Surendranagar district

2021-08-25T04:43:23Z

2003:D4:BF03:1300:F9E9:C7C6:3A7B:75B6: rv

{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Surendranagar}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2014}}
{{EngvarB|date=July 2014}}

{{Infobox settlement
| name = Surendranagar district
| native_name =
| settlement_type = District
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_map = Surendranagar in Gujarat (India).svg
| map_caption = Location of district in Gujarat
| coordinates = {{coord|22.73|N|71.51|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flagu|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = [[Gujarat]]
| subdivision_type2 = Region
| subdivision_name2 = [[Saurashtra (region)|Saurashtra]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 10489
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 547
| population_total = 1,756,268
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = 144.45
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="census data">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Dist_File/datasheet-2408.pdf|title=Basic Data Sheet: District muli(08), Gujarat (24)|publisher=Census of India|year=2001|format=PDF}}</ref>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 363001
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 02752
| registration_plate = GJ 13
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Surendranagar]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| blank2_info_sec1 = 0.924 [[female|♀]]/[[male|♂]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = Literacy
| blank3_info_sec1 = 72.13%[http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php census of 2011]
| website = {{URL|https://surendranagardp.gujarat.gov.in/en/home}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Surendranagar''' is an administrative district in [[Saurashtra (region)|Saurashtra region]] of [[Gujarat]] state in [[India]].<ref>https://surendranagardp.gujarat.gov.in/en/home</ref> It has a population of approximately 1.7 million people. [[Surendranagar city]], along with the twin city of [[Wadhwan]], has a total of 400,000 inhabitants, and is known as "Camp".
[[File:Gate at Zinzuwada Gujarat.jpg|thumb|Gate at [[Zinzuwada]], Gujarat, India]]

==Economy==
In the past, Surendranagar was used by colonialists as a [[hill station]], because of its dry environment that was beneficial for some physical as well as mental ailments.{{By whom|date=September 2010}} Surendranagar's dry air is still believed to be the best place in Gujarat to cure [[tuberculosis]] patients.{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}}

District capital Surendranagar, which lies under [[Municipality]] body is suffering from poor condition of roads and the two [[Causeway]]s which join both the sides of city divided by [[Bhogavo River]]. [[Municipality]] body of city is considered to be a candidate for status of [[Municipal Corporation]] for a long time but due to some political reasons it never happen. It has the second highest number of educational institutes per capita.{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}}
Many newspapers are published from Surendranagar in Gujarat.

===Businesses{{Anchor|SME's}}===
Many [[small and medium enterprises]] and industries are present, including [[confectionery]], [[Pottery|ceramics]], [[pharmaceuticals]], engineering plastics, bearings and spindles, and salt production. [[Wadhwan|Wadhwan City]] is a major trade and processing centre for agricultural products, cotton, salt, pharmaceuticals, chemicals and plastics, textile bearings, ceramics, and sanitary ware.

===Natural resources{{Anchor|Cotton & salt}}===
Nearly 25 percent of India's salt supply comes from mining in the Surendranagar area.{{Citation needed|date=April 2009}} There are miles of ''Agar'' ([[Dry lake|Salt pan]]s), especially in the [[Kharaghoda]] area.{{Citation needed|date=April 2009}} High-quality salt is produced in Zinzuwada, a desert area.

===Textiles===
Surendranagar is a hub of [[cotton]] and [[Cotton ginning|ginning]] activities in India, with a large number of ginning and pressing units. It is one of the largest producers of quality ''Shankar'' cotton in world. The Surendranagar Cotton Oil and Oilseeds Association Ltd.,( Government of India recognised) is a world-famous futures trading exchange for cotton. It was established in 1964 and is the first Cotton Future Trading Exchange in India.{{Citation needed|date=April 2009}}

Surendranagar City is also home to a big textile and clothing market, specialising in [[sari]]s. Large clothing showrooms are located in the city on Jawahar Road and Vithal Press Road.

==Demographics==
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Surendranagar district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,756,268, with 909,917 males and 846,351 females<ref>{{Cite web|title=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|url=https://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=574518|access-date=14 October 2020|website=censusindia.gov.in}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[The Gambia]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote = Gambia, The 1,797,860 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> or the US state of [[Nebraska]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=2010 Resident Population Data|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau|access-date=30 September 2011| quote =Nebraska 1,826,341
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 274th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 30 September 2011 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> The district has a population density of {{convert| 167 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001–2011 was 15.89%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Surendranagar has a [[sex ratio]] of 929 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 73.19%.<ref name=districtcensus/>

At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 98.84% of the population in the district spoke [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] and 0.69% [[Hindi]] as their first language.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref>

76.82% of the population is [[Hindu]]. Caste wise residents include [[Brahmins]], [[Kshatriya]], [[Patels]], [[Vankar]] as well as significant numbers of [[Bharvad]], [[Rabari]], Luhar Suthar, [[Kansara]], [[Mochi]] and [[Sathwara]]
.

Main Jain Temple, which is in the heart of the city, of Sri Vasupujyaswami Bhahvan is more than 100 years old.

==Culture==
[[File:Tarnetar Fair 09.jpg|thumb|A man in traditional costumes during [[Tarnetar]] fair.]]
Raj-Rajeshwari Temple, on National Highway Number 8 near Limbdi, is a large area of residences, hospitals, and schools. The temple features an exhibition of yoga performed by ''Rishiji''. This temple has temples to three major gods—[[Brahma]], [[Vishnu]], and [[Shiva|Mahesh]]—inside. It is the only such temple in Gujarat. The temple is noted for its architecture. ''(lack of info. Cannot find it via googlemap)''

Trimandir - A very big temple known as the ‘Trimandir’ by Param Pujya [[Dada Bhagwan]] houses Lord [[Simandhar Swami]], Shiv Swaroop, Krishna Bhagwan, other celestial deities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.trimandir.org/list-of-trimandirs/surendranagar-trimandir/|title=The Surendranagar Trimandir|access-date=2018-05-10}}</ref>

The famous kund known as "Gangavo" is located in Dedadara village. It was built in the 11th century.

===Legends===
====Ranakadevi====
{{Main|Ranakadevi}}
According to legend, during the siege of Junagadh, [[Jayasimha Siddharaja]] fell in love with the queen of [[Khengara (12th century king)|Khengara]], Ranakdevi. He attacked Junagadh and killed Ra'Khengar to claim the fort and the queen, but she refused and fled. She escaped from the city towards the River Bhogaavo. After a long chase, she gave up and instead of becoming the queen of Junagadh she sacrificed her life by forming [[Sati (practice)|sati]] on the banks of Bhogavo River, near the city of [[Wadhwan]]. However, before she died she cursed that the river would not flow beyond that spot.{{citation needed|date=January 2017}} There is a temple in honour of Ranakdevi on the banks of the river.

==Notable people==


* [[Anil Chavda]] a Gujarati poet, was born here.
* [[Dalpatram]] (1820-1898) a [[Gujarati language]] poet was born in Wadhwan city of Surendranagar district.
* [[Jhaverchand Meghani]] (1896–1947) poet, litterateur, social reformer and freedom fighter. Born in [[Chotila]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Jhaverchand Meghani – Life Part-1 : 1896–1922 | publisher = Nanak Meghani | url = http://jhaverchandmeghani.com/life-1.htm | access-date = 20 September 2011}}</ref>
* [[Shahabuddin Rathod]] a Gujarati comedian, hails from this district.
* [[Vipul K. Rawal]] a Hindi film writer was born in Surendranagar.
* [[Sukhlal Sanghvi]] (1880–1978) [[Jain]] scholar and philosopher. Born in [[Limbdi]].<ref>{{cite book | last =Mohan Lal |title =Encyclopaedia of Indian literature, Volume 5| publisher =Sahitya Akademi| year =2006 | location =New Delhi | ISBN =81-260-1221-8}} p. 4215</ref>



==See also==
* [[Surendranagar city]]
* [[Surendranagar (Lok Sabha constituency)]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Surendranagar district}}
* [https://surendranagar.nic.in/ Official website]
* [http://surendranagar.gujarat.gov.in/ Surendranagar Collectorate]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Surendranagar district
|North =
|Northeast = [[Patan district]] <br> [[Mahesana district]]
|East =
|Southeast = [[Ahmedabad district]]
|South = [[Bhavnagar district]]
|Southwest = [[Rajkot district]]
|West =
|Northwest = [[Kutch district]]
}}

{{Gujarat}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Surendranagar District}}
[[Category:Surendranagar district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Gujarat]]

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Surendranagar district