Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]

Michel Castanha

2023-09-16T01:19:05Z

Abbhi911: Published a valuable resource.

{{Short description|Indian footballer}}
{{Infobox football biography
| name = Michel Castanha
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1992|12|23}}
| birth_place = [[Curtorim, Goa]]
| position = Defender
| currentclub = [[Gokulam Kerala FC]]
}}
'''Michel Margaret Castanha''' (born 23 December 1992)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Michel Castanha |url=https://www.the-aiff.com/players/profile/57598 |access-date=2023-09-12 |website=www.the-aiff.com}}</ref> is an Indian women's professional [[Association football|footballer]] from [[Goa]]. She plays as a defender for Gokulam Kerala FC in the [[Indian Women's League]] and represents the [[India women's national football team]].

== Early life ==
Goa's Michel Castanha is from Curtorim and began her career at the age of eight playing for a Bodyline Club from Maharashtra. Her father, a former football player, reluctantly agreed to her taking up the game when coach Maria Rebelo convinced him.

== Football career ==
Michel Castanha made her debut in the Under-17 Nationals at the age of 12 in Chandigarh in 2005. Then, there were only two junior age group Nationals, U-17 and U-19 before the Senior cap.

She represented India at the AFC Asian Cup Qualifiers 2018 in South Korea.

She joined the Pune City team in I-League.

At the Vedanta Women's Football League 2017, Michel was selected for the Panjim Dolphins team.he was part of the Indian team which withdrew from the 2022 AFC Asian Cup<ref>{{Cite news |title=Women's national team to start first camp since COVID-19 lockdown on December 1 |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/football/top-stories/indian-womens-football-team-to-start-first-camp-after-covid-19-lockdown-on-december-1/articleshow/79338249.cms |access-date=2023-09-12 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref> as 12 players contracted COVID 9.

July 2023: She was selected for the Senior India camp to be held at Bhubaneshwar from July 30 for the AFC Olympic Qualifiers<ref>{{Cite web |last=IANS |title=Indian Women’s Football Team; 34 players selected for training camp in Bhubaneswar |url=https://www.thestatesman.com/sports/indian-womens-football-team-34-players-selected-for-training-camp-in-bhubaneswar-1503204496.html |url-status=live |access-date=2023-09-12 |website=www.thestatesman.com}}</ref> Round II to be held at Tashkent from October 26 to November 1.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Castanha, Michel}}
[[Category:1992 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian women's footballers]]
[[Category:Footballers from Goa]]
[[Category:Sportswomen from Goa]]
[[Category:India women's youth international footballers]]
[[Category:India women's international footballers]]

{{India-women-footy-bio-stub}}

Ujjwal Chaurasia

2023-09-10T09:42:23Z

Abbhi911: Page developed.

{{Short description|Indian YouTuber and streamer (born 2002)}}
{{Use dmy dates}}
'''Ujjwal Chaurasia''' (born 12 January 2002), better known as '''Techno Gamerz''', is an Indian [[YouTuber]], streamer from [[Delhi]], [[India]].<ref name="bn"></ref> He is known for his technology and [[gaming]] videos on his channel Techno Gamerz.<ref name="ch"></ref> His other channel Ujjwal is dedicated to gaming.<ref>{{cite web|title=With over 30 million subscribers Ujjwal Chaurasia aka Techno Gamerz is one of India's biggest YouTubers|url=https://www.iwmbuzz.com/gaming/supergaming-to-bring-indias-leading-gaming-youtuber-techno-gamerz-as-playable-character-in-new-game/2023/03/16|author=Amruta Kadam|accessdate=9 September 2023}}</ref>
{{Infobox YouTube personality
| name = Ujjwal Chaurasia
| image =
| image_caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|2002|01|12}}
| birth_place = [[Delhi]], India
| nationality = Indian
| other_names =
| education =
| occupation ={{hlist|Youtuber|Rapper}}
| channels = {{ubl|
[https://youtube.com/@TechnoGamerzOfficial Techno Gamerz]
|
[https://youtube.com/@UjjwalGamer Ujjwal]
|
[https://youtube.com/@TechnoStudios Techno]
|
[https://youtube.com/@UjjwalShortsOfficial Ujjwal Shorts]
}}
| years_active = 2017- present
| subscribers = 35.4 million<ref>{{cite news|title=Dynamo, Mortal to TechnoGamerz: Indian gamers who made a fortune through online gaming|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/lifestyle/dynamo-mortal-to-technogamerz-5-india-gamers-who-made-a-fortune-through-online-gaming/3021880/|newspaper=Financial Express|accessdate=10 September 2023}}</ref>
| silver_year = 2019
| silver_button = yes
| gold_year = 2020
| gold_button = yes
| diamond_year = 2021
| diamond_button = yes
| stats_update = 9 September 2023
}}

== Personal life ==
Ujjwal Chaurasia was born on 12 January 2002, in [[Delhi]], India.<ref name="bn">{{cite web|title=Meet Ujjwal Chaurasia, 20-year-old Delhi YouTuber who created India's most trending gaming video|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/gaming/report-meet-ujjwal-chaurasia-20-year-old-delhi-youtuber-who-created-india-s-most-trending-gaming-video-3008480|accessdate=9 September 2023}}</ref>He completed his schooling up to the 12th grade in Delhi. Ujjwal had a passion for gaming since childhood and transformed it into a profession by starting [[YouTube]] channel called Techno Gamerz. Despite facing initial challenge, such as not having his own phone<ref>{{cite web|title=When I started off I didn't have my own phone and I used to play games in my brother's phone|url=https://aninews.in/news/business/young-gamer-ujjwal-chaurasia-crosses-over-10-million-youtube-subscribers-in-just-three-years20201118150718/|website=aninews.in|accessdate=10 September 2023}}</ref>for gaming and studies while starting his YouTube journey in the 10th grade, he managed it successfully.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ujjwal Chaurasia Success Story Of Techno Gamerz|url=https://failurebeforesuccess.com/ujjwal-chaurasia/|author=Farhana Khatoon|accessdate=8 September 2023}}</ref>

== Career ==
=== YouTube ===
Ujjwal Chaurasia's journey in the [[gaming]] and [[YouTube]] world is indeed impressive. His passion for gaming started at a young age and envolved into a successful career. He launched his ''Techno Gamerz'' channel in August 2017.<ref name="ch">{{cite web|title=Ujjwal Chaurasia and his inspiring journey of turning his passion into a career|url=https://www.socialketchup.in/ujjwal-chaurasia-and-his-inspiring-journey-of-turning-his-passion-into-a-career/|author=Mrinil Mathur|accessdate=9 September 2023}}</ref>He launched a second YouTube channel titled ''Ujjwal'' in January 2018. The Techno Gamerz channel, focusing on [[technology]] and gaming content.<ref>{{cite web|title=Meet Ujjwal Chaurasia, The Incredible 'Techno Gamerz' With A New GTA Gameplay Web-Series|url=https://www.india.com/technology/meet-ujjwal-chaurasia-the-incredible-techno-gamerz-with-a-new-gta-gameplay-web-series-4350244/|website=India.com|accessdate=6 September 2023}}</ref>His dedication paid off when one of his video on how to download 'Dragon Bal Z Xenoverse' went viral.

=== Music ===
He has also diversified his interests by venturing into [[hip-hop]], recording a song titled 'Game On'<ref>{{cite news|title=Meet Techno Gamerz, Whose Love for Contra Made Him The Biggest YouTuber of India|url=https://www.news18.com/viral/meet-techno-gamerz-whose-love-for-contra-made-him-the-biggest-youtuber-of-india-8509171.html|newspaper=news18|accessdate=9 September 2023}}</ref>with Indian producer Sez on the Best.

== See also ==
*[[List of Youtubers]]

== References ==

{{reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Twitter|UjjwalGamer}}
{{Portal bar|Biography|Internet|India|Video games|Music}}

[[Category:Indian YouTubers]]
[[Category:Indian rappers]]

Bara Surajpur

2023-09-06T22:46:38Z

Abbhi911: Shared a valuable article.

{{Short description|Village in Uttar Pradesh, India}}
{{Use dmy dates}}
{{Use Indian English}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Bara Surajpur
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_map =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|27.2817337|N|79.1720653|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Mainpuri district|Mainpuri]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Tehsil]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Bhongaon]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2011 A"/>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 6.117
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 2796
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2011 A"/>
| demographics_type1 =
| demographics1_title1 =
| demographics1_info1 =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code =
| registration_plate =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Bara Surajpur''' ([[Devanagari]]: बरा सूरजपुर {{IAST|Barā Sūrajpur}}) is a village in [[Sultanganj, Mainpuri|Sultanganj]] block of [[Mainpuri district]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]. As of 2011, it has a population of 2,796, in 453 households.

== Demographics ==
As of 2011, Bara Surajpur had a population of 2,796, in 453 households.<ref name="Census 2011 A"/>{{rp|167}} This population was 51.8% male (1,447) and 48.2% female (1,349). The 0-6 age group numbered 409 (219 male and 190 female), or 14.6% of the total population. 126 residents were members of Scheduled Castes, or 4.5% of the total.<ref name="Census 2011 B">{{cite web |title=Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Mainpuri, Part B (Village and Town Wise Primary Census Abstract) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1259/download/4050/DH_2011_0917_PART_B_DCHB_MAINPURI.pdf |website=Census of India |access-date=19 June 2023}}</ref>{{rp|124-5}}

The [[1981 Census of India|1981 census]] recorded Bara Surajpur as having a population of 1,588 people, in 277 households.<ref name="Census 1981">{{cite book |title=Census 1981 Uttar Pradesh: District Census Handbook Part XIII-A: Village & Town Directory, District Mainpuri |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/29484/download/32665/28516_1981_MAI.pdf |access-date=25 July 2023}}</ref>{{rp|166-7}}

The [[1961 Census of India|1961 census]] recorded Bara Surajpur as comprising 5 hamlets, with a total population of 1,177 people (607 male and 570 female), in 217 households and 174 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 1,028 acres.<ref name="Census 1961">{{cite book |title=Census 1961: District Census Handbook, Uttar Pradesh (24 - Mainpuri District) |location=Lucknow |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/28772/download/31954/22833_1961_MAI.pdf |access-date=25 December 2021}}</ref>{{rp|xcii}}

== Infrastructure ==
As of 2011, Bara Surajpur had 1 primary school; it did not have any healthcare facilities. Drinking water was provided by hand pump and tube well/borehole; there were no public toilets. The village had a post office but no public library; there was at least some access to electricity for all purposes. Streets were made of both ''[[Indian vernacular architecture#kachcha|kachcha]]'' and ''[[Indian vernacular architecture#pucca|pakka]]'' materials.<ref name="Census 2011 A">{{cite web |title=Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Mainpuri, Part A (Village and Town Directory) |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1258/download/4046/DH_2011_0917_PART_A_DCHB_MAINPURI.pdf |website=Census of India |access-date=19 June 2023}}</ref>{{rp|167-72}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Mainpuri district}}

[[Category:Villages in Mainpuri district]]

Athulya Chandra

2023-07-20T09:33:10Z

Abbhi911:

{{Notability|1=Biographies}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Athulya Chandra
| image = ATHULYA CHANDRA.jpg
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1996|11|03}}
| birth_place = [[Changanassery]], [[Kottayam]]
| nationality = Indian
| citizenship = Indian
| alma_mater = [[Bachelor of Laws]], Institute of Law, [[Kurukshetra University]]
| years_active = 2019 - present
}}
'''Athulya Chandra<ref>{{Cite web |title=ATHULYA CHANDRA MOVIES |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Athulya-Chandra/movies |website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Athulya Chandra |url=https://in.bookmyshow.com/person/athulya-chandra/2029076 |website=Book My Show}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Actress Athulya Chandra Unveils 1st Look Of Telugu Film Maruva Tarama |url=https://www.news18.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/actress-athulya-chandra-unveils-1st-look-of-telugu-film-maruva-tarama-7720111.html |website=News18}}</ref>''' is an Indian actress who has appeared in films in [[Malayalam]], [[Tamil language|Tamil]], and [[Telugu language|Telugu]]. She did a lot of commercials.

== Personal life ==
{{BLP unreferenced section}}
Athulya Chandra<ref>{{Cite web |title=Actress Athulya Chandra Unveils 1st Look Of Telugu Film Maruva Tarama |url=https://www.news18.com/entertainment/telugu-cinema/actress-athulya-chandra-unveils-1st-look-of-telugu-film-maruva-tarama-7720111.html |website=News18}}</ref> was born in [[Changanassery]], [[Kottayam district|Kottayam]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=About District |url=https://kottayam.nic.in/en/about-district/ |website=kottayam.nic.in}}</ref>. She attended Carmel Girls Higher Secondary School in St. Mary's Convent College, [[Nainital]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nainital |url=https://uttarakhandtourism.gov.in/destination/nainital |website=uttarakhandtourism.gov.in}}</ref>. She graduated in [[Bachelor of Laws]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Institute of Law |url=https://www.kuk.ac.in/information.php?action=showContent&L01_id=OA==&L01_direction=H&L03_id=Nzk=&L02_id=NDM=&sublevel=y |website=Kurukshetra University}}</ref> from [[Kurukshetra University|Kurukshethra University]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kurukshetra University |url=https://www.kuk.ac.in/ |website=Kurukshetra University}}</ref>.

== Career ==
Athulya Chandra<ref>{{Cite web |title=ATHULYA CHANDRA MOVIES |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Athulya-Chandra/movies |website=Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Athulya Chandra |url=https://www.amazon.com/prime-video/actor/Athulya-Chandra/amzn1.dv.gti.344aaf78-89c0-4674-bc4a-750c04e4a702/ |website=amazon.com}}</ref> began her acting career in 2019 with an advertisement for [[Kerala Tourism]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kumbalangi through the lens of a Solo Traveler {{!}} Solo Traveler Series {{!}} HDR {{!}} Kerala Tourism |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UlxEjrRRIdY |via=YouTube}}</ref>. She appeared in commercials for [[MakeMyTrip]], [[Tanishq]], and other companies.

In 2019, Athulya made her film acting debut in [[Mathu Vadalara]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mathu Vadalara Movie Review : A perfect thriller which makes audience glued to their seats and also spills some laughs. |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/telugu/movie-reviews/mathu-vadalara/movie-review/72965795.cms |website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mathu Vadalara |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt11469744/ |publisher=IMDb}}</ref>. She then appeared in [[Ganagandharvan]] (2019), [[Trip (film)|Trip]] (2021), [[Gulu Gulu]] (2022), and [[Innale Vare]] (2022). Maruva Tarama<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mathu Vadalara actress Athulya Chandra returns to Telugu cinema with Maruva Tarama, paired opposite Adhvaith Dhanunjaya |url=https://www.ottplay.com/news/mathu-vadalara-actress-athulya-chandra-returns-to-telugu-cinema-with-maruva-tarama-paired-opposite-adhvaith-dhanunjaya/d6b05b9dd7948 |website=OTT Play}}</ref> is her forthcoming film.

== Filmography ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Year
!Title
!Role
!Language
|-
|2019
|[[Mathu Vadalara|''Mathu Vadalara'']]
|Myrah
|[[Telugu language|Telugu]]
|-
|2019
|''[[Ganagandharvan]]''
|Sandra Samson
|[[Malayalam]]
|-
|2021
|[[Trip (film)|''Trip'']]
|Samrin
|[[Tamil language|Tamil]]
|-
|2022
|[[Gulu Gulu|''Gulu Gulu'']]
|Matilda Christopher
|[[Tamil language|Tamil]]
|-
|2022
|[[Innale Vare|''Innale Vare'']]
|Karthika Lakshmi
|[[Malayalam]]
|-
|2023
|''Maruva Tarama''
|
|[[Telugu language|Telugu]]
|}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{IMDb name|11215130}}
* https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Athulya-Chandra/movies?from=mdr

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chandra, Athulya}}
[[Category:21st-century Indian actresses]]
[[Category:1996 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Changanassery]]
[[Category:Kurukshetra University alumni]]

Anitha Karthikeyan

2023-07-16T21:55:40Z

Abbhi911: Article published.

{{short description|Indian playback singer}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Anitha Karthikeyan
| image = Anitha_Karthikeyan.jpg
| caption =
| image_size =
| birth_name =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = Chennai, [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]
| instrument = Voice
| genre =
| occupation = [[Playback singer]]
| years_active = 1997 – current
| website =
}}
'''Anitha Karthikeyan''' ({{lang-ta|அனிதா கார்த்திகேயன்}}) is an Indian [[Playback singer]].<ref>{{cite news |title=‘தமிழா தமிழா நாளை நம் நாளே’ 65 பாடகர்கள் சேர்ந்து பாடிய ஒன்றிணைவோம் ஆல்பம் |url=https://tamil.indianexpress.com/entertainment/thamizha-thamizha-song-ar-rahman-together-as-one-65-singers-5-languages-one-nation-one-song-214871/ |access-date=13 July 2023 |publisher=tamil.indianexpress }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=ஒரு புத்தாக்க முயற்சியாக தமிழர் பண்பாட்டை பறைசாற்றும் ‘கட்டில்’ |url=https://www.tamilmurasu.com.sg/lifestyle/story20230322-126581 |access-date=15 July 2023 |agency=tamilmurasu.com.sg |publisher=tamilmurasu.com.sg }}</ref>She has sung more than 250 film songs mostly in south Indian languages including [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Malayalam]] and [[Kannada]]. It was the song "Mannavane Mannavane" from the 2015 Tamil movie ''[[Puli (2015 film)|Puli]]'' which “has brought her to the limelight.”<ref name="auto">{{cite news |last1=KADHIR |first1=PREETHA |title=Winning the numbers game |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/anitha-tells-about-her-experience-of-singing-for-sridevi-in-puli/article7645720.ece |access-date=13 July 2023 |publisher=thehindu.com }}</ref> In the beginning, she sang more melodious and classical based tune songs, she later became known for fast track hit numbers.<ref name="auto3">{{cite news |last1=CR |first1=Sharanya |title=Your debut might be easy, but survival matters |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/tamil/music/your-debut-might-be-easy-but-survival-matters/articleshow/47732206.cms |access-date=13 July 2023 |publisher=times of india }}</ref> In 2010, she won the Vijay Music award in the popular mass song category for the song “Vaada Vaada Paiya” from Tamil film ''[[Kacheri Arambam]]''.<ref name="auto1">{{cite news |last1=Sanjeevi |first1=Kaviya |title=Always on song |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/education/edex/2014/dec/21/Always-on-song-696804.html |access-date=13 July 2023 |publisher=newindianexpress.com }}</ref> She is also known for singing [[Jingle]]s for [[Television advertisement|TV commercials]].<ref name="auto3"/> Besides, she has sung title track for different [[Serial (radio and television)|TV Serials]] including the “Achuvellam Pacharasi Mavilakku” for ''[[Kula Deivam (TV series)]]''.<ref name="auto1"/> She has performed in numerous live [[concert]]s in India and abroad including in [[Ilaiyaraaja]]’s [[orchestra]]s.<ref>{{cite news |title=Indian musician Ilaiyaraaja to perform in Dubai |url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/entertainment/indian-musician-ilaiyaraaja-to-perform-in-dubai?_refresh=true |access-date=13 July 2023 |publisher=khaleejtimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=South Indian legend Ilaiyaraaja will perform live in Dubai |url=https://gulfnews.com/entertainment/south-indian/south-indian-legend-ilaiyaraaja-will-perform-live-in-dubai-1.91471773 |access-date=13 July 2023 |publisher=gulfnews.com }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Quebec Tamils celebrate NSSC Mega Blast Sports Festival |url=https://www.tamilguardian.com/content/quebec-tamils-celebrate-nssc-mega-blast-sports-festival |access-date=15 July 2023 |publisher=tamilguardian.com }}</ref>

== Early life and education==
Anitha Karthikeyan was born in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. She began her school education at the Saraswathi Vidyalaya School, Chennai.<ref name="auto3"/> Simultaneously, she learned [[Classical music|western music lessons]] and [[Hindustani classical music]]. She continued her higher education at [[Ethiraj College for Women]], Chennai where she completed her BSc in [[computer science]] in 2003. She later graduated with MSc in [[information technology]] from M.O.P Vaishnav College for Women, Chennai in 2005.<ref name="auto1"/> Since her childhood she was participating in different musical competitions.<ref name="auto3"/> However, it was during her studies at Ethiraj College, she developed her singing skills.<ref name="auto3"/>

== Singing career ==
After completing her higher education, she started her professional career as a [[Software engineering|software engineer]] in Chennai. When the Vijay TV’s Super Singer Season 1 was announced in 2006, she became one of its [[Airtel Super Singer 1|contestants]].<ref name="auto"/> She won the title "[[Super Singer (Tamil reality show)|Viewer's Choice super singer]]" which introduced her to the music world, and changed her career as a playback singer.<ref name="auto1"/> In 2007, she made her debut in the movie ''[[Marudhamalai (film)|Marudhamalai]]'' by [[D. Imman]], the music director.<ref name="auto"/><ref name="auto3"/> Under his [[musical composition]], she sang various genres. She soon started singing under the compositions of different music directors in Tamil, Telugu and Kannada. She got a chance to meet music director Ilaiyaraaja when she became a part of [[Backing vocalist|backing vocals]] during one of his musical compositions for a Kannada movie. She later rendered classical hits in the Telugu movie ''[[Sri Rama Rajyam]]'' under the musical composition of laiyaraaja.<ref name="auto1"/> She has sung 25 songs for Ilaiyaraaja alone.<ref name="auto"/>
Some of Anitha’s popular songs include “Putham Puthu Kaalai” (''[[Megha (2014 film)|Megha]]''), “Kattikida” (''[[Kakki Sattai (soundtrack)|Kaaki Sattai]]''), “Idhedho Bagunde” (''[[Mirchi (film)|Mirchi]]''), “Loveaa” (''[[Uttama Villain (soundtrack)|Uttama Villain]]''), “Senga Soola Kara” (''[[Vaagai Sooda Vaa]]''), “Shokku Sundari” (''[[Ainthaam Padai]]'') and “Amma Wake Me Up” (''[[Vathikuchi]]'').<ref name="auto"/><ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto3"/>

==Discography==
The discography of Anitha Karthikeyan includes<ref>{{cite web |title=Anitha Karthikeyan |url=https://www.jiosaavn.com/artist/anitha-karthikeyan-/APFjQf9Ivdc_ |website=jiosaavn.com |publisher=jiosaavn.com |access-date=13 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Anitha Karthikeyan |url=https://music.apple.com/us/artist/anitha-karthikeyan/692477372 |website=music.apple.com |publisher=music.apple.com |access-date=15 July 2023}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year!!Film!!Language!!Songs!!Music Director!!Co-singers
|-
|2007||[[Marudhamalai (film)|Marudhamalai]] ||Tamil|| Marudhamalai || [[D. Imman]] || D. Imman
|-
|2007||[[Marudhamalai (film)|Marudhamalai]] ||Tamil|| Marudhamalai II|| D. Imman || [[Madhu Balakrishnan]]
|-
|2007||[[Puli Varudhu]]||Tamil|| Oru Murai || [[Srikanth Deva]] || Madhu Balakrishnan
|-
|2009||[[Odipolama]]||Tamil|| Vaalu Paiyane||D. Imman|| [[Ranjith (singer)|Ranjith]]
|-
|2009||[[Kannukulle]]||Tamil|| Vaanambaadigal|| Ilaiyaraaja || Priya, Surmukhi Raman
|-
|2010||[[Kacheri Arambam]]||Tamil|| Vaada Vaada||D. Imman|| M. L. R. Karthikeyan, Watta Bottles
|-
|2010|| [[Thottupaar]] ||Tamil|| Seema Sirikki||Srikanth Deva|| [[Jassie Gift]]
|-
|2010|| [[Suryakaanti]] ||Kannada|| Swalpa Soundu||Ilaiyaraaja|| Ilaiyaraja, Roshini, megha, Suvvi, Reshma, Neha
|-
|2010|| [[Gaayam 2]] ||Telugu|| Masaka Venaka||Ilaiyaraaja||
|-
|2010|| [[Swayamvara (2010 film)|Swayamvara]] ||Kannada|| Milky Baby|| [[Manikanth Kadri]] || Balu Thangachan, Sindhuja Rajaram
|-
|2010||[[Prithvi (2010 film)|Prithvi]]||Kannada|| Haagella Nee Nodabeda || Manikanth Kadri || Haricharan
|-
|2011||[[Vaagai Sooda Vaa]]||Tamil|| Senga Soola Kaara||[[Ghibran]]||
|-
|2011|| [[Sri Rama Rajyam]] ||Tamil|| Mangalam Ramunaku||[[Ilaiyaraaja]] || [[Chinmayi Sripaada|Chinmayi]]
|-
|2011|| [[Sri Rama Rajyam]] ||Telugu|| Mangalam Ramunaku|| Ilaiyaraaja|| Keertana S K
|-
|2011||[[Ponnar Shankar (film)|Ponnar Shankar]]||Tamil|| Annanmar Kathai||Ilaiyaraaja|| Madhu Balakrishnan, Hemambika
|-
|2011||[[Azhagarsamiyin Kuthirai]]||Tamil|| Adiye Ivale||Ilaiyaraaja|| [[Naresh Iyer]]
|-
|2011||[[Thambikottai]]||Tamil|| Noorandu Vazhga||D. Imman|| Thanjai Selvi, Snehan, Lenin Bharathi, Hemambika, Murugan, Iyyappan, Master Regan, Senthildass Velayutham
|-
|2011||[[Mankatha (soundtrack)|Mankatha]]||Tamil|| Vilaiyaadu Mankatha|| [[Yuvan Shankar Raja]] || [[Suchitra]], [[Premgi Amaren]], Ranjith, Yuvan Shankar Raja
|-
|2011||[[Puli Vesham]]||Tamil|| Top Glass||Srikanth Deva|| [[Surmukhi Raman]], M.L.R.Karthikeyan, Srikanth Deva
|-
|2011||Konjam Sirippu Konjam Kobam||Tamil|| Valaivugalale||Sunil Xavier||
|-
|2011||Oththigai||Tamil|| Machakkari||[[John Peter (music director)|John Peter]]|| [[Vijay Prakash]]
|-
|2011|| [[Vellore Maavattam]] ||Tamil|| Kannala Parkurathum|| [[Sundar C. Babu]] ||
|-
|2012|| [[Kalakalappu]] ||Tamil|| Ava Thirumbipaarthu|| [[Vijay Ebenezer]] || [[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]]
|-
|2012|| [[Crazy Loka]] ||Kannada|| Naavu Aaramagiddare|| Manikanth Kadri || [[Benny Dayal]], Janani
|-
|2012|| [[Saattai]] ||Tamil|| Adi Raangi|| D. Imman|| Santhosh Hariharan
|-
|2012|| [[Prasad (2012 film)|Prasad]] ||Kannada|| Ondu Aramane|| Ilaiyaraaja || Ilaiyaraaja, Rita, Surmukhi Raman
|-
|2012|| [[Kandathum Kanathathum]] ||Tamil|| Asukku Buskku Aasai Dosai Appala Vadai ||Charlie V A||
|-
|2012|| [[Sengathu Bhoomiyilae]] ||Tamil|| Oram Po Oram Po||Ilaiyaraaja|| [[R. Prasanna]], [[Priya Himesh]], [[Haricharan]]
|-
|2012|| Sengathu Bhoomiyilae ||Tamil|| Sikkikichu Sikkichu||Ilaiyaraaja|| R.Prasanna, Priya, Haricharan
|-
|2012|| [[Pandi Oliperukki Nilayam]] ||Tamil|| Kettukodi Urumimelam (remix)|| Kavi Periya Thambi|| MLR Karthikeyan
|-
|2012|| [[Daruvu]] ||Telugu|| Athiri Chirabara|| [[Vijay Antony]] || [[Hemachandra (singer)|Hemachandra]]
|-
|2012||Kazhugu (2012 film)|Kazhugu ||Tamil|| Vaadi Vaadi||Yuvan Shankar Raja|| [[SuVi|Suvi Suresh]], [[Pushpavanam Kuppusamy]]
|-
|2013|| [[Mirchi (film)|Mirchi]] ||Telugu|| Idhedho Bagundey || [[Devi Sri Prasad]] || Vijay Prakash
|-
|2013|| [[Gundello Godari]] ||Telugu|| Ekkadundhi Naa Kod|| Ilaiyaraaja || [[Mano (singer)|Mano]]
|-
|2013|| [[Gundello Godari]] ||Tamil|| Enga Irukku En Kozhi|| Ilaiyaraaja || Mano
|-
|2013|| [[Sillunu Oru Sandhippu]] ||Tamil|| Adi Aathi|| [[F. S. Faizal]]|| Aalap Raju
|-
|2013|| [[Iddarammayilatho]] ||Telugu|| Violin Song (girl just)|| Devi Sri Prasad ||
|-
|2013||[[Alex Pandian]]||Tamil|| Naalu Pakkam||DeviSri Prasad|| Devi Sri Prasad
|-
|2013|| [[Karuppampatti]] ||Tamil|| Kannamma Chinna Ponnamma||Kannan|| Thilaga, Suchitra, Priya
|-
|2013||[[Vathikuchi]]||Tamil|| Amma Wake Me Up||Ghibran|| Shruthi Ravi, [[Shabir Sulthan]]
|-
|2014|| [[Namo Bhootatma]] ||Kannada|| Paravasam Paravasam||[[Emil Mohammed|Farhaan Roshan]]|| Al Rufian
|-
|2014|| [[Pulivaal]] ||Tamil|| Kichu Kichu||[[N. R. Raghunanthan]]|| Haricharan
|-
|2014|| Jamaai ||Tamil|| Sengaal naaraai||Dhina||
|-
|2014|| [[Kaadu (2014 film)|Kaadu]] ||Tamil|| Oororam (Female Version)||[[K (composer)|K]]||
|-
|2014||[[Megha (2014 film)|Megha]]||Tamil||Putham Puthu Kaalai|| Ilaiyaraaja||
|-
|2014|| [[Bramman]]||Tamil||En Uyirin Uyiraga||DeviSri Prasad || Devi Sri Prasad
|-
|2015|| [[Puli (2015 film)|Puli]]||Tamil||Mannavanae Mannavanae|| Devi Sri Prasad|| [[Sooraj Santhosh]], Chinmayee, M.L.R.Karthikeyan
|-
|2015|| Ore Oru Raja Mokka Raja||Tamil||Adidaa Mela Thaalam|| || [[Sreerama Chandra]]
|-
|2015|| Ore Oru Raja Mokka Raja||Tamil||Poovellam Kettuppar|| ||
|-
|2015|| [[Touring Talkies]]||Tamil||Nenju Porukuthilayae|| Ilaiyaraaja|| [[Sharreth]]
|-
|2015|| [[Kakki Sattai (soundtrack)|Kaaki Sattai]]||Tamil||Kattikida||[[Anirudh Ravichander]]|| [[M. M. Manasi]], [[Anthony Daasan]]
|-
|2015||[[Thilagar]]||Tamil||Oorellam Vettu Satham||[[Kannan (composer)|Kannan]] || [[Mukesh Mohamed]]
|-
|2015||[[Uttama Villain (soundtrack)|Uttama Villain]]||Tamil||Loveaa Loveaa|| Ghibran|| Nivas, Kamal Hassan, Sharanya Gopinath
|-
|2015|| [[India Pakistan]] ||Tamil||Vaadi Kutty Lady||Dheena Devarajan ||Nivas
|-
|2015|| [[Chandi Veeran]] ||Tamil||Kothaani kannala||S. N. Arunagiri||
|-
|2016|| [[Kidaari]]||Tamil||Thalakaalu Puriyalaiyae||[[Darbuka Siva]]|| Velmurugan
|-
|2016|| [[Adra Machan Visilu]]||Tamil||Thalaivan Purantha Naalu||N. R. Raghunanthan || [[Diwakar]]
|-
|2016|| [[Oyee]]||Tamil||Mudinja Oru Kai Paaru|| Ilaiyaraaja||R.Prasanna
|-
|2017|| [[Kadamban]]||Tamil||Saama Kodaangi|| Yuvan Shankar Raja|| [[Velmurugan]], Jayamoorthy
|-
|2017|| [[Juliet Lover of Idiot]]||Telugu||Neekai Vechey|| [[Ratheesh Vega]] ||
|-
|2017|| [[Enga Amma Rani]]||Tamil||Amma Endru|| Ilaiyaraaja|| [[Aalap Raju]]
|-
|2018|| [[Nagesh Thiraiyarangam]] ||Tamil|| Vaadi Vaadi || Srikanth Deva || [[Gana Bala]]
|-
|2018|| [[Prema Baraha]] ||Tamil|| Rama Rama|| Jassie Gift|| Haricharan
|-
|2018|| [[Prema Baraha]] ||Kannada|| Rama Rama|| Jassie Gift|| Haricharan
|-
|2018|| [[Music School (film)|Music School]] ||Hindi|| IIT to MIT My Song Will Go|| Ilaiyaraaja|| RS Rakthaksh, K Vasudevan
|-
|2018|| [[Appa (2016 film)|Appa]] ||Tamil|| Nettru Vitta Neril || Ilaiyaraaja|| [[Rita Thyagarajan]]
|-
|2018|| [[Semma Botha Aagathey]] ||Tamil|| Itemkaaran|| Yuvan Shankar Raja|| Ranjith
|-
|2018|| [[Seemathurai]] ||Tamil|| Karuvalan Kaattukku|| [[Jose Franklin]]|| Sathyaprakash
|-
|2019|| [[Sivappu Manjal Pachai]]||Tamil|| Raakaachi Rangamma|| Siddhu Kumar||
|-
|2019|| [[Mr. Perfect (film)|Mr. Perfect]]||Telugu|| Dhol Dhol Dhol Bhaaje (Ghallu Ghallu Mani)|| Devi Sri Prasad|| MLR Karthikeyan
|-
|2019|| [[Thorati]]||Tamil|| Potta Kaadellam|| Faizanjavedifti Shankar and Jithin K. Roshan|| [[Manikka Vinayagam]], [[Chinnaponnu]], Gowtham Bharadwa
|-
|2020||Gillidaa||Tamil|| Balley Balley||DeviSri Prasad|| [[S. N. Surendar]]
|-
|2022||[[Idam Porul Yaeval ]]||Tamil|| Eerakkaathae||Yuvan Shankar Raja|| [[Senthildass Velayutham]]
|-
|2023||Maranthen Mannithen||Tamil|| Engu Irukku En Kozhi ||Ilaiyaraaja|| Mano
|}

== References ==
<references/>

==External links==
*[https://gaana.com/artist/anitha-karthikeyan-11/tamil-songs/gaana.com, Anitha's Songs]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Karthikeyan, Anitha}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Tamil playback singers]]
[[Category:Women musicians from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Singers from Chennai]]
[[Category:Kannada playback singers]]
[[Category:Malayalam playback singers]]
[[Category:Indian women playback singers]]
[[Category:Telugu playback singers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women singers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian singers]]

Caliphate campaigns in India

2023-05-30T13:59:55Z

Abbhi911: Shared a valuable publication.

#REDIRECT [[Umayyad campaigns in India]]

{{R from move}}

Astrosat

2023-05-05T22:38:30Z

Abbhi911: Developed unique article content.

{{Short description|Space observatory}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = ''Astrosat''
| names_list = 

| image = File:Astrosat-1_in_deployed_configuration_001.png
| image_caption = 
| image_size = 300px

| mission_type = [[Space telescope]]
| operator = [[ISRO]]
| COSPAR_ID = 2015-052A
| SATCAT = 40930
| website = {{url|http://astrosat.iucaa.in/}}
| mission_duration = Planned: 5 years Elapsed : {{time interval|28 September 2015|show=ymd|sep=,}}
| spacecraft = ''Astrosat''
| manufacturer = 
| launch_mass = {{convert|1513|kg|abbr=on}}
| dry_mass = 
| payload_mass = 
| dimensions =
| power = 

| launch_date = {{start date|2015|09|28}}<ref name="astro15">{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/indias-eye-on-universe-ready-for-tests/article7224853.ece | title=India's eye on universe ready for tests | access-date= May 20, 2015 | newspaper=The Hindu | date=2015-05-19 | last1=s | first1=Madhumathi D. }}</ref><ref name="astrosatiucaa">{{cite web|url=http://astrosat.iucaa.in/ |title=ASTROSAT: A Satellite Mission for Multi-wavelength Astronomy |publisher=[[IUCAA]] |access-date=2013-09-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130422111440/http://astrosat.iucaa.in/ |archive-date=2013-04-22 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| launch_rocket = [[PSLV|PSLV-C30]]
| launch_site = [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre First Launch Pad]]
| launch_contractor = ISRO

| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit|Geocentric]]
| orbit_regime = [[Near-equatorial orbit|Near-equatorial]]
| orbit_slot = 
| orbit_semimajor = 7020 km
| orbit_eccentricity = 
| orbit_periapsis = 643.5 km
| orbit_apoapsis = 654.9 km
| orbit_inclination = 6.0°
| orbit_period = 97.6 min
| orbit_RAAN = 
| orbit_arg_periapsis = 
| orbit_mean_anomaly = 
| orbit_mean_motion = 
| orbit_repeat = 
| orbit_velocity = 
| orbit_epoch = 
| orbit_rev_number = 
| apsis = gee

| instrument_type = 
| telescope_name = 
| telescope_type = 
| telescope_diameter = 
| telescope_focal_length = 
| telescope_area = 
| telescope_wavelength = Far [[Ultraviolet]] to hard [[X-ray astronomy|X-ray]]
| telescope_resolution = 
| instruments = UVIT SXT LAXPC CZTI SSM CPM

| insignia = 
| insignia_caption = 
| insignia_alt = 
| insignia_size = 
| next_mission = [[AstroSat-2]]
}}

'''''Astrosat''''' is India's first dedicated multi-wavelength [[space telescope]]. It was launched on a [[PSLV|PSLV-XL]] on 28 September 2015.<ref name="astro15" /><ref name=astrosatiucaa/> With the success of this satellite, ISRO has proposed launching ''[[AstroSat-2]]'' as a successor for ''Astrosat''.<ref name=TOI1>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/science/isro-plans-to-launch-indias-2nd-space-observatory/articleshow/62975636.cms Isro plans to launch India's 2nd space observatory] Times of India 19 February 2018</ref>

==Overview==
After the success of the satellite-borne [[Indian X-ray Astronomy Experiment]] (IXAE), which was launched in 1996, the [[Indian Space Research Organization]] (ISRO) approved further development for a full-fledged astronomy satellite, ''Astrosat'', in 2004.<ref name="thehindu">{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article3650407.ece | title=India set to launch Astrosat next year | newspaper=[[The Hindu]] | date=2012-07-18 | access-date=2013-09-07 | last1=Raj | first1=N. Gopal }}</ref>

A number of astronomy research institutions in India, and abroad have jointly built instruments for the satellite. Important areas requiring coverage include studies of [[astrophysics|astrophysical]] objects ranging from nearby [[Solar System]] objects to distant stars and objects at [[cosmology|cosmological]] distances; timing studies of variables ranging from pulsations of hot [[white dwarf]]s to those of [[active galactic nucleus|active galactic nuclei]] can be conducted with ''Astrosat'' as well, with time scales ranging from milliseconds to days.

''Astrosat'' is a multi-[[wavelength]] astronomy mission on an IRS-class satellite into a near-Earth, [[equatorial orbit]]. The five instruments on board cover the [[visible spectrum|visible]] (320–530 nm), [[ultraviolet|near UV]] (180–300 nm), [[ultraviolet|far UV]] (130–180 nm), [[soft X-ray]] (0.3–8 keV and 2–10 keV) and [[hard X-ray]] (3–80 keV and 10–150 keV) regions of the [[electromagnetic spectrum]].

The sanctioned cost of Astrosat was ₹177.85 crore.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Launch of Astrosat |url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=132222 |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=pib.gov.in}}</ref> ''Astrosat'' was successfully launched on 28 September 2015 from the [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre]] on board a [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle|PSLV-XL]] vehicle at 10:00AM.

==Mission==
[[Image:Accretion disk.jpg|thumb|Artist's conception of a binary star system with one black hole and one main sequence star]]
[[File:Tilted view of Astrosat-1 with folded solar-arrays.jpg|thumb|Tilted view of Astrosat|alt=]]
''Astrosat'' is a proposal-driven general purpose observatory, with main scientific focus on:
* Simultaneous multi-wavelength monitoring of intensity variations in a broad range of cosmic sources
* Monitoring the X-ray sky for new transients
* Sky surveys in the hard X-ray and UV bands
* Broadband spectroscopic studies of X-ray binaries, [[Active galactic nucleus|AGN]], [[Supernova remnant|SNR]]s, clusters of galaxies, and stellar coronae
* Studies of periodic and non-periodic variability of X-ray sources

''Astrosat'' performs multi-wavelength observations covering spectral bands from radio, optical, IR, UV, and X-ray wavelengths. Both individual studies of specific sources of interest and [[astronomical survey|surveys]] are undertaken. While radio, optical, and IR observations would be coordinated through ground-based telescopes, the high energy regions, i.e., UV, X-ray and visible wavelength, would be covered by the dedicated satellite-borne instrumentation of ''Astrosat''.<ref name=yin2008>{{cite web | url=http://www.yourindustrynews.com/india+plans+for+x-ray+spacecraft+2009+launch_15475.html | title=India plans for X-ray spacecraft 2009 launch | publisher=Yourindustrynews.com | date=2008-11-13 | access-date=2010-11-24 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205220/http://www.yourindustrynews.com/india+plans+for+x-ray+spacecraft+2009+launch_15475.html | archive-date=2016-03-03 | url-status=dead }}</ref>

The mission would also study near simultaneous multi-wavelength data from different variable sources. In a [[binary system]], for example, regions near the compact object emit predominantly in the [[X-ray]], with the [[accretion disc]] emitting most of its light in the UV/optical waveband, whereas the mass of the donating star is brightest in the optical band.

The observatory will also carry out:
* Low- to moderate-resolution [[spectroscopy]] over a wide energy band with the primary emphasis on studies of X-ray-emitting objects
* Timing studies of periodic and aperiodic phenomena in X-ray binaries
* Studies of pulsations in [[X-ray pulsar]]s
* [[Quasi-periodic oscillations]], flickering, flaring, and other variations in X-ray binaries
* Short- and long-term intensity variations in [[active galactic nucleus|active galactic nuclei]]
* Time-lag studies in low/hard X-rays and UV/optical radiation
* Detection and study of X-ray transients.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isro.org/scripts/futureprogramme.aspx |title=Welcome To Indian Space Research Organisation :: Current Programme |publisher=Isro.org |access-date=2010-11-24| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101125163045/http://isro.org/scripts/futureprogramme.aspx| archive-date= 25 November 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref>

In particular, the mission will train its instruments at active galactic nuclei, which are believed to contain super-massive black holes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://kuku.sawf.org/News/57791.aspx |title=ISRO schedules Astrosat launch for 2010 |publisher=Kuku.sawf.org |access-date=2010-11-24 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719054844/http://kuku.sawf.org/News/57791.aspx |archive-date=2011-07-19 }}</ref>

==Payloads==
[[Image:Astrosat folded large.png|250px|right]]
The scientific payload contains six instruments.
* The '''Ultra Violet Imaging Telescope (UVIT)''' performs imaging simultaneously in three channels: 130–180 nm, 180–300 nm, and 320–530 nm. The three detectors are vacuum image intensifiers manufactured by [[Photek Ltd|Photek, UK]].<ref name=UVITdetectors>{{cite web| title=Photek UVIT Detectors |url=http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/physics/research/xroa/astronomical-facilities-1/world-space-observatory-4/presentations/Photek-Space%20Science%20Detector%20Capabilities.ppt/at_download/file| website=University of Leicester| access-date=18 March 2016}}</ref> The FUV detector consists of a [[Caesium iodide|CsI]] [[photocathode]] with a [[Magnesium fluoride|MgF{{sub|2}}]] input optic, the NUV detector consists of CsTe [[photocathode]] with a [[Fused quartz|fused-silica]] input optic and the visible detector consists of an alkali-antimonide [[photocathode]] with a [[Fused quartz|fused-silica]] input optic. The field of view is a circle of ~28′ diameter and the angular resolution is 1.8" for the ultraviolet channels and 2.5″ for the visible channel. In each of the three channels a spectral band can be selected through a set of filters mounted on a wheel; in addition, for the two ultraviolet channels a grating can be selected in the wheel to do slitless spectroscopy with a resolution of ~100. The primary mirror diameter of the telescope is 40 cm.<ref name=Astrosat/>
* The '''Soft X-ray imaging Telescope (SXT)''' employs focusing optics and a deep depletion CCD camera at the focal plane to perform X-ray imaging in the 0.3–8.0 keV band. The optics will consist of 41 concentric shells of gold-coated conical foil mirrors in an approximate Wolter-I configuration (the effective area of 120 cm2). The focal plane CCD camera will be very similar to that flown on SWIFT XRT. The CCD will be operated at a temperature of about −80 °C by thermoelectric cooling.<ref name=Astrosat/>
* The '''Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter (LAXPC)''' covers X-ray timing and low-resolution spectral studies over a broad energy band (3–80 keV), ''Astrosat'' will use a cluster of 3 co-aligned identical Large Area X-ray Proportional Counters (LAXPCs), each with a multi-wire-multi-layer configuration and a Field of View of 1° × 1°. These detectors are designed to achieve (I) wide energy band of 3–80 keV, (II) high detection efficiency over the entire energy band, (III) narrow field of view to minimize source confusion, (IV) moderate energy resolution, (V) small internal background and (VI) long lifetime in space. The effective area of the telescope is 6000 cm2.<ref name=Astrosat/>
* The '''Cadmium Zinc Telluride Imager (CZTI)''' is a hard X-ray imager. It will consist of a Pixellated Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride detector array of 500 cm2 effective area and the energy range from 10 to 150 kev.<ref name=Astrosat/> The detectors have a detection efficiency close to 100% up to 100 keV, and have a superior energy resolution (~2% at 60 keV) compared to scintillation and proportional counters. Their small pixel size also facilitates medium resolution imaging in hard x-rays. The CZTI will be fitted with a two dimensional [[Coded aperture|coded mask]], for imaging purposes. The sky brightness distribution will be obtained by applying a deconvolution procedure to the shadow pattern of the coded mask recorded by the detector. Apart from spectroscopic studies, CZTI would be able to do sensitive polarization measurements for bright galactic X-ray sources in 100–300 keV.<ref name=cztipol>{{cite journal|last1=Chattopadhyay|first1=T.|last2=Vadawale|first2=S.V.|last3=Rao|first3=A. R.|last4=Sreekumar|first4=S.|last5=Bhattacharya|first5=D.|title=Prospects of hard X-ray polarimetry with Astrosat-CZTI|journal=Experimental Astronomy|volume=37|issue=3|pages=555–577|doi=10.1007/s10686-014-9386-1|bibcode = 2014ExA....37..555C |s2cid=42864309}}</ref>
* The '''Scanning Sky Monitor (SSM)''' consists of three position sensitive proportional counters, each with a one-dimensional coded mask, very similar in design to the All Sky Monitor on NASA's [[Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer|RXTE satellite]]. The gas-filled proportional counter will have resistive wires as anodes. The ratio of the output charge on either ends of the wire will provide the position of the x-ray interaction, providing an imaging plane at the detector. The coded mask, consisting of a series of slits, will cast a shadow on the detector, from which the sky brightness distribution will be derived.
* The '''Charged Particle Monitor (CPM)''' will be included as a part of ''Astrosat'' payloads to control the operation of the LAXPC, SXT and SSM. Even though the orbital inclination of the satellite will be 8 deg or less, in about 2/3 of the orbits, the satellite will spend a considerable time (15–20 minutes) in the [[South Atlantic Anomaly]] (SAA) region which has high fluxes of low energy protons and electrons. The high voltage will be lowered or put off using data from CPM when the satellite enters the SAA region to prevent damage to the detectors as well as to minimize ageing effect in the Proportional Counters.

==Ground support==
The Ground Command and Control Center for ''Astrosat'' is the ISRO Telemetry, Tracking and Command Network (ISTRAC) at Bangalore, India. Command and control of the spacecraft, and scientific data downloads is possible during every visible pass over Bangalore. 10 out of 14 orbits per day are visible to the ground station.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://astrosat.iucaa.in/ | title=ASTROSAT | astrosat}}</ref> The satellite is capable of gathering 420 gigabits of data every day that can be downloaded during the 10 visible orbits by the Tracking and Data receiving center of ISRO in Bangalore. A third 11-meter antenna at the [[Indian Deep Space Network]] (IDSN) became operational in July 2009 to track ''Astrosat''.

==AstroSat Support Cell==
ISRO has set up a support cell for AstroSat at [[Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics|IUCAA]], [[Pune]]. A [[Memorandum of understanding|MoU]] was signed between ISRO and IUCAA in May 2016. The support cell has been set up to give opportunity to the scientific community in making proposals on processing and usage of AstroSat data. The support cell will provide necessary resource materials, tools, training and help to the guest observers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AstroSat Support Cell (ASC) has been Set up at IUCAA, Pune - ISRO |url=https://www.isro.gov.in/pslv-c30-astrosat-mission/astrosat-support-cell-asc-has-been-set-iucaa-pune |access-date=2022-09-05 |website=www.isro.gov.in}}</ref>

== Participants ==
The ''Astrosat'' project is a collaborative effort of many different research institutions. The participants are:
{{Div col |colwidth=25em}}

* [[Indian Space Research Organization]]
* [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research]], [[Mumbai]]
* [[Indian Institute of Astrophysics]], [[Bangalore]]
* [[Raman Research Institute]], [[Bangalore]]
* [[Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics]], [[Pune]]
* [[Physical Research Laboratory]], [[Ahmedabad]]
* [[Bhabha Atomic Research Centre]], [[Mumbai]]
* [[S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences]], [[Kolkata]]
* [[Presidency University, Kolkata]]
* [[Canadian Space Agency]]
* [[University of Leicester]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indodaily.com/reports/India_Works_With_University_Of_Leicester_On_First_National_Astronomy_Satellite_999.html |title=India Works With University Of Leicester On First National Astronomy Satellite |publisher=Indodaily.com |access-date=2010-11-24}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

==Timeline==
* 29 Sep 2020: The satellite completed its mission life of 5 years and will continue to remain operational for many years.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/science/india-s-space-telescope-completes-5-year-mission-life-will-continue-to-function-isro-chief/story-cqwBCQyVTzHu1B8SKsmfCK.html|title=India's space telescope completes 5-year mission life, will continue to function: ISRO chief|publisher=Hindustan Times}}</ref>
* 28 Sep 2018: The satellite has completed 3 years since its launch on 2015. It has observed over 750 sources and resulted in close to 100 publications in peer-reviewed journals.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.isro.gov.in/update/28-sep-2018/three-years-of-astrosat|title=Three years of AstroSat – ISRO|website=www.isro.gov.in|language=en|access-date=2018-09-28|archive-date=2019-08-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190830213436/http://isro.gov.in/update/28-sep-2018/three-years-of-astrosat|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*15 April 2016: The satellite has completed its performance verification and started its operations.<ref name="astrosat_iucaa">{{cite web | url=http://www.isro.gov.in/pslv-c30-astrosat-mission/astrosat-support-cell-asc-has-been-set-iucaa-pune | title=AstroSat Support Cell (ASC) has been Set up at IUCAA, Pune | publisher=isro.gov.in | work=Indian Space Research Organisation | access-date=May 23, 2016}}</ref>
* 28 Sep 2015: ASTROSAT has been successfully launched into orbit.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.isro.gov.in/pslv-c30-astrosat-mission/pslv-c30-astrosat-launch-live-webcast|title=PSLV-C30/ASTROSAT Launch Live Webcast|access-date=28 September 2015|work=Indian Space Research Organization|archive-date=10 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151210150952/http://www.isro.gov.in/pslv-c30-astrosat-mission/pslv-c30-astrosat-launch-live-webcast|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 10 Aug 2015: All tests passed. Pre-shipment review successfully completed.<ref name=Astrosat>{{cite web|url=http://astrosat.iucaa.in|title=ASTROSAT|access-date=28 September 2015|publisher=Indian Space Research Organization}}</ref>
* 24 July 2015: Thermovac completed. Solar panels attached. Start of final vibration tests.<ref name=Astrosat/>
* May 2015 : The integration of ''Astrosat'' is complete and final tests are under way. ISRO issued a press release stating that "The satellite is planned to be launched during the second half of 2015 by PSLV C-34 to a 650 km near equatorial orbit around the Earth."<ref>{{cite web|title=ASTROSAT crossed a major milestone – Spacecraft fully assembled and tests initiated|url=http://www.isro.gov.in/astrosat-crossed-major-milestone-%E2%80%93-spacecraft-fully-assembled-and-tests-initiated|website=ISRO|access-date=22 May 2015|archive-date=23 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151223213458/http://www.isro.gov.in/astrosat-crossed-major-milestone-%E2%80%93-spacecraft-fully-assembled-and-tests-initiated|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* April 2009 : Scientists from [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research]] (TIFR) have completed the developmental phase of complex science payloads and have begun integrating them before delivery of the 1,650 kg satellite ''Astrosat''. The challenges in the design of payloads and [[Attitude control system|Attitude Control System]] have been overcome and in a recent review committee meeting, it was decided that the delivery of the payload to the ISRO Satellite Centre will begin from the middle of 2009 and continue until early 2010 to enable the launch of ASTROSAT in 2010 using ISRO workhorse PSLV-C34.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.livemint.com/2009/04/22123907/ASTROSAT-to-be-launched-in-mid.html |title=ASTROSAT to be launched in mid-2010 – Technology |publisher=livemint.com |access-date=2010-11-24}}</ref>

==Results==
A [[gamma-ray burst]] was detected by ''Astrosat'' on 5 January 2017. There was a confusion whether this event was related to the gravitational wave signal detected by [[LIGO]] from the black hole merger event [[GW170104]] on 4 January 2017.<ref name="astro_gamma">{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/astrosat-rules-out-afterglow-in-black-hole-merger/article19094393.ece |title=AstroSat rules out afterglow in black hole merger|newspaper=The Hindu|last1=Desikan|first1=Shubashree}}</ref> ''Astrosat'' helped in distinguishing between the two events. The gamma-ray burst from 4 January 2017 was identified as a distinct supernova explosion that would form a black hole.<ref name="astro_gamma"/>

''Astrosat'' also captured the rare phenomenon of a 6 billion year old small star or [[blue straggler]] feeding off and sucking out the mass and energy of a bigger companion star.<ref name="astro_vampire">{{Cite web |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/tech-news-technology/vampire-star-caught-in-the-act-by-indian-space-observatory-4498660/ |title='Vampire' star caught in the act by Indian space observatory ASTROSAT}}</ref>

On 31 May 2017, ''Astrosat'', [[Chandra X-ray Observatory]] and [[Hubble Space Telescope]] simultaneously detected a [[stellar corona|coronal]] explosion on the nearest planet-hosting star [[Proxima Centauri]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.tifr.res.in/TSN/news_detail.php?id=124|title=News Detail {{!}} TIFR|website=www.tifr.res.in|language=en|access-date=2017-07-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://astrosat-ssc.iucaa.in/?q=press-release:Astrosat,%20Chandra%20and%20Hubble%20Space%20Telescope|title=Press Release: Astrosat, Chandra and Hubble Space Telescope simultaneously detect a coronal explosion on the nearest planet-hosting star {{!}} ASTROSAT SCIENCE SUPPORT CELL|website=astrosat-ssc.iucaa.in|language=en|access-date=2017-07-20}}</ref>

On 6 November 2017 ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature Astronomy]]'' published a paper from Indian astronomers measuring the variations of X-ray polarisation of the Crab Pulsar in the Taurus constellation.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-017-0293-z Phase-resolved X-ray polarimetry of the Crab pulsar with the AstroSat CZT Imager] Nature Astronomy 6 November 2017</ref><ref name="TOI201711">[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/science/indias-space-observatory-accomplishes-x-ray-polarisation/articleshow/61535714.cms India's space observatory accomplishes X-ray polarisation] Times of India 6 November 2017</ref> This study was a project conducted by scientists from [[Tata Institute of Fundamental Research]], Mumbai; the [[Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre]], Thiruvananthapuram; [[ISRO Satellite Centre]] Bengaluru; the [[Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics]], Pune; and the [[Physical Research Laboratory]], Ahmedabad.<ref name="TOI201711" />

In July 2018, ''Astrosat'' has captured an image of a special galaxy cluster that is more than 800 million light years away from Earth. Named abell 2256 the galaxy cluster is made of three separate cluster of galaxy that are all merging with one another to eventually form a single massive cluster in the future. The three massive cluster contain more than 500 galaxies and the cluster is almost 100 times larger and more than 1500 times massive as our own galaxy.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/science/isros-astrosat-captures-image-of-galaxy-cluster-800-million-light-years-away/articleshow/64836364.cms | title=Isro's Astrosat captures image of galaxy cluster 800 million light years away - Times of India| website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref>

On 26 September 2018, the archival data of AstroSat was publicly released.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.isro.gov.in/update/26-sep-2018/archival-data-of-astrosat-released|title=Archival Data of AstroSat released - ISRO|website=www.isro.gov.in|access-date=2019-08-03}}</ref> As of 28 September 2018, data from AstroSat has been cited in around 100 publications in refereed journals. This figure is expected to rise after the public release of data from AstroSat.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.isro.gov.in/update/28-sep-2018/three-years-of-astrosat|title=Three years of AstroSat - ISRO|website=www.isro.gov.in|access-date=2019-08-03|archive-date=2019-08-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190830213436/http://isro.gov.in/update/28-sep-2018/three-years-of-astrosat|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 2019 AstroSat observed a very rare X-ray outburst in a [[Be/X-ray binary]] system RX J0209.6-7427. Only a couple of rare outbursts have been observed from this source hosting a neutron star. The last outburst was detected in 2019 after about 26 years. The accreting neutron star in this Be/X-ray binary system was found to be an ultraluminous X-ray Pulsar (ULXP) making it the second closest ULXP and the first ULXP in our neighbouring Galaxy in the [[Magellanic Clouds]]. This source is the first ULX pulsar discovered with the AstroSat mission and only the eight known ULX pulsar.<ref>
{{cite journal
| author1 = Chandra, A. D.|author2=Roy, J. |author3=Agrawal, P. C.|author4=Choudhury, M.
| title = Study of recent outburst in the Be/X-ray binary RX J0209.6−7427 with AstroSat: a new ultraluminous X-ray pulsar in the Magellanic Bridge?
| journal = Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
| date = 2020
| volume = 495
| issue = 3
| pages = 2664–2672
| doi = 10.1093/mnras/staa1041
| bibcode = 2020MNRAS.495.2664C
|arxiv = 2004.04930|s2cid=215737137 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Ultra-bright X-ray source awakens near a galaxy not so far away |url=https://ras.ac.uk/news-and-press/research-highlights/ultra-bright-x-ray-source-awakens-near-galaxy-not-so-far-away |work=Royal Astronomical Society}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Ultra-Bright Pulsar Awakens Next Door To The Milky Way After 26-Year Slumber |url=https://www.iflscience.com/space/ultrabright-pulsar-awakens-next-door-to-the-milky-way-after-26year-slumber/ |work=Alfredo Carpineti}}</ref>

In August 2020, ''AstroSat'' had detected extreme-UV light from a galaxy located 9.3 billion light-years away from Earth. The galaxy called AUDFs01 was discovered by a team of Astronomers led by Kanak Saha from the [[Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics]], Pune <ref>{{cite news | title=Global team of scientists discovers one of the earliest galaxies using India's AstroSat | url=https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/science/global-team-led-by-iucaa-scientists-marks-a-major-breakthrough-6568281/ |website=The Indian Express }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Saha, K , Tandon, S N , Simmonds, C et al.|title=AstroSat detection of Lyman continuum emission from a z = 1.42 galaxy.|url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-020-1173-5%20#citeas|journal=Nature Astronomy|volume=4|issue=12 |page=1185|doi=10.1038/s41550-020-1173-5|arxiv=2008.11394|bibcode=2020NatAs...4.1185S|s2cid=221319445|access-date=6 November 2020}}</ref>

== In popular culture ==
In 2019 a documentary titled ''Indian Space Dreams'' on the developmental journey of Astrosat, and directed by Sue Sudbury, was released.<ref>{{Citation|title=Indian Space Dreams|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt11178478/|access-date=2020-01-27}}</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal |Spaceflight}}
*[[AstroSat-2]]
*[[Indian Astronomical Observatory]]
*[[Indian Space Research Organisation]]
*[[List of space telescopes]]
*[[Ultraviolet astronomy]]
*[[X-ray astronomy]]

== References ==
{{Reflist |2}}

==External links==
* [http://astrosat.iucaa.in/ ''Astrosat'']
* [http://www.isro.org/ ISRO]
* [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12036-017-9449-6 AstroSat: From Inception to Realization and Launch]

{{Indian space programme}}
{{Indian spacecraft}}
{{Space observatories}}
{{2015 in space}}
{{Orbital launches in 2015}}

{{Use Indian English}}

[[Category:2015 in India]]
[[Category:Satellites of India]]
[[Category:Space telescopes]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 2015]]
[[Category:Ultraviolet telescopes]]
[[Category:X-ray telescopes]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched by PSLV rockets]]

Virender Sharma

2023-03-19T09:00:59Z

Abbhi911:

{{short description|Indian cricketer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Infobox cricketer
| name = Virender Sharma
| image =
| country =
| fullname = Virender Kumar Sharma
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1971|9|11|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh]], India
| death_date =
| death_place =
| batting =
| bowling =
| role = [[Umpire (cricket)|Umpire]]

| umpire = true
| testsumpired = 4
| umptestdebutyr = 2021
| umptestlastyr = 2022
| odisumpired = 6
| umpodidebutyr = 2020
| umpodilastyr = 2022
| t20isumpired = 9
| umpt20idebutyr = 2020
| umpt20ilastyr = 2022

| date = 19 March 2023
| source = http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/33933.html Cricinfo
}}

'''Virender Sharma''' (born 11 September 1971) is an Indian former [[cricket]]er.<ref name="Bio">{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/content/player/33933.html |title=Virender Sharma |access-date=1 November 2017 |work=ESPN Cricinfo}}</ref> He played in fifty [[first-class cricket|first-class]] and forty [[List A cricket|List A]] matches for [[Himachal Pradesh cricket team|Himachal Pradesh]] between 1990 and 2006. He is now an [[umpire (cricket)|umpire]].<ref name="Bio"/><ref>{{Cite web|last=Service|first=Tribune News|title=Virat Kohli loses cool at umpire Virender Sharma, square-leg umpire intervenes|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/sports/kohli-loses-cool-at-umpire-sharma-square-leg-umpire-intervenes-323560|access-date=2 November 2021|website=Tribuneindia News Service|language=en}}</ref> Sharma stood as an umpire in the [[Twenty20]] tour match between [[South African cricket team in India in 2015–16|India A vs South Africans]] on 29 September 2015.<ref name="Umpire">{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/903583.html |title=South Africa tour of India, Tour Match: India A v South Africans at Delhi, Sep 29, 2015 |access-date=29 September 2015 |work=ESPN Cricinfo}}</ref>

In November 2016 during the [[Ranji Trophy]] match between [[2016–17 Ranji Trophy Group A#Round 6|Mumbai and Uttar Pradesh]], Sharma was forced to stand at both ends on day 2, after the other umpire [[Sam Nogajski]] was taken ill with food poisoning.<ref name="Ranji">{{cite news |url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ranji-trophy-2016-17/content/story/1066290.html |title=Ranji umpire stands at both ends with partner absent ill |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |date=14 November 2016 |access-date=14 November 2016}}</ref>

In March 2017, he stood in the final of the [[2016–17 Vijay Hazare Trophy]].<ref name="LA">{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1053887.html |title=Vijay Hazare Trophy, Final: Tamil Nadu v Bengal at Delhi, Mar 20, 2017 |access-date=20 March 2017 |work=ESPN Cricinfo}}</ref> On 10 January 2020, he stood in his first [[Twenty20 International]] (T20I) match, in the fixture between [[Sri Lankan cricket team in India in 2019–20|India and Sri Lanka]].<ref name="T20I">{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1202244.html |title=3rd T20I (N), Sri Lanka tour of India at Pune, Jan 10 2020 |access-date=10 January 2020 |work=ESPN Cricinfo}}</ref> One week later, on 17 January 2020, he stood in his first [[One Day International]] (ODI) match, in the fixture between [[Australian cricket team in India in 2019–20|India and Australia]].<ref name="ODI">{{Cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1187028.html |title=2nd ODI, Australia tour of India at Rajkot, Jan 17 2020 |access-date=17 January 2020 |work=ESPN Cricinfo}}</ref>

In January 2021, the [[International Cricket Council]] (ICC) named him as one of the on-field umpires for the [[English cricket team in India in 2020–21#2nd Test|second Test]] match between [[English cricket team in India in 2020–21|India and England]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/115969/nitin-menon-home-umpire-india-vs-england-test-series |title=Anil Chaudhary, Virender Sharma set to debut as umpires in Tests |work=CricBuzz |access-date=28 January 2021}}</ref> On 13 February 2021, he stood in his first Test as an onfield umpire, between India and England.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/ci/engine/match/1243384.html |title=1st Test, Chennai, Feb 5 - Feb 9 2021, England tour of India |work=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=13 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/sports/cricket/story/two-indian-umpires-to-officiate-in-a-test-for-1st-time-after-1994-1766023-2021-02-04 |title=Chennai Test: For 1st time since February 1994, 2 Indian umpires will stand in a Test match in India |work=India Today |access-date=13 February 2021}}</ref>

In January 2023, he was named as one of the on-field umpires for the [[2023 ICC Under-19 Women's T20 World Cup]].<ref>{{cite news |title=ICC announces highest number of female match officials for ICC U19 Women’s T20 World Cup 2023 |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/media-releases/3010251#:~:text=Umpires%3A%20Sarah%20Bartlett%2C%20Jasmine%20Naeem,%2C%20Virender%20Sharma%2C%20Shahid%20Saikat. |access-date=15 January 2023 |work=www.icc-cricket.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=ICC announces highest number of female match officials for U19 Women's T20 World Cup 2023 |url=https://theprint.in/sport/icc-announces-highest-number-of-female-match-officials-for-u19-womens-t20-world-cup-2023/1299181/ |access-date=15 January 2023 |work=ThePrint |date=5 January 2023}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of Test cricket umpires]]
* [[List of One Day International cricket umpires]]
* [[List of Twenty20 International cricket umpires]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cricinfo|id=33933}}

{{International Panel of ICC Umpires |state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sharma, Virender}}
[[Category:1971 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian cricketers]]
[[Category:Indian cricket umpires]]
[[Category:Indian Test cricket umpires]]
[[Category:Indian One Day International cricket umpires]]
[[Category:Indian Twenty20 International cricket umpires]]
[[Category:Himachal Pradesh cricketers]]
[[Category:People from Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh]]

Bhagat Kabir

2022-06-28T07:32:12Z

Abbhi911: Just published an enlightening work.

#REDIRECT [[Kabir]]