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Legend of Tirumala

2025-09-02T11:35:31Z

2405:201:D024:80DA:5C01:AF39:C53A:3287: cleaned up citations for accuracy and corrected details for accuracy

{{Short description|Temple in Hindu denominations}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{more citations needed|date=September 2010}}
{{Main|Venkateshvara Temple}}
{{Hinduism small}}
For one of the major [[Hindu denominations]], the '''Tirumala Sri Venkateshvara Temple''' at [[Tirupati]] in the [[India]]n state of [[Andhra Pradesh]] is the most famous [[Vaishnavite]] temple in the world. The presiding deity of [[Vishnu]] here is referred to as [[Venkateswara|Venkateshvara]]. There are many legends regarding this temple. The ''Sri Venkatachala Mahatyam'' is the most accepted legend among these, which provides the religious account of the history of the temple across various [[yuga]]s. This place had also been mentioned in many [[Purana]]s.

== Legend of Venkateshvara ==
[[Srivaishnavism|Sri Vaishnava]] tradition says that the [[Rig Veda]] verse X.155.1 makes an indirect reference to the temple.<ref>Srinivasadasa and Alkondavilli Govindacharya. [https://books.google.com/books?id=oNRMAAAAMAAJ ''Yatindra-mata-dipika; or The light of the school of Sri Ramamnuja''], pp. 16</ref><ref name = okoil>Sri Ramakrishna Dikshitulu and Oppiliappan Koil Sri Varadachari Sathakopan. [http://www.srihayagrivan.org/ebooks/031_sva_v1p1.pdf ''Sri Vaikhasana Bhagavad Sastram (An Introduction)''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081203070421/http://www.srihayagrivan.org/ebooks/031_sva_v1p1.pdf |date=3 December 2008 }}, pp. 16</ref> One such translation goes as:<ref name = okoil /> {{cquote| The person, devoid of wealth and vision, is implored to go to the hill which burns up all evil (vikata for Venkata) and drives away all obstacles to peace and prosperity. The call of the rishi Sirimbitha has obviously not gone in vain.}}

The [[Sangam literature]] such as that of [[Cilappatikaram|Silapadikaram]] and Satanar [[Manimekalai]], dated between 500BC and 300AD, mentions Thiruvengadam (now named [[Tirupati (city)|Tirupati]]) by the appellation "Nediyon Kunram" as the northernmost frontier of the Tamil kingdoms.<ref>''[[Silappatikaram]]'', book 8, lines 1, 2.</ref> In fact, a fairly detailed description of the deity is given in lines 41 to 51 of Book 11 of the [[Silappatikaram|Silapadikaram]].<ref>S Krishnasvami Aiyangar (1940). [[iarchive:historyoftirupat035504mbp|''A History Of Tirupati'']], Tirumala Tirupati Devastanam Committee Madras, pp. 96--98</ref>

[[Thondaiman]], ruler of Thondaimandalam (present day [[Kanchipuram]] and the surroundings),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2220/stories/20051007006612400.htm|title=Ancient and marvellous|work=hinduonnet.com|access-date=1 April 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090707095238/http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl2220/stories/20051007006612400.htm|archive-date=7 July 2009|url-status=usurped|df=dmy-all}}</ref> is believed to have first built the temple after visualizing [[Lord Vishnu|Vishnu]] in his dream. He built the [[Gopuram]] and the Prakhara, and arranged for regular prayers to be conducted in the temple.

Later on, the [[Chola]] dynasty vastly improved the temple and gave rich endowments. The various scripts are still seen inscribed upon the temple prakara walls.

==Srivari Brahmotsavams==
{{Main|Srivari Brahmotsavam}}
Srivari Brahmotsavam is the most important annual festival celebrated at [[Venkateswara Temple, Tirumala|Sri Venkateshvara Temple]]. The event is conducted for nine days during Hindu Calendar month of Āśvina which falls in between the English months September and October. As per the legend it is believed that Brahma will descend to the earth to conduct this festival and hence the festival got the name Brahmotsavams, meaning an utsavam(festival) performed by Brahma.<ref name=svutsav1>{{cite magazine | title = Srivari Brahmotsavam| work = The Hindu | year = 1975 | url =https://books.google.com/books?id=FXZMAgAAQBAJ&dq=tirupati+brahmotsavams+the+hindu&pg=PA26}}</ref> ''Sri Venkateshvara Sahasranamastotra'' has references to Brahma performing the festival. To resemble this even now a small empty chariot will move ahead of the processions of the Venkateshvara's processional deity [[Malayappa swami|Malayappa]].<ref name=svutsav1 />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLjWhAZRw9jr-9peIIq8ZnBsKAI629lyPp Sri Venkatachala Mahatmyam – Rendered into Telugu Prose by Dr. Aakella Vibheeshana Sharma...]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070510153717/http://balaji.sudarshana.org/tirupati-history.htm The History of Sri Tirupati Balaji Venkateshvara from the Puranas]
* [https://archive.today/20130416055528/http://tirumala.org/maintemple_legends_restoration.htm Restoration of earth by Varaha – TTD Website]
* [https://archive.today/20130416015517/http://tirumala.org/maintemple_legends_contest.htm Contest between Shesha and Vayudeva – TTD Website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20020814165208/http://www.tirumala.org/maintemple_legends_test.htm Test of the Three Divinities – TTD Website]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20020809131320/http://www.tirumala.org/maintemple_kalyanamstart.htm Srinivasa Kalynama – TTD Website]
* [http://www.srivaishnavam.com/divyadesam108/TIRUMALAI.pdf A pilgrim’s Experience at Thirupathi]

{{Venkateswara Temple, Tirumala}}

[[Category:Tirumala Venkateswara Temple]]

Narayanavanam

2025-09-02T11:31:46Z

2405:201:D024:80DA:5C01:AF39:C53A:3287:

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Narayanavanam
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = te
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[Census Town]]
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Andhra Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Andhra Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|13.42|N|79.58|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Andhra Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Tirupati district|Tirupati]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of mandals in Andhra Pradesh|Mandal]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Narayanavanam mandal|Narayanavanam]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| leader_title =
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| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name=census>{{cite web|title=District Census Handbook - Chittoor|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/2823_PART_B_DCHB_CHITTOOR.pdf|website=Census of India|accessdate=4 November 2015|pages=19–21, 58}}</ref>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 1.68
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 120
| population_total = 11253
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 517581
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = +91–8577
| registration_plate = AP
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Narayanavanam''' is a [[census town]] in [[Tirupati district]] of the [[India]]n state of [[Andhra Pradesh]]. It is the headquarters of [[Narayanavanam mandal]] in Sri Kalahasti revenue division.<ref name=map>{{cite web |title=Chittoor District Mandals |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/maps/atlas/28part32.pdf|publisher=Census of India |accessdate=19 June 2015|pages=476, 515}}</ref><ref name=census /> As per legend, [[Narayanavanam]] was the capital of King Akasaraja, who was ruling this region. The town is known for [[Kalyana Venkateswara Temple, Narayanavanam|Kalyana Venkateswara Temple]] dedicated to Lord [[Venkateswara]] and constructed in 1541 AD.<ref>{{cite book | title = Tourist Guide to Andhra Pradesh| publisher = Sura Books | isbn = 9788174781765 | url =https://books.google.com/books?id=E4l78qG3TkAC&dq=nagalapuram&pg=PA23}}</ref> This is the place where Lord Sri Venkateswara and Padmavathi Ammavaru marriage was happened.

==Geography==
Narayanavanam is located at {{Coord|13.42|N|79.58|E|}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/02/Narayanavanam.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Narayanavanam]</ref> It has an average elevation of {{convert|122|metres}}.

Narayanavanam is {{convert|35|km}} from [[Tirumala - Tirupati|Tirupati]], {{convert|95|km}} from [[Chennai]] in Tamil Nadu and {{convert|5|km}} from [[Puttur, Andhra Pradesh|Puttur]], the departure point for buses to the temple town Narayanavanam and Kailasa Kona Falls.

==Demographics==
At the 2011 India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archivedate=16 June 2004|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=1 November 2008|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Narayanavanam had a population of 37,041 (50% male and 50% female). The average literacy rate was 64%, lower than the national average of 74%: male literacy was 72% and female literacy 56%. 11% of the population were under 6 years of age. [[Telugu language|Telugu]] is the official language of the town.

==Education==
Primary and secondary school education is provided by government, aided and private schools, under the state's School Education Department.<ref>{{cite web|title=School Education Department|url=http://rmsaap.nic.in/Notification_TSG_2015.pdf|publisher=Government of Andhra Pradesh|accessdate=7 November 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107220545/http://rmsaap.nic.in/Notification_TSG_2015.pdf|archive-date=7 November 2016}}<br>- {{cite web|title=The Department of School Education|publisher=Government of Andhra Pradesh|url=http://www.ap.gov.in/department/organizations/school-education/|accessdate=7 November 2016|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107155331/http://www.ap.gov.in/department/organizations/school-education/|archivedate=7 November 2016}}</ref> The medium of instruction followed by different schools is English and Telugu.

== See also ==
*[[List of census towns in Andhra Pradesh]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{commons category|Narayanavanam}}

{{Tirupati district}}

[[Category:Census towns in Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:Mandal headquarters in Tirupati district]]