Pavuluri Mallana

2021-09-23T15:22:13Z

2401:4900:2780:D2FC:0:4C:AC9A:A001: /* Sāra Sangraha Ganitamu */

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2019}}
'''Pavuluri Mallana''' was an Indian [[mathematician]] of the 11th or early 12th century CE from present day [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Rao|first=Sonti Venkata Suryanarayana|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fXJkAAAAMAAJ&q=Pavuluri+Mallana|title=Vignettes of Telugu Literature: A Concise History of Classical Telugu Literature|date=1999|publisher=Jyeshtha Literary Trust|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Raju|first=Poolla Tirupati|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M48OAAAAYAAJ&q=pavuluri+mallana|title=... Telugu Literature (Andhra Literature)|date=1944|publisher=P. E. N. All-Centre, Arysangha, Malabar Hill, Bombay|language=en}}</ref> Some historians consider him to be a contemporary of the Eastern Chalukya king [[Rajaraja Narendra]] (1022–1063 CE), while others place him in early 12th century CE.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Vēṅkaṭakr̥ṣṇarāvu|first=Bhāvarāju|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1ZIBAAAAMAAJ&q=Pavuluri+Mallana|title=History of the Eastern Chalukyas of Vengi, 610-1210 A.D.|date=1973|publisher=Andhra Pradesh Sahitya Akademi|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Satyanarayana|first=Kambhampati|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nda1AAAAIAAJ&q=Pavuluri+Mallana|title=From stone age to feudalism|date=1975|publisher=People's Publishing House|language=en}}</ref> He translated ''Gaṇitasārasangraha'', a 9th century mathematical treatise of [[Mahavira (mathematician)|Mahaviracharya]], into [[Telugu language|Telugu]] as ''Sāra Sangraha Ganitamu'', popularly known as ''Pavuluri Ganitamu''.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Śrīnivās|first=Śiṣṭlā|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zUJJAQAAIAAJ&q=Pavuluri+Mallana|title=The Body as Temple: Erotica from Telugu (2nd Century B.C. to 21st Century A.D.)|date=2007|publisher=Drusya Kala Deepika|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HTluAAAAMAAJ&q=Pavuluri+Mallana|title=History and Culture of the Andhras|date=1995|publisher=Komarraju Venkata Lakshmana Rau Vijnana Sarvaswa Sakha, Telugu University|isbn=978-81-86073-07-0|language=en}}</ref> It was one of the earliest translations of a mathematical text from [[Sanskrit]] into a regional language. It is the oldest scientific text written in the Telugu language.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last1=Yadav|first1=B. S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nwrw0Lv1vXIC&q=mathematician+andhra&pg=PA206|title=Ancient Indian Leaps into Mathematics|last2=Mohan|first2=Man|date=2011-01-20|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-0-8176-4695-0|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last1=Ramakrishna|first1=G.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BIkeAAAAMAAJ&q=Pavuluri+Mallana|title=An Encyclopaedia of South Indian Culture|last2=Gayathri|first2=N.|last3=Chattopadhyaya|first3=Debiprasad|date=1983|publisher=K.P. Bagchi|isbn=978-0-8364-1188-1|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Murthy|first=H. V. Sreenivasa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QMEBAAAAMAAJ&q=eluganti+peddana|title=History and Culture of South India, to 1336 A.D.|date=1975|publisher=Vivek Prakashan|language=en}}</ref> It was followed later by Eluganti Peddana's ''Prakīrna Ganitamu'', a Telugu translation of [[Bhāskara II|Bhāskara's]] ''[[Līlāvatī]]''.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BXEMAAAAIAAJ&q=eluganti+peddana|title=The Gazetteer of India: History and culture|date=1973|publisher=Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Luniya|first=Bhanwarlal Nathuram|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2wFuAAAAMAAJ&q=eluganti+peddana|title=Life and Culture in Medieval India|date=1978|publisher=Kamal Prakashan|language=en}}</ref>

George Gheverghese Joseph notes that Mallana's translation served as a model for future translations because of its clarity and innovation.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Joseph|first=George Gheverghese|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XIj4DAAAQBAJ&q=Pavuluri+Mallana&pg=PA431|title=Indian Mathematics: Engaging With The World From Ancient To Modern Times|date=2016-07-28|publisher=World Scientific|isbn=978-1-78634-063-4|language=en}}</ref> Sreeramula Rajeswara Sarma writes of him as:<ref name=":0" /><blockquote>Mallana was a superb translator. The lucidity with which he rendered the terse Sanskrit of [[Mahāvīra (mathematician)|Mahāvīra]] is worth emulating by every modern translator of scientific texts. His way of handling mathematical rules or examples containing large numbers - some examples have as many as 36 digits - is unrivaled even in Sanskrit. He abridged the material of the Sanskrit original at certain places and expanded at others. Thus while Gaṇitasārasan̄graha contains five methods of squaring and seven of cubing, the Telugu version has only one each and avoids all algebraic methods. Mallana also employs units of measure that were prevalent in the Andhra region of his time. Another innovation or addition in Telugu version pertains to mathematics proper. There are 45 additional examples under multiplication and 21 under division, which are not found in Sanskrit. All these examples have one common feature: to produce numbers containing a symmetric arrangement of digits. </blockquote>He was a [[Shaivism|Saivite.]]<ref name=":2" /> His grandson, also named Mallana, was a famous writer. However, some historians consider Pavuluri Mallana, the mathematician to be the grandson of Mallana, the poet. [[Rajaraja Narendra]] donated Nava Khandavada village near [[Pithapuram]] to Mallana, but it is not clear to which Mallana the grant refers to.{{cn|date=November 2020}}

== Sāra Sangraha Ganitamu ==
While Mahavira's work was said to be in eight adhikaras or topics, Mallana adapted it into ten topics in his ''Sāra Sangraha Ganitamu''. The first topic has been popular as Pavuluri Ganitamu. The other chapters are (in chronological order): Bhagahara Ganitamu, Suvarga Ganitamu, Misra Ganitamu, Bhinna Ganitamu, Kshetra Ganitamu, Khata Ganitamu, Chaya Ganitamu, Sutra Ganitamu, and Prakirna Ganitamu.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Krishnamurthi|first=Salva|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UJBkAAAAMAAJ&q=Pavuluri|title=A History of Telugu Literature|date=1994|publisher=Institute of Asian Studies|language=en}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of Indian mathematicians]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

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[[Category:Telugu people]]
[[Category:Year of death unknown]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:Scientists from Andhra Pradesh]]
[[Category:11th-century Indian mathematicians]]
[[Category:11th-century Indian scholars]]
[[Category:Scholars from Andhra Pradesh]]

{{India-scientist-stub}}
{{asia-mathematician-stub}}
[[Category:People from East Godavari district]]

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Pavuluri Mallana