List of countries by thorium resources

2021-10-24T22:19:42Z

2601:242:C001:2A20:DC1B:4870:EEE1:C945: adding the reference to the report.

'''Thorium resources''' are a potential source for low-carbon energy.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-09-16|title=Role of Thorium to Supplement Fuel Cycles of Future Nuclear Energy Systems|url=https://www.iaea.org/publications/8703/role-of-thorium-to-supplement-fuel-cycles-of-future-nuclear-energy-systems|access-date=2020-08-22|website=www.iaea.org|language=en}}</ref> [[Thorium]] has been demonstrated to perform as a nuclear fuel in several reactor designs.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-02-28|title=Thorium Fuel Cycle - Potential Benefits and Challenges|url=https://www.iaea.org/publications/7192/thorium-fuel-cycle-potential-benefits-and-challenges|access-date=2020-08-22|website=www.iaea.org|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Introduction of Thorium in the Nuclear Fuel Cycle {{!}} en {{!}} OECD|url=https://www.oecd.org/publications/introduction-of-thorium-in-the-nuclear-fuel-cycle-9789264241732-en.htm|access-date=2020-08-22|website=www.oecd.org}}</ref> It is present with a higher abundance than uranium in the [[Crust (geology)|crust]] of the [[earth]]. Thorium resources have not been estimated and assessed with a higher level of confidence, as in the case of [[uranium]]. Approximately 6 million tones of thorium have been estimated globally based on currently limited exploration and mainly on historical data.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-25|title=World Thorium Occurrences, Deposits and Resources|url=https://www.iaea.org/publications/13550/world-thorium-occurrences-deposits-and-resources|access-date=2020-08-20|website=www.iaea.org|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Thorium - World Nuclear Association|url=https://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/current-and-future-generation/thorium.aspx|access-date=2020-08-23|website=www.world-nuclear.org}}</ref>

Thorium resources are found widely in over 35 countries all over the world. As there is currently negligible commercial use of thorium, the resources should be considered potentially viable according to the [[United Nations Framework Classification for Resources]]. Figures are given in metric [[tonnes]] of thorium metal.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"
|+
!Country
!Total thorium resources, <br>tonnes Th (rounded)
!Remarks
|-
|{{flag|Angola}}
|10,000
|Historical data
|-
|{{flag|Argentina}}
|35,975
|Recent reassessment<ref>{{Cite book|last=UNECE|url=https://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/energy/images/UNFC_Reserv/publications/1919051_E_ECE_ENERGY_109_WEB.pdf|title=Application of the United Nations Framework Classification for Resources: Case Studies|publisher=UNECE|year=2019|isbn=978-92-1-117221-8|location=Geneva|pages=2-16}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Australia}}
|595,000
|
|-
|{{flag|Brazil}}
|632,000
|
|-
|{{flag|Canada}}
|172,000
|
|-
|{{flag|China}}
|300,000<ref>https://www.163.com/dy/article/G7UGDJAU0514E30D.html</ref><ref>https://www.cir.cn/1/52/TuKuangHangYeQuShiFenXi.html</ref><ref>http://www.cbcie.com/14666/0/list.html</ref>
|The latest update on China's number as of 4/20/2021 according to "2021-2026年中国钍矿风险投资行业分析报告", "2021-2026 China's thorium deposit investment risk and profit deep analysis report"<ref>https://www.cir.cn/1/52/TuKuangHangYeQuShiFenXi.html</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Congo, Democratic Republic of}}
|2,500
|
|-
|{{flag|Egypt}}
|380,000
|Historical data
|-
|{{flag|Finland}}
|60,000
|Historical data
|-
|{{flag|France}}
|1,000
|
|-
|{{flag|Greenland}} (Denmark)
|93,000
|Current active exploration
|-
|{{flag|India}}
|980,000
|Current active exploration<ref>{{Cite web|last=Lok Sabha, India|date=2019|title=Thorium reserves|url=https://www.beachminerals.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Aug-2018-Parliament-Question-on-Thorium-Reserves.pdf}}</ref>
|-
|{{flag|Iran}}
|30,000
|Historical data
|-
|{{flag|Kazakhstan}}
|50,000
|
|-
|{{flag|Kenya}}
|8,000
|Historical data
|-
|{{flag|Korea, Republic of}}
|6,000
|
|-
|{{flag|Madagascar}}
|22,000
|Historical data
|-
|{{flag|Malawi}}
|9,000
|Historical data
|-
|{{flag|Malaysia}}
|18,000
|
|-
|{{flag|Morocco}}
|30,000
|Historical data
|-
|{{flag|Mozambique}}
|10,000
|
|-
|{{flag|Nigeria}}
|29,000
|
|-
|{{flag|Norway}}
|87,000
|Historical data
|-
|{{flag|Peru}}
|20,000
|
|-
|{{flag|Russia}}
|155,000
|
|-
|{{flag|South Africa}}
|148,000
|
|-
|{{flag|Sri Lanka}}
|4,000
|
|-
|{{flag|Sweden}}
|50,000
|Historical data
|-
|{{flag|Taiwan}}
|10,000
|
|-
|{{flag|Thailand}}
|10,000
|Historical data
|-
|{{flag|Turkey}}
|374,000
|Historical data
|-
|{{flag|United States of America}}
|595,000
|
|-
|{{flag|Uruguay}}
|3,000
|Historical data
|-
|{{flag|Uzbekistan}}
|10,000
|
|-
|{{flag|Venezuela}}
|300,000
|Historical data
|-
|{{flag|Vietnam}}
|10,000
|
|-
|Others (Africa)
|1,000
|Historical data
|-
|Others (CIS) (excluding Russia,<br>Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan)
|1,340,000
|
|-
!'''Total'''
!'''6,390,475'''
!
|}
==See also==
*[[Thorium]]
*[[Occurrence of thorium]]
*[[List of countries by uranium reserves]]
*[[Thorium fuel cycle]]
*[[Thorium-based nuclear power]]
*[[Thorium Energy Alliance]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Energy country lists|state=expanded}}

[[Category:Nuclear fuels]]
[[Category:Nuclear technology]]
[[Category:Thorium]]

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List of countries by thorium resources