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<div>{{short description|Historic region in north India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2017}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2017}}<br />
[[File:Map of the Puadh region.png|alt=Puadh consists of the eastern districts of Punjab, the north-western portions of Haryana and the south-eastern strip of Himachal Pradesh.|thumb|260x260px|This map shows the region of north India that falls under Puadh.]]<br />
[[File:Ghaggar river chandigarh.jpg|thumb|Ghaggar river Chandigarh. The Ghaggar river flows through the Puadh region]]<br />
[[File:The Punjab ("Five Rivers"); a physical map from "Companion Atlas to the Gazeteer of The World.jpeg|thumb|The Punjab ("Five Rivers" and Ghaggar river); a physical map from "Companion Atlas to the Gazeteer of The World]]<br />
'''Puadh''' ([[International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration|IAST]]: [puādha], sometimes anglicized as '''Poadh''' or '''Powadh''') is a historic region in north India that comprises parts of present-day [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], [[Haryana]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[Himachal Pradesh]] and the [[Union territory|U.T.]] of [[Chandigarh]], [[India]]. It has the [[Sutlej|Sutlej river]] in its north and covers the regions immediately south of the [[Ghaggar-Hakra River|Ghaggar river]]. The people of the area are known as Puadhi and speak the [[Puadhi dialect]] of Punjabi.<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
The word Puadh is a conjugation of two words of the language: ''pūrava'' meaning eastern and ''āddha'' meaning half.<ref>The Tribune (05.11.2006) PUNJABI REVIEW Of Puadh and Pablo Neruda Surinder Singh Tej Puadh Darpan Edited by Manmohan Singh Daon Punjabi Sath-Panj Nad Parkashan, Lambra (Jalandhar) [http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20061105/spectrum/book9.htm]</ref> The term refers to the eastern half of the [[Punjab]] region.<br />
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==Extent==<br />
[[File:Sarasvati river.jpg|thumb|Puadh lies between Satluj and Ghaggar-Hakra rivers]]<br />
Puadh generally lies between the [[Sutlej]] and [[Ghaggar-Hakra River|Ghaggar-Hakra]] rivers and south, south-east and east of [[Rupnagar district]] adjacent to [[Ambala district]] (in Haryana).<ref>{{cite news|title=Powadh or Puadh or Powadha is a region of Punjab and parts of Haryana between the Satluj and Ghaggar rivers. The part lying south, south-east and east of Rupnagar adjacent to Ambala District (Haryana) is Powadhi.|url=http://www.thenewstribe.com/2012/01/16/major-punjabi-dialects/}}</ref><br />
<br />
===Punjab===<br />
In [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]]:<br />
<br />
* Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar District: [[Kurali]], [[Mohali]], [[Kharar, Mohali|Kharar]];<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vcgtAQAAIAAJ&q=poadh&dq=poadh&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj87fX0tYDcAhULb1AKHUu2CXIQ6AEIMzAC Farmers of India, Volume 1. Indian Council of Agricultural Research]</ref> <br />
* Rupnagar district; [[Ropar]]; and [[Chamkaur Sahib]];Morinda<br />
* Fategarh Sahib district: [[Amloh]], [m<ref>Transactions of the Institute of Indian Geographers, Volume 19 (1997) Department of Geography, University of Poona [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=B4NKAQAAIAAJ&dq=morinda+puadh&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=morinda]</ref> and [[Sirhind]];<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Gug2AQAAMAAJ&q=sirhind+powadh&dq=sirhind+powadh&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwic9MuP8pTcAhXBsaQKHeplCMsQ6AEISDAH Punjab District Gazetteers, Part 1 (1919)]</ref><br />
* Ludhiana district: [[Payal, India|Pail]]<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HApDAAAAYAAJ&q=payal+powadh&dq=payal+powadh&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjLsNq054DcAhXlIcAKHeuNAAsQ6AEIJzAA Proceedings, Volume 23. (1990) Punjabi University]</ref> [[Doraha, Ludhiana|Doraha]], {{refn|group=note|(which were transferred from the then Sirhind tehsil of Patiala district to Ludhiana in 1963 with Doraha then part of Payal sub-tehsil)<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=WTFuAAAAMAAJ&q=doraha++payal+transfer&dq=doraha++payal+transfer&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwidxKeWmYHcAhVMDewKHSdMDQMQ6AEIPDAE Punjab district gazetteers, Volume 1 (1970)]</ref>}} and [[Samrala]]; <br />
* Patiala district: [[Rajpura]] and western part of Patiala district<ref>Sukhawindara Siṅgha Saṅghā , (2006) Indian Institute of Language Studies Panjabi Phonology: A Sociolinguistic Study [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=OqxjAAAAMAAJ&dq=patiala+dialect+spoken&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=patiala+]</ref> including [[Patiala]] city.<ref>Banarsi Das Jain (1934) A Phonology of Panjābī: As Spoken about Ludhiana, and A Ludhiānī Phonetic Reader. University of Punjab [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=f68NAAAAIAAJ&q=powadhi&dq=powadhi&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjGpKKNsJLcAhXJ16QKHa6eBGs4WhDoAQhBMAY]</ref><br />
* Sangrur district: Malerkotla and other eastern parts of sangrur.<ref>Census of India, 1981: District census handbook. A & B, Village & town directory ; Village & townwise primary census abstract [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=xaU0VXzvoOgC&dq=powadh+sirhind+canal&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=powadh]</ref><br />
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===Haryana===<br />
In Haryana, [[Pinjore]],<ref>Gajrana, S. (1994) Peasants, landlords, and princes, 1920-56, Volume 1. Rima Pub. House,[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=3HpuAAAAMAAJ&q=pinjore++powadh&dq=pinjore++powadh&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjsxYbUpZDcAhXNFsAKHbhqChgQ6AEIKzAB]</ref> [[Panchkula]], [[Naraingarh]], [[Kalka]], [[Ambala]],Karnal and Yamunanagar districts fall within Puadh. Other areas include Jagadhri, Kalesar, [[Pehowa]] and Gulha teshil<ref>Singh, Jasbir (1976) An Agricultural Geography of Haryana. Vishal publications [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=sGzoAAAAMAAJ&q=haryana++powadh&dq=haryana++powadh&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjCquuh04_cAhUCWsAKHY1VDXAQ6AEIQDAF]</ref> of [[Kaithal]] district .<br />
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===Uttar Pradesh===<br />
In the state of Uttar Pradesh it is spoken mainly in the Northern districts which border North Haryana districts and South Himachal Pradesh district. The districts where it is spoken are-<br />
* Badshahibagh<br />
* Behat<br />
* Saharanpur <br />
* Gangoh<br />
* Deoband<br />
<br />
===Himachal Pradesh===<br />
[[Nalagarh]],<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=CDZWAAAAYAAJ&q=powadhi&dq=powadhi&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjW5Z3Bh4jcAhXKCcAKHb8nAX84KBDoAQgtMAE Link, Volume 8, Issues 1-25. United India Periodicals, 1965]</ref> [[Baddi]], Mahlog<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=IwYdAQAAMAAJ&q=mahlog+himachal+powadhi&dq=mahlog+himachal+powadhi&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjJ2t7IiojcAhXNCewKHfXSAV8Q6AEIJzAA Census of India, 1961: Himachal Pradesh]</ref> (Solan district)<ref>Minakshi Chaudhry (2007)Destination Himachal: Over 132 Offbeat and 12 Popular Getaways. Rupa and Co. [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=3VhuAAAAMAAJ&dq=mahlog+state+solan&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=mahlog+]</ref> and [[Kala Amb]]<ref>Spectrum (05.11.2006( PUNJABI REVIEW Of Puadh and Pablo Neruda Surinder Singh Tej [http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20061105/spectrum/book9.htm]</ref> (Sirmaur district) in [[Himachal Pradesh]] lies in the east of Puadh, which separates the states of [[Himachal Pradesh]] and [[Haryana]].<br />
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===Chandigarh===<br />
[[Chandigarh]] falls within the Puadh region.<ref>[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=nyUbAAAAIAAJ&q=chandigarh++Patiala+powadh&dq=chandigarh++Patiala+powadh&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjF3IXUqZncAhVCC-wKHbHqCyQQ6AEILTAB Pakha Sanjam, Volume 14 (1981) Punjabi University]</ref><br />
<br />
==Gallery==<br />
<gallery><br />
File:Sarai Lashkari.jpg|Sarai Lashkari (Doraha)<br />
File:Guru Gobind Singh Bhawan.jpg|Guru Gobind Singh Bhawan. Punjabi University, Patiala<br />
File:Statues made of waste Bangles at Rock Garden, Chandigarh.jpg|Statues made of waste Bangles at Rock Garden, Chandigarh<br />
File:Morni Hills and Tikkar Taal, Haryana, India - 5.jpeg|Morni Hills and Tikkar Taal, Haryana<br />
File:Thaan, worship tradition for elder son in Punjab.jpg|Thaan (shrine) in Dera village Bakarpur, Mohali<br />
File:Stupa Base.JPG|Stupa Base, Sanghol (Fategarh Sahib district)<br />
File:Ruins of Indus Valley Civilization, Punjab.jpg|Ruins of Indus Valley Civilization, Punjab (Rupnagar)<br />
File:Tomb of Shagird village Talania Sirhind 05.jpg|Tomb of Shagird village Talania Sirhind <br />
File:Fatehgarh Sahib Gurdwara, Punjab, India.jpg|Fatehgarh Sahib Gurdwara, Punjab, India<br />
File:SD College, Ambala.jpg|SD College, Ambala<br />
File:Pehowa, Arunai - 5.jpeg|Mandir in Pehowa, Haryana<br />
File:Kalka–Shimla Railway.jpg|Kalka–Shimla Railway<br />
File:NsmkInstMlk.jpg|NSMK Institute of Advanced Studies, Malerkotla<br />
View of city from the Palace Nalagarh Princely State,India.jpg|View of city from the Palace Nalagarh Princely State<br />
</gallery><br />
<br />
==Culture==<br />
[[File:Shrine of Bhagat Aasa Ram Baidwan , the popular folk artist of Puadhi Akhada tradition of Punjab , village Sohana , district S.A.S Nagar ,Punjab India.JPG|thumb|left|Shrine of Bhagat Aasa Ram Baidwan, the popular folk artist of Puadhi Akhada tradition of Punjab, village Sohana, district S.A.S Nagar, Punjab India]]<br />
[[File:Rabbi Singh Beronpuri Folk Singer of Puadh sub cultural region of Punjab , India.JPG|thumb|Rabbi Singh Beronpuri Folk Singer of Puadh sub cultural region of Punjab , India]]<br />
Puadh is often wrongly included in [[Malwa]] by the media.<ref>{{cite news|title=Major Punjabi Dialects|url=http://www.thenewstribe.com/2012/01/16/major-punjabi-dialects/}}</ref> The region had its own poets even at [[Akbar]]'s court such as Mai Banno of Banur. More recent poets include Bhagat Asa Ram Baidwan of [[Sohana]]. The Dhadd Sarangi and Kavishri singing originated in Puadh and also different types of [[Akhara]]s such as that of Rabbi Bhaironpuri. Puadh consists only a small quantity of Punjab. The [[Majha]], [[Malwa]], and [[Doaba]] make up majority of the Punjab.<br />
{{clear}}<br />
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=={{anchor|Powadhi dialect}}Puadhi language==<br />
{{main|Puadhi language}}<br />
[[File:Dialects Of Punjabi.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Map of [[Punjabi language|Punjabi dialects]] in [[Punjab region]]]]<br />
The dialect of the [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] language spoken in Puadh is called [[Puadhi language|Puadhi]]. It is spoken by the people of Chandigarh, Baltana, Zirakpur, Rajpura, Ghanaur, and Devigarh region of Patiala district, Banur region, villages of Mohali, and some region of Ropar district in Punjab, whereas in Haryana in villages of Ambala and Panchkula district people speak this language. Also, the region of Ismailabad and [[Shahabad_Markanda|Shahbad]] of [[Kurukshetra]] speak this language, also a tehsil of Sadhaura of [[Yamunanagar]] district.<br />
{{clear}}<br />
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== See also ==<br />
*[[Pwadhi dialect|Puadhi dialect]]<br />
*[[Doaba]]<br />
*[[Malwa, Punjab|Malwa]]<br />
*[[Majha]]<br />
<br />
==Notes==<br />
{{reflist|group=note}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
{{Punjab, India}}<br />
{{PunjabGeography}}<br />
{{GeoSouthAsia}}<br />
<br />
{{coord missing|Punjab (India)}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Regions of Punjab, India]]<br />
[[Category:Plains of India]]<br />
[[Category:Landforms of Punjab, India]]</div>2607:9880:3027:FFFD:746E:5EB2:DB3F:CD45