Maruthu Pandiyar

2021-08-20T13:47:41Z

2409:4072:6C93:9B22:FEAD:BC16:3250:B31A: Spelling mistake

[[File:Maruthu pandiyar.jpg|thumb|Maruthu Pandiyars]]
{{more citations needed |date=October 2019}}
{{short description|Indian revolutionaries}}

'''{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2016}}
The Marudhu Pandiyars<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.academia.edu/40072636|title=Linking the ancient with the modern: Rāma-Lakṣmaṇa and the Marutu Brothers analogy|last=Rajarajan|first=R.K.K.|journal=The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society |year=2019|pages= 110.2: 41-49. ISSN 0047-8555}}</ref> (Periya Marudhu and Chinna Marudhu) were King of [[Sivagangai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India, towards the end of the 18th century. They were known for fighting against the [[East India Company]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Mahradū, an Indian story, with some observations on the present state of the British empire|page=17|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z3QIAAAAQAAJ&q=Mahrad%C5%AB%2C+an+Indian+story%2C+with+some+observations+on+the+present+state+of+the&pg=PA1|last1=Gourlay|first1=J.|year=1813}}</ref> They were finally executed by the EIC after being captured by them.'''

==Childhood==
Periya and Chinna Marudhu,<ref name="hindu2004">{{cite news|title=Stamp on Marudhu Pandiar brothers released|url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/10/25/stories/2004102511960300.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050211134142/http://www.hindu.com/2004/10/25/stories/2004102511960300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 February 2005|access-date=2016-08-12|date=25 October 2004|work=[[The Hindu]]|location=Madurai, India}}</ref> sons of Mookiah Palaniappan Servai was native of Mukkulam, near Narikudi which was 18 miles away from Aruppukottai. Their mother Anandhayee alias Ponnathal was native of Pudhupatti near Sivagangai. Both the Brothers were born at Mukkulam in the year 1748 and 1753 respectively. The first son was named as Vellai Marudhu alias Periya Marudhu and the second son as Chinna Marudhu.

==Rebellion==
In 1772, [[Muhammad Ali Khan Wallajah]], (the Nawab of [[Arcot State|Arcot]]) had killed Muthuvaduganatha Thevar over his refusal to pay taxes. However Marudhu Pandiyar and Queen Velunachiyar escaped, and stayed with Gopala Nayak in [[Virupakshipuram]] for 8 years. After this time, an alliance of kingdoms led by the Pandiyar attacked Sivagangai and retook it in 1789. Both Maruthu Pandiyar were given high positions in the kingdom.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://scroll.in/magazine/851114/remembering-the-maruthu-pandiyar-brothers-the-leaders-of-the-south-indian-rebellion-of-1801|title=Remembering the Maruthu Pandiyar brothers, the leaders of the South Indian Rebellion of 1801|last=Govindarajan|first=Vinita|website=Scroll.in|language=en-US|access-date=2019-08-31}}</ref>

They were good at aerodynamics and craftsmanship and is said to have invented the [[Valari]], a variant of the [[boomerang]].

==Death==
The Marudhu Pandiyars, planned to war against [[East India Company]] [[Company rule in India|in India]]. They gave the protection to Velunachiyar who was temporarily seeking refuge from the chaos of war. They along with the war leader Sivagangai and many of their family members, were captured at [[Cholapuram]] and were killed at Tiruppattur. They were hanged in the fort of [[Tirupputhur]], which is now Sivaganga district, Tamil Nadu, on 24 October 1801.<ref>[http://southindianstates.com/tamilnadu_districts/sivagangai/sivagangai-marudhu-brothers.html Southindian states website] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918011329/http://southindianstates.com/tamilnadu_districts/sivagangai/sivagangai-marudhu-brothers.html |date=18 September 2010 }}</ref> The burial of Maruthu Padiyars is located at Sivagangai .

==Honour==
Maruthu Brothers are good in aerodynamics and invented many variants of [[spears]] and [[Valari]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Children of midnight! Maruthu Pandiyar: Two brothers on one mission! - YoungBites|url=http://www.youngbites.com/newsdet.aspx?q=212272|access-date=2020-10-17|website=www.youngbites.com}}</ref> They also founded guerilla war tactic in India during the early stages of colonization. A commemorative postage stamp was released in October 2004.<ref name="hindu2004" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indiapost.gov.in/netscape/Stamps2004.html|title=Stamps 2004|publisher=Indian Postal department|access-date=4 January 2012}}</ref> Every year people conduct Maruthu Pandiyars Guru Pooja at the Kalayarkovil temple in October.<ref>{{cite news|title=Thousands pay homage to Marudhu Brothers|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Madurai/article854734.ece|work=The Hindu|date=28 October 2010|location=Madurai, India}}</ref>

Local Tamilians are also worshiping them and there is a temple dedicated and located at Batu Dua Mariamman Temple, Sungai Petani, Kedah at Malaysia.

A film was done about their lives in 1959: [[Sivagangai Seemai]] .

==See also==
* [[Indian independence activist]]
* [[Agamudayar]]
*[[Mamannargal .maruthupandiargal]]
* [[Kalayar Kovil]]
*[[Maruthupandiar varalaru Tamil]]
* [[Oomaithurai|Maveeran Oomaithurai Nayakar]]
* [[Rani Velu Nachiar]]
* [[Veerapandiya Kattabomman|Maveeran Veerapandiya Kattabomma Nayakar]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pandiyar, Maruthu}}
[[Category:1801 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian revolutionaries]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing]]
[[Category:People from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Polygar Wars]]

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Maruthu Pandiyar