Kampel, Indore

2020-09-12T16:26:28Z

2409:4043:2B09:69F4:6CB0:DFEC:40B9:7F9F: Proper knowledge

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement

| name = Kampel
| settlement_type = village
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| pushpin_map = India Madhya Pradesh#India
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| coordinates = {{coord|22|37|N|76|3|E|display=inline,title}}
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| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = India
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = Madhya Pradesh
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 = Indore
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| unit_pref = Metric
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| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5.30
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| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 452020
| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in India|STD]]
| area_code = 0731
| iso_code =[[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-MP]]
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}}
'''Kampel''' is a [[panchayat]] village in the Indore block of the [[Indore district]], Madhya Pradesh, India.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://panchayatdirectory.gov.in/adminreps/viewGPmapcvills.asp?gpcode=140775&rlbtype=V | title = Reports of National Panchayat Directory: Kampel | publisher = Government of India | accessdate = 2011-10-31 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120406082004/http://panchayatdirectory.gov.in/adminreps/viewGPmapcvills.asp?gpcode=140775&rlbtype=V | archive-date = 6 April 2012 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://iay.nic.in/netiay/benf_lvl2.aspx?page=p&panchayat_code=1723003071&panchayat_name=KAMPEL&state_code=17&state_name=MADHYA%20PRADESH&district_name=INDORE&block_name=INDORE,&fin_year=2011-2012&shortname=MP | title = IAY Report for Financial year 2011-2012: Kampel | publisher = Government of India | accessdate = 2011-10-31 }}</ref> It was the headquarters of a [[pargana]] in [[Mughal Empire]] before the administrative center of the region was shifted to [[Indore]] city under the [[Holkar]]s of the [[Maratha Empire]]. In this region mostly (Choudhary-Patel) [[Khati]] people live.{{citation needed|date=September 2012}}

== History ==

During the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal era]], the area under the modern Indore district was equally divided between the administrations (''[[sarkar (country subdivision)|sarkar]]''s) of [[Ujjain]] and [[Mandu, Madhya Pradesh|Mandu]]. Kampel was the headquarters of a ''mahal'' (administrative unit) under the Ujjain ''sarkar'' of [[Malwa Subah]] (province). The area of the modern Indore city was included in the Kampel [[pargana]] (administrative unit).<ref name="gazetteer_1971">{{cite book | title = Madhya Pradesh District Gazetteers: Indore | editor = P N Shrivastav | year = 1971 | edition = First | publisher = Government Central Press | pages = 2, 55–59 }}</ref>

In 1715, the [[Maratha Empire|Marathas]] invaded the region and demanded [[chauth]] (tax) from the Mughal ''Amil'' (administrator) of Kampel. The Amil fled to Ujjain, and the local [[zamindar]]s agreed to pay Chauth to the [[Maratha]]s. The chief zamindar, [[Rao Nandlal Chaudhary|Nandlal Chaudhury]] (later known as Nandlal Mandloi), paid a chauth of around Rs. 25,000 to the Marathas. [[Jai Singh II]], the Mughal Governor of Malwa, reached Kampel on 8 May 1715, and defeated the [[Maratha]]s in a battle near the village. The [[Maratha]]s came back in early 1716, and raided Kampel in 1717. In March 1718, the [[Maratha]]s, led by Santaji Bhonsle, invaded Malwa again, but were defeated by the Mughals.

By 1720, the headquarters of the local pargana were transferred from Kampel to Indore, due to the increasing commercial activity in the city. In 1724, the [[Maratha]]s under the new [[Peshwa]] [[Baji Rao I]], launched a fresh attack on the Mughals in Malwa. Baji Rao I himself led the campaign, accompanied by his lieutenants Udaji Pawar, [[Malhar Rao Holkar]] and [[Ranoji Scindia]]. The Mughal [[Qamar-ud-din Khan, Asaf Jah I|Nizam]] met the Peshwa at Nalchha on 18 May 1724, and acceded to his demand of collecting chauth from the area. The Peshwa returned to the Deccan, but left [[Malhar Rao Holkar]] at Indore to oversee the chauth collection.

The [[Maratha]]s maintained friendly relations with Nandlal Chaudhary, who held a huge influence over the local ''[[Sardar]]''s (chiefs). In 1728, they defeated the Mughals decisively at Amjhera, and consolidated their authority in the area over the next few years. On 3 October 1730, [[Malhar Rao Holkar]] was appointed as the Maratha chief of Malwa. The local zamindars, who had the title of [[Chowdhury|Chaudhari]], came to be known as ''Mandloi''s (after [[tehsil|mandal]], an administrative unit) during the [[Maratha Empire|Maratha reign]]. The [[Holkar]] dynasty of the [[Maratha]]s, which controlled the region, conferred the title of ''Rao Raja'' upon the local zamindar family.<ref>Major General Sir John Malcolm, ''Central India, Part I'', pp. 68–70</ref> The family retained its possessions of royalty, which included having an elephant, ''Nishan'', ''Danka'' and ''Gadi'' even after the advent of [[Holkar]]s and also retained the right of performing the first puja of [[Dushera]] (''Shami Pujan'') before the [[Holkar]] rulers.

After Nandlal died, his son Tejkarana was accepted as the ''Mandloi'' of Kampel by the [[Peshwa]]. The pargana was formally granted to [[Malhar Rao Holkar]] by the [[Peshwa]] in 1733. The pargana headquarters were transferred back to Kampel during his reign. After his death, his daughter-in-law [[Ahilyabai Holkar]] moved the headquarters to Indore in 1766. The [[tehsil]] of Kampel was converted into Indore tehsil by a change in the name.<ref name="gazetteer_1971"/>

== See also ==
*[[Maratha Empire]]
*[[List of Maratha dynasties and states]]
*[[Holkar|Holkar State]]
*[[Indore]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Villages in Indore district]]

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Kampel, Indore