Love Jihad cases

2026-07-11T14:00:10Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

{{update|date=July 2026}}
{{Short description|Notable reported cases related to Love Jihad allegations in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}}

'''Love Jihad cases''' refers to notable reported incidents in India where Muslim men have been accused of using romantic relationships or marriage to convert non-Muslim women to Islam, often with allegations of deception, coercion, or radicalisation. These cases remain highly controversial, with varying interpretations ranging from individual crimes to organised patterns.<ref>{{cite news |title=India's 'love jihad' conspiracy theory targets Muslim-Hindu interfaith wedding |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/10/10/1041105988/india-muslim-hindu-interfaith-wedding-conversion |work=NPR |date=10 October 2021 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>
== Court Mentions of "Love Jihad"==
The number of court documents (judgments and orders) mentioning the term "Love Jihad" across major Indian High Courts, based on available data from Indian Kanoon and related reports, has been steadily rising in India since 2023:<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://indiankanoon.org/search/?formInput=%22love%20jihad%22&pagenum=2
|title=Indian Kanoon Search: "love jihad"
|publisher=Indian Kanoon
|access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! Year
! All Courts
! Kerala High Court
! Allahabad High Court
! Madhya Pradesh High Court
! Karnataka High Court
! Bombay High Court
|-
| 2009 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2012 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0
|-
| 2013 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0
|-
| 2014 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2015 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2017 || 2 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2018 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2019 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2020 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2021 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0
|-
| 2022 || 5 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 3
|-
| 2023 || 6 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 2
|-
| 2024 || 8 || 3 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2025 || 16 || 10 || 2 || 4 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2026 || 4 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0
|}

== Notable Cases by Year ==

=== 2009–2010 ===
* Early cases emerged in Kerala and Karnataka. Hindu and Christian organisations claimed hundreds of women were lured. One of the first widely reported cases involved a Hindu woman in Karnataka whose father approached the High Court alleging "Love Jihad".

===2014===
* '''Tara Shahdeo Case (Jharkhand):''' National-level rifle shooter Tara Shahdeo filed an FIR alleging that her husband had married her under a false Hindu identity ("Ranjeet Singh Kohli") using Hindu rituals, but was actually a Muslim man named Raqibul Hasan. She alleged she was kept in confinement, physically assaulted, and pressured to undergo a religious conversion. Due to the high-profile nature and administrative links of the accused, the probe was transferred to the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). On September 30, 2023, a Special CBI Court in Ranchi convicted Raqibul Hasan under IPC sections for rape and criminal conspiracy, sentencing him to life imprisonment. Co-conspirators, including his mother and a former High Court registrar who facilitated the deception, received sentences of 10 and 15 years respectively.<ref>{{cite news |title=National shooter Tara Shahdeo forced conversion case: CBI court sentences husband to life imprisonment |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/national-shooter-tara-shahdeo-forced-conversion-case-cbi-court-sentences-husband-to-life-imprisonment/article67364654.ece |work=The Hindu |date=30 September 2023}}</ref>
=== 2015 ===
===2016===
=== 2017 ===
* '''Hadiya Case (Kerala)''': Akhila (later Hadiya), a Hindu woman who converted to Islam and married Shafeen Jahan. Her father alleged forced conversion. The Kerala High Court annulled the marriage, but the Supreme Court restored it, upholding her right as an adult.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: The Indian law threatening interfaith love |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55158684 |work=BBC News |date=7 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>
===2018===
===2019===
=== 2020 ===
* Uttar Pradesh and other states saw increased cases after anti-conversion ordinances. Several Muslim men were arrested under new laws for alleged forced conversions through marriage.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: What a reported miscarriage says about India's new law |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55314832 |work=BBC News |date=16 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

=== 2021 ===
* Multiple arrests reported in Uttar Pradesh under the new anti-conversion law. Cases involved allegations of fake identities and conversion pressure.<ref>{{cite news |title=India's 'love jihad' anti-conversion laws aim to further oppress minorities |url=https://theconversation.com/indias-love-jihad-anti-conversion-laws-aim-to-further-oppress-minorities-and-its-working-166746 |work=The Conversation |date=3 September 2021 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

=== 2022 ===
* '''Shradha Walkar Murder (Delhi)''': Shradha Walkar, a Hindu woman, was allegedly murdered and dismembered by her live-in partner Aftab Poonawala. The case was widely linked to Love Jihad patterns by many media outlets and politicians.<ref>{{cite news |title='They cut him into pieces': India's 'love jihad' conspiracy theory turns lethal |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jan/21/they-cut-him-into-pieces-indias-love-jihad-conspiracy-theory-turns-lethal |work=The Guardian |date=21 January 2022 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>
=== 2023 ===
* Several cases reported from Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan involving allegations of stalking, forced conversion, and violence. The release of the film ''The Kerala Story'' brought renewed attention to older Kerala cases.
* Reports of vigilante actions and attacks on interfaith couples also increased during this period.
=== 2024 ===
* '''Yashashree Shinde Case (Maharashtra):''' In Uran, Maharashtra, a young Dalit woman named Yashashree Shinde was murdered. The accused, Dawood Shaikh, who had a prior relationship history with the victim, was arrested. The incident triggered significant local protests, with community leaders invoking the "Love Jihad" narrative. The state police processed the case under standard murder charges alongside sections of the POCSO Act and the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act.
=== 2025===
*'''Jhangur Baba Conversion Racket (Balrampur, UP):''' Jamaluddin alias Chhangur Baba / Jhangur Baba from Rehra Mafi village in Balrampur (Utraula area), was arrested by UP ATS along with associate Neetu alias Nasreen from a Lucknow hotel. The mastermind of a large illegal religious conversion racket. According to UP ATS, he sent Muslim youths disguised as Hindus to trap Hindu girls (especially Brahmin/Thakur), befriended them, took to his dargah for conversion to Islam, performed nikah, then blackmailed with fake cases or harm. ₹15-16 lakh for Brahmin/Kshatriya/Sikh girls, ₹10-12 lakh for OBC, ₹8-10 lakh for others paid via foreign funding. He also published brainwashing book 'Shijr-e-Tayyaba'. ₹100-106 crore in 40+ bank accounts (foreign funds), luxury properties (including illegal mansion on gram samaj/govt land in Madhpur were demolished by bulldozers), Lonavala land (₹16+ crore), showrooms, cars. 40+ foreign trips. Earlier arrests included son Mehboob, Naveen Rohra.<ref>{{cite news |title=यूपी में धर्मांतरण का मास्टरमाइंड 'झांगुर बाबा' अरेस्ट... |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/amp/local/uttar-pradesh/lucknow/news/love-zihad-in-up-lucknow-jhangur-baba-balrampur-wale-135383699.html |work=Dainik Bhaskar}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=106 Crores In 40 Accounts: Conversion Gang Mastermind Chhangur Baba's Empire |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/religious-conversion-racket-chhangur-baba-funds-from-mideast-lands-worth-crores-conversion-gang-mastermind-chhangur-babas-empire-8849735 |work=NDTV}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Mansion of Chhangur Baba... razed in UP's Balrampur |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/mansion-of-chhangur-baba-accused-of-massillegal-conversions-razed-in-ups-balrampur/amp_articleshow/122326594.cms |work=Times of India |date=2025-07-08}}</ref>
=== 2026 ===
* '''Uttar Pradesh Gym Syndicate Case (January):''' In Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, a gym syndicate running an illegal religious conversion and AI-backed blackmail racket since 2021 was busted. The gang targeted as many as 30 Hindu women (most victims who joined their chain of five gyms namely KGN-1.0, KGN-2.0, KGN-3.0, B-Fit, and Iron Fire for physical training). They befriended the women, gained access to personal photos/videos, used AI tools to create morphed explicit/obscene videos and photos, then blackmailed them for sexual exploitation and to coerce religious conversion. Six accused arrested, including GRP head constable Irshad Khan (40, provided logistical support/protection) and gym owners/trainers: Mohammad Sheikh Ali Alam (31), Faizal Khan (34), Zaheer (32), Shadab (36), and prime accused Farid Ahmed (28, arrested after firing on police during raid/encounter). Obscene AI-edited videos, photos, and chats recovered from mobiles as key evidence. Four of the five gyms run by 3 brothers and brother-in-law. All five gyms sealed till Feb 27 by DM.<ref>{{cite news |title=Gym syndicate targeted Hindu women for religious conversion in UP; GRP head constable among 6 arrested |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/gym-syndicate-targeted-30-hindus-women-for-religious-conversion/amp_articleshow/127324194.cms |work=Times of India |date=2026-01-24 |access-date=2026-07-11}}</ref>

* '''TCS Nashik Workplace Case (April 2026):''' At a Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) campus in Nashik, Maharashtra, a major scandal broke out involving allegations of systematic sexual grooming, mental abuse, and pressure for forced religious conversion to Islam. Multiple female employees filed FIRs against campus team leaders. The Nashik Police deployed female officers undercover inside the facility to gather evidence. Authorities registered nine FIRs and arrested seven employees, including team leaders and an Assistant General Manager.<ref>{{cite web |title=What We Know About The TCS Nashik Case So Far |url=https://www.brut.media/in/articles/india/society/what-we-know-about-the-tcs-nashik-case-so-far |work=Brut India |date=22 April 2026}}</ref> The incident was heavily discussed in national media and by political representatives under the terms "Corporate Jihad" and "Love Jihad."<ref>{{cite news |title=From workplace scandal to communal flashpoint: Nashik BPO case sparks 'Corporate jihad' row |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/nashik-bpo-sexual-harassment-scandal-arrests-corporate-jihad-allegations-10631043/ |work=The Indian Express |date=11 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Coercion, conversion and cleaners: What allegations surfaced from undercover probe at TCS Nashik? |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/india/tcs-nashik-investigation--sexual-harassment-conversion-allegations-explainer-ggbuum3a |work=Mathrubhumi |date=15 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=TCS Nashik Case: Employees Targeted Based on Financial and Personal Struggles, Investigation Reveals |url=https://www.lokmattimes.com/nashik/tcs-nashik-case-employees-targeted-based-on-financial-and-personal-struggles-investigation-reveals-a525/ |work=Lokmat Times |date=15 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Probe Shows Forced Conversion Bid In TCS Nashik Case: Devendra Fadnavis |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/probe-shows-forced-conversion-bid-in-tcs-nashik-case-devendra-fadnavis-at-ndtv-marathi-manch-11575847 |work=NDTV |date=1 June 2026}}</ref>

* '''Amravati Sexual Exploitation Case (April 2026):''' In Paratwada, Amravati district, Maharashtra, a 19-year-old youth named Ayan Ahmed Tanveer Ahmed (alias Mohammad Ayaz) was arrested following allegations of luring minor girls, capturing obscene multimedia files against their will, and distributing them across digital platforms like Snapchat.<ref>{{cite news |title=Youth held in Maharashtra's Amravati for circulating obscene clips of women |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/maharashtra/youth-held-in-maharashtras-amravati-for-circulating-obscene-clips-of-women/article70864161.ece |work=The Hindu |date=15 April 2026}}</ref> A Special Investigation Team (SIT) was demanded by public representatives. While local groups characterized the ring under the "Love Jihad" narrative targeting non-Muslim girls, police investigations noted that the digital leak affected several victims across multiple communities.<ref>{{cite web |title=Amravati Video Scandal: Police Investigation and Details |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tI7lIBWTfII |work=The Lallantop |date=15 April 2026}}</ref> In April 2026, Maharashtra Police arrested Mohammad Ayaz (alias Tanveer), a 19-year-old resident of Paratwada in Amravati district. He was accused of luring at least 180 minor girls through WhatsApp and Snapchat groups, taking them to Mumbai and Pune, filming over 350 obscene videos, and blackmailing them into prostitution. Some videos were allegedly shared online. The arrest followed a complaint by Rajya Sabha MP Anil Bonde. Ayaz was remanded to police custody, and his mobile phone was seized. Authorities later demolished portions of his illegal property.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/maharashtra-man-sexually-exploits-180-minors-shoots-350-videos-arrested-11357933|title=Maharashtra Man Sexually Exploits 180 Minors, Shoots 350 Videos, Arrested|publisher=NDTV|date=2026-04-14|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/maharashtra-police-arrest-man-accused-of-sexually-exploiting-180-minor-girls-filming-350-videos-in-amravati-1776234724138|title=Maharashtra police arrest man accused of sexually exploiting 180 minor girls, filming 350 videos in Amravati|publisher=WION|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/adopted-playboy-persona-maharashtra-man-accused-of-exploiting-minors-11376007|title=Maharashtra 'Love Trap' Accused Says Adopted 'Playboy Persona' After Breakup|publisher=NDTV|date=2026-04-18|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Amravati sexual exploitation case: Four more arrested; hunt for more who circulated videos |url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/amravati-sexual-exploitation-case-four-more-arrested-hunt-for-more-who-circulated-videos/ |work=Daily Excelsior |date=16 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Amravati sexual exploitation case: NCW calls for stricter action, content to be taken down |url=https://theprint.in/india/amravati-sexual-exploitation-case-ncw-calls-for-stricter-action-content-to-be-taken-down/2908066/ |work=ThePrint |date=18 April 2026}}</ref>

* '''Kota Telegram Conversion Case (June 2026):''' The Rajasthan Police arrested an individual named Manish Sharma alias Moin Khan in Kota's Vigyan Nagar. Local organizations, including the Bajrang Dal, alleged that the accused operated an organized conversion and blackmail network targeting non-Muslim women through encrypted digital channels on Telegram, Snapchat, and Discord using thousands of illicitly recorded explicit videos.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kota Conversion Row News: 40,000 Obscene Videos Seized, Pakistan Link Alleged |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NtmC-MoJXc |work=India Today |date=24 June 2026}}</ref> The case was registered under relevant sections of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), the IT Act, and state freedom of religion laws, while the family of the accused denied the conversion syndicate charges.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kota Dharmantaran News: Investigation details on Moin Khan |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78RbBfjZ54g |work=News18 India |date=25 June 2026}}</ref> In June 2026, Moin Khan was arrested in Kota, Rajasthan, following a complaint by Bajrang Dal activist Yogesh Renwal. Activists claimed that over 40,000 obscene videos of Hindu women were found on his devices, along with allegations of religious conversion, circumcision, targeting Hindu women via Telegram, Snapchat, and Discord, and possible Pakistan links. Police registered a case under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and IT Act but stated that investigations had not substantiated claims of religious conversion or foreign links. The probe into the large volume of pornographic material continued.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/kota-case-obscene-videos-bajrang-dal-allegations-police-no-proof-of-conversion-pakistan-link-2933588-2026-06-25|title=40,000 videos and conversion allegations: Inside the growing Kota controversy|publisher=India Today|date=2026-06-25|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/city/kota-religious-conversion-row-bajrang-dal-alleges-40-000-obscene-videos-pak-links-police-probe-on-article-13958484.html|title=Kota religious conversion row: Bajrang Dal alleges 40,000 obscene videos, Pak links; police probe on|publisher=Moneycontrol|date=2026-06-25|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/rajasthan/2026/Jun/26/rajasthan-youth-arrested-over-conversion-allegations-and-obscene-videos-to-trap-hindu-women|title=Rajasthan youth arrested over conversion allegations and obscene videos to trap Hindu women|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=2026-06-26|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title='Trap Hindu Women, Blackmail And Convert': Inside Kota's Religious Conversion Row |url=https://www.news18.com/amp/cities/jaipur/kota-news-religious-conversion-racket-blackmail-love-jihad-targeting-hindu-women-ws-l-10171813.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

* '''Gaya Momo Vendor Exploitation Case (June 2026):''' In Gaya district, Bihar, a roadside momo vendor named Mohammad Rehan was arrested following intense local outrage and complaints. Rehan allegedly lured multiple young and minor girls into relationship traps by offering them free fast-food items ("free momos") over an extended period. He was accused of recording explicit, compromising videos of at least ten victims without their consent and subsequently uploading or sharing the media content online.<ref>{{cite news |title=Crime: Free momos ke bahane taruni ko jaal me odha |url=https://www.esakal.com/desh/bihar-crime-news-young-vendor-blackmailed-girls-after-luring-them-with-free-momos-engaging-in-illicit-physical-relations-and-recording-obscene-videos-in-gaya-vru98 |work=Esakal News |date=30 June 2026}}</ref> The incident triggered significant socio-political reactions regarding digital security and grooming, and local organizations labeled it as a predatory "Love Jihad" tactic. In late June 2026, Rehan Ansari, a momo vendor from Banke Bazar in Gaya district, Bihar, was accused of luring nearly 20 minor girls (including Mahadalit girls) with free momos and social media reels, then filming obscene videos. The case came to light on 22 June 2026 when locals caught him with a minor girl at Banke Dham hill. Over 70 videos were reportedly recovered from his phone. An FIR was registered under the POCSO Act, IT Act, and other sections. Ansari initially fled (reportedly to Delhi) but later surrendered. Videos were sent for forensic examination.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bhaskarenglish.in/local/bihar/news/bihar-youth-films-obscene-videos-hindu-girls-free-momos-rehan-ansari-gayaji-138335006.html|title=Bihar youth Rehan lured Hindu girls with free momos: Recorded obscene clips after befriending them, targeted nearly 20 girls|publisher=Dainik Bhaskar|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latestly.com/india/news/rehan-ansari-viral-video-momo-vendor-accused-of-sx-assault-surrenders-before-patna-police-7500759.html|title=Rehan Ansari Viral Video: Momo Vendor Accused of S*x Assault Surrenders Before Patna Police|publisher=LatestLY|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amarujala.com/bihar/gaya/gaya-bankebazar-viral-obscene-video-pocso-case-fir-against-rehan-ansari-today-bihar-news-gaya-news-c-1-1-noi1233-4447717-2026-06-29|title=गया जी में वायरल अश्लील वीडियो से मचा बवाल|publisher=Amar Ujala|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref>

== Statutory Framework for Prosecution ==
When individual complaints involving allegations of identity concealment, sexual exploitation, or forced conversion are filed, they are legally categorized under the following statutory frameworks:
* '''Rape by Fraudulent Consent (Section 376 IPC / Section 64 BNS):''' Applied when a complainant establishes that sexual intercourse occurred based on a false promise of marriage or a falsified identity.
* '''Cheating (Section 420 IPC / Section 318 BNS):''' For cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property or identity concealment.
* '''State Freedom of Religion Acts:''' Specific provisions penalizing unlawful conversions with enhanced prison sentences if the victim is a minor, a woman, or belongs to a Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe.

== Government Response ==
Many BJP-ruled states have passed anti-conversion laws specifically addressing conversions through marriage. Uttar Pradesh’s 2021 law is one of the strictest.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: The Indian law threatening interfaith love |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55158684 |work=BBC News |date=7 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Crime in India]]
[[Category:Interfaith relations]]
[[Category:Islam in India]]

{{stub}}

Love Jihad cases

2026-07-11T13:49:20Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

{{update|date=July 2026}}
{{Short description|Notable reported cases related to Love Jihad allegations in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}}

'''Love Jihad cases''' refers to notable reported incidents in India where Muslim men have been accused of using romantic relationships or marriage to convert non-Muslim women to Islam, often with allegations of deception, coercion, or radicalisation. These cases remain highly controversial, with varying interpretations ranging from individual crimes to organised patterns.<ref>{{cite news |title=India's 'love jihad' conspiracy theory targets Muslim-Hindu interfaith wedding |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/10/10/1041105988/india-muslim-hindu-interfaith-wedding-conversion |work=NPR |date=10 October 2021 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>
== Court Mentions of "Love Jihad"==
The number of court documents (judgments and orders) mentioning the term "Love Jihad" across major Indian High Courts, based on available data from Indian Kanoon and related reports, has been steadily rising in India since 2023:<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://indiankanoon.org/search/?formInput=%22love%20jihad%22&pagenum=2
|title=Indian Kanoon Search: "love jihad"
|publisher=Indian Kanoon
|access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! Year
! All Courts
! Kerala High Court
! Allahabad High Court
! Madhya Pradesh High Court
! Karnataka High Court
! Bombay High Court
|-
| 2009 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2012 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0
|-
| 2013 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0
|-
| 2014 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2015 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2017 || 2 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2018 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2019 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2020 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2021 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0
|-
| 2022 || 5 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 3
|-
| 2023 || 6 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 2
|-
| 2024 || 8 || 3 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2025 || 16 || 10 || 2 || 4 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2026 || 4 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0
|}

== Notable Cases by Year ==

=== 2009–2010 ===
* Early cases emerged in Kerala and Karnataka. Hindu and Christian organisations claimed hundreds of women were lured. One of the first widely reported cases involved a Hindu woman in Karnataka whose father approached the High Court alleging "Love Jihad".

===2014===
* '''Tara Shahdeo Case (Jharkhand):''' National-level rifle shooter Tara Shahdeo filed an FIR alleging that her husband had married her under a false Hindu identity ("Ranjeet Singh Kohli") using Hindu rituals, but was actually a Muslim man named Raqibul Hasan. She alleged she was kept in confinement, physically assaulted, and pressured to undergo a religious conversion. Due to the high-profile nature and administrative links of the accused, the probe was transferred to the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). On September 30, 2023, a Special CBI Court in Ranchi convicted Raqibul Hasan under IPC sections for rape and criminal conspiracy, sentencing him to life imprisonment. Co-conspirators, including his mother and a former High Court registrar who facilitated the deception, received sentences of 10 and 15 years respectively.<ref>{{cite news |title=National shooter Tara Shahdeo forced conversion case: CBI court sentences husband to life imprisonment |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/national-shooter-tara-shahdeo-forced-conversion-case-cbi-court-sentences-husband-to-life-imprisonment/article67364654.ece |work=The Hindu |date=30 September 2023}}</ref>
=== 2015 ===
===2016===
=== 2017 ===
* '''Hadiya Case (Kerala)''': Akhila (later Hadiya), a Hindu woman who converted to Islam and married Shafeen Jahan. Her father alleged forced conversion. The Kerala High Court annulled the marriage, but the Supreme Court restored it, upholding her right as an adult.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: The Indian law threatening interfaith love |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55158684 |work=BBC News |date=7 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>
===2018===
===2019===
=== 2020 ===
* Uttar Pradesh and other states saw increased cases after anti-conversion ordinances. Several Muslim men were arrested under new laws for alleged forced conversions through marriage.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: What a reported miscarriage says about India's new law |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55314832 |work=BBC News |date=16 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

=== 2021 ===
* Multiple arrests reported in Uttar Pradesh under the new anti-conversion law. Cases involved allegations of fake identities and conversion pressure.<ref>{{cite news |title=India's 'love jihad' anti-conversion laws aim to further oppress minorities |url=https://theconversation.com/indias-love-jihad-anti-conversion-laws-aim-to-further-oppress-minorities-and-its-working-166746 |work=The Conversation |date=3 September 2021 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

=== 2022 ===
* '''Shradha Walkar Murder (Delhi)''': Shradha Walkar, a Hindu woman, was allegedly murdered and dismembered by her live-in partner Aftab Poonawala. The case was widely linked to Love Jihad patterns by many media outlets and politicians.<ref>{{cite news |title='They cut him into pieces': India's 'love jihad' conspiracy theory turns lethal |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jan/21/they-cut-him-into-pieces-indias-love-jihad-conspiracy-theory-turns-lethal |work=The Guardian |date=21 January 2022 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>
=== 2023 ===
* Several cases reported from Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan involving allegations of stalking, forced conversion, and violence. The release of the film ''The Kerala Story'' brought renewed attention to older Kerala cases.
* Reports of vigilante actions and attacks on interfaith couples also increased during this period.
=== 2024 ===
* '''Yashashree Shinde Case (Maharashtra):''' In Uran, Maharashtra, a young Dalit woman named Yashashree Shinde was murdered. The accused, Dawood Shaikh, who had a prior relationship history with the victim, was arrested. The incident triggered significant local protests, with community leaders invoking the "Love Jihad" narrative. The state police processed the case under standard murder charges alongside sections of the POCSO Act and the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act.
=== 2025===

=== 2026 ===
* '''Uttar Pradesh Gym Syndicate Case (January):''' In Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, a gym syndicate running an illegal religious conversion and AI-backed blackmail racket since 2021 was busted. The gang targeted as many as 30 Hindu women (most victims who joined their chain of five gyms namely KGN-1.0, KGN-2.0, KGN-3.0, B-Fit, and Iron Fire for physical training). They befriended the women, gained access to personal photos/videos, used AI tools to create morphed explicit/obscene videos and photos, then blackmailed them for sexual exploitation and to coerce religious conversion. Six accused arrested, including GRP head constable Irshad Khan (40, provided logistical support/protection) and gym owners/trainers: Mohammad Sheikh Ali Alam (31), Faizal Khan (34), Zaheer (32), Shadab (36), and prime accused Farid Ahmed (28, arrested after firing on police during raid/encounter). Obscene AI-edited videos, photos, and chats recovered from mobiles as key evidence. Four of the five gyms run by 3 brothers and brother-in-law. All five gyms sealed till Feb 27 by DM.<ref>{{cite news |title=Gym syndicate targeted Hindu women for religious conversion in UP; GRP head constable among 6 arrested |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/gym-syndicate-targeted-30-hindus-women-for-religious-conversion/amp_articleshow/127324194.cms |work=Times of India |date=2026-01-24 |access-date=2026-07-11}}</ref>

* '''TCS Nashik Workplace Case (April 2026):''' At a Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) campus in Nashik, Maharashtra, a major scandal broke out involving allegations of systematic sexual grooming, mental abuse, and pressure for forced religious conversion to Islam. Multiple female employees filed FIRs against campus team leaders. The Nashik Police deployed female officers undercover inside the facility to gather evidence. Authorities registered nine FIRs and arrested seven employees, including team leaders and an Assistant General Manager.<ref>{{cite web |title=What We Know About The TCS Nashik Case So Far |url=https://www.brut.media/in/articles/india/society/what-we-know-about-the-tcs-nashik-case-so-far |work=Brut India |date=22 April 2026}}</ref> The incident was heavily discussed in national media and by political representatives under the terms "Corporate Jihad" and "Love Jihad."<ref>{{cite news |title=From workplace scandal to communal flashpoint: Nashik BPO case sparks 'Corporate jihad' row |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/nashik-bpo-sexual-harassment-scandal-arrests-corporate-jihad-allegations-10631043/ |work=The Indian Express |date=11 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Coercion, conversion and cleaners: What allegations surfaced from undercover probe at TCS Nashik? |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/india/tcs-nashik-investigation--sexual-harassment-conversion-allegations-explainer-ggbuum3a |work=Mathrubhumi |date=15 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=TCS Nashik Case: Employees Targeted Based on Financial and Personal Struggles, Investigation Reveals |url=https://www.lokmattimes.com/nashik/tcs-nashik-case-employees-targeted-based-on-financial-and-personal-struggles-investigation-reveals-a525/ |work=Lokmat Times |date=15 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Probe Shows Forced Conversion Bid In TCS Nashik Case: Devendra Fadnavis |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/probe-shows-forced-conversion-bid-in-tcs-nashik-case-devendra-fadnavis-at-ndtv-marathi-manch-11575847 |work=NDTV |date=1 June 2026}}</ref>

* '''Amravati Sexual Exploitation Case (April 2026):''' In Paratwada, Amravati district, Maharashtra, a 19-year-old youth named Ayan Ahmed Tanveer Ahmed (alias Mohammad Ayaz) was arrested following allegations of luring minor girls, capturing obscene multimedia files against their will, and distributing them across digital platforms like Snapchat.<ref>{{cite news |title=Youth held in Maharashtra's Amravati for circulating obscene clips of women |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/maharashtra/youth-held-in-maharashtras-amravati-for-circulating-obscene-clips-of-women/article70864161.ece |work=The Hindu |date=15 April 2026}}</ref> A Special Investigation Team (SIT) was demanded by public representatives. While local groups characterized the ring under the "Love Jihad" narrative targeting non-Muslim girls, police investigations noted that the digital leak affected several victims across multiple communities.<ref>{{cite web |title=Amravati Video Scandal: Police Investigation and Details |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tI7lIBWTfII |work=The Lallantop |date=15 April 2026}}</ref> In April 2026, Maharashtra Police arrested Mohammad Ayaz (alias Tanveer), a 19-year-old resident of Paratwada in Amravati district. He was accused of luring at least 180 minor girls through WhatsApp and Snapchat groups, taking them to Mumbai and Pune, filming over 350 obscene videos, and blackmailing them into prostitution. Some videos were allegedly shared online. The arrest followed a complaint by Rajya Sabha MP Anil Bonde. Ayaz was remanded to police custody, and his mobile phone was seized. Authorities later demolished portions of his illegal property.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/maharashtra-man-sexually-exploits-180-minors-shoots-350-videos-arrested-11357933|title=Maharashtra Man Sexually Exploits 180 Minors, Shoots 350 Videos, Arrested|publisher=NDTV|date=2026-04-14|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/maharashtra-police-arrest-man-accused-of-sexually-exploiting-180-minor-girls-filming-350-videos-in-amravati-1776234724138|title=Maharashtra police arrest man accused of sexually exploiting 180 minor girls, filming 350 videos in Amravati|publisher=WION|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/adopted-playboy-persona-maharashtra-man-accused-of-exploiting-minors-11376007|title=Maharashtra 'Love Trap' Accused Says Adopted 'Playboy Persona' After Breakup|publisher=NDTV|date=2026-04-18|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Amravati sexual exploitation case: Four more arrested; hunt for more who circulated videos |url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/amravati-sexual-exploitation-case-four-more-arrested-hunt-for-more-who-circulated-videos/ |work=Daily Excelsior |date=16 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Amravati sexual exploitation case: NCW calls for stricter action, content to be taken down |url=https://theprint.in/india/amravati-sexual-exploitation-case-ncw-calls-for-stricter-action-content-to-be-taken-down/2908066/ |work=ThePrint |date=18 April 2026}}</ref>

* '''Kota Telegram Conversion Case (June 2026):''' The Rajasthan Police arrested an individual named Manish Sharma alias Moin Khan in Kota's Vigyan Nagar. Local organizations, including the Bajrang Dal, alleged that the accused operated an organized conversion and blackmail network targeting non-Muslim women through encrypted digital channels on Telegram, Snapchat, and Discord using thousands of illicitly recorded explicit videos.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kota Conversion Row News: 40,000 Obscene Videos Seized, Pakistan Link Alleged |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NtmC-MoJXc |work=India Today |date=24 June 2026}}</ref> The case was registered under relevant sections of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), the IT Act, and state freedom of religion laws, while the family of the accused denied the conversion syndicate charges.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kota Dharmantaran News: Investigation details on Moin Khan |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78RbBfjZ54g |work=News18 India |date=25 June 2026}}</ref> In June 2026, Moin Khan was arrested in Kota, Rajasthan, following a complaint by Bajrang Dal activist Yogesh Renwal. Activists claimed that over 40,000 obscene videos of Hindu women were found on his devices, along with allegations of religious conversion, circumcision, targeting Hindu women via Telegram, Snapchat, and Discord, and possible Pakistan links. Police registered a case under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and IT Act but stated that investigations had not substantiated claims of religious conversion or foreign links. The probe into the large volume of pornographic material continued.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/kota-case-obscene-videos-bajrang-dal-allegations-police-no-proof-of-conversion-pakistan-link-2933588-2026-06-25|title=40,000 videos and conversion allegations: Inside the growing Kota controversy|publisher=India Today|date=2026-06-25|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/city/kota-religious-conversion-row-bajrang-dal-alleges-40-000-obscene-videos-pak-links-police-probe-on-article-13958484.html|title=Kota religious conversion row: Bajrang Dal alleges 40,000 obscene videos, Pak links; police probe on|publisher=Moneycontrol|date=2026-06-25|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/rajasthan/2026/Jun/26/rajasthan-youth-arrested-over-conversion-allegations-and-obscene-videos-to-trap-hindu-women|title=Rajasthan youth arrested over conversion allegations and obscene videos to trap Hindu women|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=2026-06-26|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title='Trap Hindu Women, Blackmail And Convert': Inside Kota's Religious Conversion Row |url=https://www.news18.com/amp/cities/jaipur/kota-news-religious-conversion-racket-blackmail-love-jihad-targeting-hindu-women-ws-l-10171813.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

* '''Gaya Momo Vendor Exploitation Case (June 2026):''' In Gaya district, Bihar, a roadside momo vendor named Mohammad Rehan was arrested following intense local outrage and complaints. Rehan allegedly lured multiple young and minor girls into relationship traps by offering them free fast-food items ("free momos") over an extended period. He was accused of recording explicit, compromising videos of at least ten victims without their consent and subsequently uploading or sharing the media content online.<ref>{{cite news |title=Crime: Free momos ke bahane taruni ko jaal me odha |url=https://www.esakal.com/desh/bihar-crime-news-young-vendor-blackmailed-girls-after-luring-them-with-free-momos-engaging-in-illicit-physical-relations-and-recording-obscene-videos-in-gaya-vru98 |work=Esakal News |date=30 June 2026}}</ref> The incident triggered significant socio-political reactions regarding digital security and grooming, and local organizations labeled it as a predatory "Love Jihad" tactic. In late June 2026, Rehan Ansari, a momo vendor from Banke Bazar in Gaya district, Bihar, was accused of luring nearly 20 minor girls (including Mahadalit girls) with free momos and social media reels, then filming obscene videos. The case came to light on 22 June 2026 when locals caught him with a minor girl at Banke Dham hill. Over 70 videos were reportedly recovered from his phone. An FIR was registered under the POCSO Act, IT Act, and other sections. Ansari initially fled (reportedly to Delhi) but later surrendered. Videos were sent for forensic examination.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bhaskarenglish.in/local/bihar/news/bihar-youth-films-obscene-videos-hindu-girls-free-momos-rehan-ansari-gayaji-138335006.html|title=Bihar youth Rehan lured Hindu girls with free momos: Recorded obscene clips after befriending them, targeted nearly 20 girls|publisher=Dainik Bhaskar|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latestly.com/india/news/rehan-ansari-viral-video-momo-vendor-accused-of-sx-assault-surrenders-before-patna-police-7500759.html|title=Rehan Ansari Viral Video: Momo Vendor Accused of S*x Assault Surrenders Before Patna Police|publisher=LatestLY|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amarujala.com/bihar/gaya/gaya-bankebazar-viral-obscene-video-pocso-case-fir-against-rehan-ansari-today-bihar-news-gaya-news-c-1-1-noi1233-4447717-2026-06-29|title=गया जी में वायरल अश्लील वीडियो से मचा बवाल|publisher=Amar Ujala|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref>

== Statutory Framework for Prosecution ==
When individual complaints involving allegations of identity concealment, sexual exploitation, or forced conversion are filed, they are legally categorized under the following statutory frameworks:
* '''Rape by Fraudulent Consent (Section 376 IPC / Section 64 BNS):''' Applied when a complainant establishes that sexual intercourse occurred based on a false promise of marriage or a falsified identity.
* '''Cheating (Section 420 IPC / Section 318 BNS):''' For cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property or identity concealment.
* '''State Freedom of Religion Acts:''' Specific provisions penalizing unlawful conversions with enhanced prison sentences if the victim is a minor, a woman, or belongs to a Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe.

== Government Response ==
Many BJP-ruled states have passed anti-conversion laws specifically addressing conversions through marriage. Uttar Pradesh’s 2021 law is one of the strictest.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: The Indian law threatening interfaith love |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55158684 |work=BBC News |date=7 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Crime in India]]
[[Category:Interfaith relations]]
[[Category:Islam in India]]

{{stub}}

Love Jihad cases

2026-07-06T09:27:27Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

{{update|date=July 2026}}
{{Short description|Notable reported cases related to Love Jihad allegations in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}}

'''Love Jihad cases''' refers to notable reported incidents in India where Muslim men have been accused of using romantic relationships or marriage to convert non-Muslim women to Islam, often with allegations of deception, coercion, or radicalisation. These cases remain highly controversial, with varying interpretations ranging from individual crimes to organised patterns.<ref>{{cite news |title=India's 'love jihad' conspiracy theory targets Muslim-Hindu interfaith wedding |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/10/10/1041105988/india-muslim-hindu-interfaith-wedding-conversion |work=NPR |date=10 October 2021 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>
== Court Mentions of "Love Jihad"==
The number of court documents (judgments and orders) mentioning the term "Love Jihad" across major Indian High Courts, based on available data from Indian Kanoon and related reports, has been steadily rising in India since 2023:<ref>{{cite web
|url=https://indiankanoon.org/search/?formInput=%22love%20jihad%22&pagenum=2
|title=Indian Kanoon Search: "love jihad"
|publisher=Indian Kanoon
|access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
! Year
! All Courts
! Kerala High Court
! Allahabad High Court
! Madhya Pradesh High Court
! Karnataka High Court
! Bombay High Court
|-
| 2009 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2012 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0
|-
| 2013 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0
|-
| 2014 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2015 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2017 || 2 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2018 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2019 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2020 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2021 || 3 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 0
|-
| 2022 || 5 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 3
|-
| 2023 || 6 || 0 || 0 || 2 || 2 || 2
|-
| 2024 || 8 || 3 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2025 || 16 || 10 || 2 || 4 || 0 || 0
|-
| 2026 || 4 || 0 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 0
|}

== Notable Cases by Year ==

=== 2009–2010 ===
* Early cases emerged in Kerala and Karnataka. Hindu and Christian organisations claimed hundreds of women were lured. One of the first widely reported cases involved a Hindu woman in Karnataka whose father approached the High Court alleging "Love Jihad".

===2014===
* '''Tara Shahdeo Case (Jharkhand):''' National-level rifle shooter Tara Shahdeo filed an FIR alleging that her husband had married her under a false Hindu identity ("Ranjeet Singh Kohli") using Hindu rituals, but was actually a Muslim man named Raqibul Hasan. She alleged she was kept in confinement, physically assaulted, and pressured to undergo a religious conversion. Due to the high-profile nature and administrative links of the accused, the probe was transferred to the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). On September 30, 2023, a Special CBI Court in Ranchi convicted Raqibul Hasan under IPC sections for rape and criminal conspiracy, sentencing him to life imprisonment. Co-conspirators, including his mother and a former High Court registrar who facilitated the deception, received sentences of 10 and 15 years respectively.<ref>{{cite news |title=National shooter Tara Shahdeo forced conversion case: CBI court sentences husband to life imprisonment |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/national-shooter-tara-shahdeo-forced-conversion-case-cbi-court-sentences-husband-to-life-imprisonment/article67364654.ece |work=The Hindu |date=30 September 2023}}</ref>
=== 2015 ===
===2016===
=== 2017 ===
* '''Hadiya Case (Kerala)''': Akhila (later Hadiya), a Hindu woman who converted to Islam and married Shafeen Jahan. Her father alleged forced conversion. The Kerala High Court annulled the marriage, but the Supreme Court restored it, upholding her right as an adult.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: The Indian law threatening interfaith love |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55158684 |work=BBC News |date=7 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>
===2018===
===2019===
=== 2020 ===
* Uttar Pradesh and other states saw increased cases after anti-conversion ordinances. Several Muslim men were arrested under new laws for alleged forced conversions through marriage.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: What a reported miscarriage says about India's new law |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55314832 |work=BBC News |date=16 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

=== 2021 ===
* Multiple arrests reported in Uttar Pradesh under the new anti-conversion law. Cases involved allegations of fake identities and conversion pressure.<ref>{{cite news |title=India's 'love jihad' anti-conversion laws aim to further oppress minorities |url=https://theconversation.com/indias-love-jihad-anti-conversion-laws-aim-to-further-oppress-minorities-and-its-working-166746 |work=The Conversation |date=3 September 2021 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

=== 2022 ===
* '''Shradha Walkar Murder (Delhi)''': Shradha Walkar, a Hindu woman, was allegedly murdered and dismembered by her live-in partner Aftab Poonawala. The case was widely linked to Love Jihad patterns by many media outlets and politicians.<ref>{{cite news |title='They cut him into pieces': India's 'love jihad' conspiracy theory turns lethal |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jan/21/they-cut-him-into-pieces-indias-love-jihad-conspiracy-theory-turns-lethal |work=The Guardian |date=21 January 2022 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>
=== 2023 ===
* Several cases reported from Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan involving allegations of stalking, forced conversion, and violence. The release of the film ''The Kerala Story'' brought renewed attention to older Kerala cases.
* Reports of vigilante actions and attacks on interfaith couples also increased during this period.
=== 2024 ===
* '''Yashashree Shinde Case (Maharashtra):''' In Uran, Maharashtra, a young Dalit woman named Yashashree Shinde was murdered. The accused, Dawood Shaikh, who had a prior relationship history with the victim, was arrested. The incident triggered significant local protests, with community leaders invoking the "Love Jihad" narrative. The state police processed the case under standard murder charges alongside sections of the POCSO Act and the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act.
=== 2025===

=== 2026 ===

* '''TCS Nashik Workplace Case (April 2026):''' At a Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) campus in Nashik, Maharashtra, a major scandal broke out involving allegations of systematic sexual grooming, mental abuse, and pressure for forced religious conversion to Islam. Multiple female employees filed FIRs against campus team leaders. The Nashik Police deployed female officers undercover inside the facility to gather evidence. Authorities registered nine FIRs and arrested seven employees, including team leaders and an Assistant General Manager.<ref>{{cite web |title=What We Know About The TCS Nashik Case So Far |url=https://www.brut.media/in/articles/india/society/what-we-know-about-the-tcs-nashik-case-so-far |work=Brut India |date=22 April 2026}}</ref> The incident was heavily discussed in national media and by political representatives under the terms "Corporate Jihad" and "Love Jihad."<ref>{{cite news |title=From workplace scandal to communal flashpoint: Nashik BPO case sparks 'Corporate jihad' row |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/nashik-bpo-sexual-harassment-scandal-arrests-corporate-jihad-allegations-10631043/ |work=The Indian Express |date=11 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Coercion, conversion and cleaners: What allegations surfaced from undercover probe at TCS Nashik? |url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/india/tcs-nashik-investigation--sexual-harassment-conversion-allegations-explainer-ggbuum3a |work=Mathrubhumi |date=15 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=TCS Nashik Case: Employees Targeted Based on Financial and Personal Struggles, Investigation Reveals |url=https://www.lokmattimes.com/nashik/tcs-nashik-case-employees-targeted-based-on-financial-and-personal-struggles-investigation-reveals-a525/ |work=Lokmat Times |date=15 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Probe Shows Forced Conversion Bid In TCS Nashik Case: Devendra Fadnavis |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/probe-shows-forced-conversion-bid-in-tcs-nashik-case-devendra-fadnavis-at-ndtv-marathi-manch-11575847 |work=NDTV |date=1 June 2026}}</ref>

* '''Amravati Sexual Exploitation Case (April 2026):''' In Paratwada, Amravati district, Maharashtra, a 19-year-old youth named Ayan Ahmed Tanveer Ahmed (alias Mohammad Ayaz) was arrested following allegations of luring minor girls, capturing obscene multimedia files against their will, and distributing them across digital platforms like Snapchat.<ref>{{cite news |title=Youth held in Maharashtra's Amravati for circulating obscene clips of women |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/maharashtra/youth-held-in-maharashtras-amravati-for-circulating-obscene-clips-of-women/article70864161.ece |work=The Hindu |date=15 April 2026}}</ref> A Special Investigation Team (SIT) was demanded by public representatives. While local groups characterized the ring under the "Love Jihad" narrative targeting non-Muslim girls, police investigations noted that the digital leak affected several victims across multiple communities.<ref>{{cite web |title=Amravati Video Scandal: Police Investigation and Details |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tI7lIBWTfII |work=The Lallantop |date=15 April 2026}}</ref> In April 2026, Maharashtra Police arrested Mohammad Ayaz (alias Tanveer), a 19-year-old resident of Paratwada in Amravati district. He was accused of luring at least 180 minor girls through WhatsApp and Snapchat groups, taking them to Mumbai and Pune, filming over 350 obscene videos, and blackmailing them into prostitution. Some videos were allegedly shared online. The arrest followed a complaint by Rajya Sabha MP Anil Bonde. Ayaz was remanded to police custody, and his mobile phone was seized. Authorities later demolished portions of his illegal property.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/maharashtra-man-sexually-exploits-180-minors-shoots-350-videos-arrested-11357933|title=Maharashtra Man Sexually Exploits 180 Minors, Shoots 350 Videos, Arrested|publisher=NDTV|date=2026-04-14|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wionews.com/india-news/maharashtra-police-arrest-man-accused-of-sexually-exploiting-180-minor-girls-filming-350-videos-in-amravati-1776234724138|title=Maharashtra police arrest man accused of sexually exploiting 180 minor girls, filming 350 videos in Amravati|publisher=WION|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/adopted-playboy-persona-maharashtra-man-accused-of-exploiting-minors-11376007|title=Maharashtra 'Love Trap' Accused Says Adopted 'Playboy Persona' After Breakup|publisher=NDTV|date=2026-04-18|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Amravati sexual exploitation case: Four more arrested; hunt for more who circulated videos |url=https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/amravati-sexual-exploitation-case-four-more-arrested-hunt-for-more-who-circulated-videos/ |work=Daily Excelsior |date=16 April 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Amravati sexual exploitation case: NCW calls for stricter action, content to be taken down |url=https://theprint.in/india/amravati-sexual-exploitation-case-ncw-calls-for-stricter-action-content-to-be-taken-down/2908066/ |work=ThePrint |date=18 April 2026}}</ref>

* '''Kota Telegram Conversion Case (June 2026):''' The Rajasthan Police arrested an individual named Manish Sharma alias Moin Khan in Kota's Vigyan Nagar. Local organizations, including the Bajrang Dal, alleged that the accused operated an organized conversion and blackmail network targeting non-Muslim women through encrypted digital channels on Telegram, Snapchat, and Discord using thousands of illicitly recorded explicit videos.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kota Conversion Row News: 40,000 Obscene Videos Seized, Pakistan Link Alleged |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NtmC-MoJXc |work=India Today |date=24 June 2026}}</ref> The case was registered under relevant sections of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), the IT Act, and state freedom of religion laws, while the family of the accused denied the conversion syndicate charges.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kota Dharmantaran News: Investigation details on Moin Khan |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78RbBfjZ54g |work=News18 India |date=25 June 2026}}</ref> In June 2026, Moin Khan was arrested in Kota, Rajasthan, following a complaint by Bajrang Dal activist Yogesh Renwal. Activists claimed that over 40,000 obscene videos of Hindu women were found on his devices, along with allegations of religious conversion, circumcision, targeting Hindu women via Telegram, Snapchat, and Discord, and possible Pakistan links. Police registered a case under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and IT Act but stated that investigations had not substantiated claims of religious conversion or foreign links. The probe into the large volume of pornographic material continued.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/kota-case-obscene-videos-bajrang-dal-allegations-police-no-proof-of-conversion-pakistan-link-2933588-2026-06-25|title=40,000 videos and conversion allegations: Inside the growing Kota controversy|publisher=India Today|date=2026-06-25|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.moneycontrol.com/city/kota-religious-conversion-row-bajrang-dal-alleges-40-000-obscene-videos-pak-links-police-probe-on-article-13958484.html|title=Kota religious conversion row: Bajrang Dal alleges 40,000 obscene videos, Pak links; police probe on|publisher=Moneycontrol|date=2026-06-25|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/rajasthan/2026/Jun/26/rajasthan-youth-arrested-over-conversion-allegations-and-obscene-videos-to-trap-hindu-women|title=Rajasthan youth arrested over conversion allegations and obscene videos to trap Hindu women|publisher=The New Indian Express|date=2026-06-26|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title='Trap Hindu Women, Blackmail And Convert': Inside Kota's Religious Conversion Row |url=https://www.news18.com/amp/cities/jaipur/kota-news-religious-conversion-racket-blackmail-love-jihad-targeting-hindu-women-ws-l-10171813.html |work=News18 |date=25 June 2026}}</ref>

* '''Gaya Momo Vendor Exploitation Case (June 2026):''' In Gaya district, Bihar, a roadside momo vendor named Mohammad Rehan was arrested following intense local outrage and complaints. Rehan allegedly lured multiple young and minor girls into relationship traps by offering them free fast-food items ("free momos") over an extended period. He was accused of recording explicit, compromising videos of at least ten victims without their consent and subsequently uploading or sharing the media content online.<ref>{{cite news |title=Crime: Free momos ke bahane taruni ko jaal me odha |url=https://www.esakal.com/desh/bihar-crime-news-young-vendor-blackmailed-girls-after-luring-them-with-free-momos-engaging-in-illicit-physical-relations-and-recording-obscene-videos-in-gaya-vru98 |work=Esakal News |date=30 June 2026}}</ref> The incident triggered significant socio-political reactions regarding digital security and grooming, and local organizations labeled it as a predatory "Love Jihad" tactic. In late June 2026, Rehan Ansari, a momo vendor from Banke Bazar in Gaya district, Bihar, was accused of luring nearly 20 minor girls (including Mahadalit girls) with free momos and social media reels, then filming obscene videos. The case came to light on 22 June 2026 when locals caught him with a minor girl at Banke Dham hill. Over 70 videos were reportedly recovered from his phone. An FIR was registered under the POCSO Act, IT Act, and other sections. Ansari initially fled (reportedly to Delhi) but later surrendered. Videos were sent for forensic examination.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bhaskarenglish.in/local/bihar/news/bihar-youth-films-obscene-videos-hindu-girls-free-momos-rehan-ansari-gayaji-138335006.html|title=Bihar youth Rehan lured Hindu girls with free momos: Recorded obscene clips after befriending them, targeted nearly 20 girls|publisher=Dainik Bhaskar|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latestly.com/india/news/rehan-ansari-viral-video-momo-vendor-accused-of-sx-assault-surrenders-before-patna-police-7500759.html|title=Rehan Ansari Viral Video: Momo Vendor Accused of S*x Assault Surrenders Before Patna Police|publisher=LatestLY|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amarujala.com/bihar/gaya/gaya-bankebazar-viral-obscene-video-pocso-case-fir-against-rehan-ansari-today-bihar-news-gaya-news-c-1-1-noi1233-4447717-2026-06-29|title=गया जी में वायरल अश्लील वीडियो से मचा बवाल|publisher=Amar Ujala|access-date=2026-07-06}}</ref>

== Statutory Framework for Prosecution ==
When individual complaints involving allegations of identity concealment, sexual exploitation, or forced conversion are filed, they are legally categorized under the following statutory frameworks:
* '''Rape by Fraudulent Consent (Section 376 IPC / Section 64 BNS):''' Applied when a complainant establishes that sexual intercourse occurred based on a false promise of marriage or a falsified identity.
* '''Cheating (Section 420 IPC / Section 318 BNS):''' For cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property or identity concealment.
* '''State Freedom of Religion Acts:''' Specific provisions penalizing unlawful conversions with enhanced prison sentences if the victim is a minor, a woman, or belongs to a Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe.

== Government Response ==
Many BJP-ruled states have passed anti-conversion laws specifically addressing conversions through marriage. Uttar Pradesh’s 2021 law is one of the strictest.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: The Indian law threatening interfaith love |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55158684 |work=BBC News |date=7 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Crime in India]]
[[Category:Interfaith relations]]
[[Category:Islam in India]]

{{stub}}

Love Jihad cases

2026-07-06T09:08:58Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

Love Jihad cases

2026-07-06T09:07:57Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

Love Jihad cases

2026-07-06T08:57:18Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

Love Jihad cases

2026-07-06T08:51:18Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

Love Jihad cases

2026-07-06T08:32:58Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Added tags to the page using Page Curation (stub, update)

Love Jihad cases

2026-07-06T08:30:43Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Created page with "{{Short description|Notable reported cases related to Love Jihad allegations in India}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}} '''Love Jihad cases''' refers to notable reported incidents in India where Muslim men have been accused of using romantic relationships or marriage to convert non-Muslim women to Islam, often with allegations of deception, coercion, or radicalisation. These cases remain highly controversial, with varying interpretations ranging from individual crimes..."

{{Short description|Notable reported cases related to Love Jihad allegations in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2026}}

'''Love Jihad cases''' refers to notable reported incidents in India where Muslim men have been accused of using romantic relationships or marriage to convert non-Muslim women to Islam, often with allegations of deception, coercion, or radicalisation. These cases remain highly controversial, with varying interpretations ranging from individual crimes to organised patterns.<ref>{{cite news |title=India's 'love jihad' conspiracy theory targets Muslim-Hindu interfaith wedding |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/10/10/1041105988/india-muslim-hindu-interfaith-wedding-conversion |work=NPR |date=10 October 2021 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

== Notable Cases by Year ==

=== 2009–2010 ===
* Early cases emerged in Kerala and Karnataka. Hindu and Christian organisations claimed hundreds of women were lured. One of the first widely reported cases involved a Hindu woman in Karnataka whose father approached the High Court alleging "Love Jihad".

===2014===
* '''Tara Shahdeo Case (Jharkhand):''' National-level rifle shooter Tara Shahdeo filed an FIR alleging that her husband had married her under a false Hindu identity ("Ranjeet Singh Kohli") using Hindu rituals, but was actually a Muslim man named Raqibul Hasan. She alleged she was kept in confinement, physically assaulted, and pressured to undergo a religious conversion. Due to the high-profile nature and administrative links of the accused, the probe was transferred to the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI). On September 30, 2023, a Special CBI Court in Ranchi convicted Raqibul Hasan under IPC sections for rape and criminal conspiracy, sentencing him to life imprisonment. Co-conspirators, including his mother and a former High Court registrar who facilitated the deception, received sentences of 10 and 15 years respectively.
=== 2017 ===
* '''Hadiya Case (Kerala)''': Akhila (later Hadiya), a Hindu woman who converted to Islam and married Shafeen Jahan. Her father alleged forced conversion. The Kerala High Court annulled the marriage, but the Supreme Court restored it, upholding her right as an adult.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: The Indian law threatening interfaith love |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55158684 |work=BBC News |date=7 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

=== 2020 ===
* Uttar Pradesh and other states saw increased cases after anti-conversion ordinances. Several Muslim men were arrested under new laws for alleged forced conversions through marriage.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: What a reported miscarriage says about India's new law |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55314832 |work=BBC News |date=16 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

=== 2021 ===
* Multiple arrests reported in Uttar Pradesh under the new anti-conversion law. Cases involved allegations of fake identities and conversion pressure.<ref>{{cite news |title=India's 'love jihad' anti-conversion laws aim to further oppress minorities |url=https://theconversation.com/indias-love-jihad-anti-conversion-laws-aim-to-further-oppress-minorities-and-its-working-166746 |work=The Conversation |date=3 September 2021 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

=== 2022 ===
* '''Shradha Walkar Murder (Delhi)''': Shradha Walkar, a Hindu woman, was allegedly murdered and dismembered by her live-in partner Aftab Poonawala. The case was widely linked to Love Jihad patterns by many media outlets and politicians.<ref>{{cite news |title='They cut him into pieces': India's 'love jihad' conspiracy theory turns lethal |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jan/21/they-cut-him-into-pieces-indias-love-jihad-conspiracy-theory-turns-lethal |work=The Guardian |date=21 January 2022 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>
=== 2023 ===
* Several cases reported from Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan involving allegations of stalking, forced conversion, and violence. The release of the film ''The Kerala Story'' brought renewed attention to older Kerala cases.
* Reports of vigilante actions and attacks on interfaith couples also increased during this period.
=== 2024 ===
* '''Yashashree Shinde Case (Maharashtra):''' In Uran, Maharashtra, a young Dalit woman named Yashashree Shinde was murdered. The accused, Dawood Shaikh, who had a prior relationship history with the victim, was arrested. The incident triggered significant local protests, with community leaders invoking the "Love Jihad" narrative. The state police processed the case under standard murder charges alongside sections of the POCSO Act and the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act.
=== 2025–2026 ===
* '''Supreme Court Constitutional Review:''' By 2026, over 12 Indian states (including Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and Haryana) operated active anti-conversion frameworks. In early 2026, the Supreme Court of India clubbed multiple Public Interest Litigations (PILs) challenging these laws. The petitioners argue that the laws are overly broad, reverse the burden of proof, and infringe upon privacy and voluntary conversion, while state governments argue they are necessary to prevent fraudulent exploitation. The constitutional review remains pending before a three-judge bench.

== Statutory Framework for Prosecution ==
When individual complaints involving allegations of identity concealment, sexual exploitation, or forced conversion are filed, they are legally categorized under the following statutory frameworks:
* '''Rape by Fraudulent Consent (Section 376 IPC / Section 64 BNS):''' Applied when a complainant establishes that sexual intercourse occurred based on a false promise of marriage or a falsified identity.
* '''Cheating (Section 420 IPC / Section 318 BNS):''' For cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property or identity concealment.
* '''State Freedom of Religion Acts:''' Specific provisions penalizing unlawful conversions with enhanced prison sentences if the victim is a minor, a woman, or belongs to a Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe.

== Government Response ==
Many BJP-ruled states have passed anti-conversion laws specifically addressing conversions through marriage. Uttar Pradesh’s 2021 law is one of the strictest.<ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: The Indian law threatening interfaith love |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55158684 |work=BBC News |date=7 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Crime in India]]
[[Category:Interfaith relations]]
[[Category:Islam in India]]

Love jihad conspiracy theory

2026-07-06T08:13:11Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

{{short description|A controversial interfaith love theory}}
{{distinguish|Sexual jihad|A Jihad for Love}}

'''Love Jihad''' (also called '''Romeo Jihad''') refers to allegations in India that Muslim men use romantic relationships and marriage to lure non-Muslim women for religious conversion to Islam. The term is highly contested: supporters claim it is a real and organised pattern, while critics describe it as an Islamophobic conspiracy theory used to oppose interfaith marriages.<ref>{{cite news |title=India's 'love jihad' conspiracy theory targets Muslim-Hindu interfaith wedding |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/10/10/1041105988/india-muslim-hindu-interfaith-wedding-conversion |work=NPR |date=10 October 2021 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Love jihad: The Indian law threatening interfaith love |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55158684 |work=BBC News |date=7 December 2020 |access-date=6 July 2026}}</ref> The theory purports that [[Muslim]] men target [[Hindu]] women for [[conversion to Islam]] by means such as seduction,{{refn |<ref name="George-2020" /><ref name="Anand-2011" /><ref name="Nair-2014"/><ref>{{Cite news |last=Kazmin |first=Amy |date=4 December 2020 |title=Hindu nationalists raise spectre of 'love jihad' with marriage law |work=Financial Times |url=https://www.ft.com/content/04e9e662-dc8e-4d62-b243-bc918782f8e9 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20201204035221/https://www.ft.com/content/04e9e662-dc8e-4d62-b243-bc918782f8e9 |archive-date=4 December 2020 |url-status=unfit }}</ref>}} feigning love,{{refn |<ref name="Farokhi-2020" /><ref name="Nair-2019" /><ref name="Purewal-2020" /><ref name="Leidig-2020" />}} deception,{{refn |<ref name="Waikar-2018" /><ref name="Nair-2014" />}} [[Bride kidnapping|kidnapping]],{{refn |<ref name="Gupta-2009" /><ref name="Grewal-2014">{{cite news |last=Grewal |first=Inderpal |author-link=Inderpal Grewal |date=7 October 2014 |title=Narendra Modi's BJP: Fake Feminism and 'Love Jihad' Rumors |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/narendra-modis-bjp-fake-f_b_5940276 |work=Huffington Post |access-date=2 October 2020 |archive-date=18 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218132228/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/narendra-modis-bjp-fake-f_b_5940276 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Banaji-2018">{{Cite journal |last=Banaji |first=Shakuntala |date=2 October 2018 |title=Vigilante Publics: Orientalism, Modernity and Hindutva Fascism in India |journal=Javnost – the Public |publisher=Taylor & Francis |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=333–350 |doi=10.1080/13183222.2018.1463349 |issn=1318-3222 |doi-access=free}}</ref>}} and marriage,{{refn |<ref name="Farokhi-2020" /><ref name="Waikar-2018" /><ref name="Ramachandran-2020">{{Cite journal |last=Ramachandran |first=Sudha |year=2020 |title=Hindutva Violence in India: Trends and Implications |journal=Counter Terrorist Trends and Analyses |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=15–20 |jstor=26918077 |issn=2382-6444 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ravindran |first=Gopalan |title=Deleuzian and Guattarian Approaches to Contemporary Communication Cultures in India |publisher=Springer |year=2020 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IxHUDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA78 |isbn=978-981-15-2140-9 |pages=78 |access-date=6 May 2023 |archive-date=13 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230513114816/https://books.google.com/books?id=IxHUDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA78 |url-status=live }}</ref>}} as part of a broader demographic "war" by Muslims against India,{{refn |<ref name="Rao-2011" /><ref name="Farokhi-2020" /><ref name="Chacko-2019">{{Cite journal |last=Chacko |first=Priya |date=March 2019 |title=Marketizing Hindutva: The state, society, and markets in Hindu nationalism |journal=Modern Asian Studies |volume=53 |issue=2 |pages=377–410 |doi=10.1017/S0026749X17000051 |hdl=2440/117274 |s2cid=149588748 |issn=0026-749X |hdl-access=free}}</ref>}} and an organised international conspiracy,{{refn |<ref name="Gupta-2009" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Punwani |first=Jyoti |year=2014 |title=Myths and Prejudices about 'Love Jihad' |journal=Economic and Political Weekly |volume=49 |issue=42 |pages=12–15 |jstor=24480870 |issn=0012-9976 }}</ref><ref name="Jayal-2019">{{Cite journal |last=Jayal |first=Niraja Gopal |date=2 January 2019 |title=Reconfiguring Citizenship in Contemporary India |journal=South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies |publisher=Taylor & Francis |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=33–50 |doi=10.1080/00856401.2019.1555874 |issn=0085-6401 |doi-access=free}}</ref>}} for domination through [[demographic growth]] and replacement.{{refn |<ref name="Gökarıksel-2019">{{Cite journal |last1=Gökarıksel |first1=Banu |last2=Neubert |first2=Christopher |last3=Smith |first3=Sara |date=15 February 2019 |title=Demographic Fever Dreams: Fragile Masculinity and Population Politics in the Rise of the Global Right |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/701154 |journal=Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society |publisher=University of Chicago Press |volume=44 |issue=3 |pages=561–587 |doi=10.1086/701154 |s2cid=151053220 |issn=0097-9740 |access-date=9 January 2021 |archive-date=19 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419054500/https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdf/10.1086/701154 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Maiorano |first=Diego |date=3 April 2015 |title=Early Trends and Prospects for Modi's Prime Ministership |journal=The International Spectator |publisher=Taylor & Francis |volume=50 |issue=2 |pages=75–92 |doi=10.1080/03932729.2015.1024511 |s2cid=155228179 |issn=0393-2729}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Tyagi |first1=Aastha |last2=Sen |first2=Atreyee |date=2 January 2020 |title=Love-Jihad (Muslim Sexual Seduction) and ched-chad (sexual harassment): Hindu nationalist discourses and the Ideal/deviant urban citizen in India |journal=Gender, Place & Culture |publisher=Taylor & Francis |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=104–125 |doi=10.1080/0966369X.2018.1557602 |s2cid=165145583 |issn=0966-369X}}</ref>}}

The conspiracy theory relies on [[disinformation]] to conduct its hate campaign,<ref name="George-2020" /> and is noted for its similarities to other historic hate campaigns as well as contemporary [[white nationalist]] conspiracy theories and Western Islamophobia.<ref name="Gökarıksel-2019" /><ref name="George-2020" /><ref name="Farokhi-2020" /> It features [[Orientalism |Orientalist]] portrayals of Muslims as barbaric and [[hypersexual]],<ref name="Leidig-2020" /> and carries the [[paternalistic]] and [[patriarchal]] notions that Hindu women are passive and victimised, while "any possibility of women exercising their legitimate right to love and their right to choice is ignored".<ref name="Gupta-2009"/> It has consequently been the cause of [[vigilante]] assaults, murders and other violent incidents,{{refn |<ref name="Strohl-2018" />{{rp |2 |q=Other right-wing activists use the hysteria surrounding love jihad to file false legal cases and launch vigilante campaigns against women and men in inter-religious relationships.}}<ref name="Udupa-2019" /><ref name="Trivedi-2020" /><ref name="Waikar-2018" /><ref name="Banaji-2018" /><ref name="Ramachandran-2020" /><ref name="Jayal-2019" />}} including the [[2013 Muzaffarnagar riots]].{{refn |name=third}}

Created in 2009{{refn |<ref name="Anand-2011" /><ref name="Gökarıksel-2019" />}} as part of a campaign to foster fear and paranoia, the conspiracy theory was disseminated by Hindutva publications, such as the ''[[Sanatan Prabhat]]'' and the [[Hindu Janajagruti Samiti]] website, calling Hindus to protect their women from Muslim men who were simultaneously depicted to be attractive seducers and lecherous rapists.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Anand |first=Dibyesh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BYbFAAAAQBAJ |title=Hindu Nationalism in India and the Politics of Fear |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-230-60385-1 |pages=51, 63–69 |chapter=Pornosexualizing "The Muslim" |url-access=limited |access-date=22 March 2023 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624144955/https://www.google.com/books/edition/Hindu_Nationalism_in_India_and_the_Polit/BYbFAAAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}</ref> Organisations including the [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh]] (RSS) and the [[Vishva Hindu Parishad]] (VHP) have since been credited for its proliferation in India and abroad, respectively.{{refn |<ref name="Banaji-2018" /><ref name="Chacko-2019" />}} The conspiracy theory was noted to have become a significant belief in the state of [[Uttar Pradesh]] by 2014 and contributed to the success of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) campaign in the state.<ref name="George-2016" />

The concept was institutionalised in India after the election of the Bharatiya Janata Party led by Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]].{{refn |<ref name="Farokhi-2020" /><ref name="Waikar-2018" /><ref name="Gökarıksel-2019" />}} [[Right-wing]] pro-government television media, such as [[Times Now]] and [[Republic TV]], and social media disinformation campaigns are generally held responsible for the growth of its popularity.<ref name="Farokhi-2020" /> Legislation against the purported conspiracy has been initiated in a number of states ruled by the party and implemented in the state of Uttar Pradesh by the [[Yogi Adityanath]] government, where it has been used as a means of [[state repression]] on Muslims and crackdown on [[interfaith marriage]]s.{{refn |<ref name="Wire Nov 2020" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Biswas |first=Soutik |date=8 December 2020 |title=Love jihad: The Indian law threatening interfaith love |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55158684 |access-date=9 January 2021 |archive-date=25 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125193012/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55158684 |url-status=live }}</ref>}}

In [[Myanmar]], the conspiracy theory has been adopted by the [[969 Movement]] as an allegation of Islamisation of Buddhist women and used by the [[Tatmadaw]] as justification for [[Rohingya genocide |military operations against Rohingya civilians]].{{refn |<ref name="Frydenlund-2018" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Kingston |first=Jeff |title=The Politics of Religion, Nationalism, and Identity in Asia |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-4422-7688-8 |pages=117–119}} </ref>}} It has extended among the non-Muslim [[Indian diaspora]] and led to formation of alliances between Hindutva groups and Western [[far-right]] organisations such as the [[English Defence League]].<ref name="Farokhi-2020" /> It has also been adopted in part by the clergy of the [[Catholic Church]] in [[Kerala]] to dissuade [[interfaith marriage]] among Christians.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Jenkins |first=Laura Dudley |title=Religious Freedom and Mass Conversion in India |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |year=2019 |isbn=978-0-8122-9600-6 |chapter=Chapter 6. Persecution: The Love Jihad Rumor |pages=180–215 |doi=10.9783/9780812296006-007 |s2cid=242173559 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-09 |title=Young Christians being targeted through 'love and narcotics jihad': Catholic Bishop in Kerala |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/kerala/young-christians-targeted-through-love-narcotics-jihad-catholic-bishop-kerala-7499399/ |access-date=2024-11-11 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

== Background ==
=== Regional historical tensions ===
[[File:India religion map 1909 en.jpg |alt= |thumb |The Indian subcontinent has been religiously pluralistic for centuries. This map from 1909 shows Muslim regions in the northwest in green mixing with Hindu regions stretching across most of the region into Buddhist Burma.]]

In a piece picked up by the ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'', ''[[Foreign Policy]]'' correspondent Siddhartha Mahanta reports that the modern Love Jihad conspiracy has roots in the 1947 [[partition of India]].<ref name="Mahanta-2014" /> This partition led to the creation of India and Pakistan. The creation of two countries with different majority religions led to large-scale migration, with millions of people moving between the countries and rampant reports of sexual predation and forced conversions of women by men of both faiths.<ref name="Mahanta-2014" /><ref name="Bhavnani-2014">{{cite book |last=Bhavnani |first=Nandita |title=The Making of Exile: Sindhi Hindus and the Partition of India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n_8aBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT253 |date=29 July 2014 |publisher=Westland |isbn=978-93-84030-33-9 |pages=253–255 }}</ref><ref name="Huynh-2015" /> Women on both sides of the conflict were impacted, leading to "recovery operations" by both the Indian and Pakistani governments of these women, with over 20,000 Muslim and 9,000 non-Muslim women being recovered between 1947 and 1956.<ref name="Huynh-2015">{{cite book |last1=Huynh |first1=Kim |author2=Bina D'Costa |author3=Katrina Lee-Koo |title=Children and Global Conflict |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uAS7BwAAQBAJ&pg=PA276 |date=30 April 2015 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-316-29876-3 |pages=274–275 |access-date=16 March 2016 |archive-date=19 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419133434/https://books.google.com/books?id=uAS7BwAAQBAJ&pg=PA276#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref> This tense history caused repeated clashes between the faiths in the decades that followed as well, according to Mahanta, as cultural pressure against interfaith marriage for either side.<ref name="Mahanta-2014" />

As of 2011, Hindus were the leading religious majority in India, at 80%, with Muslims at 14% an increase from 9% from 1951 while the Hindu population of Pakistan has remained at 2% and that of Bangladesh fallen to 8%.<ref name="Mandhana-2014">{{Cite news |url=https://online.wsj.com/articles/hindu-activists-in-india-warn-women-to-beware-of-love-jihad-1409874089 |title=Hindu Activists in India Warn Women to Beware of 'Love Jihad' |last=Mandhana |first=Niharika |date=4 September 2014 |work=The Wall Street Journal |access-date=14 March 2017 |archive-date=19 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019135920/http://online.wsj.com/articles/hindu-activists-in-india-warn-women-to-beware-of-love-jihad-1409874089 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6367773.stm|title=Hindus feel the heat in Pakistan|date=2 March 2007|accessdate=7 August 2023|via=news.bbc.co.uk|archive-date=14 August 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100814193916/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/6367773.stm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1719994/headcount-finalised-sans-third-party-audit?amp=1|title=Headcount finalised sans third-party audit|date=26 May 2018|website=The Express Tribune|accessdate=7 August 2023|archive-date=30 September 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230930130928/https://tribune.com.pk/story/1719994/headcount-finalised-sans-third-party-audit?amp=1|url-status=live}}</ref> In the 1951 census, [[West Pakistan]] (now [[Pakistan]]) had 1.3% Hindu population, while [[East Pakistan]] (now [[Bangladesh]]) had 22.05%.<ref name="D'Costa-2011">{{cite book |last=D'Costa|first=Bina|title=Nationbuilding, Gender and War Crimes in South Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ivzKjY5LncIC&pg=PA100|year=2011|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-56566-0|page=100}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031217071856/http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/pco/statistics/area_pop/area_pop.html|url=http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/pco/statistics/area_pop/area_pop.html |archive-date=17 December 2003 |work=Statistics Division, Ministry of Economic Affairs and Statistics, Government of Pakistan |title=Area, Population, Density and Urban/Rural Proportion by Administrative Units}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.banbeis.gov.bd/bd_pro.htm |title=Census of Bangladesh |publisher=Banbeis.gov.bd |access-date=2013-06-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706132048/http://www.banbeis.gov.bd/bd_pro.htm |archive-date=6 July 2011 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>

=== Marriage traditions and customs ===
{{See also |Interfaith marriage in Islam |Interfaith marriage#Views of Hinduism}}
India has a long tradition of [[Arranged marriage in the Indian subcontinent|arranged marriages]], wherein the bride and groom do not choose their partners. Through the 2000s and 2010s, India witnessed a rise in [[love marriages]]; however, tensions continue around interfaith marriages, along with other traditionally discouraged unions.<ref name="VOA Aug 2002">{{Cite news |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/indian-laws-culture-boost-inter-faith-marriages-147373205/180237.html |title=Indian Laws, Culture Boost Inter-Faith Marriages |date=12 August 2002 |work=Voice of America |access-date=7 September 2014 |archive-date=7 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907171718/http://www.voanews.com/content/indian-laws-culture-boost-inter-faith-marriages-147373205/180237.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Mumbai Mirror">{{Cite news |url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/others/sunday-read/Jihad-in-the-time-of-love/articleshow/41290908.cms |title=Jihad in the time of love |date=31 August 2014 |work=[[Mumbai Mirror]] |access-date=7 September 2014 |archive-date=25 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160825201102/http://www.mumbaimirror.com/others/sunday-read/Jihad-in-the-time-of-love/articleshow/41290908.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2012, ''[[The Hindu]]'' reported that illegal intimidation against consenting couples engaging in such discouraged unions, including inter-religious marriage, had surged.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/law-commissions-new-draft-wants-khap-panchayats-on-marriages-declared-illegal/article2829231.ece |title=Law Commission's new draft wants khap panchayats on marriages declared illegal |last=Dhar |first=Aarti |date=24 January 2012 |work=The Hindu |archive-date=1 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140301200257/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/law-commissions-new-draft-wants-khap-panchayats-on-marriages-declared-illegal/article2829231.ece |url-status=dead}}</ref> That year, Uttar Pradesh saw the proposal of an amendment to remove the requirement to declare religion from the marriage law in hopes of encouraging those who were hiding their interfaith marriage due to social norms to register.<ref name="VOA Aug 2002" />

One of the tensions surrounding interfaith marriage relates to concerns of required, even [[Forced conversion |forced]], [[marital conversion]].<ref name="Mumbai Mirror" /><ref>{{cite news |title=Two booked for forcing wives to embrace Islam in Madhya Pradesh |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Two-booked-for-forcing-wives-to-embrace-Islam-in-Madhya-Pradesh/articleshow/41251910.cms |newspaper=The Times of India |access-date=28 February 2015 |archive-date=27 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427202619/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Two-booked-for-forcing-wives-to-embrace-Islam-in-Madhya-Pradesh/articleshow/41251910.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Marriage in Islam]] is a legal contract with requirements around the religions of the participants. While Muslim women are only permitted within the contract to marry Muslim men, Muslim men may marry "[[People of the Book]]", interpreted by most to include [[Jews]] and [[Christians]], with the inclusion of [[Hindus]] disputed.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Voices of Islam: Voices of life : family, home, and society |last=Cornell |first=Vincent J. |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-275-98735-0 |page=61 |quote=This includes Jew, Christians and Sabeans (a sect that most Muslims believe no longer exists). Zoroastrians, certain types of Hindus, and Buddhists are accepted by some Muslims as 'People of the Book' as well, but this is a matter of dispute.}}</ref> According to a 2014 article in the ''[[Mumbai Mirror]]'', some non-Muslim brides in Muslim-Hindu marriages convert, while other couples choose a [[civil marriage]] under the [[Special Marriage Act of 1954]].<ref name="Mumbai Mirror" /> Marriage between Muslim women and Hindu men (including Sikh, Jaina, and Buddhist) is legal civil marriage under The Special Marriage Act of 1954.

=== Hindutva and right-wing politics ===
Love jihad in politics has been closely tied to [[Hindutva]], a [[Hindu nationalism|Hindu nationalist]] movement, which is associated with the [[Bharatiya Janata Party |BJP]] [[Prime Minister of India]], [[Narendra Modi]].<ref name="Chandra Pandey-2013" /> The anti-Islamic stances of many right wing Hindutva groups like [[Vishva Hindu Parishad]] (VHP) are usually hostile to inter-religious marriage and religious pluralism, which can sometimes result in mob violence motivated by allegations of love jihad.<ref name="Sarkar2018"/>

== Timeline ==
=== Early origins and beginnings ===
Similar controversies over inter religious marriage were relatively common in India from the 1920s until independence in 1947, when allegations of forced marriage were typically called "abductions".<ref>{{cite news |first=Chandrima |last=Banerjee |title=Ram Sene coined 'love jihad', but first 'case' goes back a century |newspaper=Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ram-sene-coined-love-jihad-but-first-case-goes-back-a-century/articleshow/78744013.cms |access-date=14 November 2020 |archive-date=20 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201120101539/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/ram-sene-coined-love-jihad-but-first-case-goes-back-a-century/articleshow/78744013.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> They were more common in religiously diverse areas, including campaigns against both Muslims and Christians, and were tied to fears over religious demographics and political power in the newly emerging Indian nation. Fears of women converting was also a catalyst of the [[Violence against women during the partition of India |violence against women]] that occurred during that period. However, allegations of Love Jihad first rose to national awareness in September 2009.<ref name="Piqued">{{cite news |date=6 September 2011 |title='Love jihad' piqued US interest |work=The Times of India |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Love-jihad-piqued-US-interest/articleshow/9877883.cms?referral=PM |access-date=18 April 2014 |archive-date=14 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180914070513/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Love-jihad-piqued-US-interest/articleshow/9877883.cms?referral=PM |url-status=live }}</ref>

According to the Kerala Catholic Bishops Council, by October 2009 up to 4,500 girls in Kerala had been targeted, whereas [[Hindu Janajagruti Samiti]] claimed that 30,000 girls had been [[conversion to Islam |converted]] in Karnataka alone.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.rediff.com/report/2009/oct/14/is-love-jihad-terrors-new-mantra.htm |title=Is 'Love Jihad' terror's new mantra? |work=Rediff |date=14 October 2009 |access-date=16 February 2010 |archive-date=11 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211052832/http://news.rediff.com/report/2009/oct/14/is-love-jihad-terrors-new-mantra.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=66952 |title=Mangalore: Eight Hindu Organisations to Protest Against 'Love Jehad' |work=Daijiworld.com |date=14 October 2009 |archive-date=5 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105102617/http://www.daijiworld.com/news/news_disp.asp?n_id=66952 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana]] general secretary Vellapally Natesan said that there had been reports in Narayaneeya communities of "Love Jihad" attempts.<ref>{{cite news |title=SNDP to campaign against Love Jihad: Vellappally |url=http://www.asianetindia.com/news/sndp-protest-love-jihad-vellappally-2_91229.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120310203936/http://www.asianetindia.com/news/sndp-protest-love-jihad-vellappally-2_91229.html |archive-date=10 March 2012 |work=[[Asianet (TV channel) |Asianet]] |date=19 October 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=SNDP to join fight against 'Love Jihad' |url=http://newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/article140981.ece |work=The New Indian Express |date=19 October 2009 |access-date=24 May 2013 |archive-date=6 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106084257/http://newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/article140981.ece |url-status=dead }}</ref> Following the controversy's initial flare-up in 2009, it flared again in 2010, 2011 and 2014.<ref name="Criticized">{{cite news |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-07-27/news/27572286_1_love-jihad-love-jihad-hindu |title=Kerala CM criticised for speaking out against 'love jihad' |date=27 July 2010 |work=[[The Economic Times]] |access-date=18 April 2014 |archive-date=12 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110812053206/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2010-07-27/news/27572286_1_love-jihad-love-jihad-hindu |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="hate">{{cite news |title=Love jihad sparks hate |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bangalore/Love-jihad-sparks-hate/articleshow/11140332.cms?referral=PM |work=The Times of India |date=17 December 2011 |access-date=18 April 2014 |archive-date=30 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130123742/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bangalore/Love-jihad-sparks-hate/articleshow/11140332.cms?referral=PM |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="IT Sep 2012" /> On 25 June 2014, Kerala Chief Minister [[Oommen Chandy]] informed the state legislature that 2,667 young women converted to Islam in the state between 2006 and 2014. However, he stated that there was no evidence for any of them being forced to convert, and that fears of Love Jihad were "baseless".<ref name="IT Sep 2012">{{cite news |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/south/story/love-jihad-oommen-chandy-islam-kerala-muslim-marriage-115150-2012-09-03 |title=Over 2500 women converted to Islam in Kerala since 2006, says Oommen Chandy |work=India Today |date=4 September 2012 |access-date=16 July 2014 |archive-date=4 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904045700/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/love-jihad-oommen-chandy-islam-kerala-muslim-marriage/1/215942.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Muslim organizations such as the ''[[Popular Front of India]]'' and the ''Campus Front'' have been accused of promoting this activity.<ref name="Nelson-2009">{{cite news |last=Nelson |first=Dean |date=13 October 2009 |title=Handsome Muslim men accused of waging 'love jihad' in India |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/religion/6316966/Handsome-Muslim-men-accused-of-waging-love-jihad-in-India.html |access-date=4 April 2018 |archive-date=24 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200124190122/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/religion/6316966/Handsome-Muslim-men-accused-of-waging-love-jihad-in-India.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In Kerala, some movies have been accused of promoting Love Jihad, a charge which has been denied by the filmmakers.<ref>{{cite news |first=Rohit |last=Raj |title=Filmmakers protest Love Jihad slur in social media |date=27 July 2012 |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/local/kochi/filmmakers-protest-love-jihad-slur-social-media-082 |work=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |access-date=18 April 2014 |archive-date=3 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103081046/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/local/kochi/filmmakers-protest-love-jihad-slur-social-media-082 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bollywood films [[PK (film)|PK]] and [[Bajrangi Bhaijaan]] were accused of promoting Love jihad by Hindu outfits.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/content/449522/pk-supports-love-jihad-hindu.html |title='PK' supports 'Love Jihad', Hindu outfit seeks a ban |date=24 December 2014 |work=Deccan Herald |access-date=8 March 2022 |archive-date=8 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308162832/https://www.deccanherald.com/content/449522/pk-supports-love-jihad-hindu.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-bajrangi-bhaijaan-is-not-about-love-jihad-2039556 |title=Bajrangi Bhaijaan is not about Love Jihad |newspaper=Daily News and Analysis |date=29 November 2014 |access-date=6 May 2023 |archive-date=6 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506153833/https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-bajrangi-bhaijaan-is-not-about-love-jihad-2039556 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/jan/02/bollywood-film-pk-hindu-nationalist-protests-india-aamir-khan |title=Bollywood film fans fall in love with PK despite Hindu nationalist protests |date=2 January 2015 |work=the Guardian |access-date=8 March 2022 |archive-date=8 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108202152/http://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/jan/02/bollywood-film-pk-hindu-nationalist-protests-india-aamir-khan |url-status=live }}</ref> The actors and directors denied that their films promoted Love jihad.<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/aamir-khan-pk-anti-hindu-hindutva-love-jihad-rajkumar-hirani-twitter-anti-religion-232488-2014-12-23 |title=Aamir Khan defends PK: Not targetting any particular religion |date=December 26, 2014 |magazine=India Today |access-date=8 March 2022 |archive-date=8 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308162830/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/aamir-khan-pk-anti-hindu-hindutva-love-jihad-rajkumar-hirani-twitter-anti-religion-232488-2014-12-23 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/salman-khan-bajrangi-bhaijaan-kabir-khan-kareena-kapoor-229316-2014-12-01 |title=Bajrangi Bhaijaan is a masala film, not about love jihad: Kabir Khan |date=December 1, 2014 |magazine=India Today |access-date=8 March 2022 |archive-date=8 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308162830/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/salman-khan-bajrangi-bhaijaan-kabir-khan-kareena-kapoor-229316-2014-12-01 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Around the same time that the conspiracy theory was beginning to spread, accounts of Love Jihad also began becoming prevalent in [[Myanmar]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Formatting Religion: Across Politics, Education, Media, and Law |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yj6IDwAAQBAJ |page=89 |author=Marius Timmann Mjaaland |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-0-429-63827-5 |year=2019 |access-date=22 September 2020 |archive-date=19 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419133348/https://books.google.com/books?id=yj6IDwAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Wirathu]], the leader of [[969 Movement]], has said that Muslim men pretend to be Buddhists and then the Buddhist women are lured into Islam in Myanmar.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://europe-solidaire.org/spip.php?article43249 |title=South Asia: Murderous majorities |author=Kesavan Mukul |access-date=22 September 2020 |archive-date=9 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809181028/https://www.europe-solidaire.org/spip.php?article43249 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.academia.edu/37554959 |title=Buddhist Islamophobia: Actors, Tropes, Contexts |author=Iselin Frydenlund |journal=Academia |date=2018 |pages=279–302 |doi=10.1163/9789004382022_014 |isbn=978-90-04-38202-2 |access-date=22 September 2020 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624145005/https://www.academia.edu/37554959 |url-status=live }}</ref> He has urged to "protect our Buddhist women from the Muslim love-jihad" by introducing further legislation.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/world/417974/buddhist-backlash-against-fear-of-love-jihad-in-myanmar |title=Buddhist backlash against fear of 'love-jihad' |year=2014 |work=[[Bangkok Post]] |access-date=22 September 2020 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624145026/https://www.bangkokpost.com/world/417974/buddhist-backlash-against-fear-of-love-jihad-in-myanmar |url-status=live }}</ref> Reports of similar activities also began emerging from the United Kingdom's Sikh diaspora.<ref>{{cite news |author=Yudhvir Rana |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/Not-just-White-girls-Pak-Muslim-men-sexually-target-Hindu-and-Sikh-girls-as-well/articleshow/7254035.cms?referral=PM |title='Not just White girls, Pak Muslim men sexually target Hindu and Sikh girls as well |work=The Times of India |date=10 January 2011 |access-date=18 April 2014 |archive-date=28 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140828021118/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/pakistan/Not-just-White-girls-Pak-Muslim-men-sexually-target-Hindu-and-Sikh-girls-as-well/articleshow/7254035.cms?referral=PM |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/police-protect-girls-forced-to-convert-to-islam-7256407.html |title=Police protect girls forced to convert to Islam |work=[[Evening Standard |London Evening Standard]] |date=22 February 2007 |access-date=4 April 2018 |archive-date=16 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140216023003/http://www.standard.co.uk/news/police-protect-girls-forced-to-convert-to-islam-7256407.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2014, The Sikh Council alleged that it had received reports that girls from [[Sikhism in the United Kingdom |British Sikh]] families were becoming victims of Love Jihad. Furthermore, these reports alleged that these girls were being exploited by their husbands, some of whom afterwards abandoned them in Pakistan. According to the Takht Jathedar, he alleged that "The Sikh council has rescued some of the victims (girls) and brought them back to their parents".<ref name="HT Correspondent">{{Cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/amritsar/love-jihad-exploitation-of-uk-sikh-girls-by-pak-youths-worries-akal-takht/article1-1177246.aspx |title='Love jihad': UK Sikh girls' exploitation worries Takht |date=27 January 2014 |work=Hindustan Times |archive-date=6 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906234735/http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/amritsar/love-jihad-exploitation-of-uk-sikh-girls-by-pak-youths-worries-akal-takht/article1-1177246.aspx |url-status=dead}}</ref>

=== Congress Party era (2009–2014) ===
The initial formations of the conspiracy theory were solidified when various organisations began joining. Christian groups, such as the Christian Association for Social Action, and the Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP) banded against it, with the VHP establishing the "Hindu Helpline" that it started answered 1,500 calls in three months related to "Love Jihad".<ref name="Ananthakrishnan G-2009">{{cite news |author=Ananthakrishnan G |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Love-Jihad-racket-VHP-Christian-groups-find-common-cause/articleshow/5117548.cms |title='Love Jihad' racket: VHP, Christian groups find common cause |work=The Times of India |date=13 October 2009 |access-date=16 February 2010 |archive-date=5 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140805051759/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Love-Jihad-racket-VHP-Christian-groups-find-common-cause/articleshow/5117548.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Union of Catholic Asian News]] (UCAN) has reported that the [[Catholic Church]] was concerned about this alleged phenomenon.<ref name="Concerned">{{cite news |date=13 October 2009 |title=Church, state concerned about ´love jihad´ |work=Union of Catholic Asian News |url=http://www.ucanews.com/2009/10/13/church-state-concerned-about-love-jihad |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091018162826/http://www.ucanews.com/2009/10/13/church-state-concerned-about-love-jihad |archive-date=18 October 2009}}</ref> In September, posters of right-wing group [[Shri Ram Sena]] warning against "Love Jihad" appeared in [[Thiruvananthapuram]], [[Kerala]].<ref name="Babu Thomas-2009">{{cite news |author=Babu Thomas |title=Poster campaign against 'Love Jihad' |url=http://newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/article157178.ece |work=The New Indian Express |date=26 September 2009 |access-date=24 May 2013 |archive-date=6 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106084303/http://newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/article157178.ece |url-status=dead }}</ref> The group announced in December that it would launch a nationwide "Save our daughters, save India" campaign to combat "Love Jihad".<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bangalore/Rama-Sene-to-launch-Save-our-daughters-Save-India/articleshow/5181924.cms?referral=PM |title='Rama Sene to launch 'Save our daughters Save India' |work=The Times of India |date=31 October 2009 |access-date=18 April 2014 |archive-date=5 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305225552/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bangalore/Rama-Sene-to-launch-Save-our-daughters-Save-India/articleshow/5181924.cms?referral=PM |url-status=live }}</ref> Muslim organizations in Kerala called it a malicious misinformation campaign.<ref name="misinformation">{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thiruvananthapuram/Love-Jihad-a-misinformation-campaign-Kerala-Muslim-outfits/articleshow/5189444.cms?referral=PM |title='Love Jihad' a misinformation campaign: Kerala Muslim outfits |work=The Times of India |date=2 November 2009 |access-date=18 April 2014 |archive-date=22 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822125655/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thiruvananthapuram/Love-Jihad-a-misinformation-campaign-Kerala-Muslim-outfits/articleshow/5189444.cms?referral=PM |url-status=live }}</ref> Popular Front of India (PFI) committee-member Naseeruddin Elamaram denied that the PFI was involved in any "Love Jihad", stating that people convert to Hinduism and Christianity as well and that religious conversion is not a crime.<ref name="Concerned" /> Members of the Muslim Central Committee of [[Dakshina Kannada]] and [[Udupi]] districts responded by claiming that Hindus and Christians have fabricated these claims to undermine Muslims.<ref>{{cite news |title='Anti Muslim forces phrase 'Love Jihad' |work=Sahilonline.org |date=23 October 2009 |url-status=dead |url=http://www.sahilonline.org/english/news.php?catID=coastalnews&nid=6624 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100620153619/http://www.sahilonline.org/english/news.php?catID=coastalnews&nid=6624 |archive-date=20 June 2010 }}</ref>

In July 2010, the "Love Jihad" controversy resurfaced in the press when Kerala Chief Minister [[V. S. Achuthanandan]] referenced the alleged matrimonial conversion of non-Muslim girls as part of an effort to make Kerala a Muslim majority state.<ref name="Criticized" /><ref name="Reignites">{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Kerala-CM-reignites-love-jihad-theory/articleshow/6216779.cms?referral=PM |title=Kerala CM reignites 'love jihad' theory |date=26 July 2010 |work=The Times of India |access-date=18 April 2014 |archive-date=30 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130123742/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Kerala-CM-reignites-love-jihad-theory/articleshow/6216779.cms?referral=PM |url-status=live }}</ref> PFI dismissed his statements due to the findings of the Kerala probe,<ref name="Reignites" /> but the president of the BJP Mahila Morcha, the women's wing of the conservative Bharatiya Janata Party, called for an [[National Investigation Agency (India) |NIA]] investigation, alleging that the Kerala state probe was closed prematurely due to a tacit understanding with PFI.<ref name="NIA">{{cite news |url=http://newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/article186554.ece |title=Love jihad cases: Mahila Morcha for NIA probe |date=25 July 2010 |newspaper=New Indian Express |access-date=24 May 2013 |archive-date=6 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106084238/http://newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/article186554.ece |url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[Indian National Congress |Congress Party]] in Kerala responded strongly to the Chief Minister's comments, which they described as deplorable and dangerous.<ref name="Criticized" />

In December 2011, the controversy erupted again in Karnataka legislative assembly, when [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|member]] Mallika Prasad of the Bharatiya Janata Party asserted that the problem was ongoing and unaddressed{{snd}} with, according to her, 69 of 84 Hindu girls who had gone missing between January and November of that year confessing after their recovery that "they'd been lured by Muslim youths who professed love".<ref name="hate" /> According to ''The Times of India'', response was divided, with Deputy Speaker N. Yogish Bhat and House Leader [[S. Suresh Kumar]] supporting governmental intervention, while Congress members [[B. Ramanath Rai]] and [[Abhayachandra Jain]] argued that "the issue was being raised to [[Communal violence|disrupt communal harmony]] in the district".<ref name="hate" />

=== Bharatiya Janata Party era (2014–present) ===
During the resurgence of the controversy in 2014, protests turned violent at growing concern, even though, according to ''[[Reuters]]'', the concept was considered "an absurd conspiracy theory by mainstream, moderate Indians".<ref name="Nair-2014">{{Cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/india-religion-modi-idINKBN0GZ2OC20140904 |title='Love Jihad' and religious conversion polarise in Modi's India |last1=Nair |first1=Rupam Jain |date=5 September 2014 |work=Reuters |last2=Daniel |first2=Frank Jack |access-date=9 January 2021 |archive-date=11 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611172913/https://www.reuters.com/article/india-religion-modi-idINKBN0GZ2OC20140904 |url-status=live }}</ref> Then BJP MP [[Yogi Adityanath]] alleged that Love Jihad was an international conspiracy targeting India,<ref name="IndiaTV Sep 2014" /> announcing on television that the Muslims "can't do what they want by force in India, so they are using the love jihad method here".<ref name="Mandhana-2014" /> Conservative Hindu activists cautioned women in [[Uttar Pradesh]] to avoid Muslims and not to befriend them.<ref name="Mandhana-2014" /> In Uttar Pradesh, the influential committee Akhil Bharitiya Vaishya Ekta Parishad announced their intention to push to restrict the use of cell phones among young women to prevent their being vulnerable to such activities.<ref name="Mishra-2014">{{Cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/In-UP-community-bans-mobiles-for-girls-to-fight-love-jihad/articleshow/41472311.cms |title=In UP, community bans mobiles for girls to fight 'love jihad' |last=Mishra |first=Ishita |date=2 September 2014 |work=The Times of India |access-date=6 September 2014 |archive-date=5 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905015225/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/In-UP-community-bans-mobiles-for-girls-to-fight-love-jihad/articleshow/41472311.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

Following this announcement, ''[[The Times of India]]'' reported that the [[Superintendent of police (India) |Senior Superintendent of Police]] in UP, Shalabh Mathur, "said the term 'love jihad' had been coined only to create fear and divide society along communal lines".<ref name="Mishra-2014" /> Muslim leaders referred to the 2014 rhetoric around the alleged conspiracy as a campaign of hate.<ref name="Mandhana-2014" /> [[Feminism |Feminists]] voiced concerns that efforts to protect women against the alleged activities would negatively impact [[women's rights]], depriving them of free choice and agency.<ref name="Mumbai Mirror" /><ref>{{Cite news |title=Amid rage over 'Love Jihad' what about what women want? |last=Saha |first=Abhishek |work=Hindustan Times |date=1 September 2014 |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/amid-rage-over-love-jihad-what-about-what-women-want/article1-1258796.aspx |archive-date=4 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904065743/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/amid-rage-over-love-jihad-what-about-what-women-want/article1-1258796.aspx |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Love Jihad campaign treats women as if they are foolish: Charu Gupta |last=Aravind |first=Indulekha |date=6 September 2014 |work=Business Standard |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/love-jihad-campaign-treats-women-as-if-they-are-foolish-charu-gupta-114090600699_1.html |access-date=24 October 2014 |archive-date=7 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907004729/http://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/love-jihad-campaign-treats-women-as-if-they-are-foolish-charu-gupta-114090600699_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Netas-using-love-jihad-as-a-tool-for-polarization/articleshow/41142292.cms |title=Netas using love jihad as a tool for polarization |last=Akram |first=Maria |date=29 August 2014 |work=The Times of India |access-date=24 October 2014 |archive-date=1 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140901091628/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Netas-using-love-jihad-as-a-tool-for-polarization/articleshow/41142292.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

In September 2014, BJP MP [[Sakshi Maharaj]] claimed that Muslim boys in [[madrasa]]s are being motivated for Love Jihad with proposals of rewards of "Rs 11 lakh for an 'affair' with a Sikh girl, Rs 10 lakh for a Hindu girl and Rs 7 lakh for a Jain girl". He claimed to know this through reports to him by Muslims and by the experiences of men in his service who had converted for access.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/bjp-unnao-mp-sakshi-maharaj-claims-madrasas-offering-cash-rewards-for-love-jihad/ |title=BJP Unnao MP Sakshi Maharaj claims madrasas offering cash rewards for love jihad |date=15 September 2014 |work=The Indian Express |access-date=4 July 2015 |archive-date=5 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705141240/http://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/bjp-unnao-mp-sakshi-maharaj-claims-madrasas-offering-cash-rewards-for-love-jihad/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Abdul Razzaq Khan, the vice-president of Jamiat Ulama Hind, responded by denying such activities, labeling the comments "part of conspiracy aimed at disturbing the peace of the nation" and demanding action against Maharaj.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhopal/Muslim-cleric-blasts-Sakshi-Maharaj-for-jihad-factory-remark/articleshow/42701489.cms |title=Muslim Cleric Blasts Sakshi Maharaj for Jihad Factory Remark |work=The Times of India |date=17 September 2014 |access-date=4 July 2015 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624145038/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhopal/Muslim-cleric-blasts-Sakshi-Maharaj-for-jihad-factory-remark/articleshow/42701489.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> Uttar Pradesh minister Mohd [[Azam Khan (politician)|Azam Khan]] indicated the statement was "trying to break the country".<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national/azam-khan-rapist-sakshi-maharaj-madrassa-bjp-love-jihad-isi-20173.html |title=Azam slams Sakshi Maharaj on madarssa issue, calls him "rapist" |work=India TV News |date=17 September 2014 |access-date=4 July 2015 |archive-date=5 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150705130442/http://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national/azam-khan-rapist-sakshi-maharaj-madrassa-bjp-love-jihad-isi-20173.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In January, [[Vishwa Hindu Parishad]]'s women's wing, [[Durga Vahini]] used actor [[Kareena Kapoor]]'s morphed picture half covered with [[burqa]] issue of their magazine, on the theme of Love Jihad.<ref>{{cite news |title=Star Power Kareena Used As Warning Against Love Jihad |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/star-power-kareena-used-as-warning-against-love-jihad/article1-1304415.aspx |work=Hindustan Times |date=7 January 2015 |archive-date=19 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150119155853/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/star-power-kareena-used-as-warning-against-love-jihad/article1-1304415.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> The caption underneath read: "conversion of nationality through religious conversion".<ref>{{cite news |title=Kareena Kapoor is now the face of VHP's love jihad campaign |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/north/story/love-jihad-kareena-kapoor-vhp-campaign-234660-2015-01-08 |work=India Today |date=8 January 2015 |access-date=19 January 2015 |archive-date=19 January 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150119121847/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/love-jihad-kareena-kapoor-vhp-campaign/1/412032.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In June 2018, Jharkhand High Court granted a divorce to national level shooter [[Tara Shahdeo Case|Tara Shahdeo]] in an alleged love jihad case in which the accused lied about his religion and forced the victim to convert to Islam after marriage.<ref name="dnaindia2018">{{cite news |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-jharkhand-love-jihad-case-former-national-shooter-tara-shahdeo-granted-divorce-from-raqibul-hassan-2630045 |title=Jharkhand love jihad case: Former national shooter Tara Shahdeo granted divorce from Raqibul Hassan |work=Daily News and Analysis |date=27 June 2018 |access-date=6 August 2020 |archive-date=18 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118014152/https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-jharkhand-love-jihad-case-former-national-shooter-tara-shahdeo-granted-divorce-from-raqibul-hassan-2630045 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== 2017 Hadiya court case ====
{{Main |Hadiya case}}

In May 2017, the [[Kerala High Court]] annulled a marriage of a converted Hindu woman Akhila alias Hadiya to a Muslim man Shafeen Jahan on the grounds that the bride's parents were not present, nor gave consent for the marriage, after allegations by her father of conversion and marriage at the behest of the [[Islamic State of Iraq and Syria]] (ISIS).<ref name=ITangle /> Hadiya's father had claimed that his daughter had been influenced to marry a Muslim man by some organisations so she no longer remained in her parents' custody.<ref name=ITchallenge /> However, Hadiya claimed that she had been following Islam since 2012 and had left her home of her own will. Akhila was married to Shafeen by the time her father's petition was taken up by the court, following which her marriage was annulled.<ref name="ITangle">{{cite news |title=Kerala High Court nullifies woman's marriage with Muslim man after bride's father raises Islamic State angle |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/kerala-high-court-hindu-muslim-islamic-state-979157-2017-05-25 |work=India Today |date=25 May 2017 |access-date=16 August 2017 |archive-date=17 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170817054227/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/kerala-high-court-hindu-muslim-islamic-state/1/962622.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="ITchallenge" />

The decision of the court was challenged by Shafeen in the [[Supreme Court of India]] in July 2017.<ref name="ITchallenge">{{cite news |title=Kerala Muslim man challenges HC decision to nullify marriage with Hindu woman over ISIS link |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/mail-today/story/love-jihad-muslim-youth-kerala-supreme-court-hindu-woman-islam-1022644-2017-07-06 |work=India Today |date=6 July 2017 |access-date=16 August 2017 |archive-date=11 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811030254/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/love-jihad-muslim-youth-kerala-supreme-court-hindu-woman-islam/1/995321.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Voluntary marriage not love jihad: man's plea against Kerala HC ruling |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/voluntary-marriage-not-love-jihad-mans-plea-against-kerala-hc-ruling/article19246201.ece |newspaper=The Hindu |date=9 July 2017 |last1=Rajagopal |first1=Krishnadas |access-date=16 August 2017 |archive-date=14 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714000218/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/voluntary-marriage-not-love-jihad-mans-plea-against-kerala-hc-ruling/article19246201.ece |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="ToI04082017">{{cite news |title=Supreme Court hears its 1st 'love jihad' case, demands proof from NIA |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/supreme-court-hears-its-1st-love-jihad-case-demands-proof-from-nia/articleshow/59923249.cms |work=The Times of India |date=4 August 2017 |access-date=16 August 2017 |archive-date=27 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827004932/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/supreme-court-hears-its-1st-love-jihad-case-demands-proof-from-nia/articleshow/59923249.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> The Supreme Court sought the response from the [[National Investigating Agency]] (NIA) and the Kerala government,<ref>{{cite news |title=Supreme Court Hears Case Of 'Love Jihad', Seeks Response From The NIA |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2017/08/05/supreme-court-hears-case-of-love-jihad-seeks-response-from-th_a_23065890/ |work=Huffington Post |date=4 August 2017 |access-date=16 August 2017 |archive-date=16 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816191218/http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2017/08/05/supreme-court-hears-case-of-love-jihad-seeks-response-from-th_a_23065890/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ordering an NIA probe headed by former SC Judge [[R. V. Raveendran]] on 16 August. The NIA had earlier submitted that the woman's conversion and marriage was not "isolated" and it had detected a pattern emerging in the state.<ref name="Rajagopal-2017">{{cite news |title=Supreme Court orders NIA probe into Kerala woman's conversion and marriage case |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/supreme-court-orders-nia-probe-into-kerala-womans-conversion-and-marriage/article19501689.ece |newspaper=The Hindu |date=16 August 2017 |last1=Rajagopal |first1=Krishnadas |access-date=16 August 2017 |archive-date=12 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200712163752/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/kerala/supreme-court-orders-nia-probe-into-kerala-womans-conversion-and-marriage/article19501689.ece |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=4 December 2017 |title=Hadiya's 'husband' was in touch with IS men before their marriage: NIA |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/hadiyas-husband-was-in-touch-with-is-men/articleshow/61908549.cms |newspaper=The Times of India |access-date=4 December 2017 |archive-date=3 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203234415/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/hadiyas-husband-was-in-touch-with-is-men/articleshow/61908549.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

The Supreme Court on 8 March 2018 overturned the annulment of Hadiya's marriage by the Kerala High Court and held that the she had married of her own free will. However, it allowed NIA to continue investigation into the allegations of a terror dimension.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/hadiya-s-marriage-to-shefin-stays-supreme-court-overturns-kerala-high-court-order-1184561-2018-03-08 |title=Hadiya's marriage restored, Supreme Court says no love jihad |work=India Today |date=8 March 2018 |access-date=9 March 2018 |archive-date=8 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180308120945/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/hadiya-s-marriage-to-shefin-stays-supreme-court-overturns-kerala-high-court-order-1184561-2018-03-08 |url-status=live }}</ref> The NIA examined 11 interfaith marriages in Kerala and completed its investigation in October 2018, concluding that "the agency has not found any evidence to suggest that in any of these cases either the man or the woman was coerced to convert".<ref name="Ahuja-2018">{{cite news |last1=Ahuja |first1=Rajesh |title=NIA ends Kerala probe, says there's love but no jihad |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/nia-ends-kerala-probe-says-there-s-love-but-no-jihad/story-wlpWR7BMNcdJHkb1MUso4J.html |work=Hindustan Times |date=18 October 2018 |access-date=24 March 2021 |archive-date=3 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303134924/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/nia-ends-kerala-probe-says-there-s-love-but-no-jihad/story-wlpWR7BMNcdJHkb1MUso4J.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== 2020 legislation and outcomes ====
{{See also |Prohibition of Unlawful Religious Conversion Ordinance, 2020}}
Despite drawing severe criticisms,{{By whom |date=April 2021}} the [[Syro Malabar Church]] continued to repeat its stand on "love jihad". According to the church, Christian women are being targeted, recruited to terrorist outfit Islamic State, making them [[Sexual slavery |sex slaves]] and even killed. Detailing this, a circular, issued by Church chief [[Cardinal (Catholic Church) |Cardinal]] Mar George Alencherry, was read out in many parishes at the [[Sunday mass]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Raghunathan |first=Arjun |date=15 January 2020 |title=Kerala Church says Love Jihad is real, claims Christian women being lured into IS trap |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/south/kerala-church-says-love-jihad-is-real-claims-christian-women-being-lured-into-is-trap-794814.html |newspaper=Deccan Herald |access-date=9 March 2020 |archive-date=1 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301201430/https://www.deccanherald.com/national/south/kerala-church-says-love-jihad-is-real-claims-christian-women-being-lured-into-is-trap-794814.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=16 January 2020 |title=Love Jihad making Kerala girls sex slaves: Church |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/love-jihad-church-says-its-real/articleshow/73281383.cms |newspaper=The Times of India |access-date=9 March 2020 |archive-date=20 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200120072430/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/love-jihad-church-says-its-real/articleshow/73281383.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> In the circular (dated 15 January 2020) that was read out in [[church (building) |churches]] on Sunday, it is stated that [[Christians |Christian]] women are being targeted under a conspiracy through inter-religious relationships, which often grow as a threat to religious harmony. "Christian women from Kerala are even being recruited to [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant |Islamic State]] through this", the circular read.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/amidst-criticisms-kerala-catholic-churches-read-out-love-jihad-circular-sunday-mass-116403 |title=Kerala Catholic churches read out 'love jihad' circular |newspaper=[[The News Minute]] |date=19 January 2020 |access-date=21 January 2020 |archive-date=19 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200119153627/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/amidst-criticisms-kerala-catholic-churches-read-out-love-jihad-circular-sunday-mass-116403 |url-status=live }}</ref> Further, Kerala Catholic Bishops Conference's (KCBC) Commission for Social Harmony and Vigilance, claimed that there were 4,000 instances of "love jihad" between 2005 and 2012.<ref>{{cite news |title=Christian girls targeted and killed in name of love jihad: Kerala's Syro-Malabar church |url=https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2020/01/15/christian-girls-targeted-and-killed-in-name-of-love-jihad-kerala-syro-malabar-church.html |date=15 January 2020 |work=The Week |access-date=30 October 2020 |archive-date=1 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101022754/https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2020/01/15/christian-girls-targeted-and-killed-in-name-of-love-jihad-kerala-syro-malabar-church.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

On 27 September 2020, protests occurred after a young Muslim man attempted to kidnap a 21-year-old Hindu woman near her college campus, and fatally shot her when she resisted. Her family said that he had tried to force her to convert to Islam and marry him.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 October 2020 |title='Love jihad' protests erupt in India after video shows Hindu woman gunned down outside college |newspaper=The Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/faridabad-love-jihad-shooting-video-protests-hindu-muslim-cctv-b1370135.html |access-date=28 October 2020 |archive-date=31 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031135239/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/faridabad-love-jihad-shooting-video-protests-hindu-muslim-cctv-b1370135.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Joseph |first=Alphonse |date=27 October 2020 |title=Faridabad: Family members of deceased woman claims she was 'forced to convert, marry accused' |url=https://www.oneindia.com/india/faridabad-family-members-of-deceased-woman-claims-she-was-forced-to-convert-marry-accused-3168658.html |work=One India |access-date=28 October 2020 |archive-date=29 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029230202/https://www.oneindia.com/india/faridabad-family-members-of-deceased-woman-claims-she-was-forced-to-convert-marry-accused-3168658.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Many BJP-ruled states, such as [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[Haryana]] and [[Karnataka]], then began mulling over laws designed to prevent "forcible conversions" through marriage, commonly referred to as "love jihad" laws.<ref name="Trivedi-2020" /><ref name="Wire Nov 2020" /> In September 2020, Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister [[Yogi Adityanath]] asked his government to come up with a strategy to prevent "religious conversions in the name of love".<ref>{{Cite news |date=18 September 2020 |title=Adityanath govt mulls ordinance against 'love jihad' |work=[[The Economic Times]] |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/adityanath-govt-mulls-ordinance-against-love-jihad/articleshow/78186587.cms |access-date=19 September 2020 |archive-date=27 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027135411/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/adityanath-govt-mulls-ordinance-against-love-jihad/articleshow/78186587.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |agency=PTI |date=18 September 2020 |title=Adityanath govt. mulls ordinance against 'love jihad' -IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/adityanath-govt-mulls-ordinance-against-love-jihad/article32643089.ece |issn=0971-751X |access-date=19 September 2020 |archive-date=20 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920022252/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/adityanath-govt-mulls-ordinance-against-love-jihad/article32643089.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> On 31 October, he announced that a law to curb "love jihad"{{Efn |As of November 2020, "love jihad" is a term not recognised by the Indian legal system.<ref>{{cite news |title=Adityanath Cabinet Approves Ordinance Against 'Love Jihad' |url=https://thewire.in/communalism/adityanath-cabinet-approves-ordinance-against-love-jihad-law |work=The Wire |date=24 November 2020 |access-date=29 December 2020 |archive-date=24 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124140103/https://thewire.in/communalism/adityanath-cabinet-approves-ordinance-against-love-jihad-law |url-status=live }}</ref> |name= |group=}} would be passed by his government. The law in Uttar Pradesh, which also includes provisions against "unlawful religious conversion", declares a marriage null and void if the sole intention was to "change a girl's religion" and both it and the one in Madhya Pradesh imposed sentences of up to 10 years in prison for those who broke the law.<ref>{{Cite news |date=26 November 2020 |title='Love jihad': Madhya Pradesh proposes 10-year jail term in draft bill |work=[[Scroll.in]] |url=https://scroll.in/latest/979497/love-jihad-madhya-pradesh-proposes-10-year-jail-term-in-draft-bill |access-date=27 November 2020 |archive-date=26 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126043801/https://scroll.in/latest/979497/love-jihad-madhya-pradesh-proposes-10-year-jail-term-in-draft-bill |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Seth |first1=Maulshree |date=26 November 2020 |title=UP clears 'love jihad' law: 10-year jail, cancelling marriage if for conversion |work=The Indian Express |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/up-clears-love-jihad-law-10-year-jail-cancelling-marriage-if-for-conversion-7064474/ |access-date=27 November 2020 |archive-date=26 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126095622/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/up-clears-love-jihad-law-10-year-jail-cancelling-marriage-if-for-conversion-7064474/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The ordinance came into effect on 28 November 2020<ref>{{Cite news |date=24 November 2020 |title=Jail term, fine for 'illegal' conversions in Uttar Pradesh -IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/uttar-pradesh-cabinet-clears-ordinance-against-love-jihad/article33170627.ece |issn=0971-751X |access-date=29 December 2020 |archive-date=24 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124211523/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/uttar-pradesh-cabinet-clears-ordinance-against-love-jihad/article33170627.ece |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=28 November 2020 |title=UP Governor Anandiben Patel gives assent to ordinance on 'unlawful conversion' |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/up-governor-anandiben-patel-gives-assent-to-ordinance-on-unlawful-conversion-11606545320071.html |work=Mint |access-date=29 December 2020 |archive-date=28 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128065626/https://www.livemint.com/news/india/up-governor-anandiben-patel-gives-assent-to-ordinance-on-unlawful-conversion-11606545320071.html |url-status=live }}</ref> as the [[Prohibition of Unlawful Religious Conversion Ordinance, 2020 |Prohibition of Unlawful Religious Conversion Ordinance]]. In December 2020, [[Madhya Pradesh]] approved an anti-conversion law similar to the Uttar Pradesh one.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Siddique |first1=Iram |date=27 December 2020 |title=MP 'love jihad' Bill tougher, but limits who can file FIR |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/mp-love-jihad-bill-tougher-but-limits-who-can-file-fir-7121497/ |work=The Indian Express |access-date=13 February 2021 |archive-date=27 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127024435/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/mp-love-jihad-bill-tougher-but-limits-who-can-file-fir-7121497/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=27 December 2020 |title=MP approves 'love Jihad' law; up to 10 years of jail, Rs 1 lakh fine for forced conversion |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/current/economy-politics/mp-approves-love-jihad-law-up-to-10-years-of-jail-rs-1-lakh-fine-for-forced-conversion/story/426144.html |via=[[Business Today (India) |Business Today]] |agency=[[Press Trust of India]] |access-date=13 February 2021 |archive-date=29 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229205609/https://www.businesstoday.in/current/economy-politics/mp-approves-love-jihad-law-up-to-10-years-of-jail-rs-1-lakh-fine-for-forced-conversion/story/426144.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/12/26/another-bjp-governed-indian-state-plans-anti-conversion-law |title=India's Madhya Pradesh state now plans 'love jihad' law |newspaper=Al Jazeera |date=26 December 2020 |access-date=29 December 2020 |archive-date=28 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228134710/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/12/26/another-bjp-governed-indian-state-plans-anti-conversion-law |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/north-and-central/madhya-pradesh-to-take-ordinance-route-to-enforce-anti-conversion-law-932653.html |title=Madhya Pradesh to take ordinance route to enforce anti-conversion law |date=28 December 2020 |work=Deccan Herald |access-date=29 December 2020 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624145022/https://www.deccanherald.com/national/north-and-central/madhya-pradesh-to-take-ordinance-route-to-enforce-anti-conversion-law-932653.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://scroll.in/latest/982365/love-jihad-madhya-pradesh-cabinet-approves-anti-conversion-bill |title='Love jihad': Madhya Pradesh Cabinet approves anti-conversion bill |work=[[Scroll.in]] |access-date=29 December 2020 |archive-date=30 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201230015640/https://scroll.in/latest/982365/love-jihad-madhya-pradesh-cabinet-approves-anti-conversion-bill |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/mp-to-enforce-love-jihad-ordinance/story-5kgxJqx27sK39zmwoNSB5O.html |title=Madhya Pradesh to enforce 'love jihad' ordinance |work=Hindustan Times |date=27 December 2020 |access-date=29 December 2020 |archive-date=28 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228224526/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/mp-to-enforce-love-jihad-ordinance/story-5kgxJqx27sK39zmwoNSB5O.html |url-status=live }}</ref> As of 25 November 2020, Haryana and Karnataka were still in discussion over similar ordinances.<ref name="Trivedi-2020">{{Cite news |title=India's Most Populous State Brings Law to Fight 'Love Jihad' |work=Bloomberg News |date=25 November 2020 |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-11-25/india-s-most-populous-state-brings-law-to-fight-love-jihad |first1=Upmanyu |last1=Trivedi |access-date=25 November 2020 |archive-date=25 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125065307/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-11-25/india-s-most-populous-state-brings-law-to-fight-love-jihad |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Wire Nov 2020">{{Cite news |title=After MP, Haryana Says a Committee Will Draft Anti-'Love Jihad' Law |url=https://thewire.in/communalism/haryana-draft-anti-love-jihad-law |date=18 November 2020 |work=The Wire |access-date=25 November 2020 |archive-date=26 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201126121032/https://thewire.in/communalism/haryana-draft-anti-love-jihad-law |url-status=live }}</ref> In April 2021, the Gujarat Assembly amended the Freedom of Religion Act, 2003, bringing in stringent provisions against forcible conversion through marriage or allurement, with the intention of targeting "love jihad".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Langa |first=Mahesh |date=2021-04-01 |title=Gujarat Assembly passes 'love jihad' law -IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/gujarat-assembly-passes-love-jihad-law/article34217780.ece |issn=0971-751X |access-date=6 June 2021 |archive-date=6 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210606060929/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/gujarat-assembly-passes-love-jihad-law/article34217780.ece |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=2021-04-02 |title=Gujarat passes Bill to stop 'love jihad' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/gujarat-passes-bill-to-stop-love-jihad-7255067/ |work=The Indian Express |access-date=6 June 2021 |archive-date=6 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210606060929/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/gujarat-passes-bill-to-stop-love-jihad-7255067/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
The Karnataka state cabinet also approved an anti-conversion ‘love jihad’ bill, making it a law in December 2021.<ref>{{cite news |title=Karnataka state cabinet approves anti-conversion 'love jihad' bill |url=https://www.siasat.com/karnataka-state-cabinet-approves-anti-conversion-love-jihad-bill-2244826/ |work=[[The Siasat Daily]] |date=20 December 2021 |access-date=30 January 2022 |archive-date=24 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124172815/https://www.siasat.com/karnataka-state-cabinet-approves-anti-conversion-love-jihad-bill-2244826/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Like UP law, Karnataka anti-conversion Bill addresses right wing demands on 'love jihad' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/bangalore/karnataka-anti-coversion-bill-right-wing-love-jihad-7684737/ |work=The Indian Express |date=22 December 2021 |access-date=30 January 2022 |archive-date=23 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123022114/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/bangalore/karnataka-anti-coversion-bill-right-wing-love-jihad-7684737/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The Congress-led government scrapped the law in June 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Karnataka Cabinet decides to repeal anti-conversion law introduced by BJP |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/karnataka-cabinet-decides-to-repeal-anti-conversion-law-introduced-by-bjp-1228018.html |access-date=2024-11-25 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref>

While campaigning for the [[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election]]<ref>{{cite news |title=BJP's 'Love Jihad' Card in the Upcoming Kerala Polls |url=https://thediplomat.com/2021/03/bjps-love-jihad-card-in-the-upcoming-kerala-polls/ |date=March 2021 |work=The Diplomat |access-date=9 April 2021 |archive-date=18 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210318035402/https://thediplomat.com/2021/03/bjps-love-jihad-card-in-the-upcoming-kerala-polls/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=2021-02-27 |title=Will bring in law to prevent 'love jihad' in Kerala if voted to power: BJP |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/will-bring-in-law-to-prevent-love-jihad-in-kerala-if-voted-to-power-bjp-7207570/ |work=The Indian Express |access-date=9 April 2021 |archive-date=18 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210318035056/https://indianexpress.com/article/india/will-bring-in-law-to-prevent-love-jihad-in-kerala-if-voted-to-power-bjp-7207570/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and the [[2021 Assam Legislative Assembly election]],<ref>{{cite news |date=2021-03-27 |title=BJP will tackle 'love jihad', 'land jihad': Amit Shah in Assam |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/amit-shah-love-land-jihad-elections-7246974/ |access-date=2021-05-24 |work=The Indian Express |archive-date=7 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210407125618/https://indianexpress.com/elections/amit-shah-love-land-jihad-elections-7246974/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=2021-03-24 |title=BJP pledges to enact laws on 'Love Jihad' and 'Land Jihad' in Assam |url=https://thenewsmill.com/bjp-pledges-laws-on-love-jihad-land-jihad-in-assam/ |work=The News Mill -US |access-date=9 April 2021 |archive-date=24 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210324143622/https://thenewsmill.com/bjp-pledges-laws-on-love-jihad-land-jihad-in-assam/ |url-status=live }}</ref> the BJP promised that if it won the elections, it would enact a law that would ban "love jihad" in these states.<ref>{{cite news |title=We are not against love but 'jihad', says Narottam Mishra; bats for 'love jihad' law in WB if BJP forms govt |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/west-bengal/article/we-are-not-against-love-but-jihad-says-narotam-mishra-bats-for-love-jihad-law-in-wb-if-bjp-forms-govt/732106 |access-date=2021-06-06 |work=Times Now |archive-date=6 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210606060931/https://www.timesnownews.com/india/west-bengal/article/we-are-not-against-love-but-jihad-says-narotam-mishra-bats-for-love-jihad-law-in-wb-if-bjp-forms-govt/732106 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=2021-03-08 |title=Video: 'Will Bring 'Love Jihad' Law if BJP forms govt in Bengal' says Narottam Mishra |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/video/politics/will-bring-love-jihad-law-if-bjp-forms-govt-in-bengal-says-narottam-mishra-689623 |work=India TV News |access-date=6 June 2021 |archive-date=6 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210606060931/https://www.indiatvnews.com/video/politics/will-bring-love-jihad-law-if-bjp-forms-govt-in-bengal-says-narottam-mishra-689623 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=2021-03-02 |title=TMC 'Ram-Drohi', BJP Will Bring Law Against Love Jihad Once in Power: Yogi Adityanath at Bengal Rally |url=https://www.news18.com/news/politics/tmc-ram-drohi-bjp-law-against-love-jihad-once-in-power-yogi-adityanath-at-bengal-rally-3490469.html |work=News18 |access-date=6 June 2021 |archive-date=6 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210606060929/https://www.news18.com/news/politics/tmc-ram-drohi-bjp-law-against-love-jihad-once-in-power-yogi-adityanath-at-bengal-rally-3490469.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Reliance on tropes==
{{See also|Islamophobic trope}}

The conspiracy theory has been noted for its similarities to other historic hate campaigns and Western Islamophobia.{{refn |name=first |<ref name="George-2020" /><ref name="Gökarıksel-2019" /><ref name="Leidig-2020">{{Cite journal |last=Leidig |first=Eviane |date=26 May 2020 |title=Hindutva as a variant of right-wing extremism |journal=[[Patterns of Prejudice]] |publisher=Taylor & Francis |volume=54 |issue=3 |pages=215–237 |doi=10.1080/0031322X.2020.1759861 |issn=0031-322X |doi-access=free|hdl=10852/84144 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>}}<ref name="Farokhi-2020" /> It features [[Orientalism |Orientalist]] portrayals of Muslims as barbaric and [[hypersexual]],<ref name="Leidig-2020" /> and carries the [[paternalistic]] and [[patriarchal]] notions that Hindu women are passive and victimised, while "any possibility of women exercising their legitimate right to love and their right to choice is ignored".<ref name="Gupta-2009"/>{{refn |name=second |<ref name="Gupta-2009" /><ref name="Farokhi-2020" /><ref name="Udupa-2019" /><ref name="Grewal-2014" /><ref name="Gökarıksel-2019" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ravindran |first=Gopalan |title=Deleuzian and Guattarian Approaches to Contemporary Communication Cultures in India |publisher=[[Springer Publishing]] |year=2020 |isbn=978-981-15-2140-9 |pages=38–39}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Basu |first=Amrita |date=2 October 2018 |title=Whither Democracy, Secularism, and Minority Rights in India? |journal=The Review of Faith & International Affairs |volume=16 |issue=4 |pages=34–46 |doi=10.1080/15570274.2018.1535035 |issn=1557-0274 |doi-access=free}}</ref>}} It has consequently been the cause of [[vigilante]] assaults, murders, and other violent incidents,{{refn |<ref name="Strohl-2018" />{{rp |2 |q=Other right-wing activists use the hysteria surrounding love jihad to file false legal cases and launch vigilante campaigns against women and men in inter-religious relationships.}}<ref name="Udupa-2019" /><ref name="Trivedi-2020" /><ref name="Waikar-2018" /><ref name="Banaji-2018" /><ref name="Ramachandran-2020" /><ref name="Jayal-2019" />}} including the [[2013 Muzaffarnagar riots]].{{refn |name=third |<ref name="George-2016" /><ref name="George-2017" />{{rp |74 |q=The worst riots in India before the 2015 election were in a place called Muzaffarnagar, and subsequent investigations showed that the love jihad narrative had been deliberately stoked up to turn a minor fight into a full-scale riot.}}<ref name="Chandra Pandey-2013">{{cite news |last1=Chandra Pandey |first1=Manish |last2=Pathak |first2=Vikas |date=12 September 2013 |title=Muzaffarnagar: 'Love jihad', beef bogey sparked riot flames |work=Hindustan Times |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/muzaffarnagar-love-jihad-beef-bogey-sparked-riot-flames/article1-1120889.aspx |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140323022044/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/muzaffarnagar-love-jihad-beef-bogey-sparked-riot-flames/article1-1120889.aspx |archive-date=23 March 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>}}

== Official investigations ==
=== India ===
In August 2017, the [[National Investigation Agency]] (NIA) stated that it had found a common "mentor" in some love jihad cases, "a woman associated with the radical group Popular Front of India", in August 2017.<ref>{{cite news |date=28 August 2017 |title=NIA finds a common mentor in Kerala 'love jihad' cases |newspaper=The Times of India |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/nia-finds-a-common-mentor-in-kerala-love-jihad-cases/articleshow/60250975.cms |access-date=10 September 2017 |archive-date=11 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190811143253/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/nia-finds-a-common-mentor-in-kerala-love-jihad-cases/articleshow/60250975.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> According to a later article in ''[[The Economist]]'', "Repeated police investigations have failed to find evidence of any organised plan of conversion. Reporters have repeatedly exposed claims of 'love jihad' as at best fevered fantasies and at worst, deliberate election-time inventions".<ref name="veconomist">{{cite news |date=30 September 2017 |title=India is working itself into a frenzy about interfaith marriages |newspaper=[[The Economist]] |url=https://www.economist.com/news/asia/21729806-hindu-nationalists-warn-muslim-plot-seduce-hindu-women-india-working-itself-frenzy |access-date=30 September 2017 |archive-date=15 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180215011632/https://www.economist.com/news/asia/21729806-hindu-nationalists-warn-muslim-plot-seduce-hindu-women-india-working-itself-frenzy |url-status=live }}</ref> According to the same report, the common theme regarding many claims of "love jihad" has been the frenzied objection to an interfaith marriage while "Indian law erects no barriers to marriages between faiths, or against conversion by willing and informed consent. Yet the idea still sticks, even when the supposed 'victims' dismiss it as nonsense".<ref name="veconomist" />

In 2022, the [[Observer Research Foundation]] and Indian government stated that no more than 100-200 Indians had joined Islamic State, a figure so low that one researcher remarked that "academics and experts often ask the question ‘What had prevented Indian Muslims from joining the Islamic State?'".<ref name="Alt News-2022">{{Cite web |date=2022-11-08 |title='32000 Kerala women in ISIS': Misquotes, flawed math, imaginary figures behind filmmaker's claim |url=https://www.altnews.in/32000-kerala-women-in-isis-misquotes-flawed-math-imaginary-figures-behind-filmmakers-claim/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221203221700/https://www.altnews.in/32000-kerala-women-in-isis-misquotes-flawed-math-imaginary-figures-behind-filmmakers-claim/ |archive-date=3 December 2022 |access-date=2 December 2022 |website=Alt News |language=en-GB}}</ref>

==== Karnataka ====
In October 2009, the Karnataka government announced its intention to counter "love jihad", which "appeared to be a serious issue".<ref>{{cite news |title=Karnataka to take steps to counter 'Love Jihad' movement |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/31814/karnataka-take-steps-counter-love.html |work=Deccan Herald |date=22 October 2009 |access-date=16 February 2010 |archive-date=26 October 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091026175629/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/31814/karnataka-take-steps-counter-love.html |url-status=live }}</ref> A week after the announcement, the government ordered a probe into the situation by the [[Criminal Investigation Department (India) |CID]] to determine if an organised effort existed to convert these girls and, if so, by whom it was being funded.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bangalore/Govt-directs-CID-to-probe-love-jihad/articleshow/5166639.cms?referral=PM |title=Govt directs CID to probe 'love jihad' |work=The Times of India |date=27 October 2009 |access-date=18 April 2014 |archive-date=30 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130123742/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bangalore/Govt-directs-CID-to-probe-love-jihad/articleshow/5166639.cms?referral=PM |url-status=live }}</ref> One woman, whose conversion to Islam came under scrutiny as a result of the probe, was temporarily ordered to the custody of her parents, but eventually was permitted to return to her new husband after she appeared in court, denying pressure to convert.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bangalore/Love-jihad-HC-orders-thorough-probe-by-DGP/articleshow/5146769.cms?referral=PM |title=Love jihad: HC orders thorough probe by DGP |work=The Times of India |date=22 October 2009 |access-date=18 April 2014 |archive-date=30 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130123743/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bangalore/Love-jihad-HC-orders-thorough-probe-by-DGP/articleshow/5146769.cms?referral=PM |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/uncategorized/woman-denies-love-jihad-court-lets-her-to-go-with-lover_100274297.html |title=Woman denies 'love jihad', court lets her to go with lover |newspaper=Thaindian News |date=13 November 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102221900/http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/uncategorized/woman-denies-love-jihad-court-lets-her-to-go-with-lover_100274297.html |archive-date=2 November 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In April 2010, police used the term to characterize the alleged kidnapping, forced conversion and marriage of a 17-year-old college girl in [[Mysore]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mysore/Love-Jihad-girl-rescued/articleshow/5767968.cms?referral=PM |title=Love Jihad: girl rescued |work=The Times of India |date=6 April 2010 |access-date=18 April 2014 |archive-date=22 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822190328/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mysore/Love-Jihad-girl-rescued/articleshow/5767968.cms?referral=PM |url-status=live }}</ref>

In late 2009, The Karnataka [[Crime Investigation Department (India) |CID]] (Criminal Investigation Department) reported that although it was continuing to investigate, it had found no evidence that a "love jihad" existed.<ref name="thehindu_2009-11-13">{{Cite news
|date=13 November 2009
|title=Karnataka CID finds no evidence of 'Love Jihad'
|newspaper=The Hindu
|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/article47922.ece
|access-date=26 June 2013
|archive-date=3 November 2013
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103130212/http://www.thehindu.com/news/article47922.ece
|url-status=live
}}</ref> In late 2009, [[Director general of police]] Jacob Punnoose reported that although the investigation would continue, there was no evidence of any organised attempt by any group or individual using men "feigning love" to lure women to convert to Islam.<ref name="thehindu_2009-11-13" /><ref name="deccanherald_2009-11-11">{{cite news |title=Kerala police have no proof on 'Love Jihad' |newspaper=Deccan Herald |date=11 November 2009 |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/35486/kerala-police-have-no-proof.html |access-date=2 October 2010 |archive-date=14 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180914070452/https://www.deccanherald.com/content/35486/kerala-police-have-no-proof.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Investigators did indicate that many Hindu girls had converted to Islam of their own will.<ref name="thehindu_2010-04-23">{{Cite news |date=23 April 2010 |title=No love jihad movement in State' |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/lsquoNo-love-jihad-movement-in-State/article16024518.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180914070453/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/lsquoNo-love-jihad-movement-in-State/article16024518.ece |archive-date=14 September 2018 |access-date=16 August 2017 |newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref> In early 2010, the [[State Government of Karnataka |State Government]] reported to the [[Karnataka High Court]] that, although many young Hindu women had converted to Islam, there was no organised attempt to convince them to do so.<ref name="thehindu_2010-04-23" /> According to ''[[The Indian Express]]'', Justice [[K. T. Sankaran]]'s conclusion that "such incidents under the pretext of love were rampant in certain parts of the state" ran contrary to Central and state government reports.<ref name="check">{{cite news |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/hc-calls-for-law-to-check--love-jehad-/552275 |title=HC calls for law to check 'love jehad' |date=10 December 2009 |work=The Indian Express |access-date=18 April 2014 |archive-date=19 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419020309/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/hc-calls-for-law-to-check--love-jehad-/552275 |url-status=live }}</ref> A petition was also put before Sankaran to prevent the use of the terms "love jihad" and "romeo jihad", but Sankaran declined to overrule an earlier decision not to restrain media usage.<ref name="check" /> Subsequently, the High Court [[Stay of proceedings |stayed]] further police investigation, both because no organised efforts had been disclosed by police probes and because the investigation was specifically targeted against a single community.<ref name="Padanna-2012">{{cite news |url=http://gulftoday.ae/portal/9af0ebf3-d10f-4592-bd7e-9a0dc0d37bc6.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211064437/http://gulftoday.ae/portal/9af0ebf3-d10f-4592-bd7e-9a0dc0d37bc6.aspx |archive-date=11 December 2013 |title=Kerala police probe crack 'love jihad' myth |work=[[The Gulf Today]] |first=Ashraf |last=Padanna |date=4 January 2012}}</ref><ref name="ibnlive">{{cite news |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/kerala-cops-fail-to-establish-love-jihad-conspiracy/107581-3.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121006062249/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/kerala-cops-fail-to-establish-love-jihad-conspiracy/107581-3.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=6 October 2012 |title=Kerala cops fail to establish 'love jihad' conspiracy |newspaper=CNN-IBN |date=23 December 2009 }}</ref>

==== Kerala ====
Following the launching of a poster campaign in [[Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala]], purportedly by the organisation Shri Ram Sena, state police began investigating the presence of that organisation in the area.<ref name="Babu Thomas-2009" /> In late October 2009, police addressed the question of "love jihad" itself, indicating that while they had not located an organisation called "Love Jihad", "there are reasons to suspect 'concentrated attempts' to persuade girls to convert to Islam after they fall in love with Muslim boys".<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/31958/no-love-jihad-kerala.html |title=No 'Love Jihad' in Kerala |work=Deccan Herald |date=21 May 2013 |access-date=16 February 2010 |archive-date=11 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211030946/http://www.deccanherald.com/content/31958/no-love-jihad-kerala.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Indian Express">{{cite news |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/kerala-hc-wants-probe-into-love-jihad/523630/2 |title=Kerala HC wants probe into 'love jihad' |work=The Indian Express |access-date=18 April 2014 |archive-date=19 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419020847/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/kerala-hc-wants-probe-into-love-jihad/523630/2 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In November 2009, Director general of police [[Jacob Punnoose]] stated there was no organisation whose members lured girls in Kerala by feigning love with the intention of converting. He told the Kerala High Court that three out of 18 reports he received questioned the tendency. However, in absence of solid proof, the investigations were still continuing.<ref name="deccanherald_2009-11-11" /> In December 2009, Justice K.T. Sankaran, who had refused to accept Punnoose's report, concluded from a case diary that there were indications of forceful conversions and stated it was clear from police reports there was a "concerted effort" to convert women with "blessings of some outfits". The court, while hearing the bail plea of two individuals accused in "love jihad" cases, stated that there had been 3,000-4,000 such conversions in the past four years.<ref name="Stop" /> The Kerala High Court in December 2009 stayed investigations in the case, granting relief to the two accused, though it criticised the police investigation.<ref>[http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-love-jihad-kerala-high-court-stays-police-investigation-1324828 'Love jihad': Kerala high court stays police investigation] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171226224757/http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-love-jihad-kerala-high-court-stays-police-investigation-1324828 |date=26 December 2017 }} DNA News</ref> The investigation was closed by Justice M. Sasidharan Nambiar following Punnoose's statements that no conclusive evidence could be found for the existence of "love jihad".<ref name="Padanna-2012" />

On 9 December 2009, Justice K T Sankaran for the Kerala High Court weighed in on the matter while hearing bail for a Muslim youth arrested for allegedly forcibly converting two female students. According to Sankaran, police reports revealed the "blessings of some outfits" for a "concerted" effort for religious conversions, some 3,000 to 4,000 incidences of which had taken place after love affairs within a four-year period.<ref name="Stop">{{cite news |title=Kerala HC asks govt to frame laws to stop 'love jihad' |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2009-12-10/news/28410696_1_love-jihad-religious-conversions-religions |work=[[The Economic Times]] |date=10 December 2009 |access-date=18 April 2014 |archive-date=11 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131211061729/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2009-12-10/news/28410696_1_love-jihad-religious-conversions-religions |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sankaran "found indications of 'forceful' religious conversions under the garb of 'love'", suggesting that "such 'deceptive' acts" might require legislative intervention to prevent them.<ref name="Stop" />

In January 2012, Kerala police declared that "love jihad" was "[a] campaign with no substance", bringing legal proceedings instead against the website hindujagruti.org for "spreading [[religious hatred]] and false propaganda".<ref name="Padanna-2012" /> In 2012, after two years of investigation into the alleged "love jihad", [[Kerala Police]] declared it as a "campaign with no substance". Subsequently, a case was initiated against the hindujagruti website, where counterfeit posters of Muslim organisations offering money to Muslim youths for luring and trapping women were found.<ref name="Padanna-2012" />

In 2017, after the Kerala High Court had ruled that a marriage of a Hindu woman to a Muslim man was invalid on the basis of"'love jihad", and an appeal was filed in the Supreme Court of India by the Muslim husband. The court, based on the "unbiased and independent" evidence requested by the court from the NIA, instructed the NIA to investigate all similar cases to establish whether there was any "love jihad". It allowed the NIA to explore all similar suspicious cases to find whether banned organisations, such as [[Students Islamic Movement of India |SIMI]], were preying on vulnerable Hindu women to recruit them as terrorists.<ref name="lovewar1">[http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/supreme-court-asks-nia-to-examine-kerala-love-jihad-cites-blue-whale-1738417 "Top Counter-Terror Agency, NIA, To Probe Kerala 'Love Jihad' Marriage."] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904052610/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/supreme-court-asks-nia-to-examine-kerala-love-jihad-cites-blue-whale-1738417 |date=4 September 2019 }}, [[NDTV]], 16 August 2017.</ref><ref name="lovewar2">[http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/60089937.cms "NIA probe on 'love jihad' may cover all suspicious cases."] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190416165534/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/60089937.cms |date=16 April 2019 }}, [[The Economic Times]], 16 August 2017.</ref><ref name="ToI04082017"/><ref name="lovewar4">[https://in.news.yahoo.com/kerala-apos-love-jihad-apos-100217357.html "Kerala 'Love Jihad' Case: NIA to Assess Ramifications on National Security."] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816235920/https://in.news.yahoo.com/kerala-apos-love-jihad-apos-100217357.html |date=16 August 2017}}, CNN News18, 10 August 2017.</ref> The NIA had earlier submitted before the court that the case was not an "isolated" incident and it had detected a pattern emerging in the state, stating that another case involved the same individuals who had previously acted as instigators.<ref name="Rajagopal-2017" /> In 2018, the NIA concluded its probe, after investigating 11 interfaith marriages in Kerala without finding proof of coercion, and an NIA official concluded that "we didn't find any prosecutable evidence to bring formal charges against these persons under any of the scheduled offences of the NIA", adding that "Conversion is not a crime in Kerala and also helping these men and women convert is also within the ambit of the [[Constitution of India |constitution of the country]]".<ref name="Ahuja-2018" />

In 2021, Kerala Chief Minister [[Pinarayi Vijayan]] stated that "no complaints or clear information were received regarding forced conversion", and that, of the data available to the ministry, "none of the figures validate the propaganda that girls are being lured into conversion and terrorist organizations".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://keralakaumudi.com/en/news/news.php?id=646343&u=100-malayalis-joined-isis-all-except-six-born-into-muslim-community-says-cm-vijayan-646343 |title=100 Malayalis joined ISIS, all except six born into Muslim community, says CM Vijayan |work=Kaumudi |access-date=26 May 2023 |archive-date=3 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503052308/https://keralakaumudi.com/en/news/news.php?id=646343&u=100-malayalis-joined-isis-all-except-six-born-into-muslim-community-says-cm-vijayan-646343 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== Uttar Pradesh ====
In September 2014, following the resurgence of national attention,<ref name="IT Sep 2012" /> ''Reuters'' reported that police in Uttar Pradesh had found no credence in the five or six recent allegations of "love jihad" that had been brought before them, with state police chief A.L. Banerjee stating that, "In most cases we found that a Hindu girl and Muslim boy were in love and had married against their parents' will".<ref name="Nair-2014" /> The police stated that occasional cases of trickery by dishonest men are not evidence of a broader conspiracy.<ref name="Nair-2014" />

That same month, the [[Allahabad High Court]] gave the government and election commission of Uttar Pradesh ten days to respond to a petition to restrain the use of the word "love jihad" and to take action against Yogi Adityanath.<ref name="Mahanta-2014">{{Cite news |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2014/09/04/indias-fake-love-jihad/ |title=India's Fake 'Love Jihad' |first=Siddhartha |last=Mahanta |date=5 September 2014 |work=[[Foreign Policy]] |access-date=8 March 2017 |archive-date=1 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401230837/https://foreignpolicy.com/2014/09/04/indias-fake-love-jihad/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="IndiaTV Sep 2014">{{Cite news |author=PTI |title=Love Jihad: High Court asks UP govt, EC to file response |date=4 September 2014 |work=India TV |url=http://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/love-jihad-high-court-up-govt-ec-pil-yogi-adityanath-41383.html |access-date=6 September 2014 |archive-date=7 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907031345/http://www.indiatvnews.com/news/india/love-jihad-high-court-up-govt-ec-pil-yogi-adityanath-41383.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-love-jihad-row-allahabad-high-court-issues-notice-to-centre-uttar-pradesh-government-2016143 |title='Love-jihad' row: Allahabad High Court issues notice to Centre, Uttar Pradesh government |date=4 September 2014 |work=Daily News and Analysis |access-date=6 September 2014 |archive-date=6 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906223818/http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-love-jihad-row-allahabad-high-court-issues-notice-to-centre-uttar-pradesh-government-2016143 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== United Kingdom ===
In 2018, a report by the fundamentalist Sikh activist organisation, ''Sikh Youth UK'', entitled "The Religiously Aggravated Sexual Exploitation of Young Sikh Women Across the UK" (RASE report) made similar allegations of Muslim men targeting Sikh girls for the purposes of conversion.<ref>{{cite news |last=Layton |first=Josh |date=2018-12-03 |title=Sikh girls 'abused by grooming gangs for decades' |url=https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/sikh-girls-abused-grooming-gangs-15492360 |work=BirminghamLive |access-date=7 March 2021 |archive-date=11 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210311211229/https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/sikh-girls-abused-grooming-gangs-15492360 |url-status=live }}</ref> The report was severely criticised in 2019 by academic researchers and an official [[British government]] report, led by two Sikh academics, for false and misleading information.<ref name="Cockbain-2020">{{Cite journal |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0306396819895727 |doi=10.1177/0306396819895727 |title=Failing victims, fuelling hate: Challenging the harms of the 'Muslim grooming gangs' narrative |year=2020 |last1=Cockbain |first1=Ella |last2=Tufail |first2=Waqas |journal=Race & Class |volume=61 |issue=3 |pages=3–32 |s2cid=214197388 |access-date=7 March 2021 |archive-date=8 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308203535/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0306396819895727 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Jagbir Jhutti">Jagbir Jhutti-Johal; Sunny Hundal (August 2019). ''[https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/841033/the-changing-nature-of-activism-among-sikhs-in-the-uk-today-221019.pdf The changing nature of activism among Sikhs in the UK today]''. The Commission For Countering Extremism. University of Birmingham. p. 15. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20200217022921/https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/841033/the-changing-nature-of-activism-among-sikhs-in-the-uk-today-221019.pdf WayBackMachine Link]''. Retrieved 17 February 2020.</ref> It noted: ''"The RASE report lacks solid data, methodological transparency and rigour. It is filled instead with sweeping generalisations and poorly substantiated claims around the nature and scale of abuse of Sikh girls and causal factors driving it. It appealed heavily to historical tensions between Sikhs and Muslims and narratives of honour in a way that seemed designed to whip up fear and hate"''.<ref name="Jagbir Jhutti" />

Previously, in 2011, Sikh academic Katy Sian had conducted research into the matter, exploring how "forced conversion narratives" arose within the [[Sikh diaspora]] in the United Kingdom and why they became so widespread.<ref name="Sian-2011">{{cite journal |title='Forced' conversions in the British Sikh diaspora |first=Katy P. |last=Sian |date=6 July 2011 |journal=South Asian Popular Culture |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=115–130 |doi=10.1080/14746681003798060 |s2cid=54174845 |url=https://pure.manchester.ac.uk/ws/files/22953295/POST-PEER-REVIEW-PUBLISHERS.PDF |access-date=26 June 2022 |archive-date=11 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220711063451/https://pure.manchester.ac.uk/ws/files/22953295/POST-PEER-REVIEW-PUBLISHERS.PDF |url-status=live }}</ref> Sian, who reports that claims of conversion through courtship on campuses are widespread in the UK, says that rather than relying on actual evidence, the Sikh community primarily rest their beliefs on the word of "a friend of a friend" or personal [[anecdote]]s. According to Sian, the narrative is similar to 19th-century [[antisemitism|antisemitic]] accusations of "[[white slavery]]" made in the West against Jews, mirroring the [[Islamophobia]] displayed by the modern narrative. Sian expanded on these views in her 2013 book, ''Mistaken Identities, Forced Conversions, and Postcolonial Formations''.<ref name="Katy P. Sian-2013">{{cite book |author=Katy P. Sian |title=Unsettling Sikh and Muslim Conflict: Mistaken Identities, Forced Conversions, and Postcolonial Formations |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-9AZ2atcd-kC&pg=PA127 |date=4 April 2013 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-0-7391-7874-4 |pages=55–71 |access-date=7 March 2021 |archive-date=19 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240419133357/https://books.google.com/books?id=-9AZ2atcd-kC&pg=PA127#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref>

In response to a flurry of sensational news stories on the subject, ten Hindu academics in the UK signed an [[open letter]] wherein they argued that claims of British Hindu and Sikh girls being forcefully converted were "part of an arsenal of myths propagated by right-wing [[Hindutva|Hindu supremacist organisations]] in India".<ref>{{cite news |last=Hundal |first=Sunny |title=Where is the Hindu Forum's evidence? |url=http://www.pickledpolitics.com/archives/1045 |newspaper=Pickled Politics |date=13 March 2007 |quote= :Dear Ian Blair, :As academics teaching at British universities, we are disturbed by your recent announcement reported in the Daily Mail (22 February), Metro (23 February) and elsewhere, that the police and universities are working together to target extremist Muslims who force vulnerable teenage Hindu and Sikh girls to convert to Islam. Your statements appear to have been made on the basis of claims by the Hindu Forum of Britain who have not presented any evidence that such forced conversions are taking place. In fact the notion of forced conversions of young Hindu women to Islam is part of an arsenal of myths propagated by right-wing Hindu supremacist organisations in India and used to incite violence against minorities. For example, inflammatory leaflets referring to such conversions were in circulation before the massacres of the Muslim minority in Gujarat exactly five years ago which left approximately 2,000 dead and over 200,000 displaced :In our view, it is highly irresponsible to treat such allegations at face value or as representative of the views of Hindus in general. While we would condemn any type of pressure on young women to conform to religious beliefs or practices (whether of their own community or another) we can only see statements such as yours as contributing to the further stigmatising of the Muslim community as a whole and as a pretext for further assaults on civil liberties in Britain. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029192236/http://www.pickledpolitics.com/archives/1045 |archive-date=29 October 2013}}</ref> The [[Muslim Council of Britain]] issued a press release pointing out there was a lack of evidence of any forced conversions, and suggested it was an underhanded attempt to smear the British Muslim population.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mcb.org.uk/media/presstext.php?ann_id=242 |title=MCB Calls For Evidence Of Alleged 'Forced Conversions' |access-date=26 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123171030/http://www.mcb.org.uk/media/presstext.php?ann_id=242 |archive-date=23 January 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== "Reverse" love jihad ==
{{See also|Bahu Lao, Beti Bachao}}
In response to the purported conspiracy of love jihad, affiliates of the [[Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh]] have stated that they have launched a ''Reverse Love Jihad'' campaign to marry Hindu men with Muslim women.<ref>{{cite news |title=RSS affiliate plans to marry 2,100 Muslim women to Hindu men from next week |url=https://scroll.in/latest/859907/rss-affiliate-plans-to-marry-2100-muslim-women-to-hindu-men-from-next-week |access-date=2021-05-24 |work=[[Scroll.in]] -US |archive-date=20 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420192452/https://scroll.in/latest/859907/rss-affiliate-plans-to-marry-2100-muslim-women-to-hindu-men-from-next-week |url-status=live }}</ref> Cases related to the campaign were reported from various parts of [[Uttar Pradesh]] (U.P.), where rape and abduction of Muslim women have taken place. The perpetrators of these incidents are alleged to be the members of these affiliates who are being rewarded by the affiliates for their activities. Between 2014 and October 2016, 389 cases of underage girls missing or kidnapped were registered by the police in [[Kushinagar district]], and a similar trend was found in a number of districts in eastern Uttar Pradesh, in areas with high communal tensions.<ref name="Desai-2017">{{cite news |last=Desai |first=Shweta |date=2017-01-09 |title=Reverse love jihad surfaces in UP |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-reverse-love-jihad-surfaces-in-up-2290453 |work=DNA India |access-date=20 April 2021 |archive-date=20 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210420192453/https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-reverse-love-jihad-surfaces-in-up-2290453 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Malik |first=Shahnawaz Ahmed |date=2020-03-01 |title=Love Jihad: Victimization of Women through Media; Violation of their Basic Human Rights |url=https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3576061 |location=Rochester, NY |doi=10.2139/ssrn.3576061 |ssrn=3576061 |s2cid=236797666 |journal=SSRN |access-date=24 May 2021 |archive-date=24 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624145043/https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3576061 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref>

The term ''Reverse Love Jihad'' has also been used by the [[Bajrang Dal]] to refer to the Love Jihad conspiracy theory where the purported victim is a Hindu man being "lured" to Islam with the prospects of a job and marriage to a Muslim woman.<ref>{{cite news |last=Rana |first=Uday Singh |date=2018-04-26 |title=In Poll-bound Kairana, Bajrang Dal Peddles New Theory – 'Reverse Love Jihad' |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/in-poll-bound-kairana-bajrang-dal-peddles-new-theory-reverse-love-jihad-1730339.html |work=News18 |archive-date=13 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613085559/https://www.news18.com/news/india/in-poll-bound-kairana-bajrang-dal-peddles-new-theory-reverse-love-jihad-1730339.html}}</ref>

[[Love Jihad cases]]

The Bhagwa Love Trap conspiracy theory, which alleges that Hindu men lure Muslim women into relationships with the intention of converting them to Hinduism, has been popularised on social media.<ref name="Khan-2023">{{cite web | last=Khan | first=Fatima | title=Muslim Women Seen with Hindu Men Harassed, Doxed - All In the Name of 'Bhagwa Love Trap' | website=TheQuint | date=31 May 2023 | url=https://www.thequint.com/news/india/muslim-woman-harassed-doxed-by-muslim-men-bhagwa-love-trap | access-date=2 June 2023 | archive-date=1 June 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601172043/https://www.thequint.com/news/india/muslim-woman-harassed-doxed-by-muslim-men-bhagwa-love-trap | url-status=live }}</ref>

==See also==
* ''[[The Kerala Story]]''
* [[Hindutva pseudohistory]]
* [[Anti-mosque campaigning in India]]
* [[Violence against Muslims in India]]
* [[White genocide conspiracy theory]]
* [[Great replacement conspiracy theory]]
* [[Uttar Pradesh Prohibition of Unlawful Conversion of Religion Act, 2021]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite journal |last1=Amarasingam |first1=A. |last2=Umar |first2=S. |last3=Desai |first3=S. |title=Fight, Die, and If Required Kill": Hindu Nationalism, Misinformation, and Islamophobia in India |journal=Religions |date=2022 |volume=13 |issue=5 |pages=380 |doi=10.3390/rel13050380 |doi-access=free }}

== External links ==
* {{wikiquote inline}}

{{Conspiracy theories}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Islam in Kerala]]
[[Category:Religion in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Religion in Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:Islamophobia in India]]
[[Category:Islamophobia in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Islamophobia in Myanmar]]
[[Category:Fake news in India]]
[[Category:Love jihad conspiracy theory| ]]
[[Category:Religious conversion in India]]
[[Category:Hindutva]]

India's Got Latent

2026-06-27T08:47:21Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

{{Short description|Indian stand-up comedy show}}
{{Infobox television
| image = India's Got Latent logo.jpg
| genre = {{plainlist|
* [[Stand-up comedy]]
* [[Reality television|Reality]]
* [[Talent show]]
* [[Variety show]]
}}
| creator =
| inspired_by = ''[[Kill Tony]]'' ''[[Got Talent]]''
| presenter = [[Samay Raina]]
| judges =
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| editor = Pratham Sagar
| camera = Multi-camera
| runtime = 43–67 minutes 36–54 minutes (Bonus episodes)
| company = Perception Media
| network = [[YouTube]] [[Netflix]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|df=y|2024|06|14}}
| last_aired = present
| num_seasons = 2
| num_episodes = 13 (+6 Bonus episodes)
| location = The Habitat ([[Mumbai, Maharashtra]])
}}

'''''India's Got Latent''''' is an Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[talent show]] hosted by [[Samay Raina]] on [[YouTube]] and [[Netflix]] since 2024. Inspired by the international ''[[Got Talent]]'' franchise and ''[[Kill Tony]],'' it features a wide variety of acts including singing, dancing, magic, and comedy.<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://trakt.tv/shows/india-s-got-latent-2024 |title=India's Got Latent |access-date=10 November 2024 |via=trakt.tv}}</ref> The show was initially called off by Raina and all episodes were made private on YouTube on February 12, 2025 after a controversy sparked over some [[Obscenity|obscene]] comments made by podcaster [[Ranveer Allahbadia]]. The show later returned for a second season in June 2026, streaming simultaneously on both platforms.

== History ==
''India's Got Latent'' was launched on June 14, 2024 by Samay Raina on his YouTube channel.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sanzgiri |first=Shantanu |date=25 June 2024 |title='I Want To Level Up': Samay Raina On His Latest Project 'India's Got Latent' & Pushing The Envelope With His Comedy - DeadAnt |url=https://deadant.co/i-want-to-level-up-samay-raina-on-his-latest-project-indias-got-latent-pushing-the-envelope-with-his-comedy/ |access-date=19 October 2024 |website=deadant.co |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=Aakash |date=2 October 2024 |title=India's Got Latent Episode 7 Release Date: When & Where To Watch Samay Raina Show New Episode Online? |url=https://www.filmibeat.com/bollywood/viral/2024/india-s-got-latent-episode-7-release-date-platform-when-where-watch-samay-raina-full-episode-youtube-421067.html |access-date=1 November 2024 |website=filmibeat.com}}</ref> Raina also launched an ''India's Got Latent'' app on iOS and Android.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-08 |title=Comedian Samay Raina launches India's Got Latent app, reaches top of the charts on Apple App Store and Google Play Store |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/technology/news/story/comedian-samay-raina-launches-indias-got-latent-app-reaches-top-of-the-charts-on-apple-app-store-and-google-play-store-459966-2025-01-08 |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=Business Today |language=en}}</ref> The show and all its episodes were made private from YouTube on February 12, 2025, after a controversy sparked over alleged derogatory comments made by Ranveer Allahbadia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Comedian Deletes All 'India's Got Latent' Videos Amid Ranveer Allahbadia Row |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/comedian-samay-raina-removes-indias-got-latent-videos-amid-row-7695509 |access-date=2025-02-12 |website=www.ndtv.com |language=en}}</ref> In November 2025, Raina revealed that he was planning to renew the show for a second season, almost four months after clips of the episodes resurfaced on YouTube through a different channel.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-11-09 |title=India’s Got Latent season 2: Samay Raina drops big hint; Says. 'Show toh main wapas launga' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/web-series/news/hindi/indias-got-latent-season-2-samay-raina-drops-big-hint-says-show-toh-main-wapas-launga/articleshow/125199345.cms |access-date=2026-02-20 |work=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Shweta |title=Is Samay Raina’s 'India’s Got Latent' set to make its comeback with season 2? Here’s what we know |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/viral/report-is-samay-raina-s-india-s-got-latent-set-to-make-its-comeback-with-season-2-here-s-what-we-know-3187422 |access-date=2026-02-20 |website=[[Daily News and Analysis|DNA India]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-06-23 |title=Samay Raina's Latent show returns on YouTube after row, fans ask for new content |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/entertainment/story/samay-raina-indias-got-latent-show-returns-to-youtube-on-different-channel-after-row-fans-want-new-content-2744769-2025-06-23 |access-date=2026-02-20 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref>

In April 2026, he released a stand-up special on YouTube, titled ''Still Alive'', where he remarked that "his show's first season couldn't have ended on a higher note" and revealed that a second season of the show was in the works.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2026-04-08|title=India’s Got Latent Season 2 release announced? Samay Raina shares big update about his controversial comedy show. Here is what he said|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/indias-got-latent-season-2-release-announced-samay-raina-shares-big-update-about-his-controversial-comedy-show-here-is-what-he-said/articleshow/130097208.cms?from=mdr|access-date=2026-04-08|work=[[The Economic Times]]|issn=0013-0389}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2026-04-08|title=Samay Raina confirms ‘India’s Got Latent 2’; Opens up about controversy in stand-up special ‘Still Alive’|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/samay-raina-confirms-indias-got-latent-2-opens-up-about-controversy-in-stand-up-special-still-alive/articleshow/130108143.cms|access-date=2026-04-08|work=[[The Times of India]]|issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

On June 20, 2026, the show officially returned for a second season, featuring a historic dual-platform simulcast on both Netflix and YouTube. New episodes are released biweekly. In response to the extensive legal scrutiny from the first season, the second season incorporated an 11-member legal team in its production credits to oversee content compliance.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-26 |title=Samay Raina's India's Got Latent Season 2 Returns With 11-Member Legal Team After Last Year's FIR Controversy |url=https://lawbeat.in/amp/news-updates/samay-rainas-indias-got-latent-season-2-returns-with-11-member-legal-team-after-last-years-fir-controversy-1606132 |access-date=2026-06-27 |website=LawBeat |language=en}}</ref> The season premiere featured actors [[Alia Bhatt]] and [[Sharvari Wagh]] as guest judges to promote their film ''Alpha''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-20 |title=Samay Raina's India’s Got Latent Season 2 kicks off with Alia Bhatt, Sharvari — and a surprise Donald Trump win |url=https://www.livemint.com/entertainment/samay-rainas-india-s-got-latent-season-2-kicks-off-with-alia-bhatt-sharvari-and-a-surprise-donald-trump-winsamay-ra-11781967679121.html |access-date=2026-06-27 |website=Livemint |language=en}}</ref>

== Format ==
The format of ''India's Got Latent'' follows a similar structure to other shows in the ''[[Got Talent]]'' franchise and that of ''[[Kill Tony]]''. Contestants perform in front of a panel of judges, who evaluate their acts.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India's Got Latent (2024) - Comedy Show by Samay Raina {{!}} BrownPant |url=https://brownpant.com/shows/indias-got-latent/ |access-date=10 November 2024 |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Auditions ===
The show begins with a nationwide audition process, where contestants from various cities and towns upload their clip online while performing an act and is reviewed by the selection committee before getting called to the show for stage performance.

=== Winner mechanism ===
The unique aspect of ''India's Got Latent'' is its contestant rating system. Before each performance, contestants have to rate themselves. If the average rating given by the judge panel after the performance matches the contestant's self-rating, the contestant wins.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bhatia |first=Yash |title=From Spinny to POP: Brands embrace Samay Raina's 'India's Got Latent' |url=https://www.afaqs.com/news/influencer-marketing/from-spinny-to-pop-brands-embrace-samay-rainas-indias-got-latent-7372000 |access-date=1 November 2024 |website=www.afaqs.com |language=en}}</ref>

=== Broadcast ===
Starting with the second season, episodes are broadcast simultaneously on both YouTube and Netflix. The content remains identical on both platforms; however, the Netflix release is ad-free without a comment section, while the YouTube release includes advertisements and viewer comments.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-21 |title=India's Got Latent Season 2 Episode 1 review |url=https://m.economictimes.com/magazines/panache/indias-got-latent-season-2-episode-1-review-netizens-call-samay-rainas-show-heavily-scripted-not-alia-bhatt-or-sharvari-donald-trump-mimicker-steals-the-show/articleshow/131885465.cms |access-date=2026-06-27 |website=The Economic Times |language=en}}</ref>

== Judges and hosts ==
The judging panel typically consists of celebrities from the Indian entertainment industry. Each judge provides feedback on the performances, while the host interacts with contestants and the audience.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Paul |first=Iraa |date=12 November 2024 |title=Who is Samay Raina? Standup comedian making waves because of India's Got Latent |url=https://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/celebs/who-is-samay-raina-standup-comedian-making-waves-because-of-indiaa-got-latent-645730.html |website=Indiatimes |access-date=12 November 2024}}</ref>

{{columns-list|{{legend|#FF87C3|Host}}{{legend|#FFC6C6|Guest Host}}{{legend|#90EE90|Judge}}{{legend|#DAEBFF|Guest Judge}}|colwidth=20em}}

=== Season 1 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders collapsible mw-collapsible nowrap" style="text-align:center; font-size:100%"
! rowspan="3" scope="col" | Cast member
! colspan="18" scope="col" style="text-align:center" | Season 1 (2024)
! rowspan="3" |Ref.
|-
! colspan="18" | Episode
|-
! 1 !! 1+ !! 2 !! 2+ !! 3
!3+!! 4
!4+!! 5
!5+!! 6
!6+!! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! 10
!11
!12
|-
| [[Samay Raina]] || colspan="18" style="background:#FF87C3" | ●
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| Balraj Singh Ghai || colspan="9" style="background:#90EE90" | ●
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|style="background:#90EE90" | ●
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|style="background:#90EE90"|●|| || colspan="2" style="background:#90EE90" | ●
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|style="background:#90EE90"|●
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| [[Raftaar]] || style="background:#DAEBFF" | ● || || || ||
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|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sikha |first=Bunti |date=31 July 2024 |title=RAFTAAR TO APPEAR IN INDIA'S GOT LATENT AS A JUDGE - Desi Rap Network |url=https://desirapnetwork.com/index.php/2024/07/31/raftaar-to-appear-in-indias-got-latent-as-a-judge/ |access-date=19 October 2024 |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
| Sahil Kale || colspan="2" style="background:#DAEBFF" | ● || || ||
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|<ref name=":7">{{Cite news |title='I Want To Level Up': Samay Raina On His Latest Project 'India's Got Latent' & Pushing The Envelope With His Comedy - DeadAnt |url=https://deadant.co/i-want-to-level-up-samay-raina-on-his-latest-project-indias-got-latent-pushing-the-envelope-with-his-comedy/ |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20250315082831/https://deadant.co/i-want-to-level-up-samay-raina-on-his-latest-project-indias-got-latent-pushing-the-envelope-with-his-comedy/ |archive-date=2025-03-15 |access-date=2026-02-06 |work=DeadAnt |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Bhappa
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|Aminjaz
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| Anshu Bisht || || || style="background:#DAEBFF" | ● || ||
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| [[Joke Singh]]|| || || style="background:#DAEBFF" | ● || ||
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| rowspan="2" |<ref name=":7" />
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| [[Karan Singh (magician)|Karan Singh]]|| || || style="background:#DAEBFF" | ● || ||
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| [[Badshah (rapper)|Badshah]]|| || || || style="background:#DAEBFF" | ● ||
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|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Karki |first=Manisha |date=30 August 2024 |title=Rapper Badshah Takes Dig At Comedian Samay Raina's Show India's Got Latent: 'Downfall Is Real' |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/rapper-badshah-takes-dig-at-comedian-samay-rainas-show-indias-got-latent-downfall-is-real |access-date=19 October 2024 |website=Free Press Journal |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| [[Siddhant Chaturvedi]]|| || || || style="background:#DAEBFF" | ● ||
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| Gursimran Khamba || || || || style="background:#DAEBFF" | ● ||
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| [[Urfi Javed]]|| || || || || style="background:#DAEBFF" | ●
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| rowspan="2" |<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Dishya |date=8 October 2024 |title=Rakhi Sawant Gets Into Argument With India's Got Latent Co-Judge, Throws Chair On Stage |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/rakhi-sawant-gets-into-argument-with-indias-got-latent-co-judge-throws-chair-on-stage-9078409.html |access-date=19 October 2024 |website=[[News18 India]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Goyal |first=Samarth |date=2025-01-08 |title=Rapper Yashraj says being a judge on Samay Raina's India's Got Latent is ‘always a hilarious experience’ |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/htcity/cinema/rapper-yashraj-says-being-a-judge-on-samay-rainas-indias-got-latent-is-always-a-hilarious-experience-101736323721966.html |access-date=2026-05-02 |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en}}</ref>
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|<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2024 |title=Rakhi and Maheep Singh's Heated Argument Turns Ugly; Hurls Chair in Fiery Clash |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/etimes/bollywood/rakhi-and-maheep-singhs-heated-argument-turns-ugly-hurls-chair-in-fiery-clash/videoshow/114055928.cms |access-date=19 October 2024 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3" />
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|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mukhopadhyay |first=Sounak |date=7 November 2024 |title=Video, pics from Samay Raina's unreleased YouTube show get leaked; cricketer seen as judge on India's Got Latent |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/trends/video-pics-from-samay-rainas-unreleased-youtube-show1-get-leaked-cricketer-seen-as-judge-on-india-s-got-latent-11730970781363.html |access-date=10 November 2024 |website=[[LiveMint]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Prajapati |first=Siddhika |date=8 November 2024 |title=Samay Raina Roasts Yuzvendra Chahal: A Hilarious Twist on India's Got Latent |url=https://www.mykhel.com/cricket/samay-raina-roasts-yuzvendra-chahal-319006.html |access-date=10 November 2024 |website=myKhel.com}}</ref>
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| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 19, 2025 |title=Farah Khan episode from Samay Raina show goes viral amid India's Got Latent controversy |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/farah-khan-episode-from-samay-raina-show-goes-viral-amid-indias-got-latent-controversy-1503399886.html#google_vignette |access-date=July 6, 2025 |website=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]]}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite web |last=Rajguru |first=Sumit |date=February 13, 2025 |title=Here's How Farah Khan, Bhuvan Bam, Mallika Sherawat, Munawar Faruqui Escaped From India's Got Latent Controversy |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/web-series/heres-how-farah-khan-bhuvan-bam-mallika-sherawat-munawar-faruqui-escaped-from-indias-got-latent-controversy-article-118205636 |access-date=July 6, 2025 |website=[[Times Now]]}}</ref>
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Note: "+" represents bonus episodes.

=== Season 2 ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders collapsible mw-collapsible nowrap" style="text-align:center; font-size:100%"
! rowspan="3" scope="col" | Cast member
! colspan="1" scope="col" style="text-align:center" | Season 2 (2026)
! rowspan="3" |Ref.
|-
! colspan="1" | Episode
|-
! 1
|-
| [[Samay Raina]] || style="background:#FF87C3" | ● ||
|-
| Balraj Singh Ghai || style="background:#90EE90" | ● ||
|-
| Ashish Solanki || style="background:#90EE90" | ● ||
|-
| [[Alia Bhatt]] || style="background:#DAEBFF" | ● ||
|-
| [[Sharvari Wagh|Sharvari]] || style="background:#DAEBFF" | ● ||
|}

== Famous contestants ==

* Naman Arora<ref>{{Cite web |last=T |first=Sachin |date=28 August 2024 |title=Who Is Naman Arora? All About Viral India's Got Latent Comedian Who Acted In Varun Dhawan-Starrer Jug Jugg Jeeyo |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/who-is-naman-arora-all-about-viral-indias-got-latent-comedian-who-acted-in-varun-dhawan-starrer-jug-jugg-jeeyo |access-date=19 October 2024 |website=Free Press Journal |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 September 2024 |title=सोशल लिस्ट : India's Got Latent से वायरल हुए नमन अरोड़ा के किन पुराने वीडियोज को खोज लाए लोग? |url=https://www.thelallantop.com/news/video/social-list-naman-arora-went-viral-from-indias-got-latent-and-now-people-are-digging-up-his-old-videos |access-date=19 October 2024 |website=The Lallantop |language=hi}}</ref>
* Keshav Jha<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 October 2024 |title=सोशल लिस्ट: समय रैना के शो से फेमस हुए केशव झा क्यों हुए ट्रोल? |url=https://www.thelallantop.com/news/video/why-keshav-jha-is-being-trolled-for-ae-murkh-apni-chhavi-sudhar-poetry-discussed-in-social-list |access-date=23 October 2024 |website=The Lallantop |language=hi}}</ref>
* Deepak Yadav (DDSRY)
* Sharon Verma<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 October 2024 |title=Comedian goes viral for sharing hilarious reason why she's a 'weak independent woman' on Samay Raina's 'India's Got Latent' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/life-style/comedian-viral-hilarious-reason-weak-independent-woman-samay-raina-9579204/ |access-date=19 October 2024 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kakani |first=Krishna |date=19 September 2024 |title='Weak, Independent Woman': This Bihar Comedian's Relatability is Off the Charts |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/viral/weak-independent-woman-this-bihar-comedians-relatability-is-off-the-charts-article-113473497 |access-date=19 October 2024 |website=Times Now |language=en}}</ref>
* Santosh Patra<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bhirani |first=Garvit |date=2025-11-27 |title=SC directs Samay Raina to invite disabled people with success stories on shows, raise funds for their treatment {{!}} Today News |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/sc-directs-samay-raina-to-invite-disabled-people-with-success-stories-on-shows-raise-funds-for-treatment-11764227789418.html |access-date=2026-05-06 |website=mint |language=en}}</ref>
* Bhavya Shah<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2024-11-17 |title=Bhavya Shah, visually impaired comedian, signs first film with Palaash Muchhal |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/bhavya-shah-visually-impaired-comedian-signs-first-film-with-palaash-muchhal-2634700-2024-11-17 |access-date=2026-05-06 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref>
* Anant Upadhyay
* Kushal Bhanushali<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-05-26 |title=Partially blind IGL contestant on PIL against show for mocking disabled: 'Don’t need others to decide what’s offensive' |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/htcity/cinema/partially-blind-igl-contestant-on-pil-against-show-for-mocking-disabled-don-t-need-others-to-decide-what-s-offensive-101748259704483.html |access-date=2026-05-06 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>
* Banti Banerjee<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 November 2024 |title=After mocking Deepika Padukone's depression battle, 'India's Got Latent' contestant's joke on Kolkata's rape-murder case sparks outrage: 'Appalling'|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/trending/trending-in-india/after-mocking-deepika-padukone-depression-battle-indias-got-latent-contestants-joke-on-kolkatas-rape-murder-case-sparks-outrage-9679353/ |access-date=24 December 2024 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
* Jessy Nabam<ref name=":6" />
* Avinash Agarwal

== Winner ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|-
!Episode
!Winner
|-
|colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#ccc"| '''Season 1'''
|-
|1
|Jyoti Sharma, Vedant Modi
|-
|2
|Anant Upadhyay, Suryansh Pandey & Veer, and Ekant Sawant (bonus episode)
|-
|3
|Deepak Yadav (DDSRY)
|-
|4
|Hard Shivam, Kartikey & Deep (bonus episode)
|-
|5
|Naman Arora, and Poshak Dua (bonus episode)
|-
|6
| Sewashree Boruah, and Karan Shah (bonus episode)
|-
|7
|Parneet Singh
|-
|8
|Pravin Bhairwa
|-
|9
|Kushal Bhanushali
|-
|10
|Banti Banerjee, Mysterious Kayden
|-
|11
|Anmol Sharma, Kushal Bhanushali
|-
|12
|Yuvraj Gupta, Khushi Saini
|-
|colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background:#ccc"| '''Season 2'''
|-
|1
|Avinash Agarwal
|}

== Reception ==
''India's Got Latent'' has gained popularity for its diversity in showcasing talent from different regions of India. The show has been praised for its ability to discover unique talents that might not have been recognized in mainstream entertainment and also the amalgamation of various celebrities as judges which has proved to induce laughter and popularity.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Agarwal |first=Varsha |date=11 November 2024 |title='He has a peculiar...': Rohit Shetty decodes how India's Got Latent's Samay Raina a cut above the rest |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/viral/report-he-has-a-peculiar-rohit-shetty-decodes-how-india-s-got-latent-s-samay-raina-a-cut-above-the-rest-3117428 |work=[[DNA India]] |access-date=12 November 2024}}</ref>

Latent was included in [[Daily News and Analysis|''DNA'']]'s list of the top 5 crazy shows on YouTube in 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jaiman |first=Harshvardhan |date=8 October 2024 |title=5 crazy shows on India YouTube |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/web-stories/entertainment/5-crazy-shows-on-india-youtube-1728363999319 |access-date=23 October 2024 |website=DNA India |language=en}}</ref>

=== Audience viewership ===
The premiere episode of Season 2 generated massive digital engagement, crossing 45 million views on YouTube and 2.2 million on Netflix within four days of its release, charting successfully on Netflix's Global Top 10 Non-English Shows.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-06-20 |title=India’s Got Latent Season 2 crosses 5 million views within hours of release |url=https://www.livemint.com/entertainment/indias-got-latent-season-2-crosses-5-million-views-within-hours-of-release-11781977217547.html |access-date=2026-06-27 |website=Livemint |language=en}}</ref>

== YouTube earnings ==
Latent is estimated to earn over {{INR|1.5}} [[crore]] per month from [[YouTube Premium|YouTube memberships]], with additional revenue generated from in-stream advertisements on each episode.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Satija |first=Garima |date=4 November 2024 |title=Is Samay Raina earning Rs 1.5 crores per month from India's Got Latent? Fans say he deserves it |url=https://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/celebs/is-samay-raina-earning-rs-15-crores-per-month-from-indias-got-latent-fans-say-he-deserves-it-645150.html |website=Indiatimes |access-date=12 November 2024}}</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=The current source is insufficiently reliable ([[WP:NOTRS]]).|date=February 2025}}

== Controversies ==

=== Rakhi Sawant vs Maheep Singh ===
[[Rakhi Sawant]] threw a chair on stage after getting into an argument with comedian Maheep Singh on an episode of ''India's Got Latent''. Sawant also made a derogatory remark about Singh, after which he left the stage. The episode was eventually released on YouTube as the twelfth episode on New Year's Eve 2024, after undergoing the removal of the scene.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=8 October 2024 |title=Rakhi Sawant's Angry Outburst: Actress Throws Chair on India's Got Latent Stage After Heated Argument with Maheep Singh |url=https://www.lokmattimes.com/entertainment/rakhi-sawants-angrys-outburst-actress-throws-chair-on-indias-got-latent-stage-after-heated-argument-with-maheep-singh-a475/ |access-date=19 October 2024 |website=[[Lokmat Times]] |language=en}}</ref>

=== Derogatory remarks against people with disabilities ===
During Santosh Patra's performance in sixth episode, the judges endorsed [[Ableism|derogatory remarks about disabled people]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 September 2024 |title=India's Got Latent के 5 कॉमेडियन को नोटिस, शो में दिव्यांग के मजाक उड़ाने का लगाया आरोप {{!}} defamation notice to 5 comedians of Indias got Latent for making fun of disabled people |url=https://www.patrika.com/ghaziabad-news/defamation-notice-to-5-comedians-of-indias-got-latent-for-making-fun-of-disabled-people-19009197 |access-date=1 November 2024 |website=Patrika News |language=hi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=21 September 2024 |title=It's not humour, it's hate: Amputee Tinkesh Kaushik blasts comedian Samay Raina |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/etimes/trending/its-not-humour-its-hate-amputee-tinkesh-kaushik-blasts-comedian-samay-raina/articleshow/113528941.cms |access-date=1 November 2024 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=November 27, 2025 |title='Social burden, not penal': SC tells Samay Raina, 3 comics to platform disabled achievers - what court said |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/social-burden-not-penal-sc-tells-samay-raina-3-comics-to-platform-disabled-achievers-what-court-said/articleshow/125608888.cms |access-date=December 16, 2025 |website=[[Times Of India]]}}</ref>

=== Derogatory remarks towards Urfi Javed ===
During one of the performances on India's Got Latent, some of the contestants endorsed derogatory remarks on guest judge [[Urfi Javed]], which included "slut-shaming" her, and comparing her with [[Pornographic film actor|adult actress]] [[Mia Khalifa]], which eventually led to her walking off the show. The show's main judge Samay Raina didn't intervene and Balraj Ghai was called in to replace her for the last two performances.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sehgal |first=Chirag |date=December 28, 2024 |title=Urfi Javed WALKS OUT Of Samay Raina's India's Got Latent After Contestant's Abusive Comment |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/urfi-javed-walks-out-of-samay-raina-indias-got-latent-after-contestants-abusive-comment-9170553.html |access-date=April 8, 2026 |website=[[News18]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-11 |title=From Ranveer Allahbadia's remarks to Urfi Javed's exit: 5 big controversies at India’s Got Latent |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/htcity/cinema/from-ranveer-allahbadias-remarks-to-urfi-javeds-exit-5-big-controversies-at-india-s-got-latent-101739260626991.html |access-date=2026-04-08 |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-12-28 |title=Urfi Javed Walks Out Of Samay Raina's India's Got Latent After Being Compared With Adult Star By Contestant: Report |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/tv/urfi-javed-walks-out-of-samay-rainas-indias-got-latent-after-being-compared-with-adult-star-by-contestant-report-article-116738788 |access-date=2026-04-08 |website=[[Times Now]] |language=en}}</ref>

=== Banti Banerjee ===
Banti Banerjee was a contestant and a winner on the tenth episode. During her performance, she made several controversial remarks that were initially endorsed by the judges and audience but later sparked an online debate and outrage.

==== Jokes on Deepika Padukone’s depression ====
During her performance, Banerjee referenced [[Deepika Padukone|Deepika Padukone's]] recent experience of becoming a [[mother]] and her past struggles with [[Depression (mood)|depression]]:<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-18 |title=India's Got Latent contestant jokes on Deepika Padukone's depression battle, triggers outrage: 'Not cool' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/trending/trending-in-india/deepika-padukone-depression-joke-indias-got-latent-samay-raina-show-9675551/ |access-date=2024-11-21 |website=[[The Indian Express]] |language=en}}</ref><blockquote>''"Deepika Padukone also became a mother recently, right? Great. Now she knows what depression really looks like. Actual depression happens when your sleep breaks, and your kid wakes in the middle of the night at 3 am and the kid wants to eat, poop, or play, at any order."'' - Banerjee said in a viral clip.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mittal |first=Nidhi |date=2024-11-18 |title=India's Got Latent contestant jokes 'Deepika Padukone Depression', mixed reactions from fans |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/trending/news/india-s-got-talent-contestant-jokes-deepika-padukone-depression-angry-fans-react-2024-11-18-962217 |access-date=2024-11-21 |website=[[India TV]] |language=en}}</ref></blockquote>She also said she was intentionally mocking the actor's depression due to her breakup.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mathur |first=Abhimanyu |date=2024-11-18 |title=India's Got Latent contestant mocks Deepika Padukone's depression as Samay Raina, Tanmay Bhat laugh; angry fans react |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/indias-got-latent-contestant-mocks-deepika-padukones-depression-as-samay-raina-tanmay-bhat-laugh-angry-fans-react-101731909996926.html |access-date=2024-11-21 |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref> Latent's host [[Samay Raina]] also responded to outrage, by saying:<blockquote>''"To everyone who is outraging on [[Twitter]], one request: Could you please outrage in my YouTube comment section so I get some [[Advertising revenue|ad revenue]] from the traction, at least."'' - Raina wrote on Instagram.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ruchita |date=2024-11-19 |title="Outrage on YouTube so I get some...": Samay Raina reacts to joke on Deepika Padukone's depression; trolled |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/outrage-youtube-so-i-get-some-samay-raina-reacts-joke-deepika-padukones-depression-875048 |access-date=2024-11-21 |website=www.ibtimes.co.in |language=en}}</ref></blockquote>
===Derogatory remarks against people of Arunachal Pradesh===
The fifth bonus episode, which debuted in June 2024, faced criticism over [[Racism in India|racist]] comments made about [[Arunachal Pradesh]]. Contestant Jessy Nabam, a native of the state, joked that her people consume [[dog meat]], and sometimes even their own pets. This remark prompted a resident of Arunachal Pradesh to file a complaint, reportedly leading to an [[First information report|FIR]] being registered, which termed her comments as derogatory and [[Indian defamation law|defamatory]] towards the [[Demographics of Arunachal Pradesh|indigenous people of Arunachal Pradesh]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Sinha |first=Ashana |title=Samay Raina's India's Got Latent Gets Into Legal Trouble, FIR Filed Over A Contestant's Controversial Comments News24 - |url=https://news24online.com/entertainment/samay-rainas-indias-got-latent-gets-into-legal-trouble-fir-filed-over-a-contestants-controversial-comments/462014/ |access-date=2025-02-11 |website=[[News 24 (Indian TV channel)|News24]] |language=en}}</ref>

===Derogatory remarks against people of Kerala===
Comedian Jaspreet Singh has sparked significant outrage with a racist joke about [[Kerala]], drawing sharp criticism from [[Malayali people|Malayalis]] across social media in the sixth bonus episode and overall, the last episode of the show. This incident has since gained momentum, with many condemning the joke as offensive and derogatory to Kerala's literacy.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2025-02-09 |title=Racist accent joke on Keralites triggers criticism against Samay Raina's 'India's Got Latent' show |url=https://telanganatoday.com/racist-accent-joke-on-keralites-triggers-criticism-against-samay-rainas-indias-got-latent-show |access-date=2025-02-13 |website=[[Telangana Today]] |language=en}}</ref>

=== Offensive remarks by Ranveer Allahbadia and removal of the show ===
On 10 February 2025, podcaster Ranveer Allahbadia, popularly known as BeerBiceps, appeared as a guest judge in the sixth bonus episode alongside YouTuber Ashish Chanchlani, social media influencer Apoorva Mukhija, and Jaspreet Singh.<ref name=":4">{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/technology/tech-news/indias-got-latent-episode-with-ranveer-allahbadias-obscene-and-perverse-comments-goes-offline-government-order-or-/articleshow/118143144.cms|title=India's Got Latent episode with Ranveer Allahbadia's 'obscene and perverse comments' 'deleted': Government order or …|date=12 February 2025|website=[[Times of India]]|access-date=15 February 2025}}</ref> During the episode, Allahbadia made a remark that sparked widespread controversy. He asked the following question to a contestant:
<blockquote>Would you rather [[Voyeurism|watch your]] parents have sex every day for the rest of your life or [[Incest in media|join in]] once to make it stop forever?<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2025-02-10 |title=Ranveer Allahbadia controversy: When does a joke stop being funny? |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/lifestyle/society/story/ranveer-allahbadia-samay-raina-indias-got-latent-controversy-vulgar-joke-gone-too-far-2677721-2025-02-10 |access-date=2025-02-10 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref></blockquote>
The remark led to significant backlash on social media. A police complaint was filed against Allahbadia for "promoting obscenity" and using offensive language. The complaint was submitted to the [[Commissioner of the Greater Mumbai Police|Mumbai Police Commissioner]] and the [[National Commission for Women]], which led to an inquiry and the registration of an [[First information report|FIR]] against Allahbadia, as well as Apoorva Mukhija and comedian [[Samay Raina]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=2025-02-11 |title=Trouble mounts for Ranveer Allahbadia & others linked to Samay Raina's show: Top developments |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/trouble-mounts-for-ranveer-allahbadia-others-linked-to-samay-rainas-show-indias-got-latent-top-developments/articleshow/118151638.cms |access-date=2025-02-11 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] leader & [[List of chief ministers of Maharashtra|Maharashtra Chief Minister]] [[Devendra Fadnavis]] commented on the incident, stating,
{{Blockquote|I have come to know about it. I haven’t seen it yet. Things have been said and presented in the wrong way. Everyone has freedom of speech, but our freedom ends when we encroach upon the freedom of others... In our society, we have certain rules, and if someone violates them, it is absolutely wrong, and action should be taken against them,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/technology/tech-news/maharashtra-cm-on-ranveer-allahbadia-freedom-of-speech-sab-ke-liye-hai-lekin/articleshow/118115443.cms|title=Maharashtra CM ... on Ranveer Allahbadia: Freedom of Speech Sab Ke Liye Hai, Lekin|author=TOI Tech Desk |website=[[Times of India]]|date=10 February 2025|access-date=15 February 2025}}</ref>}}

Another BJP leader, [[List of chief ministers of Assam|Assam Chief Minister]] [[Himanta Biswa Sarma]] also announced that an FIR had been filed by the [[Guwahati Police Commissionerate|Guwahati police]] against the individuals involved in the incident for promoting obscenity and engaging in inappropriate discussions.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/india/assam-cm-himanta-biswa-sarma-announces-fir-against-youtubers-influencers-for-obscenity-on-indias-got-latent/articleshow/118124913.cms|title=Assam CM Himanta Biswa Sarma announces FIR against YouTubers, influencers for obscenity on India's Got Latent|website=[[The Economic Times]]|date=10 February 2025 |access-date=15 February 2025}}</ref>

On February 10, 2025, Allahbadia issued a video in which he stated that the controversial segments had been removed from the show, acknowledging that the attempt at humor was not well received.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/ranveer-allahbadia-apologises-for-remarks-on-india-s-got-latent-i-m-sorry-101739178927970.html|title=Ranveer Allahbadia apologises for 'India's Got Latent' row: 'Shouldn't have said what I said'|date=10 February 2025|website=[[Hindustan Times]]|access-date=15 February 2025}}</ref> On February 12, 2025, Samay Raina removed all episodes of India's Got Latent from his YouTube channel, stating that he would fully cooperate with the authorities to ensure a fair inquiry.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/samay-raina-deletes-all-videos-of-controversial-show-indias-got-latent-only-objective-make-people-laugh-9832770/|title=Samay Raina deletes all videos of controversial show India's Got Latent, says 'only objective was to make people laugh'|date=13 February 2025|website=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=15 February 2025}}</ref>

Following this, the [[Maharashtra Police]] filled a complaint against Samay Raina and Ranveer Allahbadia for "creating [[Obscene|obscene content]]" and airing it on the shows YouTube channel.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ranveer Allahbadia Controversy Deepens as Police Charge Comedian Samay Raina Over 'India's Got Latent' Episode |url=https://www.brutimes.com/news/social/ranveer-allahbadia-controversy-deepens-as-police-charge-comedian-samay-raina-over-indias-got-latent-episode |website=Bru Times News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Amid backlash, Ranveer Allahbadia loses followers; Gaurav Taneja claims 'Samay Raina won't stop till he gets YouTube India cancelled' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/amid-backlash-ranveer-allahbadia-loses-followers-gaurav-taneja-claims-samay-raina-wont-stop-till-he-gets-youtube-india-cancelled/articleshow/118146585.cms |website=The Times of India |date=12 February 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Akansha Ranjan Kapoor Defends Samay Raina Amid Ranveer Allahbadia's Controversial IGL Episode |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/web-series/akansha-ranjan-kapoor-defends-samay-raina-amid-ranveer-allahbadias-controversial-indias-got-latent-episode-article-118182945 |website=Times Now |language=en |date=12 February 2025}}</ref>

Apoorva Mukhija reported on social media about receiving threats of being raped & murdered on her social media accounts due to her presence at that episode.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Livemint |date=2025-02-15 |title=Apoorva Mukhija gets death threats amid India's Got Latent and Ranveer Allahbadia controversy {{!}} Mint |url=https://www.livemint.com/entertainment/apoorva-mukhija-getting-death-threats-amid-indias-got-latent-row-ranveer-allahbadia-controversy-11739615402889.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250215134700/https://www.livemint.com/entertainment/apoorva-mukhija-getting-death-threats-amid-indias-got-latent-row-ranveer-allahbadia-controversy-11739615402889.html |archive-date=15 February 2025 |access-date=2025-02-20 |work=mint |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=15 February 2025 |title=Apoorva Mukhija getting rape & death threats, claims friend |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/indias-got-latent-row-apoorva-mukhija-getting-rape-threats-claims-friend-101739613201421.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref> She was dropped from the list of guests for the [[International Indian Film Academy Awards]] in [[Jaipur]] after the [[Karni Sena]] publicly declared its intention to physically assault her in protest of her actions if she arrived in the [[Rajasthan|state]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-02-15 |title=India's Got Latent row: Apoorva Mukhija dropped from IIFA event in Rajasthan after Karni Sena's threat |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/indias-got-latent-apoorva-mukhija-dropped-from-iifa-event-rajasthan-karni-sena-threat-rebel-kid-101739557872027.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250215015323/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/indias-got-latent-apoorva-mukhija-dropped-from-iifa-event-rajasthan-karni-sena-threat-rebel-kid-101739557872027.html |archive-date=15 February 2025 |access-date=2025-02-20 |work=Hindustan Times |language=en-us |url-status=live }}</ref> A [[Hindutva|far-right Hindu]] outfit in [[Gwalior]] declared a bounty of 1 lakh INR to cut off Allahabadia's tongue.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-13 |title=Rs 1 lakh bounty for attacking Ranveer Allahbadia, announces Hindutva outfit |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/newsmo/video/rs-1-lakh-bounty-for-attacking-ranveer-allahbadia-announces-hindutva-outfit-2679626-2025-02-13 |access-date=2025-04-16 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> Mukhija also exposed about death and rape threats, as well as acid attacks from several trolls for her conduct in an interview and sharing screenshots months later.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.livemint.com/news/trends/the-rebel-kid-apoorva-makhija-rape-death-threats-india-s-got-latent-11744112492556.html|title= Rape-death threats: Rebel Kid Apoorva Mukhija exposes trolls, gets massive support, 'More power to you'}}</ref>

The entire controversy around Allahbadia's comments was [[Media circus|fanned]] into a [[moral panic]] by India's [[Godi media|pro-government media]] about Indian youth being [[Cultural conflict|corrupted]] by inherently [[Decadence|decadent]] [[Western values]] via social media<ref>{{Cite web |last=Begam |first=Amana |date=2025-02-14 |title=Moral panic over Ranveer Allahbadia comes from India's family hierarchy |url=https://theprint.in/opinion/moral-panic-over-ranveer-allahbadia-india-family-hierarchy/2494687/ |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?si=vq4CNurZWeNnWlGn&v=ecqkmjv9i9I&feature=youtu.be |title=BeerBiceps, Samay Raina & The Hypocrisy of TV News Anchors {{!}} TV Newsance 286 |date=2025-02-14 |last=newslaundry |access-date=2025-04-16 |via=YouTube}}</ref> after it appeared that Allahbadia had copied that infamous joke from an [[Australia]]n YouTube channel called ''The'' ''OG Crew'' where it was directed by an Australian [[Stand-up comedy|stand-up comedian]] Sammy Walsh towards Alan Fang, two weeks before Allahbadia endorsed it on the show.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Ranveer Allahbadia's 'Sex with parents' question on Samay Raina's 'India's Got Latent' was copied: Here is the original |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/htcity/cinema/ranveer-allahbadia-s-sex-with-parents-question-on-samay-raina-s-indias-got-latent-was-copied-here-s-the-original-101739275009040.html |work=Hindustan Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-10 |title=Even the obscene joke was copied: Internet digs out video to slam Ranveer Allahbadia |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/trending-news/story/ranveer-allahbadia-controversy-obscene-joke-copied-internet-digs-out-video-to-slam-2677567-2025-02-10 |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> Some critics have also accused the law enforcement authorities and judiciary of using the controversy as a smokescreen to divert attention from other pressing problems, such as [[Unemployment in India|unemployment]], [[Corruption in India|corruption]], [[Rape in India|rape]] and [[Environmental issues in India|pollution]], & the imposition of [[President's rule]] in [[Manipur]] due to [[2023–2025 Manipur violence|ethnic riots]],<ref name=":2" /> and questioned the hypocrisy of the judiciary and police about not taking any legal action against political figures who have made derogatory comments about women & [[Hate speech|hate-speech]] in the past.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mollan |first=Cherylann |date=19 February 2025 |title=YouTuber's 'dirty' comments spark massive row in India |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cvg4g8q51xdo.amp |website=[[BBC]]}}</ref> Concerns have been raised that the controversy might be used by the BJP government to tighten [[internet censorship]] [[Internet censorship in India|in India]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chandrashekar |first=Jisha Surya,Nandini |date=2025-03-08 |title=Ranveer Allahbadia case: The ripple effect of a single 'joke' |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/news/ranveer-allahbadia-case-the-ripple-effect-of-a-single-joke |access-date=2025-04-16 |website=The News Minute |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Livemint |date=2025-03-12 |title=Parliamentary panel pushes for bringing broadcast bill; experts fear censorship guidelines after Ranveer Allahbadia row {{!}} Today News |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/panel-pushes-for-bringing-broadcast-bill-experts-fear-censorship-guidelines-after-ranveer-allahbadia-row-11741778491466.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250405143728/https://www.livemint.com/news/india/panel-pushes-for-bringing-broadcast-bill-experts-fear-censorship-guidelines-after-ranveer-allahbadia-row/amp-11741778491466.html |archive-date=5 April 2025 |access-date=2025-04-16 |work=mint |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Wire Talks {{!}} After Beer Biceps Case, Could Broadcast Bill Be Pushed Through the Backdoor? |url=https://m.thewire.in/article/media/the-wire-talks-after-beer-biceps-case-could-broadcast-bill-be-pushed-through-the-backdoor/amp |access-date=2025-04-16 |website=thewire.in}}</ref>

On 14 February 2025, a parliamentary committee wrote to the [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)|Ministry of Information & Broadcasting]] seeking laws to regulate digital content like [[podcast]]s & [[Over-the-top media services in India|OTTs]] in the light of this incident.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-02-14 |title=Ranveer Allahbadia row: MPs urge government to regulate OTT, social media |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/ranveer-allahbadia-row-mps-urge-government-to-regulate-ott-social-media-2679667-2025-02-14 |access-date=2025-02-18 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref> Supreme Court Judge [[Surya Kant (judge)|Surya Kant]] has remarked that "there is nothing like a fundamental right on a platter," stating that citizens must fulfill their "duty" in order to enjoy their fundamental rights.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mukherjee |first=Oindrila |date=3 March 2025 |title='Youngsters May Think We're Outdated…': SC In Ranveer Allahbadia Hearing |url=https://www.news18.com/india/supreme-court-strong-remarks-ranveer-allahbadia-case-hearing-indias-got-latent-top-quotes-9248300.html |website=[[CNN-News18]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 March 2025 |title=BeerBiceps Row: SC Says Fundamental Rights Not Provided on 'Platter'; Suggests Draft Regulations |url=https://m.thewire.in/article/law/ranveer-allahbadia-supreme-court-fundamental-rights-platter/amp |website=[[The Wire (India)]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=3 March 2025 |title=Allahbadia row: Nothing like fundamental right on platter, says SC on 'free speech' limits |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/allahbadia-row-nothing-like-fundamental-right-on-platter-says-sc-on-free-speech-limits-3429761 |website=[[Deccan Herald]]}}</ref>

On 3 March 2025, Ranveer Allahbadia was allowed by the [[Supreme Court of India|Supreme Court]] to resume airing his podcast "The Ranveer Show" on YouTube, on the condition that he will maintain decency on his show.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.livemint.com/news/india/only-source-of-livelihood-youtuber-ranveer-allahbadia-beerbiceps-asks-supreme-court-to-allow-him-to-air-programmes-11740992666716.html|title= Supreme Court allows Ranveer Allahbadia to resume The Ranveer Show after 'only source of livelihood' appeal|work= mint|last1= Yadav|first1= Krishna}}</ref> On 7 March 2025, Allahbadia was shown to be dragged by officers of [[Assam Police|Guwahati Police]], after he appeared to give his statements following warrants and summons; the maltreatment by dragging was heavily criticized by several netizens.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.livemint.com/news/india/ranveer-allahbadia-appears-before-assam-guwahati-police-in-connection-with-in-india-s-got-latent-case-samya-raina-11741344455157.html|title= Ranveer Allahbadia appears before Assam Police in connection with 'India's Got Latent' case {{!}} Video|work= mint|date= 7 March 2025|author1= Livemint}}</ref> On 8 March 2025, the [[Gauhati High Court|Gauhati HC]] granted anticipatory bail to Ashish Chanchlani in the matter.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-03-08 |title=Gauhati HC grants anticipatory bail to Ashish Chanchlani in 'India's Got Latent' case |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/gauhati-hc-grants-anticipatory-bail-to-ashish-chanchlani-in-indias-got-latent-case/articleshow/118803248.cms |access-date=2025-03-08 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

In April 2026, Raina revealed in his debut standup special, ''Still Alive'', that Allahbadia asked the same question at least eight times during the 5-hour event, but he chose to keep only one instance of him asking the question, in the edited version of the episode, which was released on YouTube.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-04-08 |title=Samay Raina says Ranveer Allahbadia made the parent joke 8 times, he kept one |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/celebrities/story/samay-raina-says-ranveer-allahbadia-made-the-parent-joke-8-times-on-indias-got-latent-he-kept-one-2893049-2026-04-08 |access-date=2026-04-08 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en}}</ref> As a direct consequence of the legal fallout from Season 1, the production of Season 2 was restructured to include an 11-member legal team to oversee content compliance and prevent future litigation.

== See also ==
* ''[[India's Got Talent]]''

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.indiasgotlatent.live Official Website]
* {{IMDb title|id=tt33094114|description=(2024)}}

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India's Got Latent

2026-06-27T08:45:47Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

Template:Infobox controversy/doc

2026-06-14T01:49:38Z

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{{Documentation subpage}}


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| Lawsuits or legal proceedings
|-
| verdict
| Verdict in any trial
|-
| sentence
| Sentence imposed
|-
| awards
| Awards given related to the controversy
|-
| website
| Official website
|-
| notes
| Additional notes
|-
| below
| Text to display at the bottom
|}

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| name = NEET Paper Leak 2026
| date = 3 May 2026 – 21 June 2026
| place = [[India]]
| type = [[Educational scandal]]
| cause = Systemic breach in paper-setting phase
| participants = [[National Testing Agency|NTA]], [[Central Bureau of Investigation|CBI]], coaching syndicates
| outcome = Exam cancelled; re-test held; 13 arrested
| arrests = 13
}}
</pre>

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[[Category:Politics and government infobox templates|Controversy]]
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2026-06-14T01:48:08Z

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NEET paper leak 2026

2026-06-14T01:46:37Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

{{Infobox controversy
| name = NEET Paper Leak 2026
| image =
| caption =
| date = 3 May 2026 (examination conducted) 12 May 2026 (examination cancelled) 21 June 2026 (re-test conducted)
| place = [[India]] (administered nationwide)
| type = [[Educational scandal]], administrative corruption, and logistic compromise
| cause = Systemic breach in the confidential paper-setting and translation phases
| participants = [[National Testing Agency]] (NTA), [[Central Bureau of Investigation]] (CBI), state police Special Operations Groups, and coaching syndicate owners
| outcome = Nationwide cancellation of the 3 May exam; re-examination held on 21 June 2026; arrest of 13 syndicate members; proposed migration to a "zero-trust architecture" and Computer-Based Testing
}}

The '''NEET Paper Leak 2026''' (also known as the '''2026 NEET-UG controversy''') is a major administrative, legal, and political crisis in India following the systematic leakage of the question papers for the [[National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (Undergraduate)|NEET-UG]] conducted on 3 May 2026.<ref>{{cite web |title=NEET 2026 Paper Leak Examination Incident Explained |url=https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2026/05/15/neet-2026-paper-leak-examination-incident-explained/ |website=SCC Online |date=15 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> The examination, administered by the [[National Testing Agency]] (NTA) for over 2.27 million aspirants seeking admission to undergraduate medical (MBBS) and dental (BDS) courses across India, was officially cancelled on 12 May 2026.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG 2026: NTA dismisses claims of re-exam paper 'leak' or 'sale', warns of action |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/neet-ug-2026-nta-dismisses-claims-of-re-exam-paper-leak-or-sale-warns-of-action/article71070337.ece |work=The Hindu |date=6 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

The cancellation followed forensic and police findings that revealed substantial matches between a pre-circulated "guess paper" and the actual exam questions. The central government subsequently handed the probe to the [[Central Bureau of Investigation]] (CBI), which exposed links originating from NTA-appointed subject experts and translators during the confidential paper-setting and translation phase.<ref>{{cite news |title=After NEET-UG 2026 leak, NTA wants question setters to not know which exam they're setting papers for |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/education/after-neet-ug-2026-leak-nta-wants-question-setters-to-not-know-which-exam-theyre-setting-papers-for-10727617/ |work=The Indian Express |date=9 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> A national re-test was scheduled for 21 June 2026 under strict security, including a lockdown of paper setters.<ref>{{cite news |title=No phones, no internet: NEET-UG paper setters under lockdown till June 21 re-exam: Report |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/no-phones-no-internet-neet-ug-paper-setters-under-lockdown-till-june-21-re-exam-report-4031218 |work=Deccan Herald |date=7 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> The incident sparked widespread street protests by student groups, a series of student suicides, multi-state police actions, and deep political divisions in [[Parliament of India|Parliament]].<ref>{{cite web |title=NEET Paper Leak 2026! When the Cockroach Janata Party (CJP) Marched to Jantar Mantar |url=https://vidyamandir.com/studyhub/neet-2026-cockroach-janata-party-jantar-mantar-protest/ |website=Vidyamandir |date=13 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=So sad the NTA has not learnt its lesson, SC reacts to NEET-UG 2026 paper leak |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/neet-paper-leak-sc-seeks-response-from-centre-nta-says-its-sad-they-have-not-learnt-lesson-despite-several-directions/article71020032.ece |work=The Hindu |date=25 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

== Background ==

The [[National Testing Agency]] was established by the central government in 2017 under the Societies Registration Act, 1860, with the mandate to conduct standardized, efficient, and transparent entrance exams.<ref>{{cite web |title=NEET-UG 2026 Paper Leak: Failure of India's Exam Ecosystem |url=https://www.visionias.in/blog/current-affairs/neet-ug-2026-paper-leak-failure-of-indias-exam-ecosystem |website=Vision IAS |date=9 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> Prior to its establishment, medical entrance exams were managed by the [[Central Board of Secondary Education]] (CBSE), but consolidated medical admissions under NTA were intended to eliminate localized corruption and systemic malpractices.

Despite these structural goals, the NEET-UG remained vulnerable due to its reliance on physical, pen-and-paper examinations involving millions of printed question booklets.<ref>{{cite news |title=Local transport, storage and human handling are the weakest links in conducting NEET, according to panel report |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/local-transport-storage-and-human-handling-are-the-weakest-links-in-conducting-neet-according-to-panel-report/article70974678.ece |work=The Hindu |date=13 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> Following major security lapses during the 2024 NEET cycle, a High-Level Committee of Experts (HLCE) chaired by former [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] (ISRO) Chairman Dr. K. Radhakrishnan submitted a comprehensive report containing 101 recommendations to overhaul the NTA's functioning.<ref>{{cite news |title=Majority of NEET reform recommendations already implemented: former ISRO chief to SC |url=https://education.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/higher-education/majority-of-neet-reform-recommendations-already-implemented-former-isro-chief-to-sc/131395066 |work=The Economic Times |date=8 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> These guidelines recommended the operationalization of State Level Coordinating Committees (SLCCs) and District Level Coordinating Committees (DLCCs) to coordinate and monitor operations.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Supreme Court has directed the Union of India to file an affidavit on the NEET-UG 2026 paper leak controversy |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/education/neet-ug-2026-paper-leak-supreme-court-hearing-faima-udf-10712278/ |work=The Indian Express |date=25 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> For the May 3, 2026 exam, the NTA had established 18 SLCCs and 621 DLCCs consisting of administrative, police, and intelligence officials to enhance field security.

The socio-economic landscape surrounding the exam has also been shaped by a massive private coaching industry.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET leakage: Are authorities endorsing systemic failure? |url=https://thesouthfirst.com/opinion/neet-leakage-are-authorities-endorsing-systemic-failure/ |work=The South First |date=25 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> In regional hubs such as [[Sikar]] in [[Rajasthan]] and [[Latur]] in [[Maharashtra]], the hyper-competitive nature of medical admissions has created an environment where families pay significant sums for competitive advantages, fostering commercial incentives for organized cheating networks to exploit vulnerabilities in the NTA's supply and administration chains.

== Detection of the Paper Leak ==

On 3 May 2026, the NTA administered the NEET-UG exam across 5,432 examination centers in 552 domestic and 14 overseas cities, utilizing biometric verification, AI-assisted CCTV surveillance, and mobile signal jammers to deter electronic malpractice.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG 2026 cancelled to protect students' interests: NTA in SC |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/news/neet-ug-2026-cancelled-to-protect-students-interests-nta-in-sc |work=The News Minute |date=29 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Key Metrics of the 3 May 2026 Examination
! Metric!! Data Point
|-
| Registered Candidates || Over 2.27 million (22.7 Lakh)
|-
| Total Examination Centers || 5,432 centers
|-
| Domestic Cities Covered || 552 cities
|-
| Overseas Cities Covered || 14 cities
|-
| Percentage of Government Centers Used || 99.5%
|}

Immediately following the test, allegations surfaced that a "guess paper" or question bank had been circulated on [[WhatsApp]] and Telegram networks in Sikar, Rajasthan, prior to the exam.<ref>{{cite news |title=CBI arrests two more in NEET UG 2026 leak, total arrests rise to 13 as investigation expands |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/cbi-arrests-two-more-in-neet-ug-2026-leak-total-arrests-rise-to-13-as-investigation-expands/articleshow/131346777.cms |work=The Times of India |date=27 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> The leak was initially flagged after whistleblower activity in Rajasthan pointed to a viral PDF match closely mirroring the actual examination paper. The "guess paper", consisting of a 150-page document containing 410 questions, was leaked to select aspirants weeks before the examination.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG leak accused seeks interim bail for retest |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/neet-ug-leak-accused-interim-bail-retest-10731266/ |work=The Indian Express |date=12 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> Upon comparison, investigators found that 120 questions, focusing on Chemistry and Biology directly matched the official exam paper.

The Special Operations Group (SOG) of the Rajasthan Police initiated a multi-state investigation, identifying "striking similarities" and detaining individuals linked to the paper trail across Maharashtra and Rajasthan.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG 2026 paper leak: CBI arrests two more accused |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/neet-ug-2026-paper-leak-cbi-arrests-two-more-accused/article70979655.ece |work=The Hindu |date=14 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> Following the initial findings, the NTA cancelled the examination on 12 May 2026, and the central government transferred the investigation to the CBI.

== Syndicate and CBI Investigation ==

The CBI's forensic and custodial investigations revealed that the leak did not occur during the physical transit of printed materials, but rather during the NTA's highly confidential paper-setting and translation phase, known as Confidential Operations (CONOPs).<ref>{{cite news |title=NTA plans major overhaul in question paper system after NEET-UG leak row: All you need to know |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/jobs-career/education-nta-plans-major-overhaul-in-question-paper-system-after-neet-ug-leak-row-all-you-need-to-know-4261197/ |work=Financial Express |date=9 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

=== Key Syndicate Members ===

The investigation resulted in the arrest of 13 key syndicate members, exposing a coordinated network of academic professionals, coaching center owners, and medical practitioners:<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG 2026 paper leak: CBI arrests Latur-based doctor, Pune physics teacher; 13 held so far |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/neet-ug-2026-paper-leak-cbi-arrests-latur-based-doctor-pune-physics-teacher-13-held-so-far-4017660 |work=Deccan Herald |date=26 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Key Accused in the NEET 2026 Paper Leak
! Name!! Position/Affiliation!! Role and Method of Leak!! Current Status
|-
| '''Manisha Sanjay Havaldar''' || Headmistress, Seth Hiralal Saraf Prashala (Pune)<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG 2026 case: CBI arrests another key accused for leaking Physics questions |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/cbi-arrests-key-accused-linked-to-neet-ug-2026-physics-paper-leak-case/article71011069.ece |work=The Hindu |date=22 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> || Appointed by NTA as a subject expert and translator; drafted handwritten copies of Physics questions during translation, printed them using a school computer, and distributed them. She subsequently deleted digital chats and burned her notes.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pune school principal shared neet related questions for money CBI tells court |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/pune-school-principal-shared-neet-related-questions-for-money-cbi-tells-court/article71019825.ece |work=The Hindu |date=25 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> || Arrested on 22 May 2026; remanded to CBI custody.<ref>{{cite news |title=Delhi court sends physics lecturer Manisha Sanjay Havaldar to six-day CBI custody in NEET-UG paper leak case |url=https://newsonair.gov.in/delhi-court-sends-physics-lecturer-manisha-sanjay-havaldar-to-six-day-cbi-custody-in-neet-ug-paper-leak-case/ |work=News On AIR |date=25 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>
|-
| '''Manisha Gurunath Mandhare''' || Senior Botany Lecturer, Modern College (Pune) || Collaborated with Havaldar; utilized access to Zoology and Botany papers to run unauthorized "revision classes" at her Pune home, making candidates write down the leaked questions.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG paper leak: CBI arrests Latur coaching institute owner |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/neet-ug-paper-leak-cbi-arrests-renukai-chemistry-classes-rcc-founder-shivraj-raghunath-motegaonkar-in-latur/article70992914.ece |work=The Hindu |date=18 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> || Arrested by CBI in May 2026; currently in judicial custody.
|-
| '''P. V. Kulkarni''' || Chemistry Lecturer (Pune) || Associated with NTA confidential processes; extracted and leaked the Chemistry questions to coaching centers. || Arrested by the CBI in mid-May 2026.
|-
| '''Shivaraj Raghunath Motegaonkar''' || Owner, Renukai Chemistry Classes (Latur) || Gold-medalist Chemistry professor; received Chemistry question bank on 23 April 2026 and distributed them through his extensive coaching network spanning Pune, Latur, and Nashik. || Arrested by the CBI on 18 May 2026 after an 11-hour interrogation.
|-
| '''Tejas Harshadkumar Shah''' || Physics Faculty, APMA (Pune) || Associated with Havaldar; received leaked physics questions and served as a link. He was saved as "God" on Havaldar's phone, and financial transactions were traced to his husband. || Arrested by the CBI on 26 May 2026.
|-
| '''Dr. Manoj Shirure''' || Medical Practitioner (Latur) || Intermediary; facilitated access to leaked Chemistry questions from Kulkarni for three students, including a coaching institute owner's son. || Arrested by the CBI on 26 May 2026.
|-
| '''Manisha Waghmare''' || Tutor & Intermediary (Pune) || Mobilized prospective candidates, collected monetary payments, and organized logistics for unauthorized prep sessions. || Arrested on 14 May 2026; bail application rejected by Rouse Avenue Court on 9 June 2026.
|}

Other arrests included regional coordinators and intermediaries: Dhananjay Lokhande, an ayurveda practitioner from Ahilyanagar; Shubham Khairnar from Nashik; Mangilal, Vikas, and Dinesh Biwal from Jaipur; and Yash Yadav from Gurugram. Yash Yadav, who allegedly received the PDF files of the leak on Telegram, filed an interim bail application in a Delhi court seeking release to study for and write the 21 June re-test, which was scheduled to be heard on 12 June 2026.

== Public Backlash and Political Fallout ==

The cancellation of the exam on 12 May 2026 caused widespread distress among students and parents, many of whom had invested significant financial and personal resources into preparation. The recurring nature of these exam irregularities triggered public outrage and led to protests by student groups, such as the National Students' Union of India (NSUI), outside Shastri Bhavan in New Delhi, demanding accountability and the resignation of NTA officials. The psychological toll was severe, with media reports confirming that at least three candidates committed suicide due to the stress and uncertainty surrounding the re-examination.

=== The Cockroach Janta Party ===

Among the public reactions was the rise of the '''Cockroach Janta Party''' (CJP), a youth-led satirical political movement founded by Abhijeet Dipke, a 30-year-old political strategist and Boston University graduate. The movement was formed in response to remarks reportedly made by Chief Justice of India Surya Kant, who had compared government critics and unemployed youth to "cockroaches" and "parasites".<ref>{{cite news |title=CJP begins nationwide protest, Dharmendra Pradhan in Pune today |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/trends/cjp-begins-nationwide-protest-dharmendra-pradhan-in-pune-today-indefinite-sit-in-at-jantar-mantar-neet-ug-cbse-11781139413510.html |work=Livemint |date=11 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> Dipke launched a satirical page on social media that quickly gained traction, channeling youth frustration over exam leaks, systemic corruption, and limited economic opportunities.

On 6 June 2026, the CJP staged a major protest at Delhi's Jantar Mantar, drawing more than 1,200 students and young people wearing cockroach masks and carrying high-school textbooks. Climate activist Sonam Wangchuk joined the demonstration, and the CJP appointed investigative journalist Saurav Das as its chief spokesperson, along with political researcher Vijeta Dahiya and former management consultant Ashutosh Ranka, to represent the movement's demands.

The group demanded the immediate resignation of Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan, citing student suicides and a loss of public trust in the education system. The CJP warned of an indefinite sit-in at Jantar Mantar from 20 June 2026 if Pradhan did not step down, and organized parallel demonstrations across Pune, Lucknow, Amritsar, Bengaluru, Jaipur, and Hyderabad.<ref>{{cite news |title=Cockroach Janta Party (CJP) protest against Dharmendra Pradhan: Nationwide campaign |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/india/story/cockroach-janta-party-cjp-protest-against-dharmendra-pradhan-nationwide-campaign-pune-lucknow-amritsar-bengaluru-hyderabad-536226-2026-06-11 |work=Business Today |date=11 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> During the Delhi protests, CPI national secretary Annie Raja and National Federation of Indian Women (NFIW) general secretary Nisha Sidhu were allegedly attacked while showing solidarity, sparking nationwide CPI protests.<ref>{{cite news |title=CPI condemns alleged RSS attack on Annie Raja, other leaders during CJP protest |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/cockroach-janta-party-abhijeet-dipke-cjp-protest-in-delhi-jantar-mantar-live-updates-june-6-2026/article71068317.ece |work=The Hindu |date=6 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

=== Parliamentary Conflict ===

The scandal also led to political disputes in Parliament. The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Education, Women, Children, Youth and Sports, headed by Congress leader Digvijaya Singh, decided to review the implementation of the Radhakrishnan Committee's recommendations and the ongoing CBI probe.

A political dispute arose when Education Minister Pradhan publicly dismissed the standing committee's report, stating he would rely solely on the facts of the Radhakrishnan panel rather than a committee containing opposition members. In response, Digvijaya Singh pointed out that 17 of the committee's 30 members were from the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and that the committee's reports (Report 364 and Report 371) had been adopted unanimously, calling Pradhan's dismissal of the parliamentary body deeply concerning and a rejection of bipartisan traditions.

== Judicial Proceedings and Legal Framework ==

The scale of the 2026 compromise led to multiple petitions in the Supreme Court of India. The Federation of All India Medical Association (FAIMA) and the United Doctors Front (UDF) filed joint pleas seeking the restructuring of the NTA and its replacement with a technologically advanced, autonomous body. The petitioners argued that the paper leak represented a systemic failure and requested the introduction of digital locking mechanisms for question papers and an immediate transition to Computer-Based Testing (CBT) to eliminate physical transit risks.

The legal proceedings also marked a major test for the '''Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024''', which had been enacted to curb organized cheating networks and preserve the integrity of public examinations.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024 |url=https://www.impriindia.com/insights/public-examinations-unfair-means-act/ |website=IMPRI Insights |date=21 June 2024 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Key Legal Penalties Under the Public Examinations Act, 2024
! Target Category!! Imprisonment Term!! Financial Penalty!! Corporate & Asset Consequences
|-
| '''Individual Offenders''' || 3 to 5 years<ref>{{cite web |title=The Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024 |url=https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_parliament/2024/The_Public_Examinations_(Prevention_of_Unfair_Means)_Act,_2024.pdf |website=PRS Legislative Research |date=12 February 2024 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> || Up to ₹10 lakh (1 million INR)<ref>{{cite web |title=The Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Bill, 2024 |url=https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_parliament/2024/Public_Examinations_(Prevention_of_Unfair_Means)_Bill,_2024.pdf |website=PRS Legislative Research |date=5 February 2024 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> || Immediate cancellation of exam results, debarment from future examinations, and potential asset recovery.
|-
| '''Service Providers / Vendors''' || — || Up to ₹1 crore (10 million INR) || Four-year ban from conducting any public examinations; personal criminal liability for managing directors.
|-
| '''Organized Cheating Syndicates''' || 5 to 10 years (non-bailable) || Minimum of ₹1 crore (10 million INR) || Attachment, forfeiture, and public auction of all institutional properties and physical assets.
|}

During a Supreme Court hearing, a bench of Justices PS Narasimha and Alok Aradhe noted that the NTA had failed to implement lessons from previous leaks and directed the agency to submit an affidavit detailing its compliance with the 2024 reform directives. To address these concerns, Solicitor General Tushar Mehta informed the court that the central government was personally supervising the re-test preparations to ensure there were no security lapses.<ref>{{cite news |title=PM Modi personally supervising NEET UG 2026 re-exam preparations, SG tells SC |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/education/neet-re-exam-admit-card-2026-live-updates-hall-tickets-out-neet-nta-ac-in-10685220/ |work=The Indian Express |date=9 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

== Security Overhaul for the June 21 Re-Test ==

Ahead of the scheduled June 21 re-test, the NTA and the Ministry of Education introduced several emergency security measures and student-friendly logistical changes to restore public confidence.<ref>{{cite web |title=NTA introduced candidate-friendly changes for NEET (UG) 2026 |url=https://xylemlearning.com/nta-introduced-candidate-friendly-changes-for-neet-ug-2026/ |website=Xylem Learning |date=13 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

=== Lockdown of Paper Setters ===

Under unprecedented security protocols, all subject experts, paper setters, moderators, and translators involved in preparing the June 21 re-exam question papers were placed under a complete isolation lockdown.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG re-exam question paper setters to remain in lockdown until June 21 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/news/story/neet-ug-re-exam-question-paper-setters-to-remain-in-lockdown-until-june-21-2923383-2026-06-08 |work=India Today |date=8 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> Housed at a highly secure, undisclosed facility under round-the-clock surveillance, these individuals were barred from accessing mobile phones, laptops, smartwatches, or personal internet connections. Their contact with the outside world was restricted, and all entry and exit points were documented by security personnel. This lockdown remained in force until the completion of the exam on June 21.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET UG 2026 Re-exam Paper Setters Under Lockdown Until 21 June |url=https://www.thequint.com/news/breaking-news/neet-ug-paper-setters-lockdown-security-measures-june |work=The Quint |date=8 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

=== Indian Air Force Logistics ===

To prevent interception during transit, the central government authorized the Indian Air Force (IAF) to transport printed question papers securely from printing facilities directly to regional distribution hubs across the country. This logistical adjustment bypassed traditional commercial courier services, which had been identified as a security vulnerability in previous exam cycles.

=== Structural Modifications to the Examination Format ===

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Comparison of Exam Layout and Duration
! Feature!! 3 May 2026 Examination!! 21 June 2026 Re-Test
|-
| '''Total Duration''' || 180 minutes || 195 minutes (15-minute extension)
|-
| '''Rough Work Space''' || 2 pages (positioned at the end of the booklet) || 4 pages (2 at the beginning, 2 at the end)
|-
| '''Left-Handed Design''' || Rough pages restricted to the back of the booklet. || Two rough pages placed immediately after the instructions page to support left-handed candidates (representing 10% of aspirants).
|-
| '''Administrative Buffer''' || Registration, signing, and invigilation cut into candidates' writing time. || The 15-minute extension is designated to absorb administrative formalities, giving candidates their full solving time.
|}

=== Dismissal of Re-Exam Leak Rumors ===

On 6 June 2026, messages began circulating on messaging apps and Telegram channels claiming that the June 21 re-test question paper had already been leaked and was available for purchase online.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG 2026 re-exam paper leak rumours fake, NTA warns strict action |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/news/story/neet-ug-2026-re-exam-paper-leak-rumours-fake-nta-warns-strict-action-2923099-2026-06-07 |work=India Today |date=7 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> The NTA issued an official warning, dismissing these claims as false, fraudulent, and the work of organized cheating rackets exploiting student anxiety to extort money. The agency filed formal complaints with law enforcement and cybercrime authorities to take down the offending channels and warned that creating or forwarding such content was a punishable criminal offense.<ref>{{cite news |title=Re-NEET 2026: NTA denies paper leak rumours but social media reacts with scepticism |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/re-neet-2026-nta-denies-paper-leak-rumours-but-social-media-reacts-with-scepticism/articleshow/131561331.cms |work=The Times of India |date=6 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

Additionally, a purported confidential circular carrying the NTA's branding, titled "Directions to Examination Preparation and Moderation Panel for Re-NEET (UG) 2026" and claiming that 40% of the questions would be higher-order conceptual questions, was declared fake by the Press Information Bureau's (PIB) Fact Check unit.<ref>{{cite news |title=PIB debunks fake NEET UG 2026 circular claiming tougher paper ahead of June 21 exam |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/pib-debunks-fake-neet-ug-2026-circular-claiming-tougher-paper-ahead-of-june-21-exam/articleshow/131629477.cms |work=The Times of India |date=10 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

== The Zero-Trust Architecture ==

As a long-term solution to recurring paper leaks, the NTA announced plans to transition to a "zero-trust architecture" for its question-paper creation and delivery systems. This structural redesign is intended to trust systemic processes over individual integrity, reducing human intervention at every stage of the examination cycle.

The core of this model is the delinking of paper-setting from specific examinations. Instead of inviting subject experts to prepare a single, fixed question paper for NEET or JEE, domain-specific experts will contribute questions to a large, centralized repository containing up to 10,000 randomized questions across physics, chemistry, and biology. These experts will remain "examination-agnostic," meaning they will not know which specific test their questions will eventually be used for.

A computer algorithm will then be used on the day of the test to randomly select questions from this repository and generate multiple sets of the final paper, ensuring that no single individual has advance visibility of the exam.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG 2026 paper leak: Algorithm-driven question bank likely in NTA's anti-leak push |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/news/story/neet-ug-2026-paper-leak-algorithm-driven-question-bank-likely-in-ntas-anti-leak-push-2923942-2026-06-09 |work=India Today |date=9 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

To secure the translation process, which was a key point of failure in 2026, the NTA plans to use artificial intelligence (AI) to handle nearly 85% of the translation process. Human translators will be restricted to reviewing and validating individual, isolated questions to verify linguistic accuracy rather than handling complete, assembled question booklets.

The long-term roadmap recommended by the Radhakrishnan Committee also includes a gradual transition of the NEET-UG from a physical pen-and-paper OMR format to a Computer-Based Test (CBT) administered in multiple sessions.<ref>{{cite web |title=NEET-UG 2026 Paper Leak: Crisis in India's Examination System |url=https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/neet-ug-2026-paper-leak-crisis-in-indias-examination-systemd |website=Drishti IAS |date=10 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> This model would eliminate physical paper transit risks, utilizing secure, encrypted digital servers to release the question papers to terminals only minutes before the examination begins. To maintain fairness across multiple test sessions with varying difficulty levels, the NTA plans to use scientific psychometric normalization to calculate candidate percentiles and ranks based on relative performance rather than raw scores.<ref>{{cite news |title=Can Computer-Based Testing tidy up the NEET mess? Pros and cons of shift |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-insight/story/can-computer-based-testing-tidy-up-the-neet-mess-pros-and-cons-of-shift-2924045-2026-06-09 |work=India Today |date=9 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[National Testing Agency]]
* [[Vyapam scam]]
* [[Corruption in India]]
* [[Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024]]

== References ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:2026 in India]]
[[Category:Educational scandals in India]]
[[Category:National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (Undergraduate)]]
[[Category:History of medical education in India]]
[[Category:Medical education in India]]

NEET paper leak 2026

2026-06-14T01:43:25Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Created page with "{{Infobox controversy | name = NEET Paper Leak 2026 | image = | caption = | date = 3 May 2026 (examination conducted) 12 May 2026 (examination cancelled) 21 June 2026 (re-test conducted) | place = India (administered nationwide) | type = Educational scandal, administrative corruption, and logistic compromise | cause = Systemic breach in the confidential paper-setting and translation phases | participants = National Testing Agency (NTA), Central Bure..."

{{Infobox controversy
| name = NEET Paper Leak 2026
| image =
| caption =
| date = 3 May 2026 (examination conducted) 12 May 2026 (examination cancelled) 21 June 2026 (re-test conducted)
| place = [[India]] (administered nationwide)
| type = [[Educational scandal]], administrative corruption, and logistic compromise
| cause = Systemic breach in the confidential paper-setting and translation phases
| participants = [[National Testing Agency]] (NTA), [[Central Bureau of Investigation]] (CBI), state police Special Operations Groups, and coaching syndicate owners
| outcome = Nationwide cancellation of the 3 May exam; re-examination held on 21 June 2026; arrest of 13 syndicate members; proposed migration to a "zero-trust architecture" and Computer-Based Testing
}}

The '''NEET Paper Leak 2026''' (also known as the '''2026 NEET-UG controversy''') is a major administrative, legal, and political crisis in India following the systematic leakage of the question papers for the [[National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (Undergraduate)|NEET-UG]] conducted on 3 May 2026.<ref>{{cite web |title=NEET 2026 Paper Leak Examination Incident Explained |url=https://www.scconline.com/blog/post/2026/05/15/neet-2026-paper-leak-examination-incident-explained/ |website=SCC Online |date=15 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> The examination, administered by the [[National Testing Agency]] (NTA) for over 2.27 million aspirants seeking admission to undergraduate medical (MBBS) and dental (BDS) courses across India, was officially cancelled on 12 May 2026.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG 2026: NTA dismisses claims of re-exam paper 'leak' or 'sale', warns of action |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/neet-ug-2026-nta-dismisses-claims-of-re-exam-paper-leak-or-sale-warns-of-action/article71070337.ece |work=The Hindu |date=6 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

The cancellation followed forensic and police findings that revealed substantial matches between a pre-circulated "guess paper" and the actual exam questions. The central government subsequently handed the probe to the [[Central Bureau of Investigation]] (CBI), which exposed links originating from NTA-appointed subject experts and translators during the confidential paper-setting and translation phase.<ref>{{cite news |title=After NEET-UG 2026 leak, NTA wants question setters to not know which exam they're setting papers for |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/education/after-neet-ug-2026-leak-nta-wants-question-setters-to-not-know-which-exam-theyre-setting-papers-for-10727617/ |work=The Indian Express |date=9 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> A national re-test was scheduled for 21 June 2026 under strict security, including a lockdown of paper setters.<ref>{{cite news |title=No phones, no internet: NEET-UG paper setters under lockdown till June 21 re-exam: Report |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/no-phones-no-internet-neet-ug-paper-setters-under-lockdown-till-june-21-re-exam-report-4031218 |work=Deccan Herald |date=7 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> The incident sparked widespread street protests by student groups, a series of student suicides, multi-state police actions, and deep political divisions in [[Parliament of India|Parliament]].<ref>{{cite web |title=NEET Paper Leak 2026! When the Cockroach Janata Party (CJP) Marched to Jantar Mantar |url=https://vidyamandir.com/studyhub/neet-2026-cockroach-janata-party-jantar-mantar-protest/ |website=Vidyamandir |date=13 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=So sad the NTA has not learnt its lesson, SC reacts to NEET-UG 2026 paper leak |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/neet-paper-leak-sc-seeks-response-from-centre-nta-says-its-sad-they-have-not-learnt-lesson-despite-several-directions/article71020032.ece |work=The Hindu |date=25 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

== Background ==

The [[National Testing Agency]] was established by the central government in 2017 under the Societies Registration Act, 1860, with the mandate to conduct standardized, efficient, and transparent entrance exams.<ref>{{cite web |title=NEET-UG 2026 Paper Leak: Failure of India's Exam Ecosystem |url=https://www.visionias.in/blog/current-affairs/neet-ug-2026-paper-leak-failure-of-indias-exam-ecosystem |website=Vision IAS |date=9 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> Prior to its establishment, medical entrance exams were managed by the [[Central Board of Secondary Education]] (CBSE), but consolidated medical admissions under NTA were intended to eliminate localized corruption and systemic malpractices.

Despite these structural goals, the NEET-UG remained vulnerable due to its reliance on physical, pen-and-paper examinations involving millions of printed question booklets.<ref>{{cite news |title=Local transport, storage and human handling are the weakest links in conducting NEET, according to panel report |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/local-transport-storage-and-human-handling-are-the-weakest-links-in-conducting-neet-according-to-panel-report/article70974678.ece |work=The Hindu |date=13 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> Following major security lapses during the 2024 NEET cycle, a High-Level Committee of Experts (HLCE) chaired by former [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] (ISRO) Chairman Dr. K. Radhakrishnan submitted a comprehensive report containing 101 recommendations to overhaul the NTA's functioning.<ref>{{cite news |title=Majority of NEET reform recommendations already implemented: former ISRO chief to SC |url=https://education.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/higher-education/majority-of-neet-reform-recommendations-already-implemented-former-isro-chief-to-sc/131395066 |work=The Economic Times |date=8 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> These guidelines recommended the operationalization of State Level Coordinating Committees (SLCCs) and District Level Coordinating Committees (DLCCs) to coordinate and monitor operations.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Supreme Court has directed the Union of India to file an affidavit on the NEET-UG 2026 paper leak controversy |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/education/neet-ug-2026-paper-leak-supreme-court-hearing-faima-udf-10712278/ |work=The Indian Express |date=25 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> For the May 3, 2026 exam, the NTA had established 18 SLCCs and 621 DLCCs consisting of administrative, police, and intelligence officials to enhance field security.

The socio-economic landscape surrounding the exam has also been shaped by a massive private coaching industry.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET leakage: Are authorities endorsing systemic failure? |url=https://thesouthfirst.com/opinion/neet-leakage-are-authorities-endorsing-systemic-failure/ |work=The South First |date=25 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> In regional hubs such as [[Sikar]] in [[Rajasthan]] and [[Latur]] in [[Maharashtra]], the hyper-competitive nature of medical admissions has created an environment where families pay significant sums for competitive advantages, fostering commercial incentives for organized cheating networks to exploit vulnerabilities in the NTA's supply and administration chains.

== Detection of the Paper Leak ==

On 3 May 2026, the NTA administered the NEET-UG exam across 5,432 examination centers in 552 domestic and 14 overseas cities, utilizing biometric verification, AI-assisted CCTV surveillance, and mobile signal jammers to deter electronic malpractice.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG 2026 cancelled to protect students' interests: NTA in SC |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/news/neet-ug-2026-cancelled-to-protect-students-interests-nta-in-sc |work=The News Minute |date=29 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Key Metrics of the 3 May 2026 Examination
! Metric!! Data Point
|-
| Registered Candidates || Over 2.27 million (22.7 Lakh)
|-
| Total Examination Centers || 5,432 centers
|-
| Domestic Cities Covered || 552 cities
|-
| Overseas Cities Covered || 14 cities
|-
| Percentage of Government Centers Used || 99.5%
|}

Immediately following the test, allegations surfaced that a "guess paper" or question bank had been circulated on [[WhatsApp]] and Telegram networks in Sikar, Rajasthan, prior to the exam.<ref>{{cite news |title=CBI arrests two more in NEET UG 2026 leak, total arrests rise to 13 as investigation expands |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/cbi-arrests-two-more-in-neet-ug-2026-leak-total-arrests-rise-to-13-as-investigation-expands/articleshow/131346777.cms |work=The Times of India |date=27 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> The leak was initially flagged after whistleblower activity in Rajasthan pointed to a viral PDF match closely mirroring the actual examination paper. The "guess paper", consisting of a 150-page document containing 410 questions, was leaked to select aspirants weeks before the examination.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG leak accused seeks interim bail for retest |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/neet-ug-leak-accused-interim-bail-retest-10731266/ |work=The Indian Express |date=12 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> Upon comparison, investigators found that 120 questions—focusing on Chemistry and Biology—directly matched the official exam paper.

The Special Operations Group (SOG) of the Rajasthan Police initiated a multi-state investigation, identifying "striking similarities" and detaining individuals linked to the paper trail across Maharashtra and Rajasthan.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG 2026 paper leak: CBI arrests two more accused |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/neet-ug-2026-paper-leak-cbi-arrests-two-more-accused/article70979655.ece |work=The Hindu |date=14 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> Following the initial findings, the NTA cancelled the examination on 12 May 2026, and the central government transferred the investigation to the CBI.

== Syndicate and CBI Investigation ==

The CBI's forensic and custodial investigations revealed that the leak did not occur during the physical transit of printed materials, but rather during the NTA's highly confidential paper-setting and translation phase, known as Confidential Operations (CONOPs).<ref>{{cite news |title=NTA plans major overhaul in question paper system after NEET-UG leak row: All you need to know |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/jobs-career/education-nta-plans-major-overhaul-in-question-paper-system-after-neet-ug-leak-row-all-you-need-to-know-4261197/ |work=Financial Express |date=9 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

=== Key Syndicate Members ===

The investigation resulted in the arrest of 13 key syndicate members, exposing a coordinated network of academic professionals, coaching center owners, and medical practitioners:<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG 2026 paper leak: CBI arrests Latur-based doctor, Pune physics teacher; 13 held so far |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/neet-ug-2026-paper-leak-cbi-arrests-latur-based-doctor-pune-physics-teacher-13-held-so-far-4017660 |work=Deccan Herald |date=26 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Key Accused in the NEET 2026 Paper Leak
! Name!! Position/Affiliation!! Role and Method of Leak!! Current Status
|-
| '''Manisha Sanjay Havaldar''' || Headmistress, Seth Hiralal Saraf Prashala (Pune)<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG 2026 case: CBI arrests another key accused for leaking Physics questions |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/cbi-arrests-key-accused-linked-to-neet-ug-2026-physics-paper-leak-case/article71011069.ece |work=The Hindu |date=22 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> || Appointed by NTA as a subject expert and translator; drafted handwritten copies of Physics questions during translation, printed them using a school computer, and distributed them. She subsequently deleted digital chats and burned her notes.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pune school principal shared neet related questions for money CBI tells court |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/pune-school-principal-shared-neet-related-questions-for-money-cbi-tells-court/article71019825.ece |work=The Hindu |date=25 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> || Arrested on 22 May 2026; remanded to CBI custody.<ref>{{cite news |title=Delhi court sends physics lecturer Manisha Sanjay Havaldar to six-day CBI custody in NEET-UG paper leak case |url=https://newsonair.gov.in/delhi-court-sends-physics-lecturer-manisha-sanjay-havaldar-to-six-day-cbi-custody-in-neet-ug-paper-leak-case/ |work=News On AIR |date=25 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>
|-
| '''Manisha Gurunath Mandhare''' || Senior Botany Lecturer, Modern College (Pune) || Collaborated with Havaldar; utilized access to Zoology and Botany papers to run unauthorized "revision classes" at her Pune home, making candidates write down the leaked questions.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG paper leak: CBI arrests Latur coaching institute owner |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/neet-ug-paper-leak-cbi-arrests-renukai-chemistry-classes-rcc-founder-shivraj-raghunath-motegaonkar-in-latur/article70992914.ece |work=The Hindu |date=18 May 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> || Arrested by CBI in May 2026; currently in judicial custody.
|-
| '''P. V. Kulkarni''' || Chemistry Lecturer (Pune) || Associated with NTA confidential processes; extracted and leaked the Chemistry questions to coaching centers. || Arrested by the CBI in mid-May 2026.
|-
| '''Shivaraj Raghunath Motegaonkar''' || Owner, Renukai Chemistry Classes (Latur) || Gold-medalist Chemistry professor; received Chemistry question bank on 23 April 2026 and distributed them through his extensive coaching network spanning Pune, Latur, and Nashik. || Arrested by the CBI on 18 May 2026 after an 11-hour interrogation.
|-
| '''Tejas Harshadkumar Shah''' || Physics Faculty, APMA (Pune) || Associated with Havaldar; received leaked physics questions and served as a link. He was saved as "God" on Havaldar's phone, and financial transactions were traced to his husband. || Arrested by the CBI on 26 May 2026.
|-
| '''Dr. Manoj Shirure''' || Medical Practitioner (Latur) || Intermediary; facilitated access to leaked Chemistry questions from Kulkarni for three students, including a coaching institute owner's son. || Arrested by the CBI on 26 May 2026.
|-
| '''Manisha Waghmare''' || Tutor & Intermediary (Pune) || Mobilized prospective candidates, collected monetary payments, and organized logistics for unauthorized prep sessions. || Arrested on 14 May 2026; bail application rejected by Rouse Avenue Court on 9 June 2026.
|}

Other arrests included regional coordinators and intermediaries: Dhananjay Lokhande, an ayurveda practitioner from Ahilyanagar; Shubham Khairnar from Nashik; Mangilal, Vikas, and Dinesh Biwal from Jaipur; and Yash Yadav from Gurugram. Yash Yadav, who allegedly received the PDF files of the leak on Telegram, filed an interim bail application in a Delhi court seeking release to study for and write the 21 June re-test, which was scheduled to be heard on 12 June 2026.

== Public Backlash and Political Fallout ==

The cancellation of the exam on 12 May 2026 caused widespread distress among students and parents, many of whom had invested significant financial and personal resources into preparation. The recurring nature of these exam irregularities triggered public outrage and led to protests by student groups, such as the National Students' Union of India (NSUI), outside Shastri Bhavan in New Delhi, demanding accountability and the resignation of NTA officials. The psychological toll was severe, with media reports confirming that at least three candidates committed suicide due to the stress and uncertainty surrounding the re-examination.

=== The Cockroach Janta Party ===

Among the public reactions was the rise of the '''Cockroach Janta Party''' (CJP), a youth-led satirical political movement founded by Abhijeet Dipke, a 30-year-old political strategist and Boston University graduate. The movement was formed in response to remarks reportedly made by Chief Justice of India Surya Kant, who had compared government critics and unemployed youth to "cockroaches" and "parasites".<ref>{{cite news |title=CJP begins nationwide protest, Dharmendra Pradhan in Pune today |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/trends/cjp-begins-nationwide-protest-dharmendra-pradhan-in-pune-today-indefinite-sit-in-at-jantar-mantar-neet-ug-cbse-11781139413510.html |work=Livemint |date=11 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> Dipke launched a satirical page on social media that quickly gained traction, channeling youth frustration over exam leaks, systemic corruption, and limited economic opportunities.

On 6 June 2026, the CJP staged a major protest at Delhi's Jantar Mantar, drawing more than 1,200 students and young people wearing cockroach masks and carrying high-school textbooks. Climate activist Sonam Wangchuk joined the demonstration, and the CJP appointed investigative journalist Saurav Das as its chief spokesperson, along with political researcher Vijeta Dahiya and former management consultant Ashutosh Ranka, to represent the movement's demands.

The group demanded the immediate resignation of Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan, citing student suicides and a loss of public trust in the education system. The CJP warned of an indefinite sit-in at Jantar Mantar from 20 June 2026 if Pradhan did not step down, and organized parallel demonstrations across Pune, Lucknow, Amritsar, Bengaluru, Jaipur, and Hyderabad.<ref>{{cite news |title=Cockroach Janta Party (CJP) protest against Dharmendra Pradhan: Nationwide campaign |url=https://www.businesstoday.in/india/story/cockroach-janta-party-cjp-protest-against-dharmendra-pradhan-nationwide-campaign-pune-lucknow-amritsar-bengaluru-hyderabad-536226-2026-06-11 |work=Business Today |date=11 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> During the Delhi protests, CPI national secretary Annie Raja and National Federation of Indian Women (NFIW) general secretary Nisha Sidhu were allegedly attacked while showing solidarity, sparking nationwide CPI protests.<ref>{{cite news |title=CPI condemns alleged RSS attack on Annie Raja, other leaders during CJP protest |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/cockroach-janta-party-abhijeet-dipke-cjp-protest-in-delhi-jantar-mantar-live-updates-june-6-2026/article71068317.ece |work=The Hindu |date=6 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

=== Parliamentary Conflict ===

The scandal also led to political disputes in Parliament. The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Education, Women, Children, Youth and Sports, headed by Congress leader Digvijaya Singh, decided to review the implementation of the Radhakrishnan Committee's recommendations and the ongoing CBI probe.

A political dispute arose when Education Minister Pradhan publicly dismissed the standing committee's report, stating he would rely solely on the facts of the Radhakrishnan panel rather than a committee containing opposition members. In response, Digvijaya Singh pointed out that 17 of the committee's 30 members were from the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and that the committee's reports (Report 364 and Report 371) had been adopted unanimously, calling Pradhan's dismissal of the parliamentary body deeply concerning and a rejection of bipartisan traditions.

== Judicial Proceedings and Legal Framework ==

The scale of the 2026 compromise led to multiple petitions in the Supreme Court of India. The Federation of All India Medical Association (FAIMA) and the United Doctors Front (UDF) filed joint pleas seeking the restructuring of the NTA and its replacement with a technologically advanced, autonomous body. The petitioners argued that the paper leak represented a systemic failure and requested the introduction of digital locking mechanisms for question papers and an immediate transition to Computer-Based Testing (CBT) to eliminate physical transit risks.

The legal proceedings also marked a major test for the '''Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024''', which had been enacted to curb organized cheating networks and preserve the integrity of public examinations.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024 |url=https://www.impriindia.com/insights/public-examinations-unfair-means-act/ |website=IMPRI Insights |date=21 June 2024 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Key Legal Penalties Under the Public Examinations Act, 2024
! Target Category!! Imprisonment Term!! Financial Penalty!! Corporate & Asset Consequences
|-
| '''Individual Offenders''' || 3 to 5 years<ref>{{cite web |title=The Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024 |url=https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_parliament/2024/The_Public_Examinations_(Prevention_of_Unfair_Means)_Act,_2024.pdf |website=PRS Legislative Research |date=12 February 2024 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> || Up to ₹10 lakh (1 million INR)<ref>{{cite web |title=The Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Bill, 2024 |url=https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_parliament/2024/Public_Examinations_(Prevention_of_Unfair_Means)_Bill,_2024.pdf |website=PRS Legislative Research |date=5 February 2024 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> || Immediate cancellation of exam results, debarment from future examinations, and potential asset recovery.
|-
| '''Service Providers / Vendors''' || — || Up to ₹1 crore (10 million INR) || Four-year ban from conducting any public examinations; personal criminal liability for managing directors.
|-
| '''Organized Cheating Syndicates''' || 5 to 10 years (non-bailable) || Minimum of ₹1 crore (10 million INR) || Attachment, forfeiture, and public auction of all institutional properties and physical assets.
|}

During a Supreme Court hearing, a bench of Justices PS Narasimha and Alok Aradhe noted that the NTA had failed to implement lessons from previous leaks and directed the agency to submit an affidavit detailing its compliance with the 2024 reform directives. To address these concerns, Solicitor General Tushar Mehta informed the court that the central government was personally supervising the re-test preparations to ensure there were no security lapses.<ref>{{cite news |title=PM Modi personally supervising NEET UG 2026 re-exam preparations, SG tells SC |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/education/neet-re-exam-admit-card-2026-live-updates-hall-tickets-out-neet-nta-ac-in-10685220/ |work=The Indian Express |date=9 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

== Security Overhaul for the June 21 Re-Test ==

Ahead of the scheduled June 21 re-test, the NTA and the Ministry of Education introduced several emergency security measures and student-friendly logistical changes to restore public confidence.<ref>{{cite web |title=NTA introduced candidate-friendly changes for NEET (UG) 2026 |url=https://xylemlearning.com/nta-introduced-candidate-friendly-changes-for-neet-ug-2026/ |website=Xylem Learning |date=13 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

=== Lockdown of Paper Setters ===

Under unprecedented security protocols, all subject experts, paper setters, moderators, and translators involved in preparing the June 21 re-exam question papers were placed under a complete isolation lockdown.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG re-exam question paper setters to remain in lockdown until June 21 |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/news/story/neet-ug-re-exam-question-paper-setters-to-remain-in-lockdown-until-june-21-2923383-2026-06-08 |work=India Today |date=8 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> Housed at a highly secure, undisclosed facility under round-the-clock surveillance, these individuals were barred from accessing mobile phones, laptops, smartwatches, or personal internet connections. Their contact with the outside world was restricted, and all entry and exit points were documented by security personnel. This lockdown remained in force until the completion of the exam on June 21.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET UG 2026 Re-exam Paper Setters Under Lockdown Until 21 June |url=https://www.thequint.com/news/breaking-news/neet-ug-paper-setters-lockdown-security-measures-june |work=The Quint |date=8 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

=== Indian Air Force Logistics ===

To prevent interception during transit, the central government authorized the Indian Air Force (IAF) to transport printed question papers securely from printing facilities directly to regional distribution hubs across the country. This logistical adjustment bypassed traditional commercial courier services, which had been identified as a security vulnerability in previous exam cycles.

=== Structural Modifications to the Examination Format ===

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Comparison of Exam Layout and Duration
! Feature!! 3 May 2026 Examination!! 21 June 2026 Re-Test
|-
| '''Total Duration''' || 180 minutes || 195 minutes (15-minute extension)
|-
| '''Rough Work Space''' || 2 pages (positioned at the end of the booklet) || 4 pages (2 at the beginning, 2 at the end)
|-
| '''Left-Handed Design''' || Rough pages restricted to the back of the booklet. || Two rough pages placed immediately after the instructions page to support left-handed candidates (representing 10% of aspirants).
|-
| '''Administrative Buffer''' || Registration, signing, and invigilation cut into candidates' writing time. || The 15-minute extension is designated to absorb administrative formalities, giving candidates their full solving time.
|}

=== Dismissal of Re-Exam Leak Rumors ===

On 6 June 2026, messages began circulating on messaging apps and Telegram channels claiming that the June 21 re-test question paper had already been leaked and was available for purchase online.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG 2026 re-exam paper leak rumours fake, NTA warns strict action |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/news/story/neet-ug-2026-re-exam-paper-leak-rumours-fake-nta-warns-strict-action-2923099-2026-06-07 |work=India Today |date=7 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> The NTA issued an official warning, dismissing these claims as false, fraudulent, and the work of organized cheating rackets exploiting student anxiety to extort money. The agency filed formal complaints with law enforcement and cybercrime authorities to take down the offending channels and warned that creating or forwarding such content was a punishable criminal offense.<ref>{{cite news |title=Re-NEET 2026: NTA denies paper leak rumours but social media reacts with scepticism |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/re-neet-2026-nta-denies-paper-leak-rumours-but-social-media-reacts-with-scepticism/articleshow/131561331.cms |work=The Times of India |date=6 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

Additionally, a purported confidential circular carrying the NTA's branding, titled "Directions to Examination Preparation and Moderation Panel for Re-NEET (UG) 2026" and claiming that 40% of the questions would be higher-order conceptual questions, was declared fake by the Press Information Bureau's (PIB) Fact Check unit.<ref>{{cite news |title=PIB debunks fake NEET UG 2026 circular claiming tougher paper ahead of June 21 exam |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/education/news/pib-debunks-fake-neet-ug-2026-circular-claiming-tougher-paper-ahead-of-june-21-exam/articleshow/131629477.cms |work=The Times of India |date=10 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

== The Zero-Trust Architecture ==

As a long-term solution to recurring paper leaks, the NTA announced plans to transition to a "zero-trust architecture" for its question-paper creation and delivery systems. This structural redesign is intended to trust systemic processes over individual integrity, reducing human intervention at every stage of the examination cycle.

The core of this model is the delinking of paper-setting from specific examinations. Instead of inviting subject experts to prepare a single, fixed question paper for NEET or JEE, domain-specific experts will contribute questions to a large, centralized repository containing up to 10,000 randomized questions across physics, chemistry, and biology. These experts will remain "examination-agnostic," meaning they will not know which specific test their questions will eventually be used for.

A computer algorithm will then be used on the day of the test to randomly select questions from this repository and generate multiple sets of the final paper, ensuring that no single individual has advance visibility of the exam.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEET-UG 2026 paper leak: Algorithm-driven question bank likely in NTA's anti-leak push |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/news/story/neet-ug-2026-paper-leak-algorithm-driven-question-bank-likely-in-ntas-anti-leak-push-2923942-2026-06-09 |work=India Today |date=9 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

To secure the translation process, which was a key point of failure in 2026, the NTA plans to use artificial intelligence (AI) to handle nearly 85% of the translation process. Human translators will be restricted to reviewing and validating individual, isolated questions to verify linguistic accuracy rather than handling complete, assembled question booklets.

The long-term roadmap recommended by the Radhakrishnan Committee also includes a gradual transition of the NEET-UG from a physical pen-and-paper OMR format to a Computer-Based Test (CBT) administered in multiple sessions.<ref>{{cite web |title=NEET-UG 2026 Paper Leak: Crisis in India's Examination System |url=https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/neet-ug-2026-paper-leak-crisis-in-indias-examination-systemd |website=Drishti IAS |date=10 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref> This model would eliminate physical paper transit risks, utilizing secure, encrypted digital servers to release the question papers to terminals only minutes before the examination begins. To maintain fairness across multiple test sessions with varying difficulty levels, the NTA plans to use scientific psychometric normalization to calculate candidate percentiles and ranks based on relative performance rather than raw scores.<ref>{{cite news |title=Can Computer-Based Testing tidy up the NEET mess? Pros and cons of shift |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-insight/story/can-computer-based-testing-tidy-up-the-neet-mess-pros-and-cons-of-shift-2924045-2026-06-09 |work=India Today |date=9 June 2026 |access-date=14 June 2026}}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[National Testing Agency]]
* [[Vyapam scam]]
* [[Corruption in India]]
* [[Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024]]

== References ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:2026 in India]]
[[Category:Educational scandals in India]]
[[Category:National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (Undergraduate)]]
[[Category:History of medical education in India]]
[[Category:Medical education in India]]

Killing of Dipu Chandra Das

2026-06-11T11:46:58Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Redirected page to Lynching of Dipu Chandra Das

#REDIRECT [[Lynching of Dipu Chandra Das]]

Killing of Dipu Chandra Das

2026-06-11T11:37:29Z

Bharatwiki Socrates: Created page with "{{Short description|2025 lynching of Hindu worker in Bangladesh}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2026}} {{Infobox civilian attack | title = Lynching of Dipu Chandra Das | partof = the 2025 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence and December 2025 political violence | image = | caption = | location = Square Masterbari area, Bhaluka, Mymensingh, Bangladesh | coordinates = | date = 18 December 2025 | time = Around 9:00 pm |..."

{{Short description|2025 lynching of Hindu worker in Bangladesh}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2026}}

{{Infobox civilian attack
| title = Lynching of Dipu Chandra Das
| partof = the [[2025 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence]] and [[December 2025 Bangladesh violence|December 2025 political violence]]
| image =
| caption =
| location = Square Masterbari area, [[Bhaluka Upazila|Bhaluka]], Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| coordinates =
| date = 18 December 2025
| time = Around 9:00 pm
| timezone = [[Bangladesh Standard Time|BST]] ([[UTC+06:00]])
| type = [[Mob violence]], [[lynching]]
| fatalities = 1
| victim = Dipu Chandra Das (aged 27)
| perpetrators = Mob of 140–150 people (per police report)
| motive = Alleged [[blasphemy]]
}}

On 18 December 2025, Dipu Chandra Das, a [[Hindus|Hindu]] garment worker in [[Bhaluka Upazila|Bhaluka]], Bangladesh, was brutally beaten, hanged from a tree, and [[Death by burning|set on fire]] by a large Islamist mob in a [[Anti-Hindu sentiment|Hinduphobic]] hate crime. He was accused of making derogatory remarks about [[Islam]] at a factory event, though investigators later reported no evidence was found to support the allegation.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 December 2025 |title=Lynching of Hindu man in Mymensingh: No direct evidence of derogatory remarks found, says RAB |url=https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/lynching-hindu-man-mymensingh-no-direct-evidence-derogatory-remarks-found-says-rab |access-date=30 December 2025 |website=The Business Standard |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 December 2025 |title=No evidence found of derogatory remarks by lynched garment worker: Rab |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/news/no-evidence-found-derogatory-remarks-lynched-garment-worker-rab-4062731 |access-date=30 December 2025 |website=The Daily Star |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=21 December 2025 |title=Dipu Das forced to resign and handed over to enraged mob: RAB |url=https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/ctr8y8t4z3 |access-date=30 December 2025 |website=Prothomalo |language=en}}</ref>

==Background==
{{see also|December 2025 Bangladesh violence}}
The lynching took place against a backdrop of escalating Islamist violence in Bangladesh following the death of [[Sharif Osman Hadi]], a prominent youth leader who died on 18 December 2025 from gunshot wounds. Hadi had been a key figure in the [[2024 Bangladesh protests]] that led to the ousting of Prime Minister [[Sheikh Hasina]] in August 2024. His death sparked further violent unrest across the country.<ref name="nyt2">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/12/19/world/asia/bangladesh-riots-student-killing.html |title=Riots Erupt in Bangladesh After the Killing of a Student Leader |last1=Hasnat |first1=Saif |last2=Travelli |first2=Alex |date=19 December 2025 |website=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=25 December 2025 |quote=On Friday, while protesters took to the streets in anger over Mr. Hadi’s death, the police reported that a mob had lynched a Hindu laborer in Mymensingh. The victim, Dipu Chandra Das, 27, was accused of blasphemy, the police said, and then tied to a tree and burned alive.}}</ref><ref name="statesman">{{cite web |title=Sharif Osman Hadi death: Bangladesh urges citizens to 'resist mob violence', condemns lynching of Hindu man |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/world/sharif-osman-hadi-death-bangladesh-urges-citizens-to-resist-mob-violence-condemns-lynching-of-hindu-man-1503528007.html |website=The Statesman |date=19 December 2025 |access-date=20 December 2025}}</ref>

Following the removal of Sheikh Hasina's government, Bangladesh witnessed a surge in [[2025 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence|targeted violence against the Hindu minority]] fueled by [[Islamism|Islamist]] groups.<ref name="thehindu">{{cite web |title=Hindu man lynched to death in Bangladesh over alleged blasphemy |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/hindu-man-lynched-to-death-in-bangladesh-over-alleged-blasphemy/article70416929.ece |website=The Hindu |date=20 December 2025 |access-date=20 December 2025}}</ref> According to the 2022 Bangladesh national census, there were approximately 13.1 million Hindus in Bangladesh, constituting about 7.95% of the country's population.<ref name="sundayguardian">{{cite web |title=Bangladesh violence live updates, Sharif Osman Hadi's death |url=https://sundayguardianlive.com/bangladesh-violence-live-updates-sharif-osman-hadis-death-mujibur-rehmans-house-torched-who-is-dipu-chandra-das-what-is-happening-in-bangladesh-what-is-the-reason-for-unrest-in-bangladesh-162286/ |website=Sunday Guardian Live |date=20 December 2025 |access-date=20 December 2025}}</ref>

Dipu Chandra Das was a garment factory worker employed at Pioneer Knit Composite Factory in the Square Masterbari area of [[Bhaluka Upazila]].<ref name="dailystar">{{cite web |title=Mob kills man over 'hurting religious sentiments' |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news/bangladesh/crime-justice/news/mob-kills-man-over-hurting-religious-sentiments-4062241 |website=The Daily Star |date=20 December 2025 |access-date=20 December 2025}}</ref><ref name="tbsnews">{{cite web |title=Hindu man lynched, body set ablaze over blasphemy allegation in Mymensingh: BBC Bangla |url=https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/crime/hindu-man-lynched-body-set-ablaze-over-blasphemy-allegation-mymensingh-bbc-bangla |website=The Business Standard |date=19 December 2025 |access-date=20 December 2025}}</ref> He was a 27-year-old resident of Mukamiakanda village in [[Tarakanda Upazila]] of [[Mymensingh District]]. He was married and the father of a three-year-old daughter.<ref name="dailystar"/> Das had been living as a tenant in the Dubalia Para area of Bhaluka.<ref name="indiatv">{{cite web |title=Hindu man lynched in Bangladesh over blasphemy charges amid unrest over youth leader's death |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/news/world/hindu-man-lynched-in-bangladesh-over-blasphemy-charges-amid-unrest-over-youth-leader-sharif-osman-hadi-s-death-2025-12-19-1022413 |website=India TV News |date=19 December 2025 |access-date=20 December 2025}}</ref>

==Lynching==
On the evening of 18 December 2025, Dipu Chandra Das was accused of [[Islam and blasphemy|insulting the Islamic prophet Muhammad]] during a casual conversation among co-workers near closing time at the Pioneer Knitwear factory. The allegation spread rapidly, inciting Islamist fury. CCTV footage showed Das clocking out roughly 30 minutes after the conversation, before returning to the factory floor approximately two hours later. By around 6pm, a mob had gathered both inside the factory and outside on the street. The crowd that began at several hundred at the factory gates, demanding Das be handed over, swelled to more than a thousand.<ref name="BBC 16 February"/>

Factory management had alerted police, but even as officers arrived, they failed to protect him from the mob. The Islamists eventually seized Das. He was beaten outside the factory before his body was dragged more than a kilometre through crowded streets to a busy highway, tied by the neck to a tree, and set on fire before hundreds of onlookers. Police estimated that around 150 people were directly involved in the attack.<ref name="BBC 16 February">{{cite web |last=Biswas |first=Soutik |date=16 February 2026 |title='Dragged out and set on fire' – the Bangladesh mob killing that shocked the world |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cj3vve6v17xo |publisher=BBC |access-date=3 March 2026}}</ref> Videos widely shared on social media showed mobs chanting "[[Takbir|Nara-e-Takbeer, Allahu Akbar]]" while kicking and beating Das's unconscious body. Another video showed his naked and hanging body surrounded by a cheering, dancing mob.<ref name="ABC 4 January">{{cite web |last=Choahan |first=Neelima |last2=Hossain |first2=S M Faiyaz |date=4 January 2026 |title=Bangladeshi Hindus on edge as Islamic extremists target minority community |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2026-01-04/bangladeshi-hindu-minority-fearful-after-lynching-of-worker/106192790 |publisher=ABC News |access-date=3 March 2026}}</ref>

==Investigation==
Police recovered Das's body and sent it to [[Mymensingh Medical College|Mymensingh Medical College Hospital]] for a post-mortem examination.<ref name="dailystar"/> Das's brother, Apu Chandra Das, filed a case with Bhaluka Police Station accusing 140–150 unnamed persons.<ref name="dailystar"/>

The [[Rapid Action Battalion]] (RAB) stated that there was no direct evidence of "religious defamation." RAB also found no one who personally heard or witnessed anything related to religious defamation.<ref name="bbc">{{cite web |date=20 December 2025 |title=ময়মনসিংহের ভালুকায় হিন্দু ধর্মাবলম্বী যুবককে পিটিয়ে পুড়িয়ে হত্যা, কী ঘটেছিলো সেখানে |url=https://www.bbc.com/bengali/articles/c98n2en1ppmo |access-date=20 December 2025 |website=BBC News বাংলা |language=bn}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=No evidence of religious slurs in Mymensingh killing, 10 held: RAB | website=jagonews24.com | date=20 December 2025 | url=https://www.jagonews24.com/en/national/news/88208 | access-date=23 December 2025}}</ref> By 22 December, authorities had arrested a total of 12 people, including two of Das's co-workers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=12 accused put on three-day remand over Dipu Chandra Das murder |url=http://www.daily-sun.com/bangladesh/847527/12-accused-put-on-three-day-remand-over-dipu-chandra-das-murder |access-date=23 December 2025 |website=Daily Sun |language=en}}</ref> Md. Sohel Rana was arrested later for allegedly inciting workers and abusing the dead body.<ref>{{Cite web |last=bdnews24.com |title=দিপু হত্যা: ‘লাশের উপর নির্যাতন’ চালানো সোহেল গ্রেপ্তার |url=https://bangla.bdnews24.com/samagrabangladesh/52d958df07c8 |access-date=15 March 2026 |website=দিপু হত্যা: ‘লাশের উপর নির্যাতন’ চালানো সোহেল গ্রেপ্তার |language=en}}</ref>

==Reactions==
===Domestic===
The lynching was openly celebrated by many in Bangladesh, including a prospective parliamentary candidate who praised the killers for bringing "joy to the hearts of the people."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/12/22/world/asia/bangladesh-hindu-muslim-lynching.html |title=Lynching of a Hindu in Bangladesh Fans Fears of Rising Intolerance |last1=Hasnat |first1=Saif |last2=Mashal |first2=Mujib |date=22 December 2025 |website=New York Times |access-date=22 December 2025 |quote=But the religiously motivated murder of Mr. Das was openly celebrated by many. "You have brought joy to the hearts of the people," Jubayer Ahmad Tasrif, who is planning to run in parliamentary elections, said in a video he posted on Facebook.}}</ref>

===International===
The [[Ministry of External Affairs (India)|Ministry of External Affairs of India]] expressed deep concern over the barbaric killing and ongoing attacks on Hindu minorities.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 December 2025 |title=India urges justice for Dipu killing, voices concern over attacks on minorities in Bangladesh |url=https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/india-urges-justice-dipu-chandra-das-killing-voices-concern-over-minority-attacks |access-date=25 December 2025 |website=The Business Standard |language=en}}</ref> Indian politicians strongly condemned the violence as part of a pattern of targeting Hindus.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 December 2025 |title=Pawan Kalyan, Priyanka Gandhi Condemn Lynching of Hindu Worker in Bangladesh |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/video/bangladesh-violence-pawan-kalyan-priyanka-gandhi-condemn-lynching-of-hindu-man-deepu-das-ytvd-2838920-2025-12-20 |access-date=20 December 2025 |website=India Today |language=en}}</ref><ref name="thenewsmill">{{cite web |title=Congress MP Shashi Tharoor questions Bangladesh over the mob lynching of Hindu man Dipu Chandra Das |url=https://thenewsmill.com/2025/12/congess-mp-shashi-tharoor-questions-bangladesh-over-the-mob-lynching-of-hindu-man-dipu-chandra-das/ |website=The News Mill |date=20 December 2025 |access-date=20 December 2025}}</ref>

The [[United States Department of State|US State Department]] condemned the lynching as "horrific" and urged protection of minorities.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Condemns Lynching Of Hindu Worker Dipu Chandra Das In Bangladesh, Urges Protection Of Minorities |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/world/us-condemns-lynching-of-hindu-worker-dipu-chandra-das-in-bangladesh-urges-protection-of-minorities |access-date=28 December 2025 |website=Free Press Journal |language=en}}</ref> US lawmakers highlighted concerns over attacks on Hindus and misuse of blasphemy accusations.<ref>{{cite web | title=US lawmaker seeks briefing from Marco Rubio on killings of Hindu minorities in Bangladesh | website=Firstpost | date=24 December 2025 | url=https://www.firstpost.com/world/us-lawmaker-seeks-briefing-from-marco-rubio-on-killings-of-hindu-minorities-in-bangladesh-13962530.html | access-date=28 December 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last= |date=28 December 2025 |title=U.S. lawmaker condemns killing of Hindu garment factory worker in Bangladesh |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/international/us-lawmaker-condemns-killing-of-hindu-garment-factory-worker-in-bangladesh/article70445609.ece |access-date=28 December 2025 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

[[Amnesty International]] called for action against those responsible for the violence rooted in blasphemy allegations.<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 December 2025 |title=Those responsible for violence and killings must be brought to justice without delay: Amnesty |url=https://en.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/njlgpdiu40 |access-date=21 December 2025 |website=Prothomalo |language=en}}</ref>

===Protests===
Protests demanding justice for Dipu Chandra Das erupted in Bangladeshi universities and across Indian cities, with demonstrators highlighting the systemic persecution of Hindus by Islamist mobs. Rallies were also held in the UK and Nepal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Protests held across Nepal against killing of Hindus in Bangladesh |url=https://www.lokmattimes.com/international/protests-held-across-nepal-against-killing-of-hindus-in-bangladesh/ |date=27 December 2025 |access-date=11 June 2026 |website=Lokmat Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=UK condemns murders of Dipu Das and Amrit Mondal in Bangladesh |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/uk/uk-condemns-murders-of-dipu-das-and-amrit-mondal-in-bangladesh/articleshow/126259006.cms |date=31 December 2025 |access-date=11 June 2026 |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Bangladesh post-resignation violence (2024–2026)]]
* [[December 2025 Bangladesh violence]]
* [[Hinduism in Bangladesh]]
* [[Human rights in Bangladesh]]
* [[Persecution of Hindus in Bangladesh]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:2025 in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Lynching deaths in Asia]]
[[Category:Anti-Hindu violence in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Bhaluka Upazila]]
[[Category:Deaths by person in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Deaths by beating]]
[[Category:Attack over accusations of blasphemy]]
[[Category:December 2025 in Asia]]
[[Category:Aftermath of the July Uprising]]
[[Category:Violence against men in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Lynchings in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Extrajudicial killings in Bangladesh]]

User talk:WikiDwarf

2026-06-11T11:01:44Z

Bharatwiki Socrates:

{{User talk}}

== Issue with Notice ==

Hi, I have joined wikipedia India just today. I noticed some buggy notice coming up in misaligned manner. Just wanted to let you know about this. I can appreciate the initiative and I found only you to be doing most of the administrative works as of now here, so thought to drop a message. --[[User:Guy|Guy]] ([[User talk:Guy|talk]]) 15:51, 22 September 2020 (IST)

:Hello and welcome to Bharatpedia, can you be more specific what buggy notice coming up so I can look up at? Thanks for notifying and happy editing. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 16:12, 22 September 2020 (IST)

== Spamming ==

I found a number of new users using their user space for link spamming. So I reverted those. Hope it was fine to do so. Please let me know if it is otherwise.

{| style="border: 1px solid gray; background-color: #fdffe7;"
|rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | [[File:Admin Barnstar.png|100px]]
|rowspan="2" |
|style="font-size: x-large; padding: 0; vertical-align: middle; height: 1.1em;" | '''The Admin's Barnstar'''
|-
|style="vertical-align: middle; border-top: 1px solid gray;" | You are doing a great work. Keep going. [[User:Kannadaguy|Kannadaguy]] ([[User talk:Kannadaguy|talk]]) 17:34, 6 October 2020 (IST)
|}

== The Reviewer Barnstar ==

{| style="border: 1px solid gray; background-color: #fdffe7;"
|rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | [[File:Reviewer Barnstar Hires.png|100px]]
|rowspan="2" |
|style="font-size: x-large; padding: 0; vertical-align: middle; height: 1.1em;" | '''The Reviewer Barnstar'''
|-
|style="vertical-align: middle; border-top: 1px solid gray;" | Thanks for review [[User:Kannadaguy|Kannadaguy]] ([[User talk:Kannadaguy|talk]]) 17:42, 6 October 2020 (IST)
|}

== How to submit the article ==

I have created the article help me in submitting the article — Preceding [[Bharatpedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Digitalpivot30|Digitalpivot30]] ([[User talk:Digitalpivot30#top|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Digitalpivot30|contribs]]) 

:{{re|Digitalpivot30}} Hello and welcome, please start a new page in the [[Bharatpedia:Drafts#Creating and editing drafts|draft namespace]] and once it's ready for the mainspace please submit it for a review by placing the {{tl|submit}} template at the top of the page. Thanks - [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 15:12, 27 November 2020 (IST)
Sure thanks — Preceding [[Bharatpedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Digitalpivot30|Digitalpivot30]] ([[User talk:Digitalpivot30#top|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Digitalpivot30|contribs]]) 
Have edited & summited the draft..

How to disclose the paid contribution?

== Review of article ==

Hello, can you please review my article [[Shalkal]] and delete the page [[Draft:Shalkal Carty]]. --[[User:Guy|Guy]] ([[User talk:Guy|talk]]) 22:07, 3 December 2020 (IST)

== Thanks for creating article of Mukesh Ambani bomb scare case ==

Thank you. [[User:Subhash Rama|Subhash Rama]] ([[User talk:Subhash Rama|talk]]) 11:15, 22 March 2021 (IST)

== Article creation ==

Hi, why can't I create new page about person? [[User:Rehan|Rehan]] ([[User talk:Rehan|talk]]) 16:24, 10 April 2021 (IST)
:Hello {{re|Rehan}} and welcome! As I can see your account hasn't reached the [[Bharatpedia:Autoconfirmed users|autoconfirmed]] level yet so you won't be able to create a page in the main namespace, but you can create an article in the draft namespace using the [[Bharatpedia:Article wizard|article wizard]] and submit it for a review by placing <code><nowiki>{{subst:submit}}</nowiki></code> at the top of the article once it's ready. Please see [[Bharatpedia:Articles for creation]] for more and let me know if you need any help. Happy editing. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 16:48, 10 April 2021 (IST)
::Thanks for your response. I have created the draft [[Draft:Syed_Falak]] now I need to add image. How can I add?
[[User:Rehan|Rehan]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 17:12, 10 April 2021 (UTC)

== Question ==

Hi, thank you so much for your help. I want to know are you an admin in this Wikipedia? [[User:Rehan|Rehan]] ([[User talk:Rehan|talk]]) 01:19, 13 April 2021 (IST)
:{{re|Rehan}} Hello Rehan, yes I'm an admin here. Please let me know if you need any help. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 08:35, 13 April 2021 (IST)

== Please approve my page ==

Hello sir, i created a page can you approve? thanks — Preceding [[Bharatpedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Ajay Kumar|Ajay Kumar]] ([[User talk:Ajay Kumar#top|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Ajay Kumar|contribs]]) 18:47, 19 April 2021 (IST) (UTC)
:{{re|Ajay Kumar}} I have moved the page to main namespace after some improvements in sources and added some categories. The subject looks notable so please try to add some more sources. Happy editing, [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:23, 19 April 2021 (IST)
Thank you sir. I added more details with source. [[User:Ajay Kumar|Ajay Kumar]] ([[User talk:Ajay Kumar|talk]]) 19:29, 19 April 2021 (IST)
==A curious query==
Hello Wiki Dwarf! I am an old user in English Wikipedia. When I tried to log in here with the same account and password, it failed. Btw, my queries are: 1) Is this wikipedia a part of Wikimedia sister projects? 2) Sometimes, I found some articles, though not original of here (I mean they seems to be imported from the simple English wikipedia), does this mean that all the articles are imported? 3) Can I create my user account here and at the same time, can I create original articles here? Though articles with similar names exist in the en wikipedia?
[[Special:Contributions/47.29.19.238|47.29.19.238]] ([[User talk:47.29.19.238|talk]]) 00:04, 8 May 2021 (IST)
:{{re|47.29.19.238}} Hello there, Bharatpedia is an independent platform (please see [[Bharatpedia:General disclaimer]]) so you won't be able to login using your Wikipedia account details, but you may create a new account under the same username. Account creation is not required in order to read or edit this site, but if you wish to create new articles you can sign up with a new account and can create articles on notable topics, no matter if the particular article exists on Wikipedia under the same or similar name. Some articles here are imported from Wikipedia and you may notice a disclosure at the end of each page such as [[Achappam]] and if you can't find such disclosure, you can add one by placing <code><nowiki>{{en-Wikipedia}}</nowiki></code> at the end of the article. Thank you. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 00:36, 8 May 2021 (IST)
:::Finally, I read the article you cited. Next, 4) Is it mandatory for me to create my new user account here with the exactly same username from the wikipedia org? Next, 5) Do I need special permission to edit, create an article here? 6) Like wikipedia, can I perform edits here normally? 7) Can I import article from the wikipedia? For that, do I need special rights or powers here? I mean all these in good faith. And I have a strong desire to have my service here. [[Special:Contributions/47.29.19.238|47.29.19.238]] ([[User talk:47.29.19.238|talk]]) 00:59, 8 May 2021 (IST)
::::{{re|47.29.19.238}} No it's not mandatory to create a new account with exactly the same user name on Wikipedia, it's your choice if you wish to keep both accounts under the same username. You don't need special user rights to edit pages on this site, but several actions including article creation in the main namespace are restricted to user accounts that are at least 4 days old and have made at least 10 edits. The use of the tool to import pages is only limited to admins, patrollers and extended-confirmed users, but a user without these rights can still import pages manually. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 01:17, 8 May 2021 (IST)

== Talk back notice ==

Hello brother! I have a talk back for you in my talk page. Besides, I want to know something from you. Is this wikipedia still have connection with Wikimedia Commons and translate wiki? I saw this very wikipedia supports some Manipuri language technical version. Next, does this wikipedia also have multiple language wiki versions? SonOfZeus 10:48, 9 May 2021 (IST)

:{{re|SonOfZeus}} Hello and welcome! this is an independent platform unrelated to the Wikimedia Foundation and is currently only available in the English language. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 10:54, 9 May 2021 (IST)

::Brother! Can I create my sandbox here in this wiki too? And, where shall I see the number of articles of this wiki? And, about the list of active users, if I want to see! And lastly, does this wiki also follow the INDIC SCRIPT policy of English wikipedia? SonOfZeus 18:46, 9 May 2021 (IST)

::And, another thing, can I create a draft page and how should I start that? SonOfZeus 18:49, 9 May 2021 (IST)
:::Yes you can experience in your sandbox. The number of articles you can see on the main page and unfortunately the list of active users is only limited to sysops. To create a draft you can visit [[Bharatpedia:Article wizard]]. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 10:12, 10 May 2021 (IST)
::::And lastly, does Indic script policy also apply here? SonOfZeus 18:29, 10 May 2021 (IST)
:::::No, you can use the Indic script in the lead and infobox to address the name of the subject. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:30, 10 May 2021 (IST)
:::::: Thank you. SonOfZeus 20:55, 11 May 2021 (IST)
::{{Ping|WikiDwarf}} Hello WikiDwarf, I don't find any user with your name in English wikipedia. Are you there in English wikipedia? If yes, may I know what is your username there? If that affects your privacy, then I am sorry. Else, please tell me.
::And another thing, can I request you for importing articles from wikipedia? SonOfZeus 12:30, 12 May 2021 (IST)
:::Sure you can list the articles [[Bharatpedia:Requested articles|on this page]]. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:40, 12 May 2021 (IST)
::::But sir, I don't find any link to go to any particular page where I can write the name of the article which I want to request for import.(1) Could you please show me the link for the page where I could write the request? (2) At the same, if I could personally request you at your talk page, please import [[Meitei deities]] and [[List of figures in Meitei mythology]] from simple English Wikipedia. SonOfZeus 11:57, 13 May 2021 (IST)

::::::Thank you for pointing it out. I have created a button that will take you to the request page and also imported the two pages you requested above. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:50, 13 May 2021 (IST)
:: But sir, (1) [[Meitei deities]] is a redirect page of another page. The main page is not imported yet from Simple English Wikipedia. (2) How many articles can I request at a time? Is there any limitation of number of articles at a single request? (3) If something gets changed in the article at general wikipedia, will it's imported equivalent article in this wikipedia get affected? For example, an article "x" has been deleted in general wiki, what about its equivalent article "x" in this wiki? SonOfZeus 10:55, 14 May 2021 (IST)
:::I have imported its corresponding article please see [[List of Meitei gods and goddesses]]. You can request as many articles as you wish as there is no limit. If an article is changed or deleted on Wikipedia it will not automatically affect its copy on Bharatpedia so one need to update the particular article manually. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 12:02, 14 May 2021 (IST)
:::: Thank you sir. And, one thing is that can a page be created or imported by anonymous users? I saw [[Irai Leima]] being imported by an anonymous. Is that a vandalism? As you are a check user also, what do you see. Who's that? SonOfZeus 13:27, 14 May 2021 (IST)
:::::No, that article was imported using the tool by an admin and the most recent revision was included so that's the reason [[Irai Leima]] looks like created/imported by anon. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 14:06, 14 May 2021 (IST)
:::::I have imported all the articles as per your request at [[Bharatpedia:Requested articles/requests]], please place <code><nowiki>{{simple-Wikipedia}}</nowiki></code> at the end of each article to avoid copyright issue. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 14:32, 14 May 2021 (IST)
::::::Sure, sir! I will do as soon as possible. Thanks! I have more request in the page. Please import those too. SonOfZeus 15:08, 14 May 2021 (IST)
::Thanks for those import! And one thing, (1) I am trying my best to put the "simple English wikipedia template " at the bottom of every imported article. But if I missed some, will there be assured chance of facing copyright issues? (2) In case of edits performed by myself in the general wikipedia, can I directly copy and paste those here? SonOfZeus 20:08, 14 May 2021 (IST)
::(3) The page [[Khamba Thoibi]] has a very important long infobox and some wiki tables in the [[:en:Khamba Thoibi]] (general English wikipedia). Can we import those partially here? SonOfZeus 20:10, 14 May 2021 (IST)
:::I don't see any issue if you wish to directly copy and paste your edits from Wikipedia, but it still needs a disclosure at the end of the page. I have imported the contents from [[:en:Khamba Thoibi]] into [[Khamba Thoibi]] please let me know if there is anything else I can do. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 23:35, 14 May 2021 (IST)
:: Hello brother! (1) In the main page of the Bharatpedia, some names of religions are given. Could you add [[Sanamahism]] also? SonOfZeus 22:37, 15 May 2021 (IST)
:::Done. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 01:47, 16 May 2021 (IST)
::(2) Please create infobox religion. (3) Please create Template:Lang-zh_TW (language template for traditional Chinese) and Template:Lang-zh_CN (language template for simplified Chinese). SonOfZeus 23:46, 15 May 2021 (IST)
:::Please use [[:Template:Infobox religious group]] instead of Infobox religion and for the traditional Chinese, please use <code><nowiki>{{Lang-zh|t=中國}}</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>{{Lang-zh|s=中国}}</nowiki></code> for simplified Chinese. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 01:47, 16 May 2021 (IST)
::::{{Ping|WikiDwarf}} Sir! (1) I have new import request. Please see. (2) I have more than 500 edits. So, I think I am extended confirmed user now. Could you please grant me the right of importer to me? What special steps are needed for importing? If possible, please teach me. SonOfZeus 20:16, 18 May 2021 (IST)
:::::Your account has not yet reached the extendedconfirmed level. A registered editor becomes extendedconfirmed automatically when the account is both at least 30 days old and has made at least 500 edits (including deleted edits) so, I will take a look at the list and import as much as possible. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 15:30, 21 May 2021 (IST)
::Sir, I have new requests in the request page for import. BTW, due to multiplicity of the articles, I can't put square brackets in every title of the requested article. Please don't mind. Hope you will adjust them easily. At the same time, I will try my best. SonOfZeus 21:50, 4 June 2021 (IST)
:::Hello Sir! As my user account is 1 month old, could you grant me the importer right? If possible, it will definitely help me and you. I might no longer disturb you by requesting exhaustive list of articles for import! SonOfZeus 14:22, 7 June 2021 (IST)
::::{{reply|SonOfZeus}} Please attach an email id to your account so I can grant you the importer right and share instructions. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 18:06, 8 June 2021 (IST)
:::::{{re|WikiDwarf}}(1) Brother! I have attached the email id. Now, please share me the instructions. SonOfZeus 16:36, 2 July 2021 (IST)
::::::(2) And why we're those list of requested articles removed? SonOfZeus 12:18, 3 July 2021 (IST)
:::::::{{reply|SonOfZeus}} Thank you for attaching your email address, I will soon send you the instructions. The page ([[Bharatpedia:Requested articles/requests‎‎]]) was converted to an article by a couple of users but their edits have been reverted and the list is visible now. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 12:40, 3 July 2021 (IST)
:::::::: I received your email, but I think I am still not getting any instruction about how to import an article from the general wikipedia run by Wikimedia Foundation to this Bharatpedia. May I get that, bro! I am eager to learn that! And thank you for all those useful links you send me, those will also help me in future. SonOfZeus 13:23, 3 July 2021 (IST)
:::::::::That might be one of some other automatic emails. I have not yet sent you the instructions to use the import tool, once I do, I will notify you on your talk page. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 13:33, 3 July 2021 (IST)
----
Wow! I did it, bro! After properly following your instructions, I succeed in importing files to here! But as I am a birdie, I am importing only one at a time. SonOfZeus 19:49, 1 August 2021 (IST)
:{{re|SonOfZeus}} That's great, please let me know if you need any help. Also, please note that articles created using a tool such as "importer" will not be counted at the edit-a-thon so please only list those you have created manually. Thank you. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 21:31, 3 August 2021 (IST)
::But what about the expansion of already existing article? I mean there are some articles brought here through importer before the beginning of this contest. If I expand such article, are they able to be counted for the contest? SonOfZeus 22:28, 3 August 2021 (IST)
:::Yes, they will be counted as valid entries. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 08:06, 4 August 2021 (IST)
___
Hello brother! Please check if any of the articles I have added for the contest is ineligible or eligible! If found any problem, please tell me so that I may either fix the problem or create a substitute in time. Besides, you have a mail from me. Please check it too. Regards! SonOfZeus 22:26, 4 August 2021 (IST)

== Issue in Reviewing ==
([[User:Pixerark|Pixerark]]) Hello editor, I'm New user of Bharatpedia.My published two articles are still in review. will you please explain me review submission process please ? & when my articles will be reviewed ?

== Revert Rights ==
[[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] hello,i had requested you to tell me about how to submit article drafts in afc after 10+ edits but someone demotes my user right will you please revert it...because of this my direct page move option is not appearing please do promote me again so i can move page.Thank You.Waiting For Your Response(-[[User:Pixerark|Pixerark]] ([[User talk:Pixerark|talk]]) 22:16, 14 May 2021 (IST))
:Please see my reply on your talk page. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 23:36, 14 May 2021 (IST)

== Index ==

Hi, I created page many days ago and it is still not visible in Google search results. Please review [[Reza Abbaszadeh]] page and index it. Thank you! [[User:Rehan|Rehan]] ([[User talk:Rehan|talk]]) 22:49, 17 May 2021 (IST)

== Please approve my page ==

Hello sir, I created a page can you please approve? thanks

== Review Timeline ==

Hi {{u|WikiDwarf}}, I am planning to introduce a good amount of fashion and film people articles to this place. I have auto petrol rights in English Wikipedia so I know what I am doing. I just want to know, what are the indexing/review timelines here. This is just for a better understanding of the process. [[User:Kingfisher|Kingfisher]] ([[User talk:Kingfisher|talk]]) 14:50, 29 May 2021 (IST)
:Hello {{re|Kingfisher}} and thank you for your interest. First of all, there is no fixed timeline for the review process since we have very few reviewers at the moment. Secondly, I will be glad to grant you the same user right(s) that you have on Wikipedia if you can share the details for verification purpose. If you don't want to disclose it publicly for any reason you can mail me. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 15:35, 29 May 2021 (IST)
:: Here is my user rights screen in en.wikipedia.org. https://tinyurl . com/ykxumuxm. I can't reveal my username because Wiki people keep an eye on everywhere. I find it risky. You can give me the rights for a temporary period and see the work or you may wait. Whatever it is, I am feeling excited about this project. The opportunities are endless. [[User:Kingfisher|Kingfisher]] ([[User talk:Kingfisher|talk]]) 17:14, 30 May 2021 (IST)
:::That is totally fine if you don't want to disclose it publicly. Can you attach an email id to your account here so I can share some details? Thank you. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 18:06, 30 May 2021 (IST)
::::That sounds good. I did that. [[User:Kingfisher|Kingfisher]] ([[User talk:Kingfisher|talk]]) 01:03, 31 May 2021 (IST)

== User Rights ==
Hey there, I just saw you changed my user rights to confirmed and later again removed that. I would request you to kindly update my user rights to confirmed. Thank you -- [[User:Plts|Plts]] ([[User talk:Plts|talk]]) 16:08, 30 May 2021 (IST)
:Hello {{u|Plts}}, you already have confirmed status. Please verify it by visiting [[Special:UserRights]]. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 18:12, 30 May 2021 (IST)
::{{reply to|WikiDwarf}} Thanks for the information. Happy editing. - [[User:Plts|Plts]] ([[User talk:Plts|talk]]) 14:50, 31 May 2021 (IST)

== Will making a page here interrupt with Wikipedia English ? ==

I want to know if same article with same name gets made here and wiki English Will there be copyright or interruption cuz the two pages Under same name? [[User:Positivesoul|Positivesoul]] ([[User talk:Positivesoul|talk]]) 10:06, 1 June 2021 (IST)
:Hello {{u|Positivesoul}}, In order to reuse contents from one site to another, you need to provide attribution. This is done by either saying in your edit summary that the material was copied, and where you got it. There will be no interruption in creating two pages under the same name. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 13:49, 2 June 2021 (IST)

== can you approve this page ? let me know if it qualifies==
https://en.wikipedia.ind.in/wiki/Draft:Emma_Jonnz

Hi sir, I have no conflict of interest with this person. he is a famous youtube in west Bengal. And he got a gold play button from youtube

== Draft Request ==
Hey [[User:WikiDwarf]], I just saw my article was deleted by you under criteria A7. I just read what it means, I would request you to provide me a draft for article [[Piyush Monga]] so that I can improve it. Also, please suggest some improvements to my first article [[Youth Against Rape]]. Thank you soo much for your help. Happy editing -- [[User:Plts|Plts]] ([[User talk:Plts|talk]]) 17:00, 8 June 2021 (IST)
:{{re|Plts}} {{done}}. I have restored the article in the draft namespace as per your request above. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 17:43, 8 June 2021 (IST)
::{{re|WikiDwarf}} Thank you. Happy editing. - [[User:Plts|Plts]] ([[User talk:Plts|talk]]) 14:23, 9 June 2021 (IST)

== Draft: Bhupesh Bansal ==

Hello, I submitted a draft. Please check and approve it if it is well.

Thank you.

== Asking a Favour ==
Hello [[User:WikiDwarf]] I am a Wikipedia editor from the northern part of the country and I also create articles related to Nepal. is it legal to create articles about people from Nepal or any other country? I have created more than 25 articles on English [[Wikipedia]](directly on namespace) and more than 20 of them got reviewed and are live on the wiki but unfortunately, 5 of them got deleted. I will be happily contributing on [[Bharatpedia]] as well if provided the required access, also I agree to all your terms and conditions if found violating any of them you are free to take the required action. --[[User:Mailblog34|Mailblog34]] ([[User talk:Mailblog34|talk]]) 08:00, 17 June 2021 (IST)

:Hello {{u|Mailblog34}} and welcome to Bharatpedia. There are no restrictions on creating articles on any topic but the subject must be notable enough to have an independent article. Since your account has not yet reached the autoconfirmed status I would suggest you create new articles in the draft namespace and once your account is autoconfirmed (i.e. four days old and you've made ten edits) then you will be able to move/create articles directly in the main namespace. If you need any help please let me know. Happy editing. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 09:01, 17 June 2021 (IST)
* Hello [[User:WikiDwarf]] i am already four days old and made more than 30 edits but still did not get option of "create the pge" , and did not get option to move pages . Help me out on my limited access .--[[User:Mailblog34|Mailblog34]] ([[User talk:Mailblog34|talk]]) 23:19, 19 June 2021 (IST)
::{{re|Mailblog34}} Your account was registered on 16 June 2021 at 09:45 (IST) so please wait for one more day and your account will be autoconfirmed. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 23:26, 19 June 2021 (IST)

== Vandalism ==

Hello sir. Somebody is keep vandalizing [[Harish Pednekar]] please lock the page from spammers. [[Special:Contributions/206.84.238.118|206.84.238.118]] ([[User talk:206.84.238.118|talk]]) 17:40, 25 June 2021 (IST)

== Draft Request ==

Hi [[User:WikiDwarf]], Could you please review this article [[Draft:Fuad Al-Qrize]], link: https://en.wikipedia.ind.in/wiki/User:Alialfaisal/sandbox ,Thank You.--[[User:Alialfaisal|Alialfaisal]] ([[User talk:Alialfaisal|talk]]) 17:56, 28 June 2021 (IST)

* My dear [[User:WikiDwarf]], Sources have been added to the article, I can supplement them with additional sources if you wish, [[Draft:Fuad Al-Qrize]] I hope to review. Thank you. --[[User:Alialfaisal|Alialfaisal]] ([[User talk:Alialfaisal|talk]]) 18:26, 1 July 2021 (IST)

* My dear [[User:WikiDwarf]], I did not understand why the article was not approved, even though I added several news sources in it and can supplement it with additional sources?--[[User:Alialfaisal|Alialfaisal]] ([[User talk:Alialfaisal|talk]]) 19:21, 3 July 2021 (IST)

Hi [[User:WikiDwarf]],More than 6 months and the article has not been approved? May I know what is the reason? Thanks. --[[Special:Contributions/172.70.218.112|172.70.218.112]] ([[User talk:172.70.218.112|talk]]) 20:36, 1 June 2022 (IST)

== I requested that add me admin on Bharatpedia. ==

I will be work forever to wikipedia. Please add me admin group member in Bharat wikipedia.
[[User:Hembram Bakhul|Hembram Bakhul]] ([[User talk:Hembram Bakhul|talk]]) 12:09, 29 June 2021 (IST)Hembram Bakhul

== Kindly clear the pending DRAFT ASAP. ==

Hi, kindly Clear the pending draft asap so that a contributor like me gets the motivation to contribute more too this open and neutral place. [[User:Marvel|Marvel]][[User talk:Marvel|(talk)]]

== How to upload image ==

Hi WikiDwarf. I am User:VF814324. I am new here. How can I upload an Image with CC-BY-SA license? Wher to upload ? When I click on 'Upload file' button, it brings me to Wikimedia commons. Can I publish file locally on Bharatpedia? [[User:VF814324|VF814324]] ([[User talk:VF814324|talk]]) 13:45, 3 July 2021 (IST)
:Hello {{u|VF814324}} and welcome to Bharatpedia! Unfortunately uploading images locally is only limited to sysops at the moment so you can send the image along with its copyright permission to permission@bharatmedia.org. Happy editing, [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 12:04, 4 July 2021 (IST)
:: Thanks, I've mailed as you said. [[User:VF814324|VF814324]] ([[User talk:VF814324|talk]]) 17:59, 7 July 2021 (IST)

== AFC Submission cleaned? ==
Hey there, I hope you're doing well. I'm writing to get your attention on an error I faced.
[[Draft:Sunil ydv SS]], a draft(stub) that I created and submitted around a month ago to AFC. Now, when I see, the AFC tag has disappeared and no reason is shown for this. I would request you to kindly check this issue as well as review this draft as I believe it qualifies [[Bharatpedia:Notability]]. Thank you & happy editing - [[User:Plts|Plts]] ([[User talk:Plts|talk]]) 13:56, 5 July 2021 (IST)
:The same error occurred on another draft that I created [[Draft:Piyush Monga]], the AFC tag has been removed and no reason is shown. I would request you to kindly review this draft too. Thank you & happy editing. - [[User:Plts|Plts]] ([[User talk:Plts|talk]]) 18:50, 5 July 2021 (IST)
::{{re|Plts}} The tags were removed by user [[User:Hembram_Bakhul|Hembram Bakhul]] at the time they moved both pages to the main namespace, but I have restored the tags on both drafts. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:02, 5 July 2021 (IST)
:::{{re|WikiDwarf}} Thank you. - [[User:Plts|Plts]] ([[User talk:Plts|talk]]) 11:49, 27 July 2021 (IST)

== Copyright issue ==

hey [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] a user - [[User:Hembram_Bakhul|Hembram Bakhul]] is copying the articles and pasting them here from English Wikipedia without any edits, just informing you as it may violate copyright. Ignore if it doesn't violate copyright policy. --[[User:Mailblog34|Mailblog34]] ([[User talk:Mailblog34|talk]]) 21:51, 7 July 2021 (IST)
:{{reply|Mailblog34}} Hi, I think reusing Wikipedia content is generally allowed as per [[:en:Wikipedia:Reusing Wikipedia content]]. [[User:Pradip89|Pradip89]] ([[User talk:Pradip89|talk]]) 08:42, 9 July 2021 (IST)

== Photo upload ==

Hi i want to upload photo but when I click on upload it take me to wikimedia which is wikipedia portal will you please guide me on it. --[[User:HamzhaSaleem|HamzhaSaleem]] ([[User talk:HamzhaSaleem|talk]]) 12:58, 8 July 2021 (IST)

== Protection Of Wikipedia Article ==

How to add protection to articles so as to stop dispute and vandalism. 
[[User:Wandererkanishk|Wandererkanishk]] ([[User talk:Wandererkanishk|talk]])

== article review ==

Hi [User:WikiDwarf] thanks for your suggestion on article [Sheikh Asif] will you please review it again thanks .

--[[User:HamzhaSaleem|HamzhaSaleem]] ([[User talk:HamzhaSaleem|talk]]) 21:14, 8 July 2021 (IST)

== Grant Me as a auto confirmed user ==

Hi, i want to be an auto confirmed user. As I have experience on english wikipedia. So I am much experienced about it. So I please grant me permission. Thanks [[User:Villageboy|Villageboy]] ([[User talk:Villageboy|talk]]) 16:13, 9 July 2021 (IST)
:Hello {{u|Villageboy}} and welcome to Bharatpedia! I can see you made 10 edits already so, your account will be automatically flagged as autoconfirmed on or after July 13, 2020. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 08:43, 10 July 2021 (IST)

== Haters are editing the pages ==

Hey wiki, the pages I have created are of public figures, entrepreneurs and places. But some of the people are editing and using harsh language on the page I have created. I request you to kindly give me permission to lock the pages or do it from your end. It would be great.

I am not contributing since one day because of this issue only. As soon as solved will start adding more pages which should be here.

Thankyou [[User:Saumyasingh|Saumyasingh]] ([[User talk:Saumyasingh|talk]]) 03:15, 11 July 2021 (IST)

== Add me admin member group ==

I am hembram Bakhul saying that I five hundred articles edited. I hoped that I shall work the best on Bharatpedia.
[[User:Hembram Bakhul|Hembram Bakhul]] ([[User talk:Hembram Bakhul|talk]])Hembram Bakhul

== please publish this ==

hi [User:WikiDwarf] will you please review [https://en.wikipedia.ind.in/wiki/Draft:The_Press_Walla] and publish it .

--[[User:HamzhaSaleem|HamzhaSaleem]] ([[User talk:HamzhaSaleem|talk]]) 13:58, 14 July 2021 (IST)
:Hello {{u|HamzhaSaleem}}, The draft lacks sources that establish notability so, please cite some third party sources that cover the subject and submit it for a review once the draft is ready. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 17:15, 14 July 2021 (IST)

-- [[User:WikiDwarf]] thanks for your revert actually its a new eMagazine and news website maybe they will get more sources in future.--[[User:HamzhaSaleem|HamzhaSaleem]] ([[User talk:HamzhaSaleem|talk]]) 19:08, 14 July 2021 (IST)

== Draft Request ==

Hi [[User:WikiDwarf]],Since June 28, 2021, I am requesting a review of the article. I have attached many news sources and authority control to the article, but so far it has not been approved. I hope you will review the article. Thanks. [[Draft:Fuad Al-Qrize]] --[[User:Alialfaisal|Alialfaisal]] ([[User talk:Alialfaisal|talk]]) 04:17, 29 July 2021 (IST)
Hi [[User:WikiDwarf]], More than 6 months and the article has not been approved? May I know what is the reason? Thanks. --[[Special:Contributions/172.70.219.15|172.70.219.15]] ([[User talk:172.70.219.15|talk]]) 20:33, 1 June 2022 (IST)

== Premtosh Debnath - Real Name Premtosh Nath ==

Dear Bharatpedia Admin Please Change Name Of Premtosh Debnath to Premtosh Nath, I Have His I card, Media Articles Added His name Premtosh Debnath some issue.[[Special:Contributions/47.29.9.5|47.29.9.5]] ([[User talk:47.29.9.5|talk]]) 01:49, 1 August 2021 (IST)

==Requirements for New page Reviewer==
Hi [[User:WikiDwarf]] sir, Could you please help to know the minimum requirements for Bharatpedia New Page Reviewer? I can not find any article about the minimum requirements for Bharatpedia New Page Reviewer. [[User:WikiJoy|WikiJoy]] ([[User talk:WikiJoy|talk]]) 01:16, 14 August 2021 (IST)
== Request ==
Hi [[User:WikiDwarf]] sir, Could you please unprotected the user draft of Danish Maniyar he is Google notable entrepreneur of India guide me with it draft making I can make his name article page with him of urs please unprotected it . I'm help bharatpedia with my contribution I hope I can be patroller in bharatpedia please[[User: Lucasraven12|Lucasraven12]] ([[User talk:Lucasraven12|talk]])

== Sir, is BharatPedia a Paid, is that why he is not approving my page? ==

Dear
Bhartpedia Team,

I am Anshuman Tiwari, better known as Anshuman Tiwari Musician, from Dehradun, Uttarakhand. is an Indian Musician. And I am Verified On different music platforms like Spotify, Google Play Music, Apple Music, iTunes, Amazon Music, JioSaavn and many others international platforms like Deezer, Tidal and Napster. You get Anshuman Tiwari music on TikTok, Instagram or Facebook library also. and i am verified on facebook And Google.

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/anshumantiwariofficials

Google: https://g.co/kgs/knU5xV

https://en.wikipedia.ind.in/wiki/Draft:Anshuman_Tiwari_(musician)

Sir i am verified in so many platforms and i have lot of news on google.
Sir why is my page being deleted from Bharatpedia?

Sir, is BharatPedia a Paid, is that why he is not approving my page?

Sir like this i got many complaints against in Bharatpedia,
Sir this time I am making last time making a page.
If it is deleted here then we will have to take further action
:{{re|Iamanshumantiwari}} No, Bharatpedia is not a paid platform it's a free encyclopedia that anyone can edit. Your article was deleted due to a lack of reliable sources that discuss the subject in detail, and cited sources are not reliable. Please see [[Bharatpedia:Reliable sources]] to understand what we consider reliable and also please see [[Bharatpedia:Notability (music)]]. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 20:56, 28 August 2021 (IST)

== Autoconfirmed... ==

Hi {{u|WikiDwarf}}. I see you've admin rights on this platform. Can you please grant me autoconfirmed rights so that I can easily create a few templates. I was going through Random articles and found that there are a few articles with templates in RED. Hence this. [[User:Anjuman|Anjuman]] ([[User talk:Anjuman|talk]]) 19:01, 31 August 2021 (IST)
:{{re|Anjuman}} You can apply for the user-right at [[Bharatpedia:Requests for permissions#Autopatrolled]]. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:14, 31 August 2021 (IST)
::{{re|WikiDwarf}} Well, both the rights are different. Autopatrolled marks articles as patrolled whilst [[Bharatpedia:User access levels#Autoconfirmed and confirmed users|autoconfirmed]] is a right lower than that of Extended confirmed. I'll have a look at RfP later as autoconfirmed would be autogranted five days later, perhaps. Thanks. [[User:Anjuman|Anjuman]] ([[User talk:Anjuman|talk]]) 19:26, 31 August 2021 (IST)

==Fix the problem==
Hi {{u|WikiDwarf}} sir I have created a page in the name of [[Deepthi Sunaina]] 1 month ago, the article is marked as an Autopatrolled.But it is not showing on google. please look into it and fix the problem. [[User:WikiJoy|WikiJoy]] ([[User talk:WikiJoy|talk]]) 20:16, 11 September 2021 (IST)
:{{re|WikiJoy}} I apologise for replying late. I have reviewed the most recent edit and it will be indexed soon. Also, please see [[Bharatpedia:New pages patrol/Reviewers]] to review the minimum requirements for NPR. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]])

== Autoconfirmed... ==

Hi {{u|WikiDwarf}}. I see you've admin rights on this platform. Can you please grant me #PATROLLERS, rights so that I can easily create a few templates. I was going through Random articles and found that there are a few articles with templates in RED. Hence this. [[User: Lucasraven12|Lucasraven12]] ([[User talk: Lucasraven12|talk]])

== Patroller ==

Hi {{u|WikiDwarf}}. I see you've admin rights on this platform. Can you please grant me #PATROLLERS, rights so that I can easily create a few templates. I was going through Random articles and found that there are a few articles with templates in RED. Hence this. [[User: Lucasraven12|Lucasraven12]] ([[User talk: Lucasraven12|talk]])
==A mail==
{{ygm}} [[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 18:49, 23 September 2021 (IST)

== Patroller ==

Hi {{u|WikiDwarf}}. I see you've admin rights on this platform. Can you please grant me #PATROLLERS, rights so that I can easily create a few templates. I was going through Random articles and found that there are a few articles with templates in RED. Hence this. [[User: Lucasraven12|Lucasraven12]] ([[User talk: Lucasraven12|talk]])

== Reply ==

Why are you deleted [[Bikram Malati]] Article [[User:Emboy|Emboy]] ([[User talk:Emboy|talk]]) 22:19, 24 October 2021 (IST)
:{{reply|Emboy}} I removed the article due to a lack of significant coverage in reliable sources. You can still recreate the article in the draft namespace by citing some reliable sources and then submit it for a review once ready. Also, please disclose if you have a conflict of interest. Thanks. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 22:27, 24 October 2021 (IST)
== Patroller ==

Hi {{u|WikiDwarf}}. I see you've admin rights on this platform. Can you please grant me #PATROLLERS, rights so that I can easily create a few templates. I was going through Random articles and found that there are a few articles with templates in RED. Hence this. [[User: Lucasraven12|Lucasraven12]] ([[User talk: Lucasraven12|talk]])

== A barnstar for you! ==

{| style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;"
|rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;" | [[File:Editors Barnstar Hires.png|100px]]
|style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;" | '''The Editor's Barnstar'''
|-
|style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;" | Thank you for edit my user-page [[User:WhiteLion|WhiteLion]] ([[User talk:WhiteLion|talk]]) 17:40, 7 November 2021 (IST)
|}

== Strange yet.. ==

Hi {{u|WikiDwarf}}; I've been on constant journeys since last two months and couldn't contribute to the project. I'm curious to know why my articles such as [[Aaqib Anjum Aafi]], [[Faiz Qureshi]] and [[First Aid Council of India]] haven't yet appeared on the Google. I do not see any lint errors in these articles and I plan to improve them more in few upcoming days. Looking for your assistance. [[User:Anjuman|Anjuman]] ([[User talk:Anjuman|talk]]) 13:06, 9 November 2021 (IST)
:Hello {{re|Anjuman}}, I don't see any issue with these pages and to me it sounds like they were not crawled by Google bot which is normal so you may contact the support team at info@bharatmedia.org for more details and help. Please let me know if I can help you with anything else. Happy editing. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 22:44, 9 November 2021 (IST)
::{{re|Anjuman}} It seems like the problem has been resolved as I can now see these articles on Google. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 18:38, 14 November 2021 (IST)

== Confirmation Code ==

I have created a page and I am improving it [[Draft:Dakshina Kannada]] but when I tried to update info I got a text saying confirmation code,I did not get any confirmation .So could you please help me with this. [[User:AKudla|AKudla]] ([[User talk:AKudla|talk]]) 08:51, 11 November 2021 (IST)
:Hello {{reply|AKudla}} and welcome to Bharatpedia. Can you send the screenshot of the error you see to info@bharatmedia.org so it can be identified and solved? Happy editing. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 08:58, 11 November 2021 (IST)

Thanks for your reply. [[User:AKudla|AKudla]] ([[User talk:AKudla|talk]]) 21:46, 11 November 2021 (IST)

== Draft submission ==

Hello admin. I created a draft article but i am unable to submit it for review. when i click on submit the draft for review button i see a blank page. can you check and fix? Thanx

:Hello {{u|111.91.4.188}} and welcome to Bharatpedia. The problem has been fixed and you can now submit your draft for review. Thank you for bringing this issue to my attention. Happy editing, [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 21:09, 18 November 2021 (IST)
==Fix the crawl issue==
Hi {{u|WikiDwarf}} sir I have started a page over 3 month before, which is not crawl in google. The page name is [[Swastik Interchem]]. The page is already marked as an Autopatrolled.But it is not showing on google. please look into it and fix the problem. [[User:Flying Bee|Flying Bee]] ([[User talk:Flying Bee|talk]]) 16:46, 2 December 2021 (IST)
:Hello {{u|Flying Bee}}, I don't see any issue with the page you mentioned above so please contact the support team at info@bharatmedia.org for more details and help. Please let me know if I can help you with anything else. Happy editing. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 17:18, 2 December 2021 (IST)

== Request for Remove Notable Tag ==

Dear Administrator [[Pranab Kr Nath]] is a Notable Person From His Father [[Premtosh_Debnath]], Dear Administrator You can Remove Notable Tag, Because This Page First Rank On Pranab Kr Nath Keyword. [[User:GBPrakashani|GBPrakashani]] ([[User talk:GBPrakashani|talk]]) 01:42, 3 December 2021 (IST)

== Give me administrator ==

wikidawarf make me administrator [[User:Emboy|€ⓜ𝓫ᵒЎ]] 21:39, 4 December 2021 (IST)
:Hello {{u|Emboy}}, you can nominate yourself at [[Bharatpedia:Requests for adminship/Nominate]]. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 21:47, 4 December 2021 (IST)

== RfA status ==

Hello WikiDwarf,

It has been a long time I submitted my request for adminship, but I have not yet received any notification so may I know the status? Thanks. [[User:Ajay Kumar|Ajay Kumar]] ([[User talk:Ajay Kumar|talk]]) 15:21, 18 December 2021 (IST)

:{{re|Ajay Kumar}} First of all, I apologise for the delay in responding to your message. Please confirm that you have a strong password and also link your email address to your account so I can proceed with further actions. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 11:38, 4 January 2022 (IST)
::{{ping|WikiDwarf}} I confirm that i have a strong password and i have linked my email address. [[User:Ajay Kumar|Ajay Kumar]] ([[User talk:Ajay Kumar|talk]]) 20:36, 4 January 2022 (IST)

== Indian languages ==

Hello WikiDwarf! Hope you are doing well! I saw Hindi, Bengali and Punjabi Bharatpedia wiki links in this English Bharatpedia main page. Punjabi link doesn't work. I don't know why? Another thing, I just want to request you to build up Manipuri language Bharatpedia also. For that, I will give you full support because I know Manipuri, Hindi, Urdu, English at native level. I can also ask some people from WMF Manipuri Wikipedia, Wiktionary and the building Wikimedia incubator teams to come here. Could you please organize Manipuri Bharatpedia (Meitei Bharatpedia)? [[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 18:46, 27 December 2021 (IST)

:Hello {{u|SonOfZeus}}, Can you send your request to info@bharatmedia.org for better support on this? The link to Punjabi Bharatpedia (pa.bharatpedia.org.in) is working from my side but, if you see any error please attach the screenshot in your email. Thank you. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:16, 27 December 2021 (IST)
::Yes Sir! I sent the request to the email address you provide me. Well, for the inability to open that very Bharatpedia, it's actually Bengali, I mistakenly told you as Punjabi. For that, I sent you the screenshot of unable to open the Bengali Bharatpedia. For Punjabi, it's normal. [[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 19:34, 27 December 2021 (IST)
:::Sir! I have created and designed the Manipuri Bharatpedia main page. I want a Bharatpedia logo to be used in the main page. Is there any logo file uploaded? [[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 22:30, 28 December 2021 (IST)
::::That's great and thank you. I tried to upload the SVG version of the logo but that's working so I have to get a better version. I'll try to upload it tomorrow and let you know. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 22:51, 28 December 2021 (IST)
::::{{Ygm}} [[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 23:11, 28 December 2021 (IST)
:::::Sir! Will it be very hasty for me to request for adminship in Bharatpedia? Actually, I want to do some administrative works both at English as well as Meitei Bharatpedias. Or, please grant me importer right for Meitei Bharatpedia! [[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 10:46, 29 December 2021 (IST)
:::::Besides, I am very happy to see our Indian Bharatpedia proliferating very well. Is there any point of connection between the equivalent articles of different languages with one another like WMF does through Wikidata? I saw we have 5 languages in Bharatpedia. Absolutely, there will be equivalent articles. [[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 10:35, 29 December 2021 (IST)
::::::We have Bharatdata (bharatdata.org) but for some technical reasons it's not working as expected and the team is working to fix the issue. As soon as it is fixed you will be notified and then you will be able to link all articles. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 10:44, 29 December 2021 (IST)

:::::::I saw all the articles from Meitei Wikipedia present in Meitei Bharatpedia. How is it possible? Are all of them being imported? If so, who did it? May I know? As I see, I don't see your user account doing these imports. [[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 10:15, 30 December 2021 (IST)
::::::::Those articles were imported by the technical team who has access to some advanced features. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 10:54, 30 December 2021 (IST)

:::::::::{{Ygm}}

== Deletion of a blank draft ==

Hi,
Can you delete [[Draft:Pankaj Kumar]] so I can remove unnecessary disambiguation from [[Draft:Pankaj Kumar (Film Maker)]]?
Thanks, [[User:Ajay Kumar|Ajay Kumar]] ([[User talk:Ajay Kumar|talk]]) 12:33, 8 January 2022 (IST)
:{{re|Ajay Kumar}} Done. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 13:33, 8 January 2022 (IST)
== Logo ==
Is the logo for the Bharatpedia ready? If so, I would like to edit a version for [[Meitei Bharatpedia]]? I want to edit in a way like [[Meitei Wikipedia]] has a version from the main Wikipedia logo, like this one: [[File:Wikipedia-logo-v2-mni-v2.svg|thumb]]
Another thing, I have a mail for you, about another topic. :-)
{{Ygm}} Regards! [[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 20:37, 9 January 2022 (IST)

== Please protect this page. ==

Hello Dear,
WikiDwarf

Hope you doing well, I face some issue with this page. Some people are flirting in this page. Please protect this page.

https://en.bharatpedia.org.in/wiki/Anshuman_Tiwari_(musician)

Thank You
:{{tps}} {{Ping|Coolblack4}} I don't see anyone except you and WikiDwarf editing the page. And there's no sign of vandalism or edit warring in the page history. So, it's not eligible for protection. [[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 18:36, 16 January 2022 (IST)

::{{reply|SonOfZeus}}
::Sir, Please protect this page. Many people are spoiling it. and remove the tag. [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 13:59, 7 February 2022 (IST)

:::{{Ping|Coolblack4}} The page has a vandal edit only once as of now. It has been reverted. So, as of now, it's not suitable for protection. Well, I put it at my watchlist. If further vandalism occurs, I will take appropriate actions. Happy editing! [[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 20:07, 9 February 2022 (IST)

{{reply|SonofZeus}} Dear Sir [[Anshuman Tiwari (musician]] Sir an attempt was made to vandalize this page again and 1 fake volunteer again put it in draft. Sir block that volunteer and as soon as possible recover and live this page. And this page needs protection. Thank you so much sir}} [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 15:20, 6 March 2022 (IST)

{{reply|SonOfZeus}} Dear Sir [[Anshuman Tiwari (musician)]] Sir an attempt was made to vandalize this page again and 1 fake volunteer again put it in draft. Sir block that volunteer and as soon as possible recover and live this page. And this page needs protection. Thank you so much sir}} [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 15:21, 6 March 2022 (IST)

{{reply|SonOfZeus}} Sir that Fake Volunteer is again ruining [[Anshuman Tiwari (musician)]] page.

You said that if someone will tamper with this page now then you will protect this page. [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 20:00, 7 March 2022 (IST)

== A barnstar for you! ==

{| style="background-color: #fdffe7; border: 1px solid #fceb92;"
|rowspan="2" style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 5px;" | [[File:Original Barnstar Hires.png|100px]]
|style="font-size: x-large; padding: 3px 3px 0 3px; height: 1.5em;" | '''The Original Barnstar'''
|-
|style="vertical-align: middle; padding: 3px;" | Can give me permission Google knowledge panel [[User:Merajul Islam|Merajul Islam]] ([[User talk:Merajul Islam|talk]]) 20:13, 28 January 2022 (IST)
|}

== Please edit my page by uploading Picture ==

My page is created by you, Picture is not uploaded please upload it and review my page https://wikipedia.ind.in/wiki/Piyush_Singh_Chauhan [[User:Anonymous12|Anonymous12]] ([[User talk:Anonymous12|talk]]) 08:31, 1 February 2022 (IST)

== I have already made this page better now and now I have added many references in it from less references earlier. ==

Dear Sir,
I have already made this page better now and now I have added many references in it from less references earlier.
Now don't put any tag in this page sir!
Thank You 🙏

https://en.bharatpedia.org.in/wiki/Anshuman_Tiwari_(musician) [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 19:30, 2 February 2022 (IST)

Hello {{reply|Coolblack4}} and welcome to my talk page. Most of the sources you cited aren't reliable such as spotify.com, factdarshantimes.com, yourwikis.com and many more. Please cite some reliable sources in order to remove maintenance tags. If you need any help please feel free to ask. Thanks, [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:46, 2 February 2022 (IST)

Thank you so much sir for letting me know. Sir, from which such site can you tell me the list or you can remove those sites and make this page good.
Thank You So Much Sir [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 19:54, 2 February 2022 (IST)

{{user|WikiDwarf}} Sir, I removed the names of the sites which you told me.bEven after that you put the tag. Sir earlier this page did not have any tag. Please correct this page and remove the tag. Thank you sir 🙏 [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 14:07, 3 February 2022 (IST)

:{{reply|Coolblack4}} Please review [[BP:RS]] to understand what we consider to be reliable sources. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 14:34, 3 February 2022 (IST)

{{user|WikiDwarf}}
Sir, now reliable sources have been added to this page. Now you can remove the tag. [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 17:27, 4 February 2022 (IST)

{{reply|WikiDwarf}}
Sir please protect this page and remove the tag. [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 09:18, 7 February 2022 (IST)

== Please protect this page. Many people are spoiling it. ==

Dear Sir,
Please protect this page. Many people are spoiling it.
{{page|Anshuman Tiwari (musician}}
https://en.bharatpedia.org.in/wiki/Anshuman_Tiwari_(musician) [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 09:15, 7 February 2022 (IST)

== [[Draft:Annamalai K]] ==

Can you please review this and move to article space. It was already there in Wikipidea but now in Draft space. It is already present in other wikis. I don't think any review is taking place. This article is good one.

[[User:Tamil123|Tamil123]] ([[User talk:Tamil123|talk]]) 22:47, 11 February 2022 (IST)

:Hello {{reply|Tamil123}} I have moved the draft to [[Annamalai Kuppusamy]]. Please let me know if there is anything else I can help you with. Happy editing, [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 23:10, 11 February 2022 (IST)

== Twinkle ==

Hi, {{ping|WikiDwarf}} Why we are not having Twinkle as like in Wikipedia. Can we have it? Is it possible? And I set my user account with advanced settings, but still I can't have any option to undo in page history as like in Wikipedia, can I know why? [[User:Dhaneesh Ram|Dhaneesh]][[User talk:Dhaneesh Ram|←Ram→]] 12:22, 15 February 2022 (IST)
:{{re|Dhaneesh Ram}} May I know what settings you enabled and which feature isn't working for you? I can verify that the "undo" feature is fully functional for everyone including anon users. Regarding Twinkle please email to info@bharatmedia.org for better support. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 12:41, 15 February 2022 (IST)
::{{Ping|WikiDwarf}} In Bharatpedia settings that in menu bar at top left corner. I enabled advanced mode. In English Wikipedia after enabling Advanced mode, I saw undo button in every page history. But I can't find any undo button in Bharatpedia pages history. How can I get this feature. [[User:Dhaneesh Ram|Dhaneesh]][[User talk:Dhaneesh Ram|←Ram→]] 13:22, 15 February 2022 (IST)

::{{re|WikiDwarf}} You Can know my issues [http://dhaneeshram.art.blog/bharatpedia-help/ here]. I clearly explained with some screenshots. Please refer the [http://dhaneeshram.art.blog/bharatpedia-help/ this page]. Thank you! [[User:Dhaneesh Ram|Dhaneesh]][[User talk:Dhaneesh Ram|←Ram→]] 15:02, 15 February 2022 (IST)
:::{{re|Dhaneesh Ram}} Thank you for sharing the screenshots. I tried to install a script but that didn't worked and as per my investigation this feature isn't available on mobile skin so in order to undo edits, you may need to shift to desktop view on your mobile. I will try and ask the technical team to work on it if possible. Thank you for pointing it out. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 21:56, 15 February 2022 (IST)
:::: Hi, {{Ping|WikiDwarf}} Thanks for your clarification and spending time to review my doubts. Now I can see undo buttons in desktop versions. Thanks! [[User:Dhaneesh Ram|Dhaneesh]][[User talk:Dhaneesh Ram|←Ram→]] 09:41, 16 February 2022 (IST)

== Create a new page ==

Hello sir, can you create a page on Major Gaurav Arya? He is an Indian retired army officer and you can find many news articles on his name on Google and other places. Thanks in advance.

== AFC Backlog ==

{| style="background-color: #dfeff1; border: 4px solid #bddff2; width: 100%;" cellpadding="5"

|<big>'''[[Bharatpedia:WikiProject Articles for creation|Articles for Creation urgently needs ''your'' help!]]'''</big>
----
Articles for Creation is '''desperately short of reviewers!''' We are looking for '''urgent help''', from '''experienced editors''', in reviewing submissions in the pending submissions queue. Currently there are '''{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Pending AfC submissions|R}}''' '''[[:Category:Pending_AfC_submissions|submissions]]''' waiting to be reviewed.
:<big>'''Do you have what it takes?'''</big>
# Are you familiar with [[BP:PAG|Bharatpedia's policies and guidelines]]?
# Do you know what Bharatpedia [[Bharatpedia:About|is]] and [[Bharatpedia:What Bharatpedia is not|is not]]?
# Do you have a working knowledge of the [[Bharatpedia:Manual of Style|Manual of Style]], particularly [[Bharatpedia:Article titles|article naming conventions]]?
# Are you [[Bharatpedia:autoconfirmed|autoconfirmed]]?
# Can you review submissions based on their individual merits?
If the answer to these questions is yes, then please read the [[Bharatpedia:WikiProject Articles for creation/Reviewing instructions|reviewing instructions]] and donate a little of your time to helping tackle the backlog. You might wish to add {{tl|AFC status}} or {{tl|AfC Defcon}} to your userpage, which will alert you to the number of open submissions.

:''PS: we have a great script AFC helper which helps in reviewing in just a few edits easily! To install the script go to your user preferences and check the checkbox at: {{myprefs|9|Yet Another AFC Helper Script: easily review Articles for creation submissions and redirect requests.}}''

We would greatly appreciate your help. Currently, only a small handful of users are reviewing articles. Any help, even if it's just 2 or 3 reviews, it would be extremely beneficial. 
On behalf of the [[Bharatpedia:WikiProject Articles for creation|Articles for Creation project]], [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|talk]]) 21:36, 18 February 2022 (IST)

|}

== bn.bharatpedia.org.in ==

Hello, WikiDwarf! I am রবি। As a mother tongue I want to start Bengali Bharatpedia like english wiki. Kindly [[:bn:ব্যবহারকারী আলাপ:WikiDwarf#প্রশাসক ও ইন্টারফেস প্রশাসক হওয়ার আবেদন|see here]] for more details. Regards, [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 13:57, 22 February 2022 (IST)
:Hello {{re|রবি}} and welcome to my talk page. I'm a little busy at the moment but I will reply to your message on my talk page on bn.bharatpedia soon and also take care of your request below. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:10, 22 February 2022 (IST)

::No problem! I know you are waiting because of 'Trust'. If you can't do, I don't mind, it's ok. I know how important 'faith' is in the wiki. :) [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 19:34, 22 February 2022 (IST)

::::Sorry for bad english grammar, please try to understand what I mean to say. I'm natively bengali speaking. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 19:55, 22 February 2022 (IST)

== Mediawiki code installation ==

Hi, you are not answering. Anyways, help me to create at [[:bn:মিডিয়াউইকি:Gadget-sompadonasarangsho.js]]. Reason for telling you, you are only administrators, Interface administrators and Bureaucrats there.
Code is:
<pre>
function go() {
function initSummaryButtons( mode ) {
function insertSummary( txt ) {
if ( typeof txt !== 'string' ) {
txt = this.title;
}
if ( typeof summaryItemsSeparator === 'undefined' ) {
window.summaryItemsSeparator = ',';
}
var val = $summary.val();
var regExp = new RegExp( '(^|[,;.?!/]) ?' + mw.util.escapeRegExp( txt ) );
if ( regExp.test( val ) ) {
return;
}
if ( /[^,; \/]$/.test( val ) ) {
val += summaryItemsSeparator;
}
if ( /[^ ]$/.test( val ) ) {
val += ' ';
}
$summary.val( val + txt ).focus().change();
}

mode = mode || 'classic';

if ( typeof summaryButtons === 'undefined' ) {
window.summaryButtons = {
hideDefaultButtons: false
};
}

var veSaveDialog, $summaryWrapper, $summary;
if ( mode === 'classic' ) {
$summaryWrapper = $( '#wpSummaryWidget' );
$summary = $( '#wpSummary' );
} else {
veSaveDialog = ve.init.target.saveDialog;
if(veSaveDialog) {
$summaryWrapper = veSaveDialog.editSummaryInput.$element;
$summary = veSaveDialog.editSummaryInput.$input;
}
}

var $summaryButtons = $( '<div>' )
.addClass( 'summaryButtons' )
.insertAfter( $summaryWrapper );
var $groups = $( '<div>' )
.addClass( 'summaryButtons-groups' )
.appendTo( $summaryButtons );

window.addSumButton = window.addSummaryButton = function ( label, text, group ) {
group = group || 'custom'; // default is 'default'
var $group = $( '.summaryButtons-group-' + group );
if ( !$group.length ) {
$group = $( '<div>' )
.addClass( 'mw-ui-button-group summaryButtons-group summaryButtons-group-' + group )
.appendTo( $groups );
}

$( '<a>' )
.attr( 'role', 'button' )
.attr( 'title', text )
.addClass( 'mw-ui-button summaryButtons-button' )
.html( label )
.click( insertSummary )
.appendTo( $group );
};

var buttons = mode !== 'visual' ?
// সাধারণ সম্পাদনা মোডের জন্য বোতাম
[
'সংশোধন', 'সম্প্রসারণ', 'তথ্যসূত্র| যোগ/সংশোধন', 'পরিষ্কার|করণ', 'অনুবাদ',
'রচনাশৈলী', 'বিষয়শ্রেণী', 'চিত্র', 'বিষয়বস্তু| যোগ', 'বানান| সংশোধন',
'হালনাগাদ| করা হল', 'ট্যাগ| যোগ/বাতিল', 'অনুলিপি| সম্পাদনা', 'উত্তর| প্রদান', 'মন্তব্য| যোগ'
] :
// দৃশ্যমান সম্পাদনার জন্য বোতাম - আলোচনার জন্য কোনও বোতাম নেই
// (দৃশ্যমান সম্পাদনা আলোচনার পৃষ্ঠাগুলিতে ব্যবহারের উদ্দেশ্যে নয়)
[
'সংশোধন', 'সম্প্রসারণ', 'তথ্যসূত্র| যোগ/সংশোধন', 'পরিষ্কার|করণ', 'অনুবাদ',
'রচনাশৈলী', 'বিষয়শ্রেণী', 'চিত্র', 'বিষয়বস্তু| যোগ', 'বানান| সংশোধন',
'হালনাগাদ| করা হল', 'ট্যাগ| যোগ/বাতিল', 'অনুলিপি| সম্পাদনা'
];

if ( !summaryButtons.hideDefaultButtons ) {
$.each(
buttons,
function ( i, s ) {
addSummaryButton( s.replace( /\|.*/, '' ), s.replace( /\|/, '' ), 'default' );
}
);
}
$( '<a>' )
.attr( 'href', 'https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/উইকিপিডিয়া:গ্যাজেট/সম্পাদনা_সারাংশ_বোতাম' )
.attr( 'target', '_blank' )
.attr( 'title', 'সম্পাদনা সারাংশ বোতাম সম্পর্কিত তথ্য' )
.attr( 'tabindex', '-1' )
.addClass( 'mw-ui-button mw-ui-quiet summaryButtons-info-link' )
.text( '?' )
.appendTo( $summaryButtons );

// Эти стили находятся здесь, а не в отдельном CSS, потому что на страницах, где кнопок нет,
// они вредны, а за тем, где запускается CSS, мы не можем проследить.
mw.util.addCSS( '\
.mw-editform #wpSummaryWidget {\
margin-bottom: 0;\
}\
\
.mw-editform .editCheckboxes {\
margin-top: .85714em;\
}\
' );

if ( mode !== 'classic' && !additionalCSS ) {
additionalCSS = mw.util.addCSS( '\
.ve-ui-mwSaveDialog-savePanel .summaryButtons {\
margin-top: 2px;\
}\
\
.ve-ui-mwSaveDialog-savePanel .ve-ui-mwSaveDialog-options {\
border-top: 1px solid #c8ccd1;\
border-radius: 2px;\
}\
' );
veSaveDialog.updateSize();
}

mw.hook( 'summaryButtons' ).fire();
}

var additionalCSS;
if ( window.ve && ve.init && ve.init.target && ve.init.target.active || $( '.ve-loading' ).length ) {
mw.hook( 've.saveDialog.stateChanged' ).add( function () {
if ( !mw.config.get( 'wgArticleId' ) || $( '.summaryButtons' ).length ) return;
initSummaryButtons( ve.init.target.getSurface().getMode() );
} );
} else if ( [ 'edit', 'submit' ].indexOf( mw.config.get( 'wgAction' ) ) !== -1 ) {
$( function () {
var frm = document.getElementById( 'editform' );
if ( !mw.config.get( 'wgArticleId' ) || !frm || $( frm.wpSection ).val() === 'new' ) return;
initSummaryButtons( 'classic' );
} );
}
}

if ( !( window.ve && ve.init && ve.init.target && ve.init.target.active || $( '.ve-loading' ).length ) ) {
go();
}
mw.hook( 've.activationComplete' ).add( function () {
go();
} );
</pre> [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 19:01, 22 February 2022 (IST)

== Pending changes ==

Hello, you can install [[:meta:Extension:FlaggedRevs]] here. It's can also helps to protect vandal. Thanks [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 23:09, 22 February 2022 (IST)
:{{tps}} Please email the technical team at info@bharatmedia.org to activate the FlaggedRevs extension or for any technical help. [[User:Ajay Kumar|Ajay Kumar]] ([[User talk:Ajay Kumar|talk]]) 23:12, 22 February 2022 (IST)

:::Done. <s>But I haven't got any kind of reply yet.</s> However, thank you for telling. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 07:37, 23 February 2022 (IST)
::::now I got, thanks again for telling. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 11:36, 23 February 2022 (IST)

== Mediawiki code ==

Install this code also at [[:bn:মিডিয়াউইকি:Sp-contributions-footer|here]]. Thanks
<pre>
{{Sp-contributions-footer|1=$1}}
</pre> [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 07:31, 23 February 2022 (IST)

:You can use '''|status=approved''' parameter at [[:user:WikiDwarfBOT]] to remove unnecessary categories. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 07:52, 23 February 2022 (IST)
::{{re|রবি}} Both done. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 10:19, 23 February 2022 (IST)
:::Thank you, also add one more code [[:bn:মিডিয়াউইকি:Gadgets-definition]] to run [[:bn:মিডিয়াউইকি:Gadget-sompadonasarangsho.js]]-this. As you are Bureaucrats you can install Gadgets definition.
<pre>
* sompadonasarangsho[ResourceLoader|default|type=general|dependencies=mediawiki.ui.button,mediawiki.util]|sompadonasarangsho.js|sompadonasarangsho.css
</pre>
[[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 11:32, 23 February 2022 (IST)
::::Done. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 11:55, 23 February 2022 (IST)
Thanks, sorry for disturb you once again. . . Can you see in [[:bn:বিশেষ:পছন্দসমূহ#mw-prefsection-rendering|Special:Preferences]] in Bengali Bharatpedia? what's the problem, common.css is working but common.js isn't. 'স্বনির্ধারিত CSS' is there but 'স্বনির্ধারিত JS' isn't. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 12:58, 23 February 2022 (IST)
:{{re|রবি}} Please try now it's working for me. [[User:Ajay Kumar|Ajay Kumar]] ([[User talk:Ajay Kumar|talk]]) 14:53, 23 February 2022 (IST)
::{{re|Ajay Kumar|রবি}} The main page was missing so I have created that page and it should work now. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 14:57, 23 February 2022 (IST)
:::Sorry, I think you both are misunderstood, I didn't say that. I am talking about my user common.js ([[:bn:User:রবি/common.js]]) on Bn Bharatpedia, where I install some script those aren't working because of [[:bn:বিশেষ:পছন্দসমূহ#mw-prefsection-rendering|'''this''']] (in this '''স্বনির্ধারিত CSS''' means 'user/common.css' is there but User/common.js means in bengali '''স্বনির্ধারিত JS''' isn't there; missing??). @WikiDwarf: Gadget-sompadonasarangsho was already working before (you can see it by clicking any articles or pages bellow the edit summary). Thanks [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 16:14, 23 February 2022 (IST)
:::::In English Bharatpedia see [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering]], where <code>"Shared CSS/JSON/JavaScript for all skins: Custom CSS | '''Custom JavaScript'''"</code>. 'Custom JavaScript' but on Bengali Bharatpedia in [[bn:বিশেষ:পছন্দসমূহ#mw-prefsection-rendering|Special Preferences]] 'Custom JavaScript' means ''''স্বনির্ধারিত JS'''' is missing? That's why my user common.js is not working there. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 16:25, 23 February 2022 (IST)
::::::{{re|রবি}} Can you try now? [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 16:36, 23 February 2022 (IST)
:::::::Thank you so much brother now it's working, but problem is that script should wrii into manually in common.js (<code>mw.loader.load('//bn.bharatpedia.org.in/w/index.php?title='......'&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript');</code> in its format, not working). One more problem is like English Bharatpedia, mobile mode is not working in Bengali Bharatpedia, please see it too. Regards -- [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 17:45, 23 February 2022 (IST)
::::::::{{re|রবি}} I'm facing the same issue. If you look at my contributions you will see that I was trying to install/use some scripts but they aren't working for some reason. I have no idea why some of the scripts aren't working and I'm trying to find a solution or if you manage to figure out before me please let me know. Regarding the mobile version of Bengali Bharatpedia, please email the tech team to install or I will ask on your behalf. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 18:00, 23 February 2022 (IST)

== Reason? ==

Why all articles directly copied from bengal wikipedia? Bengali Bharatpedia needs some more correction :) [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 07:42, 23 February 2022 (IST)
:It was done due to lack of users who can write articles in the Bengali language on bn.bharatpedia. You may fix if there is any issue and let me know if I can help you with anything. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 10:22, 23 February 2022 (IST)

== Request for adminship ==
Hi {{re|WikiDwarf}} hope you are good. and while iam reviewing draftspaces just I saw new pages that is not yet reviewed and after I declined some unwanted articles, i tagged for deletion. But unfortunately it is getting delay. Due to insufficient users with rights. Hope I can get adminship for help you guys. And i have experience in Bharatpedia as well in Wikipedia. I requested for adminship at [[Bharatpedia:Requests for adminship/Dhaneesh Ram]]. Thanks! [[User:Dhaneesh Ram|Dhaneesh]][[User talk:Dhaneesh Ram|←Ram→]] 21:18, 27 February 2022 (IST)
:{{re|Dhaneesh Ram}} The nomination page was not properly created so I have fixed some issues. Also, your nomination is incomplete, please take a look at the nomination page and add your answers to listed questions there. Thank you, [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 21:40, 27 February 2022 (IST)

== Sir a volunteer puts in everyone's page draft. He is a Fake Volunteer and also put this page in Draft. He keeps vandalizing all the pages. ==

{{reply|SonofZeus| WikiDwarf}} Dear Sir [[Anshuman Tiwari (musician]] Sir an attempt was made to vandalize this page again and 1 fake volunteer again put it in draft. Sir block that volunteer and as soon as possible recover and live this page. And this page needs protection. Thank you so much sir}} [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 15:27, 6 March 2022 (IST)

== Sir that Fake Volunteer is again ruining [[Anshuman Tiwari (musician)]] page. ==

{{reply|WikiDwarf}} Sir that Fake Volunteer is again ruining [[Anshuman Tiwari (musician)]] page. [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 19:24, 7 March 2022 (IST)
:{{re|Coolblack4}} If I'm not wrong, you are referring to user {{u|Lucasraven12}} who proposed the article for deletion and I don't see their action as disruptive. Any contributor can create, edit or even nominate an article for deletion if they feel it may not meet our content guidelines, but that's not the dead end. Currently [[Anshuman Tiwari (musician)]] was proposed for deletion and any editor who disagrees with a proposed deletion can simply remove the tag. Even after the page is deleted, any editor can have the page restored by any administrator simply by asking. In both cases, the editor is encouraged to fix the perceived problem with the page. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 20:22, 7 March 2022 (IST)

{{reply|WikiDwarf}} Sir, why didn't you protect this page from getting ruined?

You have made this page good even a few days ago. You now remove the tag from this page because now it has all the good sources. [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 20:35, 7 March 2022 (IST)

{{reply|WikiDwarf}} Sir it is not necessary that all volunteers will be right.
Volunteers also make mistakes.
You are very big that's why I am telling you. You can check the refill once and remove the tag. [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 20:38, 7 March 2022 (IST)

{{reply|WikiDwarf}}
Yesterday this volunteer had put this tag in this page.
{{Prod blp/dated
|concern =
|user =
|timestamp = 20220307151651
|help =
}}
And you had removed this tag from that page.

Looks like that volunteer hates this page so he is doing it intentionally.

[[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 20:46, 7 March 2022 (IST)

== Sir, for how long have you protected [[Anshuman Tiwari (musician)]] page? ==

Sir, for how long have you protected [[Anshuman Tiwari (musician)]] page? [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 13:49, 9 March 2022 (IST)

== Page Move ==

{{ping|WikiDwarf}} An IP submitted My draft now please look at it ...
https://en.bharatpedia.org.in/wiki/Draft:Susovan_Sonu_Roy [[User:Weftpies|Weftpies]] ([[User talk:Weftpies|talk]]) 19:46, 14 March 2022 (IST)

{{ping|WikiDwarf}} But The draft I created has Google listed see this link [https://g.co/kgs/x9YGQH] [[User:Weftpies|Weftpies]] ([[User talk:Weftpies|talk]]) 12:31, 15 March 2022 (IST)

{{ping|WikiDwarf}} If you compare My draft to this page https://en.bharatpedia.org.in/wiki/Anshuman_Tiwari_(musician) that singer is also not notable and no Google listing also not good reference and if you see My draft page there are good reference and also google listings and good recognition.please look at it.

:{{re|Weftpies}} I looked at your draft and can't find any reliable source that supports notability so you need to provide some reliable news articles that discuss the subject directly. Regarding [[Anshuman Tiwari (musician)]], if you believe the subject isn't notable as per our policies you can nominate the article for deletion. Happy editing. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 08:40, 15 March 2022 (IST)

== Adminship for Bengali Bharatpedia ==

Hi, WikiDwarf! How are you? If you have time, please see [[:bn:ভারতপিডিয়া:প্রশাসক হওয়ার আবেদন/রবি|'''RFA''']] at বাংলা ভারতপিডিয়া। I want to letting you know that the time of the RFA close to end. Thank you. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 19:50, 21 March 2022 (IST)

== Some issues ==

Hi, WikiDwarf!

Thank you for passing RFA. The problem I noticed is that I can edit under MediaWiki protection but somehow I can't create pages into the MediaWiki namespace. I hope the interface administrator can do this. However for now can you install twinkle gadets extension or js there from English wikipedia?, so that i can translate and correct the script to run twinkle on Bengali Bharatpedia.

One more problem is as an Administrator I'm not able to give userright (like- rollback, Autopatrolled etc.) to another user and main problem is that i'm not able to make myself bot account for temporary to fixing some general issues, for which the place of recent changes is floating. I think it's important to have. Please look at this. Thanks. -- [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 21:55, 22 March 2022 (IST)

: You have to import [[:mw:en:Wikipedia:Twinkle/Localisation|these]]. No problem, please look when you have time. Best wishes [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 22:05, 22 March 2022 (IST)

::Should I create a bot account instead, if there is more trouble in this. Then I'll request for BRFA. Which one is best? Please suggest too. Thanks [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 00:03, 23 March 2022 (IST)
:::{{re|রবি}} Sorry for replying late. I tried to install Twinkle here on English Bharatpedia by importing pages [[:mw:en:Wikipedia:Twinkle/Localisation|listed here]] but it seems that Twinkle is designed only to work for Wikimedia sites and it's not available for third parties. Regarding giving use rights, the option is limited for Bureaucrats so, you need to email info@bharatmedia and ask for help on that case. To run a bot account you need to create a new user account e.g. রবি Bot and let me know and I will add it to the bot group. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 12:04, 23 March 2022 (IST)
::::Done. Thanks! Kindly see [[:Bn:ভারতপিডিয়া:বট/অনুমোদনের অনুরোধ/ReplacementBOT|'''BRFA''']].—[[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 15:55, 23 March 2022 (IST)
:::::also kindly give Adminship access to my this bot account too, it's needed to run [[:bn:Special:ReplaceText|Special:ReplaceText]]. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 16:16, 23 March 2022 (IST)
Will you make my bot as an administrator too? Reason is to run [[:bn:Special:ReplaceText|Special:ReplaceText]], needs administrator usergroup access. I am responsible for the every single work done by my bot. Thanks [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 22:16, 23 March 2022 (IST)

:Sorry for disturbing multiple times, hope you never mind. :) [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 22:49, 23 March 2022 (IST)
::{{re|রবি}} Unfortunately it's not possible to grant adminship to bot accounts, but I will ask the tech team to let bot access [[:bn:Special:ReplaceText]]. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 21:34, 24 March 2022 (IST)
:::When it's done, please let me know. Thanks [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 10:19, 25 March 2022 (IST)
::::{{re|রবি}} It's done already. You may try and let me know if you face any issues. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 12:12, 25 March 2022 (IST)

;Interface Adminship
::Kindly see [[:bn:ভারতপিডিয়া:ইন্টারফেস প্রশাসক হওয়ার আবেদন/রবি|RFIA]], important rights to create pages on mediawiki namespace. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 15:03, 26 March 2022 (IST)

:::I have modify the [[:bn:|main page]] of bnwiki. Does it look good now or was previous one better than it? Too much hard work I put to create this. Please look at this also. Thanks. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 17:13, 26 March 2022 (IST)
::::{{re|রবি}} Sorry I was busy with some other work. The main page looks good to me regarding RFIA I'll take a look at it shortly. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 21:19, 28 March 2022 (IST)
:::::Thanks, I'm still waiting! However, for now, could you help me to replace '''$1''' with {{tq|1=<nowiki><a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.bn">সিসি বাই-এসএ ৩.০</a></nowiki>}} [[:bn:মিডিয়াউইকি:Mobile-frontend-copyright|here]]? I'm not able to do that, this will only interface administrators can do. Thank you. --[[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 23:43, 3 April 2022 (IST)
:::::{{re|রবি}} The tech team is undergoing major maintenance work so to avoid any conflict I didn't perform any action. Once the maintenance work is over with more power, I will complete all your request. Sorry for the inconvenience. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 11:25, 4 April 2022 (IST)
:::::: Ok, I'm sorry! That's why I see previously search box wasn't working in mobile mode, but now it's works. --[[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 16:10, 4 April 2022 (IST)
:::::::One last thing is you didn't replace properly, that's why link isn't working. You need to replace it's properly, kindly '''<nowiki>[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.bn সিসি বাই-এসএ ৩.০]</nowiki>''' replace with {{tq|1=<nowiki><a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.bn">সিসি বাই-এসএ ৩.০</a></nowiki>}} properly. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 16:11, 4 April 2022 (IST)
::::::::see it on mobile mode in bottom of the page, if you need any further confirmation ([https://bn.bharatpedia.org.in/index.php?title=%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile direct link]). regards! (when I'll forgot to thank you, please consider রবি has thanked you :) [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 10:55, 21 April 2022 (IST)

== [[Bharatpedia talk:Arjuni Municipal Council]] ==

I'm confused with this, and didn't understand how to handle it, made by User:Tata India; can you solve it? and help by moving page into draft namespace. Thanks [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 23:34, 27 March 2022 (IST)
:{{tps}} I have solved it by moving contents to [[Arjuni Municipal Council]]. [[User:Ajay Kumar|Ajay Kumar]] ([[User talk:Ajay Kumar|talk]]) 23:46, 27 March 2022 (IST)

== Import ==

If you had time, can you import [[:mw:bn:মিডিয়াউইকি:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js|মিডিয়াউইকি:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.js]] & [[:mw:bn:মিডিয়াউইকি:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.css|মিডিয়াউইকি:Gadget-ReferenceTooltips.css]] on Bengali Bharatpedia? As an only Interface Administrator there, so I'm requesting you. You only able to do that. Thank you. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 01:34, 28 March 2022 (IST)
:Sure, I will import these pages shortly. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 21:19, 28 March 2022 (IST)

== Now this page will have to be protected permanently. ==

{{reply|WikiDwarf}} Hi Dear Sir, As I mentioned earlier some volunteers are teasing on this page. [[Anshuman_Tiwari_(musician)]] You have locked this page after that it is unlocked here. That volunteer again fake tag this page and locked it. I told you to protect this page permanently. Please act as soon as possible Thank you! [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 07:40, 1 April 2022 (IST)

== Email confirmation issue ==

It's seems that there are some problem is in Bangla Bharatpedia in user email confirmation; cause I tried it more than 10 times there from my account creation date to till now but no response get. So today when I last tried there but still got no response so I try here in English Bharatpedia, then finally got response and now my email address has been confirmed there and here both. :) [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 10:40, 21 April 2022 (IST)

== Protect the page permanently ==

{{reply|WikiDwarf}} Dear Sir, Someone has tagged again. You remove the tag again and protect the page permanently.
Thank You. [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 08:21, 25 April 2022 (IST)
:{{re|Coolblack4}} I went ahead and removed the tag. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 08:51, 25 April 2022 (IST)

Thank you so much sir, Can you make this page a permanent protect so that no one can tamper with this page? [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 09:13, 25 April 2022 (IST)

:{{re|Coolblack4}} Unfortunately, it's not possible to fully protection, that's need a pure vandalism in the history of article. But, still you need to wait WikiDwarf's reply. Extra, you can read [[Bharatpedia:Protection policy]]. regards [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 10:17, 25 April 2022 (IST)

==Meetup==
{{re|রবি|Dhaneesh Ram|SonOfZeus|Ajay Kumar}} Hello guys. First of all I would like to apologize for not being around, actually I was super busy with the tech team and we were working on some supper existing projects. Everything is almost done and we will be back as normal but I need your help for testing some new features and all. So, can you guys please confirm the best time to discuss? Please add your preferred time below and we'll all try to come online at the same time. Thank you. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:26, 4 May 2022 (IST)

: {{Ping|WikiDwarf}} I am okay with Tomorrow from 12 PM to 2 PM. But others convenience is must. Thank you! [[User:Dhaneesh Ram|Dhaneesh]][[User talk:Dhaneesh Ram|←Ram→]] 19:36, 4 May 2022 (IST)
::Thank you {{re|Dhaneesh Ram}}, if you have some time we can discuss right now as I'm ok to discuss with everyone on their preferred time. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:41, 4 May 2022 (IST)
:::I have some free time for today but others convenience is preferable! --[[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 19:46, 4 May 2022 (IST)
:::: {{ping|WikiDwarf}} sorry for my inconvenience iam little busy now, shall we discuss tomorrow? [[User:Dhaneesh Ram|Dhaneesh]][[User talk:Dhaneesh Ram|←Ram→]] 19:57, 4 May 2022 (IST)
:::::{{re|Dhaneesh Ram}} Sure we can discuss tomorrow. {{re|SonOfZeus}} Are you free tomorrow by 1pm? [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 20:04, 4 May 2022 (IST)
::::::It's ok. Actually, for tomorrow, I have some busy schedule, but I will ''try to arrange'' my schedule to make myself free at 1 pm tomorrow for the discussion! --[[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 22:02, 4 May 2022 (IST)
:::::::{{re|Dhaneesh Ram|SonOfZeus}} Great!! so will get in touch tomorrow at 1pm. {{re|রবি|Ajay Kumar}} can join us or we can discuss with them later. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 22:12, 4 May 2022 (IST)
::::::::{{re|Dhaneesh Ram|SonOfZeus|রবি|Ajay Kumar}} Please [https://web.libera.chat/?channel=#bharatmedia click here] to join me for discussion and use your Bharatpedia username to login (without password). [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 12:51, 5 May 2022 (IST)
::::::::::Unfortunately, I tried after every 10 minutes for 3 times to enter, it failed. Idk why! Hope I will join in the next time! --[[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 13:52, 5 May 2022 (IST)
:::::::::::{{re|SonOfZeus}} That's strange, because I was discussing with Dhaneesh Ram on the same channel. If you want I can mail you all the details and you can test everything in your spare time. :) [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 13:59, 5 May 2022 (IST)
::::::::::::I'm still around on the channel feel free to join me when ever you are free. Just click on the link above, add your username under "nick" and click start. If you see any error please feel free to share it with me here. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 14:05, 5 May 2022 (IST)
:::::::::::::Going away for half an hour and I will be back by 3PM. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 14:27, 5 May 2022 (IST)
Guys, I'm really sorry. First of all i didn't get notifications, just open and seeing it now; secondly I'm passing my Eid holidays. Thank you WikiDwarf for inviting me to that discussion. What was the topic of discussion there? Was it video chatting or normal? Can someone email me with a brief explanation of that topic? I'm little busy now days, Sorry for any inconvenience. Thank you. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 16:10, 5 May 2022 (IST)
:Hello {{re|রবি}}, that's ok even SonOfZeus was not able to join the discussion. It was a normal discussion about new features we have introduced. I will mail you and SonOfZeus a detailed email so you can review and react accordingly. Have a good time and enjoy holidays. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 18:43, 5 May 2022 (IST)
::{{re|রবি}} I lost your email address please send me an email so I can forward the details to you. {{re|SonOfZeus}}, please check your mailbox. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:46, 5 May 2022 (IST)
:::Done, please check your email. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 09:18, 6 May 2022 (IST)
Hello WikiDwarf! I received your mail! I have checked out all the websites one by one! There's no problem in log in. Once after I logged in at meta, I saw there is automatic log in at all the languages' wikis! But I saw my edit count in Meitei Bharatpedia as "0" in http://bharatpedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAuth when I entered my username and check my information! Is this a result of malfunction? I have done significant edits in Meitei Bharatpedia. Besides, in the section of "Groups", I saw nothing in Meitei Bharatpedia's row but I saw "autopatrolled, importer, sysop" in English Bharatpedia. --[[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 22:58, 6 May 2022 (IST)
::::{{re|SonOfZeus}} Thank you for confirming. Please allow me some time to investigate all the issues you raised above and we'll try to fix them as soon as possible and I'll get back to you with an update. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 10:18, 7 May 2022 (IST)
:::::I just checked and notice that old edits are not updating in the CentralAuth table but those edits are available in the local wiki so if you look at your contributions in mni-bharatpedia you'll find all your contributions. Your user right was missing so I have updated that and it can be verified through [[Special:CentralAuth]]. Please let me know if there is anything else is missing. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 11:20, 7 May 2022 (IST)
::::::I haven't received your email yet, however I'm very happy & excited to see Meta & others projects. Hopefully, I will be of some useful to you in improving these projects. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 22:52, 9 May 2022 (IST)
{{Ping|WikiDwarf}} My adminship permission at [[:bn:|bn]] is not showing. Is there any problem? Is it done by mistake or the permission taken from me? [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 23:16, 9 May 2022 (IST)
:::::::{{re|রবি}} I have fixed the adminship on your account on bn-bharatpedia. Also, a detailed email was sent to you the same day so please check your spam box and let me know if you still can't find it and I will resend it to you. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 23:43, 9 May 2022 (IST)

== Main page other languages ==

Yesterday, you added other languages in the main page of bn bharatpedia, but unfortunately these links redirecting to wikipedia. Please see it there by clicking "ভাষা" button ([https://bn.bharatpedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7:%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B9/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE direct link]), Is it possible to solve this problem? or I'll remove these languages from the main page. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 10:27, 10 May 2022 (IST)

:But i can see in English Bharatpedia it's working perfectly. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 10:31, 10 May 2022 (IST)

::{{re|রবি}} Fixed. They were incorrectly linked in [[:bn:বিশেষ:আন্তঃউইকি]]. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 11:26, 10 May 2022 (IST)

::::Thank you. Can you delete [https://www.bharatdata.org/wiki/Property:P2 this], so that I can create it again; I wrongly create this in Data type "Property" instead of "Item". [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 13:02, 10 May 2022 (IST)
:::::Deleted. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 13:33, 10 May 2022 (IST)
::::::Did you manage to find the email or you want me to send it again? [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 13:37, 10 May 2022 (IST)
:::::::No, I didn't find (hopefully didn't get), you can send it again, sorry for bothered you again. Thank you. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 13:42, 10 May 2022 (IST)

Thank you, I got it and happy to hear about Container wiki (it's extremely useful for everyone). In all I mostly liked that when you said majority articles should be related to india in Bengali Bharatpedia (which was not before there), like as I've say before to the technical team. Anyways, when you have time can you correct the prefix of meta "m" (it is redirect to meta.wikimedia.org) at [[bn:বিশেষ:আন্তঃউইকি|বিশেষ:আন্তঃউইকি]]? and also can you add one language which is missing in bn - Prefix is "bho" and url "https://bho.bharatpedia.org/wiki/$1". Thank you. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 18:33, 10 May 2022 (IST)
:Meta and Bho both done. The name "Container" is just an idea so if you or anyone else have a better suggestion please feel free to share (the motive is to have file storage). Regarding articles related to India, we have around 3k article at the moment and I feel we should have more so if you the list of missing articles please feel free to share through email. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:02, 10 May 2022 (IST)

::In this wiki "m" redirected to "meta.bharatmedia.org" url adress, not a correct one; change into bharat'''p'''edia instead of media, that's "meta.bharatpedia.org". [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 21:53, 10 May 2022 (IST)
:::Done, thank you for pointing it out. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 21:58, 10 May 2022 (IST)
::::Hello WikiDwarf & [[User:রবি|রবি]]! I saw the logo of Meta's main page using the word "Bharat'''m'''edia" but the link url is using the word "Bharat'''p'''edia" at https://meta.bharatpedia.org/wiki/Main_Page . I was confused at this. Shall not Bharat'''p'''edia be a part of Bharat'''m'''edia? --[[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 11:50, 11 May 2022 (IST)
:::::{{re|SonOfZeus}} Meta is a project of Bharatmedia Foundation so that's the reason the logo reads "Bharatmedia". The plan was to build Meta under bharatmedia.org but due to issue with saving cookies for global login it was created under meta.bharatpedia.org. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 12:06, 11 May 2022 (IST)

== About Container Bharatmedia ==
Hello WikiDwarf! I hope there might have already been some discussions being proceeded on at the last meet-up. Btw, for me, I have some suggestions. Wikimedia Commons is known for having very very strict rules about licensing on the pictures. That strictness lead to the enabling of the local wikis (for example, English Wikipedia) to allow users to upload files in their local platforms. Local wikis still have some rules and regulations but not too strict like Wikimedia Commons. I am highlighting this fact because I expect our Container Bharatmedia to have rules but not too much strict like that of Wikimedia Commons. Particularly, cc-by-nc (non commercial license) is totally not allowed in Wikimedia Commons. But for Container Bharatmedia, I wish to allow this. This license meant not to use the files for commercial purposes. And since Bharatmedia projects are not commercial zones, it's still ok to allow files of such license type to be used. Please tell me what are your thoughts on these facts! --[[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 12:02, 11 May 2022 (IST)

:The Container wiki name is different and also a unique one. I'm one of the supporter to keep this name. Whatever will be in its rules and regulations, the main thing we must note is that it is separate from the Commons and suppose to be better than Commons (that we will make). [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 16:33, 11 May 2022 (IST)

== Bedam Shah Warsi ==

Hello, WikiDwarf! Do semi protect this page, strictly vandalized by ips. [[User:রবি|রবি]] ([[User talk:রবি|talk]]) 18:21, 11 May 2022 (IST)
:{{Tps}} [[User:রবি|রবি]] {{Done}} --[[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 19:11, 11 May 2022 (IST)
:Can you please delete it per copyright violations. as it was copied without my permission. I am not at all interested to have my work robbed by spam bloggers running this site. — Preceding [[Bharatpedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:162.158.163.221|162.158.163.221]] ([[User talk:162.158.163.221#top|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/162.158.163.221|contribs]]) 
::{{re|162.158.163.221}} Welcome to Bharatpedia, can you please explain how this work belongs to you? and can you provide some evidence so we can look into to take appropriate action? Thanks [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:19, 11 May 2022 (IST)

== Reporting issue ==

Hi, Wiki Dwarf hope you are good, I had faced some difficulty in Tamil Bharatpedia, that is it is automatically logged out. I tried to login again, but it shows incorrect password. Then I tried to change new password by clicking forget password. But I didn't get email. And i checked all other Bharatpedia like English, Hinglish, everything is ok there, i have logged in those versions. Even i checked in meta too and then i logged out from meta and i logged in again but My account is not get logged in to Tamil Bharatpedia. How can I fix it. [[User:Dhaneesh Ram|Dhaneesh]][[User talk:Dhaneesh Ram|←Ram→]] 15:27, 15 May 2022 (IST)
:{{re|Dhaneesh Ram}} Let me check and I'll try getting the issue resolved as soon as possible. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 16:33, 15 May 2022 (IST)
::Can you try again? [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 17:01, 15 May 2022 (IST)
:::{{re|WikiDwarf}}I got mail with temporary password, i logged in with that, but I logged out in English Bharatpedia now, but I logged in again. Probably it all ok now. Thanks for your help and kindly grant User: Import master as autopatroller in Tamil Bharatpedia, because he is importing many articles, it is impossible to mark all articles as reviewed only by me. Thank you! [[User:Dhaneesh Ram|Dhaneesh]][[User talk:Dhaneesh Ram|←Ram→]] 17:35, 15 May 2022 (IST)
::::Hello WikiDwarf & [[User:Dhaneesh Ram]]! I am facing the same problem in Meitei Bharatpedia. I can't log in. My passwords are said to be wrong. I log in at English Bharatpedia and went to Meitei Bharatpedia. But still, there's no possibility of logging in. I am automatically logged out there. Please fix the issue! --[[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 15:40, 5 June 2022 (IST)
:::::{{re|SonOfZeus}} Thank you for pointing it out. There was some technical issue and it has been resolved. Can you check again? Thnaks. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 17:50, 5 June 2022 (IST)
:::::::Sorry for late reply! In fact, the problem is still going on. I tried to contact Bharatmedia team for the last 2 days through email. But it's always said that the recipient email isn't receiving emails because of some problems. Is there any alternative email to contact them? The first time I got to know about the logging in problem was on 11 May, 2022. Since then till now, I could not contribute anything to Meitei Bharatpedia. --[[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 19:15, 7 June 2022 (IST)
::::::::You might need to clear cookies and then try again, this is how I managed to log in. Or you can try from a different browser. The only working email is info@bharatmedia.org and there seems to be some issue with that and I guess the technical team is aware of it. Just try again after clearing cookies by clicking on the lock button in the url field and remove all cookies and let me know if you still can't login. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:22, 7 June 2022 (IST)
::::::::: {{re|SonOfZeus}} I just clicked forgot password while trying logging in. Then after few hours I recieved mail with temporary password. You may try this option, then you can reset your password. [[User:Dhaneesh Ram|Dhaneesh]][[User talk:Dhaneesh Ram|←Ram→]] 20:13, 7 June 2022 (IST)

== Rajput ==

As i have already mentioned, the info on page was unrefrenced, and if you see wikipedia and other refrences they are mentioned are cluster of clans.
:{{re|Slatersteven}} You can remove unsourced contents but you need to provide sources to support your claim e.g. ''is an untouchable group''. Please don't include any unsourced info or it will be removed. Happy editing. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 13:33, 19 May 2022 (IST)

== Draft Request : 28 June 2021‎ ==

Hello [[User:WikiDwarf]], [[Draft:Fuad Al-Qrize]], As of 28 June 2021‎ , the article has not been revised, although I have added other sources that support the article on your site.
Could you look back at the article and review it?
thank you.

Hello again mr [[User:WikiDwarf]],

I have added other sources to the article, the most important sources are in Arabic, and you can check more through the Google information card in Arabic from here: https://g.co/kgs/uTMxqa

Or in English here: https://g.co/kgs/nkYhu1

Or through the official website from here: https://www.fuadalqrize.me

Thanks. --[[User:Alialfaisal|Alialfaisal]] ([[User talk:Alialfaisal|talk]]) 03:41, 9 June 2022 (IST)

[[User:WikiDwarf]], I hope to delete the article, because it seems that the site administrator does not read the Arabic language or does not have Arab editors who read the sources in the Arabic language that qualifies the approval of the article. Thanks--[[User:Alialfaisal|Alialfaisal]] ([[User talk:Alialfaisal|talk]]) 02:40, 15 June 2022 (IST)

:{{re|Alialfaisal}} The Arabic sources were reviewed by me using Google translator and I found those websites unreliable as per [[Bharatpedia:Reliable sources]]. If you can find some articles on reliable news websites (in any language) please feel free to include them in the draft or you can tag it with {{tl|db-g7}} for deletion. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 11:25, 15 June 2022 (IST)

There are very reliable sources in Arabic and you can check again to see them, I've also added a source from The Times of India and you can check it out here: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/readersblog/author/fuad579/. --[[User:Alialfaisal|Alialfaisal]] ([[User talk:Alialfaisal|talk]]) 19:13, 16 June 2022 (IST)

One last point: [https://elcinema.com/en/person/2211899 elcinema.com] ,Arab online database for films, actors and Writers, Is this not a reliable source? --[[User:Alialfaisal|Alialfaisal]] ([[User talk:Alialfaisal|talk]]) 19:45, 16 June 2022 (IST)

:Wikidwarf per talk page stalking I have moved the page to mainspace as I think the article is now ready to move per Times of India and other better local sources. Feel free to revert me. [[User:Anonymous Raja|Anonymous Raja]] ([[User talk:Anonymous Raja|talk]])
::{{re|Anonymous Raja}} I have reverted your move because the Times of India is not a news article but a profile and the rest of the sources are not reliable. Please cite some reliable sources that support the notability of the subject as per [[Bharatpedia:Notability]]. Thanks [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 09:38, 21 July 2022 (IST)
:Menafn seems to be reliable source. It looks like you are reverting the move by different user because there might be some undisclosed reasons. I see there are many articles which are much poor than it in article namespaces. Anyways since you are founder here you are free to do the discrimination and partiality. Go ahead and block my account because I am not interested to live at such a nonsense place. [[User:Anonymous Raja|Anonymous Raja]] ([[User talk:Anonymous Raja|talk]]) 18:19, 21 July 2022 (IST)
::{{re|Anonymous Raja}} First of all I'm not the founder here nor do I do partiality if there are poor articles around they can be nominated for deletion or tagged for speedy deletion by anyone. Regarding Menafn, I visited the site but can't find any information on their editorial policies so the reliability of this site is questionable. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 18:37, 21 July 2022 (IST)
::{{re|WikiDwarf}}, [[Draft:Fuad Al-Qrize]] I've done a final update of the article, attach other news and IDs and set an invocation of the article, is it enough or is the site you founded adding who you want and leave whoever you want! ...I think there are hundreds of articles on this site that do not offer any local and already Notability, which is unacceptable if the site has clear and explicit policies and conditions... But this character's article I don't know why I've been fighting it for about a year. End of debate: After reviewing if you see that the article now verifies the Notability of your site you can transfer it, and if the article does not provide the Notability you can delete it directly. --[[User:Alialfaisal|Alialfaisal]] ([[User talk:Alialfaisal|talk]]) 05:00, 26 July 2022 (IST)

::{{re|WikiDwarf}}, Dear, if there's no real review of the article, I wish to delete it, or give me details of the quick deletion request, I don't know what the reason for the delay in reviewing the article is, but what I do know is that this encyclopedia does not have a single editor or administrator reading in Arabic to review the said sources, nor did it benefit the sources and knowledge in English, I think the Notability mentioned by the administrator in this encyclopedia is not applicable to everyone, because there are hundreds of articles that do not achieve any remarkable reliability and their article is already present.That's weird. Admin WikiDwarf thought added the Notability section of the encyclopedia to suit it personally and not in the public interest, I wish to speed up the process by either immediately reviewing or quickly deleting the article. --[[User:Alialfaisal|Alialfaisal]] ([[User talk:Alialfaisal|talk]]) 03:12, 27 July 2022 (IST)

== Review draft for [[Draft:Sadguru Shri Riteshwar]] ==

Hello, can you please review draft for [[Draft:Sadguru Shri Riteshwar]]? I am looking forward to contribute more here. [[User:Nileshk|Nileshk]] ([[User talk:Nileshk|talk]]) 07:55, 10 June 2022 (IST)

:{{re|Nileshk}} Welcome and thank you for contributing to Bharatpedia. I have approved your submission, but your new article has no links to other Bharatpedia pages, and no other article links to it so please improve your article by adding links that are relevant to the context within the existing text. If you need any help please feel free to ask me here. Happy editing. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 10:11, 10 June 2022 (IST)

::[[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]], I have added links on the article, how can I upload photo on the page? I have also made over 20 edits. [[User:Nileshk|Nileshk]] ([[User talk:Nileshk|talk]]) 11:22, 13 June 2022 (IST)
:::{{re|Nileshk}} You can uplaod the image by visiting the [[Special:Upload]]. Please make sure you own the copyrights of the work you'll be uploading. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 12:31, 15 June 2022 (IST)

== Please review and approve my article Rao Sahab ==

Please check and approve the same, i will keep improving it

== Deletion of minor edit. ==

I submitted a minor edit on Pallathu Raman's page. "He had a son Pradeep from his second wife." this you have deleted as No source provided. The reason no source is provided, because I am that son. My mother was Saguna. WHat proof can I submit, because I have no written document.

:{{reply|Forgotten1950}} Hello and welcome to my talk page, You may cite a news article, or book source to support your changes. But, as you said that you are his son you may use your official social media or website as a source so readers know that the information they are gaining is true and came from an official source. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 15:53, 3 July 2022 (IST)

== Solve my issue ==

Dear sir [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 15:33, 25 July 2022 (IST)
:{{re|Coolblack4}} What is the issue and how I can solve it? [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 15:34, 25 July 2022 (IST)

Dear my sir, you write journalist behind the name in parentheses [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 15:36, 25 July 2022 (IST)

Because if we do this then it will look better and people will come to know easily. [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 15:37, 25 July 2022 (IST)
:{{not done}}. We only have two articles under the same name [[Anshuman Tiwari]] and [[Anshuman Tiwari (musician)]] so it's not possible at this point. In future when we'll have more articles under this title, "Anshuman Tiwari" will be converted to a disambiguation page. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 15:42, 25 July 2022 (IST)

If we want to create another journalist's page, his name is also Anshuman Tiwari then? [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 15:57, 25 July 2022 (IST)
:Then you need to add disambiguation to the title e.g. [[Anshuman Tiwari (journalist)]]. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 16:28, 25 July 2022 (IST)

== Changing Username ==

{{u|WikiDwarf}} I want to change my username ... How to change request ? [[User: PinkMelon|PinkMelon]] ([[User talk: PinkMelon|talk]]) 18:39, 26 August 2022 (IST)
:{{re|PinkMelon}} You can add your request at [[Bharatpedia:Changing username/Simple]] and I'll be happy to perform the action. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 18:49, 26 August 2022 (IST)

::{{re|WikiDwarf}} Are you on Wikipedia ? [[User:PinkMelon|PinkMelon]] ([[User talk:PinkMelon|talk]]) 23:42, 26 August 2022 (IST)
:::{{re|PinkMelon}} I use to but not now. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 10:07, 27 August 2022 (IST)

::::{{re|WikiDwarf}} lf you ask about my experience I'm editing Wikipedia over 9 years as an unregistered user. By the way your Wiki username please ? [[User:PinkMelon|PinkMelon]] ([[User talk:PinkMelon|talk]]) 10:53, 27 August 2022 (IST)
:::::{{re|PinkMelon}} Coincidently I was also editing anonymously due to the privacy reason. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 10:58, 27 August 2022 (IST)
:::::Also, regarding your [[Draft:Mota Kotarna|recent move]], articles on geographical locations such as villages, towns etc. are notable if the name of the particular location is mentioned at censusindia.gov.in. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 11:09, 27 August 2022 (IST)

== Wish ==

{{u|WikiDwarf}} Wish you a very Happy Navratri and Durga Puja 🙏🙏 🙏 [[User:PinkMelon|PinkMelon]] ([[User talk:PinkMelon|talk]]) 23:51, 2 October 2022 (IST)
:{{re|PinkMelon}} Wish you the same and I hope you are having a great time with your loved ones. 🙏 [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 23:57, 2 October 2022 (IST)

== User Right ==

Can you give me Extended Confirmed right as I'm completed 1 year on here 😊 '''[[User:PinkMelon|PINKMELON]]''' 15:32, 9 October 2022 (IST)
:Hello {{re|PinkMelon}}, The extended confirmed user right is automatically granted to all users once they hit the 500 edits mark ([[Bharatpedia:User access levels#Extended confirmed users|BP:user access levels]]) and as per your contributions you are not too far so please keep up the good work and your account will be extended confirmed once you reach the require edit count by the system. Please let me know if I can help you with anything. 😊 [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 15:53, 9 October 2022 (IST)

::Can you give me New page reviewer (patroller) right ? 😊 '''[[User:PinkMelon|PINKMELON]]''' 16:23, 9 October 2022 (IST)
:::{{re|PinkMelon}} Please submit your request at [[Bharatpedia:Requests for permissions#New page reviewer]] and describe your experience. I'll be happy to review it. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 17:14, 9 October 2022 (IST)

== Please move my Draft to be a published page ==

Hi, {{u|WikiDwarf}}. Could you please move this page from draft space out to publish - https://en.bharatpedia.org/wiki/Draft:Prince_Oak_Oakleyski ,, Thank you in advance and best regards. 😊'''[[User:Chanokrat|Chanokrat]]'''
:Hello {{re|Chanokrat}}, I looked at your draft and it's not yet ready for the main namespace as it does not include reliable third-party sources that establish the notability of the subject so please cite some credible sources and submit the draft for review. Please let me know if you need any help. Thanks [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 11:52, 24 October 2022 (IST)
:Hello {{re|WikiDwarf}}, I've added a few more sources. And the sources I've already cited are credible, for example; IMDB, Nebraska News Channel, and Itnews24hrs. You can also check in Google search. Or you can delete the page if your site doesn't want to know about the 'prince of Eurasia' . Thank you. [[User:Chanokrat|Chanokrat]]'''

== Upload Image ==

Hi {{u|WikiDwarf}} I want upload image, Where to upload images ? [[User:PinkMelon|Pink]][[User Talk:PinkMelon|Melon]] 23:31, 18 November 2022 (IST)
:{{re|PinkMelon}} You can visit [[Special:Upload]] to upload images and change your skin to Vector by visiting to [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering]] for a smooth process. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 23:40, 18 November 2022 (IST)

{{u|WikiDwarf}} Thanks. [[User:PinkMelon|Pink]][[User Talk:PinkMelon|Melon]] 01:19, 19 November 2022 (IST)

== Deletion of draft ==

Respected Wikidwarf Sir,
Can you please remove the [[Draft:Mayuri (Mahabharata)]] draft, it creates wastage of articles. I request you to delete the page. And please convert the [[Draft:Kimveka (Mahabharata)|Kimveka]].
Thank you.
[[Special:Contributions/103.210.202.134|103.210.202.134]] ([[User talk:103.210.202.134|talk]]) 00:38, 3 January 2023 (IST)
:{{Done}} Hello 103.210.202.134, I have deleted [[Draft:Mayuri (Mahabharata)]] under G7 as per your request. Regarding [[Draft:Kimveka (Mahabharata)]] the draft is completely unsourced so please submit some reliable sources to support the information and submit it for review by adding <code><nowiki>{{submit}}</nowiki></code> at the top. Thank you and please let me know if you need any help. Happy New Year. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 10:01, 3 January 2023 (IST)

Same to you sir 🙏 [[Special:Contributions/103.210.202.134|103.210.202.134]] ([[User talk:103.210.202.134|talk]]) 20:38, 3 January 2023 (IST)

== Wish ==

{{u|WikiDwarf}} Wish you a very Happy New Year 2023 😎🤗🥳 [[User:PinkMelon| PinkMelon]] [[User talk:PinkMelon|'''talk''']] 18:42, 3 January 2023 (IST)
:Thank you {{re|PinkMelon}} and wish you the same. Have a wonderful year ahead. 🤗 [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:15, 3 January 2023 (IST)

== Added citations ==

Wikidwarf Sir,
Accordingly I have added citations to the [[Draft:Kimveka (Mahabharata)]] draft. Kindly please convert into a article. I request you to make it I'll do same with other drafts but please convert into a article means review the draft please. [[Special:Contributions/172.71.202.97|172.71.202.97]] ([[User talk:172.71.202.97|talk]]) 15:03, 6 January 2023 (IST)

== Deletion of Bhanumati pages ==

Dear sir, please delete these two pages [[User:Gomateshwari|Gomateshwari]] ([[User talk:Gomateshwari|talk]]) 17:08, 7 January 2023 (IST)

== Please Review my first article ==

Hello {{u|WikiDwarf}} sir, please review my draft article again [[Draft:Dinesh_Kunwar_Patel_(Scientist_%26_Educator)]], and please publish if worth publishing, or give your valuable suggestion to improve it, to make publishable.
Regards
--[[User:TinyTots|TinyTots]] ([[User talk:TinyTots|talk]]) 10:02, 22 February 2023 (IST)

== Review Draft ==

I have rewritten the article and removed the unsourced information. Can you please approve it and make it live?
https://en.bharatpedia.org/wiki/Draft:Thaminder_Singh_Anand
:{{re|Amankel55‎}} Hello, I'm so sorry for replying late to your message, actually, I was busy with some other work. I can see you have moved the draft to the main namespace already but it still sounds promotional and not written from a neutral point of view. I looked at the sources and notice there should be a section called "controversy" to maintain the neutrality of the article. In order to point out the issues I have tagged the article with NPOV and PROMO so please let me know if you need any help and I'll be happy to assist you. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 12:23, 13 March 2023 (IST)

== Review Draft , [[Draft:Sorif B. Mahmud]] and [[Draft: Wikiyri]] ==

Please review this two article. [[User:RAJIB-ZRC|RAJIB-ZRC]] ([[User talk:RAJIB-ZRC|talk]]) 18:34, 25 March 2023 (IST)
:{{re|RAJIB-ZRC}} Thank you for contacting. These drafts are not yet ready for the main namespace so please cite some reliable third-party sources that establish notability and submit them for review. If you need any help please let me know. Thank you and happy editing. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:28, 25 March 2023 (IST)

Okay, Thanks. I will try to enrich Bharat Pedia by adding reliable sources. [[User:RAJIB-ZRC|RAJIB-ZRC]] ([[User talk:RAJIB-ZRC|talk]]) 20:45, 25 March 2023 (IST)

== Review [[Draft:Sorif B. Mahmud]] ==

Please review this article. [[User:RAJIB-ZRC|RAJIB-ZRC]] ([[User talk:RAJIB-ZRC|talk]]) 23:15, 26 March 2023 (IST)

Please review this draft article. [[User:RAJIB-ZRC|RAJIB-ZRC]] ([[User talk:RAJIB-ZRC|talk]]) 01:56, 31 March 2023 (IST)

== Moving draft into article ==

Respected Sir,
Can you please move the [[Draft:Manava (king)]] into a article as drafts can lead wastage. Thank you [[Special:Contributions/2402:3A80:6A8:9AC6:0:2F:BAB8:5401|2402:3A80:6A8:9AC6:0:2F:BAB8:5401]] ([[User talk:2402:3A80:6A8:9AC6:0:2F:BAB8:5401|talk]]) 16:09, 29 May 2023 (IST)

== [[Draft:Parvej Husen Talukder (Poet)]], Please approve it ==

It's also notable. [[User:WikiBharat|WikiBharat]] ([[User talk:WikiBharat|talk]]) 22:33, 21 June 2023 (IST)
:{{re|WikiBharat}} I looked at the sources; unfortunately, almost all of them are unreliable. Please cite some reliable news articles that discuss him directly and in detail. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 23:38, 21 June 2023 (IST)

== AFC Script ==

Hi, I would like to assist in AFC submissions. Can you enable the script for me ? [[User:PinkMelon| PinkMelon]] [[User talk:PinkMelon|'''talk''']] 19:37, 23 June 2023 (IST)
:{{re|PinkMelon}} Thank you for your interest in helping with AfC submissions. Can you please add your request at [[Bharatpedia talk:WikiProject Articles for creation/Participants]] so I and other sysop/reviewers can look into this? Thank you. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 20:04, 23 June 2023 (IST)
I've added my AFC request please check. [[User:PinkMelon| PinkMelon]] [[User talk:PinkMelon|'''talk''']] 22:36, 23 June 2023 (IST)

== Thanks ==

Thank you for your words of encouragement and the barnstar. - [[User:Kamal Guha|Kamal Guha]] ([[User talk:Kamal Guha|talk]]) 10:48, 24 June 2023 (IST)
:{{re|Kamal Guha}} You're welcome! Happy editing. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 11:22, 24 June 2023 (IST)

== Regarding Google Indexing ==

I have created an article ( Dinesh Kumar ), i want to know that when will this article be indexed on google. Beacuse at this time this article is not showing on google search.
[[User:Aschoudhary9|Aschoudhary9]] ([[User talk:Aschoudhary9|talk]]) 23:49, 30 June 2023 (IST)
:Hello {{reply|Aschoudhary9}} Typically, articles are promptly indexed upon publication; however, there are instances where delays may occur due to various factors, such as the crawling process. In light of this, I would recommend reaching out to the technical team via email at {{no spam|info|bharatmedia.org}} to express your concern and request to prioritize the crawling of your article. If you have any further questions, feel free to ask. Happy editing. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 00:05, 1 July 2023 (IST)

Thanks a lot for your response.
[[User:Aschoudhary9|Aschoudhary9]] ([[User talk:Aschoudhary9|talk]]) 00:08, 1 July 2023 (IST)

== Regarding Article Dinesh Kumar ==

Hello , yesterday I have created a article named [[Dinesh Kumar]] and I am researching about him from some time so that I can write correctly about him , I found a Rajasthan Patrika newspaper on google which clearly states that he belong to Mandha , Khatushyamji and His name is "Dinesh Kumar" as well as "Dinesh Meel", because "meel" is his caste.
Should I update a line in that article which state that (Dinesh Kumar is also known as Dinesh Meel).

[[User:Aschoudhary9|Aschoudhary9]] ([[User talk:Aschoudhary9|talk]]) 07:51, 1 July 2023 (IST)
:{{re|Aschoudhary9}} Yes, if they are also known by another name you can put this in the lead section e.g. "Dinesh Kumar also known as Dinesh Meel is an..." and add citation for verification. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 09:11, 1 July 2023 (IST)

::But I don't have any link for this because the source for this is newspaper named Rajasthan Patrika [[User:Aschoudhary9|Aschoudhary9]] ([[User talk:Aschoudhary9|talk]]) 09:15, 1 July 2023 (IST)
:::You can add it as an offline source, like the title of the article, name of the newspaper, date of publishing, and the page where his name is mentioned. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 11:17, 1 July 2023 (IST)

Thanks a lot
[[User:Aschoudhary9|Aschoudhary9]] ([[User talk:Aschoudhary9|talk]]) 14:29, 1 July 2023 (IST)

== Regarding Removal of Orphan tag ==

Today I edited the [[Dinesh Kumar]] article and I corrected the grammar in the article and added more reliable sources to the article.

But I am writing this to you because there is orphan tag on the article [[Dinesh Kumar]] and I think it should not be there because the article links to many Bharatpedia articles and I request you to remove the orphan tag because such tags affect the indexing of articles.

[[User:Aschoudhary9|Aschoudhary9]] ([[User talk:Aschoudhary9|talk]]) 17:38, 1 July 2023 (IST)

== Autopatrolled ==

Thanks for informing me about autopatrolled category. I have put in my request but something seems to have gone wrong. Please check. -[[User:Kamal Guha|Kamal Guha]] ([[User talk:Kamal Guha|talk]]) 20:27, 4 July 2023 (IST)
:It looks good so let's wait for some time to see other's reactions. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 21:42, 4 July 2023 (IST)

== Thanks ==

Thank you for granting me the autocontrolled privilege. - [[User:Kamal Guha|Kamal Guha]] ([[User talk:Kamal Guha|talk]]) 11:02, 5 July 2023 (IST)

== Request for Auto Patrolled ==

'''Can you give me this future. So I can check which pages are being viewed and which are not so that Bharatpedia does not face any problem of spamming.'''
And please bring Bharatpedia on par with Wikipedia.

== Request for Auto Patrolled ==

may peace be upon you . who are you Well I need Autopattrolled from you to make bharapedia great. Let's make it equivalent to Wikipedia in a piece. So that no one here does not violate it.

== Pending ==

Hey, My Autopatrolled rights review pending please check. [[User:PinkMelon|'''PinkMelon''']][[User talk:PinkMelon|(talk)]] 02:01, 6 August 2023 (IST)

== Checkuser ==

I think here are no other checkuser in Bharatpedia ... Can I get this right ? [[User:PinkMelon|'''PinkMelon''']][[User talk:PinkMelon|(talk)]] 02:16, 11 August 2023 (IST)
:PinkMelon, CU is not operational at the moment and is only granted to highly trusted users after various types of verifications because it contains sensitive data. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 11:48, 11 August 2023 (IST)

::Ok Thanks, I want to contribute to Hindi, Bengali, Punjabi and etc. languages bharatpedia, I can't login there,Can you guide me how to login on there ??? [[User:PinkMelon|'''PinkMelon''']][[User talk:PinkMelon|(talk)]] 10:32, 20 August 2023 (IST)

:::The login feature was disabled on other languages wiki since Bharatpedia was attacked with DDoS however if you want to contribute there you can ask the tech team to enable it by mailing them at {{nospam|info|bharatmedia.org}} and let me know if you need any help. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 10:41, 20 August 2023 (IST)

== Twinkle ==

Is twinkle available here when I get to the Implicit Auto-confirmed? Or it is yet to develop? As its open source just curious. [[User:Systumm|Systumm]] ([[User talk:Systumm|talk]]) 00:42, 28 August 2023 (IST)

== More & X-Tools ==

I see the options to enable them, but I dont see it on the pages after being enabled, is it something browser or they are not functional here?
[[User:Systumm|Systumm]] ([[User talk:Systumm|talk]]) 00:52, 28 August 2023 (IST)
:Hello {{re|Systumm}}, thanks for bringing up the concerns. To the best of my understanding, Twinkle and -Tools aren't meant to function on wikis not owned by us. About the "more menu" gadget, I've requested the technical team to check it out. I'll keep you posted on any updates they provide. If you come across any other problems or have suggestions, please feel free to share them via email at {{nospam|info|bharatmedia.org}}. Your input will greatly contribute to making Bharatpedia a better platform for its users. Thank you. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 11:30, 28 August 2023 (IST)

== Bharatpedia Load Speed ==

Bharatpedia is probably going through heavy traffic or server load, or maybe it needs some extra bandwidth for the cloud, Am I the only one experiencing this? Pages are loading very slow it takes almost 20-30 seconds. Where other websites are loading within 1 seconds or instantly. [[User:Systumm|Systumm]] ([[User talk:Systumm|talk]]) 00:36, 30 August 2023 (IST)
:{{re|Systumm}} You might face issues on uncached pages. For me, most of the pages open within 3-4 seconds but due to heavy traffic and load on the server, long uncached pages take some time, especially at midnight when the site receives a lot of bot requests from multiple search engines. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 08:35, 30 August 2023 (IST)

== Errors ==

Hi Admin.
I created a few pages and templates but in [[:Template:Infobox valley]] and [[:Hulhulé Island]] some errors are showing related to modules can you fix that? Thanks
:{{tps}} WikiDwarf, I have fixed the issues and informed Soldier on my talk page. [[User:Ajay Kumar|Ajay Kumar]] ([[User talk:Ajay Kumar|talk]]) 20:49, 8 September 2023 (IST)

== Bn bharatpedia ==

Hi, I'm not able to sign up on Bengali bharatpedia, it doesn't showing any option to create account. Can you help me on this matter? Thank you. [[User:Asked42|Asked42]] ([[User talk:Asked42|talk]]) 16:37, 30 September 2023 (IST)

Except English, other local Bharatpedias are currently locked.After complete maintenance probably it will open for account creation.

[[User:Magadha Historian|Magadha Historian]] ([[User talk:Magadha Historian|talk]]) 19:56, 23 November 2023 (IST)

== Question ❓ ==

Why is our Bharatpedia now entirely reliant on Wikimedia Commons for media files?

Sadly the Wikimedia Commons account "Hutah" that uploaded our Bharatpedia logo appears to be blocked on the Russian Wikipedia.

https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAuth/Hutah

We require a system similar mechanism like Everybodywiki, where files from Wikimedia Commons directly uploaded to their media platforms.
[[User:Magadha Historian|Magadha Historian]] ([[User talk:Magadha Historian|talk]]) 19:51, 23 November 2023 (IST)
:Hello {{u|Magadha Historian}}, as far as I know, Wikimedia Commons was initially utilized for files to optimize disk space usage during the early stages of Bharatpedia when it operated on a small server. However, a decision was later made to use our own platform for files, similar to Commons, and the process for the same is still in progress. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 20:11, 23 November 2023 (IST)

Oh, it's cool to know that work is in progress. Best regards

[[User:Magadha Historian|Magadha Historian]] ([[User talk:Magadha Historian|talk]]) 20:15, 23 November 2023 (IST)

== Add Me Autopattroler ==

Can you give me this future. So I can check which pages are being viewed and which are not so that Bharatpedia does not face any problem of spamming. And please bring Bharatpedia on par with Wikipedia. [[User:Muskit Gergous|Muskit Gergous]] ([[User talk:Muskit Gergous|talk]]) 21:16, 27 November 2023 (IST)
:{{re|Muskit Gergous}} Please apply for the permission at [[Bharatpedia:Requests for permissions/Autopatrolled]] and read [[Bharatpedia:Autopatrolled|this page]] before requesting. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 21:37, 27 November 2023 (IST)

== I need Administrator ==

may peace be upon you how are you firend feeling Well I need Administrator from you to make bharapedia great. Let's make it equivalent to Wikipedia in a piece. So that no one here does not violate it. [[User:Muskit Gergous|Muskit Gergous]] ([[User talk:Muskit Gergous|talk]]) 11:06, 28 November 2023 (IST)
:{{re|Muskit Gergous}} You can nominate yourself at [[Bharatpedia:Requests for adminship/Nominate]] but before that please review the requirments at [[Bharatpedia:Requests for adminship#About RfA]]. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 18:13, 28 November 2023 (IST)

== 2 December 2023 ==

When I try to create a module after creating template, I don't get an edit option show, so I want to ask you for permission. [[User:Muskit Gergous|Muskit Gergous]] ([[User talk:Muskit Gergous|talk]]) 12:30, 2 December 2023 (IST)
:The access to create pages in the module namespace is limited to admins. If you wish to create a module, please do so in your sandbox and then request an admin to review it. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 13:41, 2 December 2023 (IST)

== 3 November 2023 ==
Because of which I am very upset and sorry for your behavior I am going to leave this Bharatpedia and go back to [[Wikipedia]].An admin-created page that you've moved to [[Draft:Farhan Rana Rajpoot]]
And the one whose username you have just changed, you also gave RollerBaker and Autopatroller to him who created an account after a month. 😓😭My purpose of speaking is not that I am playing against you, my purpose of speaking is that I am very sorry to say this to you.And last but not least, I was more senior than him in account editing

== Election modules ==

Hi WikiDwarf, hope you are doing well. I was updating some election pages and I notice that the [[:Module:Political party]] and its subpages are not up to date so please update all. Thanks [[User:BellaCH|BellaCH]] ([[User talk:BellaCH|talk]]) 12:48, 3 December 2023 (IST)
:{{re|BellaCH}} done. Thank you for bringing this to my attention. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 11:06, 4 December 2023 (IST)

== Review the article ==

Hello [[User:WikiDwarf]], Can you review the article now after adding some additional sources and authority control [[Draft:Fuad Al-Qrize]],Thank You. --[[User:Alialfaisal|Alialfaisal]] ([[User talk:Alialfaisal|talk]]) 00:45, 8 December 2023 (IST)

== 13/12/2023 ==

Hello [[User:WikiDwarf]], im a new user can u guide me a little on how to edit Bharatpedia as i know the basics,also isnt there a source editor mode just like wikipedia?

== About primary Greek Script. ==

Hello WikiDwarf, I've noticed that the primary Indic Script Brahmi with translation is commonly used on Bharatpedia. I'm interested in adding primary Greek and Latin Scripts like Strabo[https://archive.org/details/geographyofstrab07strauoft/page/144/mode/1up], Arian, and Justin just above their English translations. English translations as quotes are already present on the pages.

So I wanna ask , is there any rule against this, or am I free to add the primary Greek Scripts, similar to how Ashoka's Indic Brahmi script is already used above its English translation on various pages? [[User:Bharatwiki Socrates|Bharatwiki Socrates]] ([[User talk:Bharatwiki Socrates|talk]]) 17:11, 15 December 2023 (IST)
:{{re|Bharatwiki Socrates}} You may use a small part or quotation if required but not the translation of the entire article or each paragraph. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:56, 16 December 2023 (IST)

::Thanks {{re|WikiDwarf}} for clarification, actually I am also willing to use only quotation part which I have cleared above : "'''adding primary Greek and Latin Scripts like Strabo, Arian, and Justin just above their English translations. English translations as quotes are already present on the pages.''' " I will come back after my competative exams. See you soon. Best Regards [[User:Bharatwiki Socrates|Bharatwiki Socrates]] ([[User talk:Bharatwiki Socrates|talk]]) 04:08, 17 December 2023 (IST)

== Dear Sir ==

Sir I needed some help from you. [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 08:50, 31 December 2023 (IST)
:Hello {{u|Coolblack4}}, Sure. Please feel free to leave your message. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 09:57, 31 December 2023 (IST)

Apart from this, do you also work in Eng Wikipedia? [[User:Coolblack4|Coolblack4]] ([[User talk:Coolblack4|talk]]) 20:31, 1 January 2024 (IST)

== Zerodha, all links are working, none are dead or advert ==

As per your suggestion, already checked all the reference links and sources, all the weblinks are working , did you check you web browser configuration ?

== Regarding Edit Warring ==

Please have a look: [https://en.bharatpedia.org/wiki/Talk:Prem_Raj_Pushpakaran] [[User:Bharatwiki_Socrates|🍁Bharatwiki Socrates🍁]][[User talk:Bharatwiki_Socrates|(📩)]] 10:06, 12 January 2024 (IST)
{{re|Bharatwiki Socrates}} Thank you for bringing this up. I'll take a look at it asap. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 18:48, 16 January 2024 (IST)

== Rewards ==

Thanks for your encouragement and rewards. I have intimated earlier that I am extremely comfortable with the working conditions here. I am a self-motivated person and I shall be grateful if you keep me off from the rewards. I am sorry that there way a delay in responding as I was a bit unwell. I am okay now and back to working here, With regards. - [[User:Kamal Guha|Kamal Guha]] ([[User talk:Kamal Guha|talk]]) 16:03, 12 January 2024 (IST)
:Thank you for the note {{u|Kamal Guha}} I will unsubscribe you from the reward program so you will not receive such messages. Welcome back, thank you for your valuable contributions and I hope you are doing well. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 18:48, 16 January 2024 (IST)
:: Thanks. I am getting better. - [[User:Kamal Guha|Kamal Guha]] ([[User talk:Kamal Guha|talk]]) 09:53, 19 January 2024 (IST)

== About My Contributions ==

Hello, Most of the conversations by me, are well scoured and significant. Why every on Draft? [[User:WikiBharat|WikiBharat]] ([[User talk:WikiBharat|talk]]) 09:48, 23 January 2024 (IST)

== YGM ==

Hello WikiDwarf! You have got a mail! :-)
--[[User:SonOfZeus|SonOfZeus]] ([[User talk:SonOfZeus|talk]]) 19:27, 10 February 2024 (IST)

== Regarding Madarchod , behenchod gaali. ==

Can I write an article on Indian gaalis such as Madarchod, Behenchod, Bhosdike, Tatte, etc. because such words are commonly used in daily life in India. [[Special:Contributions/2401:4900:2FF2:3981:EA9F:648:843A:2B5F|2401:4900:2FF2:3981:EA9F:648:843A:2B5F]] ([[User talk:2401:4900:2FF2:3981:EA9F:648:843A:2B5F|talk]]) 21:18, 4 April 2024 (IST)

== Review Sir ==

[[Draft:Ramkripal Yadav (YouTuber)]] please sir check [[User:Niii9bot|Niii9bot]] ([[User talk:Niii9bot|talk]]) 13:01, 9 April 2026 (IST)

== Server failure? ==

What happened to the 2024-2026 content? Did a server failure occur? [[User:Gstar|Gstar]] ([[User talk:Gstar|talk]]) 05:06, 14 April 2026 (IST)

:@[[User:Gstar|Gstar]] Hi, as much as I’m aware, the 2025–2026 content was affected by a major database attack that caused data loss. It wasn’t a typical server failure. Restoration is currently in progress, and we’re working on recovering as much of that content as possible. If you have anything specific you’d like us to restore, please share the page details with a timestamp. You can email it to {{nospam|info|bharatmedia.org}} so we can prioritize and recover it more accurately. Thank you. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 12:56, 4 May 2026 (IST)

== Hello WikiDwarf ==

Im now back, I will start editing. Since due to {{strikethrough|data}} server data loss, my right also got removed. Could you please restore them ? [[User:Bharatwiki_Socrates|🍁Bharatwiki Socrates🍁]][[User talk:Bharatwiki_Socrates|(📩)]] 00:22, 4 May 2026 (IST)

:@[[User:Bharatwiki Socrates|Bharatwiki Socrates]] Hey, welcome back. Sure, could you please remind me what specific rights/permissions you had earlier? That'll help me set everything correctly. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 12:20, 4 May 2026 (IST)
::Bharatpedia seems to be running in dark mode, navigation is difficult and confusing, and many things are not visible clearly. [[User:Bharatwiki_Socrates|🍁Bharatwiki Socrates🍁]][[User talk:Bharatwiki_Socrates|(📩)]] 16:20, 27 May 2026 (IST)
:::Hi, could you please email the screenshots of the issues you are facing either to me or info@bharatmedia.org ? Thank you. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:23, 27 May 2026 (IST)
::::I just tested it in differnet browsers and didn't notice any issue so it would be very helpful if you can share your concern so we get them fixed. Are you using the new BPNEO skin of Vector? [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 19:33, 27 May 2026 (IST)
:::::Please check your mail. Regards. [[User:Bharatwiki_Socrates|🍁Bharatwiki Socrates🍁]][[User talk:Bharatwiki_Socrates|(📩)]] 08:24, 28 May 2026 (IST)
::::::Thank you. [[User:WikiDwarf|WikiDwarf]] ([[User talk:WikiDwarf#top|talk]]) 09:34, 28 May 2026 (IST)

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