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Neelam Gill

2023-09-08T19:43:56Z

AngelicaWieck66: new article

{{Short description|British fashion model (born 1995)}}
{{Use dmy dates}}
{{Infobox model
| name = Neelam Gill
| image = Neelam Gill 2015.jpg
| caption = Gill in 2015
| birth_name = Neelam Johal<ref name="The Independent 2014"/><ref name="Neelam Instagram">{{cite web | title=Instagram: Neelam Gill| quote=Before people start asking why I have changed my second name from Johal to Gill, I thought it was better for me to explain. My parents divorced when I was young, and I have no contact with my biological father. The man in the picture is my 'stepdad' but in my heart he is my real Dad because he has been the one who has raised me and loved me like no other. He is truly one in a million and I've been meaning to change my last name for a long time because I'm proud to be his daughter. | website=Instagram | date=16 January 2014 | url=https://www.instagram.com/p/jPWyUFHbHa/ | access-date=3 May 2016}}</ref>
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1995|4|27}}
| birth_place = [[Coventry]], United Kingdom<ref name="Models.com 2013">{{cite web | title=Model of the Week: Neelam Gill| url=http://models.com/newfaces/modeloftheweek/31565 | website=Models.com | date=27 September 2013 | access-date=7 October 2015}}</ref>
| occupation = {{flat list|
* Fashion model
}}
| years_active = 2011–present
| height = 5 ft 10 in<ref name="Models.com 2013"/>
| haircolor = Brown
| eyecolor = Brown
| relatives =
| agency = {{Plainlist|
* [[Creative Artists Agency|CAA]] (New York)
* IMM Bruxelles (Brussels)
* Le Management (Copenhagen)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://models.com/models/neelam-gill|title=Neelam Gill – Model|website=Models.com}}</ref> }}
}}
'''Neelam Kaur Gill''' (born 27 April 1995) is a British fashion model. She has worked with [[Burberry]], [[Abercrombie & Fitch]] and appeared in ''[[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]''.

==Personal life==
Neelam Kaur Gill was born in [[Coventry]], [[West Midlands (county)|West Midlands]], [[England]] on 27 April 1995 and resides in [[London]] as of 2014.<ref name="Vogue India 2014"/><ref name="FRUK 2014">{{cite web | title=Neelam Gill First Ever Sikh Model | website=FRUK | date=5 May 2014 | url=http://www.frukmagazine.com/neelam-gill-first-ever-sikh-model/ | access-date=7 October 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304132409/http://www.frukmagazine.com/neelam-gill-first-ever-sikh-model/ | archive-date=4 March 2016 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="IBNLive 2015">{{cite web | title=Neelam Gill: Meet British-Indian Burberry model who got even with racist bullies on Twitter | website=IBNLive | date=7 October 2015 | url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/lifestyle/neelam-gill-meet-british-indian-burberry-model-who-got-even-with-racist-bullies-on-twitter-1148110.html | access-date=7 October 2015}}</ref> Her grandparents were born in [[India]] and are [[Sikhs]] from [[Punjab, India|Punjab]].<ref name="Vogue India 2014"/> Gill has spoken about bullying, depression and body confidence issues via her [[YouTube]] channel and also said that she "feels sorry" for [[Internet troll|online trolls]].<ref name="Strang 2015">{{cite web | last=Strang | first=Fay | title=Model Neelam Gill discusses bullying experience with bearded lady | website=mirror | date=5 October 2015 | url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/zayn-maliks-former-love-interest-6578279 | access-date=6 January 2016}}</ref>

==Career==
At the age of fourteen, Gill signed with [[NEXT Model Management]]. She has appeared in ''[[Vogue India]]''.<ref name="Vogue India 2014">{{cite web | title=Neelam Johal's crazy modelling story | website=Vogue India | date=15 January 2014 | url=http://www.vogue.in/content/neelam-johals-crazy-modelling-story/ | access-date=7 October 2015}}</ref> In September 2013, she made her debut on the catwalk for [[Burberry|Burberry’s]] fashion show during [[London Fashion Week]]. In 2014, Gill became the first Indian model featured in a Burberry campaign.<ref name="The Independent 2014">{{cite web | title=Burberry enlists first Indian model Neelam Gill as its new beauty muse | website=The Independent | date=22 August 2014 | url=https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/burberry-enlists-first-indian-model-as-its-new-beauty-muse-9685846.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220618/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/features/burberry-enlists-first-indian-model-as-its-new-beauty-muse-9685846.html |archive-date=18 June 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live | access-date=7 October 2015}}</ref> In November 2015, she became the face of [[Abercrombie & Fitch]].<ref name="Telegraph">{{cite web|first=Olivia|last=Lidbury|title=Meet Neelam Gill, Abercrombie & Fitch's outspoken new British model|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/fashion/people/neelam-gill-abercrombie-fitch-new-star/|website=The Daily Telegraph|date=3 November 2015|access-date=30 November 2015}}</ref> She has walked for [[Kanye West]]'s Fashion Week Show and [[Dior]].<ref name="Lynch 2015">{{cite web | last=Lynch | first=Alison | title=Meet the British-Indian model who's changing the face of Abercrombie & Fitch | website=Metro | date=5 November 2015 | url=http://metro.co.uk/2015/11/05/meet-the-british-indian-model-whos-changing-the-face-of-abercrombie-fitch-5481472/ | access-date=6 January 2016}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==

*{{Vine}}

{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gill, Neelam}}

[[Category:British Sikhs]]
[[Category:British people of Indian descent]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1995 births]]
[[Category:British female models]]
[[Category:People from Coventry]]

Ka R Deva

2023-07-18T03:53:42Z

AngelicaWieck66:

{{Infobox film
| image = Ka R Deva Marathi film.jpg
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = Ranjit Dashrath Jadhav
| writer = Ranjit Dashrath Jadhav
| producer = Prasad Shingate
| starring = {{plainlist|
*[[Monalisa Bagal]]
*Mayur Lad
}}
| cinematography = Ansaar Khan
| editing = Yash Surve
| music = Sandeep Bhure
| studio = Sahyadri Film Production
| distributor = Sunshine Studios
| released = 11 February 2022
| runtime = 124 minutes
| country = India
| language = Marathi
}}'''''Ka R Deva''''' is a 2022 Indian [[Marathi language|Marathi]]-language [[Romance film|romantic drama]] film directed by Rajit Dasharath Jadhav and produced Sahyadri Film Production, featuring [[Monalisa Bagal]], Mayur Lad, Jaywant Wadkar, [[Arun Nalawade]] and [[Nagesh Bhosale]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ka R Deva 2023 watch online OTT Streaming of movie on Amazon Prime Video |url=https://www.ottplay.com/movie/ka-r-deva-2023/ba610fcc9d948 |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=OTTPlay |language=en}}</ref> The film was theatrically released on 11 February 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ka R Deva |url=https://spicyonion.com/title/ka-r-deva-marathi-movie/ |access-date=2023-07-18 |website=Spicyonion.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Plot ==
Om and Jaanvi fall in love, but because of their different backgrounds, Jaanvi's family breaks off their relationship. Now, Om and Jhanvi must overcome the challenge of parental opposition.

== Cast ==

* [[Monalisa Bagal]] as Janhavi
* Mayur Lad as Om
* Jaywant Wadkar
* [[Arun Nalawade]]
* [[Nagesh Bhosale]] as Sampatrao

== Release ==

=== Theatrical ===
''Ka R Deva'' was theatrically released on 11 February 2022.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Ka R DevaU |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/marathi/movie-details/ka-r-deva/movieshow/89481935.cms |access-date=2023-07-05 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

=== Home media ===
The film is available on [[Amazon Prime Video]] and released on 19 January 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ka R Deva on Amazon |url=https://www.binged.com/streaming-premiere-dates/ka-r-deva-streaming-online-watch/ |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=Binged |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Reception ==

=== Critical reception ===
Preeti Atulkar of [[The Times of India]] rates 2.0/5 and reviewed as "The film's story is based on the cliched formula of the rich girl-poor boy romance. Director Ranjit Jadhav has tried to make it a hard hitting tale, but it becomes a failed attempt."<ref>{{Cite news |title=Ka R Deva Movie Review : Ka R Deva is an average entertainer |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/marathi/movie-reviews/ka-r-deva/movie-review/89507478.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2023-07-05 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

==Music==
{{Infobox album
| name = Ka R Deva
| type = soundtrack
| artist = Sandeep Bhure
| released = 2022
| genre = [[Feature film soundtrack]]
| length = {{Duration|m=21|s=48}}
| language = Marathi
| label = [[Zee Music Company]]
| misc = {{external music video| header = Official audio
|{{YouTube|4N-hlDQz33E|Ka R Deva - Full Album}}
}}
}}
{{Track listing
| all_music = Sandeep Bhure
| headline = Track listing
| extra_column = Singer (s)
| title1 = Waju De Dj Dankyat
| length1 = 3:15
| extra1 = Anand Shinde
| title2 = Mana Madhe Man Guntla
| length2 = 2:32
| extra2 = Madhur Shinde, Supriya Sorte
| title3 = Durava Nako Deau
| length3 = 2:37
| extra3 = Neha Rajpal
| title4 = Ka R Deva
| length4 = 3:42
| extra4 = [[Adarsh Shinde]]
| total_length = 21:48
}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

* {{IMDb title|id=17162272}}
* ''[https://www.primevideo.com/detail/Ka-R-Deva/0TMDPLJ4Y5SZOB2SGGB22WMZ64 Ka R Deva]'' at [[Amazon Prime Video]]
[[Category:2022 films]]
[[Category:Indian romance films]]
[[Category:Indian romantic drama films]]
[[Category:2020s romantic drama films]]
[[Category:2020s romance films]]

Trishaan Sarkar

2023-07-10T14:24:21Z

AngelicaWieck66: Added a new entry to the site.

{{Infobox person
| name = Trishaan Sarkar
| occupation = Actor, Casting Director
}}

'''Trishaan Sarkar''' is an [[India|Indian]] [[actor]] and [[Casting (performing arts)|casting director]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=admin |title=Trishaan Sarkar : Acting & Casting |url=http://www.ftiipeople.com/trishaan-sarkar-acting-casting/ |access-date=2023-07-08 |website=FTII People |language=en-US}}</ref> He acted in Indian films including [[Shershaah]] <ref>{{Citation |title=Shershaah (2021) - IMDb |url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt10295212/fullcredits |access-date=2023-07-08}}</ref> and [[Gold (2018 film)|Gold]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Gold: Lakshya Kochhar and Trishaan recite their experiences with the movie |url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/entertainment/bollywood/140818/gold-lakshya-kochhar-trishaan-recite-their-experiences-with-movie.html}}</ref> alongside actors such as [[Akshay Kumar]], [[Sidharth Malhotra]] and [[Amitabh Bachchan]]. As a casting director, he is known for notable films including [[Ludo (film)|Ludo]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Interview: Ludo's casting directors Shubham Gaur and Trishaan on putting together the ensemble |url=https://www.indulgexpress.com/entertainment/cinema/2020/dec/04/interview-ludos-casting-directors-shubham-gaur-and-trishaan-tells-us-how-they-put-together-the-ens-30024.html |access-date=2023-07-08 |website=www.indulgexpress.com |language=en}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web |title=Ludo's Casting Directors Offer a Guide to Pass Auditions with Flying Colours |url=https://www.news18.com/news/movies/ludos-casting-directors-offer-a-guide-to-pass-auditions-with-flying-colours-3130154.html |access-date=2023-07-08 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref> directed by [[Anurag Basu]], [[Hotel Mumbai]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Hotel Mumbai - Screenwest |url=https://www.screenwest.com.au/made-in-wa/production-highlights/hotel-mumbai/,%20https://www.screenwest.com.au/made-in-wa/production-highlights/hotel-mumbai/ |access-date=2023-07-08 |language=en-AU}}</ref> directed by [[Anthony Maras]], and [[Chaman Bahaar]] <ref>{{Cite web |title=Chaman Bahar: Latest News, Videos and Photos on Chaman Bahar |url=https://www.iwmbuzz.com/tag/chaman-bahar |access-date=2023-07-08 |website=IWMBuzz |language=en-US}}</ref> directed by Apurva Dhar Badgaiyann, and web series [[Special OPS]] <ref>{{Cite web |last=Pivhal |first=Navin |title=Choosing the right cast! |url=https://www.thehansindia.com/cinema/choosing-the-right-cast-633082 |access-date=2023-07-08 |website=www.thehansindia.com |language=en}}</ref> directed by [[Neeraj Pandey]] and [[Shivam Nair]] and [[Four More Shots Please!]] <ref>{{Citation |title=Four More Shots Please (TV Series 2019–2022) - IMDb |url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt8242548/fullcredits |access-date=2023-07-08}}</ref> directed by [[Anu Menon]], [[Nupur Asthana]] and Joyeeta Patpatia.

== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Indian male film actors]]
[[Category:Casting directors]]

Green Park Stadium

2023-03-26T12:13:43Z

AngelicaWieck66: + navbox

{{short description|Cricket stadium}}
{{Cleanup|date=November 2021|reason=The article needs cleanup for duplicate info, spelling mistakes and incorrect grammar.}}{{Use Indian English|date=March 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}
{{Infobox cricket ground
| ground_name = Green Park Cricket Stadium
| image = Green Park International Stadium Kanpur.jpg
| caption = Aerial view of Green Park Stadium
| country = India
| location = [[Kanpur]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]
| coordinates = {{coord|26|28|55|N|80|20|52|E|type:landmark|display=it}}
| establishment = 1945
| seating_capacity = 32,000<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kanpurnagar.nic.in/tourist-place/green-park/|title = Green Park | District Kanpur Nagar, Government of Uttar Pradesh | India}}</ref>
| record attendance = 39,000<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kanpurnagar.nic.in/tourist-place/green-park/|title = Green Park | District Kanpur Nagar, Government of Uttar Pradesh | India}}</ref>
| owner = [[Uttar Pradesh Cricket Association|UPCA]]

| construction agency = U.P. Housing & Development Board

| operator = [[Uttar Pradesh Cricket Association|UPCA]]
| end1 = Media End
| end2 = River End
| tenants = [[Uttar Pradesh cricket team]] [[India national cricket team]] [[Gujarat Lions]] (''defunct'')
| international = true
| firsttestdate = 12–14 January
| firsttestyear = 1952
| firsttesthome = India
| firsttestaway = England
| lasttestdate = 25–29 November
| lasttestyear = 2021
| lasttesthome = India
| lasttestaway = New Zealand
| firstodidate = 24 December
| firstodiyear = 1986
| firstodihome = India
| firstodiaway = Sri Lanka
| lastodidate = 29 October
| lastodiyear = 2017
| lastodihome = India
| lastodiaway = New Zealand
| onlyt20idate = 26 January
| onlyt20iyear = 2017
| onlyt20ihome = India
| onlyt20iaway = England
| lastt20idate =
| lastt20iyear =
| lastt20ihome =
| lastt20iaway =
| year1 = 2009 – Present
| club1 = [[Uttar Pradesh Cricket Team]]
| year2 = 2009-Present
| club2 = [[India national cricket team]]
| date = 25 November
| year = 2021
| source = http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/ground/58204.html ESPNcricinfo
|club3=[[Gujarat Lions]] (''defunct'')|year3=2016-2017}}

'''Green Park Stadium''' is an international standards cricket stadium of [[Kanpur]], India. Its seating capacity is 32,000 seats.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://kanpurnagar.nic.in/tourist-place/green-park/|title = Green Park | District Kanpur Nagar, Government of Uttar Pradesh | India}}</ref> It is the home ground of [[Uttar Pradesh cricket team]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://matchpredictions.in/green-park-kanpur-tickets-prediction-highlights-schedule/ |title=Green Park Kanpur Tickets Prediction Highlights Schedule |access-date=7 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171206144015/http://matchpredictions.in/green-park-kanpur-tickets-prediction-highlights-schedule/ |archive-date=6 December 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

This arena is an International [[Test cricket|Test]] match venue. Green Park is under the control of the Sports Department Uttar Pradesh. It has hosted international cricket matches in both of Test and ODI format. The stadium hosted the 500th test played by the Indian team. It also organized four Vivo [[Indian Premier League|IPL]] matches, on 19 and 21 May 2016 and on 10 and 13 May 2017.

As of 19 August 2017 it has hosted 22 Tests, 14 [[One Day International|ODIs]] and 1 [[Twenty20 International|T20I]]. It is situated near the river [[Ganga river|Ganga]].

The stadium was named after a British woman named Green who used to go horse riding there, and is nicknamed 'Billiards Table',<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://m.jagran.com/local/uttar-pradesh_kanpur-city-news-hindi.html|title = Kanpur News (कानपुर समाचार):Kanpur News Paper, Kanpur Samachar|language=hi}}</ref> and also 'Woolmer's turf', after the late cricket coach and player [[Bob Woolmer]] who was born in McRobert Hospital opposite to the stadium.

==History==
The Green Park Stadium is named after a woman named Green who used to practice horse riding here in the 1940s. It is located in the Civil Lines area in the north east part of Kanpur city near the banks of the river Ganga, which flows just behind the stadium.

It is the only stadium in India where a student gallery is available. Green Park has the largest manually operated scoreboard in the world. It also has video screens that are used during international matches.

India's first Test win over Australia in December 1959 was at the Green Park ground. This was also the first match to be played on a turf wicket here.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/cricket/2008/apr/10biks.htm|title = Green Park gave India its first win over Australia}}</ref>

Since 1957 India has lost only twice at Kanpur, both times to the [[West Indies cricket team|West Indies]], in 1958 and again in 1983.

==Infrastructure==
[[File:Kanpur pitch.jpg|thumb|250px|left|The pitch of Green Park Stadium]]
The ends are known as the Mill Pavilion End and the Hostel End. These are named after the Elgin Mill and [[DAV College, Kanpur|DAV College]] which are close to the stadium.{{Citation needed paragraph|date=November 2021}}

Lakshmi (Gulee) is the head of Women Cricket Division.

==Records==
* The ground hosted one [[1987 Cricket World Cup Group B]] match, West Indies vs [[Sri Lanka national cricket team|Sri Lanka]].
* It hosted one [[Nehru Cup (cricket)|Nehru Cup 1989]] match, England vs India.
* It hosted the opening match of [[1993 Hero Cup]], Sri Lanka vs India.
* It hosted one [[Wills world series 1994–95]] match, West Indies vs India.
* India registered their 100th Test victory here by defeating Sri Lanka by an innings and 144 runs
* It hosted India's 500th test match in September 2016, in which India beat [[New Zealand national cricket team|New Zealand]] by 197 runs.
* [[Sourav Ganguly]] got 5 wickets vs [[Zimbabwe national cricket team|Zimbabwe]] in 2000.
* It also hosted England in January 2002 which India won easily. Also turned out to be the only match of Anil Kumble as captain.
* It hosted its first [[Day/night cricket|day/night]] ODI on 29 October 2017 between India and New Zealand and India won this match by six runs.
* The highest team total in ODI in this stadium is 337/7 by India on 29 October 2017 vs New Zealand.
* [[Rohit Sharma]] is only the batsman who scored two centuries in ODI in this ground.
* [[Shreyas Iyer]] scored a century in the first innings and a half-century in the second innings in his debut test match against New Zealand in November 2021.

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="140">
File:Kanpur green park.jpg|Kanpur's green park stadium between a Day-Night cricket match
File:Green Park Stadium during an IPL match (1).jpg|Green Park Stadium during Gujarat Lions vs Mumbai Indians IPL match
File:Green Park Stadium during an IPL match (2).jpg|Green Park Stadium during Gujarat Lions vs Mumbai Indians IPL match
File:England Vs India T20 match practice session at Green Park Stadium.jpg|England Vs India T20 match practice session at Green Park Stadium
File:England Vs India T20 match at Green Park Stadium (2).jpg|England Vs India T20 match at Green Park Stadium
File:Mahendra Shukla - Green Park.jpg|Mahendra Shukla, former Indian first-class cricketer at Green Park Stadium
File:Green Park Stadium Kanpur.jpg|Green Park Stadium in 2002
</gallery>

==See also==

* [[BRSABV Ekana Cricket Stadium]]
* [[List of international cricket centuries at the Green Park Stadium]]
* [[List of Test cricket grounds]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Kanpur|state=expanded}}
{{List of cricket grounds in India}}
{{Test cricket grounds in India}}
{{List of Cricket Stadiums in Uttar Pradesh}}

[[Category:Sports venues in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Multi-purpose stadiums in India]]
[[Category:Test cricket grounds in India]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Kanpur]]
[[Category:1987 Cricket World Cup stadiums]]
[[Category:1996 Cricket World Cup stadiums]]
[[Category:Sport in Kanpur]]
[[Category:1945 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Sports venues completed in 1945]]
[[Category:20th-century architecture in India]]

Shaheed Vijay Singh Pathik Sports Complex

2023-03-26T12:11:50Z

AngelicaWieck66: + navbox

{{short description|Cricket stadium}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Infobox cricket ground
| ground_name = Shaheed Vijay Singh Pathik Sports Complex
| other_names = Greater Noida Sports Complex Ground
| image =
| caption = Saheed Vijay Singh Pathik Stadium [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| country = India
| location = [[Greater Noida]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| coordinates = {{coord|28.470467|N|77.519936|E|display=inline,title|type:landmark_region:IN}}
| establishment = 2013
| seating_capacity = 8,000 <ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/cricket/news/Officials-from-ICC-and-BCCI-inspect-Greater-Noida-stadium/articleshow/55967311.cms|title=Greater Noida stadium inspected by ICC and BCCI officials|publisher=Times of India}}</ref>
| owner = [[Greater Noida Industrial Development Authority]]
| operator = [[Greater Noida Industrial Development Authority]]
| tenants = [[Afghanistan national cricket team]]
| end1 = Far End
| end2 = Pavilion End
| international = true
| firsttestdate =
| firsttestyear =
| firsttesthome =
| firsttestaway =
| lasttestdate =
| lasttestyear =
| lasttesthome =
| lasttestaway =
| firstodidate = 15 March
| firstodiyear = 2017
| firstodihome = Afghanistan
| firstodihomevar = 2013
| firstodiaway = Ireland
| lastodidate = 24 March
| lastodiyear = 2017
| lastodihome = Afghanistan
| lastodihomevar = 2013
| lastodiaway = Ireland
| firstt20idate = 8 March
| firstt20iyear = 2017
| firstt20ihome = Afghanistan
| firstt20ihomevar = 2013
| firstt20iaway = Ireland
| lastt20idate = 10 March
| lastt20iyear = 2020
| lastt20ihome = Afghanistan
| lastt20ihomevar = 2013
| lastt20iaway = Ireland
| year1 = 2015-2020
| club1 = [[Afghanistan national cricket team]]
| date = 10 March
| year = 2020
| source = http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/ground/942501.html ESPNcricinfo
}}

The '''Shaheed Vijay Singh Pathik Sports Complex''' or '''Greater Noida Sports Complex Ground''' is a cricket and association football stadium in [[Greater Noida]], [[India]], and it was the home ground of the [[Afghanistan national cricket team]]. In 2017, it lost its status to hold any [[Board of Control for Cricket in India]] (BCCI) conducted matches after staging a private league which was not permitted by BCCI.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/noida-stadium-banned-by-bcci/article19716020.ece|title=Noida stadium banned by BCCI|newspaper=The Hindu|date=19 September 2017|last1=Lokapally|first1=Vijay}}</ref>

The stadium is named after [[Vijay Singh Pathik]], an Indian revolutionary who fought against British rule. The stadium conforms to norms and specifications prescribed by [[International Cricket Council]] (ICC) with associated amenities like media and corporate boxes, medical facilities, merchandise stores, a food court, an information kiosk and many others. In December 2016, the ICC gave approval for the ground to host international matches between [[List of International Cricket Council members#Full members|Full Member teams]].<ref name="Dec16">{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/story/1073873.html |title=ICC approves Greater Noida for Full Member games |access-date=23 December 2016 |work=ESPN Cricinfo}}</ref>

==History==

[[Uttar Pradesh Cricket Association]] secretary [[Rajeev Shukla]] in November 2009 said the [[Jaypee Group]], who are developing a [[Jaypee Greens Sports City|Sports city]] in [[Greater Noida]] are building a cricket stadium there and [[Uttar Pradesh Cricket Association|UPCA]] has already inked a fifty-year agreement with them to hold matches. At that time, he added that stadium will be ready by 2011 and it will hold [[Twenty20]] and [[One-Day International]] matches. Initially the spectator capacity at the stadium will be 40,000 but it will be increased to 100,000.{{fact|date=April 2021}}

The stadium had discussions with ICC to give it a status for holding Tests and One Day International matches. Previously, the stadium qualified for holding all matches except Tests and ODIs,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/cricket/why-historic-ferozshah-kotla-has-competition-from-greater-noida-cricket-stadium/story-R7wfCTruqjwaiVcPZpbLeI.html|title=Ferozshah Kotla faces challenge from Greater Noida stadium}}</ref> but later confirmed to host any international match.{{fact|date=April 2021}}

It is also the home ground of the [[Afghanistan national cricket team|Afghanistan cricket team]]. However, the seating capacity of the stadium is currently 8,000 with no current plans to upgrade it to what was initially planned.{{fact|date=April 2021}}

Shukla said they were ready to take [[Green Park Stadium]] on lease from the state government but they have not been successful in convincing the authorities. He said they were looking for a land between [[Kanpur]] and [[Lucknow]] to have their own stadium.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-11-27/top-stories/28090124_1_cricket-stadium-green-park-stadium-uttar-pradesh-cricket-association|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811051638/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-11-27/top-stories/28090124_1_cricket-stadium-green-park-stadium-uttar-pradesh-cricket-association|url-status=dead|archive-date=2011-08-11|work=[[The Times of India]]|title=UP to get one more cricket stadium by 2011| date=2009-11-27}}</ref><ref>[http://www.greaternoidaauthority.in/sports Official Website]</ref>

It is built as per the latest [[International Cricket Council|ICC]] specifications and guidelines, and is named Shaheed Vijay Singh Pathik Sports Complex. The stadium is fully equipped with all the facilities with floodlights, a bowling alley, an indoor stadium, lawn tennis courts in the premises. The stadium is located near YMCA and [[Jaypee Resorts]] in [[Greater Noida]]. The stadium hosted its first ever [[Ranji Trophy]] match between [[Uttar Pradesh cricket team]] and [[Baroda cricket team]] from 1 to 4 December 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/top-stories/UP-Vadodara-Ranji-match-shifted-to-Greater-Noida/articleshow/49857182.cms |title=UP-Vadodara Ranji match shifted to Greater Noida |publisher=Times Of India |date=2015-11-20 |access-date=22 February 2016}}</ref>

Greater Noida has hosted the [[2016–17 Duleep Trophy|2016 Duleep Trophy]] matches. All the matches were played with pink ball under [[Day/night cricket|lights]].

==Home ground for Afghanistan==
The stadium became the home ground for the [[Afghanistan national cricket team|Afghanistan cricket team]] after they decided to shift their home ground from [[Sharjah]].<ref name="AfgHome">{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/afghanistan/content/story/950961.html |title=India to host Afghanistan home games |access-date=11 December 2015 |work=ESPNCricinfo}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/sport/cricket/soon-a-noida-home-for-afghan-cricketers/article7937869.ece |title=Soon a Noida home for Afghan cricketers |date=2 December 2015 |access-date=22 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Grounds/14/11121_f.html |title=First-Class Matches played on Greater Noida Sports Complex Ground, Greater Noida (1) |website=CricketArchive |access-date=22 February 2016}}</ref> The stadium hosted [[2015–17 ICC Intercontinental Cup]] match between [[Afghanistan cricket team]] and [[Namibia cricket team]] in April 2016 as [[Afghanistan cricket team|Afghanistan]] beat [[Namibia cricket team|Namibia]] by an innings and 36 runs.<ref>[http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/952195.html ICC Intercontinental Cup, Afghanistan v Namibia at Greater Noida, 10-13 April 2016]</ref><ref>[http://www.espncricinfo.com/icc-intercontinental-cup-2015-17/content/story/997015.html Shahzad, spinners give Afghanistan innings win]</ref>

On 25 July 2016, it was announced that Afghanistan will host a full [[Irish cricket team against Afghanistan in India in 2016–17| series against Ireland]] at this stadium.<ref name="Afg Vs Ireland-2017">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/81552/ireland-afghanistan-set-to-play-nine-matches-in-india| title=Ireland, Afghanistan set to play nine matches in Greater Noida|publisher=[[Cricbuzz]]|access-date=13 August 2016}}</ref> Besides a 4-day [[ICC Intercontinental Cup|Intercontinental cup]] match, [[Ireland national cricket team|Ireland]] and Afghanistan played 5 ODIs and 3 T20Is in March 2017. Afghanistan won both T20I series 3–0,<ref name="T20I">{{cite web |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/347858 |title=Nabi, Shahzad lead Afghanistan sweep |access-date=12 March 2017 |work=International Cricket Council}}</ref> and ODI series 3-2.<ref name="ODI">{{cite web |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/afghanistan-v-ireland-2016-17/engine/series/1040465.html |title=Afghanistan v Ireland ODI Series, 2016-17 |access-date=24 March 2017 |work=ESPNcricinfo}}</ref>

==International Centuries==
The following table summaries the centuries scored at Greater Noida Sports Complex Ground, Greater Noida.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stats.espncricinfo.com/engine/records/batting/most_runs_innings.html?class=2;id=3203;type=ground|title=Greater Noida Sports Complex Ground, Greater Noida / Records / One-Day Internationals / High scores|website=[[ESPNCricinfo]]|access-date=15 March 2017}}</ref>

=== ODIs ===
{| style="font-size:95%" class="wikitable sortable"
!No. !!Score !!Player !!Team !!Balls !!Inns. !!Opposing team !!Date !!Winning team
|-
| 1 || 119 || [[William Porterfield]] || {{cr|IRE}} ||98 || 2 || {{cr|AFG|2013}} || 15 March 2017 || {{cr|AFG|2013}}
|-
| 2 || 101 || [[Asghar Stanikzai]] ||{{cr|AFG|2013}} || 90 || 1 ||{{cr|IRE}} || 17 March 2017 || {{cr|AFG|2013}}
|-
| 3 || 108* || [[Rahmat Shah]] ||{{cr|AFG|2013}} || 128 || 2 ||{{cr|IRE}} || 24 March 2017 || {{cr|AFG|2013}}
|}

==List of Five Wicket Hauls==

{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Symbol
! Meaning
|-
|{{dagger}}
|The bowler was [[Man of the match#Cricket|man of the match]]
|-
|{{double-dagger}}
|10 or more wickets taken in the match
|-
|§
|One of two five-wicket hauls by the bowler in the match
|-
|'''Date'''
|Day the [[Test cricket|Test]] started or [[One Day International|ODI]] was held
|-
|'''Inn'''
|[[Innings#Cricket|Innings]] in which five-wicket haul was taken
|-
|'''Overs'''
|Number of [[Over (cricket)|overs]] bowled.
|-
|'''Runs'''
|Number of [[Run (cricket)|runs]] conceded
|-
|'''Wkts'''
|Number of [[Wicket#Dismissing a batsman|wickets]] taken
|-
|'''Econ'''
|[[Cricket statistics#Bowling statistics|Runs conceded per over]]
|-
|'''Batsmen'''
|[[Batting (cricket)|Batsmen]] whose wickets were taken
|-
|'''Drawn'''
|The match was [[Draw (cricket)|drawn]].
|}

===ODIs===

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 100%"
|+ Five-wicket hauls in ODIs at Greater Noida Sports Complex Ground
|- align=center
! scope="col" width="38"|No.
! scope="col" width="145"|Bowler
! scope="col" width="100"|Date
! scope="col" width="120"|Team
! scope="col" width="120"|Opposing Team
! scope="col" width="60"|Inn
! scope="col" width="82"|Overs
! scope="col" width="70"|Runs
! scope="col" width="60"|Wkts
! scope="col" width="70"|Econ
! scope="col" width="160" class="unsortable" |Batsmen
! scope="col" width="70"|Result
|- align=center
|scope="row"| 1 || [[Paul Stirling]] || {{dts|format=dmy|2017|3|17}} || {{cr|IRE}} || {{cr|AFG|2013}} || {{nts|1}} || {{nts|10}} || {{sort|0124|55}} || {{sort|06188|6}} || {{nts|5.50}} || align=left |
*[[Samiullah Shenwari]]
*[[Mohammad Nabi]]
*[[Gulbadin Naib]]
*[[Rashid Khan (cricketer)|Rashid Khan]]
*[[Shafiqullah (cricketer)|Shafiqullah Shafiq]]
*[[Dawlat Zadran]]
|| Lost<ref name= odi3851>{{cite web | url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/afghanistan-v-ireland-2016-17/engine/match/1040493.html | title=Afghanistan tour of India, 2nd ODI: Afghanistan v Ireland at Greater Noida, Mar 17, 2017 | publisher=ESPNcricinfo | access-date=17 March 2017}}</ref>
|- align=center
|scope="row"| 2 || [[Rashid Khan (cricketer)|Rashid Khan]] || {{dts|format=dmy|2017|3|17}} || {{cr|AFG|2013}} || {{cr|IRE}} || {{nts|2}} || {{nts|9.3}} || {{sort|0124|43}} || {{sort|06188|6}} || {{nts|4.52}} || align=left |
*[[Paul Stirling]]
*[[Niall O'Brien (cricketer)|Niall O'Brien]]
*[[William Porterfield]]
*[[Gary Wilson (cricketer)|Gary Wilson]]
*[[Andy McBrine]]
*[[Peter Chase]]
|| Won<ref name= odi3851 />
|}

===T20Is===

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 100%"
|+ Five-wicket hauls in T20Is at Greater Noida Sports Complex Ground
|- align=center
! scope="col" width="38"|No.
! scope="col" width="145"|Bowler
! scope="col" width="100"|Date
! scope="col" width="120"|Team
! scope="col" width="120"|Opposing Team
! scope="col" width="60"|Inn
! scope="col" width="82"|Overs
! scope="col" width="70"|Runs
! scope="col" width="60"|Wkts
! scope="col" width="70"|Econ
! scope="col" width="160" class="unsortable" |Batsmen
! scope="col" width="70"|Result
|- align=center
|scope="row"| 1 || [[Rashid Khan (cricketer)|Rashid Khan]] || {{dts|format=dmy|2017|3|10}} || {{cr|AFG|2013}} || {{cr|IRE}} || {{nts|2}} || {{nts|2}} || {{sort|0124|3}} || {{sort|06188|5}} || {{nts|1.50}} || align=left |
*[[Kevin O'Brien (cricketer)|Kevin O'Brien]]
*[[Gary Wilson (cricketer)|Gary Wilson]]
*[[Lorcan Tucker]]
*[[Greg Thompson (cricketer)|Greg Thompson]]
*[[Barry McCarthy]]
|| Won<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/afghanistan-v-ireland-2016-17/engine/match/1040487.html | title=Afghanistan tour of India, 2nd T20I: Afghanistan v Ireland at Greater Noida, Mar 10, 2017 | publisher=ESPNcricinfo | access-date=10 March 2017}}</ref>
|}

==See also==
* [[Greater Noida]]
* [[2016–17 Duleep Trophy]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110811051638/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-11-27/top-stories/28090124_1_cricket-stadium-green-park-stadium-uttar-pradesh-cricket-association UP to get one more cricket stadium by 2011]
* [http://www.espncricinfo.com/india/content/ground/942501.html cricinfo]
* [https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Grounds/14/11121.html cricketarchive]

{{Jaypee Group}}
{{Greater Noida}}
{{List of cricket grounds in India}}
{{List of Cricket Stadiums in Uttar Pradesh}}

[[Category:Cricket grounds in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Sports venues in Noida]]
[[Category:Jaypee Group]]
[[Category:Sports venues completed in 2013]]
[[Category:2014 establishments in Bihar]]

Bhagat Farid

2023-01-06T20:25:16Z

AngelicaWieck66: Created an enlightening manuscript.

#REDIRECT [[Baba Farid]]

Nirankari

2022-10-27T08:00:11Z

AngelicaWieck66: Contributed a new entry to the platform.

{{Short description|Sikh sect}}
{{Distinguish|Sant Nirankari Mission|text=[[Sant Nirankari Mission]], a latter splinter group of the original Nirankari movement}}
{{Use dmy dates}}
{{Infobox religious group|group=Nirankari {{Small|ਨਿਰੰਕਾਰੀ}}|founder=[[Baba Dyal Singh|Dyal Singh]]|religions=[[Sikhism]]|image=|image_caption=|regions=[[Punjab]]|scriptures=|languages=[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]|child=[[Sant Nirankari Mission|Sant Nirankari]]}}
{{Sikhism sidebar}}

'''Nirankari''' ({{lang-pa|ਨਿਰੰਕਾਰੀ}}, ''lit.'' "formless one") is a [[Sects of Sikhism|sect]] of [[Sikhism]].<ref name=eosnirankari>Harbans Singh, Editor-in-Chief (2011)[https://archive.org/details/TheEncyclopediaOfSikhism-VolumeIiiM-r/page/n250 Nirankaris], Encyclopedia of Sikhism Volume III, Punjabi University, Patiala, pages 234–235</ref> It was a reform movement founded by [[Baba Dyal Singh|Baba Dyal Das]] in northwest [[Punjab]] in 1851.<ref name=eosnirankari/> He sought to restore the practices and beliefs of Sikhs back to what he believed were prevalent when [[Guru Nanak]] was alive. This movement emerged in the aftermath of the end of [[Sikh Empire]] and the Sikh history after [[Ranjit Singh]]'s death.<ref name="HaarKalsi2009p11">{{cite book|author1= Kristen Haar|author2= Sewa Singh Kalsi|title=Sikhism|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=YOI1nB_zTyAC | year=2009|publisher =Infobase Publishing| isbn=978-1-4381-0647-2|pages= 11–12}}</ref><ref name=webster2018/>

Nirankaris strongly oppose representing the "formless" God with any image, and believe that the true Sikh faith is based on ''nam simaran'' (remembering and repeating God's name).<ref name="HaarKalsi2009p11"/> They believe in living hereditary gurus from Baba Dyal Das lineage,<ref name=eosnirankari/> and that the Sikh scripture is an open text to which the wisdom of their living gurus after Guru Gobind Singh can be added. Nirankaris believe that human guru to interpret the scripture and guide Sikhs is a necessity.<ref name=britsikhssects>[https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sikhism/Sects-and-other-groups Sects and other groups: Sikhism], Encyclopaedia Britannica</ref><ref name="HaarKalsi2009p11"/>

Nirankaris consider themselves to be Sikhs, and a part of Sikh history.<ref name=webster2018/> Originally based in regions near their ''darbar'' in [[Rawalpindi]], during the 1947 [[partition of India]], they chose to leave the newly created Muslim-dominant Pakistan and migrated en-masse to India.<ref name=eosnirankari/> In 1958, they established a new ''darbar'' in [[Chandigarh]]. Nirankari Sikhs are settled across contemporary India, with communities found from Srinagar to Kolkata.<ref name=eosnirankari/><ref name=webster2018/>

== History ==
The first half of the 19th-century saw Sikh power expanded with the [[Sikh Empire]] under [[Ranjit Singh]]. This strength was deeply admired and cherished by Sikhs.

The Nirankari sect was founded in 1851 by Baba Dyal, a [[Sahajdhari]], who aimed at refocusing Sikhs on the [[Guru Granth Sahib|Adi Granth]] – the Sikh scripture, and reform the beliefs and customs of the Sikhs.<ref name=webster2018/> Baba Dyal's son and successor, Baba Darbar Singh, collected and recorded the Baba Dyal's essential teachings and established Nirankari communities outside of Rawalpindi. The Nirankari were estimated to number in the thousands by the time of the third leader of the movement, Sahib Rattaji (1870–1909).<ref name=webster2018/><ref name="McLeod">McLeod, W.H. ''Textual Sources for the Study of Sikhism'' Manchester University Press ND, 1984</ref> The Nirankari institution of ''biredars'' started, where the living Guru appointed his local representative to watch and lead local Nirankaris in distant towns and villages. The office of ''biredar'' has been a hereditary one in practice, states Webster.<ref name=webster2018/>

In the 1891 Indian Census, 14,001 Hindus and 46,610 Sikhs identified themselves as Nirankaris.<ref>(Census of India, 1891, Vol.XX, and vol.XXI, The Punjab and its Feudatories, by Sir Edward Douglas MacLagan, Part II and III, Calcutta, 1892, pp. & 826–9 and pp.& 572–3.)</ref> Under their fourth leader, Baba Gurdit Singh, some of the Nirankari took an interest in the [[Singh Sabha Movement|Singh Sabha]] Sikh revivalist movement. The Nirankaris helped to bring the Anand Marriage Act of 1909 to the attention of the Sikh populace. The movement's fifth Guru, Sahib Hara Singh (1877–1971), started to reorganize the movement, and was later succeeded by his eldest son, Baba Gurbax Singh. Baba Jagdarshan Singh who succeeded Baba Gurbax Singh after his death in 1998, is the current Guru of the Nirankaris.

Nirankaris believe in a lineage of living Gurus, well beyond the ten accepted by Khalsa Sikhs. Like Khalsa, they too revere the ''[[Guru Granth Sahib]]'', but consider it an open book to which the wisdom of the later and present-day living Gurus can be added.<ref name=britsikhssects/><ref name="HaarKalsi2009p11"/>

The group later developed its own distinct spiritual movement. At the time of the [[partition of India]] in 1947, the Nirankari abandoned their center in Rawalpindi, which has since then been part of Pakistan, and established themselves on the Indian side of the partition.<ref name=eosnirankari/>

== Divisions ==
There are two Nirankari groups, the ''Asli Nirankaris'' (meaning "true Nirankaris"), founded by [[Baba Dyal Singh]], and the ''[[Sant Nirankari Mission|Nakali Nirankaris]]'' (meaning "fake Nirankaris").<ref>{{Cite book |last=Olson |first=Carl |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/919202302 |title=Religious ways of experiencing life : a global and narrative approach |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-70660-5 |edition=1st |location=New York |oclc=919202302 |quote=There are two Niramkari groups: Asali Nirankaris (true N's) and Nakali Niramkaris. The former group traces its origin to Baba Dayal (1783-1855) and was centered in Rawalpindi until the partition of India in 1947. The sect stresses mental worship, using a silent method of nam simaran and supporting the teachings of Guru Nanak.}}</ref>

== Beliefs ==
[[Baba Dyal Singh|Baba Dayal]] believed that Sikh practices and rituals of life were unlike what they were when Guru Nanak was alive. He strongly rejected idolatry, the Khalsa stance against living Gurus, and the treatment of the Sikh scripture as a closed book. He believed that salvation can result from [[Naam Japo|naam-simaran]], or repetition of the divine Name. He started a Sikh reform movement in 1851 to correct the extant beliefs and practices.<ref name=eosnirankari/> The key devotional practice was to repeat the formless God's name as the mantra, ''Dhan, Dhan Nirankar'', meaning "Glory, glory to the Formless One".<ref name="McLeod1990p124">{{cite book|author=W.H. McLeod|title=Textual Sources for the Study of Sikhism |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7xIT7OMSJ44C |year=1990|publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-56085-4 |page=124}}</ref> Their ''ardas'' differs from that of the Khalsa Sikhs. They invoke "Nirankar" instead of "Bhagauti", and include their tradition's list of living Gurus beyond Guru Gobind Singh.<ref name=eosnirankari/><ref name=webster2018>John Webster (2018), ''The Nirankari Sikhs'', Routledge, {{ISBN| 9781138317239}}</ref> The early worship houses of Nirankaris were called dharamshala'', rather than ''gurdwara''.<ref name=webster2018/>

Nirankari means "without form", and reflects their belief that God cannot be represented in any form and that true Sikh faith is based on ''nam simaran''.<ref name="HaarKalsi2009p11">{{cite book|author1= Kristen Haar|author2= Sewa Singh Kalsi|title=Sikhism|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=YOI1nB_zTyAC | year=2009|publisher =Infobase Publishing| isbn=978-1-4381-0647-2|pages= 11–12}}</ref> Among the earliest Sikh reform movements,<ref name="Dalal2010p268">{{cite book|author=Roshen Dalal|title=The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pNmfdAKFpkQC&pg=PA268|year=2010|publisher=Penguin Books |isbn=978-0-14-341517-6|pages=268–269}}</ref><ref name="SinghFenech2014p353"/> The Nirankaris condemned the growing idol worship, obeisance to living gurus and influence of Brahmanic ritual that had crept into the Sikh ''panth''.<ref name=mandair78>{{cite book |last1=Mandair |first1=Arvind-Pal Singh |title=Sikhism: A Guide for the Perplexed |publisher=A&C Black |location=London, England |isbn=9781441102317 |page=78 |edition=illustrated |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vdhLAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA83 |access-date=1 May 2019}}</ref> Though not an initiated Khalsa, he urged Sikhs to return to their focus to a formless divine (''nirankar'') and described himself as a ''nirankari''.<ref name=mandair78/> [[Maharaja Ranjit Singh]] of the [[Sikh Empire]] was said to have appreciated his teachings.<ref name="Dalal2010p268"/>

Nirankari prohibit the consumption of alcohol and tobacco. They are vegetarians. The Nirankaris believe in very simple, inexpensive wedding ceremonies called "Anand", a term related to one found among Khalsa Sikhs.<ref name=eosnirankari/><ref name=webster2018/> The Nirankari Sikhs dispose of their dead in rivers in contrast to burial or cremation.<ref name=eosnirankari/>

One of the main differentiation of Nirankari from orthodox Sikh belief is the continuation of the line of human Gurus after Guru Gobind Singh,<ref name=eosnirankari/> as they eventually reverted<ref name=mandair78>{{cite book |last1=Mandair |first1=Arvind-Pal Singh |title=Sikhism: A Guide for the Perplexed |publisher=A&C Black |location=London, England |isbn=9781441102317 |page=78 |edition=illustrated |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vdhLAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA83 |access-date=1 May 2019}}</ref> to treating their leaders as living Gurus or gods.<ref name="Copeman77">{{cite book|author=Jacob Copeman|title=Veins of Devotion: Blood Donation and Religious Experience in North India|url=https://archive.org/details/veinsofdevotionb0000cope |url-access=registration|year=2009|publisher=Rutgers University Press|isbn=978-0-8135-4449-6|pages=[https://archive.org/details/veinsofdevotionb0000cope/page/77 77]–78}}</ref> Nirankaris therefore do not believe in the orthodox view that there were only ten living Gurus in Sikhism and the [[Guru Granth Sahib]] is a closed scripture and that last Guru of Sikhism.<ref name="SinghFenech2014p353">{{cite book|author1=Pashaura Singh|author2=Louis E. Fenech|title=The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7YwNAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA353 |year=2014|publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-100411-7|pages=353–354}}</ref><ref name="McLeod1984p122">{{cite book|author=W. H. McLeod|title=Textual Sources for the Study of Sikhism |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mj28AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA122 |year=1984|publisher=Manchester University Press|isbn=978-0-7190-1063-7|pages=122–126}}</ref> They revere the Guru Granth Sahib, but also have living Gurus (''satguru'') that they revere and who sits near the scripture.<ref name=webster2018/>

===Nirankari hukamnama===
A 19th-century document in the Nirankari Sikh tradition is called the "Nirankari Hukamnama".<ref name=webster2018/> This [[Hukamnama]] was issued by the eldest son of Baba Dayal, Baba Darbara Singh, the group's satguru between 1855 and 1870.<ref name=eosnirankari/> It states that "Sri Satguru Dayal" personally visited God where he also met the ten Gurus of Sikhs who had assembled with God in his realm to meet with him.<ref name="McLeod1990p125"/> God ordered Dayal to go preach rituals and customs to the Sikhs. God told Dayal, according to the Hukamnama, that Sikhs who follow Dayal would go to heaven, while Sikhs who follow Brahmins are on the path to hell.<ref name="McLeod1990p125">{{cite book|author=W.H. McLeod|title=Textual Sources for the Study of Sikhism |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7xIT7OMSJ44C |year=1990|publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-56085-4 |pages=124–126}}</ref> This text describes the Nirankari Sikh ceremonies associated with birth, wedding and death. It also affirms the Anand ceremony as well as includes rituals associated with the throwing of a dead human body wrapped in white cloth into the river. The Hukamnama outlines distinctly Nirankari Sikh rituals, rejects both Hindu and Muslim rituals.<ref name=eosnirankari/><ref name="McLeod1990p125"/>

== Baba Dyal Singh ==
{{Main|Baba Dyal Singh}}

[[Baba Dyal Singh]] (1783–1855) lived during a period of Sikh dominance, resulting from the victories of the Sikh [[Maharaja]] [[Ranjit Singh]]. However, Baba Dyal felt that the military successes were a distraction of the Sikh duty to remember [[Akal Purakh]] through the practice of [[Naam Japo]]. Baba Dyal further preached against the assimilation of other religious traditions into [[Sikhism]]. Namely, he was concerned that the [[Hindu]] practice of idolatry was becoming increasingly prevalent in Sikhism, and thus Baba Dyal emphasized the formless, or ''ni ran kar,'' quality of Akal Purakh, which gave the movement its name.

Baba Dyal reportedly experienced enlightenment when he was 18 years old, entered meditation, and heard a voice saying:<blockquote>Give up this ritualistic practice. You have been commissioned to expel the darkness of ignorance... You are a true Nirankari, as you are a believer of God as spirit, without bodily form.<ref name="Cole">Cole, William Owen; ''The Sikhs: their religious beliefs and practices'' Sussex Academic Press, 1995</ref></blockquote>

Baba Dyal's movement was originally confined to the [[Rawalpindi]] area, with followers being mostly [[Sahajdhari]] Sikhs of the [[Khatri]] and [[Arora]] castes. However, his followers were not expected to surrender their occupations and live a life of renunciation. The Nirankari were typically traders and shopkeepers and were expected to continue working while they focused their attention on the remembrance of the divine Name.

Baba Dyal left a brief manual of instruction.' Its form and contents are those of a ''Rahit Nama,'' or law code.<ref name=McLeod/> Its contents emphasize the teachings of Guru Nanak without mentioning the Khalsa of [[Guru Gobind Singh]]. The essence of the Nirankari hu kam Nama is contained in the words which every adherent is commanded to utter again and again, ''Dhan than ni ran kar'', meaning "Glory be to Nirankar."

==See also==
* [[Ahmadiyya]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==

{{-}}
{{Sikhism}}

[[Category:Sikh communities]]
[[Category:Sikh groups and sects]]
[[Category:Ethno-cultural designations]]
[[Category:Ethnoreligious groups]]
[[Category:Punjabi words and phrases]]
[[Category:Religious identity]]
[[Category:Religious organizations established in the 1800s]]

Kot Lakhpat Jail

2022-06-26T13:19:29Z

AngelicaWieck66: Created a new article on Central Jail Lahore. Bharatpedians are invited to help expanding the article.

{{short description|Prison in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan}}
{{Use Pakistani English|date=January 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2022}}
{{Infobox prison
| prison_name = Central Jail Lahore
| image =
| location = [[Lahore]], [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]
| coordinates =
| status =
| classification = Maximum
| capacity = 4000<ref name=capacity/>
| population =
| populationdate = February 2014
| opened =
| closed =
| managed_by = [[Government of Punjab, Pakistan]]
| director = (Senior Superintendent Jail) 
Ijaz Asghar (till date) Kamran Anjum (May 2013–September 2013) 
Mohsin Rafique (January 2013–May 2013) 
Mushtaq Ahmed Awan (August 2009–January 2012)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/Regional/Lahore/28-Aug-2010/Human-hand-found-in-sehri-for-prisoners |title=Human hand found in sehri for prisoners |access-date=2022-05-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100901084131/http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/Regional/Lahore/28-Aug-2010/Human-hand-found-in-sehri-for-prisoners |archive-date=2010-09-01|newspaper=The Nation (newspaper)}}</ref>
| prisoners = [[Zulfikar Ali Bhutto]] [[Sardar Bhagat Singh]] [[Rasool Bux Palijo]] [[Javed Iqbal (serial killer)|Javed Iqbal]] Yusuf Kazzab [[Nawaz Sharif]] [[Jatindra Nath Das]] [[Saad Hussain Rizvi]]
}}

'''Central Jail Lahore''' is a prominent prison situated in [[Lahore]], [[Punjab, Pakistan]] at Rakh Chandra ([[Kot Lakhpat]]). The prison is also known as '''Kot Lakhpat Jail''' with reference to its location. The jail houses more than four times the 4000 prisoner capacity it was built for. Some prisoners died in the prison in the past, including [[Indian people|Indian]] prisoner [[Sarabjit Singh]], who was convicted of [[terrorism]].<ref name=capacity>{{cite news | title = Sarabjit Singh critical after Lahore jail attack |date =26 April 2013 | url = https://www.gulf-times.com/india/185/details/350512/sarabjit-singh-critical-after-lahore-jail-attack | work = Gulf Times | access-date =2022-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.punjabprisons.gov.pk/ |title=Inspector General of Prisons (Punjab) |access-date=2022-05-15 |archive-date=2010-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100326071006/http://www.punjabprisons.gov.pk/ |url-status=dead|website=Punjab Prisons (Pakistan) website}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Government of Punjab, Pakistan]]
* [[Punjab Prisons (Pakistan)]]
* [[Central Jail Faisalabad]]
* [[Central Jail Mianwali]]
* [[Headquarter Jail]]
* [[Central Jail Rawalpindi]]
* [[District Jail Rawalpindi]]
* [[National Academy for Prisons Administration]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Prisons in Pakistan}}

{{coord|31|26|48|N|74|20|07|E|region:PK-PB_type:landmark_source:kolossus-dewiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Prisons in Pakistan]]

NISAR (satellite)

2022-03-10T22:16:57Z

AngelicaWieck66: Wrote an insightful article.

{{Short description|Joint NASA-ISRO synthetic radar aperture spacecraft}}
{{Use American English}}
{{Use dmy dates}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR)
| names_list = NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar NISAR
| image = [[File:NISAR artist concept.jpg|280px]]
| image_caption = Artist's concept of the NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) satellite in orbit.
| image_size = 300px

| mission_type = [[Synthetic-aperture radar|Radar]] imaging
| operator = [[NASA]] / [[Indian Space Research Organisation|ISRO]]
| COSPAR_ID =
| SATCAT =
| website = {{url|nisar.jpl.nasa.gov/}} {{url|www.isro.gov.in/NISARSatellite.html}}
| mission_duration = 3 years (planned) <ref name="WMO"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://conference.sdo.esoc.esa.int/proceedings/sdc7/paper/46/SDC7-paper46.pdf|title=Optimization of Debris Shields on the NISAR Mission's L-Band Radar Instrument|website=conference.sdo.esoc.esa.int|publisher=ESA Space Debris Office|access-date=16 March 2021}}</ref>

| spacecraft = NISAR
| spacecraft_bus = [[I-3K]]<ref name="SAC_August2018">{{cite web|url=https://vedas.sac.gov.in/vedas/downloads/ertd/SAR/L_1.pdf|title=Overview of NISAR Mission and Airborne L- and S- SAR|website=sac.gov.in |publisher=Space Applications Centre, ISRO|access-date=16 March 2021}}</ref>
| manufacturer = ISRO
| launch_mass = {{cvt|2800|kg}} <ref name="IAA-10">{{cite web|url=https://www.dlr.de/iaa.symp/Portaldata/49/Resources/dokumente/archiv10/pdf/IAA-10-0101_kl.pdf
|title=The NASA Earth Science Program and Small Satellites|last1=Neeck|first1=Steven|website=dlr.de|publisher=DLR|access-date=23 November 2018}}</ref>
| dimensions =
| power = 6,500 [[watt]]s

| launch_date = January 2024 (planned)<ref name="NISAR_2024"/><ref name="CGMS50">{{cite conference |last=Desai |first=Brantone5M. |url=https://www.cgms-info.org/Agendas/GetWpFile.ashx?wid=55fb119c-83b4-4fe2-a1d5-38ef0b61575f&aid=8ddd8a1b-8f80-4649-9961-19228306fc2a |title=Joint ISRO-IMD Report on updates and Future Plans |page=8 |work=[[ISRO]] |conference=[[Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites|CGMS-50]] |access-date=25 June 2022}}</ref><ref name="ceoshb_nisar">{{cite web |url=http://database.eohandbook.com/database/missionsummary.aspx?missionID=642 |title=CEOS EO Handbook – Mission Summary - NISAR |work=[[CEOS]] |access-date=24 June 2022}}</ref>
| launch_rocket = [[Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle|GSLV Mk. II]] (4 meter fairing) <ref name="SAC_August2018"/>
| launch_site = [[Satish Dhawan Space Center]]
| launch_contractor = [[Indian Space Research Organisation|ISRO]]

| disposal_type =
| deactivated =
| last_contact =
| decay_date =

| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit]]<ref name="WMO">{{cite web|url=https://www.wmo-sat.info/oscar/satellites/view/ni_sar|title=Satellite: NISAR|publisher=World Meteorological Organization (WMO)|access-date=16 March 2021}}</ref>
| orbit_regime = [[Sun-synchronous orbit]]<ref name="NISAR_ISRO">{{cite web|url=https://www.sac.gov.in/nisar/NisarMission.html|title=NISAR Mission|publisher=ISRO|access-date=16 March 2021|archive-date=4 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804031625/https://www.sac.gov.in/nisar/NisarMission.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| orbit_altitude = {{cvt|747|km}}
| orbit_periapsis = {{cvt|747|km}}
| orbit_apoapsis = {{cvt|747|km}}
| orbit_inclination = 98.5°
| orbit_period =
| apsis = gee

| trans_band = [[S band|S-band]] [[L band|L-band]]

| instruments = L-band (24-cm wavelength) Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar S-band (12-cm wavelength) Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar

| insignia = NISAR_Mission_Logo.png
| insignia_caption = NISAR mission logo
| insignia_size = 200px

| programme =
| previous_mission =
| next_mission =
}}

The '''NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar''' ('''NISAR''') mission is a joint project between [[NASA]] and [[ISRO]] to co-develop and launch a dual-frequency [[synthetic aperture radar]] on an [[Earth observation satellite]]. The satellite will be the first [[radar imaging]] satellite to use dual frequencies. It will be used for [[remote sensing]], to observe and understand natural processes on [[Earth]]. For example, its left-facing instruments will study the [[Antarctica|Antarctic]] [[cryosphere]].<ref name=Nature20190204>{{cite journal|title=Arctic scientists iced out by U.S.–India radar mission|last=Witze|first=Alexandra|journal=Nature|volume=566|issue=7742|page=18|doi=10.1038/d41586-019-00278-8|pmid=30723349|bibcode=2019Natur.566...18W |doi-access=free}}</ref> With a total cost estimated at US$1.5 billion, NISAR is likely to be the world's most expensive Earth-imaging satellite.<ref name="NISAR 1.5 Billion">{{cite press release|url=http://syntheticapertureradar.com/nasa-isro-sar-project-nisar/|title=NASA, ISRO jointly working on project NISAR|work=NASA/JPL|publisher=SAR Journal|access-date=16 March 2021}}</ref>

== Overview ==
The NASA-ISRO [[Synthetic-aperture radar|Synthetic Aperture Radar]], or NISAR satellite, will use advanced radar imaging to map the elevation of Earth's land and ice masses 4 to 6 times a month at resolutions of 5 to 10 meters.<ref name=":2">{{cite web|url=https://nisar.jpl.nasa.gov/files/nisar/NISAR_Applications_Landslides.pdf|title=Landslide Hazards to Infrastructure|website=nisar.jpl.nasa.gov|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190321133739/https://nisar.jpl.nasa.gov/files/nisar/NISAR_Applications_Landslides.pdf|archive-date=21 March 2019|publisher=NASA (JPL)|access-date=16 March 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> It is designed to observe and measure some of the planet's most complex natural processes, including [[Disturbance (ecology)|ecosystem disturbances]], [[Ice-sheet dynamics|ice-sheet collapse]], and natural hazards such as [[earthquake]]s, [[tsunami]]s, [[volcano]]es and [[landslide]]s.<ref name="JPL">{{cite web|url=http://nisar.jpl.nasa.gov/|title=NASA-ISRO SAR Mission (NISAR)|publisher=Jet Propulsion Laboratory|access-date=16 March 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref name="Handbook">{{cite web|url=https://nisar.jpl.nasa.gov/system/documents/files/26_NISAR_FINAL_9-6-19.pdf|title=NASA-ISRO SAR (NISAR) Mission Science Users' Handbook|publisher=NASA|access-date=27 May 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>

The mission is a partnership between [[NASA]] and [[ISRO]].<ref name="JPL" /> Under the terms of the agreement, NASA will provide the mission's [[L band|L-band]] [[Synthetic-aperture radar|synthetic aperture radar]] (SAR), a high-rate telecommunication subsystem for scientific data [[Satellite navigation device|GPS receivers]], a solid-state recorder, and a payload data subsystem. ISRO will provide the [[satellite bus]], an [[S band|S-band]] synthetic aperture radar, the launch vehicle, and associated launch services.<ref name="Mars">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/press/2014/september/us-india-to-collaborate-on-mars-exploration-earth-observing-mission/|title=U.S., India to Collaborate on Mars Exploration, Earth-Observing Mission|publisher=NASA|access-date=16 March 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>

All data from NISAR would be freely available 1 to 2 days after observation and within hours in case of emergencies like natural disasters.<ref name=":2"/> Data collected from NISAR will reveal information about the evolution and state of [[Crust (geology)|Earth's crust]], help scientists better understand our planet's natural processes and [[Climate change|changing climate]], and aid future resource and hazard management.<ref name="JPL"/>

The satellite will be [[three-axis stabilization|three-axis stabilized]]. It will use a {{cvt|12|m}} deployable mesh antenna and will operate on both the [[L band|L-]] and [[S band|S-]] microwave bands.<ref name="JPL"/> The aperture mesh reflector (antenna) will be supplied by Astro Aerospace, a [[Northrop Grumman]] company.<ref name="Northrop">{{cite press release|url=http://globenewswire.com/news-release/2015/10/30/781817/10154634/en/NASA-Jet-Propulsion-Laboratory-Selects-Northrop-Grumman-s-Astro-Aerospace-for-NISAR-Reflector.html|title=NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Selects Northrop Grumman's Astro Aerospace for NISAR Reflector|last=White|first=AnnaMaria|publisher=Northrop Grumman Corporation|agency=GlobeNewswire|access-date=16 March 2021}}</ref>

The satellite will be launched from India aboard a [[Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle|GSLV]] in Q1 of 2024.<ref name="NISAR_2024">{{cite conference |last1=Rosen |first1=Paul |last2=Owen |first2=Susan |last3=Chapman |first3=Bruce |url=https://nisar.jpl.nasa.gov/documents/75/8-NISAR_Rosen_Countdown_to_NISAR_v4.pdf |title=NASA-ISRO SAR (NISAR) Mission: Countdown to NISAR |pages=8–13 |location=Pasadena, CA |conference=2022 NISAR Community Science Workshop |publisher=[[NASA]] |access-date=16 October 2022}}</ref><ref name="CGMS50"/> The orbit will be a [[Sun-synchronous orbit|Sun-synchronous]], dawn-to-dusk type. The planned mission life is three years.<ref name="WMO"/> The project has passed the first stage of the design validation phase and has been reviewed and approved by NASA.<ref name="ToI14"/>

ISRO's share of the project cost is about {{INRConvert|788|c}}, and NASA's share is about US$808 million.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://164.100.158.235/question/annex/243/Au2223.pdf|title=Rajya Sabha Q. No.2223, Session:243 "JOINT PROJECT BETWEEN NASA AND ISRO"|publisher=Department of Space|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803212014/http://164.100.158.235/question/annex/243/Au2223.pdf|archive-date=3 August 2017|url-status=dead|access-date=16 March 2021}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite news|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=169570|title=Joint Project between NASA and ISRO|publisher=Press Information Bureau, Government of India|access-date=16 March 2021}}</ref>

== Payload ==
* [[L band|L-band]] (1.25 [[Hertz|GHz]]; 24 cm wavelength <ref name="SAC_August2018"/>) [[Polarimetry|polarimetric]] [[Synthetic-aperture radar|SAR]], to be produced by NASA.
* [[S band|S-band]] (3.20 GHz; 9.3 cm wavelength <ref name="SAC_August2018"/>) polarimetric SAR, to be produced by ISRO.<ref name="ToI14">{{cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Home/Science/Isros-instrument-design-passes-Nasa-review/articleshow/39369930.cms|title=ISRO's instrument design passes Nasa review|newspaper=The Times of India|access-date=16 March 2021}}</ref>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
* [[Earth observation satellite]]
* [[Indian Remote Sensing]]
* [[List of Indian satellites]]
* [[Seasat]]
* [[Shuttle Radar Topography Mission]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Indian space programme}}
{{Indian spacecraft}}
{{NASA space program}}
{{Space-based meteorological observation}}
{{Future spaceflights}}

[[Category:ISRO satellites]]
[[Category:NASA satellites]]
[[Category:India–United States relations]]
[[Category:2024 in spaceflight]]
[[Category:Synthetic aperture radar satellites]]

Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers (India)

2022-02-15T18:06:50Z

AngelicaWieck66: Contributed a new entry to the website.

#REDIRECT [[Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers]]

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