Sonbhadra district

2022-06-05T12:28:25Z

2409:4063:4D9D:A590:149C:3FF7:9898:3DF8:

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Coord|24|41|23|N|83|3|55|E|display=title|type:city}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Sonbhadra district
| settlement_type = [[Districts of Uttar Pradesh|District]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name =
| image_map = India Uttar Pradesh districts 2012 Sonbhadra.svg
| map_caption = Location of Sonbhadra district in Uttar Pradesh
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint = Robertsganj
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = India
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of India|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Mirzapur division|Mirzapur]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date = 4 March 1989
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Robertsganj]]
| named_for = [[Son River]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 = [[Robertsganj]], [[Ghorawal]], [[Dudhi]], [[Obra, Uttar Pradesh|Obra]]
| area_total_km2 = 6,788
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 1,862,559
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 64 percent
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 918
| leader_title = [[District Magistrate]]
| leader_name = Chandra Vijay Singh ([[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]])
| leader_title1 = [[Superintendent of police (India)|Superintendent Of Police]]
| leader_name1 = Amrendra Prasad Singh ([[Indian Police Service|IPS]])
| leader_title2 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2 = [[Robertsganj (Lok Sabha constituency)|Robertsganj]]
| leader_title3 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name3 = [[Robertsganj]], [[Ghorawal]], [[Obra, Uttar Pradesh|Obra]], [[Dudhi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate = UP 64
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Roads in India|Major highways]]
| blank_info_sec1 = [[National Highway 39 (India)|NH 39]], [[List of state highways in Uttar Pradesh|SH 5A]], [[List of state highways in Uttar Pradesh|SH 5]]
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| website = http://sonbhadra.nic.in/
| official_name =
| image_skyline = IMG 20170706 130104 HDR.jpg
}}

'''Sonbhadra''' or ''Sonebhadra'' is the second largest district by area of [[Uttar Pradesh]] after [[Lakhimpur Kheri]]. It is the only district in India which borders four states, namely [[Madhya Pradesh]] to the west, [[Chhattishgarh]] to the south, [[Jharkhand]] in the south-east and [[Bihar]] to the north-east. The district has an area of {{cvt|6788|km2}} and a population of 1,862,559 (2011 census), with a population density of {{convert|270|pd/sqkm}}. It lies in the extreme south-east of the state, and is bounded by [[Mirzapur District]] to the northwest, [[Chandauli District]] to the north, [[Kaimur district|Kaimur]] and [[Rohtas district|Rohtas]] districts of Bihar state to the north-east, [[Garhwa district]] of [[Jharkhand]] state to the east, [[Balrampur district, Chhattisgarh|Balrampur District]] of [[Chhattisgarh]] state to the south, and [[Singrauli district]] of [[Madhya Pradesh]] state to the west. The district headquarters is in the town of [[Robertsganj]].
Sonbhadra district is an industrial zone and it has much bauxite, limestone, coal, gold, etc. It is called the "Energy Capital of India" because there are multiple power plants.<ref name="India's energy capital">{{cite web | author = Catch News| title =Sonbhadra Singrauli has all the ingredients Energy capital of India| url = http://www.catchnews.com/india-news/sonbhadra-singrauli-belt-is-called-india-s-power-capital-but-may-be-headed-for-a-disaster-1465284694.html | access-date = 7 June 2016 }}</ref>

Sonbhadra lies between [[Vindhya]] and [[Kaimur hills]], and its topology and natural environment prompted First Prime Minister of India [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] to refer to Sonbhadra as the "Switzerland of India".<ref name="Switzerland of India">{{cite web|work= Hindustan Times|title= Once hailed by PM Nehru for its beauty, 'India's Switzerland' lacks access to power, water, healthcare|url= https://m.hindustantimes.com/lucknow/once-hailed-by-pm-nehru-for-its-beauty-india-s-switzerland-lacks-access-to-power-water-healthcare/story-ezbhu8K8Dyt2ZDlHyjAVUL.html|access-date= 7 July 2018|date= 7 July 2018|author=Sudhir Kumar|quote=Country's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru was so taken up by the natural beauty of the region that he once described Sonbhadra as the "Switzerland of India."}}</ref>

[[File:Jawaharlal Nehru at Rihand Dam.jpg|thumb|right|[[Jawaharlal Nehru]] at inauguration of [[Rihand Dam]]]]
In 2018 Uttar Pradesh's chief minister [[Yogi Adityanath]] recognised Sonbhadra as a tourist hub in Purvanchal region and further promoted by Uttar Pradesh Tourism Department.<ref>{{cite news |title=Develop Sonbhadra as a tourism hub: Yogi |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/lucknow/develop-sonbhadra-as-a-tourism-hub-yogi/story-gHNwDMRu2Gpk57NYbJfVwM.html |access-date=14 April 2021 |work=Hindustan Times |date=13 September 2018 |language=en}}</ref>

In February 2020, a [[Press Trust of India]] (PTI) news report incorrectly claimed that [[Geological Survey of India]] (GSI) has found {{convert|3,000|tonne}} of gold deposits in Sonbhadra district. PTI later clarified on Twitter that the GSI had told PTI that there had been no such discovery of large gold deposits in the district.<ref>{{Cite tweet|user=PTI_News|author-link=Press Trust of India|number=1231221168125857792|title=Geological Survey of India tells PTI there has been no discovery of gold deposits estimated to be around 3,000 tonnes in Uttar Pradesh's Sonbhadra district, as claimed by district mining official|date=22 February 2020|access-date=22 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/no-discovery-of-around-3000-tonne-gold-deposits-in-ups-sonbhadra-says-gsi/article30888796.ece|title=No discovery of around 3,000-tonne gold deposits in U.P.'s Sonbhadra: GSI|date=22 February 2020|work=The Hindu|access-date=23 February 2020|others=PTI|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

==History==
The Valley of [[Son River|Son]] and [[Belan River|Belan]] Rivers abounds in caves which were the earliest dwellings of the primeval inhabitants. This area had been the centre of activities of pre-historic man which is evident from the rock paintings (pre-historic cave art) found in abundance in this region. These paintings are of the periods ranging from [[Mesolithic]] to [[Paleolithic]] ages.<ref name="Sonbhadra: Of Cave Paintings And Fossil Parks" />
[[File:Panchmukhi rock 1.jpg|thumb|Cave Paintings at [[Churk|Panchmukhi Hill]], [[Robertsganj]] in Sonbhadra]]
Based on evidence from religious and cultural perspectives of [[Ramayana]] and the [[Mahabharat]], Huyen found here is the cultural symbol. By [[Jarasandh]] many rulers in the Mahabharat were maintained prisoner here. [[Sonbhadra]], whose ancient name was Gramputra or [[Shivdwar|Gupt Kashi]], was built by the ancient king Putrak for his queen Paatali.<ref name="Foundation day of Sonbhadra" /> It is said that '[[Bhar]]s' had settlements along with [[Chero]], Searis and [[Kharwar]] communities in the district up to fifth century there was the rule of <nowiki>''Chandel Rajput''</nowiki> kings on [[Vijaygarh Fort]]. This district was famous as second [[Varanasi|Kashi]] during 11th to 13th centuries. In the 9th century B.C., the Brahmadutt dynasty was subdivided by Nagas. [[Kushan Empire|Kushan]] and [[Nāga|Naga]]s also held supremacy over this region before the advent of the [[Gupta Empire|Gupta period]]. After the death of [[Harsha|Harshvardhan]] in the latter half of the 7th century, it remained under the control of the [[Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty|Gurjara-Pratihar]]s till 1025 before they were driven out by [[Mahmud of Ghazni]]. This area was under the administration of various Governors of [[Mughal emperors]]. Some of the forts such as [[Agori Fort]] were under the control of Madan Shah.

During the 18th century, the district came under the control of the [[Narayan dynasty|Narayan]] rulers of [[Benares State]], who built or occupied several fortresses in the district. In the decade after 1775, the [[British India|British]] took over administrative control of most of the territory of the rajas of Benares. The British district of [[Mirzapur district|Mirzapur]] included present-day Mirzapur and Sonbhadra districts, with all of present-day Sonbhadra district included in Robertsganj tehsil.
On 4 March 1989, Sonbhadra district was divided from Mirzapur district.<ref name="Foundation day of Sonbhadra">{{cite web | author = Patrika| title =Foundation day of Sonbhadra History| url = https://m.patrika.com/sonbhadra-news/foundation-day-of-sonbhadra-1523331/| access-date = 4 March 2018
}}</ref>

===The forts located in the district===
* [[Agori Fort]]
* [[Vijaygarh Fort]]
* Sodhrigarh Durg

The heroine of Famous Novel [[Chandrakanta (novel)|Chandrakanta]] written by [[Devaki Nandan Khatri]] was the princess of [[Vijaygarh]] and the daughter of king Jay Singh.

===Paragnas of Sonbhadra===
[[Agori Fort|Agori]] Barhar an impartible estate, it originally comprised the present districts of Sonbhadra and part of Mirzapur district. It was divided into two parganas of [[Agori Fort|Agori]], which was {{cvt|18,477|km2}} and Barhar, which was {{cvt|11,290|km2}} in area, thus making it the largest estate in area in the [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh]]. Chandel Rajput Raja Paramardideva of [[Mahoba]], ancestor of the family and contemporary of Raja [[Prithviraj III]] of Delhi, who attacked Mahoba as the Raja was the ally of Raja Jaichand of Kannauj, and occupied it for a time. Raja Paramardi Deva fled for his life with his friends and family, and though Mahoba was re-occupied by the Raja with the help of Jaichand of Kannauj, the glory of the capital never returned. During this time one of the sons of Raja Paramardi Deva, called Ashajit, fled eastwards in the turmoil that followed. His sons or grand sons called Barimal and Bharimal, captured [[Agori Fort|Agori]] from the Kaharwar Raja and made themselves the independent rulers of [[Agori Fort|Agori]] and Barhar. The elder brother Barimal took the kingdom of Agori and Barhar, and the younger brother Bharimal became the independent ruler of Bardi (Princely state ruled by Chandel -Rajput ruler). Within this zamindari, sixteen talukas have been assigned for the maintenance of the Babus (collateral agnates).

Another Princely state in sonbhadra in [[Vijaygarh Fort|Vijaygarh]].it was also ruled by Chandel Dynasty after that by [[Narayan dynasty]].

The erstwhile Maharaja is [[His Highness]] Raj-Rajeshwar [[Maharajadhiraja]] [[Shri]] [[Maharaja]] Bhuvaneshwar Prasad Singh. His family were the rulers of Singrauli. Their rule extended from Singrauli to Sasaram in Bihar (includes Sonebhadra). With an area of about

==Geography==
[[File:Eco point Robertsganj.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Son View Point]]]]
The northern part of the district lies on a plateau of the [[Vindhya Range]], and is drained by tributaries of the Ganges including the [[Belan River|Belan]] and [[Karmanasa River|Karmanasha]] rivers. South of the steep escarpment of the [[Kaimur Range]] is the valley of the [[Son River]], which flows through the district from west to east. The southern portion of the district is hilly, interspersed with fertile stream valleys. The [[Rihand River]], which rises to the south in the highlands of [[Surguja district]] of [[Chhattisgarh]], flows north to join the Son in the center of the district. The [[Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar]], a reservoir on the [[Rihand]], lies partly in the district and partly in [[Madhya Pradesh]]. East of the Rihand, the [[Kanhar River]], which originates in [[Chhattisgarh]], flows north to join the Son.

The district has historic, cultural, and ecological affinities with the [[Bagelkhand]] region. [[Robertsganj]] is the district headquarters.

===Climate===
Sonbhadra has a relatively subtropical climate with high variation between summer and winter temperatures. The average temperature is {{cvt|30 to 46|°C}} in the summer and {{cvt|2 to 15|°C}} in the winter. The weather is pleasant in rainy season from July to October.

===Ecology===
The portion of the district north of the Son River lies in the [[Lower Gangetic plains moist deciduous forests]] ecoregion. The portion south of the Son lies in the [[Chhota Nagpur dry deciduous forests]] ecoregion.

[[Kaimoor Wildlife Sanctuary]] lies mostly within the district, reaching generally east and west along the spine of the Kaimur Range, and extending to the Son River at its eastern end.

==Economy==
[[File:SSTPS.jpg|thumb|[[Singrauli Super Thermal Power Station]] at [[Shaktinagar, Uttar Pradesh|Shaktinagar]] in Sonbhadra]]
The district has many electrical power stations around [[Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar]]. [[NTPC Limited|NTPC]] has twocoal-based thermal power plants, being [[Singrauli Super Thermal Power Station]] and [[Rihand Thermal Power Station]] at [[Renukut]]. Other power stations are at [[Anpara]] ([[UPRVUNL]]), [[Obra, Uttar Pradesh|Obra]] (UPRVUNL), [[Renusagar]] ([[Hindalco]]) and [[Pipri]]-Hydro (UPRVUNL). [[Northern Coalfields]] (a branch of [[Coal India Limited]]) has its headquarters and many coal mines in this region.

[[Hindalco]] has a major aluminium plant at Renukut. Owing to the limestone hills, initially one cement factory was established at Churk in 1956. Another cement factory started at Dala in 1971, with an ancillary unit at Chunar from 1980. A big dam constructed at [[Pipri]] in 1961 is named [[Rihand Dam]]; another small dam was constructed at Obra in 1968.{{citation needed|date=October 2018}}

The [[Birla group]] set up an aluminum plant at Renukut. The company set up its own power plant at Renusagar in 1967 and started a company in Renukut called HiTech Carbon. Another industrial group initiated a company in Renukut named Grasim Industries Limited, which produces chemicals and later it started own power plant at Renukut in 1998.{{citation needed|date=October 2018}}

In 2006 the [[Ministry of Panchayati Raj]] named Sonbhadra one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the 34 districts in Uttar Pradesh currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj|date=8 September 2009|title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme|publisher=National Institute of Rural Development|url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|access-date=27 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|archive-date=5 April 2012}}</ref>

==Tourist attraction==
[[File:Salkhan Fossil.jpg|thumb|[[Salkhan Fossils Park]] in Sonbhadra district]]

===Historical places===
[[File:Vijay Garh Fort on the Hill top.jpg|thumb|[[Vijaygarh Fort]] on the Hill top]]
*[[Vijaygarh Fort]]
*[[Agori Fort]]
*[[Veer Lorik Stone|Veer Lorik Patthar]]
*Cave Paintings of [[Son River|Son]] and [[Belan River|Belan Valley]], Sonbhadra<ref name="Sonbhadra: Of Cave Paintings And Fossil Parks">{{cite web | author=Charu Chaudhary| title =Sonbhadra: Of Cave Paintings And Fossil Parks| url = https://www.india.com/travel/articles/sonbhadra-of-cave-paintings-and-fossil-parks-3671776/| access-date = 3 July 2020
}}</ref>

===Nature===
[[File:Rihand Dam, Renukoot 1.jpg|thumb|[[Rihand Dam]]]]
*[[Salkhan Fossil Park]]
*[[Mukkha Fall]]
*[[Son View Point]], [[Robertsganj]]
*[[Rihand Dam]]
*[[Dhanraul Dam]]
*[[Kaimoor Wildlife Sanctuary]]

===Temples===
[[File:Shivdwar.jpg|thumb|[[Shivdwar|Shivdwar Temple]]]]
[[File:Hindu God Shiva Temple.jpg|thumb|[[Renukeshwar Mahadev Temple]]]]

*[[Shivdwar]]
*[[Renukeshwar Mahadev Temple]]
*[[Vandevi Temple]]
*[[Jwaladevi Temple]], [[Shaktinagar, Uttar Pradesh|Shaktinagar]]
*Maa Vaishnav Shaktipeeth [[Dalla]]
*ambedkar park

==Transport==

===By air===
*[[Muirpur Airport]] at Muirpur, an operational airstrip and proposed airport, currently used by chartered and private planes near [[Renukut]]
*[[Varanasi Airport|Varanasi International Airport]] in [[Varanasi]]. Flights are available to all major Indian cities including [[Delhi]], [[Mumbai]], [[Kolkata]], [[Lucknow]], [[Agra]], [[Bangalore]], [[Chennai]], [[Patna]], [[Khajuraho]], [[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]], [[Gaya, India|Gaya]], etc. International connections are [[Bangkok]], [[Colombo]], [[Hong Kong]] and [[Kathmandu]] from [[Varanasi Airport|Varanasi International Airport]].

===By train===
*[[Mirzapur]] Railway Station
* [[Robertsganj railway station|Sonbhadra Railway Station]]
*[[Chopan]] Railway station
*[[Obra, Uttar Pradesh|Obra]] Railway station
*[[Renukoot]] Railway station near Rihand Dam
*[[Anpara]] Railway station
*[[Singrauli]] Railway station
*[[Shaktinagar, Uttar Pradesh|Shaktinagar]] Railway station
*[[Varanasi]] Railway station
*[[Dudhi]] Railway station

The city is connected by rail to Delhi, Allahabad, Ranchi and Patna. Some notable trains passing through the district are Muri express (Jammu Tawi - Delhi - Tata Nagar), Jharkhand Swarna Jayanti Express/12873(Hatia - Kanpur - Delhi), Triveni Express (Bareilly - Lucknow - Shaktinagar/Singrauli/barwadih) Bhopal Express (Bhopal-Howrah) weekly and Shaktipunj Express/11448(Howrah-Bokaro - Chopan- Jabalpur). Intercity Express/03346 (Singrauli- Chopan-Varanasi).

===By road===
Robertsganj, the headquarters of Sonbhadra, is located about {{cvt|88|km}} from the city of [[Varanasi]] which has the nearest airport. Robertsganj is well connected to [[Lucknow]], [[Allahabad]], [[Varanasi]], [[Mirzapur]], [[Gorakhpur]], [[Faizabad]], [[Ambikapur, India|Ambikapur]] [[Sasaram]] & [[Garhwa]] by road. Buses are available at all hours of the day from Varanasi and it normally takes {{fract|2|1|2}} hours to cover the distance. The highway connecting Varanasi and Waidhan passes through the district. Though this is not a national highway it is a very busy road because of the towns Dalla, Renukot, Anpara, Shaktinagar which are sufficiently commercialized areas. National Thermal Power corporation is in Shaktinagar and also National Coalfield different projects like Singrauli, Khadia, Jayant, Dudhichua, amlori, Kakri etc. These areas have several major coal mines which cater a big part of the coal need of the state. [[Churk]] a nearby town is situated around {{cvt|10|km}}, where [[Jaypee Group]] is establishing a thermal power project. One of the main reasons this road is always busy is due to daily transport of around 1000 trucks of grits and sand.

==Demographics==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=2,41,964|13=1911|14=2,39,431|15=1921|16=2,39,230|17=1931|18=2,60,445|19=1941|20=2,97,288|21=1951|22=3,36,065|23=1961|24=4,43,174|25=1971|26=5,80,593|27=1981|28=8,00,717|29=1991|30=11,04,210|31=2001|32=15,04,852|33=2011|34=18,62,559|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Sonbhadra district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,862,559, of which male and female were 971,344 and 891,215 respectively.<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/571-sonbhadra.html | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 30 September 2011 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Kosovo]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | title = Country Comparison: Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 1 October 2011 |work=The World Factbook |publisher = Central Intelligence Agency | quote = Kosovo 1,825,632 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> or the US state of [[West Virginia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=2010 Resident Population Data|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau|access-date=30 September 2011| quote = West Virginia 1,852,994
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 254th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 270 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 27.27%.<ref name=districtcensus/>

===Sex ratio and child population===
Sonbhadra has a [[sex ratio]] of 996 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males.
In census enumeration, data regarding child undeg age six were also collected for districts Sonbhadra. There were total 323,092 children under age six against 302,834 of 2001 census. Of total 323,092 male and female were 167,870 and 155,222 respectively. Child sex ratio as per census 2011 was 925 compared to 956 of census 2001. In 2011, children under age six formed 17.35 percent of Sonbhadra District compared to 20.69 percent of 2001. There was net change of -3.34 percent in this compared to previous census.<ref name=districtcensus/>

===Literacy rate===
[[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 64%. Male and female literacy were 74.92% and 52.14% respectively. Total literate in Sonbhadra District were 985,708 of which male and female were 601,988 and 383,720 respectively.<ref name=districtcensus/>

===Language===
{{pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages in Sonbhadra District<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref>
|value1 = 83.91
|label1 = Hindi
|color1 = Orange
|value2 = 14.57
|label2 = Bhojpuri
|color2 = Yellow
|value3 = 0.22
|label3 = Urdu
|color3 = Green
|label4 = Others
|color4 = grey
|value4 = 1.30
}}
At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 83.9% of the population in the district spoke [[Hindi]] and 14.6% spoke [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] as their first languages.<ref name="census2011"/> Around 5,000 people in the district speak [[Gondi language|Gondi]] and 1,800 [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]], both tribal languages.<ref name="census2011">{{cite web |title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX |website=censusindia.gov.in |access-date=18 February 2021}}</ref>

===Religion===
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Sonbhadra District
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|orange|93.35}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|green|5.56}}
{{bar percent|Others|grey|1.08}}
}}

===Sonbhadra District urban population===
Out of the total Sonbhadra population for 2011 census, 16.88 percent lives in urban regions of district. In total 314,342 people lives in urban areas of which males are 167,999 and females are 146,343. Sex Ratio in urban region of Sonbhadra district is 871 as per 2011 census data. Similarly child sex ratio in Sonbhadra district was 868 in 2011 census. Child population (0-6) in urban region was 38,169 of which males and females were 20,434 and 17,735. This child population figure of Sonbhadra district is 12.16% of total urban population.there are 11.7% urban people belong to scheduled casts and 3.2% urban people belong to scheduled tribes.

Average literacy rate in Sonbhadra Urban as per census 2011 is 84.31% of which males and females are 90.73% and 76.93% literates respectively.

==Notable people==
'''Politicians'''
*[[Ram Shakal]]
*[[Lalchandra]]
*[[Bhai Lal]]
*[[Chhotelal]]
*[[Pakaudi Lal Kol]]
'''Artists'''
*[[Vivek Mushran]] Bollywood actor
*[[Anurag Kashyap]] Film director
*[[Abhinav Kashyap]] Film director
*[[Indian Idol#Summary|Saumya Mishra]] Indian Idol season 9 contestant (Singer)
*[[Dance Plus (season 4)#Finalists (Top 4)|Vartika jha]] Actress, second runner up of [[Dance Plus (season 4)]] (Dancer)

'''Government Officers'''

* Sakshi Garg IRS officer

*

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Official website|http://sonbhadra.nic.in}}

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Sonbhadra district
|North = [[Chandauli district]]
|Northeast = [[Kaimur district]], [[Bihar]] <br /> [[Rohtas district]], Bihar
|East = [[Garhwa district]], [[Jharkhand]]
|Southeast =
|South = [[Surguja district]], [[Chhattisgarh]]
|Southwest =
|West = [[Singrauli district]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]
|Northwest = [[Mirzapur district]]
}}

{{Sonbhadra district}}
{{Districts of Uttar Pradesh}}
{{Mirzapur Division topics}}
{{Son basin}}
{{Uttar Pradesh}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sonbhadra District}}
[[Category:Sonbhadra district| ]]
[[Category:Coal mining districts in India]]
[[Category:Districts of Uttar Pradesh]]

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Sonbhadra district