Kamavardhani

2021-05-31T01:59:05Z

2409:4072:61C:956A:9495:69A0:DA86:5B73: /* Language: Tamil */

{{Infobox ragam
| name = Kamavardhini
| synonym =
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| mela =
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| type =
| arohanam = {{svaraC|S|R1|G3|M2|P|D1|N3|S'}}
| avarohanam = {{svaraC|S'|N3|D1|P|M2|G3|R1|S}}
| jeeva =
| chhaya =
| nyasa =
| vishesha =
| equivalent =
| similar =
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2011}}
{{Carnatic}}
'''Kamavardhini''' (pronounced kāmavardhini - காமவர்தினி / कामवर्धिनि:) is a [[rāga]]m in [[Carnatic music]] (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 51st ''[[Melakarta]]'' rāgam in the 72 ''melakarta'' rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is also referred by the name ''Pantuvarāḷi'',<ref name="ragas">''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications</ref> although purists prefer to designate it as Kamavardhini. It literally means "that which increases desire".

This rāgam is very popular with musicians who typically sing it in the beginning of a concert. It is called '''Kāshirāmakriya''' in the [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]] school. The [[Hindustani music]] equivalent of ''Kamavardhini'' is the ''[[Purvi|Poorvi thaat]]''/[[Puriya Dhanashree]].<ref name="ragas" /><ref name="raganidhi">''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras</ref>

== Structure and Lakshana ==
[[Image:Kamavardini scale.svg|thumb|right|300px|''Kamavardini'' scale with Shadjam at C]]

It is the 3rd rāgam in the 9th ''chakra Brahma''. The mnemonic name is ''Brahma-Go''. The mnemonic phrase is ''sa ra gu mi pa dha nu''.<ref name="ragas" /> Its ''{{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}}'' structure (ascending and descending scale) is as follows (see [[Swara#Swaras in Carnatic music|''swaras'' in Carnatic music]] for details on below notation and terms):
*[[Arohana|{{IAST|ārohaṇa}}]]: {{svaraC|S|R1|G3|M2|P|D1|N3|S'|foot=yes}}
*[[Avarohana|{{IAST|avarohaṇa}}]]: {{svaraC|S'|N3|D1|P|M2|G3|R1|S|foot=yes}}
(the notes in this scale are ''shuddha rishabham, antara gandharam, prathi madhyamam, shuddha dhaivatham, kakali nishadham'')

It is a [[sampoorna raga|''sampoorna'' rāgam]] – a rāgam that has all seven ''[[swara]]s'' (notes). This rāgam differs from the 15th ''melakarta'' rāgam ''[[Mayamalavagowla]]'', which is the rāgam taught to a beginner in Carnatic music, only by the ''madhyamam''. ''Kamavardani'' is the ''prati madhyamam'' equivalent of ''Mayamalavagowla''.

== ''Janya'' rāgams ==
It has a few minor ''[[janya]]'' rāgams (derived scales) associated with it. See [[List of Janya Ragas#Kamavardhini|List of ''janya'' rāgams]] for full list of rāgams associated with it.

== Popular compositions ==

* ''Guruvina Gulaamanaaguva Tanaka'' - Purandaradasa
* ''Raghuvara Nannu, Shambo Mahadeva'', ''Saramegani'', ''Aparama bhakthi'', ''Shobhaane'', ''Sundara daradeham, Ninne Nera Nammi,'' and ''Shiva Shiva Shiva Enarada'' - [[Thyagaraja]]
* ''Enna ganu rama'' - [[Bhadrachala Ramadas]]
* ''Ramanatham Bajeham,'' ''Visalaksheem Visweseem'', ''Senapathe Palayamam'' - [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]],
* ''Ninnarul Iyambalagumo'' - [[Papanasam Sivan]]
* ''Sarasaksha Paripalaya Maamayi'','' Paripalaya Sarasiruha'' and ''Saroruhaasana (Navarathri sixth day krithi)'' - [[Swati Tirunal]]
* ''Magalahârathide Nēku'', ''Mahitâtma Sevite'' - [[Kalyani Varadarajan]]
*'' Engum Nirainda Paramporule'' (varnam)- [[Madurai Sri N Krishnan]]<ref>https://karnatik.com/c21448.shtml</ref>
*''Sharanam tava'' - [[Mangalampalli Balamuralikrishna]]
*''Shankari Ninne'' - [[Mysore Vasudevachar]]

== Film Songs ==
===Language: [[Tamil language|Tamil]]===
{| class="wikitable"
!Song
!Movie
!Composer
!Singer
|-
|Amba Manamkanindhu
|[[Sivakavi]]
|[[Papanasam Sivan]]
|[[M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar]]
|-
|Yezhu Swarangalukul(Ragamalika with Sindhubairavi,khamboji)
|[[Apoorva Raagangal]]
|rowspan=2|[[M. S. Viswanathan]]
|rowspan=3|[[Vani Jairam]]
|-
|Neerada Neram
|[[Vaira Nenjam]]
|-
|Arpudha Kalaidhan
|[[Idhaya Nayagan]]
|rowspan="3"|[[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
|-
|Intha Nimisham
|[[Hello (1999 film)]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[K.S. Chitra]]
|-
|Thenthoovum Vasandham
|[[Vaidehi Kalyanam]]
|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[K.S. Chitra]]
|-
|Rojavai Thaalattum
|[[Ninaivellam Nithya]]
|rowspan="7"|[[Illayaraja]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Kaadhal Ennum Kaaviyam
|[[Vatathukkul Chadhuram]]
|[[Jikki]]
|-
|Piraye Piraye
|[[Pithamagan]]
|[[Madhu Balakrishnan]]
|-
|Om Sivoham
|[[Naan Kadavul]]
|[[Vijay Prakash]]
|-
|Ninnaichcharan Adainthen
|[[Bharathi (2000 film)|Bharathi]]
|[[Bombay Jayashree]]
|-
|Yenna Varam Vendum
|[[Nandhavana Theru]]
|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]],Lekha, Sindhu Devi
|-
|Sree Ramavaarai
|[[Sri Rama Rajyam]]
|[[Chinmayi]],Sakyath
|-
|Nalam Paaduven
|Kanmaniye Pesu
|[[Raveendran]]
|[[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Hai Rama
|[[Rangeela (1995 film)|Rangeela]]
|rowspan="3"|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Swarnalatha]]
|-
|Athini Sithini
|[[Thenali]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Chitra Sivaraman]], [[Kamal Haasan]]
|-
|Macha Machiniye
|[[Star (2001 film)|Star]]
|[[Unni Menon]]
|-
|Oh Nenjame
|Paasakanal
|rowspan=2|[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|[[K. J. Yesudas]],Sunandha
|-
|Adi kadhal Enpathu
|[[Ennavale]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]]
|-
|En Vanam Neethana
|[[Dhinamdhorum]]
|Oviyan
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]],Shenoy Balesh
|-
|Or Aayiram Yaanai
|rowspan="2"|[[Nandha]]
|rowspan="2"|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|[[P. Unnikrishnan]]
|-
|Amma Endralle
|[[Illayaraja]]
|-
|Poovum Malarnthida
|[[Swarnamukhi (film)|Swarnamukhi]]
|Swararaj
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Swarnalatha]]
|-
|Kangal Theduthey
|[[Manathodu Mazhaikalam]]
|[[Karthik Raja]]
|[[Sadhana Sargam]], [[Jassie Gift]]
|}

== Related rāgams ==
This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

''Kamavardani's'' notes when shifted using ''[[Graha bhedam]]'', yields ''[[Kanakangi]]'' (the 1st ''melakarta''). ''Graha bhedam'' is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the ''shadjam'' to the next note in the rāgam. See further details and an illustration of ''[[Graha bhedam#Kanakangi|Graha bhedam on Kanakangi]]''.

==Notes==
{{notelist|30em}}

==References==
{{Portal|India|Music}}
{{reflist}}

{{Melakarta ragas|state=collapsed}}
{{Janya|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Melakarta Ragas]]

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Kamavardhani