Chanakya (TV series)

2021-06-18T09:25:01Z

223.228.255.143: a kind of mis information summited by a some group.thanks wikipedia

{{short description|Indian television series}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox television
| image = Chanakyadvd.jpg
| caption = DVD cover of ''Chanakya'' with English subtitles
| genre = Historical Non-Fiction
| creator = [[Chandraprakash Dwivedi]]
| developer =
| writer = [[Chandraprakash Dwivedi]]
| director = [[Chandraprakash Dwivedi]]
| creative_director =
| presenter =
| starring = [[Chandraprakash Dwivedi]] [[Irrfan Khan]] [[Sanjay Mishra (actor)|Sanjay Mishra]] Dinesh Shakul Suraj Chaddha [[Surendra Pal]] Prakash Dwivedi [[Kurush Deboo]] JD Majethia
| judges =
| voices =
| narrated = Salim Arif
| theme_music_composer =
| opentheme = [[Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad#Popular Shlokas|Asato mā...]]
| endtheme =
| composer = Ashit Desai
| country = Hindia
| language = [[Hindi]]
| num_seasons = 1
| num_episodes = 47
| list_episodes = List of Chanakya episodes
| executive_producer =
| producer = Prakash Dwivedi
| editor = Mohan Kaul Rajeev Khandelwal
| location = [[Film City]], [[Mumbai]]
| cinematography = Rajan Kothari
| camera =
| runtime = 45-50 minutes
| company = Shagun Films
| distributor =
| channel = [[DD National]]
| picture_format =
| audio_format =
| first_run =
| first_aired = {{Start date|df=yes|1991|9|8}}
| last_aired = {{End date|df=yes|1992|8|9}}
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
| related =
| website =
| website_title =
| production_website =
}}

'''''Chanakya''''' is a 47-part drama epic Indian television [[historical drama]] written and directed by Dr. [[Chandraprakash Dwivedi]] that was originally telecasted on [[DD National]] from 8 September 1991<ref name="ie-8sept91">{{cite news
|title= Television
|newspaper= The Indian Express
|date= 8 September 1991
|url= https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=0X1lAAAAIBAJ&pg=0,1743861}}</ref> to 9 August 1992.<ref name="screen-pinjar">{{cite news
|title= Celebrating humanity
|magazine= Screen Weekly
|date= 26 September 2003
|url= http://www.screenindia.com/fullstory.php?content_id=6161}}</ref><ref name="book-qos">{{cite book
| title = A question of silence: the sexual economies of modern India
| year = 2000
| orig-year = 1998
| editor = Mary E. John, Janaki Nair
| author = Uma Chakravarti
| author-link = Uma Chakravarti
| chapter = Inventing Saffron History
| pages = 243–268
}}</ref><ref name="ie-9aug92">{{cite news
|title= Television
|newspaper= The Indian Express
|date= 9 August 1992
|url= https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=eIBlAAAAIBAJ&pg=0,713762}}</ref> Produced by Prakash Dwivedi, the series is a fictionalized account of the life and times of 4th century BCE Indian economist, strategist and political theorist [[Chanakya]] (also known as Vishnugupta) and is based on events occurring between 340 BCE and 321/20 BCE, starting with Chanakya's boyhood and culminating in the coronation of [[Chandragupta Maurya]]. Chandraprakash Dwivedi played the title role of Chanakya.

==Plot==
The series is divided into three acts :-

* The early life of Vishnugupta in the kingdom of [[Magadha]] and the circumstances leading to his self-imposed exile, particularly the persecution (and subsequent death) of his father at the hands of [[Dhanananda]], King of Magadha.
* The invasion of northwestern India by [[Alexander the Great|Alexander]], his death, the rebellion led by native Indian kingdoms under the leadership of Chandragupta Maurya against Alexander's successors in India, and the subsequent defeat of the Greek invaders.
* The attack on and overthrow of the Nanda rule in Magadha and the crowning of Chandragupta as the King of Magadha.

Within this framework, Dwivedi portrays the politics that governed relations between kings and officials of that time. He cleverly covers the workings of the early Indian republics and the way of life of ordinary Indians.

While critically acclaimed, ''Chanakya'' has been the subject of political controversy too. It has been televised in many countries around the world and has won five Uptron Awards.<ref name="screen-pinjar" /> The series was widely praised for its authenticity, casting and larger than life depiction.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/lessons-from-history/503533/0 |title=Lessons From History |work=The Indian Express|date=2009-08-21 |access-date=2013-03-13}}</ref>

==Production==

===Development===
Dwivedi spent more than nine years researching ''Chanakya'' and read over 180 books on the subject including the [[Arthashastra]].<ref name="surya-india" /> For him, Chanakya was "the first man with a national consciousness."<ref name="book-qos" /> And that is what made him take up the project:
{{cquote|I am not interested in the present; my idea is to delve into the past and link it with the present. After a great deal of thinking I discovered that politics is the crux of all sciences, just as ''Chanakya'' said....

Today the question of national consciousness is agitating the minds of our countrymen. Was it not ''Chanakya'' who defined ''Rashtra'' and paved the way for the first one?<ref name="surya-india" />}}

''Chanakya'' started out as an idea for a film. But Dwivedi abandoned the plan and decided to make it into a television series because it was not possible to meet "telecast deadlines" if it had been shot as a film.<ref name="dwivedi-rediff">{{cite news
|title=Neither the Indian nor the Pakistani government will gain from Pinjar
|author=Sukanya Verma
|publisher=Rediff.com
|date=23 October 2003
|url = http://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/oct/22chandra.htm
}}</ref> Dwivedi didn't conceive of the series as a "purely factual account" of Chanakya's life and times. But he did want "to present a work of fiction based on historical evidence—unlike the serials Ramayan and Mahabharat which presented history with a touch of masala." He didn't want to "[create] false drama just to appease popular sentiments."<ref name="cscs-saffron"/> Episodes 11, 12 and 14 were based on McCrindle's book ''The Invasion of India by Alexander the Great as described by Arrian, Q. Curtius, Diodoros, Plutarch and Justin'',<ref name="cscs-saffron" /> while the final episodes dealing with Chanakya's scheme to win over Dhanananda's minister, Rakshasa, were based on [[Vishakhadatta]]'s 4th century CE play, [[Mudrarakshasa]].<ref name="book-qos" />

{{quote box|width=25em|quote=I want to prove that it is not only persons in high places who have changed the course of history but seemingly ne'er do wells like ''Chanakya'' from whom there had been no expectations whatever. To present ''Chanakya'' in such a light that you or me can, on seeing the serial, exclaim even I could have done that.|align=right|source=Dr. [[Chandraprakash Dwivedi]] to ''Surya India'' magazine.<ref name="surya-india" />}}

Initially, Dwivedi was associated with the project only in his capacity as writer while his brother, Prakash Dwivedi, was the producer. Dwivedi decided to direct the series after continued differences of opinion with the original director, Rajiv Singh, who later filed a case against the producers.<ref name="dwivedi-rediff" /><ref name="organiser">{{cite news
| title = Pre-planned sabotage of 'Chanakya'
| work = [[Organiser (newspaper)|Organiser]]
| date = 28 June 1992
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=m04_AQAAIAAJ
}}</ref> Dwivedi submitted his script to Doordarshan in April 1986 and shot the [[plot (television)|plot]] after receiving the approval sometime in 1988. He submitted it to the channel in December 1988 and got the final approval by the end of the year.<ref name="surya-india">{{cite journal
| year = 1989
| title = And Now Chanakya
| journal = Surya India
| volume = 14
| page = 58
}}</ref> [[BR Chopra]], the producer of ''[[Mahabharat (1988 TV series)|Mahabharat]]'' had been interested in the series and had submitted a proposal of his own to Doordarshan. However, Doordarshan preferred Dwivedi's project to Chopra's proposal which had been "found wanting."<ref name="surya-india" />

===Filming===
The pilot was shot at a cost of [[Indian rupee|INR]] 1.8 million (15 million in 2009, as estimated by Dwivedi).<ref name="screen-history">{{cite news
|title= Lessons from history
|author= Chaya Unnikrishnan
|magazine= Screen Weekly
|date= 21 August 2009
|url= http://www.screenindia.com/news/lessons-from-history/503533/
|url-status=dead
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100411011316/http://www.screenindia.com/news/lessons-from-history/503533/
|archive-date= 11 April 2010}}</ref> Doordarshan initially allotted 26 episodes for the series and an extension was promised if "the quality was up to the mark."<ref name="surya-india" /> In early 1992, a further 21 episodes were sanctioned as against the 26 demanded, after the extension was initially (controversially) revoked, for a total of 47 episodes.<ref>{{cite book
|title=Development/digression diary of India: 3D companion volume to Information India 1991–92
|volume=45
|editor=S. P. Agrawal
|publisher=Concept Publishing Company
|year=1991
|page=118
|isbn=978-81-7022-305-4
}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal
|title=India Today, Volume 17, Part 1
|journal=India Today
|volume=17
|year=1992
|page=72
|publisher=Thomson Living Media
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Z2VDAAAAYAAJ
}}</ref> The first 17 episodes were shot over nine months at an estimated average cost of INR 900,000 per episode.<ref name="cscs-saffron">{{cite news
|title= Saffron for breakfast
|author= Madhavi Irani
|newspaper= The Times of India
|date= 1 December 1991
|url= http://www.cscsarchive.org:8081/MediaArchive/essays.nsf/(docid)/D8FC3F972470D71BE5256C5E00549F21
|url-status=dead
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110716105254/http://www.cscsarchive.org:8081/MediaArchive/essays.nsf/%28docid%29/D8FC3F972470D71BE5256C5E00549F21
|archive-date= 16 July 2011}}</ref> A huge cast of about 300 actors were involved with the production.<ref name="dwivedi-rediff" />

The production team included well-known technicians such as art director [[Nitish Roy]] and costume designer [[Salim Arif]] who had previously been involved with [[Shyam Benegal]]'s [[Bharat Ek Khoj]].<ref name="surya-india" /><ref name="arif">{{cite news
|title= Next work, your own catcall
|author= Arjun Narayanan
|newspaper= The New Indian Express
|date= 20 December 2009
|url= http://www.expressbuzz.com/edition/story.aspx?Title=Next+work,+your+own+catcall&artid=085ThyhuaVs=}}</ref> Arif was also part of the cast, as narrator and as the character Sidhartak. Roy remained art director for the first 25 episodes, and [[Nitin Chandrakant Desai]], who was assisting him, took over Episode 26 onwards.<ref name="screen-history" /><ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.jointscene.com/artists/Bollywood/Nitin_Desai/2449
|title = Nitin Chandrakant Desai
|work = Joint Scene
|url-status=dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100107055500/http://www.jointscene.com/artists/Bollywood/Nitin_Desai/2449
|archive-date = 7 January 2010}}</ref>

"Magnificent sets" were created at [[Film City]], Bombay (now Mumbai) for the series and an amount of INR 7 million was budgeted to build three cities including Pataliputra and Takshashila.<ref name="surya-india" /> ''Chanakya'' was Desai's first independent project and "[he] had to recreate the ancient grandeur of Pataliputra" for the series. Desai spent weeks at the [[Asiatic Library]] and [[Bombay University]] researching the period. The university librarian even had a separate desk installed for him in the arts and culture section after noting his "constant presence at the library, even during lunch hour, for weeks at an end."<ref>{{cite news
|title=The Set Maker
|date=14 April 2007
|newspaper=The Indian Express
|author=Piyus Roy
|url= http://www.indianexpress.com/story_print.php?storyId=28368
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
|title= Set for big times
|author= Deepa Karmalkar
|magazine= Screen Weekly
|date= 25 July 2008
|url= http://www.screenindia.com/news/Set-for-big-times/339405/
|url-status=dead
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100820113423/http://www.screenindia.com/news/Set-for-big-times/339405/
|archive-date= 20 August 2010}}</ref> The result was a town with "26 structures, four main lanes and six bylanes," all part of a single set.<ref>{{cite book
|title=Frames of mind: reflections on Indian cinema, Volume 44 of Indian horizons
|editor=Aruna Vasudev
|publisher=UBSPD
|year=1995
|page=132
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=2V9ZAAAAMAAJ
}}</ref>

Close attention was paid to detail when it came to costumes and weaponry, so much so that a piece of armor worn by Chandragupta was procured for over INR 8,000.<ref name="cscs-saffron" /> According to Muneesh Sappel, associate costume designer, the costumes "were based on books by Alkazi Raushan (costume advisor for the serial [[Mullah Nasruddin]]), Dr. Moti Chandra (former director of the [[Prince of Wales Museum]]), N. P. Joshi (author of ''Life in Ancient Pataliputra'') and K. Krishnamurthy’s ''Early Indian Archaeology''."<ref name="cscs-saffron" /><ref>{{cite news
|title= Art Directors gaining recognition
|author= Ashish Mitra
|magazine= Screen Weekly
|date= 12 March 2004
|url= http://www.screenindia.com/fullstory.php?content_id=7531}}</ref> Terracotta sculptures from the 1st century CE, the museums at Sarnath, Patna and Lucknow, and the caves at the [[Borivali National Park]] were other sources of inspiration.<ref name="cscs-saffron" /> In a 2009 interview, [[Salim Arif]] considered his work on ''Chanakya'' to be better than that on ''[[Bharat Ek Khoj]]''.<ref name="arif" />

===Casting===
Dwivedi chose stage actors to play the parts in the series. Pramod Moutho, Suraj Chaddha, [[Ragini Shah]], Ajay Dubey, [[Arun Bali]], and Himanshu Gokani were among the first to be selected.<ref name="surya-india" /> While Dwivedi played the central role of Chanakya, he faced a problem when he looked for someone to play the adolescent Vishnugupta. It was then that his friend Akshay Vyas introduced him to Mitesh Safari. "One look at Mitesh and [Dwivedi] knew he had found his Chanakya. [He] did not even take Mitesh's screen test and told him to report directly for the shooting."<ref>{{cite news
|title=The baton passes on
|author=Parag Maniar
|date=7 November 2008
|newspaper=Mumbai Mirror
|url=http://www.mumbaimirror.com/index.aspx?page=article&sectid=12&contentid=2008110720081107025805452d09235f4&sectxslt=section
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120223142231/http://www.mumbaimirror.com/index.aspx?page=article&sectid=12&contentid=2008110720081107025805452d09235f4&sectxslt=section
|archive-date=23 February 2012}}</ref>

===Crew===
* Mohan Kaul – Editing
* Rajeev Khandelwal – Re-Editing/Editing
* Rajan Kothari – Cinematography
* Subhash Agarwal – Audiography
* Ashit Desai – Music
* [[Nitish Roy]] – Art Director
* [[Nitin Chandrakant Desai]] – Associate Art Director
* [[Salim Arif]] – Costume Designer
* Muneesh Sappel – Assistant Costume Designer
* Vivek Nayak - Make-up artist

== Cast ==
'''Chanakya and his coterie'''

* [[Chandraprakash Dwivedi]] – [[Chanakya]] (Vishnugupta/Kautilya)
** Mitesh Safari – Young Chanakya
* Dinesh Shakul – [[Chandragupta Maurya]]
** Abhishek Dwivedi – Young Chandragupta
* Sanjeev Puri – ''Senapati'' Sinharan (of Taxila)
* [[Deepraj Rana]] – Akshay
* Bakul Thakkar – Sharangdev
* [[Sanjay Mishra (actor)|Sanjay Mishra]] – Nipunak
* [[Navneet Nishan]] – Shaunotra

'''The Greeks'''

* Shahrukh Irani – Alakshendra ([[Alexander the Great]])
* Nileish Malhotra – Satrap [[Philip (son of Machatas)|Philip]]
* [[Kurush Deboo]] – Cliturcus/ Kritorus

'''Magadha'''

* Suraj Chaddha – King [[Dhanananda]]

'''Pre-self-exile period'''

* [[Pramod Moutho]] – ''Maha Mantri'' Shaktar
* Himanshu Gokani – ''Maha Amatya'' Vakranas
* Surendra Sharma – Shishupal (Shaktar's spy)
* Vimal Verma – ''Paur'' Milind
* [[Ragini Shah]] – Chanakya's mother
* Ajay Dubey – ''Acharya'' Chanak (Chanakya's father)
* S.P. Dubey – ''Acharya'' Abhinavgupta (Chanakya's guru)
* Meenakshi Thakur – Bhamini (Shaktar's wife)
* Mahendra Raghuvanshi – Kaaljayi (Dhanananda's spy)
* Ankur Merchant – Young Ajeya
* Punit Shukla – Young Kartikeya
* Utkarsha Naik – Chandragupta's mother
* Laxmikant Karpe – Chandragupta's uncle
* Mihir Bhuta – Young Katyayan
* [[Sushil Parashar]] – crematorium grounds-keeper
* Shikha Diwan – Angad's mother

'''[[Gandhara]] / Takshashila / [[Taxila]]'''

* [[Sudhir Dalvi]] – Ambhiraj, King of Taxila
* Adarsh Gautam – [[Ambhi]]kumar, Prince of Taxila and son of ambhiraj and next king of Taxila
* Chandramohan Bounthiyal – Anujdev
* Brij Mohan Vyas – ''Kulpati'' ''Acharya'' Taponidhi
* Siraj Syed – ''Maha Mantri'' Sushen
* Namrata Sahani – Princess Alka (Ambhiraj's daughter and ambhikumar's sister)

[[Pauravas|'''Pauravrashtra''']]

* [[Arun Bali]] – [[Porus|King Purushottam or Porus]] King of pauravrashtra or Kekaya Raj
* [[Ashok Banthia]] – ''Maha Mantri'' Indradutt
* Malvika Tiwari – Kalyani (Porus' daughter)
* Kirti Azad – Ashtavakra (Spy in Taxila)
* Kumar Ram Pravesh – Chakravak (Spy in Taxila)
* [[Anita Kanwal]] – Subhada (Spy in Taxila)
* Kamal Chaturvedi – Mrityunjay (Spy in Taxila)
* Chandrakant Beloskar – Minister Pishuna
* Ashish Deshpande – King Bamni, father of Porus
* JD Majethia – [[Malayaketu|Malayketu]], son of Porus
* Prakash Dwivedi – Monk Jeevasiddhi (Bhadanta) & Paurav Raj, father of [[Malayaketu|Malayketu]]

'''Post-self-exile period'''

* [[Surendra Pal]] – Maha Amatya Katyayan (''Amatya'' Rakshas)
[[File:IrrfanKhan.jpg|170px|thumb|[[Irrfan Khan]] plays the role of Commander Bhadrasala]]
* [[Irrfan Khan]] – ''Senapati'' Bhadrashaal
* [[Ashok Lokhande]] – ''Ashwadhyaksha'' Purushdutt
* Naresh Suri – ''Senadhyaksha'' Balgupta
* Ishan Trivedi – ''Acharya'' Ajeya
* Renuka Israni – Maitree (Ajeya's wife)
* [[Manoj Joshi (actor)|Manoj Joshi]] as ''Mantri'' Shriyak (Shaktar's son)
* Vipin Sharma – ''Maha Mantri'' Varruchi
* Chand Dhar – ''Acharya'' Rudradev
* Trilok Malhotra – Bhagurayan (Head of Detective Department)
* Jairoop Jeevan – Susidhartak (Undercover Spy)
* [[Salim Arif]] – Sidhartak / Narrator
* [[Neena Gupta]] – ''Raj Nartaki'' Shweta

== Re-telecast ==
The series was re-telecast on Doordarshan's [[DD National]] TV channel during the lockdown imposed by the government of India to prevent spread of the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] from first week of April 2020<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/television/soaps/story/after-ramayan-and-shaktimaan-doordarshan-to-re-telecast-shrimaan-shrimati-chanakya-among-others-1661624-2020-03-31|title=Doordarsh all set to re-telicast Chanakya on DD Bharti during lockdown|last=Singh|first=Suhani|date=31 March 2020|website=India Today|access-date=31 March 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=News agency.|first=ANI|url=https://news.abplive.com/entertainment/television/after-ramayana-shaktimaan-and-chanakya-to-join-list-of-reruns-on-doordarshan-1185649/amp|title=Doordarsh decided to re-telicast Chanakya on DD Bharti TV channel from first week of April.|date=31 March 2020|work=ABP NEWS|access-date=31 March 2020}}</ref>

*

== Reception ==
The series gathered much praise for its authenticity, particularly the way it used costumes and similar artistic devices.<ref name="cscs-saffron" /> Journalist and media critic [[Sevanti Ninan]], bemoaning the lack of attention paid to authenticity and aesthetics in Indian mythological serials, wrote in a 2000 column in ''[[The Hindu]]'' — "'Chanakya' still stands out in one's memory for its period authenticity."<ref>{{cite news
|title= Television gods
|author= Sevanti Ninan
|newspaper= The Hindu
|date= 16 July 2000
|url= http://www.cscsarchive.org:8081/MediaArchive/essays.nsf/%28docid%29/40F20D7DA875D31D65256A3A0042A43E}}</ref>

The series was commercially successful for Doordarshan, bringing in INR 180  million in advertising revenues.<ref>{{cite news
|title= DD Metro Channel council soon
|author= Askari H. Zaidi
|newspaper= The Times of India
|date= 1 August 1992
|url= http://cscsarchive.org:8081/__e52568520028c6dd.nsf/0/de718f8e81119bc5e5256c7000780a6e?OpenDocument
|url-status=dead
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110725211615/http://cscsarchive.org:8081/__e52568520028c6dd.nsf/0/de718f8e81119bc5e5256c7000780a6e?OpenDocument
|archive-date= 25 July 2011}}</ref> While thinking about opening up the organization's second channel, [[DD Metro]], to private producers in lieu of license fees, it took the ''Chanakya'' experience into consideration with a Doordarshan official commenting that "quality programmes can attract enough advertising support to sustain even small producers who could be bidding for time slots on the metro channel."

''Chanakya'' brought instant and lasting recognition to the director and chief protagonist, Dwivedi,<ref name="screen-pinjar" /> who is often referred to as "Dr. Chandraprakash 'Chanakya' Dwivedi."<ref>{{cite news
|title= Building programmes
|author= Menka Shivdasani
|newspaper= Business Line
|date= 2 July 2001
|url= http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2001/07/02/stories/10024412.htm}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
|title= Missing stars take shine out of Delhi CM's meet
|agency = Express News Service
|newspaper= The Indian Express
|date= 24 February 1998
|url= http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19980224/05550734.html}}</ref>

===Awards===

====6th Uptron Awards, 1992 (for 1991)====
* Best Director – [[Chandraprakash Dwivedi]]
* Best Actor – Chandraprakash Dwivedi
* Best Art Direction – [[Nitin Chandrakant Desai]]

====7th Uptron Awards, 1993 (for 1992)====
* Best Serial<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=84FDAAAAYAAJ Data India, 1993]</ref>
* Best Actor in a Supporting Role – [[Surendra Pal]]

==Distribution==
''Chanakya'' premiered on [[Doordarshan]]'s main channel, [[DD National]], in September 1991. In 1993, it was picked up by the [[BBC]] and telecast in the UK on BBC2 as part of the Saturday morning ''Asia Two'' slot.<ref>{{cite book
|title=European television: immigrants and ethnic minorities
|author1=Claire Frachon
|author2=Marion Vargaftig
|year=1995
|publisher=John Libby
|page=265
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=zr1kAAAAMAAJ
}}</ref> [[Zee TV]] [[rerun|re-ran]] it in 1997<ref name="book-qos" /> when Dwivedi was the channel's programming head, and [[9X (TV channel)|9X]] in 2007–08. Since 2008, [[Amrita TV]] runs a dubbed (into [[Malayalam language|Malayalam]]) version titled ''Chanakya Tantram''. The series has been broadcast in the US, Canada, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Mauritius and Nepal.<ref name="screen-pinjar" />

Since 1993, the complete series has been available on [[home video]] in formats including a set of 16 VHS video cassettes,<ref>{{cite book
|title=The future of anthropological knowledge
|url=https://archive.org/details/futureanthropolo00moor
|url-access=limited
|author= Henrietta L. Moore
|year=1996
|publisher=Routledge
|page=[https://archive.org/details/futureanthropolo00moor/page/n67 57]
|isbn=978-0-415-10786-0
}}</ref> 47 VCDs, and 12 DVDs.

==See also==
* ''[[Mudrarakshasa]]''
* [[Arthashastra|''Kautilya Arthashastra'']]
* [[Chanakyaniti|Chanakyaniti (Niti Samuchya)]]
* [[Chandragupta Maurya (2011 TV series)|''Chandragupta Maurya'' (2011 TV series)]]
* [[Chandragupta Maurya (2018 TV series)|''Chandragupta Maurya'' (2018 TV series)]]
* ''[[Upanishad Ganga]]''

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

== References ==
* {{cite journal
| year = 1989
| title = And Now Chanakya
| journal = Surya India
| volume = 14
| page = 58
| publisher = A. Anand
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=3nhDAAAAYAAJ
}}
* {{cite book
| title = A question of silence: the sexual economies of modern India
| year = 2000
| orig-year = 1998
| editor = Mary E. John, Janaki Nair
| author = Uma Chakravarti
| author-link = Uma Chakravarti
| chapter = Inventing Saffron History
| pages = 243–268
| publisher = Zed Books
| isbn = 978-1-85649-892-0
}}

== External links ==
{{Wikiquote}}
* {{IMDb title|0389593|Chanakya}}

[[Category:Serial drama television series]]
[[Category:Indian period television series]]
[[Category:Costume drama television series]]
[[Category:1991 Indian television series debuts]]
[[Category:1992 Indian television series endings]]
[[Category:Works about the Maurya Empire]]
[[Category:Indian historical television series]]
[[Category:DD National original programming]]
[[Category:Television series set in Ancient India]]
[[Category:Films directed by Chandraprakash Dwivedi]]

Bharatpedia - User contributions [en]

Chanakya (TV series)