United Progressive Alliance

2022-05-08T14:29:27Z

2405:204:28E:4FAE:0:0:16BA:D8A0: robot: Update article

{{Short description|Coalition of the Indian National Congress and its allies}}
{{use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{use Indian English|date=July 2021}}
{{Infobox Indian political party
| party_name = United Progressive Alliance
|native_name= {{IAST3|Sānyūkt Prāgatisheél Gaṭhabaṃdhana}}
| abbreviation = UPA
| founder = [[Sonia Gandhi]]
| colorcode = {{party color|Indian National Congress}}
| chairman = [[Sonia Gandhi]]
| incumbent =
| formerpm = [[Manmohan Singh]] (2004–2014)
| loksabha_leader = [[Adhir Ranjan Chowdhury]]
| rajyasabha_leader = [[Mallikarjun Kharge]] ([[List of Leaders of the Opposition in Rajya Sabha|Leader of the Opposition]])
| eci = Recognised
| national_convener =
| no_of_members = [[United Progressive Alliance (India)#Current membership|15 Parties]]
| foundation = 2004
| position = [[Big tent]]
| ideology = [[Centre-left politics|Centre-left]] to [[Centre-right politics|centre-right]]
| loksabha_seats = {{Composition bar|110|543|hex=#00BFFF}}
| rajyasabha_seats = {{Composition bar|50|245|hex=#00BFFF}}
| state_seats_name = [[State Legislative Assembly (India)|State Legislative Assemblies]]
| state_seats = {{Composition bar|1037|4036|hex=#00BFFF}}
| no_states = {{Composition bar|5|31|hex=#00BFFF}}
|alliance=[[List of United Progressive Alliance members|20 parties]]
|party_logo=United Progressive Alliance logo.svg}}
'''United Progressive Alliance''' ('''UPA''') is a [[Center (politics)|centre]] political alliance of predominantly left-leaning [[political parties in India]]. It was formed after the [[2004 Indian general election|2004 general election]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://electionaffairs.com/parties/UPA.html |title=United Progressive Alliance, UPA, UPA Performance General Election 2009, UPA Tally, UPA in Lok Sabha Elections 2009, India Elections 2009, General Elections, Election Manifesto, India Election News, India Elections Results, Indian Election Schedule, 15th Lok Sabha Elections, General Elections 2009, State Assembly Elections, State Assembly Elections Schedule, State Assembly Election Results|work=electionaffairs.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120205005205/http://electionaffairs.com/parties/UPA.html|archive-date=5 February 2012}}</ref> The largest party in UPA is [[Indian National Congress]] (INC). It formed a government with support from other left-aligned parties in [[2004 Indian general election|2004]] after no single party could get the majority.

==History==
=== 2004–2008: Formation and rise ===
UPA was formed soon after the 2004 general elections when no party had won a majority. The then ruling [[Bharatiya Janata Party]]-led [[National Democratic Alliance (India)|National Democratic Alliance]] (NDA) won 181 seats<ref>[http://www.hindu.com/2008/07/12/stories/2008071260391200.htm Small parties, independents in great demand] {{Webarchive|url=https://www.webcitation.org/5h7IN06jn?url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/07/12/stories/2008071260391200.htm |date=28 May 2009 }}</ref> of 544, as opposed to the UPA's tally of 218 seats.

The [[Left Front (West Bengal)|Left Front]] with 59 MPs (excluding the [[speaker of the Lok Sabha]]), the [[Samajwadi Party]] with 39 MPs and the [[Bahujan Samaj Party]] with 19 MPs were other significant blocks that supported UPA at various times.<ref>Originally the SP had [http://164.100.47.134/newls/membershomepage.aspx 39 MPs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831102348/http://164.100.47.134/newls/membershomepage.aspx |date=31 August 2009 }}. [http://www.rediff.com/news/2008/jul/25upavote1.htm 6 MPs defied party whip] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080726003632/http://164.100.47.134/newls/membershomepage.aspx |date=26 July 2008 }} and have been expelled from the party.</ref><ref>[http://164.100.47.134/newls/membershomepage.aspx Lok Sabha members] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831102348/http://164.100.47.134/newls/membershomepage.aspx |date=31 August 2009}}</ref> UPA did not achieve a majority, rather it relied on external support, similar to the formula adopted by the previous minority governments of the [[United Front (India)|United Front]], the NDA, the Congress government of [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]], and earlier governments of [[V. P. Singh]] and [[Chandra Shekhar]].

An informal alliance had existed prior to the elections as several of the constituent parties had developed seat-sharing agreements in many states. After the election the results of negotiations between parties were announced. The UPA government's policies were initially guided by a [[common minimum programme]] that the alliance hammered out with consultations with [[Jyoti Basu]] and [[Harkishan Singh Surjeet]] of the 59-member Left Front.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Congress_pins_hopes_on_Jyoti_Basu/articleshow/3228282.cms |work=The Times of India |title=Congress pins hopes on Jyoti Basu }}{{dead link|date=May 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Hence, government policies were generally perceived as centre-left, reflecting the [[Centrism|centrist]] policies of the INC.

During the tenure of [[Jharkhand]] Chief Minister [[Madhu Koda]], the constituents of the UPA were, by mutual consent, supporting his government.<ref>[http://www.rediff.com/news/2006/sep/14jhar5.htm Madhu Koda to be next Jharkhand CM] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080103105644/http://www.rediff.com/news/2006/sep/14jhar5.htm |date=3 January 2008 }}. Retrieved 26 March 2007.</ref>

On 22 July 2008, the UPA survived a [[2008 Lok Sabha vote of confidence|vote of confidence]] in the parliament brought on by the Left Front withdrawing their support in protest at the [[India–United States Civil Nuclear Agreement]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7519860.stm|title=Indian government survives vote|publisher=BBC News|date=22 July 2008|access-date=5 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081007055456/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7519860.stm|archive-date=7 October 2008|url-status=live}}</ref> The Congress party and its leaders along with then SP leader Amar Singh were accused of a "cash for vote" scam as part of the [[cash-for-votes scandal]], in which they were accused of buying votes in Lok Sabha to save the government.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/cash-for-votes-scam-amar-singh-secrets/1/147148.html|title=Cash-for-votes scam: The deadly secrets of sting Singh : Cover Story - India Today|work=intoday.in|access-date=19 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714180203/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/cash-for-votes-scam-amar-singh-secrets/1/147148.html|archive-date=14 July 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.oneindia.in/feature/2011/2008-cash-for-vote-scam-rocks-in-2011.html|title=Cash For Vote Scam - Amar Singh - Supreme Court - Sudheendra Kulkarni - Swamajwadi Party - BJP|work=oneindia.com|access-date=19 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140707031328/http://news.oneindia.in/feature/2011/2008-cash-for-vote-scam-rocks-in-2011.html|archive-date=7 July 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/cashforvote-scam-2008-court-orders-further-probe/1017051/|title=Cash-for-vote scam 2008: Court orders further probe|work=indianexpress.com|access-date=19 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109090341/http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/cashforvote-scam-2008-court-orders-further-probe/1017051/|archive-date=9 January 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> During UPA I the economy saw steady economic growth and many people escaped poverty.

=== 2009–2014: Struggles ===
In the Indian General Election in 2009, the UPA won 262 seats, of which the INC accounted for 206. During UPA II, the alliance was broiled in scams. This ranged from 2G spectrum to Coalgate scam. These scams impacted UPA's image nationwide and the approval rating for the govt fell. In addition many members left for [[YSR Congress Party|YSRCP]]. This started a domino effect with members leaving to form their own parties and parties such as DMK leaving the alliance altogether. During this time UPA struggled with state election and leadership stability. The alliance suffered a defeat in 2019 Lok Sabha elections as it won only 60 seats. In addition UPA won only one state election and got wiped out from [[Andhra Pradesh]] 0 where they previously had 150+ MLA.

=== 2015–2019: Slump, rise back ===
From 2014 to 2017, UPA won only 3 state elections. This was blamed on the alliance's failed leadership and weakness compared to the NDA. In addition the part lost power in states where they had once won state elections as in Bihar. In 2017 the alliance lost again. In 2018 UPA had a phenomenal comeback in the state elections as the party won important in [[Karnataka]], [[Rajasthan]] and others. More parties joined the alliance and it was stronger than ever.

In 2019 Indian general election when UPA won only 91 seats in the general election and failed to secure the opposition post. The alliance lost another state to BJP with the party winning by-polls and pushing the UPA into the minority.

Towards the end of 2019, the alliance made huge gains in [[Haryana]], won in [[Jharkhand]] and formed a sub alliance called [[Maha Vikas Aghadi]] to form the [[Government of Maharashtra|government in Maharashtra]] with [[Uddhav Thackeray]] of [[Shiv Sena]] leading the [[Thackeray ministry|ministry]]. Shiv Sena had been a member of NDA for twenty five years. It left NDA and joined UPA in 2019.<ref name="Wasted 25 Years">{{cite news |title="Wasted 25 Years In Alliance With BJP...," Says Uddhav Thackeray |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/uddhav-thackeray-says-wasted-25-years-in-alliance-with-bjp-2725461 |access-date=24 January 2022 |work=NDTV.com |date=23 January 2022}}</ref>

=== 2020–present: Continuation ===
Since 2020, more parties joined the alliance. The alliance lost the [[Bihar]] election that everyone expected it to win. In addition UPA only won 1 out of the 5 state elections in 2021. However the alliance made significant gain in a number of MLA races.

==Membership==
{{Main|List of United Progressive Alliance members}}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! colspan="2" style="width:30px;" |Party
! style="width:100px;"|MPs in Lok Sabha
! style="width:100px;"|MPs in Rajya Sabha
!MLA in state legislature
! style="width:170px;"|Base state
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Indian National Congress}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |1
| {{Flagicon image|INC Flag Official.jpg}} [[Indian National Congress]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 52
| style="text-align: center;" | 29
| style="text-align: center;" |688
| style="text-align: center;" | [[List of recognised political parties in India#National|National Party]]
|-
|style="background-color:{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |2
| {{Flagicon image|Flag DMK.svg}} [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 24
| style="text-align: center;" | 10
| style="text-align: center;" |139
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Tamil Nadu]]
[[Puducherry (union territory)|Puducherry]]
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |3
| {{Flagicon image|Flag of Nationalist Congress Party.svg}} [[Nationalist Congress Party]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 5
| style="text-align: center;" | 4
| style="text-align: center;" |59
| style="text-align: center;" | [[List of recognised political parties in India#National|National Party]]
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Indian Union Muslim League}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |4
| {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Indian Union Muslim League.svg}} [[Indian Union Muslim League]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 3
| style="text-align: center;" | 1
| style="text-align: center;" | 15
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Kerala]]
|-
| style="background:#fa0019; text-align:center; color:white;"|5
| {{Flagicon image|JKNC-flag.svg}} [[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 3
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" |0
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Jammu and Kashmir (state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |6
|[[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 1
| style="text-align: center;" | 1
| style="text-align: center;" |30
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Jharkhand]]
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |7
| {{Flagicon image|MDMK.svg}} [[Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" | 1
| style="text-align: center;" |0
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Tamil Nadu]]
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |8
|{{Flagicon image|RSP-flag.svg}} [[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 1
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" |0
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Kerala]]
|-
| style="background:#d10; text-align:center; color:white;"|9
| {{Flagicon image|Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi banner.png}} [[Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 1
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" |4
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Tamil Nadu]]
|-
| style="background:#353982; text-align:center; color:white;"|10
|[[Goa Forward Party]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" |1
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Goa]]
|-
| style="background:purple; text-align:center; color:white;"|11
|[[Bahujan Vikas Aaghadi]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" |3
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Maharashtra]]
|-
| style="background:#00f; text-align:center; color:white;"|12
|[[Prahar Janshakti Party]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" |2
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Maharashtra]]
|-
| style="background:#c60; text-align:center; color:white;"|13
|[[Kerala Congress]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" |2
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Kerala]]
|-
| style="background:#ccf; text-align:center; color:white;"|14
|[[Revolutionary Marxist Party of India]]
| style="text-align: center;" |0
| style="text-align: center;" |0
| style="text-align: center;" |1
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Kerala]]
|-
| style="background:teal; text-align:center; color:white;"|15
|[[Nationalist Congress Kerala]]
| style="text-align: center;" |0
| style="text-align: center;" |0
| style="text-align: center;" |1
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Kerala]]
|-
| style="background:#c60; text-align:center; color:white;"|16
|[[Kerala Congress (Jacob)]]
| style="text-align: center;" |0
| style="text-align: center;" |0
| style="text-align: center;" |1
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Kerala]]
|-
| style="background:#7f00ff; text-align:center; color:white;"|17
|[[Swabhimani Paksha]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" |1
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Maharashtra]]
|-
| style="background:#ff4946; text-align:center; color:white;"|18
|[[Peasants and Workers Party of India]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" | 0
| style="text-align: center;" |1
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Maharashtra]]
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independents}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |19
|Independents
| style="text-align: center;" |0
| style="text-align: center;" |1
| style="text-align: center;" |26
| style="text-align: center;" |None
|- style="text-align: center;"
| style="background-color:{{party color|United Progressive Alliance}}; " |
| style="text-align: center;" | '''Total'''
| style="text-align: center;" | 90
| style="text-align: center;" | 50
| style="text-align: center;" | 974
|[[India]]
|}

== Governments ==
[[File:State- and union territory-level parties.svg|alt=|thumb|250x250px]]
{{legend|#00bfff|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] (2)}}
{{legend|#00ebff|Coalition with INC (3)}}
{{legend|#FF0000|Other Parties ([[Aam Admi Party|AAP]] (2), [[All India Trinamool Congress|AITC]], [[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]], [[Telangana Rashtra Samithi|TRS]], [[YSR Congress Party|YSRCP]], [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]]) (7)}}
{{legend|#000000|President's Rule (2) }}
{{legend|#808080|Without Legislature (5) }}

As of May 2021, the UPA has chief ministers in five states.

=== List of state governments ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! rowspan="2"|S.No
! rowspan="2"|State/UT
! rowspan="2" |Government
! colspan="5"|Chief minister
! colspan="9"|Party/alliance partner
! rowspan="2"|Seats in assembly
! rowspan="2"|Last election
|-
!Name
! colspan="2" |Party
!Seats
!Since
! colspan="2" |1
! colspan="2" |2
! colspan="2" |3
! colspan="2" |Others
!IND
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |1
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly|Chhattisgarh]]
|17 December 2018
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Bhupesh Baghel]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| style="text-align: center;" |71
| style="text-align: center;" |[[List of Chief Ministers of Chhattisgarh|17 December 2018]]
| colspan="9" style="text-align:center;" |'''None'''
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly|71/90]]
| style="text-align: center;" |[[2018 Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly election|11 December 2018]]
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |2
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly|Rajasthan]]
|17 December 2018
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Ashok Gehlot]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
| style="text-align: center;" |108
| style="text-align: center;" |[[List of Chief Ministers of Rajasthan|17 December 2018]]
| colspan="8" style="text-align:center;" |'''None'''
| style="text-align: center;" |13
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly|121/200]]
| style="text-align: center;" |[[2018 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|11 December 2018]]
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |3
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Maharashtra]]
|28 November 2019
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Uddhav Thackeray]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Shiv Sena}}" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Shiv Sena|SS]]
| style="text-align: center;" |57
| style="text-align: center;" |[[List of Chief Ministers of Maharashtra|28 November 2019]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Nationalist Congress Party|NCP]] (53)
| bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Indian National Congress|INC]] (43)
| bgcolor="{{party color|Bahujan Vikas Aghadi}}" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Bahujan Vikas Aaghadi|BVA]] (3)
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |[[Samajwadi Party|SP]] (2), [[Omprakash Babarao Kadu|PJP]] (2), [[Peasants and Workers Party of India|PWPI]] (1)
| style="text-align: center;" |8
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|170/288]]
| style="text-align: center;" |[[2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|21 October 2019]]
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |4
|[[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly|Jharkhand]]
|28 December 2019
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Hemant Soren]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Jharkhand Mukti Morcha}}" |
|[[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|JMM]]
| style="text-align: center;" |30
| style="text-align: center;" |[[List of Chief Ministers of Jharkhand|28 December 2019]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Indian National Congress|INC]] (18)
| bgcolor="{{party color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]] (1)
| bgcolor="{{party color|Nationalist Congress Party}}" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Nationalist Congress Party|NCP]] (1)
| bgcolor="{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation}}" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation|CPI(M-L)]] (1)
| style="text-align: center;" |None
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly|51/81]]
| style="text-align: center;" |[[2019 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election|23 December 2019]]
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |5
|[[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly|Tamil Nadu]]
|7 May 2021
| style="text-align: center;" |[[M. K. Stalin|M.K Stalin]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}" |
|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]
| style="text-align: center;" |133
| style="text-align: center;" |[[List of chief ministers of Tamil Nadu|7 May 2021]]
| bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Indian National Congress|INC]] (18)
| style="background:#1d7fe0;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi|VCK]] (4)
| bgcolor="{{party color|Communist Party of India}}" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Communist Party of India|CPI]] (2)
| bgcolor="{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI (M)]] (2)
| style="text-align: center;" |None
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly|159/234]]
| style="text-align: center;" |[[2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|6 April 2021]]
|}

After the bifurcation of [[United Andhra Pradesh (1956-2014)|Andhra Pradesh]] in [[Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014|2014]], UPA could not regain its power in those two states anymore.

== Strength in legislative assemblies ==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
!State/UT
!MLA seats
!INC
! Colspan=2 | UPA
!Overall seats
! Chief minister party
! {{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}}
|-
| [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Andhra Pradesh]]
| 175
| 0
| Colspan=2 | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|0|175|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[YSRCP]]
| <ref name=":0">[[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Arunachal Pradesh]]
| 60
| 4
| Colspan=2 | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|4|60|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (NDA)
| <ref>[[Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
|[[Assam Legislative Assembly|Assam]]
|126
|27
| style="background:#f00;"|
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]](1)
|{{Composition bar|28|126|hex=#00BFFF}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (NDA)
|<ref>[[Assam Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Bihar Legislative Assembly|Bihar]]
| 243
| 19
| colspan="2"|'''None'''
|{{Composition bar|19|243|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[Janata Dal (United)|JD(U)]] (NDA)
| <ref>[[Bihar Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly|Chhattisgarh]]
| 90
| 71
| Colspan=2 | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|71|90|hex=#00BFFF}}
| '''INC''' (UPA)
| <ref>[[Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Goa Legislative Assembly|Goa]]
| 40
| 11
| style="background:#353982;"|
|[[Goa Forward Party|GFP]](1)
|{{Composition bar|12|40|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (NDA)
| <ref>[[Goa Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Gujarat Legislative Assembly|Gujarat]]
| 182
| 64
| style="background:#757575;"|
| [[Independent (politician)|IND]](1)
|{{Composition bar|65|182|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (NDA)
| <ref>[[Gujarat Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Haryana Legislative Assembly|Haryana]]
| 90
| 31
| Colspan=2 | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|31|90|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (NDA)
| <ref>[[Haryana Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Himachal Pradesh]]
| 68
| 22
| Colspan=2 | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|22|68|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (NDA)
| <ref>[[Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
|Rowspan=4| [[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly|Jharkhand]]
|Rowspan=4| 81
|Rowspan=4| 17
| style="background:#8a0000;"|
|[[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|JMM]](30)
|Rowspan=4| {{Composition bar|50|81|hex=#00BFFF}}
|Rowspan=4| '''[[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha|JMM]]'''(UPA)
|Rowspan=4| <ref>[[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| style="background:green;"|
| [[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]](1)
|-
| style="background:#00b2b2;"|
|[[Nationalist Congress Party|NCP]](1)
|-
| style="background:#f00;"|
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation|CPI(M-L)]](1)
|-
| [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly|Karnataka]]
| 224
| 69
| style="background:#757575;"|
| [[Independent (politician)|IND]](1)
|{{Composition bar|70|224|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (NDA)
| <ref>[[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| rowspan="5" | [[Kerala Legislative Assembly|Kerala]]
| rowspan="5" | 140
| rowspan="5" | 20
| style="background:green;"|
|[[Indian Union Muslim League|IUML]](15)
| rowspan="5" | {{Composition bar|40|140|hex=#00BFFF}}
| rowspan="5" | [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] (LDF)
| rowspan="5" | <ref>[[Kerala Legislature]]</ref>
|-
| style="background:#c90;"|
|[[Kerala Congress|KC]] (2)
|-
| style="background:#cc6601;"|
|[[Kerala Congress (Jacob)|KC(J)]](1)
|-
| style="background:#ff1d15;"|
|[[Revolutionary Marxist Party of India|RMPI]](1)
|-
| style="background:#757575;"|
| [[Independent (politician)|IND]](1)
|-
| [[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Madhya Pradesh]]
| 230
| 96
| Colspan=2 | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|96|230|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (NDA)
| <ref>[[Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| rowspan="7" |[[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Maharashtra]]
| rowspan="7" |288
| rowspan="7" |44
| style="background:#f26f21;"|
|[[Shiv Sena|SS]](57)
| rowspan="7" |{{Composition bar|170|288|hex=#00BFFF}}
| rowspan="7" |'''[[Shiv Sena]]''' (UPA)
| rowspan="7" |<ref>[[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| style="background:#00b2b2;"|
| [[Nationalist Congress Party|NCP]](53)
|-
| style="background:purple;"|
|[[Bahujan Vikas Aghadi|BVA]](3)
|-
| style="background:#f00;"|
|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]] (2)
|-
| style="background:#00f;"|
|[[Prahar Janshakti Party|PJP]](2)
|-
| style="background:#ff4946;"|
|[[Peasants and Workers Party of India|PWPI]](1)
|-
| style="background:#757575;"|
| [[Independent (politician)|IND]](8)
|-
| [[Manipur Legislative Assembly|Manipur]]
| 60
| 5
| style="background:#757575;"|
| [[Independent (politician)|IND]] (1)
|{{Composition bar|6|60|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (NDA)
| <ref>[[Manipur Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Meghalaya Legislative Assembly|Meghalaya]]
| 60
| 5
| Colspan=2 | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|0|60|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[National People's Party (India)|NPP]] (NDA)
| <ref>[[Meghalaya Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Mizoram Legislative Assembly|Mizoram]]
| 40
| 5
| Colspan=2 | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|5|40|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[Mizo National Front|MNF]] (NDA)
| <ref>[[Mizoram Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Nagaland Legislative Assembly|Nagaland]]
| 60
| 0
| Colspan=2 | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|0|60|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party|NDPP]] (NDA)
| <ref>[[Nagaland Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|Odisha]]
| 147
| 9
| style="background:#f00;"|
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] (1)
|{{Composition bar|10|147|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]]
| <ref>[[Odisha Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Punjab Legislative Assembly|Punjab]]
| 117
| 18
| style="background:#757575;"|
| [[Independent (politician)|IND]] (1)
|{{Composition bar|19|117|hex=#00BFFF}}
| AAP
|<ref>[[Punjab Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly|Rajasthan]]
| 200
| 108
| style="background:#757575;"|
| [[Independent (politician)|IND]] (13)
|{{Composition bar|121|200|hex=#00BFFF}}
| '''INC''' (UPA)
|<ref>[[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Sikkim Legislative Assembly|Sikkim]]
| 32
| 0
| Colspan=2 | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|0|32|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[Sikkim Krantikari Morcha|SKM]] (NDA)
|<ref>[[Sikkim Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4" | [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly|Tamil Nadu]]
| rowspan="4" | 234
| rowspan="4" | 18
| style="background:#bc0111;"|
| [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]](133)
| rowspan="4" |{{Composition bar|159|234|hex=#00BFFF}}
| rowspan="4" |'''[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]'''(UPA)
| rowspan="4" |<ref>[[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| style="background:#1e90ff;"|
| [[Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi|VCK]](4)
|-
| style="background:#f00;"|
| [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]](2)
|-
| style="background:#ff1d15;"|
| [[Communist Party of India|CPI]](2)
|-
| [[Telangana Legislative Assembly|Telangana]]
| 119
| 6
| Colspan=2 | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|6|119|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[Telangana Rashtra Samithi|TRS]]
| <ref>[[Telangana Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
|[[Tripura Legislative Assembly|Tripura]]
| 60
| 0
| Colspan=2 | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|0|60|hex=#00BFFF}}
| BJP (NDA)
| <ref>[[Tripura Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Uttar Pradesh]]
| 403
| 2
| Colspan=2 | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|2|403|hex=#00BFFF}}
| BJP (NDA)
| <ref>[[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly|Uttarakhand]]
| 70
| 19
| Colspan=2 | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|19|70|hex=#00BFFF}}
| BJP (NDA)
| <ref>[[Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly|West Bengal]]
| 294
| 0
| Colspan=2 | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|0|294|hex=#00BFFF}}
|[[All India Trinamool Congress|AITC]]
|<ref>[[West Bengal Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
|[[Delhi Legislative Assembly|Delhi]]
| 70
| 0
| Colspan=2 | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|0|70|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]]
|<ref>[[Delhi Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| 90
| colspan="5" |'''NA'''
| <ref>[[Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
| [[Puducherry Legislative Assembly|Puducherry]]
| 33
| 2
| style="background:#bc0111;"|
| [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]](6)
|{{Composition bar|8|33|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[All India N.R. Congress|AINRC]] (NDA)
| <ref>[[Puducherry Legislative Assembly]]</ref>
|-
! '''Total'''
! '''4126'''
! 692
! Colspan=2 |345
!{{Composition bar|1037|4036|hex=#00BFFF}}
! UPA (5)
! 31
|}

== Strength in legislative Council ==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
!State/UT
!MLA seats
!INC
! colspan="2" |UPA
!Overall seats
!Chief minister party
!Vacant (If Any)
!{{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}}
|-
| [[Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly|Andhra Pradesh]]
| 58
| 0
| colspan="2" | '''None'''
|{{Composition bar|0|58|hex=#00BFFF}}
| [[YSR Congress Party]]
|1
| <ref name=":0" />
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[Bihar Legislative Council|Bihar]]
| rowspan="2" |75
| rowspan="2" |3
|
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]] (5)
| rowspan="2" |{{Composition bar|12|75|hex=#00BFFF}}
| rowspan="2" |[[Janata Dal (United)]]
| rowspan="2" |24
| rowspan="2" |
|-
|
|[[Communist Party of India|CPI]] (2)
|-
|[[Karnataka Legislative Council|Karnataka]]
|75
|26
| colspan="2" |'''None'''
|{{Composition bar|26|75|hex=#00BFFF}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|'''None'''
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |[[Maharashtra Legislative Council|Maharashtra]]
| rowspan="4" |78
| rowspan="4" |9
|
|[[Shiv Sena|SS]] (15)
| rowspan="4" |{{Composition bar|39|78|hex=#00BFFF}}
| rowspan="4" |[[Shiv Sena]]
| rowspan="4" |13
| rowspan="4" |
|-
|
|[[Nationalist Congress Party|NCP]] (11)
|-
|
|[[Peasants and Workers Party of India|PWPI]] (2)
|-
|
|[[Independent politician|IND]] (2)
|-
|[[Telangana Legislative Council|Telangana]]
|40
|1
| colspan="2" |'''None'''
|{{Composition bar|1|40|hex=#00BFFF}}
|[[Telangana Rashtra Samithi]]
|6
|
|-
|[[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council|Uttar Pradesh]]
|100
|1
| colspan="2" |'''None'''
|{{Composition bar|1|100|hex=#00BFFF}}
|[[Bharatiya Janata Party]]
|1
|
|-
!'''Total'''
!MLA seats
!40
! colspan="2" | 37
!77/426
! UPA (1)
!45
! {{Abbr|Ref(s)|Reference(s)}}
|}

== Sub-Alliance ==
UPA runs a few Sub-Alliance in an effort to connect to more parties. The goal of the sub-alliance is to get parties which do not want to be in the UPA national level but only in state level :-

* [[Secular Progressive Alliance]] (Tamil Nadu)
* [[Maha Vikas Aghadi]] (Maharashtra)
* [[Secular Progressive Front|Manipur Progressive Secular Alliance]] (Manipur)
* [[United Democratic Front (Kerala)|United Democratic Front]] (Kerala)
* [[Mahagathbandhan (Jharkhand)|Mahagthbandhan]] (Jharkhand)
* [[Sanjukta Morcha]] (West Bengal)
===Disbanded alliances===
* [[Mahagathbandhan (Bihar)|Mahagthbandhan]] (Bihar)

==Past members==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:60%;"
|-
! colspan="2" style="width:30px;" |Party
! style="width:80px;"|State
! style="width:60px;"|Date
! style="width:600px;"|Reason for withdrawal
|-
|
|[[Tamil Maanila Congress|Tamil maanila Congress]]
|[[Tamil Nadu|Tamil nadu]]
|2002
|Merged with [[Indian National Congress|Congress]] in 2002 and Again the party was established in 2014.
|-
|
|[[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhgam]]
|[[Tamil Nadu]]
|2004
|Alliance with [[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]].
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Telangana Rashtra Samithi}}; text-align: center;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Telangana Rashtra Samithi]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Telangana]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 2006
| Differences over proposed statehood for [[Telangana]]
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Bahujan Samaj Party}}; text-align: center;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Bahujan Samaj Party]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[List of recognised political parties in India#National|National Party]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 2008
| Congress opposed the UP government where the BSP was the ruling party
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party}}; text-align:center;"|
|style="text-align: center;" | [[Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 2009
| Congress decided to support [[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference|National Conference]] Government in [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Pattali Makkal Katchi}}; text-align: center;" |
|style="text-align: center;" | [[Pattali Makkal Katchi]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Tamil Nadu]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 2009
| PMK declared that it would join the [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|AIADMK]] led front
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen}}; text-align:center;"|
|style="text-align: center;" | [[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Telangana]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 2012
| Accused Congress led State Government of Communalism
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}; text-align: center;" |
|style="text-align: center;" | [[All India Trinamool Congress]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[List of recognised political parties in India#National|National Party]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 2012
| TMC's demands on rollbacks and reforms not met, including the governments decision to allow [[Foreign direct investment|FDI]] in retail
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Socialist Janata (Democratic)}}; text-align: center;" |
|style="text-align: center;" | [[Socialist Janata (Democratic)]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Kerala]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 2014
| It merged with [[Janata Dal (United)]] on 29 December 2014.
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Rashtriya Lok Dal}}; text-align: center;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Rashtriya Lok Dal]]
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Uttar Pradesh]]
| style="text-align: center;" |2014
|Decided to leave after 2014 election performance.
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Janata Dal (Secular)}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |
|style="text-align: center;" |[[Janata Dal (Secular)]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Karnataka]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 2019
| After JD(S)-INC alliance govt fell in Karnataka, two parties decided to end alliance.
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Telugu Desam Party}}; text-align: center;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Telugu Desam Party]]
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Andhra Pradesh]]
| style="text-align: center;" |2019
|Decided to leave after 2019 election performance.
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Rashtriya Lok Samta Party}}; text-align: center;" |
|style="text-align: center;" | [[Rashtriya Lok Samta Party]]
| style="text-align: center;" | [[Bihar]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 2020
| Withdrawn support before Bihar Assembly Election 2020 & Allied with BSP+ on 29 September 2020.
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Vikassheel Insaan Party}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |
|style="text-align: center;" |[[Vikassheel Insaan Party]]
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Bihar]]
| style="text-align: center;" |2020
|Withdrawn support before Bihar Assembly Election 2020 & Allied with [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Hindustani Awam Morcha}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |
|style="text-align: center;" |[[Hindustani Awam Morcha]]
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Bihar]]
| style="text-align: center;" |2020
|Withdrawn support before Bihar Assembly Election 2020 & Allied with [[National Democratic Alliance|NDA]]
|-
|style="background-color:{{party color|Kerala Congress (M)}}; text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Kerala Congress (M)]]
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Kerala]]
|style="text-align: center;" |2020
|Decided to join [[Left Democratic Front (Kerala)|LDF]]
|-
| style="background-color:{{party color|Bodoland People's Front}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |
|style="text-align: center;" |[[Bodoland People's Front]]
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Assam]]
|style="text-align: center;" |2021
|Withdrew due to performance in [[2021 Assam Legislative Assembly election|2021 Assam election]].
|-
|style="background-color:{{party color|All India United Democratic Front}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[All India United Democratic Front]]
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Assam]]
| style="text-align: center;" |2021
|Party was expelled from the alliance.
|-
|style="background-color:{{party color|Rashtriya Janata Dal}}; text-align: center;color:white;" |
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]
| style="text-align: center;" |[[Bihar]]
| style="text-align: center;" |2021
|The RJD-Congress alliance ended after seat sharing talks for by-elections failed.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/congress-rjd-alliance-in-bihar-collapses-1867961-2021-10-22 |work=India Today |title=Congress to contest all 40 Bihar Lok Sabha seats in 2024 as party snaps ties with RJD |date=22 October 2021 |access-date=22 October 2021 |archive-date=22 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022091238/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/congress-rjd-alliance-in-bihar-collapses-1867961-2021-10-22 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/bihar-congress-and-rjd-end-alliance-after-two-decades-ahead-of-bypolls |work=Free Press Journal |title=Bihar: Congress and RJD end alliance after two decades ahead of bypolls |date=22 October 2021 |access-date=22 October 2021 |archive-date=22 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022142033/https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/bihar-congress-and-rjd-end-alliance-after-two-decades-ahead-of-bypolls |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Rishabh Sharma |url=https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/sonia-gandhi-dials-lalu-yadav-rjd-congress-alliance-bihar-bypolls-1870103-2021-10-27 |title=Sonia Gandhi dials Lalu Yadav to patch up strained RJD-Congress alliance in Bihar - India News |publisher=Indiatoday.in |date=2021-10-27 |access-date=2021-11-30 |archive-date=29 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029115001/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/sonia-gandhi-dials-lalu-yadav-rjd-congress-alliance-bihar-bypolls-1870103-2021-10-27 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|}

== Poll Performances ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+2004 Lok Sabha Election
!Sr.no
!Party
!Seats Won
!Seat Change
!Vote%
|-
|1.
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|145
|{{Increase}} 32
|26.7%
|-
|2.
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]
|21
|{{Increase}} 12
|2.2%
|-
|3.
|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|16
|{{Increase}} 4
|1.8%
|-
|4.
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|9
|{{Increase}} 1
|1.8%
|-
|5.
|[[Lok Janshakti Party]]
|4
|{{Steady}}
|0.6%
|-
|6.
|[[Telangana Rashtra Samithi]]
|2
|{{Steady}}
|0.6%
|-
|7.
|[[Pattali Makkal Katchi]]
|6
|{{Increase}} 1
|0.5%
|-
|8.
|[[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]]
|5
|{{Steady}}
|0.5%
|-
|9.
|[[Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|4
|{{Steady}}
|0.4%
|-
|10.
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|1
|{{Increase}} 1
|0.2%
|-
|11.
|[[Republican Party of India (Athawale)]]
|1
|{{Steady}}
|0.1%
|-
|12.
|[[Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party]]
|1
|{{Steady}}
|0.1%
|-
! colspan="2" |Total
!218
!{{Increase}} 83
!35.4%
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+2009 Lok Sabha Election
!Sr.no
!Party
!Seats Won
!Seat Change
|-
|1.
|[[Indian National Congress]]
|206
|{{Increase}} 61
|-
|2.
|[[Rashtriya Janata Dal]]
|4
|{{Decrease}} 17
|-
|3.
|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
|18
|{{Increase}} 2
|-
|4.
|[[Nationalist Congress Party]]
|9
|{{Decrease}} 1
|-
|5.
|[[All India Trinamool Congress]]
|19
|{{Increase}} 18
|-
|6.
|[[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference]]
|3
|{{Increase}} 3
|-
|7.
|[[Bodoland People's Front]]
|1
|{{Increase}} 1
|-
|8.
|[[Jharkhand Mukti Morcha]]
|
|{{Decrease}} 3
|-
|9.
|[[All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen]]
|1
|{{Increase}} 1
|-
|10.
|[[Indian Union Muslim League]]
|2
|{{Increase}} 1
|-
|11.
|[[Kerala Congress (Mani)]]
|1
|{{Increase}} 1
|-
! colspan="2" |Total
!262
!{{Increase}} 44
|}

==List of presidents and vice presidents==
Note that it refers to nomination by alliance, as the offices of President and Vice President are apolitical.

===Presidents===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;width:98%;margin-top:0.5em;"
|-
! scope="col" |{{Abbr|No.|Number}}
! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Portrait
! scope="col" style="width:17%;"|Name (birth–death)
! colspan="2" |Term of office
Electoral mandates

Time in office
! scope="col" | Previous post
! scope="col" | Vice president
! colspan="2" scope="col" class="unsortable" | Party<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Presidents of India since India became republic {{!}} My India|url=https://www.mapsofindia.com/my-india/government/list-of-presidents-of-india|website=www.mapsofindia.com|access-date=25 October 2017|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828205416/https://www.mapsofindia.com/my-india/government/list-of-presidents-of-india|archive-date=28 August 2017}}</ref>
|-
! rowspan="4" | 12
| rowspan="4" |[[File:The President of India, Smt. Pratibha Patil.jpg|100px]]
| rowspan="4" scope="row" |'''[[Pratibha Patil]]''' {{small|(b.1934)}}
| 25 July 2007
| 25 July 2012
| rowspan="3" | [[List of governors of Rajasthan|Governor of Rajasthan]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Bhairon Singh Shekhawat]] (2007)
----
[[Mohammad Hamid Ansari]]
(2007–12)
| rowspan="8" |[[Indian National Congress]]
| rowspan="8" style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};" | 
|-
| colspan="2" |[[2007 Indian presidential election|2007]]
|-
| colspan="2" |{{age in years and days|2007|07|25|2012|07|25}}
|-
| colspan="4" |
|-
! rowspan="4" | 13
| rowspan="4" |[[File:Pranab Mukherjee Portrait.jpg|100px]]
| rowspan="4" scope="row" |'''[[Pranab Mukherjee]]''' {{small|(1935–2020)}}
| 25 July 2012
| 25 July 2017
| rowspan="3" |[[Minister of Finance (India)|Union Minister of Finance]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Mohammad Hamid Ansari]] (2012–17)
|-
| colspan="2" |[[2012 Indian presidential election|2012]]
|-
| colspan="2" |{{age in years and days|2012|07|25|2017|07|25}}
|-
| colspan="4" |
|}

===Vice presidents===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;margin-top:0.5em;"
|-
! {{Tooltip|No.}}
!class="unsortable"| Portrait
! style="width:15%;"|Name {{small|(birth–death)}}<ref>
{{cite web|url=https://vicepresidentofindia.nic.in/former-vice-Presidents|title=Former Vice Presidents|website=Vice President of India|access-date=2 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830100438/http://vicepresidentofindia.nic.in/former-vice-Presidents|archive-date=30 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
! Elected (% votes)
! Took office
! Left office
! Term
! President(s)
! scope="col" class="unsortable" colspan="2"| Party
|-
! rowspan="2" | 12
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Official portrait of Shri Mohammed Hamid Ansari, The Vice President of India, 2014.jpg|100px]]
|rowspan="2" | '''[[Mohammad Hamid Ansari]]''' (b.1937)
| [[2007 Indian vice presidential election|2007]] (67.21)
| 11 August 2007
| 10 August 2012
|rowspan="2" | {{age in years and days|2007|08|11|2017|08|11}}
|[[Pratibha Patil]]
|rowspan="2" |[[Indian National Congress]]
|rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Indian National Congress}};" | 
|-
| [[2012 Indian vice presidential election|2012]] (67.31)
| 11 August 2012
| 10 August 2017
|[[Pranab Mukherjee]]
|}

== List of prime ministers ==
{{Further|List of prime ministers of India}}
{| class="sortable" style="border-collapse:collapse; border:2px #000 solid; font-size:x-big; style=;"width:70%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="1"
|-
! rowspan="2" style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"| No.
! rowspan="2" style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"| Prime ministers
! rowspan="2" style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"| Portrait
! colspan="3" style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"| Term in office
! rowspan="2" style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"| Lok Sabha
! rowspan="2" style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"| Government
! rowspan="2" style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"| Cabinet
! rowspan="2" style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"| Constituency
|-
! style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"| Start
! style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"| End
! style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"| Tenure
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
! rowspan="2" |14
| rowspan="2" |[[Manmohan Singh]]
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh in March 2014.jpg|100px]]
| 22 May 2004
| 22 May 2009
| rowspan ="2" |{{age in years and days|22 May 2004|26 May 2014}}
| [[14th Lok Sabha|14th]]
|UPA I
| [[Second Manmohan Singh ministry|Manmohan Singh I]]
| rowspan ="2" |[[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha|Rajya Sabha MP]] From [[List of Rajya Sabha members from Assam|Assam]]
|- style="vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;"
| 22 May 2009
| 26 May 2014
| [[15th Lok Sabha|15th]]
|UPA II
| [[First Manmohan Singh ministry|Manmohan Singh II]]

|}

==List of chief ministers==
{{Main|List of chief ministers from the Indian National Congress}}

{| class="sortable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="1" style="width:70%; border-collapse:collapse; border:2px #000 solid; font-size:x-big; font-family:verdana; text-align:center;"
|+Incumbent chief ministers from the United Progressive Alliance
! style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"|S.No
! style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"|State
! style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"|Name
! style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"|Portrait
! colspan="2" style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"|Cabinet
|-
| 1.
|[[Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly|Chhattisgarh]]
|[[Bhupesh Baghel]]
|[[File:Bhupesh Baghel, June 2018.jpg|80px|border]]
| style="background:#00bfff;"|
|[[Bhupesh Baghel ministry|Baghel I]]
|-
| 2.
|[[Jharkhand Legislative Assembly|Jharkhand]]
| [[Hemant Soren]]
| [[File:Hemant Soren.jpg|80px|border]]
| style="background:#2e7539;"|
|[[Second Hemant Soren ministry|Soren II]]
|-
| 3.
|[[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Maharashtra]]
| [[Uddhav Thackeray]]
| [[File:The Chief Minister of Maharashtra, Shri Uddhav Thackeray calling on the Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi, in New Delhi on February 21, 2020 (Uddhav Thackeray) (cropped).jpg|80px|border]]
| style="background:#e3882d;"|
|[[Uddhav Thackeray ministry|Thackeray I]]
|-
|4.
|[[Rajasthan Legislative Assembly|Rajasthan]]
| [[Ashok Gehlot]]
| [[File:Ashok Gehlot 2012.jpg|80px|border]]
| style="background:#00bfff;"|
|[[Third Ashok Gehlot ministry|Gehlot III]]
|-
| 5.
|[[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly|Tamil Nadu]]
| [[M. K. Stalin]]
| [[File:The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi consoles and shares few words with son M.K. Stalin of Kalaignar Karunanidhi, in Chennai on August 08, 2018 1 (cropped).JPG|80px|border]]
| style="background:#d10;"|
|[[M. K. Stalin ministry|Stalin I]]
|}

===List of deputy chief ministers===

{| class="sortable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="1" style="width:70%; border-collapse:collapse; border:2px #000 solid; font-size:x-big; font-family:verdana; text-align:center;"
|+Deputy Chief Minister from the United Progressive Alliance
! style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"|S.No
! style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"|State
! style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"|Name
! colspan="2" style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"|Portrait
! colspan="2" style="background:#00bfff; color:white;"|Cabinet
|-
| 1.
|[[Maharashtra Legislative Assembly|Maharashtra]]
| [[Ajit Pawar]]
| [[File:Ajit Pawar.jpg|80px|border]]
| style="background:#00b2b2;"|
|[[Uddhav Thackeray ministry|Thackeray I]]
|}

== List of party candidates by election ==
*[[List of United Progressive Alliance candidates in the 2009 Indian general election|2009 Indian general election]]
*[[List of United Progressive Alliance candidates in the 2014 Indian general election|2014 Indian general election]]
*[[List of United Progressive Alliance candidates in the 2019 Indian general election|2019 Indian general election]]

== Timeline ==

=== 2014 ===

* UPA had its worst performance to date in the [[2014 Indian general election|2014 general election]] and ended up losing the power
*The [[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference|JKNC]] left the alliance due to INC deciding to contest in all the seats by itself.
* The [[Socialist Janata (Democratic)]] had left the alliance after it had merged with [[Janata Dal (United)]]
* UPA lost state election in [[2014 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|Telangana]], [[2014 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|Odisha]], [[2014 Sikkim Legislative Assembly election|Sikkim]], J&K, [[2014 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election|Jharkhand]], [[2014 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|AP]], [[2014 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|Maharashtra]], [[2014 Haryana Legislative Assembly election|Haryana]]
* UPA managed to win 1 state election and that was in [[2014 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|Arunachal Pradesh]]

=== 2015 ===

* UPA lost elections in [[2015 Delhi Legislative Assembly election|Delhi]]
* UPA won elections in [[2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|Bihar]]

=== 2016 ===

* UPA won state elections in [[2016 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election|Puducherry]]
* UPA lost state elections in [[2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|Tamil Nadu]], [[2016 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|West Bengal]], [[2016 Assam Legislative Assembly election|Assam]], [[2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|Kerala]]

=== 2017 ===

* [[Janata Dal (United)]] quit the Mahagathbandhan alliance formed by UPA for Bihar and joined NDA giving Bihar power from UPA to NDA
* UPA won in state election of [[2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election|Punjab]]
* UPA lost in state election of [[2017 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|Uttar Pradesh]], [[2017 Manipur Legislative Assembly election|Manipur]], [[2017 Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|Himachal Pradesh]], [[2017 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election|Uttarakhand]] and [[2017 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election|Gujarat]]
* In addition UPA lost the [[2017 Indian presidential election|presidential election]] to NDA's Ram Nath Kovind
*[[Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|MDMK]] (state party in TN) left NDA and joined UPA
*[[Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi|VCK]] (State party in TN) joined UPA after leaving in 2014

=== 2018 ===

* In 2018 [[Janata Dal (Secular)]] joined UPA to help form Karnataka govt
* UPA lost election in state election of [[2018 Telangana Legislative Assembly election|Telangana]], [[2018 Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election|Meghalaya]], [[2018 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election|Mizoram]], [[2018 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election|Nagaland]], [[2018 Tripura Legislative Assembly election|Tripura]]
* UPA won in the state elections of [[2018 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election|Rajasthan]], [[2018 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|Madhya Pradesh]], [[2018 Chhattisgarh Legislative Assembly election|Chhattisgarh]], [[2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election|Karnataka]]
*[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]] ( state party in Bihar) joined UPA
*UPA created a sub-alliance called "Maha Kutami" with TDP, TJS, CPI for the Telangana election however the alliance lost and was ended after the election.
*[[Telangana Jana Samithi]] (party in Telangana) joined UPA

=== 2019 ===

* UPA lost in the [[2019 Indian general election]] to NDA
* UPA lost state elections in [[2019 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|AP]], [[2019 Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly election|Arunachal Pradesh]], [[2019 Odisha Legislative Assembly election|Odisha]], [[2019 Sikkim Legislative Assembly election|Sikkim]], [[2019 Haryana Legislative Assembly election|Haryana]]
* UPA won in state election in [[2019 Jharkhand Legislative Assembly election|Jharkhand]], [[2019 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election|Maharashtra]]
* In 2019 UPA lost power in Madhya Pradesh and Karnataka after the by-polls gave majority to opposition and pushed UPA to minority.
* [[Janata Dal (Secular)]] left the alliance after the fall of Karnataka govt.
*[[All India United Democratic Front|AIUDF]] joined UPA after UPA invited as it was against the implementation of CAA-NRC, and [[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference|JKNC]] joined UPA back at national level after a break-up in 2014.

=== 2020 ===

* UPA lost state election in [[2020 Delhi Legislative Assembly election|Delhi]], [[2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election|Bihar]]
*The [[Kerala Congress (M)|KC(M)]] was expelled by INC from the alliance due to the factions forming in the party.

=== 2021 ===

* 3 MLA have resigned from UPA in Puducherry causing the government to go from majority to minority, and during the no trust confidence UPA fail to prove majority causing the govt to fall.
*[[Bodoland People's Front|BPF]] (left NDA) and joined the alliance ahead of the [[2021 Assam Legislative Assembly election|2021 Assam election.]]
* UPA lost state election in [[2021 Assam Legislative Assembly election|Assam]], [[2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election|Kerala]], [[2021 Puducherry Legislative Assembly election|Puducherry]] and [[2021 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election|West Bengal]]
* UPA won state election in [[2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election|Tamil Nadu]]
* GFP or [[Goa Forward Party]] had joined UPA
*UPA cut all ties with ISF ([[Indian Secular Front]]) after defeat in West Bengal elections.
* [[Bodoland People's Front]] had left the alliance due to poor performance in the 2021 Assam elections.
*[[All India United Democratic Front|AIUDF]] was expelled from UPA.
*[[Rashtriya Janata Dal|RJD]] has left the alliance due to seat sharings for [[Next Indian general election|2024 Lok Sabha Elections]].

=== 2022 ===
*[[Assam Jatiya Parishad|AJP]] or [[Assam Jatiya Parishad]] joined UPA

==Controversies==
The winter session of parliament in October 2008 came under intense criticism from the Left parties and the BJP to demand a full-fledged winter session instead of what was seen as the UPA to having "scuttled the voice of Parliament" by bringing down the sittings to a record low of 30 days in the year. The tensions between the UPA and the opposition parties became evident at an all-party meeting convened by Lok Sabha speaker [[Somnath Chatterjee]] when the leader of opposition, [[LK Advani]] questioned the status, timing and schedule of the current session of parliament.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/Left-joins-BJP-to-sing-chorus-against-UPA/374896/|title=Left joins BJP to sing chorus against UPA|author=Political Bureau|work=The Financial Express|access-date=17 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615133502/http://www.financialexpress.com/news/Left-joins-BJP-to-sing-chorus-against-UPA/374896|archive-date=15 June 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>

Karunanidhi had said he felt "let down" by the "lukewarm" response of the Centre and had demanded amendments in the resolution on Sri Lanka.{{citation needed|date=June 2014}}

One of the amendments was to "declare that [[genocide]] and [[war crime]]s had been committed and inflicted on the [[Eelam Tamils]] by the [[Sri Lankan Army]] and the administrators".

The second one was "establishment of a credible and independent international commission of investigation in a time-bound manner into the allegations of war crimes, [[crimes against humanity]], violations of international [[human rights law]], violations of [[international humanitarian law]] and crime of genocide against the Tamils". Karunanidhi said Parliament should adopt the resolution incorporating these two amendments.<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite news |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-03-19/india/37843259_1_dmk-chief-karunanidhi-sri-lankan-tamils-humanitarian-law-and-crime |title=DMK pulls out of UPA govt over Sri Lanka Tamils issue – ''The Times of India'' |access-date=1 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130529171837/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-03-19/india/37843259_1_dmk-chief-karunanidhi-sri-lankan-tamils-humanitarian-law-and-crime |archive-date=29 May 2013 |work=[[The Times of India]] |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The UPA was criticised for its alleged involvement scams such as the [[CWG scam|Commonwealth Games Scam]] of 2010, the [[2G spectrum case]], and the [[Coalgate scam]]. Apart from the above-mentioned scams, the UPA has been under intense fire for the alleged [[doles]] handed out to the son-in-law of the Gandhi family, [[Robert Vadra]], by UPA-run state governments.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://realty.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/regulatory/cag-raps-haryana-govt-for-showing-undue-favours-to-robert-vadra/46696475|title=CAG raps Haryana govt. for showing undue favours to Robert vadra|work=The Economic Times|access-date=30 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109090341/http://realty.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/regulatory/cag-raps-haryana-govt-for-showing-undue-favours-to-robert-vadra/46696475|archive-date=9 January 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Coalition government]]
* [[National Advisory Council]]
* [[National Democratic Alliance]]
* [[Third Front (India)]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130418073521/http://pmindia.nic.in/cmp.pdf Common Minimum Programme of the UPA.]
*Arora, Balveer and Tawa Lama Rewal, Stéphanie. [http://samaj.revues.org/index2845.html ''"Introduction: Contextualizing and Interpreting the 15th Lok Sabha Elections"'']. ''South Asia Multidisciplinary Academic Journal'', 3, 2009

{{Indian political parties}}
{{United Progressive Alliance |state=collapsed}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:United Progressive Alliance| ]]
[[Category:Manmohan Singh administration]]
[[Category:Political parties in India]]
[[Category:2004 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 2004]]

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