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Prahaar (missile)

2021-12-22T19:02:02Z

2405:201:E021:40C8:90EA:2DC1:5913:6AF: /* External links */ Technical

{{Use Indian English|date=March 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Infobox weapon
| is_missile = yes
| name = Prahaar
| image = The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully flight testing the indigenously developed surface-to-surface tactical missile ‘Prahar’, from Launch Complex-III, ITR, Balasore, in Orissa (cropped).JPG
| caption = Prahaar missile launched from a Road Mobile System
| origin = India
| type = [[Tactical ballistic missile]]
| used_by =
| designer = [[Defence Research and Development Organisation]]
| manufacturer = [[Bharat Dynamics Limited]]
| unit_cost =
| propellant = [[Solid fuel]]
| production_date =
| service =
| engine = Single-stage [[rocket motor]]
| engine_power =
| weight = {{convert|1280|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
| length = {{convert|7.32|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| height =
| diameter = {{convert|0.42|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| wingspan =
| speed = [[Mach number|Mach]] 2<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rout |first1=Hemant Kumar |title=India successfully test fires short-range tactical ballistic missile Prahaar |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2018/sep/20/india-successfully-test-fires-short-range-tactical-ballistic-missile-prahaar-1874747.html |access-date=22 December 2021 |agency=ENS |publisher=The New Indian Express |date=20 September 2018}}</ref>
| vehicle_range = * {{convert|150|km|mi|abbr=on}} (Prahaar)<br/>
* {{convert|170|km|mi|abbr=on}} (Pragati)
* {{convert|200|km|mi|abbr=on}} (Pranash)<ref name=ht723646>{{cite news|agency=Press Trust of India|title=India successfully test-fires Prahaar missile|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/india-successfully-test-fires-prahaar-missile/story-8PExI3qdGqQAMoBqrfkIAP.html|access-date=20 October 2011|newspaper=Hindustan Times|date=21 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180217082721/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/india-successfully-test-fires-prahaar-missile/story-8PExI3qdGqQAMoBqrfkIAP.html|archive-date=17 February 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
| ceiling =
| altitude = {{convert|35|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| filling_weight = 250 kg<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gangadharan |first1=Surya |title=Prahaar India's counter to Pak's Nasr missile? |url=https://www.news18.com/blogs/india/surya-gangadharan/prahaar-indias-counter-to-paks-nasr-missile-11878-745907.html |access-date=22 December 2021 |publisher=News18 |date=27 July 2011}}</ref>
| filling = [[High explosives]], [[cluster munition]]<ref>{{cite news|last1=Isby|first1=David|title=India's Prahaar missile to be tested by DRDO|url=http://www.janes.com:80/article/25267/india-s-prahaar-missile-to-be-tested-by-drdo|work=IHS Jane's Missiles & Rockets|date=29 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131228151259/http://www.janes.com/article/25267/india-s-prahaar-missile-to-be-tested-by-drdo|archive-date=28 December 2013}}</ref>
| guidance = '''Mid-course:''' [[Fibre-optic gyroscope|Fibre-optic gyro]] [[inertial navigation system]]. Augmented by [[GPS]]/[[NavIC]] [[satellite guidance]] <br/>'''Terminal:''' [[Active radar homing]]<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Richardson|first1=Doug|title=DRDO parades its latest missiles in Delhi|journal=IHS Jane's Missiles and Rockets|date=1 March 2012|volume=16|issue=3|publisher=Jane's Information Group|location=Coulsdon|issn=20483473}}</ref>
| accuracy = {{convert|10|m|ft|abbr=on}} [[Circular error probable|CEP]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Design Characteristics of India's Ballistic and Cruise Missiles|url=http://www.nti.org/media/pdfs/design_characteristics_of_india_ballistic_cruise_missiles.pdf|publisher=Nuclear Threat Initiative|access-date=22 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150421034920/http://www.nti.org/media/pdfs/design_characteristics_of_india_ballistic_cruise_missiles.pdf|archive-date=21 April 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
| detonation =
| launch_platform = [[Tatra (company)|Tatra]]-[[BEML]]/[[Tata Motors|Tata]] [[transporter erector launcher |TEL]]<ref name="jdw-28oct13">{{cite news|last1=Hardy|first1=James|title=ADEX 2013: DRDO shows off Pragati tactical ballistic missile|url=http://www.janes.com/article/29085/adex-2013-drdo-shows-off-pragati-tactical-ballistic-missile|work=IHS Jane's Defence Weekly|date=28 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140130041249/http://www.janes.com/article/29085/adex-2013-drdo-shows-off-pragati-tactical-ballistic-missile|archive-date=30 January 2014}}</ref>
}}

'''Prahaar''' ("Strike") is an Indian [[solid-fuel rocket|solid-fuel]] road-mobile [[tactical ballistic missile]] developed by the [[Defence Research and Development Organisation]] (DRDO). Prahaar is expected to replace the [[Prithvi-I]] [[SRBM |short-range ballistic missile]] in Indian service.<ref>{{cite news|title=Prithvi missiles to be replaced by more-capable Prahar: DRDO|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Prithvi-missiles-to-be-replaced-by-more-capable-Prahar-DRDO/articleshow/20852827.cms|work=The Times of India|agency=Press Trust of India|date=1 July 2013|language=en|access-date=16 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180605231209/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Prithvi-missiles-to-be-replaced-by-more-capable-Prahar-DRDO/articleshow/20852827.cms|archive-date=5 June 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Development ==
[[File:Prahaar Missile.jpg|left|thumb|180x180px|Mobile truck-based launcher for Prahaar]]
Prahaar is developed to provide a cost-effective, quick-reaction, all-weather, all-terrain, highly accurate battlefield support tactical weapon system. The development of the missile was carried out by the DRDO scientists in a span of less than two years.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=73407|title=DRDO Launches 'PRAHAAR' - Surface to Surface Tactical Missile|publisher=Press Information Bureau|date=21 July 2011|access-date=24 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141224232815/http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=73407|archive-date=24 December 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> The maneuvering capability, greater acceleration, better accuracy and faster deployment fills the short-range tactical battlefield role as required by the [[Indian Army]] to take out strategic and tactical targets. The mobile launch platform will carry six missiles that can be deployed in stand-alone and canisterised mode, which can have different kind of warheads meant for different targets and can be fired in salvo mode in all directions covering the entire azimuth plane.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.financialexpress.com/defence/india-successfully-test-fires-prahaar-missile/1320791/|title=Prahaar missile test fired successfully: Know what's special about this indigenously developed weapon|date=2018-09-20|website=The Financial Express|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-07}}</ref>

This solid-fueled missile can be launched within 2–3 minutes<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.asianage.com/india/new-short-range-missile-test-july-end-850 |title=New short-range missile test July-end |work=The Asian Age |location=India |date=3 July 2011 |access-date=20 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324123006/http://www.asianage.com/india/new-short-range-missile-test-july-end-850 |archive-date=24 March 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> without any preparation, providing significantly better reaction time than liquid-fueled Prithvi ballistic missiles and act as a gap filler in the {{convert|150|km|mi|abbr=on}} range, between the [[Pinaka Multi Barrel Rocket Launcher]] and [[BM-30 Smerch|Smerch MBRL]] in one end and the [[Prithvi (missile)|Prithvi ballistic missiles]] on the other.<ref name=ht723646 /><ref name="hindu-3jul11">{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-all-set-to-test-new-shortrange-tactical-missile/article2154015.ece|title=India all set to test new short-range tactical missile|author=Y. Mallikarjun|work=The Hindu|date=3 July 2011|access-date=24 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104072945/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-all-set-to-test-new-shortrange-tactical-missile/article2154015.ece|archive-date=4 November 2013|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/prahaar-missile-to-be-testfired-on-sunday/167739-60-117.html|title=Prahaar Missile to be test-fired on Sunday|work=IBNLive|date=17 July 2011|access-date=20 October 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720004912/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/prahaar-missile-to-be-testfired-on-sunday/167739-60-117.html|archive-date=20 July 2011}}</ref>

As per Indian military expert, Prahaar is to counter weapon systems that can fall between 40 km to 150 km range such as [[Nasr (missile)|Nasr]]. DRDO also confirmed that Prahaar is only for carrying out strikes in [[conventional warfare]] with no nuclear use.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gangadharan |first1=Surya |title=Prahaar India's counter to Pak's Nasr missile? |url=https://www.news18.com/blogs/india/surya-gangadharan/prahaar-indias-counter-to-paks-nasr-missile-11878-745907.html |access-date=22 December 2021 |publisher=News18 |date=27 July 2011}}</ref>

== Testing ==
Prahaar was test-fired successfully on 21 July 2011 from the Integrated Test Range (ITR) at Chandipur.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/india-test-fires-short-range-ballistic-missile-120930|title=Short-range 'Prahar' missile test successful|work=NDTV.com|access-date=24 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121007160417/http://www.ndtv.com/article/india/india-test-fires-short-range-ballistic-missile-120930|archive-date=7 October 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> During the test, the missile traveled a distance of {{convert|150|km|mi|abbr=on}} in about 250 seconds<ref name="ht723646"/> meeting all launch objectives and struck a pre-designated target in the Bay of Bengal with a high degree of accuracy of less than {{convert|10|m|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name="autogenerated1"/>

On 20 September 2018, Prahaar was test fired for the second time from ITR, Chandipur.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2018/sep/20/india-successfully-test-fires-short-range-tactical-ballistic-missile-prahaar-1874747.html|title=India successfully test fires short-range tactical ballistic missile Prahaar|work=The New Indian Express|access-date=2018-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180920124700/http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2018/sep/20/india-successfully-test-fires-short-range-tactical-ballistic-missile-prahaar-1874747.html|archive-date=20 September 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Variant ==

=== Pragati ===
The export variant of the system is the Pragati surface to surface missile. It was unveiled for the first time by DRDO at ADEX 2013 in Seoul, South Korea.<ref>{{cite news|title=India develops new surface-to-surface missile 'Pragati'|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/pragati-drdo-army-south-korea-akash-adex-2013/1/320800.html|access-date=28 November 2013|newspaper=India Today|date=29 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203004415/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/pragati-drdo-army-south-korea-akash-adex-2013/1/320800.html|archive-date=3 December 2013|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Rout|first=Hemant Kumar|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2014/nov/05/Tactical-Missile-Pragati-Readied-for-Export-678975.html|title=Tactical Missile Pragati Readied for Export|work=The New Indian Express|date=5 November 2014|access-date=16 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180217082607/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2014/nov/05/Tactical-Missile-Pragati-Readied-for-Export-678975.html|archive-date=17 February 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> Pragati has a higher range of 170 km and shares 95 percent of Prahaar's hardware components.<ref name="jdw-28oct13"/>

== Pranash ==
Due to limited 150 km (93 mi) range of Prahaar, the [[Indian Army]] wanted a new tactical ballistic missile with range of 200 km. The configuration of the new missile called Pranash has been frozen by [[Defence Research and Development Organisation|DRDO]] with the developmental trials beginning from 2021. It will carry a conventional warhead, powered by single-stage solid propellant which will be offered for user trials within two years. India is looking for exporting this missile to friendly nations as it will come outside the purview of [[Missile Technology Control Regime]] (MTCR) which restricts export of delivery vehicle above 300 km range.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/india-to-develop-200-km-range-pranash-missile/story-eev9HZEZo2m6ADnIjSnvcP.html|title=India to develop 200-km range tactical ballistic missile|date=2020-02-06|website=Hindustan Times|language=en|access-date=2020-02-12}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[IGMDP]]
*[[Project Devil]]
*[[Prithvi (missile)|Prithvi missiles]]
*[[BM-30 Smerch]]
*[[Pinaka Multi Barrel Rocket Launcher]]
*[[Pralay (missile)]]

===Comparable missile===
*[[Abdali-I]]
*[[MGM-140 ATACMS]]
*[[LORA (missile)]]
*[[Nasr (missile)]]
*[[KN-25]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://missilethreat.csis.org/missile/prahaar/ CSIS Missile Threat - Prahaar]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5N1l5DMUjw4 First test launch video of the missile]

'''Technical:'''
* [https://www.drdo.gov.in/sites/default/files/technology-focus-documrnt/TF_May-Jun_2018_web.pdf DRDO Technology Focus : Warhead for Missiles, Torpedoes and Rockets]

{{Defence Research and Development Organisation}}
{{Indian missiles}}

[[Category:Short-range ballistic missiles]]
[[Category:Ballistic missiles of India]]
[[Category:Defence Research and Development Organisation]]

QRSAM

2021-12-22T18:53:32Z

2405:201:E021:40C8:90EA:2DC1:5913:6AF: warhead type

{{Short description|Indian surface-to-air missile}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Infobox weapon
| name = QRSAM
| image = Second test of DRDO QRSAM (cropped).jpg
| image_size = 300
| alt =
| caption = QRSAM during its second flight test
| type = [[Surface-to-air missile]]
| origin = [[India]]
| is_ranged =
| is_bladed =
| is_explosive =
| is_artillery =
| is_vehicle =
| is_missile = yes
| is_UK = 
| service = 2020-present
| used_by =
| wars = 
| designer = [[Defence Research and Development Organisation]]
| design_date =
| manufacturer = [[Bharat Dynamics Limited]]
| unit_cost =
| production_date = 2021<ref name="THDec20"/>
| number =
| variants = 
| spec_label =
| weight =
| length =
| part_length =
| width =
| height =
| diameter =
| crew =
| passengers = 
| cartridge =
| cartridge_weight =
| caliber =
| barrels =
| action =
| rate =
| velocity =
| range =
| max_range =
| feed =
| sights = 
| breech =
| recoil =
| carriage =
| elevation =
| traverse = 
| blade_type =
| hilt_type =
| sheath_type =
| head_type =
| haft_type = 
| filling = Pre-[[Fragmentation (weaponry)|fragmented]] warhead
| filling_weight = {{convert|32|kg|lb|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web |title=DRDO Technology Focus : Warhead for Missiles, Torpedoes and Rockets |url=https://www.drdo.gov.in/sites/default/files/technology-focus-documrnt/TF_May-Jun_2018_web.pdf |website=Defence Research and Development Organisation |publisher=Ministry of Defence |access-date=22 December 2021}}</ref>
| detonation = [[Proximity fuze|Optical proximity fuze]]
| yield = 
| armour =
| primary_armament =
| secondary_armament =
| engine =
| engine_power =
| pw_ratio =
| payload_capacity = 22 [[tonne]]
| transmission =
| suspension = [[Leaf spring]] and [[air suspension]] with telescopic [[shock absorbers]]
| clearance =
| fuel_capacity =
| vehicle_range = Missile: {{cvt|3|km}} - {{cvt|30|km}} <br/> Launcher: ~800 km
| speed = [[Mach number|Mach]] 4.7
| guidance = '''Mid-course:''' [[Inertial navigation system]] with two way [[datalink]] <br/>'''Terminal:''' [[Active radar homing]]
| steering = 
| wingspan =
| propellant = [[Solid fuel]]
| ceiling =
| altitude = {{cvt|30|m}} - {{cvt|10|km}}
| boost =
| depth =
| accuracy =
| launch_platform = 6 tube launcher mounted on 8 x 8 [[Ashok Leyland]] or [[Tata Motors]] heavy mobility vehicles<ref name="THDec20"/>
| transport =
| ref = <ref name="DRDO">{{Cite web|title=QRSAM|url=https://www.drdo.gov.in/qrsam|website=www.drdo.gov.in|access-date=2020-12-07}}</ref><ref name="addr-3may16">{{cite magazine |last1=Menon |first1=Jay |title=India to develop Quick-Reaction SAM |journal=Aerospace Daily & Defense Report |date=3 May 2016 |page=4 |publisher=Aviation Week |issn=1553-8591}}</ref><ref name="complete"/><ref>{{cite web|title=QRSAM again successfully test-fired|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2019/state-editions/qrsam-again-successfully-test-fired---.html|website=[[The Pioneer (India)|The Pioneer]]|date=24 December 2019|access-date=25 December 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indiandefensenews.in/2020/11/india-wraps-development-trials-for.html|title= India Wraps Development Trials For QRSAM Missile That Can Shoot Plane 30 Km Away |access-date=15 November 2020}}</ref>
}}
'''Quick Reaction Surface-to-Air Missile''' ('''QRSAM''') is a [[surface-to-air missile|missile]] developed by the [[Defence Research and Development Organisation]] (DRDO), [[Bharat Electronics Limited]] and [[Bharat Dynamics Limited]] for the [[Indian Army]],<ref name="jdw-6jun17"/> meant for protecting moving armoured columns from aerial attacks.<ref name="DRDO"/>

QRSAM has a fully automated Command and Control System. The missile system possesses two four-walled radars both of which encompass a 360-degree coverage, namely, the Active Array Battery Surveillance Radar and the Active Array Battery Multifunction Radar, apart from the launcher while Laser [[proximity fuze]] ensures that missile can't be jammed.

== History ==
As a part of a replacement program for its obsolete [[Osa-AK]] and [[2K12 Kub|Kvadrat]] missile systems, Indian Army received a go-ahead to initiate a global acquisition program for quick-reaction surface-to-air missiles from the [[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]] in September 2007.<ref name="addr-3may16"/> The acquisition program faced multiple issues, including poor response from vendors and re-tendering to avoid single source acquisition.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Raghuvanshi |first1=Vivek |title=Indian Army Seeks New Source of Surface-to-Air Missile Defense System |url=https://www.defensenews.com/home/2016/04/06/indian-army-seeks-new-source-of-surface-to-air-missile-defense-system/ |work=Defense News |date=8 August 2017}}</ref> In the meanwhile, a DRDO project to develop quick-reaction surface-to-air missiles was sanctioned in July 2014 with a budget of {{INRConvert|476.43|c|year=2014}}.<ref>{{cite press release |title=DRDO Projects |url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=158007 |publisher=Press Information Bureau |date=3 February 2017}}</ref> The missile was developed in association with [[Bharat Electronics Limited]] and [[Bharat Dynamics Limited]] with both firms participating in development and manufacturing.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ghaswalla |first1=Amrita Nair |title=BEL's research spend up 10% of revenue |url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/bels-research-spend-up-10-of-revenue/article9610597.ece |work=The Hindu Business Line |publisher=The Hindu Group |date=31 March 2017 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Rao |first1=Sushil |title=Quick Reaction Missile to be developed by BDL and DRDO |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/science/Quick-Reaction-Missile-to-be-developed-by-BDL-and-DRDO/articleshow/52054713.cms |work=The Times of India |publisher=The Times Group |date=30 April 2016}}</ref> In 2017, Indian Army's global acquisition program was dropped in favour of the locally developed QRSAM.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}}

The operational version meanwhile is awaiting production in mid-2021 after use trials.<ref name="THDec20"/>

== Description ==
This missile is an all-weather, all-terrain [[surface-to-air missile]] equipped with [[Electronic countermeasure|electronic counter measures]] against jamming by aircraft [[radar]]s. The missile can be mounted on a truck and is stored in a canister. QRSAM uses [[Solid-propellant rocket|solid-fuel propellant]] and has a range of 25–30 km.<ref name="jdw-6jun17">{{Cite web|last=Bedi|first=Rahul|url=http://www.janes.com/article/71161/indian-drdo-designed-qrsam-successfully-tested|title=Indian DRDO-designed QRSAM successfully tested|date=6 June 2017|work=IHS Jane's Defence Weekly|publisher=Jane's Information Group|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170606141337/http://www.janes.com/article/71161/indian-drdo-designed-qrsam-successfully-tested|archive-date=6 June 2017}}</ref> The single-staged missile utilized by the system is propelled using [[Solid-propellant rocket|solid propellants]]. The missile is equipped with a midcourse [[inertial navigation system]] with a two-way data link and a [[DRDO]]-developed terminal active seeker. The missile uses [[Proximity fuze|optical proximity fuze]] to increase accuracy and defend itself from jamming.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Peri |first1=Dinakar |title=Indigenous quick reaction air defence system to be ready for production next year |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/indigenous-quick-reaction-air-defence-system-to-be-ready-for-production-next-year/article33260806.ece |access-date=9 December 2020 |work=The Hindu |date=6 December 2020}}</ref> The system has the capability to search and track targets while moving with six missiles that can be fired for six different type of targets.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1597212|title=Quick Reaction Surface to Air Missile successfully flight-tested off Odisha coast|date=23 December 2019|website=[[Ministry of Defence (India)|Ministry of Defence]]|via=[[Press Information Bureau]]|access-date=23 December 2019}}</ref>

QRSAM is a compact weapon system and is mobile. It has a fully automated Command and Control System. The missile system comprises two four-walled [[radar]]s both of which encompass a 360-degree coverage, namely, the Active Array Battery Surveillance Radar and the Active Array Battery Multifunction Radar, apart from the launcher.<ref name=":0" />
With a range of {{cvt|30|km}} and ability to intercept a target flying high as {{cvt|10|km}}, QRSAM possesses over 90% Indian made subsystems which will reach 99% incrementally.<ref name="THDec20">{{Cite news|last=Peri|first=Dinakar|date=2020-12-06|title=Indigenous quick reaction air defence system to be ready for production next year|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/indigenous-quick-reaction-air-defence-system-to-be-ready-for-production-next-year/article33260806.ece|location=New Delhi|newspaper=The Hindu|access-date=2020-12-07}}</ref>

== Testing ==
[[File:QRSAM tested on 23 December 2019.jpg|thumb|QRSAM fired from a mobile launcher on 23 December 2019 during its final developmental trial.<ref name=complete/>]]
The first test firing of the missile took place on 4 June 2017. This was followed by the second successful test on 3 July 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/quick-reaction-surface-to-air-missile-successfully-test-fired-4733819/|title=Quick Reaction Surface-to-Air Missile successfully test fired|date=3 July 2017|work=The Indian Express|agency=Press Trust of India|access-date=23 December 2017|language=en-US}}</ref> The test was conducted from Chandipur, Odisha. Around 100 scientists are working as part of the missile development program led by [[Defence Research and Development Laboratory]] (DRDL). DRDO's other labs including [[Research Centre Imarat]] (RCI), [[Research & Development Establishment (Engineers)]] (R&DE(E)) and [[Integrated Test Range]] (ITR) are also contributing to the missile development effort.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://english.mathrubhumi.com/news/india/drdo-s-quick-reaction-missile-hits-target-in-30-seconds-1.2059244|title=DRDO's quick reaction missile hits target in 30 seconds|work=Mathrubhumi|date=3 July 2017|access-date=23 December 2017}}</ref> On 22 December, the missile was test fired for the third time. The test was reported to be a success.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Rout|first=Hemant Kumar|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2017/dec/23/drdos-homegrown-quick-reaction-missile-qrsam-successfully-test-fired-off-odisha-coast-1734849.html|title=DRDO's homegrown quick reaction missile QRSAM successfully test fired off Odisha coast|work=The New Indian Express|date=23 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Pubby |first1=Manu |title=Setback for Indian missile programme: Two failures in a week, submarine version stuck |url=https://theprint.in/report/setback-for-indian-missile-programme-two-failures-in-a-week-submarine-version-stuck/24671/ |work=The Print |date=24 December 2017}}</ref> The fourth test took place on 8 October 2018 and was reported to be successful.<ref>{{cite news |title=DRDO testfires quick reaction missile off Odisha coast |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/2018/oct/10/drdo-testfires-quick-reaction-missile-off-odisha-coast-1883553.html |work=The New Indian Express |date=10 October 2018}}</ref> Fifth test was successfully performed on 26 February 2019.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://pib.nic.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1566363#|title=Twin Success for Quick Reaction Surface-to-Air Missile|newspaper=Press Information Bureau|date=26 February 2019|access-date=26 February 2019}}</ref> The sixth test was conducted on 4 August 2019 at 11:05 am from a mobile truck-based launcher at the launch complex-3 of the Integrated Test Range (ITR) at Chandipur.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/india-test-fires-quick-reaction-surface-to-air-missile/articleshow/70520608.cms|title=India test-fires Quick Reaction Surface-to-Air Missile|date=2019-08-04|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2019-08-05}}</ref> The seventh-test took place on 23 December 2019 from [[Abdul Kalam Island]], which included two firings of the missile. With this test, the development of the missile was declared complete.<ref name="complete">{{Cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/quick-reaction-surface-to-air-missile-completes-development-trials/article30382246.ece|title=Quick Reaction Surface to Air Missile completes development trials|date=2019-12-23|work=The Hindu|access-date=2019-12-23|others=Special Correspondent|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

On 13 November 2020, DRDO successfully conducted test fire of the system and achieved a major milestone by a direct hit on to a [[Meggitt Banshee|Banshee]] pilot-less target aircraft at medium range and medium altitude.<ref>{{Cite news|last=|date=2020-11-14|title=DRDO successfully test-fires Quick Reaction Surface to Air Missile system|work=Business Standard India|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/drdo-successfully-test-fires-quick-reaction-surface-to-air-missile-system-120111400264_1.html|access-date=2021-12-22}}</ref>

On 17 November 2020, DRDO successfully test-fired the missile with a live warhead for the first time. The missile managed to hit and bring down an unmanned target vehicle at medium range and altitude.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timesnownews.com/india/article/india-successfully-test-fires-quick-reaction-surface-to-air-missile-air-defence-system/682896|title=Second successful flight test of Quick Reaction Surface to Air Missile air defence system conducted|work=Times now digital}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[[Trishul (missile)|Trishul]]
*[[Maitri (missile)|Maitri]]
*[[Barak 8]]
*[[Akash-NG]]
*[[Akash (missile)|Akash]]
*[[VL-SRSAM]]
*[[Advanced Air Defence]] (AAD)
*[[Prithvi Air Defence]] (PAD)

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{Commons category-inline|QRSAM}}

{{Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)}}
{{Indian missiles}}

[[Category:Surface-to-air missiles of India]]
[[Category:Post–Cold War weapons of India]]
[[Category:21st-century surface-to-air missiles]]
[[Category:Military equipment introduced in the 2020s]]

'''Technical:'''
* [https://www.drdo.gov.in/sites/default/files/technology-focus-documrnt/TF_May-Jun_2018_web.pdf DRDO Technology Focus : Warhead for Missiles, Torpedoes and Rockets]