Mula-Mutha River

2021-07-19T11:24:42Z

210.212.188.45:

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=March 2019}}
{{Infobox river
| name = Mutha
| name_native =
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| image = New-Yerwada-Bridge-Over-Mula-Mutha.jpg
| image_size =
| image_caption = New Yerwada Bridge over the Mula-Mutha River
| map =
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| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = [[India]]
| subdivision_type2 = State
| subdivision_name2 = [[Maharashtra]]
| subdivision_type3 = Region
| subdivision_name3 = [[Deccan Plateau]]
| subdivision_type4 = District
| subdivision_name4 = [[Pune District|Pune]]
| subdivision_type5 = City
| subdivision_name5 = [[Pune]]

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| source1 =
| source1_location = [[Pune]] City, confluence of [[Mula River (India)|Mula]] & [[Mutha River|Mutha]], [[Pune District|Pune]], Sangamwadi, [[Pune|Pune city]]
| source1_coordinates= {{coord|18|34|23|N|73|49|54|E|display=inline}}
| source1_elevation =
| mouth = [[Bhima River]]
| mouth_location = [[Pune District]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|18|33|39|N|74|20|40|E|display=inline,title}}
| mouth_elevation =
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| tributaries_left = [[Mula River (India)|Mula]]
| tributaries_right = [[Mutha River|Mutha]]
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}}

The '''Mula-Mutha''' is a river in [[India]], formed by the confluence of the [[Mula River (India)|Mula]] and [[Mutha River|Mutha]] rivers in the city of [[Pune]], which later meets the [[Bhima River]], which itself later meets the [[Krishna River]] and finally emptying to the [[Bay of Bengal]].<ref name="riversystems">{{cite book|title=GAZETTEERS OF BOMBAY jSTATE - POONA|url=https://cultural.maharashtra.gov.in/english/gazetteer/Poona/PART%20I/Chap(1)/River%20Systems.htm |access-date=7 July 2014|publisher=Ministry of Culture and Tourism, [[Government of Maharashtra]]|chapter=RIVER SYSTEMS }}</ref>

The river flows through the village of [[Kavadi]] in the [[Solapur district]], witnesses many migratory birds. However, increase in pollution in the recent years has resulted in a reduction in the number of birds.<ref name="robbed">{{cite news|title=How river pollution is robbing Kavadi of birds |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/How-river-pollution-is-robbing-Kavadi-of-birds/articleshow/7079541.cms |first=Neha |last=Madaan|date=11 December 2010 |newspaper=[[Times of India]] |location=Pune |access-date=11 July 2014}}</ref> Pollution from effluents released into the river at [[Pune]] has been found to cause high levels of pollution in the [[Bhima River]], the reservoir of [[Ujani dam]] and Krishna River, too, resulting in many water-borne ailments.<ref name="ujanidam">{{cite news|title=Ujani dam is full of toxins, finds survey |url=http://www.punemirror.in/pune/civic/Ujani-dam-is-full-of-toxins-finds-survey/articleshow/36403388.cms |first=Mayuri |last=Phadnis |date=12 June 2014 |newspaper=[[Pune Mirror]] |location=Pune |access-date=11 July 2014}}</ref>

Due to high levels of pollution, including 125 MLD of untreated sewerage water being discharged into the river by the [[Pune Municipal Corporation]], the [[Maharashtra Pollution Control Board]] has classified the water quality to be of ''Class-IV''.<ref name="mpcbchap5">{{Cite web|title=MAJOR SOURCES OF POLLUTION in PUNE|url=http://mpcb.gov.in/relatedtopics/CHAPTER5.pdf|publisher=[[Maharashtra Pollution Control Board]]|access-date=9 July 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304003519/http://mpcb.gov.in/relatedtopics/CHAPTER5.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Pune Municipal Corporation announced plans to clean up and restore the river by pumping in oxygen on the lines of restoration efforts undertaken in [[Mumbai]] for the [[Mithi River]].<ref name="mithi">{{cite news|title=Mula, Mutha ecosystem to be cleaned up on the lines of Mithi |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/mula-mutha-ecosystem-to-be-cleaned-up-on-the-lines-of-mithi/648082/ |first=Nisha |last=Nambiar |date=18 July 2010 |newspaper=[[Indian Express]] |location=Pune |access-date=11 July 2014}}</ref>

In 2011, it was reported that several Japanese businessmen were keen on offering support to a plan initiated by the ''[[Mahratta Chamber of Commerce, Industries and Agriculture]]'' and supported by the [[Pune Municipal Corporation]] to clean up and beautify the Mula-Mutha river.<ref name="japanese">{{cite news|title=Japanese offer to help restore Mula-Mutha river in Pune |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-japanese-offer-to-help-restore-mula-mutha-river-in-pune-1511434 |date=22 February 2011 |work=[[Daily News and Analysis]]|location=Mumbai |access-date=11 July 2014}}</ref> The same year, the Pune Municipal Corporation gave its approval to build a riverside road on the banks of the Mula-Mutha from Shivane to [[Kharadi]], covering a distance of {{convert|22|km|mi}} to link several important roads in the city.<ref name="riverside">{{cite news|title=Civic Panel approves riverside road project |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/Civic-Panel-approves-riverside-road-project/articleshow/7577437.cms |date=26 February 2011 |newspaper=[[Times of India]] |location=Pune |access-date=11 July 2014}}</ref>

In 2014, the [[Pune Police]] discovered that [[marijuana]] plants were being grown on the riverbed near [[Kharadi]].<ref name="cannabis">{{cite news|title=More cannabis growth found on Mula-Mutha river bed |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/more-cannabis-growth-found-on-mula-mutha-river-bed/ |date=2 March 2014 |newspaper=[[Indian Express]]|location=Pune|access-date=9 July 2014}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Krishna River]]
* [[Bhima River]]

=== References ===
{{reflist}}

{{Pune district topics}}
{{Pune topics}}
{{Hydrography of Maharashtra}}
{{Krishna basin |state=expanded}}

[[Category:Rivers of Maharashtra]]
[[Category:Geography of Pune]]
[[Category:Rivers of India]]

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Mula-Mutha River