Munger

2021-08-28T17:00:15Z

2409:4064:4D16:DC92:D283:7A64:14EE:BBE:

{{About|the municipality in [[Bihar]] state, India|its namesake district|Munger district}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name = Munger
|native_name =
|native_name_lang =
|other_name =
|nickname = Yoga Nagri<ref>{{cite web |title=Economy {{!}} Munger District, Government of Bihar {{!}} India |url=https://munger.nic.in/economy/ |website=munger.nic.in |access-date=17 March 2021}}</ref>
|settlement_type = [[Urban Agglomeration]]
|image_skyline = MungerFort.jpg
|caption = [[Munger Fort]]
|pushpin_map = India Bihar#India
|pushpin_label_position = right
|pushpin_map_caption = Location in Bihar, India
|coordinates = {{coord|25.381|N|86.465|E|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Munger district|Munger]]
|subdivision_type3 = [[List of divisons of India|Division]]
|founder = [[Chandragupta Maurya]]
|established_title = Established
|established_date =
|government_type = [[Municipal Corporation]]
|governing_body = Munger Municipal Corporation
|leader_title = [[Mayor of Mumbai|Mayor]]
|leader_name = Ruma Raj
|leader_title2 = [[Municipal Commissioner (India)|Municipal Commissioner]]
|population_demonym = Mungeri
|leader_name2 = Srikant Shastri,IAS <ref>{{cite news |title=बिहार में चार IAS अफसरों का तबादला, श्रीकांत शास्त्री बने मुंगेर नगर निगम आयुक्त |url=https://www.jagran.com/bihar/patna-city-three-ias-officers-transferred-in-bihar-shree-kant-becomes-municipal-corporation-commissioner-19027986.html |access-date=16 August 2019 |work=[[Dainik Jagran]] |date=9 March 2019 |language=hi}}</ref>
|unit_pref = Metric
|area_total_km2 = 17
|area_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web|title=Munger City|url=https://nagarseva.bihar.gov.in/udhd/cache/SHOW_DOCS/Final%20CDP%20Munger.pdf|website=nagarseva.bihar.gov.in|access-date=22 November 2020}}</ref>
|elevation_m = 43
|population_total = 213,101 (City area)
|population_as_of = 2011
|population_rank = 11th in Bihar
|population_density_km2 = auto
|population_footnotes =<ref name="2011 census data">{{cite web|title=Census of India Search details|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=254543|publisher=censusindia.gov.in|access-date=10 May 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518133015/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=254543|archive-date=18 May 2015}}</ref>
| demographics_type1 = [[Language]]
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=3 January 2019 |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Additional official
| demographics1_info2 = [[Urdu]]<ref name="langoff"/>
| demographics1_title3 = Others
| demographics1_info3 = [[English language|Angika]], [[hindi]], [[English language|English]], [[Maithili language|Maithili]]
|timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
|utc_offset1 = +5:30
|postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
|postal_code = 811201 to 811214 , 813201
|area_code_type = Telephone code
|area_code = +91-6344
|registration_plate = BR-08
|website = {{URL|Munger.nic.in}}
|footnotes =
}}
'''Munger''' is a [[twin cities|twin city]] and a [[Municipal Corporation]] situated in the [[Indian state]] of [[Bihar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://urban.bih.nic.in/Docs/CDP/CDP-Munger.pdf|title=CDP Munger|publisher=Urban department, Government of Bihar|access-date=31 December 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303215204/http://urban.bih.nic.in/Docs/CDP/CDP-Munger.pdf|archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref> It is the administrative headquarters of [[Munger district]] and [[Munger Division]].

Historically, Munger is known for being an ancient seat of rule. The twin city comprises Munger and [[Jamalpur, Munger|Jamalpur]] situated on the southern bank of the river [[Ganges]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://urban.bih.nic.in/Docs/CDP/CDP-Jamalpur.pdf|title=CDP Jamalpur|work=Urban Department, Government of Bihar|access-date=31 December 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160509133101/http://urban.bih.nic.in/Docs/CDP/CDP-Jamalpur.pdf|archive-date=9 May 2016}}</ref> It is situated 60 km west of [[Bhagalpur]], and 180 km east of capital city [[Patna]].
[[File:Gangariver 23220.jpg|thumb|Kastaharni Ghat]]
Munger is said to have been founded by the Guptas (4th century CE) and contains a fort that houses the tomb of the Muslim saint Shah Mushk Nafā (died 1497). In 1763 Mīr Qasīm, nawab of Bengal, made Munger his capital and built an arsenal and several palaces. It was constituted a municipality in 1864.

==Geography==
===Climate===
The climate of Munger is subtropical (warm in summer and cold during winter). The [[Köppen climate classification]] sub-type for this climate is [[humid subtropical]].<ref name=weatherbase/>
{{weather box
|width=82%
|location = Munger, India
|single line = yes
|metric first= yes
|Jan high F = 74.3
|Feb high F = 79.6
|Mar high F = 90.5
|Apr high F = 98.6
|May high F = 100.3
|Jun high F = 95.9
|Jul high F = 89.4
|Aug high F = 88.1
|Sep high F = 88.7
|Oct high F = 87.5
|Nov high F = 81.9
|Dec high F = 75.6
|year high F = 87.5
|Jan low F = 48.9
|Feb low F = 53.4
|Mar low F = 62.4
|Apr low F = 71.3
|May low F = 76.3
|Jun low F = 77.7
|Jul low F = 76.8
|Aug low F = 76.6
|Sep low F = 75.5
|Oct low F = 69.7
|Nov low F = 57.9
|Dec low F = 50
|year low F = 66.4
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.6
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.7
|Mar precipitation inch = 0.5
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.5
|May precipitation inch = 1.6
|Jun precipitation inch = 6.8
|Jul precipitation inch = 11.7
|Aug precipitation inch = 11
|Sep precipitation inch = 8.9
|Oct precipitation inch = 3.2
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.2
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.1
|year precipitation inch = 45.7
|source 1= weatherbase<ref name=weatherbase>{{cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=595655&cityname=Munger-Bihar-India|publisher=weatherbase|title=weatherbase.com|year=2014|access-date=31 December 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170712124950/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=595655&cityname=Munger-Bihar-India|archive-date=12 July 2017}}
Retrieved on 8 April 2014.
</ref>
|date=April 2014
}}

==Demographics==
As per 2011 census, Munger Municipal Corporation has a total population of 213,101 out of which 113,173 were males and 99,928 were females. It had a sex ratio of 883. The population between 0 to 6 years was 29,260. The literacy rate of the 7+ population was 81.83 per cent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|title=Cities having population 1 lakh and above|work=Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011|access-date=31 December 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507135928/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_2_PR_Cities_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|archive-date=7 May 2012}}</ref>

{{bar box
|title=Religion in Munger
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1= Religion
|riht1= percent
|float= right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|orange|81.01}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|18.02}}
{{bar percent|[[Christians]]|blue|0.20}}
{{bar percent|[[Sikhism]]|pink|0.04}}
{{bar percent|Others|black|0.34}}
|caption=Distribution of religions<ref>{{cite web|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_Online/Social_and_cultural/Religion.aspx|title=Census of india:Socio-cultural aspects|work=Government of India, Ministry of Home Affairs|access-date=9 March 2014}}{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>}}
{{See also|List of cities in Bihar}}

==Economy==
[[Indian Railways]] operates of Asia's largest and oldest railway workshops at [[Jamalpur Locomotive Workshop|Jamalpur]]. This was set up by the [[British Raj]] in 1862.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Minister-releases-stamp-on-Jamalpur-railway-workshop/articleshow/26488437.cms|author=Kumod Verma|title=Minister releases stamp on Jamalpur railway workshop|work=Times of India|agency=TNN|date=28 November 2013|access-date=31 December 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703215150/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Minister-releases-stamp-on-Jamalpur-railway-workshop/articleshow/26488437.cms|archive-date=3 July 2017}}</ref>

Munger has also ITC Factory established by British. Ordinance Gun Factory Munger , ITC Milk Dairy and many others.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}}

==Places of interest==
*[[Munger Fort]], covers an area of around 222 acres
*[[Chandika Sthan|Chandika Asthan]], a sacred Shakti-Peeth
*[[Kastaharni Ghat]] on the [[Ganges]]
*[[Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary]]
*[[Bihar School of Yoga]]
*Sita Kund hotspring<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sita Kund {{!}} Munger District, Government of Bihar {{!}} India|url=https://munger.nic.in/tourist-place/sita-kund/|access-date=1 November 2020|language=en-US}}</ref>
*Rishi Kund hotspring<ref>{{Cite news|title=कुदरत का करिश्मा, ठंड में भी यहां बहता है गर्म पानी|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/news/bihar/article1-rishikund-in-munger-natural-beauty-and-famous-for-hot-water-575146.html|access-date=1 November 2020|work=Hindustan|language=hi|date=13 October 2016}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Bihar|first=Incredible Munger|date=28 December 2018|title=10 best places to visit in Munger during new year|url=http://im-bihar.in/2018/12/28/10-best-places-to-visit-in-munger-during-new-year/|access-date=1 November 2020|website=IM-BIHAR|language=en-US}}</ref>
*Pir Pahar<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bihar|first=Incredible Munger|date=25 March 2020|title=Pir Pahar: The heritage site of Munger, Bihar|url=https://im-bihar.in/2020/03/25/pir-pahar-the-heritage-site-of-munger-bihar/|access-date=1 November 2020|website=IM-BIHAR|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0" />
*Jai Prakash Udyaan / Company Garden <ref name=":0" />
*Dolphin ECO Park for the conservation of [[South Asian river dolphin|Gangetic river dolphin]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=मुंगेर में इको पार्क का आनंद ले सकेंगे पर्यटक|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/bihar/munger/story-tourist-places-to-enjoy-eco-park-in-munger-1582600.html|access-date=1 November 2020|work=Hindustan|language=hi|date=5 October 2017}}</ref>
*[[Mir Qasim]]'s Tunnel<ref>{{Cite web|title=Mir Kasim Tunnel {{!}} Munger District, Government of Bihar {{!}} India|url=https://munger.nic.in/tourist-place/mir-kasim-tunnel/|access-date=1 November 2020|language=en-US}}</ref>
*Peer Shah Nafah Shrine<ref>{{Cite web|title=Pir Shah Nafah Shrine {{!}} Munger District, Government of Bihar {{!}} India|url=https://munger.nic.in/tourist-place/pir-shah-nafah-shrine/|access-date=1 November 2020|language=en-US}}</ref>
*Kharagpur Jheel (Lake) <ref name=":0" />
*Goenka Shivalaya / Machli Talab <ref>{{Cite web|title=Goyanka Shivalaya (Mirchi Talab) {{!}} Munger District, Government of Bihar {{!}} India|url=https://munger.nic.in/tourist-place/goyanka-shivalaya-mirchi-talab/|access-date=1 November 2020|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

==Transport==
===Rail===
[[File:MungerRailwayStation.jpg|thumb|left|[[Munger Railway Station]]]]

Munger has two railway stations known as: [[Jamalpur Junction]] and [[Munger Railway Station]]. The former is the main railhead for the city while the latter, which was earlier called Purabsarai Railway Station, acts as suburban facility. Stations are connected with [[Sahibganj Loop]].

The rail system provides connection to cities such as {{rws|New Delhi}}, , {{rws|Lokmanya Tilak Terminus}}, {{rws|Surat}}, {{rws|Yesvantpur Junction}}, {{rws|Jamshedpur}}, {{rws|Jammu Tawi}}, {{rws|Dibrugarh}}, {{rws|Guwahati}}, [[Lucknow Charbagh railway station|Lucknow]], [[Patna Junction|Patna]], {{rws|Ranchi}}, {{rws|Agartala}}, {{rws|Hyderabad}}, {{rws|Deoghar Junction}}, {{rws|Muzaffarpur Junction}} and {{rws|Dhanbad}}. The [[Munger Ganga Bridge]], which takes both rail and road-traffic, connects Munger to the nearby cities of {{rws|Begusarai}}, {{rws|Saharsa Junction}}, {{rws|Katihar}} and {{rws|Khagaria Junction}} as well as various districts of [[North Bihar]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Munger-railroad-bridge-likely-to-be-operational-by-2014-end/articleshow/19552527.cms|author=Kumod Verma|title=Munger bridge likely to be operational by 2014 year end|work=The Times of India|agency=TNN|date=15 April 2013|access-date=31 December 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208181950/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/Munger-railroad-bridge-likely-to-be-operational-by-2014-end/articleshow/19552527.cms|archive-date=8 December 2014}}</ref> The bridge is the third-largest rail-cum-road bridge in India.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.walkthroughindia.com/walkthroughs/10-top-impressive-rail-cum-road-bridges-of-india/|title=Top ten rail road bridges in india|work=Walk Through India|access-date=31 December 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413143727/http://www.walkthroughindia.com/walkthroughs/10-top-impressive-rail-cum-road-bridges-of-india/|archive-date=13 April 2014}}</ref>

===Road===
Munger is connected to major parts of [[India]] by various National and State Highways. The major cities of [[Bihar]] and [[Jharkhand]] - such as [[Patna]], [[Ranchi]], [[Bhagalpur]], [[Purnia]], [[Bihar sharif]], [[Muzaffarpur]], [[Jamshedpur]], [[Dhanbad]], [[Gaya (India)|Gaya]], [[Bokaro Steel City|Bokaro]] and [[Darbhanga]] - can be reached by {{jct|NH|33|country=IND}}, {{jct|NH|333B|country=IND}}, {{jct|NH|333A|country=IND}}, {{jct|NH|31|country=IND}} and {{jct|NH|333|country=IND}} and various state Highways. Regular bus service are provided by [[BSRTC]] for all the major cities and other destinations. Citybuses, Taxies, Autorikshaw, E-Rickshaw, etc. are available all the times in the entire city for transportation.

The [[Munger Ganga Bridge]] is under construction (Road part) and will link Munger to various districts of [[North Bihar]] and north-eastern India by 2021.{{citation needed|date=September 2016}}

===Air===
[[Munger Airport]] is located in Safyabad, which is 5 km from Munger. It was re-inaugurated by Chief Minister [[Nitish Kumar]] on 24 May 2016.<ref>{{cite news|title=मुख्यमंत्री ने हवाई अड्डा टर्मिनल का किया उद्घाटन |url=http://m.jagran.com/bihar/munger-14061672.html |date=24 May 2016 |location=Munger |work=[[Dainik Jagran]] |language=hi|access-date=30 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Nitish to open renovated airstrip| url=http://m.timesofindia.com/city/patna/nitish-to-open-renovated-airstrip/articleshow/52349577.cms |date= 19 May 2016 |location=Munger |author=Kashi Prasad |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=30 April 2017}}</ref> Munger has no international airport with commercial service. Domestic airport with commercial service is [[Jay Prakash Narayan Airport]] in [[Patna]] around 180 km away, which is served by all major airlines.

Nearest international airport is [[Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport]] in [[Kolkata]] Which is around 480 km away from Munger.

==Education==
*[[Bihar School of Yoga]] is one of the notable organizations in the field of Yoga established in 1964 by [[Satyananda Saraswati]].
*[[Indian Railway Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering]]
*[[Biswanath Singh Institute of Legal Studies]]
*[[Munger University]]

==Notable people==

*[[Nandalal Bose]], sculptor and painter
*[[George Browne, 6th Marquess of Sligo]] (1856–1935), Anglo-Irish aristocrat, born in Munger
*[[Mona Das]] - [[Washington State Senate]]
*[[Brahmanand Mandal]] - Former MP from [[Munger (Lok Sabha constituency)|Munger Lok Sabha constituency]]
*[[Wali Rahmani]] - General Secretary of [[All India Muslim Personal Law Board]] of [[India]]
*[[Ramdhari Singh Dinkar]], poet
*[[Monazir Hassan]] -four-time MLA from Munger and one-time [[Member of parliament (India)|member of the Indian Parliament]] in 15th Lok Sabha (2009 to 2014) and represented [[Begusarai]] ([[Begusarai (Lok Sabha constituency)|Lok Sabha constituency]]).<ref>{{Cite news|date=2 July 2018|first=Madan |last=Kumar|title=Former MP Monazir Hassan returns to JD(U) after a gap of four years|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/former-mp-monazir-hassan-returns-to-jdu-after-a-gap-of-four-years/articleshow/64831131.cms|access-date=12 November 2020|work=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
*[[Krishna Singh (politician)|Krishna Singh]], first [[List of Chief Ministers of Bihar|Chief Minister of Bihar]] and a freedom fighter
*[[Kumar Suresh Singh]], Director-General of [[Anthropological Survey of India]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Scholar of society|newspaper=Frontline|volume=23|issue=12|date=30 June 2006|url=http://www.flonnet.com/fl2312/stories/20060630006312500.htm|first=T. K.|last=Rajalakshmi|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611204439/http://www.flonnet.com/fl2312/stories/20060630006312500.htm|archive-date=11 June 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*[[Udit Narayan Singh]] of Shakarpura Raj [[Zamindari]]- local benefactor
*[[Niranjanananda Saraswati]], yoga Guru
*[[Satyananda Saraswati]], founder of [[Bihar School of Yoga]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
{{NIE Poster|Monghyr}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20151219044930/http://www.munger.bih.nic.in/ Munger District-Official Website]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150506061511/http://munger.nic.in/ Munger Official National Website]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170914174802/http://ceo.bihar.gov.in/electorsearchnew/ Election commission]
{{Munger Division}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Anga Desh]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Munger district]]
[[Category:Municipal corporations in Bihar]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Bihar]]

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Munger