Manohar Joshi

2021-07-30T08:27:34Z

2409:4042:2E28:6988:A58C:955E:4041:FCAA: /* Background and family */

{{short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2019}}
{{Infobox Indian politician
| image = Manohar Joshi1.jpg
| imagesize =
| name = Manohar Joshi
| native_name =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1937|12|02|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Raigad district|Raigad]], [[Bombay Presidency]], [[British India]]
| death_date =
| death_place =
| order = 12th
| office = Chief Minister of Maharashtra
| order1 = 13th
| office1 = Speaker of the Lok Sabha
| term_start1 = 10 May 2002
| term_end1 = 2 August 2004
| deputy1 = [[P. M. Sayeed]]
| predecessor1 = [[G. M. C. Balayogi]]
| successor1 = [[Somnath Chatterjee]]
| term_start = 14 March 1995
| term_end = 31 January 1999
| governor = [[P. C. Alexander]]
| deputy = [[Gopinath Munde]]
| predecessor = [[Sharad Pawar]]
| successor = [[Narayan Rane]]
| office2 = [[Minister of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises]]
| primeminister2 = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| predecessor2 = [[Chandra Shekhar]]
| successor2 = [[Anant Geete]]
| term_start2 = 19 October 1999
| term_end2 = 9 May 2002
| office3 = [[Leader]] [[ Shivsena]]
| term_start3 = 1966
| office4 = [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly |Leader of the House Legislative Assembly <br/>Maharashtra]]
| termstart4 = 14 March 1995
| termend4 = 31 January 1999
| predecessor4 = [[Sharad Pawar]]
| successor4 = [[Narayan Rane]]
| office5 = [[Leader of the opposition]]<br>[[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start5 = 22 March 1990
| term_end5 = 12 December 1991
| predecessor5 = [[Mrinal Gore]]
| successor5 = [[Gopinath Munde]]
| office6 = [[Mayor of Mumbai]]
| term_start6 = 1976
| term_end6 = 1977
| predecessor6 = [[Mehta]]
| successor6 = [[Murli Deora]]
| office7 = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Loksabha]]
| constituency7 = [[Mumbai North Central (Lok Sabha constituency)|Mumbai North Central]]
| term_start7 = 1999
| term_end7 = 2004
| predecessor7 = [[Ramdas Athawale]]
| successor7 = [[Eknath Gaikwad]]
| office8 = [[Member of Parliament]], [[Rajya Sabha]]
| term_start8 = 2006
| term_end8 = 2012
| predecessor8 = [[Ram Jethmalani]]
| successor8 = [[Anil Desai]]
| constituency8 = [[Maharashtra]]
| office9 = Member of [[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start9 = 1990
| term_end9 = 1999
| predecessor9 = Sharayu Thakur
| successor9 = [[Vishakha Raut]]
| constituency9 = [[Dadar]]
| office10 = Member of [[Maharashtra Legislative Council]]
| term_start10 = 1972
| term_end10 = 1989
| constituency10 = [[Nominated]]
| office11 = [[Councillor]], [[Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation]]
| term_start11 = 1968
| term_end11 = 1972
| constituency11 = [[Dadar]]
| party = [[Shiv Sena]]
| spouse = Anagha Joshi
| children = 3
| relatives =
| website =
| footnotes =
| signature =
}}

'''Manohar Gajanan Joshi''' (born 2 December 1937) is a former [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra]] and a prominent politician from the state of [[Maharashtra]]. He was the [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra]] from 1995 to 1999. He was [[Speaker of the Lok Sabha]] from 2002 to 2004. He is one of the prominent leaders of the [[Shiv Sena]]. He is also second [[India]]n to be elected to all the four [[legislatures]].

==Background and family==
Joshi was born in a [[Marathi language|Marathi]]-speaking [[Brahmin]] family hailing from [[Raigad district]] in [[Maharashtra]], India.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/mumbai/balasaheb-thackeray-stood-behind-his-men-like-a-mountain/article1-960848.aspx |title=Balasaheb Thackeray stood behind his men like a mountain |first=Manohar |last=Joshi |work=Hindustan Times |date=18 November 2012 |access-date=2015-08-03 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20141109112125/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/mumbai/balasaheb-thackeray-stood-behind-his-men-like-a-mountain/article1-960848.aspx |archive-date=9 November 2014 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> His forefathers migrated from [[Beed district]] to Nandvi village of Raigad district. He married on 14 May 1964 to Anagha Joshi, and has a son, Unmesh, and two daughters, Asmita and Namrata. Girish Vyas is his son-in-law. The case of Sundew Apartments led to the resignation of Joshi and a subsequent favourable judgment by [[Supreme_Court_of_India|The Supreme Court of India]] for petitioner Vijay Kumbhar. The building is now being used for a school.<ref>{{cite news |title=Civic body starts school at Sundew apartments |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/Civic-body-starts-school-at-Sundew-apartments/articleshow/23325823.cms |access-date=8 September 2019 |work=The Times of India |date=1 October 2013}}</ref>

== Formation of Kohinoor ==

After MA in law he joined in [[Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation]] (BMC) as an officer, but later started the Kohinoor technical/vocational training institute with the idea of an institute for semi–skilled youths to offer training as electrician, plumber, TV/radio/scooter repairman, photography. Eventually, he started multiple branches of Kohinoor in Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur, Nashik, etc., and later he made an entry in construction and other capital-oriented business.

Manohar Joshi also founded the Kohinoor Business School & [[Kohinoor-IMI School of Hospitality Management]] in [[Khandala]], Maharashtra. Later on took Chancellorship of Dnyaneshwar Vidyapeeth.

== Political career ==

=== Early years ===
He began his career by being elected to the Legislative Council from the Shiv Sena. He served three terms from 1972 till 1989. He became the Mayor of [[Mumbai]] during 1976 to 1977. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly from a [[Shiv Sena]] ticket in 1990.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://speakerloksabha.nic.in/former/manohar.asp |title= Former Speakers |publisher= Office of the Speaker of Lok Sabha, New Delhi|access-date=16 July 2012}}</ref>
[[File:Dnyaneshwar-agashe-manohar-joshi.png|thumb|right|Joshi with former [[Board of Control for Cricket in India|BCCI]] [[vice-president]] [[Dnyaneshwar Agashe]].]]
=== Chief Minister ===
He became the first non-[[Indian National Congress|Congress]] [[Chief Minister of Maharashtra]] when the Shiv Sena-[[Bharatiya Janata Party]] (BJP) coalition came to power in 1995.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ananth |first1=Venkat |title=A brief history of Maharashtra's chief ministers |url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/nAzUgaowGFGaaxFlJEo7hI/A-brief-history-of-Maharashtras-chief-ministers.html |access-date=13 January 2021 |work=mint |date=28 October 2014 |language=en}}</ref> Technically, Sharad Pawar led the [[List of chief ministers of Maharashtra|first]] non-Congress government in Maharashtra in 1978 as a member of [[Indian National Congress (Socialist)]].

=== Controversy and resignation ===
Joshi and [[Bal Thackeray]] were explicitly named for inciting the Shivsainiks for violence against Muslims during the 1992–1993 riots in an inquiry ordered by the [[government of India]], the Srikrishna Commission Report. However, Joshi, then a part of the BJP-Sena government called the report "anti-Hindu, pro-Muslim and biased" and refused to adopt the commission's recommendations.<ref name="fln">{{cite web|url = http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl1517/15170200.htm|title = The Shiv Sena indicted|publisher = Frontlineonnet.com|access-date = 2013-06-14|url-status = dead|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130328163323/http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl1517/15170200.htm|archive-date = 28 March 2013|quote=The Sena-Bharatiya Janata Party Government in Maharashtra has rejected the core of the report, which was presented before the two Houses of the legislature on August 6 along with a memorandum of action to be taken thereon. The Action Taken Report (ATR), seeks to establish that the report is one-sided. Going further, Chief Minister Manohar Joshi termed the report "anti-Hindu, pro-Muslim and biased." }}</ref><ref name="narula99">{{cite book|title=Broken People: Caste Violence Against India's "untouchables"|author=Smita Narula|publisher=Human Rights Watch|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kd28Ay09adgC&pg=PA124|year=1999|isbn=1564322289|quote=The reports findings were presented to the government of Maharashtra on February 16, 1998, more than five years after the riots took place. The report determined that the riots were the result of a deliberate and systematic effort to incite violence against Muslims and singled out Shiv Sena leader Bal Thackeray and Chief Minister Manohar Joshi as responsible. The Shiv Sena-BJP government, however, refused to adopt the commission's recommendations and instead labeled the report anti-Hindu.}}</ref>

During his term as Chief Minister he was embroiled in a scam involving the change of reservation of a plot of land in Pune, which was being developed by his son-in-law, Girish Vyas.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/supreme-court-indicts-manohar-joshi-over-land-misuse-case-565500|title=Supreme Court indicts Manohar Joshi over land misuse case|website=NDTV.com}}</ref> Just a couple of months prior to the High Court of Mumbai passing a verdict against Girish Vyas and terming the housing complex "Sundew", illegal, under severe pressure from [[Vijay Kumbhar]] an RTI activist from [[Pune]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mid-day.com/articles/victory-for-rti-activist-in-battle-against-former-cms-son-in-law/138595|title=Victory for RTI activist in battle against former CM's son-in-law|date=13 October 2011|website=mid-day}}</ref> Joshi resigned.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/mumbai/pune-land-controversy-back-to-haunt-shiv-sena/story-WGlNJUfXfe5lgFLcnzKNbP.html|title=Pune land controversy back to haunt Shiv Sena|date=13 October 2011|website=Hindustan Times}}</ref>

Later, the Supreme Court upheld the decision of the High Court<ref>{{cite news |title=Hand over Sundew Apartment or let PMC raze it: SC to Vyas Construction - Indian Express |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/hand-over-sundew-apartment-or-let-pmc-raze-it-sc-to-vyas-construction/859155 |access-date=27 September 2020 |work=Indian Express |date=13 October 2011}}</ref> but set aside the order to conduct criminal investigation against the former Chief Minister.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-11-11/pune/30386307_1_manohar-joshi-review-petition-prime-plot |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120720031700/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-11-11/pune/30386307_1_manohar-joshi-review-petition-prime-plot |url-status=dead |archive-date=2012-07-20 |work=[[The Times of India]] |title=Former CM Joshi pays 25,000 to petitioner}}</ref>

=== Lok Sabha and Speaker ===
He was promoted to the Lok Sabha when he won from Central Mumbai in the 1999 General Elections. He was the Speaker of the [[Lok Sabha]] from 2002 to 2004 during the [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]] (NDA) administration.

He was elected for a six-year term to the Rajya Sabha on 20 March 2006.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060321/main3.htm |title=Arjun, Bhardwaj, Shinde elected unopposed to Rajya Sabha |work=Tribuneindia.com |date=20 March 2006 |access-date=27 September 2020}}</ref> after being defeated in the previous Lok Sabha election from the Central Mumbai constituency.

==See also==
*[[Manohar Joshi ministry]]
* [[List of Chief Ministers of Maharashtra]]

==References==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20040821213309/http://www1.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/cms.dll/articleshow?art_id=9260782 May 8, 2002 news article "Manohar Joshi to be next LS speaker"] – [[Times of India]]
* [https://images.google.com/images?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&safe=off&q=+site:speakerloksabha.nic.in+Manohar+Joshi+-Murli Photos from site of Speaker of Lok Sabha]

{{s-start}}
{{s-par|in-lwr}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Ramdas Athawale]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of Parliament<br>for [[Mumbai North Central (Lok Sabha constituency)|Mumbai North Central]] |years=1999 – 2004}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Eknath Gaikwad]]}}
|-
{{s-off}}
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{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief Minister of Maharashtra]]|years=14 March 1995 – 31 January 1999}}
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|-
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{{s-end}}

{{Shiv Sena}}
{{Speakers of the Lok Sabha}}
{{Chief Ministers of Maharashtra}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Joshi Manohar}}
[[Category:Chief Ministers of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:1937 births|Joshi, Manohar]]
[[Category:Living people|Joshi, Manohar]]
[[Category:Mayors of Mumbai]]
[[Category:Marathi politicians]]
[[Category:Speakers of the Lok Sabha]]
[[Category:Rajya Sabha members from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Shiv Sena politicians]]
[[Category:Members of the Maharashtra Legislative Council]]
[[Category:13th Lok Sabha members]]
[[Category:Politicians from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Opposition in the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]

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Manohar Joshi