Vishvamitra

2021-08-18T06:08:28Z

2405:204:120D:D37E:751C:9E87:482D:9BF6: /* Trisanku */Corrected Spelling mistake.

{{Short description|Ancient Hindu sage}}
{{About||the 2019 film|Viswamitra (film)|the 1989 TV series|Vishwamitra (TV series)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}}
{{Use Indian English|date= December 2015}}
{{Infobox Hindu leader
| religion = [[Hinduism]]
| image = File:Varma - Vishvamitra Meditation.jpg
| caption = Vishvamitra by [[Raja Ravi Varma]]
| other_names =
| children = Many children including [[Madhuchhanda]], Ashtaka, [[Shunahshepa]], [[Sushruta]] and [[Shakuntala]]
| name = Vishvamitra
| parents = [[Gaadhi]] (father)
| affiliation =
| birth_name = Kaushik
| title = [[Brahmarishi]], [[Rajarshi]], [[Saptarshi]]
| notable works =
| works = [[Gayatri Mantra]]
}}

[[Brahmarshi]] '''Vishvamitra''' ({{lang-sa|विश्वामित्र}}, {{IAST|viśvā-mitra}}) is one of the most venerated [[rishi]]s or sages of [[ancient India]]. A near-divine being, he is also credited as the author of most of [[Mandala 3]] of the [[Rigveda]], including [[Gayatri Mantra]]. The [[Puranas]] mention that only 24 rishis since antiquity have understood the whole meaning of—and thus wielded the whole power of—Gayatri Mantra. Vishvamitra is supposed to be the first, and [[Yajnavalkya]] the last.

==Textual background==
[[File:Coin of Dharaghosha king of the Audumbaras.jpg|thumb|300px|Coin of Dharaghosha, king of the [[Audumbaras]], in the [[Indo-Greek]] style, with depiction of Vishvamitra, circa 100 BCE.<ref name="Rapson"/><br>'''Obv:''' Standing figure, probably of Vishvamitra, [[Kharoshthi]] legend, around: ''Mahadevasa Dharaghoshasa/Odumbarisa'' "Great Lord King Dharaghosha/Prince of Audumabara", across: ''Viçvamitra'' "Vishvamitra".<br>'''Rev:''' Trident battle-axe, tree with railing, [[Brahmi]] legend identical in content to the obverse.<ref name="Rapson">Ancient India, from the earliest times to the first century, A.D by Rapson, E. J. p.154 [https://archive.org/details/ancientindiafrom00raps]</ref>]]
Historically, Viśvāmitra Gāthina was a Rigvedic [[rishi]] who was the chief author of Mandala 3 of the Rigveda.<ref name="jamisonangiras">{{cite book|last1=Jamison|first1=Stephanie|url=|title=The Rigveda: 3-Volume Set|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2014|isbn=978-0-19-972078-1|pages=464|last2=Brereton|first2 = Joel}}</ref> He was the [[purohita]] of the [[Bharatas (tribe)|Bharata]] tribal king Sudās, until he was replaced by [[Vasiṣṭha]].{{Sfn|Jamison|Brereton|2014|p=465}} He aided the Bharatas in crossing the Vipāś and [[Sutudri|Śutudrī]] rivers (modern [[Beas River|Beas]] and [[Sutlej]]).<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Witzel|first=Michael|title=The Indo-Aryans of Ancient South Asia: Language, Material Culture and Ethnicity|publisher=De Gruyter|year=1995|editor-last=Erdosy|editor-first=George|pages=248-249, 251|chapter=Ṛgvedic history: poets, chieftains and polities}}</ref> In later Hindu texts, Viśvāmitra and Vasiṣṭha have a long-standing feud, and scholars have stated they historically had a feud regarding the position of the Bharata purohita. However, this view has been criticized due to lack of internal evidence and the projection of later views onto the Rigveda.<ref name=":0" />{{Sfn|Jamison|Brereton|2014|p=1015-1016}}

Most of the stories related to Vishvamitra's life is narrated in the [[Valmiki Ramayana]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.valmikiramayan.net |title=Valmiki Ramayana |publisher=Valmikiramayan.net |access-date=2013-03-26}}</ref> Vishvamitra was a king in ancient India, also called Kaushik (descendant of Kusha) and belonged to [[Amavasu Dynasty]]. Vishwamitra was originally the [[Chandravanshi]] ([[Somavanshi]]) King of Kanyakubja (modern day [[Kannauj]]). He was a valiant warrior and the great-grandson of a great king named [[Kusha]]. ''Valmiki Ramayana'', prose 51 of Bala Kanda, starts with the story of Vishvamitra:

{{Quote|There was a king named Kusha (not to be confused with [[Kusha (Ramayana)|Kusha]], son of [[Rama]]), a mindson (manasputra) of [[Brahma]] and Kusha's son was the powerful and verily righteous Kushanabha. One who is highly renowned by the name [[Gaadhi]] was the son of Kushanabha and Gaadhi's son is this great-saint of great resplendence, Vishvamitra. Vishvamitra ruled the earth and this great-resplendent king ruled the kingdom for many thousands of years.<ref>{{cite book|title=A Classical Dictionary of Hindu Mythology and Religion, Geography, History, and Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PwsYAAAAYAAJ|publisher=Trübner & Company|year=1870|page=341}}</ref>|author=|title=|source=}}

His story also appears in various Puranas; however, with variations from ''Ramayana''. [[Vishnu Purana]] and [[Harivamsha]] chapter 27 (dynasty of Amaavasu) of ''Mahabharata'' narrates the birth of Vishvamitra. According to [[Vishnu Purana]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mythfolklore.net/india/encyclopedia/viswamitra.htm |title=Viśwamitra |publisher=Mythfolklore.net |date=2007-10-16 |access-date=2013-03-26}}</ref> [[Kushanaabha|Kushanabha]] married a damsel of Purukutsa dynasty (later called as [[Shatamarshana gothra|Shatamarshana]] lineage - descendants of the [[Ikshvaku]] king Trasadasyu) and had a son by name Gaadhi, who had a daughter named Satyavati (not to be confused with the [[Satyavati]] of ''Mahabharata'').

==Life and legends==
=== Birth ===
Satyavati was married to an old man known as Richika who was foremost among the race of [[Bhrigu]]. Ruchika desired a son having the qualities of a Brahmin and so he gave Satyavati a sacrificial offering ([[charu]]) which he had prepared to achieve this objective. He also gave Satyavati's mother another charu to make her conceive a son with the character of a [[Kshatriya]] at her request. But Satyavati's mother privately asked Satyavati to exchange her charu with her. This resulted in Satyavati's mother giving birth to Vishvamitra, and Satyavati gave birth to [[Jamadagni]], father of [[Parashurama]], a person with qualities of a warrior.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Parashurama|date=April 1971|publisher=Amar Chitra Katha Private Limited|isbn=8184823444}}</ref>

===Conflicts with Vashista===
[[File:Viswamitra taking with Vasista.jpg|thumb|left|Viswamitra talking with Vasista]]
Maharshi [[Vasistha]] possessed a divine-cow that was able to give everything that one wished for. Once king Kaushika (Vishwamitra) saw the cow and wished to possess her. He asked Vasistha to hand her over but Vasistha refused to do so saying she actually belongs to Devas and not him. King Kaushika became angry due to his arrogance and attacked Vasistha with all his forces. However, he was defeated by the power of Vasistha's penance and was somehow rescued by Vamdeva. He asked Vamdeva how Vasistha could defeat all alone. Vamdeva told him this happened due to Vasistha's "Brahmashakti". Kaushika then wanted to become gain "Brahmashakti" like Vasistha. Doing penance guided by Vamdeva, King Kaushika became Vishwamitra.

{{Hinduism small}}

In one encounter, Vishwamitra cursed the king [[Harishchandra]] to become a crane. Vashista accompanied him by becoming a bird himself. There were several such instances of violent encounter between the sages and at times, [[Brahma]], god of creation, had to intervene.<ref name="Wilkins">{{cite book|title=Hindu Mythology|last=Wilkins|first=W.J.|pages=380–2|publisher=D.K. Printworld (P) Limited|location=New Delhi|isbn=81-246-0234-4|year=2003}}</ref>

====Alternative version====
Vashista destroys Vishvamitra's entire army by the simple use of his great mystic and spiritual powers, breathing the [[Om]] syllable. Vishvamitra then undertakes a [[tapasya]] for several years to please [[Shiva]], who bestows upon him the knowledge of celestial weaponry. He proudly goes to Vaśiștha's ashram again and uses all kinds of powerful weapons to destroy Vashista and his hermitage. He succeeded in the killings of Vashista's thousand sons but not Vashista himself.

An enraged Vashista brings out his ''brahmadanda'', a wooden stick imbued with the power of [[Brahma]]. It consumes Vishvamitra's most powerful weapons, including the [[brahmastra]]. Vashista then attempts to attack Vishvamitra, but his anger is allayed by [[deva (Hinduism)|Devas]]. Vishvamitra is left humiliated while Vashista restores his hermitage.<ref>{{cite book|title=Life And Values|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1hOHZiLoaP0C|publisher=Sai Towers Publishing|author=Paramahamsa Prajnanananda|page=113|isbn = 9788178990491}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CCw2DAAAQBAJ&q=vashishta+and+vishwamitra+story&pg=PT88|title=A Prince in Exile: The Journey Begins|publisher=Jaico Publishing House|author=Torchlight Publishing|date=23 May 2016|isbn=9788184958614}}</ref>

===Seduction by Menaka===
[[File:Menaka_Vishwamitra_by_RRV.jpg|alt=|thumb|Viswamitra is seduced by Menaka.]]

[[Menaka]] was born during the churning of the ocean by the Devas and Asuras and was one of the most beautiful apsaras (celestial nymph) in the world with quick intelligence and innate talent. However, Menaka desired a family. Due to his penance and the power he achieved through it, Vishwamitra frightened the gods and even tried to create another heaven. Indra, frightened by Vishwamitra's powers, sent Menaka from heaven to earth to lure him and break his meditation. Menaka successfully incited Vishwamitra's lust and passion. She succeeded in breaking the meditation of Vishwamitra. However, she fell in genuine love with him and a baby girl was born to them who later grew in Sage Kanva's ashram and came to be called Shakuntala. Later Shakuntala falls in love with King Dushyanta and gives birth to a child called Bharata.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Sattar|first=Arshia|date=2017-06-22|title=The ultimate male fantasy|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/society/history-and-culture/analysing-the-episode-of-apsara-menaka-and-sage-vishwamitra/article19125560.ece|access-date=2020-09-05|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

However, later Vishwamitra merely cursed Menaka to be separated from him forever, for he loved her as well and knew that she had lost all devious intentions towards him long ago.

Vishwamitra was also tested by the Apsara [[Rambha (apsara)|Rambha]]. She, however was cursed by Vishwamitra.<ref>{{Cite web|title=apsara rambha {{!}} अप्सरा रम्भा को क्यों एक हजार वर्ष तक बने रहना पड़ा शिला, जानिए रहस्य|url=https://hindi.webdunia.com/religious-stories/apsara-rambha-story-in-hindi-118121200066_1.html|access-date=2020-09-01|website=hindi.webdunia.com}}</ref>

===Rise to Brahmarishi===
After cursing Rambha, Vishwamitra goes to the highest mountain of [[Himalayas]] to perform an even more severe tapasya for over 1000 years. He ceases to eat and reduces his breathing to a bare minimum.

He is tested again by Indra, who comes as a poor [[Brahmin]] begging for food just as Kaushika is ready to break a fast of many years by eating some rice. Kaushika instantly gives his food away to Indra and resumes his meditation. Kaushika also finally masters his passions, refusing to be provoked by any of Indra's testing and seductive interferences.

At the penultimate culmination of a multi-thousand-year journey, Kaushika's yogic power is at a peak. At this point, Brahma, as the head of [[deva (Hinduism)|Devas]] led by Indra, names Kaushika a [[Brahmarishi]] and names him ''Vishvamitra'' or ''Friend of All'' for his unlimited compassion. He then goes to meet Vashishta. It was customary that, if a sage was greeted by an equal or superior person, the sage would also greet the person. If the sage was greeted by an inferior person, the sage would simply bless them. Initially, when Vishwamitra greeted Vashishta with the pride of being a new Brahmarishi in heart, Vashishta simply blessed him. Suddenly all pride and desire left Vishwamitra's heart and he became a clean and clear Brahmarishi. When Vishwamitra turned back to leave, Vashishta realised a change of heart and proceeded to greet Vishwamitra. Vishwamitra is also embraced by [[Vashista]] and their enmity is instantly ended.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Vishwamitra - The King Who Became a Great Sage - Indian Mythology|url=http://www.apamnapat.com/entities/Vishwamitra.html|access-date=2020-09-05|website=www.apamnapat.com}}</ref>

===Trisanku===

Another story Vishvamitra is known for is his creation of his own version of ''Swarga'' or heaven, called ''Trisanku Swarga''.

When a proud King [[Trishanku|Trisanku]] asked his [[Guru]] [[Vashista]] to send him to heaven in his own body, guru responded that the body cannot ascend to heaven. King Trisanku then asked Vashista's hundred sons to send him to heaven. The sons, believing that Trisanku should not come to them after their father had refused, took outrage and cursed Trisanku to be a Chandala. Trisanku was transformed into a person with body smeared of ash, clothed in black and wearing iron jewelry. Unrecognizable to his subjects, he was driven out of the kingdom.

In his exile, Trisanku came across the sage Vishvamitra, who agreed to help him. Vishvamitra organized a great sacrifice and ritual propitiating the [[deva (Hinduism)|Deva]]s, pleading that they accept Trisanku into heaven. Not one Deva responded. Angered, Vishvamitra used his yogic powers and ordered Trisanku to rise to heaven. Miraculously, Trisanku rose into the sky until he reached heaven, where he was pushed back down by [[Indra]].

Enraged even more by this, Vishvamitra commenced the creation of another universe (including another Brahma) for Trisanku. He had only completed the Universe when [[Brihaspati]] ordered him to stop. Trisanku, however, did not fully transcend through Trisanku [[Svarga]] created for him. He remained fixed and upside-down in the sky and was transformed into a [[constellation]], which is now known as [[Crux]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://spaceyuga.com/crux-constellation-hindu-mythological-name-trishanku/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120130045439/http://spaceyuga.com/crux-constellation-hindu-mythological-name-trishanku/|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 January 2012|title=Crux – Trishanku|date=30 January 2012}}</ref>

In the process of forming a new universe, Vishvamitra used up all the tapas he had gained from his austerities. Therefore, after the Trisanku episode, Vishvamitra had to start his prayers again to attain the status of a [[Brahmarshi]] and become an equal of Vashista.

===Harishchandra/Ambarisha's sacrifice===
While undertaking a penance, Kaushika helps a boy named [[Shunashepa]] who has been sold by his parents to be sacrificed at [[Harishchandra]]/[[Ambarisha]]'s [[yagna]] to please [[Varuna]]. The king's son [[Rohit]] does not want to be the one sacrificed, as was originally promised to Varuna, so young [[Shunahshepa|Sunashepa]] is taken. A devastated and terrified [[Shunahshepa|Sunashepa]] falls at the feet of Kaushika, who is deep in meditation and begs for his help.<ref name="p1">Pargiter, F.E. (1972) [1922]. ''Ancient Indian Historical Tradition'', Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, p.92.</ref>

Kaushika teaches secret mantras to Sunashepa. The boy sings these mantras at the ceremony, is blessed by [[Indra]] and [[Varuna]] and Ambarisha's ceremony is completed.

In another version of the story, Sunahshepa is lost son of Vishvamitra. When Vishvamitra was Prince of Bharats (Kaushik) - and his name was Vishwarath then, he was abducted by the enemy king Shambar. There, Shambar's daughter, Ugra, falls in love with Vishvarath. Ugra convinces Prince Vishvarath to marry her. Looking at the good character of Vishvarath, Shambar also agrees for the marriage. Soon after the marriage, the Bharatas win the battle against Shambar. When they found their Prince Vishvarath alive, they feel happy but they could not accept Ugra as their future queen as she is an Asura. To convert Ugra into an Sura, Vishvarath creates Gayatri Mantra, but people still refuse to accept her. Soon she gives birth to a son, but to save the son from the angry people, the greatest female sage [[Lopamudra]] sends the child to a hidden place. To Lopamudra and Vishvarath's sadness, people kill Ugra. But the son is saved, without the knowledge of Vishvarath. This child grows young and he comes to sacrifice himself in the ceremony of Ambarisha (or King Harishchandra).<ref>Munshi, K. M. (1933). Munshi Granthavali : 7. Ahmedabad: Gurjar Prakashan (for Bharatiya Vidhya Bhavan).</ref>

===Teacher of Rama===
[[File:Ravi Varma-Rama-breaking-bow.jpg|thumb|Vishvamitra looks at Rama breaks the bow, winning the hand of Sita in marriage. Painting by [[Raja Ravi Varma]].]]

In the [[Hindu epic]] ''[[Ramayana]]'', Vishvamitra is the preceptor of [[Rama]] and his brother [[Lakshmana]]. Rama is prince of [[Ayodhya]], and believed to be the seventh [[Avatar]] of god [[Vishnu]] .

Vishvamitra gives them the knowledge of the ''Devastras'' or celestial weaponry [bala and ati bala], trains them in advanced religion and guides them to kill powerful demons like [[Tataka|Tadaka]], [[Maricha]] and [[Subahu]]. He also leads them to the [[Swayamvara]] ceremony for princess [[Sita]], who becomes wife of Rama.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rama and Lakshmana Slay the mighty tataka|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/lifestyle/spirituality/2018/apr/28/rama-and-lakshmana-slay-the-mighty-tataka-1806617.html|access-date=2020-09-05|website=The New Indian Express}}</ref>

==Works==

Vishvamitra is said to have found [[Gayatri Mantra]]. It is a verse from a sukta of Rigveda (Mandala 3.62.10). Gāyatrī is the name of the [[Vedic meter]] in which the verse is composed.

Gayatri mantra is repeated and cited very widely in Vedic literature{{sfn|Bloomfield|1906|p=392b}} and praised in several well-known classical Hindu texts such as [[Manusmriti]] ("there is nothing greater than the ''Savitri (Gayatri) Mantra''.", Manu II, 83),{{sfn|Dutt|2006|p=51}} [[Harivamsa]]{{sfn|Vedas|2003|p=15–16}} and [[Bhagavad Gita]].{{sfn|Rahman|2005|p=300}}{{sfn|Radhakrishnan|1994|p=266}} The mantra is an important part of the [[upanayana]] ceremony for young males in [[Hinduism]] and has long been recited by [[dvija]] men as part of their daily rituals. Modern [[Hindu reform movements]] spread the practice of the mantra to include women and all castes and its recitation is now widespread.{{sfn|Rinehart|2004|p=127}}{{sfn|Lipner|1994|p=53}}

==Descendants==
Vishwamitra had many children from different women. [[Madhuchhanda]] was also a composer of many hymns in the Rigveda.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.24419|page=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.24419/page/n107 105]|quote=madhuchanda son of vishvamitra rigveda.|title=Indian Caste|first=John|last=Wilson|date=23 April 1877|publisher=Times of India Office|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>
According to the ''[[Mahabharata]]'', [[Sushruta]], the father of plastic surgery, was one of his sons.<ref>{{Cite book|title = An English Translation of the Sushruta Samhita, based on Original Sanskrit Text|last = Bhishagratna|first = Kunjalal|year = 1907|location = Calcutta|pages = ii(introduction)|url = https://archive.org/stream/englishtranslati01susruoft#page/n17/mode/2up/search/Vishvamitra|ref = bhishagratna}}</ref> Ashtaka, who was born from Madhavi, was successor to his kingdom.<ref>{{cite book|title=Harivamsha|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BRnpDAAAQBAJ&q=ashtaka+vishvamitra&pg=PT95|publisher=Penguin UK|author=Bibek Debroy|year=2016|isbn = 9789386057914}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UxFuAAAAMAAJ&q=ashtaka+vishvamitra+kingdom|title=Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers: Farrukhabad|first=Uttar Pradesh|last=(India)|date=23 April 1988|publisher=Government of Uttar Pradesh|via=Google Books}}</ref> [[Shakuntala]] was born from the damsel [[Menaka]]. She was the mother of [[Bharata (Mahabharata)|Bharata]], who became a powerful emperor as well as an ancestor of [[Kuru Kingdom|Kuru]] kings.<ref>{{cite book|title=Holy People of the World: A Cross-cultural Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H5cQH17-HnMC&q=vishvamitra+100+son%27s&pg=PA899|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2004|first=Phyllis G. |last=Jestice|page=899|isbn = 9781576073551}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KtZRAQAAIAAJ&q=vishvamitra+son&pg=PA24|title=Textual Sources for the Study of Hinduism|first=Wendy|last=Doniger|date=23 April 1988|publisher=Manchester University Press|isbn=9780719018671|via=Google Books}}</ref>

Brahmins belonging to Kaushika or Vishwamitra gotra claim that they descended from Sage Vishwamitra.<ref>{{cite book|title=About Me|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ruC1OO9Ez5oC|page=33|publisher=Penguin Books India|author=Pande Bechan Sharma|year=2007|isbn=9780143101802}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=A Classical Dictionary of India: Illustrative of the Mythology, Philosophy, Literature, Antiquities, Arts, Manners, Customs &c. of the Hindus|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WyWMFPyrJmQC|publisher=Higginbotham and Company|author=John Garrett|year = 1871|page=328|access-date=4 April 2014}}</ref> The distinction can be found from the respective pravaras,<ref>{{cite book|title=The Early Brahmanical System of Gotra and Pravara: A Translation of the Gotra-Pravara-Manjari of Purusottama-Pandita |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=QZhtAAAAQBAJ |page=149 |publisher= Cambridge University Press |author=John Brought |date = 26 September 2013|access-date= 26 September 2013 |isbn= 978-1-107-62398-9}}</ref>
#Visvamitra, Aghamarshana, Kaushika
#Visvamitra, Devarata, Owtala
#Visvamitra, Ashtaka

Kaushik is one of the main gotras of [[Brahmins]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Hinduism: Its Contribution to Science and Civilisation |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=qlrXAAAAMAAJ|publisher=Machwe Prakashan|page=65|author=Prabhākara Mācave|year=1994}}</ref>

==In film and television==
* Vishwamitra is shown in the [[Tamil language|Tamil]] movie ''[[Raja Rishi]]'' with [[Sivaji Ganesan]] playing the role of the Sage.
* Vishvamitra is shown in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] movie ''[[Brahmarshi Vishwamitra]]''.
* The TV show [[Vishwamitra (1995 TV Series)|''Vishwamitra'']] (1995) is made on the story of Brahmarishi Vishwamitra. The role of Vishwamitra is played by [[Mukesh Khanna]].
* Vishwamitra is shown in the show ''[[Siya Ke Ram]]'' airing on [[Star Plus]], starring [[Manish Wadhwa]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Just now |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/siya-ke-ram/updates/49816155.cms |title=Siya Ke Ram Latest Updates & Tweets - The Times of India |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |access-date=2018-04-23}}</ref>
*The TV show ''Piya Albela'' is also based on the classic love story of Menaka and Vishwamitra, depicted as a modern-day love story revolving around Naren and Pooja.
*Vishwamitra also appears in [[Shani (TV series)]]

==See also==
{{Commons category}}
* [[Hinduism]]
* [[Hindu mythology]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Rishis of Hindu mythology}}
{{Ramayana}}.
{{Rigveda}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Brahmin gotras]]
[[Category:Rishis]]
[[Category:Sages in the Ramayana]]

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Vishvamitra