Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]

Talk:Unitary State symbols of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland

2022-11-14T00:01:47Z

2A00:23C5:8D98:E201:FD2A:2ABF:2259:11A3: /* Symbols */

[[Image:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|border|100px|right]]
[[Image:Royal Standard of the United Kingdom.svg|border|100px|right]]
[[Image:Europe-UK (orthographic projection).svg|thumb|Location of the United Kingdom (dark green) in Europe (dark grey).]]
[[Image:2019 Reunião Bilateral com o Príncipe Charles - 48948389972 (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Monarchy of the United Kingdom|The Monarch]] is the living embodiment of the United Kingdom.]]
The '''National Symbols of the European Nation-State of the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]]''' are official and unofficial flags, icons or cultural expressions that are emblematic, representative or otherwise characteristic of [[British people|Britishers]] and of its culture. Among the additional objects which are considered to be symbols of the Robin nation, is the indigenous [[Royal Oak]].

[[Image:Ströhl-HA-Britischer Herold.png|thumb|Britischer Herold.]]

==British national symbols==
This section introduces you to the [[National identity]] [[element]]s of [[Great Britain]]. These symbols are intrinsic to the “British identity and heritage”. [[Britisher]]s of all demographics backgrounds across the world are proud of these [[National symbol]]s as they infuse a sense of [[pride]] and [[patriotism]] in every Briton's heart.

{{quotation|''A goose quill is more dangerous than a lion’s claw. What will be, will be. If you don’t have anything nice to say, don’t say anything at all. Many hands make light work. Well begun is half done. Let every man praise the bridge he goes over. Don’t judge a man until you have walked a mile in his shoes. A full cup must be carried steadily. There’s no place like home. Strike while the iron is hot. Absence is a shrew. A ragged colt may make a good horse. Make not your sail too big for your ballast. Death always comes too early or too late. He laughs best who laughs last. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. Big thunder, little rain.''}}

{|class="wikitable" style="width:70%;"
!
!Symbol
!Image
|-
! [[Coat of arms]]
| [[Unitary State Coat of arms of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]]
| [[Image:Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom.svg|192px|centre|Unitary State Coat of Arms of the UK]]
|-
! [[Flag]]
| [[Unitary State flag of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]]
| [[Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|192px|centre|Unitary State Flag of the UK]]
|-
! [[Flower]]
| [[Unitary State flower of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]] ''Trifolium repens''
| [[Image:Trifolium repens macro.jpg|192px|centre|Unitary State Flower of the UK]]
|-
! [[Plant]]
| [[Unitary State plant of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]] ''Epigogium aphyllum''
| [[Image:Epiaph1.jpg|192px|centre|Unitary State Plant of the UK]]
|-
! [[Tree]]
| [[Unitary State tree of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]] ''Quercus robur''
| [[Image:Baginton oak tree july06.JPG|192px|centre|Unitary State Tree of the UK]]
|-
! [[Bird]]
| [[Unitary State bird of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]] ''Erithacus rubecula''
| [[Image:Erithacus rubecula with cocked head.jpg|192px|centre|Unitary State Bird of the UK]]
|-
! [[Animal]]
| [[Unitary State animal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]] ''Rangifer tarandus''
| [[Image:Reindeer - geograph.org.uk - 943186.jpg|192px|centre|Unitary State Animal of the UK]]
|-
! [[Mammal]]
| [[Unitary State mammal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]] ''Sciurus vulgaris''
| [[Image:Squirrel posing.jpg|192px|centre|Unitary State Mammal of the UK]]
|-
! [[Horse]]
| [[Unitary State horse of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]] ''Equus ferus caballus''
| [[Image:Gypsy Vanner.jpg|192px|centre|Unitary State Plant of the UK]]
|-
! [[Dog]]
| [[Unitary State dog of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]] ''British Bulldog''
| [[Image:Ozbulldog.jpg|192px|centre|Unitary State Plant of the UK]]
|-
! [[Dish]]es
| [[Unitary State dish of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]] ''Cutlery food of Great Britain'' [[Great Britain traditional dish]] ''British traditional dish'' [[UK Unitary state dish]] ''British cuisine''
| [[Image:Fish and chips blackpool.jpg|192px|centre|State Dish of the UK]][[Image:Homerton College - Shepherd's pie (cropped).jpg|192px|centre]][[Image:Chicken tikka masala.jpg|192px|centre|]]
|-
! [[Fruit]]
| [[Unitary State fruit of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]] ''Rubus idaeus''
| [[Image:Raspberries05.jpg|192px|centre|Unitary State Fruit of the UK]]
|-
! [[Vegetable]]
| [[Unitary State vegetable of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]] ''Brassica oleracea''
| [[Image:Cabbages Green and Purple 2120px.jpg|192px|centre|Unitary State Vegetable of the UK]]
|-
! [[Crop]]
| [[Unitary State crop of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]] ''Solanum tuberosum''
| [[Image:Potato Field - geograph.org.uk - 177598.jpg|192px|centre|Unitary State Crop of the UK]]
|-
! [[Sport]]
| [[Unitary State sport of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]] ''British play''
| [[Image:Rugby World Cup Logo.png|192px|centre|State Sport of the UK]][[Image:Chobham Rugby.JPG|192px|centre|]][[Image:Rugby Union in Germany . Centenary game - German XV vs. Barbarians. August 2000 in Hannover.jpg|192px|centre|]]
|-
! [[Tartan]]
| [[Unitary State tartan of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland]] ''British tartan''
| [[Image:British Tartan.png|192px|centre|State Tartan of the UK]]
|-
|}

===See also===
* [[National symbols of the Republic of Ireland]]
* [[National symbols of France]]

{{Politics-stub}}

{{Europe topic|National symbols of}}

[[Category:Great Britain-related lists| ]]
[[Category:Unitary State symbols of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland| ]]
[[Category:British culture| ]]

Mother of the Nation

2022-11-13T23:49:04Z

2A00:23C5:8D98:E201:FD2A:2ABF:2259:11A3: /* List */

The term '''Mother of the Nation''' refers to a female leader or female politician who led her [[country]] to independence or had a big, positive influence on her country, and who is highly [[Honour|honoured]] by her country.

==List==
The following women are still often called the "Mother" of their respective nations.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Name
! Nation
! Title (native)
! Title (translation)
! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| [[Vida Jane Mary Goldstein]] [[Image:Vida Goldstein 1911. Blathwayt, Col Linley.jpg|border|100px|Mother of the Nation of Australia]]
| {{flag|Australia}}
| N/A
| Mother of the Nation
| She was one of four female candidates at the [[1903 Australian federal election|1903 federal election]], the first at which women were eligible to stand. Goldstein followed her mother into the [[Women's suffrage in Australia|women's suffrage movement]] and soon became one of its leaders, becoming known both for her public speaking and as an editor of pro-suffrage publications. Despite her efforts, Victoria was the last Australian state to implement equal voting rights, with women did not grant the right to vote until 1908. After women's suffrage was achieved, Goldstein remained prominent as a campaigner for women's rights and various other social reforms. She was an ardent [[Pacifism|pacifist]] during World War I; and helped found the [[Women's Peace Army]], an anti-war organisation.
|-
| [[Sheikh Fazilatunnesa Mujib]] 
| {{flag|Bangladesh}}
| Jatira Maa ({{lang|bn|জাতীর মা}})
| Mother of the Nation
| Wife of the Founder of Bangladesh, and current Mother of the Prime Minister of Bangladesh.<ref>{{Cite news |title =Cabinet Pays Homage to Bangladesh's Founding President Sheikh Mujibur Rahman |url =http://newagebd.net/146076/cabinet-pays-homage-to-bangladeshs-founding-president-sheikh-mujibur-rahman/ |newspaper =New Age |access-date =9 December 2015 |archive-date =22 December 2015 |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20151222121518/http://newagebd.net/146076/cabinet-pays-homage-to-bangladeshs-founding-president-sheikh-mujibur-rahman/ |url-status =dead }}</ref>
|-
| [[Adelaide Hoodless]] [[Image:Christina Ann Smith of Hamilton.jpg|border|100px|Mother of the Nation of Canada]]
| {{flag|Canada}}
| N/A
| Mother of the Nation
| A Canadian educational reformer and administrator who founded the international women's organization known as the [[Women's Institute]]. She is also credited with [[National Council of Women of Canada]].
|-
| [[Sarojini Naidu]] [[File:Sarojini Naidu 1964 stamp of India.jpg|border|100px|Mother of the Nation of India]] ''(Nightingale of India)''
| {{flag|India}}
| In most Indian languages: [[International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration|ISAT]]:''Rāśhțramatā'' [[Devanagari]]:राष्ट्रमाता
| Mother of the Nation
| This title was not an official title and has no records in the National Archives of India. Indian constitution (Art. 18) prohibits the State from conferring any titles.<ref>{{cite web|title=Constitution of India|url=http://indiacode.nic.in/coiweb/welcome.html|website=Ministry of Law and Justice (Legislative Department)|publisher=GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE (LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT)|access-date=23 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223171017/http://indiacode.nic.in/coiweb/welcome.html|archive-date=2015-02-23|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| [[Whina Cooper|Dame Whina Cooper]] [[Image:Whina Cooper in Hamilton.jpg|border|100px|Mother of the Nation of New Zealand]]
| {{flag|New Zealand}}
| Te Whaea o te Motu
| Mother of the Nation
| She was elected first president of the new [[Māori people|Maori Women's Welfare League]].
|-
| Miss. [[Fatima Jinnah]] [[File:Muhammad Ali Jinnah with Fatima Jinnah.jpg|border|100px|Mother of the Nation of Pakistan]]
| {{flag|Pakistan}}
| Mādar-e Millat ({{lang|ur|مادرملت یعنی قوم کی ماں}}) & Khātūn-e Pākistān (Urdu: — "Lady of Pakistan") ({{lang|ur|خاتونِ پاکستان}})
| Mother of the Nation/Leader of Pakistani Women Rights
| [[Stateswoman]] and Sister of the founder of Pakistan, leading member of the [[All-India Muslim League|Muslim League]] and Campaigned for first Presidential elections of Pakistan in 1964, with the support of [[Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ahmed |first=Akbar S. |author-link=Akbar Ahmed |year=1997 |title=Jinnah, Pakistan and Islamic Identity: The Search for Saladin |url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/a/ahmed-jinnah.html |publisher=Routledge |page=12 |isbn=0-415-14965-7 |access-date=2016-09-14 |via=The New York Times|quote=Fatima is known as the Madr-e-Millat, Mother of the Nation, in Pakistan}}</ref>
|-
| [[Winnie Madikizela-Mandela]] [[Image:Winnie Mandela.jpg|border|100px|Mother of the Nation of South Africa]]
| {{flag|South Africa}}
| Moeder van die nasie
| Mother of the Nation
| Late Wife of First President of post-[[apartheid]] South Africa, A member of the (ANC) political party, she served on the ANC's National Executive Committee and headed its Women's League.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/en/events/mandeladay/2010/observance2010.shtml |title=Nelson Mandela International Day, July 18, For Freedom, Justice and Democracy |publisher=Un.org |accessdate=2013-03-22}}</ref>
|-
| [[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother]] [[Image:Queen_Elizabeth_the_Queen_Mother_portrait.jpg|border|100px|Mother of the Nation of Great Britain]] [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Queen Anne I the Unifier]][[Image:Queen Anne.jpg|100px]]
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| Late Mother of War Time Mother of the Nation, The Queen Mother
| First native Queen Elizabeth of Consort since the Tudor Times.
| {{Main|Acts of Union 1707}} '''(Treat of Union)'''
It was '''Anne I''' who finally achieved the [[Union of the Crowns|Unification of England and Scotland in 1707]] – something England had been chasing for centuries. Anne led England’s fight in the War of Spanish Succession, which lasted her entire reign. This 1706 – The Treaty of Union leads to the creation of [[Great Britain]] and a political unity between England, Wales and Scotland, which eventually led to the '''[[Sovereign state]]''' of the ''[[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland]]'' as an political entity power house (TOGETHER UNDER A SINGLE PARLIAMENT OF GREAT BRITAIN). There can be no doubting she was a Dutiful Loyal Queen, regularly attending [[Cabinet]] and [[Privy council]] meetings and being the last British monarch to [[Veto]] an [[Act of Parliament]].
|-
| [[Abigail Adams|Abigail Smith Adams]] [[Image:Abigail Adams.jpg|border|100px|Mother of the Nation of America]]
| {{flag|United States}}
| First Lady
| Mother of the Nation.
| She is famous for her early advocacy of several divisive causes, including women’s rights, female education and the [[Abolition of slavery]].
|}

== Related pages ==
* [[Father of the Nation]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{stub}}

[[Category:Nationalism]]
[[Category:Women]]

Mother of the Nation

2022-11-13T23:00:12Z

2A00:23C5:8D98:E201:FD2A:2ABF:2259:11A3: /* List */

The term '''Mother of the Nation''' refers to a female leader or female politician who led her [[country]] to independence or had a big, positive influence on her country, and who is highly [[Honour|honoured]] by her country.

==List==
The following women are still often called the "Mother" of their respective nations.

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Name
! Nation
! Title (native)
! Title (translation)
! class="unsortable" | Notes
|-
| [[Vida Jane Mary Goldstein]] [[Image:Vida Goldstein 1911. Blathwayt, Col Linley.jpg|border|100px|Mother of the Nation of Australia]]
| {{flag|Australia}}
| N/A
| Mother of the Nation
| She was one of four female candidates at the [[1903 Australian federal election|1903 federal election]], the first at which women were eligible to stand. Goldstein followed her mother into the [[Women's suffrage in Australia|women's suffrage movement]] and soon became one of its leaders, becoming known both for her public speaking and as an editor of pro-suffrage publications. Despite her efforts, Victoria was the last Australian state to implement equal voting rights, with women did not grant the right to vote until 1908. After women's suffrage was achieved, Goldstein remained prominent as a campaigner for women's rights and various other social reforms. She was an ardent [[Pacifism|pacifist]] during World War I; and helped found the [[Women's Peace Army]], an anti-war organisation.
|-
| [[Sheikh Fazilatunnesa Mujib]] 
| {{flag|Bangladesh}}
| Jatira Maa ({{lang|bn|জাতীর মা}})
| Mother of the Nation
| Wife of the Founder of Bangladesh, and current Mother of the Prime Minister of Bangladesh.<ref>{{Cite news |title =Cabinet Pays Homage to Bangladesh's Founding President Sheikh Mujibur Rahman |url =http://newagebd.net/146076/cabinet-pays-homage-to-bangladeshs-founding-president-sheikh-mujibur-rahman/ |newspaper =New Age |access-date =9 December 2015 |archive-date =22 December 2015 |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20151222121518/http://newagebd.net/146076/cabinet-pays-homage-to-bangladeshs-founding-president-sheikh-mujibur-rahman/ |url-status =dead }}</ref>
|-
| [[Adelaide Hoodless]] [[Image:Christina Ann Smith of Hamilton.jpg|border|100px|Mother of the Nation of Canada]]
| {{flag|Canada}}
| N/A
| Mother of the Nation
| A Canadian educational reformer and administrator who founded the international women's organization known as the [[Women's Institute]]. She is also credited with [[National Council of Women of Canada]].
|-
| [[Sarojini Naidu]] [[File:Sarojini Naidu 1964 stamp of India.jpg|border|100px|Mother of the Nation of India]]
''(Nightingale of India)''
| {{flag|India}}
| In most Indian languages: [[International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration|ISAT]]:''Rāśhțramatā'' [[Devanagari]]:राष्ट्रमाता
| Mother of the Nation
| This title was not an official title and has no records in the National Archives of India. Indian constitution (Art. 18) prohibits the State from conferring any titles.<ref>{{cite web|title=Constitution of India|url=http://indiacode.nic.in/coiweb/welcome.html|website=Ministry of Law and Justice (Legislative Department)|publisher=GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE (LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT)|access-date=23 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223171017/http://indiacode.nic.in/coiweb/welcome.html|archive-date=2015-02-23|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| [[Whina Cooper|Dame Whina Cooper]] [[Image:Whina Cooper in Hamilton.jpg|border|100px|Mother of the Nation of New Zealand]]
| {{flag|New Zealand}}
| Te Whaea o te Motu
| Mother of the Nation
| She was elected first president of the new [[Māori people|Maori Women's Welfare League]].
|-
| Miss. [[Fatima Jinnah]] [[File:Muhammad Ali Jinnah with Fatima Jinnah.jpg|border|100px|Mother of the Nation of Pakistan]]
| {{flag|Pakistan}}
| Mādar-e Millat ({{lang|ur|مادرملت یعنی قوم کی ماں}}) & Khātūn-e Pākistān (Urdu: — "Lady of Pakistan") ({{lang|ur|خاتونِ پاکستان}})
| Mother of the Nation/Leader of Pakistani Women Rights
| [[Stateswoman]] and Sister of the founder of Pakistan, leading member of the [[All-India Muslim League|Muslim League]] and Campaigned for first Presidential elections of Pakistan in 1964, with the support of [[Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ahmed |first=Akbar S. |author-link=Akbar Ahmed |year=1997 |title=Jinnah, Pakistan and Islamic Identity: The Search for Saladin |url=https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/a/ahmed-jinnah.html |publisher=Routledge |page=12 |isbn=0-415-14965-7 |access-date=2016-09-14 |via=The New York Times|quote=Fatima is known as the Madr-e-Millat, Mother of the Nation, in Pakistan}}</ref>
|-
| [[Winnie Madikizela-Mandela]] [[Image:Winnie Mandela.jpg|border|100px|Mother of the Nation of South Africa]]
| {{flag|South Africa}}
| Moeder van die nasie
| Mother of the Nation
| Late Wife of First President of post-[[apartheid]] South Africa, A member of the (ANC) political party, she served on the ANC's National Executive Committee and headed its Women's League.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/en/events/mandeladay/2010/observance2010.shtml |title=Nelson Mandela International Day, July 18, For Freedom, Justice and Democracy |publisher=Un.org |accessdate=2013-03-22}}</ref>
|-
| [[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother]] [[Image:Queen_Elizabeth_the_Queen_Mother_portrait.jpg|border|100px|Mother of the Nation of Great Britain]] [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Queen Anne I the Unifier]][[Image:Queen Anne.jpg|100px]]
| {{flag|United Kingdom}}
| Late Mother of War Time Mother of the Nation, The Queen Mother
| First native Queen Elizabeth of Consort since the Tudor Times.
| {{Main|Acts of Union 1707}} '''(Treat of Union)'''
It was '''Anne I''' who finally achieved the [[Union of the Crowns|Unification of England and Scotland in 1707]] – something England had been chasing for centuries. Anne led England’s fight in the War of Spanish Succession, which lasted her entire reign. This 1706 – The Treaty of Union leads to the creation of [[Great Britain]] and a political unity between England, Wales and Scotland, which eventually led to the '''[[Sovereign state]]''' of the ''[[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland]]'' as an political entity power house (TOGETHER UNDER A SINGLE PARLIAMENT OF GREAT BRITAIN). There can be no doubting she was a Dutiful Loyal Queen, regularly attending [[Cabinet]] and [[Privy council]] meetings and being the last British monarch to [[Veto]] an [[Act of Parliament]].
|-
| [[Abigail Adams|Abigail Smith Adams]] [[Image:Abigail Adams.jpg|border|100px|Mother of the Nation of America]]
| {{flag|United States}}
| First Lady
| Mother of the Nation.
| She is famous for her early advocacy of several divisive causes, including women’s rights, female education and the [[Abolition of slavery]].
|}

== Related pages ==
* [[Father of the Nation]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{stub}}

[[Category:Nationalism]]
[[Category:Women]]

Talk:Laughing kookaburra

2022-11-13T22:41:22Z

2A00:23C5:8D98:E201:FD2A:2ABF:2259:11A3: Created page with "{{Talk page}}"

Crocodylus porosus

2022-11-13T22:37:52Z

2A00:23C5:8D98:E201:FD2A:2ABF:2259:11A3: /* References */

{{taxobox
| name = Saltwater crocodile
| image = SaltwaterCrocodile('Maximo').jpg
| image_width = 250px
| status_system = iucn2.3
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| classis = [[reptile|Sauropsida]]
| ordo = [[Crocodilia|Crocodylia]]
| familia = [[Crocodylidae]]
| genus = ''[[Crocodylus]]''
| binomial = ''Crocodylus porosus''
| range_map =
| range_map_caption =
}}

The '''Saltwater crocodile''' (''Crocodylus porosus'') is the largest of all living [[reptile]]s.<ref name=pz/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nature.org/newsfeatures/specialfeatures/animals/reptiles/saltwater-crocodile.xml |accessdate=2013-04-27 |title=Saltwater Crocodile |publisher=The Nature Conservancy |date=May 2012 |archive-date=2012-12-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121222141304/http://www.nature.org/newsfeatures/specialfeatures/animals/reptiles/saltwater-crocodile.xml |url-status=dead }}</ref> They are amphibious, living in sea water, rivers and on land. In terms of [[weight]], it is the third largest amphibious animal, after the bull [[elephant seal]] (typically 2700 kg/6000 lb; 5 m or 16 ft) and the [[walrus]].

Crocodiles are an ancient form of life, with [[fossil]]s from 200 million years ago.<ref name="edwards">{{cite book|last=Edwards|first=Hugh|title=Crocodile attack in Australia|publisher=J.B. Books|location=Marleston, South Australia|date=1998|isbn=0646360043}}</ref> 'Salties', as they are commonly called, are found in Northern [[Australia]], [[New Guinea]], some parts of Southeast [[Asia]], and the surrounding waters. They live in habitats near the [[coast]]: rivers, [[swamp]]s, [[Billabong (lake)|billabongs]], beaches and sometimes the open sea.<ref name=qm/>

== Description ==
The saltwater crocodile is a large reptile growing to about {{convert|5|m|ft|0|lk=on|abbr=on}} in length.<ref name="qm">{{cite book|title=Wildlife of Tropical North Queensland|publisher=Queensland Museum|date=2000|isbn=0-7242-9349-3}}</ref> The males are bigger than the female, with some rare individuals as long as 7 metres (23 feet).<ref name="Wood">{{cite book |last= Wood |first=Gerald |title=The Guinness Book of Animal Facts and Feats |year=1983 |pages=256 |isbn=978-0-85112-235-9}}</ref> Others believe in a slightly smaller size of 6.3 metres (20.7 feet).<ref name="Britton2012">{{cite journal|last1=Britton|first1=Adam R. C.|last2=Whitaker|first2=Romulus|last3=Whitaker|first3=Nikhil|title=Here be a Dragon: exceptional size in a saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) from the Philippines|journal=Herpetological Review|date=2012|volume=43|issue=4}}</ref> They can weigh up to {{convert|1360|kg|lb|lk=on|abbr=on}}. They have a powerful tail which helps with swimming. They have a wide snout, with big scales making two rows down their neck and back.

Saltwater crocodiles are now a protected species in [[Australia]]. However, if humans are at risk of being attacked, the crocodile is moved to avoid possible harm. Many years ago, Australia used to export crocodile [[skin]]. Between 1945 and 1958 more than 87,000 skins were exported.<ref name=edwards/> They became so scarce that hunters had difficulty finding any. They were protected in [[Western Australia]] in 1969, the [[Northern Territory]] in 1971, and [[Queensland]] in 1974.<ref name=edwards/> Hunting crocodiles is now illegal. There are now farms to breed crocodiles for the skins to make leather, meat and for Chinese medicines.

== Reproduction ==
Saltwater crocodiles [[reproduction|reproduce]] during the wet season, in Australia from November to March. There is a complex [[mate|mating]] ritual which includes them rubbing their heads and bodies together, before they mate in the water.<ref name="az">{{cite web|url=http://www.australiazoo.com.au/our-animals/amazing-animals/reptiles/?reptile=crocodilians&animal=saltwater%20crocodile|title=Saltwater Crocodiles|work=Amazing Animals|publisher=Australian Zoo|language=English}}</ref> The female builds a nest with plants that she breaks off with her teeth, and then pushes together with her back legs.<ref name=az/> A female crocodile can lay up to 60 eggs at a time.<ref name=qm/> These eggs are large, with a hard shell. They take about three months to hatch.<ref name=qm/> If the temperature in the nest is less than 32 degrees Celsius, the baby crocodiles will be female.<ref name="pz">{{cite web|url=http://www.perthzoo.wa.gov.au/Animals--Plants/Australia/Australian-Wetlands/Estuarine-Crocodile/|title=Estuarine Crocodile|work=Animals and Plants|publisher=Perth Zoo, [[Western Australia]]|language=English|access-date=2010-02-26|archive-date=2010-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100108074641/http://www.perthzoo.wa.gov.au/Animals--Plants/Australia/Australian-Wetlands/Estuarine-Crocodile/|url-status=dead}}</ref> If the temperature is between 32 and 33 degrees the babies will be male.<ref name=pz/> When the crocodiles hatch out of the eggs, the mother will carry them in her mouth to the water.<ref name=pz/> Few of them survive in the wild and grow to be adult crocodiles.

== Behavior ==
[[File:Crocodile warning.JPG|thumb|220px|right|Warning sign in [[Queensland]]]]
Saltwater crocodiles can be dangerous (and very aggressive) to both humans and other animals. They can move very fast in the water and on land. Sometimes, they can kill a person, but this does not happen very often. Usually, there are "No Swimming" signs near areas with high crocodile activity. Crocodiles can lie very still for up to one hour. They are able to leap as high as {{convert|2|m|ft|0|lk=on|abbr=on}}.<ref name=edwards/> In March 1987, a [[Toyota]] land cruiser collided with a crocodile at Cahill's Crossing on the East Alligator River. The crocodile knocked the motor car off the roadway with its tail.<ref name=edwards/> Crocodiles can also live in fresh water. Scientists have found crocodiles up to 235 kilometres from the sea.<ref name="ca">{{cite web|url=http://www.outback-crocodile-adventures.com/crocodile-attacks.html|title=Crocodile Attacks|date=2005|work=Outback Crocodile Adventures|language=English|accessdate=2009-12-19|archive-date=2009-06-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090613023552/http://www.outback-crocodile-adventures.com/crocodile-attacks.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Diet ==
Saltwater crocodiles can go a long time without eating. When they do eat, they catch fish, [[crustacean]]s, birds or grazing animals that have come to the water to drink.<ref name=qm/> The size of prey taken depends on how large the crocodile is.

== Other websites ==
* [http://madrascrocbank.blogspot.com/2008/08/worlds-biggest-crocodiles.html More information about the world's biggest crocodiles]

* [http://www.australianextremes.com Saltwater crocodiles in freedom: Authentic pictures and descriptions]

== References ==
{{wikispecies|Crocodylus porosus}}
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Reptiles of Australia]]
[[Category:National symbols of Olhemaroa]]
[[Category:Crocodilians of Asia]]
[[Category:State symbols of the Independent Territory of East Timor]]

Talk:Koala

2022-11-13T22:34:56Z

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Talk:National reptile of Olhemaroa

2022-11-13T22:33:27Z

2A00:23C5:8D98:E201:FD2A:2ABF:2259:11A3: Redirected page to Crocodylus porosus

#Redirect [[Crocodylus porosus]]

Talk:National symbols of Olhemaroa

2022-11-13T22:29:06Z

2A00:23C5:8D98:E201:FD2A:2ABF:2259:11A3: /* Symbols */

[[Image:Flag of Australia.svg|border|100px|right]]
[[Image:Australia with AAT (orthographic projection).svg|thumb|Location of Australia, including outlying islands, its territorial claim in the Antarctic.]]
The '''National Symbols of the Australasian Oceanic Nation-State of [[Olhemaroa]]''' are official and unofficial flags, icons or cultural expressions that are emblematic, representative or otherwise characteristic of [[Olhemaroa people|Olhemaroan]] and of its culture. Among the additional objects which are considered to be symbols of the Aussie nation, is the indigenous [[Red Kangaroo]].

==Symbols==
{|class="wikitable" style="width:70%;"
!
!Symbol
!Image
|-
! [[Coat of arms]]
| [[Coat of arms of Australia]]
| [[Image:Coat of arms of Australia.svg|192px|centre|State Coat of Arms of Olhemaroa]]
|-
! [[Flag]]s
| [[Flag of Australia]] [[Australian Aboriginal Flag]]
| [[Image:Under the Southern Cross Flag (2017 Australian Flag Proposal).svg|192px|centre|State Flag of Olhemaroa]][[Image:David Couzens Proposal for Australia.svg|192px|centre]] [[Image:Australian Aboriginal Flag.svg|192px|centre]]
|-
! [[Flower]]
| [[National flower of Australia]] ''Acacia pycnantha''
| [[Image:Acacia pycnantha (Golden Wattle) - Steiglitz, Victoria Australia (4804368492).jpg|192px|centre|State Flower of Olhemaroa]]
|-
! [[Plant]]
| [[National plant of Australia]] ''Kingia australis''
| [[Image:BlackGins,AridGarden,RBG-CranbourneVIC.jpg|192px|centre|State Plant of Olhemaroa]]
|-
! [[Tree]]
| [[National tree of Australia]] ''Acacia pycnantha''
| [[Image:Wattle Tree.jpg|192px|centre|State Tree of Olhemaroa]]
|-
! [[Bird]]s
| [[National bird of Australia]] ''Dromaius novaehollandiae'' [[Avifaunae emblem of Olhemaroa]] ''Dacelo novaeguineae''
| [[Image:Emu-wild.jpg|192px|centre|State Bird of Olhemaroa]][[Image:Kookaburra melb.jpg|192px|centre|Aussie Bird of Olhemaroa]]
|-
! [[Animal]]s
| [[National animal of Australia]] ''Osphranter rufus'' [[Faunae emblem of Olhemaroa]] ''Phascolarctos cinereus''
| [[Image:Red kangaroo - melbourne zoo.jpg|192px|centre|State Animal of Olhemaroa]][[Image:Phascolarctos cinereus Bonorong.jpg|192px|centre|Aussie Animal of Olhemaroa]]
|-
! [[Reptile]]
| [[National reptile of Olhemaroa]] ''Crocodylus porosus''
| [[Image:Saltwater crocodile.jpg|192px|centre|State Reptile of Olhemaroa]]
|-
! [[Fruit]]
| [[National fruit of Australia]] ''Syzygium luehmannii''
| [[Image:Syzygium luehmannii fruit.jpg|192px|centre|State Fruit of Olhemaroa]]
|-
! [[Dish]]
| [[National dish of Australia]] ''Olhemaroan cuisine''
| [[Image:Aussie meat pie (cropped).jpg|192px|centre|State Dish of Olhemaroa]]
|-
! [[Sport]]
| [[National sport of Australia]] ''Olhemaroan play''
| [[Image:Dubai Sports City Pak vs Aussies.jpg|192px|centre|State Sport of Olhemaroa]]
|-
|}

===See also===
* [[National symbols of New Zealand]]

{{Politics-stub}}

{{Oceania topic|National symbols of}}

[[Category:Australia-related lists| ]]
[[Category:National symbols of Olhemaroa| ]]
[[Category:Olhemaroan culture| ]]
[[Category:National symbols of Olhemaroa| ]]
[[Category:National symbols of Western Australasia (Republic of Auralia)| ]]

Talk:State symbols of Togo

2022-11-13T21:12:39Z

2A00:23C5:8D98:E201:FD2A:2ABF:2259:11A3: /* Togolese symbols */

{{Short description|none}}
[[Image:Seal of the French Territory of Togoland.svg|border|100px|right]]
[[Image:Location Togo AU Africa.svg|thumb|Location of the Togolese state (dark blue).]]
The '''State symbols of [[Togo]]''' are the [[symbol]]s that are used to represent both the divided [[Togolese people]] proper and abroad to [[National symbol|represent the country and its people]].

==Togolese symbols==
{|class="wikitable" style="width:70%;"
!
!Symbol
!Image
|-
! [[Coat of arms]]
| [[State Coat of arms of Togo]]
| [[Image:Armoiries du Togo.svg|172px|centre|Coat of Arms of Togo]]
|-
! [[Flag]]
| [[State flag of Togo]]
| [[Image:Flag of Togo.svg|172px|centre|State Flag of Togo]]
|-
! [[Flower]]s
| [[State flower of Togo]] ''Rosa pimpinellifolia'' [[Flora emblem of Togo]] ''Disocactus speciosus''
| [[Image:Rosa 'Prairie Maid' 1.jpg|172px|centre|State Flower of Togo]][[Image:Disocactus speciosus1MTFL.jpg|172px|centre]]
|-
! [[Plant]]
| [[State plant of Togo]] ''Encephalartos barteri''
| [[Image:Encephalartos barteri furnas 2015 (01).jpg|172px|centre|State Plant of Togo]]
|-
! [[Tree]]
| [[State tree of Togo]] ''Elaeis guineensis''
| [[Image:Palmeraie à Glodjigbé Abomey-Calavi benin.jpg|172px|centre|State Tree of Togo]]
|-
! [[Bird]]
| [[State bird of Togo]] ''Vidua togoensis''
| [[Image:No image available.svg|172px|centre|State Bird of Togo]]
|-
! [[Animal]]
| [[State animal of Togo]] ''Hexaprotodon liberiensis heslopi''
| [[Image:Pygmy hippopotamus pair.jpg|172px|centre|State Animal of Togo]]
|-
! [[Reptile]]
| [[State reptile of Togo]] ''Mecistops cataphractus''
| [[Image:Faux Gavial (9398288667).jpg|172px|centre|State Reptile of Togo]]
|-
|}

{{Politics-stub}}

{{Africa topic|National symbols of}}

[[Category:State symbols of Togo| ]]

Coconut palm

2022-11-13T21:05:25Z

2A00:23C5:8D98:E201:FD2A:2ABF:2259:11A3: /* Seed dispersal */

{{Taxobox
| name = Coconut
| status =
| image = Singapore coconut.jpg
| image_width = 240px
| image_caption = Coconut palm (''Cocos nucifera'')
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Liliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Arecales]]
| familia = [[Arecaceae]]
| genus = ''Cocos''
| binomial = ''Cocos nucifera''
| binomial_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]}}
[[File:Coconut.png|thumb|right|200px|Coconut from [[Ivory Coast]]]]
[[File:Coconut trunk.jpg|thumb|Coconut trunk]]
[[File:2019 Jan 15 - Kumbh Mela - Coconuts For Sale.jpg|thumb|Kumbh Mela - Coconuts For Sale]]
The '''coconut palm''' is a [[palm tree]] in the [[Family (biology)|family]] [[Arecaceae]] (palm family). It is a large palm, growing to 30 [[Metre|m]] tall. It has [[leaf|leaves]] that are 4–6 m long. The term ''coconut'' refers to the fruit of the coconut palm.

There are many coconut palms on the [[coast]]s of Indonesia, [[India]], America, South Sudan, [[Bangladesh]] and Tanzania. People of this area use [[coconut milk]] in cooking. Women use [[coconut oil]] as oil for their [[hair]]. The coconut's shell is relatively hard, but can be broken. Because its shell is hard, it can be used as an ingredient to make craftworks.

Coconut milk is also used in many drinks. Coconut oil is often in food and soaps. People in [[Sri Lanka]] use coconut flowers for wedding celebrations. In the [[Maldives]] it is the [[List of national trees|National tree]].

The coconut is not actually a [[Nut (fruit)|nut]], but is in fact a [[drupe]]. Coconuts grow in [[tropical]] countries. The flesh of a coconut is [[white]] and can be eaten [[raw]] or used in [[cooking]]. It is used in many of the foods we eat for flavour. It is native to tropical areas.

== Seed dispersal ==
Coconuts floats on water and can float to another island and germinate there. It has often been noted that coconuts can travel up to 110 days, or 3000 miles, by sea and still be able to germinate.

{{Fruits}}

{{multistub|biology|food}}

[[Category:Trees]]
[[Category:Arecaceae]]
[[Category:National symbols of India]]
[[Category:National symbols of the Maldives]]
[[Category:State symbols of Sierra Leone]]
[[Category:State symbols of Togo]]
[[Category:National Symbols Of the Independent Republic of Chagossia Nation-Island State]]
[[Category:Coconuts| ]]

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