Nehru–Gandhi family

2022-01-11T15:03:49Z

2409:4053:D9D:A372:0:0:6E8A:BE07: /* First generation */Fixed typo

{{Short description|Indian political dynasty}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}}
{{Infobox family
|name = Nehru–Gandhi Family
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|region = [[New Delhi]], [[Delhi]], [[India]]
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|origin = [[Kashmir]], [[India]]
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|members = [[Raj Kaul]] [[Gangadhar Nehru]] [[Nandlal Nehru]] [[Motilal Nehru]] [[Swarup Rani Nehru]] [[Brijlal Nehru]] [[Rameshwari Nehru]] [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] [[Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit]] [[Uma Nehru]] [[Krishna Hutheesing]] [[Indira Gandhi]] [[Braj Kumar Nehru]] [[Nayantara Sahgal]] [[Feroze Gandhi]] [[Rajiv Gandhi]] [[Sanjay Gandhi]] [[Arun Nehru]] [[Sonia Gandhi]] [[Maneka Gandhi]] [[Rahul Gandhi]] [[Priyanka Vadra]] [[Varun Gandhi]] [[Robert Vadra]]
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The '''Nehru–Gandhi Family''' is an [[Political families of India|Indian political family]] that has occupied a prominent place in the [[politics of India]]. The involvement of the family has traditionally revolved around the [[Indian National Congress]], as various members have traditionally led the party. Three members of the family – [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], [[Indira Gandhi]], and [[Rajiv Gandhi]] – have served as the [[Prime Minister of India]], while several others have been [[Member of Parliament|members]] of [[Parliament of India|the parliament]].

''[[The Guardian]]'' wrote in 2007, "The Nehru brand has no peer in the world — a member of the family has been in charge of India for 40 of the 60 years since independence. The allure of India's first family blends the right to rule of [[British monarchy]] with the tragic glamour of America's [[Kennedy family|Kennedy clan]]."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2007/may/09/india?picture=329818381#/?picture=329818414&index=1 |title=The making of the Ghandy dynasty | News | guardian.co.uk |publisher=Guardian |date=9 May 2007 |access-date=1 August 2012}}</ref>

The Gandhi surname came from [[Feroze Gandhi]], a politician of [[Gujarati people|Gujarati]] [[Parsi]] ancestry, who changed the spelling of his surname, from Ghandy to Gandhi, after joining the [[Indian independence movement|independence movement]] to bring it in line with that of [[Mahatma Gandhi]] (no relation).<ref name="Guha">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8FKepYC6wzwC&pg=PA33|title=India after Gandhi: The History of the World's Largest Democracy|last=Guha|first=Ramachandra|publisher=Pan Macmillan|year=2011|isbn=978-0330540209|at=p. 33, footnote 2 (chapter 14)}}: "Feroze Gandhi was also from the Nehrus' home town, Allahabad. A Parsi by faith, he at first spelt his surname 'Ghandy'. However, after he joined the national movement as a young man, he changed the spelling to bring it in line with that of Mahatma Gandhi."
</ref><ref name="Gandhi">{{cite book|title=Idea Exchange: Opinion Makers, Critical Issues, Interesting Times|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mkjhctAvaRAC&pg=PA87|last=Vishnu|first=Uma|publisher=Penguin Books India|year=2010|isbn=978-0670084890|page=87}}
</ref> [[Indira Gandhi|Indira Priyadarshini Nehru]] (the daughter of [[Jawaharlal Nehru]]) married Feroze Gandhi in 1942 and adopted his surname.<ref>Lyon, Peter (2008) ''Conflict Between India and Pakistan: An Encyclopedia''. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. p. 64. {{ISBN|978-1576077122}}. "Feroze Gandhi was no relation of Mahatma Gandhi."</ref>

==Family trees==
===Earliest record===
[[File:Anand Bhawan, Allahabad.jpg|244px|thumb|[[Anand Bhavan]], ancestral home of the Nehru-Gandhi Family in [[Allahabad]], now a museum.]]

*[[Raj Kaul]] (late 1600s to early 1700s) a [[Kashmiri Pandit]]. He is the earliest recorded ancestor of the Nehru family. He is believed to have moved from Kashmir to Delhi in 1716 AD. A ''[[Jagir]]'' with a house situated on the banks of a canal was granted to Raj Kaul, and, from the fact of this residence, 'Nehru' (from ''Nahar'', a canal) came to be attached to his name. ''Kaul'' was the original family name; this changed to Kaul-Nehru; and, in later years, Kaul was dropped out and the family name became only "Nehru".<ref>{{cite book|author=Shashi Tharoor|author-link=Shashi Tharoor|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ds1RXSyRevYC&q=raj+kaul+nehru&pg=PA1900|title=Nehru: The Invention of India|isbn=9789351180180|date=16 October 2007}}</ref>
*During the early part of the 19th century, [[Gangadhar Nehru]]’s father, Lakshmi Narayan Nehru, worked as a scribe in [[Delhi]] for the [[East India Company]].<ref name="Gupte2012">{{cite book|author=Pranay Gupte|title=Mother India: A Political Biography of Indira Gandhi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OOmK1lPWq80C&pg=PA139|date=February 2012|publisher=Penguin Books India|isbn=978-0-14-306826-6|pages=138–139}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.msn.com/en-in/news/photos/the-nehru-gandhi-family-tree/ss-AAAHpxF#image=1|title = The Nehru-Gandhi family tree}}</ref>

===First generation===
* [[Gangadhar Nehru]] (1827–1861), a direct descendant of Raj Kaul. He was the last ''[[Kotwal]]'' of Delhi (equivalent to Chief of Police), prior to the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]]. He was the father of freedom fighter [[Motilal Nehru]] and grandfather of [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] who was the first [[Prime Minister of India]], thus part of the Nehru family.

===Second generation===

*Bansi Dhar Nehru, Gangadhar's eldest son. He worked in the judicial department of the British Government and, after being appointed successively to various places, was partly cut off from the rest of the family.
*[[Nandlal Nehru]] (1845–1887), older brother of Motilal Nehru. He was the [[Diwan (title)|Diwan]] (Prime Minister) of the [[princely state]] of [[Khetri]] in [[Rajputana]].
*[[Motilal Nehru]] (1861–1931), patriarch of Nehru–Gandhi family. He was a lawyer and a prominent leader of the [[Indian independence movement]]. He served as the Congress [[President of the Indian National Congress|President]] twice, 1919–1920 and 1928–1929.
*[[Swarup Rani Nehru]] (1868–1938), played a prominent role in India's freedom movement in the 1920s–30s as an advocate of civil disobedience against the [[British Raj]] and its [[salt laws]].

===Third generation===
[[Image:Nehru family.jpg|upright|thumb| Nehru family, standing (L to R) [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], [[Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit]], [[Krishna Hutheesing]], [[Indira Gandhi]] and [[Ranjit Sitaram Pandit]]; Seated: Swaroop, [[Motilal Nehru]] and [[Kamala Nehru]] (circa 1927)]]
*[[Jawaharlal Nehru]] (1889–1964), son of Motilal Nehru. He was the first [[Prime Minister of India]] and was one of the most prominent leaders of the [[Indian independence movement]]. He had succeeded his father as President of the Congress in 1929.
*[[Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit]] (1900–1990), eldest daughter of Motilal Nehru. She was an Indian diplomat and politician who later became the [[President of the United Nations General Assembly]]. Married [[Ranjit Sitaram Pandit]] in 1921.
*[[Krishna Hutheesing|Krishna Nehru Hutheesing]] (1907–1967) was an Indian writer, the youngest sister of Jawaharlal Nehru and Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, and part of the Nehru–Gandhi family.
*[[Kamala Nehru]] (1899–1936), wife of Jawaharlal Nehru. She was a prominent social reformer{{Citation needed|reason=Your explanation here|date=October 2017}} and was an active member of the [[All India Congress Committee]].
*[[Brijlal Nehru]] (1884-1964), son of Nandlal Nehru and a nephew of Motilal Nehru. He was the Finance Minister of the [[princely state]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|Jammu and Kashmir]] during the rule of Maharaja [[Hari Singh]].
*[[Rameshwari Nehru]] (1886–1966), wife of Brij Lal Nehru. She was a journalist and social worker who co-founded [[All India Women's Conference]]

===Fourth generation===
*[[Indira Gandhi|Indira Priyadarshini Nehru]] (later [[Indira Gandhi]]) (1917–1984), only daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru. She became the first woman Prime Minister of India.
*[[Feroze Gandhi]] (1912–1960), husband of Indira. He was a politician and journalist.
*[[Braj Kumar Nehru]] (1909–2001), son of Brijlal Nehru. He served as the Indian diplomat and ambassador to the United States and as High Commissioner to the United Kingdom. He later served as Governor of several Indian states and was an adviser to his cousin Indira Gandhi.
*Magdolna Nehru (1908–2017), nicknamed Fori, wife of Braj Kumar Nehru.
*Balwant Kumar Nehru (1916–1996), son of Brijlal Nehru and brother of Braj Kumar Nehru. Engineer and corporate manager who rose to become the Deputy Chairman of ITC and the President of the All-India Management Association.
*Sarup Nehru, wife of Balwant Kumar Nehru.
*Harsha Hutheesing (1935–1991) and [[Ajit Hutheesing]] (1936–2017), sons of Krishna Nehru Hutheesing and Raja Hutheesing
*Chandralekha Mehta, the eldest of the three daughters born to Jawaharlal Nehru's sister, [[Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit]]
*[[Nayantara Sahgal]] (born 10 May 1927), the second of the three daughters born to Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
*Rita Dar, the youngest of the three daughters born to Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
*[[Ratan Kumar Nehru]] (1902-1981), civil servant and diplomat, son of Mohanlal Nehru, grandson of Nandlal Nehru.

===Fifth generation===
[[File:Indira Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Rajiv Gandhi and Sanjay Gandhi.jpg|upright|thumb|[[Indira Gandhi]], [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], [[Rajiv Gandhi]] and [[Sanjay Gandhi]] (circa 1949).]]
*[[Arun Nehru]] (1944-2013), great grand son of Nandlal Nehru. He was a politician and union minister during the 1980s.
*[[Rajiv Gandhi]] (1944–1991), eldest son of Indira and Feroze Gandhi. He became the 6th Prime Minister of India after Indira's death.
*[[Sanjay Gandhi]] (1946–1980), second son of Indira. He was also one of the most trusted lieutenants of his mother during the 1970s and was widely expected to succeed his mother as Prime Minister of India, but met with an untimely death in a plane crash.
*[[Sonia Gandhi]] (née Maino 1946), widow of Rajiv Gandhi. She was born in Italy and took Indian citizenship, 11 years after marrying [[Rajiv Gandhi]]. She was the President of the [[Indian National Congress]] from 1998 to 2017 and has served as the Chairperson of the [[United Progressive Alliance]] since 2004.
*[[Maneka Gandhi]] (née Anand 1956), widow of Sanjay Gandhi. She is a noted environmentalist and animal welfare activist. She is a prominent member of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]. She has served as a cabinet minister in four government. She also served as the Indian Union Cabinet Minister for Women & Child Development in the BJP led Government of 2014–19.
*Subhadra Nehru, wife of Arun Nehru.
*Sunil Nehru (b.1946), eldest son of Balwant Kumar Nehru. Engineer and corporate strategist, senior company executive at Max India, adventurer, scuba diver, and ardent trekker.
*Neena Nehru (b.1946 née Neena Heble), wife of Sunil Nehru. Artist, poet, architect.
*Nikhil Nehru (b.1948), second son of Balwant Kumar Nehru. He had a stellar career in advertising, rising to become the President of McCann-Erickson and Chairman of Results International Group, India.
*Samhita Nehru, wife of Nikhil Nehru.
*Vikram Nehru (b.1952), third son of Balwant Kumar Nehru. Entered the field of international development with a career at the World Bank. Became the World Bank's Chief Economist and Director for Poverty Reduction, Economic Management, Private and Financial Sector Development for East Asia and the Pacific. Subsequently, became the Chair in Southeast Asian Studies at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace in Washington, D.C. and then Distinguished Practitioner-in-Residence at the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies.

===Sixth generation===
*[[Rahul Gandhi]] (1970), son of [[Rajiv Gandhi]] and [[Sonia Gandhi]]. He was the president of the Congress party from 2017 and 2019,<ref>{{cite news|last=Ghandy|first=Rahul |title=Rahul Gandhi gets bigger role in Congress, appointed party vice-president|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-01-19/india/36431467_1_rahul-ghandy-congress-party-chief-spokesperson|access-date=19 January 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=20 January 2013}}{{dead link|date=April 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> and was a member of Parliament from Amethi, UP from 2004 to 2019. He was the Chairman of the Congress coordination panel for 2014 Lok Sabha polls. He is currently the MP from Wayanad, Kerala in the Lok Sabha.
*[[Priyanka Gandhi Vadra]] (née Gandhi, 1972), daughter of Rajiv Gandhi and Sonia Gandhi. She is the General Secretary of the Indian National Congress. Priyanka is married to [[Robert Vadra]], a businessman.
*[[Varun Gandhi]] (1980), son of Sanjay Gandhi and Maneka Gandhi. He is a member of the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]], National Executive and the youngest National Secretary in the history of the party. He is a member of 2014 Lok Sabha, the lower house of Parliament of India, representing the Sultanpur constituency.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.firstpost.com/politics/5-facts-about-varun-gandhi-bjp-youngest-general-secretary-680086.html|title = 5 facts about Varun Gandhi, BJP's youngest general secretary-Politics News , Firstpost|date = 31 March 2013}}</ref>
* [[Yamini Gandhi]], wife of [[Varun Gandhi]].

===Seventh generation===
* [[Anasuya Gandhi]] (2020), daughter of [[Varun Gandhi]] and Yamini Gandhi.
* [[Raihan Vadra]] and [[Miraya Vadra]]—children of [[Priyanka Gandhi]] and [[Robert Vadra]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatvnews.com/politics/national/rare-pictures-of-priyanka-and-robert-vadra-kids-9397.html|title=Rare pictures of Priyanka and Robert Vadra kids|first=India TV News|last=Desk|date=9 April 2013|website=www.indiatvnews.com}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="100">
File:Motilal nehru.jpg|[[Motilal Nehru]]
File:Jnehru.jpg|[[Jawaharlal Nehru]]
File:Kamala Nehru.jpg|[[Kamala Nehru]]
File:Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit.jpg|[[Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit]]
File:Krishna Nehru Hutheesing.jpg|[[Krishna Hutheesing]]
File:Indira Gandhi in 1967.jpg|[[Indira Gandhi]]
File:Rajiv Gandhi (1987).jpg|[[Rajiv Gandhi]]
File:Sanjay Gandhi cropped.jpg|[[Sanjay Gandhi]]
File:Sonia Gandhi (cropped).jpg|[[Sonia Gandhi]]
File:Maneka-Gandhi.jpg|[[Maneka Gandhi]]
File:Feroze Varun Gandhi 002.jpg|[[Varun Gandhi]]
</gallery>

==See also==

*[[List of political families]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Nehru–Gandhi family}}
* [https://www.theguardian.com/world/gallery/2007/may/09/india?picture=329818381 The making of the Ghandhi dynasty] at [[The Guardian]]

{{Indian National Congress}}

{{Allahabad division topics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nehru-Ghandy Family}}
[[Category:Nehru–Gandhi family| ]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress]]
[[Category:People from Allahabad]]
[[Category:Indian families]]
[[Category:Parsi people]]
[[Category:Hindu families]]
[[Category:Political families of India]]
[[Category:History of Allahabad]]

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Nehru–Gandhi family