Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]

M. S. Ravi

2026-05-06T12:28:22Z

AnnettaCastanon:

{{Short description|Indian politician (born 1959)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2026}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2026}}

'''M. S. Ravi''' (born 1959) is an Indian politician from [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr.Ravi.M.S, PONNERI (SC) constituency, TVK, Tamilnadu Assembly Election 2026: Profile & Affidavit |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/candidates/Tamilnadu2026/dr-ravi-m-s-1033/ |access-date=2026-05-05 |website=The Hindu |language=en}}</ref> He is a member of the [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]] from Ponneri Assembly constituency which is reserved for Scheduled Caste community in [[Tiruvallur district]], representing [[Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=4 May 2026 |title=Ponneri election result LIVE: Dr Ravi MS of TVK wins |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/ponneri-tamil-nadu-assembly-2026-winner-live-updates-highlights-exaxt-en-liveblog-10072020.html |access-date=5 May 2026 |website=News 18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ponneri constituency - Election 2026 |url=https://election.dailythanthi.com/constituency/ponneri |access-date=2026-05-05 |website=election.dailythanthi.com |language=ta}}</ref>

== Early life and education ==
Ravi is from Royapuram, Chennai. He is the son of Shanmugam and is a doctor by profession. He completed his MBBS in 1982 at University of Madras and later did his specialisation, DM in Cardiology, also at University of Madras in 1990.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr.Ravi.M.S(Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam):Constituency- PONNERI (SC)(THIRUVALLUR) - Affidavit Information of Candidate: |url=https://www.myneta.info/TamilNadu2026/candidate.php?candidate_id=1033 |access-date=2026-05-05 |website=www.myneta.info}}</ref>

== Career ==
Ravi became an MLA for the first time winning the [[2026 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election]] from [[Ponneri Assembly constituency]] representing [[Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam]].<ref name=":0" /> He polled 110439 votes and defeated his nearest rival, [[Durai Chandrasekar]] of the [[Indian National Congress]], by a margin of 55,768 votes.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2026-05-05 |title=Ponneri election results 2026: TVK’s Dr Ravi MS wins by 55,768 votes, defeats Congress and AIADMK |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/news/ponneri-election-results-2026/articleshow/130575736.cms |access-date=2026-05-05 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ponneri Election Results 2026 LIVE: Ponneri Assembly Election Results, Winner, Runner-Up & Vote Share – Oneindia |url=https://www.oneindia.com/ponneri-assembly-elections-tn-2/ |access-date=2026-05-05 |website=www.oneindia.com |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ravi, M.S.}}
[[Category:1959 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam politicians]]
[[Category:People from Chennai]]

INS Sujata

2026-05-06T11:53:59Z

AnnettaCastanon:

{{Short description|Navy Patrol Ship presently operating as Officers Training Ship}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}{{Use Indian English|date=May 2026}}
{{italic title|string=Sujata}}
{{Infobox ship
|section1={{Infobox ship/image
| image = INS Sujata (P56) of 1st Training squadron en-route to Sri Lanka.jpg
| image_caption = INS ''Sujata'' (P56) en-route to [[Sri Lanka]].
}}

|section2={{Infobox ship/career
| hide_header =
| country =
| flag = {{shipboxflag|India|naval}}
| name = INS ''Sujata''
| namesake =
| ordered =
| builder =
| laid_down =
| launched = 25 October 1991
| acquired =
| commissioned = 3 November 1993
| decommissioned =
| in_service =
| out_of_service =
| struck =
| reinstated =
| honours =
| fate =
| status = Active
| notes =
}}

|section3={{Infobox ship/characteristics
| hide_header =
| header_caption =
| class = [[Sukanya class patrol vessel]]<ref name="in-sukanya"/>
| type =
| tonnage =
| displacement = 1,890 tons (full load)<ref name="in-sukanya">{{cite web|url=http://indiannavy.nic.in/opv_sukanya.htm |title=Surface Ships --> Offshore Patrol Vessels --> Sukanya Class|accessdate=13 August 2009 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619084015/http://indiannavy.nic.in/opv_sukanya.htm |archivedate=19 June 2009 }}</ref>
| length = 101 metres
| beam = 11.5 metres
| height =
| draught =
| draft =
| depth =
| hold_depth =
| decks =
| deck_clearance =
| ramps =
| ice_class =
| power =
| propulsion = 2 × [[diesel engine]]s, {{convert|12800|bhp|kW|-1|abbr=on}}, 2 shafts
| sail_plan =
| speed = {{convert|21|kn|km/h|0}}
| range = {{convert|7000|nmi|km|-3}} at {{convert|15|kn|km/h|0}}
| endurance =
| test_depth =
| boats =
| capacity =
| troops =
| complement = 70
| crew =
| time_to_activate =
| sensors = *1 × Racal Decca 2459 search radar
*1 BEL 1245 navigation radar
| EW =
| armament = *1 × 40 mm, 60-cal [[Bofors]] [[anti-aircraft gun]]
*2 × 12.7 mm [[machine gun]]s
*''P51 added:'' 1 [[Dhanush (missile)|Dhanush ballistic missile]]
*''P55 added:'' 2 x 25 mm, 80-cal anti-aircraft guns
| armour =
| armor =
| aircraft = 1 [[HAL Chetak]]
| aircraft_facilities =
| notes =
}}
}}

'''INS ''Sujata'' (P56)''' is a [[Sukanya class patrol vessel]] of the [[Indian Navy]].<ref name="in-sukanya"/>

== Service history ==
=== 2025 Kerala oil spill ===
{{Main|2025 Kerala oil spill}}

INS ''Sujata'', [[Aadesh-class patrol vessel|ICGS Arnvesh]] and [[Samarth-class offshore patrol vessel|ICGS Saksham]] were instrumental in the rescue of 24 crew members and containment of an oil spill from the container vessel MSC Elsa 3 off the Coast of [[Kochi]]. Despite the crews best efforts, the ship capsized and sank into the Arabian sea on 25th May 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Service |first=Express News |date=2025-05-06 |title=Liberian ship sinks off Kerala coast; Navy rescues all 24 crew members |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2025/May/25/liberian-ship-sinks-off-kerala-coast-navy-rescues-all-24-crew-members |access-date=2025-05-26 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=All crew members rescued after Liberian ship capsizes off Kerala coast |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/kerala/all-crew-members-rescued-after-liberian-ship-capsizes-off-kerala-coast |website=The News Minute |access-date=26 May 2025 |language=en |date=25 May 2025}}</ref>

=== Long-range deployment in 2025 ===
{{Excerpt|1st Training Squadron|2025}}

=== Long-range deployment in 2026 ===
{{Excerpt|1st Training Squadron|2026}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Sukanya-class patrol vessel}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sujata (P56)}}
[[Category:Sukanya-class patrol boats]]
[[Category:1991 ships]]

{{India-mil-stub}}
{{mil-ship-stub}}

List of Hindi songs recorded by Arijit Singh

2026-05-05T19:00:45Z

AnnettaCastanon: added a biography.

{{Short description|Indian singer Hindi discography}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
{{Main|List of songs recorded by Arijit Singh}}
[[File:Arijit Singh performance at MMRDA ground Mumbai in 2018.jpg|thumb|Arijit Singh performing at MMRDA ground, [[Mumbai]] in 2018]]
Indian playback singer [[Arijit Singh]] has recorded a majority of his songs in [[Hindi]].
{{Excerpt|List of songs recorded by Arijit Singh|paragraphs=1-8|files=0|this=The following paragraphs are}}

==2007==
=== Non-film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
! scope="col" style="width:24%;" | TV Series/Album
!No.
! scope="col" style="width:23%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Note
|-
|''[[High School Musical 2]]'' (D)
|1
|"All for One (Aaja Nachle)"
|[[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
|[[Sameer (lyricist)|Sameer]]
|[[Tarannum Malik]], [[Earl D'Souza]], [[Raja Hasan]], [[Shilpa Rao]]
|Indian version
|}

== 2011 ==
=== Film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;" style="align:center;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Film
! scope="col" style="width:4%;" | No
! scope="col" style="width:14%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:2%;" | Ref.
! scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Note
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Murder 2]]''
| 1
| "Phir Mohabbat"
| [[Mithoon]]
| [[Sayeed Quadri]]
| [[Mohammed Irfan (singer)|Mohd. Irfan]], Saim Bhatt
|<ref name="Music Review: Murder 2">{{cite web |title=Music Review: Murder 2|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/music/music-review-murder-2-600354 |publisher=[[NDTV|NDTV Movies]] |date=2 June 2011 |access-date=26 December 2014}}</ref>
|
|}
=== Non-film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
! scope="col" style="width:24%;" | TV Series/Album
! No.
! scope="col" style="width:23%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Note
|-
|''A Foreign Affair''
|2
|"Khuda"
|[[Spyro Gyra]], [[Sandeep Chowta]]
|—
|[[Arijit Singh]]
|—
|-
| rowspan="2" |''Phoenyx: Phase 1''
|3
|"Ka Karoon Sajni (Dubstep)"
| rowspan="2" |[[Rajesh Roshan]] (Recreated by Phoenyx)
| rowspan="2" |[[Amit Khanna]]
|—
|—
|-
|4
|"Ka Karoon Sajni"
|—
|—
|}

== 2012 ==
=== Film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Film
! scope="col" style="width:4%;" | No
! scope="col" style="width:14%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:2%;" | Ref.
! scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Note
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Players (2012 soundtrack)|Players]]''
| 2
| "Jhoom Jhoom Ta Hun Main" (Film Version)
| rowspan="9" | [[Pritam Chakraborty]]
| Ashish Pandit
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref name="Music Review: Murder 2"/>
|
|-
! rowspan="4" scope="row" |''[[Agent Vinod (soundtrack)|Agent Vinod]]''
| 3
| "[[Raabta (song)|Raabta]]"
| rowspan="4"|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|rowspan="4"|<ref name=raabta>{{cite news|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/musiccriticreview/id/503036 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229044357/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/musiccriticreview/id/503036 |url-status=dead |archive-date=29 February 2012 |title=Agent Vinod Critic Music Review |work=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |author=Joginder Tuteja |date=28 February 2012 |access-date=2 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 4
| "[[Raabta (song)|Raabta]]" (Kehte Hain Khuda Ne)
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|
|-
| 5
| "[[Raabta (song)|Raabta]]" (Night In a Motel)
| [[Aditi Singh Sharma]]
|
|-
| 6
| "[[Raabta (song)|Raabta]]" (Siyaah Raatein)
| [[Hamsika Iyer]]
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Cocktail (soundtrack)|Cocktail]]''
| 7
| "Yaariyan" (Reprise Version)
| [[Irshad Kamil]]
| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/music-review-cocktail/article1-880214.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628212624/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Bollywood/Music-review-Cocktail/Article1-880214.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-date=28 June 2012 |title=Music review: Cocktail |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |author=Nirmika Singh |date=28 June 2012 |access-date=2 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |''[[Barfi! (soundtrack)|Barfi!]]''
| 8
| "[[Phir Le Aya Dil]]" (Reprise)
| [[Sayeed Quadri]]
| rowspan="2"|
|rowspan="3"|<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/music-review-barfi-music-is-simple-flawless/article1-920575.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120828145319/http://www.hindustantimes.com/Entertainment/Bollywood/Music-Review-Barfi-music-is-simple-flawless/Article1-920575.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-date=28 August 2012 |title=Music Review: Barfi {{!}} music is simple, flawless |newspaper=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref>
|
|-
| 9
| "Saawali Si Raat"
| [[Swanand Kirkire]]
|
|-
| 10
| "Fataafati"
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| [[Nakash Aziz]], [[Pritam Chakraborty]], [[Ranbir Kapoor]]
| Released separately as a promotional song
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Shanghai (2012 film)|Shanghai]]''
| 11
|"Duaa"
| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
| [[Kumaar]]
| [[Nandini Srikar]]
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[1920: Evil Returns]]''
| 12
| "Uska Hi Banana"
| [[Chirrantan Bhatt|Chirantan Bhatt]]
|[[Junaid Wasi]]
|
|
|
|}

=== Non-film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
! scope="col" style="width:24%;" | TV Series/Album
! No.
! scope="col" style="width:23%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Note
|-
|''[[Teri Meri Love Stories]]''
|5
|"Teri Bindiya Re (Remake)"
|[[S. D. Burman]] (Recreated by Pranay Rijiya)
|[[Majrooh Sultanpuri]]
|[[Namrata Vedi]]
|Originally performed by [[Mohammed Rafi]] and [[Lata Mangeshkar]] from the film ''[[Abhimaan (1973 film)|Abhimaan]]''
|-
|''[[Madhubala – Ek Ishq Ek Junoon]]''
|6
|"Hum Hai Deewane"
|[[Ashish Rego]]
|[[Vibha Tiwari]]
|[[Komal Rizvi]]
|TV series
|-
|''[[Na Bole Tum Na Maine Kuch Kaha]]''
|7
|"Tere Ishq Mein"
|—
|—
|—
|TV series
|}

== 2013 ==
===Film songs===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Film
! scope="col" style="width:4%;" | No
! scope="col" style="width:14%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:2%;" | Ref.
! scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Note
|-
! scope="row" |''[[3G (film)|3G]]''
| 13
| "Khalbali"
| [[Mithoon]]
| [[Shellee]]
| [[Shilpa Rao]], [[Tochi Raina]]
|
|
|-
! rowspan="6" scope="row" |''[[Aashiqui 2 (soundtrack)|Aashiqui 2]]''
| 14
| "[[Tum Hi Ho]]"
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | [[Mithoon]]
|
| rowspan="6" |<ref>{{cite web|author=Indo-Asian News Service|date=3 April 2013|title=Bhatts, Bhushan Kumar get emotional at 'Aashiqui 2' music launch|url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/music/bhatts-bhushan-kumar-get-emotional-at-aashiqui-2-music-launch_131669.htm|accessdate=21 May 2013|website=|publisher=Zee News}}</ref>
|
|-
| 15
| "[[Tum Hi Ho#Meri Aashiqui|Meri Aashiqui]]"
| rowspan="2"| [[Palak Muchhal]]
|
|-
| 16
| "Chahun Main Ya Naa"
| rowspan="4"| [[Jeet Gannguli]]
| rowspan="4"| [[Irshad Kamil]]
|
|-
| 17
| "Hum Mar Jayenge"
| [[Tulsi Kumar]]
|
|-
| 18
| "Milne Hai Mujhse Aayi"
| rowspan="2"|
|
|-
| 19
|"Aasan Nahin Yahan"
|
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |''[[Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani (soundtrack)|Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani]]''
| 20
| "[[Dilliwaali Girlfriend]]"
|rowspan="3"| [[Pritam Chakraborty]]
| [[Kumaar]]
| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
| rowspan="3"|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
| 21
| "[[Kabira (song)|Kabira]]" (Encore Version)
|rowspan="3"|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| [[Harshdeep Kaur]]
|
|-
| 22
| "[[Ilahi]]"
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Chennai Express (soundtrack)|Chennai Express]]''
| 23
| "Kashmir Main Tu Kanyakumari"
| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]], [[Neeti Mohan]]
|<ref name="Kashmir Main Tu Kanyakumari">{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/new-releases/Chennai-Express-Kashmir-Main-Tu-Kanyakumari/videoshow/21067424.cms |title=Chennai Express: Kashmir Main Tu Kanyakumari |newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=14 July 2013 |access-date=31 December 2014}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Phata Poster Nikhla Hero]]''
| 24
| "[[Main Rang Sharbaton Ka]]" (Reprise Version)
| [[Pritam Chakraborty]]
| [[Irshad Kamil]]
| [[Chinmayi Sripada|Chinmayi]]
|<ref name="Main Rang Sharbaton Ka">{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/review-phata-poster-nikhla-hero-music-is-entertaining/20130907.htm |title=Review: Phata Poster Nikhla Hero music is entertaining |work=[[Rediff.com]] |author=Joginder Tuteja |date=7 September 2013 |access-date=2 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Boss (2013 soundtrack)|Boss]]''
| 25
| "[[Har Kisi Ko]]" (Duet Version)
| [[Chirantan Bhatt]] (Original by [[Kalyanji–Anandji]])
| Manoj Yadav
| [[Neeti Mohan]]
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Shahid (film)|Shahid]]''
| 26
| "Beparwah"
| Faizan Hussain & Agnel Roman
| [[Shellee]]
| rowspan="6"|
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Shahid: Beparwah – Video |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/new-releases/Shahid-Beparwah/videoshow/24528689.cms|newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=22 October 2013 |access-date=26 December 2014}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Mickey Virus]]''
| 27
| "Tose Naina"
| colspan="2" rowspan= | Hanif Shaikh
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/home-right/story/mickey-virus-music-review-213744-2013-10-08 |title=Music review: Mickey Virus |work=[[India Today]] |date=9 October 2013 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''Ishk Actually''
| 28
| "Aye Dil Bata"
| Chirantan Bhatt
| Manoj Yadav
|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/musiccriticreview/id/550429 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022064357/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/musiccriticreview/id/550429 |url-status=dead |archive-date=22 October 2013 |title=Ishk Actually (2013) Music Review |work=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |author=Rajiv Vijayakar |date=18 October 2013 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela (soundtrack)|Goliyon Ki Raasleela: Ram-Leela]]''
| 29
| "[[Laal Ishq (song)|Laal Ishq]]"
| [[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]]
| [[Siddharth-Garima]]
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Club 60]]''
| 30
| "Pal Pal"
|rowspan="2"| Pranit Gedham
|rowspan="2"| Sanjay Tripathy
|rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/musicreview/id/687029 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131115085839/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/musicreview/id/687029 |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 November 2013 |title=Club 60 (2013) Critic Music Review |work=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |author=Rajiv Vijayakar |date=28 November 2013 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 31
| "Pal Pal" (Sad Version)
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[R... Rajkumar]]''
| 32
| "Dhokha Dhadi"
| [[Pritam Chakraborty]]
| [[Neelesh Misra]]
| [[Palak Muchhal]]
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |''[[Jackpot (2013 film)|Jackpot]]''
| 33
| "[[Kabhi Jo Baadal Barse]]" (Male Version)
|rowspan="3"|[[Sharib Sabri|Sharib]]–[[Toshi Sabri|Toshi]]
|rowspan="3"| Turaz–Azeem Shirazi
|rowspan="3"|
|rowspan="3"|<ref name="Kabhi Jo Baadal Barse">{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/review-jackpot-music-is-a-mixed-bag-of-goodies/20131123.htm |title=Review: Jackpot music is a mixed bag of goodies |work=[[Rediff.com]] |author=Joginder Tuteja |date=23 November 2013 |access-date=2 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 34
| "[[Kabhi Jo Baadal Barse]]" (Remix)
| Remix by [[Rishi Rich]]
|-
| 35
| "[[Kabhi Jo Baadal Barse]]" (Remix)
| Remix by [[Maxi Priest]]
|}

== 2014 ==
=== Film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Film
! scope="col" style="width:4%;" | No
! scope="col" style="width:14%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:2%;" | Ref.
! scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Note....
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Yaariyan (2014 film)|Yaariyan]]''
| 36
| "Love Me Thoda Aur"
| [[Pritam|Pritam Chakarborty]]
| [[Irshad Kamil]]
| [[Monali Thakur]], [[Nikhil D'Souza]]
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Karle Pyaar Karle]]''
| 37
| "Teri Saanson Mein"
| [[Rashid Khan (musician)|Rashid Khan]]
| Rashid Khan
|[[Palak Muchhal]], [[Amit Mishra (singer)|Amit Mishra]]
| rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/music-reviews/Music-review-Karle-Pyaar-Karle/articleshow/28938981.cms |title=Music review: Karle Pyaar Karle |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=Bryan Durham |date=17 January 2014 |access-date=28 December 2014}}</ref>
|
|-
| 38
| "Tanhaai"
| Mehmood Arafat and Rashid Khan
| Rayyan Ameen
| Sahil Rayyan, Amnah Noor
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[One by Two (2014 film)|One by Two]]''
|
39
| "Khuda Na Khasta"
|[[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|
|<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/music-reviews/One-By-Two/articleshow/29613706.cms |title=Music review: One By Two |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=Bryan Durham |date=30 January 2014 |access-date=28 December 2014}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Heartless (2014 film)|Heartless]]''
| 40
| "Main Dhoondne Ko"
|rowspan="2"|[[Gaurav Dagaonkar]]
|rowspan="2"|Arafat Mahmood
|rowspan="3"|
|rowspan="2"|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
| 41
| "Main Dhoondne Ko" (Reprise Version)
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Gunday]]''
| 42
| "Jiya"
| [[Sohail Sen]]
| Irshad Kamil
|<ref>{{cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/priyanka-ranveer-heat-things-up-with-their-new-song-jiya-for-gunday/ |title=Priyanka, Ranveer heat things up with their new song 'Jiya' for 'Gunday'|work=[[The Indian Express]] |author=Sunitra Pacheco |date=16 January 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Shaadi Ke Side Effects]]''
| 43
| "Desi Romance"
| Pritam Chakraborty
| [[Swanand Kirkire]]
| Suchi
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Queen (2014 film)|Queen]]''
| 44
| "Hungama Ho Gaya"
| [[Laxmikant–Pyarelal]] (Remixed by Amit Trivedi)
| [[Verma Malik]]
| [[Asha Bhosle]]
|rowspan="2"|<ref name="Hungama Ho Gaya">{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/events/mumbai/Queen-creates-hungama-in-Amsterdam/articleshow/31172473.cms |title=Queen creates hungama in Amsterdam |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=Sunayana Suresh |date=1 March 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 45
| "Taake Jhanke"
| [[Amit Trivedi]]
| Anvita Dutt
|rowspan="2"|
|
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |''[[Dishkiyaoon]]''
| 46
| "Tu Hi Hai Aashiqui" (Solo Version)
|rowspan="3"| Palash Muchhal
|rowspan="3"|Sanamjit Talwar
|rowspan="3"|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
| 47
| "Tu Hi Hai Aashiqui" (Duet Version)
| Palak Muchhal
|
|-
| 48
| "Tu Hi Hai Aashiqui" (Remix Version)
|Altamash Faridi
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Youngistaan]]''
| 49
| "[[Suno Na Sangemarmar]]"
|rowspan="2"|[[Jeet Gannguli]]
|rowspan="4"|[[Kausar Munir]]
|rowspan="4"|
|rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/review-youngistaan-has-good-party-music/20140301.htm |title=Review: Youngistaan has good party music |work=[[Rediff.com]] |author=Joginder Tuteja |date=1 March 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 50
| "[[Suno Na Sangemarmar]]" (Remix Version)
|
|-
! rowspan="4" scope="row" |''[[Main Tera Hero (soundtrack)|Main Tera Hero]]''
| 51
| "[[Palat – Tera Hero Idhar Hai]]"
|rowspan="4"|[[Sajid–Wajid]]
|rowspan="4"|<ref name=MTH>{{cite web|url=http://www.filmfare.com/reviews/music-review-main-tera-hero-5686.html |title=Music Review: Main Tera Hero |work=[[Filmfare]] |author=Devesh Sharma |date=25 March 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 52
| "[[Palat – Tera Hero Idhar Hai]]" (Remix Version)
|
|-
| 53
| "Shanivaar Raati"
|rowspan="2"| [[Kumaar]]
|rowspan="2"| [[Shalmali Kholgade]]
|
|-
| 54
| "Shanivaar Raati" (Remix Version)
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[2 States (soundtrack)|2 States]]''
| 55
| "[[Mast Magan]]"
| Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy
| Amitabh Bhattacharya
|rowspan="2"| [[ Chinmayi Sripada]]
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Samrat & Co]]''
| 56
| "Shukr Tera"
|colspan="2"| [[Mithoon]]
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Heropanti]]''
| 57
| "[[Raat Bhar]]"
| Sajid–Wajid
| Kausar Munir
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref name="Raat Bhar">{{cite news |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/watch-raat-bhar-from-tiger-shroffs-heropanti/ |title='Raat Bhar' from Tiger Shroff's 'Heropanti' |work=[[The Indian Express]] |author=Sarika Sharma |date=18 April 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Kochadaiiyaan (soundtrack)|Kochadaiiyaan]]''
| 58
| "Dil Chaspiya"
| [[A. R. Rahman]]
| Irshad Kamil
| [[Jonita Gandhi]]
|<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/140522/entertainment-tollywood/article/kocha |title=Rajinikanth and Deepika romance each other in Dil Chaspiya |work=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |date=21 May 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
| Dubbed
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |''[[CityLights (2014 film)|CityLights]]''
| 59
| "[[Muskurane]]" (Romantic Version)
|rowspan="3"| Jeet Gannguli
|rowspan="3"| [[Rashmi Virag|Rashmi Singh]]
|rowspan="5"|
|rowspan="3"|<ref>{{cite news |author=Priya Adivarekar |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/screen/citylights-music-review-hear-it-for-muskarane-at-least/ | title=CityLights music review: Hear it for 'Muskarane' at least |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=30 May 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 60
| "Soney Do"
|
|-
| 61
| "Ek Charraiya"
|
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |''[[Holiday: A Soldier Is Never Off Duty]]''
| 62
| "Shaayraana"
|rowspan="3"| Pritam Chakraborty
|rowspan="3"| Irshad Kamil
|rowspan="3"|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
| 63
| "Ashq Na Ho"
|
|-
| 64
| "Blame The Night"
| [[Aditi Singh Sharma]], Piyush Kapoor
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Fugly (film)|Fugly]]''
| 65
| "Dhuaan"
| Prashant Vadhyar
| Arshia Nahid
| [[Pawni Pandey]]
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Ek Villain]]''
| 66
| "Humdard"
|colspan="2"| Mithoon
|
|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/review/review-ek-villain-music-is-magical/20140608.htm |title=Review: Ek Villain music is magical |work=[[Rediff.com]] |author=Joginder Tuteja |date=8 June 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Humpty Sharma Ki Dulhania]]''
| 67
| "[[Samjhawan]]"
| [[Jawad Ahmad]] (Recreated by [[Sharib Sabri|Sharib]]−[[Toshi Sabri|Toshi]])
| Ahmad Anees (Additional lyrics by [[Kumaar]])
| Shreya Ghoshal
|<ref name="Samjhawan">{{cite news |url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/bollywood/watch-the-soulful-samjhawan-from-humpty-sharma-ki-dulhania_156560.html |title=The soulful 'Samjhawan' from 'Humpty Sharma Ki Dulhania' |work=[[Zee News]] |author=Aparna Mudi |date=12 June 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="4" scope="row" |''[[Hate Story 2]]''
| 68
| "Aaj Phir"
|rowspan="2"| Laxmikant-Pyarelal (Recreated by [[Arko Pravo Mukherjee]])
|rowspan="2"| Aziz Qaisi & [[Arko Pravo Mukherjee]]
|rowspan="2"| Samira Koppikar
|rowspan="4"|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
| 69
| "Aaj Phir" (Remix Version)
|
|-
| 70
| "Hai Dil Ye Mera"
|colspan="2" rowspan="2"| Mithoon
|rowspan="7"|
|
|-
| 71
| "Hai Dil Ye Mera" (Remix Version)
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Singham Returns]]''
| 72
| "Sun Le Zara"
| Jeet Gannguli
| [[Sandeep Nath]]
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Raja Natwarlal]]''
| 73
| "Tere Hoke Rahenge"
| rowspan="2" | [[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
| rowspan="2" | Irshad Kamil
|<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/I-have-sung-the-soul-version-of-Tere-Hoke-Rahenge-Shweta-Pandit/articleshow/43221059.cms |title=I have sung the 'soul version' of Tere Hoke Rahenge: Shweta Pandit |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=Debarati S Sen |date=23 September 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 74
| "Tere Hoke Rahenge (DJ Notorious Club Mix)"
|<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/I-have-sung-the-soul-version-of-Tere-Hoke-Rahenge-Shweta-Pandit/articleshow/43221059.cms |title=I have sung the 'soul version' of Tere Hoke Rahenge: Shweta Pandit |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=Debarati S Sen |date=23 September 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Mary Kom (film)|Mary Kom]]''
| 75
| "Sukoon Mila"
|rowspan="2"| Shivam Pathak
| Sandeep Singh
|rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/review/review-mary-kom-music-is-motivational/20140824.htm |title=Review: Mary Kom music is motivational |work=[[Rediff.com]] |author=Joginder Tuteja |date=24 August 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 76
| "Saudebaazi"
| Prashant Ingole
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Creature 3D]]''
| 77
| "[[Sawan Aaya Hai]]"
|colspan="2" rowspan="2"| [[Tony Kakkar]]
|
|rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Tony-Kakkars-happy-that-his-Sawan-Aaya-Hai-is-a-chartbuster/articleshow/45523636.cms |title=Tony Kakkar's happy that his Sawan Aaya Hai is a chartbuster |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=Parag Maniar|date=15 December 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 78
| "Mohabbat Barsa De"
| [[Arjun (singer)|Arjun]], [[Samira Koppikar]]
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Haider (film)|Haider]]''
| 79
| "Khul Kabhi Toh"
|rowspan="2"| [[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
| [[Gulzar]]
|rowspan="2"|
|rowspan="2"|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
| 80
| "Gulon Mein Rang Bhare"
| [[Faiz Ahmed Faiz]]
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Happy New Year (2014 film)|Happy New Year]]''
| 81
| "[[Manwa Laage]]"
| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
| Irshad Kamil
| Shreya Ghoshal
|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/videos/shah-rukh-khan-deepikas-manwa-laage-in-happy-new-year-337545 |title=Shah Rukh Khan, Deepika's Manwa Laage in Happy New Year |work=[[NDTV]] |date=10 September 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Kill Dil]]''
| 82
| "Sajde"
| Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy
| Gulzar
| Nihira Joshi
|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-watch-ranveer-singh-parineeti-chopra-s-electrifying-chemistry-in-kill-dil-s-sajde-number-2028433 |title=Watch Ranveer Singh-Parineeti Chopra's electrifying chemistry in 'Kill Dil's 'Sajde' number |work=[[Daily News and Analysis]] |date=22 October 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Happy Ending (2014 film)|Happy Ending]]''
| 83
| "Jaise Mera Tu"
| [[Sachin–Jigar]]
| colspan="2"| Priya Saraiya
|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/bollywood/sai-ileana-arijit-happy-ending-jaise-mera-tu-song-review--18032.html |title=Happy Ending 'Jaise Mera Tu' song review: Saif-Ileana's lovely chemistry drawn by Arijit Singh |work=[[India TV]] |author=Vineeta Kumar |date=30 October 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015 |archive-date=1 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141101002430/http://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/bollywood/sai-ileana-arijit-happy-ending-jaise-mera-tu-song-review--18032.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Titoo MBA]]''
| 84
| "O Soniye"
| rowspan="2"| [[Arjuna Harjai]]
| Surabhi Dashputra
| [[Vibha Saraf]]
|rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Arjuna-Harjai-hopes-to-hit-the-right-chord-with-his-music/articleshow/45166965.cms |title=Arjuna Harjai hopes to hit the right chord with his music |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=Eepsita Guha |date=17 November 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 85
| "Kyu Hua"
| [[Kumaar]]
| rowspan="4"|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''Hum Hai Teen Khurafaati''
| 86
| "Dil Jugaadu"
| Kashi-Richard
| Shweta Raaj
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Hum Hai Teen Khurafaati (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) – EP |url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/hum-hai-teen-khurafaati-original/id942941512 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150127181953/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/hum-hai-teen-khurafaati-original/id942941512 |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 January 2015 |publisher=[[iTunes]] |work=Kashi Richard|date=11 November 2014 |access-date=26 December 2014}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Zid (2014 film)|Zid]]''
| 87
| "Saanson Ko"
| rowspan="2"| [[Sharib Sabri|Sharib]]–[[Toshi Sabri|Toshi]]
| rowspan="2"| Shakeel Azmi
| rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/music-reviews/Zid/articleshow/45219143.cms |title=Music Review: Zid |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=Kasmin Fernandes |date=21 November 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 88
| "Mareez-E-Ishq"
|
|}

=== Non-film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
! scope="col" style="width:24%;" | TV Series/Album
! No.
! scope="col" style="width:23%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Note
|-
|''Kuchh Dil Ne Kaha''
|8
|"Rishton Ke Manzar"
|[[Anup Jalota]]
|[[Harsh Brahmbhatt]]
|—
|—
|-
|''My Name Is Ranveer Ching''
|9
|"My Name Is Ranveer Ching"
|[[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
|[[Gulzar]]
|[[Ranveer Singh]]
|Advertisement
|}

== 2015 ==
=== Film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Film
! scope="col" style="width:4%;" | No
! scope="col" style="width:14%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:2%;" | Ref.
! scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Note
|-
! scope="row" |''[[I (2015 film)|I]]''
| 89
| "[[Pookkalae Sattru Oyivedungal|Tu Chale]]"
| [[A. R. Rahman]]
| [[Irshad Kamil]]
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web |title=I (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/i-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/917639889 |publisher=[[iTunes]] |work=A. R. Rahman |date=29 December 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|Dubbed
|-
! rowspan="5" scope="row" |''[[Khamoshiyan]]''
| 90
| "Khamoshiyan"
| rowspan="3"| [[Jeet Gannguli]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Rashmi Virag|Rashmi Singh]]
| rowspan="5"|
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="5"|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
| 91
| "Khamoshiyan" (Unplugged Version)
|
|-
| 92
| "[[Baatein Ye Kabhi Na]]" (Male Version)
| rowspan="3"| [[Sayeed Quadri]]
|
|-
| 93
| "Tu Har Lamha"
| rowspan="2"| Bobby–Imran
|
|-
| 94
| "Tu Har Lamha" (Remix by DJ Angel)
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Roy (2015 film)|Roy]]''
| 95
| "Sooraj Dooba Hain"
| rowspan="2"| [[Amaal Mallik]]
| rowspan="2"| Kumaar
| rowspan="2"| [[Aditi Singh Sharma]], [[Armaan Malik]]
| rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web |title=Peppy dance number 'Sooraj Dooba' from 'Roy'! |url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/music/watch-peppy-dance-number-sooraj-dooba-from-roy_1517446.html |work=[[Zee News]] |author=Aparna Mudi |date=19 December 2014 |access-date=3 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 96
| "Sooraj Dooba Hain (Version 2)"
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Badlapur (film)|Badlapur]]''
| 97
| "[[Judaai (song)|Judaai]]"
| [[Sachin–Jigar]]
| [[Dinesh Vijan]], [[Priya Saraiya]]
|[[Rekha Bhardwaj]], [[Sachin–Jigar]]
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web |title=Badlapur's next song Judaai brings together Arijit Singh & Rekha Bhardwaj for the first time |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Badlapurs-next-song-Judaai-brings-together-Arijit-Singh-Rekha-Bhardwaj-for-the-first-time/articleshow/45975819.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=Mohar Basu |date=22 January 2015 |access-date=23 January 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[NH10 (film)|NH10]]''
| 98
| "Le Chal Mujhe" (Reprise version)
| Bann Chakraborty, Abhiruchi Chand
| Bann Chakraborty
|
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web |title=Music Review: NH10 |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/music-reviews/Music-Review-NH10/articleshow/46394364.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=Kasmin Fernandes |date=27 February 2015 |access-date=27 February 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Hunterrr]]''
| 99
| "Chori Chori"
| colspan="2"| Khamosh Shah
| [[Sona Mohapatra]]
| style="text-align:center;"|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Dilliwali Zaalim Girlfriend]]''
| 100
| "Janib" (Duet Version)
| Jatinder Shah
| rowspan="3" | [[Kumaar]]
| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web |title=Music Review: Dilliwaali Zaalim Girlfriend |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/music-reviews/Music-Review-Dilliwaali-Zaalim-Girlfriend/articleshow/46622076.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=Kasmin Fernandes |date=20 March 2015|access-date=26 March 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"|''[[Ek Paheli Leela]]''
| 101
| "Deewana Tera"
| rowspan="2"|[[Meet Bros]]
| rowspan="2"|
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web |title=Sonu Nigam's 90's hit track adapted for Sunny Leone's film |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Sonu-Nigams-90s-hit-track-adapted-for-Sunny-Leones-film/articleshow/46397036.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=Mohar Basu |date=28 February 2015 |access-date=10 March 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 102
| "Main Hoon Deewana Tera – Remix"
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Mr. X (2015 film)|Mr. X]]''
| 103
| "Teri Khushboo" (Male Version)
| Jeet Gannguli
| [[Rashmi Virag|Rashmi Singh]]
|
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web |title='Mr. X' Music Review: The effect the music leaves behind is at best parodic if not clumsy |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/play/beat-box-mr-x/ |work=[[The Indian Express]] |author=Suanshu Khurana |date=17 April 2015 |access-date=20 April 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Gabbar is Back]]''
| 104
| "Teri Meri Kahaani"
| [[Chirantan Bhatt]]
| Manoj Yadav
| [[Palak Muchhal]]
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web |title=Gabbar Is Back: Akshay and Kareena romance in Teri Meri Kahaani |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/teri-meri-kahaani-song-from-gabbar-is-back-featuring-akshay-kumar-and-kareena-kapoor-khan-246930-2015-04-02 |work=[[India Today]] |date=2 April 2015 |access-date=20 April 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Ishqedarriyaan]]''
| 105
| "Judaa"
| [[Jaidev Kumar]]
| Kumaar
| rowspan="3"|
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web |title='Ishqedarriyaan' music hits the right note |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Ishqedarriyaan-music-hits-the-right-note/articleshow/47250256.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=Seema Sinha |date=13 May 2015 |access-date=7 June 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Hamari Adhuri Kahani]]''
| 106
| "Hamari Adhuri Kahani"
| Jeet Gannguli
| Rashmi Virag
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite news |title=Music is soul of 'Hamari Adhuri Kahani': Mohit Suri |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/music-is-soul-of-hamari-adhuri-kahani-mohit-suri-115050800506_1.html |work=[[Business Standard]] |date=8 May 2015 |access-date=7 June 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[ABCD 2]]''
| 107
| "Chunar"
| Sachin–Jigar
| [[Mayur Puri]]
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web |title=Tandav dance song in ABCD 2 is an extremely emotional song: Varun Dhawan |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Tandav-dance-song-in-ABCD-2-is-an-extremely-emotional-song-Varun-Dhawan/articleshow/47326233.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=Mohar Basu |date=18 May 2015 |access-date=7 June 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Guddu Rangeela]]''
| 108
| "Sooiyan"
| [[Amit Trivedi]]
| [[Irshad Kamil]]
| [[Chinmayi Sripada]]
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web |title=Arijit Singh sings a romantic number for 'Guddu Rangeela' |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Arijit-Singh-sings-a-romantic-number-for-Guddu-Rangeela/articleshow/47395119.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=Mohar Basu |date=23 May 2015 |access-date=7 June 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Drishyam (2015 film)|Drishyam]]''
| 109
| "Kya Pataa"
| [[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
| [[Gulzar]]
| rowspan="5"|
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite news |title=Hitman – Top Five Songs of the Week |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/top-five-songs-of-the-week/article7544319.ece |work=[[The Hindu]] |author=Karthik Srinivasan |date=15 August 2015 |access-date=22 August 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[All Is Well (2015 film)|All Is Well]]''
| 110
| "Baaton Ko Teri"
| [[Himesh Reshammiya]]
| [[Shabbir Ahmed (lyricist)|Shabbir Ahmed]]
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web |title=Abhishek Bachchan thanks Himesh Reshammiya, Arijit Singh for 'Baaton ko teri' |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Abhishek-Bachchan-thanks-Himesh-Reshammiya-Arijit-Singh-for-Baaton-ko-teri/articleshow/48003121.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=9 July 2015 |access-date=22 August 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Phantom (2015 film)|Phantom]]''
| 111
| "Saware"
| [[Pritam Chakraborty]]
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web |title=Music Review: Phantom |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Entertainment/Hindi/Music/Music-Reviews/Music-Review-Phantom/articleshow/48557341.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |author=Kasmin Fernandes |date=21 August 2015 |access-date=22 August 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Calendar Girls (2015 film)|Calendar Girls]]''
| 112
| "Khwaishein"
| [[Amaal Mallik]]
| Kumaar
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web |title=Khwahishein: Watch ambitions fall apart for the Calendar Girls |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/khwahishein-watch-ambitions-fall-apart-for-calendar-girls-261492-2015-09-06 |work=[[India Today]] |date=6 September 2015 |access-date=20 September 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Talvar (film)|Talvar]]''
| 113
| "Shaam Ke Saaye"
| Vishal Bhardwaj
| Gulzar
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/music-reviews/Talvar/articleshow/49184688.cms |title=Talvar Music Review |work=The Times of India |author=Basu, Mohar |date=2 October 2015 |access-date=20 December 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Singh Is Bliing]]''
| 114
| "Aaja Mahi" (Unplugged Version)
| colspan="3" | [[Manj Musik]]
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/reviews/Singh-Is-Bliing-Music-Review-A-Barely-Creative-Not-at-All-Novel-Score/2015/09/29/article3053450.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121173435/http://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/reviews/Singh-Is-Bliing-Music-Review-A-Barely-Creative-Not-at-All-Novel-Score/2015/09/29/article3053450.ece |url-status=dead |archive-date=21 November 2015 |title='Singh Is Bliing' Music Review: A Barely Creative, Not at All Novel Score |work=The New Indian Express |author=Vijayakar, R.M. |date=29 September 2015 |access-date=20 December 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Wedding Pullav]]''
| 115
| "The Wedding Pullav"
| rowspan="2"| [[Salim–Sulaiman]]
| rowspan="2"| Irfan Siddiqui
| Salim Merchant
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/bollywood/wedding-pullav-music-review-neither-appetizing-nor-nutritious/article_8b7bbf1a-736a-11e5-ac8d-db6938874c5d.html |title='Wedding Pullav' Music Review: Neither Appetizing nor Nutritious |work=India West |author=Vijayakar, R.M. |date=15 October 2015 |access-date=20 December 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 116
| "Oh Jaaniya" (Version 2)
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Shaandaar (2015 film)|Shaandaar]]''
| 117
| "Senti Wali Mental"
| [[Amit Trivedi]]
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| [[Neeti Mohan]], [[Swanand Kirkire]], Amit Trivedi
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/bollywood/shaandaar-music-review-trivedi-shows-mastery-at-acoustics-with-title/article_e4197432-6b8b-11e5-ac5b-83e012aa861e.html |title='Shaandaar' Music Review: Trivedi Shows Mastery at Acoustics with Title Track |work=India West |author=Vijayakar, R.M. |date=5 October 2015 |access-date=20 December 2015 |archive-date=10 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151010004223/http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/bollywood/shaandaar-music-review-trivedi-shows-mastery-at-acoustics-with-title/article_e4197432-6b8b-11e5-ac5b-83e012aa861e.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |''[[Tamasha (2015 film)|Tamasha]]''
| 118
| "Agar Tum Saath Ho"
| rowspan="3"| A. R. Rahman
| rowspan="3"| [[Irshad Kamil]]
| [[Alka Yagnik]]
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="3"|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/bollywood/tamasha-music-review-digestible-only-for-hardcore-a-r-rahman/article_15645b4c-768b-11e5-a694-7f5c3d316a2b.html |title='Tamasha' Music Review: Digestible Only for Hardcore A.R. Rahman Fans |work=India West |author=Bureau, FPJ |date=19 October 2015 |access-date=20 December 2015 |archive-date=23 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151223042250/http://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/bollywood/tamasha-music-review-digestible-only-for-hardcore-a-r-rahman/article_15645b4c-768b-11e5-a694-7f5c3d316a2b.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|
|-
| 119
| "Wat Wat Wat"
| rowspan="2"| Sashwat Singh
|
|-
| 120
| "Wat Wat" (Vengeance Mix)
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Bajirao Mastani (film)|Bajirao Mastani]]''
| 121
| "[[Aayat (song)|Aayat]]"
| [[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]]
| [[A. M. Turaz]], Nasir Faraaz
| Altamash Faridi, Mujtaba Aziz Naza, [[Shadab Faridi]], Farhan Sabri
| style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/bajirao-mastani-watch-ranveer-singh-deepika-padukones-love-saga-in-aayat-sanjay-leela-bhansali-277538-2015-12-16|title=Bajirao Mastani: Watch Ranveer-Deepika's love saga in Aayat |work=India Today |date=16 December 2015 |access-date=20 December 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="6" scope="row" |''[[Dilwale (2015 film)|Dilwale]]''
| 122
| "[[Gerua]]"
| rowspan="6"| Pritam Chakraborty
| rowspan="6"| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Antara Mitra]]
| style="text-align:center;" rowspan="6"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Music-Review-Dilwale/articleshow/50122872.cms |title=Music Review: Dilwale |work=The Times of India |author=Fernandes, Kasmin |date=11 December 2015 |access-date=20 December 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 123
| "Janam Janam"
|
|-
| 124
| "Daayre"
|
|
|-
| 125
| "Tukur Tukur"
| [[Kanika Kapoor]], [[Neha Kakkar]], [[Siddharth Mahadevan]], [[Nakash Aziz]]
|
|-
| 126
| "Theme of Dilwale" (DJ Chetas Mix)
|
|
|}
=== Non-film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
! scope="col" style="width:24%;" | TV Series/Album
! No.
! scope="col" style="width:23%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Note
|-
|''Chal Wahan Jaate Hain''
|10
|"Chal Wahan Jaate Hain"
|[[Amaal Mallik]]
|[[Rashmi Virag]]
|—
|—
|-
|''[[Power Couple (Indian TV series)|Power Couple]]''
|11
|"Pehli Jhalak"
|[[Sachin–Jigar]]
|[[Mayur Puri]]
|[[Shalmali Kholgade]]
|TV series
|-
|''[[Hyundai Elite i20]]''
|12
|"Drive Mein Junoon"
|[[Clinton Cerejo]]
|Nirmika Singh
|[[Clinton Cerejo]]
|Advertisement
|}

== 2016 ==
=== Film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;" style="align:center;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Film
! scope="col" style="width:4%;" | No
! scope="col" style="width:14%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:2%;" | Ref.
! scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Note
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |''[[Airlift (film)|Airlift]]''
| 127
| rowspan="2" |Soch Na Sake
| [[Amaal Mallik]]
| [[Kumaar]]
| [[Tulsi Kumar]]
| rowspan="3" |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/musiccriticreview/id/749492|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151230213814/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/moviemicro/musiccriticreview/id/749492|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 December 2015|title=Airlift Music Review|work=Bollywood hungama|date=26 December 2015 |access-date=27 December 2015}}</ref>
|
|-
| 128
| [[Amaal Mallik]]
| [[Kumaar]]
|
|
|-
| 129
| Dil Cheez Tujhe Dedi
| [[Ankit Tiwari]]
| [[Kumaar]]
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Ghayal Once Again]]''
| 130
| "Khuda Hai Tere Andar"
| [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| rowspan="6" |
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/khuda-hai-tere-andar-from/1077716658|title=Get millions of songs. All ad-free.|website=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Sanam Teri Kasam (2016 film)|Sanam Teri Kasam]]''
| 131
| "Tera Chehra Jab Nazar Aye"
| rowspan="2" | [[Himesh Reshammiya]]
| [[Shabbir Ahmed (lyricist)|Shabbir Ahmed]]
| rowspan="2"|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
| 132
| "Main Teri Yaadon Mein"
| Subrat Sinha
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Fitoor]]''
| 133
| "Yeh Fitoor Mera"
| [[Amit Trivedi]]
| [[Swanand Kirkire]]
|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/movies/fitoor-title-song-yeh-fitoor-mera-in-arijit-singhs-voice-is-mesmerizing-1186425.html|title=News18.com: CNN-News18 Breaking News India, Latest News, Current News Headlines|website=News18|access-date=16 January 2018|archive-date=20 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160320113511/http://www.ibnlive.com/news/movies/fitoor-title-song-yeh-fitoor-mera-in-arijit-singhs-voice-is-mesmerizing-1186425.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Sanam Re]]''
| 134
| "[[Sanam Re (song)|Sanam Re]]"
| colspan="2" | [[Mithoon]]
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/sanam-re-original-motion-picture/id1071790081 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306043846/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/sanam-re-original-motion-picture/id1071790081 |url-status=dead |archive-date=6 March 2016 |title=Sanam Re (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |work=iTunes |date=4 January 2016 |access-date=5 January 2016}}</ref>
|
|-
| 135
| "Gazab Ka Hai Ye Din"
| [[Amaal Mallik]]
| Manoj Muntashir
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Bollywood Diaries]]''
| 136
| "Manwa Behrupiya"
| [[Vipin Patwa]]
| Dr. Sagar
| [[Vipin Patwa]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/manwa-behrupiya-from-bollywood/1081740019|title=Get millions of songs. All ad-free.|website=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Love Shagun]]''
| 137
| "Hairaani"
| Rishi Siddharth
| Siddharth Amit Bhavsar
| Sakina Khan
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/hairaani-from-love-shagun/1077775484|title=Get millions of songs. All ad-free.|website=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="1" scope="row" |''[[Jai Gangaajal]]''
| 138
| "Sab Dhan Maati" (Radio Mix)
| rowspan="1" |[[Salim–Sulaiman]]
| rowspan="1" | Manoj Muntashir
| rowspan="1" |
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Teraa Surroor]]''
| 139
| "Wafa Ne Bewafai"
| Himesh Reshammiya
| [[Sameer Anjaan|Sameer]]
| [[Neeti Mohan]], [[Suzanne D'Mello]]
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Kapoor & Sons]]''
| 140
| "[[Bolna (song)|Bolna]]"
| Tanishk Bagchi
| Dr. Devender Kafir
| [[Asees Kaur]]
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Baaghi (2016 film)|Baaghi]]''
| 141
| "Girl I Need You"
| [[Meet Bros]]
| [[Kumaar]]
| [[Meet Bros]], Roach Killa, [[Khushboo Grewal]]
|<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.media247.co.uk/showbiz/music-review-baaghi-2016 |title=BizAsia Music Review: 'Baaghi' | BizAsia Showbiz |access-date=10 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160418164134/http://www.media247.co.uk/showbiz/music-review-baaghi-2016 |archive-date=18 April 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Traffic (2016 film)|Traffic]]''
| 142
| "Neki Ki Raah"
| colspan="3" | [[Mithoon]]
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hj17TJ1tsxE|title=Neki Ki Raah – Traffic – Mithoon Feat Arijit Singh – Manoj Bajpayee, Kitu Gidwani & Jimmy Shergill|last=Zee Music Company|date=20 April 2016|access-date=16 January 2018|via=YouTube}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[One Night Stand (2016 film)|One Night Stand]]''
| 143
| "Ijazat"
| [[Meet Bros]]
| [[Shabbir Ahmed (lyricist)|Shabbir Ahmed]]
|
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Azhar (film)|Azhar]]''
| 144
| "Itni Si Baat Hain"
| [[Pritam Chakraborty]]
| Manoj Yadav
| [[Antara Mitra]]
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Sarbjit (film)|Sarbjit]]''
| 145
| "Salamat"
| [[Amaal Mallik]]
| Rashmi Virag
| [[Tulsi Kumar]]
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/videos/|title=Salamat Video Song – Sarbjit|work=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|access-date=17 April 2016}}</ref>
|
|-
| 146
| "Nindiya"
| Shashi-Shivamm
| Sandeep Singh
| rowspan="4" |
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ELmEq_-uNbM|title=Arijit Singh : NINDIYA Full Song – SARBJIT – Aishwarya Rai Bachchan, Randeep Hooda, Richa Chadda|last=T-Series|date=30 April 2016|access-date=16 January 2018|via=YouTube}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Fever (2016 film)|Fever]]''
| 147
| "Bas Ek Baar"
| colspan="2" | [[Rahul Bhatt]]
| rowspan="2" |
|
|-
| 148
| "Besambhle"
| Tanishk Bagchi
| [[A. M. Turaz]]
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Shorgul]]''
| 149
| "Tere Bina"
| [[Niladri Kumar]]
| [[Kapil Sibal]]
|<ref>{{cite web | title = Arijit Singh to sing song penned by Kapil Sibal | work = IANS | publisher = The Indian Express | date = 2 June 2016 | access-date = 4 June 2016 | url = http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/music/arijit-singh-salman-khan-sultan-sing-song-shorgul-penned-by-kapil-sibal-2831211/}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Mohenjo Daro (film)|Mohenjo Daro]]''
| 150
| "Mohenjo Mohenjo"
| [[A. R. Rahman]]
| [[Javed Akhtar]]
| A. R. Rahman, [[Bela Shende]], Sanah Moidutty
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/mohenjo-daro-original-motion/1131143743|title=Get millions of songs. All ad-free.|website=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Rustom (film)|Rustom]]''
| 151
| "Dekha Hazaro Dafaa"
| rowspan="2"| [[Jeet Gannguli]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Manoj Muntashir]]
| [[Palak Muchhal]]
| rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite web |date=29 October 2019 |title=Dhal Jaun Main by Arijit Singh |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OBL4ggt6vX8 |access-date=30 October 2019 |website=[[YouTube]] |publisher=[[Zee Music Company]]}}</ref>
|
|-
| 152
| "Dhal Jaun Main (Version 2)"
| Aakanksha Sharma
|Song released in October 2019; three years after film's release.
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Happy Bhag Jayegi]]''
| 153
| "Zara Si Dosti"
| [[Sohail Sen]]
| [[Mudassar Aziz]]
| rowspan="9" |
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/happy-bhag-jayegi-original/id1138732153|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924051435/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/happy-bhag-jayegi-original/id1138732153|url-status=dead|archive-date=24 September 2016|title=Happy Bhag Jayegi (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) – EP by Sohail Sen on Apple Music|website=[[iTunes]] |date=29 July 2016|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Akira (2016 Hindi film)|Akira]]''
| 154
| "Purza"
| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
| [[Manoj Muntashir]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/baadal/1144378109?i=1144378464&ign-mpt=uo%3D4&l=en&v0=WWW-APIN-ITSTOP100-SONGS|title=Get millions of songs. All ad-free.|website=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |''[[Raaz Reboot]]''
| 155
| "Lo Maan Liya"
| rowspan="3" | [[Jeet Gannguli]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Kausar Munir]]
| rowspan="3" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/raaz-reboot-original-motion/1145735023?ign-mpt=uo%3D2|title=Get millions of songs. All ad-free.|website=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
| 156
| "Yaad Hai Na"
|
|-
| 157
| "Raaz Aankhein Teri"
| [[Rashmi Virag]]
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Days of Tafree]]''
| 158
| "Main Hu Tu Ho"
| Bobby-Imran
| Aditya Shri Hari, Booby-Imran
|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/music/arijit-singh-lends-his-voice-for-days-of-tafree-3023725/|title=Arijit Singh lends his voice to a romantic track from Days of Tafree|date=10 September 2016|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[M. S. Dhoni: The Untold Story]]''
| 159
| "Phir Kabhi"
| rowspan="2" | [[Amaal Mallik]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Manoj Muntashir]]
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/m-s-dhoni-untold-story-original/1151196092?ign-mpt=uo%3D2|title=Get millions of songs. All ad-free.|website=Apple Music}}</ref> <ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/phir-kabhi-reprise-single/1167710175|title=Phir Kabhi (Reprise) – Single by Arijit Singh & Amaal Mallik on Apple Music|website=[[iTunes]] |date=14 October 2016|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
| 160
| "Phir Kabhi" (Reprise Version)
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Devi (2016 film)|Tutak Tutak Tutiya]]''
| 161
| "Chalte Chalte"
| Vishal Mishra
| Manoj Yadav
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/tutak-tutak-tutiya-original/1156411811?ign-mpt=uo%3D2|title=Get millions of songs. All ad-free.|website=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Fuddu]]''
| 162
| "Tum Tum Tum Ho"
| [[Rana Mazumder]]
| Panchhi
| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
| rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/fuddu-original-motion-picture/id1165335095|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019020301/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/fuddu-original-motion-picture/id1165335095|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 October 2016|title=Fuddu (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) by Sumeet Bellary & Rana Mazumder on Apple Music|website=[[iTunes]] |date=14 October 2016|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
| 163
| "Tum Tum Tum Ho" (Punjabi Version)
| Sumeet Bellary
| Satya Khare, Panchhi
| Yasser Desai, [[Sumedha Karmahe]]
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Shivaay]]''
| 164
| "Darkhaast"
| [[Mithoon]]
| [[Sayeed Quadri]]
| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]], Mithoon
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/darkhaast-feat-arijit-singh/1157302159?ign-mpt=uo%3D2|title=Get millions of songs. All ad-free.|website=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="6" scope="row" |''[[Ae Dil Hai Mushkil]]''
| 165
| "[[Ae Dil Hai Mushkil (song)|Ae Dil Hai Mushkil]]"
| rowspan="6" | [[Pritam Chakraborty]]
| rowspan="6" | [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| rowspan="2"|
| rowspan="6"|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/ae-dil-hai-mushkil-deluxe-edition-original-motion-picture/1174924228|title=Ae Dil Hai Mushkil (Deluxe Edition) [Original Motion Picture Soundtrack] by Pritam on Apple Music|website=[[iTunes]] |date=12 November 2016|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
| 166
| "[[Channa Mereya]]"
|
|-
| 167
| "The Breakup Song"
| [[Badshah (rapper)|Badshah]], [[Jonita Gandhi]], [[Nakash Aziz]]
|
|-
| 168
| "Alizeh"
| [[Ash King]], Shashwat Singh
|
|-
| 169
| "Bulleya" (Reprise Version)
| [[Shilpa Rao]]
|
|-
| 170
| "Channa Mereya" (Unplugged Version)
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Salaam Mumbai]]''
| 171
| "Reza Reza"
| Dilshad Shabbir Sheikh
| Ritu Shri
| Shiba Bhardwaj, Hamidreza Monfared
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Tum Bin 2]]''
| 172
| "Ishq Mubarak"
| rowspan="2" | [[Ankit Tiwari]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Manoj Muntashir]]
|
| rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/tum-bin-2-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1167433605|title=Tum Bin 2 (Original Motion Soundtrack)|work=iTunes|date=20 October 2016 }}</ref>
|
|-
| 173
| "Dekh Lena"
| [[Tulsi Kumar]]
|
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |''[[Dear Zindagi]]''
| 174
| "Tu Hi Hai"
| rowspan="3" | [[Amit Trivedi]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Kausar Munir]]
| rowspan="3" |
| rowspan="3" |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saavn.com/s/album/hindi/Dear-Zindagi-2016/svg1njyJaNs_|title=Dear Zindagi by Amit Trivedi, Jasleen Royal|date=20 October 2016|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
| 175
| "Taarefon Se"
|
|-
| 176
| "Ae Zindagi Gale Laga Le" (Take 1)
| [[Gulzar]]
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Dongri Ka Raja]]''
| 177
| "Piya Tu Piya"
| Asad Khan
| Raqueeb Alam
| [[Chinmayi Sripada]]
|<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/music-reviews/Music-Review-Dongri-Ka-Raja/articleshow/55350668.cms|title=Music Review: Dongri Ka Raja |newspaper=The Times of India |date=26 February 2017 |access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Saansein]]''
| 178
| "Mera Ishq"
| [[Vivek Kar]]
| [[Kumaar]]
| [[Ash King]], [[Swati Sharma]]
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Kahaani 2: Durga Rani Singh]]''
| 179
| "Mehram"
| [[Clinton Cerejo]]
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|
|<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Mehram-from-Kahaani-2-celebrates-love-and-friendship/articleshow/55415108.cms|title='Mehram' from 'Kahaani 2' celebrates love and friendship |newspaper=The Times of India |access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Befikre]]''
| 180
| "[[Nashe Si Chadh Gayi]]"
| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
| [[Jaideep Sahni]]
| [[Caralisa Monteiro]]
|<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.firstpost.com/bollywood/befikres-nashe-si-chad-gayi-finally-shows-that-reckless-abandon-the-film-has-been-boasting-of-3058322.html|title=Befikre's 'Nashe Si Chad Gayi' finally shows that reckless abandon the film has been boasting of |date=18 October 2016|newspaper=Firstpost|language=en-US|access-date=18 October 2016}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Wajah Tum Ho]]''
| 181
| "Dil Ke Paas"
| [[Kalyanji–Anandji]] (Recreated by [[Abhijit Vaghani]])
| [[Rajendra Prasad]]
| [[Tulsi Kumar]], Neuman Pintoo
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Dangal (soundtrack)|Dangal]]''
| 182
| "[[Naina (Arijit Singh song)|Naina]]"
| [[Pritam Chakraborty]]
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|}
=== Non-film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
! scope="col" style="width:24%;" | TV Series/Album
! No.
! scope="col" style="width:23%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Note
|-
|''Hyundai Elite i20''
|12
|"Drive Mein Junoon"
|Clinton Cerejo
|Nirmika Singh
|Clinton Cerejo
|Advertisement
|-
|''Jay Jay Kedara''
|13
|"Jay Jay Kedara"
|colspan="2" |[[Kailash Kher]]
|[[Amitabh Bachchan]], [[Kailash Kher]], [[Suresh Wadkar]], [[Sonu Nigam]], [[Shankar Mahadevan]], [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], [[Shreya Ghoshal]], [[Babul Supriyo]], [[Anup Jalota]], [[Hema Malini]], [[Prasoon Joshi]], Sivamani Anandan
|Baba Kedarnath Teleseries
|-
|''[[Ranveer Ching Returns]]''
|14
|"My Name Is Ranveer Ching (Ching's Secret Remix)"
|[[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]] (Remixed by DJ Chetas)
|—
|—
|Advertisement
|}

== 2017 ==
===Film songs===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Film
! scope="col" style="width:4%;" | No
! scope="col" style="width:14%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:2%;" | Ref.
! scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Note
|-
! scope="row" |''[[OK Jaanu]]''
| 183
| "Enna Sona"
| [[A. R. Rahman]]
| [[Gulzar]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.news18.com/news/movies/ok-jaanu-enna-sona-gives-soul-to-aditya-roy-kapoor-shraddha-kapoors-relationship-1326636.html|title=OK Jaanu: Enna Sona Gives Soul to Aditya-Shraddha's Relationship|date=23 December 2016|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Raees (2017 film)|Raees]]''
| 184
| "[[Zaalima]]"
| [[Pritam|JAM8]]
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| [[Harshdeep Kaur]]
|<ref>{{cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/raees-song-zaalima-shah-rukh-khan-is-the-king-of-romance-period-watch-video-mahira-khan-4460037/|title=Raees song Zaalima: Shah Rukh Khan is the king of romance, period. Watch video|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|access-date=5 January 2017}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Rangoon (2017 Hindi film)|Rangoon]]''
| 185
| "Yeh Ishq Hai"
| rowspan="2" | [[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Gulzar]]
| rowspan="5" |
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/music/370993/rangoon-music-review-vishal-bhardwaj-arijit-singh-and-sunidhi-chauhan|title=Rangoon Music Review: Vishal Bhardwaj, Arijit Singh and Sunidhi Chauhan give the jukebox a Victorian era feel!|website=www.pinkvilla.com|date=19 January 2017|access-date=16 January 2018|archive-date=2 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202001622/http://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/music/370993/rangoon-music-review-vishal-bhardwaj-arijit-singh-and-sunidhi-chauhan|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|
|-
| 186
| "Alvida"
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Badrinath Ki Dulhania]]''
| 187
| "Roke Na Ruke Naina"
| [[Amaal Mallik]]
| [[Kumaar]]
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/badrinath-ki-dulhania-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1205913413|title=Badrinath Ki Dulhania (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) – EP by Amaal Mallik, Akhil Sachdeva, Tanishk Bagchi & Bappi Lahiri on Apple Music|website=[[iTunes]] |date=21 February 2017|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Poorna: Courage Has No Limit|Poorna]]''
| 188
| "Kuch Parbat Hilaayein"
| rowspan="2" | [[Salim–Sulaiman]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/poorna-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/id1211639242|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314152207/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/poorna-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/id1211639242|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 March 2017|title=Poorna (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) – EP by Salim-Sulaiman on Apple Music|website=[[iTunes]] |date=3 March 2017|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
| 189
| "Baabul Mora"
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Begum Jaan (2017 film)|Begum Jaan]]''
| 190
| "Woh Subah"
| [[Mohammed Zahur Khayyam|Khayyam]] (Recreated by [[Anu Malik]])
| [[Sahir Ludhiyanvi]]
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=rSw7reboFnQ&feature=youtu.be|title=Begum Jaan – Woh Subah – Khayyam – Sahir Ludhianvi – Arijit Singh – Shreya Ghoshal|last=Vishesh Films|date=9 April 2017|access-date=16 January 2018|via=YouTube}}</ref>
|
|-
| 191
| "Murshida"
| [[Anu Malik]]
| [[Rahat Indori]]
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saavn.com/s/song/hindi/Begum-Jaan-Bonus-Track/Murshida/O100Bh5WAlc|title=Murshida by Arijit Singh|date=12 April 2017|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Meri Pyaari Bindu]]''
| 192
| "Haareya"
| rowspan="2"| [[Sachin–Jigar]]
|[[Priya Saraiya]]
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I1zpXInu4OU|title=Haareya Song – Meri Pyaari Bindu – Ayushmann Khurrana – Parineeti Chopra – Arijit Singh|last=YRF Music|date=11 April 2017|access-date=16 January 2018|via=YouTube}}</ref>
|
|-
| 193
| "Titli Trippin"
| Vayu
| [[Neeti Mohan]]
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7ifilROVJk|title=Titli Trippin Song, Meri Pyaari Bindu, Ayushmann, Parineeti, Arijit Singh, Neeti, Sachin-Jigar, Vayu|last=YRF|date=23 July 2020 |via=YouTube}}</ref>
| Song released in July 2020
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Half Girlfriend (film)|Half Girlfriend]]''
| 194
| "[[Phir Bhi Tumko Chaahunga]]"
| rowspan="2"| [[Mithoon]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Manoj Muntashir]]
| [[Shashaa Tirupati]]
| rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/half-girlfriend-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/id1230910560|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170429001946/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/half-girlfriend-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/id1230910560|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 April 2017|title=Half Girlfriend (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) by Mithoon, Tanishk Bagchi, Rishi Rich, Farhan Saeed, Rahul Mishra & Ami Mishra on Apple Music|website=[[iTunes]] |date=29 April 2017|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
| 195
| "Pal Bhar" (Chaahunga Reprise)
| rowspan="2"|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" scope="row" |''[[Raabta (film)|Raabta]]''
| 196
| "Ik Vaari Aa"
| rowspan="2" | [[Pritam Chakraborty]]
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| rowspan="4" |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/raabta-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1244430608|title=Raabta (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) by Jam8 on Apple Music|website=[[iTunes]] |date=3 June 2017|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
| 197
| "Raabta"
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]], [[Irshad Kamil]]
| [[Nikhita Gandhi]]
|
|-
| 198
| "Lambiyaan Si Judaiyaan"
| [[JAM8]]
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| [[Shadab Faridi]], Altamash Faridi
|
|-
| 199
| "Main Tera Boyfriend"
| [[Meet Bros]]
| [[Kumaar]]
| [[Neha Kakkar]], [[Meet Bros]], Sourav Roy, Sohrabuddin
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Behen Hogi Teri]]''
| 200
| "Tera Hoke Rahoon"
| [[JAM8]]
| Bipin Das
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/behen-hogi-teri-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/id1239786409|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117070305/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/behen-hogi-teri-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/id1239786409|url-status=dead|archive-date=17 January 2018|title=Behen Hogi Teri (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) by Yash Narvekar, Amjad Nadeem, JAM8, Jaidev Kumar, R. D. Burman & Rishi Rich on Apple Music|website=[[iTunes]] |date=23 May 2017|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Sweetiee Weds NRI]]''
| 201
| "Musafir" (Reprise)
| rowspan="2" | [[Palash Muchhal]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Palak Muchhal]]
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/sweetiee-weds-nri-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1240273099|title=Sweetiee Weds NRI (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) by Arko Pravo Mukherjee, Jaidev Kumar, Palash Muchhal, Raaj Aashoo, Shah Jahan Ali, Saurabh Senger & Jay Mehta on Apple Music|website=[[iTunes]] |date=24 May 2017|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
| 202
| "Musafir" (Remix)
| [[Atif Aslam]]
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Dobaara: See Your Evil|Dobaara]]''
| 203
| "Ab Raat"
| colspan="2" | [[Samira Koppikar]]
| Puneet Sharma
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/dobaara-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/id1240075819|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007105536/https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/dobaara-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/id1240075819|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 October 2018|title=Dobaara (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) by Arko, Samira Koppikar, Macks Wolf & D. Wunder on Apple Music|website=[[iTunes]] |date=24 May 2017|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Shab (film)|Shab]]''
| 204
| "O Saathi"
| colspan="2" | [[Mithoon]]
|
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/o-saathi-from-shab-single/id1240963845|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181007105513/https://itunes.apple.com/in/album/o-saathi-from-shab-single/id1240963845|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 October 2018|title=O Saathi (From "Shab") – Single by Arijit Singh & Mithoon on Apple Music|website=[[iTunes]] |date=25 May 2017|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="4" scope="row" |''[[Jagga Jasoos]]''
| 205
| "Ullu Ka Pattha"
|rowspan="8" | [[Pritam Chakraborty]]
|rowspan="2" | [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|[[Nikhita Gandhi]]
| rowspan="4" |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/jagga-jasoos-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1262309498|title=Jagga Jasoos (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) – EP by Pritam on Apple Music|website=[[iTunes]] |date=20 July 2017|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
| 206
| "Galti Se Mistake"
|[[Amit Mishra (Singer)|Amit Mishra]]
|
|-
| 207
| "Jhumritalaiyya"
| [[Neelesh Misra]]
| Mohan Kanan
|
|-
| 208
| "[[Phir Wahi (song)|Phir Wahi]]"
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" scope="row" |''[[Jab Harry Met Sejal]]''
| 209
| "Beech Beech Mein"
| rowspan="4"| [[Irshad Kamil]]
| [[Shalmali Kholgade]], [[Shefali Alvares]]
| rowspan="4"|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/jab-harry-met-sejal-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1267389757|title=Jab Harry Met Sejal (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) by Pritam on Apple Music|website=[[iTunes]] |date=3 August 2017|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
| 210
| "Safar"
|rowspan="3"|
|
|-
| 211
| "Hawayein"
|
|-
| 212
| "Hawayein" (Film version)
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Bareilly Ki Barfi]]''
| 213
| "Bairaagi"
| [[Samira Koppikar]]
| [[Puneet Sharma (lyricist)|Puneet Sharma]]
| Samira Koppikar
|
|
|-
! rowspan="6" scope="row" |''[[Qaidi Band]]''
| 214
| "Hulchul"
| rowspan="6"| [[Amit Trivedi]]
| rowspan="4"| [[Kausar Munir]]
| rowspan="5"| Yashita Sharma
| rowspan="6"|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/qaidi-band-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-peter/1263847963|title=Qaidi Band (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) [with Peter Muxka Manuel] by Arijit Singh, Yashita Sharma, Amit Trivedi & Peter Muxka Manuel on Apple Music|website=[[iTunes]] |date=25 July 2017|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
| 215
| "Poshampa"
|
|-
| 216
| "Junooni"
|
|-
| 217
| "Udanchoo"
|
|-
| 218
| "I am India"
| rowspan="2"| [[Habib Faisal]]
|
|-
| 219
| "Jag Mag"
| Yashita Sharma, Peter Muxka Manuel
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[A Gentleman]]''
| 220
| "Laagi Na Choote"
| [[Sachin–Jigar]]
| [[Priya Saraiya]]
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Lucknow Central]]''
| 221
| "Rangdaari"
| [[Arjunna Harjaie]]
| [[Kumaar]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Simran (film)|Simran]]''
| 222
| "Meet"
| rowspan="2" | [[Sachin–Jigar]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Priya Saraiya]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Haseena Parkar]]''
| 223
| "Tere Bina"
| [[Priya Saraiya]]
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sL_a7FSV7Ns|title=Tere Bina – Haseena Parkar – Shraddha Kapoor – Arijit Singh – Ankur Bhatia – Priya – Full Song|last=Saregama Music|date=29 August 2017|access-date=16 January 2018|via=YouTube}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Aksar 2]]''
| 224
| "Jaana Ve"
| rowspan="2" | [[Mithoon]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Sayeed Quadri]]
| rowspan="2" |
| rowspan="2" |
|
|-
| 225
| "Aaj Zid"
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Ranchi Diaries]]''
| 226
| "Thoda Aur"
| [[Jeet Gannguli]]
| [[Manoj Muntashir]]
| [[Palak Muchhal]]
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Rukh (film)|Rukh]]''
| 227
| "Hai Baaki"
| [[Amit Trivedi]]
| Sidhant Mago
| rowspan="5" |
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Tu Hai Mera Sunday]]''
| 228
| "Thodi Si Jagah"
| rowspan="2" | Amartya Rahut
| rowspan="2" | Milind Dhaimade
|
|
|-
| 229
| "Dhoond Lo"
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L2njfa7Ntlc|title=Dhoondlo – Tu Hai Mera Sunday – Arijit Singh – Barun Sobti & Vishal Malhotra – Amartya Rahut (Bobo)|last=Zee Music Company|date=25 September 2017|access-date=16 January 2018|via=YouTube}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Shaadi Mein Zaroor Aana]]''
| 230
| "Main Hoon Saath Tere"
| [[JAM8]]
| [[Shakeel Azmi]], Kunaal Verma
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Monsoon Shootout]]''
| 231
| "Pal"
| [[Rochak Kohli]]
| Sumant Vadhera
|
|
|}
===Non-film songs===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
! scope="col" style="width:24%;" | TV Series/Album
! No.
! scope="col" style="width:23%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Note
|-
|''Kabhi Yaadon Mein''
|15
|"Kabhi Yaadon Mein"
|Saptarshi (Recreated by [[Abhijit Vaghani]])
|Nusrat Badr (Additional by Chhavi Sodhani)
|[[Palak Muchhal]]
|
|-
|''Indiabulls Home Loans Brand Film''
|16
|"Sheher Mein Apna Ghar Ho Toh"
|[[Shankar Mahadevan]]
|[[Javed Akhtar]]
|—
|Advertisement
|-
|''Aaj Likhenge Kal''
|17
|"Aaj Likhenge Kal"
|[[Vishal Bhardwaj|Vishal Bharadwaj]]
|Srijan Shukla
|—
|TV series
|}

== 2018 ==
===Film songs===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Film
! scope="col" style="width:4%;" | No
! scope="col" style="width:14%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:2%;" | Ref.
! scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Note
|-
! scope="row" |''[[1921 (2018 film)|1921]]''
| 232
| "Tere Bina"
| Asad Khan
| Raqueeb Alam
| Aakanksha Sharma
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''Jaane Kyun De Yaaron''
| 233
| "Meri Tanhaiyon Mein"
| Satya, Manik, Afsar AMAR
| Prashant Ingole
|
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/meri-tanhaiyon-mein-from-jaane-kyun-de-yaaron-single/1329701663|title=Meri Tanhaiyon Mein (From "Jaane Kyun De Yaaron") – Single by Arijit Singh, Satya, Manik & Afsar on Apple Music|website=[[iTunes]] |date=27 December 2017|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Phir Se...]]''
| 234
| "Maine Socha Ke Chura Loon"
| [[Jeet Gannguli]]
| [[Rashmi Virag]]
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Padmaavat]]''
| 235
| "Binte Dil"
| [[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]]
| [[A. M. Turaz]]
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Karki |first1=Tripti |title=Padmaavat Binte Dil song: Ranveer Singh and Jim Sarbh impress in this Arijit Singh number |url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/entertainment/bollywood-padmaavat-binte-dil-song-ranveer-singh-jim-sarbh-impress-in-this-arijit-singh-number-425596 |access-date=7 October 2024 |work=India TV |date=2 February 2018 |location=New Delhi}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Pad Man (film)|Padman]]''
| 236
| "Aaj Se Teri"
| [[Amit Trivedi]]
| [[Kausar Munir]]
|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/padman-song-aaj-se-teri-shows-akshay-kumar-radhika-apte-in-a-life-of-happy-domesticity-4267695.html|title=Padman song 'Aaj Se Teri' shows Akshay Kumar, Radhika Apte in a life of happy domesticity|date=20 December 2017|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Sonu Ke Titu Ki Sweety]]''
| 237
| "Subah Subah"
| [[Amaal Mallik]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Kumaar]]
| [[Prakriti Kakar]]
| rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/sonu-ke-titu-ki-sweety-song-subah-subah-amaal-malik-arijit-sinhg-watch-video-5009670/|title=Sonu Ke Titu Ki Sweety song Subah Subah: Arijit Singh and Amaal Malik join hands for the perfect travel song|date=3 January 2018|access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
| 238
| "Tera Yaar Hoon Main"
| [[Rochak Kohli]]
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[3 Storeys]]''
| 239
| "Bas Tu Hai"
| [[Clinton Cerejo]]
| Puneet Krishna
| [[Jonita Gandhi]]
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Dil Juunglee]]''
| 240
| "Bandeya"
| [[Sharib Sabri|Shaarib]]-[[Toshi Sabri|Toshi]]
| Dr. Devendra Kafir
| rowspan="6"|
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Bandeya (From "Dil Juunglee") [feat. Arijit Singh] - Single |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/bandeya-from-dil-juunglee-feat-arijit-singh-single/1351624570 |access-date=7 October 2024 |work=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Hichki]]''
| 241
| "Khol De Par"
| [[Jasleen Royal]]
| Raj Shekhar
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Hichki (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/hichki-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1350670597 |access-date=7 October 2024 |work=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[102 Not Out]]''
| 242
| "Bachche Ki Jaan"
| [[Salim–Sulaiman]]
| Hiral Brahmbhatt
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Raazi]]''
| 243
| "[[Ae Watan]]"
| rowspan="2"| [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Gulzar]]
| rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite news |title=Raazi |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/raazi/qMNBH30KAKQ_ |access-date=7 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
| 244
| "Raazi"
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Parmanu: The Story of Pokhran|Parmanu]]''
| 245
| "Sapna"
| [[Sachin–Jigar]]
| [[Sachin Sanghvi]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Parmanu (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/parmanu-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1529529076 |access-date=7 October 2024 |work=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Veere Di Wedding]]''
| 246
| "Aa Jao Na"
| [[Shashwat Sachdev]]
| Raj Shekhar
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''When Obama Loved Osama''
| 247
| "Dil Jugaadu"
| Kashi-Richard
| Shweta Raaj
| Akanksha Sharma
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Saheb, Biwi Aur Gangster 3]]''
| 248
| "Andheron Mein Rishtey"
| [[Rana Mazumder]]
| Sandeep Nath
| rowspan="3"|
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Karwaan (film)|Karwaan]]''
| 249
| "Chota Sa Fasana"
| [[Anurag Saikia]]
| [[Akash Khurana]]
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Genius (2018 film)|Genius]]''
| 250
| "Tera Fitoor"
| [[Himesh Reshammiya]]
| [[Kumaar]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title='Tera Fitoor': Utkarsh Sharma and Ishita Chauhan's college romance will make you want to fall in love all over again |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/genius-song-tera-fitoor-utkarsh-sharma-and-ishita-chauhans-college-romance-will-make-you-want-to-fall-in-love-all-over-again/articleshow/64959718.cms |access-date=7 October 2024 |work=[[Times of India]] |date=12 July 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Laila Majnu (2018 film)|Laila Majnu]]''
| 251
|"Aahista"
|[[Niladri Kumar]]
|[[Irshad Kamil]]
|Jonita Gandhi
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Laila Majnu |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/laila-majnu/qGsDySnlw20_ |access-date=8 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Batti Gul Meter Chalu]]''
| 252
|"Har Har Gange"
| Sachet – Parampara
| Siddharth – Garima
| rowspan="3"|
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Batti Gul Meter Chalu song Har Har Gange is Shahid Kapoor's spiritual, soulful ode to a close friend |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/batti-gul-meter-chalu-song-har-har-gange-is-shahid-kapoors-spiritual-soulful-ode-to-a-close-friend-5143831.html |access-date=7 October 2024 |work=[[Firstpost]] |date=8 September 2018}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Pataakha]]''
| 253
|"Naina Banjare"
| [[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
| [[Gulzar]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Pataakha |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/song/pataakha/Jj05RANgYXo |access-date=8 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Andhadhun]]''
| 254
| "Woh Ladki"
| rowspan="2"| [[Amit Trivedi]]
| [[Jaideep Sahni]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Andhadhun (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/andhadhun-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1529564093 |access-date=7 October 2024 |work=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Helicopter Eela]]''
| 255
| "Dooba Dooba"
| [[Swanand Kirkire]]
| [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Jalebi (2018 film)|Jalebi]]''
| 256
| "Pal"
| Javed-Mohsin
| Prashant Ingole, Kunaal Vermaa
| Shreya Ghoshal
| rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite news |title=Jalebi (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/jalebi-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/Eh2V,t8LUWY_ |access-date=7 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
| 257
| "Mera Pyar Tera Pyar"
| [[Jeet Gannguli]]
| [[Rashmi Virag]]
| rowspan="3"|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Baazaar]]''
| 258
| "Chhod Diya"
| [[Kanika Kapoor]]
| [[Shabbir Ahmed (lyricist)|Shabbir Ahmed]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Baazaar |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/baazaar/MVJJg6uOdMU_ |access-date=8 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Rajma Chawal]]''
| 259
| "Yaariyan"
| Hitesh Sonik
| [[Irshad Kamil]]
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Kedarnath (film)|Kedarnath]]''
| 260
| "Qaafirana"
| rowspan="2"| [[Amit Trivedi]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| [[Nikhita Gandhi]]
| rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite news |title=Kedarnath (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/kedarnath-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1529543280 |access-date=7 October 2024 |work=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
| 261
| "Jaan Nisaar"
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Simmba]]''
| 262
| "Bandeya Rey Bandeya"
| [[Tanishk Bagchi]]
| [[Rashmi Virag]]
| [[Asees Kaur]]
|
|
|}

===Non-film songs===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
! scope="col" style="width:24%;" | TV Series/Album
! No.
! scope="col" style="width:23%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Note
|-
|''Le Jaa Tu Kahin''
|18
|"Le Jaa Tu Kahin"
|Sufiyan Bhatt
|Sahil Fatehpuri
|—
|
|}

== 2019 ==
===Film songs===

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Film
! scope="col" style="width:4%;" | No
! scope="col" style="width:14%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:2%;" | Ref.
! scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Note
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Sonchiriya]]''
| 263
|"Ruan Ruan"
|[[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
|[[Varun Grover (writer)|Varun Grover]]
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite web|title= Sonchiriya music review: Love's Labour's Lost| url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/music/sonchiriya-music-review-loves-labours-lost-5597327/|publisher= [[The Indian Express]]|date= 23 February 2019|access-date=24 February 2019}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Mere Pyare Prime Minister]]''
| 264
|"Mere Pyare Prime Minister – Title Track"
|[[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
|[[Gulzar]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Mere Pyare Prime Minister's title track is sweet plea to PM; watch| url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/bollywood/230219/mere-pyare-prime-ministers-title-track-is-sweet-plea-to-pm-watch.html |publisher= [[Deccan Chronicle]]|date= 23 February 2019|access-date=24 February 2019}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Kesari (2019 film)|Kesari]]''
| 265
|"Ve Maahi"
|colspan="2"|[[Tanishk Bagchi]]
|[[Asees Kaur]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title='Ve Maahi' song of 'Kesari' crosses 200 million views| url=https://zeenews.india.com/bollywood/ve-maahi-song-of-kesari-crosses-200-million-views-2219788.html|publisher=[[Zee News]]|date=17 July 2019|access-date=19 July 2019}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="4" scope="row" |''[[Kalank (soundtrack)|Kalank]]''
| 266
|"First Class"
|rowspan="4"|[[Pritam|Pritam Chakraborty]]
|rowspan="4"|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|[[Neeti Mohan]]
|rowspan="4"|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
| 267
|"Kalank – Title Track"
|
|
|-
| 268
|"Kalank – Title Track" (Duet Version)
|rowspan="2"|[[Shilpa Rao]]
|
|-
| 269
|"Kalank – Title Track" (Bonus Track)
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Student of the Year 2]]''
| 270
|"Main Bhi Nahin Soya"
|[[Vishal–Shekhar]]
|Anvita Dutt
|rowspan="9"|
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Music review: Student of the Year 2|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/music-reviews/music-review-student-of-the-year-2/articleshow/69159568.cms|newspaper=[[The Times Of India]]|date=9 May 2019 }}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[De De Pyaar De]]''
| 271
|"Tu Mila To Haina"
|[[Amaal Mallik]]
|Kunaal Vermaa
|rowspan="2"|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
| 272
|"Dil Royi Jaye"
|[[Rochak Kohli]]
|[[Kumaar]]
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Kabir Singh]]''
| 273
|"[[Bekhayali]]" (Version 2)
|[[Sachet–Parampara]]
|[[Irshad Kamil]]
|rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/reel/927318/kabir-singh-music-review-likeable-ballads-in-a-booster-shot-of-saccharine-rock|title='Kabir Singh' music review: Likeable ballads in a booster shot of saccharine rock|publisher=[[Scroll.in]]|date=18 June 2019}}</ref>
|
|-
| 274
|"[[Tujhe Kitna Chahne Lage]]"
|colspan="2"|[[Mithoon]]
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Jabariya Jodi]]''
| 275
|"Ki Honda Pyaar"
|[[Vishal Mishra (composer)|Vishal Mishra]]
|Raj Shekhar
|<ref>{{cite web|title= Ki Honda Pyar from Jabariya Jodi out. Arijit Singh gifts new break-up anthem after Bekhayali|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/ki-honda-pyar-from-jabariya-jodi-out-arijit-singh-gifts-new-break-up-anthem-after-bekhayali-1572947-2019-07-24|publisher=[[India Today]]|date= 24 July 2019|access-date=24 July 2019}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |''[[Chhichhore]]''
| 276
|"Woh Din"
|rowspan="3"|[[Pritam|Pritam Chakraborty]]
|rowspan="5"|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|rowspan="3"|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
| 277
|"Khairiyat"
|
|-
| 278
|"Khairiyat" (Bonus Track)
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[The Zoya Factor (film)|The Zoya Factor]]''
| 279
|"Kaash"
|rowspan="2"|[[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
|[[Alyssa Mendonsa]]
|rowspan="2""|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
| 280
|"Kaash" (Unplugged)
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Pal Pal Dil Ke Paas]]''
| 281
|"Pal Pal Dil Ke Paas – Title Track"
|[[Sachet–Parampara]]
|Siddharth-Garima
|[[Sachet–Parampara|Parampara Thakur]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=India is listening to Arijit Singh and Parampara's "Pal Pal Dil Ke Paas"|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/music/india-is-listening-to-arijit-singh-and-paramparas-pal-pal-dil-ke-paas-5945045/|publisher=[[The Indian Express]]|date=28 August 2019|access-date=28 August 2019}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[War (2019 film)|War]]''
| 282
|"[[Ghungroo (song)|Ghungroo]]"
|[[Vishal–Shekhar]]
|[[Kumaar]]
|[[Shilpa Rao]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Song check: In 'Ghungroo' from 'War', a funky duet by Shilpa Rao and Arijit Singh|url=https://scroll.in/reel/936321/song-check-in-ghungroo-from-war-a-funky-duet-by-shilpa-rao-and-arijit-singh|publisher=[[Scroll.in]]|date=5 September 2019|access-date=9 September 2019}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[The Sky Is Pink]]''
| 283
|"Dil Hi Toh Hai"
|rowspan="2"|[[Pritam Chakraborty]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Gulzar]]
|[[Antara Mitra]]
|rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite web|title=The Sky is Pink song Dil Hi Toh Hai: An uplifting Arijit Singh number|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/the-sky-is-pink-song-dil-hi-toh-hai-arijit-singh-priyanka-chopra-farhan-akhtar-6016217/|publisher=[[The Indian Express]]|date=21 September 2019|access-date=23 September 2019}}</ref>
|
|-
| 284
|"Zindagi"
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Made In China (2019 film)|Made in China]]''
| 285
|"Valam"
|[[Sachin–Jigar]]
|[[Priya Saraiya]]
|Priya Saraiya, Sachin–Jigar
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Made in China – Valam; Arijit Singh, Priya Saraiya; Rajkummar Rao & Mouni Roy|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/videos/movie-songs/valam-made-in-china-arijit-singh-priya-saraiya-rajkummar-rao-mouni-roy/|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|date=15 October 2019}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Satellite Shankar]]''
| 286
|"Tere Sang"
|colspan="2"|[[Mithoon]]
|Aakanshka Sharma
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Marjaavaan]]''
| 287
|"Thodi Jagah"
|[[Tanishk Bagchi]]
|[[Rashmi Virag]]
|
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Commando 3 (film)|Commando 3]]''
| 288
|"Akhiyaan Milavanga"
|[[Mannan Shaah]]
|Sahil Sultanpuri
|[[Sruthy Sasidharan]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Commando 3 song Akhiyaan Milavanga sees Vidyut Jammwal, Adah Sharma fall in love against picturesque locations|url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/commando-3-song-akhiyaan-milavanga-sees-vidyut-jammwal-adah-sharma-fall-in-love-against-picturesque-locations-7650641.html|publisher=Firstpost|date=14 November 2019|access-date=19 November 2019}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Pati, Patni Aur Woh (2019 film)|Pati, Patni Aur Woh]]''
| 289
|"Tu Hi Yaar Mera"
|[[Rochak Kohli]]
|[[Kumaar]]
|[[Neha Kakkar]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Pati Patni Aur Woh Song Tu Hi Yaar Mera: Kartik Aaryan Loves Bhumi Pednekar But Can't Stay Away From Ananya Panday|url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/pati-patni-aur-woh-song-tu-hi-yaar-mera-kartik-aaryan-loves-bhumi-pednekar-but-cant-stay-away-from-a-2142556|publisher=[[NDTV]]|date=3 December 2019|access-date=3 December 2019}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[The Body (2019 film)|The Body]]''
| 290
|"Khuda Hafiz"
|[[Arko Pravo Mukherjee|Arko]]
|[[Manoj Muntashir]]
| rowspan="2"|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Good Newwz]]''
| 291
|"Dil Na Jaaneya" (Unplugged)
|[[Rochak Kohli]]
|Gurpreet Saini
|
|
|}
=== Non-film songs===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
! scope="col" style="width:24%;" | TV Series/Album
! No.
! scope="col" style="width:23%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Note
|-
|''Jaani Ve''
|19
|"Pachtaoge"{{Citation needed|date=September 2025}}
|[[B Praak]]
|[[Jaani (songwriter)|Jaani]]
|—
|
|-
|''Intezaar''
|20
|"Intezaar"
| colspan="2" |[[Mithoon]]
|[[Asees Kaur]]
|
|-
|''Raanjhana''
|21
|"Raanjhana"
|[[Asad Khan (sitarist)|Asad Khan]]
|Raqeeb Alam
|—
|
|}

== 2020 ==
=== Film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Film
! scope="col" style="width:4%;" | No
! scope="col" style="width:14%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:2%;" | Ref.
! scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Note
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="3"|''[[Chhapaak]]''
| 292
| "Chhapaak" (Title Track)
| rowspan="3"| [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
| rowspan="3"| [[Gulzar]]
| rowspan="3"|
| rowspan="3"|<ref>{{cite news |title=Chhapaak (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) - EP |url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/chhapaak-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-ep/1529558031 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
| 293
| "Khulne Do"
|
|-
| 294
| "Sab Jhulas Gaya"
|
|-
! scope="row""|''[[Jai Mummy Di]]''
| 295
| "Dariyaganj"
| [[Amartya Bobo Rahut]]
| Siddharth Kaushal
| [[Dhvani Bhanushali]]
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Street Dancer 3D]]''
| 296
| "Dua Karo"
| [[Sachin–Jigar]]
| [[Priya Saraiya]]
|[[Bohemia (rapper)|Bohemia]]
|{{cn|date=October 2024}}
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Happy Hardy and Heer]]''
| 297
|"[[Heeriye]]"
|[[Himesh Reshammiya]]
|[[Shabbir Ahmed (lyricist)|Shabbir Ahmed]]
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref>{{cite web|title=Arijit Singh croons for Himesh Reshammiya's 'Happy Hardy and Heer'|url=https://zeenews.india.com/bollywood/arijit-singh-croons-for-himesh-reshammiyas-happy-hardy-and-heer-2221428.html"|publisher=[[Zee News]]|date=23 July 2019|access-date=24 July 2019}}</ref>
|Song released in July 2019
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"|''[[Malang (film)|Malang]]''
| 298
| "Chal Ghar Chalen"
|[[Mithoon]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Sayeed Quadri]]
| rowspan="3"|
| rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite news |title=Malang - Unleash The Madness |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/malang-unleash-the-madness/DKZ2kml2N84_ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
| 299
|"Chal Ghar Chalen (Remix)"
|[[Mithoon]] (Remixed by DJ Shadow Dubai)
|
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="6"|''[[Love Aaj Kal (2020 film)|Love Aaj Kal]]''
| 300
| "Shayad"
| rowspan="6"| [[Pritam Chakraborty]]
| rowspan="6"| [[Irshad Kamil]]
| rowspan="6"|<ref>{{cite news |title=Love Aaj Kal (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/love-aaj-kal-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/08dQgBZGh20_ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
| 301
| "Haan Main Galat"
| Shashwat Singh
|
|-
| 302
| "Rahogi Meri"
|
|
|-
| 303
| "Haan Tum Ho"
| [[Shilpa Rao]]
|
|-
| 304
| "Shayad" (Reprise)
| Madhubanti Bagchi
|
|-
| 305
| "Shayad" (Aaj Kal)
| [[Pritam Chakraborty|Pritam]]
|
|-
! scope="row" |''Scotland''
| 306
| "Mere Parwardigaar"
| Harpreet Singh
| Rajiv Rana
| rowspan="4" |
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Shubh Mangal Zyada Saavdhan]]''
| 307
|"Raakh"
|[[Tanishk-Vayu]]
|[[Tanishk-Vayu|Vayu]]
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" ! scope="row" |''[[Babloo Bachelor]]''
| 308
| "Kasam"
|[[Jeet Gannguli]]
| [[Rashmi Virag]]
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{cite news |title=Babloo Bachelor |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/babloo-bachelor/JF2204-uRJk_ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
| 309
|"Tum Ho"
|[[Indraadip Dasgupta]]
| Ashish Pandit
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Dil Bechara]]''
| 310
|"Khulke Jeene Ka"
|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|[[Shashaa Tirupati]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Khulke Jeene Ka: Sushant Singh Rajput, Sanjana Sanghi teach their fans how to best live life in new Dil Bechara song |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/bollywood/khulke-jeene-ka-sushant-singh-rajput-sanjana-sanghi-teach-their-fans-how-to-best-live-life-in-new-dil-bechara-song/story-rKeDRt8K4WGaJyfJIo3W9N.html |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=19 July 2020 |location=New Delhi}}</ref>
|[[Disney Plus Hotstar]] film
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Gunjan Saxena: The Kargil Girl|Gunjan Saxena]]''
| 311
|"Bharat Ki Beti"
|[[Amit Trivedi]]
|[[Kausar Munir]]
|
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Juneja |first1=Apeksha |title=7 Hindi patriotic song lyrics that will fill you with pride |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/hindi-patriotic-songs-lyrics-1336369 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Pinkvilla]] |date=7 August 2024}}</ref>
|[[Netflix]] film
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Sadak 2]]''
| 312
|"Shukriya" (Rendition)
|[[Jeet Gannguli]]
|[[Rashmi Virag]]
| [[KK (singer)|KK]], [[Jubin Nautiyal]]
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Jain |first1=Arushi |title=Sadak 2's Shukriya: A slow song to calm you down amid chaos |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/sadak-2-song-shukriya-alia-bhatt-sanjay-dutt-aditya-roy-kapur-6572238/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Indian Express]] |date=27 August 2020}}</ref>
|[[Disney Plus Hotstar]] film
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row"|''[[Ludo (film)|Ludo]]''
| 313
|"Aabaad Barbaad"
| rowspan="3"| [[Pritam]]
| Sandeep Shrivastva
| rowspan="3"|
| rowspan="3"|<ref>{{cite web|title=Arijit Singh croons for Pritam 'Ludo'
|url=https://zeenews.india.com/bollywood/arijit-singh-croons-for-Pritam-Ludo-2221427"|publisher=[[Zee News]]|date=19 October 2010|access-date=19 October 2020}}</ref>
| rowspan=3|[[Netflix]] film
|-
| 314
| "Hardum Humdum"
| rowspan="2"| [[Sayeed Quadri]]
|-
| 315
| "Hardum Humdum" (Film Version)
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Darbaan]]''
| 316
| "Khushmizaaj"
| [[Amartya Bobo Rahut]]
| Manoj Yadav
| [[Amartya Bobo Rahut]]
|
|[[Zee5]] film
|-
! scope="row"|''Sayonee''
| 317
|"Sayonee"
| [[Junoon (band)|Junoon]] (Recreated by Joy-Anjan)
|Junoon (Additional lyrics by Alaukik Rahi)
|[[Jyoti Nooran]]
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-11-13 |title=Arijit Singh: Sayonee is my growing-up favourite song |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/arijit-singh-sayonee-is-my-growing-up-favourite-song/articleshow/79213746.cms |access-date=2026-03-24 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
|
|}

=== Non-film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
! scope="col" style="width:24%;" | TV Series/Album
! No.
! scope="col" style="width:23%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Note
|-
| rowspan="3" |''[[The Forgotten Army - Azaadi Ke Liye]]''
|25
|"Azaadi Ke Liye (Title Track)"
| rowspan="3" |[[Pritam]]
|[[Kausar Munir]], Shloke Lal
|[[Tushar Joshi]]
| rowspan="3" |Web series
|-
|26
|"Mere Watan"
|[[Kausar Munir]]
|—
|-
|27
|"Mere Watan (Sad)"
|[[Kausar Munir]]
|—
|-
|''Afsos''
|28
|"Afsos – Title Track"
|Neel Adhikari
|Neel Adhikari, Sameer Satija
|—
|—
|-
|''Dil Ko Maine Di Kasam''
|29
|"Dil Ko Maine Di Kasam"
|[[Amaal Mallik]]
|[[Kumaar]]
|—
|—
|-
|''Rihaa''
|30
|"Rihaa"
|[[Arijit Singh]]
|Shloke Lal
|—
|—
|-
|''Bhoomi''
|31
|"Zinda Dili"
|[[Salim–Sulaiman]]
|[[Niranjan Iyengar]]
|—
|—
|}

== 2021 ==
=== Film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Film
! scope="col" style="width:4%;" | No
! scope="col" style="width:14%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:2%;" | Ref.
! scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Note
|-
! scope="row"|''[[The Power (2021 Indian film)|The Power]]''
| 318
|"Oh Saaiyaan"
|[[Salim–Sulaiman]]
|[[Kumaar]]
| Raj Pandit
|
|[[Zee5]] film
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="6"|''[[Pagglait]]''
| 319
| "Phire Faqeera"
| rowspan="6"| [[Arijit Singh]]
| [[Neelesh Misra]]
| [[Raja Kumari]], Amrita Singh
| rowspan="6"|<ref name="indiatoday.in">{{cite news |title=Pagglait title track out. Sanya Malhotra asks fans to put on their dancing shoes |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/pagglait-title-track-out-sanya-malhotra-asks-fans-to-put-on-their-dancing-shoes-1780325-2021-03-17|newspaper=[[India Today]] |date=17 March 2021 |access-date=17 March 2021}}</ref>
|rowspan=6|[[Netflix]] film
|-
| 320
| "Pagglait"
|[[Raftaar (rapper)|Raftaar]]
| [[Raftaar (rapper)|Raftaar]], Amrita Singh
|-
| 321
| "Dil Udd Ja Re" (Revisited)
| rowspan="4" |[[Neelesh Misra]]
| [[Meghna Mishra]]
|-
| 322
| "Thode Kam Ajnabi" (Reprise Version)
| [[Himani Kapoor]]
|-
| 323
| "Lamha" (Revisited)
| [[Antara Mitra]]
|-
| 324
| scope="row"|"Pagal"
|[[Raja Kumari]], Amrita Singh
|-
! scope="row"|''[[99 Songs]]''
| 325
| "Jwalamukhi"
| [[A. R. Rahman]]
| Navneet Virk
| rowspan="4"|
| <ref>{{cite web |title=Jwalamukhi (From "99 Songs") – Single by A. R. Rahman & Arijit Singh |url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/jwalamukhi-from-99-songs-single/1499765820 |website=iTunes |access-date=11 April 2021 |language=en-gb}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"|''[[Toofaan]]''
| 326
| "Jo Tum Aa Gaye Ho"
| Samuel-Akanksha
| [[Javed Akhtar]], Manoj Kumar Nath
| rowspan="2"|
|rowspan=2|[[Amazon Prime Video]] film
|-
| 327
| "Ananya"
| [[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
| [[Javed Akhtar]]
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Bhuj: The Pride of India]]''
| 328
| "Desh Mere"
| [[Arko Pravo Mukherjee]]
| [[Manoj Muntashir]]
|
|[[Disney Plus Hotstar]] film
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Sooryavanshi]]''
|329
|"Mere Yaaraa"
| [[JAM8]]
| [[Rashmi Virag]]
| [[Neeti Mohan]]
|
|
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Bunty Aur Babli 2]]''
|330
|"Luv Ju"
|[[Shankar–Ehsaan–Loy]]
|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|rowspan="3"|
|<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-01|title=Luv Ju: Arijit Singh fans love the peppy new Bunty Aur Babli 2 song with Siddhant, Sharvari; say 'Jubin toh gaya'|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/luv-ju-arijit-singh-fans-love-the-peppy-new-bunty-aur-babli-2-song-with-siddhant-sharvari-say-jubin-nautiyal-toh-gaya-101635754828415.html/|website=Hindustan Times|language=en}}</ref>
|
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Cash (2021 film)|Cash]]''
|331
|"Tera Hua"
|Akull
|[[Kunaal Vermaa]]
|<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-12|title=Arijit Singh opens up about his romantic number 'Tera Hua' from 'Cash': Love songs have no season|url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/arijit-singh-opens-about-his-romantic-number-tera-hua-cash-love-songs-have-no-season-939332/|website=Pinkvilla|language=en}}</ref>
|[[Disney Plus Hotstar]] film
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Tadap (2021 film)|Tadap]]''
|332
|"Tumse Bhi Zyada"
|[[Pritam]]
|rowspan="3"|[[Irshad Kamil]]
|
<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-11-02|title=Tadap song Tumse Bhi Zyada: We have heard better|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/tadap-song-tumse-bhi-zyada-we-have-heard-better-7604698/|website=Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>
|
|-
!scope="row"rowspan="2"|''[[Atrangi Re]]''
|333
|"Rait Zara Si"
|rowspan="2"| A. R. Rahman
|[[Shashaa Tirupati]]
|rowspan="2"| <ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-06|title=Atrangi Re Song Rait Zara Si: Sara Ali Khan, Dhanush And Akshay Kumar's Unrequited Love Stories|url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/atrangi-re-song-rait-zara-si-sara-ali-khan-dhanush-and-akshay-kumars-unrequited-love-stories-2638789|website=Ndtv|language=en}}</ref>
|rowspan=2|[[Disney Plus Hotstar]] film
|-
| 334
| "Tumhein Mohabbat"
|
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="5" |''[[83 (film)|83]]''
|335
|"Lehra Do"
| rowspan="5" |[[Pritam]]
| rowspan="5" |[[Kausar Munir]]
| rowspan="5" |
| rowspan="5" |<ref name="jiosaavn">{{cite web |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/83/jpGVn0zvN5o_|title=83 – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack |date=23 December 2021 |publisher=Jiosaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
|336
|"Lehra Do" (Film Version)
|
|-
|337
|"Lehra Do" (Extended)
|
|-
|338
|"Jeetega Jeetega" (Film Version)
|
|-
|339
|"Jeetega Jeetega" (Bonus Track)
|
|}

=== Non-film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
! scope="col" style="width:24%;" | TV Series/Album
! No.
! scope="col" style="width:23%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Note
|-
|''Jaanein Bachayenge''
|32
|"Jaanein Bachayenge"
|[[Arijit Singh]]
|[[Neelesh Misra]]
|—
|—
|-
|''Zindagi Ko Hi5''
|33
|"Zindagi Ko Hi5"
|[[Sunny M.R.]]
|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|—
|—
|}

== 2022 ==
=== Film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Film
! scope="col" style="width:4%;" | No
! scope="col" style="width:14%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:2%;" | Ref.
! scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Note
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Badhaai Do]]''
|340
|"Atak Gaya"
|[[Amit Trivedi]]
|[[Varun Grover (writer)|Varun Grover]]
|Rupali Moghe
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Roy Chowdhury |first1=Rishita |title=Rajkummar Rao, Bhumi Pednekar dedicate Badhaai Do song Atak Gaya to all those in love |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/rajkummar-rao-bhumi-pednekar-dedicate-badhaai-do-song-atak-gaya-to-all-those-in-love-1907731-2022-02-02 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[India Today]] |date=2 February 2022 |location=Mumbai}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Gangubai Kathiawadi]]''
|341
|"Muskurahat"
|[[Sanjay Leela Bhansali]]
|[[A. M. Turaz]]
| rowspan="3" |
|<ref name="Gangubai Kathiawadi">{{cite web |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/gangubai-kathiawadi/dhzdv5vMZ-Q_|title=Gangubai Kathiawadi – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack |date=10 February 2022 |publisher=Jiosaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Radhe Shyam]]''
|342
|"[[Aashiqui Aa Gayi]]"
| rowspan="2" |[[Mithoon]]
|[[Mithoon]]
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{cite news |title=Radhe Shyam (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/radhe-shyam-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1614059765 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
|343
|"Soch Liya"
|[[Manoj Muntashir]]
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Bachchan Pandey]]''
|344
|"Heer Ranjhana"
|[[Amaal Malik]]
|[[Kumaar]]
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Bachchhan Paandey song Heer Raanjhana: Akshay Kumar fulfils Jacqueline Fernandez's wish of camel rides, paragliding |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/bachchhan-paandey-song-heer-raanjhana-akshay-kumar-fulfils-jacqueline-fernandez-s-wish-of-camel-rides-paragliding-101647081553405.html |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=12 March 2022}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |''[[Runway 34]]''
|345
|"Mitra Re"
| rowspan="3" | [[Jasleen Royal]]
| rowspan="3" | Aditya Sharma
| rowspan="2" |Jasleen Royal
| rowspan="3" |<ref>{{cite news |title=Runway 34 Original Motion Picture Soundtrack |url=https://wynk.in/music/album/runway-34-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/bl_3616847043390 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Wynk Music]]}}</ref>
|
|-
| 346
| "Mitra Re" (Reprise)
|
|-
|347
| "Mitra Re" (Arijit Solo)
| rowspan="4"|
|
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |''Chitrakut''
|348
|"Maan Le"
| rowspan="3" | Somesh Saha
| rowspan="3" | Somesh Saha, Divya Unny
| rowspan="3" |<ref>{{cite news |title=Chitrakut (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/chitrakut-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1621466675 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
|349
|"Maan Le" (Reprise)
|
|-
|350
|"Maan Le" (Remix)
|
|-
! rowspan="5" scope="row" |''[[Bhool Bhulaiyaa 2]]''
|351
|"Hum Nashe Mein Toh Nahin"
| rowspan="5" |[[Pritam]]
|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|[[Tulsi Kumar]]
| rowspan="5" |<ref>{{cite news |title=Bhool Bhulaiyaa 2 |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/featured/bhool-bhulaiyaa-2/KAySKsFsLRdkVFjX2wgHNA__ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
|352
|"Mere Dholna" (Arijit Version)
| rowspan="4" |[[Sameer Anjaan|Sameer]]
| rowspan="2"|
|
|-
| 353
|"Ami Je Tomar" (Tandav Version)
|
|-
| 354
|"Ami Je Tomar" (Kiara's Scare)
| rowspan="2" |[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|
|-
| 355
|"Ami Je Tomar" (Vidya X Kartik)
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Samrat Prithviraj]]''
|356
|"Makhmali"
|[[Shankar Ehsaan Loy]]
|[[Varun Grover (writer)|Varun Grover]]
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]], [[Keerthi Sagathia]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Watch 'Prithviraj' song 'Makhmali': Akshay Kumar calls it 'most soulful romantic track' of his career |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/bollywood/watch-prithviraj-song-makhmali-akshay-kumar-calls-it-most-soulful-romantic-track-of-his-career |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=Free Press Journal |date=23 May 2022}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Ittu Si Baat]]''
|357
|"Sun Bhi Le"
|[[Vishal Mishra (composer)|Vishal Mishra]]
|[[Raj Shekhar]]
| [[Vishal Mishra (composer)|Vishal Mishra]]
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Rashtra Kavach Om]]''
|358
|"Seher"
|[[Arko Pravo Mukherjee]]
|[[A. M. Turaz]]
| rowspan="2" |
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Rashtra Kavach Om song Seher: Arijit Singh track will tug at your heartstrings |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/music/om-film-song-seher-aditya-roy-kapur-arijit-singh-video-7992511/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Indian Express]] |date=26 June 2022}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[HIT: The First Case (2022 film)|HIT: The First Case]]''
|359
|"Kitni Haseen Hogi"
| rowspan="2" | [[Mithoon]]
|[[Sayeed Quadri]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=HIT song Kitni Haseen Hogi: Rajkummar Rao and Sanya Malhotra are love-struck in this soft ballad |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/hit-song-kitni-haseen-hogi-rajkummar-rao-and-sanya-malhotra-are-love-struck-in-this-soft-ballad-7998930/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Indian Express]] |date=29 June 2022 |location=New Delhi}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Shamshera]]''
| 360
|"Fitoor"
| [[Karan Malhotra]]
| [[Neeti Mohan]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Shamshera Song Fitoor: Ranbir Kapoor, Vaani Kapoor Channel Sizzling Chemistry In Romantic Number |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/shamshera-song-fitoor-ranbir-kapoor-vaani-kapoor-channel-sizzling-chemistry-in-romantic-number-watch-5509495.html |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[News18]] |date=7 July 2022}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Darlings (film)|Darlings]]''
|361
|"La Ilaaj"
|[[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
|[[Gulzar]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Darlings song La Ilaaj: Vishal Bhardwaj, Gulzar present a sweetly melancholic track ft Alia Bhatt, Vijay Varma |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/darlings-song-la-ilaaj-gulzar-and-vishal-bhardwaj-have-created-a-sweetly-melancholic-track-ft-alia-bhatt-8065880/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Indian Express]] |date=3 August 2022}}</ref>
|
|[[Netflix]] film
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Raksha Bandhan (film)|Raksha Bandhan]]''
|362
| "Dhaagon Se Baandhaa"
| [[Himesh Reshammiya]]
| |[[Irshad Kamil]]
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Raksha Bandhan's Dhaagon Se Baandhaa Song Captures Essence of Brother-Sister Bond |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/raksha-bandhans-dhaagon-se-baandhaa-song-captures-essence-of-brother-sister-bond-music-reminds-fans-of-tere-naam-5642719.html |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[News18]] |date=28 July 2022 |location=Mumbai}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="5" scope="row" |''[[Laal Singh Chaddha (soundtrack)|Laal Singh Chaddha]]''
|363
|"Phir Na Aisi Raat Aayegi"
| rowspan="12" |[[Pritam]]
| rowspan="12" |[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|
| rowspan="5" |<ref>{{cite news |title=Laal Singh Chaddha |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/laal-singh-chaddha/9YfgU0uh3KM_ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
|364
|"Tur Kalleyan"
|[[Shadab Faridi]], Altamash Faridi
|
|-
|365
|"Tere Hawaale"
| [[Shilpa Rao]]
|
|-
|366
|"Phir Na Aisi Raat Aayegi" (Reprise)
|
| rowspan="2"| Released as part of the Extended Album in April 2023
|-
|367
|"Tere Hawaale" (Arijit - Shreya Duet)
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|-
! rowspan="7" scope="row" |''[[Brahmāstra: Part One – Shiva (soundtrack)|Brahmāstra Part One: Shiva]]''
|368
|"[[Kesariya (song)|Kesariya]]"
|
| rowspan="7" |<ref>{{cite news |title=Brahmastra (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/brahmastra-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/xq4v9ZFC9iA_ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
|369
|"Deva Deva"
| [[Jonita Gandhi]]
|
|-
|370
|"Dance Ka Bhoot"
|
|
|-
|371
|"Deva Deva" (Film Version)
| [[Jonita Gandhi]]
|
|-
|372
|"Rasiya Reprise"
|
|
|-
|373
|"[[Kesariya (song)|Kesariya]]" (Dance Mix)
| Shashwat Singh, [[Antara Mitra]]
|
|-
| 374
| "[[Kesariya (song)|Kesariya]]" (Film Version)
| Antara Mitra
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Atithi Bhooto Bhava]]''
|375
|"Paakhi Hua Re"
| Prasad S
| Priyanka R Bala
|
|
|[[Zee5]] film
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Dhokha: Round D Corner]]''
|376
|"Mahi Mera Dil"
| [[Tanishk Bagchi]]
| [[Kumaar]]
| [[Tulsi Kumar]]
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Prajapat |first1=Sunidhi |title=Dhokha- Round D Corner song Mahi Mera Dil: Aparshakti Khurana deals with break up and betrayal in soulful track |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/dhokha-round-d-corner-song-mahi-mera-dil-aparshakti-khurana-deals-with-break-up-and-betrayal-in-soulful-track/8c9911b7a5470 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[HT Media|OTTplay]] |date=23 September 2022}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Maja Ma]]''
|377
|"Kacchi Doriyaan"
| colspan="2" | Anurag Sharma
| [[Asees Kaur]]
|
|[[Amazon Prime Video]] film
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Code Name: Tiranga]]''
|378
|"Yaar Ve"
| [[Vipin Patwa]]
| [[Kumaar]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Thank God (film)|Thank God]]''
|379
|"Thank God - Title Track"
| [[Rochak Kohli]]
| [[Manoj Muntashir]]
| Eklavya
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Bhediya (film)|Bhediya]]''
|380
|"Apna Bana Le"
|[[Sachin–Jigar]]
|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|[[Sachin-Jigar]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Bhediya song Apna Bana Le: Varun Dhawan-Kriti Sanon show off their sweet chemistry in this romantic ballad |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/bhediya-song-apna-bana-le-varun-dhawan-kriti-sanon-show-off-their-sweet-chemistry-video-8254605/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Indian Express]] |date=7 November 2022}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Freddy (film)|Freddy]]''
|381
|"Kaala Jaadu"
|[[Pritam]]
|[[Irshad Kamil]]
|[[Nikhita Gandhi]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Freddy song Kaala Jaadu: Kartik Aaryan is a mysterious dentist by the day and a charmer in the club by night |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/freddy-song-kaala-jaadu-kartik-aaryan-is-a-mysterious-dentist-by-the-day-and-a-charmer-in-the-club-by-night-8263202/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Indian Express]] |date=11 November 2022}}</ref>
|[[Disney Plus Hotstar]] film
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Salaam Venky]]''
|382
|"Jo Tum Saath Ho"
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |[[Mithoon]]
|
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{cite news |title=Salaam Venky (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/salaam-venky-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1658551708 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
|383
|"Jo Tum Saath Ho" (Duet)
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|
|}
=== Non-film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
! scope="col" style="width:24%;" | TV Series/Album
! No.
! scope="col" style="width:23%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Note
|-
|''Dhokha''
|34
|"Dhokha"
|colspan="2" |[[Manan Bhardwaj]]
|—
|—
|-
|''Deh Shivaa''
|35
|"Deh Shiva"
|[[Arijit Singh]]
|Shloke Lal
|M.C Mawali (Rap), Kiraat Singh (Child voice)
|—
|-
|''Yaadein Wohi''
|36
|"Yaadein Wohi"
|colspan="2" |[[Arijit Singh]]
|—
|—
|-
|''Gaaye Ja''
|37
|"Gaaye Ja"
|[[Sunny M.R.]]
|Shloke Lal
|—
|—
|-
|''Dr. Arora''
|38
|"Mehram"
|[[Niladri Kumar]]
|[[Irshad Kamil]]
|—
|Web series
|-
|''Patriot''
|39
|"Patriot"
|colspan="2" |[[Arijit Singh]]
|—
|—
|}

== 2023 ==
=== Film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Film
! scope="col" style="width:4%;" | No
! scope="col" style="width:14%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:2%;" | Ref.
! scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Note
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Pathaan (film)|Pathaan]]''
| 384
| "[[Jhoome Jo Pathaan]]"
| [[Vishal–Shekhar]]
| [[Kumaar]]
| [[Sukriti Kakar]], Vishal–Shekhar
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Niyogi |first1=Agnivo |title=Shah Rukh Khan and Deepika Padukone's Jhoome Jo Pathaan song hits one billion views on YouTube |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/shah-rukh-khan-and-deepika-padukones-jhoome-jo-pathaan-song-hits-one-billion-views-on-youtube/cid/2047473 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]] |date=12 September 2024 |location=Calcutta |quote=The peppy dance number from Siddhath Anand’s Pathaan is sung by Arijit Singh, Sukriti and Kumaar}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Shehzada (2023 film)|Shehzada]]''
| 385
| "Chedkhaniyan"
| rowspan="4" | [[Pritam]]
| Shloke Lal, IP Singh
| rowspan="2"| [[Nikhita Gandhi]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Shehzada's new song Chedkhaniyan is for Kartik Aaryan's dance fans. |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/kartik-aaryan-shehzada-song-chedkhaniyan-dance-fans-watch-video-8401836/ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Indian Express]] |date=24 January 2023 |location=New Delhi}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |''[[Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar]]''
| 386
| "Tere Pyaar Mein"
| rowspan="3" | [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| rowspan="3" |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/tu-jhoothi-main-makkaar-makers-prepone-launch-of-arijit-singhs-song-due-to-audience-demand-6953983.html |title=Tu Jhoothi Main Makkaar Makers Prepone Launch of Arijit Singh's Song Due To Fans Demand |website=News18 |date=30 January 2023 |access-date=31 January 2023 }}</ref>
|
|-
| 387
| "Pyaar Hota Kayi Baar Hain"
| Charan (Rap)
|
|-
| 388
| "O Bedardeya"
|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Bad Boy (2023 film)|Bad Boy]]''
| 389
| "Tera Hua"
| [[Himesh Reshammiya]]
| Sonia Kapoor Reshammiya
| [[Jyotica Tangri]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Arijit Singh's latest track Tera Hua from Bad Boy leaves audiences begging for more |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/arijit-singhs-latest-track-tera-hua-from-bad-boy-leaves-audiences-begging-for-more-12214832.html |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Firstpost]] |date=27 February 2024}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Ponniyin Selvan: II]]''
| 390
| "Mera Aasmaan Jal Gaya"
| rowspan="2" | [[A. R. Rahman]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Gulzar]]
|
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{cite news |title=PS-2 (Hindi) |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/featured/ps-2-hindi/zFHk485LMueWfAFNItf,3Q__ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
| 391
| "PS Anthem"
| [[Benny Dayal]], Nabyla Maan
|
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Zara Hatke Zara Bachke (film)|Zara Hatke Zara Bachke]]''
| 392
|"Phir Aur Kya Chahiye"
|[[Sachin-Jigar]]
|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| rowspan="2"|
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Marcia Toppo |first1=Smera |title=Phir Aur Kya Chahiye: Vicky Kaushal and Sara Ali Khan celebrate love in new Zara Hatke Zara Bachke song |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/phir-aur-kya-chahiye-vicky-kaushal-and-sara-ali-khan-celebrate-love-in-new-zara-hatke-zara-bachke-song/cid/1937548 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]] |date=17 May 2023}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Adipurush]]''
| 393
|"Jai Shri Ram" (Arijit Singh Version)
|[[Ajay-Atul]]
|[[Manoj Muntashir]]
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=B Masand |first1=Taru |title=Adipurush Song Jai Shri Ram: Arijit Singh Sings Beautiful Rendition Of The Track And It Will Surely Leave You Mesmerised |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/adipurush-song-jai-shri-ram-arijit-singh-sings-beautiful-rendition-of-the-track-and-it-will-surely-leave-you-mesmerised-article-100480540 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=Times Now |date=24 May 2023}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row"|''[[Satyaprem Ki Katha]]''
| 394
|"[[Pasoori Nu]]"
|[[Ali Sethi]], [[Zulfiqar Jabbar Khan]] (recreated by [[Rochak Kohli]])
|Ali Sethi, Fazal Abbas (additional lyrics by Gurpreet Saini)
|[[Tulsi Kumar]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Arijit Singh reveals the reason he said yes to the Pasoori Nu remake |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/pasoori-arijit-singh-reveals-the-reason-he-said-yes-to-the-pasoori-nu-remake-59438.html |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Filmfare]] |date=27 June 2023}}</ref>
|
|-
| 395
|"Le Aaunga"
|[[Tanishk Bagchi]]
|Tanishk Bagchi
|
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Satyaprem Ki Katha Song Le Aaunga: Arijit Singh Gives His Voice To Kartik Aaryan, Kiara Advani's Romantic Track |url=https://news.abplive.com/entertainment/movies/satyaprem-ki-katha-new-song-le-aaunga-out-arijit-singh-gives-his-voice-to-kartik-aaryan-kiara-advani-s-romantic-track-1612851 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[ABP News|ABP Live]] |date=1 July 2023}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Bawaal (2023)|Bawaal]]''
| 396
|"Tumhe Kitna Pyaar Karte"
|[[Mithoon]]
|[[Manoj Muntashir]]
|Mithoon
|
|[[Amazon Prime Video]] film
|-
!rowspan="4" scope="row"|''[[Rocky Aur Rani Kii Prem Kahaani]]''
| 397
| "Tum Kya Mile"
| rowspan="4" | [[Pritam]]
| rowspan="4" | [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Shreya Ghoshal]]
| rowspan="4"|<ref>{{cite news |title=Rocky Aur Rani Kii Prem Kahaani |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/rocky-aur-rani-kii-prem-kahaani/Hxp0A7OmJ1o_ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
| 398
| "Tum Kya Mile" (Radio Edit)
|
|-
| 399
|"What Jhumka?"
|[[Jonita Gandhi]], [[Ranveer Singh]] (Rap)
|
|-
| 400
| "Ve Kamleya"
| [[Shreya Ghoshal]], Altamash Faridi, [[Shadab Faridi]]
|
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row"|''[[Gadar 2]]''
| 401
|"Khairiyat"
| rowspan="2" | [[Mithoon]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Sayeed Quadri]]
| rowspan="2"|
| rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite news |title=Gadar 2 |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/gadar-2/kTc0ePBi744_ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|rowspan="2"|
|-
| 402
|"Dil Jhoom"
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row"| ''[[Jawan (film)|Jawan]]''
| 403
|"[[Chaleya]]"
| rowspan="2" | [[Anirudh Ravichander]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Kumaar]]
| [[Shilpa Rao]]
| rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite news |title=Jawan |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/jawan/RvGqKSIL2ZY_ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
|404
|“Faraatta”
| [[Jonita Gandhi]], [[Badshah (rapper)|Badshah]]
|
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Jaane Jaan (2023 film)|Jaane Jaan]]''
| 405
|"Doriyaan"
|[[Sachin-Jigar]]
|Priya Saraiya
| rowspan="4" |
|
|rowspan=3|[[Netflix]] film
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" | ''[[Khufiya]]''
| 406
|"Dil Dushman"
| rowspan="2"| [[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
| rowspan="2"| [[Gulzar]]
| rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite news |title=Khufiya (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://music.apple.com/in/album/khufiya-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1709071062 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Apple Music]]}}</ref>
|-
| 407
| "Na Hosh Chale" (Arijit's Version)
|-
! rowspan="2" scope="row" |''[[Yaariyan 2]]''
| 408
|"Oonchi Oonchi Deewarein"
| colspan="2" |Manan Bhardwaj
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{cite news |title=Yaariyan 2 |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/yaariyan-2/rrZxLnIwWR4_ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
| 409
| "Blue Hain Paani Paani"
| colspan="2" | Khaalif, [[Yo Yo Honey Singh]]
| [[Neha Kakkar]]
|
|-
! scope="row" |''Pyaar Hai Toh Hai''
| 410
| "Mann Jogiya"
| Anique
| Dheeraj Kumar
| Ishita Vishwakarma
|<ref>{{cite web |title=Pyaar Hai Toh Hai Song - Mann Jogiya |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videos/entertainment/music/hindi/pyaar-hai-toh-hai-song-mann-jogiya/videoshow/103991110.cms |website=[[Times of India]] |access-date=6 October 2024 |date=27 September 2023}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Tejas (film)|Tejas]]''
| 411
| "Jaan Da" (Saiyaan Ve)
| [[Shashwat Sachdev]]
| [[Kumaar]]
|
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Jaan Da: First song from Kangana Ranaut's Tejas shows her love for the sky. |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/tejas-song-jaan-da-kangana-ranaut-pilot-air-force-101697340984211.html |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=15 October 2023}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''Brand Bollywood Downunder''
| 412
| "Aaja Baija Tu"
| [[Salim-Sulaiman]]
| [[Shraddha Pandit]]
| [[Underground Authority#Santhanam Srinivasan Iyer (EPR)|EPR Iyer]]
|
| [[Cinema of Australia|Australian]] Documentary Film released on 2 November 2023 in Australia
|-
! scope="row"| ''[[Pippa (film)|Pippa]]''
| 413
| "Main Parwaana"
| [[A. R. Rahman]]
|[[Shellee]]
|
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sundaresan |first1=Satish |title=Pippa song Main Parwaana: Ishaan Khatter grooves to Arijit Singh's magical vocals and A R Rahman's melody |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/pippa-song-main-parwaana-ishaan-khatter-grooves-to-arijit-singhs-magical-vocals-and-a-r-rahmans-melody/50a17f9630928 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[HT Media|OTTplay]] |date=9 November 2023}}</ref>
|[[Amazon Prime Video]] film
|-
! scope="row" rowspan="2"| ''[[Tiger 3]]''
| 414
| "Leke Prabhu Ka Naam"
| rowspan="2"| [[Pritam]]
| [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| [[Nikhita Gandhi]]
| rowspan="2"|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-22 |title=Salman Khan Talks About Arijit Singh's Tiger 3 Song Leke Prabhu Ka Naam: 'It Is Probably One Of...' |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/salman-khan-arijit-singh-katrina-kaif-tiger-3-leke-prabhu-ka-naam-8629040.html |access-date=2024-02-17 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>
|
|-
| 415
| "Ruaan"
| [[Irshad Kamil]]
| rowspan=6|
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Starfish (2023 film)|Starfish]]''
| 416
| "Fanaa Kar Lo"
| OAFF, Savera
| Ankur Tewari
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Arijit Singh's New 'Starfish' Single 'Fanna Kar Lo' Is Is A Free-Spirited, Rebellious Romance |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/art-entertainment/arijit-singh-s-new-starfish-single-fanna-kar-lo-is-is-a-free-spirited-rebellious-romance-news-329804 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Outlook (Indian magazine)|Outlook India]] |date=9 November 2023}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Animal (2023 Indian film)|Animal]]''
| 417
| "Satranga"
| Shreyas Puranik
| [[Siddharth–Garima]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Watch: 'Animal' song 'Satranga' captures Ranbir-Rashmika's bittersweet love |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/rashmika-mandanna-ranbir-kapoor-animal-second-song-satranga-2454531-2023-10-27 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[India Today]] |date=27 October 2023}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[The Archies (film)|The Archies]]''
| 418
| "In Raahon Mein"
| [[Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy]]
| [[Javed Akhtar]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title=The Archies song In Raahon Mein: Arijit Singh's track for the Zoya Akhtar film is a road trip song |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/the-archies-song-in-raahon-mein-arijit-singhs-track-for-the-zoya-akhtar-film-is-a-road-trip-song-62675.html |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Filmfare]] |date=21 November 2023}}</ref>
| [[Netflix]] film
|-
! scope="row" rowspan=2 | ''[[Dunki (film)|Dunki]]''
| 419
| "Lutt Putt Gaya"
| rowspan=2| [[Pritam Chakraborty]]
| [[Swanand Kirkire]], IP Singh
| rowspan=2|<ref>{{cite news |title=Dunki |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/dunki/nOH0--eoFKo_ |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
| 420
| "O Maahi"
| [[Irshad Kamil]]
|
|}
=== Non-film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
! scope="col" style="width:24%;" | TV Series/Album
! No.
! scope="col" style="width:23%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Note
|-
|''Gham Khushiyan''
|40
|"Gham Khushiyan"
|[[Rohanpreet Singh]]
|Rana Sotal
|[[Neha Kakkar]]
|—
|-
|''Bairiya''
|41
|"Bairiya"
|Goldie Sohel
|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|—
|—
|-
|''Jai Shree Mahakaal''
|42
|"Jai Shree Mahakaal"
|colspan="2" |[[Kailash Kher]]
|[[Shankar Mahadevan]], [[Sonu Nigam]], [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]], Kailash Kher
|—
|-
|''Bhoomi''
|43
|"Zinda Dili 2.0"
|[[Salim–Sulaiman]]
|[[Niranjan Iyengar]]
|—
|—
|-
|''Asi Desi''
|44
|"Galtiyaan"
|Saurabh Kalsi
|[[Sapan Saran]]
|—
|Web series (KingzPlayOfficial YouTube Channel)
|-
|''Heeriye''
|45
|"Heeriye"
|[[Jasleen Royal]]
|Aditya Sharma
|Jasleen Royal
|—
|-
|''Bhide''
|46
|"Bhide"
|[[Arijit Singh]]
|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]], [[Divine (rapper)|Divine]]
|Divine
|2023 [[Durand Cup]] official theme song
|-
|''Kasam Se''
|47
|"Kasam Se"
|[[Shekhar Ravjiani]]
|[[Priya Saraiya]]
|—
|—
|-
|''Rooh Jaga Doon''
|48
|"Rooh Jaga Doon"
|[[Arijit Singh]]
|Shloke Lal
|—
|—
|-
|''Bhool Jaa''
|49
|"Bhool Jaa"
|Piyush Shankar
|[[Rashmi Virag]]
|—
|—
|-
|''Nava Durga Gayatri Mantra Jaap''
|50
|"Gayatri Mantra"
|[[Arijit Singh]]
|Traditional
|—
|—
|-
|''Dil Haareya''
|51
|"Dil Haareya"
|Vivian Richard
|Juno
|—
|—
|}

== 2024 ==
=== Film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Film
! scope="col" style="width:4%;" | No
! scope="col" style="width:14%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:2%;" | Ref.
! scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Note
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Merry Christmas (2024 film)|Merry Christmas]]''
| 421
| "Raat Akeli Thi"
| [[Pritam Chakraborty]]
| [[Varun Grover (writer)|Varun Grover]]
| [[Antara Mitra]]
|<ref>{{cite news |title='Merry Christmas': Katrina Kaif, Vijay Sethupathi bring romantic chemistry in 'Raat Akeli Thi' |url=https://theprint.in/feature/merry-christmas-katrina-kaif-vijay-sethupathi-bring-romantic-chemistry-in-raat-akeli-thi/1917905/ |access-date=4 October 2024 |work=[[ThePrint]] |date=10 January 2024}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Fighter (2024 film)|Fighter]]''
| 422
| "Dil Banaane Waaleya"
| [[Vishal-Shekhar]]
| [[Kumaar]]
| [[Jonita Gandhi]]
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Narain |first1=Yatmanyu |title=Fighter: Dil Banaane Waaleya From Hrithik Roshan, Deepika Padukone's Film Will Make You Tear Up |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/fighter-dil-banaane-waaleya-from-hrithik-roshan-deepika-padukones-film-will-make-you-tear-up-watch-here-8759028.html |access-date=4 October 2024 |work=[[News18]] |date=29 January 2024}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''Zindagi Kashmakash''
| 423
| "Halka Halka Sa"
| Manish Sahriya
| Manish Thapliyal
|
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Halka Halka Sa |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/song/halka-halka-sa/CFgOaAZfT0k |access-date=8 October 2024 |work=JioSaavn}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Laapataa Ladies]]''
| 424
| "[[Sajni (song)|Sajni]]"
| [[Ram Sampath]]
| [[Prashant Pandey]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-12 |title=Laapataa Ladies song Sajni: Arjit Singh's vocals and Ram Sampath's music win internet's heart |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/laapataa-ladies-song-sajni-arjit-singhs-vocals-and-ram-sampaths-music-win-internets-heart-9157874/ |access-date=2024-02-17 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" | [[Yodha (2024 film)|''Yodha'']]
| 425
| "Tere Sang Ishq Hua"
| [[Tanishk Bagchi]]
| [[Kunaal Verma]]
| [[Neeti Mohan]]
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chatterjee |first1=Sanghamitra |title=Yodha Song Tere Sang Ishq Hua: Romance blossoms between Sidharth Malhotra and Raashii Khanna |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/yodha-song-tere-sang-ishq-hua-romance-blossoms-between-sidharth-malhotra-and-raashii-khanna/cid/2005379 |access-date=5 October 2024 |work=[[The Telegraph (India)|The Telegraph]] |date=7 March 2024}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Dukaan]]''
| 426
| "Moh Na Lagey"
| Shreyas Puranik
| [[Siddharth–Garima]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Jess |date= |title=Arijit Singh's Melody "Moh Na Laage" from Dukaan Steals Hearts |url=https://urbanasian.com/entertainment/bollywood/2024/03/arijit-singhs-melody-moh-na-laage-from-dukaan-steals-hearts/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240324063155/https://urbanasian.com/entertainment/bollywood/2024/03/arijit-singhs-melody-moh-na-laage-from-dukaan-steals-hearts/ |archive-date=24 March 2024 |access-date=28 July 2025 |website=urbanasian.com}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Bade Miyan Chote Miyan (2024 film)|Bade Miyan Chote Miyan]]''
| 427
| "Mast Malang Jhoom"
| [[Vishal Mishra (composer)|Vishal Mishra]]
| rowspan="2" | [[Irshad Kamil]]
| [[Nikhita Gandhi]], Vishal Mishra
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chaubey |first1=Pranita |title=Bade Miyan Chote Miyan Song Mast Malang Jhoom: Akshay Kumar, Tiger Shroff And Sonakshi Sinha - It's A Party |url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/bade-miyan-chote-miyan-song-mast-malang-jhoom-akshay-kumar-tiger-shroff-and-sonakshi-sinha-its-a-party-5143451 |access-date=5 October 2024 |work=[[NDTV]] |date=28 February 2024}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" |''[[Amar Singh Chamkila (film)|Amar Singh Chamkila]]''
|428
|"Vida Karo"
|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|[[Jonita Gandhi]]
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Khurana |first1=Suanshu |title=Amar Singh Chamkila music review: An out-and-out an Irshad Kamil triumph, a brilliant expression of imagery |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/amar-singh-chamkila-music-review-an-out-and-out-an-irshad-kamil-triumph-a-brilliant-expression-of-imagery-9254538/ |access-date=5 October 2024 |work=[[Indian Express]] |date=9 April 2024}}</ref>
|[[Netflix]] film
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Srikanth (film)|Srikanth]]''
|429
|"Jeena Sikha De"
|Ved Sharma
|[[Kunaal Vermaa]]
|
|<ref>{{cite news |title='Jeena Sikha De' from Rajkummar Rao starrer 'Srikanth' is out now! |url=https://mirchi.in/stories/music/jeena-sikha-de-from-rajkummar-rao-starrer-srikanth-is-out-now-watch/109935364 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Radio Mirchi]]}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Munjya (film)|Munjya]]''
|430
|"Tainu Khabar Nahi"
|[[Sachin-Jigar]]
|rowspan=2|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|
||<ref>{{cite news |title=Horror-comedy Munjya's second song by Arijit Singh 'Tainu Khabar Nahi' is the love anthem of the year |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/watch-horror-comedy-munjyas-second-song-by-arijit-singh-tainu-khabar-nahi-is-the-love-anthem-of-the-year-13777581.html |access-date=5 October 2024 |work=[[Firstpost]] |date=1 June 2024}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" rowspan=2| ''[[Chandu Champion]]''
|431
|"Satyanaas"
|rowspan=2|[[Pritam Chakraborty]]
|[[Nakash Aziz]], [[Dev Negi]]
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bhattacharya |first1=Trisha |title='Satyanaas': Kartik Aaryan dances his heart out in 1st song from 'Chandu Champion' |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/bollywood/story/satyanaas-kartik-aaryan-dances-his-heart-out-in-first-song-chandu-champion-kabir-khan-2543543-2024-05-24 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[India Today]] |date=24 May 2024 |location=New Delhi}}</ref>
|
|-
| 432
| "Tu Hai Champion"
| IP Singh
| [[Amit Mishra (singer)|Amit Mishra]]
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Bohra |first1=Anurag |title=Chandu Champion: Kartik Aaryan surprises with athletic transformation in Tu Hai Champion song. |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/chandu-champion-kartik-aaryan-surprises-with-athletic-transformation-in-tu-hai-champion-song-watch-101717077736862.html |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=30 May 2024}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row" rowspan=2| ''[[Vedaa]]''
|433
|"Zaroorat Se Zyada"
|rowspan=2|[[Amaal Mallik]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Kunaal Vermaa]]
|Amaal Mallik
|rowspan="2"|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Singh |first1=Nisha |title=Vedaa first song Zaroorat Se Zyada OUT: John Abraham grieves loss of his love in heart-wrenching track co-starring Tamannaah Bhatia |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/vedaa-first-song-zaroorat-se-zyada-out-john-abraham-grieves-loss-of-his-love-in-heart-wrenching-track-co-starring-tamannaah-bhatia-1337752 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Pinkvilla]] |date=27 August 2024}}</ref>
|
|-
|434
|"Zaroorat Se Zyada (Duet)"
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Amar Prem Ki Prem Kahani]]''
|435
|"Kasturi"
|Prasad S
|
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Amar Prem Ki Prem Kahani (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) - EP |url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/amar-prem-ki-prem-kahani-original-motion-picture-soundtrack/1769578500 |access-date=8 October 2024 |work=Apple Music}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Jigra (film)|Jigra]]''
|436
|"Tenu Sang Rakhna"
|Achint Thakkar
|Varun Grover
|Anumita Nadesan, Achint Thakkar
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Juneja |first1=Apeksha |title=Jigra song Tenu Sang Rakhna OUT: Alia Bhatt, Vedang Raina celebrate sibling bond of love and protection in this Arijit Singh, Anumita track |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/jigra-song-tenu-sang-rakhna-out-alia-bhatt-vedang-raina-celebrate-sibling-bond-of-love-and-protection-in-this-arijit-singh-anumita-track-1351728 |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Pinkvilla]] |date=3 October 2024}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Baby John (film)|Baby John]]''
|437
|"Hazaar Baar"
|[[Thaman S]]
|[[Irshad Kamil]]
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q5Fa_5A8bb4 | title=Hazaar Baar | Baby John | Varun Dhawan, Keerthy S | Thaman S, Arijit Singh, Shreya Ghoshal, Irshad | website=[[YouTube]] }}</ref>
|
|}
=== Non-film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
! scope="col" style="width:24%;" | TV Series/Album
! No.
! scope="col" style="width:23%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Note
|-
|''Chhodunga Na''
|52
|"Chhodunga Na"
|[[Arijit Singh]]
|Kaushal Kishore
|—
|—
|-
|''[[Ek Tha Raja (album)|Ek Tha Raja]]''
|53
|"Soulmate"
|[[Badshah (rapper)|Badshah]]
|—
|—
|—
|-
|''[[Gyaarah Gyaarah]]''
|54
|"Jee Loon Main Tujhko"
|Rahi Sayed & Tallz
|Ginny Diwan
|—
|Web series on [[ZEE5]]
|-
|''Underrated''
|55
|"Tum Kya Ho"
|[[Ankit Tiwari]]
|Abhendra Upadhyay
|[[Ankit Tiwari]]
|—
|}

== 2025 ==
=== Film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Film
! scope="col" style="width:4%;" | No
! scope="col" style="width:14%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:2%;" | Ref.
! scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Note
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Fateh (2025 film)|Fateh]]''
|438
| "Fateh Kar Fateh"
| Haroon-Gavin
| Mandeep Khurana
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2024-12-12 |title=Arijit Singh croons the patriotic anthem of victory 'Fateh Kar Fateh' for Sonu Sood's Fateh : Bollywood News - Bollywood Hungama |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/arijit-singh-croons-patriotic-anthem-victory-fateh-ka-fateh-sonu-soods-fateh/ |access-date=2024-12-12 |website=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |language=en}}</ref>
|
|-
!scope="row" rowspan=2|''[[Azaad (2025 film)|Azaad]]''
|439
| "Azaad Hai Tu"
|rowspan=2|[[Amit Trivedi]]
| [[Swanand Kirkire]] & [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
| Amit Trivedi
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=Khanna |first=Yukta |date=23 December 2024 |title="Azaad Hai Tu" title track sees one of the most grand song launches of 2024 |url=https://www.indiaforums.com/article/azaad-hai-tu-title-track-sees-one-of-the-most-grand-song-launches-of-2024_215809 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250709111444/https://www.indiaforums.com/article/azaad-hai-tu-title-track-sees-one-of-the-most-grand-song-launches-of-2024_215809 |archive-date=9 July 2025 |work=India Forums}}</ref>
|
|-
|440
|"Ajeeb O Gareeb"
|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|Hansika Pareek
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ajeeb-O-Gareeb Song: Arijit Singh's Soulful Voice In Aaman Devgan & Rasha Thadani's Azaad Track Will Leave You Spellbound |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/ajeeb-o-gareeb-song-arijit-singhs-soulful-voice-in-aaman-devgan-rasha-thadanis-azaad-track-will-leave-you-spellbound |access-date=2025-01-10 |website=Free Press Journal |language=en}}</ref>
|
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Sky Force (film)|Sky Force]]''
|441
|"Tu Hai Toh Main Hoon"
|[[Tanishk Bagchi]]
|[[Irshad Kamil]]
|[[Afsana Khan]]
|<ref>{{cite news |last1=Juneja |first1=Apeksha |title=Sky Force song Tu Hain Toh Main Hoon OUT: Veer Pahariya and Sara Ali Khan's magical chemistry coupled with Arijit Singh's soulful voice is perfect treat |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/sky-force-song-tu-hain-toh-main-hoon-out-veer-pahariya-and-sara-ali-khans-magical-chemistry-coupled-with-arijit-singhs-soulful-voice-is-perfect-treat-1368750 |access-date=24 January 2025 |work=[[Pinkvilla]] |date=22 January 2025}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Dhoom Dhaam (2025 film)|Dhoom Dhaam]]''
|442
|"Silsila"
|Clinton Cerejo and Bionca Gomes (Shor Police)
|Siddhant Kaushal
|[[Jonita Gandhi]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=ANI |date=2025-01-30 |title='Silsila' song from 'Dhoom Dhaam' released |url=https://theprint.in/feature/silsila-song-from-dhoom-dhaam-released/2470827/ |access-date=2025-02-17 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|''[[Chhaava]]''
|443
|"Jaane Tu"
|[[A.R.Rahman]]
|[[Irshad Kamil]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-31 |title=Chhaava First Song Jaane Tu OUT: AR Rahman, Arijit Singh's Romantic Track Ft Chhatrapati Maharaj, Maharani Yesubai's Love Story |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/bollywood/chhaava-first-song-jaane-tu-out-ar-rahman-arijit-singhs-romantic-track-ft-chhatrapati-maharaj-maharani-yesubais-love-story-article-117781889 |access-date=2025-01-31 |website=Times Now |language=en}}</ref>
|
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Sikandar (2025 film)|Sikandar]]''
|444
|"Hum Aapke Bina"
|[[Pritam]]
|[[Sameer Anjaan|Sameer]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-28 |title=Sikandar Song Hum Aapke Bina OUT: Arijit Singh Amps Up Salman Khan-Rashmika Mandanna Track With Majestic Voice |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/bollywood/sikandar-song-hum-aapke-bina-out-arijit-singh-amps-up-salman-khan-ashmika-mandanna-track-with-majestic-voice-article-119654501 |access-date=2025-04-02 |website=Times Now |language=en}}</ref>
|

|-
!scope="row"|''[[Sitaare Zameen Par]]''
|445
|"Sar Aankhon Pe Mere"
|[[Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy]]
|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|Shariva Parulkar
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pande |first=Shreyas |title='Sar Aankhon Pe Mere': Aamir Khan and Genelia Deshmukh bring up the blues in new song from Sitaare Zameen Par |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/hindi/news/2025/May/29/sar-aankhon-pe-mere-aamir-khan-and-genelia-deshmukh-bring-up-the-blues-in-new-song-from-sitaare-zameen-par |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250601030603/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/hindi/news/2025/May/29/sar-aankhon-pe-mere-aamir-khan-and-genelia-deshmukh-bring-up-the-blues-in-new-song-from-sitaare-zameen-par |archive-date=1 June 2025 |access-date=9 July 2025 |work=[[Cinema Express]]}}</ref>
|
|-
!scope="row" rowspan =4|''[[Metro... In Dino]]''
|446
|"Zamaana Lage"
|rowspan=4|[[Pritam]]
|Qaisar Ul Jafri, Sandeep Shrivastava
|Shashwat Singh
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Yount |first=Stacey |date=2025-05-24 |title=First look: Teaser for Pritam's 'Zamaana Lage' sung by Arijit Singh from Metro…इन दिनों is poetry in song |url=https://bollyspice.com/first-look-teaser-for-pritams-zamaana-lage-sung-by-arijit-singh-from-metro-%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82-is-poetry-in-song/ |access-date=2025-05-26 |website=BollySpice.com - The latest movies, interviews in Bollywood |language=en-US}}</ref>
|
|-
|447
|"Aur Mohabbat Kitni Karoon"
|Sandeep Shrivastava
|
|<ref>{{cite news |title=Aur Mohabbat Kitni Karoon: The Soulful New Track From Metro…In Dino Captures Love Without Words |url=https://www.filmfare.com/news/bollywood/aur-mohabbat-kitni-karoon-the-soulful-new-track-from-metroin-dino-captures-love-without-words-74926.html |access-date=21 June 2025 |work=[[Filmfare]] |date=20 June 2025}}</ref>
|
|-
|448
|"Mausam"
|Qaisar Ul Jafri, Sandeep Shrivastava
|
|
|
|-
|449
|"Qayde Se"
|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|
|
|
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Saiyaara (soundtrack)|Saiyaara]]''
|450
|"Dhun"
| colspan="2"|[[Mithoon]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 July 2025 |title=Yash Raj Films drops the collab of the year! Mohit Suri, Mithoon and Arijit Singh reunite for Saiyaara's new song Dhun |url=https://www.yashrajfilms.com/news/detail/2025/07/01/yash-raj-films-drops-the-collab-of-the-year-mohit-suri-mithoon-and-arijit-singh-reunite-for-saiyaaras-new-song-dhun |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250701074258/https://www.yashrajfilms.com/news/detail/2025/07/01/yash-raj-films-drops-the-collab-of-the-year-mohit-suri-mithoon-and-arijit-singh-reunite-for-saiyaaras-new-song-dhun |archive-date=1 July 2025 |website=[[Yash Raj Films]]}}</ref>
|
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Dhadak 2]]''
|451
|"Duniya Alag"
|[[Shreyas Puranik]]
|[[Siddharth–Garima]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=27 July 2025 |title=After Chartbusters Bas Ek Dhadak and Preet Re, It's Time for Arijit Singh's Magic in Dhadak 2 With Duniya Alag – |url=https://www.movietalkies.com/news/its-arijit-singh-magic-in-dhadak-2-with-duniya-alag-9541648 |access-date=27 July 2025 |work=Movietalkies}}</ref>
|
|-
!scope="row"|''[[War 2 (film)|War 2]]''
|452
|"Aavan Jaavan"
|[[Pritam]]
|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|[[Nikhita Gandhi]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-07-29 |title=War 2: Hrithik Roshan, Kiara Advani Look Sizzling In First Pic Of Song 'Aavan Jaavan' |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/bollywood/war-2-hrithik-roshan-kiara-advani-look-sizzling-in-first-pic-of-song-aavan-jaavan-ws-l-9470796.html |access-date=2025-07-29 |language=en |work=News18}}</ref>
|
|-
!scope="row" rowspan =2|''[[Aabeer Gulaal]]''
|453
|"Khudaya Ishq"
|rowspan=2|[[Amit Trivedi]]
|rowspan=2|[[Kumaar]]
|[[Shilpa Rao]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-19 |title=Arijit Singh lends soulful voice to Fawad Khan, Vaani Kapoor-starrer 'Khudaya Ishq' song, check out |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/arijit-singh-lends-soulful-voice-to-fawad-khan-vaani-kapoor-starrer-khudaya-ishq-song-check-out/articleshow/120283897.cms |access-date=2025-04-20 |website=Times of India |language=en}}</ref>
|
|-
|454
|"Doriyaan"
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ajeeb-O-Gareeb Song: Arijit Singh's Soulful Voice In Aaman Devgan & Rasha Thadani's Azaad Track Will Leave You Spellbound |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/entertainment/ajeeb-o-gareeb-song-arijit-singhs-soulful-voice-in-aaman-devgan-rasha-thadanis-azaad-track-will-leave-you-spellbound |access-date=2025-01-10 |website=Free Press Journal |language=en}}</ref>
|
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Nishaanchi]]''
|455
|"Birwa"
|[[Anurag Saikia]]
|Dr Sagar
|
|
|
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Sunny Sanskari Ki Tulsi Kumari]]''
|456
|"Tumse Behtar"
|[[Tanishk Bagchi]]
|[[Manoj Muntashir]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 September 2025 |title='Tumse Behtar' from Sunny Sanskari Ki Tulsi Kumari is out now: Arijit Singh brings the ache of heartbreak alive |url=https://mirchi.in/stories/music/tumse-behtar-from-sunny-sanskari-ki-tulsi-kumari-is-out-now-arijit-singh-brings-the-ache-of-heartbreak-alive/152919637 |access-date=8 October 2025 |website=mirchi.in}}</ref>
|
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Ek Deewane Ki Deewaniyat]]''
|457
|"Mera Hua" (Arijit Singh)
|Annkur R Pathakk
|Sachin Urmtosh
|
|
|
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Gustaakh Ishq]]''
|458
|"Aap Is Dhoop Mein"
|[[Vishal Bharadwaj]]
|[[Gulzar]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mishra |first=Khushi |date=7 October 2025 |title=‘Gustaakh Ishq’ Song: ‘Aap Is Dhoop Mein’ Song From Manish Malhotra’s Maiden Production Is Out Now |url=https://www.filmibeat.com/bollywood/news/2025/gustaakh-ishq-song-aap-is-dhoop-mein-song-from-manish-malhotra-s-maiden-production-is-out-now-483221.html |access-date=8 October 2025 |work=[[Filmibeat]]}}</ref>
|
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Tere Ishk Mein]]''
|459
|"Tere Ishk Mein"
|[[A. R. Rahman|A.R Rahman]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Irshad Kamil]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=''Tere Ishk Main'': Dhanush’s heartbreak captured in the title song, Arijit Singh’s melody wins fans |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/tere-ishq-main-dhanushs-heartbreak-captured-in-the-title-song-arijit-singhs-melody-wins-fans/articleshow/124660929.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251018173959/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/tere-ishq-main-dhanushs-heartbreak-captured-in-the-title-song-arijit-singhs-melody-wins-fans/articleshow/124660929.cms |archive-date=18 October 2025 |access-date=18 October 2025 |work=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>
|
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Dhurandhar (soundtrack)|Dhurandhar]]''
|460
|"Gehra Hua"
|[[Shashwat Sachdev]]
| Armaan Khan
|<ref>{{Cite news |title="Gehra Hua" from Dhurandhar featuring Arijit Singh's vocals out |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/hindi/news/2025/Nov/28/gehra-hua-from-dhurandhar-featuring-arijit-singhs-vocals-out |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251215030513/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/hindi/news/2025/Nov/28/gehra-hua-from-dhurandhar-featuring-arijit-singhs-vocals-out |archive-date=15 December 2025 |access-date=15 December 2025 |work=[[Cinema Express]]}}</ref>
|
|}
=== Non-film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
! scope="col" style="width:24%;" | TV Series/Album
! No.
! scope="col" style="width:23%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Note
|-
|''Angels for Each Other''
|56
|"Angels for Each Other"
| rowspan="2" |[[Martin Garrix]]
|[[Arijit Singh]], Juno, Martin Garrix, Michel Zitron, Bono, Shaun Farrugia, Simon Carmody
| rowspan="2" |[[Martin Garrix]]
|—
|-
|''Weightless''
|57
|"Weightless"
|[[Arijit Singh|Arjiit Singh]], Juno, Martin Garrix, Paul David Hewson, Benson Boone, Giorgio Tuinfort, Simon Carmody
|—
|-
|''Jaaniya''
|58
|"Jaaniya"
|Raajeev V Bhalla
|Akshay K Saxena
|—
|Song recorded in 2013
|-
| rowspan="2" |''[[Play (Ed Sheeran album)|Play]]''
|59
|"[[Sapphire (song)|Sapphire]]"
| rowspan="2" |[[Ed Sheeran]], [[Arijit Singh]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Ed Sheeran]], [[Ilya Salmanzadeh]], [[Johnny McDaid]], [[Savan Kotecha]], [[Mayur Puri]], [[Arijit Singh]], Avinash Chouhan
|—
|Singh has sung the Punjabi portion of the song
|-
|60
|"Sapphire feat. Arijit Singh"
|—
|Extended version features additional vocals by Singh compared to the previous release.
|-
|''Barkha''
|61
|"Barkha"
|[[Arijit Singh]]
|[[Irshad Kamil]]
|—
|Earlier, the female version was sung by [[Sunidhi Chauhan]]
|-
|''Dhul Gaye''
|62
|"Dhul Gaye"
|[[Arjuna Harjai]]
|[[Surabhi Dashputra]]
|—
|—
|-
| rowspan="2" |''[[The Ba***ds of Bollywood]]''
|63
|"Badli Si Hawa Hai"
|[[Anirudh Ravichander]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Kumaar]]
|Amira Gill
|—
|-
|64
|"Tu Pehli Tu Aakhri"
|[[Shashwat Sachdev]]
|—
|—
|-
|''Bhoomi''
|65
|"Sukoon"
|[[Salim–Sulaiman]]
|[[Shraddha Pandit]]
|—
|The Bhoomi series, released on the duo's label, Merchant Records, supports independent artists and offers them a platform to collaborate and share their music.
|-
|''Fitratein''
|66
|"Fitratein"
|Ronak Phukan
|Syed Amir Hussain, Soham Majumdar
|—
|—
|}

== 2026 ==
=== Film songs ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|style="background:#ffc" |
| Denotes films that have not yet been released
|}

{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
|-
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Film
! scope="col" style="width:4%;" | No.
! scope="col" style="width:14%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:2%;" | Ref.
! scope="col" style="width:12%;" | Note
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Ikkis]]''
|461
|"Sitaare"
|White Noise Collectives
|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=3 December 2025 |title="Sitaare" song from 'Ikkis' out now |url=https://www.aninews.in/news/entertainment/bollywood/sitaare-song-from-ikkis-out-now20251203230357 |url-status=live |access-date=4 December 2025 |work=[[Asian News International]]}}</ref>
|
|-
!scope="row"| ''[[Border 2 (soundtrack)|Border 2]]''
|462
|"Ghar Kab Aaoge"
|[[Anu Malik]], [[Mithoon]]
|[[Javed Akhtar]], [[Manoj Muntashir]]
|[[Sonu Nigam]], [[Vishal Mishra (composer) | Vishal Mishra]], [[Diljit Dosanjh]], [[Roopkumar Rathod]]
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=Border 2 song Ghar Kab Aaoge— Arijit Singh, Diljit Dosanjh and Vishal Mishra’s recreation tugs at heartstrings. |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/border-2-song-ghar-kab-aaoge-arijit-singh-diljit-dosanjh-vishal-mishra-10451838/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260102150916/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/border-2-song-ghar-kab-aaoge-arijit-singh-diljit-dosanjh-vishal-mishra-10451838/ |archive-date=2 January 2026 |access-date=11 January 2026 |work=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref>
|
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Gandhi Talks]]''
|463
|"Sunhari Kirne" (Hindi)
|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|Sameer Samant
|
|<ref>{{Cite news |last=Singh |first=Alakshendra |title=Gandhi Talks’ Sunhari Kirne— AR Rahman and Arijit Singh collaborate for a safe, soothing and simple song |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/music/gandhi-talks-sunhari-kirne-ar-rahman-arijit-singh-collaborate-for-a-safe-soothing-simple-song-10471739/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260114050512/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/music/gandhi-talks-sunhari-kirne-ar-rahman-arijit-singh-collaborate-for-a-safe-soothing-simple-song-10471739/ |archive-date=14 January 2026 |access-date=14 January 2026 |work=[[The Indian Express]] |url-status=live }}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="3" scope="row" |''[[O'Romeo (soundtrack)|O'Romeo]]''
|464
|"Hum To Tere Hi Liye The"
| rowspan="3" |[[Vishal Bhardwaj]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Gulzar]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-01-16 |title=O Romeo song Hum To Tere Hi Liye: Arijit Singh's vocals in Shahid Kapoor, Triptii Dimri film mesmerise fans |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/o-romeo-song-hum-to-tere-hi-liye-arijit-singhs-vocals-in-shahid-kapoor-tripti-dimri-film-mesmerise-fans-101768565887201.html |access-date=2026-01-16 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref>
|
|-
|465
|"Ishq Ka Fever"
|
|
|
|-
|466
|"O' Romeo"
|
|
|
|-
!scope="row" |''[[Dhurandhar: The Revenge (soundtrack)|Dhurandhar: The Revenge]]''
|467
|"Phir Se"
|[[Shashwat Sachdev]]
|[[Irshad Kamil]]
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Das |first=Santanu |date=March 19, 2026 |title=Dhurandhar 2 song Phir Se out: Fans react to Arijit Singh track, share how its placement in the film left them emotional |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/music/dhurandhar-2-song-phir-se-out-fans-react-to-arijit-singh-track-ranveer-singh-jaskirat-singh-rangi-aditya-dhar-101773922925542.html |access-date=2026-03-19 |website=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en}}</ref>
|
|-
!scope="row"|''[[Bhooth Bangla]]''
|468
|"Tu Hi Disda"
|[[Pritam]]
|[[Kumaar]]
|[[Nikhita Gandhi]]
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 March 2026 |last=Khan |first=Lubna |title=Bhooth Bangla Song Tu Hi Disda Out: Akshay Kumar Calls Collaboration With Arijit Singh 'Special' |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/bollywood/bhooth-bangla-song-tu-hi-disda-out-akshay-kumar-calls-collaboration-with-arijit-singh-special-ws-kl-9994193.html |website=[[News18 India]] |access-date=24 March 2026}}</ref>
|
|-
! rowspan="5" scope="row" |''[[Ek Din]]''
|469
|"Ek Din Title Track"
| rowspan="5" |[[Ram Sampath]]
| rowspan="5" |[[Irshad Kamil]]
|
|
|
|-
|470
|"Khwaab Dekhoon"
|Tarannum Malik Jain
|
|
|-
|471
|"Konichiwa"
|Neha Karode, Rishi Singh
|
|
|-
|472
|"Behke Yaar"
|[[Meghna Mishra]]
|
|
|-
|473
|"Tadapnaa Judaa Judaa"
|
|
|
|-
| style="background:#ffc" |''Cocktail 2''
|474
|"Jab Talak"
|[[Pritam]]
|[[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]
|Akasa, [[Madhubanti Bagchi]]
|
|
|-
| style="background:#ffc" |''Maatrubhumi''
|475
|"Maatrubhumi"
|[[Himesh Reshammiya]]
|[[Sameer Anjaan]]
|[[Shreya Ghoshal]], Master Mani Dharamkot
|<ref>{{Cite news |title=Salman Khan’s Battle of Galwan drops first song "Maatrubhumi" fans disappointed with his performance. Watch |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/salman-khan-battle-of-galwan-song-maatrubhumi-disappointed-performance-watch-10492209/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260124125551/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/bollywood/salman-khan-battle-of-galwan-song-maatrubhumi-disappointed-performance-watch-10492209/ |archive-date=24 January 2026 |access-date=24 January 2026 |work=[[The Indian Express]]}}</ref>
|
|}

=== Non-film songs ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="width:100%;"
! scope="col" style="width:24%;" | TV Series/Album
! No.
! scope="col" style="width:23%;" | Song
! scope="col" style="width:20%;" | Composer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:16%;" | Writer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Co-Singer(s)
! scope="col" style="width:18%;" | Note
|-
|''Sukoon 2.0''
|67
|"Sukoon 2.0"
|rowspan="2" |[[Salim-Sulaiman]]
|[[Shraddha Pandit]]
|—
|—
|-
|''Into You''
|68
|"Into You"
|Shraddha Pandit, Shivansh Jindal
|Ananya Sharma
|—
|-
|''Echoes Of Us''
|69
|"Tere Sang"
|Vaishnavi Sharma
| colspan="2" |Iulia Vantur
|Short Film
|-
|''Oh Shiv Mere''
|70
|"Oh Shiv Mere"
|Mandeep Panghal
|[[Kumaar]]
|—
|—
|-
|''RAINA''
|71
|"RAINA"
|[[Shekhar Ravjiani]]
|[[Priya Saraiya]]
|—
|—
|-
|''Laiyaan''
|72
|"Laiyaan"
|Rutvik Talashilkar, Harjot Kaur
|Youngveer
|Ruaa Kayy, RUTVXK
|—
|-
|''Ya Tum''
|73
|"Ya Tum"
|[[Prajakta Shukre]]
|[[Manan Bhardwaj]]
|—
|—
|}

== References ==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Singh, Arijit}}
[[Category:Lists of songs recorded by Indian singers]]
[[Category:Arijit Singh songs|*]]

Taldangra Assembly constituency

2026-05-05T01:26:22Z

AnnettaCastanon: Added Stub

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name = Taldangra
| type = SLA
| map_image = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=y|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|from=Vidhan Sabha constituencies/West Bengal/Taldangra.map}}
| map_caption = Interactive Map Outlining Taldangra Assembly Constituency
| map_alt =
| mla = [[Souvik Patra]]
| party =
| alliance =
| latest_election_year =
| state = [[West Bengal]]
| district = [[Bankura district|Bankura]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Bankura (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bankura]]
| constituency_no = 251
| established = 1951
| electors = 179,693
| reservation = None
| abolished =
}}

'''Taldangra Assembly constituency''' is an [[Vidhan Sabha|assembly]] constituency in [[Bankura district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

==Overview==
As per orders of the Delimitation Commission, No. 251 Taldangra Assembly constituency is composed of the following: Bibarda, Fulmati, Harmasra, Khalgram, Panchmura and Taldangra [[gram panchayat]]s of [[Taldangra (community development block)|Taldangra]] [[Community Development Block in India|community development block]]; Brojarajpur and Gaurbazar gram panchayats of [[Indpur (community development block)|Indpur]] community development block; and [[Simlapal (community development block)|Simlapal]] community development block.<ref name=delimitation>{{cite web | url = http://ceowestbengal.nic.in/news_pdf/gazette123.pdf | title = Delimitation Commission Order No. 18 dated 15 February 2006 | access-date = 2011-04-03 | publisher = Government of West Bengal | url-status=dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100918130255/http://ceowestbengal.nic.in/news_pdf/gazette123.pdf | archive-date = 18 September 2010 }}</ref>

Taldangra Assembly constituency is part of No. 36 [[Bankura (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref name=delimitation/>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Election
!Member
!colspan=2|Party
|-
|[[2011 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2011]]
|Manoranjan Patra
|{{Full party name with color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)|dab=yes}}
|-
|[[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2016]]
|[[Samir Chakraborty]]
|{{Full party name with color|rowspan=3|Trinamool Congress}}
|-
|[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2021]]
|[[Arup Chakraborty (politician)|Arup Chakraborty]]
|-
|[[2024 elections in India|2024]]
|[[Falguni Singhababu]]
|-
|[[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|2026]]
|[[Souvik Patra]]
|{{Full party name with color|rowspan=3|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|}

== Election results ==

===2026===
{{Election box begin|title=[[2026 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]]: Taldangra}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Falguni Singhababu aka Bali Falguni|party=Trinamool Congress|votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Souvik Patra]]|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Debkanti Mahanti|party=Left Front (West Bengal)|votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}

{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=|party=Indian National Congress|votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[None of the above (India)|None of the above]]|party=None of the above (India)|votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box majority||votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box turnout||votes={{formatnum:}}|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner =
|loser =
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2024 by-election===
{{Election box begin
| title=[[2024 elections in India#West_Bengal|2024 West Bengal Legislative Assembly by-election]]: Taldangra<ref name="West Bengal bypolls: Trinamool Congress sweeps bypolls in six Assembly seats">{{cite news |last1=The Hindu |first1= |title=West Bengal bypolls: Trinamool Congress sweeps bypolls in six Assembly seats |url=https://www.thehindu.com/elections/west-bengal-bypolls-trinamool-congress-dominates-retains-4-seats-wrests-one-from-bjp/article68901894.ece |access-date=23 November 2024 |date=23 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241123144039/https://www.thehindu.com/elections/west-bengal-bypolls-trinamool-congress-dominates-retains-4-seats-wrests-one-from-bjp/article68901894.ece |archive-date=23 November 2024 |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref name="Taldangra Assembly constituency 2024 By Poll Result">{{cite news |title=Taldangra Assembly constituency 2024 By Poll Result |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcByeNov2024/candidateswise-S25251.htm |accessdate=25 July 2025 |work= |publisher=[[Election Commission of India|ECI]] |date=24 November 2024 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20250725145800/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcByeNov2024/candidateswise-S25251.htm|archivedate=25 July 2025 |language=en}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Falguni Singhababu]]
|votes = 98,926
|percentage = 52.00
|change = {{increase}}5.98
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Bharatiya Janata Party|candidate=Ananya Roy Chakraborty|votes=64,844|percentage=34.12|change={{decrease}}5.76}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Communist Party of India (Marxist)|candidate=Debkanti Mahanti|votes=19,430|percentage=10.23|change={{decrease}}1.38}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Tushar Kanti Sannigrahi|party=Indian National Congress|votes=2822|percentage=1.42|change=''New''}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|candidate=[[None of the above]]|party=None of the above (India)|votes=2,446|percentage=1.29|change=}}
{{Election box majority|votes=34,082|percentage=40.5|change=}}
{{Election box turnout|votes=188,468|percentage=|change=}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Trinamool Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2021===
In the [[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election]] Arup Chakraborty of [[All India Trinamool Congress|AITC]] won the Taldangra assembly seat defeating Shyamal Kumar Sarkar of [[BJP]].
{{Election box begin | title=[[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections, 2021]]: Taldangra}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = [[Arup Chakraborty (politician)|Arup Chakraborty]]
|votes = 92,026
|percentage = 46.1
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Shyamal Kumar Sarkar (BENU)
|votes = 79,649
|percentage = 39.9
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Manoranjan Patra
|votes = 23,189
|percentage = 11.6
|change =
}}

{{Election box turnout
|votes = 1,99,668
|percentage = 90.29
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2016===
In the 2016 state assembly elections, Samir Chakraborty of [[All India Trinamool Congress]] won the Taldangra assembly seat defeating his nearest rivals Amia Patra of [[CPI(M)]].
{{Election box begin | title=[[2016 West Bengal state assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections, 2016]]: Taldangra}}

{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = All India Trinamool Congress
|candidate = Samir Chakraborty
|votes = 87,236
|percentage = 48.40
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Amiya Patra
|votes = 73,567
|percentage = 40.08
|change =
}}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Mahadeb Khan
|votes = 11,741
|percentage = 6.50
|change =
}}

{{Election box turnout
|votes = 1,80,192
|percentage = 87.10
|change =
}}
{{Election box gain with party link
|winner = All India Trinamool Congress
|loser = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}

===2011===
{{Election box begin | title=[[2011 West Bengal state assembly election|West Bengal assembly elections, 2011]]: Taldangra<ref>{{cite web |url = http://eciresults.nic.in/ConstituencywiseS25251.htm |title = Taldangra |work = Assembly Elections May 2011 Results |publisher = Election Commission of India |access-date = 2011-05-22 }}{{Dead link|date=July 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=251| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120526072350/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/constituency.aspx?eid=736&cid=251| url-status = usurped| archive-date = 26 May 2012|title = West Bengal Assembly Election 2011 |work = Taldangra | publisher =Empowering India |access-date = 2011-05-06 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.ceowestbengal.nic.in/mis_pdf/election_2011/canddtl_6th_phase.pdf |title = West Bengal Assembly Election 2011 |work = Taldangra |publisher = Election Commission of India |access-date = 2011-05-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110912030813/http://www.ceowestbengal.nic.in/mis_pdf/election_2011/canddtl_6th_phase.pdf |archive-date = 2011-09-12 }}</ref> }}

{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|candidate = Monoranjan Patra
|votes = 74,779
|percentage = 47.59
|change = -13.87
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Indian National Congress
|candidate = Arun Kumar Pathak
|votes = 67,614
|percentage = 43.03
|change = +10.58#
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Bharatiya Janata Party
|candidate = Milan Singha Mahapatra
|votes = 6,110
|percentage = 3.89
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Jharkhand Disom Party
|candidate = Dulal Saren
|votes = 4,098
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Jharkhand Anushilan Party
|candidate = Uzzwal Singha
|votes = 1,810
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Socialist Unity Centre of India
|candidate = Kabita Singha Babu
|votes = 1,564
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik)
|candidate = Kalipada Hembram
|votes = 1,157
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 157,132
|percentage = 87.44
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link
|winner = Communist Party of India (Marxist)
|swing = -24.45#
}}
{{Election box end}}
.# Swing calculated on Congress+Trinamool Congress vote percentages taken together in 2006.

===1977-2006===
In the [[2006 West Bengal state assembly election|2006]], 2001 and 1996 state assembly elections, Manoranjan Patra of [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] won the Taldangra assembly seat defeating his nearest rivals Manik Mitra of [[All India Trinamool Congress|Trinamool Congress]], Dilip Panda of Trinamool Congress and Debaprasad Singha Barathakur of [[Indian National Congress|Congress]], respectively. Contests in most years were multi cornered but only winners and runners are being mentioned. Amiya Patra of CPI(M) defeated Phani Bhusan Singhababu of Congress in 1991 and Amit Chatterjee of Congress in 1987. Mohini Mohan Panda of CPI(M) defeated Kalyani Prasad Singha Choudhury of Congress in 1982 and Phani Bhusan Singhababu of Congress in 1977.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://eci.nic.in/archive/ElectionAnalysis/AE/S25/Partycomp244.htm |title = 244 - Taldangra Assembly Constituency |work = Partywise Comparison Since 1977 | publisher = Election Commission of India|access-date = 2011-04-03 }}</ref>

===1952-1972===
Phani Bhusan Singhababu of Congress won in 1972. Mohini Mohan Panda of CPI(M) won in 1971 and 1969. Purabi Mukhopadhyay of Congress won in 1967 and [[1962 West Bengal state assembly election|1962]]. In [[1957 West Bengal state assembly election|1957]] there was no seat at Taldangra. Purabi Mukhopadhyay of Congress won the Taldangra seat in [[1952 West Bengal state assembly election|independent India's first election in 1952]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/statisticalreports/electionstatistics.asp | title = Statistical Reports of Assembly Elections | access-date = 2011-04-03 | work = General Election Results and Statistics | publisher = Election Commission of India | url-status=dead | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101005110118/http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/ElectionStatistics.asp | archive-date = 2010-10-05 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Bankura topics}}
{{Vidhan Sabha constituencies of West Bengal}}

{{West Bengal elections}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Politics of Bankura district]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1951]]
[[Category:1951 establishments in West Bengal]]

Varanasi (film)

2026-05-03T16:13:51Z

AnnettaCastanon: Added New Data

{{Short description|Upcoming film by S. S. Rajamouli}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2025}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Use list-defined references|date=November 2025}}
{{Infobox film
| image = Varanasi (2027 film) poster.jpg
| caption = Promotional poster
| native_name =
| director = [[S. S. Rajamouli]]
| producer = K. L. Narayana S. S. Karthikeya
| screenplay = S. S. Rajamouli
| story = {{Plain list|
* [[V. Vijayendra Prasad]]
* [[S. S. Kanchi]]
}}
{{Infobox
| decat = yes
| child = yes
| label1= Dialogues by
| data1 = {{ubl |[[Deva Katta]]}}
}}
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* [[Mahesh Babu]]
* [[Priyanka Chopra]]
* [[Prithviraj Sukumaran]]
}}
| cinematography = [[P. S. Vinod]]
{{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes
| label1= Visual effects by
| data1 = [[V. Srinivas Mohan]]
}}
| editing = Bikkina Thammiraju
| music = [[M. M. Keeravani]]
| studio = Sri Durga Arts Showing Business
| distributor =
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2027|04|07}}
| country = India
| language = Telugu
| budget = {{INR| 1,400 crore}}<ref name="VarietyFeb2026" />
}}

'''''Varanasi''''' (titled onscreen as '''''S. S. Rajamouli's Vāranāsi''''')<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-12-01 |title='Varanasi' title: SS Rajamouli–Mahesh Babu's film to be renamed for Telugu release after title ownership dispute - Report |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/varanasi-title-ss-rajamoulimahesh-babus-film-to-be-renamed-for-telugu-release-after-title-ownership-dispute-report/articleshow/125690340.cms |access-date=2025-12-05 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=5 December 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251205134039/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/varanasi-title-ss-rajamoulimahesh-babus-film-to-be-renamed-for-telugu-release-after-title-ownership-dispute-report/articleshow/125690340.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="TD"/> is an upcoming Indian [[Telugu cinema|Telugu]]-language [[Epic film|epic]] [[adventure film|action-adventure]] film<ref>{{Cite news |date=November 18, 2025 |title=Is SS Rajamouli, Mahesh Babu's Varanasi inspired by the Ramayana? Full cast, teaser, plot and first look |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/varanasi-ss-rajamouli-confirms-a-major-sequence-in-mahesh-babus-film-is-inspired-by-the-ramayana-full-cast-teaser-plot-first-looks/articleshow/125359874.cms |work=[[The Economic Times]] |archive-date=18 November 2025 |access-date=24 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251118200716/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/varanasi-ss-rajamouli-confirms-a-major-sequence-in-mahesh-babus-film-is-inspired-by-the-ramayana-full-cast-teaser-plot-first-looks/articleshow/125359874.cms |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-03-24 |title=The epic sets of S.S. Rajamouli's historical drama, 'Varanasi' |url=https://ca.news.yahoo.com/epic-sets-rajamoulis-historical-drama-160104522.html |access-date=2026-04-27 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-CA}}</ref> directed by [[S. S. Rajamouli]], who co-wrote the film with [[V. Vijayendra Prasad]] and [[S. S. Kanchi]]. Produced by Sri Durga Arts and Showing Business, the film stars [[Mahesh Babu]], [[Priyanka Chopra]] and [[Prithviraj Sukumaran]]. The plot follows the adventures of Rudhra (Babu) as the city of [[Varanasi]] faces the impending arrival of an asteroid, with the narrative spanning across several timelines.

Rajamouli conceived the film as a globetrotting adventure rooted in [[Culture of India|Indian cultural]] themes, drawing inspiration from the structure and emotional tone of classic adventure cinema.{{Efn|Rajamouli mentioned the ''[[Indiana Jones]]'' franchise, especially ''[[Raiders of the Lost Ark]]'', as the inspiration.}} Initial discussions for a collaboration with Mahesh Babu began in 2010, but the project materialised only after the completion of ''[[RRR]]'' (2022). The film was formally launched in January 2025, and [[principal photography]] commenced the following month in [[Hyderabad]]. Filming took place extensively in Hyderabad, in addition to [[Odisha]] and [[Kenya]]. It is also the first Indian film and the fourth film in the world to shoot in [[Antarctica]].<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |last=Hungama |first=Bollywood |date=2 March 2026 |title=Mahesh Babu, Priyanka Chopra Jonas starrer Varanasi becomes first Indian film shot in Antarctica; makers to shoot at Ross Ice Shelf |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopra-jonas-starrer-varanasi-becomes-first-indian-film-shot-antarctica-creates-history-ross-ice-shelf/ |url-status=live |access-date=6 March 2026 |language=en |archive-date=7 March 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260307002012/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopra-jonas-starrer-varanasi-becomes-first-indian-film-shot-antarctica-creates-history-ross-ice-shelf/ }}</ref> With an estimated budget of {{INR|1,400 crore}}, it is set to become one of the [[List of most expensive Indian films|most expensive Indian films]] ever made. The film has music composed by [[M. M. Keeravani]], cinematography by [[P. S. Vinod]], and [[visual effects]] by [[V. Srinivas Mohan]].

''Varanasi'' is scheduled to be theatrically released on 7 April 2027, coinciding with the festival of [[Ugadi]]. It is the first Indian film as well as the first non-English language film to be shot in the [[IMAX|1.43:1 IMAX format]].

== Premise ==
''Varanasi'' follows the adventures of Rudhra as the city of [[Varanasi]] in India faces the impending threat of an asteroid. The narrative moves across multiple [[yugas]] — from [[Treta Yuga]] to [[Kali Yuga]] — and also spans across continents, from [[Africa]] to [[Antarctica]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rajamouli’s Varanasi on the lines of Kalki|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/tabloid/hyderabad-chronicle/rajamoulis-varanasi-on-the-lines-of-kalki-1933779|website=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|date=2026-01-30|access-date=1 May 2026|language=|first=Puja|last=Talwar}}</ref>

== Cast ==
* [[Mahesh Babu]] in a [[dual role]] as
** Rudhra
** [[Lord Rama]]{{Efn|Attributed to multiple references: <ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-11-16 |title=SS Rajamouli says he had goosebumps seeing Mahesh Babu as Lord Rama during Varanasi: 'I set that photo as my wallpaper' |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/ss-rajamouli-says-he-had-goosebumps-seeing-mahesh-babu-as-lord-rama-during-varanasi-i-set-that-photo-as-my-wallpaper-101763276117735.html |access-date=2025-11-16 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Entertainment Desk |date=2025-11-16 |title=SS Rajamouli says a sequence of Varanasi is inspired by Ramayana: 'Mahesh Babu has charm of Krishna but calmness of Rama...' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/telugu/ss-rajamouli-says-a-sequence-of-varanasi-is-inspired-by-the-ramayana-mahesh-babu-has-charm-of-krishna-10368511/ |access-date=2025-11-16 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kavirayani |first=Suresh |date=2025-11-10 |title=Mahesh Babu at Varanasi event: My father always wanted me to do a mythological film |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2025/Nov/15/mahesh-babu-at-varanasi-event-my-father-always-wanted-me-to-do-a-mythological-film |access-date=2025-11-16 |website=Cinema Express |language=en |archive-date=16 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251116230902/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2025/Nov/15/mahesh-babu-at-varanasi-event-my-father-always-wanted-me-to-do-a-mythological-film |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bharat |first=E. T. V. |date=2025-11-16 |title=Mahesh Babu Fulfils His Father's Last Wish Through Varanasi As Rajamouli Recalls Goosebump Ramayana Sequence |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/en/entertainment/mahesh-babu-fulfils-his-fathers-last-wish-through-varanasi-as-rajamouli-recalls-goosebump-ramayana-sequence-enn25111600706 |access-date=2025-11-16 |website=ETV Bharat News |language=en |archive-date=18 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251118033036/https://www.etvbharat.com/en/entertainment/mahesh-babu-fulfils-his-fathers-last-wish-through-varanasi-as-rajamouli-recalls-goosebump-ramayana-sequence-enn25111600706 |url-status=live }}</ref>}}
* [[Priyanka Chopra]] as Mandakini
* [[Prithviraj Sukumaran]] as Kumbha
* [[Prakash Raj]]

== Production ==
=== Development ===
Initial discussions for director [[S. S. Rajamouli]]{{'s}} first collaboration with actor [[Mahesh Babu]] date back to 2010, though the project underwent several delays due to unspecified reasons.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2015-07-06 |title=Rajamouli, Mahesh Babu to team up for an old Telugu project |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/rajamouli-mahesh-babu-to-team-up-for-an-old-telugu-project/story-k1xbaCh9FWHU0Ule6a7uWP.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427105850/http://www.hindustantimes.com/regional-movies/rajamouli-mahesh-babu-to-team-up-for-an-old-telugu-project/story-k1xbaCh9FWHU0Ule6a7uWP.html |archive-date=27 April 2016 |access-date=2025-03-10 |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2015-07-22|title=Telugu superstar Mahesh Babu on Srimanthudu, Baahubali and how he chooses his films|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/mahesh-babu-telugu-superstar-srimanthudu-trailer-baahubali-release-and-how-he-chooses-his-films-andhra-pradesh-mahesh-babu-politics-exclusive-interview-283941-2015-07-22|access-date=2025-03-10|website=[[India Today]]|language=en|archive-date=28 November 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251128195841/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/mahesh-babu-telugu-superstar-srimanthudu-trailer-baahubali-release-and-how-he-chooses-his-films-andhra-pradesh-mahesh-babu-politics-exclusive-interview-283941-2015-07-22|url-status=live}}</ref> During this period, K. L. Narayana's Sri Durga Arts was confirmed as the production banner attached to the film.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Tholeti |first1=Siddhartha |title=Rajamouli Honors His Ten-year Old Commitment|url=https://www.m9.news/movienews/rajamouli-honors-his-ten-year-old-commitment/ |website=M9 News |date=19 January 2023}}</ref> Following the success of [[Baahubali 2: The Conclusion|''Baahubali 2: The Conclusion'']] in 2017, it was reported that Rajamouli and Mahesh Babu would proceed with a film together, marking their maiden collaboration.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gossip Girl|date=2017-06-25|title=Mahesh Babu has no time for top director|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Cinema/2017-06-25/Mahesh-Babu-has-no-time-for-top-director/308616|access-date=2025-03-09|website=[[The Hans India]]|language=en|archive-date=29 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250329164331/https://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Cinema/2017-06-25/Mahesh-Babu-has-no-time-for-top-director/308616|url-status=live}}</ref> In October 2017, Rajamouli revealed in an interview with [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']] that he had two forthcoming projects in development: one to be produced by [[D. V. V. Danayya]] under DVV Entertainment and the other by Sri Durga Arts.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ramachandran |first=Naman|date=12 October 2017|title='Baahubali' Helmer Sets Next Two Films|url=https://variety.com/2017/film/asia/ss-rajamouli-bahhhubali-1202587970/|website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|access-date=12 October 2017|archive-date=4 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220404041044/https://variety.com/2017/film/asia/ss-rajamouli-bahhhubali-1202587970/|url-status=live}}</ref> Rajamouli chose to begin with the DVV Entertainment project, which ultimately became ''[[RRR]]'' (2022).<ref>{{Cite news|last=Digital Native|date=2018-05-09|title=SS Rajamouli's next film to be wrapped up in 18 months?|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/flix/ss-rajamouli-s-next-film-be-wrapped-18-months-80985|access-date=2024-08-10|work=[[The News Minute]]|language=en|archive-date=7 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250307013452/https://www.thenewsminute.com/flix/ss-rajamouli-s-next-film-be-wrapped-18-months-80985|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-01-31|title=BREAKING: Ram Charan and Jr NTR starrer RRR to release in theatres on March 25 : Bollywood News - Bollywood Hungama|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/breaking-ram-charan-jr-ntr-starrer-rrr-release-theatres-march-25/|access-date=2024-08-10|language=en|archive-date=1 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401072901/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/breaking-ram-charan-jr-ntr-starrer-rrr-release-theatres-march-25/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In April 2020, Rajamouli confirmed that the Sri Durga Arts project, featuring Mahesh in the lead, would commence production after the completion of ''RRR''. In June 2021, [[V. Vijayendra Prasad]], Rajamouli's father and co-writer, stated that the film was being conceived as an African forest adventure.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-06-07|title=SS Rajamouli and Mahesh Babu's Collaboration to Cross RRR's Rs 350 Crore Budget: Report|url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/ss-rajamouli-and-mahesh-babus-collaboration-to-cross-rrrs-350-crore-budget-report-3819434.html|access-date=2021-12-11|work=[[News18]]|language=en|archive-date=7 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250307013053/https://www.news18.com/news/movies/ss-rajamouli-and-mahesh-babus-collaboration-to-cross-rrrs-350-crore-budget-report-3819434.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In October 2021, Mahesh confirmed that filming would begin after he completed work on ''[[Guntur Kaaram]]'' (2024).<ref>{{Cite news|title=Mahesh Babu spills beans about his upcoming mammoth project with SS Rajamouli - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/mahesh-babu-spills-beans-about-his-upcoming-mammoth-project-with-ss-rajamouli/articleshow/87058521.cms|access-date=2021-12-11|website=[[The Times of India]]|date=16 October 2021|language=en|archive-date=7 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250307014812/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/mahesh-babu-spills-beans-about-his-upcoming-mammoth-project-with-ss-rajamouli/articleshow/87058521.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>

Describing the film as a "globetrotting action adventure" and a "[[James Bond]] or [[Indiana Jones (character)|Indiana Jones]]" [[Adventure film|adventure]], Rajamouli noted that it would follow the stylistic lines of [[Indiana Jones|''Indiana Jones'']] while retaining [[Culture of India|Indian cultural roots]]. K Vijayendra Prasad added that the film would incorporate emotional elements similar to [[Raiders of the Lost Ark|''Raiders of the Lost Ark'']] (1981).<ref>{{Cite web|title=SS Rajamouli’s work is heavily inspired by Indiana Jones|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/entertainment/ss-rajamoulis-work-is-heavily-inspired-by-indiana-jones-520614/|access-date=2025-03-11|website=[[The Tribune (India)|The Tribune]]|language=en|archive-date=12 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250312103347/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/entertainment/ss-rajamoulis-work-is-heavily-inspired-by-indiana-jones-520614/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-13 |title=SS Rajamouli and Mahesh Babu's film SSMB29 will be ‘A James Bond Classic With Indian Roots' |url=https://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/celebs/ss-rajamouli-and-mahesh-babus-film-ssmb29-will-be-a-james-bond-classic-with-indian-roots-579560.html |access-date=2025-11-25 |website=[[Indiatimes]] |language=en-IN |archive-date=29 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250429053224/https://www.indiatimes.com/entertainment/celebs/ss-rajamouli-and-mahesh-babus-film-ssmb29-will-be-a-james-bond-classic-with-indian-roots-579560.html |url-status=live }}</ref> It is also reported that the ancient city of [[Varanasi|Kasi]] forms a crucial part of the story.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-03-12 |title=SS Rajamouli's 'SSMB29' to feature Mahesh Babu, Priyanka Chopra, and Prithviraj Sukumaran in a grand jungle adventure |url=https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/ss-rajamoulis-ssmb29-to-feature-mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopra-and-prithviraj-sukumaran-in-a-grand-jungle-adventure/article69320286.ece |access-date=2025-03-12 |work=[[The Hindu]] |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X |archive-date=12 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250312185156/https://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/ss-rajamoulis-ssmb29-to-feature-mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopra-and-prithviraj-sukumaran-in-a-grand-jungle-adventure/article69320286.ece |url-status=live }}</ref> The film is made on a projected budget of {{INR|1,400 crore}}, which would make it the [[List of most expensive Indian films|most expensive Indian film]] to date,<ref name="VarietyFeb2026" /> with both Rajamouli and Babu reportedly taking the [[revenue sharing]] model to benefit the film's production; as per the basis, they would receive an advance, and 40% of the profits would be received as their remuneration.<ref>{{Cite news |title=SS Rajamouli and Mahesh Babu's 'SSMB29' epic to be a two-part film set for 2027 & 2029 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/ss-rajamouli-and-mahesh-babus-ssmb29-epic-to-be-a-two-part-film-set-for-2027-2029/articleshow/116872501.cms |access-date=2025-03-09 |work=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=29 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250329163640/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/ss-rajamouli-and-mahesh-babus-ssmb29-epic-to-be-a-two-part-film-set-for-2027-2029/articleshow/116872501.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> The film was popularly referred to in the media as {{abbreviation|''SSMB29''|Superstar Mahesh Babu's 29th film}}, as it is intended to be Babu's 29th film as a lead actor,<ref>{{Cite web |title=SSMB29: Marvel's Thor star Chris Hemsworth to make a cameo in SS Rajamouli's film with Mahesh Babu? |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-ssmb29-marvel-thor-star-chris-hemsworth-to-make-a-cameo-in-ss-rajamouli-film-with-mahesh-babu-2988091 |access-date=2025-04-20 |website=DNA India |language=en |archive-date=1 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250401151148/https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-ssmb29-marvel-thor-star-chris-hemsworth-to-make-a-cameo-in-ss-rajamouli-film-with-mahesh-babu-2988091 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-18 |title=PC in Hyd For 'SSMB29' Shoot |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/tabloid/hyderabad-chronicle/pc-in-hyd-for-ssmb29-shoot-1873674 |access-date=2025-04-20 |website=www.deccanchronicle.com |language=en |archive-date=20 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250420121638/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/tabloid/hyderabad-chronicle/pc-in-hyd-for-ssmb29-shoot-1873674 |url-status=live }}</ref> until the official title ''Varanasi'' was announced on 15 November 2025.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramachandran |first=Naman |date=2025-11-15 |title=Mahesh Babu, S.S. Rajamouli and Priyanka Chopra Jonas Epic Adventure Titled 'Varanasi,' First Footage Unveiled |url=https://variety.com/2025/film/news/mahesh-babu-ss-rajamouli-priyanka-chopra-jonas-epic-adventure-title-varanasi-1236582760/ |access-date=2025-11-16 |website=Variety |language=en-US |archive-date=16 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251116095756/https://variety.com/2025/film/news/mahesh-babu-ss-rajamouli-priyanka-chopra-jonas-epic-adventure-title-varanasi-1236582760/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Other [[working title]]s included ''GlobeTrotter'' and ''Gen 63'' (''Generation 63'').<ref>{{cite news |date=2025-06-18 |title=Rajamouli Builds Massive Varanasi Set In Hyderabad For Mahesh Babu Film |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/regional-cinema/rajamouli-builds-massive-varanasi-set-in-hyderabad-for-mahesh-babu-film-details-inside-ws-l-9387796.html |newspaper=[[News18]] |archive-date=21 July 2025 |access-date=25 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250721033807/https://www.news18.com/movies/regional-cinema/rajamouli-builds-massive-varanasi-set-in-hyderabad-for-mahesh-babu-film-details-inside-ws-l-9387796.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=2025-11-14 |title="During Varanasi release, entire India will be proud": Mahesh Babu |url=https://www.dtnext.in/entertainment/cinema/during-varanasi-release-entire-india-will-be-proud-mahesh-babu-853282 |work=[[DT Next]]}}</ref> A title dispute arose over the film because Rama Bramha Hanuma Creations, led by C.H. Subba Reddy, claimed to own the rights to the name (registered as ''Vaaranasi'') with the Telugu Film Producers’ Council since 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-11-19 |title=Title dispute erupts over Rajamouli-Mahesh Babu-Priyanka Chopra film |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/varanasi-title-dispute-rajamouli-rama-bramha-hanuma-creations-2822228-2025-11-19 |work=[[India Today]] |archive-date=19 November 2025 |access-date=19 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251119161036/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/varanasi-title-dispute-rajamouli-rama-bramha-hanuma-creations-2822228-2025-11-19 |url-status=live }}</ref> Rajamouli’s team used a slightly different spelling “''Vāranāsi''” when announcing the film, sparking questions about who legally owns the title.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-11-19 |title=Varanasi title dispute! Will SS Rajamouli rename Mahesh Babu-Priyanka Chopra's GlobeTrotter film? |url=https://odishatv.in/entertainment/varanasi-title-dispute-will-ss-rajamouli-rename-mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopras-globetrotter-film-10789707 |work=[[Odisha TV]] |archive-date=28 November 2025 |access-date=19 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251128031907/https://odishatv.in/entertainment/varanasi-title-dispute-will-ss-rajamouli-rename-mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopras-globetrotter-film-10789707 |url-status=live }}</ref> Later, the dispute was resolved after Telugu version's name was changed to "''Rajamouli's Varanasi''" while in other versions the name "''Varanasi''" was retained.<ref name="TD">{{cite web |last=Seta |first=Fenil |access-date=29 November 2025 |title=REVEALED: Varanasi title row resolved – Telugu version renamed Rajamouli’s Varanasi; original title retained for other versions |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/south-cinema/revealed-varanasi-title-row-resolved-telugu-version-renamed-rajamoulis-varanasi-original-title-retained-versions/ |work=Bollywood Hungama}}</ref>

=== Pre-production ===
The development of the story started in 2022 and took 2 years to complete.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-28 |title=SSMB 29: SS Rajamouli likely to begin shoot for Mahesh Babu starrer in January 2025, movie to be made on Rs 1000 crore budget? |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/ssmb-29-ss-rajamouli-likely-to-begin-shoot-for-mahesh-babu-starrer-in-january-2025-movie-to-be-made-on-rs-1000-crore-budget-1355675?amp |access-date=2025-01-03 |website=[[PINKVILLA]] |language=en}}</ref> In March 2024, Rajamouli and Prasad had completed the final draft of the script and the project moved into pre-production.<ref>{{Cite web |title=SS Rajamouli gives update on SSMB 29, spills beans on casting for Mahesh Babu film |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/ss-rajamouli-gives-update-on-ssmb-29-spills-beans-on-casting-for-mahesh-babu-film/a8d1323f5e105 |access-date=2025-01-03 |website=[[OTTPlay]] |archive-date=7 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250307022241/https://www.ottplay.com/news/ss-rajamouli-gives-update-on-ssmb-29-spills-beans-on-casting-for-mahesh-babu-film/a8d1323f5e105 |url-status=live }}</ref> In January 2024, Babu flew to [[Germany]] to undergo intense physical training as part of preparation for his role.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bharat |first=E. T. V. |date=2024-01-29 |title=SSMB29: Mahesh Babu Shares Glimpse of Intense Training Amid Germany's 'Freezing Temperatures' |url=https://www.etvbharat.com/en/!entertainment/ssmb29-mahesh-babu-shares-glimpse-of-intense-training-amid-germanys-freezing-temperatures-enn24012907255 |access-date=2025-03-12 |website=[[ETV Bharat News]] |language=en |archive-date=12 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250312154418/https://www.etvbharat.com/en/!entertainment/ssmb29-mahesh-babu-shares-glimpse-of-intense-training-amid-germanys-freezing-temperatures-enn24012907255 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mahesh Babu starts prep for Rajamouli's next, leaves for Germany, here's what we know |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/mahesh-babu-starts-prep-for-rajamoulis-next-leaves-for-germany-heres-what-we-know/88c8b2d517588 |access-date=2025-03-12 |website=[[OTTPlay]] |language=en |archive-date=12 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250312170445/https://www.ottplay.com/news/mahesh-babu-starts-prep-for-rajamoulis-next-leaves-for-germany-heres-what-we-know/88c8b2d517588 |url-status=live }}</ref> In October, Rajamouli was seen scouting for shooting locations in [[Kenya]] ([[Amboseli National Park]]).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-29 |title=Watch: Rajamouli scouts filming locations for Mahesh Babu's next |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/ss-rajamouli-scouts-filming-locations-for-mahesh-babus-ssmb-29-2625063-2024-10-29 |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=India Today |language=en |archive-date=29 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241029123014/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/ss-rajamouli-scouts-filming-locations-for-mahesh-babus-ssmb-29-2625063-2024-10-29 |url-status=live }}</ref> A muhurat [[Muhurat shot|puja]] was held on 2 January 2025 in [[Hyderabad]] with the cast and crew.<ref>{{Cite web|title=SSMB 29 launch: SS Rajamouli's film with Mahesh Babu kicks off with pooja amid confusion over Priyanka Chopra's casting|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/ssmb-29-launch-ss-rajamoulis-film-with-mahesh-babu-kicks-off-with-pooja-amid-confusion-over-priyanka-chopras-casting-101735796656945-amp.html|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|date=2 January 2025|access-date=2 January 2025|archive-date=29 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250329163458/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/ssmb-29-launch-ss-rajamoulis-film-with-mahesh-babu-kicks-off-with-pooja-amid-confusion-over-priyanka-chopras-casting-101735796656945-amp.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

In September 2024, [[P. S. Vinod]] was announced as the cinematographer, in his first collaboration with Rajamouli and replacing [[K. K. Senthil Kumar]], Rajamouli's norm collaborator for cinematography since [[Sye (2004 film)|''Sye'']] (2004).<ref>{{Cite news |title=Mahesh Babu and Rajamouli's 'SSMB29' to be a global feature |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/mahesh-babu-and-rajamoulis-ssmb29-to-be-a-global-feature/articleshow/113440878.cms |access-date=2025-01-03 |work=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=7 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250307012100/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/mahesh-babu-and-rajamoulis-ssmb29-to-be-a-global-feature/articleshow/113440878.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> [[M. M. Keeravani]], who has scored the music for all of Rajamouli's films, was roped in as the music director.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |title=Music Composer MM Keeravani shares an update on SS Rajamouli and Mahesh Babu's 'SSMB 29' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/music-composer-mm-keeravani-shares-an-update-on-ss-rajamouli-and-mahesh-babus-ssmb-29/articleshow/111220870.cms |access-date=2025-01-03 |work=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=7 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250307020126/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/music-composer-mm-keeravani-shares-an-update-on-ss-rajamouli-and-mahesh-babus-ssmb-29/articleshow/111220870.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> Tammiraju was chosen as the film's editor.<ref>{{Cite news |title=The technical team for SS Rajamouli's upcoming 'SSMB29' revealed: Here's what we know |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/the-technical-team-for-ss-rajamoulis-upcoming-ssmb29-revealed/articleshow/107654419.cms |access-date=2025-03-09 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=29 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250329163544/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/the-technical-team-for-ss-rajamoulis-upcoming-ssmb29-revealed/articleshow/107654419.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> Actor [[Nassar (actor)|Nassar]] was brought onboard to help the crew, where he assisted Babu in training on a dialect.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Will Mahesh Babu reveal his 'SSMB 29' look at the 'Devara' pre-release event? |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/will-mahesh-babu-reveal-his-ssmb-29-look-at-the-devara-pre-release-event/articleshow/113383188.cms |access-date=2025-03-09 |work=[[The Times of India]] |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=20 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250320013157/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/will-mahesh-babu-reveal-his-ssmb-29-look-at-the-devara-pre-release-event/articleshow/113383188.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Casting ===
Babu was reported to play the male lead.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mahesh Babu Starrer SSMB29 Major Scene Gets Leaked Online, Fans React {{!}} See Here |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/mahesh-babu-starrer-ssmb29-major-scene-gets-leaked-online-fans-react-see-here-9255171.html |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=News18 |language=en |archive-date=19 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250319155334/https://www.news18.com/movies/mahesh-babu-starrer-ssmb29-major-scene-gets-leaked-online-fans-react-see-here-9255171.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Priyanka Chopra Jonas]] was confirmed as the female lead, marking her first collaboration with Babu and Rajamouli and her return to Indian cinema after ''[[The Sky Is Pink]]'' (2019) and to Telugu Cinema after ''[[Thoofan]]'' (2013).<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=Riya Sharma|title=Madhu Chopra finally reveals if Priyanka Chopra is a part of SS Rajamouli, Mahesh Babu's SSMB 29|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/madhu-chopra-finally-reveals-if-priyanka-chopra-is-a-part-of-ss-rajamouli-mahesh-babus-ssmb-29-101740828161992-amp.html|work=[[Hindustan Times]]|access-date=1 March 2025|archive-date=30 March 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250330143926/https://www.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/bollywood/madhu-chopra-finally-reveals-if-priyanka-chopra-is-a-part-of-ss-rajamouli-mahesh-babus-ssmb-29-101740828161992-amp.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Prithviraj Sukumaran]] was signed as the antagonist, marking his third Telugu film after ''[[Police Police]]'' (2010) and ''[[Salaar: Part 1 – Ceasefire]]'' (2023).<ref>{{cite web |access-date=3 July 2024 |title=Prithviraj Sukumaran to join Mahesh Babu in SS Rajamouli's 'SSMB 29': Reports |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/prithviraj-sukumaran-to-join-mahesh-babu-in-ss-rajamouli-film-ssmb-29-reports-2561555-2024-07-03 |website=India Today}}</ref> Rajamouli signed with [[Creative Artists Agency]] (CAA) after the success of ''RRR'', and would reportedly be using various American actors for this film.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wiseman |first=Andreas |date=2022-09-22 |title='RRR' Director SS Rajamouli Signs With CAA In Coup For Agency; Next Film With Mahesh Babu To Start In The Spring |url=https://deadline.com/2022/09/rrr-ss-rajamouli-mahesh-babu-next-film-caa-signs-1235124664/ |access-date=2025-03-09 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood|Deadline]] |language=en-US |archive-date=22 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922222744/https://deadline.com/2022/09/rrr-ss-rajamouli-mahesh-babu-next-film-caa-signs-1235124664/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Rajat Kapoor]] was signed to for a role. However, Kapoor later left the project due to creative differences.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Prakash |first=B. V. S. |date=2025-12-17 |title=Exclusive: S S Rajamouli Likely to Replace Rajat Kapoor in Varanasi? |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/tollywood/exclusive-s-s-rajamouli-likely-to-replace-rajat-kapoor-in-varanasi-1924416 |access-date=2026-01-04 |website=www.deccanchronicle.com |language=en |archive-date=31 December 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251231172852/https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/tollywood/exclusive-s-s-rajamouli-likely-to-replace-rajat-kapoor-in-varanasi-1924416 |url-status=live }}</ref> In December 2025, [[Prakash Raj]] joined the production.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-12-23 |title=Prakash Raj wraps key schedule for SS Rajamouli’s Varanasi, posts update from set |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/prakash-raj-wraps-key-shoot-schedule-of-ss-rajamoulis-varanasi-2840726-2025-12-23 |access-date=2026-01-04 |website=India Today |archive-date=23 December 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251223172409/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/prakash-raj-wraps-key-shoot-schedule-of-ss-rajamoulis-varanasi-2840726-2025-12-23 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Filming ===
In September 2024, it was reported that Rajamouli would firstly prioritize sequences which would need VFX when filming, due to the film reportedly featuring multiple VFX-based action sequences. [[Principal photography]] was initially reported to commence in 2024, but finally commenced on 2 February 2025 in [[Hyderabad]]. Babu and Chopra were both present during the schedule. To avoid leaks of the project, Rajamouli enforced a [[non-disclosure agreement]] for the cast and crew, while also banning mobile phones on sets.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Priyanka Chopra takes a break from the 'SSMB29' shoot for Siddharth Chopra's wedding |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/priyanka-chopra-takes-a-break-from-the-ssmb29-shoot-for-siddharth-chopras-wedding/articleshow/117856746.cms |access-date=2025-03-05 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> Chopra resumed filming her portions in early February after attending her brother’s wedding.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Priyanka Chopra Back To Work After Brother Siddharth's Wedding, Joins Mahesh Babu In Hyderabad For SSMB29 |url=https://www.news18.com/movies/priyanka-chopra-back-to-work-after-brother-siddharths-wedding-joins-mahesh-babu-in-hyderabad-for-ssmb29-9229832.html |access-date=2025-03-05 |website=[[News18]] |language=en |archive-date=7 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250307021114/https://www.news18.com/movies/priyanka-chopra-back-to-work-after-brother-siddharths-wedding-joins-mahesh-babu-in-hyderabad-for-ssmb29-9229832.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

The second schedule commenced in [[Odisha]] on 5 March 2025, featuring mainly Babu and Sukumaran.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mahesh Babu, Priyanka Chopra, and SS Rajamouli meet fans in Odisha during the 'SSMB29' shoot |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopra-and-ss-rajamouli-meet-fans-in-odisha-during-the-ssmb-29-shoot/articleshow/119196096.cms |website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sahoo |first=Nitesh Kumar |title=SSMB29: SS Rajamouli to begin shoot in Odisha's Koraput with Mahesh Babu, Priyanka Chopra on...! |url=https://odishatv.in/news/entertainment/ssmb29-ss-rajamouli-begin-shoot-odisha-koraput-mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopra-257224/amp |access-date=2025-03-05 |website=[[Odisha TV]] |language=en |archive-date=7 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250307003831/https://odishatv.in/news/entertainment/ssmb29-ss-rajamouli-begin-shoot-odisha-koraput-mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopra-257224/amp |url-status=live }}</ref> For the third schedule, a massive set resembling [[Varanasi|Kashi]] was erected at Talamali Hilltop in the [[Semiliguda]] [[Block (district subdivision)|block]] of [[Koraput district]], where an action sequence was shot.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Das |first=Srijony |date=6 March 2025 |title=SSMB29: Glimpse of MASSIVE setup in Odisha goes VIRAL ahead of second shooting schedule; here's why SS Rajamouli locked the location |url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/south/ssmb29-glimpse-of-massive-setup-in-odisha-goes-viral-ahead-of-second-shooting-schedule-heres-why-ss-rajamouli-locked-the-location-1376167 |access-date=6 March 2025 |website=[[Pinkvilla]]}}</ref> On 9 March 2025, footage featuring both actors was leaked on social media platforms.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=11 March 2025 |title=How Rajamouli's SSMB 29 leaked video exposes major piracy issues in Telugu cinema |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/piracy-and-leaks-plague-big-filmsmahesh-babu-prithiviraj-sukumaran-priyanka-chopra-rajamoulis-ssmb29-leak-sparks-concern-2692095-2025-03-11 |website=India Today}}</ref> In April 2025, an elaborate set, again resembling the ancient city of [[Varanasi|Kashi]], was erected in [[Hyderabad]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Acharya |first=T Maruthi |date=2025-03-11 |title=Rajamouli-Mahesh Babu's SSMB29 based on Kashi's history: Report |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/rajamouli-mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopra-ssmb29-based-on-kashi-history-hanuman-2692132-2025-03-11 |access-date=2025-03-12 |website=[[India Today]] |language=en |archive-date=12 March 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250312185156/https://www.indiatoday.in/movies/regional-cinema/story/rajamouli-mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopra-ssmb29-based-on-kashi-history-hanuman-2692132-2025-03-11 |url-status=live }}</ref> By September 2025, important sequences were shot across [[Kenya]]'s [[Masai Mara]], [[Naivasha]], [[Samburu County|Samburu]] and [[Amboseli]].<ref>{{cite web |access-date=4 September 2025 |title=Exclusive {{!}} Mahesh Babu shoots for SS Rajamouli's next SSMB29 in Nairobi, Kenya- see pics |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/htcity/exclusive-mahesh-babu-shoots-for-ss-rajamoulis-next-ssmb29-in-nairobi-kenya-see-pics-101756965971327.html |website=[[Hindustan Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |access-date=9 September 2025 |title='SSMB29': SS Rajamouli Calls Shooting In Kenya 'Most Memorable,' Mahesh Babu Photo From Sets Leaked |url=https://www.hollywoodreporterindia.com/features/insight/ssmb29-ss-rajamouli-calls-shooting-in-kenya-most-memorable-mahesh-babu-photo-from-sets-leaked# |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref> In November 2025, it was confirmed by Rajamouli that the filming of the [[Climax (narrative)|climax]] scenes was underway.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-11-07 |title=SS Rajamouli shares more details about SSMB29 launch event and Prithviraj's first look |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2025/Nov/07/ss-rajamouli-shares-more-details-about-ssmb29-launch-event-and-prithvirajs-first-look |access-date=2025-11-07 |website=Cinema Express |language=en |archive-date=21 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251121115012/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/telugu/news/2025/Nov/07/ss-rajamouli-shares-more-details-about-ssmb29-launch-event-and-prithvirajs-first-look |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-11-07 |title='SSMB29': SS Rajamouli to introduce key characters of Mahesh Babu, Priyanka Chopra, and Prithviraj Sukumaran at grand event- Report |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/ssmb29-ss-rajamouli-to-introduce-key-characters-of-mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopra-and-prithviraj-sukumaran-at-grand-event-report/articleshow/125150633.cms |access-date=2025-11-07 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=7 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251107132904/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/ssmb29-ss-rajamouli-to-introduce-key-characters-of-mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopra-and-prithviraj-sukumaran-at-grand-event-report/articleshow/125150633.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> The team also shot an episode featuring the events of the ''[[Ramayana]]'' for 60 days.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/s-s-rajamouli-discloses-details-of-a-memorable-sequence-shot-for-mahesh-babus-varanasi-9643878|title=SS Rajamouli On Filming A 60-Day Ramayana Episode With Mahesh Babu: "Every Day Was a Challenge|date=16 November 2025|website=[[NDTV]]|access-date=31 January 2026|archive-date=11 December 2025|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251211101248/https://www.ndtv.com/entertainment/s-s-rajamouli-discloses-details-of-a-memorable-sequence-shot-for-mahesh-babus-varanasi-9643878|url-status=live}}</ref> In March 2026, it was confirmed that the next schedule would be in [[Antarctica]], making it the first Indian film and fourth feature film in history to shoot on location in Antarctica. The announcement confirmed that the team would be filming at the [[Ross Ice Shelf]].<ref name=":8" />

=== Visual effects ===
The visual effects for ''Varanasi'' are overseen by [[V. Srinivas Mohan]], in his fourth collaboration with Rajamouli following ''[[Baahubali: The Beginning]]'' (2015), ''[[Baahubali 2: The Conclusion]]'' (2017), and ''[[RRR]]'' (2022). Due to the high volume of complex sequences, Rajamouli prioritized VFX-heavy filming early in the schedule to allow for a two-year post-production window.<ref name="TOI_VFX" />

==== Production and vendors ====
In March 2026, London-based [[Cinesite]] announced that it would serve as the primary VFX vendor, alongside its subsidiary [[Trixter]] and Mumbai-based [[Assemblage Entertainment]].<ref name="AnimX_VFX" /> Assemblage, which won the 2026 Zee Cine Award for Best VFX for ''[[Chhaava]]'', is handling specialized character animation for the film's mythological creatures. For the three-minute announcement reel released in November 2025, Mohan collaborated with several specialized boutiques, including Phantom FX for set extensions and Meta VFX for digital doubles. Mohan stated that the teaser avoided the use of [[Generative artificial intelligence|generative AI]], opting for traditional artist-driven [[Computer-generated imagery|CGI]] to maintain the photorealism required for the [[IMAX]] 1.43:1 aspect ratio.<ref name="Varanasi_BTS" />

=== Technology and performance capture ===
A significant portion of the film was shot at the '''A&M MoCap Lab''' at [[Annapurna Studios]] in Hyderabad, which Rajamouli inaugurated in March 2026. The facility, a joint venture with Mihira Visual Labs and technology partner Animatrik Film Design, is the largest motion and performance capture stage in India.<ref name="MoCap_Launch" /> The laboratory utilizes 26-megapixel Vicon Valkyrie (VK26) cameras and integrates [[Unreal Engine]] for real-time visualization, allowing Rajamouli to adjust camera movements and blocking within digital environments during live shoots.<ref name="THR_MoCap" /> A 25-minute sequence, reportedly involving the hero's traversal through multiple eras, was captured entirely on this stage.<ref name="THR_MoCap" />

== Music ==
The soundtrack is composed by Rajamouli's frequent collaborator [[M. M. Keeravani]].<ref name=":2" />

{{Track listing
| headline =
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| title1 = GlobeTrotter
| length1 = 3:35
| lyrics1 = Chaitanya Prasad
| extra1 = [[Shruti Haasan]], [[Kaala Bhairava]]
| title2 = Rana Kumbha
| length2 = 1:40
| lyrics2 = Chaitanya Prasad
| extra2 = Aditya Iyengar
| title3 = The Arrival
| length3 = 3:22
| extra3 = M. M. Keeravani
}}

== Marketing ==
A [[Film poster|pre-look poster]] was released on 9 August 2025, coinciding with Babu’s 50th birthday, and revealed that the film’s first look would be launched in November 2025.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=9 August 2025 |title=SS Rajamouli drops FIRST look of Mahesh Babu's 'SSMB29' co-starring Priyanka Chopra on his birthday, calls it 'Globetrotter' - Deets inside |work=The Times of India |date=9 August 2025 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/ssmb29-update-ss-rajamouli-shares-mahesh-babus-intense-pre-look-promises-first-reveal-in-november-2025-deets-inside/articleshow/123201734.cms |publisher=Times of India |archive-date=9 August 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250809065345/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/ssmb29-update-ss-rajamouli-shares-mahesh-babus-intense-pre-look-promises-first-reveal-in-november-2025-deets-inside/articleshow/123201734.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> Later, an event titled ''The Globetrotter Event'' was held on 15 November 2025 at [[Ramoji Film City]], with the presence of the film's cast and crew, during which the film's title and first concept reel were launched.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2025-11-11 |title=SS Rajamouli shares more details about SSMB29 launch event and Prithviraj's first look |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2025/Nov/07/telugunews2025nov07ss-rajamouli-shares-more-details-about-ssmb29-launch-event-and-prithvirajs-first-look |access-date=2025-11-14 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en |archive-date=17 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251117120742/https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/malayalam/2025/Nov/07/telugunews2025nov07ss-rajamouli-shares-more-details-about-ssmb29-launch-event-and-prithvirajs-first-look |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |access-date=15 November 2025 |title='GlobeTrotter' officially titled 'Varanasi'; Mahesh Babu rides a charging bull in SS Rajamouli's motion-poster launch at grand event |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/globetrotter-officially-titled-varanasi-mahesh-babu-rides-a-charging-bull-in-ss-rajamoulis-motion-poster-launch-at-grand-event/articleshow/125348594.cms |publisher=Times of India |archive-date=15 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251115135213/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/globetrotter-officially-titled-varanasi-mahesh-babu-rides-a-charging-bull-in-ss-rajamoulis-motion-poster-launch-at-grand-event/articleshow/125348594.cms |url-status=live }}</ref> It was streamed live on [[Disney+ Hotstar|JioHotstar]] in India, becoming the first movie launch to be streamed on a streaming service while ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' streamed the event internationally on [[YouTube]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Globetrotter launch: Hosts, timing, OTT streaming, live performances, special entries-Full event breakdown here |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/globetrotter-lanch-hosts-ott-streaming-live-performances-special-entries-full-event-breakdown-here/609a163e53426 |access-date=2025-11-16 |website=www.ottplay.com |archive-date=23 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251123034854/https://www.ottplay.com/news/globetrotter-lanch-hosts-ott-streaming-live-performances-special-entries-full-event-breakdown-here/609a163e53426 |url-status=live }}</ref> In the same event, Rajamouli announced that ''Varanasi'' is being shot in the [[IMAX|1.43:1 IMAX format]], making ''Varanasi'' the first Indian film as well as the first non-English film to do so.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Seta |first=Fenil |date=November 16, 2025 |title=S S Rajamouli's Mahesh Babu-Priyanka Chopra starrer Varanasi the first Indian film which is 'filmed for IMAX' |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/breaking-s-s-rajamoulis-mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopra-starrer-varanasi-first-indian-film-filmed-imax/ |work=[[Bollywood Hungama]] |archive-date=18 November 2025 |access-date=19 November 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251118035056/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/bollywood/breaking-s-s-rajamoulis-mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopra-starrer-varanasi-first-indian-film-filmed-imax/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Release==

=== Theatrical ===
The film is scheduled to be released theatrically worldwide on 7 April 2027 in standard, [[Dolby Cinema]], and [[IMAX]] formats.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=Mahesh Babu, S.S. Rajamouli and Priyanka Chopra Jonas Adventure Epic ‘Varanasi’ Unveils 2027 Release Date|url=https://variety.com/2026/film/news/mahesh-babu-rajamouli-varanasi-2027-release-date-1236644217/|website=Variety|date=29 January 2026|access-date=2026-01-30|language=en-US|first=Naman|last=Ramachandran|archive-date=30 January 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260130100015/https://variety.com/2026/film/news/mahesh-babu-rajamouli-varanasi-2027-release-date-1236644217/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite web|title=S.S. Rajamouli's Indiana Jones-Inspired 'RRR' Follow-Up Sets a Release Date to Challenge Taylor Sheridan|url=https://collider.com/varanasi-ss-rajamouli-mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopra-release-date-plot-details/|website=Collider|date=29 January 2026|access-date=2026-01-30|language=en|first=Rahul|last=Malhotra|archive-date=30 January 2026|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260130085348/https://collider.com/varanasi-ss-rajamouli-mahesh-babu-priyanka-chopra-release-date-plot-details/|url-status=live}}</ref> Shot in the [[Telugu language]], it will also be released with dubbed versions in [[English language|English]], [[Hindi]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Malayalam]], [[Kannada]], [[French language|French]], [[Spanish language|Spanish]], [[German language|German]], [[Arabic]], [[Korean language|Korean]], [[Japanese language|Japanese]], [[Chinese language|Chinese]] and releasing more than 25+ languages. It is the first non-English film to feature [[Aspect ratio (image)#1.43:1|1.43:1 IMAX ratio]] sequences.<ref>{{Cite tweet |number=1989760980809912389 |user=preethamdnl |title=@ssrajamouli next film Varanasi is confirmed to be the 2nd filmed for IMAX titled. The movie release in 2027 . The film will feature 1.43 sequences exclusively in IMAX as shown at today’s event. |author=Preetham Daniel |access-date=24 November 2025}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Decoding Varanasi: Will SS Rajamouli's Dream Project With Mahesh Babu And Priyanka Chopra Be The Next Blockbuster? |url=https://www.thedailyjagran.com/entertainment/news/decoding-varanasi-will-ss-rajamouli-dream-project-with-mahesh-babu-and-priyanka-chopra-be-the-next-blockbuster-10280349 |access-date=2025-11-24 |website=www.thedailyjagran.com |language=en |archive-date=12 December 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251212104856/https://www.thedailyjagran.com/entertainment/news/decoding-varanasi-will-ss-rajamouli-dream-project-with-mahesh-babu-and-priyanka-chopra-be-the-next-blockbuster-10280349 |url-status=live }}</ref> It's also the first Indian film in the world releasing in more than 120 countries globally.<ref>{{cite web |access-date=9 March 2026 |title=S.S. Rajamouli’s ‘Varanasi’ Taps Malaysia’s SkyBlue Cinematix for Global Brand Integration (EXCLUSIVE) |url=https://variety.com/2026/film/news/ss-rajamouli-varanasi-skyblue-cinematix-brand-integration-1236682324/ |website=Variety India}}</ref>

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="VarietyFeb2026">{{Cite web |last=Siegel |first=Tatiana |date=2026-02-11 |title=Priyanka Chopra Jonas on ‘Blowing Up’ Her Acting Career, Ignoring Nick Jonas Marriage Backlash and ‘Coming Back to Indian Movies’ for ‘RRR’ Director’s New Film |url=https://variety.com/2026/film/features/priyanka-chopra-nick-jonas-the-bluff-varanasi-1236657119/ |access-date=1 May 2026 |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |language=en |archive-date=11 February 2026 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20260211175250/https://variety.com/2026/film/features/priyanka-chopra-nick-jonas-the-bluff-varanasi-1236657119/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="TOI_VFX">{{cite news |title=Mahesh Babu and Rajamouli's 'SSMB29' to be a global feature |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/mahesh-babu-and-rajamoulis-ssmb29-to-be-a-global-feature/articleshow/113440878.cms |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=1 September 2024 |access-date=1 May 2026}}</ref>

<ref name="MoCap_Launch">{{cite news |last=Dager |first=Nick |date=2 March 2026 |title=Annapurna Studios Opens Motion Capture Facility |url=https://www.digitalcinemareport.com/annapurna-studios-opens-motion-capture-facility/ |work=Digital Cinema Report |access-date=1 May 2026}}</ref>

<ref name="THR_MoCap">{{cite news |last=Rao |first=Justin |date=2 April 2026 |title=How SS Rajamouli Shot a Thrilling 'Varanasi' Sequence Using Cutting-Edge Motion-Capture Tech |url=https://www.hollywoodreporterindia.com/features/insight/how-ss-rajamouli-shot-a-thrilling-varanasi-sequence-using-cutting-edge-motion-capture-tech |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter India]] |access-date=1 May 2026}}</ref>

<ref name="AnimX_VFX">{{cite news |author=AnimationXpress Team |date=28 March 2026 |title=Cinesite, Trixter and Assemblage Entertainment to deliver VFX for Rajamouli's upcoming film 'Varanasi' |url=https://www.animationxpress.com/latest-news/cinesite-trixter-and-assemblage-entertainment-to-deliver-vfx-for-rajamoulis-upcoming-film-varanasi/ |work=AnimationXpress |access-date=1 May 2026}}</ref>

<ref name="Varanasi_BTS">{{cite AV media |last=Mohan |first=V. Srinivas |title=Varanasi - #Globetrotter Event Behind The Scenes |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zU8C6ur_zL8 |publisher=T-Series |date=3 January 2026 |access-date=1 May 2026}}</ref>
}}
== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|21438726}}
* {{Bollywood Hungama movie|varanasi}}
* {{Rotten tomatoes|varanasi}}

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CJ Roy

2026-04-28T21:11:06Z

AnnettaCastanon: new article

{{Short description|Indian businessman and film producer}}
{{Infobox person
| name = CJ Roy
| birth_name = Chiriankandath Joseph Roy
| birth_place = [[Kerala]], India
| death_date = 30 January 2026
| death_place = [[Bengaluru]], Karnataka, India
| occupation = Businessman, Film producer
| known_for = Founder and Chairman of Confident Group; Malayalam and Kannada film production
| spouse = Liny Roy
| children = 1 son (Rohit Roy), 1 daughter (Ria Mary Roy)
| relatives = CJ Babu (brother)
}}
'''Chiriankandath Joseph Roy''' (died 30 January 2026), also known as CJ Roy, was an [[List of Indian entrepreneurs|Indian entrepreneur]], [[Real estate development|real estate developer]], and [[film producer]]. He was the founder and chairman of the Confident Group, a [[Bengaluru]]-based real estate and construction company, and produced several Malayalam films. Known for his business acumen and involvement in cinema, Roy became a prominent figure in both real estate and entertainment. He was found dead in Bengaluru in January 2026 under circumstances reported as a suspected suicide.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|title=Confident Group chief CJ Roy found dead, family reaches hospital|url=https://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/kerala/cj-roys-wife-son-reach-hospital-mortuary-prima-facie-it-appears-death-by-gunshot-says-dcp-f2nlxvwn|website=Mathrubhumi|access-date=8 February 2026}}</ref>

==Early life==
CJ Roy was born in [[Kerala]], India. Details about his birthdate are not publicly available. He began his career in real estate and gradually expanded into business ventures, eventually founding the Confident Group, which became one of Bengaluru's notable real estate companies.<ref>{{cite web|title=From ordinary man to real estate tycoon: The life of Confident Group's CJ Roy|url=https://keralakaumudi.com/en/news/mobile/news.php?id=1690402&u=from-ordinary-man-to-real-estate-tycoon-the-life-of-confident-group%25E2%2580%2599s-cj-roy|website=Kerala Kaumudi|access-date=8 February 2026}}</ref>

==Career==
CJ Roy was the founder and managing director of the Confident Group, which focused on residential and commercial real estate projects in Bengaluru and other regions. He was known for transforming fringe areas into prime real estate and expanding the group's operations internationally. He gained recognition for luxury property developments and high-profile business strategies.<ref>{{cite web|title=CJ Roy: Net worth and property empire|url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/new-updates/cj-roy-net-worth-how-rs-8000-cr-bengaluru-realty-tycoon-who-produced-mohanlals-casanova-learnt-property-tricks-from-his-mother/articleshow/127813649.cms|website=Economic Times|access-date=8 February 2026}}</ref> He was known for promoting a debt-averse business model and later diversified into hospitality, education and media.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/new-updates/cj-roy-net-worth-how-rs-8000-cr-bengaluru-realty-tycoon-who-produced-mohanlals-casanova-learnt-property-tricks-from-his-mother/articleshow/127813649.cms |title=CJ Roy: How Rs 8,000-cr Bengaluru realty tycoon who produced Mohanlal’s Casanova learnt property tricks from his mother }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/it-officials-office-confident-group-chairman-cj-roy-shoots-himself-dead-10503942/ |title=I-T officials at his office, top Kerala realtor Confident Group chairman CJ Roy shoots himself dead |publisher=The Indian Express |access-date=20 February 2026}}</ref>

Roy also ventured into film production under the Confident Group banner.<ref>{{cite web|title=From Mohanlal’s Casanovva to Tovino Thomas’ Identity: Films produced by CJ Roy|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/entertainment-news/malayalam/from-mohanlals-casanovva-to-tovino-thomas-identity-a-list-of-films-produced-by-cj-roys-confident-group-article-153534296|website=Times Now News|access-date=8 February 2026}}</ref>

==Personal life and death==
CJ Roy was married to Liny Roy and had two children: daughter Ria Mary Roy and son Rohit Roy. His brother, CJ Babu, was also involved in family business matters.<ref>{{cite web|title=Meet Ria Mary Roy, daughter of CJ Roy|url=https://www.oneindia.com/india/meet-ria-mary-roy-daughter-of-confident-group-founder-cj-roy-and-what-she-does-in-the-business-7983641.html|website=One India|accessdate=8 February 2026}}</ref>

CJ Roy was found dead on 30 January 2026 at his office in Langford Town, [[Bengaluru]], from an apparent self-inflicted gunshot wound. The incident occurred while officials from the Income Tax Department were conducting search and seizure operations at the premises. Police registered the case as an unnatural death and stated that preliminary findings pointed to suicide.
<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/real-estate-tycoon-cj-roy-found-dead-cops-suspect-suicide-i-t-had-raided-his-office/articleshow/127803101.cms |title=Real estate tycoon CJ Roy found dead; cops suspect suicide during IT raid |publisher=The Times of India }}</ref> His death was widely covered in Indian media and a Special Investigation Team (SIT) was later constituted by Bengaluru police to conduct a detailed probe into the circumstances surrounding his death.<ref name="auto"/>
<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/karnataka/sit-constituted-to-probe-confident-group-chairman-cj-roys-death-in-bengaluru |title=SIT constituted to probe Confident Group chairman CJ Roy’s death |publisher=The News Minute }}</ref>

CJ Roy was recognized for his luxurious lifestyle, including his love for high-end cars and helicopter rides. He had maintained a social media presence with a following, sharing aspects of his personal life and business ventures. Roy was also known for producing films that combined success with impact in the [[Malayalam]] film industry. His death led to media coverage in India, particularly highlighting his contributions to real estate, philanthropy, and cinema.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web|title=CJ Roy’s death: Who will inherit Confident Group empire?|url=https://gulfnews.com/story/uae%252Fdr-cj-roy-death-who-will-inherit-confident-group-empire-all-about-ria-mary-roy-and-rohit-roy-from-dubai-1.500428769|website=Gulf News|access-date=8 February 2026}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Who was Confident Group chairman CJ Roy|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/who-was-confident-group-chairman-cj-roy-bengaluru-born-entrepreneur-philanthropist-and-luxury-car-aficionado/articleshow/127813637.cms|website=Times of India|access-date=8 February 2026}}</ref>

Roy's death triggered public debate and political reaction. His family alleged that continuous questioning and repeated raids by Income Tax officials placed him under severe mental stress in the days leading up to his death.
<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/kerala/confident-group-founder-cj-roys-death-brother-alleges-it-officials-harassed-him |title=CJ Roy’s brother alleges harassment by Income Tax officials before his death |publisher=The News Minute}}</ref>

Several political leaders criticized the conduct of investigative agencies, calling for an independent inquiry and raising concerns about excessive pressure on business owners.
<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/confident-group-chairman-cj-roys-death-karnataka-minister-priyank-kharge-calls-it-case-of-pure-harassment-by-it-officials/articleshow/127815599.cms |title=‘Pure harassment’: Karnataka minister reacts to CJ Roy’s death |publisher=The Times of India }}</ref>

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year !! Film
|-
| 2012 || ''[[Casanovva]]''
|-
| 2022 || ''[[Marakkar: Lion of the Arabian Sea]]''
|-
| 2023 || ''[[Mei Hoom Moosa]]''
|-
| 2025 || ''[[Identity (2025 film)|Identity]]''
|-
| 2026 || ''[[Anomie]]''
|}

==References==
<references>
{{cite web|title=Confident Group: Operations unaffected after MD CJ Roy’s death|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2026/02/05/confident-group-operations-unaffected-md-joseph-cj-roy-death.html|website=Onmanorama|access-date=8 February 2026}}
{{cite web|title=CJ Roy death: Confident Group MD reassures UAE investors|url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/uae/cj-roy-death-confident-group-md-reassures-uae-investors%3F%3D1|website=Khaleej Times|access-date=8 February 2026}}
{{cite web|title=Not money will be lost after CJ Roy’s death, says Confident Group MD|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/not-money-will-be-lost-after-cj-roys-death-says-confident-group-managing-director/articleshow/127950459.cms|website=Times of India|access-date=8 February 2026}}
{{cite web|title=CJ Roy: Net worth and property empire|url=https://m.economictimes.com/news/new-updates/cj-roy-net-worth-how-rs-8000-cr-bengaluru-realty-tycoon-who-produced-mohanlals-casanova-learnt-property-tricks-from-his-mother/articleshow/127813649.cms|website=Economic Times|access-date=8 February 2026}}
</references>

{{DEFAULTSORT:Roy, CJ}}
[[Category:2026 deaths]]
[[Category:2026 suicides]]
[[Category:Indian businesspeople]]
[[Category:Indian film producers]]
[[Category:People from Kerala]]
[[Category:Malayalam film producers]]
[[Category:Real estate and property developers]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Kerala]]
[[Category:Film producers from Kerala]]
[[Category:Suicides by firearm in India]]
[[Category:Male suicides]]

Hostel Daze

2026-04-28T00:15:26Z

AnnettaCastanon: Added new details from scratch

{{Short description|2019 Indian adult comedy drama TV series}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Hostel Daze Official Poster.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Official Poster
| genre = [[Comedy drama]]
| creator = {{Plainlist|
*Saurabh Khanna
*Abhishek Yadav
}}
| director = {{Plainlist|
*Raghav Subbu (S 1)
*Amir Musanna (S 2)
*Sangram Naiksatam (S 2)
*Abhinav Anand (S3-S4)
*Sachin Negi (S 3)
}}
| producer = [[Arunabh Kumar]]
| story =
| screenplay = {{Plainlist|
*Saurabh Khanna
*Harish Peddinti
*Suprith Kundar
}}
| writer =
| starring = {{Plainlist|
*Nikhil Vijay
*[[Ahsaas Channa]]
*Shubham Gaur
*[[Adarsh Gourav]]
*Luv Vispute
}}
| music =
| cinematography = Chetan Jagannath Shinde Ashwin Kadamboor Bibartan Ghosh Hari K. Vedantam
| editor =
| studio =
| company = [[The Viral Fever]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|2019|12|13|df=y}}
| last_aired = present
| runtime = 30 minute
| country = India
| budget =
| language = Hindi
| num_seasons = 4
| num_episodes = 21
| related = [[Engga Hostel]]
}}
'''''Hostel Daze''''' is an Indian [[Hindi]]-language [[comedy drama]] television series created by Saurabh Khanna and written by Abhishek Yadav, Suprith Kundar, Harish Peddinti, Talha Siddhiqui. Directed Raghav Subbu, it stars [[Adarsh Gourav]], [[Luv Vispute]], [[Shubham Gaur]], [[Nikhil Vijay]] and [[Ahsaas Channa]] in lead roles.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Amazon Prime Video and TVF's Hostel Daze to make one nostalgic about the hostel life experience|url=https://www.mumbailive.com/en/digital/amazon-prime-video-and-tvf%27s-hostel-daze-about-hostel-life-experience-43010|access-date=20 November 2020|website=Mumbai Live|date=17 December 2019|language=en|archive-date=28 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128061609/https://www.mumbailive.com/en/digital/amazon-prime-video-and-tvf%27s-hostel-daze-about-hostel-life-experience-43010|url-status=live}}</ref> ''Hostel Daze'' premiered on [[Amazon Prime Video]] on 13 December 2019. The series contains four seasons, with a total of 21 episodes of approximately 30 minutes each. Season 2 premiered on 23 July 2021, Season 3 premiered on 16 November 2022 and Season 4 premiered on 27 September 2023.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hostel Daze season 4: Watch everything that happened before the series finale|url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/hostel-daze-season-4-prime-video-recaps-the-last-three-instalments-before-the-arrival-of-tvf-series-finale/5e06802d81240|access-date=7 October 2023|website=OTT Play|date=26 September 2023|language=en|archive-date=9 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009083644/https://www.ottplay.com/news/hostel-daze-season-4-prime-video-recaps-the-last-three-instalments-before-the-arrival-of-tvf-series-finale/5e06802d81240|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Premise==
The series follows four hostel friends in their first year: Jhantoo (Nikhil Vijay), Ankit (Adarsh Gourav), Chirag (Luv), and Jaat (Shubham Gaur). They are new students on campus who become roommates.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Engl |first1=India New |date=20 December 2019 |title=Movie Review: Hostel Daze is feel-good fun |url=https://indianewengland.com/2019/12/movie-review-hostel-daze-is-feel-good-fun/ |access-date=20 November 2020 |website=INDIA New England News |language=en |archive-date=17 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210617205614/https://indianewengland.com/2019/12/movie-review-hostel-daze-is-feel-good-fun/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Characters==
The cast include:<ref>{{Cite web|title=Watch the Trailer for Hostel Daze, TVF's Next Series Out This Week|url=https://gadgets.ndtv.com/entertainment/news/hostel-daze-trailer-release-date-december-13-tvf-amazon-prime-video-download-web-series-2145730|access-date=20 November 2020|website=NDTV Gadgets 360|date=9 December 2019|language=en|archive-date=27 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127032256/https://gadgets.ndtv.com/entertainment/news/hostel-daze-trailer-release-date-december-13-tvf-amazon-prime-video-download-web-series-2145730|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Nikhil Vijay as Jatin Kishore aka "Jhantoo", who has been in college for a very long time and is currently the General Secretary of Hostel Affairs (G.S.H.A.).
* Shubham Gaur as Rupesh Bhati aka "Jaat", who got admission in college by the large donation from his father
* [[Adarsh Gourav]]/[[Utsav Sarkar]] as Ankit Pandey, Akanksha's Boyfriend and "DOPA" of the college.
* Luv Vispute as Chirag Bansal, a shy and over-eager kid, who prefers cleanliness in contrast to his roommates.
* [[Ahsaas Channa]] as Akanksha Pechkas Thakur, Ankit's girlfriend
* [[Harsha Chemudu]] as Ravi Teja
* Ayushi Gupta as Nabomita Bharadwaj aka "Nabo", Ankit's lab partner, Chirag's girlfriend
* Sahil Verma as Rakhi, Jhantoo's sidekick and eventually junior
* Ranjan Raj as Lolly (Season 1)
* [[Shivankit Singh Parihar]] as PhD student 4 (Season 1) and as Cricket Coach (Season 2)
* [[Sameer Saxena (filmmaker)|Sameer Saxena]] as Hostel Manager (Season 1)
* [[Nidhi Bisht]] as Teaching Assistant (Season 1)
* Sanat Sawant as Freshie (Season 1)
* [[Chandan Roy]] as Santosh, Dhobiwala (Season 2)
*Ashutosh priyadarshi as Campus tea shop owner
* [[Sugandha Mishra]]
* [[Deven Bhojani]]
* [[Vedant Sharan]] as Entrepreneur

==Reception==
Jessica Xalxo, writing for RollingStone India observed: "Instead of confronting the very real issues that students are faced with, Hostel Daze trivializes them to the point of tradition, normalization and acceptance. And in its portrayal of the truth lies an endorsement that feels both endemic and dangerous, beyond the trappings of the genre."<ref>{{cite web |last=Xalxo |first=Jessica |title='Hostel Daze' Review: A Show That Could Stand to Grow Up |website=RollingStone India |date=17 December 2019 |url=https://rollingstoneindia.com/hostel-daze-review-a-show-that-could-stand-to-grow-up/ |access-date=19 January 2021}}</ref>

==Remake==
Viral Fever remade the series in Tamil as ''[[Engga Hostel]]'' in January 2023 and in Telugu as ''[[Hostel Days]]'' in July 2023 which are also available on Amazon Prime Video.<ref>{{cite web |title=Engaa Hostel Trailer Out: Hostel Daze Gets A Tamil Remake |url=https://lehren.com/entertainment/ott/hostel-daze-tamil-remake/158193/ |access-date=January 20, 2023 |work=lehren.com |date=20 January 2023 |language=en |last1=Lehren |first1=Team |archive-date=20 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120124820/https://lehren.com/entertainment/ott/hostel-daze-tamil-remake/158193/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== References ==
<references responsive="0" />

==External links==
* {{IMDb title}}

{{Amazon Video original series}}

[[Category:Amazon Prime Video original programming]]
[[Category:2010s comedy-drama television series]]
[[Category:2019 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:TVF Play Shows]]

Gangarampur

2026-04-27T12:38:18Z

AnnettaCastanon: enhanced references based on references and improved wording

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Gangarampur
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Punarbhaba Rail Bridge, Gangarampur
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India3
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India
| coordinates = {{coord|25.4|N|88.52|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Dakshin Dinajpur]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Municipal Corporations in India|Municipality]]
| governing_body = Gangarampur Municipality
| leader_title = [[Chairman]]
| leader_name = Prasanta Mitra
| leader_title3 = [[Member of Legislative Assembly]]
| leader_name3 = Satyendra Nath Ray
| leader_title4 = [[Member of Parliament]]
| leader_name4 = Sukanta Majumdar, Union Minister of State for MoE and MoDoNER
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name='Gangarampur City'>{{cite web|title=Gangarampur City|url=https://www.sudawb.org/wbdma_oldversion/HTM/DIS/MUNI_ULB_Gangarampur.htm}}</ref>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 10.29
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 25
| population_total = 56175
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], English
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 733124
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 03521
| registration_plate = WB61 - WB62
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Balurghat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Balurghat]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Gangarampur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Gangarampur]]
| website = {{Official website|https://www.gangarampurmunicipality.org/}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Gangarampur''' is one of the cities and a municipality in [[Dakshin Dinajpur district]] in the state of [[West Bengal]], India. [[Balurghat]] is the headquarters of the [[Gangarampur subdivision|Gangarampur Subdivision]]. The city is located on the bank of river [[Punarbhaba River|Punarbhaba]]. Gangarampur is one of the major cities connected through [[National Highway 512 (India)|National Highway 512]]. It became the subdivision of newly formed district [[Dakshin Dinajpur district|Dakshin Dinajpur]] when Paschim Dinajpur was bifurcated into [[Uttar Dinajpur district|Uttar]] and [[Dakshin Dinajpur district|Dakshin Dinajpur]] in 1992. It was one of the [[Khalji dynasty (Bengal)|Khalji]] capital under [[Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji|Muhammad Khalji]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kerr-Smiley |first=Mark |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Mamluks_Conquest_and_Culture/ijDx0AEACAAJ?hl=en |title=Mamluks, Conquest and Culture: The Ghurid Empire and Early Delhi Sultanate c. 1150-1236 |date= |publisher=Unicorn Publishing Group |year=2025 |isbn=978-1-916846-76-0 |pages=68 |language=en}}</ref>

==Geography==
{{OSM Location map
|width=350| height=250| zoom=9
|coord={{coord|25|20|20|N|88|39|10|E}}| float=left|caption='''Cities and towns in the Dakshin Dinajpur district''' M: municipal city/ town, CT: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, H: historical site Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly
|mark-coord1={{coord|25|14|22|N|88|46|57|E}} | label-pos1=right|label1=Balurghat | numbered1=M| mark-title1= [[Balurghat]] (M)|label-color1=#800000 |label-size1=13| mark-size1=13|shape1=l-circle|shape-color1=#800000|shape-outline1=white|label-offset-x1=2
|mark-coord2={{coord|25|25|43|N|88|31|55|E}} | label-pos2=left|label2=Gangarampur| numbered2=M| mark-title2= Gangarampur (M)|shape-color2=black| label-size=14|label-color2=black 
|mark-coord3={{coord|25|23|24|N|88|23|13|E}} | label-pos3=left|label3=Buniadpur| numbered3=M| mark-title3= [[Buniadpur]] (M)
|mark-coord4={{coord|25|21|43|N|88|16|3|E}} | label-pos4=right|label4=Harirampur | numbered4=CT| mark-title4= [[Harirampur, West Bengal]] (CT)|shape-color4=#A40000
|mark-coord5={{coord|25|21|49|N|88|31|30|E}} | label-pos5=right|label5=Gopalpur | numbered5=CT| mark-title5= [[Gopalpur, Dakshin Dinajpur]] (CT)|shape-color5=#A40000
|mark-coord6={{coord|25|21|4|N|88|45|24|E}} | label-pos6=top|label6= Par Patiram | numbered6=CT| mark-title6= [[Par Patiram]] (CT)|shape-color6=#A40000
|mark-coord7={{coord|25|14|19|N|88|45|11|E}} | label-pos7=left|label7= Dakra | numbered7=CT| mark-title7= [[Dakra]] (CT)|shape-color7=#A40000
|mark-coord8={{coord|25|12|43|N|88|45|1|E}} | label-pos8=left|label8= Chak Bhrigu | numbered8=CT| mark-title8= [[Chak Bhrigu]] (CT)|shape-color8=#A40000
|mark-coord9={{coord|25|16|53|N|88|58|25|E}} | label-pos9=left|label9=Hili Checkpoint| numbered9=R| mark-title9= [[Hili, Dakshin Dinajpur]] (R)| shape-color9=#C42222
|mark-coord10={{coord|25|19|7|N|88|44|59|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10=Patiram| numbered10=R| mark-title10= [[Patiram]] (R)| shape-color10=#C42222
|mark-coord11={{coord|25|26|1|N|88|43|36|E}} | label-pos11=right|label11=Kumarganj| numbered11=R| mark-title11= [[Kumarganj, Dakshin Dinajpur]] (R)| shape-color11=#C42222
|mark-coord12={{coord|25|18|31|N|88|33|59|E}} | label-pos12=right|label12=Tapan| numbered12=R| mark-title12= [[Tapan, Dakshin Dinajpur]] (R)| shape-color12=#C42222
|mark-coord13={{coord|25|23|0|N|88|25|32|E}} | label-pos13=right|label13=Bansihari| numbered13=R| mark-title13= [[Bansihari]] (R)| shape-color13=#C42222
|mark-coord14={{coord|25|31|49|N|88|21|55|E}} | label-pos14=top|label14=Kushmandi| numbered14=R| mark-title14= [[Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur]] (R)| shape-color14=#C42222
|mark-coord15={{coord|25|27|48|N|88|31|55|E}} | label-pos15=left|label15=Bangarh| numbered15=H| mark-title15= [[Bangarh]] (H)| shape-color15=#C42222
|mark-coord16={{coord|25.5084|88.6052}}| label16=India| label-color16 = black| label-angle16=15| label-pos16=bottom| label-size16=10| mark-size16=0| mark-title16 =none
|mark-coord17={{coord|25.5404|88.6252}}| label17=Bangladesh| label-color17 = black| label-angle17=15| label-pos17=bottom| label-size17=10| mark-size17=0| mark-title17 =none
|}}

===Location===
Gangarampur is located almost in the middle of Dakshin Dinajpur district at {{Coord|25.4|N|88.52|E|}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/28/Gangarampur.html|title=Maps, Weather, and Airports for Gangarampur, India|website=www.fallingrain.com}}</ref> It has spread linearly along the banks of the [[Punarbhaba River]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Flood Management, Gangarampur|url=http://www.ddinajpur.nic.in/Flood_Management/Gangarampur/gangarampur.html|publisher=Dakshin Dinajpur district|access-date=19 August 2017|archive-date=7 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190907151749/http://www.ddinajpur.nic.in/Flood_Management/Gangarampur/gangarampur.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> It has an average elevation of 25 metres (82 feet). The area of the city is 10.29 Sq. km.<ref name='Gangarampur City'/>

In the map alongside, all places marked on the map are linked in the full screen version.

==Climate==
Gangarampur has a Tropical wet-and-dry climate, with summer monsoons. The maximum temperatures can often exceed 38 °C (100 °F) during May–June. Winter tends to last from December to early-February, with the lowest temperatures hovering in the 4 °C (40 °F) to 8 °C (47 °F) range during December and January. Monsoon is the most notable phenomenon in the climate of the city. Maximum rainfall occurs during the monsoon in July–August.
{{Weather box
|location = Gangarampur, India
|single line = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|temperature colour = pastel
|Jan high F = 76
|Feb high F = 82
|Mar high F = 92
|Apr high F = 98
|May high F = 97
|Jun high F = 94
|Jul high F = 91
|Aug high F = 90
|Sep high F = 91
|Oct high F = 89
|Nov high F = 84
|Dec high F = 79
|year high F = 89
|Jan low F = 52
|Feb low F = 56
|Mar low F = 64
|Apr low F = 72
|May low F = 76
|Jun low F = 78
|Jul low F = 79
|Aug low F = 78
|Sep low F = 78
|Oct low F = 73
|Nov low F = 63
|Dec low F = 55
|year low F = 68
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.5
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.4
|Mar precipitation inch = 0.6
|Apr precipitation inch = 1.7
|May precipitation inch = 4.8
|Jun precipitation inch = 20.3
|Jul precipitation inch = 24.4
|Aug precipitation inch = 22.2
|Sep precipitation inch = 9.5
|Oct precipitation inch = 3.9
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.4
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.1
|year precipitation inch = 88.8
|source 1 = Weatherbase<ref name=Weatherbase>{{cite web |url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=596066&cityname=Balurghat-West-Bengal-India |title=Balurghat, India Travel Weather Averages (Weatherbase) |website=www.weatherbase.com |access-date=24 June 2014}}</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{As of|2011}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbdma.gov.in/HTM/MUNI_ALL_ULBs.htm|title=Official Web Site of Department of Municipal Affairs, Govt. of West Bengal|website=www.wbdma.gov.in|access-date=15 August 2017|archive-date=25 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725084445/http://www.wbdma.gov.in/HTM/MUNI_ALL_ULBs.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Gangarampur had a population of 56,175. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Gangarampur has an average literacy rate of 77%, higher than the national average of 74%: male literacy is 84%, and female literacy is 70%. In Gangarampur, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.

'''Historic population'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| align=left| 1991
| align=right| 31,177
|-
| align=left| 2001
| align=right| 53,533
|-
| align=left| 2011
| align=right| 56,175
|-
|}

==Education==

===Colleges===
There are many colleges in the city limits:
* [[Gangarampur B.Ed College]]
* [[Gangarampur College]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://college.globalshiksha.com/Gangarampur-College/700890225940286|title=Gangarampur College, Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal, India Reviews|website=college.globalshiksha.com|access-date=15 August 2017|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303214116/http://college.globalshiksha.com/Gangarampur-College/700890225940286|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Gangarampur Government Polytechnic]]
{{Cleanup-list|date=April 2026}}
* [[Vidyasagar College of Education]]
* [[Vidyasagar Primary Teachers Training Institute]]

===Schools===
There are many public and private schools in the city limits:
* [[Kadihat Belbari High School]]
{{Cleanup-list|date=April 2026}}
* [[Chittaranjan English Medium School]]
* Gangarampur Girls' High School
* [[Gangarampur High School]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Institute Overview |url=https://www.gangghs.edu.bd/ |publisher=Gangarampur Girls' High School |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240519173331/https://www.gangghs.edu.bd/ |archive-date=19 May 2024}}</ref>
* [[Holy Cross Primary School]]
* [[Holy Cross Girls High School]]
* [[Indranarayanpur Colony High School]]
* [[Jamir Smriti Public Mission School]]
* [[Kabitirtha Bangla Academy]]
* [[Kalitala Vidyasagar Shishu Niketan]]
* [[Kids Hall]]
* [[Niranjan Ghosh Smriti Vidyapith]]
* [[Orient National School]]
* [[Promod Dasgupta Smrity Vidyapith]]
* [[Rabrindra Smriti Vidyapith]]
* [[St. Joseph High School, Gangarampur|St. Joseph High School]]
* [[St. Pauls School, Gangarampur|St. Pauls School]]
* [[Samput School of Classical Dance]]
* [[Saraswati Shishu Mandir, Gangarampur]]
* [[Shemrock Disha Play School]]
* [[Ujjwal Kids World]]

==Economy==
The economy of Gangarampur is driven by agricultural farming, small business, handloom and handloom based handicrafts. Important handloom potential areas are located in Boaldaha, Korial, Belberi-I, Belberi-II and various parts in Gangarampur Municipality area. Important handloom products include cotton ordinary saree, cotton Mala saree, ladies churidar set (churidars are tightly fitting trousers worn by both men and women in South Asia), gents kurta/panjabi and Shirting Than (Length of cloth) etc. According to the annual report published by Directorate of Textiles (Govt. of West Bengal) Bordangi (located near Gangarampur College) area has 588, where as rest of Gangarampur area has 252 looms.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.westbengalhandloom.org/htm/c_ddinaj1.html|title=Directorate of Textiles, Handlooms, Spinning Mills, Silk Weaving & Handloom Based Handicrafts Division|website=www.westbengalhandloom.org}}</ref>


==Transportation==
Gangarampur is connected to [[Kolkata]], [[Siliguri]], [[Jalpaiguri]], [[English Bazar|Malda]], [[Balurghat]], [[Kishanganj]], [[Cooch Behar]], [[Bardhaman]], [[Asansol]], [[Raiganj]], [[Durgapur]], [[Nadia]], and other major places in [[West Bengal]] and [[Bihar]] by both [[Gangarampur Bus Stand|bus]] and [[Gangarampur railway station|train]] services.

===Bus===
The only State highway passes through Gangarampur is [[State Highway 10 (West Bengal)]]. The state highway has recently been upgraded into [[National Highway 512 (India)]] by Government of India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://morth.nic.in/showfile.asp?lid=366|title=State wise Length of National Highways in India - Ministry of Road Transport & Highways, Government of India|website=morth.nic.in|access-date=15 August 2017|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121022105130/http://www.morth.nic.in/showfile.asp?lid=366|archive-date=22 October 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> This highway connects Gangarampur with [[National Highway 12 (India)]], which is the only other National Highway in [[Dakshin Dinajpur]]. This newly upgraded 96 kilometers long National Highway is stretched from [[Gajol, West Bengal|Gazole]] to Hilli (near Indo/Bangladesh). Both private and public night bus services to [[Kolkata]], [[Siliguri]], [[Jalpaiguri]], [[Cooch Behar]] are available. Buses to [[Balurghat]], [[Raiganj]] and [[English Bazar|Malda]] run frequently throughout the day. Recently the [[Gangarampur Bus Stand|New Bus Terminal]] near the old one was inaugurated.

[[File:Gangarampur New Bus Terminal.jpg|thumb|Gangarampur New Bus Terminal]]

===Train===
{{see also|Gangarampur railway station}}
[[Gangarampur Railway Station]] was built earlier in 2004 and the first train ran on 30 December 2004. The station is located at the south side of the city near [[Gangarampur College]]. Few express trains like [[Howrah–Balurghat Express]], [[Tebhaga Express(Balurghat-Kolkata)]], [[Gour Express(Balurghat-Sealdah)]], [[Balurghat-Siliguri Intercity Express]] stops at [[Gangarampur Railway Station]].

[[File:Gangarampur Railway Station.jpeg|thumb|[[Gangarampur railway station]]]]

==Health==
The subdivisional hospital is located at the eastern side of the city near [[Kaldighi]]. The hospital runs with 250 beds. For improvement of overall health care services in [[Dakshin Dinajpur district]] many intervention-specific projects/programmes like improvement of infrastructural facilities in the secondary level hospitals, reducing the prevalence of Malaria, creating awareness about HIV, to look after the reproductive and child health of the below poverty line people in the municipal areas, providing free treatment/medicine to them etc. are taken under consideration.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ddinajpur.nic.in/Health_Centres/health_centres.html|title=Health Centres|website=www.ddinajpur.nic.in|access-date=15 August 2017|archive-date=27 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827005054/http://www.ddinajpur.nic.in/Health_Centres/health_centres.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Gangarampur Super Speciality Hospital]] is now #2 Hospital in [[Dakshin Dinajpur district]]. Balurghat superspeciality hospital has 10 floor.#1. Balurghat district hospital is just 35 km from Gangarampur. Gangarampur [[Ghosh Medical Hall & Ghosh Sonoscan Centre]] is one of the best & reputed pharmaceutical store & leading healthcare centre among the whole district.

==Sports==

{{see also|Gangarampur Stadium}}
The favourite sports in Gangarampur are cricket and football like other parts of West Bengal. As in the rest of India, cricket is popular in Gangarampur and is played on grounds and in streets throughout the city. The Football Club ground, a vast field that serves as the city's largest park, hosts several minor football and cricket games.

[[Gangarampur Stadium]] is located by the national highway (NH 512) near [[Kaldighi]]. The stadium was built in early twenty first century.

[[File:Gangarampur Stadium.JPG|left|thumb|300x200px|Gangarampur Stadium]]Balurghat DSA is just 35 km from gangarampur

==Language==
Bengali is the main language of Gangarampur. The principal communities are Hindus and Muslims, constituting the major portion of the population. There are many temples, mosques and churches around the city for religious practice.

==Attractions==

===Bangarh===
{{main|Bangarh}}
Bangarh is the site of an archaeological dig, where work commenced in 1938 on uncovering remains of structures dating from the pre-[[Maurya Empire]] (326 BCE–180 BCE) to the [[Pala Empire]] (8th to 12th century).<ref>{{cite web|title=Eight eras of Indian history unearthed in Bangarh|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/1090514/jsp/siliguri/story_10954127.jsp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023163514/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1090514/jsp/siliguri/story_10954127.jsp|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 October 2012|publisher=The Telegraph|access-date=15 August 2017|date=14 May 2009}}</ref>

===Kaldighi===
Kaldighi Lake and Dhaldighi Lake, located at the east side of the city, are home to migratory birds and freshwater fish. The lakes are a tourist attraction as well as a source of revenue for local fishermen.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ddinajpur.nic.in/Dm_Desk/dm_desk.html|title=DM's DESK|website=www.ddinajpur.nic.in|access-date=15 August 2017|archive-date=10 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171210084121/http://www.ddinajpur.nic.in/Dm_Desk/dm_desk.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
[[File:Fishermen catching fish in Kaldighi.jpg|thumb|Fishermen catching fish in Kaldighi]]

===Dargah of Shah Ata===

{{Main|Dargah of Shah Ata}}
The building was probably constructed in the 14th century. The building is a brick and stone mausoleum, the burial site of Mollah Atar-Uddin or Shah Ata.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.asikolkata.in/dinajpur.aspx |publisher=ASI, Kolkata Circle |title=History of Dargah of Shah Ata}}</ref>

===Parks===
There are three main [[parks]] in the area, Kalitala Children Park, [[Kaldighi Park]] and Gangarampur Shishu Udyan

[[File:Kalitala Children Park by Nayan Halder.jpg|thumb|right|Kalitala Children Park, Gangarampur]]
The first of these, Kalitala Children Park ({{langx|bn|কালিতলা শিশু উদ্যান)}} is owned by Gangarampur Municipality,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://yellowpages.cybo.com/IN-biz/kalitala-children-park|title=Kalitala Children Park |publisher=Cybo|access-date=2017-08-16}}</ref> and is located at [[National Highway 512 (India)|National Highway 512]] and adjacent with [[Punarbhaba River]] in Gangarampur city.

===Movie theater===
There are two [[movie theater]]s showing [[Tollywood (Bengali cinema)|Bengali]] and [[Bollywood|Hindi]] movies.{{citation needed|date=November 2019}}

==See also==
*[[Gangarampur College]]
*[[Gangarampur Railway Station]]
*[[Bangarh]]
*[[Gangarampur Government Polytechnic]]
*[[Kaldighi]]
*[[Gangarampur Stadium]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{wikivoyage}}

{{Dakshin Dinajpur}}
{{Dakshin Dinajpur topics}}
{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}

[[Category:Gangarampur| ]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Dakshin Dinajpur district]]
[[Category:Dakshin Dinajpur district]]
[[Category:Cities in West Bengal]]

G. D. Melanchthon

2026-04-25T08:22:53Z

AnnettaCastanon:

{{Short description|Indian theologian}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox clergy
| child =
| honorific_prefix =
| name =G. D. Melanchthon<ref name="Gazette">''The [[Andhra Pradesh]] Gazette,'' [https://books.google.com/books?id=70hbSHzIfHEC&q=godi Part 1, 1962, p.259]</ref>
| honorific_suffix =
| image = G. D. Melanchthon.jpg
| image_size = 175px
| alt =
| caption = Melanchthon in the 1960s
| pronunciation =
| birth_name = Godi Daniel Melanchthon<ref name="Gazette"/>
| birth_date ={{Birth date|df=yes|1934|11|20}}<ref name="Directory"/>
| birth_place = [[Ramachandrapuram, East Godavari]] ([[Andhra Pradesh]])
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1994|09|22|1934|11|20}}<ref name="Directory"/>
| death_place = [[Bangalore]] ([[Karnataka]])
| residence =
| other_names = ''Melanchthon ayyagaru''
| citizenship =
| education = [[Bachelor of Arts|B. A.]] ([[Andhra University|Andhra]]), [[Master of Arts|M. A.]]<ref name="Chandran"/> (Andhra), [[Bachelor of Divinity|B. D.]]<ref name="Chandran"/> ([[Senate of Serampore College (University)|Serampore]]), [[Master of Theology|M. Th.]]<ref name="Chandran"/> (Serampore),<ref name="Directory">K. M. Hiwale (Compiled), ''Directory of the [[United Theological College, Bangalore|United Theological College]] 1910-1997'', Bangalore, 1997. Past faculty of the college p.6.[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/298691480]</ref> [[Research|Research exposure]] ([[Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago|LSTC]] and [[Birmingham University|Birmingham]])<ref name="Chandran"/>
| alma_mater =
*[[Andhra Christian College]], [[Guntur]] (Andhra Pradesh),
*[[Andhra University]], [[Waltair]] (Andhra Pradesh),
*[[Gurukul Lutheran Theological College]], [[Madras]] ([[Tamil Nadu]]),
*[[Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago]] ([[United States]]),<ref name="Chandran"/>
*[[Selly Oak Colleges]], [[Birmingham]] ([[United Kingdom]])<ref name="Chandran"/>
| occupation = [[Pastor]]
| years_active = 1961<ref name="Gazette"/> to 1994<ref name="Directory"/> (33 years)
| spouse = Katie Vyduryam-Melanchthon<ref name="Monica"/>
| children =
*Monica Jyotsna Melanchthon,<ref name="Monica">Monica J. Melanchthon, ''Rejection by God: The History and Significance of the Rejection Motif in the Hebrew Bible'', Peter Lang, [[Frankfurt]], 2001, pp.ix-x.[https://books.google.com/books?id=3LsQAQAAIAAJ&q=godi+daniel+melanchthon]</ref>
*Esther Suhasini-Williams,<ref name="Monica"/>
*Mary Louise Shanti-Devadas,<ref name="Monica"/>
*Rebecca Naveena-Roberts<ref name="Monica"/>
| parents = [[Smt.]] Mary (Mother), [[Sri]] Godi Jesudas (Father)
| relatives =
| known_for = Insights on [[Hinduism]]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=35bjAAAAMAAJ&q=g.d.melanchton ''Asian Religious Studies Information'', Volumes 3-4, 1988, p.106]</ref>
| religion = [[Christianity]]
| church = [[Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church|Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church Society]]<ref name="Gazette"/>
| ordained = 1961, [[K. Krupadanam]], AELC
| laicized =
| writings =
*1967, ''A study of the idea and meaning of God with special reference to the 11th chapter of [[Bhagavad Gita]] in the context of Renascent Hinduism'',<ref name="Thesis"/>
*1968, ''Visvarupasandarsanam and its relevance for today'',<ref name="BTF">''[[Bangalore Theological Forum]]'', Volume II, Number 1, 1968, pp.29-46. Cited in ''Index to Volumes I-X of the [[Bangalore Theological Forum]]'' in ''[[Bangalore Theological Forum]]'', Volume XI, Number 1, January–June, 1979, p.86.</ref>
*1980, ''Hindu Impact on the Christian Attitude to [[Scripture]]''<ref>[[Gnana Robinson]] (Edited), ''Influence of Hinduism on Christianity: papers presented at the Seminar on Hindu Influence on Christianity, held at the [[Tamil Nadu Theological Seminary]], Arasaradi, [[Madurai]], October 20–22, 1978'', [[Tamil Nadu Theological Seminary]], [[Madurai]], 1980.[https://books.google.com/books?id=4hI7AAAAMAAJ&q=g.d.melanchton]</ref>
*1986, ''Mission and Evangelism in a Pluralistic Context''<ref name="HMI">''The Bulletin of the Henry Martyn Institute of Islamic Studies'', Volumes 9-10, 1986, pp.[https://books.google.com/books?id=-QgqAQAAMAAJ&q=g.d.melanchthon]</ref>
| congregations = [[Kothapeta, East Godavari district]] (Andhra Pradesh) (1961-1963),<ref name="Gazette"/> [[Bangalore Urban district|Bangalore, Bangalore Urban district]] ([[Karnataka]]) (1968-1988)<ref name="Florence"/>
| offices_held =
| title = The Reverend
| website = 
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| footnotes =
}}
{{Portal|Christianity}}
'''G. D. Melanchthon'''<ref name="Gazette"/> (20 November 1934 – 22 September 1994)<ref name="Directory"/> was a [[Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church|Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church Society]] [[priest]] who taught [[religion]],<ref name="Israel">Israel Selvanayagam, ''The Dynamics of Hindu Traditions: The [[Teape Lectures]] on Sacrifice, [[Bhagvad Gita|Gīta]] and Dialogue'', Asian Trading Corporation, [[Bangalore]], 1996, p.14.[https://books.google.com/books?id=nlHkAAAAMAAJ&q=melanchthon]</ref> at [[United Theological College, Bangalore]] from 1968<ref name="Directory"/> until the latter half of the 1980s, with his career being brought to an abrupt end in 1988<ref name="Directory"/> when he was stricken with [[paralysis]]. Melanchthon used to be quite active among the academic community along with [[Chrysostom Arangaden]], [[Arvind P. Nirmal]] and others in not only delivering scholarly talks,<ref>''[[National Council of Churches Review]]'', Volume 90, p.119.[https://books.google.com/books?id=jwrZAAAAMAAJ&q=melanchthon]</ref> but also in contributing research articles<ref name="BTF"/> and reviewing new titles.<ref>''[[Bangalore Theological Forum]]'', Volume IX, Number 1, January–June 1977, pp.54-58. G. D. Melanchthon (Reviewed): [[S. J. Samartha]] (Edited), ''Towards World Community: the Colombo Papers'', [[World Council of Churches]], Geneva, 1975.</ref>

Melanchthon was born in [[Ramachandrapuram, East Godavari]] ([[Andhra Pradesh]]) into a [[Christians|Christian family]] and was raised in accordance with [[Lutheranism|Lutheran traditions]]. The [[history of Christianity]]<ref name="Gazetteer">W. Francis, et al., ''Gazetteer of South India'', Volume 1, Mittal Publications, [[New Delhi]], 1989, p.293.[https://books.google.com/books?id=_RG2x2xDQ5UC&dq=catholic+ramachandrapuram&pg=PA293]</ref> in Ramachandrapuram is attributed to the [[The Jesuits|French Jesuits]]<ref>C. B. Firth, ''An Introduction to Indian Church History'', SSC/ISPCK, [[Serampore]]/[[New Delhi]], 1961, p.119.[https://books.google.com/books?id=dRNLwgEACAAJ&q=An+Introduction+to+Indian+Church+History+firth]</ref> and the [[Canadian Baptist Ministries|Canadian Baptists]],<ref name="Gazetteer"/><ref>''The St. Thomas Christian Encyclopaedia of India'', Volume 1, 1982, p.108.[https://books.google.com/books?id=eQ3ZAAAAMAAJ&q=CBM+church+ramachandrapuram]</ref> dating to the latter half of the nineteenth century. In 1892<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=12ZQAQAAMAAJ&q=1892+canadian+baptist+ramachandrapuram ''Baptist Missionary Review,'' Volume 22, 1916, pp.98, 175, 291]</ref> the [[Canadian Baptist Ministries]] began their ministry through an [[integral mission]] comprising [[Spirituality|spiritual]], [[educational]] and [[healing]] components with a church (1892),<ref name="Sunanda"/> an all-girls Raja Cockshutt School (1898),<ref name="Sunanda">G. Beulah Pearl Sunanda, ''The Missionary Enterprise of the Canadian Baptist Church in [[Andhra Pradesh]] - An Appraisal'', Dissertation submitted to [[Acharya Nagarjuna University]], [[Nagarjuna Nagar Halt railway station|Nagarjunanagar]], 2012, pp.151, 234. [http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in:8080/jspui/bitstream/10603/124140/12/12_chapter%204.pdf][https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/124140/14/14_chapter%206.pdf]</ref> and J. D. Kellock Home for Lepers<ref>C. E. Macleod (Edited), ''Baptist Year Book 1916: For Ontario, Quebec and Western Canada'', Baptist Convention of Ontario and Quebec, Toronto, 1916, p.36.[https://books.google.com/books?id=2lVQAQAAMAAJ&q=Kellock&pg=PA36]</ref> (1903).<ref>'' [[Imperial Gazetteer of India]]'', Volume XII, 1908, Trübner and Co., [[London]], 1886, p.297.[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/text.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V12_303.gif]</ref> Not only did the emerging Christian missions through [[Canadian Baptist Ministries]] mould Melanchthon's growth in [[Christianity]], but as an [[adolescent]], he also came under the influence of the popular [[Evangelism|evangelist]], [[A. B. Masilamani]], [[CBCNC]], who was ministering as a priest between 1944 and 1947<ref>G. Isaiah (Edited), ''Centenary Souvenir of Yesu Premalayam Church'', Ramachandrapuram, 2000, p.16</ref> in Ramachandrapuram. Masilamani's ability to make use of [[Homiletics]] made a definitive impact on the faith journey of early [[Telugu Christian]]s, a fact recollected by the [[Old Testament]] scholar, G. Babu Rao,<ref>G. Babu Rao, ''Content Analysis of Theological Syllabi – Old Testament'' in ''Religion and Society'', Volume XXXII, Number 3, September 1985. [https://books.google.com/books?um=1&q=g.babu+rao+doctoral+studies&btnG=Search+Books]</ref> CBCNC.<ref name="Babu">G. Babu Rao, in ''Souvenir of Birth Centenary Greetings of Rev. Dr. [[A. B. Masilamani]]'', New Life Associates, Hyderabad, 2014, p.19</ref>

==Studies==
After completing schooling from Ramachandrapuram, Melanchthon proceeded to AELC-[[Andhra Christian College]], [[Guntur]], for [[Pre-university course|pre-university]] and [[Undergraduate education|undergraduate studies]] leading to [[Bachelor of Arts|B.A.]] This was during the tenure of [[Rai Sahib|Rao Saheb]] T. S. Paulus,<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=BrgDAAAAMAAJ&q=t.s.paulus+D.+Litt. ''The Commonwealth Year Book'', Volume 2, 1956, p.518]</ref> as principal. Continuing his academics, Melanchthon proceeded to [[Waltair]] and enrolled for a [[Postgraduate education|postgraduate programme]] leading to [[Master of Arts|M.A.]] at [[Andhra University]]. Incidentally, the [[geologist]], [[Bunyan Edmund Vijayam]], was also studying at the university during the same time, and the two were contemporaries. The university was headed by [[Vice-chancellor]] [[V. S. Krishna]] during that period. Initially, after his postgraduate studies, Melanchthon worked in the [[Andhra Pradesh Government]] serving in a [[Mandal Office]]. Around this time, he found his calling towards full-time [[priesthood]]. Much like [[Saint Ambrose]] of [[Milan]], the [[Early Church Father]], Melanchthon resigned from [[government service]] and proceeded to the office of the president of the [[Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church]] Society headquartered in [[Guntur]], which was headed by [[G. Devasahayam]], AELC and conveyed his interest in the vocation of [[priesthood]].

===Basic spiritual studies===
By 1958, Melanchthon enrolled at [[Gurukul Lutheran Theological College]], [[Chennai]], an [[Affiliated school|affiliated seminary]] of the [[Senate of Serampore College (University)|Senate of Serampore College]], India's first<ref name="Ray">Sankar Ray in [[Business Line]], 11 April 2008 ''Almost a century later, the charter was endorsed officially under the Bengal Govt Act IV of 1918. '' Internet, accessed 30 November 2008. [http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/life/2008/04/11/stories/2008041150100400.htm]</ref> University founded by the [[Baptist Missions]] led by [[Joshua Marshman]], [[William Carey (missionary)|William Carey]], and [[William Ward (missionary)|William Ward]]. He pursued a graduate programme in [[Bachelor of Divinity|B. D.]] studying under notable faculty consisting of Sigfrid Estborn,<ref>Paul H. von Tucher, ''Nationalism, Case and Crisis in Missions: German Missions in British India, 1939-1946'', 1980, p.128.[https://books.google.com/books?id=lCMRAQAAIAAJ&q=Sigfrid+Estborn]</ref> who was teaching [[History of Christianity]] and [[Ecumenism]], P. David<ref>[http://biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/ijt/10-3_116.pdf ''Indian Journal of Theology'', Volume 10, Issue 3, pp.116-122]</ref> teaching [[religions]], R. A. Martin<ref>R. A. Martin, ''The Date of the Cleansing of the Temple in John 2 : 13-22'' in ''[[Indian Journal of Theology]]'', Volume 15, Issue 2, pp.52-56. [http://biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/ijt/15-2_052.pdf]</ref> who was teaching [[biblical studies]] and Jacob Kumaresan<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=-8nL0SngQl0C&q=jacob+kumaresan+gurukul ''Indian Church History Review'', Volumes 6-7, 1972, p.70]</ref> teaching [[systematic theology]]. His companions were [[Kambar Manickam]], TELC, K. James Carl, [[South Andhra Lutheran Church|SALC]], G. Emmanuel, AELC<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://aelc.co.in/en/about-us/presidents-moderators/99-g-emmanuel |title=''The Rev. G. Emmanuel, AELC (1936-2000)'' |access-date=23 September 2019 |archive-date=23 September 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923083630/http://aelc.co.in/en/about-us/presidents-moderators/99-g-emmanuel |url-status=dead }}</ref> and also [[M. Victor Paul]], [[Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church|AELC]], [[:de:Johnson Gnanabaranam]], [[Tamil Evangelical Lutheran Church|TELC]], [[T. B. D. Prakasa Rao]], CSI, among others, who were studying at the seminary at varying periods of study. By the end of the three-year course in 1961,<ref name="SC"/> Melanchthon performed well in his examinations and secured two university-level prizes, ''[[viz.]]'', [[George Howells|George Howells Prize]] in [[History of Religions]]<ref name="SC"/> and [[Biblical studies|Senators' Prize in Biblical Studies]]<ref name="SC"/> and was awarded a [[Bachelor of Divinity]] degree by the [[Senate of Serampore College (University)]] in the ensuing convocation of 1962 led by its [[Registrar (education)|registrar]], [[C. Devasahayam]], [[CBCNC]].

===Advanced spiritual studies===
After a couple of years of [[Parish minister|parish ministry]] between 1961 and 1965, Melanchthon returned to his ''[[Alma mater]]'' to pursue a postgraduate course leading to [[Master of Theology|M. Th.]], specializing in religions, between 1965 and 1967,<ref name="Thesis">Zaihmingthanga (Compiled), ''Thesis Titles - M.Th., M.R.S., D.D., D.Th'', [[Board of Theological Education of the Senate of Serampore College]], Bangalore, 1991, p.29.</ref> where he worked out a thesis entitled ''A study of the idea and meaning of God with special reference to the 11th chapter of [[Bhagavad Gita]] in the context of Renascent Hinduism''<ref name="Thesis"/> under the guidance of P. David. As part of his two-year course, Melanchthon also became a research student at the Christian Institute for the Study of Religion and Society, [[Bangalore]].<ref name="R&S">[https://books.google.com/books?id=rQoqAAAAYAAJ&q=g.d.melanchthon ''Religion and Society'', Volume 12, Number 1, March 1965, p.83]</ref> The institute was headed by [[M. M. Thomas]], then director<ref>[[Boston University]], ''Thomas, M(adathilparampil) M(ammen) (1916-1996) - Indian Church Leader and World Ecumenical Leader''. [http://www.bu.edu/missiology/missionary-biography/t-u-v/thomas-madathilparampil-mammen-1916-1996/]</ref> and Herbert Jai Singh, then assistant director.<ref name="R&S"/>

When the 1970s began, Melanchthon got qualified to pursue [[doctoral studies]] and availed study leave<ref name="Chandran"/> from the United Theological College, Bangalore. He enrolled with the [[Senate of Serampore College (University)]]<ref name="Chandran"/> to undertake studies leading to [[Doctor of Theology|D. Th.]],<ref name="Chandran">[[Joshua Russell Chandran]] (Compiled), ''Annual Report 1973-1974'', UTC, Bangalore, 1974. From Archives of Gossner Mission, 1970-1974 at [[Berlin]].[http://kab.scopearchiv.ch/Data/1/D7157.pdf]</ref> specializing in [[religions]]. He was a recipient of a study scholarship in 1972<ref name="WCC">[[World Council of Churches]], ''Archives Inventory - Asia - India''. Reference code 4213.3.1.13bis, 1970-1977.[http://archives.wcc-coe.org/Query/resultatliste.aspx] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150825223039/http://archives.wcc-coe.org/Query/resultatliste.aspx|date=25 August 2015}}</ref> from the [[World Council of Churches]] (Theological Education Fund),<ref name="WCC"/> which he utilized to proceed on research exposure to [[Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago]]<ref name="Chandran"/> in the [[United States]]. In the ensuing year, by September 1973,<ref name="Chandran"/> he moved to [[Selly Oak Colleges]], [[Birmingham]]<ref name="Chandran"/> ([[United Kingdom]]), where he continued his research under able scholars from 1973 to 1975.<ref>Esther Suhasini-Williams, ''Women on the move - Her story'', LWF Archives. Also see, Edmond Yee, [[Paul Rajashekar|P. Paul Rajashekar]] (Edited and Compiled), ''Abundant Harvest: stories of Asian Lutherans'', Lutheran University Press, [[Minneapolis]], 2012, p.306-308.[https://wicas.lutheranworld.org/sites/default/files/documents/monica_melanchton_0.pdf]</ref> However, by the turn of the academic year 1975–1976, Melanchthon had to return to Bangalore to resume his teaching duties as his request for extension of leave was not granted, a move which brought an end<ref>There have been instances of doctoral students being asked to return to their institutions ending their doctoral programme abruptly. [[Rene Van de Walle]], [[Ryder Devapriam]], [[Kambar Manickam]], [[G. D. V. Prasad]], [[Govada Dyvasirvadam|G. Dyvasirvadam]], [[Ravela Joseph]] and others had to leave their doctoral programme mid-way. Similarly, [[B. V. Subbamma]] too was asked to return from her doctoral studies in the [[United States]], but she could make efforts to fast-track her doctoral programme and was able to complete it before her return to [[India]].</ref> to his [[doctoral programme]].

==Career as pastor and teacher==
After Melanchthon stepped out of the portals of his seminary in 1961, he was ordained as a [[pastor]] of [[Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church]] Society by [[K. Krupadanam]], AELC, then president. Melanchthon then began to minister in [[Konaseema]] region at [[Kothapeta, East Godavari district]] in the 1960s,<ref name="Gazette"/> where Christianity was propagated in the [[River delta|Delta region]]<ref>Martin Luther Dolbeer, ''The [[Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church]]: A Brief History'', [[Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church]] Society, [[Rajahmundry]], 1951, p.49.[https://books.google.com/books?id=YGLZAAAAMAAJ&q=kothapeta]</ref> by the Lutheran missions in the late 19th century led by a [[Germans|German]] missionary, Rudolph F. A. Arps.<ref>''Minutes of the Eleventh Biennial Convention of the United Lutheran Church in America'', Volumes 11-12, [[United Lutheran Church in America]], Board of Publication of the United Lutheran Church in America, 1938, p.155.[https://books.google.com/books?id=Lx1KAAAAMAAJ&q=rudolph+f.a.arps]</ref> [[Parishioners]] were [[Agricultural labourer]]s<ref name="Census">''[[Census of India]]'', 1961, Volume 2, 1962, p.102.[https://books.google.com/books?id=dg-LWgiU0UUC&q=ferry]</ref> and access to Kothapeta, in [[Konaseema]] area used to be through a [[ferry]]<ref name="Census"/> across the [[Godavari River|Gautami-Godavari River]], one of the [[Estuary|estuaries]] of [[Godavari River]], from [[Kapileswarapuram, East Godavari district|Kapileswarapuram]]<ref>Sir [[William Wilson Hunter]], ''[[Imperial Gazetteer of India]]'', Volume 7, Second Edition, Trübner and Co., [[London]], 1886, p.440.[https://books.google.com/books?id=QLQBAAAAYAAJ&q=kothapeta&pg=PA440]</ref> on the opposite [[Bank (geography)|bank]]. After serving as a pastor, Melanchthon returned to his ''[[alma mater]]'' in 1965 to take up a postgraduate course.<ref name="Thesis"/>

In 1968,<ref name="Directory"/> during the principalship of [[Joshua Russell Chandran]], Melanchthon joined as [[faculty member]] at [[United Theological College, Bangalore]], where Melanchthon used to teach [[Religions in India]] for students pursuing [[Bachelor of Divinity|B. D.]] for nearly two decades until 1988.<ref name="Directory"/> Many of his graduate students have contributed to the full spectrum of the ministries of the [[Christianity in India|Church in India]], who include, [[R. S. Sugirtharajah]], [[J. W. Gladstone]], [[P. J. Lawrence]], [[S. J. Theodore]], [[Timotheas Hembrom]], [[Dharmakkan Dhanaraj]], [[Paul Rajashekar]], [[H. S. Wilson]], [[Elizabeth Paul]], [[Basil Rebera]], [[Christopher Asir]], [[John Sadananda]], [[Sydney Salins]], [[P. Surya Prakash]], [[D. N. Premnath]], [[M. Mani Chacko]], [[K. David Udayakumar]], [[Evangeline Anderson Rajkumar|Evangeline Anderson-Rajkumar]], [[Reuben Mark|K. Reuben Mark]], Ch. Vasantha Rao,<ref>[https://revcvr.com/?p=242 Ch. Vasantha Rao, ''About'']{{Dead link|date=January 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Rajula Annie Watson|Rajula Annie-Watson]] and others. Among his notable students who specialized in religions, the name of [[D. I. Hans]] stands out.

Other co-faculty teaching religions at UTC, Bangalore at different points of time were [[V. C. Samuel]], [[Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church|MOSC]], [[William Powlas Peery]], AELC, Herbert Jai Singh,<ref>''[[Indian Journal of Theology]]'', Volume 29, Issues 3-4, July–December 1980, pp.149-159.[https://biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/ijt/29-3-4_149.pdf]</ref> MCI, and [[Eric J. Lott]], CSI, David C. Scott,<ref>[https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/190b/bbd66e61176203b10e43ed835c5a78ab0191.pdf ''Hindu-Christian Studies Bulletin'', Volume 2, 1989]</ref> MCI. In addition to his teaching, Melanchthon also used to render ministerial duties at local congregations<ref>Roland Gierth, ''Christian life and work at the pastorate level and [[practical theology]] in South India: An inquiry based on 16 field studies of selected [[Church of South India]] pastorates in Bangalore and the [[Kolar Gold Fields]] ([[Karnataka Central Diocese]]) and a survey of Indian publications on the field of practical theology'', Christian Literature Society, Madras, 1977, p.69.[https://books.google.com/books?id=ySk5AAAAMAAJ&q=melanchthon]</ref> around Bangalore at CSI-St. Peter's Telugu Church<ref name="Florence">Florence Deenadayalan (Edited), ''CSI-St. Peter's Telugu Church 50th Anniversary Souvenir'', Bangalore, 1998.</ref> and other churches.

==Paralytic stroke and death==
During 1987-1988, while Melanchthon went on an assignment to Leonard Theological College, [[Jabalpur]], he also happened to visit [[Pachmarhi]], a hill station, where he suffered a [[paralytic stroke]]. By the time he was brought back to Jabalpur for administering treatment, precious moments were lost due to a lack of immediate medical access, resulting in severe [[brain damage]]. Melanchthon was then taken by rail to Bangalore and treated at the Baptist Hospital, [[Hebbal, Bangalore|Hebbal]]. By then, [[E. C. John]], CSI, who had already taken up the [[Principal (academia)|principalship]], ensured that Melanchthon was kept away from teaching assignments until his recovery. Melanchthon gradually began to recover, but remained confined to his quarters in the campus. However, even after nearly six years of sustained treatment, Melanchthon could not recover fully and died on 22 September 1994.<ref name="Directory"/> [[Gnana Robinson]], CSI, then principal, led the [[academic community]] in paying its [[obeisance]]s. Melanchthon was buried with ecclesiastical honours at [[Hosur]] Indian Christian Cemetery, Bangalore.

==Melanchthon and the case of social security for Theologians==
In Melanchthon's untimely demise, the whole gamut of [[social security]] and [[Health insurance in India|health insurance coverage]] of [[Theology|theologians]] comes to the fore. While the [[State (polity)|state]] has provided means through [[legislation]] to ensure such safety through savings and health schemes, only a few of these are applied to the theological fraternity in India, who are otherwise employed in institutions registered as legal bodies either through [[Indian Trusts Act, 1882]] (e.g. [[Bible Society of India]]), [[Companies Act, 1956]] (e.g. [[Samavesam of Telugu Baptist Churches]]), [[Societies Registration Act, 1860]] (e.g. [[Andhra Christian Theological College]]), or such other [[Legislative act]]s applicable in India. There has only been a selective extension of [[The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972]], [[Employees' State Insurance|The Employees' State Insurance, 1948]], [[Provident fund|Employees' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provident Act, 1952]], in theological institutions, and theologians continue to be at risk being at the sole mercy of the institution and its management. A few of the notable theologians who met untimely deaths while still in service include [[Mutyala Theophilus]] (1895-1946), [[D. S. Amalorpavadass]] (1932-1990), [[George Soares-Prabhu]] (1929-1995), and others, with the recent one being [[Siga Arles]] (1950-2015). The [[Cantabrigian]] and [[Old Testament]] Scholar, [[Victor Premasagar]] (1927-2005), then on a teaching assignment with [[Bethel Bible College, Guntur]] had been at the receiving end due to medical negligence of an [[ophthalmologist]] and had issues with visibility and later met his death in the institution, while being its principal.

Somehow, the extended arm of social security as envisaged by the State for the good of every [[Citizen of India]] employed in some entity or the other, seems to elude theologians. [[Christianity in India]] dates back to [[AD 52]]. The Indian [[yogi]] and [[Mysticism|mystic]], [[Jaggi Vasudev]], believes that the Church is organized, but he seemed to have said that in matters of organizational setup.<ref>Ajay Singh, ''Guru Mantra: This isn't the time for coalition government - Right now the coalition that we are seeing is just about winning the election, says Sadhguru [[Jaggi Vasudev]] on Opposition's attempt to form a grand alliance against Modi government in the upcoming Lok Sabha Election'', [[Firstpost]], 16 September 2019.[https://www.firstpost.com/india/guru-mantra-this-isnt-the-time-for-coalition-government-6054401.html]</ref> In Melanchthon's case, apprehensions were cast on his health issue and usability to the institution, resulting in moves to dislodge him from his quarters due to non-performance of teaching tasks, but it was met with resistance from certain sections of [[alumni]], notable among whom include a [[New Testament]] scholar,<ref>S. K. Patro, ''One National Structure of Theological Education in India - [[Senate of Serampore College (University)|Senate of Serampore College]] and [[Board of Theological Education of the Senate of Serampore College]]'', 2016, p.79.[http://www.senateofseramporecollege.edu.in/wp/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/senateReport_2016.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918105207/http://www.senateofseramporecollege.edu.in/wp/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/senateReport_2016.pdf|date=18 September 2017}}</ref> best known for his administration of the [[Senate of Serampore College (University)]] during the 1970s as well as an [[Old Testament]] scholar,<ref name="Periodical">[https://books.google.com/books?id=txUnAQAAIAAJ&q=babu+rao+old+testament ''Guide to Indian Periodical Literature'', Volume 23, 1989, p.57]</ref> better known in theological circles for his scholarship<ref>Godwin Shiri (Compiled), ''A Catalogue of CISRS Publications - A complete listing of CISRS publications 1953-2006'', CISRS, Bangalore, 2007, p.p.155.</ref> of the [[Old Testament]] having associated with the [[Serampore College]]<ref>''The Story of Serampore and its College'', Council of [[Senate of Serampore College (University)|Serampore College]], Serampore (Fourth Edition), 2005, p.92.[https://books.google.com/books?id=3zLPAAAAMAAJ&q=the+story+of+serampore+and+its+college]</ref> and [[Andhra Christian Theological College]] as faculty member from the 1970s. As such, the principal, [[E. C. John]], chose to tread the ground of [[Humanity (virtue)|humaneness]] by ensuring social security to a fellow theologian who suffered from a [[paralytic stroke]] during the course of his employment with the institution.
{{S-start}}
{{S-aca}}
{{Succession box
| before=[[S. J. Samartha]],<ref name="Directory"/> CSI| title=Teacher - in - Religions, [[United Theological College, Bangalore|United Theological College]], [[Bangalore]]|after=[[William Powlas Peery|William P. Peery]], [[Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church|AELC]] [[Eric J. Lott]],<ref name="Directory"/> CSI| years=1968-1994<ref name="Directory">K. M. Hiwale (Compiled), ''Directory of the [[United Theological College, Bangalore|United Theological College]] 1910-1997'', Bangalore, 1997. Past faculty of the college p.6.[https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/298691480]</ref>}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-ach|aw}}
{{s-bef | before = R. G. Shaefer, [[Baptist Missionary Society|BMS]]<ref>John M. Balmer, Jr., ''Nonformal Pastoral Ministry Training in the Majority World: Four case studies'', [[Columbia International University]], Columbia, May 2008, p.98.[https://slidex.tips/download/nonformal-pastoral-ministry-training-in-the-majority-world-four-case-studies-joh#modals]</ref>}}
{{s-ttl | title = Recipient of [[George Howells|George Howells Prize]] ([[History of Religions]])<ref name="SC">[[Serampore College]], ''Reports 1964-1965 - The Report of the President of the [[Senate of Serampore College (University)]] for 1965'', Serampore, 1965, pp.17-18.</ref> | years = 1961<ref name="SC"/>}}
{{s-aft | after = J. A. Gonsalves, [[Church of North India|CNI]]<ref>[[Mar Aprem Mooken]], ''Indian Christian Who is Who'', Bombay Parish Church of the East, Bombay, 1983, p.39.[https://books.google.com/books?id=u2s5AAAAMAAJ&q=bishop+j.a.gonsalves+ranchi]</ref>}}
{{s-bef | before = V. E. Varghese, [[Mar Thoma Syrian Church of Malabar|MMTSC]]<ref>V. E. Varghese, ''The Concept of [[Deification]] and its Relation to [[Christian ethics]]: In the writings of the [[Cappadocian Fathers]]'', M. Th. thesis, Bangalore, U.T.C. Library, 1973. Cited by T. Swami Raju, ''The Study of Religion: Methods of Perspectives'', [[BTESSC]]/[[SATHRI]], Bangalore, 2004.[https://books.google.com/books?id=VpnXAAAAMAAJ&q=varghese+The+concept+of+deification+and+its+relation+to+christian]</ref>}}
{{s-ttl | title = Recipient of [[Biblical studies|Senators' Prize in Biblical Studies]]<ref name="SC"/> | years = 1961<ref name="SC"/>}}
{{s-aft | after = G. S. Albert Ezekiel, [[CBCNC]]<ref>''Press in India,'' Part 2, Office of the [[Registrar of Newspapers for India]], New Delhi, 1963, p.22.[https://books.google.com/books?id=60XQAAAAMAAJ&q=g.s.albert+ezekiel]</ref>}}
{{s-end}}

==References==
;Notes
{{Reflist}}
;Further reading
* {{cite book |last=Richardson|first=Kolluri Luther |date=2003|title=Towards Self-Reliance : A historical survey of the programmes and efforts of Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church from 1927–1969|location=Vijayawada|publisher=Christopher and Kanakaiah}}
* {{cite book |last=Hiwale (Compiled)|first=Kamalakar M.|date=1997|title=Directory of the United Theological College 1910-1997|location=Bangalore|publisher=United Theological College|oclc=298691480}}
* {{cite book |last=Zaihmingthanga (Compiled)|date=1991|title=Thesis Titles - M.Th., M.R.S., D.D., D.Th|location=Bangalore|publisher=[[Board of Theological Education of the Senate of Serampore College]]}}
* {{cite book|last=Paul|first=Bandlamudi Chinna|date=1984|title=The Emergence of a Church in South India: A Study of the Growth and Development of the Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church: 1905–1927|url=http://archive.elca.org/archives/dgm/India.html|location=Chicago|publisher=[[Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago]]|access-date=11 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110712112221/http://archive.elca.org/archives/dgm/India.html|archive-date=12 July 2011|url-status=dead}}
* {{cite book |last=Dolbeer|first=Martin Luther|date=1951|title=The Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church: A Brief History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YGLZAAAAMAAJ&q=narsapur+lutheran
|location=Rajahmundry|publisher=[[Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church|Andhra Evangelical Lutheran Church Society]]}}
{{Portal bar|Biography|India|Religion}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Melanchthon, G. D.}}
[[Category:Telugu people]]
[[Category:Christian clergy from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Senate of Serampore College (University) alumni]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the Senate of Serampore College (University)]]
[[Category:Andhra University alumni]]
[[Category:1934 births]]
[[Category:1994 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Lutheran clergy]]
[[Category:Scholars from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian lecturers]]
[[Category:Indian Christian theologians]]
[[Category:Lutheran writers]]
[[Category:Religious studies scholars]]
[[Category:Christian clergy from Bengaluru]]
[[Category:Leonard Theological College alumni]]

Sanjiv N. Sahai

2026-04-24T21:16:36Z

AnnettaCastanon: Added New Entry

{{Short description|Independent Director of Bajaj Finserv}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{COI|date=February 2014}}
{{Notability|Biographies|date=February 2014}}
{{Independent sources|date=February 2014}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Sanjiv N Sahai, [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]] (Retd.)
| native_name =
| image = Sanjiv N Sahai - Original.jpg
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1961|1|14|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Bhagalpur]], [[Bihar]], [[India]]
| office = [[Director (business)|Independent Director]] of [[Bajaj Finserv]]
| term_start = 1 March 2025
| appointer = [[Board of directors]] of [[Bajaj Finserv]]
| office1 = [[Secretary to the Government of India|Power Secretary of India]]
| appointer1 = [[Appointments Committee of the Cabinet]]
| predecessor1 = [[Subhash Chandra Garg]]
| successor1 = Alok Kumar
| term_start1 = 2019
| term_end1 = 2021
| office2 = [[Additional Secretary to the Government of India|Additional Power Secretary of India]]
| term_start2 = March 2018
| term_end2 = July 2019
| office3 = Principal [[Secretary]] of Finance, Home Planning
of [[Government of Delhi]]
| term_end3 = December 2014
| term_start3 = March 2018
| alma_mater = ([[Masters of Arts|M.A.]]) [[Hindu College, Delhi]] [[Delhi University]] 
([[Master of Public Policy]] in Public Policy and Finance)[[Princeton University]]
| occupation = retired [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS Officer]]
}}
'''Sanjiv N. Sahai''' (born 14 January 1961) is a [[retired]] [[Indian Administrative Service|Indian Administrative Service officer]] of 1986 batch of [[Arunachal Pradesh-Goa-Mizoram and Union Territories cadre]] who is currently serving as the [[Director (business)|Independent Director]] of [[Bajaj Finserv]] since March 1, 2025<ref>{{Cite web|title= Sanjiv N Sahai|url=https://www.aboutbajajfinserv.com/sanjiv-sahai|website= [[Bajaj Finserv]]|language=en}}</ref> and before that he served as the [[Secretary to the Government of India|Power Secretary of India]].<ref>{{cite web |last=SAHAI |first=SANJEEV NANDAN |date=31 January 2021 |title=Sanjeev Nandan Sahai IAS Secretary - Ministry of Power |url=http://documents.doptcirculars.nic.in/D2/D02eod/OrdSyA20210123bBxis.PDF |website= |publisher=Govt of India, DOPT, ACC}}</ref>

==Early life==
Sanjiv N. Sahai was born in [[Bhagalpur, Bihar]]. He spent his childhood in [[Jamshedpur]], [[Jharkhand]] where he attended Loyola School. He moved to [[New Delhi]] to study history at [[Hindu College, Delhi]]. He has a [[master's degree]] in public policy from [[Princeton University]], where he focused on economic policy.{{citation needed|date=September 2024}}

He was a Robert McNamara fellow at [[Princeton University]],<ref>{{cite web |date=14 May 2013 |title=RSM Fellowships Program |url=http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/WBI/EXTWBISFP/EXTRSMFP/0,,menuPK:552352~pagePK:64168427~piPK:64168435~theSitePK:551843,00.html |access-date=27 January 2014 |publisher=Web.worldbank.}}</ref> and a recipient of the [[World Bank scholarship|Joint Japan World Bank Fellowship]].{{citation needed|date=September 2024}}

==Career==
Sanjiv Sahai started his career with [[Tata Group]], and went on to join the [[Indian Administrative Service]] (IAS) in 1986.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://in.linkedin.com/in/sanjiv-sahai-ias-38b8007|title=Linkedin - About|date=14 January 2020|newspaper=[[LinkedIn]]|access-date=14 January 2020}}</ref> He served in a range of positions, including five years in the [[Prime Minister's Office (India)|Prime Minister's Office]], where he was worked closely on road and transport infrastructure. In 2004, he was also the chairman and managing director of [[Delhi Transport Corporation]], while serving as the Secretary-cum-Commissioner of Transport for the Delhi Government. Later in 2005, he was appointed as the chairman of the Chandigarh Housing Board by the [[Ministry of Home Affairs (India)|Union Ministry of Home Affairs]].<ref>{{cite news |date=1 November 2019 |title=Sanjeev Nandan Sahai assumes charge as Secretary, Ministry of Power |newspaper=United News of India (Delhi) ,UNI |place=Delhi |url=http://www.uniindia.com/sanjeev-nandan-sahai-assumes-charge-as-secretary-ministry-of-power/india/news/1776428.html |access-date=14 January 2020}}</ref>

In 2007 he was nominated by the [[Infrastructure Development Finance Company]] (IDFC) as managing director and CEO of the [[Delhi Integrated Multi-Modal Transit System]] (DIMTS),<ref>{{cite web |date=1 November 2019 |title=Sanjeev Nandan Sahai takes charge as Power Secretary |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/sanjeev-nandan-sahai-takes-charge-as-power-secretary/articleshow/71852096.cms |access-date=14 January 2020 |website=economictimes indiatimes}}</ref> an urban transport and infrastructure development company with equal equity from the [[Government of Delhi]] (GNCTD) and the IDFC Foundation.<ref>{{cite web |title=IDFC Foundation - Financial Services and Infrastructure Development |url=http://www.idfc.com/foundation/index.htm |access-date=27 January 2014 |publisher=Idfc |archive-date=21 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921165702/http://www.idfc.com/foundation/index.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 2015, Sahai was appointed Finance Secretary and Home Secretary in the Government of Delhi,{{citation needed|date=September 2024}} where he led the team tasked with formulating the budget. His tenure as Home Secretary was marked by stand off between the [[Aam Aadmi Party]] Government and the [[Lieutenant Governor of Delhi]] over policing and justice affairs.{{citation needed|date=September 2024}}

In May 2018, Sahai was posted as additional secretary to the [[Government of India]] in the [[Ministry of Power (India)|Ministry of Power]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.indianexpress.com/article/cities/delhi/delhi-finance-secretary-transferred-to-power-ministry-5162619/ |title=Delhi Finance Secretary transferred to Power ministry |newspaper=The Indian Express |date=4 May 2018}}</ref>

On 1 November 2019, Sahai became secretary to the [[Government of India]] in the [[Ministry of Power (India)|Ministry of Power]] and served there till 31 January 2021.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/sanjeev-nandan-sahai-takes-charge-as-power-secretary/articleshow/71852096.cms|title=Sanjeev Nandan Sahai takes charge as Power Secretary|newspaper=The Economic Times|date=1 November 2019}}</ref>

After his retirement as secretary, Sahai was appointed as director of the [[Nehru Memorial Museum & Library]] in March 2022 where he served till March 2025.<ref>{{Cite news| url= https://nehrumemorial.nic.in/contact.html| title= NMML}}</ref>

He is currently serving as the [[Director (business)|Independent Director]] of [[Bajaj Finserv]] since March 1, 2025.<ref>{{Cite web|title= Sanjiv N Sahai|url=https://www.aboutbajajfinserv.com/sanjiv-sahai|website= [[Bajaj Finserv]]|language=en}}</ref>

==Awards==
* Governor's gold medal for outstanding service in Arunachal Pradesh{{citation needed|date=September 2024}}
* Asia Pacific HRM Congress Awards’ CEO with HR Orientation Award 2013 by Institute of Public Enterprises (IPE)<ref>{{cite web |date=6 September 2013 |title=Asia Pacific HRM Congress 2013 |url=http://www.asiapacifichrmcongress.com/APHRM%20Awards%202013.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922055804/http://www.asiapacifichrmcongress.com/APHRM%20Awards%202013.html |archive-date=22 September 2013 |access-date=27 January 2014 |publisher=Asiapacifichrmcongress}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*http://www.cseindia.org/userfiles/sanjiv_nsahai.pdf
* [http://www.trafficinfratech.com/interview-improving-integrated-traffic-infrastructure-with-its/ Interview: Improving Integrated Traffic Infrastructure with IT by TrafficInfraTech Magazine]
* [http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-newdelhi/its-rapid-transit-for-majority-experts/article1246330.ece It’s rapid transit for majority: Experts]
* [http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/new-mobile-application-for-womens-safety/article5524158.ece New mobile application for women’s safety]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sahai, Sanjiv N.}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1961 births]]
[[Category:Indian business executives]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Bihar]]
[[Category:Princeton University alumni]]

Neena Kurup

2026-04-24T06:29:35Z

AnnettaCastanon: added new article.

{{short description|Indian actress}}
{{BLP sources|date=February 2013}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Neena Kurup
| image =
| caption = Kurup in 2019
| birth_date =
| birth_place = [[Kozhikode]], Kerala, India
| occupation = {{hlist|Actor|dancer|presenter}}
| yearsactive = 1987{{Endash}}present
}}

'''Neena Kurup''' is an Indian actress who appears in [[Malayalam cinema|Malayalam films]] and television series in supporting roles to character roles.<ref>{{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ge9ebCrvuM |title=Neena kurup in Varthaprabhatham |date=2 September 2012 |publisher=Asianet News |via=YouTube |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141005022433/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ge9ebCrvuM |archive-date=2014-10-05 |url-status=live}} Also [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/9ge9ebCrvuM archived at Ghostarchive] on 11 December 2021</ref>

==Filmography==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ List of Neena Kurup film credits
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Role
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| 1986 || ''[[Gandhinagar 2nd Street]]'' || Student|| Cameo in song
|-
| 1987 || ''Sreedharante Onnam Thirumurivu'' || Aswathy || Debut
|-
| rowspan=3 | 1993 || ''[[Naaraayam (film)|Naarayam]]'' || Hazeez's wife, Hajiyar's daughter||
|-
| ''[[City Police (film)|City Police]]'' || Handicapped & kidnapped lady ||
|-
| ''Porutham'' || Hema ||
|-
| rowspan=3 | 1994 || ''[[Njan Kodiswaran]]'' || Indu ||
|-
| ''Sraadham'' || ||
|-
| ''Snehadooth'' || ||
|-
| rowspan=2 | 1998 || ''[[Punjabi House]]'' || Karishma ||
|-
| ''Sagaracharitham'' || Sreedevi ||
|-
| 2004 || ''[[Rasikan]]'' || Shailaja ||
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2005 || ''[[Lokanathan IAS]]'' || Collector ||
|-
| ''[[Pandippada]]'' || Suma ||
|-
|2007||''[[Kaiyoppu]]''||Lalitha ||
|-
| rowspan="3" |2011||''Pusthakam''||Mallika||
|-
|''Violin''|| Rose ||
|-
|''Steps''|| -||
|-
|2012||''[[Thalsamayam Oru Penkutty]]'' ||Priya ||
|-
| rowspan="2" |2013||''[[Ente (film)|Ente]]/[[Naa Bangaaru Talli]]''||Durga's mother|| Malayalam-[[Telugu language|Telugu]] Bilingual film
|-
| ''[[Bangles (film)|Bangles]]'' ||Adv.Supriya||
|-
| rowspan="5" |2014||''[[Vellivelichathil]]''|| Annie||
|-
|''[[Villali Veeran]]''||Rukmini||
|-
|''[[Ring Master]]'' ||Mini||
|-
|''[[Koothara]]''||Ammini||
|-
|''Endrum Ilamai''||-|| Tamil film
|-
| rowspan="5" |2015||''One Second Please''|| -||
|-
|''Tharakangale Saakshi''||Sulu ||
|-
|''[[KL 10 Patthu]]'' ||Raseena Abdullah||
|-
|''Kanthari''||Doctor||
|-
|''[[Namasthe Bali]]''||Gracy Anto||
|-
| rowspan="10" |2016||''[[Ore Mukham]]'' || Rema||
|-
|''[[Kattappanayile Rithwik Roshan]]''||Neethu's mother||
|-
|''[[Girls (2016 film)|Girls]]/ Thiraikku Varadha Kathai''||Psychologist||Malayalam-[[Tamil language|Tamil]] bilingual film
|-
|''Chinna Dada''||Vanaja||
|-
|''[[Mudhugauv]]''||Lakshmi||
|-
|''[[Ithu Thaanda Police]]''||CPO Elsamma||
|-
| ''Pachakkallam'' ||Aunty||
|-
|''Chennai Koottam'' ||Maami|| Malayalam-[[Tamil language|Tamil]] bilingual film
|-
|''168 Hours''|| Sherly||
|-
|''Sughamaayirikkatte''||- ||
|-
| rowspan="9" |2017||''[[Karutha Sooryan]]''|| Saudamini||
|-
| ''[[Lava Kusha (2017 film)|Lava Kusha]]'' ||Nancy||
|-
| ''[[Solo (2017 film)|Solo]]'' ||Victim' wife ||(Segment:World of Siva) Malayalam -Tamil bilingual film
|-
| ''[[Aakashathinum Bhoomikkumidayil]]''||Kamala||
|-
| ''Bobby''||Ajay's mother||
|-
| ''Vilakkumaram''|| Kalyaniyamma||
|-
| ''Kuppivala''||Jaya Sethu ||
|-
| ''Hello Dubaikkaran''||Sreedevi||
|-
| ''Devayanam''||Kausalya||
|-
| rowspan="15" |2018||''[[Theevandi]]''|| Devi's mother, Shailaja||
|-
| ''[[B.Tech (film)|BTech]]'' ||Smitha Subramaniam||
|-
| ''[[Hey Jude (film)|Hey Jude]]'' || Maria Dominic||
|-
| ''[[Street Lights (film)|Street Lights]]'' || Mariyamma|| Malayalam-Tamil Bilingual film
|-
| ''Snehakoodu''||Sneha's mother||
|-
| ''Mutalaq''|| Swamini||
|-
| ''Jungle.com''|| Maya teacher||
|-
| ''Theekuchiyum Panithulliyum''||Mary ||
|-
| ''[[Thobama]]''||Sindhu ||
|-
|''[[Lolans]]''||Teacher Parvathi ||
|-
|''Nimisham''||- ||
|-
|''Yours Lovingly''|| -||
|-
|''Velakkari Aayirunnalum Nee Enn Mohanavalli''||- ||
|-
|''Angane Njanum Premichu''||- ||
|-
|''Dust Bin''|| ||
|-
| rowspan="17" | 2019||''Oru Nalla Kottayamkkaran''||Eliyamma||
|-
|''Red Signal''||Herself ||
|-
| ''[[Manoharam (2019 film)|Manoharam]]'' || Sumathi ||
|-
| ''Poovalliyum Kunjadum'' ||Indira ||
|-
| ''[[Ambili (film)|Ambili]]'' || Luci Kuriachan||
|-
| ''Ormayil Oru Shishiram'' ||Jalaja ||
|-
|''Appuvinte Sathyanweshanam''||Lakshmi ||
|-
|''Mafi Dona''|| Gheetha||
|-
| ''[[Luca (2019 film)|Luca]]'' ||Adv. Amala ||
|-
| ''[[Allu Ramendran]]''||Amruthesh's mother||
|-
| ''Bolivia''|| Jessy||
|-
| ''Mera Pyari Deshwasyom''||Kalyani ||
|-
| ''Kosrakkollikal''|| Anwar's mother||
|-
| ''Theerumanam''||Muthulakshmi ||
|-
| ''Elakal Pacha Pookkal Manja''||Teacher||
|-
| ''Gramavasees''|| ||
|-
|''Vishudha Pusthakam''|| ||
|-
| rowspan="4" |2020 ||''Love FM''|| Raziya||
|-
|''Sameer''||Nasi's mother ||
|-
|''Vahni''|| Adv. Asha Menon||
|-
|''[[Paapam Cheyyathavar Kalleriyatte]]''||Jancy|||
|-
| rowspan="5" | 2021||''Cabin''|| Sharatha||
|-
|''Kanakam Moolam''||Asst. Commissioner of Police ||
|-
|''Pranayamrutham''|| Kousalya||
|-
|''[[Ole Kanda Naal]]''||Suhara||
|-
|''[[Confessions of a Cuckoo]]''|| Nidhi||
|-
| rowspan="13" | 2022 || ''[[Thallumaala]]'' || Wazim's mother ||
|-
| ''[[Last 6 Hours]]'' || Mother || Malayalam – Tamil bilingual film
|-
| ''[[Autorickshawkarante Bharya]]'' || Radhika's mother||
|-
| ''5il Oral Thaskaran'' || Janaki ||
|-
| ''God Bless You'' || Clara's mom ||
|-
| ''Anandakalyanam'' || Aashique's umma ||
|-
| ''Alli'' || Sumathiyamma ||
|-
| ''Prathi Niraparathiyano'' || Rohini teacher ||
|-
| ''Kochaal'' || Gracy ||
|-
| ''[[Pothum Thala (2022 film)|Pothumthala]]'' || -||
|-
| ''Mahi'' ||Bhanumathi ||
|-
| ''Swami Saranam'' ||- ||
|-
| ''Porkalam'' ||- ||
|-
| rowspan=11 | 2023 || ''[[Christy (2023 film)|Christy]]'' || Elizabeth ||
|-
| ''[[Dear Vaappi]]'' ||Ramla ||
|-
| ''[[Khali Purse of Billionaires]]''||Nidhi's mother ||
|-
| ''[[Aalankam]]'' ||- ||
|-
| ''[[Within Seconds]]'' || ||{{Citation needed|date=July 2023}}
|-
| ''[[Madhura Manohara Moham]]'' || Suseela ||
|-
| ''[[Pendulum (2023 film)|Pendulum]]'' || Dr. Shabnam ||<ref>{{Cite web |last=അനൂപ് |first=കെ ആര്‍ |script-title=ml:Pendulum – Official Trailer 2 മലയാളത്തിലെ ആദ്യ ടൈം ട്രാവല്‍ സിനിമ,'പെന്‍ഡുലം' റിലീസ് പ്രഖ്യാപിച്ചു |url=https://malayalam.webdunia.com/article/film-gossip-in-malayalam/vijay-babu-s-psychological-thriller-pendulum-gets-a-release-date-123060900058_1.html |access-date=2023-07-20 |website=malayalam.webdunia.com |language=ml |archive-date=20 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720125700/https://malayalam.webdunia.com/article/film-gossip-in-malayalam/vijay-babu-s-psychological-thriller-pendulum-gets-a-release-date-123060900058_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| ''Ottamaram'' || Bharathi ||<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2023 |script-title=ml:ബിനോയ് വേളൂർ ഒരുക്കുന്ന 'ഒറ്റമരം'; ഫസ്റ്റ് ലുക്ക് പോസ്റ്റർ പുറത്തിറങ്ങി |url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/binoy-veloor-movie-ottamaram-poster-released-1.8994796 |access-date=16 November 2023 |website=Mathrubhumi |language=ml |archive-date=16 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116125417/https://www.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/news/binoy-veloor-movie-ottamaram-poster-released-1.8994796 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| ''Mr. Hacker'' || ||<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/anna-rajan-starrer-mr-hacker-sets-release-date-for-september-22/articleshow/103634255.cms?from=mdr|title=Anna Rajan starrer 'Mr. Hacker' sets release date for September 22|date=14 September 2023|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=31 January 2024|archive-date=31 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240131091728/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/anna-rajan-starrer-mr-hacker-sets-release-date-for-september-22/articleshow/103634255.cms?from=mdr|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Voice of Sathyanathan]]'' ||Susan's mother ||<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://malayalam.samayam.com/malayalam-cinema/movie-review/dileep-joju-george-veena-nandhakumar-siddique-johny-antoney-jagapati-babu-jude-anthany-joseph-vijayaraghavan-starrer-voice-of-sathyanathan-movie-review-rating-in-malayalam/moviereview/102199949.cms |script-title=ml:വോയ്‌സ് ഓഫ് സത്യനാഥന്‍ |language=ml |trans-title=Voice of Satyanathan |date=28 July 2023 |website=Samayam Malayalam}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Queen Elizabeth (2023 film)|Queen Elizabeth]]'' || Salomi ||<ref>{{Cite web |title=Meera Jasmine and Narain's Queen Elizabeth gets a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/dec/13/meera-jasmine-and-narains-queen-elizabeth-gets-a-release-date-50338.html |access-date=2023-12-20 |website=[[Cinema Express]] |date=13 December 2023 |language=en |archive-date=20 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231220173946/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2023/dec/13/meera-jasmine-and-narains-queen-elizabeth-gets-a-release-date-50338.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2024 || ''[[Vivekanandan Viralanu]]'' ||Diana's mother ||<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-01-04 |title='Vivekanandan Viralanu' teaser: Shine The Tom Chacko starrer revolves around internet virality |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/vivekanandan-viralanu-teaser-shine-the-tom-chacko-starrer-revolves-around-internet-virality/articleshow/106548863.cms |access-date=2024-01-30 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257 |archive-date=5 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240105162219/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/vivekanandan-viralanu-teaser-shine-the-tom-chacko-starrer-revolves-around-internet-virality/articleshow/106548863.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| ''Peppatty'' || ||<ref>{{cite news | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/peppatty-director-salim-baba-says-our-film-has-a-compelling-message-against-substance-abuse/articleshow/106960080.cms | title=Peppatty's director, Salim Baba, says, Our film has a compelling message against substance abuse | newspaper=The Times of India | date=18 January 2024 | access-date=31 January 2024 | archive-date=22 January 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240122204847/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/peppatty-director-salim-baba-says-our-film-has-a-compelling-message-against-substance-abuse/articleshow/106960080.cms | url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| 2025 || ''[[Written & Directed by God]]'' || Mary||<ref>{{Cite web |last=Features |first=C. E. |date=2025-04-17 |title=Saiju Kurup and Sunny Wayne's Written & Directed by God gets a release date |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2025/Apr/17/saiju-kurup-and-sunny-waynes-written-directed-by-god-gets-a-release-date |access-date=2025-04-17 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| 2026 || ''Spa'' || ||<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-02-10 |title=Abrid Shine’s Spa release deferred by a day |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2026/Feb/10/abrid-shines-spa-release-deferred-by-a-day |access-date=2026-02-12 |website=Cinema Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|}

== Television ==
; Serials
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Neena has acted in nearly 75 serials. Some are mentioned below.
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Title
! scope="col" | Channel
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Role
! scope="col" | Notes
|-
|1994||''Kanakachilanga''|| || ||
|-
|1995||''Michaelinte Sandhathikal''|| Lekha || ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|1996||''Gopika'' || || ||
|-
|''Manasi''|| || ||
|-
|rowspan="5"|1997||''Soumini''|| || ||
|-
|''Periyattin Theerathu'' || || ||
|-
|''Eka Tharakam'' || || ||
|-
|''Paying Guest'' ||[[Asianet (TV channel)|Asianet]]|| ||
|-
|''Ladies Hostel'' ||rowspan=6|[[DD Malayalam]]|| ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|1998||''Dhambathyam'' || ||
|-
|''Manjukaalam Mohicha Penkutty''|| ||
|-
|1999||''Koomankolli'' || ||
|-
|2000||''Pravesham'' ||||
|-
|rowspan="2"|2004||''Meghasangeetham'' || ||
|-
|''Culcutta Hospital'' ||rowspan="2"|[[Surya TV]]||||Comeback series
|-
|2007||''Nandanam'' ||||
|-
|2010||''Ponnum Poovum'' ||[[Amrita TV]] || ||
|-
|2010–2011||''Chakravakam'' ||Surya TV|| ||
|-
|2011–2012||''John De Panic'' ||[[Mazhavil Manorama]]|| ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|2012||''Sreekrishnan'' ||Surya TV|| Rohini||
|-
|''Aayirathil Oruval'' ||rowspan="2'|Mazhavil Manorama || ||
|-
|rowspan="4"|2013||''Hridhayam Saakshi''||Seema||
|-
|''Nilapakshi'' ||[[Kairali TV]]|| Saradha ||
|-
|''Innale'' ||rowspan="2"|Surya TV|| ||
|-
|''Pathinu Pathu'' ||||
|-
|2014||''[[Aathira]]'' ||[[Sun TV (India)|Sun TV]]||Suseela||[[Tamil language|Tamil serial]]
|-
|2015||''Indu Lekha'' ||[[Media One]]|| ||
|-
|2016||''Jagratha'' ||Amrita TV|| ||
|-
|2017|| ''Guru'' ||[[Jaihind TV]]|| ||
|-
|rowspan="2"|2018|| ''[[Bhagyajathakam (TV series)|Bhagyajathakam]]'' ||Mazhavil Manorama|| Vasanthi||
|-
|''Gowri'' ||Surya TV||||
|-
|2019–2020||''[[Chackoyum Maryyum]]''||Mazhavil Manorama|| Alice ||
|-
|2021–2022||''[[Manassinakkare (TV series)|Manassinakkare]]'' ||rowspan="2"|Surya TV|| Swamini||
|-
|2021–2024||''[[Kaliveedu (TV series)|Kaliveedu]]''|| Arunima||
|-
|2023||''[[Kudumbavilakku]]'' ||rowspan="2"|Asianet|| Kanaka || Cameo
|-
|2023–present||''[[Patharamattu]]'' ||Kanaka Durga ||
|-
|rowspan="4"|?||''Ushasandhya''|| || ||
|-
|''Samaksham''|| || ||
|-
|''Karppooram''|| || ||
|-
|''Midukki''|| || ||
|}

; Telefilms
* ''Parppidam as Lathika''
* ''Nanma Niranja Umma ''
* ''Kaathirikkathe''
*''Manushyaputhri''
* ''Dany's as Ancy''

;Reality Shows
*''Tharasangamam'' (Asianet)
*''[[Malayalee House]]'' (Surya TV) – fourth runner up

'''TV Shows as a presenter'''
*''Merchants of India'' (Surya TV)
*''Dubai Shopping Festival''
*''Vaalkannadi''
*''Tang 'Quiz the Whiz'''
*''Philips Top Ten''
*''Paattupetti''
*''Wedding Bells''
*''May Flower''
*''Huggies Baby Contest'' (judge)

'''Commercials'''
*''Geebon''
*''Emmanuval Silks''
*''Big Bazar''
*''Manu Granite Gallery''
*''CDC Cashew''
*''Kerala Times''
*''Ano Washing Powder''
*''Mazhavil FM''
*''Vanitha''
*''D Tabata''
*''Kanyaka''
*''Silk Yarns''
*''Robinfood''
*''Zomato Max Safety''
*''KCBC Matrimony''
*''Hyundai''
*''TGM Jewels''
*''Oppo''
*''Jet On Travels''

==Other works==

===Short films===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ List of Neena Kurup short film credits
|-
! scope="col" | Year
! scope="col" | Film
! scope="col" | Role

|-
|2000||Ammayariyathe||Bindhu
|-
|2007||Minnaminnikal||Teacher
|-
|2014||Heads Or Tails ||Mary
|-
|2015||The Beggar ||Mrs.Nambiar
|-
|2016||Bahubali Kudikkarilla || Mary
|-
|2017||Tag ||Sera's mother
|-
|2017||Bhakthi|| Amritha's Amma
|-
|2019||Barbie||Shobha
|-
|2019||Best Actor||Mother
|-
|2019 ||Therali||Gladis
|-
|2020 ||Messenger || Mary
|-
|2020||Maattam||Mrs. Williams
|-
|2020||Nyayapramanam||Jessy
|-
|2020||Vinnil Ninnoru Thaaram||Zahi's mother
|-
|2020||Ammaye Orkkan||
|-
|2021||Women's Day||Sumithra
|-
|2021||Luyi || Maria
|-
|2022||Kalyanaprayam Aayille || Clara
|-
|2022 ||The Epitaph ||Hajara
|-
|2022||Njan Ponmutta Idunna Poovan Kozhi (Webseries) || Unni's mother
|-
||2022||Shiva || Shiva's mother
|-
|2022||Ilanjippoo (Musical album) ||Mother
|-
|2023||NO – Never Opt ||Neena teacher
|-
|2023||Ente Makal ||Dr. Meenakshi
|-
| ||Shiva 2 ||
|-
| ||Achayathi||
|}

===Play===
* Swantham Lekhakan

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb name|1464408}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kurup, Neena}}
[[Category:Actresses from Kozhikode]]
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian film actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses from Thiruvananthapuram]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Indian television actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses in Malayalam television]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses in Tamil television]]
[[Category:Actresses in Telugu cinema]]
[[Category:Actresses in Tamil cinema]]

Mira-Bhayandar Assembly constituency

2026-04-19T19:31:17Z

AnnettaCastanon: added new article.

{{Short description|Constituency of the Maharashtra legislative assembly in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| name =
| type = SLA
| constituency_no = 145
| map_image =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| state =[[Maharashtra]]
| division =[[Konkan division|Konkan]]
| district =[[Thane district|Thane]]
| loksabha_cons =[[Thane Lok Sabha constituency|Thane]]
| established =2009
| abolished =
| electors =
| reservation =None
| incumbent_image =
| mla =[[Narendra Mehta]]
| party =[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| alliance =
| latest_election_year =[[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
}}
'''Mira Bhayandar Assembly constituency''' is one of the 288 [[Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha]] (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of [[Maharashtra]] state in western [[India]].

==Overview==
Mira Bhayandar constituency is one of the 18 Vidhan Sabha constituencies located in [[Thane district]].<ref name=ceo>{{cite web|url=http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php |title=District wise List of Assembly and Parliamentary Constituencies |publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Maharashtra website |accessdate=5 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100318055304/http://ceo.maharashtra.gov.in/acs.php |archivedate=18 March 2010 }}</ref> It comprises part of the [[Mira-Bhayandar Municipal Corporation]] and part of Thane [[tehsil]] of the district.

Mira Bhayandar is part of [[Thane (Lok Sabha constituency)|Thane Lok Sabha constituency]] along with five other Vidhan Sabha segments, namely, [[Kopri-Pachpakhadi Assembly constituency|Kopri-Pachpakhadi]], [[Ovala-Majiwada Assembly constituency|Ovala-Majiwada]], [[Thane Assembly constituency|Thane]], [[Airoli Assembly constituency|Airoli]] and [[Belapur Assembly constituency|Belapur]] in [[Thane district]].<ref name=ceo/>

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Member
! colspan="2"| Party
|-
| colspan="4"| {{center|''Until 2008: Constituency did not exist''}}
|-
| [[2009 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2009]]
| [[Gilbert Mendonca]]
|{{Full party name with color|Nationalist Congress Party}}
|-
| [[2014 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2014]]
| [[Narendra Mehta]]
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| [[2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2019]]
| [[Geeta Bharat Jain|Geeta Jain]]
| {{Full party name with color|Independent}}
|-
| [[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|2024]]
| [[Narendra Mehta]]
| {{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|}

==Election results==
===Assembly Election 2024===
{{Election box begin|title = [[2024 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Mira Bhayandar<ref name="Maharastra Assembly Election Results 2024 - Mira-Bhayandar">{{cite news |title=Maharastra Assembly Election Results 2024 - Mira-Bhayandar |url=https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/candidateswise-S13145.htm |access-date=25 December 2024 |work= |publisher=Election Commission of India |date=23 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225065330/https://results.eci.gov.in/ResultAcGenNov2024/candidateswise-S13145.htm |archive-date=25 December 2024 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="Mira Bhayandar Constituency Election Results 2024">{{cite news |title=Mira Bhayandar Constituency Election Results 2024 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/maharashtra/constituency-show/mira-bhayandar |access-date=25 December 2024 |publisher=The Times of India |date=23 November 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241225065554/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/maharashtra/constituency-show/mira-bhayandar |archive-date=25 December 2024 |language=en}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Narendra Mehta]] |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 144,376 |percentage = 55.35% |change={{increase}}24.70 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=[[Syed Muzaffar Hussain]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 83,943 |percentage = 32.18% |change={{increase}}5.42 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=[[Geeta Bharat Jain]] |party=Independent politician |votes = 23,051 |percentage = 8.84% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Sandeep Rane |party=Maharashtra Navnirman Sena |votes = 5,243 |percentage = 2.01% |change={{increase}}0.13 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes = 2,279 |percentage = 0.87% |change={{decrease}}0.38 }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 60,433 |percentage = 23.17% |change= {{increase}}15.74 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 263,129 |percentage = 51.50% |change= {{increase}}3.09 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 260,850}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 510,890|ref = |change= {{increase}}16.86 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |loser = Independent politician |swing= {{increase}}17.28 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2019===
{{Election box begin|title = [[2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Mira Bhayandar<ref name="election2019">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11699-maharashtra-legislative-assembly-election-2019/ |title=Maharashtra Legislative Assembly Election, 2019 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 2 February 2022 |url-access=limited}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Geeta Bharat Jain]] |party=Independent politician |votes = 79,575 |percentage = 38.07% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=[[Narendra Mehta]] |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 64,049 |percentage = 30.64% |change={{decrease}}17.53 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=[[Syed Muzaffar Hussain]] |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 55,939 |percentage = 26.76% |change={{increase}}16.50 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Haresh Eknath Sutar |party=Maharashtra Navnirman Sena |votes = 3,936 |percentage = 1.88% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes = 2,623 |percentage = 1.25% |change={{increase}}0.00 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Ca Narendra Bhambwani |party=Aam Aadmi Party |votes = 2,042 |percentage = 0.98% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Salim Abbas Khan |party=Vanchit Bahujan Aaghadi |votes = 1,421 |percentage = 0.68% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 15,526 |percentage = 7.43% |change= {{decrease}}9.58 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 211,656 |percentage = 48.41% |change= {{decrease}}3.61 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 209,013}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 437,178|ref = |change= {{increase}}19.79 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Independent politician |loser = Bharatiya Janata Party |swing= {{decrease}}10.10 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2014===
{{Election box begin|title = [[2014 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Mira Bhayandar<ref name="election2014">{{cite web |url=https://old.eci.gov.in/files/file/11699-maharashtra-legislative-assembly-election-2014/ |title=Maharashtra Legislative Assembly Election, 2014 |publisher=[[Election Commission of India]] |access-date= 2 February 2022 |url-access=limited}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Narendra Mehta]] |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 91,468 |percentage = 48.17% |change={{increase}}13.34 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=[[Gilbert Mendonca|Gilbert John Mendonca]] |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 59,176 |percentage = 31.17% |change={{decrease}}10.85 }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Yakub Kureshi |party=Indian National Congress |votes = 19,489 |percentage = 10.26% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Prabhakar Padmakar Mhatre |party=Shiv Sena |votes = 18,171 |percentage = 9.57% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=None of the Above |party=None of the above |votes = 2,378 |percentage = 1.25% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 32,292 |percentage = 17.01% |change= {{increase}}9.82 }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 192,265 |percentage = 52.68% |change= {{increase}}7.08 }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 189,871}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 364,958|ref = |change= {{increase}}11.15 }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner = Bharatiya Janata Party |loser = Nationalist Congress Party |swing= {{increase}}6.16 }}
{{Election box end}}
===Assembly Election 2009===
{{Election box begin|title = [[2009 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election]] : Mira Bhayandar<ref>{{cite web|publisher= Chief Eletoral Officer, [[Maharashtra]]|title=General Elections to State Legislative Assembly 2009 |url=https://ceoelection.maharashtra.gov.in/pdff/vidhanresult.pdf|archive-url= http://web.archive.org/web/20240708005931/https://ceoelection.maharashtra.gov.in/pdff/vidhanresult.pdf|archive-date=8 July 2024|format=pdf}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link |candidate=[[Gilbert Mendonca|Gilbert John Mendonca]] |party=Nationalist Congress Party |votes = 62,013 |percentage = 42.02% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=[[Narendra Mehta]] |party=Bharatiya Janata Party |votes = 51,409 |percentage = 34.83% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Chandrakant Sitaram Vaity |party=Maharashtra Navnirman Sena |votes = 27,220 |percentage = 18.44% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Mukeshkumar Masum Chandrapal |party=Bahujan Samaj Party |votes = 1,669 |percentage = 1.13% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Milan Vasant Mhatre |party=Janata Dal (Secular) |votes = 1,370 |percentage = 0.93% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box candidate with party link |candidate=Sayyad Asif Meer Patel |party=Independent politician |votes = 1,281 |percentage = 0.87% |change= ''New'' }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes = 10,604 |percentage = 7.18% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes = 147,591 |percentage = 44.95% |change= }}{{Election box total valid |votes= 147,586}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 328,354|ref = |change= }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner = Nationalist Congress Party |loser = |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[Mira-Bhayandar]]
* [[List of constituencies of Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Thane district topics}}
{{Assembly constituencies of Maharashtra}}
{{coords|19.291|72.852|display=title}}

[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Thane district]]
[[Category:Mira-Bhayandar]]
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Politics of Thane district]]
[[Category:2008 establishments in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 2008]]

Narender Singh Yadav

2026-04-18T19:19:16Z

AnnettaCastanon: added biography.

{{Short description|Indian mountaineer}}
{{use Indian English|date=June 2022}}
{{use dmy dates|date=June 2022}}

'''Narender Singh Yadav''' (born 15 December 1994) is an Indian mountaineer. He is best known for his controversial climbing expedition to [[Mount Everest]] in May 2016, where he claimed to have summited the mountain but had recognition of this attempt stripped years later after discrepancies were noticed which indicated he had faked the summit, leading to his 2020 [[Tenzing Norgay National Adventure Award]] being revoked and a ban from the mountain for six years from the climbing date by the Nepali government in 2021. In May 2022, soon after his ban expired, he returned to Everest and successfully reached the summit with ample proof that he had actually done so.

==Biography and career==
Narender Singh Yadav was born on 15 December 1994.<ref name="IE">{{cite web|access-date=2022-06-04|title=Two Indians banned after Mount Everest summit climb found to be fake|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/sports/sport-others/2-indians-banned-after-mount-everest-summit-climb-found-to-be-fake-7183337/|date=12 February 2021}}</ref> He hails from Nehrugarh village in [[Rewari district]], [[Haryana]], and is the son of Indian Army soldier Krishnachand.<ref name="Tribune">{{cite web|first1=Ravinder|last1=Saini|access-date=2022-06-04|title=Rewari youth becomes state's youngest Everester|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/features/rewari-youth-becomes-state-s-youngest-everester-249202|website=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]}}</ref><ref name="NYT">{{cite news|first1=Bhadra|last1=Sharma|first2=Sameer|last2=Yasir|access-date=2022-06-04|title=Accused of Fakery, and Seeking Vindication on Everest's Peak|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/01/world/asia/fake-mount-everest-summit.html|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=1 June 2022|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name="PK">{{cite web|access-date=2022-06-05|title=पर्वतारोही नरेंद्र ने लिम्का बुक ऑफ रिकार्ड में करवाया नाम दर्ज|language=hi|trans-title=Mountaineer Narender registered in Limca Book of Records|url=https://haryana.punjabkesari.in/haryana/news/mountaineer-narendra-entered-the-name-in-the-limca-book-of-records-1133929|date=7 March 2020|website=[[Punjab Kesari]]}}</ref> He had studied for his MA at [[Starex University]] in [[Gurgaon district]].<ref name="PK"/>

In July 2018, Yadav claimed to have made a new record by summiting and descending [[Kilimanjaro]] the fastest, recording times of 17 hours and 9 hours 17 minutes for each respective segment; this was subsequently registered in the ''[[Limca Book of Records]]''.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Arora |first1=Naina |title=This student summited Mt Kilimanjaro in record time |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |date=30 July 2018}}</ref><ref name="Tribune2">{{cite web|access-date=2022-06-04|title= Haryana Diary: Cycling booms again|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/haryana/cycling-booms-again-130541|website=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]}}</ref><ref name="PK"/> Yadav has stated that he wishes to climb the highest mountain on every continent; as of 2022, he had summited five (out of seven assuming the seven-continent model) - Kilimanjaro, (Africa), [[Aconcagua]] (South America), Everest (Asia), [[Mount Elbrus|Elbrus]] (Europe) and [[Mount Kosciuszko|Kosciuszko]] (Australia) - with [[Denali]] (North America) and [[Vinson Massif|Vinson]] (Antarctica) still remaining.<ref name="THT">{{cite web|access-date=2022-06-04|title=Indian climber Yadav sets new record by scaling Mt. Everest in 6 days |url=https://thehimalayantimes.com/nepal/indian-climber-yadav-sets-new-record-by-scaling-mt-everest-in-6-days|website=[[The Himalayan Times]]}}</ref>

===Everest climbs and controversy===
In 2016, he joined that year's [[Seven Summit Treks]] Everest Expedition as a climber on a three-member team (out of the 14-15 total on the expedition). Yadav had reportedly previously attempted to summit the mountain in 2014 and 2015 but could not do so because of the threat of avalanches. He had claimed to successfully reach the peak of Everest on this expedition, which would have made him the second-youngest Indian to do so.<ref name="IE"/><ref name="Tribune"/><ref name="TheWire">{{cite web|access-date=2022-06-04|title=Tenzing Norgay Award Winner Accused of Falsely Claiming He Reached Mt Everest Summit|url=https://thewire.in/sport/narender-singh-yadav-tenzing-norgay-award-false-claim-mt-everest-summit|website=[[The Wire (India)|The Wire]]}}</ref> However, his team leader, Naba Kumar Phukon, would later claim that he had never certified his summit; according to him, Yadav and his teammate Seema Rani Goswami were struggling to climb due to fatigue and acute [[altitude sickness]], and needed to be rescued by Sherpa guides after they continued into the "[[death zone]]" beyond Camp IV (the highest camp on the mountain) despite their condition; a number of rescuers concurred with this account.<ref name="TheRecord">{{cite web|last1=@therecord|access-date=2022-06-04|title=Everest aura gets tarnished by fake summiteers - The Record|url=https://www.recordnepal.com/everest-aura-gets-tarnished-by-fake-summiteers|website=www.recordnepal.com}}</ref><ref name="TheWire"/> However, the expedition company still reported both of them as having summited the mountain, and they were granted certificates by the government of Nepal. ''The Record'', a Nepal-based news website, tied this in to a growing phenomenon of "fake summits" enabled by corruption among expedition companies and officials, and identified India as a growing source of faux summiteers due to a number of state governments, such as Haryana, offering jobs and other perks to those who make it.<ref name="TheRecord"/>

The Indian government announced that Yadav would be conferred with the [[Tenzing Norgay National Adventure Award]] in August 2020 for his mountaineering career.<ref name="Tribune2"/> This reignited scrutiny after pictures of his purported summit were posted online by the Nepali-language newspaper ''[[Kantipur (daily)|Kantipur]]'' in an article pointing out discrepancies such as a lack of tube for his oxygen mask and an absence of reflections in his climbing sunglasses, and suggested he had used another photo and digitally manipulated it to produce the resulting image. This eventually led to numerous Indian climbers agreeing with this assessment on social media and calling for the revocation of the award for Yadav.<ref name="TheWire"/> Eventually, the award was cancelled as Yadav was practicing for the ceremony, and an officer made him return the commemorative jacket that he had already been given.<ref name="NYT"/> This also prompted an investigation by the Nepalese government, which concluded in February 2021. It found that Yadav had falsified evidence and lied about reaching the peak, concluding with a ruling that banned him from Everest for six years backdated to start from his claimed summit date of 20 May 2016.<ref name="KTP">{{cite web|access-date=2022-06-04|title=An Indian's quest for redemption after Everest fraud charges|url=https://kathmandupost.com/money/2022/06/04/an-indian-s-quest-for-redemption-after-everest-fraud-charges|website=[[Kathmandu Post]]}}</ref>

Yadav, who continues to insist that his 2016 attempt was legitimate, said that he and his parents faced humiliation from other people in his village. He decided to climb Everest again, training for two years amidst the restrictions introduced to deal with the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2022-06-04|title=Indian climber accused of faking Everest ascent finally reaches summit|url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/world/asia/2022/06/03/indian-climber-accused-of-faking-everest-ascent-finally-reaches-summit/|date=3 June 2022|website=[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]]}}</ref><ref name="NYT"/> In April 2022, he returned to Nepal as the leader of the "[[Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav]] Fastest Everest Expedition 2022".<ref name="KTP"/> He acquired a permit and was able to fly directly to Everest Base Camp the day after his ban expired. After climbing for six days, he successfully summited Everest on the morning of May 27. This time, measures were taken by the organisers to ensure that evidence was abundant for his ascent, such as sending two guides instead of the usual one and taking numerous photos and videos. The tourism department of Nepal recorded and certified that he had summited Everest on 1 June 2022.<ref>{{cite web|first1=Hermes|last1=Auto|access-date=2022-06-04|title=Indian climber banned for faking Everest ascent reaches summit - The Straits Times|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/south-asia/indian-climber-banned-for-faking-everest-ascent-reaches-summit|date=4 June 2022|website=[[The Straits Times]]}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Yadav, Narender Singh}}
[[Category:Indian mountain climbers]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1994 births]]

Arkakong Assembly constituency

2026-04-15T23:32:19Z

AnnettaCastanon: Adding the entry added tags.

{{short description|Legislative Assembly constituency in Nagaland State, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian constituency
| map_image = Arkakong Assembly constituency map.svg
| name = Arkakong
| state = [[Nagaland]]
| type = SLA
| district = [[Mokokchung district|Mokokchung]]
| loksabha_cons = [[Nagaland (Lok Sabha constituency)|Nagaland]]
| established = 1964
| constituency_no = 22
| reservation = ST
| mla = [[Nuklutoshi|Nuklutoshi Longkümer]]
| party = {{Party index link|National People's Party (India)}}
| alliance = {{Party index link|National Democratic Alliance}}
| latest_election_year = [[2023 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election|2023]]
| electors = {{formatnum:19479}}<ref name=election2023></ref>{{update after|2028|5}}
}}
'''Arkakong''' is one of the 60 [[Nagaland Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]] constituencies of [[Nagaland]] state in [[India]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/States/nagaland/nagaland-w.htm |title=Nagaland Legislative Assembly |website=legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in |accessdate= 10 February 2021}}</ref>

It is part of [[Mokokchung district]] and is reserved for candidates belonging to the [[Scheduled Tribes]].

== Members of the Legislative Assembly ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Year
!Member
!colspan="2"|Party
|-
| [[1964 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election|1964]] || rowspan=3 | R. C. Chiten Jamir || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}
|-
| [[1969 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election|1969]] || {{Full party name with color|Nagaland Nationalist Organisation|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[1974 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election|1974]]
|-
| [[1977 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election|1977]] || Tsukjemwati || {{Full party name with color|United Democratic Alliance (Nagaland)}}
|-
| [[1982 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election|1982]] || Marchiba || {{Full party name with color|Independent politician}}
|-
| [[1987 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election|1987]] || rowspan=2 | Jongpongchiten || {{Full party name with color|Indian National Congress|rowspan=5}}
|-
| [[1989 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election|1989]]
|-
| [[1993 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election|1993]] || Soalemba
|-
| [[1998 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election|1998]] || Imtiyanger
|-
| [[2003 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election|2003]] || Takatiba Masa Ao
|-
| [[2008 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election|2008]] || rowspan=2 | [[Nuklutoshi]]|| {{Full party name with color|Naga People's Front|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2013 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election|2013]]
|-
| [[2018 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election|2018]] || Imnatiba || {{Full party name with color|National People's Party (India)|rowspan=2}}
|-
| [[2023 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election|2023]] || [[Nuklutoshi]]
|}

== Election results ==
=== 2023 Assembly election ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2023 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election]]: Arkakong<ref name=election2023>{{cite news |last1=The Indian Express |title=Nagaland Assembly Election results 2023: Check full list of winners |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/nagaland-assembly-election-results-2023-winners-8473973/ |access-date=3 March 2023 |date=2 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230303042608/https://indianexpress.com/elections/nagaland-assembly-election-results-2023-winners-8473973/ |archive-date=3 March 2023 |language=en}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Nuklutoshi]] |party=National People's Party (India) |votes=9,387 |percentage=53.36% |change=9.45%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Imnatiba|party=Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party|votes=8,184|percentage=46.52%|change=40.16%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Nota|party=None of the above|votes=21|percentage=0.12%|change=}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,203 |percentage=6.84% |change=1.32% }}
{{Election box turnout|votes=17,592|percentage=90.31%|change=2.61%}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 19,479 |change =18.93% }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=National People's Party (India) |loser=National People's Party (India) |swing= 9.45% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== 2018 Assembly election ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2018 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election]]: Arkakong<ref name=election2018>{{cite web |url=https://ceo.nagaland.gov.in/ElectionFiles/NLA/13th_General_Election_Report_NLA_2018.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220128161430/https://ceo.nagaland.gov.in/ElectionFiles/NLA/13th_General_Election_Report_NLA_2018.pdf |archive-date=28 January 2022 | title = Report on the General Election to the 13th Nagaland Legislative Assembly 2018 |website=Chief Electoral Officer, Nagaland}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Imnatiba |party=National People's Party (India) |votes=6,307 |percentage=43.91% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=[[Nuklutoshi]]|party=Naga People's Front|votes=5,514|percentage=38.39%|change=-16.22%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=K. Temjen Jamir|party=Independent politician|votes=1,576|percentage=10.97%|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Mangyang Lima|party=Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party|votes=914|percentage=6.36%|change=}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=None of the Above|party=None of the above|votes=53|percentage=0.37%|change=}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=793 |percentage=5.52% |change=-3.75% }}
{{Election box turnout|votes=14,364|percentage=87.70%|change=-6.45%}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 16,379 |change =-1.43% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=National People's Party (India) |loser=Naga People's Front |swing= -10.70% }}
{{Election box end}}

=== 2013 Assembly election ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2013 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election]]: Arkakong<ref name=election2013>{{cite web |url=https://ceo.nagaland.gov.in/ElectionFiles/NLA/12th_General_Election_Report_NLA_2013.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221125124535/https://ceo.nagaland.gov.in/ElectionFiles/NLA/12th_General_Election_Report_NLA_2013.pdf |archive-date=25 November 2022 | title = Report on the General Election to the 11th Nagaland Legislative Assembly 2013 |website=Chief Electoral Officer, Nagaland}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Nuklutoshi]] |party=Naga People's Front |votes=8,544 |percentage=54.61% |change=9.13% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Takatiba Masa Ao|party=Indian National Congress|votes=7,094|percentage=45.34%|change=2.78%}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,450 |percentage=9.27% |change=6.35% }}
{{Election box turnout|votes=15,645|percentage=94.15%|change=7.94%}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 16,617 |change =-27.88% }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Naga People's Front |loser=Naga People's Front |swing= 9.13% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== 2008 Assembly election ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2008 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election]]: Arkakong<ref name=election2008>{{cite web |url=https://ceo.nagaland.gov.in/ElectionFiles/NLA/11th_General_Election_Report_NLA_2008.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220128170532/https://ceo.nagaland.gov.in/ElectionFiles/NLA/11th_General_Election_Report_NLA_2008.pdf |archive-date=28 January 2022 | title = Report on the General Election to the 11th Nagaland Legislative Assembly 2008 |website=Chief Electoral Officer, Nagaland}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=[[Nuklutoshi]] |party=Naga People's Front |votes=9,035 |percentage=45.48% |change=-2.81% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=Takatiba Masa Ao|party=Indian National Congress|votes=8,455|percentage=42.56%|change=-8.96%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link||candidate=O. Lanutoshi Ao|party=Independent politician|votes=2,411|percentage=12.14%|change=}}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=580 |percentage=2.92% |change=-0.31% }}
{{Election box turnout|votes=19,864|percentage=86.38%|change=-13.45%}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 23,040 |change =48.81% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Naga People's Front |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= -6.04% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== 2003 Assembly election ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[2003 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election]]: Arkakong<ref name=election2003>{{cite web |url=https://ceo.nagaland.gov.in/ElectionFiles/NLA/10th_General_Election_Report_NLA_2003.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220623083626/https://ceo.nagaland.gov.in/ElectionFiles/NLA/10th_General_Election_Report_NLA_2003.pdf |archive-date=23 June 2022 | title = Report on the General Election to the 10th Nagaland Legislative Assembly 2003 |website=Chief Electoral Officer, Nagaland}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Takatiba Masa Ao |party=Indian National Congress |votes=7,950 |percentage=51.52% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Imtiyanger |party=Naga People's Front |votes=7,452 |percentage=48.29% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=498 |percentage=3.23% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=15,431 |percentage=99.66% |change= -0.03% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 15,483 |change =13.95% }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= -3.75% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== 1998 Assembly election ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1998 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election]]: Arkakong<ref name=election1998>{{cite web |url=https://ceo.nagaland.gov.in/ElectionFiles/NLA/9th_General_Election_Report_NLA_1998.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220128160926/https://ceo.nagaland.gov.in/ElectionFiles/NLA/9th_General_Election_Report_NLA_1998.pdf |archive-date=28 January 2022 | title = Report on the General Election to the 9th Nagaland Legislative Assembly 1998 |website=Chief Electoral Officer, Nagaland}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link| |candidate=Imtiyanger |party=Indian National Congress }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 13,587 |change =14.23% }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}
=== 1993 Assembly election ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1993 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election]]: Arkakong}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Soalemba |party=Indian National Congress |votes=6,552 |percentage=55.27% |change=5.67% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=M. Pongener |party=Independent politician |votes=5,297 |percentage=44.68% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,255 |percentage=10.59% |change=-4.29% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=11,855 |percentage=99.70% |change= 2.91% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 11,894 |change =36.31% }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= 5.67% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== 1989 Assembly election ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1989 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election]]: Arkakong}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Jongpongchiten |party=Indian National Congress |votes=4,175 |percentage=49.60% |change=5.98% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Marchiba |party=Naga People's Front |votes=2,923 |percentage=34.72% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Tsukjemwati |party=Independent politician |votes=1,320 |percentage=15.68% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,252 |percentage=14.87% |change=0.29% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=8,418 |percentage=96.79% |change= -2.00% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 8,726 |change =0.17% }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Indian National Congress |swing= 5.98% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== 1987 Assembly election ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1987 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election]]: Arkakong}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Jongpongchiten |party=Indian National Congress |votes=3,747 |percentage=43.62% |change=14.24% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Marchiba |party=National People's Party (India) |votes=2,494 |percentage=29.03% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Chubalemla |party=Naga National Democratic Party |votes=2,350 |percentage=27.35% |change=-2.01% }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=1,253 |percentage=14.59% |change=13.10% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=8,591 |percentage=98.79% |change= 22.45% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 8,711 |change =-17.91% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Indian National Congress |loser=Independent politician |swing= 12.76% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== 1982 Assembly election ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1982 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election]]: Arkakong}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Marchiba |party=Independent politician |votes=2,480 |percentage=30.85% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=R. C. Chiten Jamir |party=Indian National Congress |votes=2,361 |percentage=29.37% |change=6.65% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Tsukjeuwati |party=Naga National Democratic Party |votes=2,360 |percentage=29.36% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Imtiwati |party=Independent politician |votes=837 |percentage=10.41% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=119 |percentage=1.48% |change=-11.48% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=8,038 |percentage=76.35% |change= -16.02% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 10,611 |change =91.60% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Independent politician |loser=United Democratic Alliance (Nagaland) |swing= -4.84% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== 1977 Assembly election ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1977 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election]]: Arkakong}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=Tsukjemwati |party=United Democratic Alliance (Nagaland) |votes=1,806 |percentage=35.69% |change=-13.24% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=R. C. Chiten Jamir |party=Indian National Congress |votes=1,150 |percentage=22.73% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Noklen |party=Independent politician |votes=1,020 |percentage=20.16% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Latongwati |party=Independent politician |votes=456 |percentage=9.01% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=I. Suzumar Imsong |party=Independent politician |votes=368 |percentage=7.27% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Imtiwati |party=National Convention of Nagaland |votes=260 |percentage=5.14% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=656 |percentage=12.96% |change=10.83% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=5,060 |percentage=92.36% |change= 7.83% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 5,538 |change =-32.64% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=United Democratic Alliance (Nagaland) |loser=Nagaland Nationalist Organisation |swing= -15.37% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== 1974 Assembly election ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1974 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election]]: Arkakong}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=R. C. Chiten Jamir |party=Nagaland Nationalist Organisation |votes=3,521 |percentage=51.07% |change=19.40% }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Tsukjeuwati |party=United Democratic Alliance (Nagaland) |votes=3,374 |percentage=48.93% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=147 |percentage=2.13% |change=1.08% }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=6,895 |percentage=84.53% |change= 1.22% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 8,222 |change =71.15% }}
{{Election box hold with party link |winner=Nagaland Nationalist Organisation |loser=Nagaland Nationalist Organisation |swing= 19.40% }}
{{Election box end}}
=== 1969 Assembly election ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1969 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election]]: Arkakong}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link| |candidate=R. C. Chiten Jamir |party=Nagaland Nationalist Organisation |votes=1,267 |percentage=31.67% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Noklen Jamir |party=United Front of Nagaland |votes=1,225 |percentage=30.62% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Tsukjemwati |party=Independent politician |votes=1,012 |percentage=25.29% |change= }}
{{Election box candidate with party link| |candidate=Imtimeren |party=Independent politician |votes=497 |percentage=12.42% |change= }}
{{Election box margin of victory |votes=42 |percentage=1.05% |change= }}
{{Election box turnout |votes=4,001 |percentage=83.31% |change= 83.31% }}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 4,804 |change =63.07% }}
{{Election box gain with party link |winner=Nagaland Nationalist Organisation |loser=Independent politician |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}
=== 1964 Assembly election ===
{{Election box begin|title= [[1964 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election]]: Arkakong}}
{{Election box winning candidate unopposed with party link| |candidate=R. C. Chiten Jamir |party=Independent politician}}
{{Election box registered electors |reg. electors = 2,946 |change = }}
{{Election box new seat win |winner=Independent politician |loser= |swing= }}
{{Election box end}}

==See also==
* [[List of constituencies of the Nagaland Legislative Assembly]]
* [[Mokokchung district]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Assembly constituencies of Nagaland}}

{{coord|26.47|94.63|display=title}}

[[Category:Mokokchung district]]
[[Category:Assembly constituencies of Nagaland]]
[[Category:Politics of Nagaland]]
[[Category:Legislative Assembly constituencies of Indian states established in 1964]]
[[Category:1964 establishments in Nagaland]]

Formula Regional Indian Championship

2026-04-11T13:50:26Z

AnnettaCastanon: new article

{{Short description|Regional Formula 3n racing}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox motorsport championship
|name = Formula Regional Indian Championship
|drivers =
|current_season =
|manufacturer =
|champion team =
|champion driver =
|tyres = [[Pirelli]]
|engines = Autotecnica
|constructors = [[Tatuus]]
|teams =
|classes =
|logo =
|folded =
|inaugural =
|region = India
|country =
|category = [[Formula Regional]]
|caption =
|image =
|image-size =
|website = [https://formularegionalindia.com/ Official Website]
}}

The '''Formula Regional Indian Championship''' is a planned [[Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile|FIA-certified]] Indian [[Formula Regional|regional]] [[Formula Three|Formula 3]] championship organized by Racing Promotions Pvt Ltd. The inaugural season was to be held in 2022 but was later postponed for the foreseeable future.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wood |first=Ida |date=2021-08-19 |title=Formula Regional India and Indian F4 formally announced for 2022 |url=https://formulascout.com/formula-regional-india-and-indian-f4-formally-announced-for-2022/82612 |access-date=2022-03-14 |website=Formula Scout |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Car ==
The championship will feature [[Tatuus]]-designed and built cars. The cars will be constructed out of [[carbon fibre]] and feature a [[monocoque]] chassis which features a number of enhanced safety features including the new Halo device and improved side impact protection, and will have a six-speed [[Semi-automatic transmission|paddle-shift]] [[sequential gearbox]]. The car will be powered by an Alfa Romeo 270PS (200kW) turbo engine tuned by Autotecnica.{{fact|date=August 2022}}

== Format ==
The weekend's format will be set to have three races per weekend with one single qualifying session. The fastest lap will award pole position for Race 1, while Race 3's grid will be set according to the 2nd fastest lap of every driver at the qualifying session. Race 2's grid will be a reverse grid from Race 1's results.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-15 |title=Aditya Patel on Formula Regional India: 'It becomes attractive when you know Prema is involved' |url=https://f1feederseries.com/2022/01/15/aditya-patel-on-his-formula-regional-india-it-becomes-attractive-when-you-know-prema-is-involved/ |access-date=2022-03-14 |website=F1 Feeder Series |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Formula Regional}}
{{FIA Global Pathway}}
[[Category:Formula Regional Indian Championship| ]]
[[Category:Auto racing series in India]]
[[Category:Formula Regional series]]
[[Category:Cancelled motorsport events]]

Rabindranath Ekhane Kokhono Khete Aseni

2026-04-10T09:31:01Z

AnnettaCastanon: Created a data

{{Short description|2021 Indian TV series by Srijit Mukherji}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Rabindranath Ekhane Kokhono Khete Asenni-poster.jpg
| caption = First look poster
| alt_name = REKKA (siddhant ka)
| genre = [[Thriller (genre)|Thriller]]
| creator =
| developer =
| based_on = {{Based on|''Rabindranath Ekhane Kokhono Khete Asenni''|[[Mohammad Nazim Uddin]]}}
| writer = [[Mohammad Nazim Uddin]]
| screenplay = [[Srijit Mukherji]]
| director = [[Srijit Mukherji]]
| creative_director =
| starring = {{Plainlist|
* [[Azmeri Haque Badhon]]
* [[Rahul Bose]]
* [[Anirban Bhattacharya]]
* [[Anjan Dutt]]
* [[Alexx O'Nell]]
* [[Anirban Chakraborty]]
}}
| judges =
| voices =
| narrator =
| theme_music_composer =
| open_theme =
| end_theme =
| composer = [[Joy Sarkar]]
| country = India, Bangladesh
| language = Bengali
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 9
| list_episodes =
| executive_producer = Siddhant Sheth
| producer =
| editor = Sujay Datta Roy
| location =
| cinematography = Indranath Marick
| camera =
| runtime = 20-30 minutes
| company = {{Plainlist|
*[[Shree Venkatesh Films|SVF Entertainment]]
*TVwala Media
}}
| released = {{Start date|2021|08|13|df=y}}
| related =
}}

'''''Rabindranath Ekhane Kokhono Khete Aseni''''' ([[English language|English]]: ''[[Rabindranath Tagore|Rabindranath]] never came to eat here'') is a [[Bengali language|Bengali]] [[web series]] based on the [[Thriller (genre)|thriller novel]] of the same name written by [[Bangladeshis|Bangladeshi]] writer [[Mohammad Nazim Uddin]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-07|title=Srijit to adapt Nazim Uddin's novel for web series|url=http://www.tbsnews.net/glitz/srijit-adapt-nazimuddins-novel-web-series-102991|access-date=2021-04-09|website=The Business Standard|language=en}}</ref> The series has been released on [[West Bengal]]-based [[Bengali language|Bengali]] language [[Over-the-top media service|OTT]] platform Hoichoi.<ref>{{Cite news|script-title=bn:আসছে ২৫টি ওয়েবসিরিজ|url=https://www.prothomalo.com/entertainment/tv/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87-%E0%A7%A8%E0%A7%AB%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF-%E0%A6%93%E0%A7%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C|access-date=2021-04-11|work=[[Prothom Alo]]|language=bn}}</ref> It is directed by Indian director [[Srijit Mukherji]]. This is the second complete web series directed by [[Srijit Mukherji]] and his first work in Hoichoi.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-25|title=সৃজিতের নতুন সিরিজের থাকছেন এপারের অঞ্জন-অনিবার্ণ-রাহুল, ওপার বাংলার বাঁধন|url=https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/the-cast-of-rekka-robindronath-ekhane-kawkhono-khete-aashenni-31608895719625.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225133828/https://bangla.hindustantimes.com/entertainment/the-cast-of-rekka-robindronath-ekhane-kawkhono-khete-aashenni-31608895719625.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=25 December 2020|access-date=2021-04-09|website=Hindustantimes Bangla|language=bn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Sarkar|first=Roushni|title=Hoichoi announces first slate of content for 2021|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/articles/2021/mar/20/29174|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510061329/https://www.cinestaan.com/articles/2021/mar/20/29174|url-status=live|archive-date=10 May 2021|access-date=2021-05-10|website=Cinestaan}}</ref> Initially, shooting was planned in both countries with the participation of several actors from [[Bangladesh]]<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-07-06|title=সৃজিতের নির্মাণে বাংলাদেশের তিন তারকা|url=https://www.channelionline.com/সৃজিতের-নির্মাণে-বাংলাদে/|access-date=2021-04-09|newspaper=চ্যানেল আই অনলাইন|language=bn}}</ref> and [[India]], but due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], shooting was done only in [[India]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=|title=সৃজিতের 'রবীন্দ্রনাথ এখানে কখনও খেতে আসেননি', সহযোদ্ধা যারা|url=https://www.somoynews.tv/pages/details/254506|access-date=2021-04-09|website=somoynews.tv|language=bn}}</ref> However, [[Azmeri Haque Badhon]] is the only [[Bangladeshis|Bangladeshi]] playing the central character "Mushkan Zuberi".<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=মুশকান জুবেরীর লুকে বাঁধন|url=https://bangla.bdnews24.com/glitz/article1871873.bdnews|access-date=2021-04-09|website=bdnews24.com|language=bn}}</ref>

== Cast ==
* [[Azmeri Haque Badhon]] as Mushkan Zuberi<ref name=":0" />
* [[Rahul Bose]] - Nirupam Chanda (''Noore Sofa'' in the original book)<ref>{{Cite web|title=নাজিম উদ্দিনের লেখা থ্রিলারে রাহুল বোস|url=https://www.newsbangla24.com/entertainment/118614/নাজিম-উদ্দিনের-লেখা-থ্রিলারে-রাহুল-বোস-|access-date=2021-04-11|website=Newsbangla24|language=bn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|title=সৃজিতের সিরিজ়ে রাহুল|url=https://www.anandabazar.com/entertainment/rahul-bose-to-be-seen-in-srijit-mukherji-directed-web-series-1.1244881|access-date=2021-04-11|website=www.anandabazar.com|language=bn}}</ref>
* [[Anirban Bhattacharya]] as Ator Ali
* [[Anjan Dutt]] as Kharaj Khashnobish (''KSK'' or ''Khodadad Shahbaz Khan'' in the original book)
* [[Alexx O'Nell]] as Norman
* [[Anirban Chakraborty]] as IC Tapan Sikder (''Tofazzal Hosain'' in the original book)
* Richard Bhakti Klein as Andrew
* Akshay Kapoor as Javed
* Debopriyo Mukherjee as Phalu

== Production ==

=== Background ===
In 2015, the book "''Rabindranath Ekhane Kokhono Khete Asenni''" written by [[Bangladeshis|Bangladeshi]] writer Mohammad Nazim Uddin was published by Batighar Prakashani of [[Bangladesh]]. The [[India]]n version of the book was later published by Abhijan Publishers of [[India]]. Soon after its publication, the book received a wide response in [[Bangladesh]] and [[West Bengal]]. When the [[Kolkata]]-based TVwala Media expressed interest in producing the web series, they signed an agreement with the author in February 2019. Through this, the TVwala Media bought the audio-visual rights of the novel.<ref>{{Cite web|title=নাজিম উদ্দিনের উপন্যাস নিয়ে ভারতে ওয়েব সিরিজ {{!}} কালের কণ্ঠ|url=https://www.kalerkantho.com/print-edition/rangberang/2019/03/01/742361|access-date=2021-04-11|website=Kalerkantho|language=bn}}</ref>

But then, [[Srijit Mukherji]] informed the author of his interest in making a [[web series]] based on this novel. But because of the earlier agreement with TVwala Media, it was decided to make the series by Srijit Mukherji under the production of TVwala.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-22|title=নাজিম উদ্দিনের থ্রিলারে সৃজিতের ওয়েব সিরিজ|url=https://independent24.com/details/67054/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%20%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%20%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%20%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%20%E0%A6%93%E0%A7%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AC%20%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9%E0%A6%9A|access-date=2021-04-11|website=independent24.com}}{{Dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> However, due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], it was not possible to make the series with the help of [[Bangladeshis|Bangladeshi]] artists. So, later it was decided to make the series with the help of [[India]]n artists in a joint production of [[Shree Venkatesh Films]] and TVwala Media.

=== Character selection ===
The series was initially supposed to be dominated by [[Bangladeshis|Bangladeshi]] actors. [[Jaya Ahsan|Jaya Ahsan's]] name comes up first as the central character "Mushkan Juberi". Mohammad Nazim Uddin, the author of the novel, made the offer to the director and the production company.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-04-29|title=সৃজিতের ওয়েব সিরিজে জয়া আহসান!|url=https://sarabangla.net/post/sb-255596/|access-date=2021-04-11|website=sarabangla.net|language=bn}}</ref> But a few days later, it was heard that [[Pori Moni]] would replace [[Jaya Ahsan]] in the lead role.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|title=সৃজিতের ওয়েব সিরিজে পরীমণি! থাকছেন চঞ্চল ও মোশাররফ করিমও|url=https://www.dhakatimes24.com/2020/07/06/174154/সৃজিতের-ওয়েব-সিরিজে-পরীমণি-থাকছেন-চঞ্চল-ও-মোশাররফ-করিমও|access-date=2021-04-11|website=Dhakatimes24.com|language=bn}}</ref> Also, the name of [[Chanchal Chowdhury]] as Atar Ali and the name of [[Mosharraf Karim]] as an unknown character came up for discussion. Despite rumors circulating at different times about the different characters, it was later confirmed by the director [[Srijit Mukherji]] that he had actually chosen [[Chanchal Chowdhury]] as Atar Ali. He also thought of [[Fazlur Rahman Babu]]. However, these plans could not be implemented due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-19|title=Covid-19 blocks Srijit's web-series adaptation of Nazim Uddin's thriller to cast Bangladeshi actors|url=http://www.tbsnews.net/glitz/covid-19-blocks-srijits-web-series-adaptation-nazim-uddins-thriller-cast-bangladeshi-actors|access-date=2021-04-11|website=The Business Standard|language=en}}</ref> Therefore, it was decided to make the series only with [[india]]n actors. That is, no one from [[Bangladesh]] was supposed to be in the series.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-19|title=No Bangladeshi actor in 'Rabindranath Ekhane Kokhono Khete Ashen Ni' web series|url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/showtime/2020/09/19/no-bangladeshi-actor-in-rabindranath-ekhane-kokhono-khete-ashen-ni-web-series|access-date=2021-04-11|website=Dhaka Tribune}}</ref>

[[Anirban Bhattacharya]]'s name came first as Ator Ali after the decision to team up with [[India]]n actors. [[Paoli Dam]] was the first choice of the director as Mushkan Zubairi. But later, when there was a problem with her schedule, [[Bangladeshis|Bangladeshi]] actress [[Azmeri Haque Badhon]] was surprisingly chosen.<ref>{{Cite news|last=|first=|title=Badhon in web series Rabindranath Ekhane Kokhono Khete Aashen Ni|url=http://thedailynewnation.com/news/273141/badhon-in-web-series-rabindranath-ekhane-kokhono-khete-aashen-ni|access-date=2021-04-11|website=The New Nation|language=en|archive-date=27 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927045510/https://thedailynewnation.com/news/273141/badhon-in-web-series-rabindranath-ekhane-kokhono-khete-aashen-ni|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Rahul Bose]] as investigating officer Nirupam Chanda, Anirban Chakraborty as police officer Tapan Sikdar and [[Anjan Dutt]] as Kharaj Khasanbish have been selected finally.

The first look of the characters in this series was revealed on 26 December 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-12-26|title=First look of 'Rabindranath Ekhane Kawkhono Khete Aashenni' revealed|url=http://www.tbsnews.net/glitz/first-look-rabindranath-ekhane-kawkhono-khete-aashenni-revealed-176560|access-date=2021-04-11|website=The Business Standard|language=en}}</ref>

=== Visualization ===
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic shooting had to be done in India. The shooting of the series started from 16 December in [[Bardhaman|Burdwan]], Hooghly and [[Durgapur]] region of [[West Bengal]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=প্রতিটি নতুন দিন নিজের উন্নতি করার নতুন সুযোগ: বাঁধন|url=https://www.banglanews24.com/index.php/entertainment/news/bd/833278.details|access-date=2021-04-19|website=banglanews24.com|date=4 January 2021 |language=bn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-12-25|title=আমি চেষ্টা করছি চরিত্রের সাথে শতভাগ সৎ থাকতে: বাঁধন|url=https://www.channelionline.com/চরিত্রের-সাথে-শতভাগ-সৎ-থা/|access-date=2021-04-19|newspaper=চ্যানেল আই অনলাইন|language=en-US |last1=আহমেদ |first1=মিতুল }}</ref>

==Episodes==
{{Series overview

| color1 = 6E2423
| link1 = #Season 1 (2021)
| episodes1 = 9
| released1 = {{Start date|2021|08|13|df=yes}}
}}

===Season 1 (2021)===
{{Episode table |background=6E2423 |overall=5 |forceoverall=y |title=18 |titleT=Episode |director=17 |airdate=25 |episodes=
{{Episode list
| EpisodeNumber = 1
| RTitle = Bohu Juger O Par Hote
| DirectedBy = [[Srijit Mukherji]]
| OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|08|13|df=yes}}
| LineColor = 6E2423
}}
{{Episode list
| EpisodeNumber = 2
| RTitle = Kalo Horin Chokh
| DirectedBy =[[Srijit Mukherji]]
| OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|08|13|df=yes}}
| LineColor = 6E2423
}}
{{Episode list
| EpisodeNumber = 3
| RTitle = Nai Rawsho Nai
| DirectedBy = [[Srijit Mukherji]]
| OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|08|13|df=yes}}
| LineColor = 6E2423
}}
{{Episode list
| EpisodeNumber = 4
| RTitle = Tumi Kon Kanoner Phul
| DirectedBy = [[Srijit Mukherji]]
| OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|08|13|df=yes}}
| LineColor = 6E2423
}}
{{Episode list
| EpisodeNumber = 5
| RTitle = Dekha Pelam Phalgune
| DirectedBy = [[Srijit Mukherji]]
| OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|08|13|df=yes}}
| LineColor = 6E2423
}}
{{Episode list
| EpisodeNumber = 6
| RTitle = Tomar Shawnge Praner Khela
| DirectedBy = [[Srijit Mukherji]]
| OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|08|13|df=yes}}
| LineColor = 6E2423
}}
{{Episode list
| EpisodeNumber = 7
| RTitle = Hriday Amar Prokash holo
| DirectedBy = [[Srijit Mukherji]]
| OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|08|13|df=yes}}
| LineColor = 6E2423
}}
{{Episode list
| EpisodeNumber = 8
| RTitle = Mayabono Biharini
| DirectedBy = [[Srijit Mukherji]]
| OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|08|13|df=yes}}
| LineColor = 6E2423
}}
{{Episode list
| EpisodeNumber = 9
| RTitle = Tobu Mone Rekho
| DirectedBy = [[Srijit Mukherji]]
| OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|2021|08|13|df=yes}}
| LineColor = 6E2423
}}
}}

== Awards ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Award Title !! Category !! Awardee !! Result !! Ref
|-
|Hoichoi Awards
|Outstanding Female Debut
|[[Azmeri Haque Badhon]]
| {{won}}
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tbsnews.net/splash/hoichoi-awards-2021-430174|title=Hoichoi Awards 2021|date=31 May 2022|access-date=6 September 2022|website=Tbsnews.net}}</ref>
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|15048410}}

{{Srijit Mukherji}}

[[Category:Bengali-language web series]]
[[Category:Web series directed by Srijit Mukherji]]
[[Category:Adaptations of works by Mohammad Nazim Uddin]]
[[Category:Indian drama web series]]
[[Category:Thriller web series]]
[[Category:Hoichoi original programming]]
[[Category:Films based on Bengali novels]]

Jasvantsinh Parmar

2026-04-10T01:04:20Z

AnnettaCastanon: Added first details w/ sources

{{Short description|Indian politician from Gujarat (born 1977)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Dr.Jasvantsinh Salamsinh Parmar
| office = [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha]]
| term_start = 3 April 2024
| predecessor = [[Naranbhai Rathwa]]
| constituency = [[List of Rajya Sabha members from Gujarat|Gujarat]]
| birth_date = {{birth year and age|1977}}
| birth_place = [[Gujarat]], India
| education = [[Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery|MBBS]] [[Master of Surgery|MS]] (General Surgery)
| party = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
| alma_mater = [[B. J. Medical College, Ahmedabad]]
| occupation = Politician, Surgeon
}}

''' Dr.Jasvantsinh Salamsinh Parmar''' is an [[Indian politician]] and former surgeon who is serving as [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha|member of Rajya Sabha]] from Gujarat since 2024, representing [[Bharatiya Janata Party]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-27 |title=Rajya Sabha Elections 2024: Full list of winners in polls to 56 Upper House seats |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/india-news/rajya-sabha-elections-2024-full-list-of-winners-in-polls-to-56-upper-house-seats/3406893/ |access-date=2024-03-02 |website=Financialexpress |language=en}}</ref>

== Early life ==

=== Birth ===
Parmar was born in 1977 in Godhra, Gujarat. Parmar’s parents were also affiliated with the BJP. His father, Salamsinh, was a school principal and an active member of the BJP and was elected to the taluka panchayat twice. Parmar’s mother, Lalitaben, was elected to the district panchayat thrice and had also held the post of chairperson of the health committee of the panchayat.

=== Education ===
Dr.Parmar holds [[Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery|MBBS]] [[Master of Surgery|MS]] (General Surgery) degrees from [[B. J. Medical College, Ahmedabad|BJ Medical College]] [[Gujrat University]] , [[Ahemdabad]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Parmar Jashvantsinh Salamsinh(Independent(IND)):Constituency- GODHRA(PANCHMAHAL) - Affidavit Information of Candidate |url=https://www.myneta.info/Gujarat2017/candidate.php?candidate_id=5078 |access-date=2024-03-02 |website=www.myneta.info}}</ref>

== Career ==
Parmar, a general surgeon from Godhra in Panchmahal, is a well-known BJP leader. In the 2017 Assembly elections, the 47-year-old revolted against the party and ran as an independent against current MLA C.K. Raulji, polling 10.54 percent of the vote from the Godhra seat. The contest resulted in a five-year expulsion from the party. Nevertheless, he returned to the party in 2022.<ref>{{Cite news |last= |date=2024-02-20 |title=J.P. Nadda, three other BJP candidates elected to Rajya Sabha unopposed from Gujarat |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/jp-nadda-three-other-bjp-candidates-elected-to-rajya-sabha-unopposed-from-gujarat/article67868240.ece |access-date=2024-03-02 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=PTI |date=2024-02-14 |title=Pleasant surprise: Gujarat BJP leader Jashvantsinh Parmar on RS nomination |url=https://theprint.in/india/pleasant-surprise-gujarat-bjp-leader-jashvantsinh-parmar-on-rs-nomination/1965986/ |access-date=2024-03-02 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref>

He was elected unopposed to the Rajya Sabha in 2024 along with his colleagues.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-02-15 |title=Parmar an old BJP hand, has been active for three decades |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/vadodara/dr-jashvantsinh-parmar-bjp-candidate-for-rajya-sabha-election/articleshow/107708024.cms |access-date=2024-03-02 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Parmar, Jasvantsinh}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1977 births]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian medical doctors]]
[[Category:People from Panchmahal district]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Gujarat]]
[[Category:Rajya Sabha members from Gujarat]]

{{Gujarat-BJP-politician-stub}}

Vineeth Sreenivasan

2026-03-29T08:56:19Z

AnnettaCastanon:

{{Short description|Indian actor and filmmaker (born 1984)}}
{{For|people with a similar name|Vineeth (name list)}}
{{Indian patronymic|Vineeth|Sreenivasan}}
{{BLP sources|date=November 2022}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Vineeth Sreenivasan
| image = Vineeth Sreenivasan Aravindante Athidhikal.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Vineeth in 2018
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1984|10|01|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Thalassery]], [[Kannur]], [[Kerala]], India
| occupation = {{hlist|Actor|film director|Film Producer|screenwriter|playback singer|lyricist|dubbing artist and Music director}}
| years_active = 2002–present
| spouse = {{marriage|Divya Narayanan|2012}}
| children = 2
| parents = {{ubl|[[Sreenivasan]] (Father)}}
| relatives = [[Dhyan Sreenivasan]] (Brother) [[M. Mohanan]] (uncle)
| module = {{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes
| genre = {{flat list|
* [[Playback singer]]
* [[filmi]]
}}
| instrument = Vocals
| label =
}}
}}

'''Vineeth Sreenivasan''' (born 1 October 1984)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/happy-birthday-vineeth-sreenivasan-heres-why-the-mollywood-star-is-an-all-rounder/photostory/71386424.cms|title=Happy Birthday, Vineeth Sreenivasan: Here's why the Mollywood star is an all-rounder|work=The Times of India|date=October 2019 }}</ref> is an Indian actor, director, producer, dubbing artist, screenwriter, playback singer and lyricist who predominantly works in [[Malayalam cinema]]. He is the eldest son of actor and screenwriter [[Sreenivasan]].<ref name="dad" />

== Early life ==
Vineeth Sreenivasan is the eldest son of late Malayalam screenwriter and actor [[Sreenivasan]] and Vimala.<ref name="dad">{{cite news |url= http://www.hindu.com/mp/2005/04/02/stories/2005040203270100.htm |last= Nagarajan |first= Saraswathy |title= Making his mark |date= 2 April 2005 |access-date= 30 July 2007 |archive-date= 11 August 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070811193947/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2005/04/02/stories/2005040203270100.htm |work= [[The Hindu]] |url-status= dead }}</ref> His younger brother, [[Dhyan Sreenivasan]] is also an actor.<ref name="TOI.2013.10.09">{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/regional/malayalam/news-and-interviews/I-am-still-not-able-to-look-at-Vineeth-as-a-director-Dhyan-Sreenivasan/articleshow/23724268.cms |title=I am still not able to look at Vineeth as a director : Dhyan Sreenivasan |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131030145842/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-10-09/news-and-interviews/42861804_1_thira-dhyan-sreenivasan-vineeth |archive-date=30 October 2013 |url-status=live |newspaper=[[The Times of India]] |date=9 October 2013 |access-date=2 May 2014}}</ref> He attended [[Rani Jai Higher Secondary School]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/in-depth/kalolsavam-school-youth-fest-kannur/whats-with-vineeth-and-school-arts-festivals.html|title=What's with Vineeth and school arts festivals?|work=On Manorama}}</ref> He graduated in [[mechanical engineering]] from [[KCG College of Technology]], [[Chennai]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/photo-features/engineers-from-malayalam-cinema/photostory/50158003.cms|title=Engineers from Malayalam cinema|work=The Times of India|date=13 December 2015 }}</ref>

== Career ==
===Acting career===
He made his acting debut playing one of the main protagonists in the Malayalam film ''[[Cycle (2008 film)|Cycle]]'', which did well at the box office.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.hindu.com/fr/2008/01/18/stories/2008011851170200.htm |title= Balancing act |last= George |first= Vijay |date= 18 January 2008 |access-date= 3 February 2008 |archive-date= 10 February 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080210172513/http://www.hindu.com/fr/2008/01/18/stories/2008011851170200.htm |work= [[The Hindu]] |url-status= dead }}</ref> Following that, he appeared in ''[[Makante Achan]]'' (2009), acting alongside his father, Sreenivasan.

After these initial roles, Vineeth diversified his acting portfolio—he has performed in dramas, romance-comedies, and thriller-type films. Some of the notable works in his acting career include ''[[Traffic (2011 film)|Traffic]]'' (2011), ''[[Chappa Kurishu]]'' (2011), ''[[Om Shanti Oshana]]'' (2014), ''[[Ormayundo Ee Mukham]]'' (2014), ''[[Oru Vadakkan Selfie]]'' (2015), ''[[Kunjiramayanam]]'' (2015), ''[[Aravindante Athidhikal]]'' (2018), ''[[Thanneer Mathan Dinangal]]'' (2019) etc.

His performance in ''[[Mukundan Unni Associates]]'' (2022) received huge critical acclaim.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/entertainment/review/2022/Nov/12/mukundan-unni-associates-review-vineeth-sreenivasan-aces-it-as-an-unabashedly-sinister-figure-2517375.html|title='Mukundan Unni Associates' review: Vineeth Sreenivasan aces it as an unabashedly sinister figure|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>

===Directorial career===
''[[Malarvadi Arts Club]]'', his directorial debut film, was released in theatres worldwide on 2010. It garnered critical acclaim for its direction, story, screenplay, music, score, and standout performances by the cast. The film also achieved significant commercial success.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/box-office/hridayam-tops-50-crores-globally-enters-all-time-top-ten-mollywood-grossers-worldwide-1023896|title=Hridayam tops 50 crores globally; Enters all-time top ten Mollywood grossers worldwide|date=15 February 2022|website=PINKVILLA}}</ref> His second film, ''[[Thattathin Marayathu]]'' was released in 2012 which earned positive response and was a commercial success.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2025/07/07/thattathin-marayathu-13-years-nivin-pauly-throwback-social-media.html|title=13 years of 'Thattathin Marayathu': Nivin Pauly's throwback sparks a wave of nostalgia|website=Onmanorama }}</ref> In 2013, he directed the thriller film ''[[Thira (film)|Thira]]''. Even though the film underperformed at box office, it earned cult following over years.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/karam-director-vineeth-sreenivasan-reflects-on-the-cult-status-of-thira-a-film-which-i-considered-a-failure-10267000/|title=Karam director Vineeth Sreenivasan reflects on the cult status of Thira: 'A film which I considered a failure…'|website=The Indian Express}}</ref> His next directorials were ''[[Jacobinte Swargarajyam]]'' (2016) and ''[[Hridayam]]'' (2022), both received positive response and were commercial success. His next film, ''[[Varshangalkku Shesham]]'', released in 2024 was opened to mixed reviews but grossed over {{INR}}80 crores from box office making it as highest-grossing film he helmed.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2024/01/24/dubbing-varshangalkku-shesham-dubbing-completed-film-in-theatres-april.html|title=Dubbing completed for 'Varshangalkku Shesham'. Film to hit theatres in April|website=Onmanorama}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/aavesham-dethrones-varshangalkku-shesham-final-box-office-collections-out/articleshow/110457116.cms|title='Aavesham' dethrones 'Varshangalkku Shesham', final box office collections out|website=The Times of India}}</ref> His latest release was 2025 film ''[[Karam (2025 film)|Karam]]'', opened to negative reviews from critics and [[Box office bomb|bombed at box office]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/karam-box-office-collection-vineet-sreenivasans-film-barely-makes-rs-1-cr-in-a-week-of-theatrical-run/34e4e737cb489|title=Karam box office collection: Vineeth Sreenivasan's film barely makes Rs 1 cr in a week of theatrical run|website=OTTPlay}}</ref> It is considered as the weakest film in his filmography as director.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/movie-review/karam-movie-review-vineeth-sreenivasan-film-is-let-down-by-extremely-shoddy-writing-10269974/lite/|title=Karam movie review: Vineeth Sreenivasan film is let down by extremely shoddy writing|website=The Indian Express}}</ref>

== Filmography ==
{{Main||Vineeth Sreenivasan filmography}}

== Discography ==
{{Main|List of songs recorded by Vineeth Sreenivasan}}

Some of his popular songs include "[[Entammede Jimikki Kammal]]", "[[Manikya Malaraya Poovi]]", "Karale Karalinte", "Naran", "Ente Khalbile", "Anuraagathin Velayi", "Nee Pidiyana", "Kaattu Mooliyo", "Aluva Puzhayude", and "Kudukku".<ref name="TOI">{{cite news |title=Mollywood actors who double up as singers|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/photo-features/mollywood-actors-who-double-up-as-singers/mollywood-actors-who-double-up-as-singers/photostory/49551394.cms |work=The Times of India |date=27 October 2015 |access-date=23 April 2024}}</ref><ref name="News">{{cite web |title=The growth of Vineeth Sreenivasan as a versatile performer and popular filmmaker|date=7 August 2023 |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/kerala/growth-vineeth-sreenivasan-versatile-performer-and-popular-filmmaker-180743 |publisher=The News Minute }}</ref><ref name=".9">{{cite news |title=Vineeth Sreenivasan records a song for Mohanlal's Bro Daddy|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/vineeth-sreenivasan-records-a-song-for-mohanlals-bro-daddy/articleshow/85361716.cms |work=The Times of India|date=16 August 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Ente Khalbile is Vineeth's all-time-favorite|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/music/ente-khalbile-is-vineeths-all-time-favorite/articleshow/53957259.cms|work=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Mohandas|first1=Vandana|title=Catching the Jimikki fever|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/kollywood/090917/catching-the-jimikki-fever.html|access-date=21 September 2017|publisher=[[Deccan Chronicle]]|date=9 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2018-03-10|title=Priya Varrier's Manikya Malaraya Poovi song becomes the fastest South Indian video to cross 50 million views on YouTube|url=https://www.bollywoodlife.com/news-gossip/priya-varriers-manikya-malaraya-poovi-song-becomes-the-fastest-south-indian-video-to-cross-50-million-views-on-youtube-1174830/|access-date=2021-02-15|website=Bollywood Life|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title='I am still learning' |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/interview-with-vineeth-sreenivasan/article7607982.ece |work=The Hindu|date=3 September 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title='Kudukku' song from 'Love Action Drama' is viral, inspires several versions |date=25 September 2019 |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/flix/kudukku-song-love-action-drama-viral-inspires-several-versions-109458 |publisher=The News Minute}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Trending: Aluva Puzha song released |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/music/premam-song-aluva-puzha-nivin-pauly-anupama-trending.html |publisher=On Manorama}}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Vineeth married Divya Narayanan on 18 October 2012, after an eight-year-long relationship since 30 March 2004. She was his junior at KCG College of Technology in [[Chennai]].<ref>[http://english.manoramaonline.com/cgi-bin/MMOnline.dll/portal/ep/contentView.do?contentId=12643716&tabId=1&programId=11565535 "Vineeth-Divya wedding".] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140420014633/http://english.manoramaonline.com/cgi-bin/MMOnline.dll/portal/ep/contentView.do?contentId=12643716&tabId=1&programId=11565535 |date=20 April 2014 }} ''ManoramaOnline,'' 18 October 2012.</ref> The couple have a son, Vihaan Divya Vineeth & daughter Shanaya Divya Vineeth.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://english.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/movie-news/vineeth-sreenivasan-shares-adorable-picture-of-baby-vihaan-mollywood-sreenivasn--1.2238461|title=Vineeth Sreenivasan shares adorable picture of baby Vihaan|work=Mathrubhumi|access-date=2018-07-19|archive-date=19 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719143315/http://english.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/movie-news/vineeth-sreenivasan-shares-adorable-picture-of-baby-vihaan-mollywood-sreenivasn--1.2238461|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://englisharchives.mathrubhumi.com/movies-music/movie-news/vineeth-sreenivasan-reveals-his-baby-girl-s-name-shares-first-pic-1.4383190|work=Mathrubhumi|title=Vineeth Sreenivasan reveals his baby girl's name, shares first pic}}</ref>

== Awards and nominations ==
{{Infobox awards list
| wins = 23
| nominations = 6
| awards = {{Custom award|[[Kerala Film Critics Association Awards]]|5|0}}
{{Custom award|[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]|4|4}}
{{Custom award|[[Asianet Film Awards]]|4|0}}
}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Award !! Year !! Category !! Film !! Result !! Ref.
|-
|[[Kerala State Film Awards]]
|[[52nd Kerala State Film Awards|2021]]
|[[Kerala State Film Award for Best Film with Popular Appeal and Aesthetic Value|Best Film with Popular Appeal and Aesthetic Value]]
|[[Hridayam]]
|{{Won}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-28 |title=52nd Kerala State Film Awards: The complete winners list |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/malayalam/52nd-kerala-state-film-awards-the-full-winners-list-live-updates-7939205/ |access-date=2022-07-14 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan=5|[[Kerala Film Critics Association Awards]]
|[[Kerala Film Critics Association Awards 2015|2015]]
|[[Kerala Film Critics Association Award for Best Popular Film|Best Popular Film]]
|[[Oru Vadakkan Selfie]]
|{{Won}}
|<ref name="2015 award">{{Cite news |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/thiruvananthapuram/2016/may/28/kerala-film-critics-association-awards-announced-908701.html |title=Kerala Film Critics Association Awards announced |newspaper=[[The New Indian Express]] |date=28 May 2016 |access-date=25 January 2023}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Kerala Film Critics Association Awards 2016|2016]]
|[[Kerala Film Critics Association Award for Second Best Film|Second Best Film]]
|rowspan=2|[[Jacobinte Swargarajyam]]
|{{won}}
|rowspan=2|<ref name="2016 award">{{cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/film-critics-awards-announced/article17419650.ece/ |work=The Hindu |title=Film critics awards announced |date=7 March 2017 |access-date=25 January 2023}}</ref>
|-
|[[Kerala Film Critics Association Award for Best Screenplay|Best Screenplay]]
|{{won}}
|-
|[[Kerala Film Critics Association Awards 2019|2019]]
|[[Kerala Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor (Male)]]
|[[Thanneer Mathan Dinangal]]
|{{won}}
|<ref name="2019 award">{{cite news |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2020/10/20/film-critics-awards2019-2020-nivin-pauly-manju-jallikattu-winners-list.html |title=Film critics awards: Nivin Pauly & Manju Warrier are best actors, Jallikattu best film |newspaper=[[Malayala Manorama]] |date=20 October 2020 |access-date=25 January 2023}}</ref>
|-
|[[Kerala Film Critics Association Awards 2021|2021]]
|Best Popular Film
|Hridayam
|{{won}}
|<ref name="2021 award">{{Cite news |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/malayalam/news/2022/oct/19/kerala-film-critics-awards-announced-dulquer-salmaan-durga-krishna-win-big-35801.html |title=Kerala Film Critics Awards announced, Dulquer Salmaan, Durga Krishna win big |newspaper=[[Cinema Express]] |date=19 October 2022 |access-date=25 January 2023}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan=10|[[South Indian International Movie Awards]]
|rowspan=2|[[2nd South Indian International Movie Awards|2012]]
| [[SIIMA Award for Best Director – Malayalam|Best Director (Malayalam)]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Thattathin Marayathu]]
|{{nom}}
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |Best Male Playback Singer (Malayalam)
|{{nom}}
|
|-
|[[4th South Indian International Movie Awards|2014]]
|[[Om Shanti Oshana]]
|{{won}}
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[5th South Indian International Movie Awards|2015]]
|Best Actor in a Supporting Role (Malayalam)
|Oru Vadakkan Selfie
|{{nom}}
|
|-
|Best Male Playback Singer (Malayalam)
|[[Premam]]
|{{nom}}
|
|-
|[[6th South Indian International Movie Awards|2016]]
|Best Director (Malayalam)
|Jacobinte Swargarajyam
|{{nom}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/siima-awards-2017-nominations-malayalam-maheshinte-prathikaram-leads-check-date-venue-ticket-728836|title=SIIMA Awards 2017 Malayalam Nominations|website=International Business Times|date=31 May 2017|access-date=17 April 2020}}</ref>
|-
|[[7th South Indian International Movie Awards|2017]]
|Best Male Playback Singer (Malayalam)
|Cappucino
|{{won}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2018/09/15/siima-awards-malayalam-winners-list.html|title=SIIMA Awards: Here are the winners from Malayalam|website=On Manorama}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan=3|[[11th South Indian International Movie Awards|2022]]
|[[SIIMA Award for Best Film – Malayalam|Best Film (Malayalam)]]
|rowspan=2|Hridayam
|{{nom}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.filmibeat.com/top-listing/siima-awards-2023-complete-nominees-and-winners-list-7-1761.html#siima-awards-2023-date-and-venue|title=SIIMA Awards 2023: Complete Nominees and Winners List|website=Filmibeat|date=6 October 2023 }}</ref>
|-
|Best Director (Malayalam)
|{{won}}
|rowspan=2|<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movies/news/siima-awards-2023-full-winners-list-second-day-of-the-event-recognizes-excellence-in-tamil-and-malayalam-cinema/articleshow/103723507.cms|title=SIIMA Awards 2023 full winners list: Second day of the event recognizes excellence in Tamil and Malayalam cinema|website=The Times of India|date=17 September 2023 }}</ref>
|-
|Best Actor in a Negative Role (Malayalam)
|[[Mukundan Unni Associates]]
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Vanitha Film Awards]]||2015||Best Male Playback Singer ||[[Om Shanti Oshana]]||{{won}}||<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/vanithasarah-film-awards-1983-mammootty-manju-warrier-emerge-victorious-winners-list-623226|title=Vanitha–Cera Film Awards|website=International Business Times|date=12 February 2015|access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref>
|-
|2019||Best Star Pair (shared with [[Nikhila Vimal]])||[[Aravindante Athidhikal]]||{{won}}||<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.onmanorama.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/2019/03/02/vanitha-film-awards-winners-list-live-show-kochi.html|title=Vanitha Film Awards: Mohanlal wins Best Actor, Manju Warrier is Best Actress|website=Malayala Manorama|date=3 March 2019|access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref>
|-
|[[Asianet Comedy Awards]]|| 2016 || All Rounder of the year|| Various Films || {{won}}
|-
|rowspan=4|[[Asianet Film Awards]]
|[[15th Asianet Film Awards|2012]]
|Multi Faced Talent
|Thattathin Marayathu
|{{won}}
|<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.filmibeat.com/malayalam/news/2013/asianet-film-awards-2013-winners-list-102810.html |title=Asianet Film Awards 2013 – Winners List |publisher=Oneindia |date=21 January 2013 |access-date=3 February 2013 |archive-date=12 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112212135/http://entertainment.oneindia.in/malayalam/news/2013/asianet-film-awards-2013-winners-list-102810.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| [[17th Asianet Film Awards|2014]]
| Best Star Pair (shared with [[Namitha Pramod]])
|[[Ormayundo Ee Mukham]]
|{{won}}
|
|-
|2015
|Best Performer of the Year
|Various Films
|{{won}}
|<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/18th-asianet-film-awards-vikram-trisha-prithviraj-mohanlal-nivin-pauly-bag-awards-full-666090|title=18th Asianet Film Awards: Vikram, Trisha, Prithviraj, Mohanlal, Nivin Pauly bag awards [Full winners' list+photos]|website=International Business Times|date=8 February 2016 }}</ref>
|-
|2017
|Youth Icon of the Year
|
|{{won}}
|
|-
|rowspan=6|[[Asiavision Awards]]||rowspan=2|2012|| Man Of The Year|| rowspan="2" |[[Thattathin Marayathu]]||{{won}}||
|-
|Popular Movie||{{won}}||
|-
|2013||Socially Committed Movie||[[Thira]]||{{won}}||
|-
|2015||Best Playback singer||[[Premam]]||{{won}}||
|-
|2016||Best Film||Jacobinte Swargarajyam||{{won}}||
|-
|2017 || Popular Singer ||[[Velipadinte Pusthakam]]||{{won}}||<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/asiavision-movie-awards-2017-deepika-padukone-dulquer-salmaan-manju-warrier-tovino-thomas-grace-751076|title=Asiavision Movie Awards 2017: Deepika Padukone, Dulquer Salmaan, Manju Warrier, Tovino Thomas grace event [PHOTOS]|website=International Business Times|date=2017-11-28|access-date=2020-01-03}}</ref>
|-
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|id=2068971}}
* {{instagram|vineeth84}}
* {{Rotten-tomatoes-person|vineeth_sreenivasan|Vineeth Sreenivasan}}

{{Vineeth Sreenivasan}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sreenivasan, Vineeth}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian male singers]]
[[Category:Malayalam-language playback singers]]
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Male actors from Kerala]]
[[Category:Male actors from Kannur]]
[[Category:Male actors in Malayalam cinema]]
[[Category:Artists from Kerala]]
[[Category:1984 births]]
[[Category:People from Kannur district]]
[[Category:Malayalam film producers]]
[[Category:Malayalam film directors]]
[[Category:Malayalam screenwriters]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian male actors]]
[[Category:Singers from Kerala]]
[[Category:Film directors from Kannur district]]
[[Category:Film producers from Kerala]]
[[Category:Screenwriters from Kerala]]
[[Category:Kerala Film Critics Awards winners]]

Curlew Island (Andaman Islands)

2026-03-10T11:15:56Z

AnnettaCastanon: new info

{{Use Indian English|date=September 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2016}}
{{Infobox islands
| name = Curlew Island
| native_name =
| native_name_link =
| native_name_lang =
| sobriquet =
| image_name =
| image_size =
| image_caption =
| image_alt =
| map_alt =
| map_width =
| map = India Andaman and Nicobar Islands
| map_caption = Location of Curlew Island
| coordinates = {{coord|13.003|N|92.912|E|region:IN-AN_type:isle_dim:50000_source:GNS-enwiki|display=inline,title}}
| etymology =
| location = [[Bay of Bengal]]
| archipelago = [[Andaman Islands]]
| waterbody = [[Indian Ocean]]
| area_km2 = 0.043
| area_footnotes = <ref name="cit">{{cite web|url=http://andssw1.and.nic.in/ecostat/basicstatPDF2013_14/1.Demogrpahy.pdf|title=Islandwise Area and Population - 2011 Census|publisher=Government of Andaman|access-date=26 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828015509/http://andssw1.and.nic.in/ecostat/basicstatPDF2013_14/1.Demogrpahy.pdf|archive-date=28 August 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| rank =
| length_km = 0.31
| width_km = 0.12
| coastline_km = 0.80
| elevation_m = 0
| elevation_footnotes =
| highest_mount =
| country = {{flag|India}}
| country_admin_divisions_title = [[List of districts in India#Andaman and Nicobar (AN)|District]]
| country_admin_divisions = [[North and Middle Andaman district|North and Middle Andaman]]
| country_admin_divisions_title_1 = [[Island group]]
| country_admin_divisions_1 = [[Andaman Islands]]
| country_admin_divisions_title_2 = Island sub-group
| country_admin_divisions_2 = [[Stewart Sound Group]]
| country_admin_divisions_title_3 = [[Tehsils of India|Taluk]]
| country_admin_divisions_3 = [[Diglipur|Diglipur Taluk]]
| population = 0
| population_as_of = 2016
| population_footnotes =
| population_rank =
| population_rank_max =
| density_km2 =
| density_rank =
| density_footnotes =
| ethnic_groups = [[Hindu]], [[Andamanese people|Andamanese]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| timezone1_DST =
| utc_offset1_DST =
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 744202<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.india-codes.com/pincodes/a-n-islands-pin-code |title=A&N Islands - Pincodes |date=22 September 2016 |accessdate=22 September 2016 |url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140323224041/http://www.india-codes.com/pincodes/a-n-islands-pin-code |archivedate=23 March 2014 |df=dmy }}</ref>
| area_code = 031927 <ref name="allcodesindia">{{cite web|url=http://allcodesindia.in/stdcode/andaman+and+nicobar.php|publisher=allcodesindia.in|title=STD Codes of Andaman and Nicobar|accessdate=2016-09-23|archive-date=17 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017043815/http://allcodesindia.in/stdcode/andaman%2Band%2Bnicobar.php|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| website = {{URL|http://www.and.nic.in/}}
| iso_code_type = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|ISO code]]
| iso_code = IN-AN-00<ref>Registration Plate Numbers added to ISO Code</ref>
|additional_info = {{Infobox|child=yes
| label2 = Literacy | data2 = 84.4%
| label3 = Avg. summer temperature| data3 ={{convert|30.2|°C|°F}}
| label4 = Avg. winter temperature| data4 ={{convert|23.0|°C|°F}}
| label5 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]| data5 =1.2[[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| label7 = Census Code| data7 = 35.639.0004
| label8 = Official Languages| data8 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[English language|English]]
}}
}}

'''Curlew Island''' is an island of the [[Andaman Islands]]. It belongs to the [[North and Middle Andaman district|North and Middle Andaman]] administrative [[Districts of India|district]], part of the [[India]]n [[union territory]] of [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]].<ref name="census">{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-VillageDirectory/Directory/short_code_rural_35.pdf|title=Village Code Directory: Andaman & Nicobar Islands|publisher=Census of India|accessdate=2011-01-16}}</ref> The island lies {{convert|150|km|0|abbr=on}} north of [[Port Blair]].

==History==
Curlew Island had a wildlife station to monitor birds, with permanent inhabitants.
The station was evacuated at the end of 2015 due to budget discontinued.
The island is now uninhabited.

==Geography==
The island belongs to the [[Stewart Sound Group]].

==Administration==
Politically, Curlew Island, along neighboring [[Stewart Sound Group]], is part of [[Diglipur]] [[Tehsils of India|Taluk]].<ref name="and">{{cite web |url=http://andssw1.and.nic.in/ecostat/basicstatPDF2013_14/1.Demogrpahy.pdf |publisher=andssw1.and.nic.in |title=DEMOGRAPHIC – A&N ISLANDS |accessdate=2016-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828015509/http://andssw1.and.nic.in/ecostat/basicstatPDF2013_14/1.Demogrpahy.pdf |archive-date=28 August 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The village was located on the northern tip of the islet.

== Demographics ==
The island is now uninhabited.<ref>In 2015 the wildlife station was evacuated</ref>
According to the [[2011 census of India]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.census2011.co.in/data/village/645290-curlew-island-andaman-and-nicobar-islands.html|title=Curlew Island Village Population - Diglipur - North and Middle Andaman, Andaman and Nicobar Islands}}</ref> the Island had 2 households. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 50%.<ref name="census_2011">{{cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3500_PART_B_DCHB_ANDAMAN%20&%20NICOBAR%20ISLANDS.pdf |title=District Census Handbook - Andaman & Nicobar Islands |work=[[2011 Census of India]] |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Andaman & Nicobar Islands |accessdate=2015-07-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801173328/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3500_PART_B_DCHB_ANDAMAN%20%26%20NICOBAR%20ISLANDS.pdf |archivedate=1 August 2015 |df=dmy }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Demographics (2011 Census)<ref name="census_2011"/>
! !! Total !! Male !! Female
|-
| Population || 2|| 2|| 0
|-
| Children aged below 6 years || 0|| 0|| 0
|-
| [[Scheduled caste]] || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| [[Scheduled tribe]] || 2|| 2|| 0
|-
| Literates || 1|| 1|| 0
|-
| Workers (all) || 2|| 2|| 0
|-
| Main workers (total) || 2|| 2|| 0
|}

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Portal|India|Islands}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050728121303/http://www.gsi.gov.in/mudvol.htm Geological Survey of India]
*{{wikivoyage inline|Andaman and Nicobar Islands}}
{{North and Middle Andaman district |state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Curlew Island}}
[[Category:Cities and towns in North and Middle Andaman district]]
[[Category:Islands of North and Middle Andaman district]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands]]
[[Category:Uninhabited islands of India]]
[[Category:Islands of India]]
[[Category:Islands of the Bay of Bengal]]

{{AndamanNicobar-geo-stub}}

Maavi Chiguru

2026-03-08T07:22:28Z

AnnettaCastanon:

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Maavi Chiguru
| image = Maavichiguru.jpg
| caption = Movie Poster
| director = [[S. V. Krishna Reddy]]
| producer = P. Usha Rani
| writer = Diwakar Babu {{small|(dialogues)}}
| story = S. V. Krishna Reddy
| screenplay = S. V. Krishna Reddy
| starring = [[Jagapathi Babu]] [[Aamani]] [[Ranjitha]]
| music = S. V. Krishna Reddy
| studio = [[Sri Sravanthi Movies]] & Chandra Kiran Films
| cinematography = Sarath
| editing = K. Ramgopal Reddy
| released = {{Film date|1996|5|30|df=yes}}
| runtime = 141 minutes
| country = India
| language = Telugu
}}

'''''Maavi Chiguru''''' ({{translation|New mango shoot}}) is a 1996 Indian [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-language [[drama (film and television)|drama film]] written and directed by [[S. V. Krishna Reddy]]. The film is produced by P. Usharani under Chandra Kiran Films and presented by Sri Sravanthi Movies. It stars [[Jagapathi Babu]], [[Aamani]], and [[Ranjitha]] with music composed by [[S. V. Krishna Reddy]]. The film was remade in Malayalam as ''[[Kumkumacheppu]]'' (1996), in Kannada as ''Mangalasutra'' (1997) and in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] as ''[[Thodarum]]'' (1999). The film won three [[Nandi Awards]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=September 4, 2018|title=Telugu actor Jagapati Babu to make Bollywood debut in Ajay Devgn's Taanaji – The Unsung Warrior|url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/telugu-actor-jagapati-babu-to-make-bollywood-debut-in-ajay-devgns-taanaji-the-unsung-warrior-5112111.html|website=[[Firstpost]]}}</ref>

==Plot==
The film begins with Madhu marrying an innocent and traditional girl, Seeta. She is very possessive towards her husband. Soon after the wedding, she vexes Madhu with her overly affectionate nature and traditional attitude. After a while, the pair are blessed with a boy.

All goes well until a mischievous girl, Sudha, arrives. Sudha joins as Madhu's secretary. Once Madhu realizes behind all the mischief there is tragedy, a friendship develops. She had lost her parents. When finding out, Madhu hugs Sudha to provide solace. Unfortunately, Seeta sees this and her suspicion regarding them turns into rage. She argues with Madhu and forbids him from touching her. From there, Seeta hounds Madhu in unusual ways.

Seeta generates bad propaganda by attributing an illicit affair between the two, which blackens Sudha. Thus, Madhu has no choice except to get Sudha home. Accordingly, Seeta quits and applies for divorce. Though Madhu adamantly opposes it, Seeta prevails and leaves their kid with her husband. During that plight, Sudha moves to rectify the chaos. An astonished Seeta reveals that she is terminally ill and has a heart problem. Hence, Seeta made this play to knit Madhu and Sudha together. Affording her husband and young son a new life. Now, Seeta pleads with Sudha to get Madhu ready for marriage, which she does. At last, Sudha reveals the truth and Seeta lives to see her final wishes fulfilled. Finally, the movie ends happily, with Madhu & Sudha leading a delightful life and naming their daughter Seeta.

==Cast==
{{colbegin}}
* [[Jagapati Babu]] as Madhu
* [[Aamani]] as Seetha
* [[Ranjitha]] as Sudha
* [[Brahmanandam]] as Head Clerk
* [[Babu Mohan]] as Gopi
* [[Ali (actor)|Ali]] as Peon
* [[Tanikella Bharani]] as Lawyer Satyanandam
* [[Giri Babu]] as Madhu's boss
* [[Allu Ramalingaiah]] Sita's grandfather
* [[Sivaji Raja]] as Assistant lawyer
* [[Subbaraya Sharma]] as Judge
* [[P. J. Sarma]] as Doctor
* [[Gundu Hanumantha Rao]] as Departmental Store Owner
* [[Ironleg Sastri]] as Bujjulu
* Dham as Raktha Cola
* [[Jenny (actor)|Jenny]]
* Kishore Rathi
* [[Sri Lakshmi (actress)|Sri Lakshmi]] as Radha
* Siva Parvati as Satyanandam's wife
* Madhurima as [[item number]]
* [[Nirmalamma]] as Sita's grandmother
{{colend}}

==Soundtrack==
{{Infobox album
| name = Maavi Chiguru
| type = film
| artist = [[S. V. Krishna Reddy]]
| cover =
| alt =
| released = 1996
| recorded =
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = Soundtrack
| length = 26:31
| label = [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]]
| producer = [[S. V. Krishna Reddy]]
| prev_title = [[Gunshot (film)|Gunshot]]
| prev_year = 1996
| next_title = [[Vinodam]]
| next_year = 1996
}}

Music composed by [[S. V. Krishna Reddy]]. Music is released on [[T-Series (company)|T-Series]] Music Company. "Ramju Bhale Ramchilaka" was copied from ''[[Aradhana (1969 film)|Aradhana]]'' (1969)'s "Roop Tera Mastana". All the songs were well received with the track "Maataivvamma" becoming a chartbuster. Rendered by [[K. S. Chithra|Chitra]], she won the [[Nandi Award]] for best playback singer, female.{{citation needed|date=August 2025}}

{{Track listing
| collapsed =
| headline = Track listing<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.jiosaavn.com/album/maavi-chiguru/WcV7x,JnnmY_ | website = [[JioSaavn]] | title = Maavi Chiguru | date = July 1996 | accessdate = 8 December 2020}}</ref>
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length = 28:21
| all_writing =
| all_lyrics =
| all_music =

| title1 = Kodanda Ramudanta
| lyrics1 = [[Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry]]
| extra1 = [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Jagapati Babu]], [[Vandemataram Srinivas]], Prasanna, [[Allu Ramalingaiah]], [[M. M. Srilekha]], Renuka
| length1 = 4:49

| title2 = Kommana Kulike Koyila
| lyrics2 = [[Bhuvanachandra]]
| extra2 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, [[K. S. Chithra]]
| length2 = 4:31

| title3 = Mata Ivvamma Chelli
| lyrics3 = Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry
| extra3 = K. S. Chithra
| length3 = 4:44

| title4 = Kondamalli Kondaamalli
| lyrics4 = Bhuvanachandra
| extra4 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra
| length4 = 4:47

| title5 = Ramju Bhale Ramchilaka
| lyrics5 = Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry
| extra5 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, [[Anupama Deshpande|Anupama]]
| length5 = 3:37

| title6 = Manasa Sancharare
| lyrics6 = [[Sadasiva Brahmendra]]
| extra6 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
| length6 = 0:59

| title7 = Maavichiguru Thini
| lyrics7 = Sirivennela Seetharama Sastry
| extra7 = S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra
| length7 = 4:54
}}

== Reception ==
A critic from ''Andhra Today'' stated that "But the treatment is good and all credit is due to the director. Diwakar Babu's dialogues have helped in the movie becoming a success. The main characters do well and the songs are good".<ref>{{Cite web |date=1998-02-13 |title=REVIEWS |url=http://www.andhratoday.com/movie/mavi.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980213002327/http://www.andhratoday.com/movie/mavi.htm |archive-date=13 February 1998 |access-date=2023-04-12 |website=andhratoday.com}}</ref>

==Awards==
;[[Nandi Awards]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ipr.ap.nic.in/New_Links/Film.pdf|title=నంది అవార్డు విజేతల పరంపర (1964–2008)|trans-title=A series of Nandi Award Winners (1964–2008)|publisher=[[Andhra Pradesh (magazine)|Information & Public Relations of Andhra Pradesh]]|access-date=21 August 2020}}(in [[Telugu language|Telugu]])</ref>
*[[Nandi Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]] - [[Jagapati Babu]]
*[[Nandi Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]] - [[Ranjitha]]
*[[Nandi Award for Best Female Playback Singer|Best Female Playback Singer]] - [[K. S. Chithra]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|id= 0293858}}

{{S. V. Krishna Reddy}}

[[Category:1996 films]]
[[Category:1996 Telugu-language films]]
[[Category:Indian drama films]]
[[Category:Films directed by S. V. Krishna Reddy]]
[[Category:Films scored by S. V. Krishna Reddy]]
[[Category:Telugu films remade in other languages]]

{{1990s-Telugu-film-stub}}

Possessions of Muhammad

2026-03-05T18:10:47Z

AnnettaCastanon: fix article based on references

{{Short description|Possessions that were believed to have belonged to Muhammad}}
{{More citations needed|date=January 2017}}
{{Muhammad|expanded=related}}

The '''possessions of the Islamic prophet [[Muhammad]]''' are a group of his items and possessions such as weapons, armor and clothing, including those known with unique names. There is doubt about the attribution of these possessions to Muhammad, as many of them were lost during wars and tribulations.

==Weapons==
=== Swords ===
Muhammad had nine [[sword]]s: 2 through inheritance, 3 from spoils of war, and the remaining were given as gifts. Eight of the nine swords of Muhammed are in the [[Topkapı Palace]], Turkey. The 9th one is in Cairo, Egypt.

However, only the "Dhu al-faqar" was proven in the authentic ''[[Sunnah]]'' of these swords.
* Al-’Adb ({{langx|ar| العَضب}}) is the name of sword meaning “anger” or “sharp.” This sword was sent to Muhammad by one of his companions, [[Saʽd ibn ʽUbadah]], just before the [[Battle of Badr]]. Muhammad also used this sword at the [[Battle of Uhud]] and his followers used it, to note one companion ''Samaak bin Kharsha'' (commonly known as "[[Abu Dujana (Sahabah)|Abu Dujanah]]"), to demonstrate their fealty to him, to show the strength, solidity and durability of Islam and Muslims' elegance in front of the [[Quraysh]]is who opposed him. Currently the sword is in the [[Al-Hussein Mosque]] in [[Cairo]], Egypt.<ref>[http://www.hamariweb.com/articles/article.aspx?id=48302 Swords of Prophet]</ref>
* Al-Ma’thur ({{langx|ar| المأثُوُر}}), also known as “Ma’thur al-Fijar” is the sword which was owned by Muhammad before he received his first revelations in [[Mecca]]. This sword was given to him due to the will of [[Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|his father]]. When Muhammad migrated from Mecca to [[Medina]], the sword remained with him until it was transferred to [[Ali ibn Abi Talib]], along with other war equipment. The length of the sword with the handle is 95 cm, the length of the handle is 14 cm, the width at the handle is 4 cm, while the length of the blade is 81 cm, and the length at the tip is 3.5 cm. The handle is made of [[gold]] in the shape of two [[Serpent (symbolism)|serpents]], and is encrusted with [[emeralds]] and [[turquoise]]. Near the handle is an inscription saying: [[Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib]]. This sword is housed in the [[Topkapi Museum]], Istanbul.
* Ar-Rasub ({{langx|ar| الرسَّوب}}). The sword is preserved in the [[Topkapi Museum|Topkapi museum]], Istanbul. The blade of this sword is 140 cm in length. It has gold circles.
* Al-Battar ({{langx|ar| البَتَّار}}, meaning "cutter") sword was taken by Muhammad as booty from the [[Banu Qaynuqa|Banu Qaynaqa]]. It is called the “sword of the prophets” and is inscribed in Arabic with the names of [[David]], [[Solomon]], [[Moses]], [[Aaron]], [[Joshua]], [[Zechariah (Hebrew prophet)|Zechariah]], [[John the Evangelist|John]], [[Jesus]], and [[Muhammad]]. It also has a drawing of King David cutting off the head of [[Goliath]]. The sword also features a [[Nabataeans|Nabataean]] inscription.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Wheeler|first1=Brannon|title=al-Battar|url=http://www.usna.edu/Users/humss/bwheeler/swords/batar.html|website=United States Naval Academy|access-date=3 December 2015|archive-date=25 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125100100/https://www.usna.edu/Users/humss/bwheeler/swords/batar.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The length of blade of this sword is 101 cm, the sword is made of copper with a black sheath. It is currently in the [[Topkapi Museum]] in [[Istanbul]], along with eight of the nine preserved swords of Muhammad. It is claimed by some to be the sword that Jesus will use when he returns to [[Earth]] to defeat the [[anti-Christ]], [[Dajjal]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Lohlker|first1=Rudiger|title=Jihadism: Online Discourses and Representations|date=2013|publisher=Vienna University Press|page=65|isbn=9783847100683|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EBBDD_qB-68C&dq=albattar+istanbul&pg=PA65|access-date=3 December 2015}}</ref> https://damas-original.nur.nu/Bilder/Prophet-swords_batar-david.jpg
* Hatf ({{langx|ar| الحتف}}, meaning "death") is a sword which Muhammad took as booty from the [[Banu Qaynuqa|Banu Qaynaqa]]. It is said that [[King David]] took the sword “al-Battar” from [[Goliath]] as booty when he defeated him, when he was less than 20 years old. [[God]] gave King David the ability to work with [[iron]], to make [[armour]] and [[weapons]] and instruments of war, and using his ability made for himself a sword. It was thus that the Hatf sword came about, resembling the al-Battar but larger than it. He used this sword and it was passed onto the [[tribe of Levi]]tes who kept the weapons of the [[Israelites]] until it passed into the hands of Muhammad. Nowadays this sword is housed in the [[Topkapi Museum|Topkapi museum]]. The blade of this sword is 112 cm in length and has a width of 8 cm. It is the heaviest of swords and Muhammad gave the sword to Ali bin Abi Talib.
* Qal’i ({{langx|ar| القلعى}}) sword is known as “Qal’i” or “Qul’ay.” This sword is one of the three swords which Muhammad acquired as booty from the [[Banu Qaynuqa|Banu Qaynaqa]]. . Inscribed in Arabic on its blade above the handle is: “This is the noble sword of the house of Muhammad the prophet, the apostle of God.” The blade of this sword is distinguished from the other swords because of its wave-like design. Now the sword is preserved in the [[Topkapi Museum]], [[Istanbul]]. Its length is 114 cm, the length of its handle is 13 cm, the length of the blade is 91 cm, and the width at the handle is 5.5 cm and the tip is 4.5 cm.
* [[Zulfiqar|Dhu al-Faqar]] ({{langx|ar| الفَقَار}}) was taken as booty by Muhammad at the [[Battle of Badr]]. The length of the sword with the handle is 104 cm, the length of the handle is 15 cm, the length of the blade is 89 cm, and the width at the handle is 6 cm and at the tip is 4.5 cm.
* Al-Mikhdham ({{langx|ar| المِخذَم}}, meaning "segments of part of the main body or vertebrae") is now in the [[Topkapi Museum]], [[Istanbul]]. The blade is 97 cm in length.
* Al-Qadib ({{langx|ar| القَضيب}}, meaning "rod, staff") is a thin-bladed sword which was a sword of defense or companionship for the traveller but not used to battle. Written on the side of the sword in silver is the inscription: “''There is no god but Allah (God), Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah (God) – Muhammad Ibn Abd Allah Ibn Abd Al-Muttalib''.” There is no indication in any historical source that this sword was used in any battle. It stayed in the house of Muhammad. The length of the sword is 100 cm, the length of the blade is 86 cm, the length of its handle is 14 cm, and its width at the handle is 2.8 cm, and at the shrew is 2.2 cm, and has a scabbard of dyed animal hide. This sword is housed in the Topkapi Museum, Istanbul.

===Quiver===
Muhammad had a [[quiver]], Al-Kafur ({{langx|ar| الكافور}}). This quiver had a strap made from tanned skin. This quiver had also three silver circular rings, a buckle, and an edge made of silver.

===Bows===
Muhammad owned 6 bows.
* Az-Zawra ({{langx|ar| الزوراء}})
* Ar-Rauha ({{langx|ar| الروحاء}})
* As-Safra ({{langx|ar| الصفراء}})
* Al-Bayda' ({{langx|ar| البيضاء}})
* Al-Katum ({{langx|ar| الكتوم}}): This bow broke during the [[Battle of Uhud]] and later was taken by Qatadah bin an-Nu’man
* As-Saddad ({{langx|ar| السداد }})

===Spears===
Muhammad owned five [[spears]]:
* Al-Muthwi ({{langx|ar| المثوي}})
* Al-Muthni ({{langx|ar| المثنى}})
* An-Na'bah ({{langx|ar| النعبة}}): a small spear
* Al-Bayda' ({{langx|ar| البيضاء}}) a bigger spear
* Anazah ({{langx|ar| العنزة}}): a short lance, which Muhammad held while attending the ‘Id festivals, and used to place in front of him when he led the prayer, using it as a ''[[sutrah]]''. Sometimes, Muhammad walked while holding the ‘Anazah.

==Armor==
=== Body armor ===
Muhammad had seven pieces of body armor<ref>{{ cite book| last='Alawi | first=Muhammad| authorlink = Muhammad 'Alawi al-Maliki |title= Muhammad The Best of Creation }}</ref>
* Dhat al-Fudul ({{langx|ar| ذات الفضول}}), which he pawned with Abu ash-Shahm, a Jew, in return for some 30 sa’ (weights relate to food) of barley for his family. The debt was for a year. This armor was made of iron.
* Dhat al-Wishah ({{langx|ar| ذات الوشاح}})
* Dhat al-Hawashi ({{langx|ar| ذات الحواشي}})
* As-Sa’diyyah ({{langx|ar| السعدية}})
* Fiddah ({{langx|ar| فضة}})
* Al-Batra ({{langx|ar| البتراء}})
* Al-Khirniq ({{langx|ar| الخرنق}})

===Helmets===

Muhammad had several helmets:
* Al-Muwashah ({{langx|ar| الموشح}}): a helmet made of iron, adorned with copper.
* As-Sabugh ({{langx|ar| السبوغ}}) or Dhu as-Sabugh ({{langx|ar| ذو السبوغ}})

===Shields===
Muhammad had several shields:
* Az-Zalluq ({{langx|ar| الْزَلُوق}})
* Al-Futaq ({{langx|ar| الفتق}}) was given to Muhammad as a gift, It is also said that there was a picture of a statue on the shield. Muhammad always placed his hand on the image of the statue on his shield. [[Allah]] made the image fade away.

==Clothing and accessories==
Muhammad owned three long shirts (jubbas in Arabic) which he wore during battle. In one of the narrations from Ahmad, he said that it is allowed to wear silk during war.

Accessory items included:
* Al-'Uqab ({{langx|ar| العقاب}}): a black banner or flag. According to hadith of Abu Dawud's "Sunan" from one of the Companions who said: "I saw the Prophet’s banner, it was yellow."<ref>'Zad al-Ma'ad'; 1/50</ref>
* White banners that were sometimes mixed with black.
* A pavilion called Al-Kann ({{langx|ar| الكن}}), and a crook that was one cubit's length long which Muhammad would carry while walking or riding.
* A baton called Al-'Arjun.
* A staff called Al-Mamshuq.

== Descriptions ==
The 9th-century Emir [[Ahmad ibn Tulun|Ahmad Ibn Tulun]] mentioned in his book “''Mufākahat al-Khullān'' ''fī Hawādith Az-Zamān''”, in the incidents of the year 19 AH (640 CE) and 900 AH (1500 CE) that some claimed that they had a mug and some crutches of Muhammad and that “it was found that they are not of the possessions of the Prophet Muhammad, but rather they are the fragments of [[al-Layth ibn Sa'd]]."

The 15th-century scholar [[al-Suyuti]] said, on the authority of Muhammad (his garment):
{{Quote|text="This (the possessions) was used by the caliphs to inherit it and put it on their shoulders in processions sitting and riding, and it was on the able-bodied when he was killed and contaminated with blood, and I think it was lost in the temptation of the Tatars, for we belong to Allah (God) and to Him we shall return."}}

The modern scholar [[Ahmed Taymour]] says - after listing the remnants attributed to Muhammad in [[Istanbul]]:

{{Quote|text="It is no secret that some of these remnants are likely to be true. However, we did not see any of the trustworthy people who mentioned it with proof or denial, for Allah (God), Glory be to Him, who knows about it best, and some of them cannot conceal what the idea or notion that stumbles on of suspicion and disputes it in doubts."}}

==See also==
*[[Relics of Muhammad]]
*[[Sacred Relics (Topkapı Palace)]]
* ''[[Bayt al-Mawlid]]'', the [[Makkah Al Mukarramah Library|house]] where Muhammad is believed to have been born.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.usna.edu/Users/humss/bwheeler/swords/mikhdham.html al-Mikhdham] (inc. image) - ''source: Center for Middle East and Islamic Studies, Department of History, [[United States Naval Academy]]''
*[http://seerah.daiyah.cf/swords-of-prophet-muhammad.html List of Prophet's Swords]

{{Muhammad2}}

[[Category:Possessions of Muhammad]]
[[Category:History of weapons]]

Usha Prashar, Baroness Prashar

2026-03-05T05:52:53Z

AnnettaCastanon: Updated article with clearer structure

{{Short description|British politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|honorific-prefix = [[The Right Honourable]]
|name = The Baroness Prashar
|honorific-suffix ={{postnominals|size=100%|country=GBR|CBE|PC}}
|image = Official portrait of Baroness Prashar crop 2, 2025.jpg
|imagesize =
|smallimage =
|caption = Official portrait, 2025
|office = Chair of the [[Judicial Appointments Commission]]
|term_start = 3 April 2006
|term_end = 7 February 2011
|predecessor = [[Constitutional Reform Act 2005|''Office created'']]
|successor = Christopher Stephens
|office1 = [[Chancellor (education)|Chancellor]] of [[De Montfort University]]
|1blankname1 = [[Chancellor (education)#Vice-chancellor|Vice-Chancellor]]
|1namedata1 = Philip Tasker
|term_start1 = 2000
|term_end1 = 2006
|predecessor1 = John White
|successor1 = [[The Lord Alli]]
| office2 = [[Member of the House of Lords]]
| status2 = [[Lord Temporal]]
| termlabel2 = [[Life peer]]age
| term_start2 = 15 July 1999
| term_end2 =
|office4 = Director of the [[National Council for Voluntary Organisations]]
|term_start4 = 1986
|term_end4 = 1991
|predecessor4 = Bill Griffiths
|successor4 = [[Judy Weleminsky]]
|birthname = Usha Kumari Prashar
|birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1948|06|29}}
|birth_place = [[Kenya]]
|death_date =
|death_place =
|nationality = British
|restingplace =
|restingplacecoordinates =
|partner =
|profession =
}}
'''Usha Prashar, Baroness Prashar''' is a British politician and a [[crossbench]] member of the [[House of Lords]]. Since the 1970s, she has served as a director or chair of a variety of public and private sector organisations. She became the first chair of the [[Judicial Appointments Commission]] upon its creation in April 2006.

==Early life and education==
Born in [[Kenya]], she came to Yorkshire with her father Naurhia Lal Prashar and family in the 1960s. She was educated at the then direct grant school [[Wakefield Girls' High School]], becoming head girl in 1967. Prashar read Politics at [[Leeds University]], graduating in 1970 with a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree, after which she undertook postgraduate studies in [[Social Administration]] at the [[University of Glasgow]].

==Career==

===Private sector===
Baroness Prashar was a [[non-executive director]] of [[Channel Four Television Corporation]] from 1992 to 1999, of [[UNITE Group plc]] from 2001 to 2004, and became a non-executive director of [[ITV plc]] in February 2005.

===Public sector===
Baroness Prashar was executive chair of the [[Parole Board|Parole Board of England and Wales]] from October 1997 to October 2000. Having been appointed a [[Civil Service Commission]]er in 1990, she was [[First Civil Service Commissioner]] from August 2000 to 2005.

===Non-governmental sector===
Baroness Prashar is a trustee of [[Cumberland Lodge]], an educational charity initiating fresh debate on the burning questions facing society.<ref>[http://www.cumberlandlodge.ac.uk/aboutus/trustees_of_cumberland_lodge Cumberland Lodge: Trustees] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110404015647/http://www.cumberlandlodge.ac.uk/aboutus/trustees_of_cumberland_lodge |date=4 April 2011 }}</ref>

Baroness Prashar became a governor of [[De Montfort University]] in 1996, and became its chancellor in 2001. She was chair of the [[National Literacy Trust]] from 2001 to 2005. She was appointed a [[trustee]] of the [[BBC World Service Trust]] in 2002, and was president of the [[Royal Commonwealth Society]]. She was Deputy Chair of the [[British Council]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.britishcouncil.org/about/board|title=Our organisation {{!}} British Council|website=britishcouncil.org|language=en|access-date=2018-04-27}}</ref>

Baroness Prashar was a director of the [[Runnymede Trust]] from 1976 to 1984, a [[Fellow]] with the [[Policy Studies Institute]] from 1984 to 1986, and Director of the [[National Council for Voluntary Organisations]] from 1986 to 1991. She is also a governor of the [[Ditchley Foundation]], which organises conferences in Oxfordshire.<ref>[http://www.ditchley.co.uk/page/64/the-governors.htm The Ditchley Foundation: The Governors] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060926002401/http://www.ditchley.co.uk/page/64/the-governors.htm |date=26 September 2006 }}</ref>

===Iraq Inquiry===
Since July 2009, Baroness Prashar has served on the [[Iraq Inquiry]]. She was sworn of the [[Privy Council of the United Kingdom|Privy Council]] the same year<ref>{{cite web |publisher=Privy Council Office |title=Privy Counsellors |url=https://privycouncil.independent.gov.uk/privy-council/privy-council-members/privy-counsellors/ |access-date=30 December 2016 |archive-date=13 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190713132409/https://privycouncil.independent.gov.uk/privy-council/privy-council-members/privy-counsellors/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> to facilitate access to the classified information related to the [[Iraq War]].

===UK Community Foundations===
She previously served as the Honorary President of [https://ukcommunityfoundations.org/ UK Community Foundations] (UKCF), the umbrella organisation for all community foundations, providing philanthropic advice to clients and delivering UK-wide grant-making programmes.

==Honours and styles==
===Honours===
She was appointed as a [[Commander of the Order of the British Empire]] (CBE) in the [[1995 New Year Honours]] for services to community relations,<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=53893 |date=31 December 1994 |page=10 |supp=y}}</ref> and was made a [[life peer]] on 15 July 1999 as '''''Baroness Prashar''', of [[Runnymede]], in the County of [[Surrey]]''.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=55559 |date=21 July 1999 |page=7857}}</ref>

In 2016, she was awarded an honorary [[doctorate of law]] by the [[University of London]]. Later in 2018, was awarded an honorary [[Doctor of Literature|doctorate of literature]] from [[Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology]] in India.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.gnn.gov.uk/environment/detail.asp?ReleaseID=172274&NewsAreaID=2&NavigatedFromDepartment=True Inaugural Judicial Appointments Commission Chair] ([[Government News Network|GNN]] announcement, 6 October 2005)
*[http://www.itvplc.com/itv/news/releases/pr2005/2005-02-08a/ Appointment] as non-executive director of [[ITV plc]] (8 February 2005)
*[https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld199899/minutes/990726/ldminute.htm Announcement of her introduction at the House of Lords] House of Lords minutes of proceedings, 26 July 1999
*[https://www.theyworkforyou.com/peer/baroness_prashar Baroness Prashar's profile on TheyWorkForYou.com]
*[https://www.iraqinquiry.org.uk/background/ushaprashar.aspx Baroness Prashar's profile on official Iraq Inquiry site]
* [https://ukcommunityfoundations.org/ UK Community Foundations (UKCF)]

{{s-start}}
{{s-gov}}
{{s-bef|before=Sir [[Michael Bett]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[First Civil Service Commissioner]]|years=2000–2005}}
{{s-aft|after=Dame [[Janet Paraskeva]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Members of the Iraq Inquiry}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Prashar, Usha Baroness Prashar}}
[[Category:1948 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Glasgow]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Leeds]]
[[Category:British women chief executives]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[Category:Crossbench life peers|Prashar, Usha Prashar, Baroness]]
[[Category:English Hindus]]
[[Category:Kenyan emigrants to the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Life peeresses created by Elizabeth II]]
[[Category:Life peers created by Elizabeth II]]
[[Category:Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:National Council for Voluntary Organisations chief executives]]
[[Category:Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:People associated with De Montfort University]]
[[Category:People of the British Council]]
[[Category:Social Democratic Party (UK) politicians]]
[[Category:British women nonprofit executives]]
[[Category:British nonprofit executives]]
[[Category:20th-century Hindus]]
[[Category:21st-century Hindus]]

Punnapra Vayalar

2026-03-04T09:18:53Z

AnnettaCastanon: update structure after review

{{No plot|date=September 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2022}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Punnapra Vayalar
| image = Punnapra Vayalar.jpg
| caption =
| director = [[Kunchacko]]
| producer = M. Kunchacko
| writer = [[S. L. Puram Sadanandan]]
| screenplay =
| starring = [[Prem Nazir]] [[Kalaikkal Kumaran]] [[Sheela]] [[Adoor Bhasi]] [[P. J. Antony]]
| music = [[K. Raghavan]]
| cinematography =
| editing =
| studio = Excel Productions
| released = {{Film date|1968|07|12|df=y}}
| country = India
| language = Malayalam
}}

'''''Punnapra Vayalar''''' is a 1968 Indian [[Malayalam]]-language film, directed and produced by [[Kunchacko]]. It is based on the [[Punnapra-Vayalar uprising]]. The film stars [[Prem Nazir]], [[Sheela]], [[Adoor Bhasi]] and [[P. J. Antony]] in the lead roles. The film had musical score by [[K. Raghavan]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=പുന്നപ്രവയലാര്‍ (1968) |url=https://malayalasangeetham.info/m.php?4017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210724171847/https://www.malayalasangeetham.info/m.php?4017 |archive-date=24 July 2021 |access-date=13 September 2022 |website=malayalasangeetham.info |language=ml}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Vijayakumar |first=B. |date=30 April 2017 |title=Punnapra Vayalar: 1968 |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/punnapra-vayalar-1968/article18346031.ece |url-status=live |access-date=13 September 2022 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20180928060516/https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/punnapra-vayalar-1968/article18346031.ece |archive-date=28 September 2018}}</ref> The movie was based on [[Punnapra-Vayalar uprising]].

== Cast ==
{{colbegin}}
*[[Prem Nazir]] as Prabhakaran
*[[Sheela]] as Chelamma
*[[Adoor Bhasi]] as Gopalji
*[[P. J. Antony]] as Kochu Naanu
*[[Thikkurussi Sukumaran Nair]] as Maariyaveedan
*[[N. Govindankutty]] as Achuthan
*[[Sharada (actress)|Sharada]] as Malathi
*[[Bahadoor]] as Paappi Mooppan
*[[Kalaikkal Kumaran]] as Basheer
*[[Khadeeja (actress)|Khadeeja]] as Mariya
*[[Kottarakkara Sreedharan Nair]] as Neelakandan
*[[S. P. Pillai]] as Ouseph
*[[Ushakumari]] as Chinnamma
*Vanakkutty as Vaasu
*[[Kaduvakulam Antony]] as Velayudhan
*[[Adoor Pankajam]] as PK Vilasiniyamma
*[[Manavalan Joseph]] as Kandarkunju
*[[G. K. Pillai (actor)|G. K. Pilla]] as SI Rajan
*[[Pankajavalli]] as Prabhakaran's mother
{{colend}}

== Soundtrack ==
The music was composed by [[K. Raghavan]] and the lyrics were written by [[Vayalar Ramavarma]] and [[P. Bhaskaran]].

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! No. !! Song !! Singers !! Lyrics !! Length (m:ss)
|-
| 1 || "Angekkarayingekkara" || [[P. Susheela]] || [[Vayalar Ramavarma]] ||
|-
| 2 || "Angoru Naattilu" || [[Renuka]] || Vayalar Ramavarma ||
|-
| 3 || "Elelo" (Bit) || Chorus || [[P. Bhaskaran]] ||
|-
| 4 || "Enthinaanee Kaivilangukal" || [[P. Susheela]] || Vayalar Ramavarma ||
|-
| 5 || "Kanniyilam Kili" || [[P Susheela]] || Vayalar Ramavarma ||
|-
| 6 || "Sakhakkale Munnottu" || [[K. J. Yesudas]] || Vayalar Ramavarma ||
|-
| 7 || "Uyarum Njan Naadake" || K. J. Yesudas, Chorus || P. Bhaskaran ||
|-
| 8 || "Vayalaarinnoru" || M. Balamuralikrishna || P. Bhaskaran ||
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|0234541|Punnapra Vyalar}}

[[Category:1968 films]]
[[Category:1968 Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:Films shot in Alappuzha]]

Kanmadam

2026-03-03T21:17:32Z

AnnettaCastanon: further adjust formatting for accuracy and fixed typos

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Kanmadam
| image = Kanmadam 100 days poster.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Promotional poster
| director = [[A. K. Lohithadas]]
| producer = [[Mohanlal]]
| writer = A. K. Lohithadas
| starring = [[Mohanlal]] [[Manju Warrier]] [[Lal (actor)|Lal]]
| music = [[Raveendran]] {{small|(songs)}} [[S. P. Venkatesh]] {{small|(score)}}
| cinematography = [[Ramachandra Babu]]
| editing = [[A. Sreekar Prasad]]
| studio = [[Pranavam Arts International|Pranavams International]]
| distributor = Pranamam Pictures
| released = {{Film date|1998|4|14|df=y}}
| runtime = 162 minutes
| country = India
| language = Malayalam
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Kanmadam''''' ({{Translation|Viscous rock}}) is a 1998 Indian [[Malayalam]]-language [[drama film]], written and directed by [[A. K. Lohithadas]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/report/a-k-lohithadas-tribute-to-a-legend/20090629.htm|title=A K Lohithadas (1955–2009): Tribute to a legend|website=Rediff|access-date=2019-07-11}}</ref> It stars [[Mohanlal]], [[Manju Warrier]] and [[Lal (actor)|Lal]] while [[K. P. A. C. Lalitha]] and [[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]] appear in guest roles.<ref>{{Citation|title=Kanmadam Movie: Showtimes, Review, Trailer, Posters, News & Videos {{!}} eTimes|newspaper=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movie-details/kanmadam/movieshow/65512100.cms|access-date=2019-07-11}}</ref> The songs were composed by [[Raveendran]], while [[S. P. Venkatesh]] composed the background score, [[Ramachandra Babu]] was the cinematographer and [[A. Sreekar Prasad]] was the editor.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://onlookersmedia.in/latestnews/manju-warriers-role-odiyan-will-one-powerful-woman-characters-malayalam-cinema-shrikumar-menon/|title=Manju Warrier's role in Odiyan will be one of the most powerful woman characters in Malayalam cinema: Shrikumar Menon|last=Madhu|first=Vignesh|date=2018-01-14|website=onlookersmedia|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-11}}</ref> The film was produced and distributed by [[Pranavam Arts International|Pranavams International]]. Kanmadam was released on 14 April 1998 on [[Vishu]]. The film received critical acclaim and was a commercial success at the box office. It completed 100 days run in theatres.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/photo-features/actors-who-are-successful-producers/photostory/52092657.cms|title=Actors who are successful producers|website=The Times of India|access-date=2019-07-11}}</ref>

==Plot==
{{More plot|date=July 2019}}
A thug-turned-cab driver, Vishwanathan ([[Mohanlal]]), lives in Mumbai next to his friend Johnny ([[Lal (actor)|Lal]]), a pimp who sells unassuming women as prostitutes to a brothel. One day, while he and Johnny are driving in a cab, a man ([[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]]) enters the cab and holds Vishwan at gunpoint. While driving, Johnny and Vishwam manage to disarm him, however he dies following an accident. When Vishwam checks the dead man's belongings, he discovers stolen jewellery and letters from his sister Bhanu ([[Manju Warrier]]) revealing that his name is Damodaran and his family has debts in the village and are going to lose their belongings. He decides to leave for Kerala to help them.

Meanwhile, in Kerala, Bhanu is a short-tempered [[blacksmith]], being the sole breadwinner in her family that consists of her grandparents, an unmarried elder sister Suma with a child and a school-attending younger sister Raji. She is harassed by workers of the quarry led by Kumarettan whose tools she works on.

Vishwam arrives in Damu's village, visiting his house bringing gifts to the family. He tells the family he is a friend of Damodaran who has left for the Gulf and has tasked him to make arrangements for the family. Bhanu hears of his arrival, and being cautious of him as an unknown, tells him to leave with his presents which he does.

The next day, she is harassed again by Kumarettan and after a brief altercation Kumarettan grabs her by the arms following which she bites him in the neck. At night, Kumarettan harasses the family in front of her house which is witnessed by Vishwam.

The day after, Vishwam confronts Kumarettan at the quarry trying to persuade him to stop the abuse, following which a fight ensues where Vishwam gains the upper hand.

One day, the private debtors arrive wanting their money back stating the family had managed to pay back their bank loan. Vishwam reveals he paid it back, claiming Damu told him to do so. He also convinces the lenders to take 25,000 rupees as repayment from him in advance, getting the rest in 6 months.

At night, Bhanu confronts Vishwam telling him she knows he lied about being Damu's friend, asking him to tell the truth. He complies and Bhanu breaks down crying.

The next day, Vishwam leaves to visit his family, including his mother and stepfather. Here, it is revealed that Vishwam ran away from home after slashing his stepfather, paralysing him in the process. When he meets his family, his mother is initially overjoyed. Yet after the stepfather inquires about the visitor, she tells him to leave, saying that he is not her son. He returns to Damu's village meeting Johnny who has arrived there in search for him.

They both begin to work in the quarry and settling in the village in hopes of breaking the cycle of crime. When Johnny mentions Bhanu's attractiveness after seeing her bathe, Vishwam decides to let Bhanu know of his feelings. He waylays her the next day pretending to tell her and grabs her hands, putting a kiss on her lips following which they become lovers.

Vishwam and Johnny meanwhile clash because Vishwam fears that Johnny might retort to his old behaviour. Johnny wants to return to Mumbai.
Vishwam finds out his mother has died from the newspaper and leaves for his village. He reconciles with his stepfather and performs the funeral rites. When he returns, he is shocked to find out from the grandmother that Johnny had asked for Suma's hand. He objects to the marriage, however he doesn't give any reason.
When Johnny arrives with clothes for Suma, he is told by the family that Damu's consent is needed. He rages and when he finds out Vishwam has objected to the marriage, he leaves to confront Vishwam who tells him he won't let him marry Suma as he is not trustworthy. Following this, Johnny ends their friendship and joins hands with Kumarettan. They kidnap Raji and her lover in order to sell Raji. When Vishwam finds out, he beats Johnny up. When Johnny is hospitalised, Kumarettan gets the information about the brothel owner off Johnny. However, Johnny sends the quarry owner to Vishwam, telling him where the lovers are hidden. Vishwam attacks Kumarettan's group at the hideout and manages to free the lovers. After Johnny is discharged, he apologises to Damu's family and intends to leave, only for Vishwam to stop him and telling him he has to stay, resuming their friendship.

==Cast==
*[[Mohanlal]] as Vishwanathan
*[[Manju Warrier]] as Bhanu
*[[Lal (actor)|Lal]] as Johnny
*[[Mala Aravindan]] as Swami Velayudhan
*[[Sreejaya Nair|Sreejaya]] as Suma
*Dhanya Menon as Raji, Bhanu's younger sister
*[[Siddique (actor)|Siddique]] as Damodaran
*[[K. P. A. C. Lalitha]] as Yasodha Gopalakrishnan
*[[Cochin Hanifa]] as Shaji, a Police officer
*[[Antony Perumbavoor]] as Sandeep, Police Constable
*Vimal Raj as Kumaran
*Sarada Nair as Bhanu's grandmother<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/sarada-nair-best-known-for-playing-a-grandmother-in-mohanlals-kanmadam-dies-aged-92-8863021.html | title=Sarada Nair, best known for playing a grandmother in Mohanlal's Kanmadam, dies aged 92 | date=29 September 2020 }}</ref>
*[[Usharani]] as Raakkamma
* Srihari
* Gayathri
* Mahima as Geetha
* Ramya Salim

==Production==
===Casting===
[[Lal (actor)|Lal]] played Johnny. Lal, was in his early career and had difficulty playing his character and decided to abandon the role. Lohithadas persuaded him to continue. His performance received appreciation. For the role of Muthassi, they considered several actresses, but settled on Savithri Amma, who was not an actress. Cinematographer Ramachandra Babu recalls that she had "not seen a movie filming until then, but performed excellently. She enjoyed delivering natural dialogues. It can be seen in the film that she performed like an experienced artist in the scene where she cries remembering her grandson".<ref name="memoir">{{cite news|last=ബാബു|first=രാമചന്ദ്ര|title='കന്മദ'ത്തിന്റെ കാഴ്ചാനുഭവങ്ങള്‍|url=https://www.mathrubhumi.com/weekly/nostalgia/old-issues/kanmadham-movie-malayalam-news-1.1318278|access-date=13 July 2019|work=[[Mathrubhumi]]|language=ml}}</ref>

===Filming===
The film was shot in 55 days. Filming began in February 1998 two months before the scheduled release date. [[Palakkad]] in [[Kerala]] was the main location, while some scenes were shot in [[Chennai|Madras]] (now Chennai) in [[Tamil Nadu]] and [[Mumbai|Bombay]] (now Mumbai) in [[Maharashtra]]. The temperature was high during filming, which affected their work. Some of the crew suffered [[sun burn]]. Palakkad recorded the highest temperature in Kerala.<ref name="memoir" />

The screenplay was incomplete when filming began. Lohithadas wrote the scenes to be shot each day the same morning. Hence, filming often began late. [[Blessy]] served as an associate director to Lohithadas in the film. A major part of the film was shot in Kava, near [[Malampuzha Dam]] in Palakkad. Their location was a rocky area, it was difficult to set [[Track (rail transport)|track]]s for the camera trolley. They borrowed [[apple box]]es from [[Merryland Studio]] in [[Thiruvananthapuram]], originally used by Berta for the film ''[[Vanaprastham]]''. Bhanu's house in the film is situated on the top of a giant rock, her workplace {{ndash}} a [[forge]] [[Set construction|set]] was created beside it. A [[quarry]] in Palakkad was another filming location.<ref name="memoir" />

Due to the season, most regions were dry. It was difficult to find a beautiful place for filming the song sequences. Due to time constraints they selected a greener area inside the dried out Malampuzha reservoir. After wrapping the shoot, they went to Madras for [[post-production]]. The outdoor scenes including Mohanlal, Siddique, and Lal were shot in Bombay. They returned to Madras to shoot the remaining indoor scenes in the studio, with a few outdoor scenes. A set was created in Madras for the scene where the Bombay police assault Viswanathan inside the [[Prison cell|lock-up]]. [[film score|Film scoring]], editing and dubbing were ongoing at the same time at [[AVM Productions|AVM studio]]. The remaining song sequences were shot in the garden inside the studio.<ref name="memoir" /> They shifted to [[Thrissur]], Kerala for filming the scene where Viswanathan goes to see his stepfather. They were denied permission at the planned site and switched to another location by evening where they filmed until sunrise.<ref name="memoir" />

==Soundtrack==
The soundtrack consists of five songs composed by [[Raveendran]] and written by [[Gireesh Puthenchery]]. The [[film score]] was done by [[S. P. Venkatesh]]. Babu remembers that "many of the crew were not happy with the song "Manjakkiliyude" when it was first heard at the location from a recorded track sung by Raveendran. Because it did not suit the voice of Raveendran, but Yesudas with his voice made the song eternal".<ref name="memoir"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moviebuff.com/sp-venkatesh|title=SP Venkatesh on Moviebuff.com|website=Moviebuff.com|access-date=2019-07-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Raveendran: Kanmadam – Music on Google Play|url=https://play.google.com/store/music/album/Raveendran_Kanmadam?id=B3rnpejwpum6qb2fyp427nwtfwe|website=play.google.com|access-date=13 July 2019}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! Song !! Singers
|-
| "Doore Karalilurukumoru" || [[K. J. Yesudas]]
|-
| "Kaathoram Kannaaram" || [[Sudeep Kumar]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
| "Manjakkiliyude" || K. J. Yesudas
|-
| "Manjakkiliyude" || [[Radhika Thilak]]<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/Manjakiliyude-Moolipattu-stops-abruptly/articleshow/49043603.cms|title=Manjakiliyude Moolipattu stops abruptly – Times of India|website=The Times of India|language=en|access-date=2019-07-11|last1=Vijayakumar |first1=Sindhu }}</ref>
|-
| "Moovanthi Thazhvarayil" || K. J. Yesudas
|-
| "Thiruvaathira" || [[M. G. Sreekumar]], Radhika Thilak
|-
| "Thiruvaathira" || Sudeep Kumar, Radhika Thilak
|}

==Reception==
The film received critical acclaim and was also a commercial success at the box office.<ref name="memoir"/> It completed 100 days in two releasing theatres—Sangeetha (Ernakulam) and Sreekumar (Thiruvananthapuram), and had a three-week run in [[Bangalore]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Kanmadam 100 days poster|url=http://uploads.tapatalk-cdn.com/20170707/5e65203eab448cd219389608bfee8fa4.jpg|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190713124408/http://uploads.tapatalk-cdn.com/20170707/5e65203eab448cd219389608bfee8fa4.jpg|url-status=dead|archive-date=13 July 2019|publisher=Newspaper|access-date=13 July 2019}}</ref>

==Accolades==
[[Lal (actor)|Lal]] won the [[Kerala Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-17 |title=Film Critics Awards Complete List From 1977 Till 2012 |url=https://www.keralafilmcritics.com/2020/10/film-critics-awards-complete-list-from.html |website=Kerala Film Critics Association}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|0273306}}

{{Mohanlal}}
{{A. K. Lohithadas}}

[[Category:1998 films]]
[[Category:1998 drama films]]
[[Category:1998 Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:Pranavam Arts International films]]
[[Category:Films scored by Raveendran]]
[[Category:Films shot in Palakkad]]
[[Category:Films with screenplays by A. K. Lohithadas]]
[[Category:Films directed by A. K. Lohithadas]]

Avalukkenna Azhagiya Mugam

2026-03-03T03:11:16Z

AnnettaCastanon: Adding first stub v1.

{{No plot|date=February 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2024}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Avalukkenna Azhagiya Mugam
| image = Avalukkenna Azhagiya Mugam.jpg
| caption = Poster
| director = Kesavan
| producer = Kathiravan
| starring = {{plainlist|
*Poovarasan
*Anupama Prakash
*Vicky Adhithyan
*Siva
*Vijay Karthick
*Sathya
*Nivisha
*Rupashree
}}
| cinematography = V. Navaneethan
| editing = [[Gopi Krishna (film editor)|Gopi Krishna]]
| music = David Showrrn
| studio = Kathiravan Studios
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|2018|9|7}}
| country = India
| language = Tamil
}}
'''''Avalukkenna Azhagiya Mugam''''' ({{IPA|ta|aʋaɭukkenna aɻaɡija muɡam|pron}} {{Translation|What a beautiful face she has}}) is a 2018 Indian Tamil-language [[romantic comedy]] film directed by Kesavan and starring newcomers Poovarasan, Anupama Prakash, Vicky Adhithyan, Siva, Vijay Karthick, Sathya, Nivisha and Rupashree.

== Cast ==
{{Colbegin}}
*Poovarasan as Krishna
*Anupama Prakash as Kavya
*Vicky Adhithyan as Arivazhagan
*Siva as Sabari
*Vijay Karthick as Ragavan
*Sathya as Sunitha
*Nivisha
*Rupashree
*[[Yogi Babu]] as Arivu's friend
*Ravi Venkatraman as Kavya's father
*[[Powerstar Srinivasan]] as Power Paandi
*[[T. P. Gajendran]]
*[[Subbu Panchu]]
*[[Anu Mohan (Tamil actor)|Anu Mohan]]
*[[Pandu (actor)|Pandu]]
*[[Pondy Ravi]]
*[[Sampath Ram]]
*[[Nellai Siva]]
*Boys Rajan
*Indhu Ravi
*[[Vengal Rao]]
*Subbaraj
{{Colend}}

== Production ==
Director Kesavan previously worked as an assistant to [[Kathir]] and [[Kalanjiyam]]. The film's title is based on a song from ''[[Server Sundaram]]'' (1964).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sudha |first=K. |date=4 September 2018 |title='Avalukenna Azhagiya Mugam is a romcom with a message' |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/interviews/2018/sep/04/avalukenna-azhagiya-mugam-is-a-romcom-with-a-message-7728.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218012934/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/stories/interviews/2018/sep/04/avalukenna-azhagiya-mugam-is-a-romcom-with-a-message-7728.html |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=[[Cinema Express]]}}</ref> The film has four different romantic stories intertwined together.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Karthik |first=Janani |date=16 January 2017 |title=One film, four stories |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/one-film-four-stories/articleshow/46342902.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218012918/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movies/news/one-film-four-stories/articleshow/46342902.cms |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> The film was initially conceived as a short film and was almost done shooting in March of 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Srinivasan |first=Sudhir |date=14 March 2015 |title=A short film that wasn’t |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/a-short-film-that-wasnt/article6993689.ece |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218014651/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/a-short-film-that-wasnt/article6993689.ece |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>

== Reception ==
A critic from ''[[The Times of India]]'' wrote that "The movie, which is tipped as a romantic entertainer, doesn't offer anything which is required to impress the viewers".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Menon |first=Thinkal |date=7 September 2018 |title=Avalukkenna Azhagiya Mugam Movie Review |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/avalukkenna-azhagiya-mugam/movie-review/65728861.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218012916/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/movie-reviews/avalukkenna-azhagiya-mugam/movie-review/65728861.cms |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> A critic from ''[[The New Indian Express|Cinema Express]]'' wrote that "If not for the bad romance in this romcom, ''Avalukkenna Azhagiya Mugam'' may have been far better".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ramachandran |first=Avinash |date=7 September 2018 |title=Avalukenna Azhagiya Mugam Review: Some funny portions in this mediocre romcom |url=https://www.cinemaexpress.com/reviews/tamil/2018/sep/07/avalukenna-azhagiya-mugam-review-some-funny-portions-in-this-mediocre-romcom-7773.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218012921/https://www.cinemaexpress.com/reviews/tamil/2018/sep/07/avalukenna-azhagiya-mugam-review-some-funny-portions-in-this-mediocre-romcom-7773.html |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=[[Cinema Express]]}}</ref> A critic from ''[[The Times of India|Times of India Samayam]]'' positively reviewed several aspects of the film.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 September 2018 |title=அவளுக்கென்ன அழகிய முகம் |url=https://tamil.samayam.com/tamil-cinema/movie-review/avalukkenna-azhagiya-mugam-movie-review-rating-in-tamil/moviereview/65730565.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218012923/https://tamil.samayam.com/tamil-cinema/movie-review/avalukkenna-azhagiya-mugam-movie-review-rating-in-tamil/moviereview/65730565.cms |archive-date=18 February 2023 |access-date=18 February 2023 |website=[[Samayam]] |language=ta}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|tt10981032}}

[[Category:2018 Tamil-language films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:2018 romantic comedy films]]

Yoimongba

2026-02-26T19:09:26Z

AnnettaCastanon: Added A Details

{{Infobox royalty
| name = Yoimongba
| title = Meitei Prince
| image = Kakyen Mingamba - Tyrannical monstrous gigantic colossal cannibalistic bird - swallowing Meitei Elder Prince Yoimongba in front of Younger Prince Taothingmang - Classical Meitei mythology & folklore of ancient Kangleipak civilisation.jpg
| caption = Yoimongba being swallowed by the mythical bird, Kakyen, while Taothingmang is trying to shoot the bird.
| birth_place = [[Kangleipak]]
| death_place = [[Kangleipak]]
| full name = Ngangoi Yoimongba
| era name = [[Ancient Kangleipak]]
| era dates = 3rd century C.E
| house = [[Ningthouja dynasty]]
| father = [[Khuyoi Tompok]]
| occupation = Prince of Kangleipak
| religion = [[Sanamahism]]
}}
'''Yoimongba''' was a [[Meitei people|Meitei]] prince of the [[Ningthouja dynasty]] of [[Kangleipak]] (early [[Manipur]]). He is mentioned in the [[Toreirol Lambuba]] and the [[Tutenglon]], where he is seen with his younger brother [[Taothingmang]]. These classic writings narrate the experiences and journeys of the two siblings, detailing their travels, challenges, and the beginnings of naming of various places in Manipur.<ref name=":Manipuri Literature. India: Sahitya Akademi, 1996. p. 25, 26, 99, 100">Singh, Ch. Manihar. A History of Manipuri Literature. India: Sahitya Akademi, 1996. p. 25, 26, 99, 100</ref>

In 266 CE, he appointed several clan rulers of [[Luwang]], [[Khuman]], [[Angom]], and [[Moilang|Moirang]].{{Sfnp|Moyon, The Lost Kingdom of Moyon|2023|p=163, 313}}

== Family ==
Ngangoi Yoimongba was the eldest son of King [[Khuyoi Tompok]] of the [[Ningthouja dynasty]], and the elder brother of [[Taothingmang]] and Lairoklembi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Linthoi Chanu The Tales of Kanglei Throne Part 2 By L Memo |url=https://www.e-pao.net/epSubPageExtractor.asp?src=reviews.books.Linthoi_Chanu_The_Tales_of_Kanglei_Throne_Part_2_By_L_Memo |access-date=2025-11-09 |website=www.e-pao.net}}</ref> The mother of the three children was Queen Nongmainu Ahongbee.{{Sfnp|Tensuba, Genesis of Indian Tribes|1993|p=141}}

Taothingmang succeeded his father,{{Efn|There was no system of primogeniture in ancient Kangleipak.}} whereas Lairoklembi was married to the Chief of [[Mount Koubru|Koubru]].{{Sfnp|Ajit Meetei|2018|p=9}}

== Early deeds ==
Ngangoi Yoimongba secretly went out at night to find the nest of a massive bird called [[Kakyen]]. However, the bird quickly bore him off as if he were a small chicken. His younger brother, [[Taothingmang]], expert at net throwing, was close by and chased the bird.<ref name=":Manipuri Literature. India: Sahitya Akademi, 1996. p. 25, 26, 99, 100" />

== River-clearing mission ==
In the story, Yoimongba entrusted the Iril River to [[Taothingmang]], as it was easier to manage. The Iril had cleaner banks, fewer long grasses, and no large pieces of wood. Yoimongba himself took charge of the more difficult Imphal River.<ref name=":Manipuri Literature. India: Sahitya Akademi, 1996. p. 25, 26, 99, 100" />{{Sfnp|Tensuba, Genesis of Indian Tribes|1993|p=143}}

To maintain happiness while dredging the river, Yoimongba carried various chirping birds. Their happy noises motivated him to work quicker, and he quickly surpassed his younger brother. He subsequently arrived in [[Lilong (Thoubal)|Lilong]] and encountered Phunal Telheiba, who informed him that he is not allowed to dig a river on his land.<ref>Parratt, Saroj Nalini. The Court Chronicle of the Kings of Manipur: The Cheitharon Kumpapa, 2005. p. 25</ref><ref name=":Manipuri Literature. India: Sahitya Akademi, 1996. p. 25, 26, 99, 100" />{{Sfnp|Ajit Meetei|2018|p=9}}

Later, Yoimongba and Taothingmang met again at a place now called Iril Lilong. From there, they continued to work together.<ref name=":Manipuri Literature. India: Sahitya Akademi, 1996. p. 25, 26, 99, 100" />{{Sfnp|Tensuba, Genesis of Indian Tribes|1993|p=143}} The place where the Iril River and Imphal River met is called Iril Lilong.{{Sfnp|Ajit Meetei|2018|p=11}}

== Defeating the enormous bird ==
{{Main|Kakyen}}
While journeying south, they came upon a remote village that had roughly one hundred families living there. A senior woman from the locality told them that a large bird had been attacking the villagers. The being thrived on human carcasses and lived in a nearby cavity. Consequently, nobody left their homes. She warned that the princes could be consumed just like baby chicks in its hold.<ref name=":Manipuri Literature. India: Sahitya Akademi, 1996. p. 25, 26, 99, 100" />

The two siblings first tried to build a large nest to catch the bird. Nonetheless, the woman told them that this method would not work. They had to pray to [[Leimarel Sidabi]], the caring goddess, and ask for her sword and arrow.<ref name=":Manipuri Literature. India: Sahitya Akademi, 1996. p. 25, 26, 99, 100" />

These sacred weapons were overly powerful for ordinary people. In truth, they were so powerful that they split the boat carrying them apart. Under the goddess's direction, [[Taothingmang]] partook in intense religious practices and fasted for a month. Eventually, they were finally allowed to use the weapons.<ref name=":Manipuri Literature. India: Sahitya Akademi, 1996. p. 25, 26, 99, 100" />

== Battle with the bird ==
The brothers then traveled further south to find the bird’s hiding place. As they moved, the giant bird suddenly attacked and carried away Yoimongba.<ref name=":Manipuri Literature. India: Sahitya Akademi, 1996. p. 25, 26, 99, 100" />

In response, Taothingmang shot the bird with the divine arrow. The bird, wounded and with its wings broken, spun down to the ground. Then, Taothingmang killed it completely with the sword.<ref name=":Manipuri Literature. India: Sahitya Akademi, 1996. p. 25, 26, 99, 100" /> In the end, the settlement of the [[Lokkha-Haokha (ancient tribe)|Lokkha-Haokhas]] were subdued into the [[Meitei dynasty|Meitei polity]].{{Sfnp|Moyon, The Lost Kingdom of Moyon|2023|p=286}}{{Sfnp|Tensuba, Genesis of Indian Tribes|1993|p=205}}

== Notes ==
<references group="lower-alpha" responsive="1"></references>

== References ==
<references responsive="1"></references>

== Bibliography ==

* {{Cite book |last=Moyon |first=Rev Dr Koningthung Ngoru |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nn3jEAAAQBAJ |title=The Lost Kingdom of Moyon (Bujuur): Iruwng (King) Kuurkam Ngoruw Moyon & The People of Manipur |date=2023-11-16 |publisher=Shashwat Publication |isbn=978-81-19517-31-2 |language=en |ref={{SfnRef|Moyon, The Lost Kingdom of Moyon|2023}}}}
* {{Cite journal |last=Ajit Meetei |first=Hidam |date=January 2018 |title=The Iril River Valley, Manipur: A Historical Perspective |url=https://www.nairjc.com/assets/img/issue/Px7rmv_P1UvDB_e1EIi5_kYPwp1_161214.pdf |department=Department of History, Manipur University |journal=North Asian International Research Journal of Social Science and Humanities |volume=4 |issue=1}}
* {{Cite book |last=Tensuba |first=Keerti Chand |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GmZuAAAAMAAJ |title=Genesis of Indian Tribes: An Approach to the History of Meiteis and Thais |date=1993 |publisher=Inter-India Publications |isbn=978-81-210-0308-7 |language=en |ref={{SfnRef|Tensuba, Genesis of Indian Tribes|1993}}}}

== External links ==

* {{Cite book |last=Roy |first=L. Somi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XxovEAAAQBAJ |title=And That Is Why... Manipuri Myths Retold |date=2021-06-21 |publisher=Penguin Random House India Private Limited |isbn=978-93-91149-65-9 |language=en}}

[[Category:Ningthouja dynasty]]
[[Category:Meitei folklore]]

Dimasa Kingdom

2026-02-25T17:29:33Z

AnnettaCastanon: fix page after review and fixed typos

{{Short description|Kingdom in Northeast India}}
{{Infobox former country
| native_name =
| conventional_long_name = Dimasa Kingdom
| era = [[Medieval India]]
| status = Historical kingdom
| event_start =
| year_start = Unknown
| date_start =
| event1 =
| date_event1 =
| event_end = Annexed to British India
| year_end = 1832
| date_end =
| p1 = Kamarupa
| flag_p1 =
| p2 =
| flag_p2 =
| s1 = Colonial Assam
| flag_s1 = Flag_of_the_British_East_India_Company_(1801).svg
| image_flag =
| flag_type =
| image_map =
| image_map_caption =
| image_map2 = {{South Asia in 1500 CE|center||{{Annotation|235|102|[[File:Long Rectangle (plain).png|25px]]}}||none}}
| image_map2_caption = Location of Dimasa kingdom around 1500 CE
| capital = [[Dimapur]] [[Maibang]] Khaspur {{small|(near present-day [[Silchar]])}}
| common_languages = [[Dimasa language|Dimasa]]
| religion = [[Hinduism]] [[Folk religion]]/[[Animism]]
| government_type = Tribal [[hereditary monarchy]]
| title_leader =
| legislature =
| demonym =
| area_km2 =
| area_rank =
| GDP_PPP =
| GDP_PPP_year =
| HDI =
| HDI_year =
| today = [[India]] ([[Assam]], [[Nagaland]])
}}
{{Assam History}}
The '''Dimasa Kingdom'''<ref>"In the 13th century the Dimasa kingdom extended along the south bank of the Brahmputra, from Dikhou to Kallang and included the Dhansiri Valley and the North Cachar Hills, with its capital at [[Dimapur]]." {{harvcol|Bhattacharjee|1987|p=222}}</ref> also known as '''Kachari kingdom'''<ref>All the possibilities of the Kachari kingdom at Sadiya or some other places of Northeast India remain unproven theories until concrete evidence is provided. Therefore, as a term denoting this particular social group, I prefer Dimasa to Kachari in the following discussion.{{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=64}}</ref> was a late medieval/early modern kingdom in [[Assam]], [[Northeast India]] ruled by [[Dimasa people|Dimasa]] kings.<ref>{{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=61}}</ref><ref>"In the 13th century the Dimasa kingdom extended along the south bank of the Brahmputra, from Dikhou to Kallang and included the Dhansiri Valley and the North Cachar Hills."; "During 16th to 18th century AD they established a State of their own which covered modern South Assam (Barak Valley, parts of Assam Valley and intervening North Cachar Hills) and some parts of Nagaland and Manipur." {{harvcol|Bhattacharjee|1987|p=222}}</ref><ref>"Dimasa conceive of themselves as the rulers and subjects of the Dimasa kingdom." {{harvcol|Ramirez|2007|p=93}}</ref> The Dimasa kingdom and others ([[Kamata Kingdom|Kamata]], [[Chutiya Kingdom|Chutiya]]) that developed in the wake of the [[Kamarupa|Kamarupa kingdom]] were examples of new states that emerged from indigenous communities in [[History of Assam#Medieval Assam|medieval Assam]] as a result of socio-political transformations in these communities.<ref>"During the 13th-16th centuries, while these continued to represent the rule over older peasant settlements in western and central Assam, there emerged alongside them also new kingdoms from several tribal bases, then undergoing a process of politico-economic transformation. These kingdoms did not represent mere dynastic changes in an ongoing political sobiety. Rather, they were almost new state formations in a seemingly political vacuum. The Chutiya, Ahom, Dimasa, Jaintia and Koch states were such formations." {{harvcol|Guha|1983|p=10}}</ref> The British finally annexed the kingdom: the plains in 1832<ref>{{harvcol|Banerjee|1990|p=69}}</ref> and the hills in 1834.<ref>{{harvcol|Banerjee|1990|p=91}}</ref> This kingdom gave its name to [[undivided Cachar district]] of [[Assam Province|colonial Assam]]. And after independence the undivided Cachar district was split into three districts in Assam: [[Dima Hasao district]] (formerly ''North Cachar Hills''), [[Cachar district]], [[Hailakandi district]]. The [[Ahom language|Ahom]] [[Buranji]]s called this kingdom ''Timisa''.<ref>"Ahom chronicals attest the existence of "Timisa kings" (''khun-timisa'') who ruled over a large area of middle Assam, initially from Dimapur on the western foothills of present-day Nagaland." {{harvcol|Ramirez|2007|p=93}}</ref>

In the 18th century, a divine Hindu origin was constructed for the rulers of the Kachari kingdom and it was named [[Hidimba]], and the kings as Hidimbesvar.<ref>{{Harvcol|Chatterji|1951|pp=123–124}}</ref><ref>"An important change in the Dimasa political tradition occurred in the mideighteenth century, probably 1745, 1750 or 1755, when the centre of administration was moved from Maibang to Khaspur in the plains of Cachar.87 From this time onwards, the Dimasa rulers used the title ‘the Lord of Heḍamba’ in their ''own'' records." {{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=70}}</ref> The name Hiḍimbā continued to be used in the official records when the [[East India Company]] took over the administration of Cachar.<ref>{{Harvcol|Shin|2020|pp=69f}} "The name Hiḍimbā continued to be used in the official records when the East India Company took over the administration of Cachar. This is clear from a seal of the Superintendent of the District of Cachar of 1835. See Gait, Report on the Progress of Historical Research in Assam, p. 10.</ref>

==Origins==
The origin of the Dimasa Kingdom is not clear.<ref>{{Harvcol|Bhattacharjee|1992|pp=392–393}}</ref> According to tradition, the Dimasa had their domain in Kamarupa and their king belonged to a lineage called ''Ha-tsung-tsa'' or ''Ha-cheng-sa'',<ref>"(T)he Kacharis of North Cachar believe that they once ruled in Kamarupa and their royal family traced its descent from the Rajas of that country, from the line of ''Ha-tsung-tsa''." {{harvcol|Baruah|1986|pp=187–188}}</ref> a name first mentioned in a coin from 1520.<ref>"[the coin struck by Vīravijayanārāyaṇa, dated 1442 Śaka (1520 ad)] bears the legend describing the king as ‘a worshipper at the feet of the goddess Chandī and a subduer of the foes of Hāchengsā’."{{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=63}}</ref> Some of them had to leave due to a political turmoil and while crossing the [[Brahmaputra River|Brahmaputra]] some of them were swept away<ref>"The tradition current among the Dimasas of Cachar mention their kingdom in ancient Kamarupa and how during a political turmoil they had to cross the big river (Brahmaputra; ''Dilao'') and a large section of their people were washed away." {{harvcol|Bhattacharjee|1992|pp=392–393}}</ref>—therefore, they are called ''Dimasa'' ("Son-of-the-big-river"). The similarity in Dimasa traditions and religious beliefs with those of the [[Chutiya kingdom]] supports this tradition of initial unity and then divergence.<ref>"(That the Chutiyas and Sadiyal Kacharis were identical) is also supported by the similarities in traditions and religious beliefs associated with both the tribes." {{harvcol|Baruah|1986|p=187}}</ref> Linguistic studies too point to a close association between the [[Dimasa language]] and the [[Moran language]] that was alive till the beginning of the 20th-century, suggesting that the Dimasa people had an eastern Assam presence before the advent of the [[Ahom people|Ahom]]s.<ref>"(B)y demonstrating that these people spoke a Dimasa dialect, we also show that a large part of Upper Assam spoke ancient Dimasa." {{harvcol|Jaquesson|2017|p=108}}</ref> The eastern Assam origin of the Dimasas is further reinforced by the tradition of the tutelary goddess ''[[Kecaikhati]]'' whose primary shrine was around [[Sadiya]];<ref>"There is at [[Sadiya]] a shrine of ''Kechai Khaiti'', the tutelary deity of the Kacharis, which the Dimasa rulers continued to worship even after the establishment of their rule in Cachar." {{Harvcol|Bhattacharjee|1992|p=393}}</ref> the tribal goddess common to many [[Bodo-Kachari peoples|Kachari peoples]]:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/66509/5/05_chapter%201.pdf |title=Kechai Khati worshipped by Bodo-kacharis |access-date=2019-04-06 |archive-date=2021-10-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019223301/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/66509/5/05_chapter%201.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> as the [[Rabha people|Rabhas]], [[Moran people|Morans]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/67118/10/10_chapter%206.pdf |title=Rabhas worship Kechai-khati and celebrate the Kechai-khati festival once every year |access-date=2019-04-06 |archive-date=2021-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020014613/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/67118/10/10_chapter%206.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/116438/10/10_chapter%203.pdf |title=Kechai-khati festival of Rabhas |access-date=2019-04-06 |archive-date=2021-04-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419064130/https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/116438/10/10_chapter%203.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Tiwa (Lalung)|Tiwas]], [[Koch people|Koch]],<ref>The Tiwas, as well as the Koch, also worshipped Kechai Kati. The Koch general Gohain Kamal built temples dedicated to Kesai Khati in Khaspur for the Dehans who were Tiwa and Mech soldiers from Gobha, Nellie and Kabi.</ref> [[Chutia people|Chutias]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AWL1pa8TUFYC&dq=chutiyas+kesai+khati&pg=PA912 |title=Kechai-khati worship of Chutias |access-date=2023-04-10 |archive-date=2023-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408083827/https://books.google.com/books?id=AWL1pa8TUFYC&dq=chutiyas+kesai+khati&pg=PA912 |url-status=live }}</ref> etc.

According to legend ''Hachengsa'' (or ''Hasengcha'') was an extraordinary boy brought up by a tiger and a tigress in a forest near [[Dimapur]] who replaced the existing king following divine oracles; which likely indicates the emergence of a strong military leader able to consolidate power.<ref>{{harvcol|Shin|2020|pp=63–64}}</ref> Subsequently, the ''Hasengcha Sengfang'' (clan) emerged and beginning with Khorapha (1520 in Dimapur),<ref>" The very first example comes from the coin struck by Vīravijayanārāyaṇa, dated 1442 Śaka (1520 ad). It bears the legend describing the king as ‘a worshipper at the feet of the goddess Chandī and a subduer of the foes of Hāchengsā’. Vīravijayanārāyaṇa is a name apparently unrecorded in other sources, but Rhodes considers that it was probably the Sanskrit name adopted by Dimasa king Khorapha, who was killed during the Ahom invasion in 1526." {{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=63}}</ref> the Dimasa kings continued to draw lineage from Hachengcha in [[Maibong]] and Khaspur till the 19th century.<ref>{{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=64}}</ref>

Given different traditions and legends, the only reliable sources of the early history of the Dimasa kingdom is that given in the Buranjis, even though they are primarily narrations of wars between the Ahom and the Dimasa polities.<ref>"As Gait pointed out, the only trustworthy information regarding the early history of the Dimasas is contained in the Ahom chronicles, though the details are almost confined to a narrative of wars." {{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=62}}</ref>

===Early history===
The historical accounts of the Dimasas begin with mentions in [[Ahom kingdom|Ahom]] chronicles: according to an account in a [[Buranji]], the first [[Ahom kingdom|Ahom]] king [[Sukaphaa]] (r. 1228–1268) encountered a Kachari group in the [[Tirap district|Tirap]] region (currently in [[Arunachal Pradesh]]), who informed him that they along with their chief had to leave a place called Mohung (salt springs) losing it to the [[Naga people|Naga]]s and that they were settled near the [[Dikhow River|Dikhou river]]. This supports a tradition that the eastern boundary of the Kachari domain extended up to Mohong or Namdang river (near [[Joypur, Assam]]) beyond the river Dichang, before the arrival of Ahoms.<ref name="harvcol|Baruah|1986|p=188">{{harvcol|Baruah|1986|p=188}}</ref> Given the settlement was large, Sukaphaa decided not to engage with them before settling with the Barahi and Moran polities. During the reign of Sukaphaa's successor [[Suteuphaa]] ({{reign|1268|1281}}) the Ahoms negotiated with this group of the Dimasa, who had been in the region between Dikhou and Namdang for about three generations by then, and the Dimasa group moved to the west of the Dikhou river.<ref>"(P)robably in the reign of the second Ahom king Sutepha (1268–81), the outlying Dimasa settlements, east of the Dikhu river, withdrew before the advance of the Ahoms." {{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=62}}</ref><ref>{{harvcol|Phukan|1992|pp=56–57}}</ref> These isolated early accounts of the Dimasas suggest that they controlled the region between the Dikhu river in the east and the [[Kolong River|Kolong river]] in the west and included the Dhansiri valley and the north Cachar hills from the late 13th century.<ref>"[T]he only trustworthy information regarding the early history of the Dimasas is contained in the Ahom chronicles, though the details are almost confined to a narrative of wars. A reading from these records suggests that the sphere of Dimasa influence in the thirteenth century seemed to extend from the Dikhu river to the Kallang river and also include the Dhansiri valley and the north Cachar hills." {{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=62}}</ref><ref>{{harvcol|Bhattacharjee|1987|p=222}}</ref><ref>{{harvcol|Rhodes|1986|p=157}}</ref>

==At Dimapur==
The [[Ahom language]] [[Buranji]]s call the Dimasa kings ''khun timisa'', and place them initially in [[Dimapur]],<ref>"Ahom chronicles attest the existence of "Timisa kings" (''khun timisa''), who ruled over a large area of Middle Assam, initially from Dimapur on the Western foothills of present-day Nagaland. They were driven by the Ahom towards the south to their present habitat where in 1540 they founded the Hedamba kingdom." {{harvcol|Ramirez|2007|p=93}}</ref> where ''Timisa'' is a corruption of ''Dimasa''.<ref>"They were known to the Ahoms as Timisa, clearly a corruption of Dimasa." {{harvcol|Baruah|1986|p=187}}</ref> The Dimasa kingdom did not record their history, and much of the early information come from other sources. The Ahom Buranjis, for instance, record that in 1490 the Ahom king [[Suhenphaa]] (1488–93) created a forward post at Tangsu and when the Dimasas killed the commander and 120 men the Ahoms sued for peace by offering a princess to the Dimasa king along with other presents,<ref>"In 1490 during the reign of [[Suhenphaa]] (1488-93), there was a conflict with the Dimasa Kacharis, but the Ahoms sued for peace by offering a princess to the Kachari king." {{harvcol|Baruah|1986|p=227}}</ref><ref>"(I)t was not until about 1490 that specific conflicts between the Ahoms and the Kacharis are recorded. In that year an Ahom army, sent by King Suchangpha, was defeated on the banks of the river Dikhu. The Ahom king then offered a girl, two elephants and twelve slaves to the Kacharis, to induce them to make peace." {{harvcol|Rhodes|1986|p=157}}</ref><ref name="harvcol|Phukan|1992|p=57">{{harvcol|Phukan|1992|p=57}}</ref> but the name of the Dimasa king is not known. The Dimasas thus recovered the region east of the Dikhau river that it had lost in the late 13th century.<ref>"The Kacharis, who had ceded the tract east of the Dikhau river upto the Namdang during the reign of Suteupha was, had recovered their lost possessions at the end of the 15th century, when Suteupha (1488-95) was on the Ahom throne." {{harvcol|Baruah|1986|p=231}}</ref>

[[Ekasarana]] biographies of [[Sankardeva]] written after his death use the name ''Kachari'' for the Dimasa people and the kingdom<ref>Daityari mentions the aggressors were ''Kacharis''. Ramananda mentions ''Kachari'' or ''Kirata''. The Bordowa-carita and the Katha-Guru-Carit mention ''Kachari''. See the footnote at {{harvcol|Neog|1980|p=69f}}</ref> and record that around 1516 the [[Baro-Bhuyan]]s at Alipukhuri came into conflict with their Kachari neighbors which escalated into the Dimasa king preparing to attack them. This led Sankardeva and his group to abandon the region for good.<ref>"The few Kachari families, who lived on the outskirts of the Bhuyan lands, often let their cattle roam into the latter's crop and lay it in waste.
The Bhuyans invited the Kacharis to a feast as a subterfuge and killed a number of them.
The Kachari ruler heard of this and prepared to fight with the Bhuyans.
These chiefs approached Sankara for advice, and he asked them speedily to retreat to the north bank of the Brahmaputra." {{harvcol|Neog|1980|p=69}}</ref> One of the earliest mention of ''Kachari'' is found in the [[Bhagavat of Sankardev]] in the section composed during the later part of his life in the Koch kingdom where he uses it synonymously with ''[[Kirata]]''.<ref>Sankardev provides a list of people in Assam who were outside the pale of Hinduism at that time in Book II of his Bhagavad Purana. "In this list the terms ''Kuvaca'' and ''Mleca'' possibly point to the Koches and Mechs, while ''Kirata'' and ''Kachari'' are synonymous, and both together are meant to include the Kacharis and others of the Mongoloid group." {{harvcol|Neog|1980|pp=74–75}}</ref> Another early mention of the name ''Kachari'' comes from ''Kacharir Niyam'' (''Rules of the Kacharis''), composed during the reign of Tamradhwaj Narayan ({{reign|1697|1708?}}), when the Dimasa rulers were still ruling in Maibang.<ref>"One of the earliest references is found in the Kacharir Niyam or the Rule of Kacharis which is the codes of administration introduced by king Tamradhvajanārāyaṇa (1697–708?)." {{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=61}}</ref>

A coin dated 1520 commemorating a decisive victory over enemies is one of the earliest direct evidence of the historical kingdom.<ref>"In the absence of any Dimasa chronicles until the eighteenth century, coins and inscriptions constitute their early historical sources which provide important information about genealogical claims revealing a political process. The very first example comes from the coin struck by Vīravijayanārāyaṇa, dated 1442 Śaka (1520 ad)." {{harvcol|Shin|2020|pp=62–63}}</ref> Since no conflict with the Kacharis is mentioned in the Ahom Buranjis it is conjectured that the enemy could have been the nascent [[Koch kingdom]] of [[Biswa Singha]].<ref>"The Ahom military chronicles, but there is no record of any defeat by the Kacharis in 1520. However, as described above, the Cooch Beharis were consolidating and expanding their territory eastwards just at this time and these events are not well recorded in their chronicles, so that this first Kachari coin may commemorate a decisive victory that stopped Cooch Behar from expnading further to the east." {{harvcol|Rhodes|1986|p=158}}</ref> Though issued in a Sanksritised name of the king (Viravijay Narayan, identified with Khorapha) with the mention of a goddess ''[[Chandi]]'',<ref>"The legend on this coin reads: (Obv) ''Śrī Śrī Vī/ra Vijaya Nā/rāyana Chandī Charana Parā-/1442'' (Rev) ''-yana Hā/chengsā Śa/tru Mardana de/va 1424''." See Rhodes and Bose, A History of Dimasa Kacharis, p. 14. {{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=63f}}</ref> there is no mention of the King's lineage but a mention of Hachengsa, a [[Boro-Garo languages|Boro-Garo]] name indicated that an appropriate Kshatriya lineage had still not been created by 1520.<ref>"Even the king may not have acquired any appropriate kshatriya genealogy in the early sixteenth century. Hāchengsā, referred to as the ancestor of king Vīravijayanārāyaṇa in the coin, is unquestionably a Bodo name which is not found in Epic and Puranic traditions. {{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=63}}</ref> The first ''Hindu'' coin from the Brahmaputra valley, it followed the same weights and measures of the coins from the Muslim Sultans of Bengal and Tripura and indicate influence from them.<ref>"In any case this piece is the first coin known to have been struck by any of the Hindu rulers of Brahmaputra valley. Presumably, the Kacharis took the idea of coinage from the Muslim sultans of Bengal and the Hindu rulers of Tripura, and it is not surprising to find the same standard was used." {{harvcol|Rhodes|1986|p=158}}</ref>

This kingdom might have been part of ancient Sinitic networks such as the [[Ming dynasty]] (1368–1644).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mukherjee |first=Rila |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7xeqhnYtrKcC&pg=PA147 |title=Pelagic Passageways: The Northern Bay of Bengal Before Colonialism |date=2011 |publisher=Primus Books |isbn=978-93-80607-20-7 |pages=147 |language=en |author-link=Rila Mukherjee}}</ref>

===Fall of Dimapur===
Soon after absorbing the [[Chutia kingdom]] in 1523-24 [[Suhungmung]],<ref>{{harvcol|Baruah|1986|p=185}}</ref> the [[Ahom kingdom|Ahom]] king, decided to recover the territory the Ahoms had lost in 1490 to the Dimasa kingdom<ref name="harvcol|Baruah|1986|p=188"/> and sent his commander Kan-Seng in 1526 who advanced up to Marangi.<ref name="harvcol|Phukan|1992|p=57"/> The two kingdoms made peace and decided to maintain the Dhansiri river as the boundary.<ref>"(The Ahoms) adopted conciliatory approach and the Kacharis readily agreed...the Kacharis withdrew to the west of the Dhansiri and the Ahoms became the master of the territory between the Dikhow and the Dhansiri..." {{harvcol|Phukan|1992|p=57}}</ref><ref>{{harvcol|Bhattacharjee|1987b|p=178}}</ref> This peace did not hold and fighting broke out between an advancing Ahom force against a Kachari force arrayed along the Dhansiri—the Kacharis were successful initially, but they suffered a massive loss at Marangi, and again an uneasy stalemate prevailed.<ref name="harvcol|Phukan|1992|p=58">{{harvcol|Phukan|1992|p=58}}</ref> In 1531, the Ahoms went on the offence and Khorapha's brother Detcha lost his life attacking the newly erected Ahom fort at Marangi. Both the Ahom king and the commander then attacked the Nenguriya fort, and the Kachari king, with his brother, had to flee. The Ahoms force under Kan-Seng then reached Dimapur, following which Dersong, a son of the earlier king, approached Suhungmung at Nenguriya and submitted his claim to the Dimasa throne.<ref name="harvcol|Phukan|1992|p=58"/><ref>"Khunkhara fled with his son, and a prince called Detsung was installed as king in his place. The new king gave his sister in marriage to the Ahom king along with presents, including an elephant, 500 rolls of cloth, 1,000 napkins, 100 doolies, and Rs. 1,000 in cash." {{harvcol|Rhodes|1986|p=158}}</ref> The Ahoms thereafter claimed the Dimasa king as ''thapita-sanchita'' (established and preserved),<ref>"Suhummong proclaimed Detchung as the Raja of the Kacharis and advised him to be loyal to himself and his descendants. Henceforth, the Kachari kings were termed as ''thepita-sanchita'' (established and preserved)." {{harvcol|Phukan|1992|p=58}}</ref> and the Dimasa kingdom provided support to the Ahom kingdom when it was under the attack of Turbak in 1532/1533, a Turko-Afghan commander from Bengal.<ref>{{harvcol|Sarkar|1992b|p=139}}</ref>

But when Detchung (also called Dersongpha) tried to throw off the yoke Suhungmung advanced against Detchung captured and killed him, and then advanced on and occupied Dimapur in 1536. The Dimasas rulers thereafter abandoned Dimapur.<ref name="harvcol|Phukan|1992|p=58"/>

===Cultural affinities at Dimapur===
[[File:Monoliths,Kasomari_Pathar3.jpg|thumb|Monoliths at Kasomari, Golaghat, Assam, has strong similarity with the Dimapur monoliths]]
[[File:Kachari Ruins (a piece of history waiting to be explored).jpg|thumb|[[Ruins of Kachari Rajbari|Kachari ruins]] in Dimapur]]
The current ruins at Dimapur, the same city that Suhungmung occupied, include a long brick wall on three sides, with the Dhansiri river on the fourth with water tanks—indicating a city of considerable size.<ref>"The ruins of Dimapur, which include a brick wall of the aggregate length of nearly 2 miles and 2 tanks about 300 yards square, are indicative of a city of considerable size." {{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=63}}</ref> The existing gateway too was in brick and display the Islamic architectural style of Bengal.<ref>"The curved battlement of the gateway, as well as the ponted arch over the entrance, pointed distinctly to the Bengali style of Mohammadan architecture." (Description from Gait) {{harvcol|Bhattacharjee|1987|p=179}}</ref> The ruins include curious carved 12 feet tall pillars of sandstone with hemispherical tops and foliated carvings with representations of animals and birds but no humans that display no Hindu influence.<ref>{{harvcol|Bhattacharjee|1987|pp=179–180}}</ref> Despite the Sanskrit markings of the 1520 silver coin issued by Viravijay Narayan (Khorapha), the city lacked any sign of Brahminical influence, from the observations in 1536 as recorded in the Buranjis, as well as the colonial observations of 1874.<ref>"However, no clear trace of temples and images in the Dimapur ruins raises doubt about the scale and intensity of Brahmanisation in the early history of the Dimasas...But no Brahmanical temples or images are mentioned in this Buranji record, a silence which continues in the site description of 1874 as well." {{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=63}}</ref>

==At Maibang==
The fall of Dimapur in 1536 was followed by a 22-year period of [[interregnum]], and there is no mention of a king in the records. In either 1558 or 1559 a son of Detsung, Madanakumara, assumed the throne with the name Nirbhaya Narayana,<ref>{{harvcol|Rhodes|1986|p=158}}</ref> and established his capital at [[Maibang]] in the [[Dima Hasao district|North Cachar hills]].<ref>"Nirbhayanārāyaṇa (1559–63), the son of Dersongpha who led the Dimasas to Maibong, the new capital, located on the bank of the Mahur river in the north Cachar hills." {{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=64}}</ref> Not all the Kachari people accompanied the rulers from Dimapur to Maibong—and those who remained in the plains developed independently in language and customs.<ref>"As a result of numerous changes of habitation area due to their pursuit by the Ahoms, the Kacharis split up into a number of separate groups, which later on came to be considered as independent tribes. Thus some of the Kacharis became alienated from the raja and settled in the plains, so that, gradually, differences in language and customs sprang up between them and the Kacharis of the hills." {{harvcol|Maretina|2011|p=341}}</ref> In the hills around Maibong, the Dimasa rulers encountered already established [[Naga people|Naga]] and [[Kuki people|Kuki]] peoples, who accepted the Dimasa rule.<ref>"Independent local tribes, i.e., the Nagas and the Kukis, became subjected to the raja, taxes in whose favor were levied upon their households." {{harvcol|Maretina|2011|p=341}}</ref>

Khorapha, the earlier king, claimed in the coin issued earlier in 1520 from Dimapur that he had defeated the enemies of Hachengsa without specifying his relationship to him but Nirbhaya Narayana and his successors in Maibong for the next hundred years or so claimed in their coins that they belonged to the family of Hachensa;<ref>"The epithet, 'the one born to the Hāchengsā lineage', became a well-established tradition of Dimasa rulers for almost a hundred years, according to the legends of the coins issued by Meghanārāyaṇa (1566–83), Yaśonārāyaṇa (1583–601), Indrapratāpanārāyaṇa (1601–10), Naranārāyaṇa (1610–?), Darpabhīmanārāyaṇa (?–1637) and Vīradarpanārāyaṇa (1643–?); and the two stone inscriptions issued by Meghanārāyaṇa on the occasion of the erection of the gateway in Maibong in 1576." {{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=64}}</ref> thereby signalling a change in the mode of legitimacy from deed to birth.<ref>"The earlier legend, describing Vīravijayanārāyaṇa as the destroyer of enemies of Hāchengsā (hāchengsā-śatru-mardana-deva), emphasises a ruler’s successful military action, whereas the legend hāchengsā-vaṃśaja stresses his genealogy. The strategy for legitimising the authority of a king seems to have changed from deed to birth." {{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=64}}</ref> On the other hand Dimasa kings from Maibang are recorded as ''Lord of Heremba'' from the 16th century by those outside the Dimasa kingdom who practiced sedentary agriculture and who had already experienced Brahminism.<ref>"Keeping these aspects of their genealogical claims in mind, the title 'the Lord of Heḍamba' (heḍambādhipati) seemed to be first applied to the Dimasa kings by others, presumably the people living in the area where sedentary agriculture and Brahmanical expansion proceeded in earlier periods." {{harvcol|Shin|2020|p=66}}</ref><ref>"Though it is not known exactly when they came to earn this title, certainly by the sixteenth century, other people dwelling on plains called them the Lord of Heḍamba." {{harvcol|Shin|2020|pp=64–65}}</ref>

===Koch invasion===
After subjugating the [[Ahom kingdom|Ahom]]s in 1564, the [[Koch dynasty|Koch]] commander [[Chilarai]] advanced on Marangi, subjugated Dimarua and finally advanced on the Dimasa kingdom, then possibly under Durlabh Narayan or his predecessor Nirbhay Narayan and made it into a feudatory of the [[Koch kingdom]].<ref name="harvcol|Sarkar|1992|p=83">{{harvcol|Sarkar|1992|p=83}}</ref> This campaign realigned the relationships and rearranged the territorial controls among the political formations of the time. Dimarua, which was a feudatory of the Dimasa kingdom, was set up by Chilarai was a buffer against the [[Jaintia kingdom]].<ref>"After the successful Assam campaign in 1564 Nara Narayan and Chilarai first advanced via Morang (i.e. Marangi) to Demera (Dimarua). Its Raja Pantheshwar, a feudatory of the Kacharis, sought Koch protection from their oppressions or depredations, became a feudatory of Nara Narayan and was appointed warden of the marches in the south against Jaintia." {{harvcol|Sarkar|1992|p=83}}</ref> The hold of the Ahom kingdom, which was already subjugated, over the Dimasa kingdom weakened. Further, Chilarai defeated and killed the [[Twipra kingdom|Twipra]] king, and occupied the Cachar region from him and established Koch administration there at Brahmapur (Khaspur) under his brother Kamal Narayan<ref>"Chilarai made an administrative centre at Brahmapur, later known as Khaspur, in order to maintain diplomatic relations with the adjoining states and for the collection of tributes. Kamalnarayan, popularly known as Gosain Kamal...was appointed the governor of Kachar who was called the first ''Dewan Raja''. {{harvcol|Nath|1989|pp=60–61}}</ref>—this region was to form the core of the Dimasa rule in the 18th century. The size of the annual tribute— seventy thousand rupees, one thousand gold ''[[mohur]]s'' and sixty elephants<ref name="harvcol|Sarkar|1992|p=83"/>— testifies to the resourcefulness of the Kachari state.

A conflict with the [[Jaintia Kingdom]] over the region of Dimarua led to a battle, in which the Jaintias suffered defeat. After the death of Jaintia king Dhan Manik, Satrudaman the Dimasa king, installed Jasa Manik on the throne of [[Jaintia Kingdom]], who manipulated events to bring the Dimasa Kacharis into conflict with the Ahoms once again in 1618. Satrudaman, the most Dimasa powerful king, ruled over Dimarua in [[Nagaon district]], North Cachar, Dhansiri valley, plains of Cachar and parts of eastern [[Sylhet Division|Sylhet]]. After his conquest of Sylhet, he struck coins in his name.

By the reign of Birdarpan Narayan (reign around 1644), the Dimasa rule had withdrawn completely from the Dhansiri valley and it reverted to a jungle forming a barrier between the kingdom and the [[Ahom kingdom]].<ref>"By this time the Kacharis had completely withdrawn from the Dhansiri Valley, which had reverted into the jungle, forming a natural barrier between the Ahoms and the Kacharis. The Ahoms still, however, regarded the Kacharis as being a subsidiary nation." {{harvcol|Rhodes|1986|p=164}}</ref>

When a successor king, Tamradhwaj, declared independence, the Ahom king [[Rudra Singha]] deputed 2 of his generals to invade Maibong with over 71,000 troops, and destroyed its forts in 1706. Tamardhwaj fled to [[Jaintia Kingdom]] where he got treacherously imprisoned by the King of Jaintia Kingdom, after his imprisonment he sent messengers to the Assam king for help, in response [[Rudra Singha]] deputed his generals with over 43,000 troops to invade Jaintia kingdom. The Jaintia king was captured and taken to the court of [[Rudra Singha]] where the Jaintia king submitted and the territories of the Dimasa Kingdom and Jaintia kingdom got annexed to the [[Ahom kingdom]].<ref>"...but when the next king, Tamradhvaja, boldly proclaimed his independence, the Ahom King [[Rudra Singha]] invaded Kachar in December 1706. Tamradhvaja could offer little resistance, and Maibong was soon occupied and its fort demolished."{{harvcol|Rhodes|1986|p=165}}</ref>

===State structure===
Kacharis had three ruling clans (''semfongs''): Bodosa (an old historical clan), Thaosengsa (the clan to which the kings belonged), and Hasyungsa (to which the kings relatives belonged).<ref>"Those Kachari clans which were most closely connected with the raja and his entourage were the first to rise to dominant positions. They were the Bodosa, the most senior, known as the former ruling clan; the Thaosengsa, the clan to which the ruling dynasty belonged in the period for which data are available; the Hasyungsa, the clan of the king's relatives (Crace 1930)."{{Harvcol|Maretina|2011|p=343}}</ref>

The king at Maibang was assisted in his state duties by a council of ministers (''Patra'' and ''Bhandari''), led by a chief called ''Barbhandari''. These and other state offices were manned by people of the Dimasa group, who were not necessarily Hinduized. There were about 40 clans called ''Sengphong'' of the Dimasa people, each of which sent a representative to the royal assembly called ''Mel'', a powerful institution that could elect a king. The representatives sat in the ''Mel mandap'' (Council Hall) according to the status of the ''Sengphong'' and which provided a counterfoil to royal powers.

Over time, the ''Sengphongs'' developed a hierarchical structure with five royal ''Sengphongs'' though most of the kings belonged to the ''Hacengha'' (Hasnusa) clan. Some of the clans provided specialized services to the state ministers, ambassadors, storekeepers, court writers, and other bureaucrats and ultimately developed into professional groups, e.g. ''Songyasa'' (king's cooks), ''Nablaisa'' (fishermen).

By the 17th century, the Dimasa Kachari rule extended into the plains of Cachar. The plains people did not participate in the courts of the Dimasa Kachari king directly. They were organized according to ''khels'', and the king provided justice and collected revenue via an official called the ''Uzir''. Though the plains people did not participate in the Dimasa Kachari royal court, the Dharmadhi guru and other Brahmins in the court cast a considerable influence, especially with the beginning of the 18th century.

==At Khaspur==
[[File:Kachari Palace.JPG|thumb|Kachari palace ruins at Khaspur]]

In the medieval era, after the fall of Kamarupa kingdom the region of Khaspur was originally a part of the [[Twipra Kingdom|Tripura Kingdom]], which was taken over by Koch king [[Chilarai]] in the 16th century.<ref name="bhatta94begend">"The Khaspur state originated with Chilarai's invasion in 1562 AD and remained in existence till 1745 when it merged with the Dimasa state of Maibong." {{harvcol|Bhattacharjee|1994|p=71}}</ref> The region was ruled by a tributary ruler, Kamalnarayana, the brother of king Chilarai. Around 18th century Bhima Singha, the last Koch ruler of Khaspur, didn't have any male heir. His daughter, Kanchani, married Laxmichandra, the Dimasa prince of Maibang kingdom. And once the last Koch king Bhima Singha died the Dimasas migrated to Khaspur, thus merging the two kingdoms into one as Kachari kingdom under the king Gopichandranarayan, as the control of the Khaspur kingdom went to the ruler of the Maibong kingdom as inheritance from the royal marriage and established their capital in Khaspur, near present-day [[Silchar]]. The independent rule of the Khaspur's Koch rulers ended in 1745 when it merged with the Kachari kingdom.<ref name="bhatta94begend" /> Khaspur is a corrupted form of the word Kochpur.<ref>E.A. Gait (ed), Census of India, 1891, Vol. 1 (Assam), Shillong, 1892, p. 235.</ref> Gopichandranarayan (r. 1745–1757), Harichandra (r. 1757–1772) and Laxmichandra (r. 1772–1773) were brothers and ruled the kingdom in succession. In 1790, a formal act of conversion took place and Gopichandranarayan and his brother Laxmichandranarayan were proclaimed to be Hindus of the Kshatriya caste.<ref>{{harvcol|Cantile|1980|p=228}}</ref>

During the reign of Krishnachandra (1790–1813), a number of [[Moamaria]]s rebels took shelter in the Cachar state. The Ahoms blamed the Dimasa for providing refuge to the rebels and this led to a number of small skirmishes between the Ahoms and the Dimasas from 1803 to 1805.<ref name="harvcol|Nag|2018|p=18">{{harvcol|Nag|2018|p=18}}</ref>

The [[Manipur (princely state)|King of Manipur]] sought the help of Krishna Chandra Dwaja Narayan Hasnu Kachari against the [[Konbaung dynasty|Burmese Army]]. The King Krishna Chandra defeated Burmese in the war and in lieu was offered the Manipuri Princess Induprabha.<ref name="harvcol|Nag|2018|p=18"/> As he was already married to Rani Chandraprabha, he asked the princess to be married to his younger brother Govinda Chandra Hasnu.{{citation needed|date=October 2021}}

===Sanskritization===
The fictitious but widely believed legend that was constructed by the Hindu Brahmins at Khaspur goes as follows:<ref>"Thus it is clear that this is an invented tradition by the Brahman pundits in the later stage of the monarchy in the Cachar plains. Although this is fictitious, people within the community strongly believe in this story of their ancestry." {{harvcol|Bathari|2014|pp=17–18}}</ref> During their exile, the [[Pandava]]s came to the Kachari Kingdom where [[Bhima]] fell in love with [[Hidimbi]] (sister of [[Hidimba]]). Bhima married princess Hidimbi according to the [[Gandharva marriage|Gandharva system]] and a son was born to princess Hidimbi, named Ghatotkacha. He ruled the Kachari Kingdom for many decades. Thereafter, kings of his lineage ruled over the vast land of the "''Dilao''" river (which translates to "long river" in English), now known as [[Brahmaputra River]] for centuries until 4th century AD.

==British occupation==
The Dimasa Kachari kingdom came under [[Burmese invasion of Assam|Burmese occupation]] in the late early 19th-century along with the [[Ahom kingdom]]. The last king, Govinda Chandra Hasnu, was restored by the British after the [[Treaty of Yandabo|Yandabo Treaty]] in 1826, but he was unable to subjugate Senapati Tularam who ruled the hilly regions. Senapati Tularam Dimasa domain was [[Mahur, Assam|Mahur]] River and the [[Naga Hills]] in the south, the [[Doyang]] River on the west, the [[Dhansiri]] River on the east and Jamuna and [[Doyang]] in the north. In 1830, Govinda Chandra Hasnu died. In 1832, Senapoti Tularam Thaosen was pensioned off and his region was annexed by the British to ultimately become the North Cachar district; and in 1833, Govinda Chandra's domain was also annexed to become the Cachar district.<ref>{{harv|Bose|1985|p=14}}</ref>

==After Raja Govinda Chandra==
{{Main article|Colonial Assam}}
In The British annexed the Dimasa Kachari Kingdom under the [[doctrine of lapse]]. At the time of British annexation, the kingdom consisted of parts of [[Nagaon district|Nagaon]] and [[Karbi Anglong district|Karbi Anglong]]; North Cachar (Dima Hasao), [[Cachar district|Cachar]] and the [[Jiribam|Jiri]] frontier of [[Manipur]].

==Rulers==
{| class="wikitable"
|+ The Kings of Dimasa kingdom<ref>{{harvcol|Rhodes|1986|p=167}}</ref>
! Capital
! King
! Date of Accession
! Reign in Progress
! End of reign
|-
! rowspan="6" |[[Dimapur]]
| Mahamanipha
|
|
|
|-
| Manipha
|
|
|
|-
| Ladapha
|
|
|
|-
| Khorapha (Viravijay Narayana?)
|
|1520?
|1526
|-
| Khuntara
|1526
|
|1531
|-
| Detsung/Dersung
|1531
|
|1536
|-
| ''Interregnum?''
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="17" | [[Maibong]]
| Nirbhay Narayan
| 1558?
| 1559
|
|-
| Durlabh Narayan
|
|
|
|-
| Megha Narayan
| 1568
| 1578
| 1583?
|-
| Yasho Narayan (Satrudaman)
| 1583?
|
| 1601
|-
| Indrapratap Narayan
| 1601
| 1610
|
|-
| Nar Narayan
|
|
|
|-
| Bhimdarpa Narayan
|
| 1618?
|
|-
| Indraballabh Narayan
| 1628
|
| 1644?
|-
| Birdarpa Narayan
| 1644?
|
| 1681
|-
| Garurdhwaj Narayan
| 1681
|
| 1695
|-
| Makardhwaj Narayan
| 1695
|
|
|-
| Udayaditya
|
|
|
|-
| Tamradhwaj Narayan
|
| 1706
| 1708
|-
| Suradarpa Narayan
| 1708
|
|
|-
| Harischandra Narayan -1
|
| 1721
|
|-
| Kirtichandra Narayan
|
| 1736
|
|-
| Sandikhari Narayan alias Ram Chandra
|
| 1736
|
|-
! rowspan="7" |Khaspur
| Harischandra-2
|
| 1771
|
|-
| Lakshmichandra Narayan
| 1772
|
|
|-
| Krishnachandra Narayan
|
| 1790
| 1813
|-
| Govindachandra Narayan
| 1814
|
| 1819
|-

|-
| Govindachandra Narayan
| 1824
|
| 1830
|-
| ''British Annexation''
|
| 1832
|
|}

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
{{refbegin}}
* {{citation |last=Nag |first=Sajal |chapter=Devour thy Neighbour: Foreign Invasions and the Decline of States in Eighteenth Century North East India |editor=Tejimala Gurung |title=The Falling Polities: Crisis and Decline of States in North-East India in the Eighteenth Century |publisher=DVS Publishers |year=2018 |isbn=9789385839122 |chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/38831733/Burmese_invasion |via=academia.edu}}
* {{cite thesis|type=Ph.D.|last=Cantile|first=Audrey|title=CASTE AND SECT IN AN ASSAMESE VILLAGE|publisher=University of London|year=1980}}
* {{Citation| last=Banerjee| first=A C| contribution = Reform and Reorganization: 1932-3| year = 1990| title = The Comprehensive History of Assam| editor-last = Barpujari| editor-first = H K| volume = IV| pages = 44–76| place = Guwahati| publisher = Publication Board, Assam}}
* {{citation |type=book |last=Baruah |first=S L |title=A Comprehensive History of Assam |publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers |place=New Delhi |year=1986}}
* {{cite thesis |type=Ph.D. |first=Uttam |last=Bathari |title=Memory History and polity a study of dimasa identity in colonial past and post colonial present |publisher=Gauhati University |year=2014|hdl=10603/115353 }}
* {{Citation |last=Bhattacharjee |first=J B |year=1994 |contribution=Pre-colonial Political Structure of Barak Valley |editor-last=Sangma |editor-first=Milton S |title=Essays on North-east India: Presented in Memory of Professor V. Venkata Rao |publisher=Indus Publishing Company |place=New Delhi |pages=61–85}}
* {{Citation |last=Bhattacharjee |first=J. B. |contribution=The Kachari (Dimasa) state formation |editor-last=Barpujari |editor-first=H. K. |title=The Comprehensive History of Assam |volume=2 |pages=391–397 |publisher=Assam Publication Board |place=Guwahati |year=1992}}
* {{citation |last=Bhattacharjee |first=J. B. |contribution=Dimasa State Formation in Cachar |editor-last=Sinha |editor-first=Surajit |title=Tribal Polities in State Systems in Pre-colonial Eastern and North Eastern India |pages=177–212 |publisher=K P Bagchi and Company |place=Calcutta |year=1987b}}
* {{Cite journal| last = Bhattacharjee| first=J B| title = The Economic Content of the Medieval State Formation Processes among the Dimasas of North East India | journal= Proceedings of the Indian History Congress| volume=48 | year=1987| pages= 222–225| jstor=44141683|issn=2249-1937}}
* {{Citation |last=Bose |first=Manilal |title=Development of Administration in Assam| publisher=Concept Publishing Company| year=1985|place=Assam}}
* {{Citation| last=Dutta| first=Hamendra Nath| title = V-Shaped Columns at Kachari Monolithic Rajbari Site in Dimapur, Nagaland: Their Architectural and Social Reflections| year = 2019| journal = Maria Wunderlich, Tiatoshi Jamir, Johannes Müller (eds.), Hierarchy and Balance: The Role of Monumentality in European and Indian Landscapes| volume= 4| pages = 145–150| place = Bonn| publisher = |doi=10.12766/jna.2019S.10}}
* {{Citation|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.32096/page/n153|last=Chatterji|first=S. K.|contribution=The Hidimba (Dima-sa) people|title=Kirata-Janakrti|pages=122–126|publisher=The Asiatic Society|year=1951}}
* {{Citation| last = Guha| first = Amalendu| title = The Ahom Political System: An Enquiry into the State Formation Process in Medieval Assam (1228-1714)| journal = Social Scientist| volume = 11| pages = 3–34| date = December 1983| doi = 10.2307/3516963| issue = 12| jstor = 3516963| url = http://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/handle/123456789/3259| access-date = 2020-02-25| archive-date = 2023-07-06| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230706211727/https://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/handle/20.500.12413/3259| url-status = live}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Jaquesson |first1=François |translator-last=van Breugel |translator-first= Seino |year=2017 |title=The linguistic reconstruction of the past The case of the Boro-Garo languages |journal=Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=90–122 |doi=10.1075/ltba.40.1.04van }}
* {{Citation |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7NWpuaPqKxYC&pg=PA339 |last=Maretina |first=Sofia A. |contribution=The Kachari state: The character of early state-like formations in hill districts of Northeast India |editor-last=Claessen |editor-first=Henri J. M. |title=The Early State |volume=32 |pages=339–359 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |year=2011 |isbn=9783110813326 }}
* {{Citation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ECxUOSudNGYC|last=Nath|first=D.|title=History of the Koch Kingdom, C. 1515-1615|publisher=Mittal Publications|year=1989|isbn=8170991099|access-date=2023-05-25|archive-date=2023-05-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230503105404/https://books.google.com/books?id=ECxUOSudNGYC|url-status=live}}
* {{Citation |last=Neog |first=M |contribution= |editor-last= |editor-first= |title=Early History of the Vaisnava Faith and Movement in Assam |volume= |pages= |publisher=Motilal Banarasidass |place=Delhi |year=1980}}
* {{Citation |last=Phukan |first=J. N. |contribution=Chapter III The Tai-Ahom Power in Assam |editor-last=Barpujari |editor-first=H. K. |title=The Comprehensive History of Assam |volume=II |pages=49–60 |publisher=Assam Publication Board |place=Guwahati |year=1992}}
* {{citation |last=Ramirez |first=Philippe |year=2007 |chapter=Politico-ritual variations on the Assamese fringes: Do social systems exist? |pages=91–107 |title=Social Dynamics in the Highlands of Southeast Asia Reconsidering Political Systems of Highland Burma |editor-first=Mandy |editor-last=Sadan |editor-first2=François |editor-last2=Robinne. |place=Boston |publisher=Brill}}
* {{Cite journal| last = Rhodes| first=N G| title = The Coinage of Kachar| journal= The Numismatic Chronicle| volume=146 | year=1986| pages= 155–177| jstor=42667461|issn=0078-2696}}
* {{Citation |last=Sarkar |first=J. N. |contribution=Early Rulers of Koch Bihar |editor-last=Barpujari |editor-first=H. K. |title=The Comprehensive History of Assam |volume=2 |pages=69–89 |publisher=Assam Publication Board |place=Guwahati |year=1992}}
* {{Citation |last=Sarkar |first=J. N. |contribution=Assam and her pre-Mughal Invaders |editor-last=Barpujari |editor-first=H. K. |title=The Comprehensive History of Assam |volume=2 |pages=127–142 |publisher=Assam Publication Board |place=Guwahati |year=1992b}}
* {{cite journal|last1=Shin|first1=Jae-Eun|year=2020|title=Descending from demons, ascending to kshatriyas: Genealogical claims and political process in pre-modern Northeast India, The Chutiyas and the Dimasas|journal=The Indian Economic and Social History Review|volume=57|issue=1|pages=49–75|doi=10.1177/0019464619894134|s2cid=213213265}}
{{refend}}

{{Assam}}

[[Category:Kingdoms of Assam]]
[[Category:13th-century establishments in India]]
[[Category:18th-century disestablishments in India]]
[[Category:States and territories disestablished in 1832]]

Karnataka Public School

2026-02-21T02:00:22Z

AnnettaCastanon: Added a stub initial version.

{{Orphan|date=July 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox school
| name = Karnataka Public School
| native_name =
| image = File:Karnataka-public-school-kikkeri.jpg
| image_size =
| motto =
| established =
| authority = Department of Education, [[Government of Karnataka]]
| school_board =
| website = {{URL|https://ssk.karnataka.gov.in/Home/ProgrammesKPS}}
}}

The '''Karnataka Public School''' is a system of [[Government of Karnataka]] schools in [[India]] that are instituted under the aegis of the [[List of education ministries|Department of Education]], [[Government of Karnataka]]. {{As of|2021|5}}, it has a total of 276 schools in [[Karnataka]]. These schools have both English medium and Kannada medium. They have classes from Lower KG to 12. The facilities at such schools have smart classes, interactive blackboards, sufficient teachers, and a good number of classrooms.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/when-one-kps-comes-up-two-old-govt-schools-shut-down/article28079635.ece|title='When one KPS comes up, two old govt. schools shut down'|first=Karnataka|last=Bureau|newspaper=The Hindu|date=20 June 2019|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>

==History==
The Department of Education has primary, secondary, secondary, and undergraduate levels. With each level, the number of students enrolling to the next level was declining. To avoid this, the Karnataka Public Schools (KPS) were started to facilitate learning in the premises of a single educational institute from 1st standard to undergraduate level. These schools were converted from existing pre-university colleges into public schools.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.prajavani.net/stories/stateregional/276-karnataka-public-school-604482.html|title=276 ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ ಪಬ್ಲಿಕ್ ಶಾಲೆ ಆರಂಭ|date=4 January 2019|website=Prajavani}}</ref> The government set up 176 schools in 2018–19 and another 100 in 2019–20.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/short-on-cash-karnataka-govt-to-put-public-schools-project-on-hold/articleshow/80779191.cms|title=Short on cash, Karnataka govt to put public schools project on hold | Bengaluru News – Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=10 February 2021 }}</ref>

==Management==
The principal of the existing pre-university college shall be the administrative and academic head of the school. The Principal will be assisted by the headmaster of the existing secondary school, who shall be designated as vice-principal of the school.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://ssk.karnataka.gov.in/Home/ProgrammesKPS| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210727124514/https://ssk.karnataka.gov.in/Home/ProgrammesKPS| archive-date = 2021-07-27| title = SSK {{!}} GOK}}</ref> These schools had separate organizational rules and guidelines and were based on the [[Kendriya Vidyalaya]] model.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/1000-karnataka-public-schools-to-have-english-medium-sections/article26240990.ece|title=1,000 Karnataka Public Schools to have English-medium sections|first=Tanu|last=Kulkarni|newspaper=The Hindu|date=11 February 2019|via=www.thehindu.com}}</ref>

==Schools==
===Mandya===
NTT Course - 8747826136
* KPS Devalapura
* KPS Kikkeri
* KPS Besagarall
* KPS Halaguru
* KPS Basaralu
* KPS Chinakurali
* KPS Arkere
* KPS K.R.Pet
* KPS Guthal Colony Arakeswara Nagara
<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ssk.karnataka.gov.in/Content/Documents/276KPSList2.pdf |title=276 Karnataka Public Schools |access-date=27 July 2021 |archive-date=27 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727130010if_/https://ssk.karnataka.gov.in/Content/Documents/276KPSList2.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==

{{School education in India}}
{{Portal bar|India|Education|School}}

[[Category:School types]]
[[Category:Education policy in India]]

Radhika Ranjan Gupta

2026-02-19T14:04:41Z

AnnettaCastanon: typo fix

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Radhika Ranjan Gupta
| image =
| caption = Radhika Ranjan Gupta
| birth_date =
| birth_place =
| residence =T.G. Road, Agartala.
| death_date =
| death_place =Agartala
| office = 4th [[List of Chief Ministers of Tripura|Chief Minister of Tripura]]
| term_start =26 July 1977
| term_end =4 November 1977
| predecessor = [[Prafulla Kumar Das]]
| successor = [[President's rule]]
| constituency =Fatikroy
| office1 =
|term_start1 =
|term_end1 =
| predecessor1 =
| successor1 =
| party = [[Janata Party]]
| website =
| footnotes =
| date =
| year =
| source =
}}'''Radhika Ranjan Gupta''' (died 15 May 1998) was an Indian politician. He was Chief Minister of [[Tripura]] in [[India]] from 26 July 1977 to 4 November 1977. At that time the socio-international situation was unfavourable. On 26 July 1977, he, as the leader of a short-lived coalition between the [[Janata Party]] and the left, became the fourth Chief Minister of the state.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/STATISTICAL/tripura.html | title=Tripura Legislative Assembly | publisher=legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in | accessdate=23 May 2016 | url-status=dead | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232359/http://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/STATISTICAL/tripura.html | archivedate=3 March 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.mapsofindia.com/tripura/chief-ministers.html | title=List of Chief Ministers (CM) of Tripura | publisher=mapsofindia.com | accessdate=23 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://tripuraassembly.nic.in/assembly%20since%201963.pdf | title=Tripura Assembly | publisher=Tripura Assembly | accessdate=23 May 2016}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Chief Ministers of Tripura}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gupta, Radhika Ranjan}}
[[Category:1998 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing]]
[[Category:Chief ministers of Tripura]]
[[Category:Tripura MLAs 1977–1983]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Tripura]]
[[Category:Janata Party politicians]]
[[Category:Chief ministers from Janata Party]]

{{Tripura-INC-politician-stub}}

Lists of Hindi films

2026-02-17T08:15:08Z

AnnettaCastanon: refined section

{{Short description|none}}
{{more citations needed|date=October 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2016}}

This is the list of films produced by the [[Indian cinema|Indian]] [[Hindi cinema|Hindi-language film industry]], popularly known as ''Bollywood,'' based in [[Mumbai]], ordered by year and decade of release. Although "Bollywood" films are generally listed under the [[Hindi language]], most are in [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]] and in [[Hindi]] with partial [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Urdu]] and occasionally other languages. Bollywood films can achieve national distribution across at least 22 of India's 29 states.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2015/08/02/indias-baahubali-blasts-past-500-crore-78-million-worldwide/|title=India's 'Baahubali' Blasts Past 500 Crore / $78 Million Worldwide|website=[[Forbes]] }}</ref>

Speakers of Bengali, Hindi, Bhojpuri, Punjabi, and Urdu understand the mixed language usage of Bollywood thus extending the viewership to people all over the [[Indian subcontinent]] (throughout India and its neighboring countries).{{cn|date=February 2026}}

[[File:AlamAraStill.jpg|thumb|''[[Alam Ara (1931 film)|Alam Ara]]'' (1931), the first Indian sound film, directed by Ardeshir Irani, Sumant Mishra]]

==1910s==
*[[List of Hindi films of 1913]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1914]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1915]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1916]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1917]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1918]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1919]]

==1920s==
*[[List of Hindi films of 1920]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1921]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1922]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1923]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1924]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1925]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1926]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1927]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1928]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1929]]

==1930s==
*[[List of Hindi films of 1930]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1931]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1932]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1933]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1934]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1935]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1936]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1937]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1938]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1939]]

== 1940s ==
*[[List of Hindi films of 1940]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1941]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1942]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1943]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1944]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1945]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1946]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1947]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1948]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1949]]

==1950s==
*[[List of Hindi films of 1950]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1951]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1952]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1953]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1954]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1955]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1956]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1957]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1958]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1959]]

==1960s==
*[[List of Hindi films of 1960]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1961]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1962]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1963]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1964]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1965]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1966]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1967]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1968]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1969]]

==1970s==
*[[List of Hindi films of 1970]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1971]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1972]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1973]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1974]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1975]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1976]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1977]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1978]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1979]]

==1980s==
*[[List of Hindi films of 1980]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1981]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1982]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1983]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1984]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1985]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1986]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1987]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1988]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1989]]

==1990s==
*[[List of Hindi films of 1990]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1991]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1992]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1993]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1994]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1995]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1996]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1997]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1998]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 1999]]

==2000s==
*[[List of Hindi films of 2000]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2001]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2002]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2003]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2004]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2005]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2006]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2007]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2008]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2009]]

==2010s==
*[[List of Hindi films of 2010]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2011]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2012]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2013]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2014]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2015]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2016]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2017]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2018]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2019]]

==2020s==
*[[List of Hindi films of 2020]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2021]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2022]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2023]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2024]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2025]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2026]]
*[[List of Hindi films of 2027]]

==See also==
* [[Cinema of India]]
* [[List of highest-grossing Indian films]]
** [[List of highest-grossing Hindi films]]
* [[Bibliography of Hindi cinema]]


==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Indian film list}}
{{Film lists by country}}
{{list of lists|film}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bollywood films}}
[[Category:Lists of films by language|Hindi]]
[[Category:Hindi-language films|*]]

Bestavaripeta bus station

2026-02-04T18:27:37Z

AnnettaCastanon: Adding basic stub v1.

{{Short description|Bus station in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh}}
{{more citations needed|date=September 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2019}}
{{Infobox station
| name = Bestavaripeta bus station
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| symbol_location =
| symbol =
| type =
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| address = [[Bestavaripeta]], [[Markapuram district]], [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| borough =
| country =
| coordinates = {{coord|15.5496|79.1020|display=title,inline}}
| owned = [[Government of India]]
| operator = [[Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation|APSRTC]]
| bus_stands =
| bus_operators =
| bus_routes =
| connections =
| structure = Standard (On ground)
| parking = No
| bicycle =
| accessible =
| code =
| zone =
| website =
| opened = 
| closed = 
| passengers =
| pass_year =
| pass_rank =
}}
'''Bestavaripeta bus station''' is a [[bus station]] in [[Bestavaripeta]] of the [[Indian state]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]]. It is owned and operated by [[Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation]]. Buses from [[Markapur]], [[Giddalur]], [[Ongole]], [[Vijayawada]], [[Nandyal]] and [[Guntur]] halts here.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/Mystery-behind-murder-resolved-theft-cases-cracked/article16877147.ece|title=Mystery behind murder resolved; theft cases cracked|work=The Hindu |date=16 December 2016 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Bus stations in Andhra Pradesh}}

[[Category:Bus stations in Andhra Pradesh]]

{{India-struct-stub}}

Rakesh Maria

2026-01-29T17:15:07Z

AnnettaCastanon: added references

{{Short description|Former Indian police officer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2015}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Rakesh Maria
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption = Rakesh Maria
| office = 38th [[Police Commissioner of Mumbai]]
| order =
| president =
| term_start = 15 February 2014
| term_end = 8 September 2015
| predecessor = [[Satya Pal Singh (Uttar Pradesh politician)|Satyapal Singh]]
| successor = [[Ahmed Javed]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1957|01|19}}
| birth_place = [[Mumbai]], India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| party =
| spouse = Preeti Maria
| children = 2
| residence =
| alma_mater = [[St. Andrew's High School, Mumbai]] [[St. Xavier's College, Mumbai]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theweek.in/theweek/cover/life-of-rakesh-maria.html|title=The many Marias|website=theweek.in}}</ref>
| occupation = Law Enforcement
| awards = [[File:IND President's Police Medal for Distinguished Service.svg|30px]] [[President's Police Medal]] for Distinguished Service. [[File:IND Police Medal for Meritorious Service.png|30px]] Police Medal for Meritorious Service. [[File:IND 50th Anniversary Independence medal.svg|30px]] 50th Anniversary Independence Medal.
| serviceyears = [[Maharashtra Police]] (1981-1993) [[Mumbai Police]] (1993-2017)
| rank = [[File:Director General of Police.png|25px]] [[Director general of police]]
}}

'''Rakesh Maria''' (born 19 January 1957) is a former [[Indian Police Service|Indian Police]] Officer. He last served as the Director General of [[Home Guard (India)|Home Guard]]. Before that he served as the [[Police Commissioner of Mumbai]].<ref name=pc />

==Early life and education==
Maria was born in Punjabi family to Vijay Madia (the surname got distorted to Maria) who resided in [[Bandra]], [[Mumbai]]. His father a well-known name in film circles was the founder of Kala Niketan, a banner under which he made films such as [[Kaajal]], [[Preetam]], [[Neel Kamal (1968 film)|Neel Kamal]], among others as a top [[Hindi cinema|Bollywood]] financier and producer.<ref name="uppercrustindia">{{cite web|title=Sharp, Subtle, Savvy, Suave|url=http://www.uppercrustindia.com/posts/961/Rakesh-Maria.html|website=uppercrustindia.com|publisher=webroute-solutions|accessdate=11 September 2015}}</ref><ref name="The Passion of Rakesh Maria">{{cite news|title=The Passion of Rakesh Maria|url=http://www.verveonline.com/86/people/rakesh.shtml|accessdate=29 August 2012|newspaper=Verve Magazine|volume=18 |issue=6 |date=June 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130307124957/http://www.verveonline.com/86/people/rakesh.shtml|url-status=live|archivedate=7 March 2013}}</ref> Maria had also represented his state [[Maharashtra]] in [[Karate]] at the [[National Games of India|National Games]] in 1979.<ref name="lokmat"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/cheat-sheet/maria-cheatsheet-1215666|title=What Top Cop Rakesh Maria is Famous For (Hint: It's Not The Sheena Bora Case)|website=NDTV.com}}</ref>

Maria graduated from [[St. Xavier's College, Mumbai|St. Xavier’s College]] in [[Mumbai]]. He passed the [[Union Public Service Commission]] (UPSC) exams to join the [[Indian Police Service]] (IPS) cadre.<ref>{{cite web|title=Rakesh Maria: Chasing Terrorists And Listening Ghazals ,Qawwalis|url=http://bhindibazaar.asia/rakesh-maria-chasing-terrorists-and-listening-ghazals-qawwalis/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131221040834/http://bhindibazaar.asia/rakesh-maria-chasing-terrorists-and-listening-ghazals-qawwalis/|url-status=usurped|archive-date=21 December 2013|website=bhindibazaar.asia|accessdate=11 September 2015}}</ref>

== Career ==
Maria belongs to the 1981 batch of the [[Indian Police Service]]. His first posting was as an [[Assistant superintendent|assistant superintendent of police]] in [[Akola]] and then in [[Buldhana]] districts of Maharashtra.

Maria was transferred to [[Mumbai]] in 1986 and became the [[Deputy commissioner of police (India)|Deputy Commissioner Police (Traffic)]] in 1993.<ref name="express" /> He was appointed the Commissioner of [[Mumbai Police]] on 15 February 2014.<ref name="pc">{{cite web|title=Senior IPS Rakesh Maria is the new Mumbai Police Commissioner|url=http://news.biharprabha.com/2014/02/senior-ips-rakesh-maria-is-the-new-mumbai-police-commissioner/|work=IANS|publisher=news.biharprabha.com|accessdate=16 February 2014}}</ref> In 2015, he was promoted as the Director General of [[Home Guard (India)|Home Guards]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Ahmed Javed takes over as new Mumbai CP; Rakesh Maria promoted as DG of Home Guards|url= http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-ahmed-javed-takes-over-as-new-mumbai-cp-rakesh-maria-promoted-as-dg-of-home-guards-2123146|website=dnaindia.com|publisher=Daily News & Analysis|accessdate=11 October 2015}}</ref>

Maria retired on 31 January 2017, after 36 years of service.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/maharashtra-top-cop-rakesh-maria-retires-says-will-pen-memoirs-1654768|title=Maharashtra Top Cop Rakesh Maria Retires, Says Will Pen Memoirs|website=NDTV.com}}</ref>

=== Anti-terror work ===
As the [[Superintendent of police (India)|Deputy Commissioner Police]] (Traffic) in 1993, he solved the [[1993 Bombay bombings|Bombay serial blasts case]], and later moved to DCP (Crime) and then [[Joint Commissioner of Police|Joint Commissioner of Police (Crime)]] of the [[Mumbai Police]].<ref name="express"/>

Maria solved the [[2003 Gateway of India and Zaveri Bazaar twin blasts]] case, arresting six people, including a couple for planting the explosive devices inside taxis.<ref name="express">{{cite web|url=http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=241272|title=Rakesh Maria is new Joint CP (Crime)|work=[[Indian Express]]|publisher=[[Express Group]]|accessdate=6 December 2008}}{{dead link|date=February 2023|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref name="Rakesh Maria: terror buster No 1">{{cite news|title=Rakesh Maria: terror buster No 1|url=http://www.sakaaltimes.com/20100325/4949818434818756019.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130301035031/http://www.sakaaltimes.com/20100325/4949818434818756019.htm|url-status=usurped|archive-date=1 March 2013|accessdate=25 September 2012|newspaper=Sakaal Times|date=25 March 2010}}</ref> The investigation was successful. The accused, Ashrat Ansari, Haneef Sayyed and his wife Fahmeeda were convicted and sentenced to death in August 2009 by a special [[Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2002|POTA]] court in Mumbai.<ref name="Taxi driver helped in cracking 2003 blast case: Maria">{{cite news|title=Taxi driver helped in cracking 2003 blast case: Maria|url=http://zeenews.india.com/news/states/taxi-driver-helped-in-cracking-2003-blast-case-maria_553393.html|accessdate=25 September 2012|newspaper=Zee News|date=6 August 2009}}</ref> Later, the death sentence was upheld by [[Bombay High Court]] in February 2012.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://dailypioneer.com/nation/41727-hc-upholds-death-for-let-men-in-twin-blasts-case.html | title=HC upholds death for LeT men in twin blasts case | date=10 February 2012 | accessdate=10 February 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article2879449.ece | title=Death sentence upheld in Mumbai blasts case | date=10 February 2012 | accessdate=10 February 2012}}</ref>

===26/11 Mumbai attacks investigation===
Maria was given the responsibility of investigating the [[26/11 Mumbai attacks]] of 2008. He interrogated [[Ajmal Kasab]],<ref name="Rakesh Maria: terror buster No 1"/> the only terrorist captured alive,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/convergence/ndtv/mumbaiterrorstrike/Story.aspx?ID=NEWEN20080076384&type=News|title=Saluting a braveheart, the man who helped capture Qasab}}</ref> and successfully investigated the case. Kasab was executed by hanging in 2012.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ajmal Kasab hanged|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/other-states/ajmal-kasab-hanged/article4118491.ece |accessdate=21 November 2012| newspaper=The Hindu| date=21 November 2012}}</ref> In his 2020 memoir ''Let Me Say It Now'', elaborating on the Hindu Terror conspiracy, Maria wrote,

<blockquote>If all had gone well, he [Ajmal Kasab, the only one of the ten terrorists to be caught alive] would have been dead with a red string tied around his wrist like a Hindu. We would have found an identity card on this person with fictitious name Samir Dinesh Choudhari, student of Arunoday Degree and P.G College.</blockquote>
He claimed that it ruined the plans of Pakistan of proclaiming the Mumbai Terror Attack as a Hindu conspiracy.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/news-analysis/story/rakesh-maria-ajmal-kasab-26-11-mumbai-attack-hindu-terror-controversy-1648312-2020-02-20|title=Rakesh Maria, Ajmal Kasab and 'Hindu' terror: Much ado about nothing|author=Sahil Joshi |date=February 20, 2020 |magazine=India Today}}</ref>

==Controversies ==
=== Ashok Kamte's death ===
Vinita Kamte, the wife of slain IPS officer [[Ashok Kamte]] who was killed by terrorists during the [[2008 Mumbai attacks|26/11 Mumbai terror attacks]], lashed out at Maria due to his appointment as [[Police Commissioner of Mumbai|Mumbai Police Commissioner]]. She had earlier alleged discrepancies in crucial call records of wireless conversations between the police control room and [[Ashok Kamte]]'s van on the day of his death. Earlier in 2009 she had questioned Maria's claims that he did not direct [[Ashok Kamte]] to the [[Cama Hospital]] where he died. Rakesh Maria had been in charge of the police control room at the time of the carnage in November 2008.<ref name="lokmat"/><ref name="ibnlive.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/india/rakesh-maria-rowshawan-phono-668978.html|title=News, Latest News, Breaking News, News Headlines, Live News, Today News CNN-News18 English|website=News18}}</ref>

Maria felt defenseless against such an emotional issue. The [[Government of Maharashtra]] was initially reluctant to defend Maria, an officer with a formidable reputation, not wanting to hurt the sentiments of a martyr’s wife. He just said that the facts would absolve him. "You don't defend him, and you don't let him defend himself!" commented a [[Mumbai Crime Branch]] senior. Thrice he appeared before and had replied to all these allegations in detail before the [[Ram Pradhan Inquiry Commission|Pradhan Committee]]. He was confident of his facts and told that Vinita Kamte had been selective in quoting.

Mumbai Police Officers later told that Kamte most possibly expressed her emotional outbursts and anger by writing the book. She might have got solace by attacking Maria, but it had also damaged the police force. The highly sensitive [[Police control room|Police Control Room]] logbook came in public purview, just because of an [[Right to Information Act|RTI]]. The [[Ram Pradhan Inquiry Commission|Ram Pradhan Committee]] was too critical on the role of the then [[Police Commissioner of Mumbai|Commissioner of Police]] [[Hasan Gafoor]] and said that he had flouted the Standard Operating Practice by saddling Joint Commissioner Rakesh Maria with the charge of the [[Police control room]].<ref name="ibnlive.com"/>

=== Moral Policing ===

On 6 August 2015, [[Malvan region|Malwani]] police in [[Mumbai]], raided hotels and guest houses near [[Aksa Beach]] and [[Madh Island]] and detained about 40 couples. Despite most of them being consenting couples in private rooms, they were charged under Section 110 (Indecent behaviour in public) of the Bombay Police Act and fined {{INRConvert|1200}}.<ref name=Malwani2015>{{cite news|title=Mumbai: Couples picked up from hotel rooms, charged with 'public indecency'|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/mumbai-couples-picked-up-from-hotel-rooms-charged-with-public-indecency/16437186|accessdate=10 August 2015|work=[[Mid-Day]]|date=8 August 2015}}</ref> Only three cases were filed under [[Prostitution in India#Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act|Prevention of Immoral Traffic Act]]. Following protests, criticism and pressure, Maria ordered a thorough inquiry into the raids.<ref name=ProbeOrdered>{{cite news|title=Mumbai Police Hotel Raid: Commissioner Rakesh Maria orders probe into alleged moral policing|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-mumbai-police-hotel-raid-commissioner-rakesh-maria-orders-probe-into-alleged-moral-policing-2112723|accessdate=10 August 2015|work=[[DNA India]]|date=9 August 2015}}</ref> Following an investigation, Maria passed an order to all police officers not to use the Section 110 of the Bombay Police Act, 1951 which is an offense of Public Indecency to harass citizens and moral police them.<ref>{{Cite web|url= https://zeenews.india.com/news/maharashtra/end-to-moral-policing-in-mumbai-cops-wont-use-section-110-of-bombay-police-act-anymore_1826173.html|title= End to 'moral policing' in Mumbai: Cops won't use Section 110 of Bombay Police Act anymore}}</ref>

== Personal life ==
Maria is married to Preeti and the couple have two sons, Kunal and Krish.<ref name="uppercrustindia"/>

== Publications ==
*{{cite book |last1=Maria |first1=Rakesh |title=Let me say it now |date=2020 |publisher=Amazon Westland |location=Chennai |oclc=1156076794 |isbn=9789389152067 |url=https://twitter.com/westlandbooks/status/1235890369423949824 |language=en}}<ref name="lokmat">{{cite news |last1=Bagwan |first1=Asif |title=काही (निवडक) बोलायाचे आहे… |url=https://www.loksatta.com/athour-mapia-news/let-me-say-it-now-author-rakesh-maria-book-review-abn-97-2446532/ |access-date=17 April 2021 |work=[[Loksatta]] |date=17 April 2021 |language=mr-IN}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/rakesh-maria-mumbai-police-commissioner-transfer-sheena-bora-murder-case-new-book-revelations-1647368-2020-02-17|title=Mumbai supercop Rakesh Maria spills the beans on Sheena Bora murder|last=Shaikh|first=Mustafa|date=17 February 2020|website=India Today|language=en|access-date=2020-02-18}}</ref>

== In popular culture ==
*In the film ''[[Black Friday (2007 film)|Black Friday]]'', actor [[Kay Kay Menon]] played the role of Maria.<ref name="telegraph">{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050126/asp/calcutta/story_4297254.asp|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130203133319/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050126/asp/calcutta/story_4297254.asp|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 February 2013|title=Escapist cinema will always be there|last=Gupta |first=Pratim D. |date=26 January 2005|work=[[The Telegraph (Kolkata)|The Telegraph]]|accessdate=6 December 2008}}</ref> In the film's timeline (after 1993 Bomb Blasts), Rakesh Maria was the Deputy Commissioner of Police, and in charge of the investigation.
*The character Ajay Lal in [[Suketu Mehta]]'s nonfiction work [[Maximum City]] is based on Maria.
*[[Nana Patekar]] played the role of Maria in [[Ram Gopal Varma]] film ''[[The Attacks of 26/11]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.koimoi.com/bollywood-news/ramu-and-nana-reunite-after-10-years/|title=Ramu and Nana reunite after 10 years|date=13 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mid-day.com/entertainment/2012/sep/140912-Nana-Patekar-essays-Rakesh-Maria-in-RGVs-26-11-films.htm |title=Mumbai reports 1,011 new Covid-19 cases, 2 deaths; active tally at 5,852 |publisher=Mid-day.com |date= |accessdate=2022-08-19}}</ref> In this film, Maria was portrayed as a Senior officer during 2008 Mumbai attacks.
*In the movie, ''[[A Wednesday!]]'', directed by [[Neeraj Pandey]]. [[Anupam Kher]]'s character was inspired by Maria.
*In the Netflix series "[[Scoop (Indian TV series)|Scoop]]", the character Ramesh Mallik is based on Maria.
*In the Netflix Series "The Indrani Mukerjea Story: Buried Truth", Maria appears as a part of news documentaries.

In January 2024, popular director [[Rohit Shetty]] announced to make a biopic movie based on Maria from 1985 to 2008 showcasing his policing highlights.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/rohit-shettys-biopic-on-rakesh-maria-casting-challenges-and-upcoming-cop-universe-movie/articleshow/107038482.cms?from=mdr|title= Rohit Shetty on Rakesh Maria’s biopic: The cast hasn’t been locked yet}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{S-start}}
{{s-civ|pol}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Satya Pal Singh (Uttar Pradesh politician)|Satya Pal Singh]]}}
{{s-ttl|title= [[Police Commissioner of Mumbai]]|years=2014 - 2015}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Ahmed Javed]]}}
{{S-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Maria, Rakesh}}
[[Category:1957 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Police officers from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Indian Police Service officers]]

Pune–Nashik rail line

2026-01-29T16:31:28Z

AnnettaCastanon: Created a post

{{Short description|Railway line in India}}
{{more footnotes needed|date=May 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2023}}
{{Infobox rail line
| box_width =
| name = Pune–Nasik railway line
| color =
| logo =
| logo_width =
| logo_alt =
| image =
| image_width =
| image_alt =
| caption =
| type =
| system =
| status = * Survey{{spaced ndash}}done
* Feasibility Report{{spaced ndash}}Done
* Submission to Planning Commission for appraisal{{spaced ndash}}Done
* Approval by Planning Commission{{spaced ndash}}Yes
* Land Acquisition{{spaced ndash}}Started
* Construction{{spaced ndash}}No
| locale = [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]
| start = {{rws|Pune}}
| end = {{rws|Nasik Road}}
| stations = 20 (proposed)
| routes =
| linelength_km = 231
| linelength_mi =
| linelength =
| tracklength_km = 231
| tracklength_mi =
| tracklength =
| tracks =
| gauge = {{RailGauge|1676mm|lk=on}}
| old_gauge =
| load_gauge =
| elevation_m =
| elevation_ft =
| elevation =
| website = https://www.maharail.com/project-pune_nashik.php
| planopen = 2029
| map =
| map_state = collapsed
}}

The '''Pune–Nasik railway line''' is a proposed [[Higher-speed rail|higher speed railway]] between the cities of [[Pune]] and [[Nashik]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sengupta |first1=Joy |title=Pune-Nashik rail line survey to end soon - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/pune-nashik-rail-line-survey-to-end-soon/articleshow/57418854.cms |work=The Times of India |date=2 March 2017}}</ref> The project will allow trains to cover the 235.5 km route in around two hours at speeds of up to 200 km/h, including future-proofing for 250 km/h.<ref>{{Cite web|title=MAHARAIL - Maharashtra Rail Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited|url=http://www.maharail.com/project-pune_nashik.php|access-date=2020-06-23|website=www.maharail.com}}</ref>

Once completed this will link two of the most important industrial cities of India and thus will complete Maharashtra's industrial triangle (Mumbai, Pune and Nashik) link by rail. This will also benefit growth of trade and commerce in both cities and also will help growth of rural industries on the route. This link will also benefit some spiritual destinations like [[Bhimashankar Temple|Bhimashankar Jyotirlinga]], [[Vigneshwara Temple, Ozar|Vighneshwara Temple]] at Ojhar (part of the [[Ashtavinayaka]]) and [[Lenyadri]] and Pabal Jain temple. The new industrial zone at [[Chakan, Pune|Chakan]], [[Rajgurunagar]] and [[Sinnar]] area will get a rail connectivity by this project.<ref>[http://www.dnaindia.com/pune/report-railways-gives-go-ahead-to-pune-nashik-route-1810955 Railways gives go-ahead to Pune-Nashik route]</ref> for this railway line recently notice for land acquisition in khed tahsil has been published by khed subdivision officer namely vikrant chavan and fixed limitations of 15 days to raise objection regarding rate and other issues

It will be funded from a mixture of stat government and private investor money.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pune - Nashik Semi High Speed Rail – Information, Route Map, Fares, Tenders & Updates|url=https://themetrorailguy.com/pune-nashik-maharail-semi-high-speed-rail-information-route-map-fares-timings-tenders-status-updates/|access-date=2020-06-23|website=The Metro Rail Guy|language=en-US}}</ref>

==Route==

;Old Plan
The total length of this route initially was 265 km out of which 34 km between {{rws|Pune Junction}} and {{rws|Talegaon}} is already existing and 32 km between {{rws|Nasik Road}} and [[Sinnar|Sinnar (Gulwanch)]] was under land acquiring process. The Nasik road to Sinnar/Gulwanch section requires land from ten villages [[Eklahare]], Hinganwedhe and Jakori in [[Nashik district|Nashik]], Jogaltembi, Nayangaon, Dashwandi, Patpimri, Baragaon Pimpri and Gulwanch in [[Sinnar taluka]] and Pimpalgaon-Nipani in [[Niphad]] Taluka.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nashik/MIDC-plans-to-acquire-land-for-Sinnar-Eklahare-railway-line-project-by-Jan/articleshow/24772221.cms MIDC plans to acquire land for Sinnar-Eklahare railway line project by Jan]</ref> Due to the length of route this plan was scrapped. (265 km by rail compared to 202 km by road between Pune and Nashik road)

;New plan
However this route was revised and now will be 231 km instead of old 265 km. The new route will divert from {{rws|Manjari Budruk}} (11 km from Pune Junction) instead of old diversion from [[Talegaon Dabhade|Talegaon]]. There will be total of 24 stations out of which 8 are major and 16 minor. The route will also include 18 tunnels. As of 2023, the project is on hold due to several issues, including shortage of funds. There will be major stations at [[Chakan, Pune|Chakan]], [[Rajgurunagar]], [[Manchar]], [[Narayangaon]], Ale Phata, [[Sangamner]], [[Sinnar]] and Satpur. This will be a double track project supporting speed of 200 - 250 kph. Operation speed will be restricted to 140 km/h and is expected to reduce journey time to 2 hours.

;Third Plan
According new plan by Maharashtra Deputy CM [[Devendra Fadnavis]] new alignment will go via Shirdi. This will benefit pilgrims from Pune and Nashik going to Shirdi. This plan will increase distance of 235 km by 30 km to 265 km. <ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nashik/nashik-pune-rail-route-now-via-shirdi-dy-cm/articleshow/107593956.cms Nashik-Pune rail route now via Shirdi: Dy CM]</ref>

==Rolling stock==

The depot for the rolling stock of the new line will be at {{rws|Nasik Road}}, and will be operated by 10 [[electric multiple unit]] trainsets. These multiple units will each be 6 coaches long, will have the capacity for 450 passengers, and will be fully electric, running on [[25 kV AC railway electrification|25kV AC]] supplied by [[overhead line|overhead cable]]. Eight runs daily between Pune and Nashik will be scheduled for each consist. The line's signalling will be [[ETCS Level 2]] [[cab signalling]], likely with a lineside backup. Cab signalling will allow for trains to operate at higher speeds than conventional signalling permits, due to info about the line being transmitted directly into the train cab, rather than relying on lineside signals to determine whether the line is clear or not, which train drivers can struggle to interpret at speed.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-finally-central-railway-to-carry-out-survey-for-new-pune-nashik-line-2164701 Finally, Central Railway to carry out survey for new Pune-Nashik line]
* [https://www.maharail.com/project-pune_nashik.php Pune-Nashik road semi highspeed rail project (Maharail)]
* [https://www.urbantransportnews.com/maharail-pune-nashik-semi-high-speed-rail-corridor-know-all-about/ Pune - Nasik semi-high speed rail]
* [https://www.mypunepulse.com/shirdi-included-in-new-route-for-nashik-pune-semi-high-speed-rail-project-says-deputy-chief-minister/ Shirdi Included in New Route for Nashik-Pune Semi High-Speed Rail Project, Says Deputy Chief Minister]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pune-Nasik Road line}}
[[Category:5 ft 6 in gauge railways in India]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Proposed railway lines in India]]
[[Category:Proposed rail infrastructure in India]]
[[Category:Transport in Nashik]]
[[Category:Transport in Pune]]
[[Category:Proposed infrastructure in Maharashtra]]

Saji Varghese

2026-01-26T07:29:51Z

AnnettaCastanon: Added New Data

{{Short description|Indian academic and social entrepreneur}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Orphan|date=September 2025}}
{{Excessive citations|date=September 2025}}
}}
{{Infobox academic
| name = Dr. Saji Varghese
| image = Dr. Saji Varghese.jpg
| caption = Varghese in 2025
| birth_place = [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]
| occupation = Academic, social entrepreneur
| known_for = Founder of Brown Reed Agri-Waste Innovations (Sunbird Straws)
| education = {{ubl |Mount Carmel Convent School, Chandrapur |[[Dr. Ambedkar College, Nagpur]]}}
| alma_mater = [[Nagpur University]], [[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]]
| discipline = [[English studies]]
| workplaces = [[Christ University]], [[Bengaluru]]
}}

'''Saji Kurungatil Varghese''' is an Indian academic and social entrepreneur. He is an [[Associate professor|Associate Professor]] of [[English language|English]] at [[Christ University]], [[Bengaluru]], and the founder of Sunbird Straws, a Bengaluru-based startup that makes biodegradable drinking straws and pens using naturally dried, fallen coconut leaves.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brown Reed Agri Waste Innovations |url=https://millercenterglobal.org/entrepreneur/brown-reed-agri-waste-innovations/ |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Miller Center for Global Impact |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="forbesindia.com">{{Cite web |title=Meet the Bengaluru English prof whose innovation is replacing single-use plastic straws |url=https://www.forbesindia.com/audio/forbes-india-daily-tech-conver-sation/meet-the-bengaluru-english-prof-whose-innovation-is-replacing-singleuse-plastic-straws/77991 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=www.forbesindia.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Menezes |first=Anisha |date=2020-10-29 |title=Now, take a sip using straws made of fallen coconut leaves |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/now-take-a-sip-using-straws-made-of-fallen-coconut-leaves/article32971496.ece |access-date=2025-09-17 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== Early life ==
Saji Kurungatil Varghese was born and raised in [[Nagpur division]], [[Maharashtra]]. He did his schooling from Mount Carmel Convent School, [[Chandrapur]], and holds an M.A. from [[Dr. Ambedkar College, Nagpur|Dr. Ambedkar College]], [[Nagpur]]. He earned his Ph.D. in English from [[Nagpur University]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |date=2025-05-25 |title=Dr. Saji Varghese on going beyond teaching to make a social impact |url=https://www.thehindu.com/education/dr-saji-varghese-on-going-beyond-teaching-to-make-a-social-impact/article69597208.ece |access-date=2025-09-16 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

== Career ==
Varghese started his career teaching English in Nagpur. He then moved to Bengaluru, where he joined Christ University; as of 2025, he has been teaching for over 25 years<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Consulting |first=CHRIST |date=2020-05-15 |title=An Interview with Dr Saji Varghese – the Creator of a Biodegradable Alternative for Plastic Straws |url=https://christconsulting355110641.wordpress.com/2020/05/15/post-1/ |access-date=2025-09-16 |website=CHRIST Consultancy |language=en}}</ref> and is currently an associate professor of English.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |last=Fathima |first=Iffath |date=2020-01-11 |title=Prof designs coconut leaf straws, bags orders from abroad |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/bengaluru/2020/Jan/11/prof-designs-coconut-leaf-straws-bags-orders-from-abroad-2088052.html |access-date=2025-09-16 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-09-20 |title=Young student innovators from Bengaluru |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/spotlight/young-student-innovators-from-bengaluru/articleshow/65855901.cms?utm_source=chatgpt.com |access-date=2025-09-16 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref name="forbesindia.com"/> He also leads the centre for Design and Innovation for Social Entrepreneurship (DAISE) at the university.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=damz82 |date=2025-03-12 |title=Dr Saji Varghese - ASEAN Fintech Forum |url=https://asean-fintechforum.com/dr-saji-varghese/,%20https://asean-fintechforum.com/dr-saji-varghese/ |access-date=2025-09-16 |language=English}}</ref><ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=Meet the Bengaluru Professor Who's Fighting Plastic Pollution with Coconut Leaves |url=https://cc.pacifyca.com/news/meet-the-bengaluru-professor-whos-fighting-plastic-pollution-with-coconut-leaves |access-date=2025-09-16 |website=Catholic Connect |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1" />

=== Sunbird Straws ===
In October 2017, during a walk on the Christ University campus grounds, Varghese came across a fallen coconut leaf. According to him, one of its leaflets was pointing upwards, appearing to be curled like a straw.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=V |first=Pavithra Krishnan |date=2023-09-23 |title=The tale of Sunbird |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/2023/Sep/23/the-tale-of-sunbird-2617356.html |access-date=2025-09-16 |website=The New Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite news |last=Adlakha |first=Nidhi |date=2025-06-27 |title=Bengaluru's Saji Varghese Makes 7 Lakh Eco-Friendly Coconut Straws Monthly |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/bengaluru-saji-varghese-eco-friendly-coconut-straws-sunbird/article69700513.ece |access-date=2025-09-16 |work=The Hindu |language=en-IN |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite web |date=2024-06-29 |title=Unsung Heroes : From classroom to eco-innovation, how a student-professor duo are drivers of green change |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/bangalore/iimb-entreprenurship-straw-coconut-leaves-green-change-9422130/ |access-date=2025-09-16 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news |date=2020-09-22 |title=English professor in Bengaluru innovates straw from coconut leaf, exports to 25 countries |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bengaluru/english-prof-innovates-straw-from-coconut-leaf-exports-to-25-countries/articleshow/78223719.cms |access-date=2025-09-16 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> After a closer look, he discovered that coconut leaves have their own epicuticular wax, making them water-resistant and antimycotic,<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /> causing them to be perfect for straws.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=From Waste to Wonder: Dried Coconut Leaves Replace Millions of Plastic Straws, Empowering Rural Women in India |url=https://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/stories/india-2023-sunbird.html |access-date=2025-09-16 |website=www.wipo.int |language=en}}</ref> Upon further inspection, he also found that the leaves could be softened without losing their structural integrity.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last1=Michael |first1=Maria |last2=Paul |first2=Ivin Roby |last3=Karakunnel |first3=Meljo Thomas |title=Sustaining the World, One Dry Leaf at a Time! |url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/world/news/2022-12/sustaining-the-world-one-dry-leaf-at-a-time.html |access-date=September 16, 2025 |website=[[Vatican News]] |date=29 November 2022 }}</ref> In 2019, Varghese co-authored an article on the same in the ''Asian Journal of Plant Sciences''.[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335993972_Drinking_Straw_from_Coconut_Leaf_A_Study_of_its_Epicuticular_Wax_Content_and_Phenol_Extrusion_Properties] This ultimately inspired the creation of Sunbird Straws, which he founded in 2020 alongside students Chirag MG and Sandeep U<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":14">{{Cite web |last=Raghuram |first=Aruna |title=English professor makes eco-friendly straws from coconut leaves; annual turnover at Rs 70 lakh |url=https://30stades.com/enterprise/english-professor-makes-ecofriendly-sunbird-straws-from-coconut-leaves-annual-turnover-at-rs-70-lakh-9630195 |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=30stades.com |language=en}}</ref> after two years of research and experimentation.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":14" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=No more plastic cutlery from July 1. What now? |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/karnataka/bengaluru/no-more-plastic-cutlery-from-july-1-what-now-1122785.html |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref> In the same year,<ref name=":5" /> Varghese was granted a patent for his innovation.<ref>{{Cite patent|number=WO2020044369A1|title=Bio-degradable means with midrib for use as drinking straw, stirrer and chopstick and method thereof|gdate=2020-03-05|invent1=Varghese|inventor1-first=Saji|url=https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2020044369A1/en}}</ref><ref name=":11">{{Cite web |date=2020-09-22 |title=This College Professor Is Turning Discarded Coconut Leaves Into Biodegradable Straws |url=https://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/college-professor-turns-coconut-leaves-into-biodegradable-straws-523344.html |access-date=2025-09-16 |website=Indiatimes |language=en-IN}}</ref><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":6" />

The company aims to replace non-biodegradable, single-use plastic straws<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=prakati |first=team |date=2020-07-14 |title=Prof. Saji Varghese creates Straws from Coconut leaves |url=https://prakati.in/prof-saji-varghese-creates-straws-from-coconut-leaves/ |access-date=2025-09-16 |website=Prakati India |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite web |last=Gupta |first=Shivani |title=Professor Makes 100% Biodegradable Straws Using Coconut Leaves |url=https://thebetterindia.com/320826/bengaluru-professor-saji-varghese-makes-sunbird-straws-from-coconut-leaves-watch-video/ |access-date=2025-09-16 |website=thebetterindia.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Zachariah |first=Serene Sarah |title=Professor Makes Coconut Leaf Straws, Bags Orders Worth Rs 6 Crore |url=https://thebetterindia.com/232281/bengaluru-innovation-earns-crores-coconut-leaf-straw-plastic-alternative-sustainable-buy-online-inspiring-india-ser106/ |access-date=2025-09-17 |website=thebetterindia.com |language=en}}</ref> and reduce pollution and CO2 emissions.<ref name=":0" /> It employs about 200 rural women<ref name=":13">{{Cite news |date=2025-06-10 |title=Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw applauds Bengaluru professor who turned leaf into a straw: Know how it's now a global hit |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/new-updates/kiran-mazumdar-shaw-applauds-bengaluru-professor-who-turned-leaf-into-a-straw-know-how-its-now-a-global-hit/articleshow/121748210.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2025-09-17 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref><ref name=":10" /><ref name=":12" /> across coastal India, and makes around 700,000 straws a month.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0" /> It was initially funded by Christ University, and incubated by [[Indian Institute of Management Bangalore|IIM Bangalore's]] incubation centre, NSRCEL.<ref name=":10" /><ref name=":7" /> Most leaves for the purpose are sourced from [[Karnataka]], [[Kerala]] and [[Tamil Nadu]], and the company has production centres in [[Kasaragod|Kasargod]] and [[Palakkad]] in Kerala, [[Thoothukudi]] in Tamil Nadu and [[Bannur]] in Karnataka.<ref name=":2" /> While the straw-making process initially was time- and labour-intensive, the company has now developed technologically advanced machines and conveyor systems to rapidly increase output, reduce costs, and increase profits.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":10" /> As of 2020, Sunbird Straws has exported to over 25 countries.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":11" />

== Awards and honours ==
In 2019, Varghese was invited to be a part of the [[President of India|President of India's]] business delegation to [[Philippines|the Philippines]].<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":9" /> He also won the Swadeshi Startup Award from the [[IIT Delhi|Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi]] in 2018.<ref name=":13" /><ref name=":5" /><ref name=":14" /> His startup was also the only Indian startup to be shortlisted for the Youth Ecopreneur Award in Mongolia in 2023.<ref name=":0" /> He is also a recipient of the Honey Bee Network Creativity and Inclusivity Award, and the Swiss Re Shine Entrepreneur Award.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":13" />

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Varghese, Saji}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian people]]
[[Category:Indian social entrepreneurs]]
[[Category:People from Maharashtra]]

Ziradei

2026-01-17T23:58:43Z

AnnettaCastanon: adjust content and added references per sources

{{Short description|Community development block in Siwan district, Bihar, India}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Ziradei
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =Jiradei
| settlement_type = Community development block
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| nickname =
| pushpin_map = India Bihar
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Bihar, India
| coordinates = {{coord|26|14|10|N|84|14|53|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Siwan district|Siwan]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 138078
| population_as_of = 2001
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| registration_plate =
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Siwan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Siwan]]
| website = {{URL|siwan.bih.nic.in/}}
| footnotes =
| unemployment_rate =
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Ziradei (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ziradei]]
}}
'''Ziradei''' (also spelt Jiradei) is one of the administrative divisions of [[Siwan district]] in the Indian [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Bihar]].

==Geography==
Ziradei is located at {{Coord|26.236|N|84.248|E|format=dms|}}

==History and people==
[[Rajendra Prasad]], the [[President of India|first President of India]] was from Ziradei, and the [[Ancestral House of Rajendra Prasad]] can still be visited there.

===Panchayats===
[[Gram panchayat|Panchayats]] in Ziradei [[Community Development Block in India|community development block]] are: Akolhi, Mairwa, Don Bazar, Gangpaliya, Badhenya, Bharauli, Chandauli Gangauli, Chandpali, Chhotaka Manjha, Garar, Hasua, Jamapur, Manjhawalia, Miya Ke Bhatkan, Narindrapur, Sakara, Thepaha, Titara and [[Ziradei (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Ziradei]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.brandbihar.com/english/districts/siwan/siwan_jeeradei.html |title=Ziradei Block |work=Blocks of Siwan district |publisher=brandbihar.com |access-date=2011-02-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918090535/http://www.brandbihar.com/english/districts/siwan/siwan_jeeradei.html |archive-date=September 18, 2010 }}</ref>

==Demographics==
As per 2001 census, Ziradei block had a population of 138,078.{{cn|date=January 2022}}

==Personalities==
*[[Rajendra Prasad]], the first President of India, was born at Ziradei on 3 December 1884. <ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.liveindia.com/freedomfighters/10.html | title = Dr. Rajendra Prasad | publisher = Live India | access-date = 2011-02-25 | archive-date = 2011-03-01 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110301111931/http://www.liveindia.com/freedomfighters/10.html | url-status = dead }}</ref>

*[[Mithilesh Kumar Srivastava]], better known as [[Natwarlal]], was a noted Indian con man known for having repeatedly "sold" the [[Taj Mahal]], the [[Red Fort]], and the [[Rashtrapati Bhavan]] and also the [[Parliament House (India)|Parliament House]] of India along with its 545 sitting members. He was also born in Bangra a small village in Ziradei constituency [[Siwan District|Siwan]], by profession he was a lawyer before he turned into a conman.<ref>{{Cite web|title=जब बिक गया था ताजमहल, लालकिला, राष्ट्रपति भवन और संसद|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/news/nat-nan-7-interesting-facts-about-biggest-fraudster-of-india-natwarlal-5174373-pho.html|date=2015-11-22|website=Dainik Bhaskar|language=hi|access-date=2020-05-01}}</ref>

==See also==

*[[Ziradei (Vidhan Sabha constituency)]]
*[[2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Saran Division topics}}
{{Blocks of Siwan district}}
[[Category:Community development blocks in Siwan district]]

Journey of a Nation

2026-01-13T06:53:03Z

AnnettaCastanon: Added first stub needs work.

{{Short description|Indian sports book}}
{{Orphan|date=September 2024}}
{{Infobox book
|name = Journey of a nation: 75 years of Indian sports Game, Guts, Glory
|author = Chandresh Narayanan
|language = English
|country = India
|genre =
|publisher = [[Rupa Publications]]
|media_type =
|cover_artist =
|isbn =
|image = File:Journey of a nation.jpg
|caption = First edition
|series =
|release_date =
|pages =
|awards =
}}

'''''Journey of a nation: 75 years of Indian sports Game, Guts, Glory''''' is an Indian book about sports which is written by Chandresh Narayanan. It is published by [[Rupa Publications]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Chandresh Narayanan: 'It would have been easy for me to only write about cricket, but this is about the celebration of a nation' |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/book-reviews/chandresh-narayanan-it-would-have-been-easy-for-me-to-only-write-about-cricket-but-this-is-about-the-celebration-of-a-nation |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=Free Press Journal |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Basu |first=Sohinee |date=2022-08-23 |title=75 Years of Indian Sports: How Padukone 'hypnotised' his opponent to change the course of Indian badminton |url=https://thebridge.in/straight-out-of-pages/75-years-indian-sports-padukone-hypnotise-opponent-change-indian-badminton-34777 |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=thebridge.in |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kumar |first=PK Ajith |date=2022-08-27 |title=Book Review: Journey of a nation: 75 years of Indian sports Game, Guts, Glory |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/books/reviews/sports/journey-of-a-nation-75-years-of-indian-sports-game-guts-glory/article65817730.ece |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=www.thehindubusinessline.com |language=en}}</ref>

==Reception==
[[The Hindu]] wrote in a review "Chandresh Narayanan’s book, 75 Years of Indian Sports: Game, Guts, Glory, a journalistic recitation of India’s sports since Independence, is timely, detailing the ‘what’ but falling short of the ‘why’ and ‘how’ ".

[[The Print]] wrote in a review "The book is a history of the nation’s development as a sporting nation and also the journey of its athletes – from being enthusiasts of a particular game to becoming internationally recognised champions".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Team |first=ThePrint |date=2022-08-16 |title=Beyond cricket & hockey: New book looks at 75 years of Indian sports, journey of its champions |url=https://theprint.in/softcover/beyond-cricket-hockey-new-book-looks-at-75-years-of-indian-sports-journey-of-its-champions/1083491/ |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=ThePrint |language=en-US}}</ref>

[[Scroll.in]] wrote in a review "75 Years of Indian Sports is the story of India as a sporting nation and the journey of amateur athletes to becoming world champions".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Debnath |first=Sayari |title=In the month before Independence, six recent books explore what it means to be Indian |url=https://scroll.in/article/1028647/in-the-month-of-independence-six-recently-published-books-explore-what-it-means-to-be-indian |access-date=2022-10-12 |website=Scroll.in |date=24 July 2022 |language=en-US}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:2022 non-fiction books]]
[[Category:Indian non-fiction books]]
[[Category:Books about sports]]
[[Category:Rupa Publications books]]

Sadar Bazar railway station

2025-12-31T09:19:02Z

AnnettaCastanon: further enhance page per standard format and cleaned formatting

{{short description|Railway station in Delhi, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2017}}
{{Infobox station
| name = Sadar Bazar
| type = [[File:Indian_Railways_Suburban_Railway_Logo.svg|30px]] [[Indian Railway]] and [[Delhi Suburban Railway]] station
| style = Indian Railways
| image = Railway tracks near Sadar Bazar railway station, Delhi.jpg
| caption = Railway tracks near Sadar Bazar railway station
| address = Qutab Road, [[Sadar Bazaar, Delhi|Sadar Bazar]], [[Central Delhi district|Central Delhi]], Delhi – 110006
| country =
| coordinates = {{coord|28.6586|77.2168|type:railwaystation_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| elevation = {{convert|221|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
| owned = [[Indian Railways]]
| line =
| platforms = 4 [[5 ft 6 in gauge railway|BG]]
| tracks = 4 [[5 ft 6 in gauge railway|BG]]
| connections = {{ric|Delhi Metro}} {{rcb|Delhi Metro|Red|croute}} [[Tis Hazari metro station|Tis Hazari]]
| structure = Standard (At-grade station)
| parking =
| bicycle =
| accessible =
| status = Active
| code = DSB
| zone = [[Northern Railway zone|Northern Railways]]
| classification = NSG-4
| opened =
| electrified = Yes
| passengers =
| pass_system =
| pass_year =
| pass_percent =
| pass_rank =
| services = {{Adjacent stations|system=Indian Railways|line=Northern Railway zone |left=Old Delhi |right=New Delhi |to-left=Sahibabad Junction |to-right=Hazrat Nizamuddin}}
| footnotes =
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-custom = {{Maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=300|frame-height=180|zoom=12|type=point|marker=rail}}
}}
'''Sadar Bazar railway station''', with the three-letter station code '''DSB''', is a railway station located in the [[Sadar Bazaar, Delhi|Sadar Bazar area]] of Delhi's [[Central Delhi district]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Sadar Bazar (DSB) Railway Station |url=https://www.ndtv.com/indian-railway/sadar-bazar-dsb-station |work=NDTV |location=New Delhi |access-date=6 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://sec.delhi.gov.in/sites/default/files/SEC/universal-tab/ward_72_sadar_bazar.pdf |title=Ward 72, Sadar Bazar |date=13 October 2022 |website=sec.delhi.gov.in |publisher=State Election Commission, Delhi |access-date=6 January 2024 }}</ref> The station, which has four platforms and three radiating lines, is maintained by [[Northern Railways]] and has been ranked NSG-4 as per the [[categorization of Indian Railway stations by commercial importance]].<ref name="Sadar Bazar – India Rail Info">{{cite web |url=http://indiarailinfo.com/station/map/sadar-bazar-dsb/2635 |title=DSB/Sadar Bazar |website=indiarailinfo.com |publisher= India Rail Info |access-date=6 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://indianrailways.gov.in/Railway_station_zone-category_wise_list.pdf |title=List of zone/category-wise railway stations opened for passenger services in Indian Railways |date=1 December 2022 |website=indianrailways.gov.in |publisher=Indian Railways |access-date=6 January 2024 |page=61}}</ref>

== Services ==
=== Rail ===
The station has the following trains passing, originating, or terminating at it:<ref name="Sadar Bazar – India Rail Info" />
* [[Udyan Abha Toofan Express]]
* [[Sirsa Express]]
* Saharanpur–Delhi Passenger
* Rohtak–Hazrat Nizamuddin Passenger
* Panipat–New Delhi MEMU
* Panipat–Ghaziabad MEMU
* Old Delhi–Agra Cantt. Passenger
* New Delhi–Kurukshetra MEMU
* Merrut Cantt.–Rewari Jn. Passenger (via [[New Delhi railway station|New Delhi]])
* Kurukshetra–Hazrat Nizamuddin MEMU
* Bulandshahr–Tilak Bridge Passenger

=== Metro ===
The railway station is located about {{convert|1.5|km|mi}} away from the [[Tis Hazari metro station]] of [[Delhi Metro|Delhi Metro's]] [[Red Line (Delhi Metro)|Red Line]], which was one of the termini of its first section opened on 25 December 2002.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.delhimetrorail.com/station/TZI |title=Tis Hazari |website=delhimetrorail.com |publisher=DMRC |access-date=6 January 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release |url=http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2002/rdec2002/24122002/r241220027.html |title=Prime Minister inaugurates Metro Rail services between Tis Hazari and Shahdara |publisher=Press Information Bureau, Government of India |date=24 December 2002 |access-date=6 January 2024 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721174826/http://pib.nic.in/archieve/lreleng/lyr2002/rdec2002/24122002/r241220027.html |archive-date=21 July 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news| url=https://www.smh.com.au/articles/2002/12/26/1040511133673.html |title=Passengers swamp Delhi's new metro |date=27 December 2002 |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |access-date=6 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116141128/http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2002/12/26/1040511133673.html |archive-date=16 January 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Bus ===
The railway station is located about 750 meters away from [[Delhi Transport Corporation|DTC's]] Peeli Kothi bus stop, and is served by bus routes 17, 102, 106, 109, 114, 115, 116, 117, 119, 124, 125, 126, 127, 129, 136, 137, 138, 141, 142, 144, 146, 147, 148, 149, 161, 175, 183, 194, 197, 199, 219, 219EXT, 219STL, 231, 232, 233, 816, 816EXT, 922, 922A, 923, 923, 924, 925, 926, 929, 937A, 942, and 942E.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.google.com/maps/place/Peeli+Kothi/@28.6623999,77.2161256,18z/data=!4m10!1m2!2m1!1sPeeli+Kothi!3m6!1s0x390cfd0cb71840ef:0x9d7f3a20c66f2fbd!8m2!3d28.6624!4d77.2181!15sCgtQZWVsaSBLb3RoaVoNIgtwZWVsaSBrb3RoaZIBCGJ1c19zdG9wmgEjQ2haRFNVaE5NRzluUzBWSlEwRm5TVU10T0hWaFdGWjNFQUXgAQA!16s%2Fg%2F11np82qmtd?entry=ttu |title=Peeli Kothi |website=google.com |publisher=Delhi Government |access-date=6 January 2024}}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station]]
* [[New Delhi railway station]]
* [[Delhi Junction Railway station]]
* [[Anand Vihar Terminal railway station]]
* [[Sarai Rohilla railway station]]
* [[Delhi Metro]]

== References ==

{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Wikivoyage inline|Delhi}}

{{Delhi}}

[[Category:Railway stations in North Delhi district]]
[[Category:Delhi railway division]]

{{Delhi-railstation-stub}}

Ram Singh Malam

2025-12-20T04:53:02Z

AnnettaCastanon: Created a biography

{{Short description|Navigator, architect and craftsman from 18th century India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2022}}
'''Ram Singh Malam''' {{efn|Alternative names include Ramsinh and Ramsang Malam. Malam literally means navigator.}} (1702-1773)<ref name=m/> was a navigator, architect and craftsman from 18th century [[Cutch State|Kutch]] region (now [[Kutch district]], [[Gujarat]]) of India. When his ship got wrecked on a voyage, he was rescued by a Dutch ship which brought him to [[Holland]]. He learned several European craft skills there, which were introduced to Kutch upon his return. Despite being patronised by the ruler of Kutch for whom he built palaces including [[Aina Mahal]] and memorials, he is celebrated as a maritime [[folk hero]] whose artistic influence is still found in the region.

==Early life==
Ram Singh Malam was probably born in [[Okha, India|Okhamandal]]{{efn|Now part of [[Devbhoomi Dwarka district]], Gujarat}} region at the beginning of 18th century in a [[Wagher]] [[caste]] and started seafaring from an early age.{{sfn|Rushbrook Williams|1958|page=138}}<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":GVK">{{Cite book|title=ગુજરાતી વિશ્વકોશ|last=Parikh|first=Pravinchandra|publisher=Gujarati Vishwakosh Trust|date=January 2002|editor-last=Thaker|editor-first=Dhirubhai|editor-link=Dhirubhai Thaker|volume=XV|location=[[Ahmedabad]]|pages=806|trans-title=Gujarati Encyclopedia|language=gu|oclc=248968453}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/33395042/glorious-heritage-maharao-lakhpatji-aina-mahal|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190326073029/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/33395042/glorious-heritage-maharao-lakhpatji-aina-mahal|url-status=dead|archive-date=2019-03-26|title=The Arts of Kutch|last1=Jethi|first1=Pramod|last2=London|first2=Christopher W.|publisher=Marg Publications and National Centre for the Performing Arts|year=2000|isbn=8185026483|editor-last=London|editor-first=Christopher W.|location=Mumbai|pages=48–61|chapter=A Glorious Heritage: Maharao Lakhpatji and the Aina Mahal|oclc=44835875|via=EBSCOHost}}</ref>

At a young age, he lost his ship in a storm during a voyage to Africa and was rescued by a Dutch ship on the way to [[Holland]] (now Netherlands).<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":GVK" /><ref name=m>{{Cite web |last=Mehta |first=Makrand |date=2018-10-03 |title=આજથી અઢીસો વર્ષ પહેલાં યુરોપની ટેકનોલોજી ભારતમાં લઈ આવનાર કચ્છ-માંડવીનો વહાણવટી અને યંત્રશાસ્ત્રી રામસિંહ માલમ |url=https://www.gujaratsamachar.com/news/shatdal/two-hundred-and-fifty-years-ago-kutch-mandavis-ship-carrying-the-technology-of-india-and-the-architect-ramsinh-malam-makrand-mehta |access-date=2023-08-11 |website=[[Gujarat Samachar]] |language=gu}}</ref> On the way, they were attacked by pirates but survived. He reached Holland with them and stayed for around 18 years.<ref name=":GVK" /> There, he learned several European craft skills including [[glassblowing]], architecture, stone carving, [[clock making]], [[Tile|tile work]], [[Vitreous enamel|enamel work]], gun-casting and foundry work.{{sfn|Rushbrook Williams|1958|page=138}}<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/Gujarati-Sindbad-built-Aina-Mahal/articleshow/5595081.cms|title=Gujarati Sindbad built Aina Mahal|last1=Vashi|first1=Ashish|last2=Mehta|first2=Harit|date=2010-02-20|website=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=2019-02-07}}</ref><ref name="Mehta2009">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wyc5QwAACAAJ|title=History of International Trade and Customs Duties in Gujarat|last=Mehta|first=Makrand|publisher=Darshak Itihas Nidhi|year=2009|location=Vadodara|pages=55|chapter=Ports and Maritime Trade of Kutch|oclc=439922062}}</ref>

==Return to India==
He returned to India when he was in his thirties<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":GVK" /> and met several princes, but none were interested in his skills. He went to [[Mandvi]] in Kutch where his skills were appreciated by the locals. There, he met the Jadeja ruler of [[Cutch State|Kutch]], Maharao [[Lakhpatji]], in [[Bhuj]] who took him into service. He established a workshop of enamel work at his palace and the craftsmen in gold and silver all over the state were invited to learn from him.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />{{sfn|Rushbrook Williams|1958|pages=138-139}}<ref name="gbp">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dLUBAAAAYAAJ|title=Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency: Cutch, Palanpur, and Mahi Kantha|publisher=Printed at the Government Central Press|year=1880|pages=116, 143}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> When Lakhpatji sent an army against Sumraji Thakore of [[Tera Fort]] to subdue the revolt, he used the artillery set up by Ram Singh Malam. It was the first recorded use of the artillery power in the history of Kutch.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lethbridge|first= Roper|year=1893|title=The Golden Book of India: A Genealogical and Biographical Dictionary of the Ruling Princes, Chiefs, Nobles, and Other Personages, Titled Or Decorated, of the Indian Empire|location=London|publisher=Macmillan|page=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.150766/page/n297 274]|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.150766|oclc=3104377}}</ref>

With the help of the Maharao, he visited Europe twice to hone his skills. Along with some apprentices, he is said to have visited [[Venice]] and [[Austria]]. When he returned, he established a cannon foundry as well as tiles and glass factories near Mandvi where the sand suitable for production is found. There, he made clocks and minutely copied patterns of European models and figures.{{sfn|Rushbrook Williams|1958|pages=138-139}}<ref name=":0" /><ref name="gbp" /><ref name=":2" /> He also established a handicraft school in Bhuj.<ref name=":0" /> He was granted an estate of Kalyanpur village near [[Mundra]] by the Maharao for his service. He died of old age.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />{{sfn|Rushbrook Williams|1958|page=140}}<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.navgujaratsamay.com/in-the-eighteenth-century-the-dream-was-established-to-establish-an-industry/88913.html|title=કચ્છમાં છેક અઢારમી સદીમાં ઉદ્યોગ સ્થાપવાનું સપનું માલમે જોયું હતું|date=2018-08-22|work=[[NavGujarat Samay]]|language=gu|trans-title=A Malam had dreamed an establishment of the industry in Kutch in 18th century}}</ref>

==Architecture and legacy==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Aina Mahal2.jpg|Corridor in Aina Mahal
File:Aina Mahal.jpg|Fuvara Mahal (Pleasure Hall) in Aina Mahal
File:Chhatedi .jpg|Memorial cenotaph of Lakhapatji
</gallery>
Ram Singh Malam is celebrated as a maritime folk hero and songs written on him are still sung in coastal regions of Gujarat.<ref name=":0" /> His influence on the architecture and decoration of Kutch can be still found.{{sfn|Rushbrook Williams|1958|page=138}} His technique of enamel work is now known as 'Kutch work'. The pieces created in his workshop are now housed in various museums.<ref name=":GVK" />

He designed and decorated [[Aina Mahal]] ({{literal translation|Palace of Mirrors}}) in Bhuj for the Maharao Lakhpatji which cost eight million [[Kutch kori|kori]]s. It was built in Indo-European style and decorated with glasses, mirrors and China tiles and also had a pleasure hall; the palace is now converted into a museum storing a "europeanerie"{{efn|An 18th century obsession of European things among the Indian nobles is called "europeanerie".}} collection including clocks, wares, mechanical toys, paintings and pictures.{{sfn|Rushbrook Williams|1958|pages=140–142}}<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2001-feb-11-mn-24059-story.html|title=Treasures of India's Royal Past Among Quake Losses|last=Watson|first=Paul|date=2001-02-11|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=2019-03-26|issn=0458-3035}}</ref><ref name=":2" /> He also designed the Old Palace built in Mandvi and the memorial cenotaphs of [[Deshalji I|Deshalji]] and Lakhpatji in Bhuj.<ref name=":1" /> These constructions demonstrate European influence in design and decoration. His characteristic sign in the architecture was merrymaking dutch boys with wine bottles and cups from whom he learned his skills. These buildings were damaged in the subsequent [[2001 Gujarat earthquake|earthquake]]s.<ref name=":1">{{cite journal|last=Sastri|first=K. A. Nilakanta|journal=Journal of the Assam Research Society|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M9a1AAAAIAAJ|volume=XIII|year=1959|publisher=Kamarupa Anusandhan Samiti (The Assam Research Society)|pages=19–21|title=Ram Singh Malam of Mandvi|oclc=565646864}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref name="Mehta2009" />{{sfn|Rushbrook Williams|1958|page=140}}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

=== Bibliography ===
* {{cite book |last=Rushbrook Williams |first= Laurence Frederic|year= 1958|title=The Black Hills: Kutch in History and Legend: a Study in Indian Local Loyalties |publisher= Weidenfeld and Nicolson |location=London |pages=138–142|oclc=314891065 |author-link=L. F. Rushbrook Williams}}

[[Category:18th-century Indian artists]]
[[Category:People from Kutch district]]
[[Category:1702 births]]
[[Category:Indian sailors]]
[[Category:18th-century sailors]]
[[Category:Gujarati people]]
[[Category:People from Devbhoomi Dwarka district]]
[[Category:18th-century Indian architects]]
[[Category:1773 deaths]]
[[Category:Maritime navigators]]

Vanjangi

2025-12-06T07:04:04Z

AnnettaCastanon: Added Data

{{Short description|Hill Station in Andhra Pradesh, India}}
{{how-to|date=June 2024}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Vanjangi
| native_name =
| native_language =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[Hill Station]]
| image_skyline = File:Vanjangi hills - paderu - andhrapradesh (6).jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = View of Eastern Ghats from Vanjangi hilltop
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 14
| pushpin_map = India Andhra Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Andhra Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|18|02|48|N|82|38|57|E}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Alluri Sitharama Raju district|Alluri Sitharama Raju]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 531 077
| registration_plate_type = [[Vehicle registration plates of India|Vehicle Registration]]
| registration_plate = [[List of RTO districts in India|AP31 (Former)]] AP39 (from 30 January 2019)<ref>{{cite news |title=New 'AP 39' code to register vehicles in Andhra Pradesh launched |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/vijayawada/2019/jan/31/new-ap-39-code-to-register-vehicles-in-state-launched-1932417.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190203234146/http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/vijayawada/2019/jan/31/new-ap-39-code-to-register-vehicles-in-state-launched-1932417.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 February 2019 |accessdate=9 June 2019 |work=The New Indian Express |date=31 January 2019 |location=Vijayawada}}</ref>
| website =
| footnotes =
| leader_title = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]]
| leader_name = [[Kottagulli Bhagya Lakshmi]]
}}

'''Vanjangi''' is a [[hill station]] located near [[Paderu]] in the [[Alluri Sitharama Raju district]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]], India. It is situated approximately {{convert|3,400|feet}} above sea level.

== Geography and climate ==

Vanjangi is situated in the [[Eastern Ghats]]. The climate of Vanjangi remains cool throughout the year, and the area experiences heavy rainfall during the monsoon season.<ref name="Network">{{Cite web |last=Network |first=Newsmeter |date=2021-12-19 |title=Move over Lammasingi, Tajangi; Vanjangi is top tourist destination in Vizag Agency |url=https://newsmeter.in/regional/andhra-pradesh/vanjangi-is-top-tourist-destination-in-vizag-agency-688164 |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=newsmeter.in |language=en}}</ref>

== Tourist attractions ==

Vanjangi is known for its sunrises,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Network |first=Newsmeter |date=2024-01-13 |title=Vanjangi: Come, enjoy your Sankranti holidays watching beautiful sunrise from the hills |url=https://newsmeter.in/top-stories/vanjangi-come-enjoy-your-sankranti-holidays-watching-beautiful-sunrise-from-the-hills-723202 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=newsmeter.in |language=en}}</ref> with visitors often starting their trek early in the morning to see the view.{{Citation needed|date=June 2024}} The hill station experiences thick fog during the winter months,<ref name=":0" /> drawing many tourists.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=PATNAIK |first=K. M. P. |date=2023-10-25 |title=Thick fog envelops Vanjangi, Lambasingi |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/lifestyle/environment/251023/thick-fog-envelops-vanjangi-lambasingi-winter-sets-in-early-in-agency.html |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |language=en}}</ref> Winter arrives early in Vanjangi, with temperatures dropping to around 16 degrees Celsius. December to January is a popular time for tourists due to the fog and clear views.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Aruna |date=2024-02-27 |title=AP: SR Tourism Affected by Rising Temperatures and Year-end Exams |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/sr-tourism-affected-by-rising-temperatures-and-year-end-exams-883484 |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=[[Deccan Chronicle]] |language=en}}</ref>

The culture of Vanjangi is closely linked to the traditions of the indigenous tribal communities of the Eastern Ghats.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}} Local customs include festivals, dances, and handicrafts<ref name="Network" /> that reflect the tribes' connection with their environment.{{Citation needed|date=June 2024}} The local markets and gatherings feature traditional attire, music, and dance.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vizag |first=Team Yo! |date=2020-12-26 |title=Be there to believe it! View from this vantage point in Vizag will blow you away |url=https://www.yovizag.com/vanjangi-tourist-sensation-visakhapatnam/ |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=Vizag |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Transport ==

Vanjangi is accessible by several modes of transport despite its remote location. The primary way to reach Vanjangi is by road from [[Paderu]]. The [[Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation]] (APSRTC) operates buses from nearby towns to Paderu.

There is no railway station in Vanjangi itself. The nearest major railway station is in [[Visakhapatnam railway station|Visakhapatnam]], approximately {{convert|125|km}} away.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vanjangi Hill Point Visakhapatnam (How To Reach, Timings) |url=https://news.hellovizag.in/vanjangi-hill-point-visakhapatnam-how-to-reach-timings |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=news.hellovizag.in |language=en}}</ref>

== External links ==

* [https://allurisitharamaraju.ap.gov.in/tourism-2/ Alluri Sitharama Raju district Official Website]
* [https://aptourism.gov.in/ Andhra Pradesh Tourism Official Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190828061816/https://www.aptourism.gov.in/ |date=28 August 2019 }}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in Alluri Sitharama Raju district]]
[[Category:Hill stations in Andhra Pradesh]]

14th IIFA Awards

2025-11-01T00:42:57Z

AnnettaCastanon: enhance page as per guidelines

{{Short description|Indian film award ceremony in 2013}}
{{more citations needed|date=February 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Infobox film awards
| number = 14
| award = IIFA Awards
| award_link = International Indian Film Academy
| type =
| image =
| caption = IIFA Awards 2013 Information
| date = {{Start date|2013|07|04|df=y}}– {{End date|2013|07|06|df=y}}
| site = [[The Venetian Macao]], [[Macau]]
| host = {{Plainlist|
* [[Shah Rukh Khan]]
* [[Shahid Kapoor]]
}}
| best_picture = ''[[Barfi!]]''
| best_direction = [[Anurag Basu]]
| best_direction_film = ''(Barfi!)''
| best_actor = [[Ranbir Kapoor]]
| best_actor_film = ''(Barfi!)''
| best_actress = [[Vidya Balan]]
| best_actress_film = ''([[Kahaani]])''
| most_wins = ''Barfi!'' (14)
| most_nominations = ''Barfi!'' (21)
| channel = [[Star Plus]]
| network = [[Star India|STAR TV]]
| duration =
| ratings =
| last = [[2012 IIFA Awards|13th]]
| next = [[15th IIFA Awards|15th]]
}}
The 2013 '''IIFA Awards''', officially the '''14th International Indian Film Academy Awards''' ceremony, presented by the International Indian Film Academy honouring the [[List of Bollywood films of 2012|Bollywood films of 2012]], took place between 4–6 July 2013. The winners were announced on 6 July 2013 at [[The Venetian Macao]], [[Macau]] for the second time after [[10th IIFA Awards|2009]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Barfi! leads IIFA nominations with 13 nods|url=http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/barfi-leads-iifa-nominations-with-13-nods-357458|agency=Indo-Asian News Service|publisher=NDTV Movies|accessdate=5 May 2013|archive-date=27 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527015424/http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/barfi-leads-iifa-nominations-with-13-nods-357458|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=IIFA 2013 Technical Awards Winners|url=http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/5020/IIFA%202013%20Technical%20Awards%20Winners|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130826143745/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movies/features/type/view/id/5020/IIFA%202013%20Technical%20Awards%20Winners|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 August 2013|website=[[Bollywood Hungama]]|accessdate=21 May 2013}}</ref> The ceremony was hosted by the actors [[Shah Rukh Khan]] and [[Shahid Kapoor]]. The ceremony was televised in India and internationally on [[Star Plus]].

''[[Barfi!]]'' led the ceremony with 13 nominations, followed by ''[[Vicky Donor]]'' with 9 nominations, [[Agneepath (2012 film)|''Agneepath'']] and ''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1]]'' with 8 nominations each, and [[Cocktail (2012 film)|''Cocktail'']] with 5 nominations.

''Barfi!'' won 14 awards, including [[IIFA Award for Best Film|Best Film]], [[IIFA Award for Best Director|Best Director]] (for [[Anurag Basu]]), and [[IIFA Award for Best Actor|Best Actor]] (for [[Ranbir Kapoor]]), thus becoming the most-awarded film at the ceremony.

[[Nawazuddin Siddiqui]] received dual nominations for [[IIFA Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]] for his performances in ''Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1'' and ''[[Talaash: The Answer Lies Within]]'', but lost to [[Annu Kapoor]], who won the award for ''Vicky Donor''.

==Winners and nominees==
<ref>{{cite news |title=IIFA 2013: The complete list of nominations |url=https://www.news18.com/news/india/iifa-2013-the-complete-list-of-nominations-621724.html |accessdate=22 October 2019 |work=News18}}</ref>

===Popular awards===
{| class=wikitable style="width=150%"
|-
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Movie|Best Picture]]
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Director|Best Director]]
|-
| valign="top" |
* '''''[[Barfi!]]''' – '''[[UTV Motion Pictures]]'''''
* ''[[English Vinglish]]'' – [[Eros Entertainment]]
* ''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1]]'' – [[Viacom 18 Motion Pictures]]
* ''[[Kahaani]]'' – [[Viacom 18 Motion Pictures]], Pen India Pvt.Ltd
* ''[[Paan Singh Tomar (film)|Paan Singh Tomar]]'' – [[UTV Motion Pictures]]
* ''[[Talaash: The Answer Lies Within]]'' – [[Excel Entertainment]], Aamir Khan Productions
* ''[[Vicky Donor]]'' – [[Eros Entertainment]], [[John Abraham Entertainment]]
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Anurag Basu]] – ''[[Barfi!]]'''''
* [[Anurag Kashyap]] – ''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1]]''
* [[Shoojit Sircar]] – ''[[Vicky Donor]]''
* [[Sujoy Ghosh]] – ''[[Kahaani]]''
* [[Tigmanshu Dhulia]] – ''[[Paan Singh Tomar (film)|Paan Singh Tomar]]''
|-
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Actor|Best Actor In A Leading Role]]
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Actress|Best Actress In A Leading Role]]
|-
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Ranbir Kapoor]] – ''[[Barfi!]]'' as Murphy "Barfi" Johnson'''
* [[Ayushmann Khurrana]] '''– '''[[Vicky Donor]] as Vicky Arora
* [[Hrithik Roshan]] '''–''' ''[[Agneepath (2012 film)|Agneepath]]'' as Vijay Deenanath Chauhan
* [[Irrfan Khan]] – ''[[Paan Singh Tomar (film)|Paan Singh Tomar]]'' as [[Paan Singh Tomar]]
* [[Manoj Bajpai]] – ''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1]]'' as Sardar Khan
* [[Shah Rukh Khan]] – ''[[Jab Tak Hai Jaan]]'' as Samar
|valign="top" |
* '''[[Vidya Balan]] – ''[[Kahaani]]'' as Vidya Bagchi'''
* [[Deepika Padukone]] – ''[[Cocktail (2012 film)|Cocktail]]'' as Veronica Malaney
* [[Huma Qureshi]] – ''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 2]]'' as Mohsina
* [[Kareena Kapoor]] – ''[[Heroine (2012 film)|Heroine]]'' as Mahi Arora
* [[Priyanka Chopra]] – ''[[Barfi!]]'' as Jhilmil Chatterjee
* [[Sridevi]] – ''[[English Vinglish]]'' as Shashi Godbole

|-
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Actor In A Supporting Role]]
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Actress In A Supporting Role]]
|-
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Annu Kapoor]] – ''[[Vicky Donor]]'' as Dr. Baldev Chaddha'''
* [[Akshay Kumar]] – ''[[OMG – Oh My God!]]'' as Krishna Vasudev Yadav
* [[Mithun Chakraborty]] – ''OMG – Oh My God!'' as Leeladhar Swamy
* [[Nawazuddin Siddiqui]] – [[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1|''Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1'']] as Faizal Khan
* Nawazuddin Siddiqui – ''[[Talaash: The Answer Lies Within]]'' as Taimur
* [[Saurabh Shukla]] – ''[[Barfi!]]'' as Sudhanshu Dutta
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Anushka Sharma]] – ''[[Jab Tak Hai Jaan]]'' as Akira Rai'''
* [[Diana Penty]] – ''[[Cocktail (2012 film)|Cocktail]]'' as Meera Sahni
* [[Divya Dutta]] – ''[[Heroine (2012 film)|Heroine]]'' as Pallavi Narayan
* [[Dolly Ahluwalia]] – ''[[Vicky Donor]]'' as Mrs. Arora
* [[Jacqueline Fernandez]] – ''[[Housefull 2]]'' as Bobby
* [[Reema Sen]] – ''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1]]'' as Durga
|-
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Star Debut of the Year – Male|Male Debutant Star]]
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Star Debut of the Year – Female|Female Debutant Star]]
|-
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Ayushmann Khurrana]] '''– '''[[Vicky Donor]]'''
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Yami Gautam]]''' – '''[[Vicky Donor]]'''
|-
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Performance in a Comic Role|Best Performance In A Comic Role]]
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Performance in a Negative Role|Best Performance In A Negative Role]]
|-
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Abhishek Bachchan]] – ''[[Bol Bachchan]]'' as Abbas Ali / Abhishek Bachchan'''
* [[Annu Kapoor]]– ''[[Vicky Donor]]'' as Dr. Baldev Chaddha
* [[Boman Irani]] – ''[[Cocktail (2012 film)|Cocktail]]'' as Randhir "Randy" Kapoor alias Tinku
* [[Chunky Pandey]] – ''[[Housefull 2]]'' as Aakhri Pasta
* [[Paresh Rawal]] – ''[[OMG – Oh My God!]]'' as Kanji Lalji Mehta
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Rishi Kapoor]] – ''[[Agneepath (2012 film)|Agneepath]]'' as Rauf Lala'''
* [[Bipasha Basu]]– ''[[Raaz 3D|Raaz 3]]'' as Shanaya Shekhar
* [[Sanjay Dutt]] – ''Agneepath'' as Kancha Cheena
* [[Saswata Chatterjee]] – ''[[Kahaani]]'' as Bob Biswas
* [[Tigmanshu Dhulia]] – ''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1]]'' as Ramadhir

|-
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Story|Best Story]]
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | Debutant Director
|-
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Anurag Basu]] and Tani Basu – ''[[Barfi!]]'''''
* [[Gauri Shinde]] – ''[[English Vinglish]]''
* [[Juhi Chaturvedi]]– ''[[Vicky Donor]]''
* [[Sanjay Chauhan (screenwriter)|Sanjay Chauhan]], [[Tigmanshu Dhulia]] – ''[[Paan Singh Tomar (film)|Paan Singh Tomar]]''
* [[Zeishan Quadri]] – ''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1]]''
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Gauri Shinde]] – ''[[English Vinglish]]'''''

|}

===Musical awards===
{| class=wikitable style="width=150%"
|-
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Music Director|Best Music Direction]]
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Lyricist|Best Lyrics]]
|-
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Barfi!]]''' – '''[[Pritam Chakraborty]]'''
* ''[[Agneepath (2012 film)|Agneepath]]'' – [[Ajay–Atul]]
* ''[[Cocktail (2012 film)|Cocktail]]'' – Pritam Chakraborty
* ''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1]]'' - [[Sneha Khanwalkar]]
* ''[[Jab Tak Hai Jaan]]'' - [[A.R. Rahman]]
| valign="top" |
* '''"[[Abhi Mujh Mein Kahin]]" from ''[[Agneepath (2012 film)|Agneepath]] – [[Amitabh Bhattacharya]]'''''
* "Aashiyan (Solo)" from [[Barfi!]] – [[Swanand Kirkire]]
* "Jee Le Zaraa" from [[Talaash: The Answer Lies Within]] – [[Javed Akhtar]]
* "Paani Da Rang" from [[Vicky Donor]] – [[Ayushmann Khurrana]], Rochak Kohli
* "Phir Le Aya Dil (Reprise)" from Barfi! – [[Sayeed Quadri]]
* "Saans" from [[Jab Tak Hai Jaan]] – [[Gulzar]]
|-
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Male Playback|Best Male Playback Singer]]
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Female Playback|Best Female Playback Singer]]
|-
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Sonu Nigam]] for "[[Abhi Mujh Mein Kahin]]" – ''[[Agneepath (2012 film)|Agneepath]]'''''
* [[Ajay Gogavale]] for "Deva Shree Ganesha" – Agneepath
* [[Ayushmann Khurrana]] for "[[Pani Da Rang]]" – [[Vicky Donor]]
* [[Mika Singh]] for "[[Pyaar ki Pungi|Pungi]]" – [[Agent Vinod (2012 film)|Agent Vinod]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=SRIVASTAVA |first1=SMITA |title=Zee Cine Awards 2013 nominations announced |language=en-gb |work=Active India |url=http://www.activeindiatv.com/entertainment/2083-zee-cine-awards-2013-nominations-announced}}</ref><ref name="indiainfoline">{{cite news |title=Barfi leads with 15 nominations for IIFA awards 2013!! |language=en |work=indiainfoline.com |url=https://www.indiainfoline.com/article/news/barfi-leads-with-15-nominations-for-iifa-awards-2013-5664829016_1.html |accessdate=22 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Team |first1=Indicine |title=IIFA Awards 2013 to be held in Macau |url=http://www.indicine.com/movies/bollywood/iifa-awards-2013-to-be-held-in-macau/ |accessdate=22 October 2019}}</ref>
* [[Nikhil Paul George]] for "Aashiyan (Solo)" – [[Barfi!]]
* Nikhil Paul George for "Main Kya Karoon" – Barfi!
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Shreya Ghoshal]] for "[[Chikni Chameli]]" – ''[[Agneepath (2012 film)|Agneepath]]'''''
* [[Kavita Seth]] for "Tumhi Ho Bandhu" – [[Cocktail (2012 film)|Cocktail]]
* [[Rekha Bhardwaj]] for "Phir Le Aya Dil" – [[Barfi!]]
* [[Shalmali Kholgade]] for "Pareshaan" – [[Ishaqzaade]]
* Shreya Ghoshal for "Aashiyan" – Barfi!
|-
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | Best Sound Design
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Background Score|Best Background Score]]
|-
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Barfi!]] – ''[[Shajith Koyeri]]'''''
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Barfi!]] – ''Pritam'''''
|}

===Technical awards===
{| class=wikitable style="width=150%"
|-
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Action|Best Action]]
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Special Effects|Best Special Effects]]
|-
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1]] – ''Shyam Kaushal'''''
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Ek Tha Tiger]] – ''Pankaj Khandpur, Sherry Bharda & Vishal Anand — Tata Elxsi'''''
|-
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Choreography|Best Choreography]]
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Cinematography|Best Cinematography]]
|-
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Agneepath (2012 film)|Agneepath]] – ''Ganesh Acharya for "Chikni Chameli"'''''
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Barfi!]] – ''Ravi Varman I.S.C'''''
|-
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Costume Design|Best Costume Design]]
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Dialogue|Best Dialogue]]
|-
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Barfi!]] – ''Aki Narula and Shefalina'''''
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1]] – ''[[Zeishan Quadri]], Akhilesh Jaiswal, Sachin Ladia & [[Anurag Kashyap]]''''' (tie)
* '''[[Vicky Donor]] – ''[[Juhi Chaturvedi]]''''' (tie)
|-
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Editing|Best Editing]]
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Makeup|Best Makeup]]
|-
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Kahaani]] – ''Namrata Rao'''''
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Barfi!]] – ''Uday Serali'''''
|-
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Art Direction|Best Production Design]]
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Screenplay|Best Screenplay]]
|-
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Barfi!]] – ''Rajat Poddar'''''
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Barfi!]] – ''Anurag Basu & Tani Basu'''''
|-
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | Best Sound Mixing
! style="background:#FFC1CC;" ! style="width=50%" | [[IIFA Award for Best Sound Recording|Best Sound Recording]]
|-
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Barfi!]] – ''Debajit Changmai'''''
| valign="top" |
* '''[[Barfi!]] – ''Eric Pillai -Future Sound Of Bombay'''''
|}

===Special Awards===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Category || Recipient(s)
|-
|'''IIFA 2013 [[Macau]] is Dedicated to''' ||'''''[[Yash Chopra]]'''''
|-
|'''Outstanding Contribution to Indian Cinema '''||'''''[[Javed Akhtar]]'''''
|-
|'''Outstanding Achievement by an Indian in International Cinema''' ||'''''[[Anupam Kher]]'''''
|-
|'''Digital Star''' ||'''''[[Shah Rukh Khan|Shahrukh Khan]]'''''
|}

==Superlatives==
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;"
|+Films with multiple nominations
! scope="col" style="width:55px;" |Nominations
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" |Film
|-
| scope="row" style="text-align:center" |13
|''[[Barfi!]]''
|-
| scope="row" style="text-align:center" |9
|''[[Vicky Donor]]''
|-
| rowspan="2" |8
|[[Agneepath (2012 film)|''Agneepath'']]
|-
|''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1]]''
|-
|5
|[[Cocktail (2012 film)|''Cocktail'']]
|-
| rowspan="3" |4
|''[[Jab Tak Hai Jaan]]''
|-
|''[[Kahaani]]''
|-
|[[Paan Singh Tomar (film)|''Paan Singh Tomar'']]
|-
| rowspan="3" |3
|''[[Housefull 2]]''
|-
|''[[OMG – Oh My God!]]''
|-
|''[[Talaash: The Answer Lies Within]]''
|-
| scope="row" style="text-align:center;" |2
|[[Heroine (2012 film)|''Heroine'']]
|}
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;"
|+Films with multiple awards
! scope="col" style="width:55px;" |Awards
! scope="col" style="text-align:center;" |Film
|-
| scope="row" style="text-align:center" |14
|''[[Barfi!]]''
|-
| scope="row" style="text-align:center" |5
|[[Agneepath (2012 film)|''Agneepath'']]
|-
|4
|''[[Vicky Donor]]''
|-
| rowspan="2" scope="row" style="text-align:center;" |2
|''[[Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1]]''
|-
|''[[Kahaani]]''
|}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==

{{IIFA Awards}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:2004 Iifa Awards}}
[[Category:International Indian Film Academy Awards|*]]
[[Category:2013 film awards|Iifa Awards]]
[[Category:2013 Indian film awards]]

Poison (TV series)

2025-10-16T07:50:37Z

AnnettaCastanon: Created new page

{{short description|2019 Indian web series}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Poison (TV series).jpg
| caption = Promotional poster
| genre = {{flatlist|
* Action
* Crime
* Thriller
}}
| runtime = Approx. 31 minutes
| director = Jatin Wagle
| writer = Shiraz Ahmed
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| location = India
| network = [[ZEE5]]
| first_aired = {{Start date|df=y|2019|4|19}}
| last_aired =
| company = Altus Media
| executive_producer =
| producer =
| num_seasons = 2
| num_episodes = 11
| list_episodes =
}}

'''Poison''' is a 2019 Indian [[Hindi-language]] [[Action fiction|action]] [[Crime fiction|crime thriller]] [[web series]] that is streaming on [[ZEE5]]. The 11-episode series is written by Shiraz Ahmed and directed by Jatin Wagle. It stars [[Arbaaz Khan]], [[Riya Sen]], [[Freddy Daruwala]] and [[Tanuj Virwani]]. The series is Arbaaz Khan's digital debut.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-04-06|title=Arbaaz Khan makes digital debut with ZEE5's new show 'Poison'|url=https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/arbaaz-khan-makes-digital-debut-zee5s-new-show-poison-1502743419.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507173529/https://www.thestatesman.com/entertainment/arbaaz-khan-makes-digital-debut-zee5s-new-show-poison-1502743419.html|archive-date=2019-05-07|access-date=2019-05-02|website=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]]|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-04-18|title=Arbaaz Khan returns as the baddie with ZEE5 original 'Poison'|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-arbaaz-khan-returns-as-the-baddie-with-zee5-original-poison-2741096|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190418212857/https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-arbaaz-khan-returns-as-the-baddie-with-zee5-original-poison-2741096|archive-date=2019-04-18|access-date=2019-05-02|website=[[Zee Media Corporation#Newspaper|DNA India]]|language=en}}</ref>

== Synopsis ==
Ranveer (Tanuj Virwani) completes his prison sentence for a crime he did not commit. He sets out to Goa in a quest for revenge. Vikram (Freddy) is a DSP who aspires to become the police commissioner and sets out to nab Antonio Verghese (Arbaaz), a don who operates from Goa. What happens when the lives of these three men entwine with each other forms the crux of the series.

== Cast ==

* [[Tanuj Virwani]] as Ranveer<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-05-02|title=Poison actor Tanuj Virwani: Whatever work I am getting is because of Inside Edge|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/tanuj-virwani-poison-inside-edge-5706750/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502104441/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/tanuj-virwani-poison-inside-edge-5706750/|archive-date=2019-05-02|access-date=2019-05-02|website=[[The Indian Express]]|language=en-IN}}</ref>
* [[Freddy Daruwala]] as DSP Vikram
* [[Arbaaz Khan]] as Antonio Verghese<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-04-23|title=Poison actor Arbaaz Khan: Would love to produce a web series|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/arbaaz-khan-poison-chat-show-pinch-5690473/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423111846/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/web-series/arbaaz-khan-poison-chat-show-pinch-5690473/|archive-date=2019-04-23|access-date=2019-05-02|website=[[The Indian Express]]|language=en-IN}}</ref>
* [[Riya Sen]] as Natasha<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mid-day.com/articles/riya-sen-is-back-on-the-digital-route-with-poison/20778164|title=Riya Sen is back on the digital route with Poison|date=2019-04-21|website=mid-day|language=en|access-date=2019-05-02|archive-date=22 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190422143056/https://www.mid-day.com/articles/riya-sen-is-back-on-the-digital-route-with-poison/20778164|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Pankaj Dheer]] as Barrister D’Costa
* [[Romit Raj]] as Jai Dixit
* [[Archanna Guptaa]] as Megha<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/bollywood/south-sensation-archana-gupta-makes-her-web-series-debut-with-poison-526047|title=South sensation Archana Gupta makes her web series debut with Poison|website=The Hans India|date=2 May 2019|access-date=30 March 2020|archive-date=9 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809174627/https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/bollywood/south-sensation-archana-gupta-makes-her-web-series-debut-with-poison-526047|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Ruhani Sharma]] as Jhanvi<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tellychakkar.com/tv/tv-news/ruhani-sharma-bags-zee5-s-poison-190411|title=Ruhani Sharma bags ZEE5's Poison|website=Telly Chakkar|access-date=30 March 2020|archive-date=19 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819040821/http://www.tellychakkar.com/tv/tv-news/ruhani-sharma-bags-zee5-s-poison-190411|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Pranati Rai Prakash]] as Ashu<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iwmbuzz.com/digital/news-digital/mannphodganj-pranati-rai-prakash-bags-zee5s-series-poison/2019/03/14|title=After Mannphodganj, Pranati Rai Prakash bags ZEE5's series Poison|website=IWMBuzz|date=14 March 2019|access-date=30 March 2020|archive-date=22 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022212046/https://www.iwmbuzz.com/digital/news-digital/mannphodganj-pranati-rai-prakash-bags-zee5s-series-poison/2019/03/14|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Sakshi Pradhan|Saakshi Pradhan]] as Rani<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.spotboye.com/bollywood/news/riya-sen-s-poison-co-star-on-saying-yes-to-bold-scenes-depends-on-story-mein-sex-hai-ya-sex-mein-story/5cbc7b0364a3154dc1eb364c|title=Riya Sen's Poison Co-Star On Saying Yes To Bold Scenes: "Depends On Story Mein Sex Hai Ya Sex Mein Story"|website=www.spotboye.com|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-02|archive-date=2 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502141111/https://www.spotboye.com/bollywood/news/riya-sen-s-poison-co-star-on-saying-yes-to-bold-scenes-depends-on-story-mein-sex-hai-ya-sex-mein-story/5cbc7b0364a3154dc1eb364c|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Gaurav Sharma as Pawan<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iwmbuzz.com/digital/news-digital/gaurav-sharma-joins-cast-zee5-series-poison/2019/03/15|title=Gaurav Sharma joins the cast of ZEE5 series Poison|website=IWMBuzz|date=15 March 2019|access-date=30 March 2020|archive-date=27 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127111255/https://www.iwmbuzz.com/digital/news-digital/gaurav-sharma-joins-cast-zee5-series-poison/2019/03/15|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Bikramjeet Kanwarpal]] as Commissioner<ref>{{Citation |title=Poison (TV Series 2019– ) |website=IMDb |url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt10290114/fullcredits |access-date=2019-07-11 |archive-date=1 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220401182321/https://www.imdb.com/title/tt10290114/fullcredits |url-status=live }}{{unreliable source?|date=May 2020}}</ref>
* Darshan Gokani as Jacob <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.tellychakkar.com/tv/tv-news/darshan-gokani-bags-zee5-s-poison-190416 |title=Darshan Gokani bags ZEE5's Poison |author=Aqsa Akbani Siddiqui |date=16 April 2019 |access-date=19 May 2020 |archive-date=23 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423193440/http://www.tellychakkar.com/tv/tv-news/darshan-gokani-bags-zee5-s-poison-190416 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Faisal Rashid as Inspector

== Production ==
Poison was one of the 72 shows that were announced at ZEE5's first-anniversary event in February 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/zee5-announces-72-originals-across-6-languages-on-first-anniversary-of-streaming-platform-6090801.html|title=ZEE5 announces 72 originals across 6 languages on first anniversary of streaming platform|date=2019-02-15|website=Firstpost|language=en|access-date=2019-05-10|archive-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510161853/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/zee5-announces-72-originals-across-6-languages-on-first-anniversary-of-streaming-platform-6090801.html|url-status=live}}</ref> However, reports about the series’ cast were being made as early as January 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tellychakkar.com/tv/tv-news/raj-zutshi-joins-arbaaz-khan-starrer-zee5-190122|title=Raj Zutshi joins Arbaaz Khan starrer on ZEE5|last=Team|first=Tellychakkar|website=Tellychakkar.com|language=en|access-date=2019-05-10|archive-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510140331/http://www.tellychakkar.com/tv/tv-news/raj-zutshi-joins-arbaaz-khan-starrer-zee5-190122|url-status=live}}</ref> The series marks the second collaboration between Arbaaz Khan and ZEE5, after the webcast of his talk show, Pinch.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.glamsham.com/en/zee5-launches-a-dark-thriller|title=ZEE5 launches a Dark thriller|last=Glamsham|website=Glamsham|language=en|access-date=2019-05-10|archive-date=10 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510141831/https://www.glamsham.com/en/zee5-launches-a-dark-thriller|url-status=live}}</ref> Along with Arbaaz Khan, actor [[Freddy Daruwala]] also makes his digital debut with this series.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.easterneye.biz/freddy-daruwala-to-make-digital-debut-with-a-zee5-original/|title=Freddy Daruwala to make digital debut with a ZEE5 original|last=Singh|first=Mohnish|date=2019-01-21|website=EasternEye|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-05-10}}</ref>

Zee5 announced the second season ''[[Poison 2]]'' which released on 16 October 2020.

== Episodes ==
{{Episode table |background=#295354|overall=10 |season=10 |title=20 |aux1=20 |aux1T=Directed by|aux2=20 |aux2T=Concept & Story|airdate=20 |episodes=

{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 1
|EpisodeNumber2 = 1
|Title = The Hunter's Scent
|DirectedBy = Jatin Wagle
|WrittenBy = Shiraz Ahmed
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2019|04|19}}
|ShortSummary = After his release from jail, Ranveer eliminates one of his enemies and moves to Goa. The Police Commissioner, who is on the verge of retirement, enlists DSP Vikram to nab Antonio Verghese, a notorious don from Goa. Meanwhile, sub-inspector Nandu investigates the murder committed by Ranveer.
|LineColor = 295354
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 2
|EpisodeNumber2 = 2
|Title = The Web
|DirectedBy = Jatin Wagle
|WrittenBy = Shiraz Ahmed
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2019|04|19}}
|ShortSummary = DSP Vikram readies his men to seize Antonio’s drug consignment. Ranveer purchases Cheetos club in Goa and is warned about the local don, Dominic. Meanwhile, Chris misbehaves with Jhanvi at a club before Ranveer comes to her rescue.
|LineColor = 295354
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 3
|EpisodeNumber2 = 3
|Title = Shades
|DirectedBy = Jatin Wagle
|WrittenBy = Shiraz Ahmed
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2019|04|19}}
|ShortSummary = While Vikram leaves for Mumbai to raid Horizon Infra, Ranveer takes advantage of his absence and tries to impress Vikram’s family members. Rani and her gang kill the broker and break into Ranveer’s house. Meanwhile, Natasha and Vikram land up in the same hotel room.
|LineColor = 295354
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 4
|EpisodeNumber2 = 4
|Title = Stalking
|DirectedBy = Jatin Wagle
|WrittenBy = Shiraz Ahmed
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2019|04|19}}
|ShortSummary = Ranveer reaches home and is shocked to see Vishram’s dead body and is threatened by Rani. Following Antonio’s orders, Domini kills Milind’s son. Vikram and Megha arrive for the reopening of Cheetos, now owned by Ranveer.
|LineColor = 295354
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 5
|EpisodeNumber2 = 5
|Title = The Game Begins
|DirectedBy = Jatin Wagle
|WrittenBy = Shiraz Ahmed
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2019|04|19}}
|ShortSummary = At the Cheetos reopening party, Vikram and Megha celebrate their wedding anniversary. Later, Ranveer is threatened by Dominic and blackmailed by Rani. Ranveer secretly clones Vikram’s phone and strikes a deal with Sridhar to betray his boss, Antonio Verghese.
|LineColor = 295354
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 6
|EpisodeNumber2 = 6
|Title = Tit for Tat
|DirectedBy = Jatin Wagle
|WrittenBy = Shiraz Ahmed
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2019|04|19}}
|ShortSummary = While keeping an eye on Vikram’s family, Ranveer sees Jai Dixit and realises that he must do something about him soon. Vikram meets Natasha who gives him a tip about Antonio Verghese. Later, when Ashu, Jhanvi and Ranveer get high, Ashu feels insecure about Jhanvi and Ranveer’s closeness and takes a drastic step.
|LineColor = 295354
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 7
|EpisodeNumber2 = 7
|Title = Confession
|DirectedBy = Jatin Wagle
|WrittenBy = Shiraz Ahmed
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2019|04|19}}
|ShortSummary = While Vikram and Megha worry about Ashu, Jhanvi seeks Ranveer’s help to handle her. Rani continues to blackmail Ranveer and is later attacked at the hotel. Ranveer meets Dominic and shows him the murder video. Later, when Ranveer meets Vikram and his family, Vikram confronts Ranveer about his relationship with his sister and is shocked to know about Ranveer’s past.
|LineColor = 295354
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 8
|EpisodeNumber2 = 8
|Title = The Rift
|DirectedBy = Jatin Wagle
|WrittenBy = Shiraz Ahmed
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2019|04|19}}
|ShortSummary = Vikram asks Patil to find all the information related to Ranveer’s case and forbids his family from meeting Ranveer. The cops find Jai Dixit’s dead body which leads to a face-off between Vikram and Ranveer. With Sridhar’s help, Vikram manages to gather proof and arrest Antonio Verghese. Meanwhile, Rani joins hands with Dominic and Vikram and Megha have an argument over Ranveer.
|LineColor = 295354
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 9
|EpisodeNumber2 = 9
|Title = Blackmail
|DirectedBy = Jatin Wagle
|WrittenBy = Shiraz Ahmed
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2019|04|19}}
|ShortSummary = Ranveer is held captive in his own house and Jhanvi goes in search of him but they meet at a wrong time. When Antonio’s bail gets rejected, Vikram asks Natasha to leave the town, as her life gets complicated with problems. Meanwhile, Ranveer meets Jhanvi and reveals about his past. Natasha calls Megha home where Megha gets the shock of her life.
|LineColor = 295354
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 10
|EpisodeNumber2 = 10
|Title = Trap
|DirectedBy = Jatin Wagle
|WrittenBy = Shiraz Ahmed
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2019|04|19}}
|ShortSummary = Vikram gets furious and slaps Jhanvi for meeting Ranveer. Chris leaves with his gang to kill Ranveer but Rani interferes and stops them. Upset over his bail getting rejected, Verghese gets Vikram framed in a fake corruption case and Megha comes to bail him out. Using this opportunity, Ranveer kidnaps Vikram’s family.
|LineColor = 295354
}}
{{Episode list
|EpisodeNumber = 11
|EpisodeNumber2 = 11
|Title = Face Off
|DirectedBy = Jatin Wagle
|WrittenBy = Shiraz Ahmed
|OriginalAirDate = {{Start date|df=yes|2019|04|19}}
|ShortSummary = Vikram gets furious to know that Ranveer spied on his family and has kidnapped them. Unable to contact his family, Vikram seeks help from the Commissioner. Finally, Ranveer calls Vikram to an isolated guest house where the family is being held captive. Will Vikram manage to save his family?
|LineColor = 295354
}}
}}

== References ==

{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IMDb title|tt10290114}}
*[https://www.zee5.com/zee5originals/details/poison/0-6-1558 Official Website] STREAMING NOW at [[ZEE5]]

[[Category:ZEE5 original programming]]
[[Category:Indian web series]]
[[Category:Hindi-language television shows]]
[[Category:2019 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:Indian LGBTQ-related web series]]

Monsoon trawl ban

2025-10-15T16:28:50Z

AnnettaCastanon: added entry

{{Short description|Fishing ban in India}}
{{Orphan|date=October 2025}}

The '''Monsoon trawl ban''' is a regulatory measure implemented by the [[Indian government]] to protect marine biodiversity, conserve aquatic lives, and support sustainability of livelihood in coastal communities.<ref>{{cite report |author1=Mohamed, K.S. |author2=P. Puthra |author3=Sathianandan, T.V. |author4=Baiju, M.V. |author5=Sairabanu, K.A. |author6=Lethy, K.M. |author7=Sahadevan, P. |author8=Nair, Chandrasekharan |author9=Lailabeevi, M. |author10=Sivaprasad, P.S. |year=2014 |title=Report of the committee to evaluate fish wealth and impact of trawl ban along Kerala coast |institution=Department of Fisheries, Government of Kerala |pages=85}}</ref> Introduced in the 1980s, the ban restricts fishing activities during the [[Monsoon of South Asia]], coinciding with the breeding and [[spawning]] period of many [[Marine life|marine animals]]. With its extensive coastline of over 8,100 kilometres, India has made the [[monsoon]] trawling ban a critical strategy for [[sustainable fishery]] management.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Gunakar, S. |author2=Jadhav, A. |author3=Bhatta, R. |year=2017 |chapter=Protections for Small-Scale Fisheries in India: A Study of India's Monsoon Fishing Ban |editor1=Jentoft, S. |editor2=Chuenpagdee, R. |editor3=Barragán-Paladines, M. |editor4=Franz, N. |title=The Small-Scale Fisheries Guidelines |series=MARE Publication Series |volume=MARE Publication Series, vol 14 |publisher=Springer, Cham |pages=197–211 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-55074-9_14 |isbn=978-3-319-55073-2 }}</ref>

In 2015, the Government of India, for the first time, imposed a uniform fishing ban across all states from June 1 to July 31, restricting all fishing activities using motorised boats beyond 12 nautical miles away from the western coast.<ref>{{cite report |title=Discussion on the decision of the Central Government for total and uniform ban on fishing for 61 days |publisher=Indian Parliament, Lok Sabha |year=2015 |url=https://eparlib.nic.in/bitstream/123456789/750476/1/5543.pdf |access-date=2025-01-11}}</ref> However, states did not support the move, and many defied the ban since fishing is a subject that falls under the state's exclusive jurisdiction as per the Indian Constitution.<ref>{{cite news |author=Philip, Shaju |date=2015-06-02 |title=Kerala defies Centre's trawling ban, allows deep sea fishing |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/kerala-fishing-boat-owners-defy-govt-ban-venture-into-deep-sea-fishing/ |publisher=Indian Express |location=Thiruvananthapuram |access-date=2025-01-11 |quote=Kerala wanted the trawling ban be limited to 47 days, starting on June 14; a demand rejected by the centre.}}</ref>

==Background==

India's coastal regions have long depended on marine fishing, with artisanal fishing practices guided by ecological knowledge and traditional customs. However, the mechanisation of fisheries in the 1960s and 1970s led to [[overfishing]] and significant [[ecological degradation]].<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Balan, K. |author2=Pillai, N. G. |author3=Kurup, B. M. |year=2020 |title=Impact of Monsoon Trawling Ban on Marine Fish Landings in Kerala |journal=Journal of Marine Sciences |volume=45 |issue=3 |pages=321–335 }}</ref> The widespread adoption of [[trawling]] and large-scale [[fishing vessel]] intensified fishing pressures, depleting key [[fish stocks]] and damaging [[marine habitat]].

In response to these challenges, the [[Government of India]] began implementing seasonal fishing bans to allow fish populations to recover during critical breeding periods.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Salagrama, V. |year=2018 |title=Livelihood Impacts of Monsoon Fishing Bans on Indian Coastal Fishers |journal=Development Studies in Fisheries |volume=36 |issue=1 |pages=87–101 }}</ref> The first formal monsoon trawling ban was introduced in the 1980s, with [[Kerala]] pioneering the initiative in 1988. Over time, other coastal states such as [[Karnataka]], Tamil Nadu, and [[Maharashtra]] followed suit, tailoring their bans to local ecological and socio-economic conditions.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Vivekanandan, E. |author2=Krishnakumar, P. K. |year=2019 |title=Seasonal Fishing Bans: A Conservation Strategy for Indian Marine Fisheries |journal=Journal of Environmental Management |volume=38 |issue=2 |pages=99–112 }}</ref>

==Objectives==

The objectives of the trawling ban are:

# [[Marine Conservation]]: Protecting spawning fish and juvenils during their breeding cycles to ensure stock replenishment.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Srinath, M. |author2=Khan, M. Z. |year=2019 |title=Monsoon Fishing Bans and Marine Resource Conservation in India |journal=Journal of Marine Policy |volume=44 |issue=1 |pages=51–66 }}</ref>
# [[Sustainable fishery]]: Stabilising fish stocks so that it can support the viability of fishing. By preventing overfishing during the breeding period, the ban help improve fish resource availability and safeguard the livelihoods of fisherfolk dependent on fishing.
# [[Ecosystem management]]: By stopping fishing by mechanised methods like trawling, which disrupts marine habitats, the ban helps preserve the seabed, coral reefs, and other underwater ecosystems essential for maintaining the productivity of marine life.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Thomas, B. |author2=Kumar, R. |year=2021 |title=Balancing conservation and livelihoods: A review of monsoon fishing bans in Karnataka |journal=Indian Fisheries Policy Journal |volume=30 |issue=2 |pages=120–134}}</ref>

==Implementation and enforcement==

The [[monsoon]] trawling bans are state-specific, with varying durations and enforcement mechanisms. [[Kerala]] enforces a 52-day ban on mechanised trawling in the first half of June.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=George, G. |author2=Thomas, M. |author3=Menon, N. G. |year=2022 |title=Implementation and enforcement of monsoon fishing bans in India |journal=Coastal Management Journal |volume=48 |issue=4 |pages=279–295}}</ref> [[Tamil Nadu]] and [[Karnataka]] implement bans lasting 45 to 61 days, adjusted to local ecological conditions.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=George, G. |author2=Thomas, M. |author3=Menon, N. G. |year=2022 |title=Implementation and enforcement of monsoon fishing bans in India |journal=Coastal Management Journal |volume=48 |issue=4 |pages=279–295}}</ref>

The bans primarily target mechanised trawlers, while [[artisanal fishing]] using traditional, less invasive methods are often granted limited access during the period. Enforcement includes coastal patrolling, monitoring by state fisheries departments, and collaboration with local [[fishermen]] communities. These efforts are aimed at ensuring compliance while addressing [[Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing]] practices.

== References ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Fishing in India]]
[[Category:Nature conservation in India]]
[[Category:Environmental law in India]]
[[Category:Sustainable fishery]]

Prakash Chandra Majhi

2025-09-30T00:08:28Z

AnnettaCastanon: Created stub

{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| office = Member of [[Odisha Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency = [[Jharigam Assembly constituency|Jharigam]]
| term_start = 2019
| term_end = 2024
| profession = Politician
| predecessor = [[Ramesh Chandra Majhi]]
| party = [[Biju Janata Dal]]
| image =
}}
'''Prakash Chandra Majhi''' is an Indian politician from [[Odisha]]. He was a [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Member of the Odisha Legislative Assembly]] from [[2019 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|2019]], representing [[Jharigam Assembly constituency]] as a Member of the [[Biju Janata Dal]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jharigam Lok Sabha Election 2024 Live: Get Jharigam Lok Sabha Election Results and Candidate List |url=https://indianexpress.com/elections/odisha-assembly-election/jharigam-constituency/ |access-date=2024-10-13 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-04 |title=Jharigam Election Result 2024 LIVE Updates Highlights: Assembly Winner, Loser, Leading, Trailing, MLA, Margin |url=https://www.news18.com/elections/jharigam-election-result-2024-live-updates-highlights-assembly-winner-loser-leading-trailing-mla-margin-8916898.html |access-date=2024-10-13 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[2019 Odisha Legislative Assembly election]]
* [[Odisha Legislative Assembly]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Majhi, Prakash Chandra}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Odisha MLAs 2019–2024]]
[[Category:Biju Janata Dal politicians]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

{{Odisha-BJD-politician-stub}}

Verkilambi

2025-08-20T06:40:15Z

AnnettaCastanon: updated details

{{more citations needed|date=June 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Verkilambi
| native_name = Verkilambi
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Town Panchayat
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = 
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Tamil Nadu, India
| coordinates =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name =
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Tamil Nadu]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kanyakumari district|Kanyakumari]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = Democracy
| governing_body = Government of Tamil Nadu
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 =
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = Tamil
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = PIN Code
| postal_code = 629166
| registration_plate =
| website = http://www.townpanchayat.in/verkilambi
| footnotes =
| official_name =
}}
'''Verkilambi''' is an interior rural area the district of Kanyakumari at the state of Tamil Nadu. This is a grade – I Town panchayat spread in a total area of 15.7 Sq. km and consists of 18 wards, represented by 18 councilors. The Executive officer is the administrative head and the elected Chairman is the political head of this Town Panchayat. This was constituted as Kumarankudy Village, Pathmanapapuram MLA Constituency, Nagercoil MP Constituency. The town is located at a distance of 5 km from Ponmanai Town Panchayat on the East, 5 km from Thiruvattar Town Panchayat on the west. 3 km from Kothanalloor Town Panchayat on the South. This town is located along the Kanyakumari, Thiruvananthapuram, National High way and Colachel – Kulasekaram state high way Road through this TP. This TP Constitutes its village component to talking an area of 3.25 Sq. km up graded as town Panchayat

== Manalikkarai ==
Manalikkarai (Formerly Manalikkara) is an old village in the Kothanallur village. It could well be assumed that Manalikkara was the headquarters of the village called Kothanallur.
Muttacaud, Kumarapuram, Chempakaramankonam, Aatukkonam, Pavoorkonam, Marankonam and Mundavilai were all constituents of the grand village of Manalikkara. The location is historically important since a medieval king has proclaimed an announcement that came to be called as Manalikkara Sasanam. One of the Tantri (hereditary high priests of Brahmin community) families of Kerala had lived in this village with there address as 'Manalikkara Matom'. The Krishna temple at Vazhikkalampadu is still known as Manalikkara Azhwar sreekrishna swamy temple. There are thousands of Muslims also living in this village known as Manalikarai Muslim jamaath and a mosque is situated in Manalikarai.
There are two Catholic churches and one The Salvation Army Church located in Manalikarai. Manalikarai is a village situated at a distance of 10 kilometers from the town [[Thuckalay]] and 10 kilometers from the town [[Marthandam]].

Manalikarai is a rural town in the district of Kanyakumari and has a number of educational institutions. One such educational institution is St.Mary Goretty Higher Secondary School.

St.Mary Goretty higher secondary school is a notable school at state level,{{citation needed|date=July 2018}} and students regularly secure good state level ranking in SSLC exam and go on for further higher education.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}}

Other institutions situated in this place are
1.Carmel nursery and Primary School
2.St. Joseph's Primary School
3.Carmel Girls High School
4.Nirmala Institute of Technology
5.Carmel nursery and primary English school.

A hospital called Carmel Hospital which is more than 30 years old is located here.

Manalikarai market is very famous in olden days.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}}

Route no 13N is connecting this village to the district capital Nagercoil.

== Chemparuthivilai ==

Chemparuthivilai is a small rural town in kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, India. Chemparuthivilai is around 5 km distance from Verkilambi. This village is inhabited by around 3000 Tamil people who are of the Christian faith. A decade ago{{when|date=July 2018}} the whole population was Roman Catholic. However, more and more people are moving away from Roman Catholic religion to other Christian denominations such as The Salvation Army Church and Pentecostal.
There is a primary English medium School (St Antony's primary School) and a Tamil medium middle school in Chemparuthivilai.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiastudychannel.com/schools/11722-R-C-Middle-School-Chemparuthi-Vilai-Kanyakumari.aspx|title=R C Middle School Chemparuthi Vilai, Kanyakumari}}</ref> Child Development Centre (run by The Salvation Army) and Vocational Training Centre (run by The Salvation Army)

== Vazhikalampadu ==

Vallikillampadu is the village next to Chemparuthivilai. This village is inhabited by people who follow Hindu religion. This community has a temple which dates back to the Travancore kings era. They have additionally renovate a new temple called Kaverikadu Sree Dharma Sastha temple in this village near the small river which flows through the edge of this town. In 1982 there was a big fight between Chemparuthivialai and Vallikillambadu inhabitants for religious reasons. However, both communities behave in a much more mature fashion now, living peacefully side by side.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}}. And this also have more temples around the village such Amman Koil, Samundeshwari Temple and small temples too. Govi store is one of the important landmark in the village. The village has another nostalgic hospital, called Kamala Clinic still the people calls Ten rupees hospitalis the other beauty.

.

== Manakkavilai ==

Arulmigu Ambalavanar Thirukkovil is an ancient temple situated in a village called Manakkavilai. The presiding deity of the temple is Lord Shiva. It is believed that there was a samadhi of a great saint whose name is Ambalavanar who lived in this place was located here . This temple is situated 3 kilometers from Verkilambi. The temple was rebuilt in the year 2004 and the festival is organized once in three years.

Poovangapurambu, Kallankuzhi, Mugilankarai, Andamparai, Chithiramcode are some of the villages which surround this place

== Andamparai ==
Andamparai is a small village located near to Manalikarai. Andamparai derives its name from a Rock. There are 2000 people living in the village. One CSI church is located in the village and one The Salvation Army Church located in the Andamparai area where the lower caste peoples were living. This village occupied two pond and surrounded with coconut trees. Major works of the people is rubber tapping, farmer, mason and 40% of the men's are working in gulf countries. 80% of them got education up to school education.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}}

== Maranconam ==
It is a village situated in the midst of four main villages i.e. Mundavilai, Manalikkarai, Mekkamandapam and Chemparuthivilai. It has two C.S.I churches in its area, the Hakkarpuram church and the Maranconam church. It has a Hindu shrine called Chempoosi Kandan Sastha Temple on a hilltop. It belongs to a [[Pushpaka Brahmin]] family of Pavoorkonam. Maranconam also has a The Salvation Army Church at Varukkavilai. The place was part of the greater Manalikkara(i)in olden days. It has around 5 ponds.

The main occupation of the people here is farming, rubber tapping.

There are two buses which moves in and out of this village which connects four important towns in the district.

== Poovangaparambu ==
Poovangaparambu is a small village located near to Manalikarai. Poovangaparambu derives its name from a flower cultivation. There are 1000 people are living in the village. One Sri Samundeeswari Amman temple and Bathirakali amman temple is located in the village. Manalikkara Azhwar sreekrishna swamy temple is 2 km from here. This village occupied one pond called annikulam and surrounded with coconut trees. great saint whose name is Ambalavanar who lived in this place belongs to Poovangaparambu. Major works of the people is rubber tapping, farmer, drivers, there are professional like engineers, lawyer, software professional, teachers, professors living in this village and 90% of them got education up to school education.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{coord|8|17|40|N|77|17|40|E|source:kolossus-itwiki|display=title}}http://www.townpanchayat.in/verkilambi

 

[[Category:Cities and towns in Kanyakumari district]]

Basel Evangelical School, Mangalore

2025-05-07T06:48:20Z

AnnettaCastanon: added info

#REDIRECT [[Basel Evangelical School, Mangaluru]]

{{Redirect category shell|
{{R from move}}
}}

Pooja Sharma Rekha

2025-05-04T19:29:05Z

AnnettaCastanon: Created a biography

{{Short description|Indian transgender role model}}
{{Multiple issues|{{orphan|date=August 2024}}
{{POV|date=August 2024}}}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Pooja Sharma Rekha
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birth_place = Kolkata, India
| occupation = Influencer
| known_for = She looks like Bollywood actress Rekha in her style
}}

'''Pooja Sharma Rekha''' also referred to as "Junior Rekha"<ref name=":14">{{cite web |title=Rekha के नाम से मशहूर हैं लोकल ट्रेनों की Pooja Sharma, जानें वजह |url=https://www.newsnationtv.com/photos/entertainment/pooja-sharma-of-local-trains-is-popularly-known-as-rekha-2940.html |website=News Nation |access-date=28 April 2024}}</ref> due to her resemblance to Bollywood actress Rekha in both style and appearance,<ref name=":14"/><ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=Yes, She is different by winning the hearts of many with her optimistic smile : Pooja sharma Rekha |url=https://intoamillion.com/2024/02/29/yes-she-is-different-by-winning-the-hearts-of-many-with-her-optimistic-smile-pooja-sharma-rekha/#:~:text=She%20is%20the%20brand%20ambassador,%2C%20events%2C%20and%20Instagram%20personalities. |website=intoamillion | date=29 February 2024 |access-date=28 April 2024}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite web |title=Meet Pooja Sharma Rekha, The Transgender Dancing Queen |url=https://theglobalhues.com/meet-pooja-sharma-rekha-the-transgender-dancing-queen/ |website=The Global Hues |date=12 November 2022 |access-date=28 April 2024}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite web |title=Mumbai's local train sensation Pooja Sharma Rekha is a force to reckon with |url=https://www.socialnationnow.com/mumbais-local-train-sensation-pooja-sharma-rekha-is-a-force-to-reckon-with |website=Social Nation |date=27 April 2022 |access-date=28 April 2024}}</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8DkHDrXxZWk Brut India - Meet Pooja Sharma: The Rekha Of Mumbai Local][https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Ax4957zUY0 Josh Talks - How Mumbai Locals Made Me Rekha Maa | Pooja Sharma | LGBTQ India | Josh Talks]</ref><ref name=":5">{{cite web |title=Pooja Sharma Rekha TRANSGENDER OF MUMBAI |url=https://www.indiaspeakersbureau.in/speakers/pooja-sharma-rekha/ |website=ISB |date=2 March 2023 |access-date=28 April 2024}}</ref> is an Indian influencer.

After relocating to Mumbai, Pooja initially explored different ways to support herself, including seeking alms. However, she later found her calling entertaining passengers on local trains with her dancing skills and blessings, earning the affectionate nickname "Junior Rekha".<ref name=":1"/>

Despite her rising fame, Pooja faced societal prejudice and a lack of acceptance, enduring ridicule and derogatory remarks.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":6">{{cite web |title=Pooja Sharma Rekha respond to Bigg Boss 18 |url=https://www.timesnownews.com/videos/entertainment/tv/interviews/pooja-sharma-rekha-respond-to-bigg-boss-18-offer-says-jaldi-pata-chal-jaaega-video-108144231 |website=Times Now |date=March 2024 |access-date=28 April 2024}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{cite web |title=This Transwoman From Mumbai Who Dresses Up As Rekha Is Now An Internet Sensation |url=https://www.mensxp.com/entertainment/bollywood/86048-transwoman-pooja-sharma-is-now-an-internet-sensation.html |website=Mens Xp |date=March 2021 |access-date=28 April 2024}}</ref><ref name=":9">{{cite web |title=कौन हैं मुंबई लोकल की 'Rekha' Pooja Sharma? जिन्हें देखते ही लोग कर बैठते हैं प्यार |url=https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/entertainment/bollywood/know-about-kinnar-pooja-sharma-who-is-compared-to-actress-rekha/892668 |website=Zee News |access-date=28 April 2024}}</ref><ref name=":11">{{cite web |title=I Dance in Mumbai Local Trains – Pooja Sharma 'Rekha' |url=https://www.afternoonvoice.com/i-dance-in-mumbai-local-trains-pooja-sharma-rekha.html |website=Afternoon Voice |access-date=28 April 2024}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{cite web |title=The dancing girl of the Ladies' Special Mumbai Local |url=https://lifeandmore.in/life-style/art-artists/transgender-dancer-pooja-sharma/ |website=Life And More |date=11 September 2021 |access-date=28 April 2024}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rekha, Pooja Sharma}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Indian transgender women]]

{{India-bio-stub}}

Krishi Unnati Mela

2025-03-29T18:45:51Z

AnnettaCastanon: fix lead per sources

{{Short description|2016 Indian political event}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2016}}

'''Krishi Unnati Mela''' is a three-day event launched by [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Narendra Modi]] on 19 March 2016 in Delhi. The fair was to create awareness among farmers about the latest agriculture-related technological developments.

During the event the Prime Minister Narendra Modi also unveiled a portal on organic farming and laid the foundation stone commencing the development of 25 Krishi Vigyan Kendras. A themed pavilion on the doubling of farmers' income; organic farming, farming co-operatives, and farm inputs, was also present to further expose local farmers to the latest developments in farming techniques at the time.

==About==
Krishi Unnati Mela is a three-day event launched by [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Narendra Modi]] on 19 March 2016 in Pusa campus of [[Indian Agricultural Research Institute]] (IARI), Delhi. The event was launched to provide information on new farm schemes and technologies that will help farmers double their incomes within the next few years.<ref>{{citation |title=Modi to inaugurate Krishi Unnati Mela tomorrow |url=http://wap.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/pm-to-inaugurate-krishi-unnati-mela-tomorrow-116031800679_1.html |work=[[Business Standard]] |date=18 March 2016 }}</ref>

Seminars focusing on the newly launched programmes like [[Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sichai Yojana]], [[Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana]], [[Soil Health Card Scheme]] and [[organic farming]] were held. The fair was conceived and initiated in 1972.<ref>{{citation |title=PM Narendra Modi to inaugurate 'Krishi Unnati Mela' at Pusa campus on March 19 |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2016-03-06/news/71246639_1_progressive-farmers-one-lakh-farmers-march-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160319151701/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2016-03-06/news/71246639_1_progressive-farmers-one-lakh-farmers-march-19 |url-status=dead |archive-date=19 March 2016 |work=[[The Economic Times]] |date=6 March 2016 }}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Agriculture in India]]
[[Category:Modi administration initiatives]]

{{India-agri-stub}}

Pari Hoon Main

2025-03-06T07:46:53Z

AnnettaCastanon:

{{short description|Indian television series}}
{{About|TV series|the Hindi song performed by Suneeta Rao|[[Suneeta Rao#Discography|Dhuan]]}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2017}}
{{Infobox television
| image =
| caption =
| genre = [[Television drama|Drama]]
| writer =
| director =
| creative_director =
| starring = [[Rashami Desai]] [[Mohit Malik]] [[Karan Veer Mehra]]
| theme_music_composer =
| opentheme = ''Pari Hoon Main''
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 132
| executive_producer =
| producer =
| editor =
| camera = [[Multi-camera]]
| runtime = Approx. 24 minutes
| company = B R films
| channel = [[STAR One]]
| first_aired = {{start date|df=y|2008|1|28}}
| last_aired = {{end date|df=y|2008|9|11}}
}}

'''''Pari Hoon Main''''' ({{Translation|''I Am a Fairy''}}) is an Indian television series that premiered on 28 January 2008 on [[STAR One]] featuring [[Rashami Desai]], [[Mohit Malik]] and [[Karan Veer Mehra]] in the lead roles.<ref>{{cite web|title=pari hoon main|url=http://www.tellychakkar.com/tag/pari-hoon-main|publisher=tellychakkar.com|accessdate=14 April 2013}}</ref>

==Plot==
The story revolves around an ordinary girl named Nikki who lives with her aggressive uncle and aunt. Nikki bumps into the house of a famous film actress Pari, her doppelganger whose family is unaware of the incident. Nikki goes through the chaotic phenomenon soon after replacing the film star and lives under latter's image. Pari's boyfriend Rajveer ([[Mohit Malik]]) who's also a superstar, falls in love with Nikki, meanwhile the real Pari is comatose after an accident. Nikki who also falls for Rajveer, manages to carry on with her complicated lifestyle until Pari recovers consciousness and attempts reaching out to her family.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/entertainment/diamond-damsel/cid/603174|title=Diamond damsel|website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref>

==Cast==
* [[Rashami Desai]] as Nikki Shrivastav and Pari Rai Choudhary (look-alikes)
* [[Mohit Malik]] as Rajveer Kapoor
* [[Karan Veer Mehra]] as Karan Mehra
* [[Upasana Singh]] as Manorama
* [[Adi Irani]] as Nikki’s Uncle
* [[Jhumma Mitra]] as Sarita (Nikki’s best friend)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Star One (Indian TV channel) original programming]]
[[Category:Indian drama television series]]
[[Category:2008 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:2008 Indian television series endings]]

Kalna Polytechnic

2025-01-09T06:37:29Z

AnnettaCastanon:

{{Short description|College in West Bengal}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
[[File:Kalna Polytechnic Institute as viewed from the front gate..jpg|alt=This is Kalna Polytechnic Institute as viewed from the front gate.|thumb|Kalna Polytechnic Institute as viewed from the front gate]]
{{Infobox university
| name = Kalna Polytechnic
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image =
| image_upright =
| image_alt =
| caption =
| latin_name =
| other_name = 
| former_name =
| motto =
| motto_lang =
| mottoeng =
| top_free_label =
| top_free =
| type = Polytechnic college
| established = {{start date and age|2002}}
| closed = 
| founder =
| parent =
| affiliation = [[West Bengal State Council of Technical and Vocational Education and Skill Development]]
| religious_affiliation =
| academic_affiliation =
| endowment =
| budget =
| officer_in_charge =
| chairman =
| chairperson =
| chancellor =
| president =
| vice-president =
| superintendent =
| vice_chancellor =
| provost =
| rector =
| principal =
| director =
| dean =
| head_label = Teacher-in-Charge
| head =
| academic_staff =
| administrative_staff =
| students =
| undergrad =
| postgrad =
| doctoral =
| other =
| address =
| city = [[Kalna, India|Kalna]]
| state = [[West Bengal]]
| province =
| country = [[India]]
| postcode = 713409
| coordinates = {{coord|23.2309941|N|88.3472163|E|region:IN-WB_type:edu|display=title,inline}}
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India
| campus = [[urban area|Urban]]
| language = Bengali, English
| free_label = Approvals
| free = [[AICTE]]
| free_label2 =
| free2 =
| colors = 
| athletics =
| sports =
| athletics_nickname = 
| sporting_affiliations =
| mascot = 
| sports_free_label =
| sports_free =
| sports_free_label2 =
| sports_free2 =
| website = https://polytechnic.wbtetsd.gov.in/kalnapoly
| logo =
| logo_size = 150px
| logo_alt =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Kalna Polytechnic''', established in 2002, is a government polytechnic college located in [[Kalna, India|Kalna]], [[Purba Bardhaman district]], [[West Bengal]].

==About college==
This polytechnic is affiliated to the West Bengal State Council of Technical Education (WBSCTE),<ref>{{cite web |title=Affiliated Polytechnic with the West Bengal State Council of Technical Education |url=http://wbscte.net/info/list-of-politichnic.html |access-date=8 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170627082310/http://wbscte.net/info/list-of-politichnic.html |archive-date=27 June 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and is recognised by the All India Council ForTechnical Education (AICTE), New Delhi. This polytechnic offers diploma courses in Computer Science & Technology (DCST), Electronics & Telecommunication (DETC) and Civil Engineering (DCE). It also has on site hostels for girls only. There are various facilities provided to the students like a playing field, lab equipment's, well maintained computer lab's, etc.

==See also==
{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
*[[List of institutions of higher education in West Bengal]]
*[[Education in India]]
*[[Education in West Bengal]]
*[[All India Council for Technical Education]]
}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20080303003739/http://www.webscte.org/ Official website WBSCTE]}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304035806/http://wbtet.nic.in/jexpo_06_ad.htm Admission to Polytechnics in West Bengal for Academic Session 2006-2007]

{{WBSCTE}}

[[Category:Universities and colleges in Purba Bardhaman district]]
[[Category:Educational institutions established in 2002]]
[[Category:2002 establishments in West Bengal]]
[[Category:Technical universities and colleges in West Bengal]]

{{WestBengal-university-stub}}

Agadam Bagdam Tigdam

2024-06-13T12:42:46Z

AnnettaCastanon: small improve content for accuracy and updated info

#REDIRECT [[My Parents Are Aliens]]