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Veer Lorik Stone

2021-06-06T07:51:58Z

2405:204:560A:78E2:6840:5663:766C:8A5E: Edited

{{Merge to|Veer Lorik|discuss=Talk:Veer Lorik#Proposed merge of Veer Lorik Stone into Veer Lorik|date=January 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2015}}
{{Infobox historic site
| name = Veer Lorik Stone
| image =
| caption = Veer Lorik Patthar
|location = Markundi Hill, [[Sonbhadra district]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]
| nearest_city = [[Robertsganj]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]
| designation1 =
| designation1_offname =
| designation1_type =
| designation1_criteria =
| designation1_number =
| designation1_free1name = Love sign of
| designation1_free1value = [[Veer Lorik]] and Manjari
| designation1_free2name = Cut by
| designation1_free2value = [[Veer Lorik]]
| designation1_date =
}}
'''Veer Lorik Stone,''' also known in Hindi as ''Veer Lorik Patthar'' (English ''veer'';brave, ''patthar'';stone), is situated around 5 km from [[Robertsganj]] on Markundi Hill, in the northern Indian state of [[Uttar Pradesh]]. It is a symbol of love and bravery of Lorik and Manjari, the main characters of the local folklore ‘Loriki’. According to the folk tale, [[Yadav]] Veer Lorik cut this stone, using his sword, in a single stroke, as proof of his true love. Several folk songs, sung by native folksingers, are based on Loriki. [[Govardhan Puja]], a Hindu festival, is celebrated here every year.<ref name="jagaran#">{{cite news|title=Khaulte dudh se kiya snan|url=http://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/sonbhadra-11724648.html|access-date=2 March 2016|agency=Jagaran|issue=daily|publisher= www.Jagaran.com|date=25 October 2014}}</ref>

== Story ==
During the 5th century, there was a state called [[Agori Fort|Agori]] along the Son River (now located in [[Sonbhadra district]]). Molagat, the ruling king of the state, despite being a very good king, was jealous of a [[Yadav]] man named Mehra because of the power he wielded. One day King Molagat invited Mehra to a gambling match. It was proposed that the winner of the gambling game will rule over the state. Mehra accepted the king's proposal and they began gambling. The king lost everything and had to leave his kingdom. Seeing the plight of the king, [[Lord Brahma]] came as a disguised monk and gave him some coins, assuring him that once he plays a game with those coins, his rule would return. The king obeyed, and won. Mehra lost six times and gambled everything away, including his wife, who was pregnant. In the seventh time, he lost his wife's womb as well. But the king seemed to show generosity towards Mehra. He said that if the upcoming baby is a boy then he will work in the stables and if it is girl, she will be appointed in the service of the Queen.

Mehra's seventh child was born as a girl, and named Manjari. When the King discovered this, he sent soldiers to bring Manjari to him. But Manjari's mother refused to part with her daughter. Instead, she sent a message to the king that he would have to kill Manjari's husband if he wanted to take her with him.

Hence, Manjari's parents were anxious to find a suitor for Manjari who could defeat the king after the wedding. Manjari asked her parents to go to the place of the people named Balia where they will find a youngster named [[Yadav]] [[Veer Lorik]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=syip6LKz78kC|title=Bihar : Ek Sanstkritik Vaibhav, from..._Shankar Dayal Singh – Google Books|access-date=22 June 2020|isbn=81-7182-294-0|last1=Singh|first1=Shankar Dayal}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=बलिया के वीर ने पत्थर के सीने में जड़ा प्रेम|url=https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/sonbhadra-the-hero-of-ballia-thrown-into-the-stone-chest-17306943.html|website=[[Jagran]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lfpHv65tB7UC|title=Kala ka Saundrya-1– Google Books|access-date=22 June 2020|isbn=978-81-8143-888-1}}</ref> He was her lover in a previous life, and also capable of defeating the king.

Manjari and Lorik's fathers met and the marriage gets fixed. Lorik comes over with half a million people for the wedding, to marry Manjari.
When they reached the bank of the river son, the king sent his troops to fight Lorik and capture Manjari.
Lorik seemed to be defeated in the war. Manjari, being an extraordinary girl, goes to Veer Lorik and tells him that there is a village named [[Gothani]] near the [[Agori Fort]] . She tells him that there is a temple of Lord Shiva in that village and if he goes there and prays to the god, victory will be his.

Lorik does what Manjari said and wins the war so the both married each other. Before leaving the threshold of the village, Manjari tells Lorik to do something great so that the people remember that they loved each other to such an extent.
[[Veer Lorik]] asked Manjari that what must he do so that it becomes a symbol of true love and no loving couple would ever return disappointed from here.
Manjari, pointing at a stone, asked Lorik to cut the stone with the same sword he used to kill the King. Lorik did the same,the stone got cut in two pieces.Manjari applied vermilion to her head from a fragmented rock and made the ''Veer Lorik Stone'' as Sign of true love, to stand there forever.<ref name="patrika">{{cite news|title=great love story of manjari and lorik |url=http://www.patrika.com/news/varanasi/great-love-story-of-manjari-and-lorik-12235/|access-date=13 July 2016|work=www.patrika.com}}</ref>

==Importance==
During [[Govardhan Puja]], many couples come here to pray for everlasting love, like that of [[Veer Lorik]] and Manjari.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.patrika.com/news/sonbhadra/foundation-day-of-sonbhadra-1523331 |title=सोनभद्र का स्थापना दिवस-28 साल से छला जा रहा इस जिले का निवासी Patrika Hindi }}</ref>

== Near By ==
*[[Son View Point]]
*[[Salkhan Fossils Park]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Read more==
*[[Veer Lorik]]
*[[Sonbhadra]]

{{coord missing|Uttar Pradesh}}

[[Category:Geology of Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Sonbhadra district]]
[[Category:Rock formations of India]]

Bihari diaspora

2021-06-05T07:26:11Z

2405:204:560A:78E2:6840:5663:766C:8A5E: /* Caribbean, Fiji, Mauritius, Myanmar and South Africa */

'''Bihari diaspora''' are the people from [[Bihar]] who resides outside of [[India]].

==Pakistan and Bangladesh==
{{further|Stranded Pakistanis|Muhajir people}}
During the partition of India in 1947, many Biharis moved to both [[West Pakistan]] and [[East Pakistan]], where they were counted among other [[Muhajir people|Muhajirs]] and still are in present-day Pakistan. About one million Urdu speakers moved to what was then [[East Bengal]] adjacent to their Bihar province in eastern India.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Haq |first=Farhat |date=November 1995 |title=Rise of the MQM in Pakistan: Politics of Ethnic Mobilization |journal=Asian Survey |volume=35 |issue=11 |page=995 }}</ref>

When East Pakistan became the independent state of Bangladesh in December 1971, 83,000 Biharis (58,000 former civil servants and military personnel) wanting to leave being ethnic Urdu-speakers, members of divided families and 25,000 hardship cases were evacuated to Pakistan. By 1974, 108,000 had been transferred to Pakistan (mainly by air); by 1981, about 163,000. The remaining Biharis of East Bengal were left behind and found themselves unwelcomed in both countries. Pakistan did not wish to accept the Biharis left in the newly formed Bangladesh as it saw itself a struggling to manage thousands of Afghan refugees at that time,<ref name="BBC2002">{{cite web |title=Musharraf wraps up Bangladesh visit |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/2163374.stm |work=BBC News|date=31 July 2002 |access-date=16 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040504181328/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/2163374.stm |archive-date=4 May 2004 |quote=The president said while he had every sympathy for the plight of thousands of people in Bangladesh known as 'stranded Pakistanis', he could not allow them to emigrate to Pakistan. The president said he would do everything possible to resolve the issue, but at the moment, Pakistan is still struggling to accommodate thousands of Afghan refugees.}}</ref> while Bangladeshis scorned the ethnic Biharis for having supported and sided with the West Pakistan during the war and preferring their native Urdu over the [[Bengali language movement|Bengali Language Movement]].

With little or no legal negotiation about offering the Biharis Pakistani citizenship or safe conduit back home to their native Bihar in India, the Biharis (called "stranded Pakistanis" by some Bangladeshi politicians) have remained stateless for 33 years. The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ([[UNHCR]]) has not addressed the plight of the Biharis. An estimated 600,000 Biharis live in 66 camps in 13 regions across Bangladesh, and an equal number have acquired Bangladeshi citizenship. In 1990, a small number of Biharis were allowed to immigrate to Pakistan.

Pakistan has reiterated that as the successor state of East Pakistan, Bangladesh should accept the Biharis as full citizens. Pakistani politicians and government officials have refused to accept these nearly 300,000 stranded Pakistanis of Bihari origin due to inability to absorb such a large number of immigrants at the moment.

In May 2008, a Bangladeshi court ruled that Biharis who were either [[minor (law)|minors]] in 1971 or born after 1971 are Bangladeshi citizens and have the right to vote.<ref name=reuters051908>[http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-33636220080518 "Court rules that young Biharis are Bangladesh citizens"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161119060855/http://in.reuters.com/article/southAsiaNews/idINIndia-33636220080518 |date=19 November 2016 }}. [[Reuters]]. 19 May 2008.</ref><ref name=bbc051908>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7407757.stm "Citizenship for Bihari refugees"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170725170153/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7407757.stm |date=25 July 2017 }}. BBC News. 19 May 2008.</ref> As a result of the ruling, an estimated 150,000 of the 300,000 Biharis living in Bangladesh are eligible for Bangladeshi citizenship.<ref name=bbc051908/> Although the court ruling explicitly said that the Biharis are eligible to register to vote in the December 2008 elections, the Election Commission closed its rolls in August 2008 without enrolling them.<ref>{{cite news |title=Bangladesh fails to register its Urdu-speaking citizens as voters |url=http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/politics/bangladesh-fails-to-register-its-urdu-speaking-citizens-as-voters_10084746.html |newspaper=Thaindian News |agency=[[Indo-Asian News Service]] |date=15 August 2008}}</ref>

==Caribbean, Fiji, Mauritius, Myanmar and South Africa==
{{see also| Indian diaspora}}

A large number of people from the Bhojpuri speaking regions of [[Bihar Province]] of British India travelled to various parts of the world in the 19th century to serve as [[Indian indenture system|indentured labours]] on sugarcane, cocoa, rice, and rubber plantations in the [[Caribbean]], [[Fiji]]. [[Mauritius]], [[Myanmar]] and [[Colony of Natal|Natal, South Africa]].

A majority of [[Indo-Mauritians]] are [[Bihari Mauritian]]s.<ref name=biharimauritianmajority>{{cite news |title=Mauritians will be able to track Bihar roots more easily |url=http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/uncategorized/mauritians-will-be-able-to-track-bihar-roots-more-easily_10019052.html |newspaper=Thaindian News |agency=Indo-Asian News Service |date=2008-02-19 |access-date=2013-07-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130718233715/http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/uncategorized/mauritians-will-be-able-to-track-bihar-roots-more-easily_10019052.html |archive-date=18 July 2013}}</ref> Most of the Mauritian Prime Ministers were Indo-Mauritians of Bihari descent.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pinkpigeonpress.com/documents/kalapani.html |title=The Indian Diaspora |website=Pink Pigeon Press |access-date=2013-07-18}}</ref> Many [[Indo-Caribbeans]] are of Bhojpuri descent<ref>{{Cite web|title=THE EXPERIENCE OF INDIAN INDENTURE IN TRINIDAD: ARRIVAL AND SETTLEMENT|url=http://www.caribbean-atlas.com/en/themes/waves-of-colonization-and-control-in-the-caribbean/waves-of-colonization/the-experience-of-indian-indenture-in-trinidad-arrival-and-settlement.html|access-date=2020-12-17|website=www.caribbean-atlas.com}}</ref> or hail from the [[Awadh]] region in [[Uttar Pradesh]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-09-14|title=How Hindi travelled to these five countries from India|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/research/hindi-diwas-2018-hindi-travelled-to-these-five-countries-from-india/|access-date=2020-12-17|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{India-ethno-stub}}

[[Category:Indian diaspora]]