Hoshiarpur district

2022-01-16T20:07:55Z

2405:201:6013:294B:4802:7DDD:2A2B:F591:

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2015}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Hoshiarpur District
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[Districts of Punjab, India|District]]
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| nickname =
| image_skyline =
| image_map = Hoshiarpur in Punjab (India).svg
| map_alt = Located in the northwest part of the state
| map_caption = Location in Punjab, India
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|31|35|N|75|59|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
| subdivision_type2 = Region
| subdivision_name2 = [[Doaba]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Hoshiarpur]]
| leader_title1 = Deputy commissioner
| leader_name1 = Apneet Riyat
<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nripunjab.gov.in/hoshiarpur-district-administration.htm |title=District Administration |access-date=2015-02-16}}</ref>
| leader_name2 =
| leader_title2 =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 3,365
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 1,586,625
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_blank2_title = Sex Ration
| population_blank2 = 961
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = {{cref|‡}}
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| registration_plate =
| blank1_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank1_info_sec1 = 85.40%
| website = {{URL|http://hoshiarpur.nic.in}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Hoshiarpur District''' is a district of [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] state in northern [[India]]. Hoshiarpur, one of the oldest districts of Punjab, is located in the North-east part of the Punjab state and shares common boundaries with [[Gurdaspur district]] in the north-west, [[Jalandhar district]] and [[Kapurthala district]] in south-west, [[Kangra district]] and [[Una district]] of Himachal Pradesh in the north-east. Hoshiarpur district comprises 4 sub-divisions, 10 community development blocks, 9 urban local bodies and 1417 villages. The district has an area of 3365 km<sup>2</sup>. and a population of 1,586,625 persons as per census 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/591-hoshiarpur.html|title=Hoshiarpur District Population Census 2011-2021, Punjab literacy sex ratio and density|website=www.census2011.co.in}}</ref>

Hoshiarpur along with the districts of Nawanshehar, Kapurthala and parts of Jalandhar represents one of the cultural region of Punjab called Doaba or the Bist Doab - the tract of land between two rivers namely Beas and Sutlej. The area along with
the Shivalik foothills on the right side of Chandigarh-Pathankot road in Hoshiarpur is submountainous and this part of the district is also known as Kandi area. The two rivers, Sutlej and Beas along with two other seasonal streams provide drainage to the region. Besides these, the Kandi region is full of seasonal streams.

It falls into two nearly equal portions of hill and plain country. Its eastern face consists of the westward slope of the [[Solah Singhi Dhar|Solar Singhi Hills]]; parallel with that ridge, a line of lower heights belonging to the [[Sivalik Hills|Siwalik Range]] traverses the district from south to north, while between the two chains stretches a valley of uneven width, known as the [[Jaswan|Jaswan Dun]]. Its upper portion is crossed by the [[Sohan]] torrent, while the [[Sutlej]] sweeps into its lower end through a break in the hills, and flows in a southerly direction until it turns the flank of the central range, and [[debouches]] westwards upon the plains. This western plain consists of alluvial formation, with a general westerly slope owing to the deposit of silt from the mountain torrents in the sub-montane tract. The [[Beas River|Beas]] has a fringe of lowland, open to moderate but not excessive inundations, and considered very fertile. A considerable area is covered by government woodlands, under the care of the forest department. Rice is largely grown, in the marshy flats along the banks of the Beas. Several religious fairs are held, at [[Anandpur Sahib]], [[Dasuya]], [[Mukerian]] and [[Chintpurni]], all of which attract an enormous concourse of people. The district, owing to its proximity to the hills, possesses a comparatively cool and humid climate. Cotton fabrics are manufactured, and sugar, rice, other grains and indigo are among the exports.<ref name=EB1911>{{EB1911 |wstitle=Hoshiarpur |volume=13 |pages=787–788 |inline=1}}</ref>

Hoshiarpur is also known as a City of Saints. There are many [[Dera|Deras]] in this district. The District Govt. College was once a campus for Punjab University, and it was predominantly inhabited by Gujjar and Shoorsaini, Dogars of Jammu-punjab Region during the reign of the [[Sikh Empire]].

== History ==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=650662|13=1911|14=603685|15=1921|16=609650|17=1931|18=678526|19=1941|20=769884|21=1951|22=712440|23=1961|24=782483|25=1971|26=948505|27=1981|28=1116326|29=1991|30=1299261|31=2001|32=1481292|33=2011|34=1586625|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html|title=Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|website=www.censusindia.gov.in}}</ref>|align=right}}The area of present Hoshiarpur District was also part of Indus Valley Civilization. Recent excavations at various sites in the district have revealed that the entire area near the Shivalik foothills was selected for habitation not only by the early Paleolithic man but also by those in the protohistoric and historic periods. The legends associate several places in the district with Pandavas. Dasuya is mentioned in epic of Mahabharata as the seat of Raja Virata in whose services the Pandavas remained for thirteen years during their exile. Bham, about 11 km west of Mahilpur, is said to be the place where the Pandavas passed their exile. Lasara, about 19 km north of Jaijon, also contains a stone temple stated to date back to the time of Pandavas. According to the Chinese pilgrim, Hieun Tsang, the area of Hoshiarpur was dominated by a tribe of Chandrabansi or Yadubanshi Saini Rajputs, who maintained an independent existence for centuries before the Muhammadan conquest.

The country around Hoshiarpur formed part of the old kingdom of [[Katoch]] in [[Jalandhar]]. The state was eventually broken up, and the present district was divided between the, rajas of [[Datarpur]] and [[Jaswan]]. They retained undisturbed possession of their territories until 1759, when the rising [[Sikh]] chieftains commenced a series of encroachments upon the hill tracts. In 1815 Maharaja [[Ranjit Singh]], forced the ruler of Jaswan to resign his territories in exchange for an estate on feudal tenure; three years later the raja of Datarpur met with similar treatment. By the close of the year 1818 the whole country from the Sutlej to the Beas had come under the government of [[Lahore]], and after the [[First Anglo-Sikh War]] in 1846 passed to the [[British Empire|British]] government. The deposed rajas of Datarpur and Jaswan received cash pensions from the new rulers, but expressed bitter disappointment at not being restored to their former sovereign position. Accordingly, the outbreak of the [[Second Anglo-Sikh War]], in 1848 found the disaffected chieftains ready for rebellion. They organized a revolt, but the two rajas and the other ringleaders were captured, and their estates confiscated.<ref name=EB1911/> Hoshiarpur is an ancient centre of Hindu epics and culture itself. In Bajwara (4 km east on Una Road from the present city) ruins of an ancient culture can still be found. Mythologically, Teh Dasuya of this district is estimated to be King Virat's kingdom where Pandavas spent their one-year exile.

=== Bhrigu Samhita ===
Hoshiarpur is also popular for old astrological facts where it is said to be that old documents where past, present and future birth of every person is written in detail, are safely kept at this place. Many people visit [[Hoshiarpur]] to find out about their past, present and future in every birth they have or had taken in the past.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/5-000-year-old-astrological-tradition-thrives-in-punjab-feature-with-image-115040300279_1.html|title=5,000-year-old astrological tradition thrives in Punjab (Feature, With Image)|date=3 April 2015|via=Business Standard}}</ref>

===Significant cities===
Among the numerous ancient cultural centers in Hoshiarpur was town Jaijon. Said to be Founded by ''Jaijjat rishi'' around 11th century at the Shivalik foothills, Jaijon was a flourishing trade centre. It was also known as a centre for oriental studies. Noted scholars and exponents of Sanskrit, Astrology, Ayurveda and music visited this place for meeting. Music composers Pandit Husan Lal and Bhagat Ram and noted Pakistani poet Tufail Hoshiarpuri belonged to the same place. [[Jaijon]] also have a small old railway station from the British era.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/jalandhar/jaijon-gets-rail-connectivity-to-amritsar-715642|title=Jaijon gets rail connectivity to Amritsar|first=Tribune News|last=Service|website=Tribuneindia News Service}}</ref>

Ayurveda scholar Pandit Govind Ram Vatsyayan and Sanskrit laureate Acharya Vishwanath belonged to Jaijon.

Mahilpur is an ancient village on the feet of Shivalik which was visited by Chinese [[Xuanzang|Hiuen Tsang]] who wrote this village as Sri Mahipalpur in his notes.

==Area==
At present, Hoshiarpur has an area of 3198.2 km².
* Total area (km²): 3,365
* Total No. of villages: 1,449

==Demographics==
[[File:Pind 09.jpg|thumb|[[Sikh]] farmer in rural Hoshiarpur]]

{{bar box|width = 300px
|barwidth = 250px |cellpadding="0"
|title=Religion in Hoshiarpur district<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/591-hoshiarpur.html|title=Hoshiarpur District Population Census 2011-2019, Punjab literacy sex ratio and density|website=www.census2011.co.in}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|#FF6600|63.07}}
{{bar percent|[[Sikhism]]|#FFFF00|33.92}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|#009000|1.46}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity]]|#9955BB|0.94}}
{{bar percent|Others|#9955BB|0.61}}}}

===Population===
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Hoshiarpur district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,586,625,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 2011-09-30 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Gabon]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Gabon 1,576,665
}}</ref> or the US state of [[Idaho]].<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|title=2010 Resident Population Data
|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau
|access-date=2011-09-30
|quote=Idaho 1,567,582
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|archive-date=19 October 2013
|df=dmy-all
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 310th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/>
The district has a population density of {{convert|683|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 17.95%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Hoshiarpur has a [[sex ratio]] of 961 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 85.40%.<ref name=districtcensus/>

The Hoshiarpur district has one of the highest [[Scheduled Caste]] population (34%) population in Punjab. The [[Hoshiarpur]]-I and [[Hoshiarpur]]-II have 48 percent Scheduled Castes population. In [[Mahilpur]] block the proportion of Scheduled Castes population is 44 percent and in Bhunga block it is 41 percent while in the remaining blocks the proportion of Scheduled Castes population is less than 40 percent.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://socialjustice.nic.in/blocksc50.php?format=print |title=State-wise, District-wise List of Blocks with >40% but less than 50% SC population |access-date=12 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723091635/http://socialjustice.nic.in/blocksc50.php?format=print |archive-date=23 July 2013 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deepdyve.com/lp/sage/jat-sikhs-a-question-of-identity-tHD3K19QPM |title=Jat Sikhs: A Question of Identity |access-date=12 July 2012}}</ref>

==Economy==
In 2006 the [[Ministry of Panchayati Raj]] named Hoshiarpur one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=brgf/> It is the only district in Punjab currently receiving funds from the Backward regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).<ref name=brgf>{{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj |date=8 September 2009 |title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme |publisher=National Institute of Rural Development |url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |access-date=27 September 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |archive-date=5 April 2012 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

==Government and politics==

===District administration===
* The [[Deputy Commissioner (India)|Deputy Commissioner]], an officer belonging to the [[Indian Administrative Service]], is in-charge of the General Administration in the [[Districts of Punjab (India)|district]], and is assisted by a number of officers belonging to Punjab Civil Service and other [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]] state services.
* The [[Superintendent of Police (India)|Senior Superintendent of Police]], an officer belonging to the [[Indian Police Service]], is responsible for maintaining law & order in the district, assisted by the officers of the [[Punjab Police Service]] and other Punjab police officials.
* The Divisional Forest Officer, an officer belonging to the [[Indian Forest Service]], is responsible for the management of the forests, environment and wildlife in the district and is assisted by the officers of the [[Punjab Forest Service]] and other Punjab forest officials and Punjab wildlife officials.
* Sectoral development is looked after by the district head/officer of each development department such as PWD, Health, Education, Agriculture, Animal husbandry, etc. These officers are from various Punjab state services.

===Sub-Divisions===
The District of Hoshiarpur comprises four sub-divisions, ten development blocks, eight municipal councils and one notified area committee, as listed below:

====Administrative Divisions====
* Hoshiarpur
* Dasuya
* Mukerian
* Garhshankar

=====Development Blocks=====
* Hoshiarpur-I
* Hoshiarpur-II
* Bhunga
* Tanda
* Dasuya
* Mukerian
* Talwara
* Hajipur
* Garhshankar
[[File:CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE FOR FRUITS.jpg|thumb|Center of Excellence for Fruits, Khanaura, District Hoshiarpur]]

=====Municipal Corporation=====
*[[Hoshiarpur]]

=====Municipal Councils=====
* Garhdiwala
* Hariana
* Tanda
* Mahilpur
* Garhshankar
* Dasuya'
* Mukerian
* Sham Chaurasi
* Talwara

=====Notified Area Committee=====
* Mahilpur
* Hoshiarpur
* Shamchurasi Kadiana

==Notable people from Hoshiarpur District==


===Politics===

*[[Kewal Krishan]] of [[Mukerian]](10 October 1923 – 30 June 2008) Speaker of the Punjab Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha), Minister of Finance in the Punjab Government 1980–83
*[[Mangu Ram Mugowalia]], prominent [[Ghadar Party]] leader and Freedom Fighter<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ambedkartimes.com/babu_manguram.htm|title=Welcome to ambedkartimes.com|website=www.ambedkartimes.com}}</ref>
* [[Harnam Singh Saini]], an Indian revolutionary
* Giani [[Zail Singh]] was elected from Hoshiarpur in 1980. After that he became Union Home Minister and later the President of India in 1982.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://portal.bsnl.in/bsnl/asp/content%20mgmt/html%20content/hotnews/hotnews35448.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2011-09-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111128174157/http://portal.bsnl.in/bsnl/asp/content%20mgmt/html%20content/hotnews/hotnews35448.html |archive-date=28 November 2011 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/keyword/harkishen-singh-surjeet/recent/3 |title=Archived copy |access-date=28 December 2014 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120708031159/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/keyword/harkishen-singh-surjeet/recent/3 |archive-date=8 July 2012 |url-status=dead |work=[[The Times of India]] |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
* [[Kanshi Ram]] founder of [[Bahujan Samaj Party]] won election from hoshiarpur in [[1996 Indian general election]]
* [[Avinash Rai Khanna]] a [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] leader
* [[Santosh Chowdhary]] ex-MP Congress.
* [[Mayawati]] incontested M.P. election from Hoshiarpur [[1989 Indian general election]]
* [[Ambika Soni]] M.P. belongs to bajwara in Hoshiarpur.<ref>http://pbplanning.gov.in/pdf/MPLAD%20MPR%2031-5-2010.pdf</ref>
* [[Jagjit Singh Chauhan]] founder of [[Khalsa Raj Party]]
* [[Rana Muhammad Hanif Khan]] Federal Minister of Finance, Pakistan (22 October 1974 – 28 March 1977) was born in [[Garhshankar]], [[District Hoshiarpur]]<ref>[[Rana Mohammad Hanif Khan]]</ref>{{Circular reference|date=May 2017}}
* [[Vijay Sampla]], (Minister of State for Social Justice and Empowerment) MP from [[Hoshiarpur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hoshiarpur]] is actually from [[Jalandhar]] city. (born at Sofi Village, [[Jalandhar district]]).
* [[Harjit Sajjan|Harjit Singh Sajjan]], [[Minister of National Defence (Canada)|Minister of National Defence]] for the [[Government of Canada]]



===Arts and culture===

[[File:Simran Kaur Mundi at Marc Cains preview (2).jpg|right|thumb|upright|[[Simran Kaur Mundi]]]]
[[File:Monica Bedi at the 8th Aap Ki Awaz Media Excellence Awards.jpg|right|thumb|upright|[[Monica Bedi]] is from the city]]
* [[Bhai Sahib Singh]] one of the [[Panj Pyare]]
* [[Gauri Khan]] (born Gauri Chhibber) belongs to Hoshiarpur and raised up in Delhi.{{citation needed|date=July 2020}}
* [[Simran Kaur Mundi]] a [[Cinema of Punjab|Punjabi film actress]] is from village Mundian Jattan
* [[Yo Yo Honey Singh]] Punjabi Rapper from [[Delhi]] was born in Hoshiarpur.
* [[Monica Bedi]] a [[Cinema of Punjab|Punjabi]] actress is from village Chabbewal
* [[Piara Singh Gill]], [[nuclear physicist]]
* [[Kulwinder Dhillon]] singer from [[Mahilpur]]
* [[Amar Singh Shaunki]] [[Dhadi (music)|Dhadi]] singer
* [[Hard Kaur]] Indian [[rapper]]
* [[D. P. Singh]] a science populariser and environmental activist of Punjab.
* [[Satinder Sartaaj]] Punjabi singer born in Bajrawar village, Hoshiarpur District
* [[Dr.Ganda Singh]] a Punjabi historian
* [[Intikhab Alam]] cricket player.
* [[Harbanse Singh Doman]] belongs to Hoshiarpur
* [[Ustad Amanat Ali Khan]] Pakistani classic and ghazal singer was born in Hoshiarpur
* [[Habib Jalib]] Pakistani revolutionary poet and left wing politician born in a village near Hoshiarpur.
* [[Upasana Singh]] actress in Bollywood and comedian in TV was born in Tanda.
* [[Nachhatar Gill]] Punjabi singer born in Vill. Akalgarh, near Garhshankar, Dist. Hoshiarpur.
*[[Mickey Singh]], US based Punjabi Urban singer belongs to Hoshiarpur
*[[Jaz Dhami]], UK based Punjabi singer belongs to Hoshiarpur
*[[Manmohan Waris]], Punjabi folk singer belongs to Halluwal (near Mahilpur) District Hoshiarpur
*

=== Army ===

*[[Tufail Mohammad]] of [[Punjab Regiment (Pakistan)]], Recipient of [[Nishan-e-Haider]]
*[[Fazal Din]] of 7th Battalion ''10th Baluch Regiment, British Indian Army'', recipient of Victoria Cross.


== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://hoshiarpur.nic.in/ Hoshiarpur district]
* [http://www.mapsofindia.com/maps/punjab/districts/hoshiarpur.htm Hoshiarpur District at Maps of India]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Hoshiarpur district
|North = [[Pathankot district]]
|Northeast = [[Kangra district]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
|East = [[Una district]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
|Southeast = [[Rupnagar district]] <br /> [[Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar district]]
|South = [[Kapurthala district]] (Eastern)
|Southwest =
|West = [[Jalandhar district]]
|Northwest = [[Gurdaspur district]] <br /> [[Kapurthala district]] (Western)
}}

{{Hoshiarpur district}}
{{Punjab (India)}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Hoshiarpur district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Punjab, India]]

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Hoshiarpur district