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<div>{{short description|Overview of the national symbols of Pakistan}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}<br />
{{Disputed|date=April 2022|reason=fgfg}}<br />
{{Culture of Pakistan}}<br />
[[Pakistan]] has several official '''national symbols''' including a flag, an emblem, an anthem, a memorial tower as well as several national heroes. The symbols were adopted at various stages in the existence of Pakistan and there are various rules and regulations governing their definition or use. The oldest symbol is the [[Lahore Resolution]], adopted by the [[All-India Muslim League|All India Muslim League]] on 23 March 1940, and which presented the official demand for the creation of a separate country for the Muslims of [[British Raj|India]]. The Minar-e-Pakistan memorial tower which was built in 1968 on the site where the Lahore Resolution was passed. The national flag was adopted just before independence was achieved on 14 August 1947. The national anthem and the state emblem were each adopted in 1954. There are also several other symbols including the national animal, bird, flower and tree.<br />
<br />
== Minar-e-Pakistan ==<br />
[[File:All India Muslim League Working Committee Lahore 1940.jpg|thumb|The Muslim League Working Committee in Lahore, 1940]]<br />
{{Main|Lahore Resolution|Minar-e-Pakistan}}<br />
The Lahore Resolution (''Qarardad-e-Lahore'') ({{lang-ur|{{nastaliq|قرارداد لاھور}}}}), also known as the Pakistan Resolution,<ref name="robinson">{{Cite journal<br />
| last = Robinson<br />
| first = Francis<br />
| title = The Muslims and Partition<br />
| journal = History Today<br />
| volume = 47<br />
| issue = 9<br />
| pages = 40–46<br />
| publisher = History Today Ltd<br />
| location = London<br />
| date = September 1997<br />
| url = http://www.historytoday.com/MainArticle.aspx?m=10381&amid=10381<br />
| access-date = 29 November 2007<br />
}}</ref> was a formal political statement adopted by the [[All India Muslim League]] at the occasion of its three-day general session on 22–24 March 1940 at Minto Park (now [[Iqbal Park]]), Lahore. The resolution called for greater Muslim autonomy in British India and has been largely interpreted as a demand for a separate Muslim state.<ref name="jaffrelot">{{cite book<br />
| last = Jaffrelot<br />
| first = Christophe<br />
| title = A History of Pakistan and its Origins<br />
| publisher = Anthem Press<br />
| year = 2004<br />
| location = London<br />
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Q9sI_Y2CKAcC&q=A+history+of+Pakistan+and+its+origins&pg=PP1<br />
| isbn = 1-84331-149-6<br />
| page = 16<br />
}}</ref> The idea of separate state for Indian Muslims was first suggested by [[Muhammad Iqbal]] in 1930<ref name="critique">{{cite book<br />
| last = Mir<br />
| first = Mustansir<br />
| title = Iqbal<br />
| publisher = I. B. Tauris<br />
| year = 2006<br />
| location = London; New York<br />
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=svYphqj8h7UC&q=Iqbal<br />
| isbn = 1-84511-094-3<br />
| page = 138<br />
}}</ref> and the name of Pakistan was proposed by [[Choudhary Rahmat Ali]] in his [[Now or Never; Are We to Live or Perish Forever?|Pakistan Declaration]] pamphlet in 1933.<ref name="rahmatali">{{cite journal<br />
| last = Brown<br />
| first = W. Norman<br />
| title = India's Pakistan Issue<br />
| journal = Proceedings<br />
| volume = 91<br />
| issue = 2<br />
| page = 161<br />
| publisher = American Philosophical Society<br />
| date = 19 October 1946<br />
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=fpWH6doabbYC&q=Proceedings,+American+Philosophical+Society+(vol.+91,+no.+2)<br />
| access-date = 29 November 2007<br />
| isbn = 978-1-4223-8093-2<br />
}}</ref> Initially, Muhammad Ali Jinnah and other leaders were in favour of [[Hindu-Muslim unity]], but the volatile political climate and religious hostilities of the 1930s made the idea more appealing.<ref name="talbot">{{cite book<br />
| last = Talbot<br />
| first = Ian<br />
| title = Pakistan: A Modern History<br />
| publisher = Oxford University Press<br />
| year = 1999<br />
| location = New Delhi; New York<br />
| isbn = 0-19-565073-5<br />
}}</ref><ref name="blood">{{cite book<br />
| last = Blood<br />
| first = Peter R.<br />
| title = Pakistan: A Country Study<br />
| publisher = Federal Research Division, Library of Congress<br />
| year = 1995<br />
| location = Washington, D.C.<br />
| pages = [https://archive.org/details/pakistancountrys00bloo/page/28 28]–29<br />
| url = https://archive.org/details/pakistancountrys00bloo<br />
| url-access = registration<br />
| quote = Pakistan: A Country Study.<br />
| isbn = 0-8444-0834-4<br />
}}</ref><br />
In his speech, Jinnah criticised the [[Indian National Congress]] and the nationalist Muslims, and espoused the [[Two-Nation Theory]] and the reasons for the demand for separate Muslim homelands.<ref name="wolpert">{{cite book<br />
| last = Wolpert<br />
| first = Stanley A.<br />
| author-link = Stanley Wolpert<br />
| title = Jinnah of Pakistan<br />
| publisher = Oxford University Press<br />
| year = 1984<br />
| location = New York<br />
| isbn = 0-19-503412-0<br />
}}</ref> Sir [[Sikandar Hayat Khan (Punjabi politician)|Sikandar Hayat Khan]], the Chief Minister of the [[Punjab region|Punjab]], drafted the original resolution, but that was not fully acceptable to all the Working Committee,<ref name="tinker">{{cite book<br />
| last = Tinker<br />
| first = Hugh<br />
| title = Men Who Overturned Empires: Fighters, Dreamers, and Schemers<br />
| publisher = University of Wisconsin Press<br />
| year = 1987<br />
| location = Madison<br />
| isbn = 0-299-11460-0<br />
| page = 50<br />
}}</ref> so extensive redrafting followed, by the Subject Committee of the Muslim League. The text is ambiguous in accepting the concept of various Muslim 'zones' within a "United India" due to communal concerns<ref name="malik">{{cite book<br />
| last = Malik<br />
| first = Muhammad Aslam<br />
| title = The Making of the Pakistan Resolution<br />
| publisher = Oxford University Press<br />
| year = 2001<br />
| location = Karachi<br />
| isbn = 0-19-579538-5<br />
}}</ref> and it does not clearly recommend the creation of a separate, fully independent Muslim state.<ref name="ahmed">{{cite book<br />
| last = Ahmed<br />
| first = Syed Iftikhar<br />
| title = Essays on Pakistan<br />
| publisher = Alpha Bravo Publishers<br />
| year = 1983<br />
| location = Lahore<br />
}}</ref> The resolution was moved in the general session by [[A.K. Fazlul Huq]], Chief Minister of [[Bengal]] and was supported seconded by several leaders. The principle text of the Lahore Resolution was passed on 24 March 1940. In 1941 it became part of the Muslim League's constitution. By 1946, it formed the basis for the struggle of the Muslim League for a separate Muslim state.<ref name="struggle">{{cite book<br />
| last = Qureshi<br />
| first = Ishtiaq Husain<br />
| title = The Struggle for Pakistan<br />
| url = https://archive.org/details/struggleforpakis0000qure<br />
| url-access = registration<br />
| publisher = University of Karachi<br />
| year = 1965<br />
| location = Karachi<br />
}}</ref> The statement declared:<br />
<br />
{{quotation|No constitutional plan would be workable or acceptable to the Muslims unless geographical contiguous units are demarcated into regions which should be so constituted with such territorial readjustments as may be necessary. That the areas in which the Muslims are numerically in majority as in the North-Western and Eastern zones of India should be grouped to constitute independent states in which the constituent units shall be autonomous and sovereign … That adequate, effective and mandatory safeguards shall be specifically provided in the constitution for minorities in the units and in the regions for the protection of their religious, cultural, economic, political, administrative and other rights of the minorities, with their consultation. Arrangements thus should be made for the security of Muslims where they were in a minority.<ref name="ashop">{{cite book<br />
| last = Qureshi<br />
| first = Ishtiaq Husain<br />
| title = A Short History of Pakistan<br />
| publisher = University of Karachi<br />
| year = 1967<br />
| location = Karachi<br />
}}</ref>}}<br />
[[File:Minar-e-Pakistan by ZILL NIAZI 2.jpg|thumb|220x220px|The Minar-e-Pakistan]]<br />
The Minar-e-Pakistan (Urdu: {{Nastaliq|مينارِ پاكستان}}; ''Mīnār-ĕ Pākistān'') or ''Tower of Pakistan'' is a 60&nbsp;metre tall concrete minaret in Iqbal Park in Lahore.<ref name="archnet">{{cite web<br />
| url = http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.tcl?site_id=364<br />
| title = Minar-e Pakistan<br />
| publisher = ArchNet, Massachusetts Institute of Technology<br />
| access-date = 29 November 2007<br />
| url-status = dead<br />
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070311052425/http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.tcl?site_id=364<br />
| archive-date = 11 March 2007<br />
}}</ref> The Minar was built on the site where the Muslim League passed the Lahore Resolution, demanding the creation of Pakistan. Pakistan now celebrates this day as a national holiday each year under the name of [[Republic Day#March|Pakistan Day]] which is also the day in 1956 when the country became the first [[Islamic Republic]] in the world.<ref name="republic">{{cite book<br />
| last = Blood<br />
| first = Peter R.<br />
| title = Pakistan: A Country Study<br />
| publisher = Federal Research Division, Library of Congress<br />
| year = 1995<br />
| location = Washington, D.C.<br />
| url = https://archive.org/details/pakistancountrys00bloo<br />
| url-access = registration<br />
| quote = Pakistan: A Country Study.<br />
| isbn = 0-8444-0834-4<br />
| page = [https://archive.org/details/pakistancountrys00bloo/page/41 41]<br />
}}</ref> It was designed by [[List of Pakistani architects|Muhammad Wali Ullah Khan]] and built by Mian Abdul Khaliq Company. The base of the tower is raised about 4&nbsp;metres from the ground. The next 13&nbsp;metres form a sculpted, flower-like base and from this point, the Minar tapers as it rises. The base platform is shaped like a five-pointed star and it encloses crescent-shaped pools. It is constructed of reinforced concrete, with the floors and walls rendered in stone and marble.<ref name="archnet" /><br />
<br />
== National flag ==<br />
[[File:Flag of Pakistan.svg|thumb|The National Flag]]<br />
{{Main|Flag of Pakistan}}<br />
The national flag was designed by [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], the founder of Pakistan,<ref name="flagsig1">{{cite web<br />
| url = http://www.infopak.gov.pk/Flag.aspx<br />
| title = Pakistan flag<br />
| publisher = Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of Pakistan<br />
| access-date = 29 November 2007<br />
| url-status = dead<br />
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090305050001/http://www.infopak.gov.pk/Flag.aspx<br />
| archive-date = 5 March 2009<br />
}}</ref> and was based on the original flag of the Muslim League. It was adopted by the [[Constituent Assembly]]<ref name="flag resolution">{{cite web<br />
| url = http://www.pakistani.org/pakistan/flagspec.html<br />
| title = Pakistan Flag specification: Resolution Passed by Constituent Assembly<br />
| publisher = Pakistani.org<br />
| access-date = 29 November 2007<br />
}}</ref> on 11 August 1947, just days before independence.<ref name="flagdate1">{{cite web<br />
| url = http://www.na.gov.pk/history.htm<br />
| title = Parliamentary History<br />
| publisher = National Assembly of Pakistan<br />
| access-date = 29 November 2007<br />
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071024010023/http://www.na.gov.pk/history.htm<br />
| archive-date = 24 October 2007<br />
}}</ref><ref name="flagdate2">{{cite web<br />
| url = http://www.pakistan.gov.pk/divisions/parliamentary-division/media/parhistory.pdf<br />
| title = Parliamentary History of Pakistan<br />
| publisher = Parliamentary Division, Government of Pakistan<br />
| access-date = 29 November 2007<br />
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080216122336/http://www.pakistan.gov.pk/divisions/parliamentary-division/media/parhistory.pdf<br />
| archive-date = 16 February 2008<br />
}}</ref><ref name="flagdate3">{{cite web<br />
| url = http://www.pas.gov.pk/third-las.htm<br />
| title = Legislative Assembly of Sind under the Pakistan (Provincial Constitution) Order, 1947<br />
| publisher = Provincial Assembly of Sindh<br />
| access-date = 29 November 2007<br />
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071215110742/http://www.pas.gov.pk/third-las.htm<br />
| archive-date = 15 December 2007<br />
}}</ref> The flag is referred to in the national anthem as ''Parcham-e-Sitāra-o-Hilāl'' in Urdu (''lit.'' Flag of the Crescent and Star). The flag comprises a dark green field, representing the [[Islam|Muslim]] majority of Pakistan, with a vertical white stripe in the hoist, representing religious [[Status of minorities in Pakistan|minorities]].<ref name="flagsig1" /> In the centre is a white crescent moon, representing progress, and a white five-pointed star, representing light and knowledge.<ref name="flagsig1" /> The flag symbolizes Pakistan's commitment to Islam, the Islamic world and the rights of religious minorities.<ref name="basicfacts">{{cite web<br />
| url = http://www.infopak.gov.pk/BasicFacts.aspx<br />
| title = Basic Facts<br />
| publisher = Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of Pakistan<br />
| access-date = 29 November 2007<br />
}}</ref> The flag is flown on several important days of the year including Republic Day and Independence Day.<ref name="flagflying">{{cite web<br />
| url = http://www.pakistan.gov.pk/divisions/ContentInfo.jsp?DivID=23&cPath=221_227&ContentID=758<br />
| title = Pakistan Flag<br />
| publisher = Ministry of the Interior, Government of Pakistan<br />
| access-date = 29 November 2007<br />
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071114124633/http://www.pakistan.gov.pk/divisions/ContentInfo.jsp?DivID=23&cPath=221_227&ContentID=758<br />
| archive-date = 14 November 2007<br />
}}</ref> The flag is also flown on the residences and motor vehicles of many public officials including the [[President of Pakistan|President]] and the Prime Minister.<br />
<br />
== National anthem ==<br />
{{Main|Qaumi Tarana}}<br />
The national anthem of Pakistan or ''Qaumī Tarāna'' (Urdu: {{nastaliq|قومى ترانہ}}), is played during any event involving the hoisting of the flag, for example Resolutions Day (23 March) and Independence Day (14 August). The Constituent Assembly had not adopted a national anthem by the time Pakistan became independent, so when the flag was hoisted at the independence ceremony it was accompanied by the song, "''Pakistan Zindabad, Azadi Paendabad''". Muhammad Ali Jinnah asked a Lahore-based Hindu writer, [[Jagan Nath Azad]], to write a national anthem for Pakistan.<ref name="first_anthem">{{cite web<br />
| url = http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=story_19-6-2005_pg7_31<br />
| title = Jagan Nath Azad wrote Pakistan's first anthem<br />
| publisher = Daily Times of Pakistan<br />
| access-date = 29 November 2007<br />
}}</ref> Jinnah may have done this to promote a more secular idealism for Pakistan.<ref name="peninsula">{{cite web<br />
| url = http://www.thepeninsulaqatar.com/Display_news.asp?section=World_News&subsection=Pakistan+%26+Sub-Continent&month=June2005&file=World_News2005062121615.xml<br />
| title = A Hindu wrote Pakistan's first national anthem<br />
| publisher = The Peninsula<br />
| access-date = 29 November 2007<br />
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070513184633/http://www.thepeninsulaqatar.com/Display_news.asp?section=World_News&subsection=Pakistan+%26+Sub-Continent&month=June2005&file=World_News2005062121615.xml<br />
| archive-date = 13 May 2007<br />
}}</ref> The anthem written by Azad was quickly approved by Jinnah, and it was played on [[Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation|Radio Pakistan]].<ref name="dawn">{{cite web<br />
| url = http://www.dawn.com/2004/06/27/fea.htm#4<br />
| title = A word about Jagan Nath Azad<br />
| author = Ashfaque Naqvi<br />
| work = Dawn<br />
| location = Pakistan<br />
| access-date = 29 November 2007<br />
}}</ref> Azad's work remained as Pakistan's national anthem for about eighteen months.<br />
<br />
A National Anthem Committee was formed in 1948, but it had difficulty finding suitable music and lyrics. The impending state visit of the [[Mohammad Reza Pahlavi|Shah of Iran]] in 1950, resulted in the hasty adoption of a three stanza composition by [[Ahmed Ghulamali Chagla]]. Initially it was performed without lyrics for the [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Minister]] [[Liaquat Ali Khan]] on 10 August 1950<ref name="antheminfo">{{cite web<br />
| url = http://www.infopak.gov.pk/Anthem.aspx<br />
| title = National Anthem<br />
| publisher = Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of Pakistan<br />
| access-date = 29 November 2007<br />
| url-status = dead<br />
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130715083249/http://www.infopak.gov.pk/Anthem.aspx<br />
| archive-date = 15 July 2013<br />
}}</ref> and was approved for playing during the visit of the Shah. However, the anthem was not officially adopted until August 1954.<ref name="antheminfo" /> The National Anthem Committee eventually approved lyrics written by Abu-Al-Asar [[Hafeez Jullandhuri]] and the new national anthem was first played properly on Radio Pakistan on 13 August 1954.<ref name="played">{{cite web<br />
| url = http://mazhar.dk/pakistan/facts.htm#anthem<br />
| title = National Anthem of Pakistan<br />
| author = Mazhar Iqbal, Mazhar.dk<br />
| access-date = 12 April 2006<br />
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060218235631/http://mazhar.dk/pakistan/facts.htm#anthem<br />
| archive-date = 18 February 2006<br />
}}</ref> Official approval was announced by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting on 16 August 1954 followed by a performance of the national anthem in 1955 involving eleven major singers of Pakistan including [[Ahmad Rushdi]].<ref name="singers">{{cite web<br />
| url = http://mazhar.dk/film/singers/ahmadrushdi/<br />
| title = Ahmad Rushdi<br />
| author = Mazhar Iqbal, Mazhar.dk<br />
| access-date = 12 April 2006<br />
}}</ref><br />
<br />
== State emblem ==<br />
[[File:State emblem of Pakistan.svg|thumb|The State Emblem]]<br />
{{Main|State emblem of Pakistan}}<br />
The State Emblem was adopted in 1954 and symbolizes Pakistan's ideological foundation, the basis of its economy, its cultural heritage and its guiding principles.<ref name="emblem1">{{cite web<br />
| url = http://www.infopak.gov.pk/Eemblem.aspx<br />
| title = The State Emblem<br />
| publisher = Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of Pakistan<br />
| access-date = 29 November 2007<br />
| url-status = dead<br />
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070701023430/http://www.infopak.gov.pk/Eemblem.aspx<br />
| archive-date = 1 July 2007<br />
}}</ref> The four components of the emblem are a crescent and star crest above a shield, which is surrounded by a wreath, below which is a scroll.<ref name="emblem1" /> The crest and the green colour of the emblem are traditional symbols of Islam. The quartered shield in the centre shows cotton, wheat, tea and jute, which were the major crops of Pakistan at independence and signify the agricultural base of the economy.<ref name="emblem1" /> The floral wreath, surrounding the shield, represents the floral designs used in traditional [[Mughal painting|Mughal]] art and emphasizes the cultural heritage of Pakistan.<ref name="emblem1" /><br />
<br />
== <span id="Nation's Motto"></span>Motto ==<br />
{{Main|Iman Ittihad Nazm}}<br />
The scroll supporting the shield contains Muhammad Ali Jinnah's motto in Urdu, which reads from right to left: ({{nastaliq|<big>ایمان ، اتحاد ، نظم و ضبط </big>}}) "Iman, Ittehad, Nazm o Zabt" translated as "Faith, Unity, Discipline" and are intended as the guiding principles for Pakistan.<ref name="basicfacts" /><br />
<br />
== List of other national symbols ==<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!Title<br />
!Symbol<br />
!Image<br />
!Notes<br />
|-<br />
|[[Father of the Nation]]<br />
(''Quaid-e-Azam'')<br />
|[[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]]<ref name="basicfacts" /><ref name="quaid">{{cite web|title=The Legend|url=http://www.quaid.gov.pk/legend.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070914181853/http://www.quaid.gov.pk/legend.htm <!--Added by H3llBot-->|archive-date=2007-09-14|access-date=2007-11-29|publisher=[[Government of Pakistan]]}}</ref><br />
|[[File:Jinnah1945c.jpg|frameless|294x294px]]<br />
|'''Muhammad Ali Jinnah''' (born '''Mahomedali Jinnahbhai'''; 25 December 1876 – 11 September 1948) was a barrister, politician and the founder of [[Pakistan]]. Jinnah served as the leader of the [[All-India Muslim League]] from 1913 until the inception of Pakistan on 14 August 1947, and then as the [[Dominion of Pakistan]]'s first [[Governor-General of Pakistan|Governor-General]] until his death. He is revered in Pakistan as the ''Quaid-i-Azam'' ("Great Leader") and ''Baba-i-Qaum'' ("[[Father of the Nation]]").<br />
<br />
As the first Governor-General of Pakistan, Jinnah worked to establish the new nation's government and policies, and to aid the millions of [[Muhajir (Urdu-speaking people)|Muslim migrants]] who had emigrated from neighbouring [[Dominion of India|India]] to Pakistan after the [[Partition of India|two states' independence]]<br />
|-<br />
|[[Mother of the Nation]] <br />
(''Madar-i-Millat'')<br />
|[[Fatima Jinnah|Fatimah Jinnah]]<ref name="madar">{{cite web|title=Celebration: A tribute to Madar-i-Millat|url=http://www.fatimajinnah.gov.pk/celebration.htm|access-date=2007-11-29|publisher=Government of Pakistan}}</ref><br />
|[[File:Fatima_jinnah1.jpg|center|frameless|298x298px]]<br />
|'''Fatima Jinnah''' widely known as Māder-e Millat ("Mother of the Nation"), was a Pakistani politician, dental surgeon, stateswoman, and one of the leading [[List of Pakistan Movement activists|founders]] of Pakistan. She was the younger sister of [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], the founder and the first [[Governor General of Pakistan]]. then-[[President of Pakistan]].<br />
<br />
Her legacy is associated with her support for [[civil rights]], her struggle in the [[Pakistan Movement]] and her devotion to her brother. Referred to as '''''Māder-e Millat''''' ("[[Mother of the Nation]]") and '''''Khātūn-e Pākistān''''' ("Lady of Pakistan"), many [[Fatima Jinnah (disambiguation)|institutions and public spaces]] in Pakistan have been named in her honour.<br />
|-<br />
|[[National poet]]<br />
|[[Muhammad Iqbal]]<ref name="basicfacts" /><br />
|[[File:Iqbal 2.jpg|frameless|298x298px]]<br />
|Sir '''Muhammad Iqbal''' was a [[South Asia]]n [[Muslim]] [[writer]], [[philosopher]], and [[politician]], whose poetry in the [[Urdu language]] is among the greatest of the twentieth century. Iqbal is widely commemorated in Pakistan, where he is regarded as the ideological founder of the state. His birthday is annually commemorated in Pakistan as [[Iqbal Day]], and until 2018 it was also a public holiday. <br />
|-<br />
|[[State religion]]<br />
|[[Islam in Pakistan|Islam]]<ref name="officialsymbols">{{citation|last=|first=|title=National Symbols of Pakistan|url=http://www.pakistan.gov.pk/national_symbols.html|volume=|pages=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128073024/http://www.pakistan.gov.pk/national_symbols.html|publisher=Official Gateway to the Government of Pakistan|access-date=28 July 2016|archive-date=28 November 2016}}</ref><br />
|[[File:Pakistan Star&Crescent.svg|frameless]]<br />
|'''Islam in Pakistan''' existed in communities along the Arab coastal trade routes in [[Sindh]] as soon as the religion originated and had gained early acceptance in the Arabian Peninsula. The connection between the Sind and [[Islam]] was established by the initial Muslim missions during the [[Rashidun Caliphate]]. The mosque is an important religious as well as social institution in Pakistan. Many rituals and ceremonies are celebrated according to [[Islamic calendar]]. <br />
[[Pakistan]] was created as a separate state for Indian Muslims in [[British Raj|British India]] in 1947, and followed the parliamentary form of democracy. In 1949, the first [[Constituent Assembly of Pakistan]] passed the [[Objectives Resolution]] which envisaged an official role for Islam as the state religion to make sure any future law should not violate its basic teachings. In 1956, the elected parliament formally adopted the name Islamic Republic of Pakistan, declaring Islam as the official religion.<br />
|-<br />
|[[National language]]<br />
(''[[lingua franca]]'')<br />
|[[Urdu]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Chapter 4: "General." of Part XII: "Miscellaneous"|url=http://www.pakistani.org/pakistan/constitution/part12.ch4.html|access-date=20 March 2020|website=The Constitution of Pakistan}}</ref><br />
|[[File:Urdu example.svg|frameless]]<br />
|'''Urdu''' is an [[Indo-Aryan language]] spoken chiefly in [[South Asia]]. It is the official [[Languages of Pakistan#National language: Urdu|national language]] and ''[[lingua franca]]'' of [[Pakistan]]. Urdu is the sole national, and one of the two official languages of Pakistan (along with [[English language|English]]). It is spoken and understood throughout the country. Its official status has meant that Urdu is understood and spoken widely throughout Pakistan as a second or third language. It is used in [[Education in Pakistan|education]], [[Pakistani literature|literature]], office and court business.<br />
|-<br />
|[[National flower]]<br />
|[[White jasmine|Common jasmine]]<ref name="officialsymbols" /><br />
|[[File:Pakistan-Jasmin.jpg|frameless|224x224px]]<br />
|In Pakistan, Jasmine is a very common plant and one can find it in any garden. Because of its attractive scent, the white jasmine symbolizes attachment and represents amiability and modesty; therefore, Jasmine was named the national flower of Pakistan.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The National Flower of Pakistan, JASMINE {{!}} .|url=http://pakculturalsociety.org.uk/node/50|access-date=2021-06-19|website=pakculturalsociety.org.uk}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[National tree]]<br />
|[[Cedrus deodara|Himalayan cedar]]<br />(''Deodar'')<ref name="officialsymbols" /><br />
|[[File:Kalam Valley (2).JPG|frameless|224x224px]]<br />
|Cedrus deodara is a species of cedar native to the [[western Himalaya]]n and the [[Hindu Kush]] ranges in northern Pakistan (especially in [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]]). It is considered to be the national tree of Pakistan.<br />
|-<br />
|[[National fruit]]<br />
|[[Mango]]<ref name="officialsymbols" /><br />
<br />
|[[File:Chaunsa.JPG|225x225px]]<br />
|Mango is highly cultivated in Pakistan (especially in the [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]] and [[Sindh]] provinces). Some of the most popular cities for their production include: [[Multan]], [[Bahawalpur]], [[Muzaffargarh]], [[Khanewal]], [[Sahiwal]], [[Sadiqabad, Punjab|Sadiqabad]], [[Vehari]], and [[Rahim Yar Khan]]. [[Mirpur Khas]], [[Hyderabad, Sindh|Hyderabad]] and [[Thatta]]. [[Dera Ismail Khan]], [[Peshawar]] and [[Mardan]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Here's Why Mangoes Grown in Pakistan Are Popular Across The World|url=https://www.zameen.com/blog/mangoes-in-pakistan.html|access-date=2021-06-19|website=[[Zameen.com]]|language=en-US}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|National vegetable<br />
|[[Okra|Lady Finger]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2016-12-08|title=National Symbols of Pakistan|url=http://www.pakistan.gov.pk/national_symbols_two.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161208205415/http://www.pakistan.gov.pk/national_symbols_two.html|archive-date=8 December 2016|access-date=28 July 2016|website=The Official Web Gateway to Pakistan}}</ref><br />
|[[File:Lady finger.JPG|frameless|225x225px]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[National animal]]<br />
|[[Markhor]]<ref>{{cite news|date=12 November 2018|title=Pakistan's national animal faces extinction|work=[[Daily Times (Pakistan)|Daily Times]] (newspaper)|url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/321015/pakistans-national-animal-markhor-faces-extinction/|access-date=21 July 2020}}</ref><br />
|[[File:Capra falconeri 1 - Syracuse Zoo.jpg|frameless|225x225px]]<br />
|The Markhor is the national animal of Pakistan. The Markhor is the largest of the goat family and is commonly found in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. The name Markhor translates to “snake eater” in [[Persian language|Persian]], for the Markhor holds great skill at killing snakes in the wild to protect its harem. Despite their large size, Markhors are extremely skilled climbers. Conservation efforts from wildlife NGOs like Save Our Species and WCS Pakistan were then put into action. Thanks to these initiatives, the majestic mammal gradually began to rebound.<br />
|-<br />
|[[National mammal|National aquatic marine mammal]]<br />
|[[Indus river dolphin]]<ref name="officialsymbols" /><br />
|[[File:Schnabeldelphin-drawing.jpg|frameless|225x225px]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[List of national animals|National predator]]<br />
|[[Snow leopard]]<ref name="officialsymbols" /><br />
|[[File:Snow Leopard In Naltar Gilgit.jpg|frameless|225x225px]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[List of national birds|National bird]]<br />
|[[Chukar partridge]]<ref name="officialsymbols" /><br />
|[[File:Chukarhuhn Weltvogelpark Walsrode 2010.jpg|frameless|225x225px]]<br />
|The national bird of Pakistan is Chukar partridge. They are commonly known as Chakor and it is a [[Eurasia]]n upland game bird in the pheasant family [[Phasianidae]]. The chukar sometimes symbolizes intense, and often unrequited, love. It is said to be in love with the moon and to gaze at it constantly. Because of their pugnacious behaviour during the breeding season they are kept in some areas as fighting birds. In short, Chukar partridge have a huge reason to be the National bird symbol of Pakistan.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ago|first=Bapinin #travel • 4 Years|date=2017-10-28|title=Some facts about National Bird of Pakistan?|url=https://steemit.com/travel/@bapin/some-facts-about-national-bird-of-pakistan|access-date=2021-06-19|website=[[Steemit]]|language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[State bird]]<br />
|[[Shaheen falcon]]<ref name="officialsymbols" /><br />
|[[File:Peregrine Falcon (33915225262).jpg|frameless|225x225px]]<br />
|The Peregrine falcon is actually a symbolic icon of the [[Pakistan Air Force|Pakistani Air Force]] and is considered by many to be the state bird.<ref>{{Cite web|title=WORLD OF BIRDS|url=http://www.pmnh.gov.pk/htm/bird.htm|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-19|website=[[Pakistan Museum of Natural History]]}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[List of fish in Pakistan|National fish]]<br />
|[[Mahseer]]<br />''([[Tor putitora|Himalayan golden mahseer]])''<ref>{{Cite web|title=SUCCESSFUL BREEDING OF MAHSEER|url=https://fisheries.kp.gov.pk/page/successful_breeding_of_mahseer#:~:text=Mahseer%20fish%20are%20found%20in,the%20national%20fish%20of%20Pakistan.|url-status=live|access-date=16 October 2021|website=Directorate of Fisheries ([[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Department of Agriculture]])}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=The Pull of the Himalayan Golden Mahseer|url=https://www.thefridaytimes.com/2021/05/14/the-pull-of-the-himalayan-golden-mahseer|access-date=28 April 2022|work=[[The Friday Times]] (newspaper)|date=14 May 2021|quote=...close at hand, and about a decade ago, it was named the national fish of Pakistan...}}</ref><br />
|[[File:Tor tambroid 160811-61602 ffi.JPG|frameless|224x224px]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[List of national animals|National reptile]]<br />
|[[Indus Crocodile]]<ref name="officialsymbols" /><br />
|[[File:PK Kirthar NP asv2020-02 img25.jpg|frameless|224x224px]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[National sport]]<br />
|[[Field hockey]]<ref name="tourism">{{cite web|title=National Symbols|url=http://www.pakistantourism.gov.pk/home.aspx?Sch=47|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070629014423/http://www.pakistantourism.gov.pk/home.aspx?Sch=47|archive-date=29 June 2007|access-date=2007-11-29|publisher=Ministry of Tourism, Government of Pakistan}}</ref><br />
|[[File:HOCKEY ARGENTINA PAKISTAN.jpg|frameless|224x224px]]<br />
|Field [[Ayub Khan (general)|Martial Ayub Khan's]] arrival in 1958 proved to be not only one of the most significant determining factors behind declaring '''hockey''' as this new '''nation's national sport''' but also brought in a new wave of enthusiasm for the '''sport''' as he emphasized on it more than football or cricket.<ref>{{Cite web|title=» What is the National Sport of Pakistan?|url=https://atlascorps.org/what-is-the-national-sport-of-pakistan/#:~:text=Field%20Martial%20Ayub%20Khan%27s%20arrival,more%20than%20football%20or%20cricket.|access-date=2021-06-19|website=atlascorps.org}}</ref> <br />
|-<br />
|[[National mosque]]<br />
|[[Faisal Mosque]]<ref name="mosque1">{{cite web|author=Len McGrane|date=January–February 1992|title=A Mosque in Islamabad|url=http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/199201/a.mosque.in.islamabad.htm|access-date=2007-11-29|work=Saudi Aramco World magazine|publisher=Aramco Services Company}}</ref><ref name="mosque2">{{cite journal|author=Neelam Naz|date=September 13, 2005|title=Contribution of Turkish architects to the national architecture of Pakistan: Vedat Dalokay|url=http://jfa.arch.metu.edu.tr/archive/0258-5316/2005/cilt22/sayi_2/51-77.pdf|journal=Journal of the Faculty of Architecture|location=Ankara, Turkey|publisher=Middle East Technical University|volume=22|issue=2|pages=56–64|access-date=2007-11-29}}</ref><br />
|[[File:Faisal Mosque islamabad 07.jpg|frameless|225x225px]]<br />
|The Faisal Mosque was conceived as the National Mosque of Pakistan and named after the late [[Faisal of Saudi Arabia|King Faisal bin Abdul-Aziz]] of [[Saudi Arabia]], who supported and financed the project. It was completed in 1986.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Faisal Mosque, Islamabad|url=https://www.pakistanembassytokyo.com/content/faisal-mosque-islamabad#:~:text=The%20Faisal%20Mosque%20was%20conceived,supported%20and%20financed%20the%20project.|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-19|website=[[List of diplomatic missions in Pakistan#Embassies/High Commissions|Embassy of Islamic Republic of Pakistan Tokyo (Japan)]]}}</ref> The largest mosque in Pakistan, the Faisal Mosque was the largest mosque in the world from 1986 until 1993.<br />
|-<br />
|[[National monument|National tower]]<br />
|[[Minar-e-Pakistan]] <br/> (''[[Minaret]] of Pakistan'')<ref name="nationalsymbol">{{cite web|title=National Symbols of Pakistan|url=http://www.nationalheritage.gov.pk/nationalsymbols.html|access-date=2013-08-23|publisher=Government of Pakistan|archive-date=27 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130827084404/http://nationalheritage.gov.pk/nationalsymbols.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> <br />
|[[File:Minar-e-Pakistan-lhr.jpg|frameless|225x225px]]<br />
|This tower marks [[Lahore Resolution|Pakistan’s resolution]] (Lahore Resolution) that marked the first step in the history of creation of Pakistan. Its construction began in 1960, and finished in 8 years to be completed in October 1968. This national monument draws its three steps symptomatic of the three stages of the challenges and successes in the independence of Pakistan. The floral inscriptions at the base of this Minar shows the text of the Pakistan Resolution that solidified Iqbal’s dreams and Jinnah’s struggle.<br />
|-<br />
|[[National monument]]<br />
|[[Pakistan Monument]]<ref name="nm1">{{cite web|date=March 22, 2007|title=President Musharraf will inaugurate National Monument on 23rd|url=http://www.pakistan.gov.pk/ministries/ContentInfo.jsp?MinID=29&cPath=499_586&ContentID=3176|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116204043/http://www.pakistan.gov.pk/ministries/ContentInfo.jsp?MinID=29&cPath=499_586&ContentID=3176|archive-date=November 16, 2007|access-date=2007-11-29|publisher=Government of Pakistan}}</ref><ref name="nm2">{{cite news|author=Imran Naeem Ahmad|date=March 30, 2007|title=National Monument — a symbol of unity|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2007/03/30/story_30-3-2007_pg11_2|access-date=2007-11-29|publisher=[[Daily Times (Pakistan)|Daily Times]]}}</ref><br />
|[[File:Pakistan monuments.jpg|frameless|225x225px]]<br />
|This national monument, consisting of four large petals and three small petals, is symbolic of the four provinces ([[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], [[Sindh]], [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa|Khyber Pakhtunkwa]], [[Balochistan, Pakistan|Balochistan]]) and [[Azad Kashmir|AJK]], [[Gilgit-Baltistan]], and [[Federally Administered Tribal Areas|FATA]]. The blossoming flower as a whole is also a bode and prayer to a progressing Pakistan. The inner walls of these granite petals are decorated with murals, that are primarily based on Islamic art. This monument is a symbol and reminder of the history and heritage of Pakistan, the sacrifices that went into its creation, and the culture that makes it Pakistan.<ref name="national monument">{{Cite news|title=A brief history of the national monuments of Pakistan|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/206941-a-brief-history-of-the-national-monuments-of-pakistan|access-date=2021-06-19|date=2018-08-13|work=[[Geo News]]|language=en}}</ref><br />
|-<br />
|[[National day]]s<br />
|[[Pakistan Day]]<ref>{{Cite news|title=Nation celebrates Pakistan Day with simplicity amid coronavirus threat|url=https://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/537870-Nation-celebrates-Pakistan-Day-with-simplicity-amid-coronavirus-threat|date=2020-03-23|access-date=2020-12-30|work=[[Dunya News]]}}</ref> <br/> [[Independence Day (Pakistan)|Independence Day]]<ref name="struggle" /><br />
|[[File:ZTBL Headquarters illuminated for Pakistan Independence day.jpg|frameless|225x225px]]<br />
|'''Pakistan Day''' or '''Pakistan Resolution Day''', also '''Republic Day''', is a [[Public holidays in Pakistan|national holiday]] in [[Pakistan]] commemorating the [[Lahore Resolution]] passed on 23 March 1940 and the adoption of the first [[constitution of Pakistan]]. <br />
'''Independence Day''' is observed annually on 14 August, is a [[National days in Pakistan|national holiday]] in [[Pakistan]]. It commemorates the day when Pakistan achieved independence and was declared a [[sovereign]] state following the end of the [[British Raj]] in 1947.<br />
|-<br />
|[[National dress|National clothing]]<br />
|[[Shalwar kameez]]<ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-05-31|title=Other occasions when Pakistanis wore their national dress abroad and no one died|url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1182904|access-date=2020-07-11|work=[[Dawn Media Group#Structure|Images]] by [[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]|language=en}}</ref><br />
|[[File:Schoolgirls in Shalwar Kameez, Abbotabad Pakistan - UK International Development.jpg|frameless|224x224px]]<br />
|Shalwar kameez is the national clothing of Pakistan worm by both men and women. The clothing is worn in all provinces of Pakistan. Every province may have its own special intricate pattern or design that may be available as well.<br />
|-<br />
|[[List of mountains in Pakistan|National mountain]]<br />
|[[K2]]<ref name="officialsymbols" /><br />
|[[File:K2, Mount Godwin Austen, Chogori, Savage Mountain.jpg|frameless|225x225px]]<br />
|K2 Also known as Mount Godwin-Austen or Chhogori Consider As The '''National Mountain of Pakistan'''. It is the Second Highest '''Mountain''' in the World and the highest in Pakistan. It's located on the Pak-China border in the Pakistani administrated region of [[Gilgit-Baltistan|Gilgit Baltistan]].<br />
|-<br />
|[[National Mausoleum|National mausoleum]]<br />
|[[Mazar-e-Quaid]]<ref name="national monument"/><br />
|[[File:Mazar Quaid-e-Azam.jpg|frameless|225x225px]]<br />
|Mazar-e-Quaid, also known as Jinnah '''Mausoleum''' or the '''National Mausoleum''', is the final resting place of Quaid-e-Azam ("Great Leader") Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of '''Pakistan'''.<br />
|-<br />
|[[Flag carrier|National airline]]<br />
|[[Pakistan International Airlines|PIA]]<ref>{{Cite news|last=Reuters|date=2020-06-27|title=Pakistan's national airline reassures over 'dubious' pilot licences|language=en-GB|work=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/27/pakistan-international-airlines-national-airline-reassures-pilot-licences|access-date=2020-12-30|issn=0261-3077}}</ref><br />
|[[File:PIA Pakistan International Airlines Airbus A310-308 AP-BEG Lined Up for take off (8141606672).jpg|frameless|225x225px]]<br />
|PIA is the national airline of Pakistan operating in all provinces of Pakistan along with Gilgit Baltistan and Azad Kashmir.<br />
|-<br />
|[[List of national drinks|National drink]]<br />
|[[Sugarcane juice]]<ref>{{Cite news|date=2019-01-25|title=Govt declares sugarcane juice as 'national drink' of Pakistan|url=https://nation.com.pk/25-Jan-2019/government-declares-sugarcane-juice-as-national-drink-of-pakistan|access-date=2020-12-30|work=[[The Nation (Pakistan)|The Nation]]|language=en}}</ref> <br />
|[[File:Glass of sugarcane juice.jpg|frameless|298x298px]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[National instrument (music)|National instrument]]<br />
|[[Daf]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ahmed |first=Shaheen |date=August 31, 2021 |title=THE MAGICAL INSTRUMENT |work=The Victor Magazine |url=https://www.victormagazine.net/the-magical-instrument/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mirza |first=Afshan |year=2021 |title=National Musical Instrument of Pakistan and Provincial instruments |url=https://popularinpakistan.com/national-musical-instrument-of-pakistan/#more-92 |website=Popular in Pakistan|quote=Daf is commonly known as the national instrument of Pakistan.}}</ref><br />
|[[File:Pair of dafs.jpg|frameless|224x224px]]<br />
|Daf is commonly known as the national instrument of Pakistan.<br />
|-<br />
|[[National currency]]<br />
|[[Pakistani rupee|Pakistani Rupee]] ''(PKR)'' <ref name=":0" /> <br />
|[[File:Pakistani Rupee.jpg|frameless|224x224px]]<br />
|The '''Pakistani rupee''' has been the official [[currency]] of Pakistan since 1948. The coins and notes are issued and controlled by the [[central bank]], namely [[State Bank of Pakistan]].<br />
|-<br />
|[[List of rivers of Pakistan|National river]]<br />
|[[Indus River]]<ref name=":0" /><br />
|[[File:Indus River in Pakistan (28).jpg|frameless|224x224px]]<br />
|Indus River is the national river of Pakistan. Indus River is the largest river in Pakistan. The river has two principle tributaries in Pakistan, the [[Kabul river]], and the [[Panjnad River|Panjnad river]]—which in turn is formed by successive confluences of the five [[Punjab]] rivers, of which four: [[Jhelum River|Jhelum]], [[Chenab River|Chenab]], [[Ravi River|Ravi]], and [[Sutlej]] flow through Pakistan.<br />
|-<br />
|[[National dish]]es<br />
|[[Biryani]]/[[Nihari]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|date=2015-09-23|title=What is Pakistan’s national dish? Hint: It’s not daal roti!|url=http://tribune.com.pk/article/29568/what-is-pakistans-national-dish-hint-its-not-daal-roti|url-status=live|access-date=2021-10-16|work=[[The Express Tribune]] (newspaper)|language=en}}</ref><br />
|[[File:Karachi Beef Biryani.jpg|frameless|224x224px]]<br>[[File:Nalli Nihari.JPG|frameless|224x224px]]<br />
|Both Biryani and Nihari are equally considered to be the national dishes of Pakistan respectively; although, they are yet to be verified.<ref name=":1" /><br />
|-<br />
|[[List of Pakistani sweets and desserts|National confectionary]]<br />
|[[Gulab Jamun]]<ref>{{Cite news|title=Gulab jamun: National sweet of Pakistan?|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/pakistan/gulab-jamun-national-sweet-of-pakistan-1.61208394|date=2 January 2019|work=[[Gulf News]]}}</ref><br />
|[[File:Gulab Jaman.JPG|frameless|224x224px]]<br />
|Gulab jamun (also spelled gulaab jamun) is a milk-solid-based sweet and a type of mithai.It is made mainly from milk solids, traditionally from [[khoya]], which is milk reduced to the consistency of a soft dough. <br />
|-<br />
|[[National colours]]<br />
|[[Green]] and [[white]]<ref name=":0" /><br />
|[[File:Colours of Pakistan.png|frameless|224x224px]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[National coat of arms]]<br />
|[[State emblem of Pakistan|Coat of Arms of Pakistan]]<ref name=":0" /><br />
|[[File:Arms of Pakistan.svg|frameless|260x260px]]<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
|[[National archives]]<br />
|[[National Archives of Pakistan]]<ref name=":0" /><br />
|<br />
|The National Archives of Pakistan is a body established by the Government of Pakistan for the purpose of preserving and making available public and private records which have bearings on the history, culture and heritage of Pakistan.<br />
|-<br />
|[[National library]]<br />
|[[National Library of Pakistan]]<ref name=":0" /><br />
|[[File:National library of pakistan.jpg|frameless|224x224px]]<br />
|The National Library of Pakistan is the national and the research library located in the vicinity of the [[Islamabad]].<br />
|-<br />
|[[National museum]]<br />
|[[National Museum of Pakistan]]<br />
|[[File:National Museum of Pakistan, Karachi.jpg|frameless|224x224px]]<br />
|The National Museum of Pakistan is the national collection of history located in the vicinity of the [[Islamabad]].<br />
|-<br />
|[[National cinema]]<br />
|[[Cinema of Pakistan]]<ref>{{Cite news|date=12 October 2021|title=Pakistani Cinema, Turks And The Absence Of Policy|work=[[The Friday Times]] (newspaper)|url=https://www.thefridaytimes.com/pakistani-cinema-turks-and-the-absence-of-policy/|access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref><br />''([[Lollywood]])''<br />
|[[File:Pakistanfilm.png|center|frameless|128x128px]]<br />
|The Cinema of Pakistan refers to the [[Film industry|filmmaking industry]] in [[Pakistan]]. Pakistan is home to several film studios centres, primarily located in its two largest cities - [[Karachi]] and [[Lahore]]. Pakistani cinema has played an important part in [[Pakistani culture]] and in recent years has begun flourishing again after years of decline, delivering entertainment to audiences in [[Pakistan]] and [[Overseas Pakistanis|expatriates]] abroad.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060127012942/http://www.pakistan.gov.pk/ The Government of Pakistan]<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050720001200/http://www.infopak.gov.pk/ Ministry of Information and Broadcasting]<br />
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071201142004/http://www.culture.gov.pk/ Ministry of Culture, Sports and Youth Affairs]<br />
* [http://nationalheritage.gov.pk/ Ministry of National Heritage and Integration]<br />
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{{National symbols of Pakistan}}<br />
{{Asia topic|National symbols of}}<br />
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{{Good article}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:National Symbols Of Pakistan}}<br />
[[Category:National symbols of Pakistan| ]]<br />
[[Category:Pakistani culture]]<br />
[[Category:Lists of national symbols|Pakistan]]</div>2607:FEA8:1260:E100:24C3:AD80:5103:1252