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Bangladesh Muslim League

2022-08-01T12:12:31Z

162.158.227.192: /* References */

{{short description|Bangladeshi political party}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox political party
| name = Bangladesh Muslim League 
বাংলাদেশ মুসলিম লীগ
| logo = Flag of Muslim League.png
| colorcode = {{party color|Bangladesh Muslim League}}
| president = Begum Zubeda Kader
| general_secretary = Kazi Abul Khair
| foundation = 30 December 1906 in Shahbag, Dhaka (as [[All-India Muslim League]]) 
Re-organized in Bangladesh: 8 August 1976
| ideology = Muslim nationalism
| country = Bangladesh
| national = [[20 Party Alliance]]
| symbol = [[File:Hariken.png|125px]]
}}[[File:BML.jpg|thumb|A recent Working Committee meeting of Bangladesh Muslim League|319x319px]]
The '''Bangladesh Muslim League''' ({{lang-bn|বাংলাদেশ মুসলিম লীগ}}) is a political party in Bangladesh that traces its origins to the [[All-India Muslim League]], established in 1906.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SuttAAAAMAAJ&q=%22Bangladesh+Muslim+League%22|title=Bangladesh under Mujib, Zia, and Ershad: dilemma of a new nation|last=Chakravarti|first=S. R.|date=1995|publisher=Har-Anand Publications|pages=108|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1" />

The party was banned along with other Islamic parties after the [[Independence of Bangladesh]] in 1971. It was once again legalized in 1976 when [[Abdus Sabur Khan]] revived the Muslim League and was elected president of the party.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Khan,_Abdus_Sabur|title=Khan, Abdus Sabur |website=Banglapedia|language=en|access-date=2018-03-15}}</ref> A former leader of the party, [[Shah Azizur Rahman]] would become the [[Prime Minister of Bangladesh]] after joining the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://bdnews24.com/politics/2016/12/14/rehabilitators-of-bangladesh-war-criminals-will-be-tried-now-hasina-says|title=Rehabilitators of Bangladesh war criminals will be tried now, Hasina says|work=bdnews24.com|access-date=2018-02-15}}</ref>

== History ==
The Bangladesh Muslim League traces its origins to the [[All India Muslim League]] of the [[British Raj]] established in 1906 in Dhaka with goals to support the Crown and to protect the Muslims of India without opposing the other groups in India.{{citation needed|date=December 2019}}

After the Partition of India and the Independence of Pakistan in 1947, the All India Muslim League became the Pakistan Muslim League. The Pakistan Muslim League was voted into power in [[East Pakistan]]. In the 1955 elections in East Pakistan, the Muslim League lost control of the provincial legislature to the United Front. In the 1960s, the Muslim League split into two separate parties, [[Convention Muslim League]] and the [[Council Muslim League]].

In 1971, after the [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], East Pakistan became [[Bangladesh]] and banned all religion-based parties including [[Convention Muslim League]] and the [[Council Muslim League]].{{citation needed|date=December 2019}}

In 1976, the Political Parties Regulation Ordinance was passed which legalized both parties. Both parties then combined into one and formed the Bangladesh Muslim League on 8 August 1976.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/bdmuslimleague/about/?ref=page_internal|title=Bangladesh Muslim League (বাংলাদেশ মুসলিম লীগ)|website=www.facebook.com|language=en|access-date=2018-02-15}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bJfcCPUr0OoC&q=%22Bangladesh+Muslim+League%22&pg=PA43|title=Historical Dictionary of Bangladesh|last=Rahman|first=Syedur|date=2010-04-27|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=9780810874534|pages=42–43|language=en}}</ref>

In 1978, the Bangladesh Muslim League separated into two factions. [[Abdus Sabur Khan]] led the conservative faction of the party and [[Shah Azizur Rahman]] led the more liberal faction. Azizur Rahman joined the Bangladesh Nationalist Party soon after.<ref name=":0" /> The Bangladesh Muslim League, led by Abdus Sabur Khan won 20 seats in the 1979 parliamentary election.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bJfcCPUr0OoC&q=Sobur&pg=PA43|title=Historical Dictionary of Bangladesh|date=27 April 2010|website=www.observerbd.com|isbn=9780810874534|access-date=2018-02-15|last1=Rahman|first1=Syedur}}</ref>

After the death of Sabur Khan, the Bangladesh Muslim League divided into multiple factions.<ref name=":0" /> [[Kazi Abdul Kader]] later served as the president of the Bangladesh Muslim League. Two factions (the Bangladesh Muslim League and Bangladesh Muslim League - BML) still exist and are registered under the Bangladesh Election Commission.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |url=http://www.ecs.gov.bd/Bangla/RegisteredPoliticalPartyBng.php |script-title=bn:নিবন্ধিত রাজনৈতিক দলসমূহ |trans-title=Registered political parties |website=Bangladesh Election Commission |language=bn |access-date=2018-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180218091417/http://www.ecs.gov.bd/Bangla/RegisteredPoliticalPartyBng.php |archive-date=2018-02-18 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The Bangladesh Muslim League's current president is Adv. Badurddoza Ahmed Suza and the general secretary is Kazi Abul Khair.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" />

== References ==
<references />{{Political parties in Bangladesh}}

[[Category:Bangladesh Muslim League| ]]
[[Category:Muslim League]]
[[Category:National symbols of Pakistan]]
[[Category:East Pakistan]]
[[Category:Political parties in Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Politics of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:1976 establishments in Bangladesh]]

Swarnalatha

2022-05-28T08:48:28Z

162.158.227.192: Added content

{{short description|Indian singer}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}

{{Infobox musical artist 
|name = Swarnalatha
| background = solo_singer
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| alias = The queen of tones in india Humming Kokila Swarna Kuyil Isai Devathai
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1973|04|29|}}
| birth_place = [[Chittur]], [[Palakkad]], [[Kerala]], [[India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2010|09|12|1973|04|29|||}}
| death_place = [[Chennai]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]
| genre = [[Playback singer|Cinema Playback singing]], [[Carnatic music]], [[Hindustani Music]], [[Ghazal]]
| occupation = Singer
| instrument = vocals
| years_active = 1987–2010
}}

'''Swarnalatha''' (29 April 1973 – 12 September 2010) was an Indian playback singer. In a career spanning almost 22 years (from 1987 till her death), she recorded over 10,000 songs in many languages, including [[Tamil language|Tamil]], [[Malayalam]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], [[Kannada]], [[Hindi]], [[Urdu]], [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[Oriya language|Oriya]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], and [[Badaga language|Badaga]].<ref name="The Hindu">{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Chennai/article627430.ece| title=Playback singer Swarnalatha passes away| newspaper=The Hindu| date=12 September 2010| access-date=12 September 2010}}</ref> she is fondly called as the "queen of tones (swarangalin arasi)" in india and "humming kokila" of india.

She is won the [[National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer]] for her rendition of the song "Porale Ponnuthayi" from the film ''[[Karuththamma]]''. The song was composed by [[A. R. Rahman]], under whose musical direction she recorded many memorable songs. She was also the first female playback singer to get a National Award In AR Rahman Music.<ref name="asiantribune.com">[http://www.asiantribune.com/news/2010/09/14/national-award-winning-playback-singer-swarnalatha-passes-away National award winning playback singer Swarnalatha passes away], Asian Tribune, Tue, 14 September 2010 03:25</ref>

==Personal life==
She was born in Kerala, to K. C. Cherukutty and Kalyani. Her father was a harmonium player and singer. Her mother also had interest in music. Swarnalatha was trained to play harmonium and keyboard.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://popcorn.oneindia.in/artist-biography/3604/7/swarnalatha.html|title=Swarnalatha Biography|access-date=1 July 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120714022925/http://popcorn.oneindia.in/artist-biography/3604/7/swarnalatha.html|archive-date=14 July 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Swarnalatha's family later moved to [[Bhadravathi, Karnataka|Bhadravathi]] in [[Shivamogga]] District, [[Karnataka]] where she had her education.<ref name="career">{{cite web|url=http://www.manoramaonline.com/cgi-bin/MMOnline.dll/portal/ep/malayalamContentView.do?articleType=Malayalam%20Home&contentId=7886295&tabId=11&contentType=EDITORIAL&BV_ID=@@@|title=Home|access-date=1 July 2016}}</ref> She started singing at the age of 3. Surrounded by a family of musicians and music lovers, Swarnalatha was trained in Carnatic and Hindustani music. Her sister Saroja was her first music teacher.

==Career==
Swarnalatha's family moved to [[Chennai]] to seek opportunities in the film industry for her singing talent. The first opportunity came from [[M. S. Viswanathan]] in 1987, when she performed a duet with [[K. J. Yesudas]], "Chinnachiru Kiliye" in the film ''[[Neethikku Thandanai]]''.<ref name="career" /> Subsequently, she was approached by many other music directors to perform songs under their baton. She also had the opportunity to work with director [[P. Venu]]. She was recruited by musicians like [[Ilaiyaraaja]] and [[A. R. Rahman]]. She also recorded a few Hindi songs, the most notable one being "Hai Rama Yeh Kya Hua" from the film ''[[Rangeela (1995 film)|Rangeela]]'' with singer [[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]].

In Telugu, she recorded more songs under the music direction of [[Mani Sharma]], [[Ramana Gogula]], [[Raj-Koti]], and [[Vandemataram Srinivas]]. They include the immensely popular songs like Raamma Chilakamma, Osey Ramulamma, and Nizam Babulu.

A. R. Rahman employed Swarnalatha for many of his songs. She was one of the most versatile singers of her times, as she was able to sing melodies like "Maalayil Yaaro Manathodu Pesa" from ''[[Sathriyan]]''<ref name="asiantribune.com"/> or "Porale Ponnuthayi" from ''[[Karuthamma]]'' as well as Rahman's experimental songs like "[[Mukkabla]]" from ''[[Kadhalan]]'' or "Mottu Vittadha" from ''[[Pavithra]]''. Swarnalatha was the first female playback singer to fetch the National Award under [[A. R. Rahman]]'s music direction. She received the award for the song "Porale Ponnuthayi". She recorded many songs with music directors [[Deva (composer)|Deva]], [[Vidyasagar (music director)|Vidyasagar]], [[Harris Jayaraj]], [[Anu Malik]], [[Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy]], [[Raj-Koti]], [[Yuvan Shankar Raja]], [[Mani Sharma]], [[Hamsalekha]] and many others.

She recorded all the songs originally rendered by [[Lata Mangeshkar]] and [[Shamshad Begum]] for the Tamil movie ''Anarkali'' (the dubbed version of the Hindi movie ''[[Mughal-e-Azam]]'') and was praised by the Bollywood music director [[Naushad Ali]], which she considered the best moment in her career.<ref>{{Citation|title=Singer swarnalatha captain TV marakka mudiyuma show|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=501BNdE3Dvo|language=en|access-date=2021-05-11}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=ஸ்வர்ணலதாவிற்கு கண்ணீர் அஞ்சலி|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zqxv1hU5ZL8|language=en|access-date=2021-05-11}}</ref>

'''Television'''

She was part of Few Music Reality shows in early 2000's. In a 2001 Vijay TV reality show and in 2004 Jaya TV Ragamalika show as judge.<ref>{{Citation|title=இசை பொக்கிஷம் கலைமாமணி இசைப்பேரரசி ஸ்வர்ணலதாவின் அபூர்வராகங்கள் #Swarnalathaofficial|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rUrirxRd4O0|language=en|access-date=2021-05-11}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=JayaTV Rewind: ஸ்வர்ணலதா கலந்துகொண்ட ராகமாலிகா {{!}}{{!}} Swarnalatha {{!}} Ragamalika|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6YL6fKRJtbQ|language=en|access-date=2021-05-11}}</ref>

==Death==
Swarnalatha died at Malar hospitals Ltd Adayar, Chennai at the age of 37, on 12 September 2010. She had been suffering from [[Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis|Idiopathic lung disease]].

==Awards and recognitions==
{| class="infobox" style="width: 25em; text-align: center; font-size: 70%; vertical-align: middle;"
|+ '''Awards'''
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" |
|- style="background:#d9e8ff; text-align:center;"
!style="vertical-align: middle;"| Awards
| style="background:#cec; font-size:8pt; width:60px;"| Wins
|- style="background:#eef;"
| style="text-align:center;"|
;[[National Film Awards]]:
|{{won|1}}
|- style="background:#eef;"
| style="text-align:center;"|
;[[Nandi Award for Best Female Playback Singer|Andhra Pradesh State Film Awards]]:
|{{won|2}}
|- style="background:#eef;"
| style="text-align:center;"|
;[[Tamil Nadu State Film Awards]]:
|{{won|3}}
|- style="background:#eef;"
| style="text-align:center;"|
;[[Cinema Express]]:
|{{won|5}}
|- style="background:#eef;"
| style="text-align:center;" |
;[[Kalaimamani]]:
|{{won|1}}
|- style="background:#eef;"
| style="text-align:center;" |
;Total
|{{won|12}}
|}


'''[[National Film Awards|National Award]]''' ('''[[National Film Awards|Silver Lotus Award]]''')-('''[[National Film Awards|Rajat Kamal]]''')
* [[42nd National Film Awards|1994]]– [[National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer]] for "Porale Ponnuthayi" from ''[[Karuththamma]]''<ref name="award">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/cp/2009/05/08/stories/2009050850351600.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090510085158/http://www.hindu.com/cp/2009/05/08/stories/2009050850351600.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 May 2009|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|title=My first break – Swarnalatha|date=8 May 2009}}</ref>

'''[[Tamil Nadu State Film Awards]]'''
* 1991 – [[Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Female Playback]] for "Povomma Oorkolam" from ''[[Chinna Thambi]]''<ref name="award"/>
* 1994 – Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Female Playback for "Porale Ponnuthayi" from ''[[Karuththamma]]''<ref name="award"/>
* 2000 – Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Female Playback for "Evano oruvan" from ''[[Alaipayuthey (film)|Alaipayuthey]]''<ref name="award"/>

'''[[Cinema Express Awards]]'''
* 1991 – Best Female Playback Singer for "Povomma Oorkolam" from ''[[Chinna Thambi]]''<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=VZBlAAAAIBAJ&pg=1432,722114&dq=cinema+express&hl=en |title=Chinna Thambhi Bags Cinema Express Award |newspaper=[[The Indian Express]] |date=25 February 1992 |access-date=4 October 2013}}</ref>
* 1995 – Best Female Playback Singer for "Muquala Muqapala" from ''[[Kadhalan]]''
* 1996 – Best Female Playback Singer for "Akkadannu nanga" from ''[[Indian (1996 film)|Indian]]''
* 1999 – Best Female Playback Singer for "Ulunthu vidaikayile" from ''[[Mudhalvan]]''
* 2000 – Best Female Playback Singer for "Yevano Oruvan " from ''[[Alaipayuthey]]''
'''Government Honour'''
* 1994– [[Kalaimamani]] Award by the Government of [[Tamil Nadu]]

'''Recognition'''
* 2002 – The song "Rakkama Kaiya Thattu" from the movie ''[[Thalapathi]]'' (1991) was among the songs listed in a BBC World Top Ten music poll. It was performed by [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam|S. P. Balasubrahmaniyam]] and Swarnalatha<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/us/features/topten BBC World Service 70th Anniversary Global Music Poll: The World's Top Ten.] 2002. Retrieved 5 February 2011.</ref>

==Frequent collaboration==
;Ilaiyaraja
She has sung over 300 songs for [[Ilayaraja]] and marked as one of the noted combinations in 90's. 'Povomaa Oorkolam' and 'Nee Yengae Enn Anbae' from the film Chinnathambi were hits. Government of Tamil Nadu honoured her with the award of Best Singer for the song 'Povomaa Oorkolam'.

The song 'Raakkamma Kayyathattu' from the film ''Thalapathi'' figured in BBC's ''Hits List of World Songs''.

She had sung several experimental songs for Ilayaraja such as "Sollividu VelliNilave', "Kanne Indru Kalyana Kathai" and "Ennai Thottu Allikonda".

;A. R. Rahman
[[A. R. Rahman]] and Swarnalatha association started from the year 1993. Their Combination is known for the magical songs such as "Mukkala Mukkabala", "Hai Rama yeh kya hua", which are the hit songs of 90's. She was the first female singer to receive National Award under Rahman's Music for the song "Porale ponnuthayi" from karuthama released in the year 1994. She has sung nearly 80 songs for [[A. R. Rahman|Rahman]].

== Discography ==
{{Main|List of songs recorded by Swarnalatha}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb name|id=0841913|name=Swarnalatha}}

{{National Film Award Best Female Playback Singer}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1973 births]]
[[Category:2010 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian female film singers]]
[[Category:Tamil singers]]
[[Category:Malayalam playback singers]]
[[Category:Infectious disease deaths in India]]
[[Category:Tamil Nadu State Film Awards winners]]
[[Category:Filmfare Awards South winners]]
[[Category:Tamil playback singers]]
[[Category:Kannada playback singers]]
[[Category:Telugu playback singers]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Kalaimamani Award]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian singers]]
[[Category:People from Palakkad district]]
[[Category:Singers from Kerala]]
[[Category:Film musicians from Kerala]]
[[Category:Women musicians from Kerala]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian women singers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women singers]]
[[Category:21st-century Indian singers]]
[[Category:Best Female Playback Singer National Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Deaths from pulmonary fibrosis]]