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List of lieutenant governors of Ladakh

2021-08-25T19:51:52Z

2409:4071:D82:712C:0:0:54CA:4612:

{{short description|Bharatpedia list article}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2020}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = Lieutenant Governor
| title = Lieutenant Governor
| native_name =
| body = Ladakh
| flag =
| flagcaption =
| flagborder =
| insignia =
| insigniasize =
| insigniacaption = Raj Bhavan
| incumbent = [[R. K. Mathur]]<ref>https://ladakh.nic.in/swearing-in-of-first-lt-governor-of-ladakh/</ref>
| image = R. K. Mathur.png
| incumbentsince = 31 October 2019
| style = ''[[The Honourable]]'' ''[[His Excellency]]''
| residence = [[Raj Niwas, Leh]]<ref>https://ladakh.nic.in/whoswho/radha-krishna-mathur/</ref>
| termlength = Five Years
| appointer = [[President of India]]
| formation = {{start date and years ago|df=yes|2019|10|31}}
| inaugural = [[R. K. Mathur]]
| website = {{URL| https://ladakh.nic.in/whoswho/radha-krishna-mathur/|''Official website''}}
}}

This is a list of '''Lieutenant Governors of Ladakh''', a [[States and union territories of India|Union territory]] of [[India]] that came into existence on 31 October 2019. The Lieutenant Governor is directly appointed by the [[President of India]], The Lt.Governor acts as the representative of the [[Government of India|Central Government]] who is not obliged to the Legislature ,which in case of [[Ladakh]] doesn't have a Legislature. The Central Government governs the territory via Lt. Governor.

==Background==

In August 2019, a [[Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019|Reorganisation Act]] was passed by both houses of the Indian Parliament. The provisions contained in the reorganised the state of Jammu and Kashmir into two [[union territory|union territories]]; [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]] and [[Ladakh]] on 31 October 2019. The act established the position of Lieutenant Governor of Ladakh.<ref>http://www.prsindia.org/sites/default/files/bill_files/Jammu%20and%20Kashmir%20Reorganisation%20Act%2C%202019.pdf</ref>

==Lieutenant Governors of Ladakh==

{| class="wikitable"
| bgcolor=#cccccc | S. No.
| bgcolor=#cccccc | '''Portrait'''
| bgcolor=#cccccc | '''Name'''
| bgcolor=#cccccc | '''Took Office'''
| bgcolor=#cccccc | '''Left Office'''
|-
| bgcolor=#DDEEFF | 1
| bgcolor=#DDEEFF |[[File:R. K. Mathur.png|60px]]
| bgcolor=#DDEEFF | [[R. K. Mathur]], [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]] (Retd.)<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/radha-krishna-mathur-to-be-lg-of-ladakh-all-you-need-to-know-about-him-1612976-2019-10-25 | title=Radha Krishna Mathur to be LG of Ladakh: All you need to know about him | date=25 October 2019 | publisher=India Today | access-date=2 February 2020}}</ref>
| bgcolor=#DDEEFF | 31 October 2019
| bgcolor=#DDEEFF |''Incumbent''
|-
|}

==See also==
* [[List of current Indian lieutenant governors and administrators]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Current Indian lieutenant governors and administrators}}

[[Category:Government of Ladakh]]
[[Category:Lieutenant governors of Ladakh]]
[[Category:Indian government officials]]
[[Category:Lists of governors of Indian states|Ladakh]]
[[Category:Ladakh-related lists]]

Kolkata Metro Rail Corporation

2021-08-25T18:25:35Z

2409:4071:D82:712C:0:0:54CA:4612:

{{short description|Public transport company}}
{{moresources|date=October 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}{{Use Indian English|date=July 2018}}{{For|more about East West Metro|Kolkata Metro Line 2}}{{For|another owner of Kolkata Metro|Metro Railway, Kolkata}}{{infobox company
| logo = File:Kolkata Metro Rail Corporation Logo.svg
| logo_size = 150px
| logo_caption = ''Pride of twin cities''
| name = Kolkata Metro Rail Corporation (KMRC)
| hq_location = KMRCL Bhawan, HRBC Complex, 2nd & 3rd Floor, Munsi Premchand Sarani
| type = Public transport
| founded = 2008
| hq_location_city = [[Kolkata]], [[West Bengal]]
| hq_location_country = [[India]]
| area_served = [[Kolkata]], [[Howrah]]
| services = Metro transportation services
| owner = [[Government of India]]
| website = http://www.kmrc.in/
| key_people = {{plainlist|
* Shri Manas Sarkar (Managing{{wbr}} Director)
* Smt. Chandrima Roy (Chief{{wbr}} Vigilance Officer)
}}
}}
[[File:East West Metro Kolkata 13.jpg|thumb|Day one of the East West Metro Kolkata on 13th February, 2020]]
[[File:East West Metro Kolkata rake.jpg|thumb|300px|A Kolkata East-West Metro rake]]
'''Kolkata Metro Rail Corporation (KMRC)''' is a Government of India enterprise formed in 2008. The agency was formed to oversee the implementing [[Kolkata Metro Line 2]], also known as East West Metro, connecting the twin cities [[Kolkata]] and [[Howrah]]. The under construction metro rail route will be partly underground including the part that will be under the river [[Ganges]]. The 16.6 km route will have six station each in underground and elevated portions. The terminal stations will be Salt Lake Sector V and the Howrah Maidan.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.kmrc.in/admin/uploads/AR_of_KMRCL.pdf|title=Annual Report|date=2017|publisher=Kolkata Metro Rail Corporation Ltd.}}</ref> The elevated stretch started operations on 13 February 2020.

== Ownership ==
=== History ===
KMRC was formed as a joint venture company between two govt bodies, i.e. [[Government of West Bengal]] and [[Government of India]] on a 50-50 partnership basis. Ministry of Urban Development (now renamed as [[Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs]]) holds the shares on behalf of Govt. of India.

On 29 September 2010, it was decided that Govt. of West Bengal will withdraw all its shares from KMRC, and Govt. of India will be the shareholder of KMRC along with [[Japan International Cooperation Agency|JICA]]. Thus Govt. of West Bengal gave all its shares to the [[Ministry of Railways (India)|Ministry of Railways]], and making Kolkata Metro a central govt. entity again.<ref name=":0" />

=== Current status ===
The current shareholders are given below-

* '''''Ministry of Railways''''' 74% (including the shares of Govt. of West Bengal)
* '''''Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs''''' 26%

As of 31 March 2017, equity holding details-

* '''''Ministry of Railways'''''– {{INRConvert|721.50|c}} (68.03%)
* '''''Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs'''''– {{INRConvert|339|c}} (31.97%)<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.kmrc.in/admin/uploads/KMRCL_Eng_Hindi.pdf|title=KMRC Annual Report}}</ref>

== Hurdles faced ==
The main problem that were faced by KMRC was regarding land. Most of the places, non-availability of land led to delay in the project multiple times. Some of them are mentioned below-

* Land issue for construction of a new Central station for Line 2, thus leading to route realignment.
* Land issue in Duttabad for erection of piers of elevated stretch, and leading to resurveying of the stretch by RITES
* Land and rehabilitation issues in construction of [[Mahakaran metro station|Mahakaran station]] and so shifting the station location.

Other issues were-

* Delay in finalisation of the newly aligned route from [[Sealdah metro station|Sealdah]] to [[Howrah metro station|Howrah]].
* Improper and irregular flow of funds
* Traffic diversion related problems also led to delays<ref name=":1" />

== See also ==
* [[Kolkata Metro Line 1]]
* [[Kolkata Metro Line 2]]
* [[Kolkata Metro Line 3]]
* [[Kolkata Metro Line 6]]

== References ==
<references />

== External links ==
* {{Official website|http://www.kmrc.in/}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110811081430/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-07-15/kolkata/28159397_1_e-w-metro-kolkata-metro-rail-corporation-kmrc Meet on E-W Metro safety (Times of India)]

{{Kolkata topics}}
{{Kolkata Metro}}

[[Category:Transport in Kolkata]]
[[Category:Rapid transit companies of India]]
[[Category:Proposed rapid transit in India]]
[[Category:Kolkata Metro]]

{{India-rail-transport-stub}}
{{Asia-metro-stub}}

List of chief ministers from the Communist Party of India (Marxist)

2021-08-25T03:10:40Z

2409:4071:D82:712C:0:0:54CA:4612: /* Chief ministers from the Communist Party of India (Marxist) */

{{short description|Wikipedia list article}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}}
The [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] (abbreviated as CPI(M) or CPM) is a [[List of communist parties in India|communist political party in India]] that formed as the result of [[1964 split in the Communist Party of India|a split in the Communist Party of India (CPI) in 1964]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/article/722209/as-cpi-and-cpi-m-mull-merger-a-short-history-of-how-they-split-up-in-the-first-place|title=As CPI and CPI-M mull merger, a short history of how they split up in the first place|website=Scroll.in|date=26 April 2015|last=Daniyal|first=Shoaib|access-date=3 April 2020}}</ref> It has the status of a "[[List of political parties in India#National parties|national party]]" in India and has headed state governments in three of the [[States and union territories of India|states in the country]].

A [[Chief minister (India)|chief minister]] is the [[head of government]] of each of the [[States and union territories of India|twenty-eight states and three union territories]] (Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir and Puducherry). In accordance with the [[Constitution of India]], the [[Governor (India)|governor]] is a state's ''[[de jure]]'' head, but ''[[de facto]]'' executive authority rests with the chief minister. Following elections to the [[State Legislative Assembly (India)|state legislative assembly]], the state's governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose [[Cabinet (government)|council of ministers]] are [[Cabinet collective responsibility|collectively responsible]] to the assembly. Given the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to no [[term limit]]s.<ref>{{cite book|last=Basu|first=Durga Das|author-link=Durga Das Basu|title=Introduction to the Constitution of India|orig-year=1st pub. 1960|edition=20th|year=2011|pages=241–245|publisher=LexisNexis Butterworths Wadhwa Nagpur|isbn=978-81-8038-559-9}} Note: although the text talks about Indian state governments in general, it applies for the specific case of Chhattisgarh as well.</ref>

{{as of|2020|3}}, nine people from the CPI(M) have held the position of a chief minister — four in Kerala, three in Tripura, and two in West Bengal, out of which only one — [[Pinarayi Vijayan]] is incumbent.

==Chief ministers from the Communist Party of India (Marxist)==
;Key
*{{legend inline|1 = #faecc8|text = {{asterisk}}}} – Incumbent chief minister

{| class="plainrowheaders wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|- align=center
!scope=col | State
!scope=col | Name
!scope=col | Portrait
!scope=col | Term(s)
!scope=col | Tenure(s){{efn|Sources:{{ubl|Kerala: Official website of Kerala Legislature<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/ginfo_5.htm|title=Chief Ministers|website=Kerala Legislature|access-date=8 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808131008/http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/ginfo_5.htm|archive-date=8 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>|West Bengal: Official website of West Bengal Legislative Assembly<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wbassembly.gov.in/html/permiChMin.html|title=Premiers and Chief Ministers of West Bengal|website=West Bengal Legislative Assembly|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312211800/http://wbassembly.gov.in/html/permiChMin.html|archive-date=12 March 2016|access-date=24 August 2018}} Note: The website link may not work as it has few glitches; only the archive link works. Also, the source has few errors regarding the tenure of Ajoy Kumar Mukherjee; the correct dates are provided in the "Origin and Growth" section of the given website.</ref>|Tripura: Legislative Bodies in India (an Indian government website) page on Tripura Legislative Assembly<ref>{{cite web|url=https://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/STATISTICAL/tripura.html|title=Tripura Legislative Assembly|website=Legislative Bodies in India|access-date=28 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127084001/https://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/STATISTICAL/tripura.html|archive-date=27 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> and a news article for the date of end of Manik Sarkar's term.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/biplab-kumar-deb-takes-oath-as-tripura-cm/article22992682.ece|title=Biplab Kumar Deb takes oath as Tripura CM|date=9 March 2018|access-date=8 August 2019|website=[[Business Line]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809004415/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/biplab-kumar-deb-takes-oath-as-tripura-cm/article22992682.ece|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>}}}}
|-
!scope=row rowspan=4|[[Kerala]]
!scope=row|{{sortname|E. M. S.|Namboodiripad}}
|[[File:E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg|100px|alt=A portrait of E.M.S. Namboodiripad]]
|2{{efn|Namboodiripad has served two terms as a chief minister; the first in 1957 as a CPI leader and second in 1967 as a CPI(M) leader.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/static/html/fl1507/15070040.htm|title=Farewell to EMS|website=Frontline|first=R.|last=Krishnakumar|location=Thiruvananthapuram|volume=15|issue=7|access-date=11 August 2019|date=4 April 1998|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190806010612/https://frontline.thehindu.com/static/html/fl1507/15070040.htm|archive-date=6 August 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|1967|3|6}} – {{dts|format=dmy|1969|11|1}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1967|3|6|1969|11|1|}})}}
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|E. K.|Nayanar}}
|[[File:Ek_nayanar.jpeg|100px|A photograph of E.K. Nayanar]]
|3
|{{dts|format=dmy|1980|1|25|}} – {{dts|format=dmy|1981|10|20}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1980|1|25|1981|10|20}} )}} {{dts|format=dmy|1987|3|26}} – {{dts|format=dmy|1991|6|17}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1987|3|26|1991|6|17}})}} {{dts|format=dmy|1996|5|20}} – {{dts|format=dmy|2001|5|13}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1996|5|20|2001|5|13}})}}
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|V. S.|Achuthanandan}}
|[[File:Vs_achutanandann.jpg|100px|A photograph of V.S. Achutanandan]]
|1
|{{dts|format=dmy|2006|5|18}} – {{dts|format=dmy|2011|5|14}} {{small|({{age in years and days|2006|5|18|2011|5|14}})}}
|-
!scope=row style="background:#faecc8;text-align:center;" |{{sortname|Pinarayi|Vijayan}}*
|[[File:Pinarayi_Vijayan_1.jpg|100px]]
|2
|{{dts|format=dmy|2016|5|25}} – ''Incumbent''
{{small|({{age in years and days|2016|5|25}})}}
|-
!scope=row rowspan=3|[[Tripura]]
!scope=row|{{sortname|Nripen|Chakraborty}}
|[[File:Nripen_Chakraborty.jpg|100px]]
|2
|{{dts|format=dmy|1978|1|5}} – {{dts|format=dmy|1988|2|5}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1978|1|5|1988|2|5}})}}
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|Dasarath|Deb}}
|[[File:Dasarath_Deb1946.jpg|100px]]
|1
|{{dts|format=dmy|1993|4|10}} – {{dts|format=dmy|1998|3|11}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1993|4|10|1998|3|11}})}}
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|Manik|Sarkar}}
|[[File:Manik_Sarkar.jpg|100px|alt=A photograph of Manik Sarkar]]
|4
|{{dts|format=dmy|1998|3|11}} – {{dts|format=dmy|2018|3|9}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1998|3|11|2018|3|9}})}}
|-
!scope=row rowspan=2|[[West Bengal]]
!scope=row|{{sortname|Jyoti|Basu}}
|[[File:Jyoti_Basu_-_Calcutta_1996-12-21_089_Cropped.png|100px|alt=A portrait of Jyoti Basu]]
|5
|{{dts|format=dmy|1977|6|21}} – {{dts|format=dmy|2000|11|5}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1977|6|21|2000|11|5}})}}
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|Buddhadeb|Bhattacharjee}}
|[[File:Buddhadev Bhattacharjee.jpg|100px|alt=A portrait of Buddhadeb Bhattacharya]]
|3
|{{dts|format=dmy|2000|11|6}} – {{dts|format=dmy|2011|5|13}} {{small|({{age in years and days|2000|11|6|2011|5|13}})}}
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of current Indian chief ministers]]
*[[List of current Indian deputy chief ministers]]
*[[List of longest-serving Indian chief ministers]]
*[[List of female chief ministers in India]]
*[[List of chief ministers from the Bharatiya Janata Party]]
*[[List of chief ministers from the Indian National Congress]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

===References===
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Official website|http://cpim.org/|name=Official website of the CPI(M)}}

{{Portal|Communism|India|Politics}}
{{Communist Party of India (Marxist) chief ministers}}
{{Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
{{Current Indian chief ministers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Communist Party of India Marxist chief ministers}}
[[Category:Chief ministers from Communist Party of India (Marxist)|*]]
[[Category:Lists of chief ministers of Indian states| ]]

List of chief ministers from the Communist Party of India (Marxist)

2021-08-25T03:10:40Z

2409:4071:D82:712C:0:0:54CA:4612: /* Chief ministers from the Communist Party of India (Marxist) */

{{short description|Bharatpedia list article}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2019}}
The [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]] (abbreviated as CPI(M) or CPM) is a [[List of communist parties in India|communist political party in India]] that formed as the result of [[1964 split in the Communist Party of India|a split in the Communist Party of India (CPI) in 1964]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/article/722209/as-cpi-and-cpi-m-mull-merger-a-short-history-of-how-they-split-up-in-the-first-place|title=As CPI and CPI-M mull merger, a short history of how they split up in the first place|website=Scroll.in|date=26 April 2015|last=Daniyal|first=Shoaib|access-date=3 April 2020}}</ref> It has the status of a "[[List of political parties in India#National parties|national party]]" in India and has headed state governments in three of the [[States and union territories of India|states in the country]].

A [[Chief minister (India)|chief minister]] is the [[head of government]] of each of the [[States and union territories of India|twenty-eight states and three union territories]] (Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir and Puducherry). In accordance with the [[Constitution of India]], the [[Governor (India)|governor]] is a state's ''[[de jure]]'' head, but ''[[de facto]]'' executive authority rests with the chief minister. Following elections to the [[State Legislative Assembly (India)|state legislative assembly]], the state's governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose [[Cabinet (government)|council of ministers]] are [[Cabinet collective responsibility|collectively responsible]] to the assembly. Given the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to no [[term limit]]s.<ref>{{cite book|last=Basu|first=Durga Das|author-link=Durga Das Basu|title=Introduction to the Constitution of India|orig-year=1st pub. 1960|edition=20th|year=2011|pages=241–245|publisher=LexisNexis Butterworths Wadhwa Nagpur|isbn=978-81-8038-559-9}} Note: although the text talks about Indian state governments in general, it applies for the specific case of Chhattisgarh as well.</ref>

{{as of|2020|3}}, nine people from the CPI(M) have held the position of a chief minister — four in Kerala, three in Tripura, and two in West Bengal, out of which only one — [[Pinarayi Vijayan]] is incumbent.

==Chief ministers from the Communist Party of India (Marxist)==
;Key
*{{legend inline|1 = #faecc8|text = {{asterisk}}}} – Incumbent chief minister

{| class="plainrowheaders wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|- align=center
!scope=col | State
!scope=col | Name
!scope=col | Portrait
!scope=col | Term(s)
!scope=col | Tenure(s){{efn|Sources:{{ubl|Kerala: Official website of Kerala Legislature<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/ginfo_5.htm|title=Chief Ministers|website=Kerala Legislature|access-date=8 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190808131008/http://www.niyamasabha.org/codes/ginfo_5.htm|archive-date=8 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>|West Bengal: Official website of West Bengal Legislative Assembly<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wbassembly.gov.in/html/permiChMin.html|title=Premiers and Chief Ministers of West Bengal|website=West Bengal Legislative Assembly|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312211800/http://wbassembly.gov.in/html/permiChMin.html|archive-date=12 March 2016|access-date=24 August 2018}} Note: The website link may not work as it has few glitches; only the archive link works. Also, the source has few errors regarding the tenure of Ajoy Kumar Mukherjee; the correct dates are provided in the "Origin and Growth" section of the given website.</ref>|Tripura: Legislative Bodies in India (an Indian government website) page on Tripura Legislative Assembly<ref>{{cite web|url=https://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/STATISTICAL/tripura.html|title=Tripura Legislative Assembly|website=Legislative Bodies in India|access-date=28 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127084001/https://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/STATISTICAL/tripura.html|archive-date=27 January 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> and a news article for the date of end of Manik Sarkar's term.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/biplab-kumar-deb-takes-oath-as-tripura-cm/article22992682.ece|title=Biplab Kumar Deb takes oath as Tripura CM|date=9 March 2018|access-date=8 August 2019|website=[[Business Line]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190809004415/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/biplab-kumar-deb-takes-oath-as-tripura-cm/article22992682.ece|archive-date=9 August 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>}}}}
|-
!scope=row rowspan=4|[[Kerala]]
!scope=row|{{sortname|E. M. S.|Namboodiripad}}
|[[File:E._M._S._Namboodiripad.jpg|100px|alt=A portrait of E.M.S. Namboodiripad]]
|2{{efn|Namboodiripad has served two terms as a chief minister; the first in 1957 as a CPI leader and second in 1967 as a CPI(M) leader.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/static/html/fl1507/15070040.htm|title=Farewell to EMS|website=Frontline|first=R.|last=Krishnakumar|location=Thiruvananthapuram|volume=15|issue=7|access-date=11 August 2019|date=4 April 1998|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190806010612/https://frontline.thehindu.com/static/html/fl1507/15070040.htm|archive-date=6 August 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>}}
|{{dts|format=dmy|1967|3|6}} – {{dts|format=dmy|1969|11|1}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1967|3|6|1969|11|1|}})}}
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|E. K.|Nayanar}}
|[[File:Ek_nayanar.jpeg|100px|A photograph of E.K. Nayanar]]
|3
|{{dts|format=dmy|1980|1|25|}} – {{dts|format=dmy|1981|10|20}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1980|1|25|1981|10|20}} )}} {{dts|format=dmy|1987|3|26}} – {{dts|format=dmy|1991|6|17}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1987|3|26|1991|6|17}})}} {{dts|format=dmy|1996|5|20}} – {{dts|format=dmy|2001|5|13}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1996|5|20|2001|5|13}})}}
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|V. S.|Achuthanandan}}
|[[File:Vs_achutanandann.jpg|100px|A photograph of V.S. Achutanandan]]
|1
|{{dts|format=dmy|2006|5|18}} – {{dts|format=dmy|2011|5|14}} {{small|({{age in years and days|2006|5|18|2011|5|14}})}}
|-
!scope=row style="background:#faecc8;text-align:center;" |{{sortname|Pinarayi|Vijayan}}*
|[[File:Pinarayi_Vijayan_1.jpg|100px]]
|2
|{{dts|format=dmy|2016|5|25}} – ''Incumbent''
{{small|({{age in years and days|2016|5|25}})}}
|-
!scope=row rowspan=3|[[Tripura]]
!scope=row|{{sortname|Nripen|Chakraborty}}
|[[File:Nripen_Chakraborty.jpg|100px]]
|2
|{{dts|format=dmy|1978|1|5}} – {{dts|format=dmy|1988|2|5}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1978|1|5|1988|2|5}})}}
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|Dasarath|Deb}}
|[[File:Dasarath_Deb1946.jpg|100px]]
|1
|{{dts|format=dmy|1993|4|10}} – {{dts|format=dmy|1998|3|11}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1993|4|10|1998|3|11}})}}
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|Manik|Sarkar}}
|[[File:Manik_Sarkar.jpg|100px|alt=A photograph of Manik Sarkar]]
|4
|{{dts|format=dmy|1998|3|11}} – {{dts|format=dmy|2018|3|9}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1998|3|11|2018|3|9}})}}
|-
!scope=row rowspan=2|[[West Bengal]]
!scope=row|{{sortname|Jyoti|Basu}}
|[[File:Jyoti_Basu_-_Calcutta_1996-12-21_089_Cropped.png|100px|alt=A portrait of Jyoti Basu]]
|5
|{{dts|format=dmy|1977|6|21}} – {{dts|format=dmy|2000|11|5}} {{small|({{age in years and days|1977|6|21|2000|11|5}})}}
|-
!scope=row|{{sortname|Buddhadeb|Bhattacharjee}}
|[[File:Buddhadev Bhattacharjee.jpg|100px|alt=A portrait of Buddhadeb Bhattacharya]]
|3
|{{dts|format=dmy|2000|11|6}} – {{dts|format=dmy|2011|5|13}} {{small|({{age in years and days|2000|11|6|2011|5|13}})}}
|-
|}

==See also==
*[[List of current Indian chief ministers]]
*[[List of current Indian deputy chief ministers]]
*[[List of longest-serving Indian chief ministers]]
*[[List of female chief ministers in India]]
*[[List of chief ministers from the Bharatiya Janata Party]]
*[[List of chief ministers from the Indian National Congress]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

===References===
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Official website|http://cpim.org/|name=Official website of the CPI(M)}}

{{Portal|Communism|India|Politics}}
{{Communist Party of India (Marxist) chief ministers}}
{{Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}
{{Current Indian chief ministers}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Communist Party of India Marxist chief ministers}}
[[Category:Chief ministers from Communist Party of India (Marxist)|*]]
[[Category:Lists of chief ministers of Indian states| ]]

List of governors of Telangana

2021-08-25T02:55:02Z

2409:4071:D82:712C:0:0:54CA:4612: /* List of governors of Telangana */

{{short description|Wikipedia list article}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2020}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = Governor
| insignia = Emblem of India.svg
| insigniasize =50px
| insigniacaption = '''Raj Bhavan'''
| flag = Flag of India.svg
| flagsize = 110px
| flagcaption = [[Flag of India]]
| flagborder = yes
| image =Dr-Tamilisai-Soundararajan.jpg
| incumbent = [[Tamilisai Soundararajan]]
| style = [[Excellency|Her Excellency]]
| residence = [[Raj Bhavan (Hyderabad)|Raj Bhavan, Hyderabad]]
| termlength =[[Term of office|Five Years]]
| appointer = [[President of India]]
| formation = {{start date and years ago|df=yes|2014|06|02|p=y|br=y}}
| inaugural = [[E. S. L. Narasimhan]] (additional charge)
| website = {{URL|http://governor.telangana.gov.in/}}
| body =Telangana
|incumbentsince =8 September 2019}}[[File:India_Telangana_locator_map.svg|upright|thumb|Telangana is in southern India.]]
{{Politics of Telangana}}
The '''Governor of Telangana''' is the nominal head and representative of the [[President of India]] in the state of [[Telangana]]. The Governor is appointed by the President for a term of 5 years.

Since 8 September 2019, [[Tamilisai Soundararajan]] is the [[Governor of Telangana]].

==Powers and functions==
{{See also|Governors of India#Powers and functions|l1=Powers and functions of the Governor}}
The Governor enjoys many different types of powers:

*'''Executive powers''' related to administration, appointments and removals,
*'''Legislative powers''' related to lawmaking and the state legislature, that is Vidhan Sabha or Vidhan Parishad, and
*'''Discretionary powers''' to be carried out according to the discretion of the Governor.

==List of governors of Telangana==
This is a list of '''governors of Telangana''' since 2019. The [[official residence]] of the Governor is [[Raj Bhavan, Hyderabad|Raj Bhavan]], situated in the state capital [[Hyderabad]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/politics/trs-chief-kcr-to-be-sworn-in-as-first-cm-of-telangana-on-monday/|title=TRS chief KCR to be sworn-in as first CM of Telangana on Monday|date=1 June 2014|newspaper=The Indian Express|agency=Press Trust of India|access-date=20 February 2020}}</ref><ref>[http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/common-governor-of-telangana-andhra-to-oversee-law-and-order-in-hyderabad-post-bifurcation/1/328199.html Common Governor of Telangana, Andhra to oversee law and order in Hyderabad post bifurcation: South, News - India Today]</ref>

{|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:74%; text-align:center"
! class="unsortable"|S.No.
! width=50 class="unsortable"|Portrait
! class="unsortable" ! style="width:17%;"|Name {{small|(birth–death)}}
! colspan=3 style="width:35%;"|Term of office<ref name="term">The ordinal number of the term being served by the person specified in the row in the corresponding period</ref>
! Previous post
! class="unsortable"|Appointed by
|-
| '''–'''
| rowspan = "2" | [[File:E.S.L. Narasimhan.jpg|75px]]
! [[E. S. L. Narasimhan]] ''(additional charge)'' (born 1945)
| 2 June 2014
| 23 July 2019
| 1st ({{age in years and days|2014|06|02|2019|07|23}})
| rowspan = "2" | [[List of governors of Andhra Pradesh|Governor of Andhra Pradesh]]
| rowspan = "2" | [[Pranab Mukherjee]]
|-
| '''1'''
! [[E. S. L. Narasimhan]] (born 1945)
| 24 July 2019
| 7 September 2019
| 2nd ({{age in years and days|2019|07|24|2019|09|07}})
|-
| '''2'''
| [[File:Dr-Tamilisai-Soundararajan.jpg|75px]]
! [[Tamilisai Soundararajan]] (born 1961)
| 8 September 2019
| ''Incumbent''
| 1st ({{age in years and days|2019|09|08}})
| President of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], [[Tamil Nadu]]
| [[Ram Nath Kovind]]
|-
|}

;Timeline
<onlyinclude>
{{#tag:timeline|
ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:50
PlotArea = top:10 bottom:50 right:130 left:20
AlignBars = late

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy
Period = from:2014 till:2024
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:2014

Colors =
id:GP value:red legend: Acting
id:PA value:blue legend: Appointed
Legend = columns:2 left:150 top:24 columnwidth:100

BarData =
barset:TSG

PlotData=
width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till
barset:TSG

from: 02/06/2014 till: 23/07/2019 color:GP text:"[[E. S. L. Narasimhan|Narasimhan]] (2014 – 2019)"
from: 24/07/2019 till: 07/09/2019 color:PA text:"[[E. S. L. Narasimhan|Narasimhan]] (2019 – 2019)"
from: 08/09/2019 till: {{#time:d/m/Y}} color:PA text:"[[Tamilisai Soundararajan|Soundararajan]] (2019 – present)"
}}</onlyinclude>

==See also==
* [[Telangana]]
* [[List of chief ministers of Telangana]]
* [[Governors of India]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==

{{Governors_and_Lt_Governors_of_Indian_States}}

[[Category:Lists of governors of Indian states|Telangana]]
[[Category:Governors of Telangana]]
[[Category:Telangana-related lists|G]]

Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha

2021-08-24T18:17:52Z

2409:4071:D82:712C:0:0:54CA:4612:

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2013}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2013}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = Deputy Chairman
| body = Rajya Sabha
| native_name = {{lang|hi-Latn|राज्य सभा के उपाध्यक्ष}}
| flag = Flag of India.svg
| flagsize = 110px
| flagcaption = [[Flag of India]]
| insignia = Emblem of India.svg
| insigniasize = 50px
| insigniacaption = [[State Emblem of India]]
| image = [[File:Harivansh Narayan Singh.jpg|150px]]
| imagesize =
| incumbent = [[Harivansh Narayan Singh]]
| incumbentsince = 14 September 2020
| style = [[The Honourable]]
| appointer = Members of the [[Rajya Sabha]]
| termlength = Six years
| inaugural = [[S. V. Krishnamoorthy Rao]] {{small|(1952–1962)}}
| formation = 31 May 1952
| salary =
|member_of = [[Rajya Sabha]]
|reports_to = [[Parliament of India]]
|residence = 14, [[Akbar Road]], [[New Delhi]], [[Delhi]], [[India]]<ref>http://rsintranet.nic.in/intrars/staff_benifit/tel_directory.pdf</ref>
|seat = 32, GF, [[Parliament House (India)|Parliament House]], [[Sansad Marg]], New Delhi, Delhi, India<ref>http://rsintranet.nic.in/intrars/staff_benifit/tel_directory.pdf</ref>
| website = {{Official website}}
}}
{{Politics of India}}

The '''Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha''' ([[International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration|IAST]]: {{lang|hi-Latn|Rājya Sabhā ke Upādhyakṣa}}) presides over the proceedings of the [[Rajya Sabha]] in the absence of the [[Chairman of the Rajya Sabha]]. The Deputy Chairman is elected internally by the Rajya Sabha.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/intro/p1.htm
|title=Introduction to the Parliament of India
|publisher=[[Parliament of India]]
|access-date=11 August 2017
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110517025653/http://www.parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/intro/p1.html
|archive-date=17 May 2011
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>

==List of Deputy Chairmen of the Rajya Sabha==
{| class="wikitable sortable" border="1"
|-
!rowspan=2| {{Abbr|No.|Number}}
!rowspan=2| Deputy Chairman<ref name="listonrs">{{cite web |title= Former Deputy Chairmen of the Rajya Sabha |publisher=Rajya Sabha |url=http://rajyasabha.nic.in/rsnew/deputy_chairman/former_deputy_chairmen.asp}}</ref>
!rowspan=2| Portrait
!colspan=2| Term
!rowspan=2 colspan=2| Party
|-
! From
! To
|-
|rowspan=2 | 1
|rowspan=2 | [[S. V. Krishnamoorthy Rao]]
|rowspan=2 |
| 31 May 1952
| 2 April 1956
|rowspan=4 | [[Indian National Congress]]
|width="4px" bgcolor="{{Indian National Congress/meta/color}}" rowspan=4|
|-
| 25 April 1956
| 1 March 1962
|-
|rowspan=2 | 2
|rowspan=2 | [[Violet Alva]]
|rowspan=2 | [[File:Violet Alva stamp (cropped).jpg|90px]]
| 19 April 1962
| 2 April 1966
|-
| 7 April 1966
| 16 November 1969
|-
| 3
| [[B. D. Khobragade]]
| [[File:Rajabhau Khobragade stamp (cropped).jpg|90px]]
| 17 December 1969
| 2 April 1972
| [[Republican Party of India]]
|width="4px" bgcolor="{{Republican Party of India/meta/color}}" rowspan=1|
|-
|rowspan=2 | 4
|rowspan=2 | [[Godey Murahari]]
|rowspan=2 |
| 13 April 1972
| 02 April 1974
|rowspan=2 | [[Samyukta Socialist Party]]
|width="4px" bgcolor="{{Samyukta Socialist Party/meta/color}}" rowspan=2|
|-
| 26 April 1974
| 20 March 1977
|-
| 5
| [[Ram Niwas Mirdha]]
| [[File:Ram Niwas Mirdha (cropped).jpg|90px]]
| 30 March 1977
| 2 April 1980
|rowspan=12 | [[Indian National Congress]]
|width="4px" bgcolor="{{Indian National Congress/meta/color}}" rowspan=12|
|-
|rowspan=2 | 6
|rowspan=2 | [[Shyamlal Yadav]]
|rowspan=2 |
| 30 July 1980
| 4 April 1982
|-
| 28 April 1982
| 29 December 1984
|-
| 7
| [[Najma Heptullah]]
| [[File:Najma Heptulla.jpg|90px]]
| 25 January 1985
| 20 January 1986
|-
| 8
| [[M. M. Jacob]]
| [[File:M.M. Jacob photo.jpg|90px]]
| 26 February 1986
| 22 October 1986
|-
| 9
| [[Pratibha Patil]]
| [[File:Pratibha Patil 2012-02-27.jpg|90px]]
| 18 November 1986
| 5 November 1988
|-
|rowspan=3 | (7)
|rowspan=3 | [[Najma Heptullah]]
|rowspan=3 | [[File:Najma A. Heptulla presenting the Badalte Qadam Award to the Cinematographer, Doordarshan, Ms. Jayshree Puri, at the Best Achievers Award Ceremony, organised by the Child Care & Welfare Foundation, in New Delhi (cropped).jpg|90px]]
| 18 November 1988
| 4 July 1992
|-
| 10 July 1992
| 4 July 1998
|-
| 9 July 1998
| 10 June 2004
|-
|rowspan=2 | 10
|rowspan=2 | [[K. Rahman Khan]]
|rowspan=2 | [[File:K Rahman Khan (cropped).jpg|90px]]
| 22 July 2004
| 2 April 2006
|-
| 12 May 2006
| 2 April 2012
|-
| 11
| [[P. J. Kurien]]
| [[File:P. J. Kurien portrait.jpg|90px]]
| 21 August 2012
| 1 July 2018
|-
| rowspan="2" | 12
| rowspan="2" | [[Harivansh Narayan Singh]]
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Harivansh Narayan Singh.jpg|90px]]
| 09 August 2018
| 09 April 2020
| rowspan="2" | [[Janata Dal (United)]]
| rowspan="2" width="4px" bgcolor="{{Janata Dal (United)/meta/color}}" |
|-
|14 September 2020
|''Incumbent''
|}

==See also==
*[[Vice President of India]] (Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha)
*[[Speaker of the Lok Sabha]]
*[[Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha]]
*[[Leader of the House in Rajya Sabha]]
*[[Leader of the Opposition in Rajya Sabha]]
*[[Leader of the House in Lok Sabha]]
*[[Leader of the Opposition in Lok Sabha]]

==References==
<references/>

==External links==
* {{cite web|url=http://rajyasabha.nic.in/rsnew/deputy_chairman/former_deputy_chairmen.asp|title=Former Deputy Chairmen of the Rajya Sabha|website=[[Rajya Sabha]]}}

{{Deputy Chairmen of the Rajya Sabha}}
{{Parliament of India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Deputy ubs}}
[[Category:Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha| ]]
[[Category:Rajya Sabha]]
[[Category:Chairs of upper houses|India]]
[[Category:Members of the Rajya Sabha|*]]
[[Category:Lists of political office-holders in India]]
[[Category:Lists of members of the Rajya Sabha| ]]
[[Category:Lists of legislative speakers in India]]

{{India-gov-stub}}

Rajani Rai

2021-08-24T14:08:20Z

2409:4071:D82:712C:0:0:54CA:4612:

{{More citations needed|date=February 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2017}}
'''Rajani Rai''' was a former [[Lieutenant Governor of Puducherry]] and an academic.<ref>{{cite web|title=Address by Her Excellency the Lieutenant-Governor Dr. Rajani Rai at 49th N.D.C. Meeting, 1st September 2001, Vigyan Bhavan, New Delhi|url=https://pandr.py.gov.in/sites/default/files/49-ndc.pdf|publisher=Planning and Research Department, Government of Puducherry, India|accessdate=30 June 2021}}</ref> She was governor from 23 April 1998 to 29 July 2002.<ref>{{cite web|title=Former Pondicherry governor Rajani Rai passes away|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/nagpur/Former-Pondicherry-governor-Rajani-Rai-passes-away/articleshow/22151131.cms|publisher=S9 Biography|accessdate=28 November 2020}}</ref> She was from [[Nagpur]], [[Maharashtra]]. She was a member of leader of the [[Bharatiya Jana Sangh]] and [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]. She passed away August 29, 2013.<ref>{{cite web|title=Former Lt Governor of Puducherry Rajni Rai passes away|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/former-lt-governor-of-puducherry-rajni-rai-passes-away-113082900541_1.html|publisher=Business Standard|accessdate=30 June 2021}}</ref>

==References==
<references />

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070928060840/http://www.pon.nic.in/open/govern/BIO_LG.htm https://web.archive.org/web/20070928060840/http://www.pon.nic.in/open/govern/BIO_LG.htm]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rai, Rajani}}
[[Category:Politicians from Nagpur]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women politicians]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:Lieutenant Governors of Puducherry]]
[[Category:Women state governors of India]]
[[Category:Women in Puducherry politics]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women politicians]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Jana Sangh politicians]]
[[Category:Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:2013 deaths]]

{{Puducherry-politician-stub}}

Chandrawati

2021-08-24T14:04:26Z

2409:4071:D82:712C:0:0:54CA:4612: /* Political career */

{{short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Chandrawati
| image =
| office = Member of the Parliament, Lok Sabha
|constituency = [[Bhiwani (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bhiwani constituency]]
| term_start = 1977
| term_end = 1980
| predecessor =
| successor =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1928|01|08|df=y}}
| birth_place = Dalavas Village, [[Charkhi Dadri]] Tehsil, [[Bhiwani District]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|2020|11|15|1928|01|08|df=y}}
|death_place = [[Pt. B.D. Sharma PGIMS Rohtak]]
| education =
| party= [[Indian National Congress]]
|otherparty = [[Janata Party]]
| spouse=
| children =
}}
'''Chandrawati''' (8 January 1928 – 15 November 2020) was an Indian politician.

==Early life==
She was born in 1928 in Dalawas village, [[Bhiwani district]], East Punjab. Her father, Hazarilal Sheoran, served in the [[Indian Army]].{{citation needed|date=September 2016}}

==Political career==
She was the first woman member of [[Haryana Vidhan Sabha]] and also the first woman member of parliament from Haryana. She was [[Lieutenant Governor]] of [[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]] from 19 February 1990 to 18 December 1990.<ref>{{cite web|title=PONDICHERRY LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY|url=http://legislativebodiesinindia.nic.in/STATISTICAL/pondicherry.HTML|publisher=National Informatics Centre|accessdate=22 December 2012}}</ref> Earlier, she was a minister (1964–66 and 1972–74) in the [[Government of Haryana]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Worldwide Guide to Women in Leadership|url=http://www.guide2womenleaders.com/Governors1990.htm|publisher=guide2womenleaders|accessdate=22 December 2012}}</ref> In 1977, she was elected to the [[6th Lok Sabha]] as MP for the [[Bhiwani (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bhiwani constituency]] as a [[Janata Party]] candidate, defeating Defense Minister [[Bansi Lal]].<ref>{{cite web|title=sixth Loksabha Members|url=http://164.100.47.132/lssnew/Members/womenar.aspx?lsno=6|publisher=National Informatics Center|accessdate=22 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021124658/http://164.100.47.132/lssnew/Members/womenar.aspx?lsno=6|archive-date=21 October 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> She died on 15 November 2020.<ref>{{cite web|title=Haryana''s first woman MP Chandrawati dies at 92|url=https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/haryanas-first-woman-mp-chandrawati-dies-at-92/1976311|date=15 November 2020|accessdate=15 November 2020|publisher=Outlook India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Haryana’s first woman MP Chandrawati passes away|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/haryanas-first-woman-mp-chandrawati-dies-at-92/article33102474.ece|date=15 November 2020|accessdate=15 November 2020|publisher=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>

During 1964–66 and 1972–74 she was Minister of State in Haryana, 1977–79 President of Janata Party and 1982–85 Leader of the Opposition, and later a senior [[Indian National Congress]] leader in Haryana.{{citation needed|date=September 2016}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chandrawati}}
[[Category:1928 births]]
[[Category:2020 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Bhiwani district]]
[[Category:Lieutenant Governors of Puducherry]]
[[Category:Women state governors of India]]
[[Category:6th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Haryana]]
[[Category:Women in Haryana politics]]
[[Category:Women in Puducherry politics]]
[[Category:Janata Party politicians]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Opposition in Haryana]]
[[Category:Members of the Haryana Legislative Assembly]]
[[Category:State cabinet ministers of Haryana]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Haryana]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women politicians]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian politicians]]
[[Category:Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in India]]
[[Category:Lok Dal politicians]]

{{Haryana-INC-politician-stub}}