P. J. Marshall

2021-08-04T00:28:14Z

156.57.13.133:

{{EngvarB|date=October 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}
{{Infobox academic
| name =Peter Marshall
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|CBE|FRHistS|FBA|size=100%}}
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date ={{birth year and age|1933}}
| birth_place =[[Calcutta]], [[Bengal]]
| discipline =History
| alma_mater ={{Plainlist|
*[[Wellington College, Berkshire]]
*[[Wadham College, Oxford]]
}}
| notable_students =
}}

'''Peter James Marshall''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|CBE|FRHistS|FBA}} (born 1933 in [[Kolkata|Calcutta]]) is a British historian known for his work on the [[British Empire]], particularly the activities of [[British East India Company]] servants in 18th-century Bengal,<ref>{{cite book |title=East Indian Fortunes: The British in Bengal in the Eighteenth Century |first=P. J. |last=Marshall |year=1976 |location=Oxford, UK |publisher=[[Clarendon Press]] |isbn=978-0-19821-566-0}}</ref> and also the history of British involvement in North America during the same period.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Making and Unmaking of Empires: Britain, India and America c. 1750–1783 |first=P. J. |last=Marshall |year=2005 |location=Oxford, UK |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-19927-895-4}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
He was educated at [[Wellington College, Berkshire]], and, following national service with the 7th (Kenya) Battalion, [[King's African Rifles]], he took a first class honours degree in history at [[Wadham College, Oxford]], from where he received a D.Phil. in 1962.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sas.ac.uk/543.html |title=Marshall, Prof. Peter James |website=[[School of Advanced Study]], [[University of London]] |access-date=3 July 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090821085346/http://www.sas.ac.uk/543.html |archive-date=21 August 2009}}</ref>

==Academic career and professional activities==
Between 1959 and 1993, he taught in the history department at [[King's College London]]. He was appointed [[Rhodes Professor of Imperial History]] in 1980, in which post he remained until his retirement.

Between 1965 and 1978, he served as a Member of the Editorial Committee for ''The Correspondence of Edmund Burke'', and between 1975 and 1981 he was Editor of ''[[The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/03086534.asp |title=The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History |website=Taylor & Francis Group |access-date=4 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100301222343/http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/03086534.asp |archive-date=1 March 2010}}</ref> He sat on the History Working Group for National Curriculum in England in 1989 and 1990. In 1987 he was appointed Vice-President of the [[Royal Historical Society]], serving as President between 1997 and 2001. He has been a notable benefactor to the Society.

He is an Emeritus [[Rhodes Professor of Imperial History]] at [[King's College London]], where he continues to lecture.

==British in India==
Marshall presents a revisionist interpretation, rejecting the view that the prosperity of Mughal Bengal gave way to poverty and anarchy in the colonial period. He instead argues that the British takeover did not mark any sharp break with the past. After 1765, British control was delegated largely through regional rulers and was sustained by a generally prosperous economy for the rest of the 18th century. Marshall also notes that the British raised revenue through local tax administrators and kept the old Mughal rates of taxation. His interpretation of colonial Bengal, at least until c. 1820, is one in which the British were not in full control, but instead were actors in what was primarily an Indian play, and in which their ability to keep power depended upon excellent co-operation with Indian elites. Marshall admits that much of his interpretation is still contested by many historians.<ref>{{cite book |chapter=The British in Asia: Trade to Dominion, 1700–1765 |first=P. J. |last=Marshall |title=[[The Oxford History of the British Empire]]: Vol. 2, The Eighteenth Century |editor-first=P. J. |editor-last=Marshall |year=1998 |location=Oxford, UK |publisher=Oxford University Press |pages=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordhistoryofb00loui/page/487 487–507] |isbn=978-0-19820-562-3 }}</ref>

==Selected publications==
*''The Impeachment of Warren Hastings'', (Oxford, 1965)
*''The Correspondence of Edmund Burke'', vol. V, (Cambridge, 1965) (Assistant Editor)
*''The Correspondence of Edmund Burke'', vol. VII, (Cambridge, 1968) (Assistant Editor)
*''East Indian Fortunes: The British in Bengal in the Eighteenth Century'', (Oxford, 1976)
*''The Correspondence of Edmund Burke, vol. X'', (Cambridge, 1978) (Assistant Editor)
*''The Great Map of Mankind: British Perceptions of the World in the Age of Enlightenment'', (London, 1982) (Co-editor with G. Williams)
*''[[The New Cambridge History of India]]'', II, 2, ''Bengal: the British Bridgehead: Eastern India, 1740 – 1828'', (Cambridge, 1988)
*''[[The Oxford History of the British Empire]]'', vol. II, ''The Eighteenth Century'', (Oxford, 1998) (Contributor & Editor)<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IRB52ijcgMMC&q=%22Peter+James+Marshall%22 |title=Historiography |date=14 May 2004 |isbn=9780199246809 |access-date=4 March 2015|last1=Louis |first1=William Roger |last2=Low |first2=Alaine M. |last3=Winks |first3=Robin W. |last4=Marshall |first4=Peter James }}</ref>
*''A Free Though Conquering People': Eighteenth-century Britain and its Empire'', (Aldershot, 2003)
*''The Making and Unmaking of Empires: Britain, India and America c. 1750 – 1783'', (Oxford, 2005)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.us.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/HistoryWorld/British/18thC/?view=usa&ci=9780199278954&view=usa |title=Catalogue: The 18th Century |website=Oxford University Press |access-date=3 July 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111107133935/http://www.us.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/HistoryWorld/British/18thC/?view=usa |archive-date=7 November 2011}}</ref>

==Awards==
*Doctor of Literature ''honoris causa'' by the [[School of Advanced Study]] at the University of London, December 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sas.ac.uk/honorarydegrees.html |title=Honorary degrees |website=School of Advanced Study, University of London |date=15 December 2012 |access-date=4 March 2015}}</ref>
*[[Commander of the Order of the British Empire]]
*[[Fellow of the British Academy]]

==Legacy==
A Junior Research Fellowship bearing his name, and jointly administered by the Royal Historical Society and the [[Institute of Historical Research]] at the University of London, where he is an honorary Fellow,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.ac.uk/fellowships/current/honorary-fellows |title=Honorary fellows |website=Institute of Historical Research |access-date=15 December 2017}}</ref> is awarded annually to a doctoral student in history.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.ac.uk/awards/ |title=Awards |website=Institute of Historical Research |access-date=3 July 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930073936/http://www.history.ac.uk/awards/ |archive-date=30 September 2007}}</ref>

==Bibliography==
*Marshall, P. J., ''East Indian Fortunes: The British in Bengal in the Eighteenth Century'', (Oxford, 1976), pp. 284
*Marshall, P. J.,''The Making and Unmaking of Empires: Britain, India and America c. 1750 – 1783'', (Oxford, 2005), pp. 398

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web |url=http://www.bristol.ac.uk/graduation/honorary-degrees/hondeg08/marshall.html |title=Professor Peter James Marshall CBE, FBA |website=University of Bristol |date=18 July 2008}}
* {{cite web |url=https://www.kcl.ac.uk/artshums/depts/history/people/staff/emeritus/marshall.aspx |title=Professor Peter James Marshall |website=King's College London}}
* {{cite web |url=https://www.goodreads.com/author/list/6859411.Peter_James_Marshall |title=Books by Peter James Marshall |website=Goodreads}}

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{{s-aca}}
{{succession box |
before=[[Rees Davies]]|
title=[[Royal Historical Society|President of the Royal Historical Society]] |
years=1997–2001|
after=[[Janet Nelson]]
}}
{{end}}

{{Presidents of the Royal Historical Society}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Marshall, P. J.,}}
[[Category:1933 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Alumni of Wadham College, Oxford]]
[[Category:Academics of King's College London]]
[[Category:British historians]]
[[Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[Category:Fellows of the British Academy]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Historical Society]]
[[Category:Historians of South Asia]]
[[Category:People educated at Wellington College, Berkshire]]
[[Category:Writers from Kolkata]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Royal Historical Society]]
[[Category:Fellows of King's College London]]

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P. J. Marshall