Nadia district

2026-05-04T15:39:56Z

192.55.54.39: slightly cleanup lead after review and cleaned formatting

{{Short description|District in West Bengal, India}}
{{more citations needed|date=November 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Nadia district
| native_name = নদীয়া জেলা<ref>https://nadia.gov.in/bn/</ref>
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of West Bengal|District]] of [[West Bengal]]
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
|photo1a = Chandroday mandir uc side view.jpg
|photo2a = Three Obelisks of Mirmadan, Nabe Singh Hajari and Bahadur Khan near Plassey.jpg
|photo2b = Silhouette at Jalangi.jpg
|photo3a = Main temple spire of Somaj Bari, Nabadwip 2.jpg
|photo3b = Chakdah mosque.jpg
|photo4a = Banana Plantation - Bhaktanagar - Nadia 2017-08-15 2363.JPG
|size = 300
|foot_montage = Clockwise from top-left: [[Temple of the Vedic Planetarium|Mayapur ISKCON temple]], Memorial to the Bengali commanders at [[Palashi]], [[Jalangi River|Jalangi river]] near [[Palashipara]], Chakdah Masjid, Banana plantation in Bhaktanagar, Somaj Bari Temple in [[Nabadwip]]
}}
| image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|frame-width=300|frame-height=300|frame-align=center|type=shape|id=Q1143880 |stroke-colour=#C60C30|stroke-width=2|text=Interactive Map Outlining Nadia District}}
| image_map1 = Nadia in West Bengal (India).svg
| mapsize = 300
| map_caption1 = Location of Nadia district in West Bengal
| coordinates = {{coord|23|29|N|88|32|E|type:adm3rd_region:IN-WB_dim:100000|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Emblem of West Bengal (Banglarmukh) before 2018.png}} [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of West Bengal|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Presidency division|Presidency]]
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]]
| leader_title = [[List of subdivisions of West Bengal|Subdivisions]]
| leader_name = [[Krishnanagar Sadar subdivision|Krishnanagar Sadar]], [[Kalyani subdivision|Kalyani]], [[Ranaghat subdivision|Ranaghat]], [[Tehatta subdivision|Tehatta]]
| leader_title1 = [[Community Development Block|CD Blocks]]
| leader_name1 = [[Kaliganj (community development block)|Kaliganj]], [[Nakashipara (community development block)|Nakashipara]], [[Chapra, Nadia (community development block)|Chapra]], [[Krishnanagar I]], [[Krishnanagar II]], [[Nabadwip (community development block)|Nabadwip]], [[Krishnaganj (community development block)|Krishnaganj]], [[Chakdaha (community development block)|Chakdaha]], [[Haringhata (community development block)|Haringhata]], [[Hanskhali (community development block)|Hanskhali]], [[Santipur (community development block)|Santipur]], [[Ranaghat I]], [[Ranaghat II]], [[Karimpur I]], [[Karimpur II]], [[Tehatta I]], [[Tehatta II]]
| leader_title2 = [[List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2 = [[Krishnanagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Krishnanagar]], [[Ranaghat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ranaghat]], [[Bangaon (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bangaon]], [[Murshidabad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Murshidabad]]
| leader_title3 = [[List of constituencies of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name3 = [[Karimpur Assembly constituency|Karimpur]], [[Tehatta Assembly constituency|Tehatta]], [[Palashipara Assembly constituency|Palashipara]], [[Kaliganj Assembly constituency|Kaliganj]], [[Nakashipara Assembly constituency|Nakashipara]], [[Chapra, West Bengal Assembly constituency|Chapra]], [[Krishnanagar Uttar Assembly constituency|Krishnanagar Uttar]], [[Nabadwip Assembly constituency|Nabadwip]], [[Krishnanagar Dakshin Assembly constituency|Krishnanagar Dakshin]], [[Santipur Assembly constituency|Santipur]], [[Ranaghat Uttar Paschim Assembly constituency|Ranaghat Uttar Paschim]], [[Krishnaganj Assembly constituency|Krishnaganj]], [[Ranaghat Uttar Purba Assembly constituency|Ranaghat Uttar Purba]], [[Ranaghat Dakshin Assembly constituency|Ranaghat Dakshin]], [[Chakdaha Assembly constituency|Chakdaha]], [[Kalyani Assembly constituency|Kalyani]], [[Haringhata Assembly constituency|Haringhata]]
| total_type = Total
| area_total_km2 = 3927
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 5,167,600
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban = 1438873
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 75.58 per cent
| demographics1_title2 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]
| demographics1_info2 = 947 [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| demographics_type2 = Languages
| demographics2_title1 = Official
| demographics2_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]<ref name="wblangoff">{{cite web|title=Fact and Figures|url=https://wb.gov.in/portal/web/guest/facts-and-figures;jsessionid=JzdD9RHb7aMY5esZPtcsIVLy|website=Wb.gov.in|access-date=5 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=Nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=5 July 2019|page=85|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref>
| demographics2_title2 = Additional official
| demographics2_info2 = [[English language|English]]<ref name="wblangoff"/>
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| website = {{URL|http://nadia.gov.in/}}
}}

'''Nadia district''' ({{IPA|bn|nod̪ia}}) is a [[Districts of West Bengal|district]] in the [[Indian state]] of [[West Bengal]]. It lies in the [[Presidency division]]. It borders [[Bangladesh]] to the east, [[North 24 Parganas district|North 24 Parganas]] and [[Hooghly district|Hooghly]] districts to the south, [[Purba Bardhaman district|Purba Bardhaman]] to the west, and [[Murshidabad district|Murshidabad]] to the north.

Nadia district is highly influential in the cultural history of Bengal. The standard form of modern [[Bengali language|Bengali]], developed in the 19th century, is based on the dialect spoken around [[Shantipur]] region of Nadia. Known as the "[[Oxford]] of Bengal", Nabadwip made many contributions to Indian philosophy, such as the Navya-Nyaya system of logic, and is the birthplace of the Vaishnava saint [[Chaitanya Mahaprabhu]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name="Official district website" /> The district is still largely agricultural.<ref name="Official district website" />

== Etymology ==
"Nadia" is a shortened name for a historic city in the district. Nabadwip, literally "new island", was formerly an island created by alluvial deposits of the Ganga.

== Geography ==
Nadia district is located in southern West Bengal, in the west-central Bengal region. The district is largely an alluvial plain, formed by the constant shifting of the various rivers of the Ganges Delta. To the west of the district is the [[Hooghly River|Bhagirathi]] (or Hooghly) river, which was once the main distributary of the Ganga towards the Bay of Bengal, and is still considered to be the continuation of the Ganga for Hindus. As the main flow of the Ganga ran east into the Padma, the Bhagirathi largely dried up. Most of the rivers flowing through Nadia now have little water in them. Nearly all the district has been converted into farmland.

=== Rivers ===
Nadia district is home to many rivers. The Padma, now the main distributary of the Ganga, touches the district on its northeastern end.

The [[Jalangi River|Jalangi]], which flows from Murshidabad district, forms much of the northwestern border of the district with Murshidabad, before flowing south into Nadia district. Around Krishnanagar, it turns west and flows into the Bhagirathi near Nabadwip.

The [[Mathabhanga River|Mathabhanga]] originates in the far northeast of the district and forms part of the border with Bangladesh. It then flows into Bangladesh until it, again forming part of the border, re-enters the district at Gede. At Maijdia, it splits into the [[Churni River|Churni]] and [[Ichamati River|Ichamati]]. The Churni flows southwest and merges with the [[Hooghly River|Bhagirathi]] at Shibpur near Ranaghat. The Ichamati flows into Bangladesh near Mubarakpur and reenters India near Duttaphulia. It then flows south into North 24 Parganas district.

==History==
[[Nabadwip]], an ancient town within Nadia district, is often referred to as the "[[Oxford]] of Bengal".<ref name=":0">Cotton, H.E.A., ''Calcutta Old and New'', 1909/1980, p1, General Printers and Publishers Pvt. Ltd.</ref><ref name="Official district website" /> One of the Indian schools of logic ([[Tarka sastra]]) called [[Navya-Nyāya|Navya Nyaya]] system was developed in [[Nabadwip]], which produced great logicians in the 15th century. [[Nabadwip]] was an important seat of political power and the capital of Bengal under [[Ballal Sen]] and later [[Lakshman Sen]], kings of the [[Sena Empire]], who ruled from 1159 to 1206.<ref name="Official district website">{{Cite web |title=Tourism-Details |url=http://nadia.nic.in/Tourism-Details/tourism-details.html |access-date=2022-07-01 |website=nadia.nic.in}}</ref> In 1202, [[Nabadwip]] was captured by [[Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji|Bakhtiyar Khilji]]. This victory paved the way for Muslim rule in Bengal.<ref>
[http://www.wb.nic.in/westbg/nabadwip.html Tourist Department] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209210539/http://www.wb.nic.in/westbg/nabadwip.html |date=9 February 2010 }}</ref> The British defeated [[Siraj ud-Daulah]], Nawab of Bengal, at [[Palashi]] in this district. The [[Indigo revolt|1859 revolt]] against European Indigo planters started from the village of Chaugacha, by [[Digambar Biswas]] and Bishnu Charan Biswas in [[Krishnanagar, Nadia]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bhattacharya |first=Subhas |date=July 1977 |title=The Indigo Revolt of Bengal |url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/socialscientist/pager.html?issue=60&objectid=HN681.S597_60_015.gif |journal=Social Scientist |volume=5 |issue=60 |page=17 |jstor=3516809 |archive-date=19 February 2022 |access-date=19 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220219042118/https://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/socialscientist/pager.html?issue=60&objectid=HN681.S597_60_015.gif |url-status=dead }}</ref> Nadia is thought to have had trade relations with [[Tibet]], [[Nepal]] and [[Bhutan]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.dailysangram.com/post/271645-%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8-%E0%A6%90%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7-%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE| title = Rich in History and Tradition Kushtia Previous Name Nadia| date = 13 February 2018| access-date = 26 August 2018| archive-date = 3 July 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170703141556/http://www.dailysangram.com/post/271645-%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8-%E0%A6%90%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7-%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE| url-status = dead}}</ref>

On 15 August 1947, the [[Indian Independence Act 1947]] came into force, and for the next two days [[Nadia District (1787–1947)|Nadia]], along with [[Murshidabad]], [[Malda district|Malda]], and [[West Dinajpur district|West Dinajpur]] (present-day [[North Dinajpur]] and [[South Dinajpur]]) due to [[Muslim-majority|Muslim majority]], were part of the [[Dominion of Pakistan]] (specifically [[East Bengal]] or [[East Pakistan]], which seceded as [[Bangladesh]] in 1971). On 17 August 1947, the final boundary adjustment of the [[Radcliffe Commission]] transferred these districts to the [[Dominion of India]] (specifically [[West Bengal]]), <ref name="Murshidabad Govt Website"/> to ensure the [[Hooghly River]] was entirely within India and to maintain connectivity between [[Kolkata]] and [[Guwahati]] through [[Darjeeling]] district. But, later Nadia and [[West Dinajpur district|West Dinajpur]] became [[Hindu]]-majority districts due to the arrival of large number of [[Bengali Hindu]] refugees from [[East Bengal]] of [[Pakistan]] during 1947 and [[Bangladesh]] ([[East Bengal]]) liberation war in 1971.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chatterji |first1=Joya |title=The Spoils of Partition: Bengal and India, 1947–1967 |date=2007 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781139468305 |page=59 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjQ0iWSq2R0C&pg=PA59 |access-date=21 June 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

[[Nadia District (1787–1947)|Pre-independence Nadia]] had five subdivisions: Krishnagar sadar, Ranaghat, [[Kushtia District|Kushtia]], [[Meherpur District|Meherpur]] and [[Chuadanga District|Chuadanga]]. Large part of Nadia except Nabadwip initially were included into [[East Bengal]] (now [[Bangladesh]]) due to it being a Muslim majority district in the 1941 census of [[British India]]. Because of heavy protests, rectification was made and on the night of August 17, 1947, Ranaghat, Krishnanagar, Shikarpur in Karimpur and Plassey were placed in India. Since then some parts of this district have been celebrating Independence day on August 17 and August 18.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/figure/District-level-map-of-Bengal-indicating-the-Radcliffe-line-thick-black-line-and-the_fig1_309516916/amp|title=District-level map of Bengal indicating the Radcliffe line and the expected border according to majority religious demographics}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|agency=TNN|date=Aug 19, 2011|title=Nadia keeps a date with history {{!}} Kolkata News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/nadia-keeps-a-date-with-history/articleshow/9654550.cms|access-date=2022-02-21|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-08-16|title=In West Bengal, some villages celebrate Independence Day after August 15; here's why|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/research/west-bengal-partition-india-independence-day-5908464/|access-date=2022-02-21|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>

Nadia district is also historically significant as the birthplace of [[Chaitanya Mahaprabhu]], a revered figure in [[Hinduism]]. He was born in [[Nabadwip]], a town in the Nadia district, on the full moon night of 18 February 1486. Known as Gauranga for his molten gold-like complexion, Chaitanya Mahaprabhu is considered an avatar of [[Lord Krishna]] by his followers. He founded Gaudiya Vaishnavism and popularized the chanting of the Hare Krishna Maha-mantra. His birthplace, known as Yogpeeth in Mayapur, is a major pilgrimage site for devotees.

==Governance==
[[File:Nadia Tehsil Map (en).svg|thumb|Administration of the district]]

===District administration===
The District of Nadia has its headquarter at Krishnanagar town. The British district of Nadia was formed in 1787. The present district of Nadia after partition was formed by Notification No.545-GA dated 23 February 1948. The District Administration is headed by the District Magistrate & District Collector, Nadia.

===Administrative subdivisions===
The district comprises four subdivisions: [[Krishnanagar Sadar subdivision|Krishnanagar Sadar]], [[Kalyani subdivision|Kalyani]], [[Ranaghat subdivision|Ranaghat]] and [[Tehatta subdivision|Tehatta]].<ref name="blocdir">{{cite web
|url = http://wbdemo5.nic.in/writereaddata/Directoryof_District_Block_GPs(RevisedMarch-2008).doc
|title = Directory of District, Sub division, Panchayat Samiti/ Block and Gram Panchayats in West Bengal, March 2008
|date = 19 March 2008
|access-date = 30 November 2008
|work = West Bengal
|publisher = National Informatics Centre, India
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090225032419/http://wbdemo5.nic.in/writereaddata/Directoryof_District_Block_GPs%28RevisedMarch-2008%29.doc
|archive-date = 25 February 2009
}}</ref> [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]] is the district headquarters. There are 19 police stations, 2 women's and 1 cyber crime police stations, 18 community development blocks, 11 municipalities, 187 [[gram panchayat]]s (3114 sets) and 2639 villages in this district.<ref name="blocdir" /><ref name="adminsetup">{{cite web
| url = http://www.nadia.nic.in/District_Profile/District_Profile-Details-page1/district_profile-details-page1.html
| title = District Profile
| publisher = Official website of the Nadia district
| access-date = 30 November 2008
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090117072804/http://nadia.nic.in/District_Profile/District_Profile-Details-page1/district_profile-details-page1.html
| archive-date = 17 January 2009
| url-status = dead
}}</ref>

Other than municipality area, each subdivision contains community development blocks which in turn are divided into rural areas and census towns. In total there are 26 urban units: 9 municipalities and 15 [[census town]]s and two [[notified area]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bankura.gov.in/Census/PCA/Table-1.xls |title=Population, Decadal Growth Rate, Density and General Sex Ratio by Residence and Sex, West Bengal/ District/ Sub District, 1991 and 2001 |access-date=12 November 2008 |work=West Bengal |publisher=Directorate of census operations }}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> [[Ranaghat]], [[Aistala]], [[Satigachha]], [[Nasra]] and [[Cooper's Camp]] together forms Ranaghat [[urban agglomeration]]. [[Nabadwip]], [[Char Maijdia]] and [[Char Brahmanagar]] forms Nabadwip UA. [[Chakdaha]], [[Gopalpur, West Bengal|Gopalpur]] and [[Parbbatipur]] forms Chakdaha UA. [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]] and [[Badkulla]] together forms Krishnanagar UA. [[Birnagar]], [[Phulia]] and [[Taherpur]] together forms Birnagar UA.
{| class="wikitable"
|+CD blocks and other localities in Nadia district
![[Krishnanagar Sadar subdivision|Krishnanagar Sadar]]
![[Kalyani subdivision|Kalyani]]
![[Ranaghat subdivision|Ranaghat]]
![[Tehatta subdivision|Tehatta]]
|-
|[[Kaliganj (community development block)|Kaliganj]]
|[[Chakdaha (community development block)|Chakdaha]]
|[[Hanskhali (community development block)|Hanskhali]]
|[[Karimpur I]]
|-
|[[Nakashipara (community development block)|Nakashipara]]
|Kalyani
|[[Santipur (community development block)|Santipur]]
|[[Karimpur II]]
|-
|[[Chapra, Nadia (community development block)|Chapra]]
|[[Haringhata (community development block)|Haringhata]]
|[[Ranaghat I]]
|[[Tehatta I]]
|-
|[[Krishnanagar I]]
|[[Chakdaha|Chakdaha (M)]]
|[[Ranaghat II]]
|[[Tehatta II]]
|-
|[[Krishnanagar II]]
|[[Kalyani, West Bengal|Kalyani (M)]]
|[[Shantipur|Shantipur (M)]]
|
|-
|[[Nabadwip (community development block)|Nabadwip]]
|[[Gayespur|Gayespur (M)]]
|[[Ranaghat|Ranaghat (M)]]
|
|-
|[[Krishnaganj (community development block)|Krishnaganj]]
|[[Haringhata|Haringhata (M)]]
|[[Birnagar|Birnagar (M)]]
|
|-
|[[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnangar (M)]]
|
|[[Taherpur|Taherpur (NA)]]
|
|-
|[[Nabadwip|Nabadwip (M)]]
|
|[[Cooper's Camp|Cooper's Camp (NA)]]
|
|}

===Assembly constituencies===
The district is divided into 17 assembly constituencies, which are part of four Lok Sabha constituencies.<ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=Delimitation Commission Order No. 18 |url=http://ceowestbengal.nic.in/news_pdf/gazette123.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813092204/http://ceowestbengal.nic.in/news_pdf/gazette123.pdf |archive-date=2011-08-13 |access-date=2009-08-29 |publisher=Government of West Bengal}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! S No. !! Constituency Name
!Lok Sabha Constituency
!MLA
! colspan="2" |Party
|-
| 77 || [[Karimpur Assembly constituency|Karimpur]]
|[[Murshidabad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Murshidabad]]
|[[Bimalendu Sinha Roy]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 78 || [[Tehatta Assembly constituency|Tehatta]]
| rowspan="6" |[[Krishnanagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Krishnanagar]]
|Subrata Kabiraj
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 79 || [[Palashipara Assembly constituency|Palashipara]]
|[[Rukbanur Rahman]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 80 || [[Kaliganj Assembly constituency|Kaliganj]]
|[[Alifa Ahmed]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 81 || [[Nakashipara Assembly constituency|Nakshipara]]
|Santanu De
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 82 || [[Chapra, West Bengal Assembly constituency|Chapra]]
|Jeber Sekh
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
| 83 || [[Krishnanagar Uttar Assembly constituency|Krishnanagar Uttar]]
|Tarak Nath Chatterjee
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 84 ||[[Nabadwip Assembly constituency|Nabadwip]]
|[[Ranaghat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ranaghat (SC)]]
|Srutisekhar Goswami
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 85 || [[Krishnanagar Dakshin Assembly constituency|Krishnanagar Dakshin]]
|[[Krishnanagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Krishnanagar]]
|Sadhan Ghosh
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 86 || [[Santipur Assembly constituency|Santipur]]
| rowspan="6"|[[Ranaghat (Lok Sabha constituency)|Ranaghat (SC)]]
|Swapan Kumar Das
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 87 || [[Ranaghat Uttar Paschim Assembly constituency|Ranaghat Uttar Paschim]]
|[[Parthasarathi Chatterjee]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 88 || [[Krishnaganj Assembly constituency|Krishnaganj (SC)]]
|Sukanta Biswas
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 89 || [[Ranaghat Uttar Purba Assembly constituency|Ranaghat Uttar Purba (SC)]]
|[[Ashim Biswas (politician)|Ashim Biswas]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 90 || [[Ranaghat Dakshin Assembly constituency|Ranaghat Dakshin (SC)]]
|Ashim Kumar Biswas
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 91 || [[Chakdaha Assembly constituency|Chakdaha]]
|[[Bankim Chandra Ghosh]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 92 || [[Kalyani Assembly constituency|Kalyani (SC)]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Bangaon (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bangaon (SC)]]
|[[Anupam Biswas]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
| 93 || [[Haringhata Assembly constituency|Haringhata (SC)]]
|[[Asim Kumar Sarkar]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|}

=== Lok Sabha Constituencies ===
The district encompasses four Lok Sabha constituencies completely or partially.<ref name=":1" />
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!S
No.
!Lok Sabha
Constituency
!Member of Parliament
!Party
|-
|11
|[[Murshidabad Lok Sabha constituency|Murshidabad]]
|[[Abu Taher Khan]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
|12
|[[Krishnanagar Lok Sabha constituency|Krishnanagar]]
|[[Mahua Moitra]]
|{{Full party name with color|All India Trinamool Congress}}
|-
|13
|[[Ranaghat Lok Sabha constituency|Ranaghat (SC)]]
|[[Jagannath Sarkar (BJP politician)|Jagannath Sarkar]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|-
|14
|[[Bangaon Lok Sabha constituency|Bangaon (SC)]]
|[[Shantanu Thakur]]
|{{Full party name with color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}
|}

==Demographics==
{{historical populations|11=1901|12=7,71,672|13=1911|14=7,74,459|15=1921|16=7,10,455|17=1931|18=7,20,944|19=1941|20=8,40,303|21=1951|22=11,42,686|23=1961|24=17,11,830|25=1971|26=22,23,911|27=1981|28=29,64,253|29=1991|30=38,52,097|31=2001|32=46,04,827|33=2011|34=51,67,600|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=center}}

According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Nadia district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 5,167,600,<ref name="districtcensus">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=District Census Handbook: Nadia |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1346/download/4398/DH_2011_1910_PART_A_DCHB_NADIA.pdf |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref> roughly equal to the US state of [[Colorado]].<ref>{{cite web |title=2010 Resident Population Data |url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |access-date=30 September 2011 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |quote=Colorado 5,029,196 |archive-date=27 December 2010 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20101227010452/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 18th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name="districtcensus" /> The district has a population density of {{convert|1316|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name="districtcensus" /> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 12.24%.<ref name="districtcensus" /> Nadia has a [[sex ratio]] of 947 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name="districtcensus" /> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 75.58%. 27.84% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 29.93% and 2.72% of the population respectively.<ref name="districtcensus" /> [[Bengali language|Bengali]] is the predominant language, spoken by 98.02% of the population.<ref name="language">{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10226/download/13338/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-1900.XLSX |website=[[Census of India]] |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

{{See also|List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate}}

{{bar box
|title=Religion in Nadia district (2011)<ref name="religion"/>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism in West Bengal|Hinduism]]|darkorange|72.15}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam in West Bengal|Islam]]|green|26.76}}
{{bar percent|[[Christianity in West Bengal|Christianity]]|dodgerblue|0.65}}
{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.44}}
}}

=== Religion ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+Religion in present-day Nadia district
! rowspan="2" |Religion
! colspan="2" |1941<ref name="1941religion">{{cite web |title=CENSUS OF INDIA, 1941 VOLUME VI BENGAL PROVINCE |url=https://dspace.gipe.ac.in/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10973/37365/GIPE-020591.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y |access-date=13 August 2022}}</ref>{{rp|75}}
! colspan="2" |1951<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/30075/download/33256/44366_1951_NAD.pdf |title=District Census Handbook: Nadia |publisher=Census of India |year=1961}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1961<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/28560/download/31742/22156_1961_NAD.pdf |title=District Census Handbook 1961: Nadia |publisher=Census of India |year=1967}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2001<ref>{{cite web |title=District Statistical Handbook 2014 Nadia |url=http://www.dospiwb.org.in/download.php?v=13 |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302072706/http://dospiwb.org.in/download.php?v=13 |archive-date=2 March 2017 |access-date=2 May 2017 |work=Table 17.1 |publisher=Department of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of West Bengal}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2011<ref name="religion" />
|-
!{{Abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!%
!{{Abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!%
!{{Abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!%
!{{Abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!%
!{{Abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!%
|-
|[[Islam]] [[File:Star_and_Crescent.svg|15x15px]]
| align="right" |430,704
|51.26%
| align="right" |256,017
|22.36%
| align="right" |417,706
|24.38%
| align="right" |1,170,282
|25.41%
| align="right" |1,382,682
|26.76%
|-
|[[Hinduism]] [[File:Om.svg|16x16px]]
| align="right" |392,225
|46.68%
| align="right" |881,955
|77.03%
| align="right" |1,284,173
|74.95%
| align="right" |3,396,095
|73.75%
| align="right" |3,728,482
|72.15%
|-
|Tribal religion
| align="right" |10,332
|1.23%
| align="right" |11
|~0%
|{{N/a}}
|{{N/a}}
|{{N/a}}
|{{N/a}}
|{{N/a}}
|{{N/a}}
|-
|[[Christianity in West Bengal|Christianity]] [[File:Christian_cross.svg|21x21px]]
| align="right" |6,632
|0.79%
| align="right" |5,885
|0.51%
| align="right" |10,840
|0.63%
| align="right" |29,563
|0.64%
| align="right" |33,835
|0.65%
|-
|Others{{efn|Including [[Jainism]], [[Christianity]], [[Buddhism]], [[Zoroastrianism]], [[Judaism]], [[Ad-Dharmi]]s, or not stated}}
| align="right" |410
|0.04%
| align="right" |1,056
|0.10%
| align="right" |605
|0.04%
| align="right" |8,887
|0.20%
| align="right" |22,601
|0.44%
|-
!Total Population
!840,303
!100%
!1,144,924
!100%
!1,713,324
!100%
!4,604,827
!100%
!5,167,600
!100%
|}
As per the 2011 Census, Hinduism is the majority religion of the district, followed by 73.15% of the population. Hinduism became majority in the district after Independence, when Nadia became the destination for millions of refugees from East Pakistan, and from Bangladesh after 1971.<ref name="religion">{{Cite web |date=2011 |title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: West Bengal |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11396/download/14509/DDW19C-01%20MDDS.XLS |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=[[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India]]}}</ref>

Over 90% of Muslims live in rural areas. Muslims are majority in Karimpur II (60.38%), Kaliganj (58.51%), Nakashipara (54.06%), and Chapra (59.72%) CD blocks. Muslims are a significant minority in Tehatta II (47.89%), Krishnanagar II (42.84%), and Nabadwip (35.20%).
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!CD Block
!Hindu %
!Muslim %
!Other %
|-
|[[Karimpur I]]
| style="background:darkorange" |67.77
|31.95
|0.28
|-
|[[Karimpur II]]
|39.52
| style="background:green;color:white" |60.38
|0.10
|-
|[[Tehatta I]]
| style="background:darkorange" |68.95
|29.21
|1.84
|-
|[[Tehatta II]]
| style="background:darkorange" |52.00
|47.89
|0.11
|-
|[[Kaliganj (community development block)|Kaliganj]]
|41.36
| style="background:green;color:white" |58.51
|0.13
|-
|[[Nakashipara (community development block)|Nakashipara]]
|46.53
| style="background:green;color:white" |53.06
|0.41
|-
|[[Chapra, Nadia (community development block)|Chapra]]
|37.15
| style="background:green;color:white" |59.72
|3.13
|-
|[[Krishnanagar I]]
| style="background:darkorange" |82.78
|15.25
|0.14
|-
|[[Krishnanagar II]]
| style="background:darkorange" |57.02
|42.84
|0.41
|-
|[[Nabadwip (community development block)|Nabadwip]]
| style="background:darkorange" |64.39
|35.20
|1.97
|-
|[[Krishnaganj (community development block)|Krishnaganj]]
| style="background:darkorange" |93.98
|5.86
|0.16
|-
|[[Hanskhali (community development block)|Hanskhali]]
| style="background:darkorange" |87.98
|11.39
|0.63
|-
|[[Santipur (community development block)|Santipur]]
| style="background:darkorange" |86.45
|11.85
|1.7
|-
|[[Ranaghat I]]
| style="background:darkorange" |93.82
|5.67
|0.51
|-
|[[Ranaghat II]]
| style="background:darkorange" |85.65
|12.59
|1.76
|-
|[[Chakdaha (community development block)|Chakdaha]]
| style="background:darkorange" |83.66
|14.65
|1.69
|-
|[[Haringhata (community development block)|Haringhata]]
| style="background:darkorange" |73.09
|26.19
|0.72
|-
|Area not under any sub-district
| style="background:darkorange" |93.32
|5.50
|1.18
|}

==Flora and fauna==
In 1980, Nadia district became home to the [[Bethuadahari Wildlife Sanctuary]], which has an area of {{convert|0.7|km2|mi2|abbr=on|1}}.<ref name=parks>{{cite web|author=Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment|title=Protected areas: West Bengal|url=http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm|access-date=25 September 2011|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823163836/http://oldwww.wii.gov.in/envis/envis_pa_network/index.htm|archive-date=23 August 2011}}</ref>

==Education==
===University===
* [[Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya]]
* [[Kalyani University]]
* [[Indian Institute of Information Technology Kalyani]]
* [[Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata]]
* [[Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology]]
* [[West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences]]
* [[All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani]]
* [[National Institute of Biomedical Genomics]]

===College===
* [[Tehatta Government College]], [[Tehatta]]
* Kaliganj Government College, [[Debagram]]
* [[Karimpur Pannadevi College]], [[Karimpur]]
* [[Srikrishna College]], [[Bagula]]
* [[Sudhiranjan Lahiri Mahavidyalaya]], [[Majhdia, Krishnaganj|Majhdia]]
* [[Santipur College]], [[Santipur]]
* [[Indian Institute of Handloom Technology]], Fulia
* [[Industrial Training Institute]], Fulia
* [[Ranaghat College]], Ranaghat
* Ranaghat Government Polytechnic, [[Ranaghat]]
* [[Nabadwip Vidyasagar College]], [[Nabadwip]]
* [[Krishnagar Government College]], [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]]
* [[Krishnagar Women's College]], Krishnanagar
* [[Haringhata Mahavidyalaya]], [[Haringhata]]
* [[Dwijendralal College]], Krishnanagar
* [[Dr. B.R. Ambedkar College]], [[Betai]]
* [[Chakdaha College]], Chakdaha
* [[Plassey College]], [[Plassey]]
* [[Pritilata Waddedar Mahavidyalaya]], [[Panikhali]]
* [[Bipradas Pal Chowdhury Institute of Technology]], Krishnanagar
* [[Mirmadan Mohanlal Government Polytechnic]], [[Plassey]]
* [[Asannagar Madan Mohan Tarkalankar College]], [[Asannagar]]
* [[Bethuadahari College]], [[Bethuadahri]]
* [[Chapra Bangaljhi Mahavidyalaya]], [[Chapra, Nadia|Chapra]]
* [[Chapra Government College]], Chapra
* [[Muragacha Government College]], [[Muragachha]]
* [[Kalyani Mahavidyalaya]], [[Kalyani, West Bengal|Kalyani]]
* [[Kalyani Government Engineering College]], Kalyani
* [[College of Medicine & JNM Hospital]], Kalyani

===Private college===
* [[JIS College of Engineering]], Kalyani
* [[Ideal Institute of Engineering]], Kalyani
* Krishnanagar Institute of Medical Science, [[Krishnanagar, Nadia|Krishnanagar]]

==Transport==

===Rail===
* [[Nabadwip Dham]] is 65 km from [[Bandel]], 105 km from [[Howrah]] and 112 km from [[Sealdah]] on the Bandel-[[Katwa]]-Azimganj (B.A.K Loop Line) section of [[Eastern Railway (India)|Eastern Railway]].<ref>Eastern Railway time table.</ref> It has three Railway Stations as [[Nabadwip Dham railway station]] (NDAE), Bishnupriya (VSPR) of Howrah Division and [[Nabadwip Ghat (NDF)]] of Sealdah Division.
* [[Krishnanagar City Junction railway station|Krishnanagar City Junction]] is 100 km from Sealdah on the Sealdah-Lalgola Section of Eastern Railway.
* [[Kalinarayanpur Junction railway station|Kalinarayanpur Junction]] is 78 km from Sealdah on the Sealdha-Lalgola section of Eastern Railway.
* [[Ranaghat Junction railway station|Ranaghat Junction]] is 74 km from Sealdah on the Sealdah-Lalgola Section of Eastern Railway.
* [[Kalyani railway station|Kalyani Junction]] is 48 km from Sealdah on the Sealdah-Lalgola Section of Eastern Railway.

==Notable people==
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Madanmohan Tarkalankar]], Bengali Renaissance, Poet
* [[Chaitanya Mahaprabhu]], Bengali Hindu mystic, saint, proponent of Bhakti yoga and Achintya Bheda Abheda philosophy
* [[Rani Rashmoni]], Zamindar and philanthropist
* [[Gagan Chandra Biswas]], Indian industrialist, engineer and Zamindar
* [[Satyendra Nath Bose]], Indian mathematician and physicist specializing in theoretical physics
* [[Sourindra Mohan Sircar]], Indian botanist, plant physiologist
* [[Jagadananda Roy]], Science fiction writer
* [[Suresh Biswas]], adventurer
* [[Sharat Kumar Roy]], Indian American geologist, first Indian to go in an expedition to North pole
* [[Basanta Kumar Biswas]], independence revolutionary and martyr
* [[Dwijendralal Ray]], poet, playwright and lyricist
* [[Krittibas Ojha]], medieval Bengali poet
* [[Soumitra Chatterjee]], actor, dramatist
* [[Joy Goswami]], poet and essayist
* [[Rakhee Gulzar]], actress.
* [[Jhulan Goswami]], cricketer
* [[Ramtanu Lahiri]], social reformer
* [[Prabhat Kumar Mukhopadhyaya]], a Bengali author best known for his biography of Rabindranath Tagore
* [[Anantahari Mitra]], Bengali revolutionary
* [[Haripada Chattopadhyay]], freedom fighter and Member of Parliament
* [[Bikash Roy]], Indian actor and filmmaker
* [[Subhash Mukhopadhyay (poet)|Subhash Mukhopadhyay]], poet
* [[Jagannath Majumdar]], independence revolutionary and politician
* [[Sudhir Chakraborty]], educator
* [[Jyotirmoyee Sikdar]], athlete
* [[Azizul Haque (educator)]], advocate, diplomat
* [[Soma Biswas]], athlete
* [[Ujjwal Maulik]], Professor and computer scientist
* [[Hemanta Kumar Sarkar]], philologist, author, leader of Freedom Movement
* Dr. [[Sudhir Chakraborty]], educationist and essayist
* [[Swadhin Kumar Mandal]], Indian Chemist and [[Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology]] awardee
* [[Mohammad Mozammel Huq]], poet, journalist
* [[Gopal Bhar]], courtier and jester
* [[Jatindramohan Bagchi]], poet, editor
* [[Narayan Sanyal]], writer and civil engineer
* [[Asim Duttaroy]], a [[Biomedical scientist|Medical Scientist]]
{{div col end}}

== See also ==

* [[Nadia District (1787-1947)]]
* [[Hooghly district|Hooghly]]
* [[Purba Bardhaman district|Purba Bardhaman]]
* [[North 24 Parganas district|North 24 Pargana]]

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*{{Official website|https://nadia.gov.in/}}
*{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Nadia|volume=19|pages=148–149}}

{{Towns in Nadia District}}
{{Districts of West Bengal}}
{{Minority Concentrated Districts in India}}
{{Nadia topics}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nadia District}}
[[Category:Nadia district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Minority concentrated districts in India]]

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Nadia district