Battle of Cuddalore (1783)

2021-05-28T22:34:21Z

47.184.163.158: Added casualties for the British Ships

{{For|other battles with this name|Battle of Cuddalore (disambiguation){{!}}Battle of Cuddalore}}
{{use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Battle of Cuddalore
| partof = the [[American Revolutionary War]]<ref>Mahan</ref><ref>Tucker, Pg. 772 [https://www.google.com/books/edition/American_Revolution_The_Definitive_Encyc/CyJrDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0]</ref>
| coordinates = {{coord|11.75|79.75|display=inline}}
| image = Combat naval en rade de Gondelour, 20 juin 1783.jpg
| image_size = 300px
| caption = ''The Battle of Cuddalore'', Auguste Jugelet
| date = 20 June 1783
| place = [[Bay of Bengal]], [[Indian Ocean]]
| result = French victory<ref>Paine p.75</ref>
| combatant2 = {{flagcountry|Kingdom of Great Britain}}
| combatant1 = {{flagcountry|Kingdom of France}}
| commander2 = {{flagdeco|Kingdom of Great Britain|blue}} [[Edward Hughes (Royal Navy officer)|Edward Hughes]]
| commander1 = {{flagdeco|Kingdom of France|naval}} [[Pierre André de Suffren|Pierre Suffren]]
| strength2 = 18 ships of the line
| strength1 = 15 ships of the line
| casualties2 = 533 killed and wounded
| casualties1 = 478 killed and wounded{{sfnp|Lacour-Gayet|1910|p=546}}
| campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Anglo-French War (1778–83)}}
}}

The '''Battle of Cuddalore''' was a naval battle between a [[Kingdom of Great Britain|British]] fleet, under Admiral Sir [[Edward Hughes (Royal Navy officer)|Edward Hughes]] with Admiral L.J. Weiland, and a smaller French fleet, under the [[Pierre Andre de Suffren Saint Tropez|Bailli de Suffren]], off the coast of India during the [[American Revolutionary War]]. This war sparked the [[Second Mysore War]] in [[India]]. In the battle, taking place near [[Cuddalore]] on 20 June 1783, Suffren commanded the engagement from the frigate ''[[French frigate Cléopâtre (1781)|Cléopâtre]]'' and won what is generally considered a victory.<ref>Palmer p.161</ref> Peace had already been agreed upon in Europe, but that news had yet to reach India, making this the final battle of the war.

On the death of French ally [[Hyder Ali]], the British decided to retake [[Cuddalore]]. They marched troops from [[Madras]], and [[Siege of Cuddalore|began preparing for a siege]]. The French fleet, under Suffren, appeared at Cuddalore on 13 June. A week of fickle winds prevented either side from engaging until 20 June, when Suffren attacked. No ships were seriously damaged, but each side lost about 100 men with around 400 wounded. The British fleet retreated to Madras after the action, preventing the landing of transports carrying additional troops en route to Cuddalore to reinforce the siege. A [[sortie]] from the town weakened the British forces, and word of peace officially arrived at Cuddalore on 29 June.

==Background==
Following the December 1782 death of French ally [[Hyder Ali]], the ruler of [[Kingdom of Mysore|Mysore]] and previous controller of Cuddalore, British commanders at [[Madras]] decided to attempt the recapture of [[Cuddalore]]. The army marched south from Madras, circling around the city then encamping south of it. The British fleet, eighteen [[ship of the line|ships of the line]] under Admiral [[Edward Hughes (Royal Navy officer)|Sir Edward Hughes]], anchored to the south of Cuddalore in order to protect the army and its supply ships. By early June 1783, the [[Siege of Cuddalore]] was under way.

French Admiral [[Pierre André de Suffren|Suffren]] was ordered on 10 June to sail with his smaller fleet of fifteen ships from [[Trincomalee]] to support the besieged city. When he arrived, Hughes, who sought to avoid battle, moved away from the city and again anchored. After five days of adverse winds, Suffren was able to anchor near the city, where he made contact with the city's commander, Sayed Sahib of [[Mysore]]. Since it appeared that the success of the siege would be decided by naval action, 1,200 troops were embarked onto Suffren's ships to increase his gunnery complement. His fleet weighed anchor on 18 June, and the two fleets began maneuvering for advantage.

==Battle==
[[File:Suffren Pierre André gravure couleur de 1789.jpeg|thumb|upright|left|An engraving of Suffren.]]

Both fleets were at first frustrated by light and variable winds. When a consistent west wind developed on 20 June, Hughes lined-up for battle on a northward-trending port tack and awaited Suffren's action. Lining-up in a similar formation, Suffren gave to the order to attack, and battle was engaged shortly after four in the afternoon. The action lasted about three hours resulting in no major damage to ships in either fleet, despite all ships being engaged.

==Aftermath==
Suffren's fleet anchored about 25 nautical miles north of Cuddalore after the battle, while Hughes anchored near the city. On 22 June, Hughes sighted the French fleet while he was en route to Madras; a number of his ships had been disabled, and he reported that many men were suffering from [[scurvy]] and that he was short of water.

Suffren returned to Cuddalore on 23 June, forcing the British supply fleet to withdraw. In addition to returning the 1,200 troops he had borrowed from the city's garrison, he landed an additional 2,400 men to support the defense. A [[sortie]] from the city was repelled but weakened the besieging British, and on 29 June a British ship flying under a truce flag brought news of a preliminary peace agreement between the two nations, resulting in a mutually-agreed suspension of hostilities on 2 July.

==Order of battle==
{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%;"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!colspan="11" bgcolor="white"|French van squadron {{sfnp|Cunat|1852|p=301-302}}
|- valign="top"|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! width=12%; align= center rowspan=2 | Ship 
! width=15%; align= center rowspan=2 | Rate 
! width=5%; align= center rowspan=2 | Guns 
! width=5%; align= center rowspan=2 | Navy 
! width=22%; align= center rowspan=2 | Commander 
! width=15%; align= center colspan=3 | Casualties
! width=25%; align= center rowspan=2 | Notes
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! width=5%; align= center | Killed 
! width=5%; align= center | Wounded 
! width=5%; align= center | Total
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | [[French ship Sphinx (1776)|''Sphinx'']]
| align= center | 64-gun
| align= center | 64
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain [[Charles Louis du Chilleau de La Roche|du Chilleau]]
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | ''[[French ship Brillant (1774)|Brillant]]''
| align= center | 64-gun
| align= center | 64
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Lieutenant de [[Kersauson de Goasmelquin (French Navy officer)|Kersauson]]
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | ''[[French ship Fendant (1777)|Fendant]]''
| align= center | [[74-gun]]
| align= center | 74
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain [[Antoine de Thomassin de Peynier|Thomassin de Peynier]] ([[Captain of the fleet]]) Captain [[Armand de Saint-Félix]] ([[Flag captain]]) {{WIA}} {{sfnp|Levot|1866|p=468—469}}
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | ''[[French ship Flamand|Flamand]]''
| align= center | 54-gun
| align= center | 54
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Lieutenant [[Éléonor Jacques Marie Stanislas de Perier de Salvert|de Perier de Salvert]] {{KIA}}
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | [[French ship Ajax (1779)|''Ajax'']]
| align= center | 64-gun
| align= center | 64
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain [[Du Pas de la Mancelière (French Navy officer)|Dupas de la Mancelière]] {{KIA}} {{sfnp|Roche|2005|p=28}}
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | [[French frigate Fine (1779)|''Fine'']]
| align= center | frigate
| align= center | 32
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!colspan="11" bgcolor="white"|Casualties:
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%;"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!colspan="11" bgcolor="white"|French centre squadron {{sfnp|Cunat|1852|p=301-302}}
|- valign="top"|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! width=12%; align= center rowspan=2 | Ship 
! width=15%; align= center rowspan=2 | Rate 
! width=5%; align= center rowspan=2 | Guns 
! width=5%; align= center rowspan=2 | Navy 
! width=22%; align= center rowspan=2 | Commander 
! width=15%; align= center colspan=3 | Casualties
! width=25%; align= center rowspan=2 | Notes
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! width=5%; align= center | Killed 
! width=5%; align= center | Wounded 
! width=5%; align= center | Total
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | ''[[HMS Hannibal (1779)|Petit Annibal]]''
| align= center | 50-gun
| align= center | 50
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain [[Jean André de Pas de Beaulieu]]
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | ''[[French ship Argonaute (1781)|Argonaute]]''
| align= center | [[74-gun]]
| align= center | 74
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain [[Chevalier de Clavières (French Navy officer)|de Clavières]]
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | ''[[French ship Héros (1778)|Héros]]''
| align= center | [[74-gun]]
| align= center | 74
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Major [[Félix d'Hesmivy de Moissac|de Moissac]]
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | ''[[French ship Illustre (1781)|Illustre]]''
| align= center | [[74-gun]]
| align= center | 74
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain [[Paul-Jacques de Bruyères-Chalabre|Bruyères de Chalabre]]
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | ''[[French ship Saint Michel (1741)|Saint Michel]]''
| align= center | 60-gun
| align= center | 60
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain de [[Beaumont-Lemaître]]
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | [[French frigate Cléopâtre (1781)|''Cléopâtre'']]
| align= center | frigate
| align= center | 32
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain [[Suffren]]
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!colspan="11" bgcolor="white"|Casualties:
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%;"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!colspan="11" bgcolor="white"|French rear squadron {{sfnp|Cunat|1852|p=301-302}}
|- valign="top"|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! width=12%; align= center rowspan=2 | Ship 
! width=15%; align= center rowspan=2 | Rate 
! width=5%; align= center rowspan=2 | Guns 
! width=5%; align= center rowspan=2 | Navy 
! width=22%; align= center rowspan=2 | Commander 
! width=15%; align= center colspan=3 | Casualties
! width=25%; align= center rowspan=2 | Notes
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! width=5%; align= center | Killed 
! width=5%; align= center | Wounded 
! width=5%; align= center | Total
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | [[French ship Vengeur (1765)|''Vengeur'']]
| align= center | 64-gun
| align= center | 64
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain [[Louis-Hyacinte de Cavelier de Cuverville|de Cuverville]]
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | [[French ship Sévère (1778)|''Sévère'']]
| align= center | 64-gun
| align= center | 64
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Lieutenant de [[Charles-Alexandre de Maurville de Langle|Maurville de Langle]]
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | ''[[French ship Annibal (1779)|Annibal]]''
| align= center | [[74-gun]]
| align= center | 74
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain [[Chevalier d'Aymar (French Navy officer)|d'Aymar]]
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | ''[[French ship Hardi (1751)|Hardi]]''
| align= center | 64-gun
| align= center | 64
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain [[Michel-Joseph Cramezel de Kerhué|Cramezel de Kerhué]]
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | ''[[French ship Artésien|Artésien]]''
| align= center | 64-gun
| align= center | 64
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain de [[Charles Daniel d'Arrac de Vignes|Vignes d'Arrac]]
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | ''[[French frigate Consolante (1775)|Consolante]]''
| align= center | frigate
| align= center | 40
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Lieutenant [[Pierre Alexandre Pastour de Costebelle|de Costebelle]]
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | ''[[HMS Coventry (1757)|Coventry]]''
| align= center | frigate
| align= center | 28
| align= center | [[File:Flag of the Kingdom of France (1814-1830).svg|45px|Ensign of the French Royal Navy]]
| align= left |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!colspan="11" bgcolor="white"|Casualties:
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%;"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!colspan="11" bgcolor="white"|British van squadron
|- valign="top"|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! width=12%; align= center rowspan=2 | Ship 
! width=15%; align= center rowspan=2 | Rate 
! width=5%; align= center rowspan=2 | Guns 
! width=5%; align= center rowspan=2 | Navy 
! width=22%; align= center rowspan=2 | Commander 
! width=15%; align= center colspan=3 | Casualties<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=The Scots magazine|publisher=Alex Chapman|year=Dec 1783|location=Edinburgh|pages=688}}</ref>
! width=25%; align= center rowspan=2 | Notes
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! width=5%; align= center | Killed 
! width=5%; align= center | Wounded 
! width=5%; align= center | Total
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Defence|1763|6}}
| align= center | [[Third rate]]
| align= center | 74
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain Thomas Newnham
| align= right |7
| align= right |38
| align= right |45
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Isis|1774|6}}
| align= center | [[Fourth rate]]
| align= center | 50
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain Christopher Halliday
| align= right |3
| align= right |30
| align= right |33
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Gibraltar|1780|6}}
| align= center | [[Third rate]]
| align= center | 80
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Commodore Bikerton Captain Thomas Hickes ([[flag captain]])
| align= right |6
| align= right |40
| align= right |46
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Inflexible|1780|6}}
| align= center | [[Fourth rate]]
| align= center | 64
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain John Whitmore Chetwynd
| align= right |3
| align= right |30
| align= right |33
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Exeter|1763|6}}
| align= center | [[Fourth rate]]
| align= center | 64
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain John Samuel Smith
| align= right |4
| align= right |9
| align= right |13
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Active|1780|6}}
| align= center | [[Frigate]]
| align= center | 32
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!colspan="11" bgcolor="white"|Casualties:
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%;"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!colspan="11" bgcolor="white"|British centre squadron
|- valign="top"|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! width=12%; align= center rowspan=2 | Ship 
! width=15%; align= center rowspan=2 | Rate 
! width=5%; align= center rowspan=2 | Guns 
! width=5%; align= center rowspan=2 | Navy 
! width=22%; align= center rowspan=2 | Commander 
! width=15%; align= center colspan=3 | Casualties<ref name=":0" />
! width=25%; align= center rowspan=2 | Notes
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! width=5%; align= center | Killed 
! width=5%; align= center | Wounded 
! width=5%; align= center | Total
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Worcester|1769|6}}
| align= center | [[Fourth rate]]
| align= center | 64
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain Charles Hughes
| align= right |8
| align= right |32
| align= right |40
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Africa|1781|6}}
| align= center | [[Fourth rate]]
| align= center | 64
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain Robert McDougall
| align= right |5
| align= right |25
| align= right |30
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Sultan|1775|6}}
| align= center | [[Third rate]]
| align= center | 74
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain Andrew Mitchell
| align= right |4
| align= right |20
| align= right |24
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Superb|1760|6}}
| align= center | [[Third rate]]
| align= center | 74
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Admiral [[Edward Hughes (Royal Navy officer)|Edward Hughes]] Captain Newcome ([[flag captain]])
| align= right |12
| align= right |41
| align= right |53
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Monarca|1780|6}}
| align= center | [[Third rate]]
| align= center | 74
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain [[John Gell (Royal Navy officer)|John Gell]]
| align= right |6
| align= right |14
| align= right |20
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Burford|1757|6}}
| align= center | [[Fourth rate]]
| align= center | 64
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain [[Peter Rainier]]
| align= right |10
| align= right |20
| align= right |30
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Sceptre|1781|6}}
| align= center | [[Fourth rate]]
| align= center | 64
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain Samuel Graves
| align= right |17
| align= right |47
| align= right |64
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Medea|1778|6}}
| align= center | [[Frigate]]
| align= center | 28
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain Erasmus Gower
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!colspan="11" bgcolor="white"|Casualties:
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%;"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!colspan="11" bgcolor="white"|British rear squadron
|- valign="top"|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! width=12%; align= center rowspan=2 | Ship 
! width=15%; align= center rowspan=2 | Rate 
! width=5%; align= center rowspan=2 | Guns 
! width=5%; align= center rowspan=2 | Navy 
! width=22%; align= center rowspan=2 | Commander 
! width=15%; align= center colspan=3 | Casualties<ref name=":0" />
! width=25%; align= center rowspan=2 | Notes
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! width=5%; align= center | Killed 
! width=5%; align= center | Wounded 
! width=5%; align= center | Total
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Magnanime|1780|6}}
| align= center | [[Fourth rate]]
| align= center | 64
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain Thomas Mackenzie
| align= right |1
| align= right |16
| align= right |17
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Eagle|1774|6}}
| align= center | [[Fourth rate]]
| align= center | 64
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain William Clark
| align= right |4
| align= right |8
| align= right |12
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Hero|1759|6}}
| align= center | [[Third rate]]
| align= center | 74
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Commodore Richard King Captain Theophilius Jones, [[flag captain]]
| align= right |5
| align= right |21
| align= right |26
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Bristol|1775|6}}
| align= center | [[Fourth rate]]
| align= center | 50
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain James Burney
| align= right |0
| align= right |10
| align= right |10
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Monmouth|1772|6}}
| align= center | [[Fourth rate]]
| align= center | 64
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Captain [[James Alms]]
| align= right |2
| align= right |19
| align= right |21
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Cumberland|1774|6}}
| align= center | [[Third rate]]
| align= center | 74
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | William Allen
| align= right |2
| align= right |11
| align= right |13
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!colspan="11" bgcolor="white"|Casualties:
|}

{| class="wikitable" border="1" style="width:100%;"
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!colspan="11" bgcolor="white"|British light ship attached<ref>{{cite web |title=2nd Battle of Cuddalore |url=https://threedecks.org/index.php?display_type=show_battle&id=135 |website=threedecks |access-date=22 April 2020}}</ref>
|- valign="top"|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! width=12%; align= center rowspan=2 | Ship 
! width=15%; align= center rowspan=2 | Rate 
! width=5%; align= center rowspan=2 | Guns 
! width=5%; align= center rowspan=2 | Navy 
! width=22%; align= center rowspan=2 | Commander 
! width=15%; align= center colspan=3 | Casualties
! width=25%; align= center rowspan=2 | Notes
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
! width=5%; align= center | Killed 
! width=5%; align= center | Wounded 
! width=5%; align= center | Total
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left |''San Carlos''
| align= center | armed storeship
| align= center | 22
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | George Murray, William White
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left |''Harriott''
| align= center | armed storeship
| align= center | 22
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Thomas Stephenson
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left |''Chaser''
| align= center | sloop
| align= center | 18
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Edward Buller
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Juno|1780|6}}
| align= center | [[Fifth rate]]
| align= center | 32
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | James Montagu
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Medea|1778|6}}
| align= center | [[Fifth rate]]
| align= center | 28
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Erasmus Gower
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | {{HMS|Seahorse|1748|6}}
| align= center | [[Fifth rate]]
| align= center | 24
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | John Drew
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
| align= left | ''Pondicherry''
| align= center | troop ship
| align= center | 18
| align= center | [[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|45px|Ensign of the British Royal Navy]]
| align= left | Thomas Saunders Grove
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= right |
| align= left |
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!colspan="11" bgcolor="white"|Casualties:
|}

==Notes, citations, and references==
'''Notes'''
{{reflist|group=note}}

'''Citations'''
{{Reflist|30em}}

'''References'''
* {{cite book |last1=Cunat |first1=Charles |author-link1=Charles Cunat|title=Histoire du Bailli de Suffren |date=1852 |publisher=A. Marteville et Lefas |location=Rennes |pages=447 |url=https://archive.org/details/histoiredubaill00torpgoog}}
* {{cite book |last1=Lacour-Gayet |first1=G.|title=La marine militaire de la France sous le règne de Louis XV |date=1910 |publisher=Honoré Champion |location=Paris |url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1181278.texteImage}}
* {{cite book|title=Les gloires maritimes de la France: notices biographiques sur les plus célèbres marins|last=Levot|first=Prosper|author-link=Prosper Levot|year=1866|publisher=Bertrand|url=https://books.google.com/?id=08O_XGLO43QC|language=fr}}
* {{cite book|title=Command at Sea: Naval Command and Control Since the Sixteenth Century|first=Michael |last=Palmer|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=2005|isbn=0-674-01681-5}}
* {{cite book|title=The Major Operations of the Navies in the War of American Independence|first=Alfred Thayer|last=Mahan|publisher=Plain Label Books|year=1913|isbn=978-1-60303-259-9|ref=Mahan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=62fZlSRIqd0C|oclc=27789758}}
* {{cite book|first=Jean-Michel|last=Roche|year=2005|title=Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours|isbn=978-2-9525917-0-6|oclc=165892922|publisher=Group Retozel-Maury Millau|volume=1}} (1671-1870)
* {{cite book|title=History of Mysore|first=Mark|last=Wilks|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MEvQL8wHHngC|volume=2}}
* {{cite book|title=History of the Madras Army|first=W. J.|last=Wilson|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BlkIAAAAQAAJ|volume=2}}
* {{cite book|title=Warships of the world to 1900|first=Lincoln P.|last=Paine|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|year=2000|isbn=978-0-395-98414-7|ref=Paine}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cuddalore 1783, Battle of}}
[[Category:Naval battles of the East Indies Campaign]]
[[Category:Naval battles involving France]]
[[Category:Naval battles involving Great Britain]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1783]]
[[Category:1783 in India]]

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Battle of Cuddalore (1783)