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Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah

2021-05-11T08:03:59Z

2409:4054:286:153F:516D:1C92:952E:C339:

{{Short description|Sultan of Bengal (r. 1415–1416) (1418–1433)}}
{{EngvarB|date=March 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
{{Infobox royalty
|name=Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah
|title= [[Sultan]]
|image= Silver Coin of Jalaluddin.jpg
|caption= Arabic silver coin with a lion inscription minted during Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah's reign
|succession= [[Sultan of Bengal]]<br>[[Ganesha dynasty|(Ganesha)]]
|reign= 1415–1416
|reign1= 1418–1433
|predecessor= [[Shihabuddin Bayazid Shah]]
|predecessor1= [[Raja Ganesha]]
|successor= [[Raja Ganesha]] |successor1= [[Shamsuddin Ahmad Shah]]
|full name = Jalaluddin Abul Muzaffar Muhammad Shah<ref>The Philological Secretary, ''Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Volume 43'' (1874), p.294</ref>
|spouses= Asmantara, daughter of [[Ghiyasuddin Azam Shah]]<ref>{{cite book |last=Sarkar |first=Jagadish Narayan |year=1985 |title=Hindu-Muslim relations in Bengal: medieval period |publisher=Idarah-i Adabiyat-i-Delli |page=52 |oclc=13980579}}</ref>
|issue= [[Shamsuddin Ahmad Shah]]
|father= [[Raja Ganesha]]
|royal house= [[Ganesha dynasty]]
|religion =[[Islam]]
|}}
'''Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah''' ({{lang-bn|জালালউদ্দীন মুহম্মদ শাহ}}; born as '''Yadu''' or '''Jadu'''<ref>{{cite book |last1=Goron |first1=Stan |last2=Goenka |first2=J.P. |year=2001 |title=The Coins of the Indian Sultanates |publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal |isbn=978-81-215-1010-3}}</ref>{{page needed|date=April 2020}}) was a 15th-century [[Sultan of Bengal]] and an important figure in medieval Bengali history. Born a Hindu to his aristocratic father [[Raja Ganesha]], the patriarch of the [[Ganesha dynasty]], he assumed the throne of Bengal after a coup which overthrew the [[Ilyas Shahi dynasty]]. He converted to Islam and ruled the [[Bengal Sultanate]] for 16 years. As a Muslim king, he brought [[Kingdom of Arakan|Arakan]] under Bengali [[suzerainty]] and consolidated the kingdom's domestic administrative centres. He pursued relations with the [[Timurid Empire]], [[Mamluk Egypt]] and [[Ming China]].<ref name="bpedia" /> Bengal grew in wealth and population during his reign. He also combined Bengali and Islamic architecture.

==First phase (1415–1416)==
According to Goron and Goenka, [[Raja Ganesha]] seized control over Bengal soon after the death of [[Shihabuddin Bayazid Shah|Sultan Bayazid]] (1412–1414). Facing an imminent threat of invasion at the behest of a powerful Muslim holy man named [[Qutb al Alam]], he appealed to the saint to call off his threat. The saint agreed on the condition that Raja Ganesha's son Jadu would convert to Islam and rule in his place. Raja Ganesha agreed and Jadu started ruling [[Bengal]] as ''Jalal al-Din'' in 1415 AD. [[Qutb al Alam|Nur Qutb]] died in 1416 AD and Raja Ganesha was emboldened to depose his son and accede to the throne himself as ''Danujamarddana Deva''. Jalaluddin was reconverted to Hinduism by the Golden Cow ritual. After the death of his father he once again converted to Islam and started ruling his second phase.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hanif |first=N. |year=2000 |title=Biographical encyclopedia of Sufis |publisher=Sarup & Sons |page=320 |oclc=786166571}}</ref>

==Second phase (1418–1433)==
[[File:Eklakhi Mausoleum.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Eklakhi Mausoleum]] in [[Gauda (city)|Gaur, West Bengal]] which disputably houses a tomb of Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah and his wife and a son]]
Jalaluddin maintained a peaceful kingdom during his second phase. His authority stretched to eastern Bengal Moazzamabad (present-day [[Sunamganj]]) and south-eastern Bengal (present-day [[Chittagong]]). He also conquered Fathabad (present-day [[Faridpur, Bangladesh|Faridpur]]) and the southern Bengal. During his reign [[Pandua, Malda|Firuzabad Pandua]] became a populous and flourshing town. It is recorded in the ''[[Ming shi]]'' that a Chinese explorer, [[Cheng Ho]], visited the city twice in 1421–22 and 1431–33. He later transferred the capital from Pandua to [[Gaur]].<ref name=bpedia /> The city of Gaur began to be re-populated during his reign. Jalaluddin himself constructed a number of buildings and ''[[caravanserai|sarais]]'' there.<ref name=m3>Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2006). ''The Delhi Sultanate'', Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, pp.209–11</ref>

===Relation with Hindus===
Jalaluddin played a distinguished role in converting the Hindus of Bengal to Islam. [[James Wise (civil surgeon)|Dr. James Wise]] wrote in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (1894) that "the only condition he offered was either the Koran or death. Many Hindus fled to Kamrup and the jungles of Assam, but it is nevertheless possible that more Mohammedans were added to Islam during these seventeen years (1414–31) than in the next three hundred years."<ref>{{cite book |last=Lal |first=K.S. |year=1990 |title=Indian Muslims: Who are They |publisher=Voice of India |page=57 |oclc=24232178}}</ref> He maintained good rapport with Non-Muslims in his kingdom. According to an interpretation of a Sanskrit [[Śloka|sloka]] by D. C. Bhattacharya, Jalaluddin appointed Rajyadhar, a [[Hindu]], as the commander of his army.<ref name=m3/> He gained support of [[Muslim]] scholars – ''Ulama'' and the ''Shaikhs''. He reconstructed and repaired the mosques and other religious architectures destroyed by Raja Ganesha.<ref name=bpedia />

The 17th century Persian historian, [[Firishta]] talked about his tolerance of Hindus and Buddhists,{{request quote|date=May 2021}} applauded him by saying:

{{quote|He upheld the principles of justice and equity and became the Naushirwan of the age.<ref>{{cite book|title=The History and Culture of the Indian People, Volume 6|publisher=G. Allen & Umwin|author=Ramesh Chandra Majumdar|year=1956|page=209}}</ref>}}

His remark is corroborated by the evidence of the ''Smritiratnahara'' and the ''Padachandrika''. According to the ''Padachandrika'', a commentary on the [[Amarakosha]] in Sanskrit, Brihaspati Mishra, a [[Brahmin]] from Kulingram (present-day [[Bardhaman district]]), was promoted by Sultan Jalaluddin to the position of the ''Sarvabhaumapandita'' (Court Scholar). And Vishvasrai, son of Brihaspati Mishra, was also appointed a minister by the Sultan.<ref name=m3/> He patronized Sankritic culture by publicly showing appreciation for those scholars of classical Brahmanic scholarship. Many Brahmin poets were honored by Jalaluddin.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gKhChF3yAOUC&pg=PA60|author=Eaton, Richard|year=1993|title=The rise of Islam and the Bengal frontier, 1204-1760. |publisher= University of California Press|pages= 60, 102|isbn= 978-0-520-08077-5}}.</ref>

According to a 19th-century chronicle written by [[Francis Buchanan-Hamilton]], Jalaluddin compelled many Hindus to convert to Islam, resulting in many Hindus fleeing to [[Kamrup region|Kamrup]].<ref name=hamilton>{{cite book |last=Buchanan (Hamilton) |first=Francis |date=1833 |title=A Geographical, Statistical and Historical Description of the District or Zila of Dinajpur in the Province or Soubah of Bengal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xIUIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA23 |location=Calcutta |publisher=Baptist Mission Press |pages=23–4}}</ref>

===Relation with foreign rulers===
He also maintained good diplomatic relations. He was in correspondence with the Timurid ruler [[Shahrukh Mirza|Shah Rukh]] of [[Herat]], [[Yongle Emperor|Yung Le]] of China and [[Barsbay|al-Ashraf Barsbay]], the [[Mamluk#Mamluk power in Egypt|Mamluk ruler of Egypt]].<ref name=bpedia /> [[Jaunpur Sultanate#Ibrahim Shah|Ibrahim Sharqi]] attacked his kingdom but censure from [[Yongle Emperor|Yung Le]] and [[Shahrukh Mirza|Shah Rukh]] caused him to withdraw.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ray|first=Haraprasad|title=Sino - Indian Commercial and Diplomatic Relations|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1fxtAAAAMAAJ|series=The Quarterly Review of Historical Studies|volume=37|year=1997|publisher=Institute of Historical Studies.|location=Calcutta|page=114}}</ref> Jalaluddin helped Meng Soamun Narmeikhla, King of [[Rakhine State|Arakan]], to recover his kingdom from [[Burma]]; in return he became the overlord of [[Rakhine State|Arakan]].<ref name="Rahim1952">{{cite journal|last=Rahim|first=Muhammad Abdur|title=Chittagong under the Pathan Rule in Bengal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n1IOAAAAIAAJ|journal=Journal of the Asiatic Society|volume=18|issue=1|year=1952|publisher=Asiatic Society of Bengal|page=22|quote=The fact that a dethroned Arakanese king, named Meng-tsaumum, recovered his throne, in 1430 A. D., with the help of the Gaur king (Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah) and recognized his vassalage goes to show the hold of Gaur court on Chittagong about the time.}}</ref> He, at some point, also ruled over parts of [[Tripura]] and southern [[Bihar]].<ref name="ChakrabartiChakrabarti2013">{{cite book|last1=Chakrabarti|first1=Kunal|last2=Chakrabarti|first2=Shubhra|title=Historical Dictionary of the Bengalis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QVOFAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA13|year=2013|publisher=Scarecrow Press|location=Plymouth, United Kingdom|isbn=978-0-8108-8024-5|page=13}}</ref>

Jalaluddin tried to legitimise his rule by publicly displaying his credentials as a devout and correct Muslim. Contemporary Arab sources hold that upon his conversion to [[Islam]], Jalaluddin adopted the [[Hanafi]] legal tradition.

Between 1428 and 1431, he also supported the construction of two Islamic institutions in [[Makkah]] and [[Madinah]], known as [[Banjaliyah Madrasah|Bangaliyah Madaris]]. The Sultan gained permission by establishing close ties with and presenting [[Barakat ibn Hasan]], the [[Sharif of Makkah]], with gifts and robes of honour. Jalaluddin also kept good relations with [[Barsbay]], the [[Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)|Mamluk sultan]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Corpus of the Muslim Coins of Bengal: (down to A. D. 1538)|author=Abdul Karim|author-link=Abdul Karim (historian)|publisher=Asiatic Society of Pakistan|year=1960}}</ref> According to [[Al-Sakhawi]]'s ''Al-Daw al-lami` li ahli al-Qarni al-Tasi'', Barsbay once gifted the [[Bengali Muslims|Bengali sultan]] with investiture, a robe of honour and a letter of recognition.<ref>{{cite book|author=Al-Sakhawi|author-link=Al-Sakhawi|language=ar|title=Al-Daw al-lami' li ahli al-Qarni al-Tasi}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Zafar ul wālih bi Muzaffar wa ālihi|language=ar|author= ʻAbdallāh Muḥammad Ibn-ʻUmar al-Makkī al-Āṣafī al-Ulughkhānī Hajjī ad-Dabir}}</ref> Jalaluddin had died before his own gifts could be dispatched to Barsbay and this job was left for his son, [[Shamsuddin Ahmad Shah]], to be completed.<ref>{{cite book|title=Practising Diplomacy in the Mamluk Sultanate: Gifts and Material Culture in the Medieval Islamic World|last=Behrens-Abouseif|first=Doris|date=16 May 2014|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|pages=9, 29, 46}}</ref>

In 1427, Jalaluddin described himself in an inscription as ''Al-sultan al-azam al-muazzamin khalifat Allah 'ali al-makunin Jalal al-Dunya w'al-Din'' (the most exalted of the great sultans, the caliph of Allah in the universe).

===Coins===
Several undated issues of his silver coins and a huge commemorative silver coin minted in Pandua in 1421, bear the stylised figure of a lion.<ref name=Eaton/> Another theory says that they were issued to celebrate the [[Treasure voyages|arrival of a Chinese ambassador]] and yet another theory says that they marked the withdrawal of [[Jaunpur Sultanate|Jaunpur]]'s threatening army.<ref>See the discussion in Goron and Goenka, ''op. cit.''</ref> Asides from him, the lion-motif coins were also issued by [[Mahmud Shah of Bengal|Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah I]] and [[Jalaluddin Fateh Shah]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Journal of the Numismatic Society of India, Volume 42|publisher=Numismatic Society of India|year=1980|page=44}}</ref> Such tyoe of coins were also issued by the [[Twipra Kingdom|kingdom of Tripura]] in 1464, thus precluding the possibility that Jalaluddin was following the kingdom's custom. Since the lion is seen as the vehicle of the [[Mother goddess|Goddess]] as [[Chandi]] in whose name the [[Sena dynasty]] rebelled from 1416 to 1418, it is possible he attempted to appeal to the deeply-rooted sentiments of Goddess-worship. In 1427, he had described himself in a description on a mosque as ''the most exalted of the great sultans, the caliph of Allah in the universe''. Having tested this, in 1430 he took a bolder step by including "Caliph of Allah" (''Khalifat al-Allah'') as one of his titles on his coins.<ref name=Eaton>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gKhChF3yAOUC&pg=PA57|author=Eaton, Richard|year=1993|title=The rise of Islam and the Bengal frontier, 1204-1760. |publisher= University of California Press|pages= 57–60|isbn= 978-0-520-08077-5}}.</ref> In 1431 AD he issued a new coin inscribing [[Shahada|Kalema-tut-shahadat]].<ref name=bpedia>{{cite book |last=Taher |first=MA |year=2012 |chapter=Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Jalaluddin_Muhammad_Shah |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> Thus he reintroduced on his coins the [[Shahada|Kalimah]], which had disappeared from Bengal Sultanate coins for several centuries.

==Death==
He died in Rabi 2, 837 AH (1433 AD) and was disputably buried in the [[Eklakhi Mausoleum]] at Pandua.<ref name=bpedia /><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.asikolkata.in/maldah.aspx |title=Adina Masjid |website=ASI, Kolkata Circle |access-date=2019-04-03}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of rulers of Bengal]]
* [[History of Bengal]]
* [[History of India]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{S-start}}
{{S-hou|House of [[Raja Ganesha]]}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Shihabuddin Bayazid Shah|Bayazid Shah]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of rulers of Bengal|Ruler of Bengal]]|years=1415–1416}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Raja Ganesha]]}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Raja Ganesha]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Sultanate of Bengal|Sultan of Bengal]]|years=1418–1433}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Shamsuddin Ahmad Shah|Ahmad Shah]]}}
{{end}}

{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Hanafis]]
[[Category:History of West Bengal]]
[[Category:History of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Indian former Hindus]]
[[Category:Rulers of Bengal]]
[[Category:Muslim missionaries]]
[[Category:Converts to Islam from Hinduism]]
[[Category:15th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:1433 deaths]]
[[Category:15th-century rulers]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:15th-century Bengalis]]
[[Category:Sunni Muslims]]
[[Category:Bengali Muslims]]
[[Category:People from Dinajpur District, Bangladesh]]

Shamsuddin Ahmad Shah

2021-05-11T08:00:49Z

2409:4054:286:153F:516D:1C92:952E:C339:

{{Short description|Sultan of Bengal (r. 1433–1436)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox royalty
|name = Shamsuddin Ahmad Shah
|title = [[Sultan]] of [[Bengal]]
|image =
|caption =
|succession =
|reign =1433 - 1436
|coronation =
|full title =
|predecessor = [[Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah]]
|successor = [[Mahmud Shah of Bengal|Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah]]
|regent =
|spouses=
|issue =
|full name = Masnad Shahi al-Muzaffar Shams ad-Din Ahmad
|house = [[Ganesha dynasty]]
|father = [[Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah]]
|mother =
|birth_name = Ahmad ibn Muhammad
|birth_date = {{birth year|1419}}
|birth_place = [[Bengal Sultanate]]
|death_date = {{death year and age|1436|1419}}
|death_place = [[Bengal Sultanate]]
|date of burial =
|place of burial =
|religion = [[Sunni Islam]]
}}
[[File:Dinajpur Rajbari (13).jpg|thumb|right|250px|The Dinajpur Rajbari in [[Dinajpur District, Bangladesh|Dinajpur]] was Ahmad Shah's palace.]]

'''Shamsuddīn Aḥmad Shāh''' ({{lang-fa|شمس الدین احمد شاه}}; {{lang-bn|শামসুদ্দীন আহমদ শাহ}} ; r. 1433–1436) was a [[Sultan of Bengal]] and member of the [[Ganesha dynasty]]. He was the son and successor of Sultan [[Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah]]. After his father's death, he ascended the throne at the age of 14.<ref name=bpedia>{{cite Banglapedia|author=Taher, MA|article=Shamsuddin Ahmad Shah }}</ref>

==Early life==
Ahmad was born into the ruling family of the [[Bengal Sultanate]], during the reign of his father [[Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah]] in 1419. They belonged to the [[Ganesha dynasty]], and Ahmad's grandfather was [[Raja Ganesha]], a [[Bengali Hindu]]. Ahmad's father had [[Conversion to Islam|become a Muslim]] in 1415 and so Ahmad was born a [[Bengali Muslim]].<ref name=bpedia/>

==Reign==
Ahmad's father died in [[Rabiʽ al-Thani]] 837 AH (November/December 1433 CE) and so Ahmad ascended the throne at 14 years of age.<ref name=dad>{{cite Banglapedia|author=Taher, MA|article=Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah}}</ref>

The Muazzampur Shahi Mosque, adjoining the [[dargah]] of Shah Alam Shah Langar, in [[Sonargaon Upazila|Muazzampur, Sonargaon]] was built during the reign of Ahmad Shah.<ref>{{cite Banglapedia|article=Muazzampur Shahi Mosque|author=Muazzam Hussain Khan}}</ref> The Persian inscription mentions officers by the name of Firuz Khan and Ali Musa Sultan.<ref name=dani>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.126929|title=Asiatic Society Of Pakistan Vol-ii|year=1957|author=Ahmad Hasan Dani|author-link=Ahmad Hasan Dani|chapter=Analysis of the Inscriptions|pages=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.126929/page/n47 38]–41}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Epigraphy and Islamic Culture: Inscriptions of the Early Muslim Rulers of Bengal (1205-1494)|last=Siddiq|first=Mohammad Yusuf|date=19 Nov 2015|publisher=Routledge|page=139|chapter=Inscriptions of the Sultanate period}}</ref>

According to [[Firishta]], he followed the liberal policy of his father and was known for justice and charity.<ref name=m4/> His father had good ties with [[Barsbay]],<ref>{{cite Banglapedia|article=Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah|author=MA Taher}}</ref> a [[Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)|Mamluk sultan]] who had gifted Jalaluddin with investiture, a robe of honour and a letter of recognition.<ref>{{cite book|author=Al-Sakhawi|author-link=Al-Sakhawi|language=ar|title=Al-Daw al-lami` li ahli al-Qarni al-Tasi}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Zafar ul wālih bi Muzaffar wa ālihi|language=ar|author= ʻAbdallāh Muḥammad Ibn-ʻUmar al-Makkī al-Āṣafī al-Ulughkhānī Hajjī ad-Dabir}}</ref> Jalaluddin had died before his own gifts could be dispatched to Barsbay, and so the job was left for Ahmad Shah to complete. Ahmad Shah had slightly delayed the dispatching but nevertheless sent the initial gifts of his father off whilst also adding more gifts of his own.<ref>{{cite book|title=Corpus of the Muslim Coins of Bengal: (down to A. D. 1538)|author=Abdul Karim|author-link=Abdul Karim (historian)|publisher=Asiatic Society of Pakistan|year=1960}}</ref> In total, the package was worth over 12,000 [[History of the taka|red tanka]]s and included clothes, cotton, [[ginger]], [[Terminalia chebula|myrobalan]] and other spices. The envoy, travelling from Bengal to Cairo via the [[Indian Ocean]], sank whilst at [[Jeddah]]'s coast. In 1436, the Governor of Jeddah sent some men to search the [[Red Sea]] for the gifts and they came back with the textiles although the spices were damaged by the water. After Barsbay was informed of this by the Governor, he ordered for the arrest of all members of the Bengali embassy, the confiscation of their envoy's merchandise, and banned them from ever travelling to Cairo again.<ref>{{cite book|title=Practising Diplomacy in the Mamluk Sultanate: Gifts and Material Culture in the Medieval Islamic World|last=Behrens-Abouseif|first=Doris|date=16 May 2014|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|pages=9, 29, 46}}</ref>

==Death==
Ahmad Shah ruled for only 3 years. His reign was marked with chaos and anarchy including an invasion led by [[Jaunpur Sultanate#Ibrahim Shah|Ibrahim Shah Sharqi]]. Later Ahmad Shah was killed by two of his powerful and influential servants, Sadi Khan and Nasir Khan in 1436 AD.<ref name=bpedia /> He was buried in the [[Eklakhi Mausoleum]] with his mother and father.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.asikolkata.in/maldah.aspx |title=Adina Masjid |website=ASI, Kolkata Circle |access-date=2019-04-03}}</ref> After his assassination, Sadi Khan and Nasir Khan fell out and were eventually overthrown. Bengal became under the [[Ilyas Shahi dynasty]] again after the ascension of [[Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah]] in 1437.<ref name=m4>Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2006). ''The Delhi Sultanate'', Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, p.211</ref>

{{S-start}}
{{S-hou|House of [[Raja Ganesha]]}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of rulers of Bengal|Ruler of Bengal]]|years=1433–1436}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah|Mahmud Shah I]]}}
{{end}}

==See also==
* [[List of rulers of Bengal]]
* [[History of Bengal]]
* [[History of India]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ahmad Shah, Shamsuddin}}
[[Category:Rulers of Bengal]]
[[Category:History of West Bengal]]
[[Category:History of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:15th-century rulers]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:15th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:1436 deaths]]
[[Category:15th-century Bengalis]]
[[Category:Sunni Muslims]]
[[Category:Bengali Muslims]]
[[Category:People from Dinajpur District, Bangladesh]]