https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=77.127.26.147Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]2026-08-24T16:37:11ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ghungroo&diff=204280Ghungroo2021-09-29T04:44:44Z<p>77.127.26.147: /* See also */</p>
<hr />
<div>[[File:Ghungroo.jpg|thumb|A pair of ghungroos]]<br />
[[File:Namrta Rai - Ghungroos.jpg|thumb|Kathak Danseuse Namrata Rai performing with 400 Ghungroos]]<br />
<br />
A '''ghungroo''' ({{lang-hi|घुँघरू}}, {{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|گھنگرو}}}}), also known as '''ghunghroo''' or '''ghunghru''' or '''ghungur''' or ghungura (Assamese & Bengali & Odia) or '''Chilanka''' or '''Salangai''' (in Malayalam & Tamil respectively), is one of many small metallic bells strung together to form '''ghungroos''', a musical [[anklet]] tied to the feet of [[Indian classical dance|classical Indian dancers]].<ref>{{cite book | last = W. Hesse, Jr. | first = Rayner | title = Jewelrymaking Through History: An Encyclopedia | publisher = Greenwood Publishing Group | year = 2007 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=IVgU0icm948C&pg=PA8&dq=Ghungroo&as_brr=3&client=firefox-a&sig=ACfU3U0AR0uAdOqpxxrpVhl8ZWVk8ZM_SQ | isbn = 0-313-33507-9 | page = 8}}<br />
<br />
</ref> The sounds produced by ghungroos vary greatly in pitch depending on their metallic composition and size. Ghungroos serve to accentuate the rhythmic aspects of the dance and allow complex footwork to be heard by the audience. They are worn immediately above the ankle, resting on the lateral malleolus and medial malleolus. A string of ghungroos can range from 50 to greater than 200 bells knotted together. A novice child dancer may start with 50 and slowly add more as he or she grows older and advances in his or her technical ability. Ghungroos are worn in traditional performances of the classical Indian dance forms: [[Bharatnatyam]], [[Kathak]], [[Kuchipudi]], [[Mohiniyattam]], [[Lavani]], [[Odissi]] etc.<br />
<br />
==Nepal==<br />
The anklet or rhythmic instrument (talbaja) is also used by folk-dancers in Nepal, where it is called the chap (चाँप).<ref name=MusINstrNepal3>{{cite book |title=Musical Instruments of Nepal |last=Kadel |first=Ram Prasad |publisher=Nepali Folk Instrument Museum |place=Katmandu, Nepal| date=2007 |pages= 183, 289 |isbn= 978-9994688302}}</ref><ref name=ministry>{{cite book |title=Haamra Lokbaajaaharu (translation with subtitle: Our Musical Instruments, ‘A course book for school children.’) |last= Kadel |first=Ram Prasad | publisher= The [Nepal] Ministry of Education, Curriculum Department of Nepal Government |date=2006 |language= Nepali |url= http://musicmuseumnepal.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/RS344_HAMRA-BAJAHURU-BALBODH-21.pdf}}</ref> Its Nepalese form consists of 9 to 27 small "curling" bronze bells, sewn onto a cloth about 23cm long x 7.5cm wide, tied around the ankle, as ornaments.<ref name=ministry/><ref name=MusINstrNepal3/> The Nepalese may choose different chaps, according to the lyrics of the song, choosing ones with smaller or larger arrangements of bells.<ref name=ministry/> The bells are called Ghunguru (घुँघुरा).<ref name=MusINstrNepal3/><br />
<br />
==Ghunghroo vadan==<br />
<br />
''Ghunghroo vadan'' is a music style evolved by V. Anuradha Singh, an Indian classical kathak exponent. She developed bells as a main musical instrument and performs in many pure music festivals where dance is not allowed. ''Ghunghroo vadan'' focuses solely on foot movement as percussive art (100 minutes, non-stop in one place).<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* [[Bell (instrument)#Konguro'o|Konguro'o]]<br />
* [[Jingle bell]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{commons category|Ghungroo}}<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{Dance in India}}<br />
{{Indian musical instruments}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Dance equipment]]<br />
[[Category:Hindu temple dance]]<br />
[[Category:Indian musical instruments]]<br />
[[Category:Bells of Nepal]]</div>77.127.26.147