Pir of Pagaro VI

2022-09-29T13:56:26Z

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{{EngvarB|date=May 2014}}
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{{Infobox person
| name=Shaheed Sibghatullah Shah Al-Rashdi<br>صبغت الله شاهه راشدي<br>'''''' پير صبغت الله شاه راشدي ''''''
| birth_date= 1910
| birth_place=[[Khairpur State]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| death_date=20 March 1943
| death_place=[[Hyderabad, Sindh|Hyderabad]], [[Sind Province (1936-55)|Sind Province]]
| image=
| caption=Sibghatullah Shah Al-Rashidi
| movement=[[Indian independence movement]]
| organization =[[Hurs|Hur Movement]]
}}

'''Sayyid Sibghatullah Shah Al-Rashidi''' II ([[Sindhi language|Sindhi]]: صبغت الله شاهه راشدي ), [[Pir Pagaro]] the sixth, was a spiritual leader of the [[Hurs|Hur Movement]] during [[Sindh]]'s war for its freedom.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Khan |first=Wisal Muhammad |date=July 2015 |title=Hur Operations in Sindh |url=http://sanipanhwar.com/HUR%20OPERATIONS%20IN%20SINDH.pdf |url-status=live |access-date=26 July 2022}}</ref> ''Hur'' ([[Arabic language|Arabic]]: ''' حر''' meaning "free", "not slave") is a [[Sufi]] [[Muslim]] community in the province of [[Sindh]], Pakistan.

''Soreh Badshah'' (شهيد سورهيه بادشاهه) (the Victorious King or the great king) was the title given him by his Followers. He was hanged by the [[Sind Province (1936–1955)|Sind]] colonial government on 20 March 1943 in the Central Jail [[Hyderabad, Sindh|Hyderabad]], Sindh. His burial place remains unknown, despite requests to the government from people living in Sindh.

== Independence Movement ==

According to Faqeer Ghulam Shah Laghari (Chowki Shahdadpur), the Hur movement began with Sibghtullah Shah Badshah I [1779-1831]. It reached its peak in the time of Sibghtullah Shah Shaheed ''Suraih Badshah'' when the Hurs became militarily opposed to colonial rule. Several were arrested and imprisoned in the Vasarpur district [[Ahmednagar|Ahmed Nagar]].{{Citation needed|date= February 2013}}

Sibghatullah Shah I provided forces to Syed Ahmed Shaheed to fight against the Sikhs. Since that time these people have been called "Hurs" [free people]. The independence movement was started by Syed Sibghtullah Shah Shaheed Awal in 1246 [Hijri].

Pagaras' and their followers fought against the colonial government for 108 years, from 1843 to 1951.

In 1922, Sibghtullah Shah II (Soreh Badshah) became [[Pir Pagara]] at age 12. He believed that British officers' behaviour towards Hur Jamat and the Sindhi people was unreasonable. He resented their behaviour and started to publicly support Indian independence. He organised a campaign against the colonial government and encouraged others to do the same. As a result, [[martial law]] was imposed to control the Hur movement. [[Syed Shah Mardan Shah-II|Pir Sahib]] established Gring Bungalow as his general headquarters. He recruited and trained followers to continue an armed struggle. Their slogans were "homeland or death" and "freedom or death".{{fact|date=February 2021}}

The "Lahore mail" railway train was derailed by Hurs on 16 May 1942. When Hurs attacked the army and police they raised the slogan of "Bhej Pagaara". In an effort to rush the Hurs, their center Gring Bungalow was bombarded and destroyed on 26 May 1943. Pir Soreh Badshah was arrested on 24 October 1941 and imprisoned in Seoni in India.{{fact|date=February 2021}}

The Hurs intensified their activities against the colonial government by attacking police stations, government buildings and railway stations as well as telephone and irrigation systems to paralyse society and to pressure the colonial government to release their spiritual leader.{{fact|date=February 2021}}

Dargah Sharif and the bungalow in Pir Jo Goth were destroyed in 1943.{{fact|date=February 2021}}

In 1942 important leaders in Sindh Prant were arrested. [[Pir Sahib Pagara]] was brought from Seoni to Sindh in January 1943 and was detained in the central jail in Hyderabad. The Hurs established the Makhi forest as their base.{{fact|date=February 2021}}

The colonial government then began bombing Gring Bungalow, Makhi Forest and Dargah Sharif. They arrested thousands of Hur followers along with their families and kept them imprisoned until 1952.{{fact|date=February 2021}}

Jail employees told the writer Nasir Jamal that they had heard from the ancestors that Soreh Badshah was buried outside of Phasi Ghat (place of execution) in the central jail at [[Hyderabad, Sindh|Hyderabad]], Sindh, Pakistan. Because they anticipated an extreme reaction by the Hur Mujahid. The colonial authorities did not disclose the place of burial, in order to prevent the site from become a memorial. {{fact|date=February 2021}}

== History of the Hur Movement ==

During the period of colonial rule (according to ''Voice of Sureh'' by Lutaf Mangrio and Nadeem Wagan), Pir Pagaro declared his community "Hur" (free). The colonial government made efforts to suppress the movement, which resulted in an armed response from the Hurs. Ultimately the colonial government passed the Hurs Act, where all followers of the movement were declared criminals and army officers were allowed to shoot suspected members on sight.{{Citation needed|date= February 2013}}

The Hurs continued their campaign even after the hanging of Pir Sahib, right up to the time of Pakistan's independence.{{fact|date=February 2021}}

Pir Pagaro Syed Sibghatullah Shah II was hanged on 20 March 1943 and the British left the South Asia four years later on 14 August 1947. After the end of British rule, Pir Pagaro's two sons, who were in British custody in [[England, were released and came back to lead their community. Sindh was a province in the newly independent Pakistan. The sons of Sibghatullah Shah Shaheed, Pir [[Syed Shah Mardan Shah-II|Syed Shah Mardan Shah Rashdi-II]] alias Pir Syed Sikandar Ali Shah Rashidi and Pir Syed Nadir Ali Shah Rashidi were brought to Pakistan in December 1951 after long negotiations. The elder son, Pir [[Syed Shah Mardan Shah-II]] became the new Pir Pagara on 22 February 1952.

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef|before= Pir Syed Shah Mardan Shah I }}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Pir Pagara]] |years= 1922–1943}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Syed Shah Mardan Shah-II]] }}
{{s-end}}

== See also ==
* [[Soreh Badshah]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{History of Sindh}}
{{Indian Independence Movement |state=autocollapse}}

[[Category:1910 births]]
[[Category:1943 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century executions by British India]]
[[Category:Executed revolutionaries]]
[[Category:Pakistan Movement activists from Sindh|Rashidi, Sibghatullah Shah]]
[[Category:People executed by British India by hanging]]
[[Category:Religious leadership roles]]
[[Category:Sindhi people]]
[[Category:Prisoners and detainees of British India]]
[[Category:Pagara family]]
[[Category:Sindhi warriors]]

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Pir of Pagaro VI