Sirohi district

2022-06-14T19:35:24Z

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{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Sirohi}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Sirohi district
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Rajasthan|District]] of [[Rajasthan]]
| native_name =
| image_skyline = Guru Shikhar 2015.jpg
| image_caption = [[Guru Shikhar]], highest point in Rajasthan
| image_map = Sirohi in Rajasthan (India).svg
| map_caption = Location of Sirohi district in Rajasthan
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Rajasthan]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Jodhpur division|Jodhpur]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat =
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 =
| area_total_km2 = 5136
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 1,036,346
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 =
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 =
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name1 =
| leader_title2 =
| leader_name2 =
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 =
| blank_info_sec1 =
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| website =
| official_name =
| subdivision_type3 = [[Headquarters]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Sirohi]]
}}

'''Sirohi District''' is a district of [[Rajasthan]] [[States and territories of India|state]] in western [[India]]. The city of [[Sirohi]] is the district headquarters.<ref name="Census2011_DCHB">{{cite book |title=District Census Handbook - Sirohi, Village and Town Wise Primary Census Abstract |date=2011 |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0819_PART_B_DCHB_SIROHI.pdf |access-date=23 June 2020}}</ref>

As of 2011 it is the third least populous district of Rajasthan (out of [[Districts of Rajasthan|33]]), after [[Jaisalmer district|Jaisalmer]] and [[Pratapgarh district (Rajasthan)|Pratapgarh]].<ref name="districtcensus">{{Cite web |title=District Census Handbook 2011 - Sirohi|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1080/download/3334/DH_2011_0819_PART_A_DCHB_SIROHI.pdf|website=[[Census of India]]|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

==History==
In 1948, Sirohi was taken over by [[Bombay State]] from 5 January 1949 to 25 January 1950.<ref name="Pandya1952">{{cite book|author=A V Pandya|title=Abu in Bombay State: a scientific study of the problem|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BM8BAAAAMAAJ|access-date=5 May 2011|year=1952|publisher=B.K. Patel|page=88}}</ref> Shortly thereafter, on 25 January 1950, the former state was partitioned with Abu Road tehsil and part of Delwara tehsil being joined to Bombay and the remaining portion merging with Rajasthan.<ref name="SirohiCensus2011-B">{{cite book|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/08/0819_PART_A_DCHB_SIROHI.pdf|title=District Census Handbook: Sirohi (Series 9: Part XII-A)|date=2011|publisher=Directorate of Census Operations|access-date=21 March 2019}}</ref> At that time an area of 787 km<sup>2</sup> consisting of [[Abu Road]] tehsil and a part of Delwara tehsil was merged with then Bombay state,<ref name="OperationsRajasthan">{{cite book|author1=India. Directorate of Census Operations|author2=Rajasthan|title=Census of India, 2001: Sirohi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SV3tAAAAMAAJ|access-date=5 May 2011|publisher=Controller of Publications|page=7}}</ref> but it was returned to Sirohi district of Rajasthan State on 1 November 1956.<ref name="Singh1998">{{cite book|author=K. S. Singh|title=People of India: Rajasthan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nqvloPNdEZgC&pg=PA12|access-date=5 May 2011|date=1 January 1998|publisher=Popular Prakashan|isbn=978-81-7154-766-1|pages=12–}}</ref>

Sirohi is also called as "Dev Nagari" since ancient times because of many temples and shrines in the district. Sirohi is also famous for manufacturing of double edged swords,<ref name="Paul2005">{{cite book|author=E. Jaiwant Paul|title=Arms and Armour: Traditional Weapons of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IOzp2aC8ezAC&pg=PA54|access-date=5 May 2011|date=1 October 2005|publisher=Roli Books Private Limited|isbn=978-81-7436-340-4|pages=54–}}</ref><ref name="CompanyThornton1870">{{cite book|author1=East India Company|author2=Edward Parry Thornton|title=A gazetteer of the territories under the government of the East-India company and of the native states on the continent of India, by E. Thornton|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NY4IAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA874|access-date=5 May 2011|year=1870|pages=874–}}</ref> from the time of the [[Chauhan]] Deora rulers (15th century AD) until 1947.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bhaskar.com/rajasthan/sirohi/news/rajasthan-news-gujarat39s-iron-melt-the-sword-of-sirohi-is-keeping-the-art-from-generation-to-generation-alive-mahendra-lohar-095614-4497824.html |title=Sword of Sirohi|access-date=6 May 2019|date=2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Geography==
The district has an area of 5136 km². It is bordered on the west by [[Jalor District]], on the north by [[Pali District]], on the east by [[Udaipur District]], and on the south by [[Banas Kantha District]] of [[Gujarat]].

It has an area of 5139 km (2009 sq. miles). Sirohi district is situated at the south-west part of Rajasthan between parallel of 24° 20′ and 25° 17′ North Latitude and 72° 16′ and 73° 10′ East Longitude.

Sirohi District is broken up by hills and rocky ranges. The [[granite]] massif of [[Mount Abu]] divides the district into two portions, running from north-east to south-west. The south and south-east part of the district, which lies between Mount Abu and the main spine of the [[Aravalli Range|Aravalli]]s, is mountainous and rugged, and is drained by the [[West Banas River]]. [[Abu Road]], a station on the main [[Delhi]]-[[Ahmedabad]] rail line, lies in the valley of the West Banas. [[Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests|Dry deciduous forest]] is common in this part of the district, and the higher elevations of Mount Abu are covered in [[conifer]] forests. [[Abu Road]] is the biggest city and the main financial hub of Sirohi District. Sirohi district has the fewest villages in Rajasthan.

The portion of the district west and north of [[Mount Abu]] is drier, lying in the [[rain shadow]] of the mountain, which blocks the southwest [[monsoon]]. The southwest corner of the district is drained by the [[Sukri]] river, an intermittent stream that drains the western slope of Mount Abu. The northwestern portion of the district is drained by tributaries of the [[Luni River]]. The [[Northwestern thorn scrub forests]] cover the western and northern portion of the district. [[Warada]] is the last village of Sirohi located on [[Sirohi]]–[[Siyana, Rajasthan|Siyana]] Road.

==Demographics==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=1,62,965|13=1911|14=1,89,684|15=1921|16=1,88,781|17=1931|18=2,16,602|19=1941|20=2,35,760|21=1951|22=2,89,791|23=1961|24=3,52,303|25=1971|26=4,23,815|27=1981|28=5,42,049|29=1991|30=6,54,029|31=2001|32=8,51,107|33=2011|34=10,36,346|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=right}}

{{bar box
|title=Religions in Sirohi district (2011)<ref name="Religion">{{cite web |title=Table C-01 Population By Religion - Rajasthan|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11390/download/14503/DDW08C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=census.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|darkorange|96.16}}
{{bar percent|[[Rajasthani Muslims|Muslims]]|green|2.94}}
{{bar percent|[[Jainism in Rajasthan|Jains]]|brown|0.66}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.24}}
}}
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Sirohi district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,036,346,<ref name="districtcensus"/> roughly equal to the nation of [[Cyprus]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Cyprus 1,120,489 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> or the US state of [[Rhode Island]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=2010 Resident Population Data|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau|access-date=2011-09-30| quote =Rhode Island 1,052,567
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 437rd in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 202 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 21.86%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Sirohi has a [[sex ratio]] of 938 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 56.02%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 19.48% and 28.22% of the population respectively.<ref name=districtcensus/>

=== Languages ===
{{Pie chart
| thumb = right
| caption = Languages in Sirohi district (2011)<ref name="language"/>
|label1 = [[Marwari language|Marwari]] |value1 = 76.47 |color1 = maroon
|label2 = [[Hindi]] |value2 = 7.54 |color2 = orange
|label3 = [[Rajasthani languages|Rajasthani]] |value3 = 7.04 |color3 = red
|label4 = [[Bhili language|Garasia]] |value4 = 6.44 |color4 = purple
|label5 = Others |value5 = 2.51 |color5 = grey
}}
At the time of the 2011 census, 76.47% of the population spoke [[Marwari language|Marwari]], 7.54% [[Hindi]], 7.04% [[Rajasthani languages|Rajasthani]] and 6.44% [[Bhili language|Garasia]] as their first language.<ref name="language">{{Cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10220/download/13332/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0800.XLSX|title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Rajasthan|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

==Economy==
In 2006 the [[Ministry of Panchayati Raj]] named Sirohi one of the country's 250 [[Poverty in India|most backward districts]] (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=brgf/> It is one of the twelve districts in Rajasthan currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj|date=8 September 2009|title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme|publisher=National Institute of Rural Development|url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|access-date=27 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf|archive-date=5 April 2012}}</ref>

==Administrative setup==

There are 5 Sub Divisions in the Sirohi district: [[Sirohi]], [[Mount Abu]], [[Sheoganj]], [[Pindwara]] and [[Reodar]], while five tehsils as well as Panchayat Samitis are [[Sirohi]], [[Sheoganj]], [[Pindwara]], [[Abu Road]] and [[Reodar]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/08/0819_PART_A_DCHB_SIROHI.pdf|title=DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK SIROHI - Village and Town Directory|website=[[Census of India]]|access-date=18 Nov 2018}}</ref> Total 162 Gram Panchayts are there for 518 villages in the district and five Nagar Palikas ([[Municipality]]s) are there for [[Sirohi]], [[Sheoganj]], [[Pindwara]], [[Abu Road]] and [[Mount Abu]]. There are three sub-tehsils- [[Bhavri]] in Pindwara, [[Kalandri]] in Sirohi and [[Mandar, Sirohi district|Mandar]] in Reodar tehsils respectively.

== Places of interest ==
[[File:Delwada.jpg|thumb|Adishwara temple, [[Dilwara Temples]] ]]
* [[Mount Abu]]
* [[Sirohi]]
* [[Mirpur Jain Temple]] (18 km from Sirohi City)
* [[Mungathala]]
* [[Shree Pavapuri Tirth Dham]]
* [[Jirawala]]
* [[Chandravati]] Temple, 6 km from [[Abu Road]] city (a historical temple)
* [[Kusuma]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Official website|http://www.sirohi.rajasthan.gov.in}}
* {{Cite web|title=District Sirohi: Gram Panchayat, Samiti and Ward Map|publisher=Excise Department, Government of Rajasthan|url=http://rajexcise.net/web/IMAGES/sirohi.jpg}}

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Sirohi district
|North =
|Northeast = [[Pali district]]
|East = [[Udaipur district]]
|Southeast = [[Sabar Kantha district]], [[Gujarat]]
|South =
|Southwest = [[Banaskantha district]], [[Gujarat]]
|West =
|Northwest = [[Jalor district]]
}}

{{Sirohi district}}
{{Districts of Rajasthan}}
{{Rajasthan}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|24|53|06|N|72|51|45|E|region:IN-RJ_type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Sirohi district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Rajasthan]]
[[Category:Districts in Jodhpur division]]

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Sirohi district