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Purvi

2021-07-12T03:29:07Z

2409:4072:883:38C1:F8A3:F501:BF81:2FC3: /* Language: Tamil */

{{Short description|Raga in Hindustani classical music}}
{{for|the thaat that this raga belongs to|Poorvi (thaat)}}
{{Use British English|date=November 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox raga
| name = Purvi
| image_name =
| image_alt =
| thaat = [[Poorvi (thaat)|Poorvi]]<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=http://www.tanarang.com/english/purvi_eng.htm|title=Raag Poorvi - Indian Classical Music - Tanarang.com|website=www.tanarang.com}}</ref>
| type = Sampurna-Sampurna Vakra<ref name="auto"/>
| time = 4th Prahar of the day (3pm-6pm)<ref name="auto"/>
| season =
| arohana = S r G M P d N S'<ref name="auto"/>
| avarohana = S' N d P M G m G r S<ref name="auto"/>
| vadi = Ga<ref name="auto"/>
| samavadi = Ni<ref name="auto"/>
| pakad = S r G M G m G M d P N d P G M P M G m G r S<ref name="auto"/>
| chalan =S r G M G m G M d P N d P G M P M G m G r S<ref name="auto"/>
| synonym =
| equivalent =
| similar =
}}
'''Purvi''' or '''Poorvi''' ({{IAST3|Pūrvī}}) is a [[raga]] in [[Hindustani classical music]] that exemplifies its own [[thaat]], the [[Poorvi (thaat)|Poorvi thaat]]. Purvi has a deeply serious, quiet and somewhat mystical character. It is uncommon in performances nowadays.

==Aroha & Avaroha ==

[[Arohana]]: S r G M P d N S'<ref name="auto"/>

Thus: C D-flat E F-sharp G A-flat B C+

In German: C Des E Fis G Aes H C+

In ''Arohana'', S and P are often avoided, specially in fast [[Taan (music)|taan]]s.

[[Avarohana]]: S' N d P M G m G r S<ref name="auto"/>

==Vadi & Samavadi ==

[[Vadi (music)|Vadi]] : Ga<ref name="auto"/>

[[Samvadi]] : Ni<ref name="auto"/>

==Pakad or Chalan==

S r G M G m G M d P N d P G M P M G m G r S<ref name="auto"/>

==Organization & Relationships==

[[Thaat]]: Purvi is the main raga of [[Purvi (thaat)|Purvi Thaat]].

==Samay (Time) ==

4th Prahar of the day (3pm-6pm)<ref name="auto"/>

== Film Songs ==
===Language: [[Tamil language|Tamil]]===
{| class="wikitable"
!Song
!Movie
!Composer
!Singer
|-
|Amba Manamkanindhu
|[[Sivakavi]]
|[[Papanasam Sivan]]
|[[M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar]]
|-
|Yezhu Swarangalukul(Ragamalika with Sindhubairavi,khamboji)
|[[Apoorva Raagangal]]
|rowspan=2|[[M. S. Viswanathan]]
|rowspan=3|[[Vani Jairam]]
|-
|Neerada Neram
|[[Vaira Nenjam]]
|-
|Arpudha Kalaidhan
|[[Idhaya Nayagan]]
|rowspan="3"|[[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
|-
|Intha Nimisham
|[[Hello (1999 film)]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[K.S. Chitra]]
|-
|Thenthoovum Vasandham
|[[Vaidehi Kalyanam]]
|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[K.S. Chitra]]
|-
|Rojavai Thaalattum
|[[Ninaivellam Nithya]]
|rowspan="7"|[[Illayaraja]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Kaadhal Ennum Kaaviyam
|[[Vatathukkul Chadhuram]]
|[[Jikki]]
|-
|Piraye Piraye
|[[Pithamagan]]
|[[Madhu Balakrishnan]]
|-
|Om Sivoham
|[[Naan Kadavul]]
|[[Vijay Prakash]]
|-
|Ninnaichcharan Adainthen
|[[Bharathi (2000 film)|Bharathi]]
|[[Bombay Jayashree]]
|-
|Yenna Varam Vendum
|[[Nandhavana Theru]]
|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]],Lekha, Sindhu Devi
|-
|Sree Ramavaarai
|[[Sri Rama Rajyam]]
|[[Chinmayi]],Sakyath
|-
|Nalam Paaduven
|Kanmaniye Pesu
|[[Raveendran]]
|[[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Hai Rama
|[[Rangeela (1995 film)|Rangeela]]
|rowspan="3"|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Swarnalatha]]
|-
|Athini Sithini
|[[Thenali]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Chitra Sivaraman]], [[Kamal Haasan]]
|-
|Macha Machiniye
|[[Star (2001 film)|Star]]
|[[Unni Menon]]
|-
|Oh Nenjame
|Paasakanal
|rowspan=2|[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|[[K. J. Yesudas]],Sunandha
|-
|Adi kadhal Enpathu
|[[Ennavale]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]]
|-
|En Vanam Neethana
|[[Dhinamdhorum]]
|Oviyan
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]],Shenoy Balesh
|-
|Or Aayiram Yaanai
|rowspan="2"|[[Nandha]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|[[P. Unnikrishnan]]
|-
|Amma Endralle
|[[Illayaraja]]
|-
|Poovum Malarnthida
|[[Swarnamukhi (film)|Swarnamukhi]]
|Swararaj
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Swarnalatha]]
|-
|Kangal Theduthey
|[[Manathodu Mazhaikalam]]
|[[Karthik Raja]]
|[[Sadhana Sargam]], [[Jassie Gift]]
|-
|Or Mirugam
|[[Paradesi (2013 film)|Paradesi]]
|[[G. V. Prakash Kumar]]
|V. V. Prasanna,[[Pragathi Guruprasad]]
|}

== Related Ragas ==

[[Puriya Dhanashree]]

==Rasa==
Raga-Kalpadruma: Charming and beautiful, scantily dressed, lotus-eyed Puravi appears at the end of the day. Idle and sleepy, she suffers from the pangs of separation and dreams only of her lover.<ref name="Kaufmann 1968">Kaufmann 1968</ref>

Cattvarimsacchata-Raga-Nirupanam: Master of archery, seated on an elephant and dressed in white, Purvika has a splendid body and is served by all the different [[varna (Hinduism)|varna]]s.<ref name="Kaufmann 1968"/>

Raga-Sagara: I remember Purvika dressed in a garment woven with threads of gold. Fair and charming like the moon, she holds a cup of wine and a parrot in her hands and she is served by woman who are graceful and lively like the young deer. The head of her lover rests in her lap.<ref name="Kaufmann 1968"/>

==Historical Information ==
Poorvi is an old traditional [[raga]], which originated in the eastern part of India. Its ancient precursor [[Purvagauda]] had a similar scale to modern [[Bhairav (raga)|Bhairav]] (S r G m P d N). Poorvi itself does not appear in the literature before the 16th century. It is one of the 14 original composition of the legend Tansen.

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==Literature==
{{Citation
|last = Bor
|first = Joep
|title = The Raga Guide
|publisher = Nimbus Records
|place = Charlottesville,Virginia
|year = c. 1997
|url = http://www.wyastone.co.uk/nrl/world/5536a.html
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090715224806/http://www.wyastone.co.uk/nrl/world/5536a.html
|archive-date = 15 July 2009}}
 
{{ Citation
| last=Kaufmann
| first=Walter
| title=The Ragas of North India
| publisher=Oxford and IBH Publishing Company
| place=Calcutta
| year=1968
}}.
 
{{ Citation
| last=Bhatkhande
| first=Vishnu Narayan
| title=Kramika Pustaka Malika
| publisher=Sangeet Karyalaya
| place=Hathras
| year=1968–73
}}.
 
{{ Citation
| last=Bhatkhande
| first=Vishnu Narayan
| title=Sangeet Shastra
| publisher=Sangeet Karyalaya
| place=Hathras
| year=1968–75
}}.
 
{{ Citation
| last=Rao
| first=B.Subba
| title=Raganidhi
| publisher=Music Academy
| place=Madras
| year=1964–66
}}.
 
{{ Citation
| last=Ratanjankar
| first=S.N.
| title=Abhinava Gita Manjari
| publisher=Popular Prakashan
| place=Bombay
}}.
 
{{ Citation
| last=Khan
| first=Raja Nawab Ali
| title=Mariphunnagatama
| publisher=Sangeet Karyalaya
| place=Hathras
| year=1968–78
}}.

== External links ==
* [http://www.parrikar.org/hindustani/poorvi/ Detailed analysis by Rajan Parrikar of Purvi/Poorvi and associated ragas along with audio samples.]
* [http://oceanofragas.com/ocean_htmlpages/Poorvi.html More details about raga Poorvi]

{{Hindustani Classical Music page end}}
{{Rāgas as per Performance Time}}

[[Category:Hindustani ragas]]

Puriya Dhanashree

2021-07-12T03:28:25Z

2409:4072:883:38C1:F8A3:F501:BF81:2FC3: /* Language: Tamil */

{{Infobox raga
| name = Puriya Dhanashree
| image_name =
| image_alt =
| thaat = [[Poorvi (thaat)|Poorvi]]
| type =
| time =
| season =
| arohana =
| avarohana =
| vadi =
| samavadi =
| pakad =
| chalan =
| synonym =
| equivalent =
| similar =
}}

'''Puriya Dhanashree''' is a [[rāga]] in [[Hindustani classical music]]. It belongs to the [[Poorvi (thaat)|Poorvi]] [[Thaat]] and has been derived from the Janak raga.

==Raga Puriya Dhanashree==

Raga Purvi, the "type-raga" of [[Poorvi (thaat)|Purvi Thaat]] contains all [[swara|seven notes]] (i.e. Shadaj, Rishabh, Gandhar, Madhyam, Pancham, Dhaivat and Nishad). But the rishabh and the dhaivat are komal both in ascent and descent and the madhyam varies from teevra to shuddh whereas the gandhar and the nishaad stay shuddh throughout.

In Puriya Dhanashree, however, the aarohan or the ascent is as follows - -N r G M d N S+. This shows that pancham is not used very often in the aarohan thereby making it a shaadav aarohan or an aarohan with six notes. Rishabh and Dhaivat are komal or flat in Raag Puriya Dhanashree wheres the Madhyam is teevra or sharp. The descent or the [[avarohan]] is as follows: S+ N d P M G M r G r S, the descent bears all seven notes with komal Dhaivat and Shadaj and a teevra Madhyam. The vadi of this raga is pancham and the samavadi is rishabh. Raag Purvi's structure is very close to that of raga Puriya Dhanashree therefore in order to differentiate between the two shuddha madhyam is often used in raga purvi unlike the teevra madhayam used in raga Puriya Dhanashree.

The gayan samay or the time of singing this raga is at dusk. Raag Puriya Dhanashree is sung at time of transition from the afternoon to the evening and thus it is known as a Sandhiprakash Raga. The pakad of this Raga or the catch phrase of this Raga under the Bhatkande system is -N r G, M r G P, M d P, M G M r G d M G r S . While expounding the uttaranga part of this Raga the phrase M d N d S+ is used to move into the taara saptak (higher octave). The transition from the taara saptak Re to the Madhya Saptak Ni is commonly through the use of a meendh.

==Raga-Rasa Theory==

Each [[sruti]] or micro tonal interval has a definite character; the names manda, candovati, dayavati, ranjani, raudri, krodha, ugra or khsobhini denote their emotional quality which dwells in combination or singly in the notes of the modal scale: thus, dayavati, ranjani and ratika dwell in the gandhara and each of the notes ( [[swara]] ) of the scale in its turn has its own kind of expression and distinct psychological or physical effect and can be related to a colour, a mood ( rasa or bhava ), a metre, a deity or one of the subtle centres ( chakra ) of the body. ...Thus for the sringara (amorous or erotic) and the hasya (laughter) rasa, the madhyama and the pancham are used; for the vira (heroic), raudra (wrathful) and the adbhuta (wondrous), the shadja and the rishabha ; for the bibhatsa (repulsive) and the bhayanaka (fearsome), the dhaivata ; and for the karuna (compassionate), the nisada and the gandhara are used. Every swara stands for a certain definite emotion or mood and has been classified according to its relative importance, and it forms a different part of the `person' of the modal scale.

== Film Songs ==
===Language: [[Tamil language|Tamil]]===
{| class="wikitable"
!Song
!Movie
!Composer
!Singer
|-
|Amba Manamkanindhu
|[[Sivakavi]]
|[[Papanasam Sivan]]
|[[M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar]]
|-
|Yezhu Swarangalukul(Ragamalika with Sindhubairavi,khamboji)
|[[Apoorva Raagangal]]
|rowspan=2|[[M. S. Viswanathan]]
|rowspan=3|[[Vani Jairam]]
|-
|Neerada Neram
|[[Vaira Nenjam]]
|-
|Arpudha Kalaidhan
|[[Idhaya Nayagan]]
|rowspan="3"|[[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
|-
|Intha Nimisham
|[[Hello (1999 film)]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[K.S. Chitra]]
|-
|Thenthoovum Vasandham
|[[Vaidehi Kalyanam]]
|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[K.S. Chitra]]
|-
|Rojavai Thaalattum
|[[Ninaivellam Nithya]]
|rowspan="7"|[[Illayaraja]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Kaadhal Ennum Kaaviyam
|[[Vatathukkul Chadhuram]]
|[[Jikki]]
|-
|Piraye Piraye
|[[Pithamagan]]
|[[Madhu Balakrishnan]]
|-
|Om Sivoham
|[[Naan Kadavul]]
|[[Vijay Prakash]]
|-
|Ninnaichcharan Adainthen
|[[Bharathi (2000 film)|Bharathi]]
|[[Bombay Jayashree]]
|-
|Yenna Varam Vendum
|[[Nandhavana Theru]]
|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]],Lekha, Sindhu Devi
|-
|Sree Ramavaarai
|[[Sri Rama Rajyam]]
|[[Chinmayi]],Sakyath
|-
|Nalam Paaduven
|Kanmaniye Pesu
|[[Raveendran]]
|[[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Hai Rama
|[[Rangeela (1995 film)|Rangeela]]
|rowspan="3"|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Swarnalatha]]
|-
|Athini Sithini
|[[Thenali]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Chitra Sivaraman]], [[Kamal Haasan]]
|-
|Macha Machiniye
|[[Star (2001 film)|Star]]
|[[Unni Menon]]
|-
|Oh Nenjame
|Paasakanal
|rowspan=2|[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|[[K. J. Yesudas]],Sunandha
|-
|Adi kadhal Enpathu
|[[Ennavale]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]]
|-
|En Vanam Neethana
|[[Dhinamdhorum]]
|Oviyan
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]],Shenoy Balesh
|-
|Or Aayiram Yaanai
|rowspan="2"|[[Nandha]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|[[P. Unnikrishnan]]
|-
|Amma Endralle
|[[Illayaraja]]
|-
|Poovum Malarnthida
|[[Swarnamukhi (film)|Swarnamukhi]]
|Swararaj
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Swarnalatha]]
|-
|Kangal Theduthey
|[[Manathodu Mazhaikalam]]
|[[Karthik Raja]]
|[[Sadhana Sargam]], [[Jassie Gift]]
|-
|Or Mirugam
|[[Paradesi (2013 film)|Paradesi]]
|[[G. V. Prakash Kumar]]
|V. V. Prasanna,[[Pragathi Guruprasad]]
|}

==External links==
*[http://chandrakantha.com/raga_raag/film_song_raga/puria_dhanashri.shtml Film Songs in Rag Puriya Dhanashree]
* [http://oceanofragas.com/ocean_htmlpages/PooriaDhanashri.html More details about raga PooriaDhanashri]

{{Rāgas as per Performance Time}}

[[Category:Hindustani ragas|Dhb]]