Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata

2022-06-27T15:31:10Z

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{{About|the original hymn composed by Rabindranath Tagore|the national anthem of India|Jana Gana Mana}}
{{short description|Lyrics of the national anthem of India}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2013}}

'''''Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata''''' ({{lang-bn|ভারত ভাগ্য বিধাতা|lit=Dispenser of India's destiny}}) is a five-stanza [[Brahmo]] hymn in Bengali language<ref>http://www.news18.com/news/movies/bharat-bhagyo-bidhata-from-rajkahini-is-a-tagore-song-and-not-an-extended-version-of-the-national-anthem-1108614.html IBNLive.com The original Tagore song - "Not a single note of the original Rabindranath Tagore composition has been altered"</ref> dedicated to Supreme divine [[God]] who is the dispenser of the destiny of [[India]]. It was composed and scored in [[Bengali language|Bengali]] by [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Nobel laureate]] [[Rabindranath Tagore]] in 1911. The first stanza of the song has been adopted as the [[Jana Gana Mana|National Anthem of India]].<ref name = "Sabyasachi Bhattacharya">{{cite book|last1=Bhattacharya|first1=Sabyasachi|title=Rabindranath Tagore : an interpretation|date=2011|publisher=Viking, Penguin Books India|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-0670084555|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xYpkWGHGkwYC|quote=Incidentally a myth regarding this song needs to be refuted and laid to rest. It is on record that the song was written on 11 December 1911. On December 12, 1911 the Delhi Durbar met to honour King Emperor George V. Obviously a poem written on 11 December could not be intended for an event the following day. The song was actually sung at the twenty-seventh session of the Indian National Congress, Calcutta on 28 December 1911 as the opening song at the beginning of the day’s proceedings. Thereafter it was also sung at the foundation day anniversary of Adi Brahma Samaj in February 1912 and included in their collection of psalms, Brahma Sangit.|page=206}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://satyashodh.com/janaganaman/|title=Untitled Document|author=|date=|website=satyashodh.com}}</ref><ref name="anthem">{{cite web|url=http://knowindia.gov.in/knowindia/national_symbols.php?id=6|title=National Anthem – National Symbols – Know India. Nation Portal of Government of India.|website=knowindia.gov.in|access-date=14 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115004029/http://knowindia.gov.in/knowindia/national_symbols.php?id=6|archive-date=15 January 2013|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

==History of Jana Gana Mana==
The poem was first sung on the second day of the annual session of the Indian National Congress in Calcutta on 27 December 1911. Song was performed by Sarala Devi Chowdhurani, Tagore's niece, along with a group of school students, in front of prominent Congress Members like Bishan Narayan Dhar, Indian National Congress President and Ambika Charan Majumdar.

In 1912, the song was published under the title ''Bharat Bhagya Bidhata'' in the Tatwabodhini Patrika, which was the official publication of the Brahmo Samaj and of which Tagore was the Editor.

Outside of Calcutta, the song was first sung by the bard himself at a session in [[Besant Theosophical College]] in Madanapalle, Andhra Pradesh on February 28, 1919. The song enthralled the college authorities and they adopted the English version of the song as their prayer song which is still sang today. Tagore made the first English translation of the song at Madanapalle.

On the occasion of India attaining freedom, the Indian Constituent Assembly assembled for the first time as a sovereign body on 14 August 1947, midnight and the session closed with a unanimous performance of Jana Gana Mana.

The members of the Indian Delegation to the General Assembly of the United Nations held at New York in 1947 gave a recording of Jana Gana Mana as the country's national anthem. The song was played by the house orchestra in front of a gathering consisting of representatives from all over the world.

[[Jana Gana Mana]] was officially proclaimed as India's National Anthem by the Constituent Assembly of India on January 24, 1950.<ref>{{cite web|title=Interesting Facts About Our National Anthem|url=http://www.culturalindia.net/national-symbols/anthem.html|accessdate=24 September 2017}}</ref>

==Lyrics of all 5 stanzas==
The English translation below has been adapted from an unverifiable source.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sanyal.com/india/janagana.html |title=All 5 stanzas of Jana Gana Mana with Bengali script}}</ref> Some changes have been made to both the translation and romanization.

<div style="font-family: Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;">
{| class="wikitable"
!Bengali (বাংলা)
!Bengali transliteration
![[Romanisation of Bengali]] {{nowrap|([[ISO 15919]])}}
!English translation
|-
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>জনগণমন-অধিনায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা!
পাঞ্জাব সিন্ধু গুজরাট মরাঠা দ্রাবিড় উৎকল বঙ্গ
বিন্ধ্য হিমাচল যমুনা গঙ্গা উচ্ছলজলধিতরঙ্গ
তব শুভ নামে জাগে, তব শুভ আশিষ{{efn|আশিস is also used}} মাগে,
গাহে তব জয়গাথা।
জনগণমঙ্গলদায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা!
জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় জয় জয় জয় হে॥</poem>
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>Jōno gōno mōno odhinayōko jōyo he Bharōto bhagyo bidhata!
Panjab Šindhu Gujraṯ Mōraṯha Drabiṟo Utkōlo Bōngo
Bindhyo Himachōlo Jomuna Gōnga Uchchhōlo jōlodhitōrongo
Tōbo shubho name jage, tōbo shubho ashisho mage,
Gahe tōbo jōyo gatha.
Jōno gōno mōngolodayōko jōyo he Bharōto bhagyo bidhata!
Jōyo he, jōyo he, jōyo he, jōyo jōyo jōyo jōyo he.</poem>
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>Janaganamana-adhināẏaka jaẏa hē Bhāratabhāgyabidhātā{{efn|name=Bhāratabhāgyavidhātā|[[Sanskrit]] transliteration "Bhāratabhāgyavidhātā"}}!
Pañjāba Sindhu Gujarāṭa Marāṭhā Drābiṛa{{efn|name=Drāviṛa|Sanskrit transliteration "Drāviṛa"}} Utkala Baṅga{{efn|name=Vaṅga|Sanskrit transliteration "Vaṅga"}}
Bindhya{{efn|name=Vindhya|Sanskrit transliteration "Vindhya"}} Himācala Yamunā Gaṅgā ucchalajaladhitaraṅga
Taba{{efn|name=tava|Sanskrit transliteration "tava"}} Śubha nāmē jāgē, taba{{efn|name=tava}} śubha āśiṣa māgē,
gāhē taba{{efn|name=tava}} jaẏagāthā /
Janaganamaṅgaladāẏaka jaẏa hē Bhāratabhāgyabidhātā{{efn|name=Bhāratabhāgyavidhātā}}!
Jaẏa hē, Jaẏa hē, Jaẏa hē, jaẏa jaẏa jaẏa jaẏa hē.</poem>
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>Oh! the ruler of the minds of people, victory be to You, dispenser of the destiny of India!
Punjab, Sindh, Gujarat, [[Maratha empire|Maratha]] (Marathi heartland), [[South India|Dravida]] (South India), Orissa and Bengal,
The Vindhyas, the Himalayas, the [[Yamuna|Jumna]] (Yamuna) and the Ganges, and the oceans with foaming waves all around.
Wake up listening to Your auspicious name, ask for Your auspicious blessings,
And sing to Your glorious victory.
Oh! You who impart well being to the people, victory be to You, dispenser of the destiny of India!
Victory, victory, victory to You!</poem>
|-
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>অহরহ তব আহ্বান প্রচারিত, শুনি তব উদার বাণী
হিন্দু বৌদ্ধ শিখ জৈন পারসিক মুসলমান খৃস্টানী
পূরব পশ্চিম আসে তব সিংহাসন-পাশে
প্রেমহার হয় গাঁথা।
জনগণ-ঐক্য-বিধায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা!
জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় জয় জয় জয় হে॥</poem>
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>Ōhorōho tōbo aobhano procharito, shuni tōbo udaro bani;
Hindu Bouddho Shikh Joino Parošik Musolmano Khrishṯani
Purōbo poshchimo aše, tōbo šinghašōno pashe,
Premoharo hoy gãtha.
Jōno gōno oikyo-bidhayōko jōyo he Bharōto bhagyo bidhata!
Jōyo he, jōyo he, jōyo he, jōyo jōyo jōyo jōyo he.</poem>
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>Aharaha taba{{efn|name=tava}} āhbāna{{efn|name=āhvāna|Sanskrit transliteration "āhvāna"}} pracārita, śuni taba{{efn|name=tava}} udāra bānī{{efn|name=vani|Sanskrit transliteration "vani"}}
Hindu Baudhha{{efn|name=Baudha|Sanskrit transliteration "Baudha"}} Śikha Jaina Pārasika Musalamāna Khr̥sṭānī
Pūraba{{efn|name=Pūrava|Sanskrit transliteration "Pūrava"}} Paścima āsē taba{{efn|name=tava}} siṁhāsana-pāśē
Prēmahāra haẏa gām̐thā /
Janagana-aikya-bidhāẏaka{{efn|name=Janagana-aikya-vidhāẏaka|Sanskrit transliteration "Janagana-aikya-vidhāẏaka"}} jaẏa hē Bhāratabhāgyabidhatā{{efn|name=Bhāratabhāgyavidhātā}}!
Jaẏa hē, Jaẏa hē, Jaẏa hē, jaẏa jaẏa jaẏa jaẏa hē.</poem>
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>Your call is announced continuously, we heed Your gracious call
The Hindus, Buddhists, Sikhs, Jains, Parsis, Muslims and Christians,
The East and the West come together, to the side of Your throne
And weave the garland of love.
Oh! You who bring in the unity of the people! Victory be to You, dispenser of the destiny of India!
Victory, victory, victory to You!</poem>
|-
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>পতন-অভ্যুদয়-বন্ধুর পন্থা, যুগ যুগ ধাবিত যাত্রী।
হে চিরসারথি, তব রথচক্রে মুখরিত পথ দিনরাত্রি।
দারুণ বিপ্লব-মাঝে তব শঙ্খধ্বনি বাজে
সঙ্কটদুঃখত্রাতা।
জনগণপথপরিচায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা!
জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় জয় জয় জয় হে॥</poem>
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>Pōtono obhyudhōyo bondhuro pōntha, jugo jugo dhabito jatri.
He chirošarothi, tōbo rōthochokre mukhoritho pōtho dinoratri.
Daruno biplōbo majhe, tōbo shōnkhodhoni baje
Šōnkoṯo duːkho trata.
Jōno gōno pōthoporichayōko jōyo he Bharōto bhagyo bidhata!
Jōyo he, jōyo he, jōyo he, jōyo jōyo jōyo jōyo he.</poem>
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>Patana-abhuyadaẏa-bandhura{{efn|name=patana-abhuyadaẏa-bandhura|Sanskrit transliteration "patana-abhuyadaẏa-bandhura"}} panthā, yuga yuga dhābita{{efn|name=dhāvita|Sanskrit transliteration "dhāvita"}} yātrī /
Hē cirasārathi, taba{{efn|name=tava}} rathacakrē mukharita patha dinarātri /
Dāruna biplaba-mājhē{{efn|name=viplava-mājhē|Sanskrit transliteration "viplava-mājhē"}} taba{{efn|name=tava}} śaṅkhadhbani{{efn|name=śaṅkhadhvani|Sanskrit transliteration "śaṅkhadhvani"}} bājē{{efn|name=vājē|Sanskrit transliteration "vājē"}}
Saṅkaṭaduḥkhatrātā.
Janaganapathaparicāẏaka jaẏa hē Bhāratabhāgyabidhātā{{efn|name=Bhāratabhāgyavidhātā}}!
Jaẏa hē, Jaẏa hē, Jaẏa hē, jaẏa jaẏa jaẏa jaẏa hē.</poem>
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>The way of life is somber as it moves through ups and downs, but we, the pilgrims, have followed it through ages.
Oh! Eternal Charioteer, the wheels of your chariot echo day and night in the path
In the midst of fierce revolution, your conch shell sounds.
You save us from fear and misery.
Oh! You who guide the people through torturous path, victory be to You, dispenser of the destiny of India!
Victory, victory, victory to You!</poem>
|-
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>ঘোরতিমিরঘন নিবিড় নিশীথে পীড়িত মূর্ছিত দেশে
জাগ্রত ছিল তব অবিচল মঙ্গল নতনয়নে অনিমেষে।
দুঃস্বপ্নে আতঙ্কে রক্ষা করিলে অঙ্কে
স্নেহময়ী তুমি মাতা।
জনগণদুঃখত্রায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা!
জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় জয় জয় জয় হে॥</poem>
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>Ghōro timiro ghōno nibiro nishithe pirito murchhito deshe
Jagrōto chhilo tōbo obichōlo mōngolo nōtonōyone ōnimeshe.
Duːšopone atōnke rōkkha korile ōnke
Snehomoyi tumi mata.
Jōno gōno duːkhotrayōko jōyo he Bharōto bhagyo bidhata!
Jōyo he, jōyo he, jōyo he, jōyo jōyo jōyo jōyo he.</poem>
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>Ghōratimiraghana nibiṛa{{efn|name=niviṛa|Sanskrit transliteration "niviṛa"}} niśīthē pīṛita mūrchita dēśē
Jāgrata chila taba{{efn|name=tava}} abicala{{efn|name=avicala|Sanskrit transliteration "avicala"}} maṅgala natanaẏanē animeṣē /
Duḥsbapnē{{efn|name=duḥsvapnē|Sanskrit transliteration "duḥsvapnē"}} ātaṅkē rakṣā karilē aṅkē
Snēhamaẏī tumi mātā /
Janaganaduḥkhatrāẏaka jaẏa hē Bhāratabhāgyabidhātā{{efn|name=Bhāratabhāgyavidhātā}}!
Jaẏa hē, Jaẏa hē, Jaẏa hē, jaẏa jaẏa jaẏa jaẏa hē.</poem>
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>During the bleakest of nights, when the whole country was sick and in swoon
Wakeful remained Your incessant blessings, through Your lowered but wink-less eyes
Through nightmares and fears, you protected us on Your lap,
Oh Loving Mother
Oh! You who have removed the misery of the people, victory be to You, dispenser of the destiny of India!
Victory, victory, victory to You!</poem>
|-
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>রাত্রি প্রভাতিল, উদিল রবিচ্ছবি পূর্ব-উদয়গিরিভালে –
গাহে বিহঙ্গম, পূণ্য সমীরণ নবজীবনরস ঢালে।
তব করুণারুণরাগে নিদ্রিত ভারত জাগে
তব চরণে নত মাথা।
জয় জয় জয় হে জয় রাজেশ্বর ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা!
জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় জয় জয় জয় হে॥</poem>
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>Ratri probhatilo, udilo robichchhobi purbo udōyo giri bhale
Gahe bihōngōmo, punyo šomirōno nōbo jibōnorōšo dhale.
Tōbo korunaruno rage nidrito Bharōto jage
Tōbo chōrone nōto matha.
Jōyo jōyo jōyo he jōyo rajeshwōro Bharōto bhagyo bidhata!
Jōyo he, jōyo he, jōyo he, jōyo jōyo jōyo jōyo he.</poem>
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>Rātri prabhātila, udila rabicchabi{{efn|name=ravicchavi|Sanskrit transliteration "ravicchavi"}} pūrba-udaẏagiribhālē{{efn|name=pūrva-udaẏagiribhālē|Sanskrit transliteration "pūrva-udaẏagiribhālē"}} -
Gāgē bigaṅgama,{{efn|name=vigaṅgama|Sanskrit transliteration "vigaṅgama"}} pūrnya samīrana nabajībanarasa{{efn|name=navajīvanarasa|Sanskrit transliteration "navajīvanarasa"}} ḍhālē /
Taba{{efn|name=tava}} karunārurarāgē nidrita Bhārata jāgē
taba{{efn|name=tava}} caranē nata māthā /
Jaẏa Jaẏa Jaẏa hē jaẏa rājēśbara{{efn|name=rājēśvara|Sanskrit transliteration "rājēśvara"}} Bhāratabhāgyabidhātā{{efn|name=Bhāratabhāgyavidhātā}}!
Jaẏa hē, Jaẏa hē, Jaẏa hē, jaẏa jaẏa jaẏa jaẏa hē.</poem>
| style='border-style: none solid none solid;' |<poem>The night is over, and the Sun has risen over the hills of the eastern horizon.
The birds are singing, and a gentle auspicious breeze is pouring the elixir of new life.
By the halo of Your compassion, India that was asleep is now waking
On your feet we now lay our heads
Oh! Victory, victory, victory to you, the Supreme King, victory be to You, dispenser of the destiny of India!
Victory, victory, victory to You!</poem>
|}
</div>

Apart from the above translation which follows the original very closely, [[Tagore]]'s own interpretation of ''Jana Gana Mana'' in English is available as {{cite wikisource |title=The Morning Song of India}}.

==See also==
* [[Jana Gana Mana (The National Anthem of India)]]
* [[Rabindranath Tagore]]
* [[Vande Mataram]]-The National Song of India
* [[Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay]]
* [[Jana Gana Mana Video]]
* An earlier poem by Tagore (''[[Amar Shonar Bangla]]'') was later selected as the national anthem of Bangladesh.
* [[Chitto Jetha Bhayshunyo]] ("Where the Mind is Without Fear...Into that heaven of freedom, Let my country awake!") -a patriotic poem from [[Gitanjali]] by [[Rabindranath Tagore]]
* [[Ekla Chalo Re]]- A poem by [[Rabindranath Tagore]] and publicised by [[Subhas Chandra Bose]]
* [[Indian National Pledge]] by [[Pydimarri Venkata Subba Rao]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}
* {{Citation
|surname1 = Dutta
|given1 = K.
|surname2 = Robinson
|given2 = A.
|year = 1995
|title = Rabindranath Tagore: The Myriad-Minded Man
|publisher = St. Martin's Press
|isbn = 0-312-14030-4
|url-access = registration
|url = https://archive.org/details/rabindranathtago00dutt_0
}}
* {{Citation
|surname1 = Sekhar Mittra
|surname2 = Sitansu
|year=2001
|title=Bengal's Renaissance
|publisher=Academic Publishers, Kolkata
|isbn=81-87504-18-8
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WPFeBY9YEAQC
}}

==Notes==
{{noteslist}}

==External links==
{{Contains special characters|Indic}}
*[[:s:The Morning Song of India|The Morning Song of India]]

{{Rabindranath Tagore}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Rabindranath Tagore]]
[[Category:Bengali-language literature]]
[[Category:Indian songs]]
[[Category:Indian patriotic songs]]
[[Category:Songs written by Rabindranath Tagore]]
[[Category:Bengali-language songs]]
[[Category:1911 in India]]
[[Category:20th century in Kolkata]]
[[Category:Rabindra Sangeet]]
[[Category:Bengali music]]
[[Category:Poems_by_Rabindranath_Tagore]]

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Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata