Udalguri district

2022-07-01T17:42:15Z

2409:4065:13:5133:E5E8:922C:B25:745E: robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Udalguri district
| native_name_lang =
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Assam|District]] of [[Assam]]
| image_skyline = Paneri Tea Garden.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Paneri Tea Garden
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| image_map = {{maplink |frame=yes
|frame-width=225 |frame-height=225 |frame-align=center
|text= '''Udalguri district'''
|type=shape |id=Q321998
|stroke-colour=#C60C30
|stroke-width=2
|title= Udalguri district of Assam
|type2=line|id2=Q1164|stroke-width2=1|stroke-colour2=#0000ff|title2=Assam
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| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location in Assam
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| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|..Assam Flag(INDIA).png}} [[Assam]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Autonomous district council|Territorial Region]]
| subdivision_name2 = {{flagicon image|Emblem of Bodoland.png}} [[Bodoland]]
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| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Udalguri]]
| government_footnotes =
| leader_party =
| leader_title = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name = [[Mangaldoi (Lok Sabha constituency)|Mangaldoi]]
| leader_title1 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1 = [[Panery (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Panery]], [[Udalguri (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Udalguri]], [[Majbat (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Majbat]]
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| unit_pref = Metric


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| area_total_km2 = 1,852.16
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| population_total = 831,668
| population_as_of = 2011
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| population_density_km2 = auto
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| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
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| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 784509
| area_code = 03711
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-AS]]
| registration_plate = AS-27
| website = [http://udalguri.gov.in udalguri.gov.in]
| footnotes =
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bodo language|Bodo]] , [[Assamese language|Assamese]]
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}}

'''Udalguri district''' (Pron:ˌʊdʌlˈgʊəri), also known as Odalguri, is a district in the [[Bodoland Territorial Region]] of the state of [[Assam]] in [[Northeastern India]]. [[Udalguri]] town is the headquarters of the district.

==Etymology==
The name Udalguri, denotes a place surrounding the Udal tree (Udal, meaning a tree and Guri meaning surrounding area). Some authors are of the opinion that the name of the place became Udalguri as there was a hermitage of a sage named Uddalak Muni. Yet, another source mentions that the word has origins in the Boro language. From the Bodo words {{Transl|brx|ordla}} and {{Transl|brx|gundri}}, the name became {{Transl|brx|Ordlagundri}} > {{Transl|brx|Ordlagundi}} > {{Transl|brx|Odalguri}} > {{Transl|brx|Ugalguri}}. Bodo people still pronounce the name as Odalguri. In Bodo language {{Transl|brx|ordla}} means wide and spacious and {{Transl|brx|gundri}} means powdered object.<ref>http://udalguri.gov.in/districthistory.html {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref>

==History==
This district was formed on June 14, 2004<ref name='Statoids'>{{cite web | url = http://www.statoids.com/yin.html | title = Districts of India | access-date = 2011-10-11 | last = Law | first = Gwillim | date = 2011-09-25 | work = Statoids}}</ref> as one of the four districts under the [[Bodoland Territorial Council]]. This district was carved out by bifurcating [[Darrang district]].<ref name='Statoids'/> The territory of the present district was earlier Udalguri sub-division of the undivided district. There are Hindu, Christians and Muslim population living together in the district. This was a very peaceful place till mid 80s but various communal clashes took place from time to time. Late Jojaram Sharma was one of the prominent India freedom fighters from Assam lived here.

==Tourism==
Other than the multitude of culture and tradition of the various ethnic communities, the district has several tourist places. Some of the important ones are,

# Part of [[Orang National Park]]
# [[Bathouism|Bathou]] temple and Research centre in Odalguri District (All Bathou Mahasabha)
# Old [[Namghar]] (Assamese Worship Place) in Udalguri Town
# Tea gardens at Kachubil
# Old [[Hanuman]] temple in Udalguri Town
# Old [[Baptists|Baptist Christian church]] in Udalguri Town
# [[Bhairabkunda]] Picnic Spot<ref>{{Cite web|title=HOME|url=http://udalguri.gov.in/bhairabkunda.htm|website=udalguri.gov.in|access-date=2020-05-15}}</ref>
# [[Bhairabkunda|Gethsemane Man-made Forest]] (Bhairabkunda)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Afforestation changes life and landscape: How a district in Assam lost a forest, gained a future|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/afforestation-changes-life-and-landscape-how-a-district-in-assam-lost-a-forest-gained-a-future-4997615/|date=2017-12-25|website=The Indian Express|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Unknown saviors of the environment: Thirty-five men create a forest from barren land|url=https://news.mongabay.com/2020/01/unknown-saviors-of-the-environment-thirty-five-men-create-a-forest-from-barren-land/|date=2020-01-24|website=Mongabay Environmental News|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Joint Forest Management Committee attempts transforming 60 hectares land into green jungle- Sentinelassam|url=https://www.sentinelassam.com/north-east-india-news/assam-news/joint-forest-management-committee-attempts-transforming-60-hectares-land-into-green-jungle/|last=Desk|first=Sentinel Digital|date=2019-07-15|website=www.sentinelassam.com|language=en|access-date=2020-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Man-made forest at Bhairabkunda|url=https://www.assamtimes.org/node/17310|date=2016-07-20|website=Assam Times|language=en|access-date=2020-05-15}}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=72,515|13=1911|14=72,634|15=1921|16=81,624|17=1931|18=1,02,727|19=1941|20=1,38,593|21=1951|22=1,72,046|23=1961|24=2,78,788|25=1971|26=4,39,022|27=1991|28=6,92,919|29=2001|30=7,58,746|31=2011|32=8,31,668|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}According to the 2011 census Udalguri district's population is 8,31,668, an increase of 9.8% over 2001.<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web |url=http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php |title= District Census 2011 |publisher=Census2011.co.in }}</ref> The literacy rate is 66.6% and the gender ratio is 966.<ref name=districtcensus/> There are {{convert|449|PD/sqkm}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 4.55% and 32.15% of the population respectively.

The district is multi-ethnic and multi-religious in nature. [[Bodo people|Bodos]] forms the largest ethnic group in the district with 33.76% of the district's population. Other ethnic groups with significant population are [[Tea-tribes of Assam|Adivasi]] community with almost 23.12% and [[Bengali Muslims]] with 12% of the district's population. Assamese and [[Bengali Hindus]] resides mainly in urban areas. There is also a presence of sizeable [[Nepali language|Nepali]] speaking [[Indian Gorkha]] community with estimated 5% of the district's population thinly scattered across the Udalguri district.

=== Religion ===
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Udalguri district (2011)<ref name=districtcensus/>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in Assam|Hinduism]]|darkorange|73.64}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in Assam|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|13.25}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in Assam|Islam]]|#008000|12.66}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.45}}
}}
Hindus are the largest group in the district, making up 612,425 which is 73.64% of the population. There are also 110,215 Christians (13.25%) and 108,319 Muslims (12.66%) in the district.

=== Languages ===
{{Pie chart
|caption = Languages of Udalguri district (2011)
|label1 = [[Boro language (India)|Boro]] |value1 = 26.90 |color1 = royalblue
|label2 = [[Assamese language|Assamese]] |value2 = 22.62 |color2 = gold
|label3 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]] |value3 = 19.43 |color3 = saddlebrown
|label4 = [[Sadri language|Sadri]] |value4 = 7.88 |color4 = red
|label5 = [[Nepali language|Nepali]] |value5 = 5.60 |color5 = pink
|label6 = [[Santali language|Santali]] |value6 = 2.79 |color6 = teal
|label7 = [[Odia language|Odia]] |value7 = 2.64 |color7 = firebrick
|label8 = [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]] |value8 = 2.08 |color8 = darkslateblue
|label9 = [[Hindi]] |value9 = 1.66 |color9 = orange
|label10 = [[Mundari language|Mundari]] |value10 = 1.57 |color10 = mediumturquoise
|label11 = [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] |value11 = 1.45 |color11 = peachpuff
|label12 = Others |value12 = 5.38 |color12 = grey
}}
According to the 2011 census, 26.90% of the population speaks [[Boro language (India)|Boro]], 22.62% [[Assamese language|Assamese]], 19.43% [[Bengali language|Bengali]], 7.88% [[Sadri language|Sadri]], 5.6% [[Nepali language|Nepali]], 2.79% [[Santali language|Santali]], 2.64% [[Odia language|Odia]], 2.08% [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]], 1.66% [[Hindi]], 1.57% [[Mundari language|Mundari]] and 1.45% [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] as their first language.<ref name="censuslang">{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue - Udalguri|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1800.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=17 July 2021}}</ref>

==Geography==
This district is bounded by [[Bhutan]] and [[West Kameng|West Kameng district]] of [[Arunachal Pradesh]] state in the north, [[Sonitpur district]] in the east, [[Darrang district]] in the south and [[Tamulpur district]] in the west. Area of the district is 1852.16 km<sup>2</sup>.<ref>[http://assamgovt.nic.in/districts/district.asp?distID=19 Assam state website – Udalguri district]</ref>

===Major Towns===
Tangla is the largest town in Udalguri district. Other towns include Odalguri, Rowta, Mazbat, Kalaigaon, Paneri, Khairabari and Bhergaon.

===Wildlife Sanctuary===
*[[Bornadi Wildlife Sanctuary]] (Part)

===Flora and fauna===
In 1990, Udalguri district became home to [[Bornadi Wildlife Sanctuary]], which has an area of {{convert|26.22|km2|mi2|abbr=on|1}}.<ref name=parks>{{cite web|author=Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment|title=Protected areas: Assam|url=http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm|access-date=September 25, 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823163836/http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm|archive-date=August 23, 2011}}</ref> It shares the park with four other districts.

Animals like elephants, Hog Deer, Tiger, Wild Boar, Civet, etc. are found. Birds like Bengal Florican, Black-necked Stork, Greater Adjudant Stork, Pallas's Fishing Eagle and Reptiles such as King Cobra, Python, Paradise Flying Snake,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Flying snake found at Bhairabkunda|url=https://www.assamtimes.org/node/16643|date=2016-04-03|website=Assam Times|language=en|access-date=2020-05-15}}</ref> Lessemys Punctate, etc. can also be found.

==Administration==
===Divisions===
The district has two sub-divisions: Udalguri and Bhergaon. These two sub-divisions are further divided into 5 revenue circles: Udalguri, Majbat, [[Harisinga]], [[Kalaigaon]], [[Khoirabari]].

Three Vidhan Sabha constituencies of this district are [[Paneri]], Majbat, and Udalguri. All of these are part of [[Mangaldoi (Lok Sabha constituency)|Mangaldoi Lok Sabha constituency]].

Apart from these three Legislative Assembly constituencies, majority of the villages under Kalaigaon Legislative Assembly Constituency and a few villages fall under the Borsola Legislative Assembly Constituency fall in Udalguri District. While Kalaigaon LAC is a part of Mangaldai Lok Sabha Constituency and Borsola LAC is a part of [[Tezpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Tezpur Lok Sabha Constituency]].

Dhansiri Irrigation Project, the largest irrigation project in the region is situated in Udalguri.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://udalguri.gov.in Udalguri district website]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Udalguri district
|North = {{flag|Bhutan}}
|Northeast = [[West Kameng district]], [[Arunachal Pradesh]]
|East = [[Sonitpur district]]
|Southeast =
|South = [[Darrang district]]
|Southwest =
|West = [[Kamrup district]]
|Northwest = [[Baksa district]]
}}

{{Assam}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|26|44|42.72|N|92|05|46.32|E|display=title}}

[[Category:Udalguri district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Assam]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 2004]]
[[Category:2004 establishments in Assam]]
[[Category:Bodoland]]

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Udalguri district