List of rulers of Malwa

2021-10-30T03:33:34Z

2405:201:6014:B040:F0A2:8E91:CFCF:48A5: Ahilya bai Holkar

{{short description|Bharatpedia list article}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2017}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2017}}
Following is a list of rulers of [[Malwa]] since the Janpada Kingdoms:
[[File:Malwa Map.jpg|400px|thumbnail|Malwa in 1780]]

==Malava Dynasty (c. 1220–840 BCE)==
{{main|Malava}}
King [[Aswapati]] and his wife [[Malavi (wife of Aswapati)|Malavi]] had ten sons and one daughter.
After Aswapati they became king of [[Malwa]] (named after Malavi) & established Malava dynasty.
According to ancient records Malava dynasty ruled before [[Dhunji]] dynasty.
<ref>P. K. Basant (2012), [https://books.google.com/books?id=KOJ8aT3xYPoC''The City and the Country in Early India: A Study of Malwa''], p.85</ref><ref>Upinder Singh (2008), [https://books.google.com/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC ''A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century''], p.227
</ref><ref>Ancient India by Ramesh Chandra Majumdar p.294</ref>

==Dhunji dynasty (c. 840–400 BCE)==

''Dhunji'' who had established Dhunji dynasty in Malwa region in 840 BCE.

* King Dhanna (''Dhunji'')
(c. 840–810 BCE)<ref>http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/93298/17/17_chapter%207.pdf</ref>
* Dhanna Kings descendent ruled – till 390 BCE

==Haryanka Empire (c. 544–413 BCE)==
{{main|Haryanka dynasty}}

* [[Bimbisara]] (558/544–491 BCE), founder of the first Magadhan empire
* [[Ajatashatru]] (491–461 BCE)
* [[Udayin]] (461-428 BCE)
* Anirudha (428-419 BCE)
* Munda (419-417 BCE)
* Darshaka (417-415 BCE)
* [[Nāgadāsaka]] (415-413 BCE)
(last ruler of the Haryanka dynasty)

==Shishunaga dynasty (c. 413–345 BCE)==
{{main|Shaishunaga dynasty}}

* [[Shishunaga]] (413–395 BCE), founder of dynasty
* [[Kalashoka]] (Kakavarna) (395–377 BCE)
* Kshemadharman (377–365 BCE)
* Kshatraujas (365–355 BCE)
* [[Nandivardhana]] (355–349 BCE)
*[[Mahanandin]] (349–345 BCE), his empire was inherited by his illegitimate son [[Mahapadma Nanda]] in 345 BCE.

==Bhil Kingdom (c. 350 BCE–250 CE) ==
{{main|Bhil}}

* [[Garimadhava Bhil]], (contemporary to king [[Chandragupta Maurya]])<ref>{{cite book |last= Verma|first= Bhagawati charan|date=1982 |title=Chanakya |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=UqVjAAAAMAAJ&q=%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2+%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE+%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A7 |publisher= Rajkamal prakashan |page= 55-56 }}</ref>
* Putraja
* [[Gardabhilla]], (Greatest of all Bhil kings)
*Dosra Bhil, (ruled Malwa & Gujarat)
*Shuk Bhil
*Aaliyah Bhil
*Agariya Bhil
*Ram Bhil
*Rana Bhil
*Bhopal Shah

==Nanda Empire (c. 345–322 BCE)==
{{main|Nanda Empire}}

*[[Mahapadma Nanda]] (345–340 BCE),
founded the [[Nanda dynasty|Nanda Empire]] after inheriting Mahanandin's empire
* Pandhukananda
* Panghupatinanda
* Bhutapalananda
* Rashtrapalananada
* Govishanakananda
* Dashasidkhakananda
* Kaivartananda
* Karvinatha Nand (Illegitimate son of Mahapadma Nanda)
*[[Dhana Nanda]](330–332 BCE)
(until 321 BCE), lost his empire to [[Chandragupta Maurya]] after being defeated by him.

==Maurya Empire (c. 322–185 BCE)==
{{main|Maurya Empire}}

{| class="wikitable"
|- bgcolor=#cccccc
! colspan=2 | Ruler!!Reign!!Notes
|-
|[[Chandragupta Maurya]]||[[File:Chandragupta Maurya and Bhadrabahu.png|100px]] ||322–297 BCE||
|-
|[[Bindusara Amitraghata]]||[[File:I42 1karshapana Maurya Bindusara MACW4165 1ar (8486583162).jpg|100px]] ||297–273 BCE||
|-
|[[Ashoka]]||[[File:Ashoka's visit to the Ramagrama stupa Sanchi Stupa 1 Southern gateway.jpg|100px]] ||268–232 BCE|| His son, [[Kunala]], was blinded, and died before his father. Ashoka was succeeded by his grandson.
|-
|[[Dasharatha Maurya|Dasharatha]]||[[File:Dasaratha Maurya inscription on entrance of Vadathika cave.jpg|100px]] ||232–224 BCE||Grandson of Ashoka.
|-
|[[Samprati]]||||224–215 BCE||Brother of Dasharatha.
|-
|[[Shalishuka]]||[[File:Mauryan Empire. temp. Salisuka or later. Circa 207-194 BC.jpg|100px]]||215–202 BCE||
|-
|[[Devavarman]]||||202–195 BCE||
|-
|[[Shatadhanvan]]||||195–187 BCE|| The [[Mauryan Empire]] had shrunk by the time of his reign
|-
|[[Brihadratha Maurya|Brihadratha]]||||187–184 BCE|| Assassinated by [[Pushyamitra Shunga]]
|-
|}

==Shunga Empire (c. 185–73 BCE)==
{{main|Shunga Empire}}
* [[Pushyamitra Shunga]] (185–149 BCE), founded the dynasty after assassinating [[Brihadratha Maurya|Brihadratha]]
* [[Agnimitra]] (149–141 BCE), son and successor of Pushyamitra
* Vasujyeshtha (141–131 BCE)
* Vasumitra (131–124 BCE)
* Andhraka (124–122 BCE)
* Pulindaka (122–119 BCE)
* Ghosha (119–116 BCE)
* Vajramitra (116–110 BCE)
* [[Bhagabhadra]] (c. 110 BCE), mentioned by the [[Puranas]]
* [[Devabhuti]] (83–73 BCE), the last Shunga king

==Gupta Empire (c. 240–550 CE)==
{{main|Gupta Empire}}

{| class="wikitable"
|- bgcolor=#cccccc
! colspan=2 | Ruler!!Reign!!Notes
|-
|[[Sri-Gupta I]]||[[File:Maharaja Sri Gupta inscription on the Allahabad pillar Samudragupta inscription.jpg|100px]]||240–290|| Founder of the dynasty.
|-
|[[Ghatotkacha (king)|Ghatotkacha]]||[[File:Maharaja Sri Ghatotkacha inscription on the Allahabad pillar Samudragupta inscription.jpg|100px]]||290–320||
|-
|[[Chandragupta I|Chandra-Gupta I]]||[[File:Queen Kumaradevi and King Chandragupta I on a coin.jpg|100px]]||320–325||His title ''Maharajadhiraja'' ("king of great kings") suggests that he was the first emperor of the dynasty. It is not certain how he turned his small ancestral kingdom into an empire, although a widely accepted theory among modern historians is that his marriage to the [[Licchavi (clan)|Lichchhavi]] princess Kumaradevi helped him extend his political power.
|-
|[[Samudragupta|Samudra-Gupta]]||[[File:SamudraguptaCoin.jpg|100px]]||325–375||Defeated several kings of northern India, and annexed their territories to his empire. He also marched along the south-eastern coast of India, advancing as far as the [[Pallava dynasty|Pallava]] kingdom. In addition, he subjugated several frontier kingdoms and tribal oligarchies. His empire extended from [[Ravi River]] in the west to the [[Brahmaputra River]] in the east, and from the Himalayan foothills in the north to central India in the south-west; several rulers along the south-eastern coast were his tributaries.

|-
|[[Kacha (king)|Kacha]]||[[File:Kachagupta of the Gupta Empire circa AD 335.jpg|100px]]||4th-century|| Rival brother/king, possibly an usurper, there are coins who attest him as ruler; possibly identical with [[Samudragupta|Samudra-Gupta]].
|-
|[[Ramagupta|Rama-Gupta]]||||375–380||
|-
|[[Chandragupta II|Chandra-Gupta II Vikramaditya]]||[[File:ChandraguptaIIOnHorse.jpg|100px]]||380–415|| Continued the expansionist policy of his father [[Samudragupta]]: historical evidence suggests that he defeated the [[Western Kshatrapas]], and extended the Gupta empire from the [[Indus River]] in the west to the [[Bengal]] region in the east, and from the Himalayan foothills in the north to the [[Narmada River]] in the south.
|-
|[[Kumaragupta|Kumara-Gupta I]]||[[File:KumaraguptaFightingLion.jpg|100px]]||415–455|| He seems to have maintained control of his inherited territory, which extended from [[Gujarat]] in the west to [[Bengal]] region in the east.
|-
|[[Skandagupta|Skanda-Gupta]]||[[File:Skandagupta Circa 455-480 CE.jpg|100px]]||455–467||It is stated that he restored the fallen fortunes of the Gupta family, which has led to suggestions that during his predecessor's last years, the Empire may have suffered reverses, possibly against the [[Pushyamitras]] or the [[Hunas]]. He is generally considered the last of the great Gupta Emperors.
|-
|[[Purugupta|Puru-Gupta]]||||467–472||
|-
|[[Kumaragupta II|Kumara-Gupta II Kramaditya]]||[[File:Kumaragupta II Kramaditya Circa 530-540 CE.jpg|100px]]||472–479||
|-
|[[Buddhagupta|Buddha-Gupta]]||[[File:Budhagupta in Malwa Circa 476-495 CE.jpg|100px]]||479–496||He had close ties with the rulers of [[Kannauj]] and together they sought to run the [[Alchon Huns]] ([[Hunas]]) out of the fertile plains of Northern India.
|-
|[[Narasimhagupta|Narasimha-Gupta Baladitya]]||[[File:Narasinhagupta I Circa 414-455 AD.jpg|100px]]||496–530||
|-
|[[Kumaragupta III|Kumara-Gupta III]]||||530–540||
|-
|[[Vishnugupta (Gupta Empire)|Vishnu-Gupta Candraditya]]||[[File:Vishnugupta Candraditya Circa 540-550 CE.jpg|100px]]||540–550||
|-
|[[Bhanugupta|Bhanu-Gupta]]||||?||A lesser-known king with uncertain position in the list.
|-
|}

==Western Shatrapa Empire (c. 119–380 CE)==
{{main|Western Kshatrapa}}

* [[Nahapana]] (119-124 CE)
* [[Chashtana]] (c 120)
* [[Rudradaman I]] (c 130-150)
* [[Damajadasri I]] (170-175)
* [[Jivadaman]] (175 d 199)
* [[Rudrasimha I]] (175-188 d 197)
* [[Ishwarsena|Isvaradatta]] (188-191)
* [[Rudrasimha I]] (restored) (191-197)
* [[Jivadaman]] (restored) (197-199)
* [[Rudrasena I (Saka king)|Rudrasena I]] (200-222)
* [[Damasena]] (222-232)
* [[Samghadaman]] (227?)
* [[Damajadasri II]] (232-239) with
* [[Viradaman]] (234-238)
* [[Yasodaman I]] (239)
* [[Vijayasena]] (239-250)
* [[Damajadasri III]] (251-255)
* [[Rudrasena II]] (255-277)
* [[Visvasimha]] (277-282)
* [[Bhartridaman]] (282-295) with
* [[Visvasena]] (293-304)
* [[Rudrasimha II]] (304-348) with
* [[Yasodaman II]] (317-332)
* [[Rudradaman II]] (332-348)
* [[Rudrasena III]] (348-380)
* [[Simhasena]] (380- ?)

==Aulikara Kingdom (c. 200–550 CE)==
{{main|Aulikaras|Second Aulikara dynasty}}

*Drumavardhana, first known ruler of dynasty
*Jayavardhana
*Ajitavardhana
*Bhishanavardhana
*Rajyavardhana
*Prakashdharma
*[[Yashodharman]] (515–545 CE), greatest ruler of dynasty
*[[Shiladitya of Malwa|Shiladitya]] (545–550/560 CE), last known ruler of the dynasty

==Harsha Empire (c. 606–647 CE)==
{{main|Pushyabhuti dynasty}}

* [[Harshavardhana]] (606–647), unified Northern India and ruled it for over 40 years, he was the last non-Muslim emperor to rule a unified Northern India.

==Pratihara Empire (c. 725–1036 CE)==
{{main|Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty}}

=== Kannuj (Bhinmala) Branch (c. 725–1036 CE)===

*[[Nagabhata I]] (725–756)
*[[Kakustha (Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty)|Kakustha]] (756–765)
*[[Devaraja (Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty)|Devaraja]] (765–778)
*[[Vatsaraja]] (778–805)
*[[Nagabhata II]] (800–833)
*[[Ramabhadra]] (833–836)
*[[Mihira Bhoja]] (836–890)
*[[Mahendrapala I]] (890–910)
*[[Bhoja II (Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty)|Bhoja II]] (910–913)
*[[Mahipala I]] (913–944)
*[[Mahendrapala II]] (944–948)
*Devpala (948–954)
*Vinaykpala (954–955)
*Mahipala II (955–956)
*Vijaypala II (956–960)
*Rajapala (960–1018)
*Trilochanpala (1018–1027)
*Jasapala (Yashpala) (1024–1036)

==Paramara Kingdom of Malwa (c. 800–1305 CE)==
{{main|Paramara dynasty}}

According to historial Kailash Chand Jain, "Knowledge of the early Paramara rulers from Upendra to Vairisimha is scanty; there are no records, and they are known only from later sources."<ref>{{cite book |last=Jain |first=Kailash Chand |year=1972 |title=Malwa Through the Ages, from the Earliest Times to 1305 A.D |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_3O7q7cU7k0C&pg=PA329 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |pages=329 |isbn=978-81-208-0824-9}}</ref> The Paramara rulers mentioned in the various inscriptions and literary sources include:

* Upendra, (last quarter of 8th century)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|pp=330–331}}</ref>
* Vairisimha (I) (8th century)<ref name="Jain1972p331">{{harvnb|Jain|1972|p=331}}</ref>
* Siyaka (I) (9th century)<ref name="Jain1972p331" />
* Vakpati (I) (9th century)<ref name="Jain1972p331" />
* Vairisimha (II), (10th century)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|p=332}}</ref>
* [[Siyaka]] (II), (940–972)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|pp=333–335}}</ref>
* [[Vakpati Munja|Vakpati]] (II) alias Munja, (972–990)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|pp=335, 341}}</ref>
* [[Sindhuraja]], (990–1010)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|p=341}}</ref>
* [[Bhoja]], (1010–1055), Greatest ruler of dynasty<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|pp=341, 345}}</ref>
* [[Jayasimha I (Paramara dynasty)|Jayasimha I]], (1055–1070)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|p=352}}</ref>
* [[Udayaditya]], (1070–1086)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|p=354}}</ref>
* [[Lakshmadeva]], (1086–1094)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|p=357}}</ref>
* [[Naravarman]], (1094–1130)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|p=359}}</ref>
* [[Yashovarman (Paramara dynasty)|Yashovarman]], (1133–1142)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|p=361}}</ref>
* [[Jayavarman I (Paramara dynasty)|Jayavarman I]], (1142–1143)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|p=362}}</ref>
* ''[[Interregnum]]'' under an usurper named Ballala and later the Solanki king [[Kumarapala (Chaulukya dynasty)|Kumarapala]]<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|pp=363–364}}</ref>
* [[Vindhyavarman]], (1175–1194)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|p=368}}</ref>
* [[Subhatavarman]], (1194–1209)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|p=369}}</ref>
* [[Arjunavarman I]], (1210–1215)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|p=370}}</ref>
* [[Devapala (Paramara dynasty)|Devapala]], (1218–1239)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|p=371}}</ref>
* [[Jaitugideva]], (1239–1255)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|p=373}}</ref>
* [[Jayavarman II (Paramara dynasty)|Jayavarman II]], (1255–1274)<ref name="Jain1972p374">{{harvnb|Jain|1972|p=374}}</ref>
* [[Arjunavarman II]], (1274–1285)<ref name="Jain1972p374" />
* [[Bhoja II (Paramara dynasty)|Bhoja II]], (1285–1301)<ref name="Jain1972p374" />
* [[Mahalakadeva]], (1301–1305 died & ended of dynasty)<ref>{{harvnb|Jain|1972|p=376}}</ref>

==Malwa Sultanate rule==

===Ghorids===

* [[Dilawar Khan]] (1390–1405)
* [[Hoshang Shah|Alp Khan Hushang]] (1405–1435)
* [[Mahmud Khalji]] (1435–1436)

===Khiljis===
* [[Mahmud Khilji|Mahmud Shah I]] (1436–1469)
* [[Ghiyath Shah]] (1469–1500)
* Nasr Shah (1500–1511)
* Muhamud Shah II (1511–1531)

===Qadirid===
* [[Qadir Shah]] (1535–1542)

=== Shuja'at Khani ===

* [[Baz Bahadur|Miyan Bayezid Baz Bahadur]] (1555–1562)

==Mughal rule==

* '''Mughals ruled Malwa from (1562–1720 CE)'''

==Maratha Empire ''in Malwa'' (c. 1713–1948 CE)==
{{Main|Maratha Empire|List of Maratha dynasties and states}}

[[File:India1760 1905.jpg
| image_map_caption = Territory under Maratha control in 1760 (yellow)]]

===The Peshwas Region (c. 1713–1858 CE)===
{{Main|Peshwa}}
Technically they were not monarchs, but hereditary prime ministers, though in fact they ruled instead of the Chhatrapati (Maratha emperor) after death of [[Chattrapati Shahu]], and were hegemon of the Maratha confederation.

* [[Balaji Vishwanath]] (1713–2 April 1720) (b. 1660, died 2 April 1720)
* [[Bajirao|Peshwa Bajirao I]] (17 April 1720 – 28 April 1740) (b. 18 August 1700, died 28 April 1740)
* [[Peshwa|Balaji Bajirao]] (4 July 1740 – 23 June 1761) (b. 8 December 1721, d. 23 June 1761)
* [[Madhavrao Ballal]] (1761–18 November 1772) (b. 16 February 1745, d. 18 November 1772)
* [[Narayanrao Bajirao]] (13 Dec 1772–30 August 1773) (b. 10 August 1755, d. 30 August 1773)
* [[Raghunath Rao Bajirao]] (5 Dec 1773–1774) (b. 18 August 1734, d. 11 December 1783)
* [[Sawai Madhavrao]] (1774–27 October 1795) (b. 18 April 1774, d. 27 October 1795)
* [[Baji Rao II]] (6 Dec 1796–3 June 1818) (d. 28 January 1851)
* [[Nana Sahib]] (1 July 1857 – 1858) (b. 19 May 1825, d. 24 September 1859)

===Dhar State (c. 1730–1947 CE)===
{{Main|Dhar State}}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Reign start
!Reign end
!Name
!Birth-death
|-
|1728
|1732
|Udaji Raje I Pawar
|
|-
|1732
|1736
|Anand Raje I Pawar
| (b. ... – died 1749)
|-
|1736
|1761, 6 January
|Yeshwant Raje I Pawar
|(1724–1761)
|-
|1761, 6 January
|1782
|Khande Raje Pawar
| (b. c.1758 – died 1782)
|-
|1782
|1807, 10 June

|Anand Raje II Pawar
| (1782–1807)
|-
|1807, Dec
|1810
|Ramchandra Raje I Pawar
|(1807–1810)
|-
|1807, Dec
|1810
|Maina Bai (f) (regent)
|
|-
|1810
|1833, October
|Ramchandra Raje II Pawar
| (1805–1833)
|-
|1834, 21 April
|1857, 23 May
|Yeshwant Raje II Pawar
| (1823–1857)
|-
|1857, 23 May
|1858, 19 Jan
| Anand Raje III Pawar (1st time)
|(1844–1898)
|-
|1858, 19 Jan
|1860, 1 May
| ''state abolished''
|
|-
|1860, 1 May
|1898, 29 July
|Anand Raje III Pawar (2nd time)
|(1844–1898)
|-
|1898, 29 July
|1926
|Udaji Raje II Pawar "Baba Sahib"
|(1886–1926)
|-
|1926
|1931
|Laxmibai Sahiba (f) (regent)
|
|-
|1926
|1989
|Anand Raje IV Pawar
|(1920–1989)
|-
|}

===Holkar rulers of Indore (c. 1731–1948 CE)===
{{main|Holkar|Indore State}}

* [[Malhar Rao Holkar|Malharrao Holkar (I)]] (r. 2 November 1731 – 19 May 1766)
* Malharrao Khanderao Holkar (r. 23 August 1766 – 5 April 1767)
* Punshyok Ahilyabai Holkar (r 6 April 1767 - 12 August 1795)
*A ilyadevi Holkar (r. 5 April 1767 – 13 August 1795)
* [[Tukojirao Tanaji Holkar|Tukojirao Holkar (I)]] (r. 13 August 1795 – 29 January 1797)
* Kashirao Tukojirao Holkar (r. 29 January 1797 – 1798)
* [[Yashwantrao Holkar]] (I) (r. 1798–27 November 1811)
* [[Malhar Rao Holkar II|Malharrao Yashwantrao Holkar II]] (r. November 1811–27 October 1833)
* [[Marthand Rao Holkar|Martandrao Malharrao Holkar]] (r. 17 January 1834 – 2 February 1834)
* [[Hari Rao Holkar|Harirao Vitthojirao Holkar]] (r. 17 April 1834 – 24 October 1843)
* [[Khande Rao Holkar II|Khanderao Harirao Holkar II]] (r. 13 November 1843 – 17 February 1844)
* [[Tukojirao Holkar II|Tukojirao Gandharebhau Holkar II]] (r. 27 June 1844 – 17 June 1886)
* [[Shivajirao Holkar|Shivajirao Tukojirao Holkar]] (r. 17 June 1886 – 31 January 1903)
* [[Tukojirao Holkar III|Tukojirao Shivajirao Holkar III]] (r. 31 January 1903 – 26 February 1926)
* [[Yashwant Rao Holkar II|Yashwantrao Holkar II]] (r. 26 February 1926 – 1961)

==British Colonial rule==

* '''British ruled Malwa from (1858–1947 CE)'''

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Kings of Malwa| ]]
[[Category:Lists of Indian monarchs|Malwa]]

Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]

List of rulers of Malwa