https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=45.123.161.32Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]2026-08-28T23:31:47ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ingress_into_India_Ordinance,_1914&diff=123088Ingress into India Ordinance, 19142021-05-03T20:02:59Z<p>45.123.161.32: </p>
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<div>{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}<br />
{{Infobox legislation<br />
| status = repealed<br />
}}<br />
The '''Ingress into India Ordinance, 1914''', a law passed in [[British India]] in September 1914, at the outset of [[World War I]], allowed the [[Government of India]] to screen, detain, and restrict the movement of people returning to India.<ref name=Yong114>{{Harvnb|Yong|2005|p=114}}</ref><ref name=Pati117 /><br />
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The main aim of the act was to detain and restrict [[Sikh]] immigrants returning from Canada and the United States [[Hindu-German Conspiracy|under plans]] made by the [[Ghadar Party]] to [[Ghadar Mutiny|initiate rebellion]] against British rule in India with help from Imperial Germany.<ref name=Popplewell167>{{Harvnb|Popplewell|1995|p=167}}</ref><ref name=Sohi155>{{Harvnb|Sohi|2014|p=155}}</ref> It was first applied against the passengers of the ''[[Komagata Maru incident|Komagata Maru]]'' upon her arrival at [[Calcutta]], and subsequently against Ghadarites who attempted to return to India through other ports throughout the war. The ordinance was also used to detain and deport suspected Ghadarites as far away as [[Shanghai]] back to their villages in [[British Punjab|Punjab]] for internment.<ref name=Popplewell194>{{Harvnb|Popplewell|1995|p=194}}</ref><br />
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Coordinating with British Intelligence services in North America led by [[W.C. Hopkinson]], authorities in India were able to compile lists of suspected Ghadarites who had set sail from North America for India, and passengers disembarking at Indian ports were subjected to the ordinance.<ref name=Sohi156>{{Harvnb|Sohi|2014|p=156}}</ref> As a uniform rule all emigrants from North America as well as [[Hong Kong]], Shanghai, and [[Manila]] were restricted.<ref name=Sohi155/><br />
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The ordinance was preceded and applied with a similar ordinance, the Foreigners Ordinance, which restricted the liberty of foreigners attempting to enter British India in a similar manner. Along with the [[Defence of India Act 1915]], the ordinance was applied in a large scale throughout the war to stave off the [[Revolutionary movement for Indian independence|threat from the revolutionary movement]] in India.<ref name=Song42>{{Harvnb|Song|2004|p=42}}</ref><br />
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The [[Rowlatt Committee]] estimated that between 1914 and 1917, the ordinance was used to intern nearly three hundred people, while a further two thousand two hundred were restricted to their villages, mainly in Punjab.<ref name=Pati117>{{Harvnb|Pati|1996|p=117}}</ref><br />
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== References ==<br />
{{reflist|30em}}<br />
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== Bibliography ==<br />
*{{Citation<br />
| surname1 = Pati<br />
| given1 = Budheshwar<br />
| year = 1996<br />
| title = India and the First World War<br />
| url = <br />
| publisher = Atlantic Publishers and Distributors<br />
| ISBN = 8171565816<br />
}}<br />
*{{Citation<br />
| surname1 = Yong<br />
| given1 = Tan Tai<br />
| year = 2005<br />
| title = The Garrison State:Military, Government and Society in Colonial Punjab 1849–1947<br />
| url = <br />
| publisher = Sage Publications India<br />
| ISBN = 0-7619-3336-0<br />
}}<br />
* {{Citation<br />
| last1 = Popplewell<br />
| first1 = Richard J.<br />
| year = 1995<br />
| title = Intelligence and Imperial Defence: British Intelligence and the Defence of the Indian Empire 1904–1924<br />
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=H44J2uDSE2cC&pg=PA167<br />
| publisher = Routledge<br />
| isbn = 0-7146-4580-X<br />
}}<br />
*{{Citation<br />
| surname1 = Song<br />
| given1 = Min<br />
| year = 2004<br />
| title = Asian American Studies: A Reader<br />
| url = https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780813527260<br />
| publisher = Rutgers State University<br />
| ISBN = 0-8135-2725-2<br />
| url-access = registration<br />
}}<br />
*{{Citation<br />
| surname1 = Sohi<br />
| given1 = Seema<br />
| year = 2014<br />
| title = Echoes of Mutiny: Race, Surveillance, and Indian Anticolonialism in North America | url =<br />
| publisher = Oxford University Press<br />
| ISBN = 978-0-19-937624-7<br />
}}<br />
{{Hindu-German Conspiracy}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ingress into India act,1914}}<br />
[[Category:Legislation in British India]]<br />
[[Category:1914 in India]]<br />
[[Category:1914 in law]]<br />
[[Category:Hindu–German Conspiracy]]</div>45.123.161.32