Kandi, Murshidabad

2026-02-27T09:34:41Z

14.203.133.254:

{{Other uses|Kandi (disambiguation){{!}}Kandi}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Kandi
| other_name =
| nickname = Rice Store of Murshidabad
| settlement_type = Town
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 6
| mapframe-point = none
| pushpin_map = India West Bengal#India3
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in West Bengal, India
| coordinates = {{coord|23.95|N|88.03|E|display=inline,title}}<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Maps, Weather, and Airports for Kandi, India |url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/28/Kandi.html |access-date=2024-01-19 |website=www.fallingrain.com}}</ref>
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flagu|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Murshidabad district|Murshidabad]]
| established_title = 
| established_date = 1869
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = [[Municipality]]
| governing_body = Kandi Municipality
| leader_title1 = [[Chairman]]
| leader_name1 = [[Joydev Ghatak]] —[[Trinamool Congress|TMC]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name='Kandi City'>{{cite web|title=Kandi City|url=http://kandimunicipality1869.com/demography/|access-date=25 November 2020|archive-date=18 May 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518102951/http://kandimunicipality1869.com/demography/}}</ref>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 12.97
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name=":0" />
| elevation_m = 25
| population_total = 55632
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name='Kandi City'/>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = Postal Code 
| postal_code = 742137, 742138, 742139, 742140
| registration_plate = WB99
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Baharampur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Baharampore]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Kandi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Kandi]]
| footnotes =
}}

'''Kandi''' is a sub-divisional town and municipality in [[Murshidabad district]] in [[West Bengal]], India. It is the headquarters of the [[Kandi subdivision]] and is located on the east bank of [[Mayurakshi River|Kana Mayurakshi River]]. The town is known for being one of the oldest municipal bodies in India, having acquired municipality status in 1869.{{Citation needed|date=January 2024}} The area is also known as the 'rice store' of Murshidabad district, owing to its large production of rice.{{Citation needed|date=January 2024}}

== Geography ==
{{OSM Location map
| width=450| height=400| zoom=10
| coord={{coord|23|57|0|N|88|13|0|E}}| float=left|caption='''Cities, towns and locations in the Berhampore and Kandi subdivisions, Murshidabad district''' M: municipal town, CT: census town, R: rural/ urban centre, H: historical centres Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly
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|mark-coord2={{coord|24|5|40|N|88|17|11|E}} | label-pos2=right|label2= Banjetia| numbered2=CT| mark-title2=[[Banjetia]] (CT)
|mark-coord3={{coord|23|56|19|N|88|14|1|E}} | label-pos3=top|label3= Barua| numbered3=CT| mark-title3=[[Barua, Murshidabad]] (CT)
|mark-coord4={{coord|24|4|8|N|88|15|46|E}} | label-pos4=right|label4= Chaltia| numbered4=CT| mark-title4=[[Chaltia]] (CT)
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|mark-coord6={{coord|24|6|58|N|88|14|32|E}} | label-pos6=left|label6= Goaljan| numbered6=CT| mark-title6=[[Goaljan]] (CT)
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|mark-coord8={{coord|24|5|14|N|88|14|56|E}} | label-pos8=left|label8= Gora Bazar| numbered8=CT| mark-title8=[[Gora Bazar]] (CT)
|mark-coord9={{coord|24|3|45|N|88|14|19|E}} | label-pos9=left|label9= Haridasmati| numbered9=CT| mark-title9=[[Haridasmati]] (CT)
|mark-coord10={{coord|24|4|55|N|88|16|38|E}} | label-pos10=right|label10= Sibdanga Badarpur| numbered10=CT| mark-title10=[[Sibdanga Badarpur]] (CT)
|mark-coord11={{coord|23|46|49|N|88|6|9|E}} | label-pos11=right|label11= Salar| numbered11=CT| mark-title11=[[Salar, Murshidabad]] (CT)
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|mark-coord15={{coord|24|1|49|N|88|11|27|E}} | label-pos15=right|label15=Karnasuvarna| numbered15=H| mark-title15= [[Karnasuvarna]] (H)|mark-coord16={{coord|23|55|55|N|88|26|51|E}} | label-pos16=top|label16= Amtala | numbered16=R| mark-title16= [[Amtala, Murshidabad]] (R) |shape-color16=#C40000
|mark-coord17={{coord|24|8|40|N|88|22|50|E}} | label-pos17=right|label17= Daulatabad | numbered17=R| mark-title17= [[Daulatabad, Murshidabad]] (R) |shape-color17=#C40000
|mark-coord18={{coord|24|3|10|N|88|25|7|E}} | label-pos18=right|label18= Hariharpara | numbered18=R| mark-title18= [[Hariharpara]] (R) |shape-color18=#C40000
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|mark-coord21={{coord|23|55|24|N|88|13|45|E}} | label-pos21=left|label21= Sarulia | numbered21=R| mark-title21= [[Sarulia]] (R) |shape-color21=#C40000
|mark-coord22={{coord|23|51|50|N|88|11|55|E}} | label-pos22=left|label22= Shaktipur | numbered22=R| mark-title22= [[Shaktipur]] (R) |shape-color22=#C40000
|mark-coord23={{coord|23|55|17|N|88|25|55|E}} | label-pos23=left|label23= Surangapur | numbered23=R| mark-title23= [[Surangapur]] (R) |shape-color23=#C40000
|mark-coord24={{coord|23|53|17|N|88|4|59|E}} | label-pos24=right|label24= Bharatpur | numbered24=R| mark-title24= [[Bharatpur, Murshidabad]] (R) |shape-color24=#C40000
|mark-coord25={{coord|23|56|16|N|87|56|5|E}} | label-pos25=right|label25= Burwan | numbered25=R| mark-title25= [[Burwan]] (R) |shape-color25=#C40000
|mark-coord26={{coord|24|3|14|N|88|7|3|E}} | label-pos26=left|label26= Gokarna | numbered26=R| mark-title26= [[Gokarna, West Bengal]] (R) |shape-color26=#C40000
|mark-coord27={{coord|23|54|32|N|87|57|35|E}} | label-pos27=right|label27= Gram Salkia | numbered27=R| mark-title27= [[Gram Salkia]] (R) |shape-color27=#C40000
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|mark-coord33={{coord|24|9|0|N|88|4|0|E}} | label33= Dwaraka |labela33= River| label-color33 = #77A1CB| label-angle33= 60| label-pos33=right| label-size33=10| mark-size33=0| mark-title33 =none
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{{Clear|left}}

=== Location ===
The above map covers the Kandi and [[Berhampore subdivision|Berhampore]] subdivisions, which are spread across both the natural physiographic regions of the district: [[Rarh region|Rarh]] and Bagri.<ref>{{cite web |title=District Census Handbook: Murshidabad, Series 20 Part XII A |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf |access-date=24 July 2017 |work=Physiography, Page 13 |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Murshidabad |url=http://murshidabad.gov.in/About.aspx#2 |access-date=24 July 2017 |work=Geography |publisher=Murshidabad district authorities}}</ref> Kandi is {{Convert|30|km|mi|abbr=on}} away from [[Berhampore]], the district headquarters of Murshidabad, and approximately {{Convert|195|km|mi|abbr=on}} from [[Kolkata]], the capital of West Bengal. It is near two other districts: [[Bardhaman district|Burdwan]] (32 km) [[Nadia district|Nadia]] (30km) and [[Birbhum district|Birbhum]] (21 km). According to the ''District Census Handbook, Murshidabad'' (2011), Kandi covers an area of 12.97 km2.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=District Census Handbook Murshidabad, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A |url=https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf |access-date=26 June 2021 |work=Section II Town Directory, Pages 981-987: Statement I: Growth History, Pages 990-993: Statement III: Civic & Other Amenities, Pages 993-995: Statement IV: Medical Facilities 2009, Pages 995-1001 Section V: Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities; Pages 1 001- 1002: Statement VI: Industry & Banking |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal}}</ref>

The ruins of [[Karnasubarna]], the capital of [[Shashanka]], the first important king of ancient [[Bengal]] who ruled in the 7th century, is located {{convert|9.6|km}} south-west of Berhampore.<ref>Ray, Nihar Ranjan, ''Bangalir Itihas Adi Parba'', {{in lang|bn}}, 1980 edition, pp. 160-161, Paschim Banga Niraksharata Durikaran Samiti</ref><ref>Sengupta, Nitish, ''History of the Bengali-speaking People'', p.25, UBS Publishers' Distributors Pvt. Ltd.</ref><ref>Majumdar, Dr. R.C., ''History of Ancient Bengal'', first published 1971, reprint 2005, pp. 5-6, Tulshi Prakashani, Kolkata, {{ISBN|81-89118-01-3}}.</ref> The entire area is overwhelmingly rural, with over 80% of the population living in the rural areas.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_6MURSHIDABAD.pdf |title = District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, Series 20, Part XII B| work= District Primary Census Abstract page 26|publisher= Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal | access-date = 2 July 2021}}</ref>

Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivisions. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

=== Geography ===
Kandi is located in the [[Mayurakshi River]] basin. The area is drained by three main river systems: the Mayurakshi–Bele, the Brahmani–Dwarka, and the Bakreshwar–Kopai–Kuye. All the three systems combine into one and finally flow into the [[Bhagirathi River]] through the Babla–Uttarasan system. These river systems carry huge discharges during monsoon season, causing wide-spread flooding and drainage congestion in Kandi and adjoining areas, as most of the decades-old embankments are in dilapidated conditions. During floods, the area can be totally cut off from other parts of the district for days, making the transport of relief materials and rapid evacuation challenging. In 2015, the average annual damage caused by these problems is {{INRConvert|97.55|c|lk=on|year=2015}}.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kandi Master Plan (A comprehensive flood management scheme for Murshidabad and Birbhum) |url=https://wbiwd.gov.in/index.php/applications/kandi}}</ref>

== Demographics ==
According to the [[2011 census of India]], Kandi had a total population of 55,632, of which 28,442 (51%) were males and 27,190 (49%) were females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 5,889. The total number of literate persons in Kandi was 40,816 (82.05% of the population over 6 years).<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/19/1907_PART_A_DCHB_MURSHIDABAD.pdf |title = District Census Handbook, Murshidabad, Series 20, Part XII B| work= Rural PCA-C.D. blocks wise Village Primary Census Abstract, location no. 801661, page 44-45|publisher= Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal | access-date = 5 July 2021}}</ref>

As of the [[2001 census of India]], Kandi had a population of 50,345. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Kandi has an average literacy rate of 65%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 70%, and female literacy is 60%. In Kandi, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref>

==Economy==
{{Multiple issues|
{{Prose|date=January 2024|section}}
{{Excessive detail|section|date=January 2024}}
}}
Economically, the area produces handloom textiles, tobacco, bell metal products.<ref name=":0" /> It has branch offices of 7 nationalised banks, 3 private commercial bank, 1 cooperative bank, 2 agricultural credit societies, and 45 non-agricultural credit societies.<ref name=":0" /> Among medical facilities, it has 2 hospitals with 200 beds (the governmental Kandi Subdivision Hospital is in the center of the town), one [[tuberculosis]] clinic, one non-government nursing home, and one veterinary hospital.<ref name=":0" />

===Banking and financial services===
*State Bank of India, Main Branch
*State Bank of India, Bus Stand Branch
*State Bank of India, C.C. Rasorah
*Punjab National Bank
*INDIAN Bank, Main Road - Beside of LICI Building
*Bank of Baroda, Khorsa-High Road
*Bank of India, Petrol Pump-High Road
*Bangiya Gramin Vikash Bank, Zemo Branch -School Road
*Oriental Bank of Commerce, Hospital Road
*IDBI Bank, Hospital Road
*HDFC BANK LTD, Hospital Road
*ICICI BANK LTD, BUS STAND
*Canara Bank, School Road
*Kandi Co-Operative Credit Society, Girls School More
* Life Insurance Corporation Of India, Main Road Branch
*Axis Bank, Girls School More
*Bandhan Bank Near Police Station
*The New India Assurance Company Limited, Petrol Pump-High Road
*K.D.C.M.P.U. Ltd ([[Amul]])

===Tourism and festivals===
Some popular tourist spots and festivals of Kandi include:
* Netaji Shubash Park
* Narayandhar Park
* [[Radhaballav Mandir|Radhaballav Mandir,Kandi]]
* Kandi Rajbari
* Shyamsagar Par
* Radhasagar Par
* Jemo Rajbati
* Dakhina [[Kali]] Mandir
* Gopal Tungi Mandir
* Panchamukhi Shib Mandir
* Bagdanga Rudradev Mandir
* [[Kali Puja|Kali puja]] of Eroali
* Kali puja of Gokarna
* Sarbamangala Temple of Jajan

== Transport==

===Roadways===

Kandi Town is the gateway of Murshidabad district, as 10 districts of South Bengal are directly connected to it. Kandi is well connected by road to places like Berhampur, Suri, Bolpur, Tarapith, Rampurhat, Burdwan, Katwa, and Asansol. The SH-11 passes through Kandi.

Public transport systems in Kandi Town include government and private buses, [[electric rickshaw]]s, [[taxi]]s, and [[auto rickshaw]]s.{{citations needed|date= October 2025}}

==Railways ==
There is no railway station in Kandi. The nearest ones are:

* {{stnlnk|Salar}} on the [[Barharwa–Azimganj–Katwa loop]] line (25 km away)
* [[Chowrigacha railway station|Chowrigacha]] on the [[Barharwa–Azimganj–Katwa loop]] line (15 KM)
* [[Khagraghat Road railway station|Khagraghat Road (KGLE) railway station]] on the [[Barharwa–Azimganj–Katwa loop]] line (28 km away)
* Berhampur on the [[Sealdah–Lalgola line]] (34 km away)
* {{stnlnk|Sainthia Junction}} on the [[Sahibganj loop]] line (39 km away)
* {{stnlnk|Kurmodanga}} (Futisanko) on the [[Ahmadpur–Katwa line]] (34 km away)

==Education==
Among educational facilities, the Kandi area has 30 primary schools, 1 middle school, 4 secondary schools, 4 senior secondary schools, and 2 general degree colleges. It has 19 non-formal education centre (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan) and one specialised school for the disabled.<ref name=":0" />

===Colleges===

[[Kandi Raj College]] was established in 1950 by the Kandi Raj family of Kandi. Affiliated to the [[University of Kalyani]], it has the following departments: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Computer Science, Bengali, English, Sanskrit, History, Geography, Political science, Philosophy and Economics.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://kandirajcollege.com/ | title = Kandi Raj College | publisher = KRC |access-date = 12 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.collegeadmission.in/KandiRajCollege/Kandi_Raj_College.shtml | title = Kandi Raj College | publisher = College Admission |access-date = 12 September 2017}}</ref>

[[Raja Birendra Chandra College]] was established in 1965 at Kandi. It was earlier known as Kandi Raj College of Commerce. Affiliated to the [[University of Kalyani]], it offers honours courses in Bengali, English, Sanskrit, history, geography and BCom.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.rbcckandi.in/ | title = Raja Birendra Chandra College | publisher = RBCC Kandi |access-date = 12 September 2017}}</ref>

[[Bimal Chandra College of Law]] was established at Kandi in 2002 with the untiring efforts of [[Atish Chandra Sinha]], a doyen of the Kandi Raj family. It is affiliated with the [[University of Kalyani]] and approved by the [[Bar Council of India]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://bcckandi.org/ | title = Bimal Chandra College of Law | publisher = BCCL |access-date = 12 September 2017}}</ref>

===Schools===
*Kandi Raj High School
*Kandi Raja Manindra Chandra Girls' High School
*Jemo N.N High School
*Sri Bishnu High School
*Bahara Adarsha Vidyapith
*Bahara Girls School
*Bagdanga R.S.S Vidyapith (high school)
*Bagdanga P.C. Girls School
*Chatinakandi Gurupada High School
*Namukandi High School
*Rasorah Ambika High School
*Saraswati Devi Public High School (affiliated to [[C.B.S.E.]])
*Jagriti Public School (affiliated to C.B.S.E)

Regional development in education began when Kandi Raj High School was established by converting a theatre owned by the Zamindars of the Kandi Raj family.{{When?|date=January 2024}} This was done on an appeal by Pandit Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, the eminent educationist and social reformer during the renaissance in Bengal. The Zamindar family, commonly referred to as ''Rajas'', have contributed to the spread of education; in particular, they have taken initiative and built momentum for [[female education]] in and around the Kandi subdivision.{{citations needed|date= October 2025}}

==Arts and culture==

The region has a local sweet confectionery called ''monohara''.{{citations needed|date= October 2025}}

==Notable people==
* [[Ramendra Sundar Tribedi]] – scientist and writer
* [[Byomkes Chakrabarti]] – linguist and educationist
* [[Atish Chandra Sinha]] – nationalist and politician
* [[Bikash Sinha|Bikash Chandra Sinha]] – physicist and scientist
*[[Madanmohan Tarkalankar]] - Sanskrit Scholar

== Temples and Religious Centers ==
* Radhaballav Mandir: prominent temple in Kandi.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-13 |title=Murshidabad News: লালাবাবুর তিরোধানে কান্দির রাধাবল্লভ মন্দিরে ৬৪ মোহান্ত ভোগ! জানেন এর ইতিহাস? |url=https://bengali.news18.com/news/murshidabad/know-about-lalababu-history-of-kandi-radhaballav-mandir-murshidabad-sb-lcn-824998.html |access-date=2025-04-07 |website=bengali.news18.com |language=bn}}</ref>
* Dakhina Kali Mandir: temple dedicated to the goddess Kali.<ref>{{Cite web |website=Aajkaal Sarod |date=2024-10-29 |script-title=bn:ব্যাঘ্র রূপে পূজিত হন দোহালিয়ার মা দক্ষিণা কালী |url=https://durgapuja.aajkaal.in/kali-puja/dakshina-kali-is-worshiped-as-a-tiger-idol-in-kandi-temple-in-murshidabad |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250126053902/https://durgapuja.aajkaal.in/kali-puja/dakshina-kali-is-worshiped-as-a-tiger-idol-in-kandi-temple-in-murshidabad |archive-date=26 January 2025 |access-date=2025-04-07 |language=bn |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* Gopal Tungi Mandir: Another notable temple in the area.

==See also==
* [[Kandi (Community development block)]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Kandi|short=x}}

{{Murshidabad District}}
{{Murshidabad topics}}
{{Municipalities of West Bengal}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Murshidabad district]]

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Kandi, Murshidabad