Panihati

2026-04-16T05:37:43Z

85.255.235.58:

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Panihati
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline = Barrackpore Trunk Road - Panihati - North 24 Parganas 2012-04-11 9471.JPG
| image_alt =
| image_caption = [[Barrackpore Trunk Road|B.T. Road]] in Panihati
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India
| coordinates = {{coord|22.69|N|88.37|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of West Bengal|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Presidency division|Presidency]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of districts of West Bengal|District]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[North 24 Parganas district|North 24 Parganas]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Municipal Corporations in India|Municipality]]
| governing_body = Panihati Municipality
| leader_title = Chairman
| leader_name = Somnath Dey
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 19.38
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 13
| population_total = 377,347
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 700109, 700110, 700111, 700112, 700113, 700114, 700115
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = +91 33
| registration_plate = WB
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Dum Dum (Lok Sabha constituency)|Dum Dum]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Panihati (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Panihati]]
| website = {{URL|https://panihatimunicipality.in}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Panihati''' is a city and a municipality of [[North 24 Parganas district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[West Bengal]]. It is a part of the area covered by [[Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority]] (KMDA).<ref>{{cite web| url =http://www.cmdaonline.com/kma.html| title =Base Map of Kolkata Metropolitan area| access-date =2007-09-03| publisher =Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority| url-status =dead| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20070928000049/http://www.cmdaonline.com/kma.html| archive-date =2007-09-28}}</ref>

==History==
There is a legendary belief that Maharaja Chandraketu of Deganga established a ''garh'' (fort) at Panihati in the 13th century. There is an association of goddess Bhawani with the fort. In the early days when river transport was the primary means of communication, Panihati was a major trading and business centre, then known as Pannyahati (Emporium for Merchandise). Scholars feel that the name has come from the word Pannyahatic. Panihati is mentioned in several [[Vaishnava Padavali]] literary texts – ''Chaitanya Mangal Kavya'' by Jayananda and Lochandas in the 16th century, ''Sri Chaitanya Bhagawat'' by Brindaban Das in 1548, ''Bansi Bistar'' by Nityannda, ''Vaishnava Namdeva'' by Debaki Nandan, ''Sri Chaitanya Charitamritam'' by Krishnadas Kabiraj in 1580–1610, ''Bhakti Ratnakar'' and ''Chaitanya Chandroday''.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://panihatimunicipality.in/html/origin-name.html | title = Panihati Municipality | work = Historical background | publisher = PM | access-date = 25 June 2018}}</ref> Panihati Municipality was established in 1900.<ref name=municipality>{{cite web | url = http://barrackpore.gov.in/HTM/sdobkp_Panihati%20Municipality.htm | title = Panihati Municipality | publisher = Barrackpore administration | access-date = 25 June 2018}}</ref> This place is said to be visited by Sri [[Chaitanya Mahaprabhu]] on his way to [[Puri]] & later by his close associate [[Nityananda]] too, due to which [[Gaudiya Vaishnavas]] consider this place holy.

[[Gandhi Memorial Asram]] or ''Sodepur Khadi Pratisthan'' was established by Satish Chandra Dasgupta in 1921 at Panihati. [[Mahatma Gandhi]] himself visited and stayed there several times in 1939, 1945, 1946 and 1947.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gandhi Memorial Asram|url=https://wbhc.in/home/place_details/NWQyMTJmZWYxMDllZTczMDcxNmM2M2NjYmViZDZmOWNjM2U3NmNkZjJhOTIwZTgxNjI3ZjY5ZWIwYWQ1MzE0NWExNDcyNTJmMWI4YmQyYzk0ODg3YTZkNDlmNWJmZTNjYWI5NWMyMmM2MmFjMTZkMGRlZjY3YzQyMDFmZmE5MWFqVEtYdzZjdFJBSEhYYXhkL2phYXJaMXF4UzU5RnAycGQ1aFJqUlNDRTBzPQ==|access-date=2021-08-29|website=West Bengal Heritage Commission|language=en-IN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=:: Welcome to Panihati Municipality ::|url=https://panihatimunicipality.in/html/m-gandhi.html|access-date=2021-08-29|website=panihatimunicipality.in}}</ref>

==Geography==
{{OSM Location map
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|mark-coord10={{coord|22|41|57|N|88|24|32|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10=Ghola| numbered10=N| mark-title10= [[Ghola, North 24 Parganas|Ghola]] (N)| shape-color10=#C42222
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===Location===
Panihati has an average elevation of 13 metres (42 feet).

96% of the population of [[Barrackpore subdivision]] (partly presented in the map alongside, all places marked in the map are linked in the full screen map) lives in urban areas. In 2011, it had a density of population of 10,967 per km2. The subdivision has 16 municipalities and 24 census towns.<ref name=handbook2013>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook |work = North 24 Parganas 2013, Tables 2.1, 2.2, 2.4b |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 2 May 2018 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |archive-date = 21 January 2019 |url-status = dead }}</ref>

For most of the cities/ towns information regarding density of population is available in the Infobox. Population data is not available for neighbourhoods. It is available for the entire Municipal area and thereafter ward-wise.

Panihati is bounded by [[Bandipur, North 24 Parganas|Bandipur]], Iswaripur and [[Karna Madhabpur]] on the north, Manish Pota, [[Bilkanda]], Jugberia, [[Muragachha]] and [[Teghari]] on the east, [[North Dumdum]] and [[Kamarhati]] on the south, and [[Khardaha]] on the west.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1911_PART_A_DCHB_NORTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf |title = District Census Handbook North Twenty Four Parganas, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |work = Map of Barrackpore II CD Block on Page 379 | publisher= Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal| access-date = 27 June 2018}}</ref>

Panihati Municipality is located on B.T. Road, [[Kolkata]] - 700114 at the western side of [[Sodepur railway station]]. Besides Panihati town, Panihati Municipality also has jurisdiction over [[Sukchar]], [[Sodepur]], [[Natagarh]], [[Panshila]], [[Ghola, North 24 Parganas|Ghola]] and [[Agarpara]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://barrackpore.gov.in/images/westbe2.gif | title = Map of Barrackpore subdivision | publisher = Barrackpore administration | access-date = 25 June 2018}}</ref>

===Police station===
[[Ghola, Kolkata#Police station|Ghola]] police station under [[Barrackpore Police Commissionerate]] has jurisdiction over Panihati Municipal areas.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |title = District Statistical Handbook |work = North 24 Parganas 2013, Table 2.1 |publisher = Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal |access-date = 11 June 2018 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190121045803/http://www.wbpspm.gov.in/publications/District%20Statistical%20Handbook |archive-date = 21 January 2019 |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://policewb.gov.in/wbp/bkp_commissionerate.php | title = Barrackpore Police Commissionerate | work = List of Police Stations with telephone numbers | publisher = West Bengal Police | access-date = 11 June 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143852/http://policewb.gov.in/wbp/bkp_commissionerate.php | archive-date = 12 June 2018 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

==Demographics==
===Population===
{{Historical population
| source = [[Census of India]]<ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1911_PART_A_DCHB_NORTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf | title = District Census Handbook North Twenty Four Parganas, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work= Section II Town Directory, Pages 781-783 Statement I: Growth History, Pages 799-803 | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations V, West Bengal |access-date = 11 June 2018}}</ref>
| 1901 | 11178
| 1911 | 11118
| 1921 | 10161
| 1931 | 11699
| 1941 | 27410
| 1951 | 49514
| 1961 | 93749
| 1971 | 148046
| 1981 | 205718
| 1991 | 275990
| 2001 | 348438
| 2011 | 377347
}}

As per the [[2011 Census of India]], Panihati had a total population of 377,347, of which 189,446 (50%) were males and 187,901 (50%) were females. Population below 6 years was 26,215. The total number of literates in Panihati was 322,770 (91.92% of the population over 6 years).<ref name=census3-2011>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/pca/pcadata/Houselisting-housing-WB.html |title = 2011 Census – Primary Census Abstract Data Tables | work= West Bengal – District-wise |publisher= Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | access-date = 7 June 2018 }}</ref>

{{As of|2001}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Panihati had a population of 348,379. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Panihati has an average literacy rate of 82%, higher than the national average of 74.4%: male literacy is 85% and female literacy is 79%. In Panihati, 8% of the population is under 6 years of age.

===Languages===
{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages spoken in Panihati City (2011)<ref>[https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16T/DDW-C16-TOWN-STMT-MDDS-2000.XLSX 2011 census data] censusindia.gov.in</ref>
|label1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
|value1= 88.99
|color1 =Blue
|label2= [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
|value2= 8.0
|color2=orange
|label3 = [[Urdu language|Urdu]]
|value3 = 1.68
|color3 =brown
|label4 = [[Odia language|Odia]]
|value4 = 0.39
|color4 =pink
|label5 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]]
|value5= 0.08
|color5 = black
|label6 = Others
|value6= 0.63
|color6 = white
}}

===Kolkata Urban Agglomeration===
The following Municipalities, Census Towns and other locations in Barrackpore subdivision were part of Kolkata Urban Agglomeration in the 2011 census: [[Kanchrapara]] (M), [[Jetia]] (CT), [[Halisahar]] (M), [[Balibhara]] (CT), [[Naihati]] (M), [[Bhatpara]] (M), [[Kaugachhi]] (CT), [[Garshyamnagar]] (CT), [[Garulia]] (M), [[Ichhapur Defence Estate]] (CT), [[North Barrackpur]] (M), [[Barrackpur Cantonment]] (CB), [[Barrackpore]] (M), [[Jafarpur]] (CT), [[Ruiya]] (CT), [[Titagarh]] (M), [[Khardaha]] (M), [[Bandipur, North 24 Parganas|Bandipur]] (CT), '''Panihati''' (M), [[Muragachha]] (CT) [[New Barrackpore]] (M), [[Chandpur, Ghola|Chandpur]] (CT), [[Talbandha]] (CT), [[Patulia]] (CT), [[Kamarhati]] (M), [[Baranagar]] (M), [[South Dumdum]] (M), [[North Dumdum]] (M), [[Dum Dum]] (M), [[Noapara, India|Noapara]] (CT), [[Babanpur]] (CT), [[Teghari]] (CT), [[Nanna, North 24 Parganas|Nanna]] (OG), Chakla (OG), Srotribati (OG) and [[Panpur]] (OG).<ref>{{cite web| url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_4_PR_UAs_1Lakh_and_Above_Appendix.pdf | title= Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011 | work= Constituents of Urban Agglomeration Having Population Above 1 Lakh |publisher= Census of India 2011 | access-date = 7 June 2018}}</ref>

==Infrastructure==
As per the District Census Handbook 2011, Panihati municipal city covered an area of 19.38 km2. Amongst the civic amenities it had 375 km of roads and both open and covered drains. Amongst the medical facilities It had 48 medicine shops. Amongst the educational facilities It had 116 primary schools, 123 middle schools, 132 secondary schools, 162 senior secondary schools and 12 non-formal education centres. Amongst the social, recreational and cultural facilities it had 1 orphanage home, 1 stadium, 3 cinema/ theatres, 10 auditorium/ community halls, 78 public libraries and 20 reading rooms. Amongst the commodities manufactured were railway wagons, pumps and waterproofs. It had 14 bank branches.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1911_PART_A_DCHB_NORTH%20TWENTY%20FOUR%20PARGANAS.pdf | title = District Census Handbook North Twenty Four Parganas, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A | work= Section II Town Directory, Pages 781-783 Statement I: Growth History, Pages 799-803; Statement II: Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, Pages 791-794; Statement III: Civic and other Amenities, Pages 795-796; Statement IV: Medical Facilities 2009, Pages 803-805 Section: Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities | publisher = Directorate of Census Operations V, West Bengal |access-date = 31 May 2018}}</ref>

According to Barrackpore administration the educational facilities available in Panihati are: 100 primary schools, 2 English-medium schools, 12 secondary schools, 10 higher secondary schools, 2 degree colleges, 2 engineering colleges and 1 medical/dental college. Other facilities are: 153.18 km pucca roads, 197 km kutcha roads, 249 km pucca drains, 410 km kutcha drains, 5 municipal markets, 10 private markets, 9 post offices/ sub post offices, 1 ferry ghat (Mahatsabtala-Konnagar), 3 cinema halls (Padma, Rathindra, Mini Rathindra), 12 play grounds (8 big, 4 small), 1 electric crematorium, 3 burning ghats and 2 Muslim burial grounds. 33,000 houses have water connection and there are 2,842 street taps.<ref name=municipality/>

See also [[Barrackpore subdivision#Municipal towns/ cities|Cities and towns in Barrackpore subdivision]]

==Economy==
===Industry===
The following industries are/ were located in Panihati:
[[File:Bengal Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Limited - Panihati - North 24 Parganas 2012-04-11 9475.JPG|thumb|right|Bengal Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals at Panihati]]
*[[Bengal Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals]], founded by [[Prafulla Chandra Ray|Acharya Prafulla Chandra Ray]] with its main plant on Maniktala Main Road, now in [[Kankurgachi]] neighbourhood of Kolkata, established a plant at Panihati in 1920. It is presently a central-government undertaking.<ref name=municipality2/><ref>{{cite web | url = https://bengalchemicals.co.in/our-founder-history/ | title = Bengal Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Ltd. | publisher = BCPL | access-date = 25 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.telegraphindia.com/1081207/jsp/calcutta/story_10215243.jsp | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140307123258/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1081207/jsp/calcutta/story_10215243.jsp | url-status = dead | archive-date = 7 March 2014 | title = Chemistry of Nationalism | newspaper = The Telegraph | date=7 December 2008 | access-date = 25 June 2018}}</ref>
*Bengal Waterproof Works Private Ltd. (popular for their Duckback brand), was established in 1920 at Kolkata and shifted to Panihati in 1932 by four brothers – Surendranath, Jogendramohan, Ajitmohan, and Bishnupada Bose.<ref name=municipality2>{{cite web | url = http://panihatimunicipality.in/html/industrial_bg.html | title = Industries in Panihati | work = History – Industrial Places | publisher = Panihati Municipality | access-date = 25 June 2018}}</ref>
*Basanti Cotton Mill was established by Subodh Chandra Mitra in 1934. Named after Basanti Devi, wife of [[Chittaranjan Das|Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das]], it was inaugurated by [[Rabindranath Tagore]] and presided over by Acharya Prafulla Chandra Ray. It is no more in operation.<ref name=municipality2/><ref>{{cite web | url = https://corporatedir.com/company/basanti-cotton-mills-1998--private-limited | title = Basanti Cotton Mills (1998) Ltd. | publisher = Corporate Dir | access-date = 25 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.legalcrystal.com/case/950601/basanti-cotton-mills-1998-private-limited-vs-registrar-companies | title = Basanti Cotton Mills (1998) Private Limited Vs. the Registrar of Companies, West Bengal - Court Judgment| publisher = Legal Crystal | access-date = 25 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://sanhati.com/excerpted/1233/#12 | title = Section 3: Sickness Profiles – IX. Basanti Cotton Mill: The Bitter Swan Song | publisher = Sanhati | access-date = 25 June 2018}}</ref> Basanti Cotton Mill was closed down in 1987.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/Jobs-gone-now-living-in-fear-of-losing-home/articleshow/8077161.cms | title = Jobs gone, now living in fear of losing home| publisher = The Times of India, 25 April 2011 | access-date = 25 June 2018}}</ref>
*Bangasree and Sodepur Cotton Mills, founded by Rai Bahadur D.N.Chowdhury and Chandrachur Chowdhury, were subsequently taken over by [[National Textile Corporation]].<ref name=municipality2/>
*Bangodaya Cotton Mill was locked out in 1984. The factory sheds have been cleared out and Peerless Abasan now occupies the space.<ref name=municipality2/><ref>{{cite web | url = https://sanhati.com/excerpted/1233/#13 | title = Section 3: Sickness Profiles – X. Bangodaya Cotton Mills: Peerless Illegality | publisher = Sanhati | access-date = 25 June 2018}}</ref>
[[File:Panihati Works - Texmaco Limited - Kamarhati - North 24 Parganas 2012-04-11 9721.JPG|thumb|Panihati Works of Texmaco]]
*[[Texmaco Rail & Engineering|Texmaco Rail and Engineering Ltd.]], with 5 manufacturing units spread across Kamarhati and Panihati municipalities. Founded in 1939 by [[K.K. Birla]], and now the flagship company of the Adventz Group, headed by Saroj Poddar.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.texmaco.in/webfiles/corp_porf.php| title = Texmaco Rail and Engineering Ltd.| work = Adventz| publisher = Texmaco| access-date = 25 June 2018| archive-date = 28 June 2018| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180628154200/https://www.texmaco.in/webfiles/corp_porf.php| url-status = dead}}</ref><ref name="google"/>

===KMDA===
Panihati municipality is included in the [[Kolkata Metropolitan Area]] for which the [[Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority|KMDA]] is the statutory planning and development authority.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://kmdaonline.org/home/download/QVRNUU5QNW5kK1dCRDQ3V0pmRXBqQitJRU9kS1k1WEhRblBLdmc1ZVZNMW5WZlZRTHRLd0hxUHc4dlk2VWQ4WmhueGdBSURnc0w2OUZqZzl4WXFTRVE9PQ== | title = Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority, Annual Report 2010-11 | work = 1/1 Kolkata Metropolitan Area Map | publisher = KMDA | access-date = 7 June 2018 | archive-date = 1 May 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190501182418/https://kmdaonline.org/home/download/QVRNUU5QNW5kK1dCRDQ3V0pmRXBqQitJRU9kS1k1WEhRblBLdmc1ZVZNMW5WZlZRTHRLd0hxUHc4dlk2VWQ4WmhueGdBSURnc0w2OUZqZzl4WXFTRVE9PQ== | url-status = usurped }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = https://kmdaonline.org/home/download/MTFVek5Lc3UrYmJ4R0xLM3ZqRTdKQWJlK2tJV3BicHZGNjB1Uldpa0JLTXM0RHd6Q29vWXViQlBLSmNPQkZsZW5hcDFwM1VaUTQwaHJlVDQ5NG5FeWc9PQ== | title = Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority, Annual Report 2010-11 | work = 1 / 2 Role of KMDA | publisher = KMDA | access-date = 7 June 2018 | archive-date = 1 May 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190501182413/https://kmdaonline.org/home/download/MTFVek5Lc3UrYmJ4R0xLM3ZqRTdKQWJlK2tJV3BicHZGNjB1Uldpa0JLTXM0RHd6Q29vWXViQlBLSmNPQkZsZW5hcDFwM1VaUTQwaHJlVDQ5NG5FeWc9PQ== | url-status = usurped }}</ref>

==Transport==

===Rail===
Panihati has two important railway stations nearby on [[Sealdah-Ranaghat line]] by the [[Eastern Railway zone|Eastern Railway]] suburban network: [[Sodepur railway station]] and [[Agarpara railway station]].<ref>{{cite web | url = https://indiarailinfo.com/train/timetable/sealdah-kalyani-simanta-local-31311/16438/325/958#st | title = 31311 Sealdah-Kalyani Simanta Local | work = Time Table | publisher = indiarailinfo | access-date = 21 June 2018}}</ref><ref name=google>Google maps</ref>

===Road===
The [[Barrackpore Trunk Road]] (B.T. Road) which passes through the heart of the town provides ample road transport. The Sodepur-Barasat Road also starts from here.<ref name="google"/>

==Healthcare==
Medical facilities in Panihati include Panihati State General Hospital with 150 beds and Panihati Municipal Maternity Home with 10 beds.<ref name=medical>{{cite web | url = https://www.wbhealth.gov.in/ | title = Health & Family Welfare Department | work = Health Statistics | publisher = Government of West Bengal | access-date = 17 July 2018 | archive-date = 28 October 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211028134305/https://qphs.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-99a499ee367f0c1530476c81086270c8 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

North 24 Parganas district (under Kolkata Metropolitan area) has been identified as one of the areas where ground water is affected by [[Arsenic contamination of groundwater|arsenic contamination]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.soesju.org/arsenic/wb2.htm | title = Groundwater Arsenic contamination in West Bengal-India (19 years study ) | access-date = 2007-08-24 | work = Groundwater arsenic contamination status of North 24-Parganas district, one of the nine arsenic affected districts of West Bengal-India | publisher = SOES | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070927002938/http://www.soesju.org/arsenic/wb2.htm | archive-date = 27 September 2007 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

The famous scientist [[Kishori Mohan Bandyopadhyay]] who had assisted Ronald Ross in his malaria research work and was awarded a gold medal in 1903 for his pioneering work by King Edward VII of Britain was a resident of Panihati.

==Education==
[[Panihati Mahavidyalaya]] was established at [[Sodepur]] in 1976. It offers honours courses in Bengali, English, Sanskrit, history, philosophy, political science, education, geography, physics, chemistry, mathematics, zoology, food & nutrition, computer science, commerce and general courses in BA, B Sc and B Com.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://pmv.ac.in/| title = Panihati Mahavidyalaya | publisher = PM |access-date = 8 May 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.collegeadmission.in/PanihatiMahavidyalaya/Panihati_Mahavidyalaya.shtml | title = Panihati Mahavidyalaya | publisher = College Admission |access-date = 8 May 2018}}</ref>

[[Guru Nanak Institute of Technology]], a private engineering college, was established, near [[Sodepur]] in 2003.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://gnit.ac.in/ | title = Guru Nanak Institute of Technology | publisher = GNIT |access-date = 8 May 2018}}</ref>

[[Narula Institute of Technology]], a private engineering college, was established at [[Agarpara]] in 2001.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://nit.ac.in/ | title = Narula Institute of Technology | publisher = NIT |access-date = 8 May 2018}}</ref>
[[Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Sciences and Research]], a private dental college located in Panihati, Kolkata, in the Indian state of West Bengal.
[[St. Xavier's Institution (Panihati)]] and [[Sodepur High School]], located in Panihati.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{commons category-inline}}
*{{Wikivoyage inline|Kolkata/Northern fringes}}

{{North 24 Parganas District}}
{{North 24 Parganas topics}}
{{Kolkata neighbourhoods}}
{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in North 24 Parganas district]]
[[Category:Neighbourhoods in Kolkata]]
[[Category:Kolkata Metropolitan Area]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in North 24 Parganas district]]
[[Category:Cities in West Bengal]]

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Panihati